Question: who played the drums on in the air tonight

Answer: Phil Collins

This is a document about In the Air Tonight
  "In the Air Tonight" is the debut solo single by the English drummer and singer-songwriter Phil Collins. It was released as the lead single from Collins's debut solo album, Face Value, in January 1981. Collins co-produced the single with Hugh Padgham, who became a frequent collaborator in the following years. The song climbed to No. 2 on the UK Singles chart, but was held off the top spot by the posthumous release of John Lennon's "Woman". It reached No. 1 in Austria, Germany, Switzerland and Sweden, and the top 10 in Australia, New Zealand and several other European territories. It peaked at No. 19 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States, but reached No. 2 on the Rock

This is a document about Townhouse Studios
  1, 2 and 4: Studio number 3 was The Who's old Ramport Studios. Artists that recorded at Townhouse Studios included Elton John, Queen, Phil Collins, Philip Bailey, The Jam, Asia, Bryan Ferry, Coldplay, Muse, Duran Duran, Jamiroquai, Kylie Minogue, Oasis, XTC, Robbie Williams, Peter Gabriel, and Joan Armatrading. Studio 2's "Stone Room" was an especially popular place to record drum sounds during the 1980s, directly as a result of producer Hugh Padgham's treatment of the drums on Phil Collins' "In the Air Tonight". On 27 August 1986, Bob Dylan entered the studio and recorded a few songs including the unreleased "To Fall in Love with

This is a document about Hugh Padgham
  Padgham is credited with creating the "gated reverb" drum sound used so prominently on Phil Collins' single "In the Air Tonight", and which became the template for much of the recorded pop drum sound of the 1980s. The effect is believed to have first been used on the 1980 third self-titled solo album by Peter Gabriel, which Padgham engineered and on which Collins played. At this time, Padgham was working regularly as the recording engineer for noted UK producer Steve Lillywhite, and they collaborated on many well-known albums and singles in the early 1980s. Padgham's gated drum effect is created by adding a large amount of heavily

This is a document about In the Air Tonight
  Chart, later being certified Gold by the RIAA, representing 500,000 copies sold. The song's music video, directed by Stuart Orme, received heavy play on MTV when the new cable music video channel launched in August 1981. "In the Air Tonight" remains one of Collins' best-known hits, often cited as his signature song, and is especially famous for its drum break towards the end, which has been described as "the sleekest, most melodramatic drum break in history" and one of the "101 Greatest Drumming Moments". The song was ranked at number 35 on VH1's "100 Greatest Songs of the 80s" in 2006. In 2007, Mike Gruss, former columnist for The Virginian-Pilot, referred to the song as a "soft rock classic."

This is a document about In the Air Tonight
 1) "In the Air Tonight" (album version) – 5:35 ; 2) * Phil Collins – Roland CR-78 drum machine, vocals, drums, Prophet 5 synthesizer, Rhodes piano, Roland VP-330 vocoder ; 3) * John Giblin – bass ; 4) * Daryl Stuermer – guitar ; 5) * L. Shankar – violins ; 6) "The Roof Is Leaking" – 3:36 ; 7) * Phil Collins – piano, vocal ; 8) * Daryl Stuermer – banjo ; 9) * Joe Partridge – slide guitar

This is a document about Jentina
  the Prodigy member Keith Flint. She also has a son called Ralph and a daughter called Annie. Jentina was also a professional model. In November 2007, she represented lingerie brand Wonderbra, following on from the likes of Eva Herzigová and Caprice. She featured in a spoof video of the Cadbury's popular Gorilla television advertisement, in which a gorilla played the drums to the Phil Collins single, "In the Air Tonight". During 2011, Jentina was in the judging panel for Travellers Got Talent, and she also appeared in the 8-part documentary A Gypsy Life for Me which aired on Bio in November 2011.

This is a document about Noise gate
  A good example of time-controlled noise gating is the well-known "gated reverb" effect heard on the drums on the Phil Collins hit single "In the Air Tonight", created by engineer-producer Hugh Padgham, in which the powerful reverberation added to the drums is cut off by the noise gate after a few milliseconds, rather than being allowed to decay naturally. This can also be achieved by: sending the "dry" snare signal to the reverb (or other process) unit, inserting a noise gate on the path of the reverb signal and connecting the snare sound to the side chain of the gate unit. With the gate

This is a document about Russell Copeland
  Russell S. Copeland (born November 4, 1971) is a former American football wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL) for the Buffalo Bills, Green Bay Packers, and the Philadelphia Eagles. He played college football at the University of Memphis. After his career in the NFL, Copeland played 1 game for the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League (CFL) in 2001. While with the Buffalo Bills, Russell would hit the drum solo to Phil Collins' song, "In the Air Tonight" on point during pregame warmups at then, Rich Stadium

This is a document about Phil Collins
  one on the UK Albums Chart. It was also an international success, reaching number one in six other countries and number seven in the US where it went on to sell 5 million copies. "In the Air Tonight", the album's lead single, became a hit and reached number two in the UK charts. The song is known for the gated reverb effect used on Collins's drums, a technique developed by Padgham when he worked as an engineer on Gabriel's song "Intruder", on which Collins played drums. Following an invitation by record producer Martin Lewis, Collins performed live as a solo artist at an Amnesty International benefit show The

This is a document about Thru These Walls
  The song has distinct similarities with Collins's debut solo single "In The Air Tonight", featuring similar atmospheric opening chords on a Sequential Circuits Prophet-5 and also utilized the same gated reverb drum part several times. The song also features one of Collins's attempts at a "Ringo Starr drum part", who is one of his biggest influences as a drummer.

This is a document about Hard Feelings/Loveless
   Lorde revealed in an interview with The Spinoff that the first two lines from "Loveless", "What is this tape? / This is my favorite tape" were sampled from a documentary she watched about Paul Simon's 1986 album Graceland. The drum solo, used as the transition instrument for "Loveless", was sampled from Phil Collins' 1981 song "In the Air Tonight". Lorde stated that this was one of the earliest tracks on the record. She often listened to the soft rock music of Leonard Cohen, Joni Mitchell, Fleetwood Mac and Simon while riding the subways in New York City, or on cab rides after attending parties in her hometown of Auckland. They were sources of inspiration for "Hard Feelings/Loveless". Despite not being credited for production, Lorde said that Malay brought in some guitars which they used for "Hard Feelings". In

This is a document about Roland CR-78
  The CR-78's built-in rhythm sounds were a further development of those available on the earlier Roland Rhythm 33, 55 and 77 machines. The analog percussion voices consist of bass drum, snare drum, rim shot, hi-hat, cymbal, maracas, claves, cowbell, high bongo, low bongo, low conga, tambourine, guiro, and "metallic beat" (an accent that could be overlaid on the hi-hat voice). The CR-78 has an accent control, which increases the loudness of certain steps in a pattern. There are four patterns named "Rock" and two named "Disco". Other patterns are named "Waltz", "Shuffle", "Slow Rock", "Swing", "Foxtrot", "Tango", "Boogie", "Enka", "Bossa Nova", "Samba", "Mambo", "Chacha", "Beguine" and "Rhumba". Each pattern is available in two variations, labelled "A" and "B". It is possible to select more than one rhythm at a time, and also mute drum sounds from a pattern using the balance knob and dedicated cancel buttons. The CR-78 has been used in songs including "In the Air Tonight" by Phil Collins, "I Can't Go for That (No Can Do)" by Daryl Hall & John Oates, "Mad World" by Tears For Fears, and in live performances by Radiohead.

This is a document about In the Air Tonight
 1) "In the Air Tonight" – 4:57 ; 2) * Phil Collins – Roland CR-78 drum machine, vocals, drums, Prophet 5 synthesizer, Rhodes piano, Roland VP-330 vocoder ; 3) * John Giblin – bass ; 4) * Daryl Stuermer – guitar ; 5) * L. Shankar – violins ; 6) "The Roof Is Leaking" – 3:36 ; 7) * Phil Collins – piano, vocal ; 8) * Daryl Stuermer – banjo ; 9) * Joe Partridge – slide guitar ; A demo track for "In the Air Tonight" also appeared on the "If Leaving Me Is Easy" single.

This is a document about Melodrama (Lorde album)
 undefined signifies an additional producer ; undefined signifies a vocal producer ; undefined signifies an additional vocal producer ; undefined added to the album after the single's release "Loveless" contains a sample of "In the Air Tonight", written and performed by Phil Collins and an audio recording from Paul Simon that appears on the 2012 documentary film, Under African Skies: Paul Simon's Graceland Journey. Notes Sample credits

This is a document about Ritual (In This Moment album)
  message inspired by Brink's spiritual learning and experiences. Brink's love for Phil Collins' "In the Air Tonight" decided the band's cover on the album, which the band has attempted in the past. The writing and recording process for the album took four to five months. This time around, songs were written with the live show in mind, whereas in the past it was created after the album was completed. The band's main songwriters—Brink, Howorth, and Kevin Churko collaborated with other writers from outside their usual lyric-pool to expand the influences, such as Scott Stevens and Dave Bassett, as was recommended by the label.

This is a document about Touring and studio musicians of Phil Collins
 Phil Collins - lead vocals ; Brad Cole - keyboards, vocoder on "In the Air Tonight". ; Luis Conte - percussion ; Nathan East - bass guitar, backing vocals (only on the 29th of August, US Open performance) ; Leland Sklar - bass guitar ; Daryl Stuermer - lead guitar ; Nic Collins - drums This is a list of performers who performed with Collins during the 2016 concerts:

This is a document about In the Air Tonight
  in to help develop Collins' demos that would become Face Value they recreated the "Intruder" sound using the reverse talkback microphone as well as heavily compressed and gated ambient mics. Padgham continued working with Genesis for Abacab later in 1981 and the same technique (generally referred to as gated reverb) was used, and the powerful drum sound has become synonymous with later Genesis projects and Collins' solo career ever since. The original single version of "In the Air Tonight" features extra drums that play underneath the song until the signature drum crash (referred to by fans as the "magic break") appears. These were added at the suggestion of Atlantic Records head Ahmet

This is a document about Gorilla (advertisement)
  at the Advertising Creative Circle Awards 2008, Gold at the International ANDY Awards, Black and Yellow Pencils at the D&AD Awards 2008, Gold at the Clio Awards 2008, Bronze at the One Show 2008, the FAB Award 2008, Gold at the Fair Go Ad Awards 2008, and the Film Grand Prix Lion at Cannes Lions 2008, widely considered the most prestigious prize within the advertising community. VH1 Classic UK also made an ident which shows a man play "In The Air Tonight", and when the famous drum solo comes on, he holds a pair of drumsticks and bangs the pillows in front of him in the tune of the drum solo.

This is a document about Phil Collins
  In another conversation in 2014, Portnoy lauded his "amazing progressive drumming" back in the early and mid-1970s. Rush drummer Neil Peart praised his "beautiful drumming" and "lovely sound" on the 1973 Genesis album Selling England by the Pound, which he called "an enduring masterpiece of drumming". Marco Minnemann, drummer for artists including Joe Satriani and Steven Wilson, described Collins as "brilliant" for the way "he composes his parts, and the sounds he gets". He said, "Phil is almost like John Bonham to me. I hear his personality, his perspective." He singled out the drumming on "In the Air Tonight" as an example of "ten notes that everybody knows" and concluded "Phil is a insanely talented drummer." Other drummers who have cited

This is a document about Gorilla (advertisement)
  actor appeared as Bollo in a viral video auditioning for the Cadbury advert to promote the third series of the show. This video was later included as an Easter egg on the DVD release of series three. There was much speculation when the advert first appeared on how it was made – whether the gorilla was real, animatronic or a man in a suit. Many believed that Phil Collins himself was the drummer. When asked about Gorilla, Collins jokingly commented, "Not only is he a better drummer than me, he also has more hair. Can he sing too?" "In the Air Tonight" became a popular online download following its appearance in

Phil Collins played the drums on "In the Air Tonight."


Question: who wrote the song come to my window

Answer: Melissa Etheridge

This is a document about Come to My Window
  "Come to My Window" is a song by Melissa Etheridge released as the second single from her 1993 album Yes I Am. This was the first song to become a hit after Etheridge publicly announced that she was a lesbian. With the driving force of gay rights, the song gained a lot of airplay on radio stations, mostly through call-in requests. The song debuted on the Billboard charts after the first week of its release, reaching number 25 on the chart. The song also charted in Canada, reaching number 13 on the RPM Top Singles chart. It was the second song from Etheridge that earned her a Grammy Award for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance.

This is a document about From a Window
  "From a Window" is a song written by Paul McCartney, attributed to John Lennon and Paul McCartney, which was recorded by Billy J. Kramer with The Dakotas. It was the last of six Lennon–McCartney compositions recorded by Kramer. Kramer recorded the song on 29 May 1964 at Abbey Road Studios. George Martin produced the session, which was attended by Lennon and McCartney. McCartney can be heard at the very end of the song, harmonizing on the final word. "From a Window" was released as a single in the UK on 17 July 1964. Its peak in August at no. 10 indicated an abrupt drop in

This is a document about Sunflower (The Beach Boys album)
  "At My Window" is a song by Brian and Jardine about the birds in Brian's backyard. It evolved from a rendition of "Raspberry, Strawberries", a Wilt Holt composition that was recorded by the Kingston Trio. The lyrics were written by Jardine. He commented: "That was probably one of my first efforts at involving the other guys. ... I have this dim recollection of writing it and Bruce singing it and Brian trying to speak French in it. It had a nice tone to it. We had an accordion player come in and play some beautiful things on it."

This is a document about She Came In Through the Bathroom Window
  "She Came In Through the Bathroom Window" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles from their 1969 album Abbey Road. Written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney, it is the fifth song of the album's climactic B-side medley, immediately following "Polythene Pam".

This is a document about Come to My Window
  hits album that out of all songs she has written, "Come to My Window" is the one that surprises her the most, and that she almost did not put it on the album. She states that while she wrote the song, she did not realize what she was actually writing and that it was not before meeting Tammy Lynn Michaels that she understood what this song means to other people. She also says that it has the best musical bridge part of all her songs. The sound effect at the beginning was created by Mauricio Fritz Lewak who put coins inside of a pair of clash cymbals. This song was also about her girlfriend at the time.

This is a document about Come to My Window
  Etheridge performed "Come to My Window" during The Concert for New York City, the benefit concert following the September 11, 2001 attacks. The song was played by the World Wrestling Federation in the background of a tribute to wrestler Owen Hart who died during a match.

This is a document about Come to My Window
  In 1997, The John Tesh Project featuring Brandon Fields on saxophone, covered the song from their album "Sax All Night." In the American Dad! episode, "Standard Deviation", Etheridge is an alter ego of Roger and Stan plays a record of Roger singing "Come to My Window".

This is a document about The Cat in the Window (The Bird in the Sky)
 1The Turtles recording "Cat in the Window" was first released on the 1970 album The Turtles! More Golden Hits. ; 2Clark did record at least one more track for Koppelman-Rubin: another Bonner/Gordon composition entitled "Nana". The track remains unreleased. "The Cat in the Window (The Bird in the Sky)" is a song with words and music by Gary Bonner and Alan Gordon which was a 1967 single for Petula Clark. In the spring of 1967, Clark had had her biggest hit ever with "This is My Song" her first single since "Downtown" in 1964, not written and produced by Tony Hatch, whose 1966 collaborations with Clark had failed

This is a document about John Jacob Niles
  Away". On other occasions, he transcribed songs he heard sung by African Americans and by fellow soldiers in World War I. Niles was also a noted songwriter. His songs, many based on traditional sources, include "Venezuela," and the haunting Christmas song "I Wonder As I Wander." Henry Miller's Plexus includes a powerful tribute to Niles's recording of this song. Niles composed "Go 'Way From My Window" when he was just 16 years old, but did not perform it until 1930. Marlene Dietrich recorded it and sang it on stage. Bob Dylan quoted its first line in his song "It Ain't Me Babe." His

This is a document about Non-lexical vocables in music
  come up with a good lyric for the opening line; Sedaka's first recording of the song was such a success that they made it a trademark for their next several songs, including "Next Door to an Angel" and "Happy Birthday Sweet Sixteen." (Sedaka and Greenfield had become so attached to the idea that when Sedaka dissolved his partnership with Greenfield in the early 1970s, he labeled his final album with him The Tra-La Days Are Over.) It has also appeared in various genres of rock music. Jim Morrison of The Doors sings a chorus of slow scat on the song "Cars Hiss By My Window", trying to replicate a harmonica solo he had

This is a document about The Window (song cycle)
  The Window; or, The Songs of the Wrens is a song cycle by Arthur Sullivan with words by Alfred, Lord Tennyson. Written in 1867–70, it was eventually published in 1871. There are multiple versions of the title: On the cover of the 1871 edition, the subtitle is given as "The Loves of the Wrens", however, "Songs of the Wrens" is used on the frontispiece and is the one generally used.

This is a document about We Run the Night
  the Night" completed the longest climb to the chart's upper half in fourteen years and the third-longest overall, after Edwin McCain's song "I'll Be" which took 22 weeks in 1998, and the Melissa Etheridge track "Come to My Window" taking 20 weeks in 1994. It also peaked at number 48 in Canada. As of September 2012, the song has sold 1,000,000 digital copies in the US. Robert Copsey from Digital Spy marveled at the single's worldwide commercial success, "The track - which has had over 18 million hits on YouTube - has already entered the charts all over the world, peaking at number five in Australia and number 26 on the Billboard Hot 100."

This is a document about Erin Markey
  full rock band, Markey as Phelps-Roper sings such 'hits' as 'Death in Your Window,' a parody of Melissa Etheridge's 'Come to My Window,' and 'Stinky Freak,' known in non-heelish circles as 'Super Freak.' She's [sic] accompanied by a trio of backup singers and dancers in full-on cabaret mode." From 2013 to 2014, Markey's show Erin Markey ran at Joe's Pub. Jarrett Earnest, writing about the show, observed that "Markey plays 'Erin Markey' as an outsized persona through autobiographical sketches interlaced with musical numbers—a tried and true nightclub strategy. The songs, usually contemporary pop songs, are performed with an intensity that unravels them." Asked about their work in Erin Markey, Markey explained, "It's funny to

This is a document about Statik Selektah production discography
 00. "My Window"

This is a document about I'm Looking out the Window
  "I'm Lookin' out the Window" is a ballad written by Don Raye and John Jacob Niles. Peggy Lee first recorded the song as a B-side for her 1959 single "Hallelujah, I Love Him So". The song is best known as a hit record for Cliff Richard in 1962 in numerous countries, although not in the United States. The authorship of the song has not always been clear. Peggy Lee's original release on Capitol Records was credited to Don Raye. Cliff Richard's release on Columbia was credited to John Jacob Niles. The Songwriter's Hall of Fame now credits it to both.

This is a document about Here Comes the Sun
  "Here Comes the Sun" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles from their 1969 album Abbey Road. It was written by George Harrison and is one of his best-known compositions. Harrison wrote the song in early 1969 at the country house of his friend Eric Clapton, where Harrison had chosen to play truant for the day to avoid attending a meeting at the Beatles' Apple Corps organisation. The lyrics reflect his relief at the arrival of spring and the temporary respite he was experiencing from the band's business affairs. As of August 2021, it was the most streamed Beatles song on Spotify globally. The Beatles recorded "Here Comes the Sun"

This is a document about The Window Up Above
  "The Window Up Above" is a song written and originally recorded by American country music artist George Jones. The version recorded by Jones peaked at number #2 on the country charts and spent a total of 34 weeks on the chart. It became a #1 smash for Mickey Gilley in 1975.

This is a document about Live Close By, Visit Often
  Live Close By, Visit Often contained a total of 12 tracks. Seven of its songs were written (or co-written) by Oslin, including the title track. Malo received songwriting credits on three of the album's songs, including the title track. However, Oslin receives full songwriting credits on two of the album's tracks: "Mexico Road" and "Neva Sawyer." Jim Abbott of the Orlando Sentinel described "Neva Sawyer" as "a modern-day folk tale about a circus high-wire walker with a naughty streak." The remaining five tunes were cover versions of songs first recorded by others. Included are covers of American standards, such as Rosemary Clooney's "Come on-a My House." Oslin's version was re-created in a new style that included pieces of electronic dance music. The additional covers featured string instrumentation, which was similar to the way the songs were first recorded. Cole Porter's "What Is This Thing Called Love?," Helen Morgan's "Mean to Me," and "If You Were the Only Boy in the World" all received this musical style.

This is a document about Come to Me (Marv Johnson song)
  In 1958, Marv Johnson was singing with a local group the Serenaders in Detroit. It was while performing at a carnival in Michigan that Johnson was noted by rising record label impresario Berry Gordy, who was looking to sign acts into his fledgling company. Originally the label was to be called Tammy Records, which he named after the Debbie Reynolds hit, "Tammy", that is until a record label of the same name took notice, forcing Gordy to alter the name to Tamla Records. After discovering Johnson, he convinced him to sign with Tamla and in February 1959, the 20-year-old Johnson co-wrote and recorded the song, "Come to Me". Gordy assembled several musicians, including bassist James Jamerson and drummer Benny Benjamin, and background vocalists the Rayber Voices, to contribute to the song with Johnson.

This is a document about List of compositions by Arthur Sullivan
 The Window; or, The Song of the Wrens (1871 song cycle)

The song "Come to My Window" was written by Melissa Etheridge.


Question: what is the name of south africa 's first monopoly telecommunications provider

Answer: Telkom

This is a document about Telkom (South Africa)
  The first use of telecommunication in South Africa happened in April 1860 was a single line telegraph connecting Cape Town and Simonstown. In 1879, the first undersea links were introduced, first connecting Durban and Europe. In the 1960s, South Africa was connected to 72 nations and total outgoing annual international calls numbered over 28,800. In 1994, South Africa launched its mobile operations, underwritten by Telkom in partnership with Vodafone. This subsidiary grew to be Vodacom, which Telkom sold in late 2008 in preference for its own 3G network (established as 8ta, but now Telkom Mobile). Vodacom has a subscriber base of more than 45M, with an average revenue per user of more than R60 across both

This is a document about Telephone numbers in South Africa
 Telecommunications in South Africa ; Internet in South Africa

This is a document about Telecommunications in South Africa
  The first use of telecommunication in the Republic of South Africa was a single line telegraph connecting Cape Town and Simonstown. The first telegraph was launched on 2 December 1859, and the Cape of Good Hope Telegraph Company opened the line in April 1860. At about the time of the Bell Telephone Company's development of the telephone industry post-1876, early undersea telegraph links were introduced, first connecting Durban and Europe, and later connecting the country to the rest of the world. In 1879, the first submarine cable system that connected South Africa with Europe started to work, through the East Coast cable of the South African Telegraph Company, a

This is a document about Economy of South Africa
  The domestic telecommunications infrastructure provides modern and efficient service to urban and rural areas. This includes cellular and internet services from 5G to Gigabit Broadband. In 1997, Telkom, the South African telecommunications parastatal, was partly privatised and entered into a strategic equity partnership with a consortium of SBC (AT&T), in exchange for a monopoly to provide certain services for 5 years. Telkom assumed an obligation to facilitate network modernisation and expansion into the unserved areas. A Second Network Operator, Neotel was to be licensed to compete with Telkom across its spectrum of services in 2002. Licensing officially began in late 2005. Five mobile-phone companies provide service to over 50 million subscribers, with South Africa considered to have the 4th most advanced mobile telecommunications network worldwide. The five major cellular providers are Vodacom, MTN, Cell C(Vodacom), Telkom Mobile(8.ta) and Rain, with Neotel owned by Liquid Telecoms not offering mobile service anymore. South African companies which provide services related to the Space industry, also increasing, and with the correct government legislation and support, this sector is expected to grow in South Africa.

This is a document about Telecommunications in South Africa
  recently begun operating under the name, Neotel. South Africa has four licensed mobile operators: MTN, Vodacom (majority owned by the UK’s Vodafone), Cell C (75% owned by Saudi Oger, an international telecommunications holdings firm), and 8ta, a subsidiary of Telkom. In 2012, mobile penetration was estimated at more than 10%, one of the highest rates in the world. In 2019, mobile penetration reached 95%. Mobile market in South Africa is controlled by four cellular providers: Vodacom, MTN, Cell C, Telkom (Mobile), which is run by Telkom, With Vodacom and MTN controlling the 75% of the market share, ICASA considers that mobile brand services are highly concentrated in the country. a new provider, Rain launched in 2018 providing majority data only services to consumers.

This is a document about Telecommunications in South Africa
  The Independent Communications Authority (ICASA) currently licenses more than 400 independent operators with the Electronic Communications Network License (with the ability to self-provision) as well as issuing Electronic Communications Service Licenses for service deployment over infrastructure in the retail domain. Telkom is no longer the single operator in South Africa, and faces competition from the second Fixed Network Operator Licensee, Neotel, as well as the four mobile operators, Vodacom, MTN, Cell-C and Rain. However, it still receives criticisms (see later) from smaller operators and the Competition Commission for setting South African broadband pricing in its favour. In 2020, MTN, Vodacom and Rain launched 5G network in South Africa.

This is a document about South African wireless community networks
  South Africa has the best developed and most modern telephone system in Africa. There are almost 110 combined fixed-line and cellular telephones per 100 persons. There are 5.1 million Internet users. The network is 99.9% digital. The fixed-line monopoly of Telkom SA, a listed company in which the government is the largest shareholder, expired with the licensing of Neotel as South Africa's second national operator, starting operations in November 2007. Neotel is licensed to provide the entire range of telecoms services with the exception of full mobility. Neotel is expanding their network fast, but so far is concentrating on urban areas. The South African mobile communications market is growing fast. The country's

This is a document about Mass media in South Africa
  In comparison with the rest of Africa, this sector is fairly big and robust. However, it is dominated by the fixed line monopoly Telkom, which has been criticised in recent years for hampering further growth. Telephone and internet access is also available via mobile network operators, such as Vodacom and MTN, but is an even more expensive option.

This is a document about Neotel
  Neotel, previously SNO Telecommunications, is the second national operator (SNO) for fixed line telecommunication services in South Africa. It was unveiled on 31 August 2006 in Kyalami in northern Johannesburg. Neotel is South Africa's first direct telecommunications competitor to the current telecommunications parastatal, Telkom. The new company announced its business services on 15 November 2007 and its consumer services in May 2008. Its business services include local and international leased line services, as well as a suite of voice, data (VPN), and Internet offerings delivered over its converged, next-generation network. International Transit services for wholesale customers have been available since September 2006. They plan to use wireless broadband technologies, amongst others, which not only allows data transfers but also voice in the form of VOIP. The arrival of a competitor is said to bring competitive pricing in terms of high speed internet (avg. 250 kbit/s to 750 kbit/s CDMA2000), broadband through WiMax, and later high speed broadband (xDSL and Fibre). For many years South Africa had only one telecommunications service, Telkom, which is partly government owned and partly private owned, but now for the first time people will have a choice of telecommunication services.

This is a document about Telkom Mobile
  Telkom (previously known as Telkom Mobile or 8.ta, changing from 8ta in 2013 ) is a South African mobile telecommunications company. Telkom Mobile was launched in October 2010 and is owned by Telkom. Telkom phone numbers use the 0811 to 0819 dialling prefixes. Telkom Mobile's competition in South Africa includes MTN, Vodacom, Cell C and Rain

This is a document about Telecommunications in South Africa
  calls numbered over 28,800. Telkom was incorporated on 30 September 1991 as a public limited liability company registered under the South African Companies Act, 61 of 1973, as amended. In 1993 GSM was demonstrated for the first time in Africa at Telkom '93 in Cape Town. In 1994 the first GSM networks in Africa were launched in South Africa. In 1994, South Africa launched a mobile operations, underwritten by Telkom in partnership with Vodafone, with 36,000 active customer on the network. This subsidiary grew to be Vodacom, which Telkom sold in late 2008 in preference for its own 3G network. Vodacom has a subscriber base of more than R45M,

This is a document about Telecommunications in Eswatini
  Eswatini is one of the last countries in the world to abolish an almost complete monopoly in all sectors of its telecommunications market. Until 2011, the state-owned operator, Eswatini Posts and Telecommunications (EPTC), also acted as the industry regulator and had a stake in the country's sole mobile network, in partnership with South Africa's MTN Group. In a bid to enter the mobile market independently, SPTC transferred its stake in MTN and the regulatory authority to the government. In return, Swazi MTN received a 3G licence and the right to provide its own backbone network and international gateway. However, proposals have been made to reinstate SPTC's monopoly on the national backbone and the international gateway, and MTN is challenging SPTC in the courts over its move into the mobile market.

This is a document about Internet in South Africa
  Vodacom Group Limited (operating as Vodacom) is a South African mobile communications company, providing service to over 55 million customers. Founded in South Africa, Vodacom has grown its operations to include networks in 32 other African countries. Vodacom South Africa provides 2G,3G, 4G, and UMTS networks in South Africa. They also offers HSPA+ (21.1 Mbit/s), HSUPA (42 Mbit/s, 2100 MHz), Wi-Fi, WiMAX, and LTE services. Vodacom was the first cellular provider to introduce LTE in South Africa and on 7 April 2017, Vodacom's 4G+ network in Brooklyn Mall, Pretoria achieved 240 Mbit/s in a speed test. In late 2020 Vodacom also became the second network operator in Africa to publicly launch a live 5G network, initially available in Johannesburg, Pretoria and Cape Town.

This is a document about Neotel
  In 2001, an amendment to the Telecommunications Act was made that allowed for the creation of a competitor to South Africa's largest telecommunications operator, Telkom. The initial shareholders of the Second National Operator (SNO) were identified as Eskom and Transnet. In early 2002, bidding started for the remaining stakes in the SNO. The Shareholder's agreement was signed on 15 August 2005. Following the signing, the licence terms and conditions were finalized in March 2006, and the company officially launched in August 2006. In May 2014 a buyout offer of ZAR 7 Billion from cellular network Vodacom was accepted by shareholders of both companies. Even though regulatory approval by the Independent Communications Authority of South Africa was obtained in 2015, the deal ultimately collapsed in March 2016 after competitors successfully challenged the transfer of Neotel's licenses and spectrum in court. In June 2016, Tata Communications announced that it had sold its stake in Neotel to Liquid Telecom, which is majority owned by Econet Wireless Global, for US$428 million.

This is a document about Eskom
  Eskom is a South African electricity public utility. It was established in 1923 as the Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM) and also known by its Afrikaans name Elektrisiteitsvoorsieningskommissie (EVKOM), by the South African government and people of the Republic of South Africa in terms of the Electricity Act (1922). South Africa became a republic in the 1960s. Eskom represents South Africa in the Southern African Power Pool. The utility is the largest producer of electricity in Africa, and was among the top utilities in the world in terms of generation capacity and sales, but has since slipped in both categories. It is the largest of South Africa's state owned enterprises. Eskom operates a number of notable power stations, including Matimba Power Station and Medupi Power Station in Lephalale, Kusile Power Station in Witbank, Kendal Power Station, and Koeberg nuclear power station

This is a document about Telkom (South Africa)
  and urban subscribers. Vodacom, together with the other operators, have come under criticism in late 2009 by government and the public for high interconnect charges. In 2005, the Department of Communications redefined the Electronics Communications Act, which consolidated and redefined the landscape of telecommunications licensing in South Africa (both mobile and fixed). The Independent Communications Authority (ICASA) currently licenses more than 400 independent operators with the Electronic Communications Network License (with the ability to self-provision) as well as issuing Electronic Communications Service Licenses for service deployment over infrastructure in the retail domain. Nowadays, Telkom faces competition from the second Fixed Network Operator Licensee, Neotel, as well as the three mobile operators, Vodacom, MTN, and Cell-C.

This is a document about Independent Communications Authority of South Africa
  In South Africa, the first radio and television broadcasts were done in 1923 and 1976 respectively. The first Broadcasting Act was promulgated in 1936 and it established the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC) solely for radio broadcasting. In 1976, the Broadcasting Act was amended to include television broadcasting. The SABC acted as a state broadcaster and was used as a political propaganda instrument of the government to support its policies. The SABC had monopoly over the airwaves even though there were some free-to-air broadcasting services in the former Bantustans. These broadcasting services (like Radio Bop, Bop TV, Capital Radio and Radio 702) partially overlapped from the Bantustan areas into certain parts of South Africa. Telecommunications was provided and regulated by a monopoly parastatal, the South African Post and Telecommunications (SAPT). In the late 1980s, certain aspects of the telecommunications market were liberalised. The Private Automatic Branch Exchange (PABX) and Value-added Network Service (VANS) markets were opened up to competition.

This is a document about Monopoly
  central government. Telkom is a semi-privatised, part state-owned South African telecommunications company. Deutsche Telekom is a former state monopoly, still partially state owned. Deutsche Telekom currently monopolizes high-speed VDSL broadband network. The Long Island Power Authority (LIPA) provided electric service to over 1.1 million customers in Nassau and Suffolk counties of New York, and the Rockaway Peninsula in Queens. The Comcast Corporation is the largest mass media and communications company in the world by revenue. It is the largest cable company and home Internet service provider in the United States, and the nation's third largest home telephone service provider. Comcast has a monopoly in Boston, Philadelphia, and many other small towns across the US.

This is a document about Telecommunications in South Africa
  Telecommunications infrastructure in South Africa provides modern and efficient service to urban areas, including cellular and internet services. The Independent Communications Authority of South Africa (ICASA) is the watchdog of the telecommunications in the country. In 1997, Telkom, the South African telecommunications parastatal, was partly privatised and entered into a strategic equity partnership with a consortium of two companies, including SBC, a U.S. telecommunications company. In exchange for exclusivity (a monopoly) to provide certain services for 5 years, Telkom assumed an obligation to facilitate network modernisation and expansion into the unserved areas. A Second Network Operator was to be licensed to compete with Telkom across its spectrum of services in 2002, although this license was only officially handed over in late 2005 and

This is a document about Telkom Media
  South African fixed-line telephone operator Telkom announced the creation of Telkom Media in August 2006, when it also applied for commercial satellite and cable-subscription broadcast licenses from the Independent Communications Authority of South Africa. Shareholders in the company included Telkom, Videovision Entertainment, MSG Afrika Media and WDB Investment Holdings. In April 2007 the company said it was conducting an internal IPTV trial. The total investment in startup was to amount to R7-billion, with R3.5-billion due to be sourced from Telkom. Telkom Media received its licence in September 2007 in a process that included the award of three other new pay-TV licences.

The name of South Africa's first monopoly telecommunications provider was the South African Telecommunications (SAT) company.


Question: by what name is holi known in west bengal and orissa

Answer: Basanto utsav

This is a document about Holi
  Holi (होली, होळी, होली, ਹੋਲੀ, ಹೋಳಿ, హోళి) is also known as Phakuwa or Phagwah (ফাকুৱা), Festival of Colours, or Dola jātra (ଦୋଳଯାତ୍ରା) in Odisha, and as Dol Jatra (দ’ল যাত্ৰা) or Basanto utsav (বসন্ত উত্সব) ("Spring festival") in West Bengal and Assam. The customs and celebrations vary between regions of India. Holi is of particular significance in the Braj region, which includes locations traditionally associated with the Krishna: Mathura, Vrindavan, Nandgaon, Uttar Pradesh, and Barsana, which become touristic during the season of Holi. Outside India and Nepal, Holi is observed by Hindus in Bangladesh and Pakistan as well in countries with large Indian subcontinent diaspora populations such as Suriname, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, South Africa, Malaysia, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, Mauritius, and Fiji. The Holi rituals and customs outside South Asia also vary with local adaptations.

This is a document about Holi
  In West Bengal, Holi is known by the name of "Dol Jatra", "Dol Purnima" or the "Swing Festival". The festival is celebrated in a dignified manner by placing the icons of Radha and Krishna on a picturesquely decorated palanquin which is then taken round the main streets of the city or the village. On the Dol Purnima day in the early morning, students(mainly in Shantiniketan) dress up in saffron-coloured or pure white clothes and wear garlands of fragrant flowers. They sing and dance to the accompaniment of musical instruments, such as the ektara, dubri, and Veena. The devotees take turns to swing them while women dance around the swing and sing songs. During these activities, the people keep throwing coloured water and dry colours, abir, at them.

This is a document about Holi
  Holi is a popular ancient Indian festival, also known as the "Festival of Love", the "Festival of Colours" and the "Festival of Spring". The festival celebrates the eternal and divine love of Radha Krishna. It also signifies the triumph of good over the evil, as it celebrates the victory of Vishnu as Narasimha Narayana over Hiranyakashipu. It originated and is predominantly celebrated in India and Nepal but has also spread to other regions of Asia and parts of the Western world through the diaspora from the Indian subcontinent. Holi celebrates the arrival of spring, the end of winter, the blossoming of love and for many, it is a festive day to meet others, play

This is a document about Durga Puja
  In West Bengal, Odisha, Assam, and Tripura, Durga puja is also called Akalbodhan (literally, "untimely awakening of Durga"), Sharadiya pujo ("autumnal worship"), Sharodotsab ("festival of autumn"), Maha pujo ("grand puja"), Maayer pujo ("worship of the Mother"), Durga pujo, or merely Puja or Pujo. In Bangladesh, Durga puja has historically been celebrated as Bhagabati puja. Maa Durga is known as the Goddess of Power (feminine) which represents triumph of Goodness over evil. Durga puja is also referred to by the names of related Shakta Hindu festivals such as Navaratri, celebrated on the same days elsewhere in India; such as in Bihar, Jharkhand, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Kerala, and Maharashtra, Kullu dussehra, celebrated in Kullu Valley, Himachal Pradesh; Mysore dussehra celebrated in Mysore, Karnataka; Bommai golu, celebrated in Tamil Nadu; Bommala koluvu, celebrated in Andhra Pradesh; and Bathukamma, celebrated in Telangana.

This is a document about Holi
  The Holi festival is an ancient Hindu festival with its cultural rituals. It is mentioned in the Puranas, Dasakumara Charita, and by the poet Kālidāsa during the 4th century reign of Chandragupta II. The celebration of Holi is also mentioned in the 7th-century Sanskrit drama Ratnavali. The festival of Holi caught the fascination of European traders and British colonial staff by the 17th century. Various old editions of Oxford English Dictionary mention it, but with varying, phonetically derived spellings: Houly (1687), Hooly (1698), Huli (1789), Hohlee (1809), Hoolee (1825), and Holi in editions published after 1910. There are several cultural rituals associated with Holi:

This is a document about Hinduism in West Bengal
  Bengali Hindus in West Bengal observe a number of festivals, hence the Bengali proverb Baro Mase Tero Parbon (বারো মাসে তেরো পার্বণ). Birth Anniversary of Rabindranath Tagore which is celebrated as one of the major festivals of the state, Rathyatra and Janmashtami before the commencement of the autumnal festival season which starts with Vishwakarma Puja on the last day of Bengali month of Bhadra. The annual five-day Durga Puja is the biggest and most widely celebrated Hindu festival in West Bengal. Durga Puja is followed by Kojagari Lakshmi Puja, Kali Puja, Bhai Phonta, Jagaddhatri Puja and Kartik Puja. On 1 January Kalpataru Day is observed as an auspicious day associated with Ramakrishna Paramhansa. The winter solstice is celebrated a Paush Sankranti in mid January, followed by Netaji Jayanti or the birth anniversary of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose and Saraswati Puja. The spring festival of Holi is celebrated in the form of Dolyatra. The year ends with Charak Puja and Gajan.

This is a document about Dol Purnima
  Dol Purnima, Dol Jatra, Doul Utsov or Deul (দৌল উৎসৱ 'Doul Utsow' or দেউল 'Deul', ଦୋଳ ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣିମା 'Doḷa Purṇṇimā', দোল পূর্ণিমা 'Dol Purnimā') is a major Holi festival of the Indian state of West Bengal, Odisha and Assam. This festival is dedicated to Sri Krishna and mainly celebrated by Gopal community of Odisha. On this auspicious day, an idol of Krishna and his beloved Radha, richly adorned and besmeared with colored powder (Abir in Bengali, Odia and Assamese languages), is taken out in procession in a swinging palanquin, decorated with flowers, leaves, colored clothes and papers. The procession proceeds forward to the accompaniment

This is a document about Culture of West Bengal
  West Bengal is famous for its culture and festivals are an inevitable part of this culture. Some festivals are celebrated statewide, while others are local in nature. There are also various other village fairs and seasonal tribal festivals. Durga Puja is the biggest and most important festival of West Bengal, and it features colourful pandals, decorative idols of Hindu goddess Durga and her family, lighting decoration and immersion processions. Other major festivals are Kali Puja, Diwali, Holi, Saraswati Puja, Jagaddhatri Puja, Rath Jatra, Kojagori Lakshmi Puja, Vishwakarma Puja, Poush Parbon, Poila Boishakh, Christmas. Kolkata Book Fair, Kolkata International Film Festival and Dover Lane Music Festival are major annual cultural events of Kolkata, whereas Poush Mela, Ganga Sagar Mela, Jhapan are some of the major annual fairs of the state. The diverse ethnic populace of Darjeeling Himalayan hill region celebrates several local festivals such as Losar, Dusshera or Fulpati, Tihar, Ram Navami, Maghe Sankranti, Chotrul Duchen, Buddha Jayanti, Tendong Lho Rumfaat, Eid al-Fitr etc. West Bengal has a long tradition of popular literature, music and drama largely based on Bengali folklore and Hindu epics and Puranas.

This is a document about Kamrupi people
  Bihu, Durga Puja, Kali Puja, Diwali, Holi, Janmastami, Shivratri to name a few, are major festivals of the region. Muslims celebrate Eid. Though dance and music of the springtime Bihu from Eastern Assam was not as common in the past they are becoming popular now; in its stead "Bhatheli" in northern Kamrup, "Sori" or "Suanri" in southern Kamrup were traditional modes of celebrations. In certain areas the breakers of the "bhatheli-ghar" come from another village, resulting in a sort of mock fight between them and the local youth. In the southern part of Kamrup, where the festival is known as Sori, planting of tall bamboos is not seen, but bamboo posts, with the tuft at the top. People bow before the bamboos in northern Kamrup and they also touch them with reverence, but it does not look like any sort of bamboo worship. The common popular term to designate the three festivals corresponding to Bihu of Eastern Assam, in Western Assam, except in West Goalpara, is "Domahi", e.g., "Baihagar Domahi", "Maghar Domahi" and "Katir Domahi".

This is a document about Barrackpore
 Poyla Boishakh or Bengali New Year (14/15 April) ; Rath Yatra (July) ; Mahalaya and Durga Puja (September/October) ; Lakshmi Puja (October) ; Kali Puja and Deepawali  (October/November) ; Chhat puja (October/November) ; Saraswati Puja (February/March) ; Dol Purnima or Dol Yatra (February/March) ; Holi (February/March) ; Ram Navami (April) ; Annapurna Puja (April) in shiv shakti Annapurna Temple,Barrackpore ; Muharram ; Barrackpore Biriyani is also very famous among people of West Bengal. If coming to Barrackpore, must try Dada Boudi and D.Bapi biriyani. Some of the popular festivals in Barrackpore includes

This is a document about Makar Sankranti
  In West Bengal, Sankranti, also known as Poush Sankranti named after the Bengali month in which it falls (last date of that month), is celebrated as a harvest festival Poush Parbon (Bengali: পৌষ পার্বণ). (It falls on 14 January on the Western calendar.) The freshly harvested paddy and the date palm syrup in the form of Khejurer Gur (Bengali: খেজুরের গুড়)and Patali (Bengali: পাটালি ) is used in the preparation of a variety of traditional Bengali sweets made with rice flour, coconut, milk and 'khejurer gur' (date palm jaggery) and known as 'Pitha' (Bengali: পিঠে). All sections of society participate in a three-day festival that begins on the day before Sankranti and ends on the day after. The Goddess Lakshmi is usually worshipped on the day of Sankranti. In the Himalayan regions of Darjeeling, the festival is as known as Magey Sakrati. It is distinctly associated with the worship of Lord Shiva. Traditionally, people bathe at sunrise and then commence their pooja. Elsewhere, many people take a dip in places like Ganga Sagar (the point where the river Ganges meets the Bay of Bengal). Ganga Sagar falls in West Bengal.

This is a document about Hinduism in West Bengal
  Majority of Bengali Hindus follow Shaktism (the Kalikula tradition), minority—Vaishnavism (Gaudiya Vaishnavism, Vaishnava-Sahajiya, Bauls). Shaktas belong to the upper castes as well as lowest castes and tribes, while the lower middle castes are Vaishnavas. The main devis of the Kalikula tradition are Kali, Chandi, Bheema, Durga, as well as regional goddesses such as Bishahari and Manasa, the snake goddesses, Shashthi, the protectress of children, Shitala, the smallpox goddess, and Umā (the Bengali name for Parvati). Jagadhatri, Lakshmi and Saraswati), Shiva, Ganesha, Vishwakarma, Krishna, Rama, Jagannath and Vishnu are the other popular and widely worshipped Hindu deities in West Bengal. Durga Puja is the biggest and most important festival of the Hindus in West Bengal, as well as the most significant festival of the state in general. Kali Puja is the second major festival of the community and it corresponds to the pan-Indian festival of Diwali. Other major festivals include Kojagari Lakshmi Puja, Dolyatra, Jagaddhatri Puja, Rathayatra, Saraswati Puja, Poila Baishakh, Vishwakarma Puja, Gajan, Poush Parban etc.

This is a document about Holi
  Holi is called as Kamuni Punnami/Kama Purnima or Jajiri in Telugu. Hindus celebrate Holi as it relates to the legend of Kamadeva. Holi is also known by different names: Kamavilas, Kamuni Panduga and Kama-Dahanam. It is a 10 day festival in Telangana, of which last two days are of great importance. As in other parts of India, in rural Telangana, the 9 days preceding Holi, children celebrate kamuda by playing Kolata sticks along with singing folk songs called jajiri and collect money, rice, corn and wood. For this reason Holi is well known for "Jajiri Paatalu Kamudi aatalu", which means festival of "Jajiri songs and Kamudi games" and on 9th night i.e Holy eve, all the wood is put together and set on fire representing Kama Dahanam. Next morning i.e 10th day is celebrated as Holi, with colours traditionally extracted from Moduga/Gogu Flowers (Palash/Butea monosperma).

This is a document about West Bengal
  glamorous carnival than a religious festival. Today people of diverse religious and ethnic backgrounds partake in the festivities. On Vijayadashami, the last day of the festival, the effigies are paraded through the streets with riotous pageantry before being dumped into the rivers. Rath Yatra is a Hindu festival which celebrates Jagannath, a form of Krishna. It is celebrated with much fanfare in Kolkata as well as in rural Bengal. Images of Jagannath are set upon a chariot and pulled through the streets. Other major festivals of West Bengal include: Poila Baishakh the Bengali new year, Dolyatra or Holi the festival of lights, Poush Parbon, Kali Puja, Nabadwip Shakta Rash,

This is a document about Radha
  Holi, one of the major Hindu festival, also called festival of love and festival of colors also celebrates the divine and eternal love of Radha and Krishna. Mathura and Vrindavan are known for their Holi celebrations. According to popular legend associated with Radha Krishna, as a child, Krishna would cry to his mother Yashoda about Radha being fair while he had a dark complexion. His mother then advised him to smear colour of his choice on Radha's face, thus giving birth to Braj ki Holi. It is said that every year, Lord Krishna would travel from his village Nandgaon to Goddess Radha's village Barsana, where Radha and the gopis would playfully beat him with sticks. In present times, Holi celebrations in Barsana begin one week before the actual date of the festival, moving to Nandgaon the next day. In Mathura and Vrindavan, the festival is celebrated in different forms like Lathmar Holi in Barsana and Nandgaon, where sticks are used to create playful beats, to which young men and women dance; Phoolon wali Holi in Gulaal Kund near the Govardhan Hill, during which Ras Leela is performed and Holi is played with colourful flowers and Widow's Holi in Vrindavan.

This is a document about Festivals in Kolkata
  Kolkata (or Calcutta) has many festivals throughout the year. Durga Puja is the largest festival of West Bengal, and it features colourful pandals, decorative idols of Hindu goddess Durga and her family, lighting decorations and fireworks. Other major festivals are Diwali, Kali Puja, Holi, Saraswati Puja, Poush Parbon, Poila Boishakh, etc.

This is a document about Festivals of Odisha
  It also known as Dola Yatra (ଦୋଳ ଯାତ୍ରା, a five-day long Dola Purnima festival celebrated with pomp and fervor across the state. Followed by Dola Purnima comes Holi. On this day, the Odia calendar becomes ready and is offered to the deity Jagannath, who is also known as "Dolagovinda". The celebration is mostly celebrated in Villages where Idols of Krishna and Radha come to a common place.

This is a document about Holi
  Holi is an important spring festival for Hindus, a national holiday in India and Nepal with regional holidays in other countries. To many Hindus and some non-Hindus, it is a playful cultural event and an excuse to throw coloured water at friends or strangers in jest. It is also observed broadly in the Indian subcontinent. Holi is celebrated at the end of winter, on the last full moon day of the Hindu luni-solar calendar month marking the spring, making the date vary with the lunar cycle. The date falls typically in March, but sometimes late February of the Gregorian calendar. The festival has many purposes; most prominently, it celebrates the beginning

This is a document about Kamadeva
  Holi is a Hindu festival, celebrated in the Indian subcontinent. It is sometimes called Madana-Mahotsava or Kama-Mahotsava. This festival is mentioned by Jaimini, in his early writings such as Purvamimamsa-sutra, dated c.400 BC. The Ashoka tree is often planted near temples. The tree is said to be a symbol of love and is dedicated to Kamadeva.

This is a document about Glossary of Indian culture
 Danda nata: One of the important dance festivals organized in different parts of South Orissa, particularly in the Ganjam District. Held in the month of Chaitra. ; Deva Devali: A Jain festival, which takes place during the month of Kartik around the full moon day (Purnima). This usually falls in October/November. The festival celebrates the enlightenment of Lord Mahavira, the last of the Jain Tirthankar. ; Dhanu Jatra: A famous festival celebrated in Bargarh of Koshal region or Western Orissa. It is about the episode of Krishna and Balaram's visit to Mathura to witness the ceremony of 'Bow' organised by their mama Kansa or Kamsa. ; Dol Purnima: In Bengal and Orissa, Holi is celebrated as Dol Purnima. ; Dree: An agricultural rite observed by the Apatanis in Arunachal Pradesh. It involves the sacrifice of fowls, eggs and animals to the Gods - Tamu, Metii and Danyi Pilo(Sun

In West Bengal, Holi is known as "Dol Jatra" or "Dol Purnima," and in Orissa, it is known as "Dol Purnima" or "Dol Yatra."


Question: who won the first ever strictly come dancing

Answer: Natasha Kaplinsky

This is a document about Red Nose Day 2015
  Starting on Wednesday 25 February 2015, Tess Daly and Claudia Winkleman hosted the first ever Strictly Come Dancing that was open to members of the public. Airing on Wednesday nights at 9pm, the first two episodes showed the six nominated members of the public finding out they had won a place on the show, followed by their training in ballroom dancing. On Wednesday 11 March at 9pm, all six couples will perform live, with the winner being crowned on Red Nose Day Night, Friday 13 March 2015. The judging panel consists of Len Goodman, Bruno Tonioli, Darcey Bussell and Anton Du Beke. It was announced on Red Nose Day Night that Cassidy Little and Natalie Lowe had won the first 'The People's Strictly'.

This is a document about Strictly Come Dancing (series 1)
  Strictly Come Dancing aired its first series on BBC One from 15 May 2004. The series was presented by Bruce Forsyth and Tess Daly. The judging panel was Craig Revel Horwood, Arlene Phillips, Len Goodman and Bruno Tonioli. On 3 July 2004, Natasha Kaplinsky and her partner, Brendan Cole were crowned series champions.

This is a document about Strictly Come Dancing
  In Spring 2004, Strictly Come Dancing commenced its first series. The professional dancers were Brendan Cole, Hanna Karttunen, Anton Du Beke, Erin Boag, John Byrnes, Paul Killick, Camilla Dallerup and Kylie Jones. This was the only series to air in the Spring/Summer (as of series 2, the programme airs from September/October to December each year). Natasha Kaplinsky and Brendan Cole were crowned the first winners. At 8 weeks, this was the shortest series.

This is a document about Strictly Come Dancing (South African TV series)
  The first season of Strictly Come Dancing aired from 4 February to 25 March 2006. A second season was ordered immediately based on the success of the first, and began just four months later, in August.

This is a document about Pasha Kovalev
  dances. Flack and Kovalev were also the first to receive a perfect score for all three of their dances in the final. With Roberts, Kovalev holds the record for most maximum scores of 40, by any couple, with five. Key Kovalev has received the highest score in the history of Strictly Come Dancing for ten of the show's eighteen dance styles and is the only Strictly professional dancer to receive the perfect score for the Paso Doble and the first to receive it for the Tango. Furthermore, he has received a ten from at least one of the judges for all of the show's dance styles, except the Waltz. He holds the record for the highest score ever

This is a document about Gillingham, Kent
  Strictly Come Dancing ; James McCudden – World War I flying ace ; Fernley Marrison – first-class cricketer and British Army officer ; Brian Moore – sport commentator and journalist ; Stel Pavlou – novelist and screenwriter ; Gary Rhodes – chef and restaurateur ; Vaughan Smith – journalist (founder of Frontline Club), organic farmer who is giving refuge to Julian Assange ; R. N. Taber – poet and novelist ; Rosemary Tonks, poet and novelist, born in Gillingham ; Rik Waller – singer, seen on reality TV show Pop Idol in 2003. ; Ryan Bertrand – UEFA Champions League winner with Chelsea FC ; Dee Murray – bass player with Elton John ; Paul Nihill – Four-time Olympian, European champion, Olympic silver medallist and world record holding racewalker

This is a document about Mark Ramprakash
  In 2006, Ramprakash and Karen Hardy won the BBC's Strictly Come Dancing, beating Matt Dawson, former England rugby player, and Lilia Kopylova in the final. Ramprakash was the second consecutive cricketer to win the show, following former England team mate Darren Gough. In a special edition of Strictly Come Dancing for Sport Relief on 14 March 2008, Ramprakash and partner Kara Tointon were the winners after performing a samba. In 2008, he appeared on a special Strictly Come Dancing episode of The Weakest Link, being the fifth voted off. Ramprakash was on the books of Watford F.C. as a schoolboy,

This is a document about 2016 British Academy Television Awards
 Strictly Come Dancing won its first BAFTA this year.

This is a document about Strictly Come Dancing (series 2)
  Strictly Come Dancing returned for its second series on 23 October 2004 on BBC One. Bruce Forsyth and Tess Daly returned to present the main show on BBC One, while Claudia Winkleman presented a new spin-off show called Strictly Come Dancing: It Takes Two on BBC Two. Series 1 winner Natasha Kaplinsky filled in for Daly during the first five weeks due to maternity leave. Len Goodman, Bruno Tonioli, Craig Revel Horwood and Arlene Phillips returned to the judging panel. The winner was actress Jill Halfpenny along with her dancing partner Darren Bennett, and their Jive in the final was the first dance to score a perfect 40 in the show's history.

This is a document about Strictly Come Dancing
  for their Cha-Cha-Cha. Eleven individual scores of 1 have been awarded over the entirety of Strictly Come Dancing, with ten of those coming from Craig Revel Horwood and the other coming from Arlene Phillips. Ann Widdecombe holds the current record for the most 1s, receiving them from Horwood for her Salsa, Samba, and Rumba. The biggest margin of points awarded between two individual judges' scores is 5, awarded to Jason Wood and Kylie Jones for their Rumba (2,5,7,5), Christopher Parker and Hanna Karttunen for their Tango (2,6,7,6), Fiona Phillips and Brendan Cole for their Rumba (1,2,6,4), Gary Rhodes and Karen

This is a document about Come Dancing
  Come Dancing is a British ballroom dancing competition show that ran on and off on the BBC from 1949 to 1998, becoming one of television's longest-running shows. Unlike its follow-up show, Strictly Come Dancing, contestants were not celebrities. The show was created by Eric Morley, the founder of Miss World, and began in 1949 by broadcasting from regional ballroom studios, with professional dancers Syd Perkin and Edna Duffield on hand to offer teaching. In 1953, the format changed to become a competition, with later series seeing regions of the United Kingdom going head to head for the coveted trophy. The many presenters over the years included Peter

This is a document about Come Dancing
  McDonald Hobley, Charles Nove, Terry Wogan, Brian Johnston, Angela Rippon, Michael Aspel, Noel Edmonds, David Jacobs, Judith Chalmers, Pete Murray and Rosemarie Ford. Commentators included Ray Moore and Bruce Hammal. In 2004, a relaunched celebrity version entitled Strictly Come Dancing, hosted by Bruce Forsyth (2004–13), Tess Daly and Claudia Winkleman (2014–) debuted on BBC One, and became a success with Saturday evening audiences. The title is an amalgamation of the titles of both the 1992 Australian film Strictly Ballroom and Come Dancing. The format of the newer show has been successfully exported to other countries as Dancing with the Stars or similar names in local languages.

This is a document about Brendan Cole
  Highest and lowest scoring performances per dance Cole appeared in the first 15 series BBC One's Strictly Come Dancing, announcing in January 2018 that his contract had not been renewed. In the debut series of Strictly Come Dancing, Cole's celebrity partner was BBC newsreader and presenter Natasha Kaplinsky. They went on to win the show. In the second series, he was partnered with Casualty actress Sarah Manners. However, they became the fifth couple to leave the competition. During the 2004 Christmas Special Cole once again partnered Kaplinsky and they came in second place dancing a Foxtrot. In Series 3 Cole was then

This is a document about Strictly Come Dancing
  Television presenter Johnny Ball, who was 74 when he competed in 2012, remains the oldest contestant to take part in Strictly Come Dancing; he was older than magician Paul Daniels and actress Lesley Joseph, who were aged 72 and 71 when they competed in 2010 & 2016 respectively. Actress Louisa Lytton, who was 17 when she competed in 2006, remains the youngest ever contestant. Comedian Bill Bailey, who was 55 when he competed in 2020, is the oldest series winner, while gymnast Louis Smith, who was 23 when he competed in 2012, is the youngest series winner. At 19, Maisie Smith is the youngest contestant to make it to the final, while at the age of 61, Dr. Pamela Stephenson remains the oldest.

This is a document about Strictly Come Dancing (series 4)
  Strictly Come Dancing returned for its fourth series on 7 October 2006 and ended on 23 December. Bruce Forsyth and Tess Daly returned to co-present the main show on BBC One, whilst Claudia Winkleman returned to present spin-off show Strictly Come Dancing: It Takes Two on BBC Two for the third series in a row. Len Goodman, Bruno Tonioli, Craig Revel Horwood and Arlene Phillips returned as judges. The winner was Mark Ramprakash and his dancing partner Karen Hardy.

This is a document about Lilia Kopylova
  In Autumn 2004, Kopylova competed in the BBC One pro-celebrity ballroom dancing television programme Strictly Come Dancing, dancing with celebrity singer Aled Jones. They finished fourth overall and fourth in the following Christmas Champion of Champions show. Her husband Darren Bennett won both shows with Jill Halfpenny. Kopylova won the 2005 series, partnered with Darren Gough, who was the first male celebrity to win the title. The couple went on to win the Christmas Champion of Champions trophy, including a dance with a perfect score of 40 out of 40. The show featured couples from the 2004 and 2005 series, as well as Rachel Hunter and Evander Holyfield from the US version of the show, Dancing with the Stars. Kopylova participated in the fourth series of the show partnered by

This is a document about So You Think You Can Dance (British series 1)
  The 1st series of So You Think You Can Dance premiered on 2 January 2010, beginning with one audition show which showed the auditions, choreography camp and introducing the top 14. Five elimination rounds were followed by a final, with performances and results shown on the same night. The winner's prize was the title "Britain's Favourite Dancer", £100,000 and a trip to Hollywood, where the winner would perform in the US series finale. The finale of the first series was held on 13 February 2010. Robbie White was injured, and could not perform. Lizzie Gough finished third, Tommy Franzén was the season runner-up, but female jazz dancer Charlie Bruce ended up as the winner.

This is a document about Strictly Come Dancing (series 8)
  Strictly Come Dancing returned for its eighth series on BBC One with a red carpet launch show on 11 September 2010, and the competitive live shows began on 1 October. The series concluded on 18 December when Kara Tointon and Artem Chigvintsev won the competition. According to BARB data, this series was the consistently highest rated of the show to date, peaking at 14.28 million viewers. Len Goodman, Bruno Tonioli, Craig Revel Horwood and Alesha Dixon returned as judges. Five professional dancers from the last series didn't return for this series, Matthew Cutler, Brian Fortuna, Ian Waite and married Darren Bennett and Lilia Kopylova. Three male professionals joined this years series, Artem Chigvintsev, Robin Windsor and Jared Murillo. For series 8 the set has been totally revamped to

This is a document about List of Old Reptonians
  Strictly Come Dancing ; Jeremy Clarkson, journalist and ex-presenter of the BBC show Top Gear. Current The Grand Tour host alongside James May and Richard Hammond ; Adrian Newey OBE, Formula One engineer ; John Cornforth, architectural historian ; Jack Crawford, cricketer ; Roald Dahl, author ; Sir James Darling OBE, Headmaster of Geelong Grammar School and chairman of the Australian Broadcasting Commission ; Horace Davenport, first-class cricketer ; Norman Demuth, Classical music composer & writer. ; Anthony Devas, artist. ; George Dodsworth, first-class cricketer ; Blair Dunlop, musician and actor. ; James Fenton, poet ; Sir Maurice Finnes, industrialist ; Sir Henry Firebrace,

This is a document about Strictly Come Dancing
  Strictly Come Dancing (informally known as Strictly) is a British television dance contest in which celebrities partner with professional dancers to compete in mainly ballroom and Latin dance. Each couple is scored by a panel of judges. The title of the show is a continuation of the long-running series Come Dancing, with an allusion to the film Strictly Ballroom. The format has been exported to 60 other countries—under the title Dancing with the Stars—licensed by BBC Worldwide, and led to a modern dance-themed spin-off Strictly Dance Fever. The Guinness World Records has named Strictly to be the world's most successful reality television format. The series is currently presented by Tess Daly and Claudia Winkleman. The series has been broadcast on BBC One since 15 May 2004, typically on Saturday evenings with a following

Natasha Kaplinsky and Brendan Cole won the first ever Strictly Come Dancing series in the UK, in 2004. In South Africa, the first series aired from February to April 2006, but the winner is not mentioned in the provided text.


Question: when does far cry 5 come out pc

Answer: March 27 , 2018

This is a document about Far Cry 5
  5. The game was released in March 2018 for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One. Far Cry 5 was met with mostly positive critical reception upon release, although it was the subject of controversy after being announced alongside a period of heightened political conflicts. Critics praised the open world design, visuals, gameplay and soundtrack but directed criticisms towards its story and some of the characters. The game was a commercial success and became the fastest-selling title in the franchise, grossing over $310 million in its first week of sales. Several downloadable content packs have been released. A spin-off title and sequel to the narrative, Far Cry New Dawn, was released in February 2019. A successor, Far Cry 6, was released in October 2021.

This is a document about Far Cry
  Far Cry 5 is set in modern-day Montana in the fictional Hope County. The player takes on the role of a sheriff's deputy who becomes entangled in a violent conflict between a doomsday cult called Eden's Gate led by "The Father" Joseph Seed and his siblings, and the resisting residents of Hope County who have seen their friends and family taken or killed by the cult. Announced in May 2017, the game was released on March 27, 2018 worldwide.

This is a document about Far Cry
  Far Cry New Dawn is a narrative sequel to Far Cry 5 that was released on February 15, 2019. The game is set seventeen years after the events of Far Cry 5 and follows the survivors of a nuclear war as they attempt to rebuild their community.

This is a document about Warhammer 40,000: Inquisitor – Martyr
   The game was announced in 2015. It was released on June 5, 2018 on PC. The PlayStation 4 and Xbox One versions were released on August 23, 2018.

This is a document about Far Cry 6
  The game was originally scheduled for release on February 18, 2021, on Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Stadia, and Amazon Luna. On October 29, 2020, Ubisoft announced that the release will be delayed due to impacts from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. During Ubisoft's quarterly earnings call in February 2021, the company announced that the game would be released before September 30, 2021. As part of further gameplay reveals on May 28, 2021, Ubisoft also announced the planned release date for Far Cry 6 as October 7, 2021. As part of the game's season pass, additional content will include new story episodes letting the player take on the role of three antagonists from preceding Far Cry titles: Vaas Montenegro from Far Cry 3, Pagan Min from Far Cry 4, and Joseph Seed from Far Cry 5 and Far Cry New Dawn. In addition, the season pass will include an updated version of Far Cry 3: Blood Dragon. Additional free content will feature a guest appearance by Danny Trejo, a Rambo-inspired mission, and a crossover mission with Stranger Things.

This is a document about Far Cry 5
  Far Cry 5 is a 2018 first-person shooter game developed by Ubisoft Montreal and Ubisoft Toronto and published by Ubisoft. It is the fifth main installment in the Far Cry series. The game takes place in Hope County, a fictional region of Montana, United States. The main story revolves around the Project at Eden's Gate, a doomsday cult that has taken over the county at the command of its charismatic and powerful leader, Joseph Seed. Players control an unnamed junior deputy sheriff who becomes trapped in Hope County and must work alongside factions of a resistance to liberate the county from the despotic rule of the Seeds and Eden's Gate. Gameplay focuses on combat and exploration; players battle enemy soldiers and dangerous wildlife using a

This is a document about Far Cry 5
  environment, and the "self-reliant" nature of the locals, who do not want any authority or outsider to intervene in their life. The development team had previously carried out a similar research excursion to Nepal during development of Far Cry 4. As the development team was no longer satisfied with having one core antagonist in each game, the cast of antagonists was significantly expanded. After the release of Far Cry Primal in 2016, Ubisoft stated that the next Far Cry title will take more development time and would not be released in 2017. Far Cry 5 was announced by Ubisoft during the company's financial call, alongside

This is a document about Unreal Engine
  Unreal Engine 5 was revealed on May 13, 2020, supporting all existing systems including the next-generation consoles PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X/S. Work on the engine started about two years prior to its announcement. It was released in early access on May 26, 2021, with expected full launch in early 2022. One of its major features is Nanite, an engine that allows for high-detailed photographic source material to be imported into games. The Nanite virtualized geometry technology allows Epic to take advantage of its past acquisition of Quixel, the world's largest photogrammetry library as of 2019. The goal of Unreal Engine 5 was to make

This is a document about Far Cry
  Far Cry 6 is set on the fictional island of Yara (loosely based on modern day Cuba), ruled by a fascist dictator Anton Castillo (based on and voiced by Giancarlo Esposito) who seeks to bring his son, Diego (based on and voiced by Anthony Gonzalez), to be his heir amidst a revolutionary uprising by freedom fighters. The game was released on October 7, 2021.

This is a document about E3 2020
 Assassin's Creed: Valhalla (PC, PS4, PS5, XOne, XSX, Stadia) ; Far Cry 6 (PC, PS4, PS5, XOne, XSX) ; Hyper Scape (PC) ; Watch Dogs: Legion (PC, PS4, PS5, XOne, XSX) Ubisoft ran a "Ubisoft Forward" digital event on July 12, 2020, announcing several upcoming titles, including:

This is a document about SXSW Gaming Awards
 2015 – Far Cry 4, Ubisoft ; 2016 – The Order: 1886, Ready at Dawn ; 2017 – Uncharted 4: A Thief's End, Naughty Dog ; 2018 – Horizon Zero Dawn, Guerrilla Games ; 2019 – God of War, Sony Interactive Entertainment ; 2020 – Sekiro: Shadows Die Twice, FromSoftware/Activision

This is a document about Far Cry 3
  expansion. Blood Dragon was a parody of 1980s action films, cartoons and video games and takes place on a retro-futuristic open world island with players assuming the action role of the military cyborg Sergeant Rex "Power" Colt. Far Cry 3 and Blood Dragon were later bundled with Far Cry 2 and Far Cry Classic in a compilation game named Far Cry: The Wild Expedition for PS3, Xbox 360, and PC. Starting from May 29, 2018, players who purchased Far Cry 5s season pass or the Gold Edition on PC can gain access to the Classic Edition, the game's re-release for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One. The Classic Edition was made available for standalone purchase on June 26, 2018.

This is a document about Sniper Ghost Warrior Contracts 2
  The game was released on Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X/S on 4 June 2021. It was released on PlayStation 5 in August 2021.

This is a document about Far Cry 6
  Far Cry 6 is a 2021 action-adventure first-person shooter game developed by Ubisoft Toronto and published by Ubisoft. It is the sixth main installment in the Far Cry series and the successor to 2018's Far Cry 5. The game was released on October 7, 2021, for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S, Stadia, and Amazon Luna. Set on the fictional Caribbean island of Yara, ruled as a dictatorship by "El Presidente" Antón Castillo (portrayed by Giancarlo Esposito) who is raising his son Diego (Anthony Gonzalez) to follow in his rule, players take on the role of guerilla fighter Dani Rojas (voiced by either Nisa Gunduz or Sean Rey), attempting to topple Castillo and his regime. The game received a generally mixed reception, with critics praising its small improvements to the series gameplay formula and performances, but criticizing its lack of innovation and aging design.

This is a document about Far Cry
  Announced in October 2015, Far Cry Primal was released on February 23, 2016 for the PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and in March 2016 for Microsoft Windows. The game is set in the Stone Age, and revolves around the story of Takkar, who starts off as an unarmed hunter and rises to become the leader of a tribe. Far Cry Primal was developed by Ubisoft Montreal.

This is a document about Borderlands 3
  Borderlands 3 is an action role-playing first-person shooter video game developed by Gearbox Software and published by 2K Games. It is a sequel to 2012's Borderlands 2, and the fourth entry in the main Borderlands series. Borderlands 3 was released on 13 September 2019 for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One and on 30 October 2019 for Apple macOS. A Stadia port was released on 17 December 2019. Versions for the Xbox Series X and Series S and PlayStation 5 including free upgrades for users on the prior console versions were released on 10 and 12 November 2020, respectively. Players complete quests and side missions, in single-player or

This is a document about Adam McArthur
 Final Fantasy Type-0 HD (2015-03-17) – Joker ; Far Cry 5 (2018-03-16) ; Shadow of the Tomb Raider (2018-09-14)

This is a document about Assassin's Creed Valhalla
  Layla Hassan, an Assassin who relives Eivor's memories so as to find a way to save the Earth from destruction. The game was released on November 10, 2020, for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Xbox Series X and Series S, and Stadia, whilst the PlayStation 5 version was released on November 12. It received generally positive reviews, with praise for the narrative, characters, voice acting, visuals, soundtrack, world-design and the interconnectivity of activities, while being criticized for its length, technical issues, and repetitive structure. The game had the biggest launch in the Assassin's Creed series to date, selling the most copies within its first week.

This is a document about Doom Eternal
  Doom Eternal is a first-person shooter game developed by id Software and published by Bethesda Softworks. The sequel to Doom (2016), and the fifth main game in the Doom series, it was released on March 20, 2020, for Windows, PlayStation 4, Stadia and Xbox One, with a version for Nintendo Switch being released on December 8, 2020 and versions for PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X and Series S being released on June 29, 2021. Set some time after the events of the 2016 game, the story follows the Doomguy once again, on a mission to end Hell's consumption of Earth and foil the alien Maykr's plans to exterminate humanity. Along with the single-player campaign, a multiplayer mode titled

This is a document about Far Cry
  by the tyrannical Pagan Min and his Royal Army, Far Cry 5 (2018), taking place in fictional Hope County in Montana where a doomsday cult Eden's Gate, led by Joseph Seed, has locked down the region, and Far Cry 6 (2021), set on a fictional Cuba-like island in the midst of revolution which "El Presidente" Antón Castillo rules as a dictator. All these games maintained the theme of a lawless land and required the player to rely on a number of gameplay skills beyond combat, such as hunting and crafting to a degree, to succeed. Each iteration of the games has used the Dunia 2 engine

Far Cry 5 was released for Microsoft Windows on March 27, 2018.


Question: when do you need a medallion signature guarantee

Answer: for the transfer of securities

This is a document about Medallion signature guarantee
  In the United States, a medallion signature guarantee is a special signature guarantee used primarily when a client transfers or sells US securities. It is an assurance by the financial institution granting the guarantee that the signature on the transaction is genuine and that the guarantor accepts liability for any forgery.

This is a document about Medallion signature guarantee
  A medallion signature guarantee is a guarantee by the transferring financial institution that the signature is genuine and the financial institution accepts liability for any forgery. A medallion signature guarantee protects shareholders by preventing unauthorized transfers and possible investor losses. A medallion signature guarantee also limits the liability of the transfer agent who accepts the certificates. A medallion signature guarantee is a binding warranty, issued by an agent of the authorized guarantor institution, that: (a) the signature was genuine; (b) the signer was an appropriate person to endorse, and (c) the signer had legal capacity to sign. A medallion signature guarantee is not equivalent to a US notarial Acknowledgment.

This is a document about Medallion signature guarantee
  While some banks no longer provide this service, many still do so, as do some other financial institutions such as savings and loan associations (a thrift) and credit unions. These institutions may provide the medallion signature guarantee at their discretion. These institutions provide clarification on their requirements for providing the stamp. Each of these institutions may have different requirements for documentation necessary.

This is a document about Medallion signature guarantee
  Not all medallion signature guarantee stamps are of equal value. A special coded prefix is given to each stamp, and this prefix determines how much monetary value can be guaranteed. For instance if the medallion signature guarantee is required for US$400,000 worth of value, at least a C prefix is required, which is good for up to $500,000 value. If a D prefix stamp is submitted, the transaction will be rejected, because a D stamp is only good for guarantee up to $250,000.

This is a document about Stock transfer agent
  Stock transfer agents in the United States verify that owners of stock are genuine through the use of signature guarantees. This is often referred to as a "Medallion Signature Guarantee". A signature guarantee is a warranty by the signature guarantor that the endorser of a stock certificate or stock power form is an appropriate person to endorse and thus transfer the security. Signatures on a stock certificate or stock power must have the medallion guarantee. A medallion guarantee is also used to validate the genuineness of a securities transaction document (typically a stock certificate). It is backed by a bond and protects the issuer of the security and their transfer agent from fraudulently transferred securities. A medallion guarantee may be obtained from most major banks, brokerage firms or credit unions. Stock transfer agents operating in the U.S. are required to register with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission or a banking regulator.

This is a document about Medallion signature guarantee
  When United States citizens are outside the United States, they are typically unable to obtain a medallion signature guarantee stamp. Some financial institutions may accept the seal of a United States embassy in its place if given prior notice of the substitution. US embassies do not provide Medallion Signature Guarantees. Some financial institutions outside the United States offer a medallion signature guarantee to existing customers if the financial institution has a correspondence relationship with a United States bank.

This is a document about Medallion signature guarantee
  The medallion signature guarantee program has existed since February 24, 1992, when Securities and Exchange Commission's Rule 17 Ad-15 went into effect. The medallion signature guarantee program was implemented in order to protect investors, treat financial institutions equitably, increase the efficiency of transferring securities, and reduce risk. Until then, financial institutions had cumbersome and inconsistent policies regarding certificates presented to a transfer agent to change ownership. At the time of its establishment, there were three signature guarantee programs, namely the New York Stock Exchange Medallion Signature Program, the Stock Exchanges Medallion Program, and the Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program, each of which were administered by different entities.

This is a document about Medallion signature guarantee
  Different institutions have various policies as to what type of identification they require to provide the guarantee and whether they charge a fee for such service, usually nominal. Very few guarantor institutions will guarantee the signature of a person who is not a known, established customer.

This is a document about Guarantee
  are, in England, prescribed firstly by the statute of frauds, which provides in section 4 that "no action shall be brought whereby to charge the defendant upon any special promise to answer for the debt, default or miscarriages of another person, unless the agreement upon which such action shall be brought, or some memorandum or note thereof, shall be in writing and signed by the party to be charged therewith, or some other person thereunto by him lawfully authorized". This in effect means that the guarantee are not invalid but are merely unenforceable through a chose in personam. The requirement for a signature in writing was clarified in Elpis

This is a document about Little Miller Act
 {| class="wikitable" ; Performance Bond Required: || Full contract amount (§34-222(A)(1)); Bond language specified (§34-222(G)) ; Payment Bond Required: || Full contract amount (§34-222(A)(2)); Bond language specified (§34-222(F)) ; Entitlement to Copy of Bond: || Upon representation of non-payment or participation in litigation(§34-223(C)) ; Enforcement: || Suit if unpaid 90 days after last work (§34-223(A)); Attorney's fees (§34-222(B)) ; Limitations: || One year from last work (§34-223(C)) ; Notice Requirements: || Second tier subs must give 20-day notice within 90 days of last work (§34-223(A)) ; Other: || Bond surety cannot be individual and must be license by the Dept. of Insurance (§34-222(C) and bond placed on

This is a document about Statute of frauds
  for the sale of goods totaling $500.00 or more. ; Contracts in which one party becomes a surety (acts as guarantor) for another party's debt or other obligation. The statute of frauds typically requires a signed writing in the following circumstances: In an action for specific performance of a contract to convey land, the agreement must be in writing to satisfy the statute of frauds. The statute is satisfied if the contract to convey is evidenced by a writing or writings containing the essential terms of a purchase and sale agreement and signed by the party against whom the contract is to be enforced. If there

This is a document about Consumer Credit Act 1974
  mortgage, bond, indemnity, guarantee or other right provided by the debtor as "security" to the consumer credit or hire-purchase agreement being conducted with the creditor. This covers both "real" securities such as mortgages and personal securities such as bonds. The only requirement is that the security must be given at the request of the debtor. Any security must be expressed in writing, and in some cases are part of the original hire agreement. This is distinct from previous law, which required a written note of the agreement but allowed the agreement to be conducted orally. Certain other formalities must be observed; under Section 105, a security is not considered properly executed unless a document is signed on or on behalf of the

This is a document about United States contract law
  states, notably Illinois, contracts requiring performance for a lifetime are covered by the Statute. The statute of frauds requires the signature of the party against whom enforcement is sought (the party to be sued for failure to perform). For example, Bob contracts with the Smith Company for two years of employment. The employer would need to sign the writing. Moreover, the writing for purposes of satisfying the statute of frauds does not need to be the actual contract. It might be a letter, memorializing and formalizing an oral arrangement already made over the phone. Therefore, the signed writing does not need to contain all of the terms

This is a document about Taxi medallion
  A taxi medallion, also known as a CPNC (Certificate of Public Necessity and Convenience), is a transferable permit in the United States allowing a taxicab driver to operate. Several major cities in the US use these in their taxi licensing systems, including New York City, Boston, Chicago, Philadelphia, and San Francisco. The medallion system is a government-created intentional constraint on the supply of taxicabs, and because cities have historically increased the number of medallions at a slower rate than the growth in demand for taxis, medallions have generally been considered a valuable investment; though recently the increased supply of cars for hire created by ridesharing companies has been eroding the value of medallions.

This is a document about International litigation
  Some states of the US require foreign corporations to deposit "security" when filing suit in their courts. Some other states require foreign corporations to register to do business as a condition to suing. In cases in federal court, a witness based outside the United States may execute an affidavit (or declaration) pursuant to 28 U.S.C. section 1746 without having his/her signature notarized. This procedure makes federal court more attractive to a litigant that expects to need to rely upon witnesses who are not based in the United States.

This is a document about Statute of Frauds
 1) Contracts by the executor of a will to pay a debt of the estate with his own money. ; 2) Contracts in which one party becomes a surety (acts as guarantor) for another party's debt or other obligation. ; 3) Contracts in consideration of marriage. ; 4) Contracts for the transfer of an interest in land. ; 5) Contracts that cannot be performed within one year. Section 4 of the Statute of Frauds provided that an action may not be brought on the following types of contracts unless there is a written note or memorandum signed by the party being charged or a person authorized by them: This section now provides that contracts of guarantee (surety for another's debt) are unenforceable unless evidenced in writing. This requirement is

This is a document about Entrust
  suit the corporate environment and be automatically enforced at the boundary, and are aimed at compliance with privacy and securities laws including HIPAA, Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act and various U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regulations. Entrust acquired Orion Security Solutions, a supplier of public key infrastructure services, in June 2006. In July 2006, Entrust acquired Business Signatures Corporation, a supplier of non-invasive fraud detection solutions, for $50 million (USD). From a GAAP accounting perspective, the total purchase price was approximately $55.0 million, including assumed stock options, transaction expenses and net asset value. Business Signatures was founded

This is a document about Pre-existing duty rule
  must be complied with. Thus, a written contract is necessary if the contract as modified comes within the scope of that statute. For purposes of the UCC, a contract must be in writing if it is for the sale of goods where the price exceeds $500. UCC § 2-201. The pre-existing duty rule has been abrogated under the Restatement, Second of Contracts § 89, which does not require independent consideration if the parties mutually and voluntarily agree to the modification (see Angel v. Murray for an early application of the Restatement). The restatement, however, will not always be followed, as evidenced by the decision in Labriola v. Pollard Group, Inc..

This is a document about South African property law
  and therefore notarial bonds usually contain “perfection clauses” allowing the bondholder to seize and dispose of the bonded property when the debtor defaults. A notarial bondholder does not acquire a security right until the bond is perfected by taking possession of the bonded property, which may be construed by an attachment by a sheriff or messenger on the bondholder’s behalf. In other words, the requirements for a valid pledge must be fulfilled. A bondholder may not exercise this right without a court order or the debtor’s consent; moreover, the perfection clause must be included in the bond. Notarial bonds take two forms: general and special.

This is a document about Personal guarantee
  A personal guarantee is a promise made by a person or an organization (the guarantor) to accept responsibility for some other party's debt (the debtor) if the debtor fails to pay it. In the case of a personal guarantee made by an individual on behalf of another, the person who makes the personal guarantee is usually referred to as a co-signer of a note for a loan. A guarantor can be any party, including an individual or another organization, with a credit history. A common purpose of a personal guarantee is to allow a loan to be extended to an organization or person with

A medallion signature guarantee is typically required when transferring or selling securities, such as stocks or bonds, in the United States. It is used to ensure the authenticity of the signature on the transfer document and to protect against forgery. The guarantee is issued by a financial institution, such as a bank or brokerage firm, and is binding on the issuer and the transfer agent. It is important to note that not all financial institutions offer medallion signature guarantees, and their requirements may vary.