Question: who is the president of international cricket council

Answer: Shashank Manohar

This is a document about Chairman of the International Cricket Council
  The Chairman of the International Cricket Council (ICC) is the highest position in the governing body of world cricket. The position was established as a honorary post in 2014 after a revamp of the management of ICC. The president heads the ICC board of directors. Formerly, the ICC president headed the ICC council but that position become a largely honorary post since the changes pushed through to the ICC constitution in 2014 handed control to the so-called 'Big Three' of English Cricket Board, Board of Control for Cricket in India and Cricket Australia. Former BCCI president N. Srinivasan became the first chairman of ICC on 26 June 2014. Shashank Manohar resigned as Chairman of the International Cricket Council (ICC) on 30 June 2020, after more than four years in the role. ICC deputy chairman Imran Khwaja was made interim chairman until an election in November. New Zealand administrator Greg Barclay was elected Chairman on 24 November 2020.

This is a document about List of International Cricket Council presidents
  Abbas served as the last president of ICC. In 2016 the position of the president of ICC was abolished. The following is a list of presidents of ICC (International Cricket Council), the international governing body of cricket. The President of the ICC was largely an honorary position since changes pushed through to the ICC constitution in 2014 handed control to the so-called 'Big Three' of England Cricket Board, Board of Control for Cricket in India and Cricket Australia. Zaheer Abbas served as the last president of ICC. In 2016, the position of the president of ICC was abolished, with the Chairman becoming an honorary position.

This is a document about Sourav Ganguly
  Sourav Chandidas Ganguly (born 8 July 1972), or Sourav Gangopadhyay (affectionately known as Dada; meaning "elder brother" in Bengali), is an Indian cricket administrator, commentator and former national cricket team captain who is the 39th and current president of the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI). He is popularly honoured as Maharaja of Indian Cricket. During his playing career, Ganguly established himself as one of the world's leading batsmen and also one of the most successful captains of the Indian national cricket team. While batting, he was especially prolific through the off side, earning himself the nickname God of the Off Side for his elegant stroke play square of the

This is a document about 2009 attack on the Sri Lanka national cricket team
  🇺🇳 United Nations – Secretary General Ban Ki Moon strongly condemned the attacks according to UN spokesman Marie Okabe. She also added that "Any attack targeting civilians, in this case athletes, is despicable and unjustifiable, and we urge authorities in Pakistan to do all in their power to find the culprits and bring them to justice." The International Cricket Council – Chief Executive Haroon Lorgat said: "We note with dismay and regret the events of this morning in Lahore and we condemn this attack without reservation. It is a source of great sadness that there have been a number of fatalities in this attack and it is also very upsetting for the wider cricket

This is a document about Asian Cricket Council
  The council was formed as the Asian Cricket Conference in New Delhi, India, on 19 September 1983, with the original members being Bangladesh, India, Malaysia, Pakistan, Singapore, and Sri Lanka. Changing its name to the present in 1995. Until 2003, the headquarters of the council were rotated biennially amongst the presidents' and secretaries' home countries. The organisation's current president is Jay Shah, who is also the Secretary of the BCCI. The council runs a development program that supports coaching, umpiring and sports medicine programs in member countries, funded from television revenues collected during the officially sanctioned Asian Cricket Council tournaments including the Asia Cup, Asian Test Championship, ACC Trophy, and various other tournaments. The current ACC headquartered in Colombo, Sri Lanka, which was officially opened on 20 August 2016.

This is a document about Shashank Manohar
  Shashank Manohar resigned from the post of chairman of the International Cricket Council (ICC) on 30 June 2020. He held this position for four years and after him, ICC deputy chairman Imran Khwaja was made interim chairman until the election.

This is a document about Shashank Manohar
  Shashank Venkatesh Manohar (शशांक व्यंकटेश मनोहर; born 29 September 1957) is a prominent Indian lawyer and cricket administrator. He twice served as the President of the Board of Control for Cricket in India, from 2008 to 2011, and from November 2015 to May 2016. He served as the chairman of the International Cricket Council from November 2015 to March 2017. On 24 March 2017, a resolution was passed to reinstate him as the chairman until a successor was elected.

This is a document about Imran Khan
  Imran Ahmed Khan Niazi (, عمران احمد خان نیازی; born 5 October 1952) is a Pakistani politician and former cricketer who is the 22nd and current prime minister of Pakistan. He is also the chairman of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI). Before entering politics, Khan was an international cricketer and captain of the Pakistan national cricket team, which he led to victory in the 1992 Cricket World Cup. He was chancellor of the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom from 2005 to 2014. Khan was born to a Pashtun family in Lahore in 1952, and graduated from Keble College, Oxford in 1975. He

This is a document about Kumar Sangakkara
  Kumar Chokshanada Sangakkara (කුමාර් චොක්ශනාද සංගක්කාර; born 27 October 1977) is a Sri Lankan cricket commentator, former professional cricketer, businessman, ICC Hall of Fame inductee, and the former president of Marylebone Cricket Club. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest batsmen and wicket-keeper in the history of the sport. He was officially rated in the top three current batsmen in the world in all three formats of the game at various stages of his international career. Sangakkara scored 28,016 runs in international cricket across all formats in a career that spanned 15 years. At retirement, he was the second-highest run-scorer in ODI cricket,

This is a document about Jagmohan Dalmiya
  Jagmohan Dalmiya (30 May 1940 – 20 September 2015) was an Indian cricket administrator and businessman from the city of Kolkata. He was the President of the Board of Control for Cricket in India as well as the Cricket Association of Bengal. He had previously served as the President of the International Cricket Council.

This is a document about Marylebone Cricket Club
  Christopherson who was appointed in 1939 and remained in situ for seven years until 1945 before he was succeeded by General Ronald Adam. In his Barclays World of Cricket essay about the MCC Presidency, E. W. Swanton said that "there is no pretence of democracy about it" and commented on how few were untitled up to the Second World War. As he said, membership of the aristocracy was a more important factor than any cricketing prowess. In the 21st century there have been MCC Presidents who as players were wholly professional: Tom Graveney, Derek Underwood, Mike Gatting and Matthew Fleming. The 2018-19 President, Anthony Wreford, nominated Kumar Sangakkara as his successor in May 2019; Sangakkara became MCC's first non-British President. Each President is required to nominate his

This is a document about Board of Control for Cricket in India
  With the surge of cricket in India, BCCI was criticised for its monopolistic practices and has suffered from corruption allegations. The Supreme Court on 30 January 2017 nominated a four-member panel Committee of Administrators:- Vinod Rai, Ramachandra Guha, Vikaram Limaye and Diana Edulji to look after the administration of the BCCI in order to implement Lodha Committee reforms. Vinod Rai, ex-CAG of India heads the four members panel to look after the administrative duties of the board until the fresh elections are called. Presently, Sourav Ganguly is the president of BCCI. On 9 August 2019, the BCCI agreed to adhere to the anti-doping mechanisms governed by the National Anti-Doping Agency. Sunil Joshi, former Indian cricket team spinner was named as Chairman of the national selection panel by the Cricket Advisory Committee (CAC) of BCCI replacing M. S. K. Prasad in that role.

This is a document about David Morgan (cricket administrator)
  Frederick David Morgan  (born 6 October 1937) is a cricket administrator who is the former president of the International Cricket Council. He had previously held positions as chairman of the England and Wales Cricket Board and Glamorgan County Cricket Club. Morgan was born in Tredegar. In 1993 he succeeded Tony Lewis as Chairman of Glamorgan County Cricket Club, a position he held until 1997 when he joined the ECB board as deputy chairman to Lord MacLaurin. After MacLaurin stood down from the role in 2002, Morgan stood for election. In October 2002 he was elected the new chairman, gaining 11 votes to the eight of

This is a document about International Cricket Council
  as the first chairman of the council. The role of ICC president has become a largely honorary position since the establishment of the chairman role and other changes were made to the ICC constitution in 2014. It has been claimed that the 2014 changes have handed control to the so-called 'Big Three' nations of England, India and Australia. The last ICC president was Zaheer Abbas, who was appointed in June 2015 following the resignation of Mustafa Kamal in April 2015. When the post of ICC president was abolished in April 2016, Shashank Manohar, who replaced Srinivasan in October 2015, became the first independent elected chairman of the ICC.

This is a document about Dave Richardson (South African cricketer)
  David John Richardson (born 16 September 1959) is a South African former cricketer and the former CEO of the International Cricket Council.

This is a document about Chance to Shine
  By 2015, over 2.5 million children had participated, at 11,000 state schools. The successor programme to 2020 aims to reach another 1 million children, with a budget of £25 million. The President of the programme is Mervyn King, former Governor of the Bank of England, with vice presidents including Duncan Fearnley, Lord Ian MacLaurin, Lord Bill Morris, Mark Nicholas, Lord Swraj Paul and Sir Tim Rice. The chief executive of the Cricket Foundation was former first-class cricketer Wasim Khan. Khan moved to Leicester County Cricket Club in 2014, and was replaced as chief executive by Luke Swanson. As of 2016, the trustees of the charity include Donald Brydon (chairman since 2014), Danny Alexander, Charlotte Edwards, and Tim O'Gorman.

This is a document about Alan Isaac
  A left-handed batsman, Isaac represented Wellington at age-group level, and captained the Wellington second team for three years. However, it has been as a cricket administrator that he has gained prominence. He became president of New Zealand Cricket in 2008, and succeeded Sharad Pawar, former president of the Board of Control for Cricket in India, as president of the International Cricket Council in 2012.

This is a document about Eden Gardens
  Eden Gardens stands have been named after prominent local cricketers and soldiers. On 22 January 2017, 2 stands were named after Indian cricketers - Sourav Ganguly and Pankaj Roy while 2 more were after cricket administrators - BN Dutt (BCCI President 1988-1990) and Jagmohan Dalmiya (BCCI President 2001–04, 2013 - interim, 2015). Dalmiya served as ICC President from 1997 to 2000. On 27 April 2017, 4 stands were named after Indian soldiers - Colonel Neelakantan Jayachandran Nair, Havildar Hangpan Dada, Lieutenant Colonel Dhan Singh Thapa and Subedar Joginder Singh Sahnan. LC Thapa and Subedar Singh are Param Vir Chakra awardees - the highest wartime military decoration in India while Col Nair and Havildar Dada are Ashok Chakra - the highest peacetime military decoration.

This is a document about Ehsan Mani
  Ehsan Mani (Urdu: ; born 23 March 1945) is a Pakistani chartered accountant who is the former president of International Cricket Council (ICC) and former Chairman of Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB).

This is a document about International Cricket Council
  sanctioned Test matches, One Day Internationals and Twenty20 Internationals. It promulgates the ICC Code of Conduct, which sets professional standards of discipline for international cricket, and also co-ordinates action against corruption and match-fixing through its Anti-Corruption and Security Unit (ACSU). The ICC does not control bilateral fixtures between member countries (which include all Test matches), and neither does it govern domestic cricket within member countries. It does not make or alter the laws of the game, which have remained under the governance of the Marylebone Cricket Club since 1788. The Chairman heads the board of directors and on 26 June 2014, Narayanaswami Srinivasan, the former president of BCCI, was

The current president of the International Cricket Council is Greg Barclay. He was elected on 24 November 2020.


Question: who had a hit with house of the rising sun

Answer: the Animals

This is a document about The House of the Rising Sun
  "House of the Rising Sun" was a trans-Atlantic hit: after reaching the top of the UK pop singles chart in July 1964, it topped the US pop singles chart two months later, on September 5, 1964, where it stayed for three weeks. Many cite this as the first true classic rock song, and became the first British Invasion number one unconnected with the Beatles. It was the group's breakthrough hit in both countries and became their signature song. The song was also a hit in Ireland twice, peaking at No. 10 upon its initial release in 1964 and later reaching a brand new peak of No. 5 when reissued in 1982. According to John Steel, Bob Dylan told

This is a document about The Animals
  House of the Rising Sun" was released. Burdon's howling vocals and the dramatic arrangement, featuring Price's haunting organ riffs, created perhaps the first folk-rock hit. Debate continues regarding the Animals' inspiration for the arrangement, which has been variously ascribed to prior versions by Bob Dylan, folk singer Dave Van Ronk, blues singer Josh White (who recorded it twice in 1944 and 1949) and singer/pianist Nina Simone (who recorded it in 1962 for Nina at the Village Gate). The intense arrangement is said to owe much to the band's desire to become the most memorable of the many acts on tour in

This is a document about Bread and Butter (song)
 Billboard Hot 100 (12 weeks, entered August 15): Reached No. 2 (two weeks) ; Cashbox (14 weeks, entered August 8): No. 2  It was kept from the No. 1 spot by both: "The House of the Rising Sun" by The Animals and "Oh, Pretty Woman" by Roy Orbison. The song reached No. 15 in the UK Singles Chart and No. 8 in Australia. It sold over one million copies in the United States, attaining a gold disc.

This is a document about The House of the Rising Sun
  "The House of the Rising Sun" is a traditional folk song, sometimes called "Rising Sun Blues". It tells of a person's life gone wrong in the city of New Orleans. Many versions also urge a sibling or parents and children to avoid the same fate. The most successful commercial version, recorded in 1964 by the British rock band The Animals, was a number one hit on the UK Singles Chart and in the US and Canada. As a traditional folk song recorded by an electric rock band, it has been described as the "first folk rock hit". The song was first collected in Appalachia in the 1930s, but probably has its roots in traditional English folk song. It is listed as number 6393 in the Roud Folk Song Index.

This is a document about House of the Rising Sun (Lost)
  native speakers. The episode title is a reference to the song "The House of the Rising Sun", popularized by English rock group The Animals in 1964. It was the first episode to reveal the backstory of Sun and Jin, with the former being the focus of the episode's flashbacks. Yunjin Kim felt the initial way in which Sun and Jin were portrayed represented an "outdated" depiction of a Korean relationship; she and others in the Korean community worried that this would affect perceptions of Koreans, due to that race's lack of exposure in the American media. The two actors discussed "potentially negative feedback" with the producers early in

This is a document about Lynne Randell
  Randell's 15th birthday on 14 December 1964, West held a party in Malvern and invited local radio DJs including Stan Rofe. The Spinning Wheels backed Randell as she sang "House of the Rising Sun" and John Lee Hooker's "Boom Boom". She cut a demo in a dining room and Rofe played it on his radio show. Randell left school and was signed to EMI in 1965, her first single "I'll Come Running Over" (cover of a Lulu song) was released in February on its HMV label and became a No. 11 hit in Melbourne. She appeared on television to promote her single

This is a document about The House of the Rising Sun
  was reported in the issue of Billboard dated May 30, 1970. The Frijid Pink single of "House of the Rising Sun" would give the song its most widespread international success, with top 10 status reached in Austria (number three), Belgium (Flemish region, number six), Canada (number three), Denmark (number three), Germany (two weeks at number one), Greece, Ireland (number seven), Israel (number four), the Netherlands (number three), Norway (seven weeks at number one), Poland (number two), Sweden (number six), Switzerland (number two), and the UK (number four). The single also charted in Australia (number 14), France (number 36), and Italy (number 54).

This is a document about Folk rock
  "The House of the Rising Sun" in the U.S. in August 1964. The song reached number 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart and stayed there for three weeks, selling over a million copies in just five weeks in the U.S. The band's arrangement of "The House of the Rising Sun", which transmuted the song from an acoustic folk lament to a full-bore electric rock song, would go on to influence many folk rock acts but none more so than Dylan himself, who cited it as a key factor in his decision to record and perform with an electric rock band in 1965.

This is a document about The House of the Rising Sun
  "House of Rising Sun" was said to have been known by American miners in 1905. The oldest published version of the lyrics is that printed by Robert Winslow Gordon in 1925, in a column titled "Old Songs That Men Have Sung" in Adventure magazine. The lyrics of that version begin: There is a house in New Orleans, it's called the Rising Sun It's been the ruin of many poor girl Great God, and I for one. The oldest known recording of the song, under the title "Rising Sun Blues", is by Appalachian artists Clarence "Tom" Ashley and Gwen Foster, who recorded it on September 6, 1933, on the Vocalion label (02576). Ashley said he had learned it from

This is a document about The House of the Rising Sun
  An interview with Eric Burdon revealed that he first heard the song in a club in Newcastle, England, where it was sung by the Northumbrian folk singer Johnny Handle. The Animals were on tour with Chuck Berry and chose it because they wanted something distinctive to sing. The Animals had begun featuring their arrangement of "The House of the Rising Sun" during a joint concert tour with Chuck Berry, using it as their closing number to differentiate themselves from acts that always closed with straight rockers. It got a tremendous reaction from the audience, convincing initially reluctant producer Mickie Most that it had hit potential, and between tour stops the group went to a small recording studio on Kingsway in London to capture it.

This is a document about The House of the Rising Sun
  with this one". Frijid Pink's "House of the Rising Sun" debuted at number 29 on the WKNR hit parade dated January 6, 1970, and broke nationally after some seven weeks—during which the track was re-serviced to radio three times—with a number 73 debut on the Hot 100 in Billboard dated February 27, 1970 (number 97 Canada 1970/01/31) with a subsequent three-week ascent to the top 30 en route to a Hot 100 peak of number seven on April 4, 1970. The certification of the Frijid Pink single "House of the Rising Sun" as a gold record for domestic sales of one million

This is a document about Frijid Pink
  of "House of the Rising Sun," reached the Top Ten on the US Billboard Hot 100 in the spring of 1970. This disc sold over one million copies, thereby receiving a gold disc. The track also peaked at No. 4 in the UK Singles Chart and No. 3 in the Canadian RPM Magazine charts. The song was a "filler," using up time at the end of a recording session. The band was popular in their native Detroit area. A fledgling Led Zeppelin once opened for them at Detroit's Grande Ballroom. Frijid Pink often shared billing with the likes of the MC5, the

This is a document about Cover version
  known version, and especially so following its appearance in the 1990 film Ghost. "House of the Rising Sun" has hundreds of versions and in many genres such as folk, blues rock and punk as well as dance and dubstep. Director Baz Luhrmann has contemporized and stylized older songs for use in his films. New or cover versions such as John Paul Young's "Love Is in the Air" occur in Strictly Ballroom, Candi Staton's "Young Hearts Run Free" appear in Romeo + Juliet, and adaptations of artists such as Nat King Cole, Nirvana, Kiss, Elton John, Thelma Houston, Marilyn Monroe, Madonna, T. Rex,

This is a document about The House of the Rising Sun
  The song was recorded in just one take on May 18, 1964, and it starts with a now-famous electric guitar A minor chord arpeggio by Hilton Valentine. According to Valentine, he simply took Dylan's chord sequence and played it as an arpeggio. The performance takes off with Burdon's lead vocal, which has been variously described as "howling", "soulful", and as "...deep and gravelly as the north-east English coal town of Newcastle that spawned him". Finally, Alan Price's pulsating organ part (played on a Vox Continental) completes the sound. Burdon later said, "We were looking for a song that would grab people's attention". As recorded, "The House of the Rising Sun" ran

This is a document about Mickie Most
  Becoming tired of touring clubs, Most decided to concentrate on other aspects of the music industry. His first job was selling records in stores and displaying them on racks (later inspiration for his record label, RAK) before finding a niche with production for Columbia Records. After spotting The Animals at Newcastle's Club A-Go-Go, he offered to produce their first single, "Baby Let Me Take You Home", which reached No. 21 in the UK Singles Chart. Their follow-up 1964 single, "The House of the Rising Sun", became an international hit. Most had success with Herman's Hermits after being approached by their manager

This is a document about Holly Johnson
  the song at the opening of Life Ball 2011 in Vienna. In an interview at the Q Awards, Johnson announced plans for an album of new material. In 2010, Johnson performed "Americanos" on German TV, and "Relax" on French TV. During February 2011, Johnson joined Jools Holland and his band for a version of the Animals' "The House of the Rising Sun" song, a track that Johnson covered on his Soulstream album. In August 2011, he performed a full set live at the Rewind Festival, using a mix of Frankie Goes to Hollywood songs together with some of his solo hits

This is a document about Dave Van Ronk
  a friend to many up-and-coming artists by inspiring, assisting, and promoting them. Folk performers he befriended include Bob Dylan, Tom Paxton, Patrick Sky, Phil Ochs, Ramblin' Jack Elliott, and Joni Mitchell. Dylan recorded Van Ronk's arrangement of the traditional song "House of the Rising Sun" on his first album, which the Animals turned into a chart-topping rock single in 1964, helping inaugurate the folk-rock movement. Van Ronk received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) in December 1997. He died in a New York hospital of cardiopulmonary failure while undergoing postoperative treatment for colon cancer.

This is a document about John Otway
  reach number nine in the UK Singles Chart on 6 October, and earned Otway an appearance on Top of the Pops, BBC Television's flagship popular music programme. To encourage fans to buy more than one copy each of the single, he released three different versions. The flip-side of "Bunsen Burner – The Hit Mix" was a cover of "The House of the Rising Sun" recorded at Abbey Road Studios and featuring 900 of his fans on backing vocals, each of whom was credited by name on the single's sleeve. Thanks to this second hit he has now been able to release his Greatest

This is a document about Seven Ages of Rock
  blues musician. A new wave of British bands were now emerging. The Kinks produced an electrified gritty sound expanding musical possibilities. Inspired by them, The Who combined a macho image, pop art and fast driven rock. In 1965, year zero of rock, the Who released a song that the program postulates defined the era, "My Generation", and was incredibly innovative in both its sound and rebellious message. The Animals had first opened the path for these bands with the reimagining of "the House of the Rising Sun", which they came across when it was covered by Bob Dylan from the New York City folk scene. He now took inspiration from these

This is a document about Nina Simone
  was "Ain't Got No, I Got Life", a medley from the musical Hair from the album 'Nuff Said! (1968) that became a surprise hit for Simone, reaching number 2 on the UK Singles Chart and introducing her to a younger audience. In 2006, it returned to the UK Top 30 in a remixed version by Groovefinder. The following single, a rendition of the Bee Gees' "To Love Somebody", also reached the UK Top 10 in 1969. "The House of the Rising Sun" was featured on Nina Simone Sings the Blues in 1967, but Simone had recorded the song in 1961 and it was featured on Nina at the Village Gate (1962).

The Animals had a hit with "The House of the Rising Sun" in 1964, reaching number one on the UK Singles Chart and number two on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart.


Question: who produced cloudy with a chance of meatballs

Answer: Sony Pictures Animation

This is a document about Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (TV series)
  Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (also called Cloudy: The Series ) is an animated television series produced by DHX Media and Sony Pictures Animation in association with Corus Entertainment for Cartoon Network and YTV. Based on the children's book and the film series of the same name, Cloudy is the first television series to be produced by Sony Pictures Animation and was animated using Toon Boom Harmony. The series officially premiered in the United States on March 6, 2017 on Cartoon Network, with a sneak peek airing on February 20, 2017. After an unsuccessful run, the show moved to Boomerang's SVOD service, where it debuted on January 11, 2018. In Canada, the series was originally planned to air on Teletoon, but instead premiered on YTV on April 6, 2017. On February 2, 2018, DHX Media announced the series has been picked up for a second season. The entire first season is available on Netflix in the United Kingdom and in the United States. On January 24, 2020, the show was removed on Boomerang's streaming service app.

This is a document about Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2
  Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2 is a 2013 American computer-animated science fiction comedy film produced by Columbia Pictures and Sony Pictures Animation, animated by Sony Pictures Imageworks, and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing. The sequel to 2009's Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs, the film was directed by Cody Cameron and Kris Pearn with Phil Lord and Christopher Miller returning as executive producers. Bill Hader, Anna Faris, James Caan, Andy Samberg, Neil Patrick Harris, and Benjamin Bratt reprise their roles from the first film, while Will Forte, who voiced Joseph Towne in the first film, voices Chester V. in this film. New cast members include Kristen Schaal as Chester's orangutan assistant, Barb, and Terry Crews as Earl Devereaux, replacing Mr. T. The film's plot focuses on Flint Lockwood and his friends returning to Swallow Falls to save the world after the presumed-destroyed FLDSMDFR reactivates, this time creating sentient food creatures. Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2 was released in the United States on September 27, 2013, and grossed over $274 million worldwide against its budget of $78 million. The film received generally positive reviews from critics, though it was deemed inferior to its predecessor.

This is a document about Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film)
  Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs is a 2009 American computer-animated science fiction comedy film produced by Sony Pictures Animation and loosely based on the 1978 children's book of the same name by Judi and Ron Barrett. The film was written and directed by Phil Lord and Christopher Miller in their directorial debuts, and features the voices of Bill Hader, Anna Faris, James Caan, Andy Samberg, Bruce Campbell, Mr. T, Benjamin Bratt, and Neil Patrick Harris. The film centers around an aspiring inventor named Flint Lockwood who develops, following a series of failed experiments, a machine that can convert water into food. After the machine gains sentience and begins to develop food storms, Flint must stop it in order to save the world. The film premiered

This is a document about Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (franchise)
  Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs is a media franchise produced by Sony Pictures Animation and loosely based on the book of the same name by Judi Barrett. The films have received generally positive reviews from critics. The series has grossed $517 million at the box office.

This is a document about Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film)
  On May 9, 2003, a year after establishment, Sony Pictures Animation announced its first animated slate, including Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs, a film adaptation of the book of the same name. The Brizzi brothers were brought to direct the film, with Wayne Rice adapting the screenplay. In 2006, it was reported that the film had been helmed by new directors and writers, Phil Lord and Christopher Miller. Lord and Miller said later that year that it would be a homage to, and a parody of, disaster films such as Twister, Armageddon, The Core, and The Day After Tomorrow.

This is a document about Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film)
  Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs is the soundtrack to the film of the same name, released under Sony Pictures Entertainment on September 15, 2009. The music of the film and this album are both credited to be composed and produced by American composer Mark Mothersbaugh of Devo. "Raining Sunshine", performed by Miranda Cosgrove, was released as a promotional single on August 24, 2009.

This is a document about Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (franchise)
  On October 9, 2014, DHX Media announced that it would develop and produce a television series based on the film franchise, titled Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs, released on March 6, 2017 in the United States and April 6 of the same year in Canada. The series is traditionally animated and consists of 26 22-minute episodes. It takes place before the first film, showing Flint Lockwood as a high school student who dreams to become a serious scientist. In his adventures, he is joined by Sam Sparks, a new girl in town and the school's "wannabe" reporter, along with Flint's dad Tim, Steve the Monkey, Manny as the head of the school's audiovisual club, Earl as a school gym teacher, Brent as a baby wear model, and mayor Shelbourne. DHX Media handles the global television and non-US home entertainment distribution, along with worldwide merchandising rights, while Sony distributes home entertainment in the US. Commissioned by Teletoon in Canada, the series airs on Cartoon Network in the United States, and on the Boomerang channel in other territories.

This is a document about The Lego Movie
  Dan Lin conceived of the idea for the film and began discussing it with Roy Lee before leaving Warner Bros. to form his own production company, Lin Pictures, in 2008. Meanwhile, Warner Bros. home entertainment executive Kevin Tsujihara, who had recognized the value of the Lego franchise by engineering the studio's purchase of Lego video game licensee Traveller's Tales in 2007, thought the success of the Lego-based video games indicated a Lego-based film was a good idea, and reportedly "championed" the development of the film. By August 2009, Dan and Kevin Hageman were writing the script described as "action adventure set in a Lego world". Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (2009) directors Phil Lord and Christopher Miller were in talks in June 2010 to write and direct the film. Warner Bros. green-lit the

This is a document about Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film)
  On October 9, 2014, DHX Media announced that it will develop and produce a television series based on the film franchise, titled Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs: The Series. The series will be traditionally animated and will consist of twenty-six 22-minute episodes. It will take place before the first film, showing Flint Lockwood as a high school student who dreams of becoming a serious scientist. In his adventures, he will be joined by Sam Sparks, a new girl in town and the school's "wannabe" reporter, along with Flint's dad Tim, Steve the Monkey, Manny as the head of the school's audiovisual club, Earl as a school gym teacher, Brent as a baby wear model, and mayor Shelbourne. DHX Media will handle the global television and non-US home entertainment distribution, along with worldwide merchandising rights, while Sony will distribute home entertainment in the US. Commissioned by Teletoon in Canada, the series will air on Cartoon Network in the United States, and on the Boomerang channel in other territories. None of the original cast returned for the show and are replaced by Canadian voice actors.

This is a document about Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film)
  Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs premiered on September 12, 2009, at the Mann Village Theatre in Los Angeles, California. The film had its wide release on September 18, 2009, along with a digitally re-mastered release to IMAX 3D theatres.

This is a document about Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film)
  Los Angeles on September 12, 2009, and was released in the United States six days later on September 18 by Sony Pictures Releasing under its Columbia Pictures label. It earned over $243 million worldwide on a budget of $100 million at the box office. The film received generally positive reviews from critics, who praised its colorful visuals, humor, characterizations, and voice acting, while the simple character designs and plot were said to be unfitting. The film has since been expanded into a franchise, with a sequel, Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2, released on September 27, 2013, as well as an animated television series based on the film that premiered on Cartoon Network on February 20, 2017, with none of the original cast returning.

This is a document about Open Season 3
  The film was animated at Reel FX Creative Studios, which also did animation for Open Season 2 along with Sony Pictures Imageworks. A teaser trailer for the film was released on January 5, 2010, on the Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs DVD.

This is a document about Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film)
  Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs earned a total of $243 million on a reported budget of $100 million. Of the gross, 51%, or $124,870,275, came from the domestic market, while the rest, $118,135,851, from other territories. For the film's marketing, Sony spent $43.3 million in the United States, and $26 million in other countries. The film earned $8,137,358 on its opening Friday, and ranked #1 at the box office with a total of $30.3 million for the first weekend. On its second weekend, it remained at #1 with a decrease of only 17%. Documents from the Sony Pictures hack revealed the film turned a profit of $6 million.

This is a document about Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs
  Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs is a children's book written by Judi Barrett and illustrated by Ron Barrett. It was first published in 1978 by Atheneum Books, followed by a 1982 trade paperback edition from sister company Aladdin Paperbacks. It is now published by Simon & Schuster. Based on a 2007 online poll, the National Education Association listed the book as one of its "Teachers' Top 100 Books for Children". It was one of the "Top 100 Picture Books" of all time in a 2012 poll by School Library Journal. A sequel, Pickles to Pittsburgh, was published in 1997 by Atheneum Books; a hardcover edition followed in 2009. A second sequel, Planet of the Pies, was published on August 27, 2013.

This is a document about Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film)
  A sequel, titled Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2, was released on September 27, 2013. Directed by Cody Cameron and Kris Pearn, and it is based on an original idea, where Flint and his friends must again save the world from his food machine, which survived the explosion in the prequel. This time, the machine gains the ability to produce living food beasts. Most of the main cast reprised their roles, but Earl, the town cop, was voiced by Terry Crews since Mr. T declined to return. New cast also includes Kristen Schaal as orangutan Barb, and Will Forte in his new role of Chester V.

This is a document about Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2
  Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2 grossed $119.8 million in North America, and $154.5 million in other countries, for a worldwide total of $274.3 million. Its budget was reported at $78 million, while Sony spent $48.2 million for the film's marketing in the United States, and $41.3 million in other countries. In North America, the film earned $9.3 million on its opening day, and opened to number one in its first weekend, with $34 million. In its second weekend, the film dropped to number two, grossing an additional $21 million. In its third weekend, the film dropped to number three, grossing $13.8 million. In its fourth weekend, the film dropped to number five, grossing $9.7 million.

This is a document about Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2
   Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2 was originally scheduled for release on December 20, 2013, then pushed to February 7, 2014, before moving up to September 27, 2013. In promotional events before the film's release, Sony Pictures Animation partnered with some produce companies to provide more than 200,000 lb of produce for Feeding America's action to help children and families in need. Several food-packing events across the country were organized, with Anna Faris and Will Forte attending the main one in Los Angeles. Sony teamed up with marketing partners in the United States to promote the film through Subway Kids Meals with a set of 6 customized bags.

This is a document about Masashi Sugawara
 Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (Manny)

This is a document about Johnny Darrell (director)
  Johnny Darrell is a Canadian television director and writer. He is most noted for his work on the television series Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs, for which he and Andrew Duncan received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Direction in an Animated Program or Series at the 6th Canadian Screen Awards in 2018, and as a cowriter with Duncan and Loretta Todd of the screenplay for the film Monkey Beach, for which they received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Adapted Screenplay at the 9th Canadian Screen Awards in 2021. His other credits have included work on the television series Storm Hawks, League of Super Evil, Hot Wheels Battle Force 5, Slugterra and StarBeam.

This is a document about List of Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs episodes
  The following is a list of episodes from the series Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs.

Sony Pictures Animation produced the Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs film series.


Question: who played carol in the first episode of friends

Answer: Barone

This is a document about Ross Geller
  Carol (Anita Barone for the pilot episode, Jane Sibbett thereafter) is Ross's first wife and the mother of his son Ben. In the very first episode, Carol has just moved out of their apartment after coming out of the closet as a lesbian and leaving Ross for a woman named Susan Bunch, whom she later marries. In the early days, however, Ross and Carol seemed to have had a very passionate relationship. Carol is the only woman he's ever had sex with (and hence lost his virginity to) at the start of the series. It is also revealed they shared a steamy session at Disneyland behind the "Dutch children" in It's a Small World, which got them a lifetime ban

This is a document about List of The Brady Bunch characters
  Carol Ann Brady – f/k/a Carol Martin, née Carol Ann Tyler (top center), portrayed by Florence Henderson in the TV series and Shelley Long in movies, is the wife of Mike Brady. At the beginning of the pilot, her last name is Martin from her first marriage, during which she had had three daughters. She gains three stepsons when she marries Mike Brady. Carol enjoys singing in the church choir, and with her daughter Marcia in the high school Family Frolic Talent Show. In the episode "A Fistful of Reasons", in which Cindy is bullied because of her lisp, Carol confesses that she too overcame

This is a document about Joyce Van Patten
  on the WB sitcom Unhappily Ever After. In 2005, she played Carol Prudy, Susan Mayer's stepmother, on two episodes of Desperate Housewives. Her film credits include I Love You, Alice B. Toklas (1968), The Trouble with Girls (1969), Pussycat, Pussycat, I Love You (1970), Making It (1971), Something Big (1971), Bone (1972), Thumb Tripping (1972), Mame (1974), The Manchu Eagle Murder Caper Mystery (1975), The Bad News Bears (1976), Mikey and Nicky (1976), The Falcon and the Snowman (1985), St. Elmo's Fire (1985), Billy Galvin (1986), Blind Date (1987), Monkey Shines (1988), Grown Ups (2010), This Must Be the Place (2011), and God's Pocket (2014). In 2018 she appeared in the short film The Rest

This is a document about Charlotte Lawrence (actress)
  Carol - Philbrick's Secretary - Investments (1954) TV Episode .... Carol - Philbrick's Secretary ; I Married Joan - Home Movies (1954) TV Episode - How to Win Friends (1955) TV Episode .... Violet ; Stage 7 - Emergency (1955) TV Episode .... Operator - Billy and the Bride (1955) TV Episode .... Mother ; I Love Lucy - No Children Allowed (1953) TV Episode .... Clubwoman - The Homecoming (1955) TV Episode .... Marge ; Cavalcade of America - One Day at a Time (1955) TV Episode ; Four Star Playhouse - Looking Glass House (1955) TV Episode .... Miss Downs ; Schlitz Playhouse of Stars - Moment of Triumph (1955)

This is a document about Cindy Carol
  Carol's first recorded role was as an uncredited schoolgirl in Good Morning, Miss Dove (1955). Under the name of Carol Sydes, she made a guest appearance in an episode of Medic that same year. This was followed by guest appearances in seven episodes of Leave It to Beaver in the years 1957–60, four of them in the role of Alma Hanson, the other three (one uncredited) in various other roles. Following guest appearance on My Three Sons in 1961 and The Donna Reed Show in 1962, she played the roles of Betty in the film Cape Fear and Binkie Massey in the 1962–63 CBS television series The New Loretta Young Show, which ran only for 26 weeks. In 1963, taking the new stage name of Cindy Carol, she starred as Gidget in the third and final Gidget feature film, Gidget Goes to Rome. The role had previously been played by Sandra Dee and Deborah Walley. Carol subsequently made a single guest appearance in Vacation Playhouse in 1964. Then in 1965 she appeared as Susan in the television series Never Too Young, and starred as Pandora Leaf in the James Stewart family comedy Dear Brigitte.

This is a document about Lisa Kudrow
  Lisa Valerie Kudrow (born July 30, 1963) is an American actress, comedian, writer, and producer. After making appearances in several 1980s television sitcoms, Kudrow came to international prominence in the 1990s for portraying Phoebe Buffay in the American sitcom Friends, which earned her Primetime Emmy and Screen Actors Guild awards. Kudrow also portrayed Phoebe's twin sister Ursula on both Friends and Mad About You. Kudrow has received several awards, including a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series from six nominations, two Screen Actors Guild Awards from 12 nominations, and a Golden Globe Award nomination. Her Friends character was widely popular while the series aired and was later recognized as one of the greatest

This is a document about Courteney Cox
  Courteney Bass Cox (previously Courteney Cox Arquette; born June 15, 1964) is an American actress. She gained recognition for her starring role as Monica Geller on the NBC sitcom Friends, which aired from 1994 to 2004. For her portrayal of Monica Geller in the series, she received seven Screen Actors Guild Award nominations, of which she won one. She received further recognition for starring as Gale Weathers in the horror film franchise Scream (1996–present). She also starred as Lauren Miller in the NBC sitcom Family Ties (1987–1989), Lucy Spiller in the FX drama series Dirt (2007–2008), and as Jules Cobb in the ABC/TBS sitcom

This is a document about List of Mad Men characters
  Carol McCardy (Kate Norby) works at a literary agency and is Joan Holloway's roommate in Season 1. One night, she musters the courage to confess to Joan that she has loved her since they met the first week in college, but Joan pretends to ignore her romantic advances in favor of not spoiling their friendship. She has moved out by the beginning of the Season 2 and is not referred to again.

This is a document about Christina Pickles
  Christina Pickles (born 17 February 1935) is a British-American actress. She is known for her role as Nurse Helen Rosenthal in the NBC medical drama St. Elsewhere (1982–1988), for which she received five nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series. She is also known for her recurring role as Judy Geller on the NBC sitcom Friends (1994–2003), for which she was nominated for the 1995 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series. Pickles appeared in Broadway plays in the 1960s and 1970s, including The Misanthrope (1968) and Sherlock Holmes (1975), and starred on the daytime soap operas Guiding Light (1970–1972) and Another World (1977–1979). Her film appearances include Masters of the Universe (1987), Legends of the Fall (1994), Romeo + Juliet (1996), and The Wedding Singer (1998). She won the 2018 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Actress in a Short Form Comedy or Drama Series for the Vimeo series Break a Hip.

This is a document about Carol Mansell
  Carol Ann Mansell (born October 1, 1946) is an American film and television actress, best known for her first television role: Ethel MacDoogan (aka Angel 972), the main character in the sitcom Down to Earth, running on WTBS from 1983 to 1987. After the cancellation of Down to Earth, Mansell has mainly appeared in individual television episodes. Her recurring roles include parts in Married... with Children, Seinfeld, That '70s Show, Desperate Housewives, Days of Our Lives, The King of Queens, and a 2012 episode of Justified. She also appeared in the Season 9 episode of Friends "The One in Barbados Part 1" as a fan of Joey's. Her most prominent film role is as Collette Marshall in the 2000 biopic/horror film In the Light of the Moon. Other film appearances include those in The Couch Trip and Thelma & Louise.

This is a document about Carol Channing in film and television
   Carol Channing (January 31, 1921 – January 15, 2019) was an American actress, singer, dancer, comedian, and voice artist. She won the Golden Globe Award and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance as Muzzy Van Hossmere in Thoroughly Modern Millie (1967). Other film appearances include The First Traveling Saleslady (1956) and Skidoo (1968). On television she has made many appearances as an entertainer on variety shows, from The Ed Sullivan Show in the 1950s to Hollywood Squares. She is also known for her performance as The White Queen in a 1985 production of Alice in Wonderland. On television, Channing appeared on numerous television shows beginning in the early 1950s. Her husband at the time produced the Burns and Allen comedy show, which starred George

This is a document about Betty White
  Betty Marion White Ludden (born January 17, 1922) is an American actress and comedian. A pioneer of early television and with a career spanning over nine decades, White is noted for her vast work in the entertainment industry, having been one of the first women to exert control in front of and behind the camera, as well as the first woman to produce a sitcom (Life with Elizabeth), which contributed to her being named honorary Mayor of Hollywood in 1955. She is also widely known for her roles as Sue Ann Nivens on the CBS sitcom The Mary Tyler Moore Show (1973–1977), Rose Nylund on

This is a document about List of Gossip Girl characters
 In the pilot episode, Eleanor Waldorf was portrayed by Florencia Lozano. ; In the season 2 episode Valley Girls, Carol Rhodes was portrayed by Krysten Ritter.

This is a document about List of Friends episodes
  The American sitcom Friends was created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman, and produced by Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions in association with Warner Bros. Television for NBC. The series began with the pilot episode, which was broadcast on September 22, 1994; the series finished its ten-season run on May 6, 2004, with 236 episodes. On average, they are 22–23 minutes long, for a 30-minute time slot including commercial breaks. The series narrative follows six friends living and working in New York City: Rachel Green, Monica Geller, Phoebe Buffay, Joey Tribbiani, Chandler Bing, and Ross Geller played by Jennifer Aniston, Courteney Cox, Lisa Kudrow, Matt LeBlanc, Matthew Perry, and David Schwimmer respectively. All episodes were filmed at Warner Bros. Studios in Burbank, California. The fourth season finale, "The One with

This is a document about Anita Barone
  Barone was born in St. Louis, Missouri. She earned her BFA from the University of Detroit Mercy, followed by an MFA from Wayne State University, where she was taught by director/professor Robert T. Hazzard. Barone appeared in the fourth-season Seinfeld episode "The Shoes" as Gail Cunningham, a chef who wants Elaine Benes' shoes. In the early 1990s, she was a regular cast member of Carol & Company with actress Carol Burnett. Barone also played Carol Willick, Ross Geller's ex-wife, in the character's first appearance in Friends. She left the show as she wanted to pursue a more full-time role and was replaced by Jane Sibbett. She starred on The Jeff Foxworthy Show for the first season (1995–1996) and in The War at Home from 2005

This is a document about Detroit Film Critics Society
 Cate Blanchett – Carol as Carol Aird ; Brie Larson – Room as Joy 'Ma' Newsome ; Jennifer Lawrence – Joy as Joy Mangano ; Bel Powley – The Diary of a Teenage Girl as Minnie Goetze  Saoirse Ronan – Brooklyn as Eilis Lacey

This is a document about Carol Burnett
  Carol Creighton Burnett (born April 26, 1933) is an American actress, comedian, singer and writer. She is best known for her groundbreaking comedy variety show The Carol Burnett Show, which originally aired on CBS. It was one of the first of its kind to be hosted by a woman. She has achieved success on stage, television and film in varying genres including dramatic and comedic roles. She has also appeared on various talk shows and as a panelist on game shows. Born in San Antonio, Texas. Burnett moved with her grandmother to Hollywood, where she attended Hollywood High School and eventually

This is a document about American Graffiti
  of the mold of his career as a child actor. Howard would later appear in the very similar role of Richie Cunningham on the Happy Days sitcom. Bob Balaban turned down Terry out of fear of becoming typecast, a decision he later regretted. Charles Martin Smith, who, in his first year as a professional actor, had already appeared in two feature films, including 20th Century Fox's The Culpepper Cattle Co. and four TV episodes, was eventually cast in the role. Although Cindy Williams was cast as Laurie Henderson and enjoyed working with both Lucas and Howard, the actress hoped she would get the part of Debbie Dunham, which ended up going to Candy Clark. Mackenzie Phillips, who portrays Carol, was only 12, and under California

This is a document about Gloria Loring
  Gloria Loring-Lagler (born Gloria Jean Goff; December 10, 1946) is an American singer and actress. She is known for playing Liz Chandler on Days of Our Lives for six years (1980–86). She and singer-actor Carl Anderson performed the duet "Friends and Lovers," which reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1986.

This is a document about Carol Channing
  Carol Elaine Channing (January 31, 1921 – January 15, 2019) was an American actress, singer, dancer, and comedienne, known for starring in Broadway and film musicals. Her characters usually had a fervent expressiveness and an easily identifiable voice, whether singing or for comedic effect. Channing became known for creating the lead roles in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes in 1949 and Hello, Dolly! in 1964, winning the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical for the latter. She revived both roles several times throughout her career, playing Dolly on Broadway for the final time in 1995. She was nominated for her first Tony Award in 1956 for The Vamp, followed by a nomination in 1961 for Show Girl. She received her fourth Tony Award nomination for the musical Lorelei in 1974. As a film actress, she won the Golden Globe Award and

Anita Barone played Carol in the first episode of "Friends."


Question: where must all laws dealing with money originate why

Answer: House of Representatives

This is a document about History of money
  Money emerged when the increasing complexity of transactions made it useful. The Code of Hammurabi, the best-preserved ancient law code, was created c. 1760 BC (middle chronology) in ancient Babylon. It was enacted by the sixth Babylonian king, Hammurabi. Earlier collections of laws include the code of Ur-Nammu, king of Ur (c. 2050 BC), the Code of Eshnunna (c. 1930 BC) and the code of Lipit-Ishtar of Isin (c. 1870 BC). These law codes formalized the role of money in civil society. They set amounts of interest on debt, fines for "wrongdoing", and compensation in money for various infractions of formalized law. It has long been assumed that metals, where available, were favored for use as proto-money

This is a document about Finance
   The origin of finance can be traced to the start of civilization. The earliest historical evidence of finance is dated to around 3000 BC. Banking originated in the Babylonian empire, where temples and palaces were used as safe places for the storage of valuables. Initially, the only valuable that could be deposited was grain, but cattle and precious materials were eventually included. During the same period, the Sumerian city of Uruk in Mesopotamia supported trade by lending as well as the use of interest. In Sumerian, “interest” was mas, which translates to "calf". In Greece and Egypt, the words used for interest, tokos and ms respectively, meant “to give birth”. In these cultures, interest

This is a document about Crawfurd v The Royal Bank
  The same principle of bona fide acquisition of currency was established in English law by Miller v Race (1758), though without reference to Crawfurd. Both these cases began to be cited as precedent, though there were minor differences between them; these differences were later removed by statute in 1856. The Bills of Exchange Act 1882 unified the bona fide rule across the United Kingdom. American courts have developed a similar principle, on the basis of facilitating practical commerce by obviating the need to verify the provenance of money. However, this principle does not apply to cryptocurrency, as seen in the case United States v. 50.44 Bitcoins (2016).

This is a document about Negotiable instrument
  and Germany (19th century, formalization of Exchange Law). The first mention of the use of bills of exchange in English statutes dates from 1381, under Richard II; the statute mandates the use of such instruments in England, and prohibits the future export of gold and silver specie, in any form, to settle foreign commercial transactions. English exchange law was different than continental European law because of different legal systems; the English system was adopted later in the United States. The modern emphasis on negotiability may also be traced to Lord Mansfield. Germanic Lombards documents may also have some elements of negotiability.

This is a document about Regulation
  Regulation of businesses existed in the ancient early Egyptian, Indian, Greek, and Roman civilizations. Standardized weights and measures existed to an extent in the ancient world, and gold may have operated to some degree as an international currency. In China, a national currency system existed and paper currency was invented. Sophisticated law existed in Ancient Rome. In the European Early Middle Ages, law and standardization declined with the Roman Empire, but regulation existed in the form of norms, customs, and privileges; this regulation was aided by the unified Christian identity and a sense of honor regarding contracts. Modern industrial regulation can be traced to the Railway Regulation Act 1844 in the United Kingdom, and succeeding Acts. Beginning in the late 19th and 20th centuries, much of regulation in the United States was administered and enforced by regulatory agencies which produced their own administrative law and procedures under the authority

This is a document about Banknote
  wheresoever a person may go throughout the Great Kaan's dominions he shall find these pieces of paper current, and shall be able to transact all sales and purchases of goods by means of them just as well as if they were coins of pure gold" - Marco Polo In medieval Italy and Flanders, because of the insecurity and impracticality of transporting large sums of cash over long distances, money traders started using promissory notes. In the beginning these were personally registered, but they soon became a written order to pay the amount to whoever had it in their possession. These notes are seen as a predecessor to regular banknotes by some but are mainly thought of as proto bills of exchange and

This is a document about Federalist No. 69
  While Hamilton highlights both, England and the United States' contrast, the way their currency and commerce is conducted. Based on the United States, Congress has the full authority to deal with the conduct of how interstate commerce and currency is handled. Everything pertaining to business and financial responsibilities goes through Congress. Congress is responsible for providing an outline of laws for everyone to follow. These are enforced through the executive branch (the President) and are upheld in the judicial branch. This is crucial and fundamental in the country and how it is operated because the foundations of the economy is built primarily on how the money is operated in corporations, businesses, taxes, etc. England, on the other hand, is operated similarly where the interstate commerce laws are also administered by Parliament, however, these laws aren't as enforced as the United States' Congress. Both set of laws of interstate commerce and fundamentals to the handling of currency are fairly similar in their conduct and Hamilton highlights both in Federalist Paper 69.

This is a document about Money bill
  While the United States of America is not a parliamentary democracy, the Origination Clause of the U.S. Constitution requires that all bills raising revenue originate in the House of Representatives, consistent with British constitutional practice; by convention, appropriation bills (bills that spend money) also originate in the House. Unlike in most Westminster systems, there are no limits on the Senate's ability to amend revenue bills or any requirement for the Senate to approve such bills within a certain timeframe. Both appropriations and revenue bills are often referred to as money bills to contrast them with authorization bills. The U.S. Supreme Court in United States v. Munoz-Flores (1990) held that: "A law passed in violation of the Origination Clause would thus be no more immune from judicial scrutiny because it was passed by both Houses and signed by the President than would be a law passed in violation of the First Amendment".

This is a document about Taxing and Spending Clause
  The Constitution provides in the Origination Clause that all bills for raising revenue must originate in the House of Representatives. The idea underlying the clause is that Representatives, being the most numerous branch of Congress, and most closely associated with the people, know best the economic conditions of the people they represent, and how to generate revenues for the support of government in the least burdensome manner. Additionally, Representatives are regarded the most accountable to the people, and thus are least likely to exercise the taxing power abusively or injudiciously.

This is a document about Social credit
 1) for being a form of government which has been centralizing its power for centuries, and ; 2) for claiming ownership of the money they create. Douglas criticized classical economics because many of the theories are based upon a barter economy, whereas the modern economy is a monetary one. Initially, money originated from the productive system, when cattle owners punched leather discs which represented a head of cattle. These discs could then be exchanged for corn, and the corn producers could then exchange the disc for a head of cattle at a later date. The word "pecuniary" comes from the Latin pecunia, originally and literally

This is a document about Monetary economics
  money occurred during the dramatic period of inflation in the late 15th to early 17th centuries known as the Price Revolution, during which the value of gold fell precipitously, sometimes fluctuating wildly, because of the importation of gold from the New World, primarily by Spain. At the end of this period, the first modern texts on monetary economics were beginning to appear. During the eighteenth century, the concept of banknotes became more common in Europe. David Hume referred to it as "this new invention of paper". In 1705, John Law in Scotland published Money and Trade Considered, which examined the failure of metal-based money during the previous hundred and

This is a document about Usury
  because money was invented to be an intermediary in exchange for goods, it is unjust to charge a fee to someone after giving them money. This is because transferring ownership of property implies the right to use that property for its purpose: "Accordingly if a man wanted to sell wine separately from the use of the wine, he would be selling the same thing twice, or he would be selling what does not exist, wherefore he would evidently commit a sin of injustice." Charles Eisenstein has argued that pivotal change in the English-speaking world came with lawful rights to charge interest on lent money, particularly the 1545 Act, "An Act Against Usurie" (37 Hen. VIII, c. 9) of King Henry VIII of England.

This is a document about History of economic thought
   French philosopher and priest Nicolas d'Oresme (1320–1382) wrote De origine, natura, jure et mutationibus monetarum, about the origin, nature, law, and alterations of money. It is one of the earliest manuscripts on the concept of money. His treatise argues how money or currency belongs to the public, and that the government or sovereign of the economy has no right to control the value of the currency just so that they can profit from it.

This is a document about Hawala
  The hawala system originated in India. It has existed since the 8th century between Indian, Arabic, and Muslim traders who operated alongside the Silk Road and beyond, as a protection against theft. It is believed to have arisen in the financing of long-distance trade around the emerging capital trade centers in the early medieval period. In South Asia, it appears to have developed into a fully-fledged money market instrument, which was only gradually replaced by the instruments of the formal banking system in the first half of the 20th century. "Hawala" itself influenced the development of the agency in common law and in civil laws, such as the aval in French law and the avallo in Italian law. The words aval and avallo were themselves derived from hawala. The transfer of debt, which was "not permissible under Roman

This is a document about Business ethics
  In Sharia law, followed by many Muslims, banking specifically prohibits charging interest on loans. Traditional Confucian thought discourages profit-seeking. Christianity offers the Golden Rule command, "Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them: for this is the law and the prophets." According to the article "Theory of the real economy", there is a more narrow point of view from the Christianity faith towards the relationship between ethics and religious traditions. This article stresses how Christianity is capable of establishing reliable boundaries for financial institutions. One criticism comes from Pope Benedict by describing the "damaging effects of the real economy of badly managed and largely speculative financial dealing."

This is a document about Confederate war finance
  money. The United States also issued Interest Bearing Notes during the war that were legal tender for most financial transactions. The circulation of the interest-bearing money and the convertibility of one kind of money into the other was enforced by fiat and Southern banks were threatened with a return to the gold standard if they did not cooperate. Because of the amount of Southern debt held by foreigners, to ease currency convertibility, in 1863 the Confederate Congress decided to adopt the gold standard. But convertibility was not implemented until 1879 (the 1863 law was never implemented, as it was superseded by the Coinage Act of 1873 and the end of the Confederacy).

This is a document about Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula
  money. This was the earliest known trial of an official thus accused by provincials. Previous complaints of like nature had been adjudicated by the senate or the consuls. The senate appointed the recuperatores (recuperators) to investigate extortion and maladministration by the praetors and to recover damages for provincial plaintiffs. The trials were a precursor of the standing court of recovery of property (quaestio de pecuniis repetundis) established by a Calpurnian Law of 149 BC, whose judges were transferred from the patrician aristocracy to the equestrians by Gaius Gracchus in 122 BC. Another deputation from Hispania represented 4,000 men who said that they

This is a document about History of banking
  Originally, the charging of interest, known as usury, was banned by Christian churches. This included charging a fee for the use of money, such as at a bureau de change. However over time the charging of interest became acceptable due to the changing nature of money, the term 'usury' came to be used for interest above the rate allowed by law. The notion of "Christian finance" refers to banking and financial activities which came into existence several centuries ago. Whether the activities of the Knights Templar (12th century), Mounts of Piety (appeared in 1462) or the Apostolic Chamber attached directly to the Vatican, a number of operations of a banking nature

This is a document about Money
  The word money derives from the Latin word moneta with the meaning "coin" via French monnaie. The Latin word is believed to originate from a temple of Juno, on Capitoline, one of Rome's seven hills. In the ancient world, Juno was often associated with money. The temple of Juno Moneta at Rome was the place where the mint of Ancient Rome was located. The name "Juno" may have derived from the Etruscan goddess Uni (which means "the one", "unique", "unit", "union", "united") and "Moneta" either from the Latin word "monere" (remind, warn, or instruct) or the Greek word "moneres" (alone, unique). In the Western world a prevalent term for coin-money has been specie, stemming from Latin in specie, meaning 'in kind'.

This is a document about History of banking
  The history of banking began with the first prototype banks which were the merchants of the world, who gave grain loans to farmers and traders who carried goods between cities. This was around 2000 BC in Assyria, India and Sumeria. Later, in ancient Greece and during the Roman Empire, lenders based in temples gave loans, while accepting deposits and performing the change of money. Archaeology from this period in ancient China and India also shows evidence of money lending. Many of histories position the crucial historical development of a banking system to medieval and Renaissance Italy and particularly the affluent cities of Florence, Venice and Genoa. The Bardi and Peruzzi Families dominated banking in 14th century Florence, establishing branches in many other parts of Europe. The most famous Italian bank was the Medici Bank, established by Giovanni Medici in 1397. The oldest bank still

Laws dealing with money can originate from various sources, including ancient civilizations, religious texts, and modern legal systems. In ancient civilizations, money laws were codified in the form of legal codes, such as the Code of Hammurabi. In modern legal systems, money laws are often codified in statutes and regulations. The specific origin of all money laws is not required, as long as they are consistent with established legal principles and serve the purpose of regulating financial transactions and protecting the integrity of the monetary system.


Question: movie with the song sunshine on my shoulders

Answer: Sunshine

This is a document about Sunshine on My Shoulders
  "Sunshine on My Shoulders" (sometimes titled simply "Sunshine") is a song recorded and co-written by American singer-songwriter John Denver. It was originally released as an album track on 1971's Poems, Prayers & Promises and later, as a single in 1973. It went to number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in the U.S. in early 1974.

This is a document about Sunshine (American TV series)
  Sunshine is a 1975 American television comedy-drama series starring Cliff DeYoung and Elizabeth Cheshire, about a hippie musician raising his young daughter alone after the death of his wife. The series was based on the 1973 made-for-TV movie Sunshine and DeYoung, Bill Mumy, Corey Fischer, and Meg Foster all reprised their roles from the film. The series originally ran for 13 episodes on NBC in the spring of 1975. The show's opening theme was John Denver's hit song "Sunshine on My Shoulders."

This is a document about Sunshine (1973 film)
  Sunshine is a 1973 American made-for-television docudrama, directed by Joseph Sargent and produced by George Eckstein, about a young wife and mother who dies of cancer at age 20. The film stars Cristina Raines in the lead role of Kate Hayden (Raines' first big movie role), Cliff DeYoung as Kate's husband Sam Hayden, and twins Lindsay and Sidney Greenbush as Jill, Kate and Sam's daughter, as a toddler. It originally aired on CBS as an episode of the CBS Friday Night Movie on November 9, 1973. When first aired, Sunshine was the most watched made-for-TV film in history. The film uses John Denver's song "Sunshine on My Shoulders" as a theme. The song "My Sweet Lady" from the film reached #17 on the Billboard Hot 100 Pop Chart in 1974, and #14 in Canada.

This is a document about Sunshine on My Shoulders
  A 2 1⁄2-hour made-for-television movie titled Sunshine, which aired on NBC in 1973, used the song as a theme. The movie starred Cliff DeYoung and Cristina Raines. It told the story of a young mother dying from cancer. High ratings prompted a TV series (also Sunshine) which ran for three months during the summer of 1974. The short-lived series began where the movie left off with the young widowed father (DeYoung) raising his stepdaughter (Elizabeth Cheshire). In the John Denver biographical film Take Me Home: The John Denver Story (2000) it is played when Denver (Chad Lowe) takes his new glider out for a Test flight. This final scene is based on the real life event that killed Denver in 1997. The 1996 re-recorded version is the one that is played.

This is a document about The Way We Were (Andy Williams album)
 1) "Sunshine on My Shoulders" (John Denver, Dick Kniss, Mike Taylor) - 3:11 ; 2) "The Way We Were" from The Way We Were (Alan Bergman, Marilyn Bergman, Marvin Hamlisch) - 3:18 ; 3) "The Most Beautiful Girl" (Rory Michael Bourke, Billy Sherrill, Norris Wilson) - 3:12 ; 4) "Seasons in the Sun" (Jacques Brel, Rod McKuen) - 4:41 ; 5) "If I Could Only Go Back Again" (Mike Curb, Alan Osmond) - 3:06

This is a document about Sunny (musical)
  In Sally of the Scandals (1928), the main character is in a musical production that was filmed using the chorus and sets from a production of Sunny at the Mayan Theater in Los Angeles. In the film Till the Clouds Roll By (1946), a fictionalized biography of composer Jerome Kern, two songs from the show are performed by Judy Garland as Marilyn Miller, representing a performance from "Sunny". They are "Sunny" and "Who?"

This is a document about Sunshine: Music from the Motion Picture
  Sunshine: Music from the Motion Picture is the soundtrack album for the 2007 Danny Boyle film Sunshine. It is a joint composition by the electronic band Underworld and film score composer John Murphy. Underworld has a long history of collaboration with Boyle, having been featured on the soundtracks of Boyle's Trainspotting, A Life Less Ordinary, and The Beach. Murphy composed the scores to Boyle's 28 Days Later and Millions. The Sunshine soundtrack also includes "Avenue of Hope'" a song released by I Am Kloot two years before its inclusion in the film, and "Peggy Sussed" by Underworld. These tracks are featured during the film's end credits.

This is a document about Sunshine (2007 film)
  Sunshine is a 2007 science fiction psychological thriller film directed by Danny Boyle and written by Alex Garland. Taking place in the year 2057, the story follows a group of astronauts on a dangerous mission to reignite the dying Sun. The ensemble cast features Cillian Murphy, Chris Evans, Rose Byrne, Michelle Yeoh, Cliff Curtis, Troy Garity, Hiroyuki Sanada, Benedict Wong, and Chipo Chung. The director cast a group of international actors for the film, and had the actors live together and learn about topics related to their roles, as a form of method acting. The film was a co-production between the motion picture studios of Moving Picture Company, DNA Films, UK Film Council, and Ingenious Film Partners. Theatrically, it

This is a document about Sunshine on My Shoulders
  Denver described how he wrote "Sunshine on My Shoulders": "I wrote the song in Minnesota at the time I call 'late winter, early spring'. It was a dreary day, gray and slushy. The snow was melting and it was too cold to go outside and have fun, but God, you're ready for spring. You want to get outdoors again and you're waiting for that sun to shine, and you remember how sometimes just the sun itself can make you feel good. And in that very melancholy frame of mind I wrote 'Sunshine on My Shoulders'." The song was slightly remixed for single release, with the addition of strings

This is a document about California Sun
  Sun" was eventually featured on the band's debut album Let's Have a Party. A later version was released later that year as "California Sun '65" on their second and final album, Campus Party. The song was used in the 1987 movie Good Morning, Vietnam, as well as on its soundtrack album. It was also featured in the 1991 biopic The Doors. It was also one of many California-related songs played throughout "Sunshine Plaza" in the original Disney California Adventure. and can also be heard as part of the background music loop at Disney's Typhoon Lagoon water park. Their version was also used as a promotional song for the 2010 Major League Baseball All-Star Game which took place at Angel Stadium, the home of the Los Angeles Angels.

This is a document about Sunshine (Jonathan Edwards song)
  In 1980, Juice Newton scored a Top-40 hit, peaking at #35 on the Billboard Country chart, with her version of "Sunshine". Paul Westerberg's cover is featured on the Friends TV show soundtrack. The Isley Brothers also cut a version of this song for 3 + 3. The song is featured in the 2004 film Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy and is also included on the film's soundtrack. "Sunshine" was featured in an episode of Aaron Sorkin's The Newsroom (U.S. TV series) (Season 1, Episode 7 "5/1"), where Will MacAvoy and Jim Harper perform it together at Will's party for the staff. In July 2007, the original Jonathan Edwards recording joined the list of Vietnam Era protest songs used to sell high-end consumer products when it was used as the only audio in a Jeep television spot, part of the Heritage campaign developed by the Cutwater agency. Izzy Stradlin, formerly of Guns N' Roses, recorded an acoustic version in the summer of 2016.

This is a document about Walking on Sunshine (film)
  Walking on Sunshine is a 2014 British romantic jukebox musical comedy-drama film directed by Max Giwa and Dania Pasquini. The film features covers of songs from the 1980s and was released on 27 June 2014. It is also a debut role for singer-songwriter Leona Lewis.

This is a document about Al Stillman
 The Cardinal ; Captains of the Clouds (1942) (Was uncredited, but wrote the song "Bless Em All") ; Carnival in Costa Rica (1947) (Wrote the songs "Costa Rica" and "Say Si Si") ; I'll Cry Tomorrow (1955) (Film used his song "Cui Cui," originally written for The Long, Long Trailer.) ; Lizzie (1957) (Composed the song "It's Not For Me To Say") ; The Long, Long Trailer (1954) (Composed the song "Cui Cui") ; The FBI Story (1959) (Composed the song "What Do I Care?")

This is a document about Disarmament Conference (film)
  The song Happy Days Are Here Again is featured in the film. It would later be used again in Seeing Stars and Prosperity Blues.

This is a document about The John Denver Collection
 1) "Sunshine on My Shoulders" ; 2) "Deal With The Ladies" ; 3) "Amazon (Let This Be A Voice)" ; 4) "Eclipse" ; 5) "Earth Day Every Day (Celebrate)" ; 6) "Ancient Rhymes" ; 7) "Tenderly Calling" ; 8) "Falling Leaves (The Refugees)" ; 9) "Islands" ; 10) "Children of the Universe"

This is a document about Cold Case (season 2)
  arrest, as the death of the victim was due to a vehicular accident. This is a continuation from the episode Mind Hunters where George Marks walked a free man. ; Song featured in the intro: "Sunshine On My Shoulders", by John Denver. ; Song featured in the finale: "Behind Blue Eyes", by The Who. ; During one of the flashback scenes a young George plays a 45 of John Denver's "Sunshine on My Shoulders", however this is an anachronism, as the scenes were set in November 1972, and the song would not be released until late 1973. ; Loosely based upon serial

This is a document about Water Boyy
  Here are the songs in this movie:

This is a document about 1974 in music
  w.m. Benny Andersson, Stig Anderson, Björn Ulvaeus, Neil Sedaka & Phil Cody ; "She" – w. Herbert Kretzmer m. Charles Aznavour ; "Southern Nights" – w.m. Allen Toussaint ; "Sundown" – w.m. Gordon Lightfoot ; "Sunshine on My Shoulders" – w.m. John Denver, Richard Kniss & Michael Taylor ; "Tap Your Troubles Away" – w.m. Jerry Herman from the musical Mack & Mabel ; "Time Heals Everything" – w.m. Jerry Herman. Introduced by Bernadette Peters in the musical Mack & Mabel ; "Waterloo" – w.m. Benny Andersson, Stig Anderson & Björn Ulvaeus ; "We May Never Love Like This Again" – w.m. Al Kasha & Joel Hirschorn. From the film The Towering Inferno ; "Whatever Happened to Randolph Scott" – w.m. Don Reid ; "(You're) Having My Baby" – w.m. Paul Anka ; "Gigi L'Amoroso" – Dalida ; "Anima Mia" – Dalida ; "Ta Femme" – Dalida

This is a document about List of Golden Globe Award winning films
  Give (2003) ; Some Like It Hot (1959) ; Son of Saul (2015) ; The Song of Bernadette (1943) ; Song Without End (1960) ; Sons and Lovers (1960) ; Sophie's Choice ; The Sound of Music (1965) ; Spartacus (1960) ; Spectre (2015) ; The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (1965) ; Star! (1968) ; A Star Is Born (1954) ; A Star Is Born (1976) ; Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope (1977) ; Stay Hungry (1976) ; Steel Magnolias (1989) ; Steve Jobs (2015) ; A Streetcar Named Desire (1951) ; The Stunt Man (1980) ; Suddenly, Last Summer (1959) ; Summer and Smoke (1961) ; Sunrise at Campobello (1960) ; Sunset Boulevard (1950) ; The Sunshine Boys (1975) ; Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007) ; Sweet Bird of Youth (1962) ; Syriana (2005)

This is a document about Shine On, Harvest Moon
  The song has had a long history with Hollywood movies. In 1932, animation great Dave Fleischer directed a short titled Shine On Harvest Moon. A 1938 Roy Rogers western was named after the song, as was a 1944 biographical film about Bayes and Norworth. The song has been featured in dozens of movies, including Along Came Ruth (1933) and The Great Ziegfeld (1936). Laurel and Hardy performed a song-and-dance routine (Hardy singing and both dancing) to the song in their 1939 RKO film The Flying Deuces. The song was also featured in A Tree Grows in Brooklyn (1945), The Eddy Duchin Story (1956), and Pennies from Heaven (1978). There was also a popular British 1980s comedy drama called Shine on Harvey

The movie "Sunshine" (1973) features the song "Sunshine on My Shoulders" by John Denver.


Question: who plays the girl in spider man homecoming

Answer: Zendaya

This is a document about Spider-Man: Homecoming
  Spider-Man: Homecoming is a 2017 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man, co-produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Studios, and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing. It is the second Spider-Man film reboot and the 16th film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The film was directed by Jon Watts, from a screenplay by the writing teams of Jonathan Goldstein and John Francis Daley, Watts and Christopher Ford, and Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers. Tom Holland stars as Peter Parker / Spider-Man, alongside Michael Keaton, Jon Favreau, Gwyneth Paltrow, Zendaya, Donald Glover, Jacob Batalon, Laura Harrier, Tony Revolori, Bokeem Woodbine, Tyne Daly, Marisa Tomei, and Robert Downey Jr. In Spider-Man: Homecoming, Peter Parker tries to balance high school

This is a document about Jona Xiao
  Xiao was cast in Spider-Man: Homecoming in a role that she denies was initially written for an Asian actress. Marisa Tomei, who plays Aunt May in the film, lobbied for Xiao to be cast. Her role ended up getting cut in the final film. In 2021, Xiao lent her voice to the villain Namaari as a child in Raya and the Last Dragon.

This is a document about Spider-Man in film
  Spider-Man: Homecoming was released on July 7, 2017. The film was directed by Jon Watts, from a screenplay by Jonathan M. Goldstein & John Francis Daley and Watts & Christopher Ford and Chris McKenna & Erik Sommers. Holland, Tomei, and Downey reprise their roles as Peter Parker, May Parker, and Stark, respectively, and are joined by Michael Keaton as Adrian Toomes / Vulture, Zendaya as MJ, Jacob Batalon as Ned Leeds, Laura Harrier as Liz, Tony Revolori as Flash Thompson, and Bokeem Woodbine as Herman Schultz / Shocker, who appears as a minor villain. Jon Favreau also appears as Happy Hogan, reprising his role from the Iron Man films. Production began in June 2016 in Atlanta, Georgia and ended in October. The film sees Parker two months after the events of Civil War as he anxiously awaits his next assignment from Stark while simultaneously balancing his life at Midtown High with his vigilante life as Spider-Man. His investigation of a series of highly weaponized robberies leads him to mysterious weapons trafficker Adrian Toomes, who turns out to be the father of his high school crush Liz.

This is a document about Midtown High School (comics)
 In Spider-Man: Homecoming, Midtown School of Science and Technology is introduced. Peter Parker is a sophomore and his classmates include Ned Leeds, Flash Thompson, Betty Brant, Jason Ionello, Liz Toomes, Cindy Moon, Seymour O'Reilly, Tiny McKeever, Charles Murphy, Abe Brown, Sally Avril, and a new character named Michelle (portrayed by Zendaya) whose nickname is revealed to be MJ. The school is a STEM school with many of Peter's classmates, who are usually depicted as being unenthusiastic about science, being depicted as science graduates. Faculty includes Roger Harrington (portrayed by Martin Starr; same character was seen in a brief cameo in The Incredible Hulk ); Coach Wilson (portrayed by Hannibal Buress), Mr. Cobbwell (portrayed by Tunde Adebimpe),

This is a document about Zendaya
   In December 2016, Zendaya appeared as a guest judge in the season finale of the 15th season of the reality television series Project Runway. She made her feature film debut as Michelle in the superhero film Spider-Man: Homecoming, which was released in July 2017. Zendaya wore no makeup to her screen test, a decision that was carried through in production, and "add[ed] her own embellishments to the role, such as carrying around a mug of herbal tea". The film grossed $117 million in its first weekend, ranking number one at the box office. John DeFore of The Hollywood Reporter praised her as a "scene stealer," while David

This is a document about The Amazing Spider-Man (film)
  who needed to resemble Garfield. Webb said, "I think we saw the origin of Spider-Man before but not the origin of Peter Parker." Webb felt that when you try to build the film you must build the protagonist from the ground up. That's why he wanted Parker to begin as a child. It was reported originally that the film would feature both Mary Jane Watson and Gwen Stacy as love interests, but the website The Wrap later reported that only Gwen Stacy would appear. In August 2010, the list of candidates included Lily Collins, Ophelia Lovibond, and Imogen Poots, with Teresa Palmer, Emma Roberts, and Mary Elizabeth Winstead cited by The Hollywood Reporter as "potentially in

This is a document about Spider-Man: Far From Home
  Spider-Man: Far From Home is a 2019 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man, co-produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Studios, and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing. It is the sequel to Spider-Man: Homecoming (2017) and the 23rd film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The film was directed by Jon Watts, written by Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers, and stars Tom Holland as Peter Parker / Spider-Man, alongside Samuel L. Jackson, Zendaya, Cobie Smulders, Jon Favreau, J. B. Smoove, Jacob Batalon, Martin Starr, Marisa Tomei, and Jake Gyllenhaal. In the film, Parker is recruited by Nick Fury (Jackson) and Mysterio (Gyllenhaal) to

This is a document about Bluebird (Marvel Comics)
 Sally Avril is portrayed by Isabella Amara in the MCU, and appears in Spider-Man: Homecoming (2017). Contrary to the comics, Sally is rather portly, intellectually gifted and is on the decathlon team with Peter Parker. She seemed to not care either way whether or not Peter stayed on the team. ; Amara briefly reprises her role as Sally in Avengers: Infinity War. She is seen on the bus with Peter and Ned when the latter makes a distraction (on which she and the other students watch as Ebony Maw's ship arrives) so that the former can change into Spider-Man. It is unknown what happened to her after Thanos' decimation.

This is a document about MJ (Marvel Cinematic Universe)
  According to Spider-Man: Homecoming co-screenwriter John Francis Daley, MJ was intended as a reinvention of Mary Jane Watson. While her nickname reveal was an homage to the supporting character within the comic books and other Spider-Man media, Marvel Studios president Kevin Feige confirmed she is an original Marvel Cinematic Universe character. Feige added: "Peter's had a lot of friends over the years in the comics, and a lot of schoolmates and characters he’s interacted with. It wasn't just Mary Jane Watson; it wasn't just Gwen Stacy; it wasn’t just Harry Osborn. So we were very interested in the other characters, and that’s where Liz came from and that’s where the version of the character Michelle came from." Jon Watts, director of Spider-Man: Homecoming, Spider-Man: Far From Home and Spider-Man: No Way Home, likened the character to Ally Sheedy's Allison Reynolds from The Breakfast Club (1985) and Linda Cardellini's Lindsay Weir from Freaks and Geeks (1999–2000). The character's full name is Michelle Jones-Watson, which was first revealed in Spider-Man: No Way Home. Until that point, she had been known only as Michelle, or Michelle Jones.

This is a document about MJ (Marvel Cinematic Universe)
  Michelle Jones-Watson, most commonly known as MJ, is a fictional character portrayed by Zendaya in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) film franchise, an original character within the media franchise that pays homage to Mary Jane "MJ" Watson, a recurring love interest of Spider-Man in comic books and various media. She is depicted as a smart, snarky classmate of Peter Parker in Spider-Man: Homecoming, and becomes his love interest in the sequel Spider-Man: Far From Home, a unique aspect for original characters within the MCU franchise and upon Spider-Man feature films preceding it. She returns in Spider-Man: No Way Home (2021), helping Peter, Ned and Dr. Strange to capture multiple villains that have entered their universe from the multiverse. Initially, Zendaya's role was the subject of controversy, due to the belief that an African American had been cast to portray Mary Jane Watson, though her portrayal received positive reviews after Homecoming's release as a strong female supporting cast member, additionally receiving the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in Far From Home.

This is a document about Silk (comics)
 Cindy Moon appears in live-action films set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, portrayed by Tiffany Espensen: ; She first appears in Spider-Man: Homecoming (2017) as a classmate of Peter Parker and decathlon team member. ; Cindy makes a cameo appearance in Avengers: Infinity War (2018), when Ned Leeds causes a distraction to allow Spider-Man to help the Avengers. ; Sony Pictures was developing a film based on Silk set in the Sony Pictures Universe of Marvel Characters. ; Cindy Moon / Silk was originally considered to appear in the animated film Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse (2018), but the filmmakers chose to use Peni Parker instead. Despite this, Silk will appear in a female-centered spin-off.

This is a document about Laura Harrier
  a modern version of the character. Released in 2017, Spider-Man: Homecoming was Harrier's major film debut and breakthrough, as well as a box office success, grossing over $880 million worldwide and receiving generally positive reviews. While the film brought Harrier substantial fame and established her as an actress, her performance was met with mixed reviews with some critics praising her for avoiding the damsel in distress trope and breaking barriers as the first love interest of color, while others were disappointed in her character's development and lack of screen time. Dana Schwartz of Marie Claire gave a negative review: "Liz is always reactionary; she doesn't do anything ... [she]

This is a document about Mary Jane Watson
  and have since resumed their romantic relationship. Starting from her memorable debut, Mary Jane Watson has earned a place in comic polls over the years—making her the most popular "non-powered" character in the Marvel universe and one of the best known female love interests in superhero pop culture. Kirsten Dunst portrayed the character in Sam Raimi's Spider-Man trilogy, Shailene Woodley had an uncredited silent cameo appearance as the character in the 2014 film The Amazing Spider-Man 2, Zendaya portrays a reimagined version of the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, and Zoë Kravitz voiced the character in the 2018 animated film Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse.

This is a document about Mary Jane Watson
  Mary Jane and working with Miles Morales to return to his universe, the alternate Peter becomes inspired to win his former wife back. ; In the live-action Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) films Spider-Man: Homecoming (2017), Spider-Man: Far From Home (2019) and Spider-Man: No Way Home (2021), the nickname "MJ" is used by a character named Michelle, an original character portrayed by Zendaya. Producer Kevin Feige described this as "a fun homage" to Spider-Man's past adventures and his past love. According to Spider-Man: Homecoming co-screenwriter John Francis Daley, MJ is intended to be a reinvention of Mary Jane Watson. In Spider-Man: No Way Home, her full name is revealed to be 'Michelle Jones Watson'.

This is a document about Gwen Stacy (The Amazing Spider-Man film series)
  in several television shows and cartoons based on Spider-Man. The first big-budget cinematic appearance of Gwen Stacy was in Spider-Man 3, with Bryce Dallas Howard portraying the character in a supporting role, as Mary Jane was already serving as Peter's main love interest in that trilogy. Following the cancellation of Spider-Man 4 and reboot of the Spider-Man film series, it was originally reported that both Gwen and Mary Jane would appear in the first film of the new series before Gwen was confirmed as the only one of Peter's love interests to appear. The shortlist of actresses to play the role included Lily Collins, Ophelia Lovibond, and Imogen Poots, with Teresa Palmer, Emma

This is a document about Mary Jane Watson (Sam Raimi film series)
  Actress Kirsten Dunst was cast as Mary Jane Watson for the 2002 Spider-Man film, with Mary Jane having been cemented in comics lore as Peter Parker's primary love interest by then. Before director Sam Raimi cast Dunst, he had expressed his interest in casting Alicia Witt. Dunst decided to audition after learning Tobey Maguire had been cast as Peter Parker/Spider-Man, feeling the film would have a more independent feel. Dunst earned the role a month before shooting in an audition in Berlin. In the first two films in the trilogy, Dunst wore a red wig for the part, dying part of her hair

This is a document about The Amazing Spider-Man (film)
  whom Peter mistakes for his uncle's killer. Hannah Marks portrays Missy Kallenback, a shy girl who has a crush on Peter. Kelsey Chow's brief role is simply credited as "Hot Girl" during the end credits of the film, but the actress revealed to media outlets around the time of the film's release that her character is in fact Sally Avril. Similarly, C. Thomas Howell's character is credited as "Jack's Father" at the end of the film (Jack being a boy that Spider-Man rescues on the Williamsburg Bridge) but he is referred to as Troy by one of his fellow construction workers in the

This is a document about List of awards and nominations received by Kirsten Dunst
  Kirsten Dunst is an American actress who has received numerous accolades, including a Cannes Film Festival Award, a Screen Actors Guild Award, three Satellite Awards, and two Saturn Awards, in addition to various other nominations. A child actor, Dunst first came to critical notice for her portrayal of Claudia in Interview with the Vampire (1994), which, at age 12, earned her a Golden Globe nomination for Best Supporting Actress, as well as accolades from the Chicago and Boston Societies of Film Critics. She gained further accolades for her role in Little Women, released the same year, including a Best Supporting Actress win from the Boston Society of Film Critics. Dunst went on to appear in a variety of teen films throughout the late 1990s, and garnered a mainstream resurgence for her role as Mary Jane Watson in Spider-Man (2002), as

This is a document about Spider-Man: No Way Home
  Spider-Man: No Way Home is a 2021 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man, co-produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Studios and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing. It is the sequel to Spider-Man: Homecoming (2017) and Spider-Man: Far From Home (2019), and is the 27th film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The film is directed by Jon Watts and written by Chris McKenna and Erik Sommers, and stars Tom Holland as Peter Parker / Spider-Man alongside Zendaya, Benedict Cumberbatch, Jacob Batalon, Jon Favreau, Jamie Foxx, Willem Dafoe, Alfred Molina, Benedict Wong, Tony Revolori, Marisa Tomei, Andrew Garfield, and Tobey Maguire. In the film, Parker asks Dr. Stephen Strange (Cumberbatch) to make his identity as Spider-Man a secret again with magic following its public revelation in Far

This is a document about Liz Allan
  Elizabeth "Liz" Allan, also known as Elizabeth Allan-Osborn and commonly misspelled as "Liz Allen", is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was created by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko. In the character's earliest appearances, she was a popular girl at the high school Peter Parker attends. She has been a regular supporting character in the various Spider-Man series in an on-and-off basis, and has ties to the Green Goblin and Molten Man. Laura Harrier portrayed Liz in the Marvel Cinematic Universe film Spider-Man: Homecoming (2017). This version of the character is the daughter of the Vulture.

Zendaya plays the girl, Michelle Jones, also known as MJ, in Spider-Man: Homecoming.