Question: who played roger 's wife on what 's happening

Answer: Anne - Marie Johnson

This is a document about What's Happening!!
  What's Happening!! follows the lives of three working-class African-American teens living in the Los Angeles neighborhood of Watts. The show stars Ernest Thomas as Roger "Raj" Thomas, Haywood Nelson as Dwayne Nelson, and Fred Berry as Freddy "Rerun" Stubbs. Co-starring are Danielle Spencer as Roger's younger sister Dee; Mabel King as Roger and Dee's mother Mabel; and Shirley Hemphill as Shirley Wilson, a waitress at Rob's Place, the neighborhood restaurant where the boys are regular patrons. Recurring characters include Rob (Earl Billings), owner of Rob's Place; and Mrs. Collins (Fritzi Burr), a sarcastic history teacher, and the sponsor of the school newspaper.

This is a document about Danielle Spencer (American actress)
  act in small roles in film and television when it does not conflict with her veterinary practice. The cast of What's Happening!! was honored at the 2006 TV Land Awards, where Spencer was the co-winner (along with Little House on the Prairie actress Alison Arngrim) of the "Character Most in Need of a Time-Out" award. Spencer released a book about her life as a child star entitled Through the Fire: Journal of a Child Star. The book led to renewed interest in Spencer's life and career, and led to appearances on shows such as The Wendy Williams Show, TV One's hit series Life After and Unsung Hollywood with her former cast members.

This is a document about Danielle Spencer (American actress)
  Danielle Spencer (born June 24, 1965) is an American actress and former child star best known for her role as Dee Thomas on the ABC sitcom What's Happening!!, which ran from 1976 to 1979. She would later reprise the role on the series' sequel, What's Happening Now!!

This is a document about Mabel King
  Mabel Elizabeth King (née Washington; December 25, 1932   – November 9, 1999) was an American film, stage, and television actress, and singer. She is best known for her role as Mabel "Mama" Thomas on the ABC sitcom What's Happening!! from its premiere in 1976 until the end of its second season in 1978. King's next most remembered role is that of Evillene the Witch, a role she originated in the stage musical The Wiz and reprised in Sidney Lumet's 1978 film adaptation. She recorded on the Rama Records and Amy Records labels.

This is a document about List of people from Asheville, North Carolina
  Asheville around 1900 and coached shows at the Asheville Opera House ; Shirley Hemphill (1947–1999), stand-up comedian and actress, best known for What's Happening!!, 1976–79 ; Charlton Heston (1923–2008), Oscar-winning actor, managed the Asheville Community Theatre with his wife Lydia in 1947 ; Taras Kulakov (born 1987), YouTuber ; Andie MacDowell (born 1958), actress, lived for several years in Biltmore Forest, adjacent to Asheville ; Sierra McCormick (born 1997), actress ; Marjorie Rambeau (1889–1970), Hollywood actress; was married to Francis A. Gudger, a resident of Asheville; resided in Asheville in the winter from 1932 to the mid-1940s ; Paul Schneider (born 1976), actor ; Angela Shelton (born 1972), actress and producer ; Duncan Trussell (born 1974), actor and comedian ; Bellamy Young (born 1970), actress, co-star of television series Scandal; born and raised in Asheville ; Clint Basinger (born 1985), YouTuber

This is a document about What's Going On (game show)
  What's Going On? is an American game show that aired for five weeks beginning on November 28, 1954, and ending on December 26, 1954. The show aired on ABC and was a Mark Goodson-Bill Todman production. It was sponsored by Revlon, and originated live from New York City. Lee Bowman served as host of the show. There were six celebrities involved in the game: Hy Gardner, Audrey Meadows, Gene Raymond, Kitty Carlisle, Cliff Norton,  and Susan Oakland. Jayne Meadows was a substitute panelist when her sister Audrey was doing a stage play.

This is a document about Shirley Hemphill
  Shirley Ann Hemphill (July 1, 1947 – December 10, 1999) was an American stand-up comedian and actress. A native of Asheville, North Carolina, Hemphill moved to Los Angeles in the 1970s to pursue a career as a stand-up comedian. After working the Los Angeles comedy club circuit, her routine eventually attracted attention leading to her being cast in guest starring roles on television. In 1976, she landed the role of brassy waitress Shirley Wilson on the sitcom What's Happening!! The series was a modest hit for ABC, but production and cast problems caused ABC to cancel the series in 1979. The following year, Hemphill was cast in her own sitcom, One in a Million. The series failed to attract an audience and was canceled in June 1980. In 1985, Hemphill reprised her role as Shirley Wilson in the syndicated revival of What's Happening!! titled What's Happening Now!!, only now her character is co-owner of the restaurant she works at. Like its predecessor, What's Happening Now!! aired for three seasons. After the show's cancellation, Hemphill returned to stand-up comedy and also made occasional appearances in films and television until her death in December 1999.

This is a document about What's Happening Now!!
  What's Happening Now!! is an American sitcom sequel to the original ABC 1976–79 sitcom What's Happening!! focusing on its main characters as adults. It aired in first-run broadcast syndication from September 7, 1985, to March 26, 1988.

This is a document about Shirley Hemphill
  down. Instead, she auditioned and won the role of waitress Shirley Wilson on the ABC sitcom What's Happening!!. Loosely based on Eric Monte's 1975 film Cooley High, the series follows the adventures of three teenaged boys: Raj (Ernest Thomas), Rerun (Fred Berry), and Dwayne (Haywood Nelson). Hemphill's character worked at Rob's Place, the restaurant the boys frequented. The series was a modest hit for ABC but was beset with behind the scene problems. In the series' second season, Fred Berry and Ernest Thomas staged a walkout over their dressing room conditions which they claimed were unsuitable. During the series' third season, Fred Berry demanded

This is a document about House of Cards (British TV series)
  changes at all. Urquhart resolves to oust Collingridge, with encouragement from his wife, Elizabeth (Diane Fletcher). At the same time, with Elizabeth's blessing, Urquhart begins an affair with Mattie Storin (Susannah Harker), a junior political reporter at a Conservative-leaning tabloid newspaper called The Chronicle. The affair allows Urquhart to manipulate Mattie and indirectly skew her coverage of the Conservative leadership contest in his favour. Mattie has an apparent Electra complex; she finds appeal in Urquhart's much older age and later refers to him as "Daddy". Another unwitting pawn is Roger O'Neill (Miles Anderson), the party's cocaine-addicted public relations consultant. Urquhart blackmails O'Neill into leaking information on budget cuts that humiliates Collingridge

This is a document about List of Emmerdale characters (2003)
  what had been going on. Gordon tells her that he had thrown Aaron out after he hit his wife Sandra (Janet Bamford), with whom he has a child. Aaron later asks to go back to his father's, but Gordon says they need a break from him and insists he stay with Chas. Later that night, Aaron vandalises Gordon's office, although Gordon cannot prove it. Seven years later, Gordon (now played by Gary Mavers) meets Diane Sugden (Elizabeth Estensen) in an oncologists waiting room. He reveals that to her that he has regrets about being estranged from Aaron, but asks Diane not to tell anyone that

This is a document about Danielle Spencer (American actress)
  the show's ratings during its network run, in 1985 a sequel series was created called What's Happening Now!!. Spencer played Dee in various episodes over the sequel's three-season run while attending college. While in her sophomore year, she pledged and became a member of Delta Sigma Theta sorority. After What's Happening Now!! was canceled in 1988, Spencer attended Tuskegee University Veterinary School in Tuskegee, Alabama. She became a veterinarian in 1996. Spencer considers herself to be in semi-retirement from show business, but still acts occasionally. In 1997, she portrayed a veterinarian in the hit film As Good as It Gets and appeared in Peter Rabbit and the Crucifix in 2001. She continues

This is a document about Christine Baranski
  Christine Jane Baranski (born May 2, 1952) is an American actress, comedian, producer, and singer. She is a 15-time Emmy Award nominee, winning once in 1995 for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series for her role as Maryann Thorpe in the sitcom Cybill (1995–1998). Baranski has received further critical acclaim for her performance as Diane Lockhart in the legal drama series The Good Wife (2009–2016) and its spin-off series The Good Fight (2017–present). Baranski has appeared in several television films, including To Dance with the White Dog (1993), Eloise at the Plaza and Eloise at Christmastime (both 2003), and Who Is Simon Miller? (2011). Her major Broadway credits

This is a document about What's Happening!!
  What's Happening!! is an American sitcom television series that aired on ABC from August 5, 1976, to April 28, 1979, premiering as a summer series. With good ratings and reviews, and after the failure of several other series on the network, What's Happening!! returned as a weekly series from November 1976 until its April 1979 conclusion; ratings were modest. What's Happening!! was loosely based on the Eric Monte-penned film Cooley High. From 1985 to 1988, a sequel series titled What's Happening Now!! aired in first-run syndication, with most of the major cast members reprising their roles. What's Happening!! was Bud Yorkin's second series after he ended his partnership with Norman Lear and Tandem Productions. The show was produced by TOY Productions, which was formed by Yorkin, Saul Turteltaub, and Bernie Orenstein after the split.

This is a document about Judy Greer
  Judith Therese Evans (born July 20, 1975), known professionally as Judy Greer, is an American actress. She is primarily known as a character actress, who has appeared in a wide variety of films. She first rose to prominence in the late 1990s/early 2000s, appearing in the films Jawbreaker (1999), What Women Want (2000), 13 Going on 30 (2004), 27 Dresses (2008), and Love & Other Drugs (2010). Greer also expanded into other genres, with roles in such films as Adaptation (2002), The Village (2004), The Descendants (2011), Carrie (2013), Dawn of the Planet of the Apes (2014), Jurassic World (2015), Ant-Man (2015), War for the Planet of the Apes (2017), Ant-Man and the Wasp (2018), Halloween (2018) and Halloween Kills (2021). She made her directorial debut with the comedy-drama film A Happening of Monumental Proportions (2017). On television, Greer is best known for her starring voice role as Cheryl Tunt in the FXX animated comedy series Archer (2009–present). She also had roles in the comedy series The Big Bang Theory (2007–2019), Arrested Development (2003–2006, 2013-2019), Two and a Half Men (2003–2015), Married (2014–2015), and Kidding (2018–2020).

This is a document about Happening Now
  Happening Now was an American news-talk television program that aired on Fox News Channel from November 5, 2007 to June 8, 2018. It was hosted by Fox News anchor Jon Scott for its entire run, with the co-anchors being Jane Skinner and Jenna Lee at various points during its run.

This is a document about Daisy Donovan
 Spiceworld: The Movie (reporter, uncredited) 1997 ; Still Crazy (female reporter) 1998 ; Parting Shots 1998 ; The Eleven O'Clock Show (presenter) 1998–2000 ; The Unexpected Mrs. Pollifax (Alexanda/Marina) 1999 ; My Family BBC television comedy series 1 (Brigitte) (2000) ; Daisy, Daisy (host) 2001 ; Does Doug Know? (host) 2002 ; Second Nature (Kristina Kane/Amy O'Brien) 2003 ; Death on the Nile for UK television (Cornelia Robson) 2004 ; Coming Up (Jen) Pillow Talk episode 2004 ; Millions (Dorothy) 2004 ; Angel's Hell (Polly) 2005 ; Daisy Does America (host) 2005 ; Death at a Funeral (Martha) 2007 ; Wild Child (Miss Rees-Withers) 2008 ; The Greatest Shows on Earth (host) 2013

This is a document about June Wilkinson
  as Rita, The Starlet ; Who's Got the Action? (1962) as Bride (uncredited) ; The Candidate (1964) as Angela Wallace ; Batman (1968) as Evelina ; The Doris Day Show (1971) as Laura ; The ABC Comedy Hour (1972) as Unknown ; The Mack (1973) as Unknown (uncredited) ; The Florida Connection (1975) as Britt Claiborne ; Frankenstein's Great Aunt Tillie (1984) as Randy ; Texas Godfather (1985) as Audrey ; Vasectomy: A Delicate Matter (1986) as Mrs. Cromwell ; Talking Walls (1987) as Blonde ; Medium Rare (1987) as Unknown ; Keaton's Cop (1990) as Sandra 'Big Mama' Channing ; Three Bad Men (2005) as Billie

This is a document about Anne-Marie Johnson
  Anne-Marie Johnson (born July 18, 1960) is an American actress and impressionist. She is known for her roles in What's Happening Now!! (1985-1988), and In the Heat of the Night (1988-1993). She also was a cast member in In Living Color (1993–94) during its final season, and had recurring or regular roles in Melrose Place, JAG, Girlfriends and The InBetween.

This is a document about Tamsin Carroll
  in A Midsummer Night’s Dream (Open Air Theatre, Regent's Park), alternate Nancy in Oliver! (Theatre Royal Drury Lane) and Ensemble in The Magistrate (Royal National Theatre). Her film and television credits include EastEnders, Goddess, Carols by Candlelight and Holy Smoke!. She played the role of Ellen in the West End revival of Miss Saigon and Baroness Bomburst in the UK tour of Chitty Chitty Bang Bang. In 2017 she appeared in the new musical Everybody’s Talking About Jamie at the Crucible Theatre, Sheffield. She subsequently reprised the role when the show transferred to London's West End, playing at the Apollo Theatre from 6 November 2017.

Mabel King played Roger's wife, Mabel Thomas, on "What's Happening!!".


Question: who sang what a difference a day makes first

Answer: Dinah Washington

This is a document about What a Diff'rence a Day Made
  "What a Diff'rence a Day Made", also recorded as "What a Difference a Day Makes", is a popular song originally written in Spanish by María Grever, a Mexican songwriter, in 1934 with the title "Cuando vuelva a tu lado" ("When I Return to Your Side") and first recorded by Orquesta Pedro Vía that same year. A popular version in Spanish was later recorded by trio Los Panchos with Eydie Gormé in 1964. The song is also known in English as “What a Diff'rence a Day Makes”, as popularized by Dinah Washington in 1959.

This is a document about Joe Beck
  sideman or session guitarist with a wide variety of well-known jazz, rock, and fusion musicians, including Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, Buddy Rich, Woody Herman, Miles Davis, Maynard Ferguson, Howard Roberts, Tommy Tedesco, Larry Coryell, John Abercrombie, Tom Scott, Jeremy Steig, and Gabor Szabo. In mid-life Beck spent less time playing and worked more as a composer of commercial jingles and as an arranger, writing arrangements for Frank Sinatra and Gloria Gaynor. Joe also arranged and produced many records including projects for Frank Sinatra, Gloria Gaynor, and two albums for Esther Phillips including her hit single, "What A Difference A Day Makes". Over the years, Joe

This is a document about What a Diff'rence a Day Made
  in their album This One's for Dinah in 2009. ; Deana Martin recorded “What a Difference a Day Made” on her 2009 album Volare. ; Rod Stewart - Fly Me to the Moon... The Great American Songbook - Volume V (2010) ; The Temptations - For Lovers Only (1995) ; Julie Dawn and Roy Marsh and His Swingtette released a version of the track paired with "I am Going to Love That Guy" (this track bringing together Julie Dawn and Frank Deniz and His Spirits of Rhythm). The exact release date unknown at the moment (Decca 8034 Matrix numbers I 1320 and I 1322). ; Other artists who

This is a document about Doin' It Now!
  Sybil's UK label, decided to release a more dance-orientated album with some Eurohouse sound as well as her soul music showcase. The album includes two covers: the Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes song "The Love I Lost" and the standard "What a Diff'rence a Day Makes", first made famous by Dinah Washington in 1959. Two songs on Doin' It Now! had previously been released on other Sybil albums, although the versions included are different mixes: "Love's Calling" had previously been released on her 1989 album Sybil and "Let It Rain" had first been released on her 1990 album Sybilization, and released as a single in 1991.

This is a document about What a Diff'rence a Day Made
 In 2021, artist and songwriter, SHELLS and Producer, Robin Pearkes aka PALMR recorded an English version entitled "What a Difference a Day Makes". It was commissioned for the UK's National Health Service (NHS). ; Andy Russell, a Mexican-American singer, recorded a bilingual version of the song in 1944 (Capitol #167, paired with "Don't You Notice Anything New?"), which reached number 15 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. ; Paul Pata - sa guitare et son quintette, on the album Week-End aux Puces, as the instrumental Tous Les Jours Se Ressemblent. ; Alfredo Antonini and his orchestra collaborated with Victoria Cordova and John Serry Sr. to record the song for

This is a document about 1959 in music
  Anita Bryant • "Travellin' Light – Cliff Richard and The Shadows (B-side to "Dynamite") • "True Love, True Love" / "Dance With Me" – The Drifters • "The Twist" – Hank Ballard • "Venus" – Frankie Avalon • "The Village of St. Bernadette" – Andy Williams • "What About Us" – The Coasters • "What a Difference a Day Makes" – Dinah Washington • "What Am I Living For" – Ernest Tubb • "What'd I Say" – Ray Charles • "Where the Boys Are" – Connie Francis • "Why" – Frankie Avalon • "A Worried Man" – The Kingston Trio • "Yep!" – Duane Eddy

This is a document about The Soul Clinic
 Hank Crawford - alto saxophone, piano ; Phillip Guilbeau - trumpet (trumpet solo on "What A Difference A Day Makes") ; John Hunt - trumpet ; David Newman - tenor saxophone ; Leroy Cooper - baritone saxophone ; Edgar Willis - bass ; Bruno Carr - drums ; Milt Turner - drums (on "What A Difference A Day Makes" only)

This is a document about What a Diff'rence a Day Makes!
  What a Diff'rence a Day Makes! is a tenth studio album by Dinah Washington, arranged by Belford Hendricks, featuring her hit single of the same name. The title track won Washington the Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance at the 2nd Annual Grammy Awards held in November 1959. Album was released on CD in 2000 on the Verve label with 3 bonus tracks.

This is a document about María Grever
  María Grever (14 September 1885 – 15 December 1951) was the first female Mexican composer to achieve international acclaim. She is best known for the song "What A Difference A Day Makes" (originally "Cuando vuelva a tu lado"), which was popularized by Dinah Washington and has been covered by numerous artists.

This is a document about Esther Phillips
  One of her biggest post-1950s triumphs was her first album for the Kudu label, From a Whisper to a Scream, in 1972. The lead track, "Home Is Where the Hatred Is", an account of drug use written by Gil Scott-Heron, was nominated for a Grammy Award. Phillips lost to Aretha Franklin, but Franklin presented the trophy to her, saying she should have won it instead. In 1975, she released a disco-style update of Dinah Washington's "What a Diff'rence a Day Makes", her biggest hit single since "Release Me". It reached the Top 20 in the United States and the Top 10 in the UK Singles Chart. On November 8, 1975, she performed the song on an episode of NBC's Saturday Night (later called Saturday Night Live) hosted by Candice Bergen. The accompanying album of the same name became her biggest seller yet, with arranger Joe Beck on guitar, Michael

This is a document about One Day at a Time (Joan Baez album)
  One Day at a Time is a 1970 album by Joan Baez. Recorded in Nashville, the album was a continuation of Baez' experimentation with country music, begun with the previous year's David's Album. It is significant in that it was the first to include Baez' own compositions, "Sweet Sir Galahad" and "A Song for David", the former song a ballad for her younger sister Mimi Fariña, and the latter song being for her then husband, David Harris, at the time in prison as a conscientious objector. One Day at a Time also included work by The Rolling Stones, Willie Nelson and Pete Seeger. The album contains three of the songs Baez

This is a document about Clear Light
  Have Nothing." It had some success in England, but was largely ignored in the U.S, reaching number 126 on the Billboard album chart. Paul Rothchild then pressured the other members of the band to fire Bob Seal" Seal was replaced by ex-Fug Danny "Kootch" Kortchmar; Cliff De Young was soon to follow, and after having started work on a second album the group disbanded in 1968. Two tracks from the sessions for the second album surfaced in 2006, "Darkness of Day" and "What a Difference Love Makes"; the latter showed the group moving into more commercial territory due to Kortchmar's influence.

This is a document about What Difference Does It Make?
  "What Difference Does It Make?" is a song by the English rock band the Smiths, written by singer Morrissey and guitarist Johnny Marr. It was the band's third single and is featured on their debut album, The Smiths. A different version, recorded for the John Peel Show on BBC Radio 1, is included in the compilation album Hatful of Hollow. The song was one of the band's first significant chart hits, peaking at No. 12 in the UK Singles Chart.

This is a document about Belford Hendricks
  Soon after arriving in New York, Hendricks met Dinah Washington. They enjoyed several chart hits, the most enduring being "What a Difference a Day Makes", which reached number 4 in the US Billboard R&B chart and number 8 in the US pop charts in 1959. "Unforgettable" and "This Bitter Earth" are also notable hits. Hendricks arranged and conducted nearly 100 songs for Washington from February 1959 to January 1961,  but today most of them are considered to be mediocre and boring, compared to Washington's jazz/blues-oriented recordings until 1958. Even more successful were the light-hearted duets which Hendricks arranged for Washington and Brook Benton in 1960. "Baby (You've Got What It Takes)" made number 1 in the United States R&B chart and number 5

This is a document about What a Day
  What a Day is the title of the first solo album by Phil Keaggy, originally released in 1973, on New Song Records. It was later reissued on vinyl by Nissi Records and then on CD by Myrrh Records together with Keaggy's second solo album, Love Broke Thru.

This is a document about Sonny Rollins + 3
 All compositions by Sonny Rollins except as indicated ; 1) "What a Difference a Day Made" (Stanley Adams, María Mendez Grever) - 10:05 ; 2) "Biji" - 8:18 ; 3) "They Say It's Wonderful" (Irving Berlin) - 6:15 ; 4) "Mona Lisa" (Ray Evans, Jay Livingston) - 3:53 ; 5) "Cabin in the Sky" (Vernon Duke, John Latouche) - 8:50 ; 6) "H.S." - 6:17 ; 7) "I've Never Been in Love Before" (Frank Loesser) - 12:19 ; Recorded in New York City on August 30 (tracks 3 & 5) and October 7 (tracks 1, 2, 4, 6 & 7), 1995

This is a document about Spanky and Our Gang
  The group's first album was released by Mercury Records on August 1, 1967, with three popular songs that were released as singles. These were "Sunday Will Never Be the Same" (their biggest hit, which reached number No. 9 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart in the summer of 1967), followed by "Making Every Minute Count" (reached No. 31/No. 23 in Canada) and "Lazy Day" (reached No. 14). Both "Sunday Will Never Be The Same" and "Lazy Day" sold over one million copies. "Sunday Will Never Be the Same" was written by Terry Cashman and Gene Pistilli. In an interview of Cashman on

This is a document about Time After Time (1947 song)
 Chet Baker, Chet Baker Sings, 1954 ; Stan Getz, Award Winner, 1957 ; Frank Sinatra, This Is Sinatra Volume 2, 1957 ; John Coltrane, Stardust, 1958 ; Connie Francis, The Exciting Connie Francis, 1959 ; Ricky Nelson, More Songs By Ricky, 1959 ; Paul Desmond with Jim Hall, First Place Again, 1959 ; Dinah Washington, What a Diff'rence a Day Makes!, 1959 ; Joe Morello with Phil Woods and Gary Burton, It's About Time, 1961 ; The Isley Brothers, Twist & Shout, 1962 ; Nancy Wilson, Gentle Is My Love, 1965 ; Margaret Whiting, The Wheel of Hurt, 1966. A performance of this song was also heard on the soundtrack to Nora Ephron’s 2009 film Julie

This is a document about Frank Weir
 "Mister Cuckoo" / "If Ever You Go To Paree" - Parlophone R4157 ; "What a Difference a Day Makes" / "Together" - Decca F8501 ; "The Never Never Land" / "The Little Shoemaker" - Decca F 10324 (1954)

This is a document about It's So Far Out, It's Straight Down
  sought to explain to a mainstream audience the cultural changes taking place in London. Music critic Tim Riley describes it as one of the events of early 1967 that "punctuate an era as psychedelic pop culture took shape". Also among these was the emergence of American guitarist Jimi Hendrix on the London club circuit, while Pink Floyd's performance in the documentary was one of the group's first television appearances. McCartney filmed his contributions in Granada's studio on 18 January 1967, the day before the Beatles recorded their song "A Day in the Life". The documentary also includes footage of Allen Ginsberg, Lawrence Ferlinghetti and Gregory Corso reciting poetry at

The first recorded version of "What a Difference a Day Makes" was by Mexican singer María Grever in 1934. However, the first English-language version was recorded by Dinah Washington in 1959.


Question: when was the first tank used in battle

Answer: 15 September 1916

This is a document about Tank
  September 1916. Great Britain produced about 2,600 tanks of various types during the war. The first tank to engage in battle was designated D1, a British Mark I Male, during the Battle of Flers-Courcelette (part of the wider Somme offensive) on 15 September 1916. Bert Chaney, a nineteen-year-old signaller with the 7th London Territorial Battalion, reported that "three huge mechanical monsters such as [he] had never seen before" rumbled their way onto the battlefield, "frightening the Jerries out of their wits and making them scuttle like frightened rabbits." When the news of the first use of the tanks emerged, Prime Minister David Lloyd George commented, "It is really to Mr Winston Churchill that the

This is a document about Tanks in the British Army
  The British Mark I was the world's first combat tank, entering service in August 1916, and first used in action on the morning of 15 September 1916. It was developed to be able to cross trenches, resist small-arms fire, travel over difficult terrain, carry supplies, and be able to capture fortified enemy positions. The Mark I was a development of Little Willie, the experimental tank built for the Landships Committee by Lieutenant Walter Wilson and William Tritton in the summer of 1915. A small number of Mark I tanks took part in the battle of the Somme during the Battle of Flers-Courcelette

This is a document about History of the tank
  January 1915, and actual tests started in May 1915, two months earlier than the Little Willie experiments. At the Souain experiment, France tested an armoured tracked tank prototype, the same month Little Willie was completed.Ultimately however, the British were the first to put tanks on the battlefield, at the battle of the Somme in September 1916. The name "tank" was introduced in December, 1915 as a security measure and has been adopted in many languages. William Tritton, stated that when the prototypes were under construction from August, 1915 they were deliberately falsely described in order to conceal their true

This is a document about Tanks in the German Army
  The A7V was first used in combat on 21 March 1918. Five tanks under the command of Hauptmann Greiff were deployed north of the St. Quentin Canal. Three of the A7Vs suffered mechanical failures before they entered combat; the remaining pair helped stop a minor British breakthrough in the area, but otherwise saw little combat that day. The first tank against tank combat in history took place on the 24 April 1918, when three A7Vs (including chassis number 561, known as "Nixe") taking part in an attack with infantry incidentally met three Mark IVs (two 'Female' with only machine guns and one 'Male' with two 6-pounder guns) near Villers-Bretonneux. During the battle, tanks

This is a document about World War I
  French sought a solution with the creation of the tank and mechanised warfare. The British first tanks were used during the Battle of the Somme on 15 September 1916. Mechanical reliability was an issue, but the experiment proved its worth. Within a year, the British were fielding tanks by the hundreds, and they showed their potential during the Battle of Cambrai in November 1917, by breaking the Hindenburg Line, while combined arms teams captured 8,000 enemy soldiers and 100 guns. Meanwhile, the French introduced the first tanks with a rotating turret, the Renault FT, which became a decisive tool of the victory. The conflict also

This is a document about British heavy tanks of World War I
  British heavy tanks were a series of related armoured fighting vehicles developed by the UK during the First World War. The Mark I was the world's first tank, a tracked, armed, and armoured vehicle, to enter combat. The name "tank" was initially a code name to maintain secrecy and disguise its true purpose by making it appear to be a water transport vehicle for bringing water to the troops at the front line. The type was developed in 1915 to break the stalemate of trench warfare. It could survive the machine gun and small-arms fire in "No Man's Land", travel over difficult terrain, crush barbed wire, and cross trenches to assault fortified enemy

This is a document about Armoured warfare
  moving. Britain and France first developed tanks in 1915 as a way of navigating the barbed wire and other obstacles of no-man's land while remaining protected from machine-gun fire. British Mark I tanks first went into action at the Somme on 15 September 1916, but did not manage to break the deadlock of trench warfare. The first French employment of tanks, on 16 April 1917, using the Schneider CA, also failed to live up to expectations. In the Battle of Cambrai (1917) (November to December 1917) British tanks were more successful, and broke a German trenchline system, the Hindenburg Line. Despite the

This is a document about Trench warfare
  Tanks were developed by the British and French as a means to attack enemy trenches, by combining heavy firepower (machine guns or light artillery guns), protection from small-arms fire (armour), and battlefield mobility (tracks). The British tanks were designed with a rhomboid shape, to easily surmount barbed wire and other obstacles. They were first deployed in 1916 at the Battle of the Somme in limited numbers, proving unreliable and ineffective at first, as mechanical and logistical issues overshadowed implementing a coherent tank doctrine, with the additional challenge of traversing ground torn apart by years of shell fire. At the First

This is a document about History of the tank
   The first offensive using tanks took place on 15 September 1916, during the Battle of the Somme. Forty-nine of the Mark I type were committed, of which 32 were mechanically fit to take part in the advance and achieved some small, local successes. In July 1917, 216 British tanks were employed in the Third Battle of Ypres but found it almost impossible to operate in the muddy conditions and achieved little. Not until 20 November 1917, at Cambrai, did the British Tank Corps get the conditions it needed for success. Over 400 tanks penetrated almost six miles on a 7-mile wide front. However, success was not complete because

This is a document about Tanks in World War I
   For secrecy, the six new tank companies were assigned to the Heavy Section of the Machine Gun Corps. The first use of tanks on the battlefield was the use of British Mark I tanks by C and D Companies HS MGC at the Battle of Flers-Courcelette (part of the Battle of the Somme) on Friday 15 September 1916, with mixed results. Many broke down, but nearly a third succeeded in breaking through. Of the forty-nine tanks shipped to the Somme, only thirty-two were able to begin the first attack in which they were used, and only nine made it across "no man's land" to the German lines. The tanks had been rushed into

This is a document about Tanks in the British Army
  January 1916 very successful trials were made, and an order was placed by the War Office for 100 units to be used on the Western Front in France,  on 12 February 1916,  and a second order for 50 additional units was placed in April 1916. The great secrecy surrounding tank development, coupled with the skepticism of infantry commanders, often meant that infantry at first had little training to cooperate with tanks.  The first use of the British tanks on the battlefield was the use of 49 Mark I tanks during the Battle of the Somme on 15 September 1916, with mixed, but still

This is a document about Armoured warfare
  Modern armoured warfare began during the First World War of 1914–1918. Strategists wanted to break the tactical, operational and strategic stalemates forced on commanders on the Western Front by the effectiveness of entrenched defensive infantry armed with machine guns—known as trench warfare. Under these conditions, attacks usually advanced very slowly and incurred massive casualties. The developers of tanks aimed to return manoeuvre to warfare, and found a practical way to do so: providing caterpillar traction to machine guns allowing them to overcome trenches, while at the same time offering them armour protection against small-arms (pistol, rifle, and machine gun) fire as they

This is a document about Flers, Somme
  In 1916, the Battle of Flers–Courcelette saw the first use of the tank (the Mark I) in the field of battle.

This is a document about History of the tank
  the war, only twenty had been built. Although other tanks were on the drawing board, material shortages limited the German tank corps to these A7Vs and about 36 captured Mark IVs. The A7V would be involved in the first tank vs. tank battle of the war on April 24, 1918 at the Second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux—a battle in which there was no clear winner. Numerous mechanical failures and the inability of the British and French to mount any sustained drives in the early tank actions cast doubt on their usefulness—and by 1918, tanks were extremely vulnerable unless accompanied by infantry and ground-attack aircraft, both of which worked to

This is a document about Tank
  England in 1915, with leading roles played by Major Walter Gordon Wilson who designed the gearbox and hull, and by William Tritton of William Foster and Co., who designed the track plates. This was a prototype of a new design that would become the British Army's Mark I tank, the first tank used in combat in September 1916 during the Battle of the Somme. The name "tank" was adopted by the British during the early stages of their development, as a security measure to conceal their purpose (see etymology). While the British and French built thousands of tanks in World

This is a document about British Army uniform and equipment in World War I
  The development of trench warfare based around obstacles such as trenches and barbed wire and covered by fast firing machine guns made attacking the enemy lines costly. There was a demand for a self-propelled and protected weapon which could move across any kind of terrain in support of the troops and that was effective against enemy machine gun emplacements, leading to the development of the tank. The great weakness of the armoured car was indeed that they required smooth terrain to move upon, and new developments were needed for cross-country capability. The Mark I tank was the first British tank to be used in battle; in February 1915, the First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill created the Landship Committee to investigate a mechanical solution to the stalemate of trench warfare. The Mark

This is a document about Tanks in the German Army
  divisions, were stationed around the vital town of Caen facing the Anglo-Canadian forces of the 21st Army Group; and the numerous battles to secure the town became collectively known as the Battle of Caen. US forces in the meantime, engaged mainly the Panzer Lehr Division, and the Panther tank proved to be most effective when fighting in open country and shooting at long range—its combination of superior armor and firepower allowed it to engage at distances from which the American M4 Shermans could not respond. The Tiger was first used in action on 23 September 1942 near Leningrad. Under pressure from

This is a document about History of the tank
   The history of the tank begins with World War I, when armoured all-terrain fighting vehicles were introduced as a response to the problems of trench warfare, ushering in a new era of mechanized warfare. Though initially crude and unreliable, tanks eventually became a mainstay of ground armies. By World War II, tank design had advanced significantly, and tanks were used in quantity in all land theatres of the war. The Cold War saw the rise of modern tank doctrine and the rise of the general-purpose main battle tank. The tank still provides the backbone to land combat operations in the 21st century.

This is a document about A7V
  The A7V was first used in combat on 21 March 1918. Five tanks of Abteilung I (Detachment I) under the command of Hauptmann Greiff were deployed north of the St. Quentin Canal. Three of the A7Vs suffered mechanical failures before they entered combat; the remaining pair helped stop a minor British breakthrough in the area, but otherwise saw little combat that day.

This is a document about Military history
  At the start of the World Wars, various nations had developed weapons that were a surprise to their adversaries, leading to a need to learn from this, and alter how to combat them. Flame throwers were first used in the First World War. The French were the first to introduce the armored car in 1902. Then in 1918, the British produced the first armored troop carrier. Many early tanks were proof of concept but impractical until further development. In World War I, the British and French held a crucial advantage due to their superiority in tanks; the Germans had only a few dozen A7V tanks, as well as 170 captured tanks. The British and French both had several hundred each. The

The first tank, a British Mark I, was used in battle on 15 September 1916 during the Battle of the Somme.


Question: what are the characteristics of high level programming language

Answer: use natural language elements

This is a document about High-level programming language
  In computer science, a high-level programming language is a programming language with strong abstraction from the details of the computer. In contrast to low-level programming languages, it may use natural language elements, be easier to use, or may automate (or even hide entirely) significant areas of computing systems (e.g. memory management), making the process of developing a program simpler and more understandable than when using a lower-level language. The amount of abstraction provided defines how "high-level" a programming language is. In the 1960s, high-level programming languages using a compiler were commonly called autocodes. Examples of autocodes are COBOL and Fortran. The first high-level programming language designed for computers was Plankalkül, created by Konrad Zuse. However, it was not implemented in his time, and his original contributions were largely isolated from other developments due to World War II, aside from the

This is a document about High-level programming language
  "High-level language" refers to the higher level of abstraction from machine language. Rather than dealing with registers, memory addresses, and call stacks, high-level languages deal with variables, arrays, objects, complex arithmetic or boolean expressions, subroutines and functions, loops, threads, locks, and other abstract computer science concepts, with a focus on usability over optimal program efficiency. Unlike low-level assembly languages, high-level languages have few, if any, language elements that translate directly into a machine's native opcodes. Other features, such as string handling routines, object-oriented language features, and file input/output, may also be present. One thing to note about high-level programming languages is that these languages allow the programmer to be detached and separated from the machine. That is, unlike low-level languages like assembly or machine language, high-level programming can amplify the programmer's instructions and trigger a lot of data movements in the background without their knowledge. The responsibility and power of executing instructions have been handed over to the machine from the programmer.

This is a document about Language primitive
 calculate the address of both operands in memory, based on their positions within a data structure, ; convert from one data type to another performing the final store operation to the target destination. A high-level programming language (HLL) program is composed of discrete statements and primitive data types that may also be perceived to perform a single operation or represent a single data item, but at a higher semantic level than those provided by the machine. Copying a data item from one location to another may actually involve many machine instructions that, for instance, before finally Some HLL statements, particularly those involving loops, can generate thousands or even millions of primitives in a low-level programming language (LLL), which comprise the genuine instruction path length the processor has to execute at the lowest level. This perception has been referred to as the abstraction penalty.

This is a document about Third-generation programming language
  required. The main advantage of high-level languages over low-level languages is that they are easier to read, write, and maintain. Ultimately, programs written in a high-level language must be translated into machine language by a compiler or directly into behaviour by an interpreter. These programs could run on different machines (they are portable) so they were machine-independent. As new, more abstract languages have been developed, however, the concept of high- and low-level languages have become rather relative. Many of the early "high-level" languages are now considered relatively low-level in comparison to languages such as Python, Ruby, and Common Lisp, which have some features of fourth-generation programming languages.

This is a document about Very high-level programming language
  A very high-level programming language (VHLL) is a programming language with a very high level of abstraction, used primarily as a professional programmer productivity tool. VHLLs are usually domain-specific languages, limited to a very specific application, purpose, or type of task, and they are often scripting languages (especially extension languages), controlling a specific environment. For this reason, very high-level programming languages are often referred to as goal-oriented programming languages. The term VHLL was used in the 1990s for what are today more often called high-level programming languages (not "very") used for scripting, such as Perl, Python, Ruby, and Visual Basic.

This is a document about High-level programming language
  Examples of high-level programming languages in active use today include Python, Visual Basic, Delphi, Perl, PHP, ECMAScript, Ruby, C#, Java and many others. The terms high-level and low-level are inherently relative. Some decades ago, the C language, and similar languages, were most often considered "high-level", as it supported concepts such as expression evaluation, parameterised recursive functions, and data types and structures, while assembly language was considered "low-level". Today, many programmers might refer to C as low-level, as it lacks a large runtime-system (no garbage collection, etc.), basically supports only scalar operations, and provides direct memory addressing. It, therefore, readily blends with assembly language and the machine level of CPUs and microcontrollers. Assembly language may itself be regarded as a higher level (but often still one-to-one if used without macros) representation of machine code, as it supports concepts such as constants and (limited) expressions, sometimes even variables, procedures, and data structures. Machine code, in its turn, is inherently at a slightly higher level than the microcode or micro-operations used internally in many processors.

This is a document about Computer programming
  this ideal involve finding enough programmers who know the language to build a team, the availability of compilers for that language, and the efficiency with which programs written in a given language execute. Languages form an approximate spectrum from "low-level" to "high-level"; "low-level" languages are typically more machine-oriented and faster to execute, whereas "high-level" languages are more abstract and easier to use but execute less quickly. It is usually easier to code in "high-level" languages than in "low-level" ones. Allen Downey, in his book How To Think Like A Computer Scientist, writes:  Many computer languages provide a mechanism to call functions provided by shared libraries. Provided the functions in a library follow the appropriate run-time conventions (e.g., method of passing arguments), then these functions may be written in any other language.

This is a document about C (programming language)
 The language has a small, fixed number of keywords, including a full set of control flow primitives:,  ,  ,  , and  . User-defined names are not distinguished from keywords by any kind of sigil. ; It has a large number of arithmetic, bitwise, and logic operators:, etc. ; More than one assignment may be performed in a single statement. ; Functions: ; Function return values can be ignored, when not needed. ; Function and data pointers permit ad hoc run-time polymorphism. ; Functions may not be defined within the lexical scope of other functions. ; Data typing is static, but weakly

This is a document about Third-generation programming language
  can be further subdivided into other categories based on other contemporary traits. Most 3GLs support structured programming. Many support object-oriented programming. Traits like these are more often used to describe a language rather than just being a 3GL. A programming language such as C, FORTRAN, or Pascal enables a programmer to write programs that are more or less independent from a particular type of computer. Such languages are considered high-level because they are closer to human languages and further from machine languages, and hence require compilation or interpretation. In contrast, machine languages are considered as low-level because they are designed for and executed by physical hardware without further

This is a document about Data management platform
  Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, as technology continued to progress and programmers became more in touch with computers, the First and Second Generation Programming Languages evolved into High Level Languages (HLL). These languages are known for being easily readable by a human and were important for allowing one to write a generic program that does not depend on the kind of computer used. HLL were known for emphasizing memory and data management and many of the languages that came out in this era (i.e. COBOL, C, and C++) are still widely used today.

This is a document about Eiffel (programming language)
 An object-oriented program structure in which a class serves as the basic unit of decomposition. ; Design by contract tightly integrated with other language constructs. ; Automatic memory management, typically implemented by garbage collection. ; Inheritance, including multiple inheritance, renaming, redefinition, "select", non-conforming inheritance, and other mechanisms intended to make inheritance safe. ; Constrained and unconstrained generic programming ; A uniform type system handling both value and reference semantics in which all types, including basic types such as INTEGER, are class-based. ; Static typing ; Void safety, or static protection against calls on null references, through the attached-types mechanism. ; Agents, or objects that wrap computations, closely connected with closures and lambda calculus. ; Once routines, or routines evaluated only once, for object sharing and decentralized initialization. ; Keyword-based syntax in the ALGOL/Pascal tradition but separator-free, insofar as semicolons are optional, with operator syntax available for routines. ; Case insensitivity ; Simple Concurrent Object-Oriented Programming (SCOOP) facilitates creation of multiple, concurrently active execution vehicles at a level of abstraction above the specific details of these vehicles (e.g. multiple threads without specific mutex management). The key characteristics of the Eiffel language include:

This is a document about Ousterhout's dichotomy
 They are typed statically ; They support creating complex data structures ; Programs in them are compiled into machine code ; Programs in them are meant to operate largely independently of other programs They are typed dynamically ; They have little or no provision for complex data structures ; Programs in them (scripts) are interpreted Ousterhout's dichotomy is computer scientist John Ousterhout's categorization that high-level programming languages tend to fall into two groups, each with distinct properties and uses: system programming languages and scripting languages – compare programming in the large and programming in the small. This distinction underlies the design of his language Tcl. System programming languages (or applications languages) usually have the following properties: System programming languages tend to be used for components and applications with large amounts of internal functionality such as operating systems, database servers, and Web browsers.

This is a document about Program counter
 When writing a multi-threaded program, the programmer may write each thread as a sequence of instructions without specifying the timing of any instruction relative to instructions in other threads. ; In event-driven programming, the programmer may write sequences of instructions to respond to events without specifying an overall sequence for the program. ; In dataflow programming, the programmer may write each section of a computing pipeline without specifying the timing relative to other sections. Modern high-level programming languages still follow the sequential-execution model and, indeed, a common way of identifying programming errors is with a “procedure execution” in which the programmer's finger identifies the point of execution as a PC would. The high-level language is essentially the machine language of a virtual machine, too complex to be built as hardware but instead emulated or interpreted by software. However, new programming models transcend sequential-execution programming:

This is a document about Programming language
 Programs range from tiny scripts written by individual hobbyists to huge systems written by hundreds of programmers. ; Programmers range in expertise from novices who need simplicity above all else to experts who may be comfortable with considerable complexity. ; Programs must balance speed, size, and simplicity on systems ranging from microcontrollers to supercomputers. ; Programs may be written once and not change for generations, or they may undergo continual modification. ; Programmers may simply differ in their tastes: they may be accustomed to discussing problems and expressing them in a particular language. Programming languages share properties with natural languages related to their purpose as vehicles for communication, having a syntactic form separate from its semantics, and showing language families of

This is a document about History of programming languages
  The history of programming languages spans from documentation of early mechanical computers to modern tools for software development. Early programming languages were highly specialized, relying on mathematical notation and similarly obscure syntax. Throughout the 20th century, research in compiler theory led to the creation of high-level programming languages, which use a more accessible syntax to communicate instructions. The first high-level programming language was Plankalkül, created by Konrad Zuse between 1942 and 1945. The first high-level language to have an associated compiler was created by Corrado Böhm in 1951, for his PhD thesis. The first commercially available language was FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslation), developed in 1956 (first manual appeared in 1956, but first developed in 1954) by a team led by John Backus at IBM.

This is a document about Chapel (programming language)
  Chapel aims to improve the programmability of parallel computers in general and the Cascade system in particular, by providing a higher level of expression than current programming languages do and by improving the separation between algorithmic expression and data structure implementation details. The language designers aspire for Chapel to bridge the gap between current HPC programming practitioners, who they describe as Fortran, C or C++ users writing procedural code using technologies like OpenMP and MPI on one side, and newly graduating computer programmers who tend to prefer Java, Python or Matlab with only some of them having experience with C++ or C. Chapel should offer the productivity advances offered by the latter suite of languages while not alienating the users of the first.

This is a document about ChucK
 Direct support for real-time audio synthesis ; A powerful and simple concurrent programming model ; A unified timing mechanism for multi-rate event and control processing. ; A language syntax that encourages left-to-right syntax and semantics within program statements. ; Precision timing: a strongly timed sample-synchronous timing model. ; Programs are dynamically compiled to ChucK virtual machine bytecode. ; A runtime environment that supports on-the-fly programming. ; The ChucK Operator (=>) that can be used in several ways to "chuck" any ordered flow of data from left to right. MIDI input and output. ; Open Sound Control support. ; HID connectivity. ; Unit generators (UGens) - ie oscillators, envelopes, synthesis toolkit ugens, filters, etc. ; Unit analyzers (UAnae) - blocks that perform analysis functions on audio signals and/or metadata input, and produce metadata analysis results as output - ie FFT/IFFT, Spectral Flux/Centroid, RMS, etc. ; Serial IO capabilities - ie Arduino. ; File IO capabilities. The ChucK programming language is a loosely C-like object-oriented language, with strong static typing. ChucK is distinguished by the following characteristics:  ChucK standard libraries provide:

This is a document about Programming Languages: History and Fundamentals
  Programming Languages provides a history and description of 120 programming languages, with an extensive bibliography of reference works about each language and sample programs for many of them. The book outlines both the technical definition and usage of each language, as well as the historical, political, and economic context of each language. Because Sammet was deeply involved in the history of programming language creation in the United States, she was able to give an insider's perspective. The author excluded most programming languages used only outside the US, and excluded those she considered not to be high-level programming languages.

This is a document about Compiler
 Alphabet, any finite set of symbols; ; String, a finite sequence of symbols; ; Language, any set of strings on an alphabet. FORTRAN (Formula Translation) for engineering and science applications is considered to be the first high-level language. ; COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) evolved from A-0 and FLOW-MATIC to become the dominant high-level language for business applications. ; LISP (List Processor) for symbolic computation. 1952: An Autocode compiler developed by Alick Glennie for the Manchester Mark I computer at the University of Manchester is considered by some to be the first compiled programming language. ; 1952: Grace Hopper's team at

This is a document about Computer programming
  High-level languages made the process of developing a program simpler and more understandable, and less bound to the underlying hardware. The first compiler related tool, the A-0 System, was developed in 1952 by Grace Hopper, who also coined the term 'compiler'. FORTRAN, the first widely used high-level language to have a functional implementation, came out in 1957, and many other languages were soon developed—in particular, COBOL aimed at commercial data processing, and Lisp for computer research. These compiled languages allow the programmer to write programs in terms that are syntactically richer, and more capable of abstracting the code, making it easy to target for varying machine instruction sets via compilation declarations and heuristics. Compilers harnessed the power of computers to make programming easier by allowing programmers to specify calculations by entering a formula using infix notation.

High-level programming languages are characterized by their ability to hide the details of the computer system from the programmer, allowing for easier and more abstract programming. They use variables, arrays, objects, and other complex data structures, and offer features like loops, subroutines, and threading. High-level languages are machine-independent and can be translated into machine language or run on a virtual machine. They are more abstract than low-level languages and can be written in a variety of programming paradigms, including procedural, object-oriented, and functional. Some high-level languages are also considered very high-


Question: how much does a trump golf membership cost

Answer: at the most $300,000

This is a document about Bedminster, New Jersey
  Trump National Golf Course: owned by Donald Trump, the course features 36 holes designed by Tom Fazio, with fees to join of over $150,000. The Sky Blue Soccer Organization was based in Bedminster.

This is a document about The Trump Organization
  The Trump Organization owns or manages seventeen golf courses in the United States, Scotland, Ireland, and the United Arab Emirates. , Trump listed income of at least $176 million in an 18-month span from his golf courses—about 41% of the low-end estimate of his income.

This is a document about Donald J. Trump Foundation
  violating IRS self-dealing rules by using charitable funds to pay Trump's personal or business obligations. To raise the money needed to make the settlement, the Trump Foundation auctioned a prize of lifetime golf membership at Trump-owned golf courses, with the winning bid bringing a $157,000 donation to the Trump Foundation to the foundation to offset the payment to the Greenberg Foundation. The winner of the auction may have believed he was donating to Trump Foundation charitable causes. According to the Trump Foundation's publicly available tax returns, Trump National Golf Club Westchester paid over $200,000 to the Trump Foundation in 2016, with $158,000 of the funds designated as repayment of the foundation funds used toward the Martin B. Greenberg settlement.

This is a document about Donald Trump and golf
  As of December 2016, Trump owned golf courses in the United States and abroad. Over nearly two decades (as he reported in his 2000–2018 tax filings), these golf courses had combined losses of $315.6 million.

This is a document about Donald Trump and golf
  Donald Trump is closely associated with the sport of golf. As a real estate developer, Trump began acquiring and constructing golf courses in 1999. By the time of his election as United States President in 2016, he owned 17 golf courses worldwide through his holding company, the Trump Organization. Courses owned by Trump have been selected to host various PGA and LPGA events, including the upcoming 2022 PGA Championship (although the PGA terminated this in the aftermath of the 2021 United States Capitol attack). A spokesman for the Trump Organization said that "This is a breach of a binding contract and they have no right to terminate the agreement". Following his election, Trump broke precedent with recent presidents and chose not to divest from his business holdings, including his golf courses. Although not illegal, this led to criticism from ethics lawyers and journalists for potential conflicts of interest. At least three lawsuits (D.C. and Maryland v. Trump, Blumenthal v. Trump and CREW v. Trump) have been filed claiming that foreign payments at Trump golf courses and hotels violate the Emoluments Clause of the Constitution.

This is a document about Trump National Golf Club Jupiter
  The club opened in 2002 as the Ritz-Carlton Golf Club & Spa. Trump purchased the property from Ritz-Carlton in December 2012 for $5 million. Part of the purchase involved the assumption of $30 million in debt resulting from the club members’ refundable deposits. After purchasing the property, Trump was sued by former members, and eventually ordered to pay more than $5 million in February 2017. On February 11, 2017 the Golf Club was used by president Trump to host Japanese Prime Minister Shinzō Abe.

This is a document about Trump National Golf Club Westchester
  tweet—"If Obama resigns from office NOW, thereby doing a great service to the country—I will give him free lifetime golf at any one of my courses!" In 2015, the club sued the town of Ossining to lower its worth from $13.5 million to $1.4 million in order to reduce property and school taxes; local residents complained because their own taxes would rise. In 2016, the club revised its claims to $9 million, closer to the 2014 town estimate of $14.3 million. In June 2017, Trump disclosed a value of the club at over $50 million, with $9.7 million in personal income in 2016. Daniel Scavino began working

This is a document about The Trump Organization
 Trump Golf Links at Ferry Point, Bronx, New York (management only) ; Trump International Golf Club, West Palm Beach, Florida ; Trump National Doral Miami: An 800 acre resort with five golf courses, 700 hotel rooms, a spa, meeting spaces, and retail outlets. Trump bought the property out of bankruptcy in 2012 for $150 million, and has spent over $250 million on renovations. Its value has been estimated at over $1 billion, and there was a $125 million mortgage on the property. ; Trump National Golf Club, Bedminster, New Jersey ; Trump National Golf Club, Charlotte, North Carolina ; Trump National Golf Club, Colts Neck, New Jersey ; Trump National Golf Club, Hudson Valley, New York ; Trump National Golf Club, Jupiter, Florida ; Trump National Golf Club, Los Angeles ; Trump National Golf Club, Philadelphia ; Trump National Golf Club, Washington, D.C. ; Trump National Golf Club, Westchester, New York

This is a document about Trump National Golf Club Bedminster
  Donald Trump bought the 520-acre property, which included the estate of automaker John Z. De Lorean, for less than $35 million in 2002. It was previously known as Lamington Farm and the site of a foundering golf course construction project. The 36-hole club was designed by golf course architects Tom Fazio and Tom Fazio II. The first course opened in 2004. Membership in the club costs at the most $300,000 In 2005, Golf Magazine ranked it at #73 in the United States and #84 by Golf Digest for 2005 and 2006. The club hosted the wedding of Trump's daughter, Ivanka Trump, in October 2009.

This is a document about Wealth of Donald Trump
  on January 6, 2021, Trump suddenly lost a number of platforms and relationships including Twitter, Facebook, Stripe, Shopify, and a PGA Championship that was to be held at one of his golf courses. Deutsche Bank said it would no longer do business with Trump, while Signature Bank (an American company) not only began closing his accounts but also called for him to resign the presidency. New York City revoked its contracts with the Trump Organization, which include ice skating rinks and a carousel at Central Park and the Trump Golf Links at the Ferry Point golf course in the Bronx, for which it had been paying Trump $17 million per year. The real estate firm Cushman &

This is a document about Donald Trump
  The Trump Organization began acquiring and constructing golf courses in 1999. It owned 11 golf courses and resorts worldwide and managed another four. From his inauguration until the end of 2019, Trump spent around one of every five days at one of his golf clubs.

This is a document about Trump National Golf Club Jupiter
  Trump National Golf Club, Jupiter is a private golf club in Jupiter, Florida with a 7242 yd course designed by Jack Nicklaus. It is owned by Former President of the United States Donald Trump.

This is a document about Business career of Donald Trump
   The Trump Organization operates many golf courses and resorts in the United States and around the world. The number of golf courses that Trump owns or manages is about 18, according to Golfweek. Trump's personal financial disclosure with the Federal Elections Commission stated that his golf and resort revenue for the year 2015 was roughly $382 million. In 2006, Trump bought the Menie Estate in Balmedie, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, creating a golf resort against the wishes of local residents on an area designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest. A 2011 independent documentary, You've Been Trumped, by British filmmaker Anthony Baxter, chronicled the golf resort's construction and the subsequent struggles between the locals and Donald Trump. Despite Trump's promises of 6,000 jobs, in 2016, by his

This is a document about Burning Tree Club
  The initiation fee is $75,000, while membership fees are $500/month. Membership is exclusive with a cap around 600. The member list is private, and includes honoraria and retired golfers and can be achieved by invitation only.

This is a document about The Trump Organization
  which is the General Services Administration of the federal government. In September 2020, it was revealed that Trump's properties had charged the government over $1.1 million since the beginning of his presidency. At the Bedminster club, for example, the Secret Service rented a three-bedroom cottage for $17,000 per month. The Washington Post arrived at this total amount after it filed a public-records lawsuit and pieced together receipts and invoices from Trump's businesses. Political contributions were also spent at Trump properties. The total amount paid by the Trump campaign to Trump properties during his presidency is estimated at $10–17 million.

This is a document about Donald Trump and golf
  The Trump Organization operates the Trump Golf Links at Ferry Point, New York, a public golf course built and owned by New York City, under a 20-year contract awarded in 2013 by the administration of then-Mayor Bloomberg. The course opened in 2015. Under the agreement, the city paid the course's utility and water bills while collecting no income for the first four years. In the first year of operation, ending in March 2016, the company had $8 million in gross receipts, and the city paid $1 million in water and sewage bills. In the second year of operation, gross receipts dropped 9.5%. For the operating year

This is a document about Trump National Golf Club Westchester
  65th birthday was a round of golf at Trump National with Hillary and Chelsea Clinton. The golf club is Eric Trump's home course. He raises about $3 million each year in an event there for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Mariano Rivera, the New York Knicks, and the Rangers also run charity tournaments there. At one time, Donald Trump had scheduled to be there himself at least once a week. Eric Trump and his foundation received scrutiny from the press in June 2017 after it was revealed that the foundation was funneling money to the Trump Organization through its charity tournaments, held at Trump National Golf Club Westchester and other sites. A few days later, New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman was reported to be investigating Eric Trump's foundation and its events at the golf course.

This is a document about Donald Trump and golf
  to the Treasury Department, although the specifics of this arrangement remain unclear. In June 2017, the attorneys general of Maryland and the District of Columbia filed a separate lawsuit, claiming the president was "flagrantly violating" the Emoluments Clause. A 2016 investigation by USA Today found that lobbyists and corporate executives had been purchasing memberships at Trump golf courses to gain favor or contact with the president. Membership fees at Trump courses can exceed US$100,000, leading to ethical concerns over a sitting president accepting money from people lobbying the government. While campaigning to be president, Trump declared in August 2016: "I'm going to be working for you. I'm not going

This is a document about The Royal Burgess Golfing Society of Edinburgh
  and Bernard Gallacher alongside a host of royals, aristocrats and socialites. Ordinary membership costs around £1,160 per year, with corporate membership packages available from £2000pa. Junior membership is available at any age subject to assessment at only £50pa (2014) and Youth membership from 18 years is only £400pa as of 2014. The club is one of only a few in Scotland that until recently did not have women members. Women are welcome to play golf, as a guest or a visitor at any time. Partners of members can also play unlimited golf for free (with member) at weekends, in the afternoon and other times too.

This is a document about Donald Trump and golf
  was acquired through a lawsuit against Palm Beach County, Florida, after Trump's purchase of the Mar-a-Lago resort. By 2007, Trump owned 4 courses around the US. Following the financial crisis of 2007–2008, Trump began purchasing existing golf courses and re-designing them. Golf courses owned by Trump hosted the LPGA Tour finale from 2001 to 2008, as well as the 2009 US Junior Amateur and US Junior Girls Championships. In 2014, the Professional Golfers' Association of America announced a multi-year partnership with the Trump Organization. The PGA of America selected Trump golf courses to host the 2017 Senior PGA Championship and

The cost to join the Trump National Golf Club in Bedminster, New Jersey is over $300,000.


Question: who did kobe bryant beat in the finals

Answer: Boston Celtics

This is a document about Shaq–Kobe feud
  be more aggressive offensively. The Lakers ultimately entered the playoffs as the second seed, thanks to an overtime victory versus the Portland Trail Blazers on the final night of the season, due of a pair of buzzer beaters from Bryant. They defeated the Houston Rockets, the San Antonio Spurs, and the Minnesota Timberwolves before advancing to the 2004 NBA Finals, where they were considered a favorite to defeat the Detroit Pistons. However, after five games, the Lakers found themselves not only defeated but dominated by the Pistons, who won the NBA title. Winter said, "Shaq defeated himself against Detroit. He

This is a document about History of the Boston Celtics
  on the road. The 2008 NBA Finals were contested with Kobe Bryant, Pau Gasol, Lamar Odom and a Los Angeles Lakers team in the middle of a dominant playoff run. They swept the Denver Nuggets in the first round, took the Utah Jazz in the second round in six games, and extinguished the repeat hopes of the defending-champion San Antonio Spurs in five games in the Western Conference Finals. The first few games of the series started with the Celtics once again dominating at the TD Banknorth Garden, the Celtics home turf. Game 1 saw Paul Pierce come back after apparently

This is a document about 1999–2000 Los Angeles Lakers season
  the playoffs, the Lakers were pushed to the limit by the Sacramento Kings, whom they defeated in a deciding fifth game in the Western Conference First Round, before going on to defeat the Phoenix Suns in five games in the Western Conference Semi-finals. In the Western Conference Finals, they defeated a Portland Trail Blazers team featuring Rasheed Wallace, Scottie Pippen and Steve Smith in seven games, before going on to win the NBA Finals 4–2 against the Indiana Pacers, earning the franchise its 12th NBA championship. It was the Lakers' first championship since 1988. It was also Phil Jackson's seventh championship

This is a document about Shaq–Kobe feud
  California sporting goods stores, and rumors started that O'Neal was jealous, as he was with Penny Hardaway when they played together in Orlando. "That's far from the truth", said Fisher. "All Shaq wants to do is win." Asked if he helped Bryant through his growing pains, O'Neal said "I try not to help guys out too much. Experience is the best teacher ... Kobe's a great player ... He's a new, up-and-coming kid." O'Neal thought Rambis favored Bryant. Rambis asked O'Neal, the veteran team leader, to heal the rift and talk to Bryant. Rambis said O'Neal gave him a "blank, cold stare." The rift between O'Neal and Bryant continued into the playoffs. While the Lakers defeated the Houston Rockets in the first round of that year's NBA Playoffs, they were ultimately swept 4–0 by the San Antonio Spurs in the second round.

This is a document about Los Angeles Lakers
  Kobe Bryant. Before the season, the Lakers signed two-time MVP Karl Malone formerly of the Jazz, and former Seattle Defensive Player of the Year Gary Payton to join O'Neal and Bryant. Three of the "big four", however, struggled with injuries: O'Neal suffered from a strained calf, Malone an injured knee, and Bryant an injured shoulder. The Lakers started 18–3 and finished 56–26 and won the Pacific Division title, entering the playoffs as the No. 2 seed. They defeated Houston, San Antonio, and Minnesota to advance to the NBA Finals. In the Finals, they would lose to Detroit in five games.

This is a document about 1989 NBA Finals
  NBA Finals. Much had changed since they last met, but they still took on the personalities of their respective teams: the more physical, defensive Pistons against the finesse, offensively-minded Lakers. In the rematch, the underdog Pistons, led by Ben Wallace, Chauncey Billups, Richard Hamilton, Rasheed Wallace and Tayshaun Prince, and coached by Larry Brown, upset the star-studded future Hall-of-Fame Lakers team of Kobe Bryant, Shaquille O'Neal, Karl Malone and Gary Payton, and coached by Phil Jackson, in five games. Two-time NBA All-Star Isaiah Thomas was named after Isiah Thomas as a consequence of this series. The former Thomas' father, a lifelong Lakers fan, bet his son's name on his team winning the series.

This is a document about 2003–04 NBA season
  Utah Jazz did not make the playoffs, ending the third longest streak in NBA history. The Houston Rockets played their first game at the Toyota Center. They reached the playoffs for the first time since 1999 and lose to eventual Conference champions Lakers in five games marked the only playoff appearance of Steve Francis NBA career. Prior to the start of the season, Karl Malone and Gary Payton took major paycuts to leave their teams and join Kobe Bryant and Shaquille O'Neal on the Lakers for a chance at a possible NBA title. However, that title chase came to an end in the NBA Finals, as the Detroit Pistons won 4-1. The Minnesota Timberwolves, behind their "Big Three" of Kevin Garnett, Latrell Sprewell,

This is a document about Phil Jackson
  Jackson took over a talented Lakers team and immediately produced results as he had done in Chicago. In his first year in Los Angeles, the Lakers went 67–15 during the regular season to top the league. Reaching the conference finals, they eliminated the Portland Trail Blazers in a tough seven-game series and then won the 2000 NBA championship by beating the Indiana Pacers. With the talented superstar duo of Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant, the strong supporting cast of Glen Rice, Derek Fisher, Rick Fox, Devean George, A. C. Green, Robert Horry, and Brian Shaw, and the assistance of former Bulls Horace Grant,

This is a document about 2018 NBA Finals
  The 2018 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association's (NBA) 2017–18 season and conclusion of the season's playoffs. In this best-of-seven playoff, the defending NBA champion and Western Conference champion Golden State Warriors swept the defending Eastern Conference champion Cleveland Cavaliers four games to zero. The Warriors became the 7th NBA franchise to win back-to-back championships joining the Los Angeles Lakers, Boston Celtics, Detroit Pistons, Chicago Bulls, Houston Rockets, and Miami Heat. This year's Finals was the first time in any of North America's four major professional sports leagues that the same two teams met for the championship four years in a row. This was also the first time that a team was swept in the NBA Finals since 2007, in which the Cavaliers were

This is a document about Los Angeles Lakers
  in 2000. In the playoffs, they defeated the Nuggets in four games, the Jazz in six, and the defending champion Spurs in five, but lost to the Celtics in six games in the NBA Finals. In the 2008–09 season, the Lakers finished 65–17; the best record in the Western Conference. They defeated the Jazz in five games, the Rockets in seven and the Nuggets in six, to win the Western Conference title. They then won their 15th NBA championship by defeating the Orlando Magic in five games in the NBA finals. Bryant was named the NBA Finals MVP for the first time in his career. The Lakers, who

This is a document about History of the Cleveland Cavaliers
  NBA Finals with a 12–2 postseason record, including winning 10 straight games as they threatened to sweep through the Eastern Conference playoffs. The 10–0 start to the playoffs saw Lue pass Pat Riley (9–0) for the most consecutive playoff wins to start a coaching career. They defeated the Detroit Pistons in the first round to set up a Conference Finals rematch with the Atlanta Hawks. The Cavs swept the Hawks and defeated the Toronto Raptors in the Conference Finals in six games. In the NBA Finals, the Cavaliers faced a rematch with the Golden State Warriors. The Warriors, coming off an

This is a document about 2002 NBA Finals
  Bosh, made four consecutive NBA Finals appearances since 2011, won back-to-back titles in 2012 and 2013 against different teams (Oklahoma City Thunder in 2012 and San Antonio Spurs in 2013), but lost in 2014 to the Spurs, the Warriors, led by the Splash Brothers (Stephen Curry and Klay Thompson), Draymond Green, Andre Iguodala, and Kevin Durant, won back-to-back titles in 2017 and 2018 against the Cleveland Cavaliers, but ended their 3-peat journey in 2019 as they fell to the Toronto Raptors in six games. The Lakers were off to a slow start in the 2002–03 NBA season. By this time, the relationship between Kobe Bryant and Shaquille O'Neal began

This is a document about NBA Finals
  Finals. Duncan won the Finals MVP in 1999, 2003 and 2005. In 2007, Tony Parker was named MVP, becoming the first European-born player to win the award. From 2000 to 2002, the Lakers, led by Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant, won three straight NBA Championships. O'Neal won the finals MVP all three times. Their first championship came at the expense of the Indiana Pacers, whom the Lakers defeated in 6 games. During their 2001 postseason run, the Lakers swept their first 3 series and won the Finals in 5 games, finishing with an unprecedented 15–1 record, the best postseason record in NBA history

This is a document about 2000–01 Philadelphia 76ers season
  Indiana Pacers three games to one in the Eastern Conference First Round, before meeting the Vince Carter-led Toronto Raptors in the Eastern Conference Semi-finals. The series went the full seven games. In the Eastern Conference Finals, the Sixers defeated the Milwaukee Bucks, also in seven games, to advance to the NBA Finals against the defending champion Los Angeles Lakers. Iverson scored 48 in Game 1, which the Sixers won. However, the Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant led Lakers would win the next 4 games and the title. Following the season, Hill was traded along with second-year forward Jumaine Jones back to his former team, the Cleveland

This is a document about National Basketball Association criticisms and controversies
  The 2009 NBA Finals was one of the most forgettable matchups and featured the Orlando Magic and Los Angeles Lakers. It was mockingly dubbed as the 'Disney Series'. While many fans claimed that it should've been a matchup between Cleveland and the Lakers and a duel of superstars Kobe Bryant and LeBron James following the knee injury of Boston Celtics' power forward Kevin Garnett. Others believed the Magic should have won the championship instead of the Lakers, due to many calls which were claimed to have been favouring the Lakers, along with nine out of ten analysts favouring the Lakers to be the winning team, compared to only one

This is a document about Buzzer beater
  tied at 2, the Detroit Pistons were down 88–85 to the Nets with no timeouts. Chauncey Billups banked in a 3 from half-court at the buzzer to tie the game at 88. Detroit lost in 3OT, but won the series in 7 and proceeded to defeat the Lakers 4–1 in the NBA Finals. ; In Game 4 of the 2006 Western Conference First Round, Kobe Bryant made a buzzer beater to defeat Phoenix 99–98 and give the Lakers a 3–1 series lead. The Phoenix Suns, however, won the series in seven games and are the 8th team to overcome a 3–1 series

This is a document about Staples Center
 NBA Finals: ; : On June 19, 2000, the Lakers defeated the Indiana Pacers 116–111 in game 6, which took place at home, to win their twelfth championship title. This was also notable for being their first championship since. ; The Lakers hosted games 1 and 2 versus the Philadelphia 76ers ; The Lakers hosted games 1 and 2 versus the New Jersey Nets ; The Lakers hosted games 1 and 2 versus the Detroit Pistons ; The Lakers hosted games 3, 4 and 5 versus the Boston Celtics ; The Lakers hosted games 1 and 2 versus the Orlando Magic ; : On June 17, 2010, the Lakers

This is a document about Buzzer beater
  beater to tie the Portland Trail Blazers 107–all and force an overtime. ; On February 7, 2019, Rajon Rondo's game winning shot stuns his former team, the Boston Celtics, and wins it for the Los Angeles Lakers to win the game 129–128. (significance: Celtics–Lakers rivalry) ; On February 27, 2019, almost a decade after being a victim of Kobe's iconic buzzer-beating shot as #24, Dwyane Wade of the Miami Heat scored a three-point shot at the buzzer to defeat the Golden State Warriors 126–125. ; On March 24, 2019, Jeremy Lamb hits the half-court shot to stun the Kawhi Leonard-led Toronto Raptors and win

This is a document about Kobe Bryant
  pattern with yellow accents and 16 stars representing the team's 16 championships at the time. In Game 2 win against the Denver Nuggets in the Western Conference finals, Anthony Davis made a buzzer-beating 3-pointer and yelled Bryant's name, while the team was wearing the 'Black Mamba' jerseys. Following a Game 2 win in the 2020 NBA Finals, LeBron James was asked about the jerseys and had this to say: "It's always special to represent someone that meant so much, not only to the game but also to the Lakers organization for 20-plus years. For us to honor him, being on the floor, this is what it's all about."

This is a document about Lakers–Spurs rivalry
  On Saturday February 5, Kobe Bryant and the Los Angeles Lakers went to San Antonio, Texas to play the San Antonio Spurs for Bryant's final game there. The Spurs honored Kobe Bryant with a 2½ minute video while the spotlight shone on Kobe, seated on the Lakers bench. The video showed highlight plays of Bryant, and interviews with Coach Greg Popovich, Tim Duncan, Tony Parker and Manu Ginobili, the Spurs players who have faced Kobe during his entire career. The Spurs won the game 106-102 and Kobe finished the game with 25 points and converted just 9 of his 28

Kobe Bryant and the Los Angeles Lakers beat the Detroit Pistons in the NBA Finals.