Question: when did the three point shot start in basketball

Answer: 1961

This is a document about Three-point field goal
  to compete with the NBA. Its ninth and final season concluded in the spring of1976. Three years later in June 1979, the NBA adopted the three-point line for a one-year trial for the 1979–80 season, despite the view of many that it was a gimmick. Chris Ford of the Boston Celtics is credited with making the first three-point shot in NBA history on October 12, 1979. The season opener at Boston Garden was more remarkable for the debut of Larry Bird (and two new head coaches). Rick Barry of the Houston Rockets, in his final season, also made one in the

This is a document about 1979–80 NBA season
 The NBA officially adopts the three-point field goal. Boston Celtics guard Chris Ford made the first three-pointer on October 12, 1979, against the Houston Rockets. ; The number of officials is reduced from three to two following a one-season experiment with three-man officiating crews. The three-official system will be re-adopted permanently for the 1988–89 season. ; The Jazz relocate from New Orleans, Louisiana, to Salt Lake City, Utah, and move from the Central Division to the Midwest Division (with the Indiana Pacers replacing them). ; The Kansas City Kings are forced to play most of the season at the Municipal Auditorium after the roof at Kemper Arena collapses due to high wind on June 4, 1979. The Kings played the 1972–73 and 1973–74 seasons at Municipal Auditorium while splitting

This is a document about Three-point field goal
  game, and Kevin Grevey of the Washington Bullets made one that Friday night as well. The sport's international governing body, FIBA, introduced the three-point line in 1984, at 6.25 m, and it made its Olympic debut in 1988 in Seoul, South Korea. The NCAA's Southern Conference became the first collegiate conference to use the three-point rule, adopting a 22 ft line for the 1980–81 season. Ronnie Carr of Western Carolina was the first to score a three-point field goal in college basketball history on November 29, 1980. Over the following five years, NCAA conferences differed in their use of the rule

This is a document about Three-point field goal
  a 22-foot line in the corners. “It made for interesting possibilities,” he wrote. After the ABL shut down in 1963, the three-point shot was adopted by the Eastern Professional Basketball League in its 1963–64 season. It was also popularized by the American Basketball Association (ABA), which introduced it in its inaugural 1967–68 season. ABA commissioner George Mikan stated that the three-pointer "would give the smaller player a chance to score and open up the defense to make the game more enjoyable for the fans". During the 1970s, the ABA used the three-point shot, along with the slam dunk, as a marketing

This is a document about List of National Basketball Association annual three-point field goal percentage leaders
  In basketball, a three-point field goal (also known as a "three-pointer" or "3-pointer") is a field goal made from beyond the three-point line, a designated arc radiating from the basket. A successful attempt is worth three points, in contrast to the two points awarded for shots made inside the three-point line. The National Basketball Association's (NBA) three-point shooting leader is the player with the highest three-point field goal percentage in a given season. The statistic was first recognized in the 1979–80 season when the three-point line was first implemented that season. To qualify as a three-point shooting leader, the player must have

This is a document about List of NCAA Division I men's basketball career 3-point scoring leaders
   A three-point field goal (also known as a "three-pointer" or "3-pointer") is a field goal in a basketball game, made from beyond the three-point line, a designated arc radiating from the basket. A successful attempt is worth three points, in contrast to the two points awarded for shots made inside the three-point line. The statistic was first recognized in the 1986–87 season when 3-point field goals were officially instituted by the NCAA. From the 1986–87 season through the 2007–08 season, the three-point perimeter was marked at 19ft 9in for both men's and women's college basketball. On May 3, 2007, the NCAA men's basketball rules committee passed a measure to extend the

This is a document about Purdue Fort Wayne Mastodons men's basketball statistical leaders
  1992–93 season (this was several years after the same statistics were recorded in D-I). While several conferences experimented with three-pointers earlier in the 1980s, official NCAA records for three-point shooting start for all divisions with the 1986–87 season, when use of the three-pointer was made mandatory throughout NCAA men's basketball with the distance being uniform throughout the sport. PFW's record books for single-game performances only include performances in the program's D-I era, and season and career three-point records date only to the national adoption of the three-pointer. The PFW record books include leaders in all other statistical categories in all seasons, whether or not the NCAA officially recorded those statistics in the relevant seasons. These lists are updated through the end of the 2020–21 season.

This is a document about Bob Knight
  defense. The 3-point shot was adopted by the NCAA in 1986, which was midway through Knight's coaching career. Although he opposed the rule change throughout his life, it did complement his offense well by improving the spacing on the floor. He sardonically said at the time that he supported institution of the three point shot because if a team's offense was functioning efficiently enough to get a layup the team should be rewarded with three points for that basket. Knight's offense also emphasized a two-count. Players in the post are expected to try to post in the paint for two seconds and if they do not receive the ball they go set a screen. Players with the ball are expected to

This is a document about Michael Jordan
  be effective on offense; three-point shooting was only introduced in 1979 and would not be a more fundamental aspect of the game until the first decades of the 21st century, with the NBA having to briefly shorten the line to incentivize more shots. Jordan's three-point shooting was better selected, resulting in three-point field goals made in important games during the playoffs and the Finals, such as hitting six consecutive three-point shots in Game 1 of the 1992 NBA Finals. Jordan shot 37%, 35%, 42%, and 37% in all the seasons he shot over 200 three-pointers, and also shot 38.5%, 38.6%, 38.9%, 40.3%, 19.4%, and

This is a document about List of NCAA Division I men's basketball players with 12 or more 3-point field goals in a game
  A three-point field goal (also known as a "three-pointer" or "3-pointer") is a field goal in a basketball game, made from beyond the three-point line, a designated arc radiating from the basket. A successful attempt is worth three points, in contrast to the two points awarded for shots made inside the three-point line. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) keeps records of the Division I 3-point field made in a game leaders. The statistic was first recognized in the 1986–87 season when 3-point field goals were officially instituted by the NCAA. From the 1986–87 season through the 2007–08 season, the three-point perimeter was marked at 19ft 9in for both men's and women's college basketball. On May 3, 2007, the NCAA men's

This is a document about List of National Basketball Association annual scoring leaders
  In basketball, points are accumulated through free throws or field goals. The National Basketball Association's (NBA) scoring title is awarded to the player with the highest points per game average in a given season. The scoring title was originally determined by total points scored through the 1968–69 season, after which points per game was used to determine the leader instead. The three-point field goal was introduced in the NBA at the start of the 1979–80 season. To qualify for the scoring title, a player must appear in at least 58 games (out of 82). However, a player who appears in fewer than 58 games may qualify as annual scoring leader if his point

This is a document about Chris Ford
  Christopher Joseph Ford (born January 11, 1949) is an American former professional basketball player and head coach. He is known for making the first counted NBA three-point shot in October 1979. A 6-foot-5 (1.96 m) guard, Ford played high school basketball at Holy Spirit High School in Absecon, New Jersey, before continuing on to Villanova University. He played 10 seasons (1972–1982) in the NBA as a member of the Detroit Pistons and Boston Celtics. Ford is credited with scoring the NBA's first three-point shot, for the Boston Celtics on October 12, 1979, in a game against the Houston Rockets at Boston Garden, which was also the debut game of Indiana State sensation Larry Bird. After winning a championship with the Celtics, he ended his

This is a document about List of NCAA Division I women's basketball season 3-point field goal leaders
  A three-point field goal (also known as a "three-pointer" or "3-pointer") is a field goal in a basketball game, made from beyond the three-point line, a designated arc radiating from the basket. A successful attempt is worth three points, in contrast to the two points awarded for shots made inside the three-point line. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) keeps records of the Division I 3-point field goal makes per game (3PG) average annual leaders. The statistic was first recognized in Division I women's basketball in the 1987–88 season, when the NCAA made the three-pointer a mandatory feature throughout women's basketball. From the 1987–88 season through

This is a document about Norm Drucker
  publicly advocate the adoption of the ABA's three-point basket and the use of three referees per game. The NBA adopted the three-point basket in 1979 and adopted the three-man officiating system for the 1978–79 season, although the league returned to two officials the next season. The three-official system returned in the 1988–89 season and has been used by the NBA ever since. As an administrator in the ABA and NBA, he recruited and/or trained young referees, many of whom had long, successful NBA careers, including Joe Crawford, Bernie Fryer, Ed Middleton, Jake O'Donnell, Jack Nies, Jim Clark, Wally Rooney,

This is a document about Basketball court
  not go in, and one if it does. The distance to the three-point line from the center of the basket varies depending on the level or league, and has changed several times. These are the current distances, with the league or level using each distance:  The NBA adopted the three-point line at the start of the 1979–80 season. This is of variable distance, ranging from 22 ft in the corners to 23.75 ft behind the top of the key. During the 1994–95, 1995–96 and 1996–97 seasons, the NBA attempted to address decreased scoring by shortening the overall distance of the line to a

This is a document about Alex English
 The NBA adopted the three-point line in the 1979–80 season. ; Incomplete statistics.

This is a document about ABA–NBA merger
  The three-point field goal was used in the ABA; the NBA originally disparaged it, but eventually adopted it in the 1979-80 season. Angelo Drossos, owner of the San Antonio Spurs: "When the leagues merged, the NBA moguls didn't want the 3-point shot. Red Auerbach hated it and said the Celtics would never go along with it. He had everybody up in arms against the play. Of course, a few years later Red drafted Larry Bird and suddenly he was all for it. And suddenly one of the bigger attractions at the All-Star Game is the 3-point shootout".

This is a document about Rules of basketball
  by waiting close to the basket. When the NBA started to allow zone defense in 2001, a three-second rule for defensive players was also introduced. The shot clock was first introduced by the NBA in 1954, to increase the speed of play. Teams were then required to attempt a shot within 24 seconds of gaining possession, and the shot clock would be reset when the ball touched the basket's rim or the backboard, or the opponents gained possession. FIBA adopted a 30-second shot clock two years later, resetting the clock when a shot was attempted. Women's basketball adopted a 30-second clock in 1971. The NCAA adopted a 45-second shot clock for men while continuing

This is a document about List of NCAA Division I women's basketball career 3-point scoring leaders
  A three-point field goal (also known as a "three-pointer" or "3-pointer") is a field goal in a basketball game, made from beyond the three-point line, a designated arc radiating from the basket. A successful attempt is worth three points, in contrast to the two points awarded for shots made inside the three-point line. The members on this list are the top 25 in 3-point field goals made in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I women's competition. The statistic was first recognized in the 1987–88 season, when 3-point field goals were officially instituted by the NCAA for women's play. From the 1987–88 season through the 2007–08

This is a document about 1986–87 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team
  After the adoption of a shot clock the previous season, another major change came to National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) men's basketball this year with the adoption of a three-point shot. The three-point line was set a 19 ft, where it would remain until it was increased to 20 ft at the beginning of the 2008-09 season. In May 1986, guards Horace Broadnax and Michael Jackson and guard-forward David Wingate all had graduated, and center Grady Mateen had transferred after his sophomore season to Ohio State during the off-season. The 1986-87 Hoyas thus returned only two starters and three upperclassmen from the previous year, and their heavy

The three-point shot in basketball was first used in the NBA for the 1979-80 season. It was adopted from the American Basketball Association (ABA) and was introduced to make the game more exciting and give smaller players a chance to score. The first three-point field goal in NBA history was made by Chris Ford of the Boston Celtics on October 12, 1979. The three-point line was introduced in international basketball in 1984 and made its Olympic debut at the 1988 Summer Olympics. The three-point line in basketball is


Question: when does frank become president in house of cards

Answer: Chapter 26

This is a document about List of fictional presidents of the United States (U–Z)
 President in House of Cards (Season 2–5) ; At the start of the series, he is the Democratic Majority Whip in the United States House of Representatives and a Congressman from South Carolina. He is initially promised the position of US Secretary of State by incoming President Garrett Walker but when Walker reneges, Underwood sets in motion a plan to replace Walker as president. ; The first half of his plan sees him become vice president after manipulating a situation to get incumbent Vice President Jim Matthews to run in the special election for his old position as Governor of Pennsylvania, with Frank destroying the campaign of Congressman Peter Russo. Frank then makes a

This is a document about House of Cards (American TV series)
  car off the road into a guard rail. Frank resigns as President, leaving Claire as the 47th President of the United States. The two await the proper moment for Claire to pardon him. This comes in the form of a military special operations unit finding and taking out the leader of ICO, which moves media focus away from Frank. Standing in the Oval Office, Claire appears to reconsider pardoning Frank, and ignores multiple concerned calls from him regarding the matter. The season ends with Claire ignoring Frank's call, then breaking the fourth wall to tell the viewers, "My turn."

This is a document about United States presidential line of succession in fiction
  he will then angle to be appointed Vice President under the terms of the 25th Amendment. He succeeds, then begins systematically undermining the President, causing the latter's effectiveness and popularity to plummet to the point where he resigns, allowing Underwood to assume the Presidency at the end of the series' second season. In season 4, Underwood is shot and temporarily incapacitated, leading to his Vice President, Donald Blythe, to become Acting President until Underwood finished healing. In Season 5, the Presidential election goes to the House of Representatives, but Frank's wife Claire Underwood is elected Vice President by the Senate before

This is a document about Claire Underwood
  be president, so that the two of them can run Washington together—she from the White House and he from the private sector. For the plan to work, however, Claire must pardon Frank, which would damage her politically. Frank resigns and Claire is sworn in as the 47th President of the United States. However, Claire does not announce that she is pardoning Frank in her first address to the nation as President. Frank calls her repeatedly, but she forwards the calls. She sees that Frank has burned a hole into the American flag in the Oval Office, and breaks the fourth wall, saying: "My turn."

This is a document about House of Cards (American TV series)
  Six months into his presidency, Frank pushes for a controversial jobs program called America Works. Determined not to be a "placeholder" President, Underwood reverses his previous pledge and runs in the 2016 election, competing against Heather Dunbar in the Democratic primaries. Meanwhile, Claire is named the U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations and faces a crisis in the Jordan Valley, which pits Frank against Russian President Viktor Petrov. When Petrov has an American gay rights activist arrested in Russia, the Underwoods persuade him to secure a release. However, Petrov demands that the activist apologize on Russian television, leading the activist to kill himself while being visited by Claire. Later, after Russian troops are killed in the Jordan

This is a document about List of fictional presidents of the United States (U–Z)
  Will Conway. During her acting term, Claire proposes a new election in Ohio and Tennessee that is adopted by Congress and sees the Underwood's win after leaking damaging recordings of Conway and his vice presidential candidate, General Ted Brockhart. ; Claire resumes her new role as vice president once Frank resumes office in mid February 2017 but Frank is continually hounded by congressional investigations into his past. Frank, with the help of Chief of Staff Doug Stamper, manipulates events to allow a face saving resignation. ; Therefore, Claire is sworn in as the 47th President of the United States on March 15, 2017 after Frank submits his resignation. This concludes Season 5. ; Played by: Robin Wright ; Political Party: Democrat

This is a document about House of Cards (American TV series)
  Frank Underwood, a power-hungry Democratic congressman from South Carolina and House majority whip, celebrates the 2012 election of President Garrett Walker, who had agreed to appoint him Secretary of State. However, Underwood learns that the President wants him to promote his agenda in Congress and will not honor their agreement. Inwardly seething, Underwood presents himself as a helpful lieutenant to Walker. In reality, Underwood begins an elaborate plan behind the President's back. Frank's wife Claire runs an NGO, the Clean Water Initiative, which she uses to cultivate her own power; she seeks to expand its scope to the international stage, often using Frank's connections. Claire shares her husband's cold-hearted, ruthless pragmatism

This is a document about List of fictional presidents of the United States (U–Z)
 President in House of Cards (Season 5-present) ; At the start of the series, she is the CEO of Clean Water Initiative (CWI), a charitable organization. She has also been married for over 20 years to Frank Underwood, a Democratic Congressman from South Carolina. She is a crucial part in helping Frank manipulate his way into the Presidency after he is betrayed for the Secretary of State nomination by new President Garrett Walker. ; In season 2, she is the new Second Lady of the United States from December 2013 after Frank becomes Walker's vice president. By the end of this season, she becomes First Lady of the United States in October 2014 when Frank ensures Walker's resignation and his own ascension

This is a document about House of Cards (season 6)
   From March to October 2018, Netflix released various promotional material for the sixth and final season of House of Cards. On March 4, the first teaser premiered during the 90th Academy Awards ceremony. The teaser shows Robin Wright in the Oval Office as President Claire Underwood, declaring "We're just getting started," followed by an intertitle reading "Hail to the Chief". On June 10, Netflix released two first-look images from the final season. The first photo shows Wright listening to director Alik Sakharov, and the second shows her looking straight at the camera. On July 4, the 242nd anniversary of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence, a

This is a document about Female president of the United States in popular culture
  president, Laura Montez, played by Andrea Savage, is also a woman, the running mate of opposition candidate Bill O'Brian. Meyer wins re-election in 2020 (albeit through Chinese election interference and a series of compromising acts at her party's brokered convention) and serves a single full term. At Meyer's funeral in 2045, a former successful two-term president, Kemi Talbot (a progressive rival to Meyer during the 2020 primaries and the brokered convention), played by Toks Olagundoye, delivers the main eulogy. ; In the Netflix TV series House of Cards, which began in 2013, Robin Wright plays Claire Underwood, who becomes

This is a document about Frank Underwood (House of Cards)
  mass casualties. Netflix hasn't said how many seasons are to come, but it's hard to imagine the show being watchable for all that much longer now that this rubicon of despicability has been crossed." Some compared Underwood's story line in season 4 to the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Brian Moyland of The Guardian wrote: "House of Cards has never felt like the real presidency: Frank Underwood is evil incarnate, bumping off junior Congressmen and pushing journalists in front of trains. But now that, in real life, we're in the throes of such a bizarre presidential race, his machinations are starting to look almost viable. There are several parallels between Underwood's re-election campaign and the 2016 campaigns of Donald Trump, Ted Cruz, Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders."

This is a document about House of Cards (season 6)
  message was posted on House of Cards official Twitter account, with President Claire Underwood saying, "Happy Independence Day... to me." The message is followed by the hashtag #MyTurn. On August 7, Netflix announced that the season would be released on November 2, 2018, and unveiled key art. The poster pays homage to the promotional image for the first season of the series, as Wright strikes the Lincoln Memorial pose, like Kevin Spacey had done before her. On August 27, four images were published via a press release, which depict new cast members Diane Lane, Greg Kinnear and Cody Fern in their roles as members of the Shepherd

This is a document about List of fictional presidents of the United States (A–B)
 President in: House of Cards ; Acting President after the attempted assassination of President Frank Underwood ; Signs the Presidential Incapacitation Certificate in Chapter 43; Underwood declares himself fit and is reinstated in Chapter 45 ; Party: Democratic

This is a document about Claire Underwood
  (now Republican-controlled) will decide the President and the Senate (Democrat-controlled) for the Vice President, the first instance of this happening for the President since the 1824 presidential election and the first time for the Vice President since the 1836 presidential election. Claire eventually wins when Blythe issues a bill to block any filibuster in the Senate; while the House cannot reach a majority. In the meantime, Claire is sworn in as Acting President of the United States and begins to exert her limited power by excluding Frank from certain presidential functions, such as the swearing-in of the new Justice of the Supreme Court. During her

This is a document about List of fictional presidents of the United States (U–Z)
  Tennessee that is adopted by Congress and sees the Underwood's win after leaking damaging recordings of Conway and his vice presidential candidate, General Ted Brockhart. ; Underwood is then sworn in for a new term in mid February 2017 but is immediately dogged by impeachment hearings due to his past efforts to gain the Presidency. With the help of his chief of staff, Doug Stamper, Underwood spins what really happened with his crimes and uses it to face savingly resign as president on March 15, 2017 so he can enter the private sector and gain more power in the shadows whilst Claire is president. ; Played by: Kevin Spacey ; Political Party: Democrat

This is a document about Frank Underwood (House of Cards)
  Gaffney, South Carolina. He graduated from The Sentinel (a fictionalized version of The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina) in 1980 and, subsequently, Harvard Law School in 1984. Some of Underwood's dialogue throughout the series is presented in a direct address to the audience, a narrative technique that breaks the fourth wall. The character speaks with a Southern accent. During season 1, he is the Democratic Majority Whip in the United States House of Representatives. In season 2, he is the newly appointed Vice President of the United States, before becoming President of the United States in the season finale. Underwood has been described as conniving, Machiavellian, sociopathic, and a symbol

This is a document about Ben Wyatt (Parks and Recreation)
  award for giving Leslie room to speak her mind instead of reading scripted speeches. Through a series of flash-forwards in the final episode, it is revealed that Ben's congressional campaign was successful and is now a representative from Indiana for the House of Representatives. In 2025, he and Leslie are both given the opportunity to run as Governor of Indiana, and Ben ultimately decides to let Leslie run, once again managing her ultimately successful campaign. By 2048, it is implied that at least one of them has been elected President of the United States, with Ben wearing a flag lapel pin and being acknowledged first by someone who appeared to be a member of the Secret Service.

This is a document about House of Cards (season 2)
  Francis spends most of the season as the newly appointed Vice President of the United States. In early episodes Frank vanquishes reporters on the trail of a murder he committed in the previous season. However, the drama soon shifts to tensions involving Frank, President Walker, the Chinese government, and billionaire businessman Raymond Tusk, eventually culminating in a bitter political war between Frank and Tusk. Frank's wife Claire publicly reveals that she was raped in college by a prominent general and pursues anti-rape legislation. The most significant new character is Jackie Sharp, Frank's successor as House Whip, who soon finds herself embroiled in Frank's plans. As the war between Frank and Tusk consumes the Presidency, things culminate in a scandal that leads to Walker resigning, Tusk being arrested, and Frank ascending to the Oval Office.

This is a document about List of fictional presidents of the United States (U–Z)
  agreeing to make Claire his VP candidate in 2016, manipulating the DNC to do so. ; Runs against Republican Governor of New York Will Conway in the 2016 election. Underwood uses fear of terrorism to stir up his popularity against the more popular Conway and on Election Day he abuses presidential power to force Ohio and Tennessee into a scenario where their results cannot be certified, thus throwing the election of President to the House of Representatives. Claire briefly becomes Acting President of the United States for four weeks in January and February 2017 due to the House being unable to choose between Frank and Conway. Claire proposes a new election in Ohio

This is a document about List of fictional presidents of the United States (U–Z)
  and a rebelling Democratic party. After initially pledging to not run in 2016, Frank uses Congress forcing him to de-fund his 'America Works' job program (a massive reform of social security and medical benefits to pay for new jobs) to enter the 2016 primaries. He runs primarily against former Solicitor General Heather Dunbar in the Democratic primary. ; During this campaign, Underwood is incapacitated due to assassination attempt in March 2016 and is sidelined for two weeks, his duties fulfilled by VP Donald Blythe in an acting capacity. Prior to this attempt, Underwood's wife Claire had left him and it had been covered up. They resumed their relationship after the assassination attempt, with

Frank Underwood becomes President of the United States in the fifth season of "House of Cards."


Question: who played the masked dorian in the mask

Answer: Peter Greene

This is a document about The Mask
  A film version of The Mask was released in the United States on July 29, 1994, starring Jim Carrey in the title role. Directed by Chuck Russell, the film co-starred Peter Greene as Dorian Tyrell, Peter Riegert as Lt. Mitch Kellaway, Orestes Matacena as Niko, Richard Jeni as Charlie Schumacher, Amy Yasbeck as Peggy Brandt, and Cameron Diaz, in her screen debut, as Tina Carlyle. Ben Stein has a cameo role as Dr. Arthur Neuman. While there were early efforts to take the film in the direction of horror (some at New Line Cinema saw it as a replacement for their fading A Nightmare on Elm Street franchise), it was never completely intended as a

This is a document about The Mask (1994 film)
  The Mask is a 1994 American superhero comedy film directed by Chuck Russell, produced by Bob Engelman, and written by Mike Werb, loosely based on the Mask comics published by Dark Horse Comics. The first installment in the The Mask franchise, it stars Jim Carrey in the title role, Peter Riegert, Peter Greene, Amy Yasbeck, Richard Jeni, and Cameron Diaz in her film debut. Carrey plays Stanley Ipkiss, a hapless, everyday bank clerk who finds a magical mask that transforms him into The Mask, a green-faced troublemaker with the ability to cartoonishly alter himself and his surroundings at will. He starts using these powers to fight crime, only to become targeted by Dorian Tyrell, a gangster who desires to overthrow his superior. The

This is a document about The Boys from Syracuse
 The Masks: Robert Sidney, Harry Peterson ; Singing Policeman: Bob Lawrence ; Another Policeman: James Wilkinson ; Antipholus of Ephesus: Ronald Graham ; Dromio of Ephesus: Teddy Hart ; Dancing Policeman: George Church ; Tailor: Clifford Dunstan ; Tailor's Apprentice: Burl Ives ; Antipholus of Syracuse: Eddie Albert ; Dromio of Syracuse: Jimmy Savo ; Merchant of Syracuse: Byron Shores ; Duke of Ephesus: Carroll Ashburn ; Aegeon: John O'Shaughnessy ; Luce: Wynn Murray ; Adriana: Muriel Angelus ; Luciana: Marcy Westcott ; Sorcerer: Owen Martin ; Courtesan: Betty Bruce ; Secretary to Courtesan: Heidi Vosseler ; Angelo: John Clarke ; Merchant of Ephesus: Clifford Dunstan ; Seeress: Florence Fair

This is a document about The Mask (1994 film)
 1) Opening – The Origin of the Mask ; 2) Tina ; 3) Carnival ; 4) Transformation ; 5) Tango In The Park ; 6) Lovebirds ; 7) Out of the Line of Fire ; 8) A Dark Night ; 9) The Man Behind the Mask ; 10) Dorian Gets a New Face ; 11) Looking for a Way Out ; 12) The Search ; 13) Forked Tongue ; 14) Milo to the Rescue ; 15) The Mask Is Back ; 16) Finale The record labels TriStar Music and Epic Soundtrax released an orchestral score soundtrack to The Mask after the original soundtrack's release. The score was composed and conducted by Randy Edelman, performed by the Irish Film Orchestra, recorded at Windmill Lane Studios Ireland.

This is a document about List of actors who have played multiple roles in the same film
  the Prince of Wales and Footpad in The Elusive Pimpernel (1950) ; Louis Hayward as Louis XIV and Philippe of Gascony in The Man in the Iron Mask (1939) ; Louis Hayward as Edwin Jekyll and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde in The Son of Dr. Jekyll (1951) ; Bella Heathcote as Victoria Winters and Josette du Pres in Dark Shadows (2012) ; Brigitte Helm as Maria and her robot double in Metropolis (1927) ; Kevin Heffernan as Phil "Landfill" Krundle, Gil "Landfill" Krundle, and Random Sausage Lady in Beerfest (2006) ; Michael Herbig as Abahachi and Winnetouch in Der Schuh des Manitu (2001) ; Freddie Highmore as Jared and Simon Grace in The Spiderwick

This is a document about Anna Hamilton Phelan
 Mask (1985)

This is a document about Beyond the Mask
  attempt to furnish a swashbuckling historical yarn for Christian audiences...onscreen memories...makes a pretty odd fit with Will’s spiritual journey." Chang was positive about the performances, calling the lead actors "likeable leads" and "Rhys Davies['s]...bellicose, two-dimensional villainy makes for undeniably enjoyable viewing." Movieguide gave the film a largely negative review, concluding that “BEYOND THE MASK is a low quality movie. The story is drawn out for no apparent reason, and the production is television quality.” The Los Angeles Times, stated that the film seemed a "stagy, overstuffed costume drama". They also called the film "preachy" and complained of a "cut-and-paste script by Stephen Kendrick and Paul McCusker that manages to drag into the fray Benjamin Franklin (Alan Madlane), who dutifully proceeds to offer up a medley of his greatest quotes."

This is a document about The Mask (franchise)
  In March 2020, Jim Carrey was rumored to be reprising his role as the Mask in both a reboot of The Mask: Animated Series (set to air on HBO Max) and a direct sequel to the original 1994 film. These reports are currently unconfirmed.

This is a document about Jeremy Irons
  the romantic drama M. Butterfly (1993), voiced Scar in Disney's The Lion King (1994), played Simon Gruber in the action film Die Hard with a Vengeance (1995), Humbert Humbert in Lolita (1997) and Aramis in The Man in the Iron Mask (1998). He starred in the action adventure Dungeons & Dragons (2000), played Antonio in The Merchant of Venice (2004), appeared in Being Julia (2004), the historical drama Kingdom of Heaven (2005), the fantasy-adventure Eragon (2006), the Western Appaloosa (2008), and the indie drama Margin Call (2011). In 2016, he appeared in Assassin's Creed and portrayed Alfred Pennyworth in Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, Justice League (2017),

This is a document about Anaplastology
  In the 1986 musical, Andrew Lloyd Weber's The Phantom of the Opera, the character Erik wears a facial mask to hide his facial deformities. In the 2004 film, The Libertine, John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, as portrayed by American actor Johnny Depp is shown to wear a facial mask to cover the sores on his face caused by syphilis. In the 2010 television show Boardwalk Empire, the character Richard Harrow wears a tin mask with glasses to hide the disfigurement of his face he endured during his service as a soldier in World War I.

This is a document about Doane Perry
 The Blue Mask (1982)

This is a document about Jeremy Irons
  of the Spirits (1993) appearing again with Glenn Close and Meryl Streep. What's more, he lent his deep baritone voice as Scar in The Lion King (1994). Afterwards, he portrayed as Simon Gruber in Die Hard with a Vengeance (1995), co-starring Bruce Willis and Samuel L. Jackson, Bernardo Bertolucci's Stealing Beauty (1996), the 1997 remake of Lolita, and as the musketeer Aramis opposite Leonardo DiCaprio in the 1998 film version of The Man in the Iron Mask. Other roles include the wicked wizard Profion in the film Dungeons and Dragons (2000) and Rupert Gould in Longitude (2000). He played the

This is a document about Penny Dreadful (TV series)
 Reeve Carney as Dorian Gray, a charismatic man who is ageless and immortal. ; Timothy Dalton as Malcolm Murray, a hardened explorer of the African continent, on a deeply personal quest to save the remaining members of his family. ; Eva Green as Vanessa Ives, an enigmatic, quietly driven heroine who proves herself a force to be reckoned with as she battles powerful, relentless forces from the underworld. ; Rory Kinnear as the Creature, a creation Frankenstein abruptly abandoned, who, not given a name, variously uses the aliases Caliban and John Clare. ; Billie Piper as Brona Croft / Lily Frankenstein, an Irish immigrant seeking to escape her brutal, violent past. ; Danny Sapani as Sembene, a mysterious, long-time ally of Malcolm (seasons 1–2). ; Harry Treadaway as Victor Frankenstein, an arrogant, socially inept young doctor whose ambition

This is a document about Peter Sarsgaard
  His performance in the play received favorable reviews amongst critics. His next film roles were in a series of independent features: Another Day in Paradise (1997), part of an ensemble cast that included James Woods, Melanie Griffith, Vincent Kartheiser, and Natasha Gregson Wagner, and In Desert Blue (1998), where he had a supporting role in the film. He received a substantial role in the 1998 film The Man in the Iron Mask, where he played Raoul, the ill-fated son of John Malkovich's dueling Musketeer, Athos. The film uses characters from Alexandre Dumas' d'Artagnan Romances, and is very loosely adapted from some plot elements of The Vicomte de Bragelonne. The film received ambivalent reviews, but was a success at the box office, earning $182 million worldwide.

This is a document about Irene Adler
  (flashback), in which Holmes and Watson, while waiting for the new information on his current case, remember their encounter with Irene Adler (played by Larisa Solovyova). In the 1984 made-for-TV film The Masks of Death, a widowed Irene Adler, played by Anne Baxter, is a guest at Graf Udo Von Felseck (Anton Diffring)'s country house where Holmes (Peter Cushing) and Watson (John Mills) are investigating the supposed disappearance of a visiting prince. Although Holmes initially considers her a suspect, she proves her innocence and becomes an ally. In the 1991 television film Sherlock Holmes and the Leading Lady, Irene Adler (Morgan Fairchild) reunites with an ageing Holmes (Christopher Lee) when a murder happens during her performance in Vienna. Holmes and Adler, whose flirtatious relationship with Sherlock is similar

This is a document about Peter Cushing
  mansion. Cushing appeared in the television film The Masks of Death (1984), marking both the last time he played detective Sherlock Holmes and the final performance for which he received top billing. He appeared alongside actor John Mills as Watson, and the two were noted by critics for their strong chemistry and camaraderie. As both actors were in their seventies, screenwriter N.J. Crisp and executive producer Kevin Francis both in turn sought to portray them as two old-fashioned men in a rapidly changing world. Cushing's biographer Tony Earnshaw said Cushing's performance in The Masks of Death was arguably the actor's best interpretation

This is a document about The Mask of Zorro
  The Mask of Zorro is a 1998 American swashbuckler film based on the character of the masked vigilante Zorro created by Johnston McCulley. It was directed by Martin Campbell and stars Antonio Banderas, Anthony Hopkins, Catherine Zeta-Jones, and Stuart Wilson. The film features the original Zorro, Don Diego de la Vega (Hopkins), escaping from prison to find his long-lost daughter (Zeta-Jones) and avenge the death of his wife at the hands of the corrupt governor Rafael Montero (Wilson). He is aided by his successor (Banderas), who is pursuing his own vendetta against the governor's right-hand man while falling in love with de la Vega's daughter. Executive producer Steven Spielberg had initially developed the

This is a document about The Mask (1921 film)
  The Mask is a 1921 American silent mystery film directed by Bertram Bracken and starring Jack Holt, Hedda Nova and Michael D. Moore.

This is a document about The Man Behind the Mask
  The Man Behind the Mask is a 1936 British mystery film directed by Michael Powell and starring Hugh Williams, Jane Baxter, Ronald Ward, Maurice Schwartz, George Merritt, Henry Oscar and Peter Gawthorne. A man assaults and switches places with another at a masked ball, and then attempts a major theft – casting suspicion on the original man. The Man Behind the Mask was produced by Joe Rock, for Joe Rock Productions. It was made at one of the Elstree Studios. The Man Behind the Mask was missing from the BFI National Archive, and was one of three Powell films included on the British Film Institute's "75 Most Wanted" list of lost films. It is the last of Powell's "quota quickies". A print of the American release, titled Behind the Mask, has been found, but it is a cut version of the original UK film.

This is a document about The Mask
  the plot instead focuses on another man (played by Jamie Kennedy) who finds the mask and unintentionally conceives a child while wearing it. The result is a son who possesses the powers of the mask without needing to wear it. At the same time, Loki (played by Alan Cumming), the Norse God and original creator of the mask, searches the human world attempting to find it. Ben Stein reprises his role of Dr. Arthur Neuman from the first film. He is involved in the film to reestablish the relationship between the mask and its creator, Loki. He is the only actor to appear in both films as well as the animated series.

Peter Greene played the masked Dorian in "The Mask" film.


Question: who wrote a book on investigation introduced the word criminalistics

Answer: Hans Gross

This is a document about Hans Gross
  Gross's book was written to cover philosophical and systematic aspects of criminology. In 1893, his book Criminal Investigations, a Practical Textbook (Handbuch für Untersuchungsrichter als System der Kriminalistik) was published. The purpose of the book was to make up for a deficiency in criminalistics. He wrote it as an instructive book, focusing on human nature and the motives of a criminal. He presents his theories through psychological and material elements. Gross especially expanded on body language and the importance of the judge and the witness involved in a criminal case. He observes the behaviors of murderers, arsonists, thieves, and counterfeiters. Gross strongly focuses on the failings and inconsistencies of the judges and witnesses, the importance of materialistic evidence, and relating facts with reason. He believed that the study of psychology allowed one to understand the motives of criminals. Also, he relates chemistry, physics, botany, secret codes, and the use of blood to further determine facts and motives. He believed an overall education in these studies proved beneficial, especially to judges and investigating officers.

This is a document about Hans Gross
  Hans Gross made his mark in the world as a criminologist. He is associated with being the creator of the field of criminology after establishing the study at the Institute of Criminology in Graz. Throughout his life, he assisted in advancing the crime investigation world, especially in 1893 when the practice of criminology became more widespread. Introducing new investigation and observation techniques, such as crime scene photography and examining fingerprints, changed how the justice system functioned. His book, Handbuch für Untersuchungsrichter als System der Kriminalistik, contains revolutionary methods and ideas that greatly broadened criminal science. One of New York's famous Detective Agencies is named after him the Gross Investigation Bureau.

This is a document about Forensic science
  hypothesis is likely". Handbook for Coroners, police officials, military policemen was written by the Austrian criminal jurist Hans Gross in 1893, and is generally acknowledged as the birth of the field of criminalistics. The work combined in one system fields of knowledge that had not been previously integrated, such as psychology and physical science, and which could be successfully used against crime. Gross adapted some fields to the needs of criminal investigation, such as crime scene photography. He went on to found the Institute of Criminalistics in 1912, as part of the University of Graz' Law School. This Institute was

This is a document about Hans Gross
  Gross noticed the faults in the justice system early on in his career. His efforts focused on expanding deep investigation, professional ethics, and the scientific method. He defined criminal psychology from a technical viewpoint, considering it as pure research. Along with studying a person's behaviors, Gross stressed the use of careful judgement due to often misleading evidence. His view of research, technical evidence, and methods also led to the creation of the "crime scene." Relating the concept of the crime scene, Gross explains the necessity of balancing emotion with evidence and evidence with logic. Gross fully introduced the concept of criminalistics in 1893,

This is a document about Hans Gross
  Printed Criminalist. 2019, 18: 24-42. (in Russian) ; Mühlbacher, Thomas. Elementary, my dear Holmes! Hans Gross, Father of Criminalistics, and Arthur Conan Doyle. Translation from English into Russian by Sergei Nezhurbida . The First Printed Criminalist. 2019, 18: 11-23. (in Russian) ; Grassberger, Roland. Hans Gross (1847-1915). Translation from English into Russian by Sergei Nezhurbida . The First Printed Criminalist. 2017, 14: 75-87. (in Russian) ; Kaempffert, Waldemar. Criminal Communications. Translation from English into Russian by Sergei Nezhurbida . The First Printed Criminalist. 2016. 13: 104-118. (in Russian) ; Kaempffert, Waldemar. Crime-Master and How He Works. Translation from English into Russian by Sergei Nezhurbida . The First Printed Criminalist. 2016, 12: 138-157. (in Russian)

This is a document about John J. O'Connell
  books on police practice and procedure which were later adopted as standard textbooks for law enforcement training. His best known work, "Modern Criminal Investigation" (1935), was co-written with Harry Söderman and outlined early scientific and psychological methods of crime detection. In 1941, he became assistant Chief Inspector. He left the police academy when he was appointed Chief Police Inspector by then Police Commissioner Lewis Valentine on July 7, 1942. He remained chief inspector for three years until his retirement in 1945. After a long illness, he died at Doctors Hospital on October 18, 1946. He was survived by his wife Helen, his son John Jr. and two grandchildren.

This is a document about Psychoanalytic criminology
  Psychoanalytic criminology may be said to have begun with a 1911 study of parricide; but its real foundation came in 1916 when Freud published Criminality from a Sense of Guilt, in which he maintained that many criminals were driven by unconscious guilt which preceded the crime and led to a need for punishment. In applying psychoanalysis to the question of determining guilt or innocence in any given case, Freud was insistent however that analysis could only identify the guilty impulse, not necessarily the act itself. Another major contribution came in 1929 with the book by Franz Alexander and Hugo Staub entitled The Criminal, the

This is a document about Criminal psychology
 1) amount of planning that went into the crime, ; 2) degree of control used by the offender, ; 3) escalation of emotion at the scene, ; 4) risk level of both the offender and victim, and ; 5) appearance of the crime scene (disorganized versus organized). A major part of criminal psychology, known as criminal profiling, began in the 1940s. The United States Office of Strategic Services asked William L. Langer's brother Walter C. Langer, a well renowned psychiatrist, to draw up a profile of Adolf Hitler. After the Second World War, British psychologist Lionel Haward, while working for the Royal Air Force police, drew up

This is a document about Forensic geology
  According to Murray, forensic geology began with Sherlock Holmes writer, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. The character Sherlock Holmes claimed to be able to identify where an individual had been by various methods, including his having memorized the exposed geology of London to such a degree that detecting certain clays on a person's shoe would give away a locale. Georg Popp, of Frankfurt, Germany, may have been the first to use soil analysis for linking suspects to a crime scene. In 1891, Hans Gross used microscopic analysis of soils and other materials from a suspect's shoes to link him to the crime scene.

This is a document about Early timeline of Nazism
  chaos. While not an anti-Semite, his work is often characterized as philosemitic (since he wrote positively about the Jews), but it is still considered an early manifestation of scientific racism. Historian Joachim C. Fest, in his biography of Hitler, claims that Arthur de Gobineau's negative views on race mixing influenced Hitler and thereby, the ideology of Nazism. ; 1888: German jurist and international law reformer, Franz von Liszt argues that criminal characteristics are innate as opposed to being determined by a person's social environment and coins the term, Kriminalbiologie (Criminal Biology), a theory that would later influence Nazi anthropologists and racial hygiene proponents in their justification for sterilization and euthanasia.

This is a document about Edwin Sutherland
  He was the author of the leading text Criminology, published in 1924, first stating the principle of differential association in the third edition retitled Principles of Criminology (1939:4–8) that the development of habitual patterns of criminality arise from association with those who commit crime rather than with those who do not commit crime. The theory also had a structural element positing that conflict and social disorganisation are the underlying causes of crime because they the patterns of people associated with. This latter element was dropped when the fourth edition was published in 1947. But he remained convinced that social class was a relevant factor, coining the phrase white-collar criminal in a speech to the American Sociological Association on December 27, 1939. In his 1949 monograph ''White-Collar Criminology '' he defined a white-collar crime "approximately as a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation."

This is a document about The Criminal (Havelock Ellis)
  United Kingdom. The criminal was the only British book, published between 1880 and 1918, solely based on Cesare Lombroso's theories on criminal anthropology. Studies on criminals or criminality in general had been conducted in England prior to the publication of The criminal. These studies were conducted independently of the field of criminal anthropology, which was scarcely known in the second half of the nineteenth century. Regardless of the lack of enthusiasm in the British scientific community, Ellis found the topic relevant and important for society. When researching for his book, Ellis was disappointed that his peers did not share his enthusiasm and had little or no knowledge at all about criminal anthropology.

This is a document about Criminology
  In the mid-18th century, criminology arose as social philosophers gave thought to crime and concepts of law. The term criminology was coined in 1885 by Italian law professor Raffaele Garofalo as . Later, French anthropologist Paul Topinard used the analogous French term . Paul Topinard's major work appeared in 1879. In the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, scholars of crime focused on reform of criminal law and not on the causes of crime. Scholars such as Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham were more concerned with the humanitarian aspects of dealing with criminals and reforming criminal laws. Criminology grew substantially as a discipline in the first quarter

This is a document about Jerome Hall
  Hall was a renowned scholar in comparative law, criminal law, and jurisprudence. He was among the first scholars to analyze legal problems through an interdisciplinary approach. He published his first book, Theft, Law and Society, in 1935; even then his interdisciplinary approach to legal analysis could be seen: "One great effect is and will be the fact that it stimulates one's thinking along all the allied fields…. The author realizes that crime is behavior.  If those who defend individualization of punishment and those who are sceptical [sic] of all individualization of punishment will read this chapter, I think that there will be much more sense displayed in the writing and the talking on this subject." In one of his best known works,

This is a document about Crime
  criminal law grew out of what 21st-century lawyers would call torts; and, in real terms, many acts and omissions classified as crimes actually overlap with civil-law concepts. The development of sociological thought from the 19th century onwards prompted some fresh views on crime and criminality, and fostered the beginnings of criminology as a study of crime in society. Nietzsche noted a link between crime and creativity – in The Birth of Tragedy he asserted: "The best and brightest that man can acquire he must obtain by crime". In the 20th century, Michel Foucault in Discipline and Punish made a study of criminalization as a coercive method of state control.

This is a document about Art in Nazi Germany
  in the courtyard of the headquarters of the Berlin Fire Department. The term Entartung (or "degeneracy") had gained popularity in Germany by the late 19th century when the critic and author Max Nordau devised the theory presented in his 1892 book, Entartung. Nordau drew upon the writings of the criminologist Cesare Lombroso, whose The Criminal Man, published in 1876, attempted to prove that there were "born criminals" whose atavistic personality traits could be detected by scientifically measuring abnormal physical characteristics. Nordau developed from this premise a critique of modern art, explained as the work of those so corrupted and enfeebled by modern life that they have

This is a document about Hans Gross
  Hans Gustav Adolf Gross or Groß (26 December 1847 – 9 December 1915) was an Austrian criminal jurist and criminologist, the "Founding Father" of criminal profiling. A criminal jurist, Gross made a mark as the creator of the field of criminality. Throughout his life, Hans Gross made significant contributions to the realm of scientific criminology. As Gross developed in his career as an examining justice, he noticed the failings of the field of law. His book, classes, institutions, and methods helped improve the justice system through his experience as a justice.

This is a document about Forensic science
  prestige of forensics and the use of reasoning in detective work was the popularity of the fictional character Sherlock Holmes, written by Arthur Conan Doyle in the late 19th century. He remains a great inspiration for forensic science, especially for the way his acute study of a crime scene yielded small clues as to the precise sequence of events. He made great use of trace evidence such as shoe and tire impressions, as well as fingerprints, ballistics and handwriting analysis, now known as questioned document examination. Such evidence is used to test theories conceived by the police, for example,

This is a document about Archibald Reiss
  Rodolphe Archibald Reiss (8 July 1875 – 7 August 1929) was a German–Swiss criminology-pioneer, forensic scientist, professor and writer.

This is a document about Feminist school of criminology
  The earliest theories about women’s criminality focused mainly on psychological and physiological traits, rather than social or economic ones. These theories, most advanced by male scholars and criminologists, have been heavily criticized for drawing on assumptions on “the nature of women”, and many have since been discredited. Italian criminologist Cesare Lombroso applied phrenology and anthropological criminology to his theorizing on female crime, separating the “normal woman” from the “criminal woman”, the latter of whom was seen as less feminine and therefore more likely to be criminal. American sociologist W.I. Thomas advanced the idea that delinquent women engage in sexual deviance (such as prostitution) to manipulate men’s sexual desires in order to get what they want. To Sigmund Freud, female criminals were experiencing what he called “penis envy”, acting out aggressively and rebelliously in their longing for their penis and manhood.

Hans Gross wrote a book on investigation, titled "Criminal Investigation: A Handbook for Practical Use," in which he introduced the word "criminalistics."


Question: who is the actor that plays buck on 911

Answer: Oliver Stark

This is a document about Oliver Stark
  Stark's first professional acting job came in 2011 when he was cast in David Alexander's short film Follow for the UK Film Council. Stark then went on to have guest roles on iconic British shows Luther and Casualty. Stark then had a number of film roles (Underworld Blood Wars) and other TV roles before starring as series regular, Ryder, in AMC's martial arts-based drama Into the Badlands in 2015. Stark currently plays young firefighter Evan "Buck" Buckley, a series main character on the Fox drama, 9-1-1.

This is a document about List of 9-1-1 characters
 Chiquita Fuller as Linda Bates, 911 operator ; Bryan Safi as Josh Russo, 911 dispatch's supervisor and training officer ; Tiffany Dupont as Ali Martin, Buck's girlfriend who left him off-screen before season 3 premiered ; Jonathan Grebe as John, a paramedic ; Ana Mercedes as Isabel Diaz, Eddie's grandmother ; Devin Kelley as Shannon Diaz, Eddie's estranged wife and Christopher's mother who is later killed off in a road accident ; Rick Chambers as Dwight Meyerson, a news reporter ; Lou Ferrigno Jr. as Tommy Kinard - a firefighter with the 118 prior to 2005 up to some time prior to 2018, when he moved to the aerial division - 217 ; Brian Thompson as Captain Vincent Gerrard - the captain of the 118 prior to 2005 up to 2008 when he was dismissed for racial prejudice. ; Brian Hallisay as Doug Kendall / Jason Bailey, Maddie's abusive ex-husband (Brian Hallisay is Jennifer Love Hewitt's husband) ; Megan West as Taylor Kelly, a TV reporter who dates Buck in season 2, then resumes their relationship in season 4 and appears in season 5. ; Danny Nucci as Detective Rick Romero.

This is a document about Brockmire
 Joe Buck as Himself

This is a document about Akihiko Ishizumi
  Mellor) ; Abduction (Frank Burton) ; Don't Let Go (Howard Keleshian) ; 28 Days Later (Frank (Brendan Gleeson)) ; 9/11 (Eddie (Luis Guzmán)) ; American Beauty (TV edition) (Buddy Kane (Peter Gallagher)) ; Angela's Ashes (Mister Benson) ; Australia (Magarri (David Ngoombujarra)) ; Babylon A.D. (Gorsky (Gérard Depardieu)) ; Basic (Sergeant Mueller (Dash Mihok)) ; Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (General Swanwick (Harry Lennix)) ; The Bay (DI Anthony 'Tony' Manning (Daniel Ryan)) ; The Beach (Gregorio) ; Black Hawk Down (Michael D. Steele (Jason Isaacs)) ; The Butler (Cecil Gaines (Forest Whitaker)) ; Catch .44 (Ronny (Forest Whitaker)) ;

This is a document about Maury Sterling
  Charles Maury Wallace Sterling (born September 1, 1971) is an American actor. He is best known for playing Max Piotrowski in Homeland, Rafferty in the comedy film Beverly Hills Chihuahua and Lester Tremor in the action film Smokin' Aces.

This is a document about The Looming Tower (miniseries)
  operations and the principal architect of the 9/11 attacks. ; Nebras Jamali as Nawaf al-Hazmi, one of five hijackers of American Airlines Flight 77, which crashed into the Pentagon as part of the September 11 attacks. ; Craig Wroe as Leonard Bliss, the CIA chief of the Near East Division, and Schmidt and Marsh's superior. ; Jill Dalton as Beverly. ; Alec Baldwin as George Tenet, the CIA Director. ; Yul Vazquez as Jason Sanchez, the assistant director of the FBI in the New York office and O'Neill's superior. ; Youssef Berouain as Mohamad al-Owhali, an al-Qaeda member who took part in the 1998 United States embassy bombings. ; Katie Finneran as

This is a document about Oliver Stark
  Oliver Leon Jones better known as Oliver Stark (born 27 June 1991) is a British actor. He is best known for his series main role as Evan "Buck" Buckley in 9-1-1 on Fox and regular role as Ryder in AMC's martial arts-based drama Into the Badlands.

This is a document about Yasuyuki Kase
  ; Big Little Lies (Ed Mackenzie (Adam Scott)) ; Black Hawk Down (SFC Kurt "Doc" Schmid (Hugh Dancy)) ; Bones (Jared Booth (Brendan Fehr)) ; Bottoms Up (Owen Peadman (Jason Mewes)) ; Bully (Derek Kaufman (Leo Fitzpatrick)) ; Carlito's Way: Rise to Power (Carlito "Charlie" Brigante (Jay Hernandez)) ; Centurion (Quintus Dias (Michael Fassbender)) ; Chasing Liberty (Ben Calder (Matthew Goode)) ; The City of Your Final Destination (Omar Razaghi (Omar Metwally)) ; The Connection (Le Fou (Benoît Magimel)) ; The Day After Tomorrow (Parker (Sasha Roiz)) ; Dear John (Randy Welch (Scott Porter)) ; The Detonator (Dimitru Ilinca (Matthew Leitch))

This is a document about Shunsuke Sakuya
  (George Wilson (Scott Wilson)) ; The Grudge (Doug McCarthy (Jason Behr)) ; Half Past Dead (Donald Robert Johnson (Morris Chestnut)) ; Hart's War (Major Joe Clary (Rick Ravanello)) ; Hannibal Rising (Kolnas (Kevin McKidd)) ; Henry Fool (Steve (Paul Boocock)) ; High Noon (2021 Star Channel edition) (Deputy Marshal Harvey Pell (Lloyd Bridges)) ; Homefront (Morgan "Gator" Bodine (James Franco)) ; Homeland (David Estes (David Harewood)) ; House of Wax (Wade (Jared Padalecki)) ; I Am Number Four (Mogadorian Commander (Kevin Durand)) ; I.D. (Bob (Warren Clarke)) ; Inception (Eames (Tom Hardy)) ; In the Bedroom (Richard Strout (William Mapother))

This is a document about 9-1-1 (TV series)
  In October 2017, Connie Britton, Angela Bassett, and Peter Krause joined the main cast. Later that month, it was announced that Oliver Stark, Aisha Hinds, Kenneth Choi, and Rockmond Dunbar had been cast in regular roles. On May 14, 2018, it was announced that Jennifer Love Hewitt would join the main cast as Maddie Buckley, Buck's sister, in season 2, replacing the role of Britton's character Abby Clark. On May 23, 2018, Fox announced that Ryan Guzman would be joining the second season of the series as new firefighter Eddie Díaz. On June 4, 2018, it was announced that Corinne Massiah and Marcanthonnee Jon Reis, who play May and Harry Grant, had been promoted, from their recurring roles in season 1, to series regulars for season 2. Gavin McHugh, who plays Eddie's son Christopher, was promoted to a series regular in Season 3, after recurring in Season 2. Britton returned in the finale of the third season as a special guest star, reprising her role as Abby Clark. In season 5, Dunbar departed over the COVID-19 vaccine mandate implemented by 20th Television after his requests for medical and religious exemptions were denied.

This is a document about Executive Decision
 Kurt Russell as Dr. David Grant, a consultant for US Army Intelligence. ; Steven Seagal as Lieutenant Colonel Austin Travis, US Army Special Forces. ; Halle Berry as Jean, Flight Attendant ; John Leguizamo as Captain Carlos "Rat" Lopez, US Army Special Forces. ; David Suchet as Nagi Hassan / Altar, Co-chief of the Extremist Organization ; Oliver Platt as Dennis Cahill, Aeronautic Engineer ; Joe Morton as First Sergeant Campbell "Cappy" Matheny, US Army Special Forces. ; BD Wong as Staff Sergeant Louie Jung, US Army Special Forces. ; Len Cariou as Secretary of Defense Charles White ; Whip Hubley as Sergeant 1st Class Michael Baker, US Army Special Forces. ; Andreas Katsulas as Abu El-Sayed Jaffa, Chief of the Extremist Organization ; Mary Ellen Trainor as Allison

This is a document about The Path to 9/11
  Carver, Composite CIA Headquarters Analyst ; Michael Murphy as William Cohen ; Trevor White as Scott Ramer ; William Sadler as Neil Herman ; Shaun Toub as Emad Salem ; Wendy Crewson as Valerie James ; Stephanie Moore as Deanna Burnett ; Michael Benyaer as Khalid Sheikh Mohammed ; Martin Brodie as Mohamed Atta, 9/11 Leader Piloted American Airlines Flight 11 After The Hijacking ; Nayef Rashed as Ayman al-Zawahiri, Al Qaeda Leader ; Fulvio Cecere as Joe Dunne ; Marie V. Cruz as Aida Fariscal ; David Zayas as Lou Napoli ; David Huband as Charley ; Kevin Dunn as U.S. National Security Advisor Sandy Berger ; Nabil Elouahabi as Ramzi Yousef, World Trade Center Bomber ; Enis Esmer as Mohammed Salameh ; Moe Fawaz as Majed Moqed

This is a document about Left Behind: The Movie
 Kirk Cameron as Buck Williams ; Brad Johnson as Captain Rayford Steele ; Gordon Currie as Nicolae Carpathia ; Janaya Stephens as Chloe Steele ; Clarence Gilyard, Jr. as Bruce Barnes ; Chelsea Noble as Hattie Durham ; Colin Fox as Chaim Rosenzweig ; Daniel Pilon as Jonathan Stonagal ; Tony DeSantis as Joshua Todd-Cothran ; Jack Langedijk as Dirk Burton ; Krista Bridges as Ivy Gold ; Thomas Hauff as Steve Plank ; Neil Crone as Ken Ritz ; T.D. Jakes as Pastor Vernon Billings (appearing on a video to be played post-Rapture) ; Rebecca St. James as Buck's assistant ; Bob Carlisle as GNN reporter ; John Hagee as an unnamed passenger on Captain Steele's flight, where many passengers (including Hagee) disappear after the Rapture

This is a document about Maury Sterling
  Sterling was born in Mill Valley, California. He has guest starred on numerous television series, including Judging Amy, ER, Star Trek: Enterprise, 24 and CSI: Crime Scene Investigation to name a few. His only TV series regular was in the sitcom Alright Already, which lasted only one season from 1997-98. It originally aired on the now-defunct WB Television Network. Sterling has also appeared in a number of films, mostly in supporting roles. His prominent role came in the 2006 action film Smokin' Aces where he played Lester Tremor of the psychotic neo-Nazi Tremor Brothers (opposite Chris Pine and Kevin Durand). His role required shaving his head, and shaving his eyebrows off. Sterling's other prominent role came in the 2008 comedy film Beverly Hills Chihuahua where he played Rafferty, one of the villains in the movie where he dognaps Chloe, the chihuahua voiced by Drew Barrymore.

This is a document about Takashi Kondō
 The 51st State as Omar (Ade) ; Bon Cop, Bad Cop as Jonathan (Erik Knudsen) ; Bones as Lance Sweets (John Francis Daley) ; Dunkirk as Collins (Jack Lowden) ; Eureka as Douglas Fargo (Neil Grayston) ; Final Destination 5 as Peter Friedkin (Miles Fisher) ; Flags of Our Fathers as Ed Block (Benjamin Walker) ; Heroes as Narrator/Mohinder Suresh (Sendhil Ramamurthy) ; The Kill Team as Sergeant Deeks (Alexander Skarsgård) ; The Libertine as Billy Downs (Rupert Friend) ; Live from Baghdad as Eason Jordan ; Love, Simon as Simon Spier (Nick Robinson) ; Pan Am as Dean Lowrey (Mike Vogel) ; Pray for Morning as Dylan ; Project Runway as Daniel Vosovic ; Shooter as Dave Simmons ; Their Finest as Tom Buckley (Sam Claflin) ; True Blood as Eric Northman (Alexander Skarsgård) ; Ugly Betty as Marc St. James (Michael Urie) ; Uncertainty as Bobby (Joseph Gordon-Levitt) ; Veronica Mars as Eli "Weevil" Navarro (Francis Capra)

This is a document about Left Behind II: Tribulation Force
 Kirk Cameron as Cameron "Buck" Williams ; Brad Johnson as Captain Rayford Steele ; Gordon Currie as U.N. Secretary General Nicolae J. Carpathia ; Chelsea Noble as Hattie Durham ; Clarence Gilyard as Pastor Bruce Barnes ; Janaya Stephens as Chloe Steele ; Colin Fox as Chaim Rosenzweig ; Lubomir Mykytiuk as Rabbi Tsion Ben-Judah ; Christopher Bondy as Steve Plank ; Les Carlson as Eli, one of the two witnesses ; Louis Negin as Moishe, one of the two witnesses

This is a document about Off Limits (1988 film)
 Willem Dafoe as Sergeant First Class Buck McGriff ; Gregory Hines as Sergeant First Class Albaby Perkins ; Fred Ward as Master Sergeant Dix ; Amanda Pays as Nicole ; Lim Kay Tong as Lime Green ; Scott Glenn as Colonel Dexter Armstrong ; David Alan Grier as Rogers ; Keith David as Specialist Five Maurice ; Raymond O'Connor as Elgin Flowers ; Richard Brooks as Preacher ; Thuy An Luu as Lanh (as Thuy Ann Luu) ; Richard Lee Reed as Colonel Sparks ; Woody Brown as Co-Pilot ; Ken Siu as Plowboy ; Viladda Vanadurongwan as Sister Agnes

This is a document about Buck Rogers in the 25th Century (TV series)
  William Anthony "Buck" Rogers (played by Gil Gerard), a NASA/USAF pilot who commands Ranger 3, a spacecraft that is launched in May 1987. Due to a life-support malfunction, Buck is accidentally frozen for 504 years before his spacecraft is discovered adrift in 2491. The combination of gases that froze his body coincidentally comes close to the formula commonly used in the 25th century for cryopreservation, and his rescuers are able to revive him. He learns that civilization on Earth was rebuilt following a devastating nuclear war (later established as occurring on November 22, 1987), and is now under the protection of the

This is a document about Dan Shea (actor)
 Psych - stunt coordinator (2006–2014) ; Stargate SG-1 - actor, stunt double, stunt coordinator (1997–2007) ; Stargate Atlantis - actor, stunt performer, stunt double (2004–2007) ; The Cabin in the Woods - "Father Buckner" ; X-Men: Days of Future Past - Policeman (Uncredited)

This is a document about The Accidental Spy
 Jackie Chan as Buck Yuen ; Eric Tsang as Manny Liu ; Vivian Hsu as Yong ; Wu Hsing-kuo as Lee Sang-Zen ; Kim Min as Carmen ; Alfred Cheung as Park's lawyer ; Lillian Ho as Candice ; Cheung Tat-ming as Stan ; Joh Young-kwon as Park Won-jung ; Anthony Rene Jones as Philip Ashley


Question: when does the next world of warcraft expansion come out

Answer: August 2018

This is a document about Warcraft
  franchises of all time, having grossed $11.2 billion in lifetime revenue, as of 2018. Expansion sets were released for Warcraft II (Beyond the Dark Portal), Warcraft III (The Frozen Throne) and multiple expansions were released for World of Warcraft (The Burning Crusade, Wrath of the Lich King, Cataclysm, Mists of Pandaria, Warlords of Draenor, Legion, Battle for Azeroth and Shadowlands). At BlizzCon 2018 on November 2, 2018, Blizzard announced a remaster of Warcraft III entitled Warcraft III: Reforged featuring remodeled characters and graphics with a prospective release in 2019. The game was officially released on January 28, 2020. All games in the series have been set in and

This is a document about World of Warcraft: Battle for Azeroth
  World of Warcraft: Battle for Azeroth is the seventh expansion pack for the massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) World of Warcraft, following Legion. It was announced at BlizzCon on November 3, 2017. In contrast to previous expansions, which went live at midnight in each time zone, Battle for Azeroth had a simultaneous release for all regions, corresponding to midnight Central European Summer Time on August 14, 2018. In addition to raising the level cap from 110 to 120, the expansion introduces the Kul Tiras and Zandalar continents and four races for both the Alliance and the Horde, while also adding dungeons and raids, warfronts, and uncharted islands.

This is a document about World of Warcraft
  Eight expansions have been released: The Burning Crusade, released in January 2007; Wrath of the Lich King, released in November 2008; Cataclysm, released in December 2010; Mists of Pandaria, released in September 2012; Warlords of Draenor, released in November 2014; Legion, released in August 2016; and Battle for Azeroth, released in August 2018. Players are not required to purchase expansions in order to continue playing; however, new content and features such as higher level caps and new areas may not be available until they do so. Blizzard routinely applies older expansions to all accounts as new expansions are released. On June 28, 2011, The Burning Crusade expansion was automatically applied to all previous Warcraft accounts at no cost. On September 19, 2012, the same thing was done with the Wrath of the

This is a document about World of Warcraft
  November 8, 2013, and entered beta on June 27, 2014. Warlords of Draenor was released on November 13, 2014. On August 6, 2015, Blizzard announced the sixth expansion, Legion, at Gamescom 2015. In November 2015, the Legion's alpha testing started and in April 2016 the beta test started; the Legion expansion was released on August 30, 2016. The seventh expansion, Battle for Azeroth, was released worldwide on August 13 and 14 (depending on location) 2018. The eighth expansion, Shadowlands, was announced at BlizzCon 2019 on November 1, 2019, and brought the first "level squish" in the game's history, with characters at level 120 (the level cap in Battle for Azeroth) being reduced to level 50, and the new level cap being set to 60. Shadowlands was released on November 23, 2020.

This is a document about World of Warcraft
  World of Warcraft (WoW) is a massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) released in 2004 by Blizzard Entertainment. Set in the Warcraft fantasy universe, World of Warcraft takes place within the world of Azeroth, approximately four years after the events of the previous game in the series, Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne. The game was announced in 2001, and was released for the 10th anniversary of the Warcraft franchise on November 23, 2004. Since launch, World of Warcraft has had eight major expansion packs: The Burning Crusade (2007), Wrath of the Lich King (2008), Cataclysm (2010), Mists of Pandaria (2012), Warlords of Draenor (2014), Legion (2016), Battle for Azeroth (2018), and Shadowlands (2020). Similar to other MMORPGs, the game allows players to create

This is a document about Gameplay of Hearthstone
  The Witchwood was announced in March 2018 as the first expansion in the Year of the Raven and was released on April 12, 2018. It is themed around a spooky forest next to the cursed city of Gilneas from Warcraft. The expansion adds two new keywords; "Echo" cards can be played as many times on a turn as long as the player has the mana to pay the cost, while minions with "Rush" can immediately attack the opponent's minions on the turn they are summoned. The set also features cards that give a special effect if a player's deck only contains even-cost cards or odd-cost cards, effectively limiting players to only half of their card collection in assembling

This is a document about ArenaNet
  Announced on August 25, 2020, Guild Wars 2: End of Dragons is the third expansion pack for Guild Wars 2 and is currently in development. Originally slated for a 2021 release date, it was later pushed back to an estimated release date of early 2022. The expansion was previously teased to fans on March 12, 2020, when the developers confirmed the games return to the realm of Cantha, something fans had long requested. The official announcement was accompanied by a cinematic teaser showing off the new area the game would feature. A developer livestream was held on July 27th, 2021 which showcased prominent features like the addition of fishing to the game, as well as the news that the expansion is scheduled for release in February 2022.

This is a document about Guild Wars 2
  The third expansion was announced on March 12, 2020. The name of the upcoming release, Guild Wars 2: End of Dragons, and a teaser trailer were revealed on August 25, 2020. It is slated for release in February, 2022. It will include a story and maps set in Cantha (first seen in the first game's Guild Wars Factions expansion), additional elite specializations for each profession, the first multiplayer mount, skiffs, fishing, challenging Strike Missions as well as additional yet to be revealed mastery types.

This is a document about World of Warcraft: Battle for Azeroth
  The expansion was announced at BlizzCon 2017 on November 3, 2017. Battle for Azeroth started restricted alpha testing in early February 2018. Public beta testing began in late April 2018. Blizzard revealed the release date on April 5, 2018 alongside a collector's edition.

This is a document about World of Warcraft: Shadowlands
  World of Warcraft: Shadowlands is the eighth expansion pack for the massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) World of Warcraft, following Battle for Azeroth. It was announced and made available for preorder at BlizzCon on November 1, 2019. Originally scheduled for release on October 27, 2020; its release was delayed until November 23, the sixteenth anniversary of the release of the original game. The expansion opens up the Shadowlands, the realm of the dead in Warcraft lore. It features the game's first "level squish" and a completely overhauled leveling system, access to the Death Knight class for the races that did not previously have access to it, Covenants in the new zones, and new dungeons and raids. On February 20, 2021, Chains of Domination (Patch 9.1) was announced. A new location, Korthia, was added to the Shadowlands. Chains of Domination also released a new raid called "Sanctum of Domination" which features iconic World of Warcraft character Sylvanas Windrunner as the final boss. The patch went live on June 29th, 2021 for the US region, and on June 30th for EU.

This is a document about BlizzCon
  The tickets went on sale on April 15 and 18 using Eventbrite, and were sold out nearly instantly. Blizzard once again sold a Virtual Ticket for live online streaming of all of the events held at BlizzCon. The convention's online broadcast was watched by over 10 million people. Hearthstone's third adventure, League of Explorers, was announced on November 6, 2015, which was later released on November 12. Overwatch was announced to have a Q2 2016 release date, later confirmed for May 24. The expansion World of Warcraft: Legion released its cinematic trailer and announced a release date on or before September 21, 2016 and was playable. The Warcraft (film) released its first official trailer and revealed its release

This is a document about Nostalrius
  On April 25, 2016, J. Allen Brack responded to the Nostalrius discussion. He spoke of the possibility of "Pristine" realms, with many of the new features turned off, to make leveling harder, and social interaction more prevalent in the game. On November 3, 2017, Blizzard announced World of Warcraft: Classic, an official "vanilla server", in response to the popularity of Nostalrius and other similar private servers. It was released 27 August 2019.

This is a document about World of Warcraft
  King expansion, and on October 15, 2013, the Cataclysm expansion was also applied. On October 15, 2014, Mists of Pandaria was applied to all accounts following the release of Warlords. On May 17, 2016, Warlords of Draenor was applied to all accounts to coincide with the release of the Warcraft movie that gives a 30-day trial of the game. All The Burning Crusade, Wrath of the Lich King, Cataclysm, Mists of Pandaria and Warlords of Draenor content is now effectively part of the original game, with all new World of Warcraft accounts automatically including these expansions upon creation. As of the pre-patch release of Battle for Azeroth in July 2018, all expansions up to Legion are included in the base game. The fifth expansion, Warlords of Draenor, was announced at BlizzCon 2013

This is a document about Neal Acree
 World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade (opening cinematic) (2006) ; World of Warcraft: Wrath of the Lich King (opening cinematic) (2008) ; Starcraft II: Wings of Liberty (2010) ; World of Warcraft: Cataclysm (2010) ; Diablo III (2012) ; World of Warcraft: Mists of Pandaria (2012) ; Starcraft II: Heart of the Swarm (2013) ; Diablo III: Reaper of Souls (2014) ; World of Warcraft: Warlords of Draenor (2014) ; Revelation Online (2015) ; Imperial Reign (2015) ; StarCraft II: Legacy of the Void (2015) ; Overwatch (2016) ; World of Warcraft: Legion (2016) ; World of Warcraft: Battle for Azeroth (2018) ; Wangzhe Rongyao: Chuzheng (2019) ; Rend (2019) ; World of Warcraft: Shadowlands (2020)

This is a document about Destiny 2 post-release content
  On August 24, 2021, Bungie announced the sixth expansion, The Witch Queen, which is set to be released on February 22, 2022. The expansion is set in the Throne World of Savathûn, the Witch Queen, who is the sister of Oryx, the Taken King, and is set to be similar in scale to the previous three expansions. In this expansion, Savathûn has managed to harness Light to build an army of Hive Guardians with Ghosts of their own to fight against the Guardians of the Last City. The Guardian enters Savathûn's Throne World within the Ascendant Realm to fight back against her Lucent Brood. The expansion will also introduce weapon crafting, a brand new first-person melee weapon, the glaive, as well as a Master-level difficulty of the Witch Queen campaign. Similar to Shadowkeep and Beyond Light, The Witch Queen is a standalone expansion and will not require any dependencies on previous DLC. The expansion will not only feature a new raid, but will bring back a revamped raid from Destiny 1 later in the year.

This is a document about BlizzCon
  Overwatch 2 was confirmed, a World of Warcraft expansion called Shadowlands will be out in 2020, and the Hearthstone expansion Descent of Dragons and a new game mode called Battlegrounds will be released in December 2019. The esports events at BlizzCon 2019 included the Overwatch World Cup that was won by the United States, StarCraft II WCS Global Finals won by Park "Dark" Ryung Woo, the World of Warcraft Arena World Championship won by Method Black, and the World of Warcraft Mythic Dungeon International won by Method EU, and the Hearthstone Grandmasters Global Finals won by VKLiooon, the first female to win Grandmasters in that game. Closing festivities included three simultaneous concerts by The Glitch Mob, Haywyre, and Fitz and the Tantrums (the last concert was viewable for attendees only).

This is a document about Warcraft (film)
  Warcraft was set to be released on December 18, 2015, but following the announcement of the coinciding release of Star Wars: The Force Awakens, the release was pushed back to the following year. The film premiered at the Le Grand Rex in Paris on May 24, 2016. It was released in the United Kingdom on May 30, 2016, in the United States on June 10, 2016 and in Australia on June 16, 2016,

This is a document about Warcraft III: Reforged
  At BlizzCon 2018 on November 2, 2018, Blizzard Entertainment announced Warcraft III: Reforged featuring remodeled characters and graphics with a prospective release in 2019. After Reforgeds reveal, the game's first balance changes in years were announced. During Blizzcon 2019, the beta for the game began. Reforged was originally slated to be released in 2019, however, on December 17, 2019, Blizzard announced that the release would be delayed until January 28, 2020, stating that "as we started approaching the finish line, we felt we'd need a little extra development time for finishing touches".

This is a document about World of Warcraft Classic
  World of Warcraft Classic is a 2019 MMORPG video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment. Running alongside the main version of the game, Classic recreates World of Warcraft in the state it was in before the release of its first expansion, The Burning Crusade. It was announced at BlizzCon 2017 and was released globally August 26, 2019.

This is a document about Warframe
  The New War expansion was released on December 15, 2021. It is the main story after The Sacrifice and separate into three acts. You need the railjack and Necramech to attempt the quest as well as completing some previous quests.

The next World of Warcraft expansion, Shadowlands, was released on November 23, 2020.


Question: when did the us enter the space race

Answer: 1955

This is a document about Cold War (1953–1962)
  The Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union was an integral component of the Cold War. Contrary to the Nuclear arms race, it was a peaceful competition in which the two powers could demonstrate their technological and theoretical advancements over the other. The Soviet Union was the first nation to enter the space realm with their launch of Sputnik 1 on October 4, 1957. The satellite was merely an 83.6-kilogram aluminum alloy sphere, which was a major downsize from the original 1,000-kilogram design, that carried a radio and four antennas into space. This size was shocking to western scientists as America was designing

This is a document about Timeline of the Space Race
  This is a timeline of achievements in Soviet and United States spaceflight, spanning the Cold War era of nationalistic competition known as the Space Race. On 29 July 1955, the United States announced its intention to launch an artificial satellite during the International Geophysical Year (1 July 1957 to 31 December 1958). Four days later, the Soviet Union announced its intention to do the same and was the first to achieve this goal on 4 October 1957, marking the start of the space race. After the first multinational crewed mission in July 1975, the competition continued to exist, but transitioned in intensity from a state of intense competition to one of cooperation by the dissolution of the Soviet Union and end of the Cold War on 26 December 1991.

This is a document about NASA Astronaut Group 2
  The launch of the Sputnik 1 satellite by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957, started a Cold War technological and ideological competition with the United States known as the Space Race. The demonstration of American technological inferiority came as a profound shock to the American public. In response to the Sputnik crisis, a new civilian agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), was created to oversee an American space program. The Space Task Group (STG) at the NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, created an American crewed spaceflight project called Project Mercury. The selection of the first astronauts, known as the "Original Seven" or "Mercury Seven", was announced on April 9, 1959. By 1961, although it was

This is a document about United States
  supporting authoritarian right-wing regimes. American troops fought communist Chinese and North Korean forces in the Korean War of 1950–1953. The Soviet Union's 1957 launch of the first artificial satellite and its 1961 launch of the first crewed spaceflight initiated a "Space Race" in which the United States became the first nation to land a man on the Moon in 1969. The United States became increasingly involved in the Vietnam War (1955–1975), introducing combat forces in 1965. At home, the U.S. had experienced sustained economic expansion and a rapid growth of its population and middle class following World War II. After a surge in female labor participation, especially in the 1970s, by 1985, the majority of women aged 16 and over were

This is a document about History of the United States (1945–1964)
  superiority of the U.S. nuclear arsenal and covert intelligence. Dulles defined this approach as "brinkmanship". A dramatic shock to Americans' self-confidence and its technological superiority came in 1957, when the Soviets beat the United States into outer space by launching Sputnik, the first earth satellite. The space race began, and by the early 1960s the United States had forged ahead, with President Kennedy promising to land a man on the moon by the end of the 1960s—the landing indeed took place on July 20, 1969. Trouble close to home appeared when Fidel Castro took control of Cuba in 1959 and forged increasingly

This is a document about Space exploration
  and strategic advantages against other countries. The early era of space exploration was driven by a "Space Race" between the Soviet Union and the United States. The launch of the first human-made object to orbit Earth, the Soviet Union's Sputnik 1, on 4 October 1957, and the first Moon landing by the American Apollo 11 mission on 20 July 1969 are often taken as landmarks for this initial period. The Soviet space program achieved many of the first milestones, including the first living being in orbit in 1957, the first human spaceflight (Yuri Gagarin aboard Vostok 1) in 1961, the first spacewalk (by

This is a document about History of the United States
  strong support to the NATO alliance and built other alliances along similar lines, but they never were especially effective. After Stalin died in 1953, Eisenhower worked to obtain friendlier relationships with the Soviet Union. At home, he ended McCarthyism, expanded the Social Security program and presided over a decade of bipartisan comity. He promoted civil rights cautiously, and sent in the Army when trouble threatened over racial integration in Little Rock, Arkansas. The unexpected leapfrogging of American technology by the Soviets in 1957 with Sputnik, the first Earth satellite, began the Space Race, won in 1969 by the Americans as Apollo 11 landed astronauts on the

This is a document about 1960s
  The Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union dominated the 1960s. The Soviets sent the first man, Yuri Gagarin, into outer space during the Vostok 1 mission on 12 April 1961 and scored a host of other successes, but by the middle of the decade the U.S. was taking the lead. In May 1961, President Kennedy set the goal for the United States of landing a man on the Moon by the end of the 1960s. In June 1963, Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman in space during the Vostok 6 mission. In 1965, Soviets launched the first

This is a document about 20th century
 The Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union gave a peaceful outlet to the political and military tensions of the Cold War, leading to the first human spaceflight with the Soviet Union's Vostok 1 mission in 1961, and man's first landing on another world—the Moon—with America's Apollo 11 mission in 1969. Later, the first space station was launched by the Soviet space program. The United States developed the first reusable spacecraft system with the Space Shuttle program, first launched in 1981. As the century ended, a permanent manned presence in space was being founded with the ongoing construction of the International Space Station. ; In addition to human spaceflight, unmanned space probes became a practical and relatively

This is a document about Moon landing
  the conflict, particularly after the development by both countries of the hydrogen bomb. Willy Ley wrote in 1957 that a rocket to the Moon "could be built later this year if somebody can be found to sign some papers". On 4 October 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1 as the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth and so initiated the Space Race. This unexpected event was a source of pride to the Soviets and shock to the U.S., who could now potentially be surprise attacked by nuclear-tipped Soviet rockets in under 30 minutes. Also, the steady beeping of the radio beacon aboard Sputnik 1 as it passed overhead every 96 minutes was widely viewed

This is a document about History of spaceflight
  The race began in 1957, when both the US and the USSR made statements announcing they planned to launch artificial satellites during the 18 month long International Geophysical Year of July 1957 to December 1958. On July 29, 1957, the US announced a planned launch of the Vanguard by the spring of 1958, and on July 31, the USSR announced it would launch a satellite in the fall of 1957. On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite of Earth in the history of mankind. On November 3, 1957, the Soviet Union launched the second satellite, Sputnik 2, and the first to carry a living animal, a dog named Laika. Sputnik 3 was launched on May 15, 1958, and carried a large array of instruments for geophysical research and provided data

This is a document about Key events of the 20th century
   With Cold War tensions running high, the Soviet Union and United States took their rivalry to the stars in 1957 with the Soviet launch of Sputnik. A "space race" between the two powers followed. Although the USSR reached several important milestones, such as the first craft on the Moon (Luna 2) and the first human in space (Yuri Gagarin), the U.S. pulled ahead eventually with its Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo programs, which culminated in Apollo 11 astronauts landing on the moon on 20 July 1969. Five more landings with astronauts followed (Apollo 13 was forced to abort its mission). Nevertheless, despite its successes, the U.S. space program could not match many major achievements of the Soviet

This is a document about Aerospace engineering
  Me 262 which entered service in 1944 towards the end of the second World War. The first definition of aerospace engineering appeared in February 1958, considering the Earth's atmosphere and outer space as a single realm, thereby encompassing both aircraft (aero) and spacecraft (space) under the newly coined term aerospace. In response to the USSR launching the first satellite, Sputnik, into space on October 4, 1957, U.S. aerospace engineers launched the first American satellite on January 31, 1958. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration was founded in 1958 as a response to the Cold War. In 1969, Apollo 11, the first human space mission to the moon took place. It

This is a document about Mercury Seven
  The launch of the Sputnik 1 satellite by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957, started a Cold War technological and ideological competition with the United States known as the Space Race. The demonstration of American technological inferiority came as a profound shock to the American public. The Soviets followed up with Sputnik 2, which carried Laika, a Soviet space dog. American intelligence analysts assessed that the Soviets planned to put a man into orbit, which caused the United States Air Force (USAF) and the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) to strengthen their efforts to achieve that goal. The USAF launched a spaceflight project called Man in Space Soonest (MISS), for which it obtained approval

This is a document about NASA Astronaut Group 5
  The launch of the Sputnik 1 satellite by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957, started a Cold War technological and ideological competition with the United States known as the Space Race. The demonstration of American technological inferiority came as a profound shock to the American public. In response to the Sputnik crisis, although he did not see Sputnik as a grave threat, the President of the United States, Dwight D. Eisenhower, created a new civilian agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), to oversee an American space program. Confidence that the United States was catching up with the Soviet Union was shattered on April 12, 1961, when the

This is a document about Sputnik crisis
  creation of NASA. Less than a year after the Sputnik launch, Congress passed the National Defense Education Act (NDEA). It was a four-year program that poured billions of dollars into the US education system. In 1953, the government spent $153 million, and colleges took $10 million of that funding, but by 1960, the combined funding grew almost six-fold because of the NDEA. After the initial public shock, the Space Race began, which led to the first human launched into space, Project Apollo, and the first humans to land on the Moon in 1969. Campaigning in 1960 on closing the "missile gap",

This is a document about NASA Astronaut Group 3
  The launch of the Sputnik 1 satellite by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957, started a Cold War technological and ideological competition with the United States known as the Space Race. The demonstration of American technological inferiority came as a profound shock to the American public. In response to the Sputnik crisis, the U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower created a new civilian agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), to oversee an American space program. The Space Task Group (STG) at the NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, created an American spaceflight project called Project Mercury, which aimed to

This is a document about History of the United States Space Force
  In it, Trevor Gardner stated that the United States could not overtake the Soviet Union in space for three to five years without a significant increase in space investment by the Defense Department. As well, he stated that the line between military and civil space would need to be crossed in a comprehensive, lunar landing program that would land astronauts on the Moon between 1967 and 1970 and that such an effort would produce important technologies, industries, and lessons learned for both military and civil space programs. On 12 April 1961, Soviet Air Forces cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to enter

This is a document about Buzz Aldrin
  activity. Three years later, Aldrin set foot on the Moon at 03:15:16 on July 21, 1969 (UTC), nineteen minutes after Armstrong first touched the surface, while command module pilot Michael Collins remained in lunar orbit. A Presbyterian elder, Aldrin became the first person to hold a religious ceremony on the Moon when he privately took communion. Apollo 11 effectively proved US victory in the Space Race, by fulfilling a national goal proposed in 1961 by President John F. Kennedy "of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth" before the end of the decade. Upon

This is a document about NASA Astronaut Group 4
  The launch of the Sputnik 1 satellite by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957, started a Cold War technological and ideological competition with the United States known as the Space Race. The demonstration of American technological inferiority came as a profound shock to the American public. In response to the Sputnik crisis, although he did not see Sputnik as a grave threat, the President of the United States, Dwight D. Eisenhower, created a new civilian agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), to oversee an American space program. In doing so, he sought to emphasise the scientific nature of the American space program and downplay its military aspects. In response to pressure from Congress to match

The United States entered the Space Race on October 4, 1957, when the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite. The US responded by announcing its intention to launch a satellite on the same day.