Question: when does the fifty shades of grey come out

Answer: 2015

This is a document about Fifty Shades Darker (film)
  Fifty Shades Darker was released on February 10, 2017, by Universal Pictures.

This is a document about E. L. James
  knows?" In August 2013, James topped the Forbes list of the highest-earning authors due to her book sales with earnings of $95m which included $5m for the film rights to Fifty Shades of Grey. On 1 June 2015 James announced the upcoming release of Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian, which was released into stores on 18 June 2015. Darker: Fifty Shades Darker as Told by Christian was released 28 November 2017. In a June 2020 blog post, James mentioned working on Freed: Fifty Shades Freed as Told by Christian. She also stated the book does not yet have a release date, but has since been announced to release on 1 June 2021.

This is a document about Fifty Shades Freed (film)
  Fifty Shades Freed was released on February 9, 2018, by Universal Pictures.

This is a document about Fifty Shades (novel series)
  A film adaptation of the book was produced by Focus Features, Michael De Luca Productions, and Trigger Street Productions, with Universal Pictures and Focus Features securing the rights to the trilogy in March 2012. Universal is also the film's distributor. Charlie Hunnam was originally cast in the role of Christian Grey alongside Dakota Johnson in the role of Anastasia Steele, but Hunnam gave up the part in October 2013, with Jamie Dornan announced for the role on 23 October. The film was released on 13 February 2015, and became an immediate success, making it to #1 at the box office with $558.5 million. However, critical reactions were generally negative. After the first film premiered at a special fan screening in New York City on 6 February 2015, director Sam Taylor-Johnson confirmed two sequels to be succeeded after the first film, with Fifty Shades Darker to be released February 10, 2017.

This is a document about Fifty Shades Freed
  Sam Taylor-Johnson, the director of the film adaptation of the first installment of the book series, Fifty Shades of Grey, confirmed on 6 February 2015 that both Fifty Shades Freed and the second book in the trilogy, Fifty Shades Darker, would also be adapted for film. In November 2015, Universal Studios announced that both films would be shot back-to-back with principal photography scheduled to commence in early 2016. The film was scheduled to be released on 9 February 2018.

This is a document about Fifty Shades of Grey (film)
  In February 2013, Universal chairman Adam Fogelson said the film "could be ready to release ... as early as next summer." The studio initially announced an August 1, 2014, release. However, in November 2013, it was pushed back to February 13, 2015, in time for Valentine's Day. Fifty Shades of Grey was first screened at the 65th Berlin International Film Festival on February 11, 2015. The film was released in 75 IMAX screens across the US on February 13, 2015.

This is a document about Fifty Shades (film series)
  Fifty Shades is a British-American film trilogy series that consists of three erotic romantic drama films, based on the Fifty Shades trilogy by English author E. L. James. It is distributed by Universal Studios and stars Dakota Johnson and Jamie Dornan as the lead roles Anastasia Steele and Christian Grey, respectively. Sam Taylor-Johnson directed the first film, and James Foley directed the second and third films. The first film, Fifty Shades of Grey, was released on February 13, 2015, while the second, Fifty Shades Darker, was released on February 10, 2017. Fifty Shades Freed, the third film, was released on February 9, 2018. Although the films were poorly received critically, the series grossed over $1.32 billion worldwide, making it the seventh highest-grossing R-rated franchise of all-time.

This is a document about Fifty Shades of Grey
  the quality of its prose generally seen as poor, while its portrayal of BDSM has been targeted for criticism from a variety of perspectives. Universal Pictures and Focus Features produced an American film adaptation, which was released on 13 February 2015, and also received unfavourable reviews, though it was a box office success. The second and third volumes of the original trilogy, Fifty Shades Darker and Fifty Shades Freed, were published in 2012. The trilogy had sold over 150 million copies worldwide by October 2017. A version of the novel from Christian's point of view, Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian, was published in June 2015 as the fourth book. Darker: Fifty Shades Darker as Told by Christian, published in November 2017, is the fifth book in the series.

This is a document about Fifty Shades of Grey (film)
  Fifty Shades of Grey is a 2015 American erotic romantic drama film directed by Sam Taylor-Johnson, with a screenplay by Kelly Marcel. The film is based on E. L. James’ 2011 novel of the same name and stars Dakota Johnson as Anastasia Steele, a college graduate who begins a sadomasochistic relationship with young business magnate Christian Grey, played by Jamie Dornan. The film premiered at the 65th Berlin International Film Festival on February 11, 2015, and was released on February 13, 2015, by Universal Pictures and Focus Features. Despite receiving generally negative reviews, it was an immediate box office success, breaking numerous box office records and earning over US$570

This is a document about Fifty Shades of Grey (film)
  In April 2015, The Hollywood Reporter reported that E. L. James' husband, Niall Leonard, was enlisted to write the script for the film's sequel. In the same month, at the 2015 Universal CinemaCon in Las Vegas, Universal announced the release dates of the sequels, with Fifty Shades Darker being released on February 10, 2017, and Fifty Shades Freed was released on February 9, 2018. However, the sequels did not see Sam Taylor-Johnson returning as director. On August 20, 2015, the U.S. House of Cards director James Foley was a frontrunner to direct the sequel. In November 2015, Universal Studios announced that both films will be shot back-to-back.

This is a document about Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian
  Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey As Told by Christian, also referred to as Grey, is a 2015 erotic romance by British author E. L. James. It is the fourth installment in the Fifty Shades series, which had its start as fanfiction. The novel was released on 18 June 2015 to coincide with the birth date of the character Christian Grey. The work's first printing run consisted of 1.25 million copies.

This is a document about Fifty Shades Freed (film)
  Fifty Shades Freed was released on digital on April 24, 2018, with a Blu-ray Disc, DVD and 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray release following on May 8, 2018.

This is a document about Jamie Dornan
  in Fifty Shades of Grey". For the film, he received nominations for Best Supporting Actor in British Independent Film Awards and Czech Lion Awards. In May 2017, it was reported that Dornan would co-star alongside Peter Dinklage, as a journalist Danny Tate, in the HBO television film My Dinner with Hervé. Shooting for the film started in June 2017, and it was released on 20 October 2018. Matthew Gilbert of The Boston Globe said: "The Danny plot is fine - nothing special really, although Dornan is excellent and manages to bring a good sense of transformation to an underwritten character".

This is a document about Jamie Dornan
  On 23 October 2013, Dornan was cast as Christian Grey in the film adaptation of Fifty Shades of Grey, replacing Charlie Hunnam. Initially announced to be released on 1 August 2014, the film was later rescheduled and released on 13 February 2015. Dornan visited a private sex dungeon as preparation for playing his sadistic character. In February 2015, it was confirmed that Dornan had signed on to reprise his role in the second and third installments of the Fifty Shades film franchise, Fifty Shades Darker, released in 2017, and Fifty Shades Freed, released in 2018. Earning approximately $1.32 billion, the franchise

This is a document about Fifty Shades (novel series)
 Original trilogy ; 1) Fifty Shades of Grey (2011) ; 2) Fifty Shades Darker (2012) ; 3) Fifty Shades Freed (2012) ; Retold by Christian series ; 1) Grey (2015) ; 2) Darker (2017) ; 3) Freed (2021)

This is a document about Fifty Shades Darker (film)
  The final installment of the trilogy was filmed back-to-back with Fifty Shades Darker and was released on February 9, 2018.

This is a document about Midnight Sun (Meyer novel)
  Death: Twilight Reimagined, the first Twilight novel gender-bent, Meyer felt comfortable to pick up writing again, but as she said to a comic-con panel in 2015: "What do you think was the top story on Yahoo the next morning? Grey." She was referring to Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian which, as the subtitle says, is a retelling of the first Fifty Shades of Grey book through the eyes of Christian Grey. "It was a literal flip the table moment for me", Meyer reportedly said. The book remained on hold. However, in May 2020, Meyer announced that the book would be released on August 4, 2020.

This is a document about Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian
  On 1 June 2015 James announced that she was in the process of writing another book in the Fifty Shades series due to popular demand from her fanbase. Later that same day she posted an image on her Instagram account that confirmed that the novel would be titled Grey, that it would be told from the perspective of Christian Grey, and that she had deliberately chosen its publication date in order to coincide with Grey's birthday. Pre-order sales for Grey have been extremely strong, which led many retailers to order large quantities of the book in order to meet release day demand.

This is a document about Fifty Shades of Grey
  Fifty Shades of Grey is a 2011 erotic romance novel by British author E. L. James. It became the first instalment in the Fifty Shades novel series that follows the deepening relationship between a college graduate, Anastasia Steele, and a young business magnate, Christian Grey. It is notable for its explicitly erotic scenes featuring elements of sexual practices involving BDSM (bondage/discipline, dominance/submission, and sadism/masochism). Originally self-published as an ebook and print-on-demand in June 2011, the publishing rights to the novel were acquired by Vintage Books in March 2012. Fifty Shades of Grey has topped best-seller lists around the world. It has been translated into 52 languages, and set a record in the United Kingdom as the fastest-selling paperback of all time. Critical reception of the book, however, has tended towards the negative,

This is a document about Fifty Shades Darker (film)
  Fifty Shades Darker is a 2017 American erotic romantic drama film directed by James Foley and written by Niall Leonard, based on E. L. James's 2012 novel of the same name. The second installment in the Fifty Shades film series and the sequel to the 2015 film Fifty Shades of Grey, it stars Dakota Johnson and Jamie Dornan as Anastasia Steele and Christian Grey, respectively, with Eric Johnson, Eloise Mumford, Bella Heathcote, Rita Ora, Luke Grimes, Victor Rasuk, Kim Basinger, and Marcia Gay Harden in supporting roles. Principal photography on Fifty Shades Darker and its sequel Fifty Shades Freed (2018) began on February 9, 2016, in Paris and Vancouver. It was released in the United States on February 10, 2017. The film grossed over $380 million worldwide against its $55 million budget, but received negative reviews for its screenplay, acting and narrative, though some of the performance received some praise. At the 38th Golden Raspberry Awards, the film received nine nominations; including Worst Picture, Worst Actor (Dornan) and Worst Actress (Johnson), and won two for Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel, and Worst Supporting Actress (Basinger).

The first Fifty Shades of Grey film was released on February 13, 2015. The second film, Fifty Shades Darker, was released on February 10, 2017, and the third film, Fifty Shades Freed, was released on February 9, 2018.


Question: when did france first come to latin america

Answer: 16th to 20th centuries

This is a document about Latin American studies
  Latin America has been studied in one way or another ever since Columbus's voyage of 1492. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, scientist explorers such as Alexander von Humboldt published extensively about the region. Towards the end of the nineteenth century and at the turn of the twentieth, within the region itself writers such as José Martí and José Enrique Rodó encouraged a consciousness of regional identity. In 1875, the International Congress of Americanists held its first meeting in Nancy, France, and has met regularly ever since, alternating between venues in Europe and in the Western hemisphere. However, unlike the scholarly organizations of the twentieth century, the ICA does not have an ongoing organization, nor is there a journal of the ICA. The creation

This is a document about Colombia–France relations
  First early contact between France and the territory of present-day Colombia took place in May 1697 during the French Raid on Cartagena which was a successful attack by the French on the fortified city of Cartagena as part of the Nine Years' War. During the early 18th century, many French explorers traveled to the Caribbean coast of Colombia and to the Gulf of Urabá. However, Colombia was not a destination of mass immigration for the French. Approximately 200 French nationals immigrated to Colombia between 1843 and 1851. During Colombia's war of Independence against Spain; many French nationals fought in the war for Colombia against Spanish forces. Soon after Independence, Colombia and France established diplomatic relations on 1 January 1830. France

This is a document about Latin America
  There is no universal agreement on the origin of the term Latin America. The concept and term came into being in the nineteenth century, following political independence of countries from Spain and Portugal. It was popularized in 1860s France during the reign of Napoleon III. The term Latin America was a part of its attempt to create a French empire in the Americas. Research has shown that the idea that a part of the Americas has a linguistic and cultural affinity with the Romance cultures as a whole can be traced back to the 1830s, in the writing of the French Saint-Simonian

This is a document about Latin America
  refers to Spanish-speaking countries; and Ibero-America, which specifically refers to both Spanish and Portuguese-speaking countries. The term is also more recent in origin. The term Latin America was first used in an 1856 conference called "Initiative of America: Idea for a Federal Congress of the Republics" (''Iniciativa de la América. Idea de un Congreso Federal de las Repúblicas''), by the Chilean politician Francisco Bilbao. The term was further popularized by French Emperor Napoleon III's government in the 1860s as Amérique latine to justify France's military involvement in the Second Mexican Empire and to include French-speaking territories in the Americas such as French Canada,

This is a document about French diaspora
  According to estimates, there are more than 8 million people with French ancestry living in Latin America, three quarters of them in Argentina. Following the independence of Latin American countries in the first decades of the 19th century, a great wave of French immigration towards the region appeared, mainly directed to the River Plate basin. It lasted until the 1960s, when the economic situation in Latin America deteriorated and military dictatorships came into power. During this period of time, Argentina and Uruguay received more than 300,000 French immigrants, appearing as the second destination for French immigration worldwide after the United States.

This is a document about Equinoctial France
  The establishment of France Équinoxiale commenced in 1612, when a French expedition departed from Cancale, Brittany, France, under the command of Daniel de la Touche, Seigneur de la Ravardière, and Admiral François de Razilly. Carrying 500 colonists, it arrived on the northern coast of what is today the Brazilian state of Maranhão. De la Ravardière had discovered the region in 1604 but the death of the king, Henry IV postponed his plans to start its colonization. The colonists soon founded a village, Saint-Louis, in honor of the French king Louis IX. This later became São Luís in Portuguese, the only Brazilian state capital founded by France. On 8 September, Capuchin friars

This is a document about French people
  The French came to Chile in the 18th century, arriving at Concepción as merchants, and in the mid-19th century to cultivate vines in the haciendas of the Central Valley, the homebase of world-famous Chilean wine. The Araucanía Region also has an important number of people of French ancestry, as the area hosted settlers arrived by the second half of the 19th century as farmers and shopkeepers. With something akin to Latin culture, the French immigrants quickly assimilated into mainstream Chilean society. From 1840 to 1940, around 25,000 Frenchmen immigrated to Chile. 80% of them were coming from Southwestern France, especially from Basses-Pyrénées (Basque country and Béarn), Gironde, Charente-Inférieure and Charente and regions situated between Gers and Dordogne. Most of French immigrants settled in the country between 1875 and 1895. Between October 1882 and December 1897, 8,413 Frenchmen settled in

This is a document about French colonization of the Americas
  The French first came to the New World as travelers seeking a route to the Pacific Ocean and wealth. Major French exploration of North America began under the rule of Francis I, King of France. In 1524, Francis sent Italian-born Giovanni da Verrazzano to explore the region between Florida and Newfoundland for a route to the Pacific Ocean. Verrazzano gave the names Francesca and Nova Gall to that land between New Spain and English Newfoundland, thus promoting French interests.

This is a document about France–Peru relations
  French sailors began visiting Peru on trade missions to Asia and would stop in Peru beginning in the 18th century. After Peru declared its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, French migrants began immigrating to Peru. By 1825, there existed a small French community of 300 people which resided in Peru. In 1826, France and Peru established diplomatic relations. By 1876, 2, 658 French nationals resided in Peru. Many of the French migrants in Peru were artisans, traders and laborers; many originating from Southern France, near the Pyrenees. During World War II, Peru remained neutral for most of the war. Peru broke diplomatic relations with Vichy France in January 1943 after Operation Torch and the Peruvian government maintained diplomatic

This is a document about Hispanic and Latino (ethnic categories)
  The term Latin America was first coined by South Americans in France in the mid-19th century and then by the French as Amérique latine, during the time of the French intervention in Mexico in the 1860s. It is a combination of the European prefix "latino-" and the New World, "America". It was used to symbolically sever Mexico's Spanish roots, while at the same time, reinforcing a notion of belonging between the two nations. The Latin race, as defined in this context, was composed of all people descending from nations who spoke Romance languages, descending from Latin. Hence, this definition would effectively include French, Italian, Corsican, Portuguese,

This is a document about State-building
  Latin America experienced a period of rapid economic growth and political stability in the late-19th century, following independence and subsequent decades of decline caused by violence, reduced state-capacity, and fiscal fragmentation. This trajectory is markedly successful relative to other post-conflict societies at the time. Latin Americans also enacted a number of liberal public policies swiftly and effectively, such as abolition of slavery (Saint-Domingue in 1793, Haiti in 1804, New Spain in 1813, Peru in 1854, Brazil in 1888), socializing property rights over land, and eliminating public monopolies, which fostered long-term stability that facilitated economic growth and established a new political economy for these new nations. The growth and stability seen in Latin America, however, did come at a high social cost

This is a document about French Guiana
  French Guiana was originally inhabited by indigenous people: Kalina, Arawak, Galibi, Palikur, Teko, Wayampi and Wayana. The French attempted to create a colony there in the 16th century in conjunction with its settlement of some Caribbean islands, such as Guadeloupe and Saint-Domingue. Prior to European colonization, the territory was originally inhabited by Native Americans, most speaking the Arawak language, of the Arawakan language family. The people identified as Lokono. The first French establishment is recorded in 1503, but France did not establish a durable presence until colonists founded Cayenne in 1643. Guiana was developed as a slave society, where planters imported Africans as enslaved labourers

This is a document about French Mexicans
  French immigration to Mexico started after Mexico became an independent country in 1821, as foreign immigration was prohibited by Spanish authorities under the colonial regime. The first wave of French immigration to Mexico occurred in the 1830s, following the country's recognition by France, with the foundation of a French colony on the Coatzacoalcos River, in the state of Veracruz. In total, 668 settlers were brought from France to populate the colony. Most of them went back to France as the project of colonization failed, but some permanently settled in Mexico. In 1833, another colony was founded in the state of Veracruz as well, under the name of Jicaltepec. A second wave of French immigration came to Mexico at the end of

This is a document about Republic
  Latin America lacked the social cohesion for such a system to function and advocated autocracy as necessary. In Mexico this autocracy briefly took the form of a monarchy in the First Mexican Empire. Due to the Peninsular War, the Portuguese court was relocated to Brazil in 1808. Brazil gained independence as a monarchy on September 7, 1822, and the Empire of Brazil lasted until 1889. In the other states various forms of autocratic republic existed until most were liberalized at the end of the 20th century. The French Second Republic was created in 1848, but abolished by Napoleon III who proclaimed himself Emperor in 1852. The French

This is a document about Haiti–Mexico relations
  Haiti was the first Latin-American nation to gain independence in 1804 from France. This result inspired several nations in the region in their struggle for independence. In 1816, Mexican General Martín Javier Mina y Larrea traveled to Haiti to gain support for Mexico's independence from Spain. Consular relations between Haiti and Mexico were established in 1882 with formal diplomatic relations being established in 1929. In 1934, a Mexican diplomatic office was opened in Port-au-Prince and in 1943 the diplomatic office was elevated to an embassy. That same year, Haiti opened an embassy in Mexico City. Between the years 1957–1986, Haiti was ruled by President François Duvalier and later by his

This is a document about Imperialism
  During the 16th century, the French colonization of the Americas began with the creation of New France. It was followed by French East India Company's trading posts in Africa and Asia in the 17th century. France had its "First colonial empire" from 1534 until 1814, including New France (Canada, Acadia, Newfoundland and Louisiana), French West Indies (Saint-Domingue, Guadeloupe, Martinique), French Guiana, Senegal (Gorée), Mascarene Islands (Mauritius Island, Réunion) and French India. Its "Second colonial empire" began with the seizure of Algiers in 1830 and came for the most part to an end with the granting of independence to Algeria in 1962. The French imperial history was marked by

This is a document about History of French Guiana
  In 1498, French Guiana was first visited by Europeans when Christopher Columbus sailed to the region on his third voyage and named it the "Land of Pariahs". In 1608, the Grand Duchy of Tuscany sent an expedition to the area in order to create an Italian colony for the commerce of Amazonian products to Renaissance Italy, but the sudden death of Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, stopped it. In 1624, the French attempted to settle in the area but were forced to abandon it in the face of hostility from the Portuguese, who viewed it as a violation of the Treaty

This is a document about Franco-Indian alliance
  France had a long presence in Northern America, starting with the establishment of New France in 1534. Acculturation and conversion were promoted, especially through the activities of the Jesuit missions in North America. But unlike the other colonial powers, France, under the guidance of Louis XIII and Cardinal Richelieu, encouraged a peaceful coexistence in New France between Natives and Colonists. Indigenous persons, converted to Catholicism, were considered as "natural Frenchmen" by the Ordonnance of 1627: "The descendants of the French who are accustomed to this country [New France], together with all the Indians who will be brought to the knowledge of the faith and will profess it, shall be

This is a document about French colonial empire
  French empire in North America grew, the French also began to build a smaller but more profitable empire in the West Indies. Settlement along the South American coast in what is today French Guiana began in 1624, and a colony was founded on Saint Kitts in 1625 (the island had to be shared with the English until the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, when it was ceded outright). The Compagnie des Îles de l'Amérique founded colonies in Guadeloupe and Martinique in 1635, and a colony was later founded on Saint Lucia by (1650). The food-producing plantations of these colonies

This is a document about French colonization of the Americas
   France équinoxiale started in 1612, when a French expedition departed from Cancale, Brittany, France, under the command of Daniel de la Touche, Seigneur de la Ravardière, and François de Razilly, admiral. Carrying 500 colonists, it arrived in the Northern coast of what is today the Brazilian state of Maranhão. De la Ravardière had discovered the region in 1604 but the death of the king postponed his plans to start its colonization. The colonists soon founded a village, which was named "Saint-Louis", in honor of the French king Louis IX. This later became São Luís in Portuguese,[1] the only Brazilian state capital founded by France. On 8 September, Capuchin

The first recorded French contact with Latin America was during the French Raid on Cartagena in May 1697. However, France did not establish diplomatic relations with Colombia until 1840.


Question: who sings you can have whatever you like

Answer: T.I.

This is a document about Jim Jonsin production discography
 06. "Whatever You Like

This is a document about Any Way You Want It
  "Any Way You Want It" is a song by American rock band Journey. It was released in February 1980 as the lead single from their sixth studio album Departure. Written by lead singer Steve Perry and guitarist Neal Schon, it peaked at number 23 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart. It appears on all four of the band's live albums (Captured, Greatest Hits Live, Live in Houston 1981: The Escape Tour, and Revelation on DVD).

This is a document about Whatever You Want (Tina Turner song)
  "Whatever You Want" is a song performed by American recording artist Tina Turner from her ninth studio album Wildest Dreams (1996). It was written by Arthur Baker, Fred Zarr, and Taylor Dayne and is noted for its different levels of energy and strong vocal performance, as well as its orchestral arrangement and complex production, courtesy of producer Trevor Horn. The song was released as the lead single from the album and was the opening number on her Wildest Dreams Tour (1996). The song became a moderate success on the charts, reaching top ten in Czech Republic, Finland, Hungary and Italy, while reaching the top twenty in the Netherlands, New Zealand and Switzerland.

This is a document about Whatever You Want (Status Quo song)
  "Whatever You Want" is a rock song by the British rock band Status Quo. Written by Rick Parfitt and Andy Bown, it was released on the album of the same name in 1979 and has become one of the band's better-known works. It originally appeared on the band's 1979 album Whatever You Want and was later re-recorded for their 2003 album Riffs.

This is a document about Any Way You Want It (The Dave Clark Five song)
  "Any Way You Want It" is a single by The Dave Clark Five, from the United States album, Coast to Coast (1964). "Any Way You Want It" is one of several Dave Clark Five songs written by Ron Ryan. It hit number No. 25 in the UK Singles Chart, and No. 14 in the United States. It is notable for its use of echo and reverb made by an Echoplex. "Any Way You Want It" was performed on many US variety shows, such as The Ed Sullivan Show and Shindig!. As the song used many production techniques, it had to be lip synched on television performances. In the United Kingdom, the B-side to "Any Way You Want It" was "Because".

This is a document about Do It Any Way You Wanna
  Do It Any Way You Wanna is a 1975 crossover hit by the Philadelphia-based R&B/dance group, The People's Choice, written and produced by Leon Huff. and recorded and mixed by Jay Mark. "Do It Any Way You Wanna" was a gold record for The People's Choice.

This is a document about Whatever You Like ("Weird Al" Yankovic song)
  "Whatever You Like" is a song and single by "Weird Al" Yankovic, the first song from the digital EP Internet Leaks and was later released on his thirteenth studio album Alpocalypse. It is a direct parody of the song of the same name by T.I. As with T.I.'s song, Yankovic's lyrics describe a man wooing a girlfriend with gifts that she may want; however, in light of recent economic problems, these are inexpensive or economical options, such as clipping coupons or going out to dinner at Burger King or McDonald's. "Whatever You Like" is the only Yankovic parody to have exactly the same title as the original it parodies. Yankovic commented that thanks to a rapid approval from T.I. he was able to write, record and upload the song to iTunes within two weeks and while the original song was still at No. 1 (it was there for 5 weeks).

This is a document about Whatever You Want (Pink song)
  "Whatever You Want" is a song recorded by American singer Pink from her seventh studio album Beautiful Trauma. Pink co-wrote the song with its producers, Max Martin and Shellback. The song impacted hot adult contemporary radio on June 4, 2018, as the third single from the album.

This is a document about Whatever You Want (Tony! Toni! Toné! song)
  "Whatever You Want" is the title of a number-one R&B single written by Tony! Toni! Tone! member Dwayne Wiggins and also performed by the group. It was the fourth and final single released from their second album, The Revival. The song spent two weeks at number one on the US R&B chart and peaked at number forty-eight on the Billboard Hot 100. It is their first single that did not feature Raphael on lead vocals. The song was sampled in a number of songs including Kelly Price's "Soul of a Woman", in the remix of Ludacris's "Splash Waterfalls", in "Lovin' Me" by rapper Nelly, in "OTW" by DJ Luke Nasty, and in "Whatever You Need" by Meek Mill.

This is a document about You Can Have It All (George McCrae song)
  "You Can Have It All" is a song by American singer George McCrae. It was written by Harry Wayne Casey and Richard Finch and released as a single in 1974, reaching number 23 on the UK Singles Chart. The song was notably covered by American indie rock band Yo La Tengo and released as a single from their 2000 album And Then Nothing Turned Itself Inside-Out.

This is a document about Take My Heart (You Can Have It If You Want It)
  "Take My Heart (You Can Have It If You Want It)" or "Take My Heart" is a 1981 single by Kool & the Gang from their album, Something Special.

This is a document about You Can Have It All
  "You Can Have It All" is a song by the Kaiser Chiefs, originally included on their debut album, Employment. The song has a mellow, slow-paced mood - the lyrics suggest an on/off relationship with a woman. "You Can Have it All" is largely influenced by The Beach Boys, partially evident due to its use of vocal harmony. At Christmas time, a "light orchestral" version of the song was released exclusively on the Kaiser Chiefs' website as a 7" vinyl record. The record was restricted to 2,000 copies. The record comes in a gatefold cover which inside includes a special Christmas message from the band and their respective autographs. There is also a rare promo-CD issuing of this release.

This is a document about Whatever You Like
  "Whatever You Like" is a song by the American hip hop recording artist T.I., released as the lead single (second overall) from his sixth studio album, Paper Trail (2008). The song was written by T.I., James Scheffer and David Siegel and produced by Jim Jonsin. "Whatever You Like" served as the third single from Paper Trail in the United Kingdom with a release date of June 1, 2009. The song peaked at number one on the US Billboard Hot 100, giving T.I. his second US number one. It topped the chart for seven non-consecutive weeks, and remained in the top 3 of the charts for over 12 non-consecutive weeks. It was also number one in New Zealand and has been certified 3× Platinum by the RIAA. It was named the 16th most successful song from 2000 to 2009, on the Billboard Hot 100 Songs of the Decade.

This is a document about Whatever You Want (album)
  Whatever You Want is the twelfth studio album by the British rock band Status Quo. This was the band's third album to be produced by Pip Williams. Recording began in December 1978 at Wisseloord Studios in Hilversum, the Netherlands, with the final mixes being completed in London in March 1979. The album was released on 12 October 1979 and entered the chart on 20 October 1979, reaching as high as no. 4. The first single from the album — "Whatever You Want" — was released on 14 September, with "Hard Ride" as the B-side, and also reached a peak position of no. 4. The second single

This is a document about Whatever She Wants
 1) "Whatever She Wants" – 3:41 (Dan Haseltine, Matt Odmark, Stephen Mason, & Charlie Lowell)

This is a document about Anyway, Anyhow, Anywhere
  When first released in the UK, "Anyway, Anyhow, Anywhere" featured the B-side "Daddy Rolling Stone", a cover of blues-singer Otis Blackwell's debut B-side from 1953. Upon release in the US on 5 June 1965, it was replaced by a cover of the Garnet Mimms ballad "Anytime You Want Me". Both songs were included on the 2002 reissue of My Generation.

This is a document about Ed Wool and the Nomads
 "Anything You Want" / "I Wanna Do It" (1966, Cameo Parkway)

This is a document about Anya Marina
  Moon soundtrack. "Satellite Heart" was released October 8, 2009, with the video (directed by Scott Coffey), released on November 3, 2009. Later that same month, she performed the song at multiple venues on the nationwide 'New Moon Talent Tour'. Marina co-hosted the live MySpace broadcast of the New Moon premiere. Anya was highlighted in an article by CNN.com as an artist poised on the edge of breakout success due to her involvement in the soundtrack. Marina's cover of "Whatever You Like", originally by rapper T.I., was featured on the November 9, 2009, episode of Gossip Girl, "They Shoot Humphreys, Don't They?" In 2009, Marina moved to Portland, Oregon to write

This is a document about Whatever You Want – The Very Best of Status Quo
  Whatever You Want – The Very Best of Status Quo is a two-disc compilation album by English rock band Status Quo, released in 1997. In 2005, the set was repackaged as Gold as part of the ongoing Universal Music series.

This is a document about One Down
  "Let Me Have It All" is a cover from Sly and the Family Stone's 1973 album Fresh. "Memories" featured vocals by Whitney Houston accompanied by Archie Shepp on tenor saxophone. The track marks Houston's first appearance on record as a lead vocalist on an album, prior to her own albums and she would perform it at select dates during her first major tour in 1986, The Greatest Love World Tour. The song was written by Hugh Hopper and originally recorded by The Wilde Flowers with vocals by Robert Wyatt. A dance mix by John Luongo of "I'm the One"/"Don't Lose Control" was released as a 12" single in 1982 (Celluloid/Elektra, 0-67970). Mixes of "Time Out" was released as a 12" single in 1983 (Elektra, 0-67916).

The song "Whatever You Like" is by the British rock band Status Quo.


Question: beatles do you want to know a secret singer

Answer: George Harrison

This is a document about Do You Want to Know a Secret
  "Do You Want to Know a Secret" is a song by English rock band the Beatles from their 1963 album Please Please Me, sung by George Harrison. In the United States, it was the first top ten song to feature Harrison as a lead singer, reaching No. 2 on the Billboard chart in 1964 as a single released by Vee-Jay, VJ 587.

This is a document about Billy J. Kramer
  of a Manchester-based group, the Dakotas, a combo then backing Pete MacLaine. Even then, the Dakotas would not join Kramer without a recording contract of their own. Once in place, the deal was set and both acts signed to Parlophone under George Martin. Collectively, they were named Billy J. Kramer with the Dakotas to keep their own identities within the act. Once the Beatles broke through, the way was paved for a tide of Merseybeat and Kramer was offered the chance to cover "Do You Want to Know a Secret?", first released by the Beatles on their own debut album, Please Please Me. The track had been turned down by Shane Fenton (later known as Alvin Stardust) who was looking for a career-reviving hit.

This is a document about Billy J. Kramer
  With record producer George Martin, the song "Do You Want to Know a Secret?" was a number two UK Singles Chart hit in 1963, (but number one in some charts), and was backed by another tune otherwise unreleased by the Beatles, "I'll Be on My Way". After this impressive breakthrough another Lennon/McCartney pairing, "Bad to Me" c/w "I Call Your Name", reached number one. It sold over a million copies, and was awarded a gold disc. "I'll Keep You Satisfied" ended the year with a respectable number four placing. Kramer was given a series of songs specially written for him by

This is a document about Do You Want to Know a Secret
  "Do You Want to Know a Secret", written in autumn 1962, was primarily composed by John Lennon but credited to Lennon–McCartney. The 1963 version by Billy J. Kramer with the Dakotas (a UK No. 2) credited the composition to "McCartney–Lennon". The song was inspired by "I'm Wishing", a tune from Walt Disney’s 1937 animated film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs which Lennon's mother, Julia Lennon, would sing to him as a child. The first two lines of the song in Disney's movie ("Want to know a secret? Promise not to tell?") come right after the opening lyrics ("You'll never know how much I really love you... You'll never know how much I really care..."). McCartney has said it was a "50–50 collaboration written to order", i.e., for Harrison to sing, but Lennon, who always claimed the song as his own, explained in a 1980 interview that he had realized as soon as he had finished writing the song that it best suited Harrison.

This is a document about Roy Orbison/The Beatles Tour
 1) "Some Other Guy" (John Lennon) ; 2) "Do You Want to Know a Secret?" (George Harrison) ; 3) "Love Me Do" or "A Taste Of Honey" (Paul McCartney) ; 4) "From Me To You" (John Lennon) ; 5) "Please Please Me" (John Lennon) ; 6) "I Saw Her Standing There" (Paul McCartney) ; 7) "Twist and Shout" (John Lennon) or "Long Tall Sally" (Paul McCartney) The Beatles' typical setlist (showing lead vocalist) was:

This is a document about Do You Want to Know a Secret
  "Do You Want to Know a Secret" was released a year later as a single by Vee-Jay in the United States on 23 March 1964, reaching the number two spot behind another Beatles song, "Can't Buy Me Love" in Billboard, reaching number three on the Cash Box chart, but reaching number one for two weeks in the chart published by the Teletheatre Research Institute. In the U.S., it was the most successful Beatles song on which Harrison sang lead vocal until "Something" peaked at No. 1 as part of a double-sided number one hit with "Come Together" in 1969.

This is a document about The Beatles (TV series)
  / Do You Want To Know A Secret 4. Not A Second Time / Slow Down: The Beatles abandon their flight and land in Africa while trying toget away from their fans, but three girls keep tracking them down. They later encounter a few crocodiles; The Beatles are on the way tothe town Ringo Ravine (named after Ringo) until they encounter a donkey that smells gold named "Gold Nose". Sing Alongs: Baby's In Black / Misery 5. Baby's In Black / Misery: Paul gets kidnapped by Professor Psycho who wants Paul to marry his creation Vampiress, half girl and half bat; The

This is a document about George Harrison
  performed on The Ed Sullivan Show as scheduled. As such, the press noticed Harrison's apparent laconic nature in public appearances on that tour and the subsequent nickname stuck, much to Harrison's amusement. He had two lead vocal credits on the LP, including the Lennon–McCartney song "Do You Want to Know a Secret?", and three on their second album, With the Beatles (1963). The latter included "Don't Bother Me", Harrison's first solo writing credit. Harrison served as the Beatles' scout for new American releases, being especially knowledgeable about soul music. By 1965's Rubber Soul, he had begun to lead the other Beatles into folk rock through

This is a document about Live at the BBC (Beatles album)
  "given away" without the Beatles attempting to record it for their own release. The song was given to Billy J. Kramer, another artist managed by Brian Epstein recording for Parlophone, who released it in the United Kingdom as the B-side of a cover version of "Do You Want to Know a Secret". In all, 56 songs were chosen for the album, along with some banter among the group and the hosts. Abbey Road engineer Peter Mew used audio manipulation software to reduce noise, repair minor drop-outs and equalise to a more consistent sound from one track to the next. The resulting sound quality was considered generally better than the best equivalent bootlegged versions

This is a document about Please Please Me
 John Lennon – lead vocals, backing vocals, rhythm guitar, acoustic guitar, harmonica, hand claps ; Paul McCartney – lead vocals, backing vocals, bass guitar, hand claps ; George Harrison – lead guitar, acoustic guitar, hand claps, backing vocals; lead vocals on "Chains" and "Do You Want to Know a Secret" ; Ringo Starr – drums, tambourine, maracas, hand claps; lead vocals on "Boys" George Martin – producer, mixer, additional arrangements, piano on "Misery", celesta on "Baby It's You" ; Norman Smith – audio engineer, mixer ; Andy White – drums on "Love Me Do" and "P.S. I Love You" According to Mark Lewisohn: The Beatles Additional musicians and production

This is a document about Introducing... The Beatles
 John Lennon – rhythm guitar, harmonica, vocals ; Paul McCartney – bass guitar, vocals ; George Harrison – lead guitar, backing vocals, lead vocals on "Chains" and "Do You Want to Know a Secret" ; Ringo Starr – drums, lead vocals on "Boys" George Martin – producer, piano on "Misery", celesta on "Baby It's You" The Beatles  Production

This is a document about The Beatles' recording sessions
  You Want to Know a Secret" (take 1) – false start ; "Do You Want to Know a Secret" (takes 2–4) – complete (1:55) ; "Do You Want to Know a Secret" (takes 5) – false start ; "Do You Want to Know a Secret" (takes 6) – complete (2:00) ; Harmony vocal and drumsticks overdub (take 7) – complete – released on The Beatles Bootleg Recordings 1963 (2:16) ; Harmony vocal and drumsticks overdub (take 8) – complete ; Mono mixed (25 February 1963) – released on Please Please Me (mono) (2:01) ; Stereo mixed (25 February 1963) – released on Please Please Me (stereo)

This is a document about Do You Want to Know a Secret
  In 1980, Lennon said that he gave "Do You Want to Know a Secret" to Harrison to sing because "it only had three notes and he wasn't the best singer in the world", but added "he has improved a lot since then." The song was recorded as part of their marathon ten-hour recording session on 11 February 1963 along with nine other songs for Please Please Me. Harrison sang two songs on Please Please Me—this song by Lennon–McCartney and "Chains" by Goffin/King. "Don't Bother Me" would be Harrison's debut composition and appeared on the Beatles' next UK album With the Beatles. Harrison and Lennon both played acoustic guitars on the recording in different channels – on the stereo mix, Harrison's guitar was panned to the right channel while Lennon's was panned to the left.

This is a document about Stars on 45
  the same medley labeled "Bits and Pieces III" added another five Beatles titles: "*Do You Want to Know a Secret," "We Can Work It Out," "I Should Have Known Better," "Nowhere Man," and "You're Gonna Lose That Girl." With the bootleg recording obviously already circulating in dance clubs on both sides of the Atlantic, van Kooten decided to "bootleg the bootleg" and create a licensed version of the medley by using soundalike artists to replicate the original hits and therefore contacted his friend and colleague Jaap Eggermont. The Beatles soundalikes were established Dutch singers. John Lennon's parts were sung by Bas Muys

This is a document about Sekret (band)
  Secret (Секрет, lit.: Secret) was a Soviet Russian rock and roll band founded in 1982 in Leningrad. The band's musical style and image were inspired from 1950s and 1960s western music, in particular by The Beatles. The band's name was inspired by the Beatles song 'Do You Want to Know a Secret?'. Secret called themselves a "Beat Quartet" and were, along with Bravo, a part of Soviet rock and roll revival of 1980s. The original lineup lasted until 1990, when frontman Maxim Leonidov emigrated to Israel. The band continued with different lineups without great success. Since 1997 the original lineup has occasionally performed together including for anniversary shows in 2003 and 2007. Many Secret hits of the 1980s still receive a lot of airplay on Russian FM stations.

This is a document about The Beatles Anthology (TV series)
  Got Something to Hide Except Me and My Monkey ; 25) Apple Records [7:58] ; 26) *Footage of Apple Press Conference, New York City, 14 May 1968. ; 27) * Sour Milk Sea (Harrison) Performed by: Jackie Lomax. ; 28) * Something in the Way She Moves (Taylor) Performed by: James Taylor. ; 29) * Maybe Tomorrow (Evans) Performed by: The Iveys. ; 30) * No Matter What (Ham) Performed by: Badfinger. ; 31) * Goodbye (Lennon–McCartney) Performed by: Mary Hopkin. ; 32) "Lady Madonna" [2:26] ; 33) * Lady Madonna – 3 and 6 February 1968. ; 34) "Yellow Submarine"

This is a document about The Chipmunks Sing the Beatles Hits
  The Chipmunks Sing the Beatles Hits is a tribute album of Alvin and the Chipmunks singing the hits of the Beatles. It was originally released in 1964 by Liberty Records on vinyl record, and consists of Chipmunk renditions of early Beatles hits. One single was released from the album ("All My Loving" b/w "Do You Want to Know a Secret?") and a six-song stereo jukebox EP was also issued. On later pressings on the Sunset label and all reissues on vinyl, cassette and compact disc since, the opening guitar chord on the song "Do You Want to Know a Secret?" is partially

This is a document about Melisma
  the Prophets, and in the body of a service. Today, melisma is commonly used in Middle Eastern, African, Balkan, and African American music, Fado (Portuguese), Flamenco (Spanish), and some Asian and Celtic folk music. Melisma is also commonly featured in Western popular music. Early in their careers, Ray Charles, Aretha Franklin, and Stevie Wonder used it sparingly. Melisma is used by countless pop artists such as Michael Jackson, although this form usually involves improvising melismata (and melismatic vocalise) over a simpler melody. During the fadeout of the Beatles' 1966 track "I Want to Tell You", bassist Paul McCartney can be heard singing a high-pitched melisma in the style of classical Indian music.

This is a document about The Beatles bootleg recordings
  Channel number one "Hey! Baby", James Ray's "If You Gotta Make a Fool of Somebody", and the Bobby Vee hit "Sharing You". McCartney bought the tape at a 1985 auction, and since none of it was used for Anthology, it has been assumed to be of poor sound quality. Many demo recordings are known to have been made by the individual Beatles but have yet to become public. Lennon's uncirculated demos include "Do You Want to Know a Secret", "I Call Your Name", "No Reply" (pre-dating the one on Anthology), "In My Life", and "Good Night". McCartney's uncirculated demos include "A World

This is a document about You've Got to Hide Your Love Away
  accompaniment, no backing voices and light percussion from brushed snare, tambourine and maraca. A flute, however, replaces the harmonica that Dylan typically used. The song's lyrics are ambiguous. Potentially, Lennon could have been referring to the fact that, as a Beatle, he was expected to keep the fact he was married a secret. He could also have been writing about his inability to express his true 'loving' self in public and his feelings of isolation and paranoia related to fame. Some, such as singer Tom Robinson, have suggested that the song was written for the Beatles' manager Brian Epstein, who had to hide his homosexuality from the public. Lennon himself, however, never publicly discussed his inspiration for the

George Harrison sang "Do You Want to Know a Secret" for the Beatles.


Question: german scientist that discovered cells come from preexisting cells

Answer: Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann

This is a document about Robert Remak
  Robert Remak (26 July 1815 – 29 August 1865) was a Jewish Polish-German embryologist, physiologist, and neurologist, born in Posen, Prussia, who discovered that the origin of cells was by the division of pre-existing cells. as well as several other key discoveries. According to historian Paul Weindling, Rudolf Virchow, one of the founders of modern cell theory, plagiarized the notion that all cells come from pre-existing cells from Remak. Remak had concluded this after observing red blood cells from chicken embryos in various stages of division. He then confirmed that the phenomenon existed in the cell of every frog's egg immediately after fertilization, proving that this was a universal phenomenon and finally explaining the reason for the results of tests by Louis Pasteur which had previously proved that there exists no spontaneous generation

This is a document about Cell theory
  Virchow, and Albert Kolliker. In 1855, Rudolf Virchow added the third tenet to cell theory. In Latin, this tenet states Omnis cellula e cellula. This translated to:  However, the idea that all cells come from pre-existing cells had in fact already been proposed by Robert Remak; it has been suggested that Virchow plagiarized Remak and did not give him credit. Remak published observations in 1852 on cell division, claiming Schleiden and Schawnn were incorrect about generation schemes. He instead said that binary fission, which was first introduced by Dumortier, was how reproduction of new animal cells were made. Once this tenet was added, the classical cell theory was complete.

This is a document about Timeline of biology and organic chemistry
  Rudolf Virchow proposed that cells can only arise from pre-existing cells; "Omnis cellula e celulla," all cell from cells. The Cell Theory states that all organisms are composed of cells (Schleiden and Schwann), and cells can only come from other cells (Virchow). ; 1864 – Louis Pasteur disproved the spontaneous generation of cellular life. ; 1865 – Gregor Mendel demonstrated in pea plants that inheritance follows definite rules. The Principle of Segregation states that each organism has two genes per trait, which segregate when the organism makes eggs or sperm. The Principle of Independent Assortment states that each gene in a pair is distributed

This is a document about Cell nucleus
  cells of the flower's outer layer. He did not suggest a potential function. In 1838, Matthias Schleiden proposed that the nucleus plays a role in generating cells, thus he introduced the name "cytoblast" ("cell builder"). He believed that he had observed new cells assembling around "cytoblasts". Franz Meyen was a strong opponent of this view, having already described cells multiplying by division and believing that many cells would have no nuclei. The idea that cells can be generated de novo, by the "cytoblast" or otherwise, contradicted work by Robert Remak (1852) and Rudolf Virchow (1855) who decisively propagated the new paradigm that cells

This is a document about History of zoology (1859–present)
   Cell theory led zoologists to re-envision individual organisms as interdependent assemblages of individual cells. Scientists in the rising field of cytology, armed with increasingly powerful microscopes and new staining methods, soon found that even single cells were far more complex than the homogeneous fluid-filled chambers described by earlier microscopists. Much of the research on cell reproduction came together in August Weismann's theory of heredity: he identified the nucleus (in particular chromosomes) as the hereditary material, proposed the distinction between somatic cells and germ cells (arguing that chromosome number must be halved for germ cells, a precursor to the concept of meiosis), and adopted Hugo de Vries's theory of pangenes. Weismannism was extremely influential, especially in the new field of experimental embryology. By the 1880s, bacteriology was becoming a coherent discipline, especially through the work of Robert Koch, who introduced methods for growing pure cultures on agar gels containing specific nutrients in Petri dishes. The long-held idea that living organisms could easily originate from nonliving matter (spontaneous generation) was attacked in a series of experiments carried out by Louis Pasteur, while debates over vitalism vs. mechanism (a perennial issue since the time of Aristotle and the Greek atomists) continued apace.

This is a document about Theodor Schwann
  all tissues could be classified in terms of five types of highly differentiated cellular tissues.  His observation that the single-celled ovum eventually becomes a complete organism, established one of the basic principles of embryology. Schwann's third tenet, speculating on the formation of cells, was later disproven. Schwann hypothesized that living cells formed in ways similar to the formation of crystals. Biologists would eventually accept the view of pathologist Rudolf Virchow, who popularized the maxim Omnis cellula e cellula—that every cell arises from another cell—in 1857. The epigram was originally put forth by François-Vincent Raspail in 1825, but Raspail's writings were unpopular, partly due to his republican sentiments. There is no evidence to suggest that Schwann and Raspail were aware of each other's work.

This is a document about Paul Langerhans
  Paul Langerhans (25 July 1847 – 20 July 1888) was a German pathologist, physiologist and biologist, credited with the discovery of the cells that secrete insulin, named after him as the islets of Langerhans.

This is a document about Rudolf Virchow
   Virchow is credited with several key discoveries. His most widely known scientific contribution is his cell theory, which built on the work of Theodor Schwann. He was one of the first to accept the work of Robert Remak, who showed that the origin of cells was the division of pre-existing cells. He did not initially accept the evidence for cell division and believed that it occurs only in certain types of cells. When it dawned on him in 1855 that Remak might be right, he published Remak's work as his own, causing a falling-out between the two. Virchow was particularly influenced in cellular theory by the work of John Goodsir of Edinburgh, whom he described as "one of the earliest and most acute observers of cell-life

This is a document about Rudolf Virchow
  physiological and pathological". Virchow dedicated his magnum opus Die Cellularpathologie to Goodsir. Virchow's cellular theory was encapsulated in the epigram Omnis cellula e cellula ("all cells (come) from cells"), which he published in 1855. (The epigram was actually coined by François-Vincent Raspail, but popularized by Virchow.) It is a rejection of the concept of spontaneous generation, which held that organisms could arise from nonliving matter. For example, maggots were believed to appear spontaneously in decaying meat; Francesco Redi carried out experiments that disproved this notion and coined the maxim Omne vivum ex ovo ("Every living thing comes from a living thing" — literally "from an egg"); Virchow (and his predecessors) extended this to state that the only source for a living cell was another living cell.

This is a document about August Weismann
  Prof August Friedrich Leopold Weismann FRS (For), HonFRSE, LLD (17 January 1834 – 5 November 1914) was a German evolutionary biologist. Ernst Mayr ranked him as the second most notable evolutionary theorist of the 19th century, after Charles Darwin. Weismann became the Director of the Zoological Institute and the first Professor of Zoology at Freiburg. His main contribution involved germ plasm theory, at one time also known as Weismannism, according to which inheritance (in a multicellular organism) only takes place by means of the germ cells—the gametes such as egg cells and sperm cells. Other cells of the body—somatic cells—do not function as agents of heredity. The effect is one-way: germ cells produce

This is a document about Artificial cell
  The German pathologist Rudolf Virchow brought forward the idea that not only does life arise from cells, but every cell comes from another cell; "Omnis cellula e cellula". Until now, most attempts to create an artificial cell have only created a package that can mimic certain tasks of the cell. Advances in cell-free transcription and translation reactions allow the expression of many genes, but these efforts are far from producing a fully operational cell. A bottom-up approach to build an artificial cell would involve creating a protocell de novo, entirely from non-living materials. As the term "cell" implies, one prerequisite is the generation of some sort of compartment that defines an individual, cellular unit. Phospholipid membranes are an obvious choice as compartmentalizing boundaries, as they act as selective barriers

This is a document about Cell theory
 1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells ; 2. The cell is the most basic unit of life 3. All cells arise only from pre-existing cells Credit for developing cell theory is usually given to two scientists: Theodor Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden. While Rudolf Virchow contributed to the theory, he is not as credited for his attributions toward it. In 1839, Schleiden suggested that every structural part of a plant was made up of cells or the result of cells. He also suggested that cells were made by a crystallization process either within other cells or from the outside. However, this was not an

This is a document about Timeline of scientific discoveries
  for the decarbonisation, and re-carbonisation of iron, thorough the addition of a calculated quantity of spiegeleisen, to produce cheap, consistently high quality steel. ; 1858 – Rudolf Virchow: cells can only arise from pre-existing cells ; 1859 – Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace: Theory of evolution by natural selection ; 1861 – Louis Pasteur: Germ theory ; 1861 – John Tyndall: Experiments in Radiant Energy that reinforced the Greenhouse Effect ; 1864 – James Clerk Maxwell: Theory of electromagnetism ; 1865 – Gregor Mendel: Mendel's laws of inheritance, basis for genetics ; 1865 – Rudolf Clausius: Definition of entropy

This is a document about Biological determinism
  In 1892, the Austrian biologist August Weismann proposed that multicellular organisms consist of two separate types of cell: somatic cells, which carry out the body's ordinary functions, and germ cells, which transmit heritable information. He called the material that carried the information, now identified as DNA, the germ plasm, and individual components of it, now called genes, determinants which controlled the organism. Weismann argued that there is a one-way transfer of information from the germ cells to somatic cells, so that nothing acquired by the body during an organism's life can affect the germ plasm and the next generation. This effectively denied that Lamarckism (inheritance of acquired characteristics) was a possible mechanism of evolution. The modern equivalent of the theory, expressed at molecular rather than cellular level, is the central dogma of molecular biology.

This is a document about August Weismann
   Weismann's work on the demarcation between germ-line and soma can scarcely be appreciated without considering the work of (mostly) German biologists during the second half of the 19th century. This was the time that the mechanisms of cell division began to be understood. Eduard Strasburger, Walther Flemming, Heinrich von Waldeyer and the Belgian Edouard Van Beneden laid the basis for the cytology and cytogenetics of the 20th century. Strasburger, the outstanding botanical physiologist of that century, coined the terms nucleoplasm and cytoplasm. He said "new cell nuclei can only arise from the division of other cell nuclei". Van Beneden discovered how chromosomes combined at meiosis, during the production of gametes, and discovered and named chromatin. Walther Flemming, the founder of cytogenetics, named mitosis, and pronounced "omnis nucleus e nucleo" (which means the same as Strasburger's dictum). The discovery of mitosis, meiosis and chromosomes

This is a document about Cell theory
  idea of Schleiden. He claimed this theory as his own, though Barthelemy Dumortier had stated it years before him. This crystallization process is no longer accepted with modern cell theory. In 1839, Theodor Schwann states that along with plants, animals are composed of cells or the product of cells in their structures. This was a major advancement in the field of biology since little was known about animal structure up to this point compared to plants. From these conclusions about plants and animals, two of the three tenets of cell theory were postulated.  Schleiden's theory of free cell formation through crystallization was refuted in the 1850s by Robert Remak,

This is a document about Mitosis
  Numerous descriptions of cell division were made during 18th and 19th centuries, with various degrees of accuracy. In 1835, the German botanist Hugo von Mohl, described cell division in the green algae Cladophora glomerata, stating that multiplication of cells occurs through cell division. In 1838, Matthias Jakob Schleiden affirmed that the formation of new cells in their interior was a general law for cell multiplication in plants, a view later rejected in favour of Mohl model, due to contributions of Robert Remak and others. In animal cells, cell division with mitosis was discovered in frog, rabbit, and cat cornea cells in 1873 and described for the first time by the Polish histologist Wacław Mayzel in 1875. Bütschli, Schneider and Fol might have also

This is a document about History of botany
  The cell nucleus was discovered by Robert Brown in 1831. Demonstration of the cellular composition of all organisms, with each cell possessing all the characteristics of life, is attributed to the combined efforts of botanist Matthias Schleiden and zoologist Theodor Schwann (1810–1882) in the early 19th century although Moldenhawer had already shown that plants were wholly cellular with each cell having its own wall and Julius von Sachs had shown the continuity protoplasm between cell walls. From 1870 to 1880 it became clear that cell nuclei are never formed anew but always derived from the substance of another nucleus. In 1882 Flemming observed the longitudinal splitting of chromosomes in the dividing nucleus and concluded that each daughter nucleus received half

This is a document about History of biology
  of staining but occurred in living cells, and moreover, that chromosomes doubled in number just before the cell divided and a daughter cell was produced. Much of the research on cell reproduction came together in August Weismann's theory of heredity: he identified the nucleus (in particular chromosomes) as the hereditary material, proposed the distinction between somatic cells and germ cells (arguing that chromosome number must be halved for germ cells, a precursor to the concept of meiosis), and adopted Hugo de Vries's theory of pangenes. Weismannism was extremely influential, especially in the new field of experimental embryology. By the mid-1850s the miasma

This is a document about Franz Ernst Christian Neumann
  and again, whether exclusively by a mitotic division or also from other cells particularly from cells of the mesenteric tissue, may be discussed" (Neumann 1912, also B.P. page 313). Neumann was advocate of the Unitarien Point of View: All blood cells shall be descended from this post embryonic stem cell. As it is well known, a quarrel broke out between dualists and unitarians (Paul Ehrlich). Neumann's farsightedness demanded a stem cell culture for the completion of the quarrel: "Perhaps a final decision will only arrive, if it possible, to isolate the individual colourless cells and to study its life events in vitro culture for some time, as Robert Koch demonstrated with the bacteria" (Neumann 1912, B.P., p. 329).

Robert Remak is the German scientist who discovered that cells come from preexisting cells. He made this observation in 1852 and published it in 1852. This discovery was later incorporated into Rudolf Virchow's cell theory, which states that all cells come from pre-existing cells.


Question: what are the zombies called in the last of us

Answer: infected

This is a document about List of The Last of Us characters
   The Last of Us, a 2013 action-adventure survival horror video game developed by Naughty Dog, deals with the relationship between an older man, Joel, and a teenaged girl, Ellie. Joel is tasked with escorting Ellie across a post-apocalyptic United States in an attempt to create a potential cure against an infection to which Ellie is immune. The relationship between the two characters became the basis of the game's development. Joel is the primary playable character of the game, though players assume control of Ellie for a short portion. Throughout their journey, Joel and Ellie meet various characters: Tess, a survivor who is closely acquainted with Joel, Marlene, leader of the militia group the Fireflies; Bill, a survivor who fortified his own town; Henry and Sam, brothers from Hartford; Joel's brother Tommy and his

This is a document about The Last of Us
  The Last of Us is an action-adventure game played from a third-person perspective. The player traverses post-apocalyptic environments such as towns, buildings, forests, and sewers to advance the story. The player can use firearms, improvised weapons, and stealth to defend against hostile humans and cannibalistic creatures infected by a mutated strain of the Cordyceps fungus. For most of the game, the player takes control of Joel, a man tasked with escorting a young girl, Ellie, across the United States. The player also controls Ellie throughout the game's winter segment, and briefly controls Joel's daughter Sarah in the opening sequence. In combat, the

This is a document about The Last of Us
  The Last of Us is a 2013 action-adventure game developed by Naughty Dog and published by Sony Computer Entertainment. Players control Joel, a smuggler tasked with escorting a teenage girl, Ellie, across a post-apocalyptic United States. The Last of Us is played from a third-person perspective. Players use firearms and improvised weapons, and can use stealth to defend against hostile humans and cannibalistic creatures infected by a mutated fungus in the genus Cordyceps. In the online multiplayer mode, up to eight players engage in cooperative and competitive gameplay. Development of The Last of Us began in 2009, soon after the release of Naughty Dog's previous game, Uncharted 2: Among Thieves. For the first time in the company's history, Naughty Dog split into two teams;

This is a document about Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction
  and military rescue while fending off the attacking hordes. Zero Escape: Virtue's Last Reward (2012) takes place years after an artificial virus, called Radical-6, was released, exterminating almost all of humanity. The sequel Zero Escape: Zero Time Dilemma (2016) details the events that lead to the virus being released. Plague Inc. (2012) focuses not on the survival of humanity after or during an apocalypse, but rather on controlling the disease or creature responsible for the destruction of humanity. The Last of Us (2013) revolves around the premise of a mutated Cordyceps fungus spreading to humans, resulting in the deterioration of society within the United States. DLC The Last of Us: Left Behind (2014) takes place months before Ellie meets Joel. The sequel The Last of Us Part II (2020) continues the

This is a document about The Last of Us Part II
   The Last of Us Part II is an action-adventure game played from a third-person perspective featuring elements of the survival horror genre. The player traverses post-apocalyptic environments such as buildings and forests to advance the story. The player can use firearms, improvised weapons, and stealth to defend against hostile humans and cannibalistic creatures infected by a mutated strain of the Cordyceps fungus. Control intermittently switches between Ellie and Abby; the player also briefly controls Joel in the opening sequence. The nimble nature of the player character introduces platforming elements to the game, allowing the player to jump and climb to traverse environments and gain advantages during combat. The player can break glass objects such as windows to access certain areas or obtain supplies. Some areas in the game are navigated by

This is a document about Left 4 Dead 2
  quickly eroding the Survivors' health as long as they remain within it. She also leaves a puddle of goo upon death. The longer a player loiters in the goo, the faster their health drops. ; The Jockey: a male Infected that jumps onto a Survivor's back and steers them into other Infected or environmental hazards (e.g. Spitter goo), whilst clawing at the player's head until the player is incapacitated, killed, or shoved off. While also referred to as zombies, the Infected are humans who have contracted a mutated strain of an infection, though neither the source nor nature of this "Green Flu" are made clear in the

This is a document about List of The Last of Us characters
   Ellie (Ashley Johnson) is a fourteen-year-old orphan and the other main playable character in the game, and one of the few characters to have never known life before the infection. Much of her backstory is revealed in the additional content The Last of Us: Left Behind and the comic book miniseries The Last of Us: American Dreams. After surviving a bite from the Infected, Ellie is tasked to Joel to be escorted to the Fireflies. Initially annoyed by Joel's surliness, Ellie starts to feel a strong attachment to him. After experiencing a traumatizing encounter in the Winter, in which Ellie is nearly raped and murdered by a band of cannibals, she becomes withdrawn and introverted. When Joel finally gets her to the Fireflies, it is discovered that she has a mutant

This is a document about Cannibalism in popular culture
  a clan of worshipers of the daedric prince, Namira, who consume the flesh of corpses found in the catacombs underneath Markarth. Players can then choose to either partake in the cannibalism, or put an end to it. Partaking will involve the player unlocking a ring that allows them to consume any humanoid corpse they find in order to recover some health. The Last of Us features a group of cannibalistic survivors who kidnap Ellie during a winter snowstorm. The plot of Until Dawn heavily features cannibalism. Near the end of the game it is revealed that after Hannah and Beth fell down a ravine and were presumed dead, Hannah actually survived and had to eat her sister's flesh to survive, which awakened the Wendigos the player encounters throughout the game.

This is a document about List of accolades received by The Last of Us
  The Last of Us is an action-adventure game developed by Naughty Dog and published by Sony Computer Entertainment. Players assume control of Joel (Troy Baker), escorting the young Ellie (Ashley Johnson) across a post-apocalyptic United States. The game's development was led by Bruce Straley and Neil Druckmann, as game director and creative director, respectively. The game was officially announced on December 10, 2011, and was widely anticipated. It was awarded Most Anticipated Game from PlayStation Universe, receiving a nomination in the same category at the 2012 Spike Video Game Awards. Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo, the game won

This is a document about The Last of Us
  Naughty Dog began developing The Last of Us in 2009, following the release of Uncharted 2: Among Thieves. For the first time in the company's history, Naughty Dog split into two teams; while one team developed Uncharted 3: Drake's Deception (2011), the other began work on The Last of Us. Game director Bruce Straley and creative director Neil Druckmann led the team responsible for developing The Last of Us. While at university, Druckmann had an idea to merge the gameplay of Ico (2001) in a story set during a zombie apocalypse, like that of George A. Romero's Night of the Living Dead (1968), with a lead character

This is a document about Ellie (The Last of Us)
  After they are bitten by Infected, the two consider suicide, but choose to spend their final hours together. However, Ellie survives and discovers she is immune to infection. In The Last of Us, a wounded Marlene tasks Joel with escorting Ellie from Boston to a drop-off point in Colorado to help the Fireflies develop a vaccine from her immunity. Ellie is initially annoyed by Joel's surliness, but they develop a bond. Upon learning that he intends to leave her with his younger brother Tommy and return to Boston, she runs away. After Joel pursues her, she confronts him, insisting that he not abandon her, and they continue their journey.

This is a document about Naughty Dog
  Game Awards, Naughty Dog unveiled a new intellectual property, The Last of Us, described as a "post-apocalyptic third-person action-adventure game", following the plight of a teenage girl, Ellie, and her adult protector, Joel, in a post-apocalyptic United States overrun with humans infected with a disease reminiscent of the infection caused by Cordyceps unilateralis. The Last of Us received universal acclaim upon release. In 2012 and 2013, Naughty Dog teamed with Mass Media Inc. to release the Jak and Daxter Collection. It contains high-definition ports of the original PlayStation 2 trilogy and was released for PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita respectively. On November 23, 2013,

This is a document about List of The Last of Us characters
  Maria who have built their own settlement; and David, the leader of a group of cannibals. In addition, Joel's daughter Sarah appears in the game's prologue, and Ellie's friend Riley Abel is featured in the downloadable content pack The Last of Us: Left Behind. A team at Naughty Dog designed the character appearances, and creative director Neil Druckmann was the main writer of their personalities and mannerisms. The actors were given considerable license to improvise the lines and influence character personality, simultaneously performing the motion capture work for their characters. Various characters were influenced by the story progression, ultimately becoming completely different from the initial vision. The relationship of the characters received praise from several gaming publications, and the acting has resulted in multiple awards, including two BAFTAs and a D.I.C.E. Award.

This is a document about Development of The Last of Us
   The development of The Last of Us, an action-adventure game, began after Uncharted 2: Among Thieves release in October 2009. Sony Computer Entertainment published The Last of Us for PlayStation 3 on June 14, 2013. The three-year development, led by studio Naughty Dog, was kept secret for the majority of development. In the game, players assume control of Joel, a middle-aged smuggler tasked with escorting a 14-year-old girl named Ellie across a post-apocalyptic United States in an attempt to create a potential cure against the world-ending infection to which Ellie is immune. Creative director Neil Druckmann was inspired to include the Infected as a main enemy in the game after discovering the Cordyceps fungi. Set 20 years after the outbreak has destroyed much of civilization, the game explores the possibility of the fungi

This is a document about Zombie
  to gross more than 100 million dollars. Outside of video games, zombies frequently appear in trading card games, such as Magic: The Gathering or Yu-Gi-Oh! Trading Card Game (which even has a Zombie-Type for its "monsters"), as well as in role-playing games, such as Dungeons & Dragons, tabletop games such as Zombies!!! and Dead of Winter: A Cross Roads Game, and tabletop wargames, such as Warhammer Fantasy and 40K. The game Humans vs. Zombies is a zombie-themed live-action game played on college campuses. Writing for Scientific American, Kyle Hill praised the 2013 game The Last of Us for the game's plausibility, which

This is a document about The Walking Dead (comic book)
  Rick's group classifies the undead as either walkers, roamers or lurkers, the former being more likely to venture toward a loud noise in search of human prey. Other names have been used by characters in the series, including biters and stinkers. The undead follow and mimic each other, which can result in enormous hordes travelling together, "walking nonstop, following a sound they've all forgotten," as Abraham puts it. When asked about the origins of zombies, Kirkman claimed that there was an answer but that it was unimportant to the story-line. At the same time, it was reported that when Kirkman pitched the series he had claimed that the virus was an alien biological attack in preparation of a full-scale invasion but that he had no intention of following this idea.

This is a document about List of The Last of Us Part II characters
  The Last of Us Part II, a 2020 action-adventure game developed by Naughty Dog and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment, focuses on two lead characters: Ellie, who sets out for revenge after suffering a great tragedy, and Abby Anderson, a soldier who becomes involved in a conflict between her militia and a cult. The switch between the playable characters was a major point of the game's development, based on a similar switch in the original game, 2013's The Last of Us. Part of the game deals with Ellie's relationship with Joel, the first game's protagonist, who lied to her. Ellie is joined by several companions in the game, including her girlfriend Dina, friend Jesse, and Joel's brother Tommy. Abby is a member

This is a document about Zombie apocalypse
  zombie. In many cases of "fast" zombies, creators use living humans infected with a pathogen (as in 28 Days Later, Zombieland, Dying Light and Left 4 Dead), instead of re-animated corpses, to avoid the "slow death walk" of Romero's variety of zombies. It is disputable whether cases featuring living humans suffering the effects of a disease should technically be considered zombies, since they have never died. In addition, ‘special’ zombie types may also be included, depending on the genre, either as unexpected mutations or superior classes compared to standard zombies, boasting special abilities or heightened skills such as strength, speed or ferocity, as seen in video games such as Half-Life 2 and The Last of Us.

This is a document about Urban Dead
  survivor classes; Military, Scientist or Civilian; or as a Zombie. Each side in the struggle has its own advantages and disadvantages. Survivors move twice as fast as low-level zombies and are able to employ various weapons and tools. Survivor characters can communicate with each other in-game via speech, radio broadcasting, graffiti and text messaging. They can also barricade building entrances, keeping zombies at bay. Zombies, often referred to as "zeds", are limited to using claws, teeth, and blunt melee weapons. However, they can self-revive with full hit points when killed, whereas a survivor needs another player to revive them after death if they do not wish to

This is a document about The Voice in the Night
  a strange fungus that slowly destroys a town and ultimately consumes the bodies of the last remaining residents, but keeps their form. The story ends ominously as wood from the town has been harvested for use in homes across England, and the narrator has inhaled spores from the strange fungi. Lumley has named "The Voice in the Night" as one of his favourite stories. The concept of fungal symbiosis or assimilation of humans is also frequently found in the work of Jeff VanderMeer, especially in his "Ambergris" novels and short stories. The same concept is used in the video game The Last of Us.

The zombies in "The Last of Us" are called "Infected." They are humans who have been infected by a mutated strain of the Cordyceps fungus, which causes them to lose control of their actions and become hostile towards uninfected humans.


Question: who sings lead on please let me wonder

Answer: Brian Wilson

This is a document about Please Let Me Wonder
  "Please Let Me Wonder" is a song by the American rock band the Beach Boys from their 1965 album The Beach Boys Today!. Written by Brian Wilson and Mike Love, it was the first song Wilson wrote under the influence of marijuana. The lyrics are about a man who does not know if a girl loves him and is afraid of learning the answer, and so he prefers to fantasize that she does. On February 15, the song was issued as the B-side to their "Do You Wanna Dance?" single before the album's release.

This is a document about I Begin to Wonder
 Dannii Minogue – lead vocals ; Jean-Claude Ades – production, mixing ; Ian Masterson – additional vocal production ; Matthew Donaldson – photography The following people contributed to "I Begin to Wonder":

This is a document about The Beach Boys Today!
  "Please Let Me Wonder" was the first song Wilson wrote under the influence of marijuana. It is about a man who is afraid that a woman will reveal that she does not love him, and so he instead prefers to fantasize that she does. Wilson said that he did the song "as a tribute to Phil Spector", although the arrangement, which highlights different, individual instruments throughout the song, was in direct contrast to the methods employed by Spector for his Wall of Sound. The instrumentation includes drums, timpani, tambourine, bass, two guitars, acoustic guitar, piano, tack piano, organ, horns, and vibraphone. In Howard's description, the song "specifically demonstrates" Wilson's "newfound insight" of "deconstruct[ing] songs into tiny increments and deal with each instrument individually, stacking sounds one at a time."

This is a document about Please Let Me Wonder
  "Please Let Me Wonder" was the first song Wilson wrote under the influence of marijuana. Wilson said that he produced the song "as a tribute to Phil Spector", although the arrangement, which highlights different, individual instruments throughout the song, was in direct contrast to the methods employed by Spector for his Wall of Sound. AllMusic reviewer Matthew Greenwald wrote of the song: "Built around a lilting, gracious melody that vaguely recalls some of Wilson's doo wop influences, it's also somewhat akin to some of the contemporary (and mostly upcoming) ballad statements that folk-rock would embrace. ...Through the years, it has become known as one of the most treasured of Brian Wilson's more obscure album cuts. A quantum leap

This is a document about Please Let Me Wonder
  The backing track was recorded on January 7, 1965 at Western Studio. Wilson later remembered of the song, "I wrote that at my apartment in West Hollywood. As soon as I finished I felt I had to record it so I called up my engineer, Chuck Britz, and woke him up. 'Please Let Me Wonder' was recorded at 3:30 in the morning. I drove to the studio in the middle of the night and recorded it." The session logs indicate that the instrumental track was actually recorded between 7:00 p.m. and 10:30 p.m. Vocals were overdubbed on January 9.

This is a document about Please Let Me Wonder
  On February 15, 1965, "Please Let Me Wonder" was issued as the B-side of "Do You Wanna Dance?", the third single from The Beach Boys Today!. On February 28, the band (with Brian) appeared on Shindig! for a performance that included a truncated version of "Please Let Me Wonder". Billboard described the song as an "interesting and well done change of pace ballad."

This is a document about The Beatles' recording sessions
 Recordings "Please Please Me" (takes 1–18) – destroyed ; Mono mixed (from an unknown take) (30 November 1962) – released as a single on 11 January 1963; included on Please Please Me (mono) (2:03) ; Edit of takes 16, 17 & 18 (25 February 1963) ; Stereo mixed (25 February 1963) – released on Please Please Me (stereo) (2:01) ; "Ask Me Why" (takes 1–5) – destroyed ; "Ask Me Why" (take 6) – destroyed ; Mono mixed (30 November 1962) – released as the B-side to "Please Please Me" ; Mono mixed (25 February 1963) – released on Please Please Me (mono) (2:28) ; Stereo mixed (25 February 1963) – released on Please Please Me (stereo) (2:27) ; "Tip of My Tongue" (unknown number of takes) – destroyed Personnel George Harrison – backing vocals, lead guitar ; John Lennon – rhythm guitar, vocals, harmonica ; Paul McCartney – bass guitar, vocals ; Ringo Starr – drums George Martin – producer ; Norman Smith – engineer 7–10 pm Musicians: Production staff:

This is a document about Ask Me Why
  "Ask Me Why" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles originally released in the United Kingdom as the B-side of their single "Please Please Me". It was also included on their 1963 debut album Please Please Me. It was written primarily by John Lennon and credited to the Lennon–McCartney partnership.

This is a document about Felt (The Chain Gang of 1974 album)
  In late 2016, two tracks that would eventually appear on Felt were released on singles and extended plays while the album was still being recorded. "I Still Wonder", the album's third track, and "Slow", the opening track, were released in September and November 2016 respectively – the latter accompanied by a music video which premiered on Billboard and features Curt Smith of Tears for Fears. The video, comprising a single long take, was described by director Morgan Freed as a "showcase [of Mohager] as what he is: an artist telling a story." Mohager stated that the collaboration with Smith was "surreal moment", himself being a follower of Tears for

This is a document about Speak of the Devil (Chris Isaak album)
 Chris Isaak - vocals, guitar ; Hershel Yatovitz - guitar, vocals ; Rowland Salley - bass, vocals ; Kenney Dale Johnson - drums, vocals Rob Cavallo - additional guitar on "Please" and "Walk Slow" ; Curt Bisquera, Cynthia Corra, Dave Palmer, Frank Martin, Jamie Muhoberac, Jimmy Pugh, John Pierce, Julie Lorch, Mark Needham, Mary Dunaway, Matt Chamberlain, Patrick Warren, Steve Ferrone, Terry Wood, Weddy Waller - additional musicians ; Technical ; Chris Lord-Alge (tracks 1,2,5-8,11), Mark Needham (tracks 3,4,9,10,12-14) - mixing ; Chris Isaak (tracks 4-6,9,12-14), Erik Jacobsen (tracks 1-3,7-12), Rob Cavallo (track 4) - producer ; Melanie Nissen - photography with:

This is a document about Christine McVie (album)
  and backing vocals), and Steve Ferrone (drums and percussion). Fleetwood Mac guitarist Lindsey Buckingham sings backing vocals on tracks 2 (The Challenge), 7 (Who's Dreaming this Dream?) & 10 (The Smile I Live For), plays guitar on track 6 (Got a Hold on Me), and plays lead guitar on track 10 (The Smile I Live For). Mick Fleetwood plays drums on track 5 (Ask Anybody). Eric Clapton plays lead guitar on track 2 (The Challenge), and Steve Winwood shares lead vocals on track 4 (One in a Million) and contributes backing vocals and piano to track 5 (Ask Anybody), as well as playing synthesizer on several tracks.

This is a document about Stop! (album)
  ; Pete Brown – backing vocals ; Kevin Malpass – string arrangements ; "Stop!" ; Sam Brown – lead vocals; string arrangements ; Jakko Jakszyk – guitar ; Gavin Harrison – drums ; Ed Poole – bass guitar ; Kevin Malpass – Hammond organ; string arrangements ; Bob Andrews – Hammond organ solo ; Andy Price – 1st violin ; Mark Walton – 2nd violin ; Kate Musker – viola ; Peter Esswood – cello ; Vicki Brown – backing vocals ; Margo Buchanan – backing vocals ; "It Makes Me Wonder" ; Sam Brown – lead vocals ; Phil Palmer – guitars ; Roland Kerridge – drums ;

This is a document about Anthology 1
 The Beatles ; George Harrison – vocals, lead guitar ; John Lennon – vocals, rhythm guitar, harmonica ; Paul McCartney – vocals, bass guitar, rhythm guitar ; Ringo Starr – vocals, drums, percussion ; Pete Best – drums on "My Bonnie", "Ain't She Sweet", "Cry for a Shadow", "Searchin'", "Three Cool Cats", "The Sheik of Araby", "Like Dreamers Do", "Hello Little Girl", "Bésame Mucho", "Love Me Do" ; Stuart Sutcliffe – bass guitar on "Hallelujah, I Love Her So", "You'll Be Mine", "Cayenne" Additional musicians ; Colin Hanton – drums on "That'll Be the Day", "In Spite of All the Danger" ; John Lowe – piano on "That'll Be the Day", "In Spite of All the Danger" ; Tony Sheridan – lead vocal and lead guitar (guitar solo) on "My Bonnie" ; Andy White – drums on "Please Please Me"

This is a document about The Temptations Wish It Would Rain
  Included on Wish It Would Rain are the hit singles "I Wish It Would Rain" and "I Could Never Love Another (After Loving You)", both featuring Ruffin on lead vocals and co-written by Motown writer Rodger Penzabene, who committed suicide on New Year's Eve 1967 because of the breakup described in these two songs. "I Wish It Would Rain's" b-side, "I Truly, Truly Believe", is a rare solo showcase for Franklin, the group's bass singer. The third single, "Please Return Your Love to Me", features Kendricks on lead, and was released in July after Ruffin's departure. The song's b-side, "How Could I Forget" (led by Paul Williams), is not included here, because it was newly recorded on June 29 to accompany the a-side.

This is a document about Sometimes (Britney Spears song)
 Sometimes ; Britney Spears – lead vocals, background vocals ; Jörgen Elofsson – songwriting ; David Kreuger – producer, keyboards, programming ; Per Magnusson – producer, keyboards ; Anders von Hoffsten – background vocals ; Esbjörn Öhrwall – acoustic guitar, guitar ; Thomas Lindberg – bass guitar, bass, guitar ; Max Martin – mixing ; Tom Coyne – audio mastering I'm So Curious ; Britney Spears – lead vocals, background vocals, songwriting ; Eric Foster White – songwriting, producer, mixing, bass guitar, bass, guitar, keyboards, programming ; Dan Petty – acoustic guitar, guitar ; Tom Coyne – audio mastering Credits for "Sometimes" and "I'm So Curious" are taken from the single's liner notes.

This is a document about It Won't Be Soon Before Long
  "Makes Me Wonder" was released as the lead single from the album on March 27, 2007. It became the band's first number-one on the Billboard Hot 100 and Billboard Dance Club Songs charts. The song won the Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal at the 50th Grammy Awards, their second song to win the award. The song was among the most successful of 2007, and was their biggest hit until the release of "Moves like Jagger" by the band in 2011. It also reached number one in Canada and Hungary. The second single, "Wake Up Call", was released on July 6, 2007. It peaked at number three in the Belgium region

This is a document about The Beatles' recording sessions
 Recordings "How Do You Do It" (Murray) – destroyed ; Mono mixed (from take 2) ; Edited (1980s) – released on Anthology 1 (1:57) ; "Love Me Do" – destroyed ; Mono mixed (from an unknown take) – released as a single on 5 October 1962; included on Past Masters (2:25) and Mono Masters (2:25) Personnel George Harrison – acoustic and lead guitar, backing vocals ; John Lennon – harmonica, rhythm guitar, vocals ; Paul McCartney – bass guitar, vocals ; Ringo Starr – drums George Martin – producer ; Norman Smith – engineer 90 days after their EMI audition, the Beatles returned to EMI Studios, with their new drummer, Ringo Starr, to record their debut single in Studio 2. Before the session, they rehearsed five songs, including "Please Please Me", in Studio 3 with Ron Richards, between 2.30 and 5.30

This is a document about Christine McVie (album)
 Lindsey Buckingham – lead guitar on "The Smile I Live For", guitar on "Got a Hold on Me", background vocals on "The Challenge", "Who's Dreaming This Dream" and "The Smile I Live For" ; Mick Fleetwood – drums on "Ask Anybody" ; Steve Winwood – piano on "Ask Anybody", synthesizer on "One In a Million", "Ask Anybody", "Got a Hold on Me" and "The Smile I Live For", lead vocals on "One In a Million", background vocals on "One In a Million" and "Ask Anybody" ; Ray Cooper – percussion on "The Challenge", "So Excited", "Ask Anybody" and "The Smile I Live For" ; Eric Clapton – guitar on "The Challenge" ; Eddy Quintela – additional keyboards on "The Smile I Live For"

This is a document about Magnet (album)
 Robin Gibb - lead vocals ; Deconzo Smith - keyboards, guitar, bass guitar ; Janyelle Crawford - backing vocals on "No Doubt" ; Shane Dement - backing vocals on "No Doubt" ; Jud Mahoney - backing vocals on "Special" ; Emmanuel Officer - backing vocals on "Don't Rush", "Watching You", "Earth Angel" ; Grant Mitchell - keyboards, synthesizer, programming, backing vocals on "Wait Forever" ; Kevin Brown - guitar on "Wait Forever" ; Paul Holmes - backing vocals on "Wait Forever" ; Errol Reid - backing vocals on "Wait Forever", "Please", "Love Hurts" ; Graham Kearns - guitar on "Love Hurts" ; Michael Graves - keyboards, synthesizer and programming on "Please"

This is a document about The Beatles' recording sessions
  and lead guitar, backing vocals ; John Lennon – rhythm guitar, vocals, harmonica ; Paul McCartney – bass guitar, vocals ; Ringo Starr – maracas, tambourine ; Andy White – percussion, drums Ron Richards – producer ; Norman Smith – engineer Concerned with Ringo's drumming, the producers hired session drummer Andy White for another attempt at recording the Beatles' first single. In Studio 2, they recorded three songs with White drumming, while Ringo was relegated to maracas and tambourine. The best takes of "Love Me Do" and "P.S. I Love You" were mono mixed. An unknown amount of takes of "Please Please Me" were also recorded but none was used. The session tapes were later destroyed, thus there are

Brian Wilson sings lead on "Please Let Me Wonder" by The Beach Boys.