Question: where was the movie once upon a time in mexico filmed

Answer: Guanajuato , Mexico

This is a document about Nosotros Los Nobles
  The movie was filmed on location in Mexico City.

This is a document about Massacre (1956 film)
  The film was shot in Mexico.

This is a document about Once Upon a Time in America
  The filming of Once Upon a Time in America started on June of 1982 and eventually ended on April the next year. The locations where the shooting took place was in and around US, Canada, Italy, and France, with a focal point in New York City. Interior scenes were mostly filmed at the Cinecittà Studios in Rome. The beach scene, where Max unveils his plan to rob the Federal Reserve, was shot at The Don CeSar in St. Pete Beach, Florida. The New York's railway "Grand Central Station" scene in the thirties flashbacks was filmed in the Gare du Nord in Paris. The interiors of the lavish restaurant where Noodles takes Deborah on their date were shot in the Hotel Excelsior in Venice, Italy.

This is a document about Dance of the 41 (film)
  The movie was filmed in Mexico City and Guadalajara at the end of 2019. Some filming locations include the Rivas Mercado House, the bar La Opera in Mexico City's historic center and many of the exteriors were filmed in the streets of Guadalajara. The mansion used to represent the Ignacio de la Torre House is the Casa Rivas Mercado, in Colonia Guerrero, Mexico City, which represents similar eclectic late-19th-century architecture of urban mansions in the area and functions as a cultural center. The actual Ignacio de la Torre mansion was located where the National Lottery building is now located at Paseo de la Reforma number 1. The Equestrian statue of Charles IV of Spain, better known as "El Caballito", was located in front of the house at that time.

This is a document about The Go-Getter (2007 film)
  itself time and time again." After returning to Los Angeles, he visited each of the locations (including Mexico) again with the principal and technical crews. Principal photography began in mid-October 2005 and continued through November over a total period of 25 days. The film was shot in sequence, with production starting in Eugene, Oregon and then moving to Reno, Nevada and subsequently Ensenada, Mexico. Hynes called the filming "a high-wire act the whole way", and said that one of the biggest challenges was transporting the crew of 40 from Oregon to Mexico, sometimes changing locations twice a day with few hours of daylight. A crew

This is a document about Licence to Kill
  Principal photography ran from 18 July to 18 November 1988. Shooting began in the Estudios Churubusco in Mexico, which mostly doubled for the fictional Republic of Isthmus: locations in Mexico City included the Biblioteca del Banco de Mexico for the exterior of El Presidente Hotel and the Casino Español for the interior of Casino de Isthmus whilst the Teatro de la Ciudad was used for its exterior. Villa Arabesque in Acapulco was used for Sanchez's lavish villa, and the La Rumorosa Mountain Pass in Tecate was used as the filming site for the tanker chase during the climax of the film. Sanchez's Olympiatec Meditation Institute was shot at the Otomi

This is a document about Sergio Leone
  in the West (C'era una volta il West) for Paramount Pictures. The film was shot mostly in Almería, Spain and Cinecittà in Rome. It was also briefly shot in Monument Valley, Utah. The film starred Charles Bronson, Henry Fonda, Jason Robards and Claudia Cardinale. Once Upon a Time in the West emerged as a long, violent, dreamlike meditation upon the mythology of the American Old West, with many stylistic references to iconic western films. Audience tension is maintained throughout this nearly three-hour film by concealing both the hero's identity and his unpredictable motivation until the final predictable shootout scene. Perhaps

This is a document about The Mexican
  The Mexican made use of Real de Catorce, San Luis Potosí, Mexico, as a film location, as well as various areas in Las Vegas, Nevada and Los Angeles, California. Aeropuerto internacional Adolfo Lopez Mateos Toluca, Estado de México was used as well.

This is a document about Filming of James Bond in the 1980s
  Principal photography ran from 18 July to 18 November 1988. Shooting began in Mexico, which mostly doubled for the fictional Republic of Isthmus: locations in Mexico City included the Biblioteca del Banco de Mexico for the exterior of El Presidente Hotel and the Casino Español for the interior of Casino de Isthmus whilst the Teatro de la Ciudad was used for its exterior. Villa Arabesque in Acapulco was used for Sanchez's lavish villa, and the La Rumorosa Mountain Pass in Mexicali was used as the filming site for the tanker chase during the climax of the film. Sanchez's Olympiatec Meditation Institute was shot at the Otomi Ceremonial Center

This is a document about Señora Acero (season 4)
  The series has locations such as Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Falfurrias, Texas, New York, United States, Tijuana, San Diego, and McAllen. Much of the production has also been recorded up in Baja Estudios in Rosarito, Mexico, where films and series such as Titanic, Pearl Harbor, The Walking Dead and Pirates of the Caribbean have been filmed.

This is a document about El Norte (film)
  The film was shot in Mexico and California. In Mexico: Chiapas, Morelos, México, D.F., and Tijuana. In California: San Diego and Los Angeles.

This is a document about Following the Flag in Mexico
  The movie was partly filmed at locations in Mexico, Texas and New Mexico.

This is a document about Romeo + Juliet
  incredible devices and theatrical tricks to ultimately create something of meaning and convey a story. That was what we wanted to do." Luhrmann obtained some funds from Fox to do a workshop and shoot some teaser footage in Sydney. Leonardo DiCaprio agreed to pay his own expenses to fly to Sydney and be part of it. Once Fox saw footage of the fight scene, they agreed to support it. All of the development was done in Australia, with pre-production in Australia and Canada and post-production in Australia. While some parts of the film were shot in Miami, most of the film was shot in Mexico City and Boca del Rio, Veracruz. For instance, the Capulet mansion was set at Chapultepec Castle while the ballroom was built on Stage One of Churubusco Studios; and the church is Immaculate Heart of Mary in the Del Valle neighborhood.

This is a document about Total Recall (1990 film)
   Principal photography began filming between May and April 1989, on a $30million budget. Aside from train station scenes shot at the Mexico City Metro, Total Recall was filmed at Estudios Churubusco in Mexico City, Mexico. About 43 cast and up to 500 crew members worked on the production on forty-five sets across ten soundstages. Filmed almost entirely in sequence—a rare feat—the production took place over twenty weeks. The final reported budget for Total Recall is estimated as $48–$80million. Shusett and Goldman were present on set, providing additional rewrites where necessary; Goldman estimated the script was changed "less than one percent". Verhoeven sometimes performed up to twenty takes on scenes, but remained faithful to the script and discouraged improvisation. Even

This is a document about La niña de la mina
  The movie was filmed in the mines "El nopal", "San Vicente" and "Peñafiel", in the Villa Marín Cristina Hotel and in the Historic Center of Guanajuato. In the city of León was filmed in the San Juan plaza, in the Madero street, and in the Center Medical School. In the Mexico City was filmed at a university. The shooting of the film lasted 6 weeks and after worked in the postproduction.

This is a document about The Big Cube
  The film was shot on location in Mexico, primarily at the Studios Churbusco in Mexico City as well as on the coastal Acapulco Bay with a budget of US$560,000. The shooting schedule was scheduled to last approximately eight weeks. The decision to shoot the film abroad was to dually help bolster Mexico's film market, as well as help lower production costs, which were estimated to be $300,000 more if filmed in the United States.

This is a document about Blind Side (1993 film)
  The movie was shot in three major locations. The main story of the movie was shot over a three-week period in Altadena, California. The furniture factory showroom used the historic power substation of the Pacific Electric Railway's Mount Lowe line. The building was unoccupied and served well for the set. The residential shoot was done at an old mansion at the corner of New York Drive and Mar Vista Street. The house was up for sale and had been vacant for fourteen months. The opening scene in Mexico was shot last in Cabo San Lucas after the American location shoots. The accident scene was shot over a two-week period in Agua Dulce, California, mostly with the use of the municipal airport.

This is a document about The House of Flowers (season 1)
  Principal photography began on July 24, 2017 in Mexico City, with the main sets in San Andrés Totoltepec. According to Derbez, who was pregnant during filming, accommodations were made specifically to hide her baby bump in the show. She also said that it was one of the fastest shoots she had done, explaining that Caro is a calm and efficient director. Filming was halted for several weeks in September and October 2017 after the 2017 Puebla earthquake as the filming location needed to be stabilized before production could continue. Suárez was also injured in the earthquake and could not return to set for a month

This is a document about Sin nombre (2009 film)
  The film was shot mostly in Mexico City. Locations were found there resembling as closely as possible Tegucigalpa and the train station in Tapachula. The film was also shot in Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico. Several extras were actual migrants. Fukunaga said of working with them, "I didn't have to tell them anything—they know how to sit on top of a train." According to IMDB, "Cary Fukunaga spent two years researching the film, spending time with people on the trains and with gangsters in Central America. He also consulted gang members to keep the slang and language as up-to-date and realistic as possible."

This is a document about The Witch (1916 film)
   The entire production was filmed in Fort Lee at Fox's facilities located near the intersection of Main Street and Linwood Avenue. Rather than going on location, traveling from New Jersey to Mexico with a large company of actors, crew, and other support personnel, Powell in the early months of 1915 had decided to send his scenic designer, J. Alan Turner, to Mexico to locate, photograph, and sketch the architecture, attire, and daily activities in a "typical village" there. Then, on his return to Fort Lee, Turner supervised the construction on Fox studio's backlot a 10-acre set with full-size replicas of the Mexican buildings he had documented in San José in Sonora. The trade journal Motion Picture News regularly updated its readers on the production's development, noting that Powell spent more than $10,000 ($ today) on the Mexican set. "The village", it reported, "is

The movie "Once Upon a Time in Mexico" was filmed in Mexico, specifically in Mexico City, as well as in the United States, Canada, and Italy. The interior scenes were filmed in the US, Canada, and Italy, while the exterior scenes were filmed in Mexico.


Question: who made the song these boots are made for walking

Answer: Lee Hazlewood

This is a document about These Boots Are Made for Walkin'
  "These Boots Are Made for Walkin' is a hit song written by Lee Hazlewood and recorded by Nancy Sinatra. It charted on January 22, 1966 and reached No. 1 in the United States Billboard Hot 100 and in the UK Singles Chart. Subsequently, many cover versions of the song have been released in a range of styles: metal, pop, rock, punk rock, country, dance, and industrial. Among the more notable versions are the singles released by Megadeth, Billy Ray Cyrus, Haley Reinhart, and Jessica Simpson.

This is a document about Fools Gold/What the World Is Waiting For
  Funky Drummer" by James Brown, which Reni had to learn the beat from. John Squire also plays guitar with various wah-wah pedal effects. Ian Brown sings the vocals in a whispered delivery. He would also perform with this technique for the track "Something's Burning". The bassline was inspired by "Know How" by Young MC, which is a sample from the Shaft theme song, performed by Isaac Hayes. The lyrics reference Nancy Sinatra's "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'" and Marquis de Sade. According to Brown, the song's verses were inspired by John Huston's 1948 film adaptation of The Treasure of the Sierra Madre and tells about "three geezers who are skint and they put their money together to get equipment to go looking for gold, then they all betray each other...".

This is a document about Los Hang Ten's
  After developing a fan base consisting of the families and friends of their schoolmates, and of teens who did not attend "Santa Maria" School but who had become their followers and, soon after playing live in several important festivals, executives at "Odeon", then one of the major Peruvian record labels, suggested that they record a single, which soon materialized with their recording of "Till the end of the day", their favorite Kinks composition, as the "A" side, and a blistering, unusual version of Nancy Sinatra's then massive worldwide hit, "These boots are made for walking", on the flip side. Both

This is a document about Meet the Residents
  The music on Meet the Residents is a mixture of several Western genres, including blues, jazz, opera and classical music, performed in an amateurish manner, deliberately or otherwise. The album features much of what came to be the Residents' trademark sound for most of the 1970s, with loud horns, odd time signatures and cartoonish vocals. Fans and critics have compared the music to that of Captain Beefheart and the Mothers of Invention. The first six tracks on the album segue into each other to form a sort of suite, starting with a skeletal cover of Nancy Sinatra's "These Boots are Made for Walkin'" before transitioning into a medley of piano

This is a document about Puss N' Boots/These Boots Are Made for Walkin'
  "Puss N' Boots/These Boots (Are Made for Walkin')" is a song by Canadian synthpop band Kon Kan, released as the third single from their 1989 album Move to Move. The song peaked at No. 61 in their native Canada, and at No. 58 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. In October 1989, the song peaked at No. 11 in New Zealand. The song includes samples and interpolations of Led Zeppelin's "Immigrant Song" and "Good Times Bad Times", Nancy Sinatra's "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'" and the Champs' "Tequila". The scratch sample that can be heard throughout the song is sampled from Beside's "Change the Beat".

This is a document about Nancy Sinatra
  to her father's label, Reprise Records, in 1961. Her first single, "Cuff Links and a Tie Clip," went largely unnoticed. However, subsequent singles charted in Europe and Japan. By 1965, without a hit in the United States, she was on the verge of being dropped by the label. Her singing career received a boost with the help of songwriter/producer/arranger Lee Hazlewood, who had been making records for ten years, notably with Duane Eddy. Hazlewood's collaboration with Sinatra began when Frank Sinatra asked Lee to help boost his daughter's career. When recording "These Boots are Made for Walkin'", Hazlewood is said to have suggested to

This is a document about Boots (EP)
  Boots is a single by KMFDM, featuring a cover of the Nancy Sinatra song "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'". It was the first release by the band after their three-year hiatus.

This is a document about Music video
  The Moon" and two different clips for "Jumpin' Jack Flash". In 1968, they collaborated with Jean-Luc Godard on the film Sympathy for the Devil, which mixed Godard's politics with documentary footage of the song's evolution during recording sessions. In 1966, Nancy Sinatra filmed a clip for her song "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'". Roy Orbison appeared in promotional clips, such as his 1968 hit, "Walk On". During late 1972–73 David Bowie featured in a series of promotional films directed by pop photographer Mick Rock, who worked extensively with Bowie in this period. Rock directed and edited four clips to promote four consecutive

This is a document about The Fog Band
  music, garage rock and proto-punk bands like the MC5 and The Stooges as well as new wave. The band's growing reputation and cult following was due in equal parts to Grindrod's ultra sharp mod appearance and charisma, their tight instrumentation, memorable songs and energetic live performances. Live favourites included a rousing, souped-up cover of Nancy Sinatra's "These Boots Are Made For Walking". The attention of local indie record label Purr Records was attracted and the band released their first (and only) EP The Law of The Sea in 2005. This received critical acclaim in the underground music press with Artrocker magazine calling it "excellent jerky new wavery from Bath's finest" and Rolling

This is a document about Lee Hazlewood
  the US and in the UK; Eddy would eventually have another 14 US hits, including "Peter Gunn", "Boss Guitar", "Forty Miles of Bad Road", "Shazam!" and "(Dance With The) Guitar Man". Hazlewood is perhaps best known for having written and produced the 1966 Nancy Sinatra U.S./UK No. 1 hit, "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'" and "Summer Wine", the latter first recorded with Suzi Jane Hokom in 1966. His collaboration with Nancy Sinatra began when Frank Sinatra asked Lee to help guide his daughter's career. When recording "These Boots are Made for Walkin'", Hazlewood suggested to Nancy Sinatra, "you can't sing like Nancy Nice Lady

This is a document about I Am a Photograph
  Amanda Lear's first album, called I Am a Photograph in reference to her former modelling career, was recorded in Munich with a German producer Anthony Monn, and consisted of mainstream disco material, with majority of lyrics written by Amanda Lear herself. In addition to original songs composed by Anthony Monn and Rainer Pietsch, the album included a number of covers: Nancy Sinatra's "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'", "Blue Tango", paired with Lear's self-penned lyrics and a French-language version of Elvis Presley's "Trouble". In addition, "Alphabet" largely incorporated excerpts from Johann Sebastian Bach's The Well-Tempered Clavier. The artwork is credited to Ariola-Eurodisc Studios. The

This is a document about Pure Hell
  1978 in London was amazingly recorded by the Groundhogs main man Tony McPhee. This London jaunt turned out to be the last hurrah for Pure Hell as Knight fell out badly with them and refused to release their album. Even a well-received UK tour and an appearance alongside the ascendant Subs at the Lyceum couldn’t stop them splitting on their return stateside. All they left behind was one single, a cover of the Nancy Sinatra song “These Boots Are Made For Walking”/”No Rules”,. They played a high power, energy-driven Punk Rock with more than a slight Hendrix-influenced guitar at some points. Some

This is a document about Killing Is My Business... and Business Is Good!
  Ones" was partially inspired by Tim the Enchanter from the movie Monty Python and the Holy Grail. "Mechanix" was originally written by Mustaine before his tenure in Metallica. He would perform the song with them during his time in the band and, after his departure, the music and lyrics were modified to create "The Four Horsemen". Lyrically, "Mechanix" is about having sex at a gas station. The album features the first of many covers performed by Megadeth: a speed metal version of Nancy Sinatra's classic "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'", with lyrics altered by Mustaine. The song sparked controversy in later years

This is a document about Go-go boot
  low-ish, the heel also became higher and chunkier. The earliest Courrèges boots were made of leather, such as kidskin or patent leather, but many of the subsequent versions and copies were made in PVC, vinyl, and other plastics. In 1966, the song "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'" was released and performed by a go-go boot wearing Nancy Sinatra, who is credited with further popularising the boot. Tim Gunn suggests that Sinatra helped establish the boot as "a symbol of female power". Female dancers on the television shows Hullabaloo and Shindig! also wore the short, white boots. This led to the boots sometimes being called 'hullabaloo boots,' as in an advertisement run in American newspapers in January 1966 for hullabaloo boots with "kooky heels and zipper backs" for the "Go-Go Getter".

This is a document about Ryan Starr
 "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'" Nancy Sinatra, (solo part in Group performance)

This is a document about Zeena Schreck
  Zeena Schreck...". In 2016, The Top Tens Most Satanic Bands listed Radio Werewolf, "Yes!, Since when does Heavy Metal have to be the only satanic music. Why not dark organ Gothic/Deathrock." In 2019, Amy Haben's article "Subversive Grooves: Music From the Dark Side," for the February 25 edition of online zine Please Kill Me, describes Radio Werewolf and Zeena, "Radio Werewolf is one of the coolest bands you probably never heard of. It's a dark trip on to the set of a vintage horror movie.[...] Zeena's version of Nancy Sinatra's, "These Boots Are Made For Walkin’," features a World War II-esque sample sound of marching boots to kick it off the song followed by a deep bass line reminiscent of Nilsson's "Jump into The Fire." Zeena seduces with sultry vocals and smacks a bit of German into the middle of the tune.

This is a document about Donnie Owens
  produced both sides. The same year, he released the single “My World” (written by Owens and Waylon Jennings) with B-side “Soldier’s Last Letter” (written by Ernest Tubb and Sgt. Henry Stewart) on the ARA label. Both sides were produced by Owens and Waylon Jennings. In 1967, he wrote and recorded the single, “Climbin’ the Walls,” which was the A-side to his cover of the song "These Boots Are Made for Walkin’” which was written by Lee Hazlewood and previously recorded by Nancy Sinatra. Owens and Waylon Jennings produced both sides. Donnie Owens wrote songs for a number of other recording artists, including Budd the Spudd and the Sprouts, Virgil Warner, Johnny Wakely, Ray Sharpe, Sanford Clark and Mac Wiseman.

This is a document about These Boots Are Made for Walkin'
  Jessica Simpson recorded her own version of "These Boots Are Made for Walkin (and added her own lyrics) for the soundtrack to the film The Dukes of Hazzard (2005). The version was also included in the international version of her fifth studio album, A Public Affair (2006). Simpson's cover was co-produced by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and was released as the soundtrack's first single on June 20, 2005. It became Simpson's fifth top-20 single in the United States, and its music video drew controversy because of its sexual imagery.

This is a document about Olli Wisdom
  In the early 1980s Wisdom was the singer in the theatrical glam and gothic rock group Specimen, and co-founded and ran The Batcave, London's weekly goth club-night at the Gargoyle Club. Before forming Specimen and opening the Batcave, Wisdom was the frontman for the punk band The Unwanted. Their most popular song was a cover version of Nancy Sinatra's "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'". After the Unwanted, Wisdom joined Metroz for a few months. Wisdom was a pioneer of psychedelic trance for many years. After Specimen split up, in 1986 he went travelling in Asia and in 1989 he came to Ko Pha-ngan in Thailand, where he first encountered

This is a document about The Fixx
  Dan K. Brown took a hiatus from the band in 1994. He was not officially replaced, and the band used session musicians on bass in his stead, with Chris Tait playing bass on most recordings and live shows from 1995 through the early 2000s. The four man line-up (with contributions from Tait and other sessioneers) recorded 1998's Elemental, as well as the 1999 album 1011 Woodland on which they re-recorded a selection of previous hits and album tracks. In 2002, the Fixx performed Nancy Sinatra's 1960s classic "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'" for an album of cover versions of songs from the 1960s to 1990s called When Pigs Fly. In 2003,

The song "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'" was written by Lee Hazlewood and recorded by Nancy Sinatra. However, the version you're asking about is the one by Ian Brown and the Inspiral Carpets, which samples the original recording by Nancy Sinatra.


Question: when did segregation end in the us military

Answer: July 26 , 1948

This is a document about Racial segregation in the United States Armed Forces
  Racial segregation in the United States Armed Forces includes the separation of white and non-white American troops, bans on people of color serving in the military, and restrictions of people of color to supporting roles in the military. Since the American Revolution, each branch of the Armed Forces has implemented different policies surrounding racial segregation. Though Executive Order 9981 officially ended segregation in the Armed Forces in 1948, some forms of racial segregation continued until after the Korean War. The US government prohibited black soldiers from being stationed on the US base in Keflavík, Iceland until the 1970s and 1980s, due to a request from the Icelandic government.

This is a document about Ethnic minorities in the U.S. Armed Forces during World War II
  Whatever their reasons for joining, they all faced further discrimination in the U.S. armed forces. At the start of the War, all branches of the U.S. military were segregated. President Harry S. Truman ordered the end of military segregation with his Executive Order 9981 in 1948, but racial discrimination and segregation continued in the U.S. armed forces through the Korean War. Some states did not desegregate their National Guard until the mid-sixties. African American soldiers and sailors were banned from fighting on the front lines, and were assigned menial tasks in place of positions in combat. However, in some cases of emergency or shortage, African Americans were brought to the front lines, including during the Invasion of Normandy and the Battle

This is a document about Executive Order 8802
  reaffirm the policy of the United States that there shall be no discrimination in the employment of workers in defense industries or government because of race, creed, color, or national origin, and I do hereby declare that it is the duty of employers and of labor organizations, in furtherance of said policy and of this Order, to provide for the full and equitable participation of all workers in defense industries, without discrimination because of race, creed, color, or national origin; These statements were directed at abolishing discrimination in employment within the defense industry and government. The government did not end segregation in the armed forces until 1948, when President Harry S. Truman issued

This is a document about Racial segregation in the United States
  Americans were left in peace and were allowed to serve in the U.S. military. Pressure to end racial segregation in the government grew among African Americans and progressives after the end of World War II. On July 26, 1948, President Harry S. Truman signed Executive Order 9981, ending segregation in the United States Armed Forces. A club central to the Harlem Renaissance in the 1920s, the Cotton Club in Harlem, New York City was a whites-only establishment, with blacks (such as Duke Ellington) allowed to perform, but to a white audience. The first black Oscar recipient Hattie McDaniel was not permitted

This is a document about Racism against African Americans in the U.S. military
  been, man 37mm that had lost their crews and volunteered for anything dangerous. The 17th remained with the 7th Marines until the right flank had been secured D-plus 3. According to the Military History Encyclopedia on the Web, were it not for the "Black Marine shore party personnel" the l.p.counterattack on the 7th Marines would not have been repulsed.  It would take over 50 years and a presidential order before the U.S. Army reviewed their records in order to award any Medals of Honor to black soldiers. This war marked the end of segregation in the U.S. military. In 1948 President Truman signed Executive Order 9981, officially ending segregation and racial inequality in the military.

This is a document about Military history of African Americans in the Vietnam War
  African Americans have always been involved in United States military service since its inception despite official policies of racial segregation and discrimination. In 1948 President Harry S. Truman abolished discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion or national origin. By 1953, the final black only unit was abolished.

This is a document about Unit cohesion in the United States military
  Prior to US Executive Order 9981, issued on July 26, 1948 by President Harry S. Truman, the American military was segregated. Opponents of racial integration frequently alleged that integrating the armed forces would have detrimental effects on unit cohesion.

This is a document about Executive Order 9981
  as rapidly as possible, having due regard to the time required to effectuate any necessary changes without impairing efficiency or morale." The order also established a committee to investigate and make recommendations to the civilian leadership of the military to implement the policy. The order eliminated Montford Point as a segregated Marine boot camp. It became a satellite facility of Camp Lejeune. Most of the actual enforcement of the order was accomplished by President Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration (1953–1961), including the desegregation of military schools, hospitals, and bases. The last of the all-black units in the United States military was abolished in September 1954. Kenneth Claiborne Royall, Secretary of the Army since 1947,

This is a document about Military brat (U.S. subculture)
  In 1948, nearly 20 years before the civil rights movement swept through the non-military segments of U.S. society, President Truman signed Executive Order 9981 integrating the military and mandating equality of treatment and opportunity. It outlawed segregation in the military and made it illegal, per military law, to make a racist remark. Fifteen years later, Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara issued Department of Defense Directive 5120.36. "Every military commander," the Directive mandates, "has the responsibility to oppose discriminatory practices affecting his men and their dependents and to foster equal opportunity for them, not only in areas under his immediate control, but also in nearby communities where they may gather in off-duty hours." The directive was issued in 1963, but it was not

This is a document about Aftermath of the Korean War
  President Truman signed Executive Order 9981 on July 26, 1948, calling on the armed forces to provide equal treatment and opportunity for black servicemen. The extent to which Truman's 1948 orders were carried out varied among the various branches of the military, with segregated units still in deployment at the start of the war, and eventually being integrated towards the end of the war. The last large segregated operational unit was the U.S. 24th Infantry Regiment which was deactivated on October 1, 1951. There has been some confusion over the previously reported number of 54,589 Korean War deaths. In 1993, this number was divided by the Defense Department into 33,686 battle deaths, 2,830 non-battle deaths, and 17,730 deaths of Defense Department

This is a document about George L. P. Weaver
  at the Pentagon organized by US Secretary of Defense James Forrestal, whose goal was "introducing to the services in a systematic and documented way the complaints of responsible black leaders while instructing those leaders in the manpower problems confronting the postwar armed forces." Meeting attendees were unanimous that US military services needed to end segregation. Soon thereafter, President Truman's Executive Order 9981 (July 26, 1948) abolished discrimination "on the basis of race, color, religion or national origin" in the United States Armed Forces, and led to the re-integration of the services during the Korean War (1950–1953). Beginning in 1950, Weaver worked on international labor issues as a special

This is a document about Racism against African Americans in the U.S. military
  African Americans have served the U.S. military in every war the U.S has fought. Formalized discrimination against black people who have served in the U.S. military lasted from its creation during the Revolutionary War to the end of segregation by President Harry S. Truman's Executive Order 9981 in 1948. Although desegregation within the U.S. military was legally established with President Truman's executive order, full integration of African-American servicemen was not established until 1950 in the Navy and Air Force, 1953 in the Army, and 1960 in the Marine Corps.

This is a document about Cornelius H. Charlton
  Charlton left for Basic Combat Training in November 1946. As an African American, he entered the Army at a time when it was still segregated. In 1948, U.S. president Harry S. Truman ordered the desegregation of the U.S. military with Executive Order 9981. However, many units remained de facto segregated, with African Americans mostly being pooled into service units and non-combat duties. It would be several years before troops were fully integrated. Upon graduating from basic training, Charlton was assigned to Allied-occupied Germany, where he served out his whole enlistment. Charlton opted to re-enlist, and his next assignment was with a military engineering battalion at

This is a document about Noel F. Parrish
  Parrish stayed in command of the Tuskegee Airmen through the end of World War II in 1945 until August 20, 1946 when he was assigned to the Air University at Maxwell. During this time the war was winding down and the struggle to integrate the United States military heated up. Virtually all commanders submitted reports claiming that blacks took longer to train and performed more poorly than whites. Parrish was one of the few who did not do so. Parrish pointed out instances that showed blatant discrimination occurred against black airmen during the war, such as when there was a shortage of

This is a document about John J. McCloy
  As chairman of the Army's Advisory Committee on Negro Troop Policy, he at first opposed the civil rights spokesman who wanted the Army to end segregation. However, he changed his mind and in late 1945, just before leaving the government to return to Wall Street, he proposed ending segregation in the military. On March 17, 1949, McCloy and General Alvan Cullom Gillem, Jr. testified before the President's Committee on Equality of Treatment and Opportunity in the Armed Services.

This is a document about Idwal H. Edwards
  unnecessary, promised eventual integration, but also stated that segregation remained Air Force policy. As evidence of progress, Edwards pointed to the peaceful integration of black officers in training at Randolph Field. Edwards further stated that air force policy was considered "the best way to make this thing work under present conditions." Later Edwards told Secretary of the Air Force W. Stuart Symington, perhaps some recommendation "looking toward the integration of whites and negroes in the same units may be forthcoming" from the Air Board's study of racial policy which was to commence the first week in May. 26 July 1948, President Harry S. Truman's executive order eventually ended racial segregation in the armed forces with the last all-Black unit disbanded in 1952.

This is a document about Military history of African Americans
  On July 26, 1948, President Harry S. Truman signed Executive Order 9981 integrating the military and mandating equality of treatment and opportunity. It also made it illegal, per military law, to make a racist remark. Desegregation of the military was not complete for several years, and all-black Army units persisted well into the Korean War. The last all-black unit was not disbanded until 1954. In 1950, Lieutenant Leon Gilbert of the still-segregated 24th Infantry Regiment was court martialed and sentenced to death for refusing to obey the orders of a white officer while serving in the Korean War. Gilbert maintained that the orders would have

This is a document about Church of Our Father (Atlanta)
  As the church wrestled with public insinuations of Communist complicity, a real assault on long-standing and fundamental southern segregation policies was underway. In 1944 the Supreme Court ruling in Smith v. Allwright declared unconstitutional the white-only primary system long used by southern Democrats to restrict minority voting rights. Four years later, President Harry S. Truman would sign Executive Order 9981, ending segregation in the United States Armed Forces. Change to southern Jim Crow traditions was afoot. Rev. Domas, in both words and action, reflected this change. Upon arrival in Atlanta, he took a one-day a week job at Atlanta University, a predominately

This is a document about Racial segregation in the United States
  Racial segregation in the United States is the segregation of facilities and services such as housing, medical care, education, employment, and transportation in the United States along racial lines. The term mainly refers to the legally or socially enforced separation of African Americans from whites, but it is also used with regard to the separation of other ethnic minorities from majority mainstream communities. While mainly referring to the physical separation and provision of separate facilities, it can also refer to other manifestations such as prohibitions against interracial marriage (enforced with anti-miscegenation laws), and the separation of roles within an institution. Notably, in the United States Armed Forces up until 1948, black units were typically separated from white units but were still led by white officers. Signs

This is a document about 761st Tank Battalion (United States)
  Returning soldiers of African-American units (the 761st had been the first of many segregated combat units, including the 92nd Infantry Division and the famous Tuskegee Airmen) often did not receive a warm welcome home as most white units did. Their unequal treatment was a source of much disappointment and discouragement. However, the distinguished service of many black combat units helped convince the government, now under President Harry S. Truman, to finally desegregate the US Armed Forces soon after the war ended. On 24 November 1947, the 761st was reactivated (as an integrated unit) at Fort Knox, Kentucky, and assigned to the Regular Army, where it served until again inactivated on 15 March 1955.

Segregation in the US military ended with the signing of Executive Order 9981 by President Harry S. Truman on July 26, 1948. However, it's important to note that racial discrimination and segregation in the military persisted after this order, and it wasn't until the 1950s that the armed forces began to desegregate fully.


Question: who won the contest to design the capitol building

Answer: William Thornton

This is a document about United States Capitol
   In spring 1792, United States Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson proposed a design competition to solicit designs for the Capitol and the "President's House", and set a four-month deadline. The prize for the competition was $500 and a lot in the Federal City. At least ten individuals submitted designs for the Capitol; however the drawings were regarded as crude and amateurish, reflecting the level of architectural skill present in the United States at the time. The most promising of the submissions was by Stephen Hallet, a trained French architect. However, Hallet's designs were overly fancy, with too much French influence, and were deemed too costly. A late entry by amateur architect William Thornton was submitted on January 31, 1793, to much praise for its "Grandeur,

This is a document about Ohio Statehouse
  design. Consultation with New York architect Alexander Jackson Davis resulted in a composite design that merged some key features of the three winning entries, but it was rejected as being too expensive. Henry Walter, the first-place winner of the design contest, was chosen to supervise construction of the new capitol and he began working on another composite design that was based largely on the design of third-place winner, Thomas Cole. Cole had a personal friendship with one of the commissioners, a man named William A. Adams who was from Steubenville. Cole's nephew, William Henry Bayless, a Steubenville native, was apprenticed in the office of Alexander Jackson

This is a document about Parliament Hill
  and departmental buildings were each awarded separately. The first was awarded to the team of Thomas Fuller and Chilion Jones with their Victorian High Gothic scheme of a formal, symmetrical front facing a quadrangle and a more rustic, picturesque back facing the escarpment overlooking the Ottawa River. The team of Thomas Stent and Augustus Laver won the prize for the second category, which included the East and West Blocks. These proposals were selected for their sophisticated use of Gothic architecture, which was thought to remind people of parliamentary democracy's history, would contradict the republican neoclassicism of the United States' capital, and would be suited to the rugged surroundings while also being stately. $300,000 was allocated for the main building and $120,000 for each of the departmental buildings.

This is a document about Montana State Capitol
  A design competition for the building was conducted in 1896. The commission selected a design by George R. Mann as the winner. In 1897, after it was found that the Commission was planning to scam money from the building project, it was disbanded and a second Capitol Commission was convened. The new Commission abandoned Mann's plan as being too costly, and had a second design competition, won by Charles Emlen Bell and John Hackett Kent, of Bell & Kent of Council Bluffs, Iowa. In order to have their design built, Bell & Kent relocated their office to Helena. While Mann's building was never built in Montana, it was selected later

This is a document about United States Capitol rotunda
  The doctor and architect William Thornton was the winner of the contest to design the Capitol in 1793. Thornton had first conceived the idea of a central rotunda. However, due to lack of funds or resources, oft-interrupted construction, and the British attack on Washington during the War of 1812, work on the rotunda did not begin until 1818. The rotunda was completed in 1824 under Architect of the Capitol Charles Bulfinch, as part of a series of new buildings and projects in preparation for the final visit of Marquis de Lafayette in 1824. The rotunda was designed in the neoclassical style and was intended to evoke the design of the Pantheon. The sandstone rotunda walls rise 48 ft above the floor; everything above this—the Capitol dome–was designed in 1854 by Thomas U. Walter, the fourth Architect of the Capitol. Walter had

This is a document about Architecture of the United States
  The United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. is an example of uniform urbanism: the design of the capitol building was imagined by the French Pierre Charles L'Enfant. This ideal of the monumental city and neoclassicism. Several cities wanted to apply this concept, which is part of the reason why Washington, D.C. did. The new nation's capital should have the best examples of architecture at the time. The White House was constructed after the creation of Washington, D.C. by congressional law in December 1790. After a contest, James Hoban, an Irish American, was chosen and the construction began in October 1792. The building that he had conceived was modeled upon the first and

This is a document about History of modern period domes
   The design for the United States' national capitol building approved by George Washington included a dome modeled on the Pantheon, with a low exterior elevation. Subsequent design revisions resulted in a double dome, with a raised external profile on an octagonal drum, and construction did not begin until 1822. The interior dome was built of stone and brick except for the upper third, which was made of wood. The exterior dome was wooden and covered with copper sheeting. The dome and building were completed by Charles Bulfinch in 1829. Most of the 50 state capitol buildings or statehouses with domes in the United States cover a central rotunda, or

This is a document about Nebraska State Capitol
  One of the Capitol Commission's first actions was to hire Omaha architect Thomas Rogers Kimball to serve as the commission's professional advisor. Kimball, who was president of the American Institute of Architects, devised a two-stage competition for the selection of a capitol architect. In the preliminary stage, the commission invited Nebraska architects to submit capitol designs and hired Irving Kane Pond to serve as judge. Together, Pond and the commission selected Ellery L. Davis (Lincoln), John Latenser & Sons (Omaha), and John McDonald and Alan McDonald (Omaha) to compete in the final stage. Next the commission opened the final stage to nationally known architects including: Bliss & Faville (San Francisco), Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue (New York), H. Van Buren Magonigle (New York), McKim, Mead, and White (New York), John Russell Pope (New York), Tracy & Swartwout (New York), and Paul Cret and Zantzinger, Borie and

This is a document about Willoughby J. Edbrooke
  design of at least forty buildings. The monumentally classical Georgia State Capitol shows Burnham's design sensibility rather than Edbrooke's, as Edbrooke's late constructions show. At the turn of the twentieth century, fire destroyed many of the documents in storage at the Capitol, including the original plans and specifications for the building. The competition for the capitol's design was judged by New York architect, George B. Post, who remarked its "beauty, strength and harmony" in justifying his selection of the Edbrooke and Burnham classicizing design, that it was more academically correct, simple and elegant, and monumental in its appearance. At the World's

This is a document about United States Capitol
  and Beauty" by Washington, along with praise from Thomas Jefferson. Thornton was inspired by the east front of the Louvre, as well as the Paris Pantheon for the center portion of the design. Thornton's design was officially approved in a letter dated April 5, 1793, from Washington, and Thornton served as the first Architect of the Capitol (and later first Superintendent of the United States Patent and Trademark Office). In an effort to console Hallet, the commissioners appointed him to review Thornton's plans, develop cost estimates, and serve as superintendent of construction. Hallet proceeded to pick apart and make drastic changes to Thornton's design, which he saw as costly to build and problematic. In July 1793, Jefferson convened a five-member commission, bringing Hallet and Thornton

This is a document about Architect of the Capitol
  The Architect of the Capitol (AOC) is the federal agency responsible for the maintenance, operation, development, and preservation of the United States Capitol Complex. It is an agency of the legislative branch of the federal government and is accountable to the United States Congress and the Supreme Court. The head of the agency is also called "Architect of the Capitol". President Trump nominated Brett Blanton as Architect of the Capitol on December 9, 2019. On December 19, 2019, the United States Senate confirmed his nomination by voice vote. He was sworn in on January 16, 2020. Blanton replaced acting Architect of the Capitol Thomas J. Carroll, who replaced former acting architect of the Capitol Christine A. Merdon. Prior to that, Stephen T. Ayers served as acting architect of the Capitol from February 2007, and was unanimously confirmed by the Senate on May 12, 2010, becoming the 11th architect of the Capitol. He retired on November 23, 2018.

This is a document about Pennsylvania State Capitol
  terms of the competition were "calculated to only 'encourage favoritism and injustice' and that they in no way obligated the Capitol [Building] Commission to select the best design or the best architect." The Institute also advised that no Pennsylvania architects enter the competition; Philadelphia architect Addison Hutton was subsequently expelled from the organization after submitting an entry. Joseph Miller Huston's design was chosen from nine entries in the competition in January 1902. The ground was broken for the Huston Capitol on November 2, 1902, but the cornerstone was not laid until May 5, 1904. Ownership of the capitol was handed over to the

This is a document about Cass Gilbert
  Cass Gilbert (November 24, 1859 – May 17, 1934) was a prominent American architect. An early proponent of skyscrapers, his works include the Woolworth Building, the United States Supreme Court building, the state capitols of Minnesota, Arkansas and West Virginia; and the Saint Louis Art Museum and Public Library. His public buildings in the Beaux Arts style reflect the optimistic American sense that the nation was heir to Greek democracy, Roman law and Renaissance humanism. Gilbert's achievements were recognized in his lifetime; he served as president of the American Institute of Architects in 1908–09. Gilbert was a conservative who believed architecture should reflect historic

This is a document about Nebraska State Capitol
  (Philadelphia). Kimball wrote an innovative competition program that did not dictate plan, style, or material for the capitol. The program did state, however, the commission's desire that the architect collaborate with "sculptor, painter, and landscapist" to create a unified design. Finally, Kimball organized the competition so that the jury was selected only after the ten competitors had submitted their designs to the Capitol Commission. The designs were identified by numbers and "separate sealed envelopes contained the architects' names and plan numbers." Next, the Capitol Commission chose the first of three competition jurors, Waddy Butler Wood; the competitors chose the second, James Gamble Rogers; and Wood and Rogers chose the third, Willis Polk. On June 26, 1920, the jury chose the author of design "Number 4" as the architect of the Nebraska State Capitol. The author of design "Number 4" was Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue.

This is a document about White House
   The President's House was a major feature of Pierre (Peter) Charles L'Enfant's 1791 plan for the newly established federal city of Washington, D.C. Washington and his Secretary of State, Thomas Jefferson, who both had personal interests in architecture, agreed that the design of the White House and the Capitol would be chosen in a design competition. Although all proposals for the Capital were rejected, an acceptable drawing for the White House submitted by James Hoban was selected from several including one submitted anonymously by Jefferson himself. Hoban was born in Ireland and trained at the Dublin Society of Arts. He emigrated to the US after the revolution, first seeking work in Philadelphia and

This is a document about Indiana Statehouse
  capitol building had been razed, the new building was constructed on the same site. Two million dollars (USD) were appropriated for construction of the new building, and it was completed in 1888. Governor Williams, who was famed for his frugality, was able to complete the project for $1.8 million and returned the extra $200,000 to the general fund. A team of commissioners, including former Civil War general and civil engineer Thomas A. Morris, planned and oversaw the project. The structure was designed by Edwin May, an Indianapolis architect. Not wanting to repeat the mistakes made in the construction of the previous statehouse, the legislature required the new

This is a document about Iowa State Capitol
  Although the building could not be constructed for $1.5 million as planned, the Cochrane and Piquenard design was retained, and modifications were undertaken. Cochrane resigned in 1872, but Piquenard continued until his death in 1876. He was succeeded by two of his assistants, Mifflin E. Bell and W.F. Hackney. Bell redesigned the dome so that it better fit the proportions of the building. Hackney was the only architect who stayed on the project until the end. The capitol building was dedicated on January 17, 1884, and it was completed sometime in 1886. The building commission made its final report on June 29, 1886, with a total cost of $2,873,294.59. The audit showed that only $3.77 was unaccounted for in the 15 years of construction.

This is a document about William Thornton
  his return to Philadelphia. Between July and November 1792, the Washington administration examined closely the designs submitted by the French émigré architect Etienne Sulpice Hallet, (1755-1825), and Judge George Turner. Hallet and Turner had been summoned to the Federal City in August 1792 to present their ideas to the "Commissioners of the District of Columbia" and local landholders. Both were then encouraged to submit revisions of their designs to accommodate new conditions and requirements. At the beginning of November, Turner's new designs were rejected. The painter John Trumbull handed in William Thornton's still "unfinished" revised plan of the Capitol building on January 29, 1793, but the President's formal approbation was not recorded until April 2,

This is a document about New Castle Court House Museum
  judicial proceedings until 1888. In 1804, when Benjamin H. Latrobe (the designer of the United States Capitol) was living in New Castle, the architect performed a survey and designed a town plan along with his apprentices Robert Mills (later designer of the Washington Monument) and William Strickland (architect of the Second Bank of the United States). The streets around the Court House were regraded so that it would loom above street level as a result of the town plan Latrobe devised. As part of this survey, the architects drew detailed images of the New Castle Court House that were used for later restorations.

This is a document about Arlington Memorial Bridge
  The bridge commission asked the Commission of Fine Arts whether there should be an open design competition (as in the past) or whether the bridge commission should pick a designer itself. The CFA recommended a direct selection, and provided the names of three firms: Charles A. Platt, who designed the Freer Gallery of Art; Paul Philippe Cret, who designed the Pan-American Union Building; and the firm of McKim, Mead and White. The bridge commission chose a direct selection, and picked the firm of McKim, Mead and White on April 4, 1923. Architect William Mitchell Kendall was the lead designer. Members of the D.C. business community immediately pressed for resolution on whether the bridge would have

Thomas Jefferson won the contest to design the United States Capitol building in 1792. However, the design was not built until 1818 due to various delays.


Question: who set up the first stockyard for texas cattle in abilene kansas

Answer: Joseph G. McCoy

This is a document about History of Kansas
  After the Civil War, the railroads did not reach Texas, so the herdsman brought their cattle to Kansas rail heads. In 1867, Joseph G. McCoy built stockyards in Abilene, Kansas and helped develop the Chisholm Trail, encouraging Texas cattlemen to undertake cattle drives to his stockyards from 1867 to 1887. The stockyards became the largest west of Kansas City. Once the cattle was drove north, they were shipped eastward from the railhead of the Kansas Pacific Railway. In 1871, Wild Bill Hickok became marshal of Abilene, Kansas. His encounter there with John Wesley Hardin resulted in the latter fleeing the town after Wild Bill managed to

This is a document about Abilene, Texas
  Established by cattlemen as a stock shipping point on the Texas and Pacific Railway in 1881, the city was named after Abilene, Kansas, the original endpoint for the Chisholm Trail. The T&P had bypassed the town of Buffalo Gap, the county seat at the time. Eventually, a landowner north of Buffalo Gap, Clabe Merchant, known as the father of Abilene, chose the name for the new town. According to a Dallas newspaper, about 800 people had already begun camping at the townsite before the lots were sold. The town was laid out by Colonel J. Stoddard Johnson, and the auction of lots began early on March 15, 1881. By the end of the

This is a document about Chisholm Trail
  Abilene, Kansas. He encouraged Texas cattlemen to drive their herds to his stockyards. O. W. Wheeler answered McCoy's call, and he along with partners used the Chisholm Trail to bring a herd of 2,400 head from Texas to Abilene. This herd was the first of an estimated 5,000,000 head of Texas cattle to reach Kansas over the Chisholm Trail. McCoy's stockyards shipped 35,000 head in 1867 and became the largest stockyards west of Kansas City, Kansas. The construction of the Union Pacific Railway through Nebraska eventually offered a cattle drive destination that was an attractive alternative to the Kansas Pacific Railroad. The Texas Trail emerged as an alternative to the Chisholm Trail. Between 1876 and 1884 some drives went along the Texas Trail instead of the Chisholm Trail.

This is a document about Dodge City, Kansas
  was cut short by the Civil War. In 1866, the first Texas cattle started arriving in Baxter Springs in southeastern Kansas by way of the Shawnee Trail. However, Texas Longhorn cattle carried a tick that spread Texas cattle fever, among other breeds of cattle. Alarmed Kansas farmers persuaded the Kansas State Legislature to establish a quarantine line in central Kansas. The quarantine prohibited Texas Longhorns from the heavily settled, eastern portion of the state. With the cattle trade forced west, Texas Longhorns began moving north along the Chisholm Trail. In 1867, the main cowtown was Abilene, Kansas. Profits were high, and other towns quickly joined in the cattle boom: Newton in

This is a document about Texas Road
  way and sold his steers in Fort Scott at a profit. With six states enacting laws in the first half of 1867 against trailing, Texas cattlemen realized the need for a new trail that would skirt the farm settlements and thus avoid the trouble over tick fever. In 1867, a young Illinois livestock dealer, Joseph G. McCoy, built market facilities at Abilene, Kansas, at the terminus of the Chisholm Trail. The new route to the west of the Shawnee Trail soon began carrying the bulk of the Texas herds, leaving the earlier trail to dwindle for a few years and expire. The Texas Road eventually became part of U.S. Route 69.

This is a document about Abilene, Kansas
  stockyards west of Kansas City, Kansas. In 1871, more than 5,000 cowboys herded from 600,000 to 700,000 cows to Abilene and other Kansas railheads. Another source reports 440,200 head of cattle were shipped out of Abilene from 1867 to 1871. As railroads were built further south, the end of the Chisholm Trail was slowly moved south toward Caldwell, while Kansas homesteaders concerned with cattle ruining their farm crops moved the trail west towards and past Ellsworth. Town marshal Tom "Bear River" Smith was initially successful policing Abilene, often using only his bare hands. He survived 2 assassination attempts during his tenure. However, he was murdered and decapitated on November 2, 1870. Smith wounded 1 of his

This is a document about Abilene Trail
  The Abilene Trail was a cattle trail leading from Texas to Abilene, Kansas. Its exact route is disputed owing to its many offshoots, but it crossed the Red River just east of Henrietta, Texas, and continued north across the Indian Territory to Caldwell, Kansas and on past Wichita and Newton to Abilene. The first herds were probably driven over it in 1866, though it was not named until Abilene was established in 1867. In 1867, Joseph G. McCoy of Illinois settled in Abilene to engage in the cattle trade. He laid out a cattle trail to connect with the north end of the Chisholm Trail, near Wichita. It was to run northward to Abilene on the Union

This is a document about American frontier
  St. Louis, and points east for slaughter and consumption in the fast-growing cities. The Chisholm Trail, laid out by cattleman Joseph McCoy along an old trail marked by Jesse Chisholm, was the major artery of cattle commerce, carrying over 1.5 million head of cattle between 1867 and 1871 over the 800 mi from south Texas to Abilene, Kansas. The long drives were treacherous, especially crossing water such as the Brazos and the Red River and when they had to fend off Indians and rustlers looking to make off with their cattle. A typical drive would take three to four months and contained

This is a document about Joseph McCoy
  'Spanish Fever'. The local shorthorn breeds were seriously affected and in some towns the loss of the cattle was almost 100%. The result was a great predice against Texas cattle in Eastern Kansas and Missouri(although this may be because the longhorns were already immune to the disease.)"  McCoy expected that the railroads companies were interested in expanding their freight operations and he saw this as a good business opportunity. McCoy built a hotel, stockyard, office and bank in a little village along the Kansas Pacific Railway (currently the Union Pacific). This village became known as Abilene, Kansas - one of

This is a document about Chisholm Trail
  Texas ranchers using the Chisholm Trail had their cowboys start cattle drives from either the Rio Grande area or San Antonio. They joined the Chisholm Trail at the Red River, at the border between Texas and Oklahoma Territory. They continued north to the rail head of the Kansas Pacific Railway in Abilene, Kansas, where the cattle would be sold and shipped eastward. The trail is named for Jesse Chisholm, a multiracial trader from Tennessee of half Cherokee descent. Together with scout Black Beaver, he developed the trail to transport his goods from one trading post to another. The two men were the first to drive cattle north along this route.

This is a document about Fort Worth Stockyards
  the United States." Some volunteers still run the cattle drives through the stockyards, a practice developed in the late 19th century by the frontiersman Charles "Buffalo" Jones, who herded buffalo calves through the streets of Garden City, Kansas. On April 1, 2011, the Fort Worth Stockyards Stables were remodeled and reopened. They are located next door to the Hyatt hotel in an original Historic Stockyards building that was built in 1912. Moved to the Armour building after the 2015 remodel. The stables offers horse rentals on the open trails of the Trinity River and carriage rides. The Grapevine Vintage Railroad runs a heritage railway service between Grapevine station and The Stockyards.

This is a document about Timeline of Kansas history
  Battle of Marais des Cygnes in Linn County, Kansas. ; 1867: Joseph G. McCoy builds stockyards in Abilene, Kansas and helps develop the Chisholm Trail, encouraging Texas cattlemen to undertake cattle drives to his stockyards. ; 1869: Union Pacific Eastern Division renamed the Kansas Pacific. ; 1871: Wild Bill Hickok becomes marshal of Abilene, Kansas. ; 1885: Coronado, Kansas, established. ; 1887, February 27: shoot-out with boosters — some would say hired gunmen — from nearby Leoti leaves several people dead and wounded. ; 1877: Nicodemus, the first all-black town in Kansas, is founded by African-American migrants from Kentucky. ; 1879: large number of former slaves move from Southern states to Kansas. ; 1881, February 19: Kansas becomes the first U.S. state to adopt a Constitutional amendment prohibiting all alcoholic beverages. ; 1890, November 22: College football comes to Kansas in the 1890 Kansas vs. Baker football game.

This is a document about Cattle towns
  The first cattle town was Abilene, which was made into a market for Texan cattle in 1867. The town of Abilene was a prosperous cattle market until farmers took all of its outlying ranges, which completely severed Abilene's link to the trail. Ellsworth, Newton, and Wichita replaced Abilene as the major cattle towns in 1872. These three towns found themselves on rival railroads and competed for the cattle trade. In 1875 the three of them Ellsworth, Newton and Wichita lost access to the cattle trails because of expansive rural settlement around the towns. Dodge City became the major cattle town in 1876, and Caldwell joined it in 1880, but both towns were closed to the cattle trade in 1885 when Kansas outlawed the importation of Texan cattle.

This is a document about Cowboy
  shipping facility was built west of farm country around the railhead at Abilene, Kansas, and became a center of cattle shipping, loading over 36,000 head of cattle that year. The route from Texas to Abilene became known as the Chisholm Trail, after Jesse Chisholm, who marked out the route. It ran through present-day Oklahoma, which then was Indian Territory. Later, other trails forked off to different railheads, including those at Dodge City and Wichita, Kansas. By 1877, the largest of the cattle-shipping boom towns, Dodge City, Kansas, shipped out 500,000 head of cattle. Cattle drives had to strike a balance between speed and the weight of the cattle. While cattle could be driven as far as 25 mi in

This is a document about Southwestern Exposition and Livestock Show
  The city of Fort Worth was nicknamed "Cowtown" shortly after the Civil War, as cowboys stopped for supplies in the town while herding their cattle from South Texas to the Chisholm Trail. After the arrival of the Texas and Pacific Railway in 1876, various business people in the town began erecting stock yards in an effort to become a greater part of the cattle industry. In 1883, the Fort Worth Stockyards were officially incorporated. Local ranchers wished to encourage interest in their cattle. A conversation between rancher Charles McFarland and Charles French, marketing manager for the Fort Worth Stock Yards, resulted in the first area stock show in 1896. This event was the first

This is a document about Cattle drives in the United States
  Jefferson, Texas. In 1868, David Morrill Poor, a former Confederate officer from San Antonio, drove 1,100 cattle from east of San Angelo into Mexico over the Chihuahua Trail. This event, the "Great Chihuahua Cattle Drive," was the largest cattle drive attempted over that trail up to that time, but the market was much better in Kansas than in Mexico, so most drives headed north. By 1867, a cattle shipping facility owned by Joseph G. McCoy opened in Abilene, Kansas. Built west of farm country and close to the railhead at Abilene, the town became a center of cattle shipping, loading over 36,000 head of cattle in its first year. The route from Texas to Abilene became known as the Chisholm Trail, named for Jesse Chisholm who marked out the route. It

This is a document about William B. Slaughter (rancher)
  Slaughter went on a cattle drive to Jefferson, Texas with his brother C.C. in 1867. Two years later, in 1869, he drove cattle on the Chisholm Trail with another brother, Peter. The two men drove cattle all the way to Abilene, Kansas. In 1870, he drove 1,600 head of cattle to Kansas City, Kansas. On his way in Red Fork, Oklahoma, Slaughter and his retinue encountered members of the Osage Nation, but they quickly became friendly. In 1877, Slaughter invested in steers with his brother John. The two brothers drove the cattle to Kansas, where they sold it annually. Later, they moved to a ranch near McDonald Creek in Crosby County, Texas. They sold it in 1883, and William moved to a ranch in

This is a document about Allen Ranch
  As a young man Samuel W. Allen (no relation to the Allen Brothers who founded Houston) came to the newly established Republic of Texas in 1842 in search of opportunity. He arrived at the young town of Harrisburg (modern east Houston) and soon after married into the Thomas family which had come to Texas as part of Stephen F. Austin's original colony. Using land from the Thomas grant which was located along the Buffalo Bayou between Harrisburg and Galveston Bay (what is now Pasadena) Sam Allen launched a cattle ranch in 1844. His cattle range extended much farther down the shoreline of the bay. Like many ranchers in Texas, Allen began his herd by gathering Longhorn cattle, descended from Spanish cattle brought to the New World, which ran wild throughout Texas. Allen's herd grew rapidly such that by the 1860s had gained exclusive shipping rights for cattle to New Orleans and Cuba from the Morgan Lines, Texas' first steamship company, which was later to become a major factor in establishing Houston as an important Texas port and railroad shipping center.

This is a document about Ben Thompson (lawman)
  In 1870, Thompson left Texas for Abilene, Kansas, which had become a boomtown due to the expanding cattle trade. In 1871, Thompson opened the "Bulls Head Saloon" in Abilene, with friend and partner, Phil Coe. Their saloon prospered due to the many cattle drives that gave Abilene a steady stream of cowboys passing through who were anxious to drink and gamble. It was at the Bulls Head Saloon that Thompson and Coe made the acquaintance of John Wesley Hardin, and actively recruited him in an attempt to rid the town of its marshal, "Wild" Bill Hickok. The two entrepreneurs had painted a picture of a bull with a large erect penis on the side of their establishment as a form of advertisement. Citizens of the town had complained to Hickok. When Thompson and Coe refused his request to remove the bull,

This is a document about Abilene, Kansas
  In 1803, most of modern Kansas was secured by the United States as part of the Louisiana Purchase. In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1857, Dickinson County was founded. Abilene began as a stage coach stop in the same year, established by Timothy Hersey and named Mud Creek. It wasn't until 1860 that it was named Abilene, from a passage in the Bible (Luke 3:1), meaning "grassy plains." In 1867, the Kansas Pacific Railway (Union Pacific) pushed westward through Abilene. In the same year, Joseph G. McCoy purchased 250 acres of land north and east of Abilene, on which he built a hotel, the Drover's

Joseph G. McCoy set up the first stockyard for Texas cattle in Abilene, Kansas.


Question: who played piscatella in orange is the new black

Answer: Brad William Henke

This is a document about Brad William Henke
  Brad William Henke (born April 10, 1966) is an American actor and former National Football League and Arena Football League player. He is best known for his role as prison guard Desi Piscatella on Orange Is the New Black, for which he won the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series in 2016.

This is a document about Brad William Henke
  Henke began acting in 1994, starting with commercials. He appeared in October Road, Around June, The Amateurs, World Trade Center, In the Valley of Elah, Choke, Sherrybaby, Must Love Dogs and Fury. His television career includes roles in Arliss, ER, Dexter, Lost, Justified, The Office, Orange Is the New Black, Sneaky Pete, and MacGyver (2016)''. Henke's breakout role has been on Orange Is the New Black as Desi Piscatella, a gay corrections officer at Litchfield Federal Penitentiary. He joined OITNB in the fourth season. He was part of the cast that won the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series for 2016.

This is a document about Jessica Pimentel
  After a series of bit parts, Pimentel played the role of Angelique Domenguez in the 2008 film Pride and Glory. In 2014, she was cast as Floyd in four episodes of Person of Interest. Pimentel's breakout role came in 2013, when she was cast as Maria Ruiz on the Netflix comedy-drama Orange Is the New Black. Pimentel was credited as a guest star for the first four seasons, before finally being made a part of the regular cast for Season 5.

This is a document about Jessica Pimentel
  Jessica Pimentel (born September 20, 1982) is an American actress and musician. She is best known for her role as Maria Ruiz on the Netflix original series Orange Is the New Black. She is also the lead singer of the metal band Alekhine's Gun and backing vocalist in the band Brujeria.

This is a document about List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters
  Desi Piscatella (played by Brad William Henke) – A guard that previously worked in max. He is a major antagonist in both the fourth and fifth seasons. Piscatella was one of the guards from max that responded when many of minimum security's more experienced guards walked out after MCC took over, and his performance impressed Caputo enough to get him appointed as the new captain of the guards. Piscatella is shown to be very strict, brutal and overzealous with his methods, and becomes very unpopular with the inmates. He calls Piper into his office, and after encouraging her to create a task

This is a document about Miracle at St. Anna
  one of the few people in her village who has learned some English. She tries very hard to make her father renounce his Fascist beliefs." ; John Turturro as Detective Antonio "Tony" Ricci, who is charged with investigating a post office murder in 1983 ; Joseph Gordon-Levitt as Tim Boyle, the investigative reporter assigned to cover the murder and subsequent discovery of an Italian artifact ; Kerry Washington as Zana Wilder, a lawyer hired to represent the suspected post office murderer. Naomi Campbell was originally cast as Wilder in September 2007, but later pulled out due to scheduling conflicts.  Other cast members include John Leguizamo, in a cameo

This is a document about Lorraine Toussaint
  in the 2012 drama film Middle of Nowhere, written and directed by Ava DuVernay. In 2014, she played the role of Yvonne "Vee" Parker, the main antagonist in the second season of the Netflix comedy-drama series Orange Is the New Black, for which she received critical acclaim and a Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Drama Series. She later played the role of Amelia Boynton Robinson in the 2014 historical drama film Selma, directed by Ava DuVernay. Toussaint later co-starred in the ABC fantasy-drama series Forever (2014–15), Fox comedy-drama Rosewood (2015–17) and AMC drama Into the Badlands (2018–19). She starred in the 2019 horror film Scary Stories to Tell in the Dark.

This is a document about List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters
 The manner and circumstances of Resado's death and its aftermath are likely a reference to the death of Darren Rainey. Miguel Resado (played by Marcos Palma) – Another inmate at Piscatella's first prison. After finding Piscatella's file in Caputo's office, Flores discovers a report detailing how an inmate named Resado had been found unresponsive in the showers with 3rd-degree burns on 80% of his body, while on Piscatella's watch. A shocked Red realizes that Piscatella almost certainly killed him. In flashbacks, it is revealed that Resado was an inmate who while assigned to the kitchen accidentally walked in on Piscatella kissing Wes Driscoll, his secret lover. Subsequently, Resado had led a gang of other inmates in a brutal attack and gang rape of Driscoll. Enraged and vengeful, Piscatella had chained Resado under a shower and turned the hot water on full. When another guard starts to express concern at the sound of Resado's agonized screams, Piscatella coldly denies being able to hear anything and proceeds to stand guard as the flailing and screaming Resado is slowly boiled alive.

This is a document about Lin Tucci
  Lin Tucci (born Linda Petrucci, February 8, 1960) is an American actress. Tucci is known for her performance as Henrietta "Mama" Bazoom in the film Showgirls (1995). She also performed in the number of theater productions, and co-starred in several films. Tucci became interested in acting while in High School in Rhode Island. She later attended Community College of Rhode Island and Boston Conservatory of Music, where she received a fine arts degree in theater. Afterwards, Tucci moved to New York to pursue a career in acting. In 2013, Tucci began appearing in a recurring role in the Netflix comedy-drama series, Orange Is the New Black. She plays the role of Anita DeMarco, an outspoken Jersey-Italian inmate.

This is a document about Yasunori Matsumoto
  Kam-yuen) ; The Pallbearer – Tom Thompson (David Schwimmer) ; Pegasus – Zhang Chi (Shen Teng) ; Pensacola: Wings of Gold – Lieutenant Wendell 'Cipher' McCray (Rodney Van Johnson) ; Point Break – FBI Agent Alvarez (Julian Reyes) ; Private Practice – Dr. Eric Rodriguez (Cristián de la Fuente) ; The Quick and the Dead – Fee "The Kid" Herod (Leonardo DiCaprio) ; REC – Sergio (Jorge-Yaman Serrano) ; The Returned – Jack Winship (Mark Pellegrino) ; A River Runs Through It – Paul Maclean (Brad Pitt) ; Sabrina – David Larrabee (Greg Kinnear) ; Scream 2 – Derek (Jerry O'Connell) ; seaQuest

This is a document about Lorna Morello
  On September 17, 2012, Nellie Andreeva from Deadline Hollywood reported that Australian actress Yael Stone had been cast as a Boston-Italian transport driver in Orange Is the New Black. The character was initially called Rosemarie Perrone. Stone auditioned for the show on August 19, 2012, the day after her wedding to actor Dan Spielman. She originally tried out for the role of Nicky Nichols, but actress Natasha Lyonne was cast instead. Stone was then brought back to try out for Morello. She auditioned with Morello's distinctive accent and she found out she had won the role two days later. Stone was initially contracted for one episode, but the producers kept bringing her back. Morello is based

This is a document about 1st Golden Globe Awards
  Katina Paxinou - For Whom the Bell Tolls as Pilar

This is a document about Bad Blood (TV series)
  himself in the character by watching film and listening to wiretap evidence, saying, "His voice was twice as gravelly as mine, sometimes hard to understand." Additional cast included, Brett Donahue, Maxim Roy, Tony Nappo, Frank Schorpion, Joris Jarsky, Michelle Mylett, Clauter Alexandre and Vincent Leclerc. In May 2018, after the series was renewed in March 2018, Rogers Media announced that Kim Coates was the only one to reprise his role alongside a new dynamic ensemble cast starring, Louis Ferreira as Domenic Cosoleto, Anna Hopkins as Teresa Langana, and Melanie Scrofano as Valentina Cosoleto. Additional cast included, Daniel Kash, Franco Lo Presti, Dylan Taylor, Lisa Berry, Gianni Falcone, Sharon Taylor and Ryan McDonald.

This is a document about Michael Raynor (actor)
  Chiklis), Mike Nichols’ Wolf (1994), and most recently The Advocate (2013) and For the Love of Money (2012). His television work includes the Tom Hanks/Imagine Entertainment/HBO produced Emmy Award-winning mini-series, From the Earth to the Moon (as Apollo 15 astronaut Al Worden), Bella Mafia (opposite Jennifer Tilly), and In The Line of Duty: Hunt for Justice (opposite Nicholas Turturro, Adam Arkin and Melissa Leo) as well as guest starring roles on Criminal Minds, Castle, Southland, Law & Order: LA, Cold Case, CSI, ER, Law & Order, Shark, NYPD Blue, Brooklyn South, Brimstone, Everybody Hates Chris, and My Own Worst Enemy.

This is a document about James Ciccone
  the US Dramatic competition. In 2017 Ciccone appeared in recurring roles on two major episodics: NBC's Shades of Blue, starring Jennifer Lopez and Ray Liotta, and HBO’s hit television drama The Deuce starring James Franco and Maggie Gyllenhaal. In 2018, his character (mob boss "Carmine Patriccia") continues to appear in season 2 on The Deuce. Also in 2018 Ciccone has made guest star appearances in Fox's primetime network hit, Gotham scene partnering with Robin Lord Taylor, NBC's Blacklist alongside James Spader, and a co-star appearance on ABC's Quantico where he is paired again with Jake McLaughlin. He was also cast in Martin Scorsese's The Irishman. Currently in production, Ciccone will appear opposite Joe Pesci and Robert De Niro in the anticipated 2019 release.

This is a document about Adrian Pimento (Brooklyn Nine-Nine episode)
  The precinct welcomes Detective Adrian Pimento (Jason Mantzoukas), a police officer that was undercover for 12 years working for high-ranking mobster Jimmy "The Butcher" Figgis. Due to the extreme measures he took to earn Figgis' respect, Pimento suffers from post-traumatic stress disorder. Jake (Andy Samberg) wants to work on a case with him, despite objections from Holt (Andre Braugher) and Terry (Terry Crews). Eventually, Adrian agrees to work with him in a robbery case. However, Adrian's behavior raises suspicions to Jake, who believes he may still be working with Figgis. Jake asks Rosa (Stephanie Beatriz) for help, while she has feelings for Adrian. However, Adrian is revealed to just retrieve his memorabilia and leaves the police, feeling

This is a document about Better to Reign in Hell...
  On June 20, 2016, Jamie Chung was cast as Valerie Vale, with the role being described as "a crackerjack reporter dead set on uncovering the truth behind Indian Hill. Confident and dogged, she will do anything to get the scoop, and soon sets her sights on Gordon, who she believes is the key lead in her story." The note also revealed that the character is the aunt of fellow comic book character Vicki Vale. 3 days later, James Carpinello was cast as Mario Falcone, son of Carmine Falcone, whose role was described as "Mario has rejected his family's criminal ways and made a legitimate life for himself as a well-respected, Ivy League-educated ER doctor. He's kind, honest and trustworthy, making him the black sheep of the Falcone clan." In August 2016, it was announced that the guest cast for the episode would include Jada Pinkett Smith as Fish Mooney, Richard Kind as Mayor Aubrey James, Clare Foley as Ivy Pepper, Tonya Pinkins as Ethel Peabody, James Carpinello as Mario Falcone, Leslie Hendrix as Kathryn, and Jamie Chung as Valerie Vale.

This is a document about The Tagger
  Jake Peralta (Andy Samberg) arrives late to work and is confronted by Raymond Holt (Andre Braugher) for his recent misbehavior and scolded for his lack of proper work. As punishment, Peralta is assigned to a graffiti case where a person draws penises on police cruisers, with Holt acting as his "babysitter." Gina Linetti (Chelsea Peretti) introduces her friend, Carlene (Artemis Pebdani), to the gang, who claims to be a psychic. Charles Boyle (Joe Lo Truglio) is told by Carlene that Rosa Diaz (Stephanie Beatriz) will never love him. Peralta and Holt set up a stakeout and pursue the tagger, managing to catch

This is a document about The Vulture (Brooklyn Nine-Nine)
  At the morning briefing, Jake Peralta (Andy Samberg) reports a man's murder and deduces that the victim's wife may be responsible. He decides to investigate the case alone and brushes off Amy Santiago (Melissa Fumero) and Rosa Diaz's (Stephanie Beatriz) offer to help them, instead working with Charles Boyle (Joe Lo Truglio). Meanwhile, Raymond Holt (Andre Braugher) asks Terry Jeffords (Terry Crews) for help with target shooting at a shooting range despite the fact that Terry hasn't recovered from the mannequin incident. He agrees but finds Gina Linetti (Chelsea Peretti) will be joining them. Jake and Boyle interrogate many people in the building where the murder took place but are called back

This is a document about Lori Petty
  Lori Petty (born October 14, 1963) is an American actress. She is noted for her roles as Tyler Endicott in the 1991 film Point Break, Kit Keller in A League of Their Own (1992), Rae Lindley in Free Willy  (1993), and the title role in Tank Girl in 1995. Petty joined the Netflix Original series Orange Is the New Black as Lolly Whitehill as a guest star in the second season, and a recurring character in the third, fourth and seventh seasons.

Brad William Henke played the role of Piscatella in "Orange Is the New Black."