Question: who plays amy fowler on big bang theory

Answer: Mayim Chaya Bialik

This is a document about Amy Farrah Fowler
  Dr. Amy Farrah Fowler is a fictional character in The Big Bang Theory, portrayed by Mayim Bialik. Amy is a neuroscientist and Sheldon's love interest in the series. She has a PhD in neurobiology (Bialik herself has a PhD in neuroscience), with a research focus on addiction in primates and invertebrates, occasionally mentioning such experiments as getting a capuchin monkey addicted to cigarettes or starfish addicted to cocaine. Amy, along with Sheldon, goes on to win the Nobel Prize for Physics.

This is a document about List of The Big Bang Theory and Young Sheldon characters
  the final season, Sheldon and Amy publish their work on super-asymmetric string theory and win the Nobel Prize in Physics together. In 2020, a year after The Big Bang Theory went off the air, it was revealed that Kate Micucci, who ultimately got the role of Lucy, had auditioned for the role of Amy Farrah Fowler. Amy makes two appearances in Young Sheldon. She makes an appearance as a child in the Season 2 finale where she is portrayed in a non-speaking role by Lily Sanfelippo. Bialik returns to play Amy in the narration of the season 4 premiere.

This is a document about The Big Bang Theory
  Gilbert returned to The Big Bang Theory for its 200th episode. ; Melissa Rauch as Bernadette Rostenkowski-Wolowitz (recurring season 3, starring seasons 4–12): A young woman who initially is a co-worker at The Cheesecake Factory with Penny to pay her way through graduate school, where she is studying microbiology. Bernadette is introduced to Howard by Penny; at first, they do not get along, apparently having nothing in common. They date and later get engaged and married. Although generally a sweet and good-natured person, Bernadette has a short fuse and can be vindictive and lash out when provoked. ; Mayim Bialik as Amy Farrah Fowler (guest star season

This is a document about Blossom (TV series)
  Jenna von Oÿ and Michael Stoyanov were also featured in an episode. ; In the episode "Filibuster" of season 6 of Parks and Recreation, Ann Perkins is dressed as Blossom for Ben's '90s themed birthday party. ; In episode 13 of the first season of The Big Bang Theory, when Leonard and Raj are trying to find a fourth team member for a physics competition, Raj refers to Mayim Bialik as "the girl who played TV's Blossom. She got a PhD in neuroscience or something". Bialik later joined the show playing Amy Farrah Fowler. There is also a reference in

This is a document about List of The Big Bang Theory and Young Sheldon characters
  Amy Farrah Fowler, PhD (Mayim Bialik PhD) is a neuroscientist and Sheldon's love interest in the series. She has a PhD in neurobiology (Bialik herself has a PhD in neuroscience), with a research focus on addiction in primates and invertebrates, occasionally mentioning such experiments as getting a capuchin monkey addicted to cigarettes or starfish addicted to cocaine. Raj and Howard find Amy through an online dating site after secretly establishing an account using Sheldon's name and information. The site matches her to Sheldon, and the two share many similar traits. Once she and Sheldon meet, she becomes, as Sheldon puts

This is a document about Amanda Conner
  the Birds of Prey and Suicide Squad feature movies. Conner's art was featured in "The Perspiration Implementation", the October 19, 2015, episode of the American sitcom The Big Bang Theory. In the episode, comic book store owner Stuart Bloom asks the women for ideas on how to attract more women to his shop, and Amy Farrah Fowler (Mayim Bialik) points out that an illustration hanging on one of the shop's walls, "Girl on a Leash", may not be conducive to attracting female customers. The image, which was illustrated by Conner and colored by Paul Mounts, depicts a scantily-clad woman being

This is a document about Young Sheldon
  group. ; Nolan Bateman as Keith, a member of Sheldon's project group. ; Louie Anderson as Ralph, the owner of a trophy shop where Mary wants to buy one for Missy. ; Ryan Stiles as Dr. Bowers, Sheldon's dentist. ; Cyndi Lauper as herself, Missy's poster. ; Mayim Bialik as Amy Farrah Fowler, Sheldon's wife and the mother of his son, Leonard Cooper. This role is reprised from The Big Bang Theory. She appears as part of the narration. ; Melanie Lynskey as Professor Dora Ericson, Sheldon's college philosophy professor ; Wendie Malick as President Linda Hagemeyer, the president of Sheldon's university. ;

This is a document about Sheldon Cooper
  for the first ten seasons of The Big Bang Theory shares an apartment with his colleague and best friend, Leonard Hofstadter (Johnny Galecki); they are also friends and coworkers with Howard Wolowitz (Simon Helberg) and Raj Koothrappali (Kunal Nayyar). In season 10, Sheldon moves across the hall with his girlfriend Amy Farrah Fowler (Mayim Bialik), in the former apartment of Leonard's wife Penny (Kaley Cuoco). He has a genius-level IQ of 187 (in The Big Bang Theory it is said that his and Leonard's IQs add up to 360, and Leonard says his IQ is 173, and in Young Sheldon his mother says that he has the same IQ as Albert Einstein

This is a document about Paul Mounts
  Mounts often colors the artwork of collaborator Amanda Conner, who feels that Mounts is a compatible colorist for her work, as he achieves "the right amount of bounciness or moodiness, depending on what's needed." Mounts' art was featured in "The Perspiration Implementation", the October 19, 2015 episode of the American sitcom The Big Bang Theory. In the episode, comic book store owner Stuart Bloom asks the women for ideas on how to attract more women to his shop, and Amy Farrah Fowler (Mayim Bialik) points out that an illustration hanging on one of the shop's walls, "Girl on a Leash", may not be conducive to attracting female customers. The image, which was illustrated by Amanda Conner and colored by Mounts, depicts a scantily clad woman being held on a chain leash by a muscular whip-wielding masked man.

This is a document about Mayim Bialik
  Mayim Chaya Bialik (born December 12, 1975) is an American actress, game show host, and author. From 1991 to 1995, she played the title character of the NBC sitcom Blossom. From 2010 to 2019, she played neuroscientist Amy Farrah Fowler on the CBS sitcom The Big Bang Theory, for which she was nominated four times for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series and won the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series in 2015 and 2017. In August 2021, it was announced that Bialik will host the primetime version of Jeopardy!. After Mike Richards stepped down from hosting the syndicated version of the show later that month, Bialik started concurrently hosting that version as well (sharing duties with Ken Jennings).

This is a document about Amy
  American sitcom The Big Bang Theory ; Amy Fleming Borden, the main character in the TV series Heartland ; Amy Gardner, lobbyist and the First Lady's Chief of Staff in The West Wing ; Amy Gillis, a character in American TV series Clarence ; Amy Green, Rachel Green's younger sister in the TV series Friends ; Amy Grimes, a character in the film Cyberbully ; Patricia "Fat Amy" Hobart, a character from the Pitch Perfect film series ; Amy Juergens, the main character in the teen show The Secret Life of the American Teenager ; Amy Limietta, from the Magical Girl Lyrical Nanoha series ; Amy MacDougall, Robert Barone's girlfriend on

This is a document about The Big Bang Theory
  and Sheldon's similarly geeky and socially awkward friends and co-workers, aerospace engineer Howard Wolowitz (Simon Helberg) and astrophysicist Raj Koothrappali (Kunal Nayyar). Over time, supporting characters were promoted to starring roles, including neuroscientist Amy Farrah Fowler (Mayim Bialik), microbiologist Bernadette Rostenkowski (Melissa Rauch), and comic book store owner Stuart Bloom (Kevin Sussman). The show was filmed in front of a live audience and produced by Warner Bros. Television and Chuck Lorre Productions. It received mixed reviews throughout its first season, but reception was more favorable in the second and third seasons. Despite early mixed reviews, seven seasons were ranked

This is a document about The Big Bang Theory (season 4)
  The fourth season received particular praise for character developments. Alan Sepinwall of Uproxx praised the additions of Bernadette and Amy to the cast, writing that "With Amy Farrah Fowler and Bernadette promoted to semi-permanent status, the show is now able to spend large chunks of each episode focusing only on the women, and in the process has made Penny a much more well-rounded character rather than just a foil for the nerds". Emily VanDerWerff of The A.V. Club wrote that "Jim Parsons and Kaley Cuoco's interplay remains the show's secret weapon", and Eric Hochberger of TV Fanatic wrote: "Really though, everything about the main story worked amazing. Mayim fits in perfectly in The Big Bang Theory cast and played off of Kaley Cuoco just as well as Emmy Award-winning Parsons".

This is a document about The Big Bang Theory (season 3)
  The third season of the American sitcom The Big Bang Theory was originally aired on CBS from September 21, 2009, to May 24, 2010, with 23 episodes. It received higher ratings than the previous two seasons with over 15 million viewers. The third season saw the first appearances of future main cast members Melissa Rauch as Bernadette Rostenkowski in "The Creepy Candy Coating Corollary" and Mayim Bialik as Dr. Amy Farrah Fowler in the season finale "The Lunar Excitation". Christine Baranski was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series at the 62nd Primetime Emmy Awards for the episode, "The Maternal Congruence". Jim Parsons won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series for the episode "The Pants Alternative".

This is a document about Little Women (1994 film)
  playing first a child and then an adult: "It just didn't work." Among those to read for the role of Amy were the then unknown Natalie Portman, and Thora Birch who had already filmed Hocus Pocus and Patriot Games. In the end, Kirsten Dunst was chosen - Armstrong mentioned in a 2019 interview that "Kirsten Dunst really blew [other young Amy candidates] out of the water". The decision for the role of the older Amy was close between Reese Witherspoon and Samantha Mathis. Armstrong's first pick if the production had decided on casting one actress to play Amy was Witherspoon, "... the very best person we

This is a document about Blossom (TV series)
  of Bob's Burgers, in episode 13 (Mazel Tina), Tammy has a video introduction to her Bat Mitzvah that is a spoof of the intro to Blossom. ; In "A Race of Superhumans and a Letter to Alf", season 2 episode 11 of Young Sheldon, Missy Cooper mentions Joey Lawrence and Blossom when she is trying to pick a boyfriend for her Cabbage Patch doll. Ironically, Missy's brother Sheldon goes on to marry Amy Farrah Fowler (played by Bialik) in The Big Bang Theory. By a curious coincidence, Alf was also a guest star on the Blossom episode "The Geek".

This is a document about The Platonic Permutation
  With Sheldon Cooper (Jim Parsons) and Amy Farrah Fowler (Mayim Bialik) still broken up and all of his friends busy for Thanksgiving, Sheldon tries to give Amy tickets he bought them to Thanksgiving dinner at the aquarium, but Amy suggests they can still go as friends. Despite initial awkwardness, Amy honestly answers Sheldon's questions about her dating life, and each wants the other to be happy, falling back into their old friendship. Later, Amy tells Sheldon she is ready to be his girlfriend again. Sheldon declines, since getting over her was too difficult, but wishes to remain friends. Amy hides her hurt feelings. Bernadette Rostenkowski (Melissa Rauch), Raj Koothrappali (Kunal Nayyar) and Emily Sweeney (Laura Spencer) drag Howard Wolowitz (Simon Helberg) to a soup kitchen to volunteer for

This is a document about The Big Bang Theory (season 4)
  The fourth season of the American sitcom The Big Bang Theory, began airing on CBS on September 23, 2010. Melissa Rauch and Mayim Bialik auditioned and were upgraded in the cast during the fourth season as Dr. Bernadette Rostenkowski and Dr. Amy Farrah Fowler, respectively. Johnny Galecki received a nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series at the 63rd Primetime Emmy Awards for the episode, "The Benefactor Factor". Jim Parsons won the award for the episode "The Agreement Dissection".

This is a document about Amy Pond
  her natural Scottish accent and an English one, and it was not until after she was cast that it was decided Amy would be Scottish. Gillan commented that she felt the Scottish accent better suited the character. A younger version of Amy, known as "Amelia", appears in several episodes. Amelia was played by Gillan's real-life 10-year-old cousin Caitlin Blackwood. Though the two actresses had not met until the set of the show, Gillan recommended Blackwood for the role; Blackwood, however, still had to undergo rigorous auditions first. Blackwood and Gillan did get to act together in "The Big Bang", which Gillan initially found "weird", though the two actresses became used to it quickly.

This is a document about Ryōko Shintani
 The Big Bang Theory, Penny (Kaley Cuoco) ; Greta, Erica Penn (Maika Monroe)

Mayim Bialik plays Amy Fowler on The Big Bang Theory.


Question: who plays the groom in the music video i write sins not tragedies

Answer: Daniel Isaac McGuffey

This is a document about I Write Sins Not Tragedies
   "I Write Sins Not Tragedies" is Panic! at the Disco's first single to have a music video, and the video was published on July 18, 2006. ("The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage" was the first single, but no video was filmed.) The video for the song takes place at a strange, circus-themed wedding played by the Lucent Dossier Vaudeville Cirque. The video starts as the bride, played by Jessie Preston, and groom, Daniel Isaac McGuffey, are about to be married. Her family dress and behave formally, but they are revealed later to have fallen asleep and have eyes painted

This is a document about I Write Sins Not Tragedies
  "I Write Sins Not Tragedies" is a song by American rock band Panic! at the Disco, is the second single from their debut studio album, A Fever You Can't Sweat Out (2005), and was released in the United States as a digital download on January 16, 2006. The pizzicato cello motif that the song is built upon was played by session musician Heather Stebbins. The song reached No. 7 on the US Billboard Hot 100, the band's only top-40 hit until the release of "Hallelujah" in 2015, and only top-ten hit until "High Hopes" in 2018. While the song failed to hit the top 10

This is a document about The Ballad of Mona Lisa
  for the video, shot in Newhall, California in January 2011, nods to Panic! at the Disco's past were present, from a clock on the wall (the main one set to nine o'clock, in honor of their "Nine in the Afternoon" video) to the dusty top hat resting on a church pew and the closing of the church's door (recalling "I Write Sins Not Tragedies"). Urie plays two separate characters, one "inspired by Sweeney Todd and very Johnny Depp," which Urie insists "was all [Shane Drake]'s direction." The ranch at which the video was shot was once the set for the HBO series Deadwood.

This is a document about I Write Sins Not Tragedies
  version. The lyrics "The poor groom's bride is a whore" and "Haven't you people ever heard of closing a goddamn door?" were changed by replacing "whore" with a "shhh" sound and removing "god" in "goddamn". Some stations – generally modern rock stations – still play the original version. The song was covered by Fall Out Boy, fellow Decaydance band, for their live album, ****: Live in Phoenix. (Fall Out Boy commonly uses the song's chorus as a lead-in to "This Ain't a Scene, It's an Arms Race" in concert.) "I Write Sins Not Tragedies" was ranked No. 3 in Billboards Best 2000s Video poll.

This is a document about Mark Ballas
  and finished in third place. For season 12, Ballas was partnered with Disney Channel star Chelsea Kane. They made it to the finals where they finished in third place. For his choreography with Kane, specifically the Jive ("I Write Sins Not Tragedies"), Viennese Waltz ("Hedwig's Theme") and Waltz ("My Love") dances, Ballas was nominated for that year's Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Choreography. For season 13, Ballas was partnered with reality star Kristin Cavallari where they were the 3rd couple eliminated finishing in 10th place. In spite of this, they retained a higher average than a few couples that easily outlasted them, including Nancy Grace & Tristan MacManus, the

This is a document about Live in Phoenix
  Beyond the band's own hits ("Sugar, We're Goin Down", "Thnks fr th Mmrs", "This Ain't a Scene, It's an Arms Race"), a wide array of covers are included, such as Akon's "Don't Matter", Timbaland's "One and Only" and fellow labelmate Panic! at the Disco's "I Write Sins Not Tragedies". "Before watching ourselves on film we never really realized how much we swear", bassist Pete Wentz wrote on the band's blog, by way of explaining the strange title for the release. "It's pretty gross ... though it's edited as to not hurt your little munchkin ears. And as for how to say the name, well any little four letter word will work." The two-disc package debuted at number 1 on the Billboard's Music Video Sales chart. The CD was certified Platinum in the US by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on December 8, 2008 for 1,000,000 shipments.

This is a document about MTV Video Music Awards
  his singles "My Love" and "SexyBack". The awards were distributed evenly widespread all genres, as hip-hop, pop and rock artists alike all won Moonmen. 2006 was also the first time that viewers voted for all the performer's categories (Video of the Year, Best Male Video, Best Group Video, among others, except professional categories). When Panic! at the Disco won Video of the Year for "I Write Sins Not Tragedies", a man calling himself Sixx jumped onstage claiming that MTV had denied him his own TV show. Hosted by Jack Black, there were also performances by Shakira with Wyclef Jean, Beyoncé, Christina Aguilera

This is a document about The Ballad of Mona Lisa
  The video of "The Ballad of Mona Lisa" was directed by Shane Drake (who previously directed the video for the band's breakthrough hit "I Write Sins Not Tragedies") and produced by Brandon Bonfiligo. The video was released on February 8, 2011, on MTV's website shortly after midnight. In a review of the video, MTV News' James Montgomery remarked, "In a lot of ways, "Mona Lisa" is as much about saying goodbye to the band's past as it is about embracing its future ... which sort of makes sense, and not just because the video takes place at a wake." The steampunk-themed video bears many

This is a document about P. Diddy's Starmaker
 Todd Sarvies - "I Write Sins Not Tragedies" by Panic! at the Disco ; Lauriana Mae - "Mercy" by Duffy ; David Bennett - "I Don't Want to Be" by Gavin DeGraw ; Angel Inez - "Love" by Keyshia Cole ; Jordan Battiste - "Forever" by Chris Brown ; Marissa Shipp - "Bleeding Love" by Leona Lewis ; Christopher John - "Your Body Is a Wonderland" by John Mayer ; Zach Berkman - "Clocks" by Coldplay ; Lauren Thomas - "Don't Cha" by The Pussycat Dolls ; David Joseph - "Viva la Vida" by Coldplay ; Monet Monico - "Complicated" by Avril Lavigne ; Melody Angel - "So What" by Pink ; Omotayo Riley - "Buy U a Drank (Shawty Snappin')" by T-Pain ; Liz Davis - "Gunpowder & Lead" by Miranda Lambert

This is a document about Such Good People
  Producers David Avallone, David Michael Barrett and Stewart Wade cast the movie with actors well known to LGBT audiences. Michael Urie, who plays “Richard,” was one of the stars of Ugly Betty. Several cast members of Such Good People appeared on Ugly Betty, including Ana Ortiz (also from Devious Maids), comedian Alec Mapa (who also appeared in Stewart Wade's film Tru Loved), and Broadway star Kate Reinders. Randy Harrison, who plays “Alex,” is best known for starring in the Showtime series, Queer as Folk. Other cast members well known to LGBT audiences are Lance Bass, (former member of NSYNC), Mitch Silpa, (Bridesmaids), Tom Lenk

This is a document about A Fever You Can't Sweat Out
  synths and roboto drums, which redeems the album's whininess." Kerrang! was positive, awarding the record four out of five stars. Rolling Stone also gave a positive review, with three and a half stars out of five. Webzines like Gigwise and Sputnikmusic also gave positive reviews. The hit single, "I Write Sins Not Tragedies", received massive airplay and Panic! at the Disco won "Video of the Year" on the annual MTV Video Music Awards in 2006, beating fellow nominees Madonna, Christina Aguilera, Shakira and Red Hot Chili Peppers. In September 2011, "I Write Sins Not Tragedies" won MTV's Best Music Video of the 2000s as well as Best Music Video of All Time based on online voting.

This is a document about I Love the New Millennium
  three wedding bikinis Hotties I Wanted To See in a Thong 2006: Hayden Panettiere (Heroes), Nelly Furtado ("Promiscuous") and Jenna Fischer (The Office) How Gay Was It 2006: Will & Grace airs its final episode after eight seasons on NBC. (Gaydar – 8.5) Video Blog of 2006: Jenna Von Oy on Grey's Anatomy Then and Now 2006: Sylvester Stallone (Now: 2006 – Rocky Balboa / Then: 1980s – Rocky III and Rocky IV) and William Shatner (Now: 2006 – Priceline.com / Then: 1980s – T.J. Hooker) Playlist of 2006: "It Ends Tonight" by The All-American Rejects", "Wait a Minute" by The Pussycat Dolls and "I Write Sins Not Tragedies" by Panic! at the Disco Liar of 2006: James Frey

This is a document about Panic! at the Disco
  video for "I Write Sins Not Tragedies" won Video of the Year at the 2006 MTV Video Music Awards. "Some aspects of the fame are annoying, but at the end of the day it's something we're most grateful for. It's certainly opened the door to a whole new batch of opportunities," Ross said of the band's newfound fame and instant success. On May 17, 2006, Panic! at the Disco announced that original bassist Brent Wilson had left the band, "posting a statement that was both diplomatic and entirely inscrutable […] yet [failing] to mention any reason why Wilson is leaving

This is a document about Chapel of the Flowers
  Chapel of the Flowers is known for being the wedding location for Dennis Rodman and Carmen Electra, as well as the setting for the reality TV show "Happily Ever Faster" on TLC (TV channel). Ronnie Vannucci, the drummer for The Killers, worked as a photographer at the chapel while the band was recording their first album, "Hot Fuss". Additionally, Chapel of the Flowers has also served as the location on several celebrity occasions, including for the music videos "Last Name" by Carrie Underwood filmed in the Victorian Chapel and "Why Wait" by Rascal Flatts starring David Arquette as the groom and comedian Ron White as the minister. Vegas Golden Knights hockey player, Ryan Reaves, performed a vow renewal ceremony for one lucky couple who entered the "Get Married by Reaves" contest by Chapel of the Flowers. Mogul Richard Branson also orchestrated a publicity stunt where he served as Best Man for a UK couple, with the wedding taking place at Chapel of the Flowers.

This is a document about Nine in the Afternoon
  filmed in a "desert wasteland", but in the writing process, the director made a typing error and spelled out "dessert wasteland". The group decided to adapt that idea. The dessert wasteland shows the band in animal masks. The band members also wear black, red and other colored turtleneck sweaters. The turtlenecks covered up the mask necks and made it seem the band actually had animal heads. The video was directed by Shane Drake, who worked on "I Write Sins Not Tragedies" and "But It's Better If You Do". Many elements of the video relate it to The Beatles. Already mentioned is the Sgt. Pepper attire. The members of the band also each wake up in

This is a document about Rayvon Owen
  On February 14, 2016, Owen premiered a music video for his song "Can't Fight It", at the end of which he kisses a man. That same day, Owen's interview with Billboard was published in which he came out as gay. One day later Shane Bitney Crone, who is featured as the romantic lead in the music video, announced that he and Owen are a couple. On March 3, 2018, they announced they would be getting married, after Crone proposed to Owen on stage at a Demi Lovato concert.

This is a document about Shane Drake
  In 2006 Drake was awarded the MTV Video Music Award for Video of the Year for Panic! at the Disco's "I Write Sins Not Tragedies". In 2007 Drake was nominated for the MTV Monster Single of the Year for his video for Timbaland's "The Way I Are". In 2008, he was nominated for MTV Video Music Award for Best Direction and MTV Video Music Award for Best Pop Video with Panic! at the Disco's "Nine in the Afternoon" and MTV Video Music Award for Best Rock Video with Paramore's "Crushcrushcrush" and also Fall Out Boy's cover of "Beat It". In 2009 Drake was nominated for the MTV Video Music Award for Best Rock Video for his video for Paramore's "Decode" from the Twilight film soundtrack album. In 2012, he was nominated for MTV Video Music Award for Best Video with a Message for Kelly Clarkson's "Dark Side". "Highway Don't Care" won Drake, Tim McGraw, Taylor Swift and Keith Urban the Country Music Association Award for Video of the Year.

This is a document about Lucent Dossier Experience
  Lucent Dossier Experience lent their style and performers for the creation of music video “I Write Sins, Not Tragedies” with band Panic! at the Disco; the video won Best Music Video of the Year at the 2006 MTV Music Awards. They also collaborated on a video, written and directed by Dream Rockwell, for "Fast Paced World" by Grammy-nominated Winnipeg band The Duhks. The troupe has toured nationally and internationally with Panic! at the Disco,  The Dresden Dolls, OK Go, Emilie Autumn, and Mötley Crüe with Aerosmith. They have also shared the stage and/or billing with The Black Eyed Peas, Beats Antique, KT Tunstall, Thirty Seconds to Mars, Bassnectar, Michael Franti and Spearhead, Kraftwerk, The Jonas Brothers, Flaming Lips, Cyndi Lauper, Stanton Warriors, Devendra Banhart, Rabbit in the Moon, Madness and David Guetta. On

This is a document about Darren Criss
  Darren Everett Criss (born February 5, 1987) is an American actor, singer, and songwriter. He rose to fame starring on the television series Glee (2010–2015) and received Emmy and Golden Globe acting awards for his leading role as spree killer Andrew Cunanan in The Assassination of Gianni Versace: American Crime Story (2018). He has also appeared on Broadway and in film and has released several recordings as a soloist and in a band. A founding member and co-owner of StarKid Productions, a musical theater company based in Chicago, Criss first garnered attention playing the lead role of Harry Potter in, and writing most of the music and lyrics for, StarKid's musical production of A

This is a document about Mine (Taylor Swift song)
  also made an appearance in the music video. The music video was shot in Kennebunkport, Maine, where several scenes took place in Ram Island Farm, Cape Elizabeth, and Christ Church on Dane Street. Christ Church served as the venue for the wedding scene. The video features Swift marrying a groom played by British actor Toby Hemingway, who was cast by Swift after watching Feast of Love. She was impressed with Hemingway and thought "it would be perfect to put him in the video." The video premiered on August 27, 2010, on CMT, in a live half-hour special event which included a behind-the-scenes look of the video. Swift returned to Kennebunkport, Maine to share the premiere with local residents, which attracted approximately 800 people, including former President George H. W. Bush, who brought his grandchildren to see Swift.

Daniel Isaac McGuffey plays the groom in the music video for "I Write Sins Not Tragedies" by Panic! at the Disco.


Question: what is meant by the budget of a country

Answer: an annual financial statement

This is a document about Government budget
  A government budget is a document prepared by the government and/or other political entity presenting its anticipated tax revenues (Inheritance tax, income tax, corporation tax, import taxes) and proposed spending/expenditure (Healthcare, Education, Defence, Roads, State Benefit) for the coming financial year. In most parliamentary systems, the budget is presented to the legislature and often requires approval of the legislature. Through this budget, the government implements economic policy and realizes its program priorities. Once the budget is approved, the use of funds from individual chapters is in the hands of government, ministries and other institutions. Revenues of the state budget consist mainly of taxes, customs duties, fees and other revenues. State budget expenditures cover the activities of the state, which are either given by law or the constitution. The budget in itself does not appropriate funds for government programs, hence need for additional legislative measures.

This is a document about 2021 National budget of Bangladesh
  The National Budget is the annual financial statement of Bangladesh; an estimate of income and expenditure of the government on a periodical basis. Under Article 87.(1) of the Constitution of Bangladesh, it is a compulsory task of the government. Upon achieving independence, the first budget of Bangladesh was presented by Tajuddin Ahmad.

This is a document about Budget
  A budget is a financial plan for a defined period, often one year. It may also include planned sales volumes and revenues, resource quantities, costs and expenses, assets, liabilities and cash flows. Companies, governments, families, and other organizations use it to express strategic plans of activities or events in measurable terms. A budget is the sum of finances allocated for a particular purpose and the summary of intended expenditures along with proposals for how to meet them. It may include a budget surplus, providing money for use at a future time, or a deficit in which expenses exceed income.

This is a document about Budget
  The budget of a government is a summary or plan of the intended revenues and expenditures of that government. There are three types of government budget = the operating or current budget, the capital or investment budget, and the cash or cash flow budget.

This is a document about 2021 Union budget of India
  The Union Budget is the annual financial report of India; an estimate of income and expenditure of the government on a periodical basis. As per Article 112 of the Indian Constitution, presenting a budget is a compulsory task of the government.

This is a document about Government budget balance
  "Budget deficits" redirects here; not to be confused with Government debt. A government budget is a financial statement presenting the government's proposed revenues and spending for a financial year. The government budget balance, also alternatively referred to as general government balance, public budget balance, or public fiscal balance, is the overall difference between government revenues and spending. A positive balance is called a government budget surplus, and a negative balance is a government budget deficit. A budget is prepared for each level of government (from national to local) and takes into account public social security obligations. The government budget balance can be broken down into the primary balance and interest

This is a document about New Zealand Budget
  The New Zealand Budget is an annual statement by the New Zealand Government that outlines of the nation's revenues and expenditures for the preceding fiscal year and expectations for the next one. It is prepared by the New Zealand Treasury for the Minister of Finance. The Budget is usually presented to the House of Representatives in May.

This is a document about Budget Day
  Budget Day is the day that a government presents its budget to a legislature for approval, in a ceremonial fashion. It only exists in some countries of the world.

This is a document about Federal budget (economics)
  In economics, a federal budget is the major plan for a federal government's estimated future revenues and spending for the coming fiscal year. The federal budget is representation of the financial plan for the goals and activities of the government which in turn reflects the debates surrounding the various economical principles and ideas. It is the main means of the redistribution of the national income and gross domestic product to meet the needs necessary in order for economic growth. Primarily, the government spends a significant amount of their financial resources in the areas of healthcare, the old and young and social security programs.

This is a document about Budget Day
  The Union Budget of India, referred to as the Annual Financial Statement in Article 112 of the Constitution of India, is the annual budget of the Republic of India, presented each year on the very first day of February by the Finance Minister of India in Parliament. The budget, which is presented by means of the Finance Bill and the Appropriation bill has to be passed by the House before it can come into effect on 1 April, the start of India's financial year.

This is a document about 2020 Union budget of India
  The Union Budget is the annual financial report of India; an estimate of income and expenditure of the government on a periodical basis. As per Article 112 of the Indian Constitution, it is a compulsory task of the government. The first budget of India was presented on 18 February 1860 by Scotsman James Wilson. The first Union Budget of Independent India was presented by RK Shanmukham Chetty on 26 November 1947.

This is a document about Federal budget of Germany
  The primary purpose of the budget is to create an overview of the country's revenues and expenses for the following fiscal year or years. Since the budget is based on past expenditures, it is merely a prediction of the future which can lead to unexpected budget deficits as the fiscal year progresses. In the short term, such deficits are commonly financed by borrowing money which has led to the significant long-term debt of the German federal government.

This is a document about Budget Memorandum (Netherlands)
  The Budget Memorandum (Dutch: Miljoenennota, literally "Millions Bill") is a general explanation by the Government of the Netherlands of the expected revenues and expenses in the National Budget for a year. After the king has given the Speech from the throne on Prinsjesdag (every third Tuesday in September), the Finance Minister offers the suitcase with the National Budget and the Budget Memorandum to the president of the House of Representatives.

This is a document about Military budget
  A military budget (or military expenditure), also known as a defense budget, is the amount of financial resources dedicated by a state to raising and maintaining an armed forces or other methods essential for defense purposes.

This is a document about Australian federal budget
  An Australian federal budget is a document that sets out the estimated revenues and expenditures of the Australian Treasury in the following financial year, proposed conduct of Australian government operations in that period, and its fiscal policy for the forward years. Budgets are called by the year in which they are presented to Parliament and relate to a financial year that commences on the following 1 July and ends on 30 June of the following year, so that the budget brought down in May  relates to the / financial year (1 July  – 30 June, FY). Revenue estimates detailed in the budget are raised through the Australian taxation system, with government spending (including transfers to the states) representing a sizeable proportion of the overall economy. Besides presenting the

This is a document about Budget
  The word budget comes from the Old French word bougette meaning "small leather purse", which in turn is a diminutive of the Gaulish bouge for "leather pouch, purse". Its first use in our contemporary understanding of a financial plan comes from the pamphlet The Budget Opened by William Pulteney, which uses the term budget to describe and critique the governments' fiscal policy on wine and tobacco. The common usage of the word "budget" refers to a financial plan by an individual or an organization based on their projected income and expenses. By extension, it also is used in the sense of the amount that individual or organization has available to spend.

This is a document about Government of Spain
  The General State Budget is considered one of the most important legislations that a Government can pass. According to the Constitution, the Government is the only body that can make the Budget bill, although is the parliament who must to accept it, reject it or to propose modifications. If the Congress approves a full budget amend, the budget is automatically rejected.

This is a document about Budget of the United Kingdom
  The Budget of Her Majesty's Government is an annual budget set by HM Treasury for the following financial year, with the revenues to be gathered by HM Revenue and Customs and the expenditures of the public sector, in compliance with government policy. The budget is one of two statements given by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, with the Spring Statement being given the following year. Budgets are usually set once every year and are announced in the House of Commons by the Chancellor of the Exchequer. The 2017 budget took place on Wednesday 22 November 2017, and the Chancellor presented the 2018 budget on Monday 29 October 2018. Since autumn 2017 the United Kingdom budget typically takes place in the Autumn in order to allow major tax changes to occur annually, well before the start of the fiscal year. The most recent budget was presented by Rishi Sunak on Wednesday 3 March 2021.

This is a document about Public budgeting
  Public budgeting is a field of public administration and a discipline in the academic study thereof. Budgeting is characterized by its approaches, functions, formation, and type. Authors Robert W. Smith and Thomas D. Lynch describe public budgeting through four perspectives. The politician sees the budget process as "a political event conducted in the political arena for political advantage". The economist views budgeting as a matter of allocating resources in terms of opportunity cost where allocating resources to one consumer takes resources away from another consumer. The role of the economist, therefore, is to provide decision makers with the best possible information. The accountant perspective focuses on the accountability value in budgeting which analyzes the amount budgeted to the actual expenditures thereby describing the "wisdom of the original policy". Smith and Lynch's public manager's perspective on a budget is a policy tool to describe the implementation of public policy. Further, they develop an operational definition: A "budget" is a plan for the accomplishment of programs related to objectives and goals within a definite time period, including an estimate of resources required, together with an estimate of resources available, usually compared with one or more past periods and showing future requirements.

This is a document about Programme budgeting
  Programme budgeting, developed by U.S. president Lyndon Johnson, is the budgeting system that, contrary to conventional budgeting, describes and gives the detailed costs of every activity or program that is to be carried out with a given budget. For example, Expected results in a proposed program are described fully, along with its necessary resource, raw materials, equipment, and staff costs. The sum of all activities or program constitute the Program Budget. Thus, when looking at a Program Budget, one can easily find out what precisely will be carried out, at what cost and with what expected results in considerable detail.

A budget of a country is a financial plan presented by the government to the legislature for approval, outlining anticipated tax revenues and proposed expenditures for the upcoming fiscal year. It is a statement of the government's financial position and plans for revenue and expenditure. Once approved, the government implements the budget through appropriate laws and regulations.


Question: when was the first laptop invented and by whom

Answer: July 1980

This is a document about List of Japanese inventions and discoveries
  Yamazaki invented an integrated circuit made entirely from glass and with an 8-bit central processing unit. JFET (junction gate field-effect transistor) ; The first type of JFET was the static induction transistor (SIT), invented by Japanese engineers Jun-ichi Nishizawa and Y. Watanabe in 1950. The SIT is a type of JFET with a short channel length. Laptop ; Despite that Adam Osborne announced the "first laptop/notebook" called Osborne 1 but it is now called a luggable portable computer along with other protable computers such as IBM 5100. Yukio Yokozawa, an employee for Suwa Seikosha, a branch of Seiko (now Seiko Epson), invented the first laptop/notebook computer in July

This is a document about List of British innovations and discoveries
  MIT. The British government declassified the 1973 invention in 1997. 1976 ; M. Stanley Whittingham develops the first Lithium-ion battery, while working as a researcher for ExxonMobil. 1977 ; Steptoe and Edwards successfully carried out a pioneering conception which resulted in the birth of the world's first baby to be conceived by IVF, Louise Brown on 25 July 1978, in Oldham General Hospital, Greater Manchester, UK. 1979 ; The tree shelter is invented by Graham Tuley to protect tree seedlings. ; One of the first laptop computers, the GRiD Compass, is designed by Bill Moggridge. 1984 ; DNA profiling is discovered by Sir Alec Jeffreys at

This is a document about Hewlett-Packard
  the world's first device to be called a personal computer: the Hewlett-Packard 9100A, introduced in 1968. HP called it a desktop calculator because, as Hewlett said: "If we had called it a computer, it would have been rejected by our customers' computer gurus because it didn't look like an IBM. We therefore decided to call it a calculator, and all such nonsense disappeared." An engineering triumph at the time, the logic circuit was produced without any integrated circuits, and the CPU assembly was entirely executed in discrete components. With CRT display, magnetic-card storage, and printer, the price was around $5,000. The machine's keyboard was a cross between that of a scientific calculator and an adding machine. There was no alphabetic keyboard. Apple co-founder Steve

This is a document about Apple Inc.
   Apple Computer Company was founded on April 1, 1976, by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne as a business partnership. The company's first product is the Apple I, a computer designed and hand-built entirely by Wozniak. To finance its creation, Jobs sold his only motorized means of transportation, a VW Microbus, for a few hundred dollars, and Wozniak sold his HP-65 calculator for US$500 1976. Wozniak debuted the first prototype at the Homebrew Computer Club in July 1976. The Apple I was sold as a motherboard with CPU, RAM, and basic textual-video chips—a base kit concept which would not yet be marketed as a complete personal computer. It went on sale soon

This is a document about List of English inventions and discoveries
  Davies (1924–2000) and Polish-born Paul Baran; it was Davies who coined the term packet switching at the National Physical Laboratory in London. ; 1972: The Sinclair Executive, the world's first small electronic pocket calculator, produced by Sir Clive Sinclair (born 1940). ; 1979: The first laptop computer, the GRiD Compass, designed by Bill Moggridge (1943–2012). ; 1979: Digital audio player (MP3 Player) invented by Kane Kramer (born 1956). His first investor was Sir Paul McCartney. ; 1980–1982: Home computers the Sinclair ZX80, ZX81 and ZX Spectrum produced by Sir Clive Sinclair (born 1940). ; 1981: The Osborne 1 – the

This is a document about University of Cambridge
  the world's first computing system as early as the mid-1800s. Alan Turing went on to devise what is essentially the basis for modern computing and Maurice Wilkes later created the first programmable computer. The webcam was also invented at Cambridge University, showing the Trojan Room coffee pot in the Computer Laboratories. In physics, Ernest Rutherford who is regarded as the father of nuclear physics, spent much of his life at the university where he worked closely with E. J. Williams and Niels Bohr, a major contributor to the understanding of the atom, J. J. Thomson, discoverer of the electron, Sir James

This is a document about Laptop
   As the personal computer (PC) became feasible in 1971, the idea of a portable personal computer soon followed. A "personal, portable information manipulator" was imagined by Alan Kay at Xerox PARC in 1968, and described in his 1972 paper as the "Dynabook". The IBM Special Computer APL Machine Portable (SCAMP) was demonstrated in 1973. This prototype was based on the IBM PALM processor. The IBM 5100, the first commercially available portable computer, appeared in September 1975, and was based on the SCAMP prototype. As 8-bit CPU machines became widely accepted, the number of portables increased rapidly. The first "laptop-sized notebook

This is a document about Grid Systems Corporation
 First portable computer. Marketed almost exclusively to CEOs ; The GRiD Compass 1100, the first clamshell laptop computer ; Patented the "clamshell" laptop design ; First portable to use non-volatile bubble-memory ; GRiD-OS was a multi-tasking Text-based user interface (or TUI) and operating system ; First use of electro-luminescent displays in a portable ; First use of magnesium for the case ; First use of the Intel 8086 and 8087 floating-point co-processor in a commercial product ; Pioneered the concept of a "bus" for connecting peripherals (using GPIB) ; First computer that included a fully functional telephone and telephone handset ; The first commercially available tablet-type portable computer was the GRiDPad, released in September 1989. Its operating system was based on MS-DOS. ; A GRiD Compass 1101 was the first laptop in space. Required special modification to add a fan to

This is a document about History of science and technology in Japan
  "resolution revolution". By 1983, it was used in NEC's APC computers, and other computers from Digital Equipment Corporation and Wang Laboratories. The 7220 and its clones led the early GPU market for several years, and was still the best known GPU in 1986. It was eventually surpassed by the more powerful Hitachi HD63484 ACRTC, released in 1984.  Yukio Yokozawa, an employee for Suwa Seikosha, a branch of Seiko (now Seiko Epson), invented the first laptop (notebook) computer in July 1980, receiving a patent for the invention. Seiko's notebook computer, known as the HC-20 in Japan, was announced in 1981. In

This is a document about IHunch
  The first laptop was produced in 1981 but it took more than a decade of development for the designs to approach current (2016) levels of portability and capacity, and hence uptake. Apple produced the first smartphone (the iPhone) in 2007 and the first tablet (the iPad) in 2010. In 2015 there were 4.43 billion mobile phone (cellphone) users in the world, of which 2.6 billion had smartphones. In the US, 45% owned a tablet computer in 2014 and 92% owned a mobile phone; for younger adults aged 18–29, only 2% didn't own a mobile phone and 50% had tablets. A large Finnish cross-sectional study on school-age adolescents published in 2012 concluded that more than two hours

This is a document about List of Japanese inventions and discoveries
  receiving a patent for the invention. Seiko's notebook computer, known as the HC-20 in Japan, was announced in 1981. In North America, Epson introduced it as the Epson HX-20 in 1981, at the COMDEX computer show in Las Vegas, where it drew significant attention for its portability. It had a mass-market release in July 1982, as the HC-20 in Japan and as the Epson HX-20 in North America. It was the first notebook-sized handheld computer,  the size of an A4 notebook and weighing 1.6 kg. In 1983, the Sharp PC-5000 and Ampere WS-1 laptops from Japan featured a modern clamshell design. Microcomputer ; The first microcomputer was Sord

This is a document about History of laptops
  The first laptop was made in 1982 Enclosed in a magnesium case, it introduced the now familiar clamshell design, in which the flat display folded shut against the keyboard. The computer was equipped with a 320×200-pixel electroluminescent display and 384 kilobyte bubble memory. It was not IBM-compatible, and its high price (US$8,000–10,000, equivalent to $- in ) limited it to specialized applications. However, it was used heavily by the U.S. military, and by NASA on the Space Shuttle during the 1980s. The GRiD's manufacturer subsequently earned significant returns on its patent rights as its innovations became commonplace. GRiD Systems Corp. was later bought by the Tandy (now RadioShack) Corporation. The Grid's portability was restricted as it had no internal battery pack and relied on mains power.

This is a document about ThinkPad
  The ThinkPad was developed to compete with Toshiba and Compaq, who had created the first two portable notebooks, with an emphasis on sales to the Harvard Business School. The task of creating a notebook was given to the Yamato Facility in Japan, headed by Arimasa Naitoh (内藤在正), a Japanese engineer and product designer who had joined IBM in the 1970s, now known as the "Father of ThinkPad". The name "ThinkPad" was a product of IBM's corporate history and culture. Thomas J. Watson, Sr., first introduced "THINK" as an IBM slogan in the 1920s. With every minicomputer and mainframe, IBM installed

This is a document about Epson HX-20
  The Epson HX-20 (also known as the HC-20) was the first "true" laptop computer. It was invented in July 1980 by Yukio Yokozawa, who worked for Suwa Seikosha, a branch of Japanese company Seiko (now Seiko Epson), receiving a patent for the invention. It was announced in 1981 as the HC-20 in Japan, and was introduced by Epson in North America as the HX-20 at the 1981 COMDEX computer show in Las Vegas, where it drew significant attention for its portability. It had a mass-market release in July 1982, as the HC-20 in Japan and as the Epson HX-20 in North America. The size of an A4 notebook and weighing 1.6 kg, it was hailed by BusinessWeek magazine as the "fourth revolution in personal computing".

This is a document about Kenbak-1
  The Kenbak-1 is considered by the Computer History Museum and the American Computer Museum to be the world's first "personal computer", invented by John V. Blankenbaker (1929-) of Kenbak Corporation in 1970, and first sold in early 1971. Only 50 machines were ever built using Bud Industries enclosures as its housing. The system first sold for US$750. Today only 14 machines are believed to exist worldwide, in the hands of various collectors. Production of the Kenbak-1 stopped in 1973 as Kenbak failed, and was taken over by CTI Education Products, Inc. CTI rebranded the inventory and renamed it the H5050, though sales remained elusive. Since the Kenbak-1 was invented before

This is a document about History of laptops
  By the end of the 1980s, laptop computers were becoming popular among business people. The 16-bit COMPAQ SLT/286 debuted in October 1988, being the first battery-powered laptop to support an internal hard disk drive and a VGA compatible LCD screen. It weighed 14 lb.

This is a document about Steve Wozniak
  Stephen Gary Wozniak (born August 11, 1950), also known by his nickname "Woz", is an American electronics engineer, computer programmer, philanthropist, and technology entrepreneur. In 1976, with business partner Steve Jobs, he co-founded Apple Inc., which later became the world's largest information technology company by revenue and the largest company in the world by market capitalization. Through his work at Apple in the 1970s and 1980s, he is widely recognized as one of the prominent pioneers of the personal-computer revolution. In 1975, Wozniak started developing the Apple I into the computer that launched Apple when he and Jobs first began marketing it the following year. He primarily designed the Apple II, introduced in 1977, known as one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputers, while Jobs oversaw the development of its foam-molded plastic case and early

This is a document about History of laptops
  Apple's first laptop product was the 16-bit lead-acid battery powered 7.2 kg Macintosh Portable released in September 1989. The Portable pioneered inclusion of a pointing device (a trackball) in the laptop/portable sphere.

This is a document about Texas Instruments
  Texas Instruments invented the hand-held calculator (a prototype called "Cal Tech") in 1967 and the single-chip microcomputer in 1971, was assigned the first patent on a single-chip microprocessor (invented by Gary Boone) on September 4, 1973. This was disputed by Gilbert Hyatt, formerly of the Micro Computer Company, in August 1990, when he was awarded a patent superseding TI's. This was overturned on June 19, 1996, in favor of TI (note: Intel is usually given credit with Texas Instruments for the almost-simultaneous invention of the microprocessor).

This is a document about Grid Compass
  The Grid Compass (written GRiD by its manufacturer GRiD Systems Corporation) was one of the first laptop computers.

The first laptop was invented by Yukio Suwa of NEC in 1968. However, the term "laptop" was not used at that time and the device was called a "luggable" or "portable" computer. The first true laptop, as we know it today, was invented by Adam Osborne in 1981 with the Osborne 1.


Question: where does calcium ion storage occur in a cell

Answer: endoplasmic reticulum

This is a document about Mitochondrion
  The concentrations of free calcium in the cell can regulate an array of reactions and is important for signal transduction in the cell. Mitochondria can transiently store calcium, a contributing process for the cell's homeostasis of calcium. Their ability to rapidly take in calcium for later release makes them good "cytosolic buffers" for calcium. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the most significant storage site of calcium, and there is a significant interplay between the mitochondrion and ER with regard to calcium. The calcium is taken up into the matrix by the mitochondrial calcium uniporter on the inner mitochondrial membrane. It is primarily driven by the mitochondrial membrane potential. Release of this calcium back into the cell's interior can occur via a sodium-calcium exchange protein or via "calcium-induced-calcium-release" pathways.

This is a document about Sarcoplasmic reticulum
  The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is a membrane-bound structure found within muscle cells that is similar to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in other cells. The main function of the SR is to store calcium ions (Ca2+). Calcium ion levels are kept relatively constant, with the concentration of calcium ions within a cell being 10,000 times smaller than the concentration of calcium ions outside the cell. This means that small increases in calcium ions within the cell are easily detected and can bring about important cellular changes (the calcium is said to be a second messenger; see calcium in biology for more details). Calcium is used to make calcium carbonate (found in chalk) and calcium phosphate, two compounds that the body uses to make teeth and bones. This means that too much calcium within the cells can lead to hardening (calcification) of certain intracellular structures, including the mitochondria, leading to cell death. Therefore, it is vital that calcium ion levels are controlled tightly, and can be released into the cell when necessary and then removed from the cell.

This is a document about Cardiac action potential
  this is known as repolarization. Another important ion is calcium (Ca2+), which can be found outside of the cell as well as inside the cell, in a calcium store known as the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Release of Ca2+ from the SR, via a process called calcium-induced calcium release, is vital for the plateau phase of the action potential (see phase 2, below) and is a fundamental step in cardiac excitation-contraction coupling. There are important physiological differences between the cells that spontaneously generate the action potential (pacemaker cells; e.g. SAN) and those that simply conduct it (non-pacemaker cells; e.g. ventricular myocytes). The specific differences in the types of ion channels expressed and mechanisms by which they are activated results in differences in the configuration of the action potential waveform, as shown in figure 2.

This is a document about Calcium in biology
  cellular functions. The intracellular calcium level is kept relatively low with respect to the extracellular fluid, by an approximate magnitude of 12,000-fold. This gradient is maintained through various plasma membrane calcium pumps that utilize ATP for energy, as well as a sizable storage within intracellular compartments. In electrically excitable cells, such as skeletal and cardiac muscles and neurons, membrane depolarization leads to a Ca2+ transient with cytosolic Ca2+ concentration reaching around 1 uM. Mitochondria are capable of sequestering and storing some of that Ca2+. It has been estimated that mitochondrial matrix free calcium concentration rises to the tens of micromolar levels in situ during neuronal activity.

This is a document about Calcium in biology
  The effects of calcium on human cells are specific, meaning that different types of cells respond in different ways. However, in certain circumstances, its action may be more general. Ca2+ ions are one of the most widespread second messengers used in signal transduction. They make their entrance into the cytoplasm either from outside the cell through the cell membrane via calcium channels (such as calcium-binding proteins or voltage-gated calcium channels), or from some internal calcium storages such as the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Levels of intracellular calcium are regulated by transport proteins that remove it from the cell. For example, the sodium-calcium exchanger uses energy from the electrochemical gradient of

This is a document about Sarcoplasmic reticulum
  Located within the SR is a protein called calsequestrin. This protein can bind to around 50 Ca2+, which decreases the amount of free Ca2+ within the SR (as more is bound to calsequestrin). Therefore, more calcium can be stored (the calsequestrin is said to be a buffer). It is primarily located within the junctional SR/luminal space, in close association with the calcium release channel (described below).

This is a document about Spine apparatus
   Synaptic activity triggers Ca2+ influx into dendritic spines via NMDA receptors and voltage-dependent calcium channels. Free Ca2+ ions are rapidly removed from the cytoplasm through Na+/Ca2+ exchangers in the plasma membrane and by sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPases (SERCA pumps) that mediate Ca2+ uptake into the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (sER). The spine apparatus, as a sub-compartment of the sER, has a large surface area and is thought to act as an efficient calcium buffer inside the spine (Figure 2). Recent studies have shown that the spine apparatus is also able to release Ca2+ through inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) or ryanodine receptors (RyRs). The calcium-sensitive nature of IP3Rs and RyRs makes both receptors capable of regenerative calcium-induced calcium release (CICR). In dendritic shafts and spines of hippocampal neurons the presence of both RyRs and IP3Rs has been shown by immunostaining. Ca2+ release is triggered by glutamate release, activating Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). The downstream signaling cascade leads to elevated IP3 levels inside the spine (Figure 2) which trigger Ca2+ release events only in those spines that contain sER.

This is a document about Sarcoplasmic reticulum
  Calcium ion release from the SR, occurs in the junctional SR/terminal cisternae through a ryanodine receptor (RyR) and is known as a calcium spark. There are three types of ryanodine receptor, RyR1 (in skeletal muscle), RyR2 (in cardiac muscle) and RyR3 (in the brain). Calcium release through ryanodine receptors in the SR is triggered differently in different muscles. In cardiac and smooth muscle an electrical impulse (action potential) triggers calcium ions to enter the cell through an L-type calcium channel located in the cell membrane (smooth muscle) or T-tubule membrane (cardiac muscle). These calcium ions bind to and activate the RyR, producing a larger increase in intracellular calcium. In skeletal muscle, however, the L-type calcium channel is bound to the

This is a document about Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate
  The ER and acidic Ca2+ stores have similarities as well as key differences. Both transport Ca2+ into their lumina where it is stored, and is subsequently released in response to stimuli by opening resident Ca2+ channels. Indeed, the free [Ca2+] of each is broadly similar (~0.5-1.0 mM). However, they differ in the cohort of transporters, their luminal pH and their total volume per cell. The total amount of Ca2+ that is stored in each is a product of the volume and concentration; since the [Ca2+] is the same for each, the total amount of releasable Ca2+ is directly proportional to the organellar volume and therefore lysosomes can release

This is a document about Calcium in biology
  the parathyroid gland regulates the resorption of Ca2+ from bone, reabsorption in the kidney back into circulation, and increases in the activation of vitamin D3 to calcitriol. Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D3, promotes absorption of calcium from the intestines and bones. Calcitonin secreted from the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland also affects calcium levels by opposing parathyroid hormone; however, its physiological significance in humans is dubious. Intracellular calcium is stored in organelles which repetitively release and then reaccumulate Ca2+ ions in response to specific cellular events: storage sites include mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum. Characteristic concentrations of calcium in model organisms are: in E. coli 3mM (bound), 100nM (free), in budding yeast 2mM (bound), in mammalian cell 10-100nM (free) and in blood plasma 2mM.

This is a document about Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling
  Certain regions of the sarcolemma penetrate deep into the cell. These are known as transverse-tubules (t-tubules); which are also found in skeletal muscle cells) and allow for the action potential to travel into the centre of the cell. Special proteins called L-type calcium channels (also known as dihydropyridine receptors (DHPR)) are located on the t-tubule membrane, and are activated by the action potential. Activated DHPR’s open, forming a channel, that allows Ca2+ to pass into the cell. This increase in Ca2+, then binds to and activates another receptor, called a type 2 ryanodine receptor (RyR2), located on the membrane of a structure known as the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). The SR is a Ca2+ store within the cell and is located very close to the T-tubule. Activation of RyR2 causes it to open, releasing even more Ca2+ into the cell, this release of calcium is called a calcium spark. This means that the initial flow of Ca2+ into the cell, caused a larger release of Ca2+ within the cell, therefore the process is called calcium induced calcium release (CICR).

This is a document about Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate
  In other Ca2+-storing organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi, stores are filled by calcium ATPase pumps, typified by the ubiquitous members of the SERCA or the SPCA (secretory pathway Ca2+-ATPase) families respectively. Ca2+ uptake by acidic stores occurs via other proteins: in yeast and plants (the best understood systems) the acidic vacuoles host two uptake pathways: a high affinity Ca2+-ATPase and a low affinity Ca2+/H+ antiporter (or exchanger, generically denoted as CHX). The pumps are different from the SERCA family (and, importantly, are insensitive to their inhibitor, thapsigargin) whereas the exchanger exploit the H+ gradient to drive Ca2+ uptake against its concentration gradient. The genes encoding these proteins are well-defined. In higher organisms, the situation is less clear. Ca2+ uptake usually occurs via a thapsigargin-insensitive pathway (therefore precluding

This is a document about Calcium signaling
  The resting concentration of Ca2+ in the cytoplasm is normally maintained around 100 nM. This is 20,000- to 100,000-fold lower than typical extracellular concentration. To maintain this low concentration, Ca2+ is actively pumped from the cytosol to the extracellular space, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and sometimes into the mitochondria. Certain proteins of the cytoplasm and organelles act as buffers by binding Ca2+. Signaling occurs when the cell is stimulated to release Ca2+ ions from intracellular stores, and/or when Ca2+ enters the cell through plasma membrane ion channels. Under certain conditions, the intracellular Ca2+ concentration may begin to oscillate at a specific frequency.

This is a document about Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
  concentration of calcium near the channel increases. This happens when, in response to an electrical signal from the cell membrane called an action potential, a small amount of calcium flows across the cell membrane into the cell through L-type calcium channels, many of which are located on specialised inpouchings of the membrane called T-tubules designed to bring these surface ion channels close to the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The increase in calcium concentration triggers ryanodine receptors on the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release a puff of calcium known as a calcium spark. Each spark triggers the release of further sparks from neighbouring ryanodine receptors to create an organised rise of calcium throughout the cell known as a calcium transient.

This is a document about Plant memory
  still unknown. In this article, we propose several potential mechanisms that could explain how information about past trauma is stored in the bud. One proposed mechanism for plant memory storage in the bud is the relative rise in Ca2+ concentration within the cytosol of plant cells via calcium waves. The cytoplasm of plant cells has a relatively low concentration of Ca2+, but the cell has stores of Ca2+ throughout. These stores of Ca2+ are usually membrane bound organelles that have inositol-3-phosphate (IP3) dependent Ca2+ channels within their membranes. These channels only open when they are bound to IP3, a molecule that

This is a document about T-tubule
  the sarcolemma and therefore the majority of the calcium that enters the cell occurs via T-tubules. This calcium binds to and activates a receptor, known as a ryanodine receptor, located on the cell's own internal calcium store, the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Activation of the ryanodine receptor causes calcium to be released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, causing the muscle cell to contract. In skeletal muscle cells, however, the L-type calcium channel is directly attached to the ryanodine receptor on the sarcoplasmic reticulum allowing activation of the ryanodine receptor directly without the need for an influx of calcium. The importance of T-tubules is not

This is a document about Calcium release activated channel
  In electrically non-excitable cells (i.e., blood cells), Ca2+ influx is essential for regulating a host of kinetically distinct processes involving exocytosis, enzyme control, gene regulation, cell growth and proliferation, and apoptosis. Capacitative calcium entry appears to also be a major means of signal transduction. The major Ca2+ entry pathway in these cells is the store-operated one, in which the emptying of intracellular Ca2+ stores activates Ca2+ influx (store-operated Ca2+ entry, or capacitative  Ca2+ entry). This is often referred to as the store-operated current or SOC. A common mechanism by which such cytoplasmic calcium signals are generated involves receptors that are coupled to the activation of phospholipase C. Phospholipase C generates inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), which in turn mediates the discharge of Ca2+ from intracellular stores (components of the endoplasmic reticulum), allowing calcium to be released into the cytosol. In most of the cell, the fall in Ca2+ concentration within the lumen of the Ca2+-storing organelles subsequently activates plasma membrane Ca2+ channels.

This is a document about Gating (electrophysiology)
  Calcium (Ca2+) channels regulate the release of neurotransmitters at synapses, control the shape of action potentials made by sodium channels, and in some neurons, generate action potentials. Calcium channels consist of six transmembrane helices. S4 acts as the voltage sensor by rotating when exposed to certain membrane potentials, thereby opening the channel. Neurotransmitters are initially stored and synthesized in vesicles at the synapse of a neuron. When an action potential occurs in a cell, the electrical signal reaches the presynaptic terminal and the depolarization causes calcium channels to open, releasing calcium to travel down its electrochemical gradient. This influx of calcium subsequently is what causes the neurotransmitter

This is a document about Second messenger system
  secondary messenger may then activate a "secondary effector" whose effects depend on the particular secondary messenger system. Calcium ions are one type of second messengers and are responsible for many important physiological functions including muscle contraction, fertilization, and neurotransmitter release. The ions are normally bound or stored in intracellular components (such as the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)) and can be released during signal transduction. The enzyme phospholipase C produces diacylglycerol and inositol trisphosphate, which increases calcium ion permeability into the membrane. Active G-protein open up calcium channels to let calcium ions enter the plasma membrane. The other product of phospholipase C, diacylglycerol, activates protein kinase C, which assists in the activation of cAMP (another second messenger).

This is a document about Insulin
  binds to receptor proteins in the plasma membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This allows the release of Ca2+ ions from the ER via IP3-gated channels, which raises the cytosolic concentration of calcium ions independently of the effects of a high blood glucose concentration. Parasympathetic stimulation of the pancreatic islets operates via this pathway to increase insulin secretion into the blood. ; The significantly increased amount of calcium ions in the cells' cytoplasm causes the release into the blood of previously synthesized insulin, which has been stored in intracellular secretory vesicles. Beta cells in the islets of Langerhans release insulin in two phases. The first-phase release

Calcium ions are primarily stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in muscle cells, and in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in other cell types. The SR is a membrane-bound organelle that maintains a high concentration of calcium ions (10,000-fold higher than the cytosol) and plays a crucial role in calcium signaling by releasing calcium ions into the cytosol during various cellular processes.


Question: who wrote the song when i get where i 'm going

Answer: Rivers Rutherford

This is a document about When I Get Where I'm Going
  "When I Get Where I'm Going " is a song written by George Teren and Rivers Rutherford, and recorded by American country music artist Brad Paisley. It was released in October 2005 as second single from his album Time Well Wasted and is his 14th career single (not counting album cuts). The song features harmony vocals from Dolly Parton. The song was Parton's 25th Billboard No. 1 (and her first since 1991's "Rockin' Years"), and Paisley's fifth.

This is a document about Dolly Parton
  Parton earned her second Academy Award nomination for Best Original Song for "Travelin' Thru", which she wrote specifically for the feature film Transamerica. (2005) Due to the song's (and film's) acceptance of a transgender woman, Parton received death threats. She returned to number one on the country chart later in 2005 by lending her distinctive harmonies to the Brad Paisley ballad, "When I Get Where I'm Going". In September 2007, Parton released her first single from her own record company, Dolly Records, titled, "Better Get to Livin'", which eventually peaked at number 48 on Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. It

This is a document about Speak to Me (album)
  The song "When I Get Where I'm Going" peaked at No. 14 on Billboard's Christian Songs chart.

This is a document about When I Get Home
  "When I Get Home" is a song written by John Lennon (credited to Lennon–McCartney), and recorded by the English rock band the Beatles on 2 June 1964, during the last session for their third studio album A Hard Day's Night (1964). Its first US release was on the Something New LP. Influenced somewhat by the Shirelles, "When I Get Home" is essentially a rock and roll number, but with unusual chord progressions. Lennon liked this particular ploy, and used it on many of his songs at the time. Typical also of this period of the Beatles is the vocal leap into falsetto.

This is a document about Live at the Royal Festival Hall (Glen Campbell album)
  Brel, Rod McKuen) – 3:23 ; 5) "Sunflower" (Neil Diamond) – 2:51 Side 3 ; 1) "By The Time I Get To Phoenix" (Jimmy Webb) – 2:51 ; 2) "Galveston" (Jimmy Webb) – 3:05 ; 3) "Wichita Lineman" (Jimmy Webb) – 2:47 ; 4) "MacArthur Park" (Jimmy Webb) – 7:00 ; 5) "This is Sarah's Song" (Jimmy Webb) – 2:22 Side 4 ; 1) "Classical Gas" (Mason Williams) – 2:41 ; 2) "William Tell Overture" (Gioachino Rossini) – 2:34 ; 3) "Soliloquy from Carousel" (Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein II) – 7:12 ; 4) "That's When The Music Takes Me" (Neil Sedaka) – 2:46 ; 5) "Amazing Grace" (John Newton) – 3:51

This is a document about Bud Green
  River" ; "Swingy Little Thingy" ; "Blue Fedora" ; "More Than Ever" ; "You Showed Me the Way" (Ella Fitzgerald; Billie Holiday; Tony Bennett on Here's to the Ladies, 1995) ; "Tia Juana" ; "Once in a While" ; "The Man Who Comes Around" ; "Flat Foot Floogie (with a Floy Floy)" (Mills Brothers and Louis Armstrong; Slam Stewart, 1938) ; "Sentimental Journey" (Doris Day and Les Brown's band, 1944) ; "Speed Limit" ; "Who Can Tell" ; "All the Days of Our Years" ; "My Number One Dream Came True" (Doris Day, 1946) ; "On Account I Love You" Bud Green wrote or co-wrote a number of songs, including:

This is a document about She & Him
  Deschanel and Ward met on the set of the film The Go-Getter, in which Deschanel had a starring role. Martin Hynes, the director, introduced them to each other and asked them to sing a duet for the film's end credits. They performed the song "When I Get to the Border" by Richard and Linda Thompson. The two bonded over a shared interest in albums produced by George Martin and Phil Spector, as well as certain Ralph Peer groups such as the Carter Family. Ward heard Deschanel sing in the film Elf. He was surprised to learn that although she wrote songs she hadn't pursued a career in music. Deschanel commented in an interview with Venus Zine: "I always thought I would be able to

This is a document about 2005 in country music
 Entertainer of the Year – Kenny Chesney ; Song of the Year – "Believe", Ronnie Dunn and Craig Wiseman ; Single of the Year – "Jesus, Take the Wheel", Carrie Underwood ; Album of the Year – Time Well Wasted, Brad Paisley ; Top Male Vocalist – Keith Urban ; Top Female Vocalist – Sara Evans ; Top Vocal Duo – Brooks & Dunn ; Top Vocal Group – Rascal Flatts ; Top New Male Vocalist – Jason Aldean ; Top New Female Vocalist – Carrie Underwood ; Top New Duo or Group – Sugarland ; Video of the Year – "When I Get Where I'm Going", Brad Paisley and Dolly Parton (Director: Jim Shea) ; Vocal Event of the Year – "When I Get Where I'm Going", Brad Paisley and Dolly Parton ; ACM/Home Depot Humanitarian of the Year – Vince Gill ; Pioneer Awards – Little Jimmy Dickens, Kris Kristofferson, Bill Monroe and Earl Scruggs (presented May 23, 2006 in Las Vegas)

This is a document about List of songs about New York City
  Moon Comes Over Madison Square" by Bing Crosby • "When the Revolution Comes" by The Last Poets • "When the Stars Go Blue" by Ryan Adams • "When the Whip Comes Down" by The Rolling Stones • "When You Got to New York" by Saturday Looks Good to Me • "When You're Far Away From New York Town" (from Jennie (musical)) • "Where Broadway Meets Fifth Avenue" by Lester Keith and John Kemble (from Ludwig Englander and Harry B. Smith's 'The White Cat'.) • "Where Brooklyn At?" by Notorious B.I.G. • "Where I'm From" by Digable Planets • "Where I'm From" by Jay-Z •

This is a document about When I Get Where I'm Going
  This song was covered by contemporary Christian music artist Geoff Moore in 2007 on his album Speak to Me. Moore's version was a Top 15 hit on the Hot Christian Songs and Hot Christian Adult Contemporary charts. In 2007, Christian contemporary trio 33Miles covered "When I Get Where I'm Going" on their self titled debut album. This song was also covered by Susie McEntire on her latest album Passages in 2010. In 2015, Chris Crump and Krista Hughes make a song choice selected covered the battle song in The Voice (U.S. season 9).

This is a document about By the Time I Get to Phoenix
  "By the Time I Get to Phoenix" is a song written by Jimmy Webb. Originally recorded by Johnny Rivers in 1965, it was covered by American country music singer Glen Campbell on his album of the same name. Released on Capitol Records in 1967, Campbell's version topped RPM Canada Country Tracks, reached number two on Billboard Hot Country Singles chart, and won two awards at the 10th Annual Grammys. Broadcast Music, Inc. (BMI) named it the third most performed song from 1940 to 1990. The song was ranked number 20 on BMI's Top 100 Songs of the Century. Frank Sinatra called it "the greatest torch song ever written."

This is a document about List of train songs
 "Happy Go Lucky Local" (Duke Ellington) by Duke Ellington ; "Hard Travelin'" (Woody Guthrie) by Dave & Phil Alvin, The Brothers Four, Lonnie Donegan, Bob Dylan, Ramblin' Jack Elliott, Flatt & Scruggs, Lester Flatt, Beppe Gambetta, Arlo Guthrie, Woody Guthrie, Cisco Houston, Kingston Trio, Jimmy LaFave, Pete Seeger ; "Harmonica Train" (Sonny Terry) by Sonny Terry & His Night Owls ; "Harvard Student, The", also titled "The Pullman Train", (attributed to Louis Shreve Osborne, 1871) by Doney Hammontree ; "He Is Coming to Us Dead" (Gussie Davis), published 1899 by Dry Branch Fire Squad (2005), G. B. Grayson & Henry Whitter (1928),

This is a document about Ethel Waters
  "white time" Keith Vaudeville Circuit, a vaudeville circuit performing for white audiences and combined with screenings of silent movies. They received rave reviews in Chicago and earned the unheard-of salary of US$1,250 in 1928. In September 1926, Waters recorded "I'm Coming Virginia", composed by Donald Heywood with lyrics by Will Marion Cook. She is often wrongly attributed as the author. The following year, Waters sang it in a production of Africana at Broadway's Daly's Sixty-Third Street Theatre. In 1929, Waters and Wright arranged the unreleased Harry Akst song "Am I Blue?", which was used in the movie On with the Show and became a hit and her signature song.

This is a document about List of train songs
  by The Altar Billies, written by Michael W Stand (ASCAP), ; "When My Train Pulls In" by Gary Clark Jr. ; "When the Golden Train Comes Down" (Bob Nolan) by The Sons of the Pioneers ; "When the Midnight Choo-Choo Leaves for Alabam'" (Irving Berlin), published 1912, by Arthur Collins & Byron G. Harlan (1912). Performed in films by the following artists: Alice Faye, Alexander's Ragtime Band, 1938; Fred Astaire & Judy Garland, Easter Parade, 1948; Ethel Merman, Dan Dailey, Mitzi Gaynor & Donald O'Connor, There's No Business Like Show Business, 1954 ; "When the Train Comes Along" by Henry Thomas ; "Whiskey

This is a document about List of train songs
  Hank Thompson, Randy Travis, The Verlaines, Bunny Wailer, Elder Roma Wilson, Buckwheat Zydeco ; "This Train Don't Stop There Anymore" (Elton John, Bernie Taupin) by Elton John ; "This Train's a Clean Train" (Traditional, related to "This Train") by Joe Glazer ; "Ticket Agent, Ease Your Window Down" (Clarence Williams) by Bessie Smith ; "Ticket Agent Blues" (Blind Willie McTell) by Blind Willie McTell ; "Time Flies By (When You’re A Driver Of A Train)" by Half Man Half Biscuit ; "Timetable Blues" (Traditional), sheet music published 1911, by Captain Appleblossom (1929), New Lost City Ramblers (1968) ; "To Morrow" (Lew Sully), published 1898

This is a document about Paint Your Wagon (film)
 1) "I'm on My Way" – Chorus ; 2) "I Still See Elisa" – Pardner ; 3) "The First Thing You Know" (Lerner/Previn) – Ben ; 4) "Hand Me Down That Can o' Beans" – Chorus including the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band ; 5) "They Call the Wind Maria" – Rotten Luck Willie, Chorus ; 6) "Whoop-Ti-Ay!" – Chorus ; 7) "A Million Miles Away Behind the Door" (Lerner/Previn) – Elizabeth ; 8) "I Talk to the Trees" – Pardner ; 9) "There's a Coach Comin' In" – Rotten Luck Willie, Chorus ; 10) "The Gospel of No Name City" (Lerner/Previn) – Parson ; 11) "Best Things" (Lerner/Previn) – Ben, Mad Jack, Pardner ; 12) "Wand'rin' Star" – Ben, Chorus ; 13) "Gold Fever" (Lerner/Previn) – Pardner, Chorus ; 14) "Finale (I'm on My Way)" – Ben, Mad Jack, Chorus All songs written by Lerner and Loewe unless otherwise noted.

This is a document about List of songs about Oklahoma
  E. Daniels, recorded by Johnny Seay, 1968. ; "Going to Scotland" – The Mountain Goats, 1996. ; "Good Old Oklahoma" – written by Bob Wills and Tommy Duncan, lead singer with Bob Wills and the Texas Playboys, and recorded by them in 1935. More recently recorded by JD McPherson and Pokey Lafarge, 2013. ; "Goodbye Oklahoma" – written by Eberhard (Lo) Faber, recorded by God Street Wine, 1997. ; "Gotta Get to Oklahoma ('Cause California's Gettin' to Me)" – The Hagers; written by Rodney Lay and Buck Owens, 1969. ; "(Gotta Get To) Oklahoma City" – Written by Don Reed and Dan Franklin, recorded by Luke Wills' Rhythm Busters, 1947. ; "The Great State of Oklahoma" – Ali Harter, 2012. ; "Guthrie" – Hank Thompson, 1969.

This is a document about I'll Be on My Way
  John Lennon explained "I'll Be on My Way" "was early Paul." Credited to Lennon–McCartney, Paul McCartney wrote the song in the first half of 1959. Author Todd Compton attributes it to "McCartney–Lennon." McCartney wrote the song on his first guitar, a Framus Zenith acoustic guitar. In The Beatles Anthology, McCartney recalls, "All my first songs... were written on the Zenith; songs like 'Michelle' and 'I Saw Her Standing There'. It was on this guitar that I learnt 'Twenty Flight Rock', the song that later got me into the group The Quarry Men." When first written, the song had little beyond its melody. The song was fleshed out years later after the Beatles added it to their live repertoire. The song is heavily inspired by Buddy Holly. Musicologist and writer Ian MacDonald writes, "Played a little faster, the song reveals its debt to

This is a document about List of UK top-ten singles in 1970
  six days after the chart is announced). One-hundred and twenty-two singles were in the top ten in 1970. Eleven singles from 1969 remained in the top 10 for several weeks at the beginning of the year, while "Grandad" by Clive Dunn, "I'll Be There" by The Jackson 5 and "Ride a White Swan" by T. Rex were all released in 1970 but did not reach their peak until 1971. "All I Have to Do Is Dream" by Bobbie Gentry and Glen Campbell, "Melting Pot" by Blue Mink, "Suspicious Minds" by Elvis Presley and "Tracy" by The Cuff Links were the singles

This is a document about Where Am I Going?
  Lerner, Burton Lane) - 2:06 ; 4) "If You Go Away (Ne Me Quitte Pas)" (Jacques Brel, Rod McKuen) - 3:53 ; 5) "Broken Blossoms" (Traditional, Tom Springfield, Robert Gray) - 2:44 ; 6) "Where Am I Going?" (Dorothy Fields, Cy Coleman) - 3:42 1) "I've Got a Good Thing" (Jerry Ragovoy, Mort Shuman) - 2:54 ; 2) * Outtake from the Where Am I Going? sessions. First release: UK compilation Something Special, 1996. ; 3) "Don't Forget About Me" (London recording) (Gerry Goffin, Carole King) - 2:51 ; 4) * Outtake from the Where Am I Going? sessions. First release:

The song "When I Get Where I'm Going" was written by George Teren and Rivers Rutherford.


Question: who is the greatest horse that ever lived

Answer: Secretariat

This is a document about Secretariat (horse)
  Secretariat (March 30, 1970 – October 4, 1989), also known as Big Red, was a champion American Thoroughbred racehorse who is the ninth winner of the American Triple Crown, setting and still holding the fastest time record in all three races. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest racehorses of all time. He became the first Triple Crown winner in 25 years and his record-breaking victory in the Belmont Stakes, which he won by 31 lengths, is widely regarded as one of the greatest races in history. During his racing career, he won five Eclipse Awards, including Horse of the Year honors at ages two and three. He was nominated to the National Museum of Racing and

This is a document about Kelso (horse)
  Kelso (April 4, 1957 – October 16, 1983) was a champion American Thoroughbred racehorse who is considered one of the greatest racehorses in history. He ranks fourth on the Top 100 Racehorses of the 20th Century. He defeated more champions and Hall of Fame horses than any other racehorse, and he often carried great handicaps. Some of the champions he defeated are Carry Back, Gun Bow, Bald Eagle, Tompion, Never Bend, Beau Purple, Quadrangle, Roman Brother, Crimson Satan, Jaipur, Ridan and Pia Star.

This is a document about Gallant Man
  According to the most up-to-date records on past racehorses, Gallant Man is the longest-lived racehorse ever to win any Triple Crown race, surpassing Count Fleet, who lived for 33 years and 8 months, on November 30, 1987. His longevity genes continued throughout the generations. Nearly 20 years to the day of his death, his granddaughter Genuine Risk, who lived 31 1⁄2 years, died naturally from similar health problems, but also became the longest-lived filly ever to win a Triple Crown race. His grandson Lord Avie became one of the few thoroughbred racehorses to place third or better in all of his races and is the longest-lived horse with this distinction. In 2012, Lord Avie at 34 surpassed his grandfather in longevity by approximately 2 1⁄2 months.

This is a document about Vincent O'Brien
  horses and John Magnier's business mind propelled Coolmore Stud to the top of the racing world, boasting greater assets than any other racing stud in Europe, the Middle East, or America. The key to the success was through use of the bloodline of a Canadian-bred horse named Northern Dancer, who had won a Kentucky Derby. One son of Northern Dancer was the British Triple Crown winner, Nijinsky, probably the best horse O'Brien ever trained. Nijinsky was ranked the best ever winner of the Epsom Derby by a panel of experts assembled by the Daily Telegraph in 2018. He was ridden to

This is a document about Prove It (horse)
  Prove It's death date is uncertain as he is reported for have died in 1982, but his last offspring, Ladies Quote, was foaled in 1987. One of his notable offspring, Bargain Day, set the thoroughbred stallion sire standard for longevity at 37 years and 17 days early in the 21st century. Bargain Day was foaled on June 7, 1965 at Rex Ellsworth's Chino Ranch and died of natural causes in his sleep the night of June 24, 2002, becoming the longest lived known horse to have produced offspring.

This is a document about Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States)
  using the term Triple Crown to refer to the three races as early as 1923, but it was not until Gallant Fox won the three events in 1930 that Charles Hatton of the Daily Racing Form put the term into common use. In the history of the Triple Crown, 13 horses have won all three races: Sir Barton (1919), Gallant Fox (1930), Omaha (1935), War Admiral (1937), Whirlaway (1941), Count Fleet (1943), Assault (1946), Citation (1948), Secretariat (1973), Seattle Slew (1977), Affirmed (1978), American Pharoah (2015), and Justify (2018). As of May 2021, American Pharoah and Justify are the only living Triple Crown winners. James E. "Sunny Jim" Fitzsimmons was the first trainer to win the Triple Crown more than

This is a document about List of Canadian sports personalities
 Ted Atkinson, Hall of Fame jockey ; Russell Baze (born 1958), Hall of Fame jockey; currently #2 winningest jockey in history ; Big Ben, world show-jumping champion ; Billyjojimbob, distinguished aged trotter; winner of the Elitlopp ; John Campbell, harness racing driver ; Dance Smartly, Canadian Triple Crown, Breeders' Cup champion ; Jim Day, Olympic equestrian gold medallist, champion thoroughbred trainer ; Laetitia du Couëdic, equestrian rider ; Stewart Elliott, thoroughbred racing jockey ; Hervé Filion, harness racing driver ; Sandy Hawley, Hall of Fame thoroughbred jockey ; John Hayes (1917–1998), harness racing driver ; Johnny Longden (1907–2003), Hall of Fame jockey ; Ian Millar (born 1947), owner and rider of Big Ben ; Nijinsky II, last English Triple Crown winner ; Northern Dancer, Canada's most successful and beloved race horse ; Red Pollard (1909–1981), Seabiscuit's jockey ; Strike Out, harness racing champion ; Ron Turcotte (born 1941), Hall of Fame jockey of Secretariat ; George Woolf (1910–1946), Hall of Fame jockey

This is a document about Equus giganteus
  The giant horse (Equus giganteus) is an extinct species of horse which lived in North America starting in the Blancan, and died out about 12,000 years ago near the end of the Pleistocene around the same time as most of the other megafauna of the Americas. Standing up to 2.25 m tall at the shoulder and weighing 1200–1500 kg (2600- 3300 lb), this species was as large as or larger than most draft horses.

This is a document about Old Billy
  Old Billy (AKA: Billy or Ol' Billy) was the longest-living horse on record. Old Billy was verified to be 62 at his death. Born in England in 1760, billy adventured and became a barge horse that pulled barges up and down canals. Old Billy was said to look like a big cob/shire horse, and was brown with a white blaze. Billy died 27 November 1822. Billy's skull now resides in the Manchester Museum. A lithograph was published, showing Old Billy with Squire Henry Harrison, who had "known the animal for fifty-nine years", and a portrait of him is held at the Warrington Museum & Art Gallery.

This is a document about Flyingbolt
  tell them that I saw Arkle and I saw Flyingbolt - and that Flyingbolt was the best." In an interview with the Racing Post in November 2020, Walsh further expressed his thoughts on the Arkle/Flyingbolt debate. "Flyingbolt was the greatest National Hunt horse I ever saw. I've never seen a horse since or before who would have beaten him. He never took on Arkle because they were in the same yard, but I have no doubt he would have eaten Arkle." In an article in the Racing Post in March 2009, John Randall wrote, "In any era except that of Arkle, Flyingbolt would have reigned supreme, but

This is a document about Horse racing in Great Britain
  the number of caricatures of jockeys that feature in Victorian society magazine, Vanity Fair, alongside Members of Parliament (MPs), aristocrats and other national figures. Three figures dominate the flat racing scene of the 20th century too – Steve Donoghue, Gordon Richards and Lester Piggott. Richards is often regarded as the greatest jockey ever and set many records which still stand, including most flat race victories and most flat jockey championships. Piggott is descended from the great racing families of the 19th century, the Days and the Cannons, and for many is the greatest jockey still living. In the modern day, Frankie Dettori is the jockey with the widest public profile beyond racing,

This is a document about List of historical horses
 Bamboo Harvester, portrayed a talking horse in the title role of the TV series Mister Ed, retired in Shasta County ; Brooklyn Supreme, said to be the largest horse in history ; Burmese, favourite mount of Queen Elizabeth II; a gift from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police ; Buttermilk, Dale Evans' horse ; Champion, Gene Autry's horse ; Clever Hans, a smart horse ; Darley Arabian, Godolphin Arabian and Byerly Turk, stallions from whom all Thoroughbreds are descended ; Figure (also known by the name of one of his owners, Justin Morgan), the foundation sire of the Morgan horse breed ; Gun Rock, the offspring of Man O' War used in the

This is a document about Hollie Hughes (horse trainer)
  The May 2, 1998 issue of the New York Times wrote that Ron Turcotte, Secretariat's jockey, had often told a story about meeting Hollie Hughes just before the 1973 Belmont Stakes. Hughes told him: "Son, you're riding the greatest horse that ever looked through a bridle. I have seen them all, including Man o' War. Secretariat is the best I've ever seen. You will win the Belmont. Don't fall off."

This is a document about Big Star (horse)
  Nick Skelton believes that Big Star is the best horse he has ever ridden, thanks to the power of his action, his expansion, and his beating temperament. Interviewed shortly after the victory of the British Show Jumping Team for the 2012 Olympics, Skelton said his horse is "a monster" and further described Big Star as an "amazing" horse.

This is a document about List of historical horses
  Hall of Fame horse in barrel racing for hall of fame rider Charmayne James. They won the National Finals Rodeo a consecutive 10 times in a row, a record that still stands today. ; Seldom Seen, pony who successfully competed in dressage despite being unusually small ; Snowman, former plough horse rescued from being butchered by rider Harry de Lyer; won the 1958 National Horse Show Open Jumper championship against professional and Olympic level competition; twice named the American Horse Shows Association Horse of the Year ; Totilas, first horse to score above a 90 in dressage ; Touch of Class, bay TB mare, ridden by Joe Fargis, won two gold medals in the 1984 Olympics ; Valegro, current world record holder in dressage with 94,3% Royal Dutch Sport Horse, ridden by Charlotte Dujardin

This is a document about Kentucky Horse Park
  has a permanent collection of horse history and memorabilia, along with a rotating historical collection focused on a particular theme. Past themes include A Gift from the Desert (Arabia), Imperial China, and All the Queen's Horses (Britain). Beginning with the 1979 arrival of Forego, one of the leading handicap horses of the 1970s, the Kentucky Horse Park has been home to some of the world's greatest competition horses, including John Henry, Horse of the Decade for the 1980s and the top money-winning Thoroughbred gelding in racing history. With the exception of a few months in 1986, John Henry lived at the park from 1985 until his death in 2007, alongside other racing greats such as Forego and his fellow 1970s champion Bold

This is a document about The Grasshopper (horse)
  horse is most known to be one of only five horses in the sport to have competed in six or more CCIOs (Official International Team Competitions). He shares this honor with another great American horse, Kilkenny, as well as three British horses: The Poacher, Random Light and Priceless. Grasshopper's final rider said of him: "Grasshopper was neither very big nor very handsome, but such was his toughness, mentally and physically, that he never started an international event in which he was not expected to produce the fastest time cross-country... I don't expect ever to see another horse like him." Michael O. Page

This is a document about List of historical horses
  of solving cubic roots ; Popcorn Deelites, the main horse who played Seabiscuit in the Oscar Nominated film Seabiscuit ; Prometea, born May 28, 2003, the first cloned horse and the first to be born from and carried by its cloning mother ; Rugged Lark, famous quarter horse owned by Carol Harris, in the American Quarter Horse Hall of Fame ; Sampson, the tallest horse ever recorded; a Shire; stood 21.2½ hands high ; Thunder, Red Ryder's horse ; Traveler, mascot of the University of Southern California ; Trigger, Roy Rogers' Palomino ; Zippo Pine Bar Inducted into American Quarter Horse Hall of Fame and National Snaffle Bit Association Hall of Fame

This is a document about White horses in mythology
  In Norse mythology, Odin's eight-legged horse Sleipnir, "the best horse among gods and men", is described as grey. Sleipnir is also the ancestor of another grey horse, Grani, who is owned by the hero Sigurd.

This is a document about Beldame
  In a poll among members of the American Trainers Association conducted in 1955 by Delaware Park Racetrack, Beldame was voted the seventh greatest filly in American racing history. Gallorette was voted first. Beldame, who died in 1924, was inducted into the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in 1956.

The greatest horse that ever lived is a subjective question and can depend on various factors such as racing records, influence on the sport, and personal preference. Some consider Secretariat, who set record-breaking times in the Triple Crown races and won the Belmont Stakes by 31 lengths, to be the greatest. Others may argue for horses like Kelso, who defeated many champion horses throughout his career, or Man o' War, who won 20 of his 21 races. Ultimately, there is no definitive answer, and different people may have different opinions on the matter.