Question: who played for man u man city liverpool and everton

Answer: Peter Andrew Beardsley MBE

This is a document about Everton F.C.
  Everton Football Club is an English professional football club based in Liverpool that competes in the Premier League, the top tier of English football. The club is a founding member of the Football League and has competed in the top division for a record 118 seasons since the Football League's creation, having missed only four top-flight seasons (1930–31, 1951–52, 1952–53, 1953–54). Everton is the second-longest continuous serving club in English top flight football and has won nine league titles, five FA Cups, one European Cup Winners' Cup and nine Charity Shields. Formed in 1878, Everton won their first League Championship during the 1890–91 season. After winning four more League Championships and two FA Cups, the club experienced a post-World War II lull until a revival in the 1960s. A period of

This is a document about List of Everton F.C. international players
  Everton Football Club, an association football club based in Liverpool, Merseyside, was founded in 1878 and competes in the top flight of English football the Premier League. Everton have a storied history winning nine League titles, five FA Cups and the European Cup Winners' Cup. Players of the club can be called up to represent their national team and to date 234 players have played at senior international level whilst registered with the club. Everton's first international was Job Wilding who appeared for Wales against England on 14 March 1885. The most recent newly capped player is Ben Godfrey for England against Austria on 2 June 2021.

This is a document about List of Everton F.C. international players
  The following were part of World Cup squads while playing for Everton.

This is a document about Everton F.C. supporters
  Everton Football Club is an English professional football club based in Liverpool that competes in the Premier League, the top tier of English football. Supporters of the club are known as Evertonians or "blues".

This is a document about History of Liverpool
  of the mid 1980s included some of the highest rated footballers in the English league at the time; goalkeeper Neville Southall, winger Trevor Steven, forwards Graeme Sharp and Andy Gray, and Gray's successor Gary Lineker. Everton have enjoyed an unbroken run in the top flight of English football since 1954, although their only major trophy since the league title in 1987 came in 1995 when they won the FA Cup. Everton added another league title in 1987, with Liverpool finishing runners-up. Another all-Merseyside FA Cup final 1989 saw Liverpool beat Everton 3–2. This match was played just five weeks after the Hillsborough disaster.

This is a document about History of Everton F.C.
  a tired Everton lost 1–0 to Manchester United. Had they not lost, Everton would have joined Liverpool as only the second English team to win three major trophies in one season. The 1984–85 Cup Winners' Cup campaign was not without its controversy. In a tie with Fortuna Sittard of the Netherlands, an Everton fan streaked on the pitch and was arrested when trying to climb back over the security fencing into the stands. This was one of many high-profile pitch invasions by fans of English clubs at home and abroad around this time. The Heysel Stadium disaster consequently resulted in English clubs being banned from European Competition by UEFA. The 1985 close season saw the acquisition of 24-year-old striker Gary Lineker from Leicester City, with Lineker's arrival sparking the controversial departure of the hugely popular Andy Gray, who returned to Aston Villa.

This is a document about Prairie Township, Boone County, Arkansas
 Everton

This is a document about Jackson Township, Fayette County, Indiana
 Everton

This is a document about Merseyside derby
  1934 ; Frank Mitchell – 1919 (also played for Tranmere Rovers, one of six players to play for three different Merseyside clubs) ; Bill Lacey – 1912 – part of exchange deal for Uren (Lacey also played for New Brighton, one of six players to have played for three different Merseyside clubs) Andrew Hannah.jpg ; Tom Gracie – 1912 – part of exchange deal for Uren ; Arthur Berry – Signed first for Liverpool in 1906, then played for Wrexham, Fulham, and Oxford University before signing for Everton. He returned directly to Liverpool from Everton for a brief spell in 1912. ; Don Sloan –

This is a document about St Helens & District Football Combination
  Sammy Lynn, Bert Redwood, Bill Foulkes, Tommy O’Neil (Manchester United), Derek Hennin (Bolton Wanderers), Ray Ranson, Gary Owen (Manchester City), John Connelly (Burnley and Manchester United), Eric Moore (Everton), Bill Pilling, Alan A’Court (Liverpool), Geoff Nulty (Everton & Newcastle United), Mick Davock, Jim (Packy) Morris (Stockport County), John Quinn (Sheffield Wednesday), Mark Harris (Wrexham) and Jay Parker (Chelsea 'B').

This is a document about List of Everton F.C. managers
  Everton F.C. is a professional association football club based in Liverpool, England. The club was founded in 1878, but did not participate in competitive football until 1887, when they first took part in the FA Cup. The club has had 26 permanent managers, though this role was previously filled by the club secretary. Their current manager is Spaniard Rafael Benítez. William Edward Barclay was the club secretary for Everton's first season in the newly founded Football League but was replaced the following season by Dick Molyneux. Molyneux brought the first title to the club, winning the First Division in the 1890–91 season. He managed the club for eleven seasons before being replaced

This is a document about 1969–70 Liverpool F.C. season
  Liverpool F.C. had a disappointing season, finishing only fifth in the league after a promising start to the season, while city rivals Everton won the championship title. It was to be a season of transition with so many of the players who were part of the 1960s side being replaced after being knocked out of the FA Cup by Second Division Watford. It was also a season in which they were knocked out in the early rounds of the League Cup and Fairs Cup. One player who gave so much great service Roger Hunt, a 1966 World Cup winner left the club after 286 goals in all competitions in December 1969 to join Bolton Wanderers.

This is a document about 2009–10 Everton F.C. season
  Moving into November, Everton ended its four match winless streak with a 2–1 victory over West Ham at the Boleyn Ground with Everton's goals coming from striker Louis Saha and young midfielder Dan Gosling. This would however be Everton's last win in November with losses occurring against Manchester United, Hull City and Merseyside Derby rivals Liverpool. In the game against Manchester United at Old Trafford, Everton were defeated 0–3 with goals from Darren Fletcher, Michael Carrick and Antonio Valencia. The match against Hull City played midweek at the KC Stadium again saw Everton lose 2–3 with Hull's goals all coming in the first half and Everton's two in the second half. Hull saw goals scored from Stephen Hunt, Andy Dawson and Dean Marney while Everton's goal was scored by Louis Saha from the penalty spot while the other goal was a Kamil Zayatte own goal as well as the return of Steven Pienaar. In the next, The Merseyside Derby, Everton hosted Liverpool in a match that saw the return of some of Everton's better form despite losing the match 0–2 with goals for Liverpool coming from a Joseph Yobo own goal and Dirk Kuyt.

This is a document about Liverpool–Manchester Megalopolis
  A significant rivalry dating back to the 1960s, the two have met in two FA Cup finals that both ended in shock wins. A ten-man Manchester United stopping newly crowned League and European Cup Winners' Cup champions Everton 1–0 in 1985. A decade later a mid-table Everton beat a dominant United 1–0 in 1995 with a spirited defensive display. Crowd trouble has often marred fixtures, a 2005 FA Cup game at Goodison Park was described as the "worst football related violence seen in Liverpool" by Merseyside Police.

This is a document about Joe Fagan
  Soon afterwards, Liverpool's captain Graeme Souness left the club for Sampdoria. Repeating the success of the 1983–84 season was always going to be difficult and Fagan signed Danish midfielder Jan Mølby, John Wark, Paul Walsh and Kevin MacDonald. Liverpool finished second behind Everton in the 1984–85 season but reached the European Cup final again. They were also beaten in an FA Cup semi-final replay by eventual winners Manchester United, meaning that they had been in contention for three major trophies that season, but ultimately would not win a major trophy; the first time in a decade that they had finished a season without silverware.

This is a document about 2011–12 Liverpool F.C. season
  Liverpool faced their local rivals Everton at Goodison Park and won 2–0. Jack Rodwell got sent off in the first half. Liverpool made benefit of the numerical advantage and scored twice in the second half through Luis Suárez and Andy Carroll, who scored his first league goal of the season. Liverpool then hosted Manchester United. Steven Gerrard, who was making his first start after returning from injury, scored from a free kick to give Liverpool the lead before Javier Hernández scored to make the final score 1–1. The game was marred by Luis Suárez racially abusing United's Patrice Evra. Liverpool then hosted the newcomers Norwich City and drew 1–1. Craig Bellamy scored in the stoppage time of first half. Substitute Grant Holt scored in the second half to make the score 1–1.

This is a document about 1984–85 Everton F.C. season
  Everton enjoyed a hugely successful season, winning the First Division with 90 points (13 more than runners-up Liverpool) and the Cup Winners' Cup with a 3–1 win over Rapid Vienna. In recognition of these achievements, Howard Kendall was voted Manager of the Year while goalkeeper Neville Southall and midfielder Peter Reid picked up the FWA Footballer of the Year and PFA Players' Player of the Year awards respectively. Domestically, the only downside to the season was the FA Cup Final defeat to Manchester United which prevented Kendall's team from completing a domestic double and continental treble. Further disappointment would follow when UEFA's blanket ban

This is a document about List of Everton F.C. records and statistics
 Major competitions won by Everton F.C., records set by the club, associated managers and players will be included in the following list. The player records section includes: appearances, goals scored, and clean sheets kept. Player and manager awards, transfer fees, club records (Wins, Draws, and Losses) are all included in the list, as well as several others. Everton Football Club is a professional association football club located in Liverpool. The club was formed in 1878, and was originally named as St Domingo FC. The club's first game was a 1–0 victory over Everton Church Club. In November 1879 the club was renamed to Everton FC. In 1888 the English Football League was created. Everton was one of the nine founding members of the EFL, and has played in the top-flight of English Football for a record 117 years, having missed only four seasons four top-flight seasons (1930–31, 1951–52, 1952–53, 1953–54).

This is a document about 2010–11 Manchester United F.C. season
  to Goodison Park on 11 September to take on Everton: the first of a league double-header against Liverpudlian opposition. Everton had the upper hand for the first half-hour, while United's best chances were denied by saves from Tim Howard. Following a 39th-minute corner off one of these saves, Evra failed to deal with a long ball out of the Everton defence, allowing Mikel Arteta to bear down on Edwin van der Sar's goal; the Dutch goalkeeper saved Arteta's shot, but the rebound fell to Leon Osman, who squared the ball for Steven Pienaar to side-foot under Van der Sar

This is a document about 1985 FA Cup Final
  days later (Everton were ultimately knocked out of the League Cup by Grimsby Town in the following round). The third meeting, also at Old Trafford, was a 1–1 league draw on 2 March 1985. Eight of United's starting 11 had been members of the cup-winning side from two years earlier, while Arthur Albiston was the only remaining player from the team that won the 1977 FA Cup Final. When United next won the trophy in 1990, Mark Hughes and Bryan Robson were the only players from the 1985 side to feature in the winning team. Everton's last remaining player from this match was Neville Southall, who stayed with them until 1998

The text mentions that Ben Godfrey played for Everton and Wales, but it does not provide information about him playing for Manchester United, Manchester City, or Liverpool. The text does mention that Everton had a successful period in the late 1980s and early 1990s with players such as Neville Southall, Gary Lineker, Trevor Steven, and Graeme Sharp, but it does not specify which of these players also played for Manchester United, Manchester City, or Liverpool.


Question: who has the power to issue search warrants

Answer: magistrate

This is a document about Commissioner of Canada Elections
  The Commissioner is granted powers from the act to carry out his duties. These include the power to petition a court to issue a search warrant or production order for documents as required for to complete an investigation. The Commissioner may also petition a court to compel a witness to testify under oath.

This is a document about Law enforcement agency powers
 Arrest. The power to arrest is typically granted in an instance via an instrument called an arrest warrant. The power to arrest is also typically granted to a member of an LEA for whenever the member has probable cause to do so. Open governments publicly give their law enforcement agencies the power to arrest subjects, for example, in the United States, the FBI has the power of arrest under 18 USC §3052. ; Detention Constraint of liberty powers can include:

This is a document about 2021 Calabarzon raids
  Following complaints of abuse, the Supreme Court issued on June 29, 2021, Administrative Matter No. 21-06-08-SC that curbs the power of local courts to issue search warrants outside their judicial regions. It also requires law enforcers to record their implementation of court-issued warrants on video or risk facing sanctions.

This is a document about Morris Tribunal
  The Tribunal recommends that power to issue Section 29 search warrants under the Offences Against the State Act (1939) be vested in a District Court justice to balance the interests of the gardaí and the constitutional rights of the person to be searched. The Minister for Justice has proposed amendments to allow judicial oversight of warrants issued under emergency powers legislation, but senior officers will still have power to issue warrants in "exceptional circumstances."

This is a document about Powers of the police in England and Wales
  There are known to be around 900 provisions in law under which search warrants may be issued. Typically, these permit a police officer and/or other official (typically a council officer, or an officer of a government department) to enter and search premises, using force if necessary, and seize evidence. These are generally issued by a justice of the peace following a written application stating the reasons for entering. As a general rule, search warrants are only issued where access cannot be gained by consent, or where attempting to gain consent might lead to evidence being destroyed, etc.

This is a document about Law enforcement agency powers
  Law enforcement agencies are specifically given the authority to seize property, for the example the Federal Bureau of Investigation The power to search and seize property is typically granted in an instance via an instrument called a search warrant.

This is a document about Search warrant
  A search warrant is a court order that a magistrate or judge issues to authorize law enforcement officers to conduct a search of a person, location, or vehicle for evidence of a crime and to confiscate any evidence they find. In most countries, a search warrant cannot be issued in aid of civil process. Jurisdictions that respect the rule of law and a right to privacy constrain police powers, and typically require search warrants or an equivalent procedure for searches police conducted in the course of a criminal investigation. The laws usually make an exception for hot pursuit: a police officer following a criminal who has fled the scene of a crime has the right to enter a property where the criminal has sought shelter. The necessity for a search warrant and its abilities vary from country to country. In certain authoritarian nations, police officers may be allowed to search individuals and property without having to obtain court permission or provide justification for their actions.

This is a document about Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution
   The Fourth Amendment (Amendment IV) to the United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights. It prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures. In addition, it sets requirements for issuing warrants: warrants must be issued by a judge or magistrate, justified by probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and must particularly describe the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized. Fourth Amendment case law deals with three main issues: what government activities are "searches" and "seizures", what constitutes probable cause to conduct searches and seizures, and how to address violations of Fourth Amendment rights. Early court decisions limited the amendment's

This is a document about Section summary of the Patriot Act, Title II
  Section 220 (Nationwide service of search warrants for electronic evidence) gives the power to Federal courts to issue nationwide service of search warrants for electronic surveillance. However, only courts with jurisdiction over the offense can order such a warrant. This required amending and.

This is a document about Arrest warrant
  The individual issuing the arrest warrant need not be a judge or an attorney, but must be both capable of determining whether probable cause exists as well as be a neutral and detached official. While arrest warrants are typically issued by courts, they may also be issued by one of the chambers of the United States Congress or other legislatures (via the call of the house motion) and other political entities.

This is a document about NSA warrantless surveillance (2001–2007)
  The Fourth Amendment is part of the Bill of Rights and prohibits "unreasonable" searches and seizures by the government. A search warrant must be judicially sanctioned, based on probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation (usually by a law enforcement officer), particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized, limited in scope (according to specific information supplied to the issuing court). It is solely a right of the people that neither the Executive nor Legislative branch can lawfully abrogate, even if acting in concert: no statute can make an unreasonable search reasonable. The term "unreasonable" connotes the sense that a constitutional search has a rational basis, that it is not an

This is a document about NSA warrantless surveillance (2001–2007)
  every other governmental power, must be exercised in subordination to the applicable provisions of the Constitution." The extent of the President's power as Commander-in-Chief has never been fully defined, but two Supreme Court cases are considered seminal in this area: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer (1952) and Curtiss-Wright. The Supreme Court held in Katz v. United States (1967), that the monitoring and recording of private conversations within the United States constitutes a "search" for Fourth Amendment purposes, and therefore require a warrant. The Supreme Court held in Smith v Maryland (1979) that a judicial warrant is required for the government to acquire the content of

This is a document about Congressional oversight
  vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof." The authority to oversee derives from these constitutional powers. Congress could not carry them out reasonably or responsibly without knowing what the executive is doing; how programs are being administered, by whom, and at what cost; and whether officials are obeying the law and complying with legislative intent. The Supreme Court has legitimated Congress’s investigative power, subject to constitutional safeguards for civil liberties. In 1927, the Court found that, in investigating the administration of the Department of Justice, Congress was considering a subject “on which legislation could be had or would be materially aided by the information which the investigation was calculated to elicit”.

This is a document about DisruptJ20
  site, as well as the date and time of their visit and information about the browser and operating system. In addition to this, the contact information, email content and photos of thousands of people was requested. DreamHost challenged the warrant in court, arguing that it was a "highly untargeted demand" that chilled its users' constitutional rights. The Electronic Frontier Foundation also called the warrant an unconstitutional fishing expedition. On October 10, 2017, Chief Judge Robert Morin of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia issued an order significantly narrowing the warrant's scope. "[W]hile the government has the right to execute its Warrant," he wrote, "it does not have the right to rummage through

This is a document about Law enforcement agency
  These powers are not available to subjects other than LEAs within the LEA's jurisdiction and are typically subject to judicial and civil overview. Usually, these powers are only allowed when it can be shown that a subject is probably already not complying with a law. For example, to undertake an intrusive search, typically a LEA must make an argument and convince a judicial officer of the need to undertake the intrusive search on the basis that it will help detect or prove non-compliance with a law by a specified subject. The judicial officer, if they agree, will then issue a legal instrument, typically called a Search warrant, to the LEA, which must be presented to the relevant subject if possible.

This is a document about NSA warrantless surveillance (2001–2007)
  allows the Justice Department to obtain warrants from the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (FISC) before or up to 72 hours after the beginning of the surveillance. FISA authorizes a FISC judge to issue a warrant if "there is probable cause to believe that ... the target of the electronic surveillance is a foreign power or an agent of a foreign power." 50 U.S.C. § 1805(a)(3). Second, FISA permits the President or his delegate to authorize warrantless surveillance for the collection of foreign intelligence if "there is no substantial likelihood that the surveillance will acquire the contents of any communication to which a United States person is a party". 50 U.S.C. § 1802(a)(1). In 2002, the United States Foreign Intelligence

This is a document about Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act
  Equal protection, Separation of powers, nor the Right to counsel provided by the Sixth Amendment. However, in a third case, the special review court for FISA, the equivalent of a Circuit Court of Appeals, opined differently should FISA limit the President's inherent authority for warrantless searches in the foreign intelligence area. In In re Sealed Case, 310 F.3d 717, 742 (FISA Ct. Rev. 2002), the special court stated "[A]ll the other courts to have decided the issue [have] held that the President did have inherent authority to conduct warrantless searches to obtain foreign intelligence information . ... We take for granted that the President does have that authority and, assuming that is so, FISA could not encroach on the President's constitutional power."

This is a document about Executive Magistrate of Bangladesh
  to make orders as to local nuisance, section 133. (15) Power to issue injunction as immediate measure, in case of public nuisance, section 142. An Executive Magistrate may be invested with the following powers by the Government and the District Magistrate: VI. An Executive Magistrate by the Government- (a) Power to issue search-warrant otherwise than in course of inquiry, section 98; (b) Power to require security for good behaviour in case of seditions, section 108; (c) Power to make orders prohibiting repetition of nuisance, section 143; (d) Power to make orders under section 144, 145 and 147; (e) Power to held inquests, section 174. VII. An Executive Magistrate by the District Magistrate - (a) Power to make orders prohibiting

This is a document about Rule of law
  All government officers of the United States, including the President, the Justices of the Supreme Court, state judges and legislators, and all members of Congress, pledge first and foremost to uphold the Constitution. These oaths affirm that the rule of law is superior to the rule of any human leader. At the same time, the federal government has considerable discretion: the legislative branch is free to decide what statutes it will write, as long as it stays within its enumerated powers and respects the constitutionally protected rights of individuals. Likewise, the judicial branch has a degree of judicial discretion, and the executive branch also has various discretionary powers including prosecutorial

This is a document about Congressional oversight
  duties, to appropriate funds, enact laws, raise and support armies, provide for a Navy, declare war, and impeach and remove from office the President, Vice President, and other civil officers. Congress could not reasonably or responsibly exercise these powers without knowing what the executive was doing; how programs were being administered, by whom, and at what cost; and whether officials were obeying the law and complying with legislative intent. The Supreme Court of the United States has confirmed the oversight powers of Congress, subject to constitutional safeguards for civil liberties, on several occasions. In 1927, for instance, the Court found that in investigating the administration of the Justice Department, Congress had the authority to consider a subject "on which legislation could be had or would be materially aided by the information which the investigation was calculated to elicit".

In Canada, the Commissioner of Elections has the power to issue search warrants under the Canada Elections Act. In the United States, law enforcement agencies such as the FBI have this power. In Ireland, the power to issue search warrants is held by judges, typically justices of the peace.


Question: who wrote the train they call the city of new orleans

Answer: Steve Goodman

This is a document about City of New Orleans (song)
  "City of New Orleans" is a country folk song written by Steve Goodman (and first recorded for Goodman's self-titled 1971 album), describing a train ride from Chicago to New Orleans on the Illinois Central Railroad's City of New Orleans in bittersweet and nostalgic terms. Goodman got the idea while traveling on the Illinois Central line for a visit to his wife's family. The song has been recorded by numerous artists both in the US and Europe, including two major hit versions: first by Arlo Guthrie in 1972, and later by Willie Nelson in 1984. An article in the September 2017 issue of Trains magazine chronicles the writing and recording of the song and includes a biographical sketch of Steve Goodman.

This is a document about City of New Orleans (train)
  "City of New Orleans" is a folk music song written and first performed by Steve Goodman in 1970 and subsequently recorded by Arlo Guthrie in 1972 and many other artists, notably Willie Nelson, Johnny Cash, John Denver (with slightly different lyrics), Judy Collins, and Jerry Reed. The song lyrics trace the trail of the train route in mourning the "...disappearin' railroad blues...." Tom Rush performed and recorded a folk song (based on some Bukka White songs) about the Panama Limited, the overnight train along the same route as the City of New Orleans.

This is a document about Illinois Central Railroad
  of the City of New Orleans. However, since it did not connect with any other trains in either New Orleans or Chicago, Amtrak moved the route to an overnight schedule and brought back the Panama Limited name. However, it restored the City of New Orleans name in 1981, while retaining the overnight schedule. This was to capitalize on the popularity of a song about the train written by Steve Goodman and performed by Arlo Guthrie. Willie Nelson's recording of the song was #1 in 1984. Illinois Central ran several other trains along the main route including The Creole and The

This is a document about Steve Goodman
  "City of New Orleans", which Guthrie liked enough that he asked to record it. Guthrie's version of Goodman's song became a Top-20 hit in 1972 and provided Goodman with enough financial and artistic success to make his music a full-time career. The song, about the Illinois Central's City of New Orleans train, would become an American standard, covered by such musicians as Johnny Cash, Judy Collins, Chet Atkins, Lynn Anderson, and Willie Nelson, whose recorded version earned Goodman a posthumous Grammy Award for Best Country Song in 1985. A French translation of the song, "Salut Les Amoureux", was recorded by Joe

This is a document about Brookhaven, Mississippi
  Amtrak's famous City of New Orleans (subject of the song ballad written by Steve Goodman and recorded by folk singer Arlo Guthrie in 1972) serves Brookhaven, going north and south on the old Illinois Central and Gulf, Mobile and Ohio railroad lines.

This is a document about Kankakee station
  In Steve Goodman's song "City of New Orleans" (popularized by Arlo Guthrie) the train departs the Kankakee station.

This is a document about City of New Orleans (train)
  1971 song "City of New Orleans", written by Steve Goodman. The train operates along a route that has been served in one form or another for over a century. The Panama Limited originally ran from 1911 to 1971, though the IC ran Chicago-New Orleans trains as early as the 1800s. Additional corridor service is provided between Chicago and Carbondale, Illinois–the northern leg of the route–by the Illini and Saluki. During fiscal year 2018, the train carried 237,781 passengers, a decrease of 6.9% from FY2017. In FY2016, the train had a total revenue of $18,706,915, a 3.7% decrease from FY2015.

This is a document about List of train songs
  Minstrels, Peerless Quartet (1911), The Sons of the Pioneers, Tex Ritter, Tom Russell, Pete Seeger ; "Casey Jones" (Jerry Garcia, Robert Hunter) by The Grateful Dead ; "Casey Jones the Union Scab" by John McCutcheon ; "Casey Jones Was His Name" by Hank Snow ; "Catch That Train", separate songs, artists followed by composers: America (Gerry Beckley, Dewey Bunnell); Lee Emerson (Lee Emerson); John Mayall (John Mayall); Chris Spedding (Chris Spedding); Dan Zanes (Dan Zanes) ; "Charming Young Widow I Met on the Train, The" (W. H. Gove), broadside published before 1867 ; "Chatsworth Wreck, The" (Thomas P. Westendorf, 1913)

This is a document about City of New Orleans (train)
  Amtrak resumed service to New Orleans. In December 2005 Arlo Guthrie, who helped popularize the song "City of New Orleans", led a fundraiser aboard the City of New Orleans and at several stops along the train's route to help in the hurricane recovery efforts. The train began stopping at Marks, Mississippi on April 4, 2018 following the completion of a new station. Starting October 1, 2019, traditional dining car services were removed and replaced with a reduced menu of 'Flexible Dining' options. From October 1, 2020, to May 31, 2021, daily service was reduced to three trains per week due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

This is a document about List of train songs
  the Pioneers, Pete Seeger, Ernest V. Stoneman (1929), Doc Watson, Henry Whitter (1923) ; "New Train", separate songs, artist followed by composer: Paul "Earthquake" Pena with Jerry Garcia and Merl Saunders (Paul "Earthquake" Pena); John Prine (John Prine) ; "New York Hobo, The" by Darby & Tarlton ; "New York Trains, The" (Woody Guthrie, Del McCoury), by The Del McCoury Band ; "Nickel Plate Road 759" (Utah Phillips) by Utah Phillips ; "Night the Trains Broke Down" by (P. F. Sloan) by P. F. Sloan ; "Night They Drove Old Dixie Down, The" (Robbie Robertson) by Allman Brothers Band, Joan Baez, The Band, Big Country, The Black Crowes, John Denver, Tanya Tucker, Tammy Wynette

This is a document about List of train songs
  New Lost City Ramblers (1966), Ralph Stanley & the Clinch Mountain Boys (1996) ; "Hear My Train A' Comin'" (Jimi Hendrix) by Jimi Hendrix ; "Hear That Whistle Blow (A Hundred Miles)", adaptation of "500 Miles" (Hedy West), by Flatt & Scruggs ; "Heart Like a Locomotive" (Joe Droukas) by (Paul Butterfield ; "Heartbreak Express", separate songs, artists followed by composers: Dolly Parton (Dolly Parton), Alabama (Jeff Cook, Phil Wolfe) ; "Hell Bound Train" (Traditional) by Frank Hutchison ; "Hellbound Train" (Andy Silvester, Kim Simmonds) by Savoy Brown ; "Helping Hand (A Thousand Miles from Home)" (Dave Bartholomew, Fats Domino), related to

This is a document about List of train songs
 "I Do Wonder Is My Mother on That Train?" (Traditional) by Blind Joe Taggart, Josh White ; "I.G.Y." (Donald Fagen) by Donald Fagen ; "I Hate the Train Called the M & O" (Unknown) by Lucille Bogan, 1934 ; "I Heard That Lonesome Whistle Blow", see "Lonesome Whistle" ; "I Like Trains", separate songs, artists followed by composers: Jim & Jesse, Bob Luman (Glenn Sutton); Fred Eaglesmith (Fred Eaglesmith) ; "I Often Dream of Trains" (Robyn Hitchcock) by Firewater, Robyn Hitchcock, Grant Lee Phillips, ; "I Once Knew a Chap Who Discharged a Function" (Gilbert & Sullivan), from Thespis ; "I Packed My Suitcase, Started to the Train" (Jennie

This is a document about Panama Limited
  The Illinois Central Railroad last ran the Panama Limited on April 30, 1971. On May 1, Amtrak took over, dropping the Panama Limited in favor of its former daytime counterpart, the City of New Orleans. This train made no connections with other trains at New Orleans or Chicago, so Amtrak moved the train to an overnight schedule on November 14, 1971, and revived the Panama Limited name. Amtrak restored the City of New Orleans name, while retaining the overnight schedule, on February 1, 1981. Amtrak hoped to capitalize on the popularity of the eponymous song written by Steve Goodman and recorded in 1972 by Arlo Guthrie.

This is a document about List of train songs
 "Happy Go Lucky Local" (Duke Ellington) by Duke Ellington ; "Hard Travelin'" (Woody Guthrie) by Dave & Phil Alvin, The Brothers Four, Lonnie Donegan, Bob Dylan, Ramblin' Jack Elliott, Flatt & Scruggs, Lester Flatt, Beppe Gambetta, Arlo Guthrie, Woody Guthrie, Cisco Houston, Kingston Trio, Jimmy LaFave, Pete Seeger ; "Harmonica Train" (Sonny Terry) by Sonny Terry & His Night Owls ; "Harvard Student, The", also titled "The Pullman Train", (attributed to Louis Shreve Osborne, 1871) by Doney Hammontree ; "He Is Coming to Us Dead" (Gussie Davis), published 1899 by Dry Branch Fire Squad (2005), G. B. Grayson & Henry Whitter (1928),

This is a document about List of train songs
  Jordan) by Asleep at the Wheel, Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown, Chilli Willi & The Red Hot Peppers, Clifton Chenier, Chris Daniels & The Kings, John Denver, Five Guys Named Moe, Foghat, The Four Knights, Bill Haley & the Comets, Quincy Jones, Bert Kaempfert, Louis Jordan, Kid Creole & the Coconuts, B.B. King, Jim Kweskin, The Manhattan Transfer, Charlie McCoy, Lucky Millinder, Kenny Roberts, Walter Roland, Widespread Depression Orchestra, Dan Zanes ; "City of New Orleans" (Steve Goodman) by Johnny Cash, Judy Collins, John Denver, Steve Goodman, Arlo Guthrie, The Limeliters, Willie Nelson, Randy Scruggs, The Seldom Scene, Hank Snow ;

This is a document about Doreen Ketchens
 This Train - New Orleans Calling, WWOZ.org

This is a document about John Beland
  Burrito Brothers bassist Chris Ethridge, for the Tribute to Woody Guthrie concert at the Hollywood Bowl. The concert received huge public acclaim and the live recording of the concert is in the Library of Congress. Swampwater and Linda Ronstadt parted ways in 1971 to become the new backing band touring the country with singer-songwriter Arlo Guthrie. While in Chicago, they learned a new song written by Steve Goodman during a soundcheck. All the band members were fans of the song and began to play it during their tours. It would go on to become an iconic song titled, the "City Of New Orleans".

This is a document about List of train songs
  Doc & Merle Watson, Eric Weissberg & Marshall Brickman, Patrick Sky ; "Ride This Train" (Harvey Watkins) by The Canton Spirituals ; "Riding in de Limited Train" (Frank Dumont), published 1880 ; "Riding on That Train 45" (Traditional, version of "Train 45") by Wade Mainer & Zeke Morris, New Lost City Ramblers ; "Riding on the Dummy Line" (Sam Booth, F.G. Carnes), published 1885 ; "Riding on the L&N" (Lionel Hampton/Dan Burley, 1946) by Dr. Feelgood, John Mayall, John Mayall & Paul Butterfield, Nine Below Zero, Steamhammer ; "Right Track Wrong Train" by Cyndi Lauper ; "Rise and Fall of the Steam Railroad, The" (Eldon Rathburn)

This is a document about City of New Orleans (train)
  The City of New Orleans is an Amtrak passenger train which operates on an overnight schedule between Chicago and New Orleans. The train is a successor to the Illinois Central Railroad's Panama Limited. The original City of New Orleans began in 1947 as part of the Illinois Central Railroad, and was the longest daylight run in the United States. The daylight train under that name ran through 1971, when it was moved to an overnight schedule as the Panama Limited. The present name was brought back in 1981, still on an overnight schedule. The train is the subject of the

This is a document about List of songs about New Orleans
  Orleans" (from Is Everybody Happy? (1929 film)) ; "New Orleans" by John Stewart ; "New Orleans" by Kid Rock ; "New Orleans" by King Curtis ; "New Orleans" by Les Humphries ; "New Orleans" by Mamie Smith ; "New Orleans" by The New Orleans Bingo! Show ; "New Orleans" by Nicky Henson & Dana Gillespie ; "New Orleans" by Parachute ; "New Orleans" by Paris ; "New Orleans" by The Pazant Brothers and the Beaufort Express ; "New Orleans" by Peshay ; "New Orleans" by Rancid ; "New Orleans" by Sarah McCoy ; "New Orleans" by St Joe Run ; "New Orleans"

Steve Goodman wrote the song "City of New Orleans" about the train.


Question: who plays helena peabody on the l word

Answer: Rachel Shelley

This is a document about Rosanny Zayas
  Zayas appeared in the Public Theater Mobile Unit's 2018 production of A Midsummer Night's Dream as Helena. Elisabeth Vincentelli wrote of her performance for the New York Times, "Best is Rosanny Zayas as Helena, who demonstrates nimble comic timing and always seems to be completely in the moment — a rarer ability than you’d think, even among the best actors." Since 2019 she been a lead cast member on The L Word: Generation Q as Sophie Suarez, an Afro-Latina producer on Alice Pieszecki's talk show The Alice Show. When Zayas was a high school student, she was an avid viewer of the original series. Zayas has acted in Modern Persuasion, Orange is the New Black, The Code, and Elementary. She also has a supporting role in the upcoming mini-series Angelyne and she is a series regular in the upcoming Netflix series Echoes.

This is a document about List of The L Word characters
  (male nanny). ; Boyfriend of Kit Porter. ; Had an affair with Hazel in season 4. ; Helena Peabody: Lesbian, portrayed by Rachel Shelley; major character in season 2, main character since season 3; first appearance in season 2 episode 2.04 Lynch Pin. ; Director of the Peabody Foundation. ; Daughter of Peggy Peabody. ; Mother of Wilson and Yun Jing. ; Had a relationship with Winnie Mann, the biological mother of Wilson previously of season 2. ; Has an affair with Tina Kennard during season 2. ; Has an affair with Leigh Ostin during season 2. ; Has an affair with

This is a document about The L Word: Generation Q
 Laurel Holloman as Tina Kennard, Angelica's biological mother and Bette's ex-wife. Holloman reprises her role from The L Word. ; Roxane Gay as herself ; Megan Rapinoe as herself

This is a document about Alice Pieszecki
  Alice Elisabeth Pieszecki is a fictional bisexual character on the Showtime television network series The L Word, and the sequel series L Word: Generation Q, shown nationally in the United States. She is played by American actress Leisha Hailey. Alice lives in Los Angeles, California, and mostly hangs out in West Hollywood. During the first seasons, she is often seen with her best friends, Shane McCutcheon (Katherine Moennig) and Dana Fairbanks (Erin Daniels). Further into the show, she befriends Helena Peabody (Rachel Shelley), and has romantic relationships with various recurrent lead characters, most notably Dana Fairbanks (Erin Daniels) and Tasha Williams (Rose Rollins). She was listed in AfterEllen.com's Top 50 Favorite Female TV Characters.

This is a document about Rosanny Zayas
  Rosanny Zayas is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Sophie Suarez in The L Word: Generation Q (2019–present). Zayas has acted in The Code, Orange Is the New Black, and Elementary.

This is a document about Rachel Shelley
  Rachel Shelley (born 25 August 1969) is an English actress and model. She is best known for playing Helena Peabody in the Showtime series The L Word and Elizabeth Russell in the Oscar-nominated Bollywood epic Lagaan.

This is a document about Jenny Schecter
  so Shane will not find it. Tina defends Jenny after the original film reels of Lez Girls are stolen, preventing the film from being released. Jenny later starts a relationship with Shane. Jenny steals Alice Pieszecki's (Leisha Hailey) ideas for a play which sparks a feud between the pair. Alice tries to convince everyone that the ideas were hers. Jenny keeps up the pretense and convinces everyone it is an original idea. Alice tries to break Shane and Jenny up to no avail. Jenny then reveals to Dylan Moreland (Alexandra Hedison) that Helena Peabody (Rachel Shelley) and the rest of their friends are setting her up

This is a document about Jodi
 Jodi Lerner, on the television series The L Word

This is a document about Tina Kennard
  Tina Kennard is a fictional character on the Showtime television network series The L Word and The L Word: Generation Q, shown nationally in the United States. She is played by American actress Laurel Holloman. Tina lives in Los Angeles, California, and mostly hangs out in West Hollywood. She is the mother of Angelica Porter-Kennard and initially the life partner of Bette Porter, though the two become on-again-off-again lovers in later seasons, and eventually marry and divorce between the events of The L Word and Generation Q.

This is a document about List of The L Word characters
 Leigh Ostin: Lesbian, portrayed by Cobie Smulders; minor character with appearance during season 2. ; Had a relationship with Valerie Goins; mentioned in episode 2.07: "Luminous" ; Dated Helena Peabody during episodes 2.11: "Loud and Proud" to 2.13: "Lacuna".

This is a document about The L Word (season 4)
 On the heels of a year highlighted by industry recognition and critical acclaim for its award-winning original programming including Weeds, Huff and Sleeper Cell, Showtime has ordered a fourth season of its hit drama series The L Word. Showtime announced a renewal of the series, in a February 2, 2006, press release: The filming of the season's twelve episodes began in Vancouver, on May 29, 2006. New cast members for the show's fourth season included Academy-Award winner Marlee Matlin, three time Golden Globe winner Cybill Shepherd, Kristanna Loken, Rose Rollins, Jessica Capshaw and Janina Gavankar. Karina Lombard reprised her role as Marina Ferrer for two episodes. Film and television star Annabella Sciorra guest-starred in several episodes as lesbian film director Kate Arden, chosen to direct the film version of Jenny's story Lez Girls.

This is a document about Gugu Mbatha-Raw
  Gugulethu Sophia Mbatha-Raw ( born 21 April 1983) is an English actress. After studying at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, she began acting in British television and stage productions, appearing in the science-fiction series Doctor Who (2007), and went on to appear in Tom Hanks' comedy film Larry Crowne (2011), and the short-lived television series Undercovers (2010) and Touch (2012). Mbatha-Raw's breakthrough came with the British period drama Belle (2013), for which she won the BIFA Award for Best Actress, and the romantic drama Beyond the Lights (2014). Her leading performance as the titular character in Jessica Swale's 2015 play Nell Gwynn earned her a nomination for

This is a document about Laurel Holloman
  Laurel Lisa Holloman is an American painter and actress. She is best known for playing Tina Kennard in The L Word.

This is a document about Jennifer Beals
  as a prequel to the Taken film series. In September 2018, Beals was cast in the role of Sheriff Lucilia Cable for the Swamp Thing series. In December 2019, Beals reprised her role as Bette Porter in The L Word: Generation Q, the sequel series to The L Word, and also executive-produces the show. She stars alongside fellow The L Word cast members, Katherine Moennig and Leisha Hailey. She will appear in the upcoming Star Wars series The Book of Boba Fett, the first spin-off of The Mandalorian, opposite Temuera Morrison and Ming-Na Wen, set to air in December 2021.

This is a document about Claudia Razzi
  in X-Men ; Raven Darkholme/Mystique in X2 ; Raven Darkholme/Mystique in X-Men: The Last Stand ; Kitty Galore in Cats & Dogs: The Revenge of Kitty Galore ; Betty Shin in Stark Raving Mad (2002 film) ; Robin Harris in The Cable Guy ; Nina Cortlandt in All My Children ; Helena Peabody in The L Word ; Mary Haines in The Women (2008 film) ; Roxanne Torcoletti in Eastwick ; Olga in Onegin ; Carolyn Crumley in Raines ; Meredith King in The Nine Lives of Chloe King ; Lieutenant Ana Ruiz in The Good Guys (2010 TV series)

This is a document about Yūko Nagashima
 Sarah Jessica Parker ; Sex and the City – Carrie Bradshaw ; Failure to Launch – Paula ; Sex and the City (film) – Carrie Bradshaw ; Did You Hear About the Morgans? – Meryl Morgan ; Sex and the City 2 – Carrie Bradshaw ; I Don't Know How She Does It – Kate Reddy ; New Year's Eve – Kim Doyle ; All Roads Lead to Rome – Maggie ; And Just Like That... – Carrie Bradshaw ; The 4400 – April Skouris (Natasha Gregson Wagner) ; Alfie – Nikki (Sienna Miller) ; The L Word – Jenny Schecter (Mia Kirshner) ; Sherlock – Irene Adler (Lara Pulver) ; The Vampire Diaries – Isobel Flemming (Mia Kirshner)

This is a document about Pam Grier
  was nominated for numerous awards for her work in the Tarantino film. Grier appeared on Showtime's The L Word, in which she played Kit Porter. The series ran for six seasons and ended in March 2009. Grier occasionally guest-stars in such television series as Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (where she is a recurring character). In 2010 Grier began appearing in a recurring role on the hit science-fiction series Smallville as the villain Amanda Waller, also known as White Queen, head agent of Checkmate, a covert operations agency. She appeared as a friend and colleague to Julia Roberts' college professor in 2011's Larry Crowne.

This is a document about The L Word
  The first season of The L Word premiered on January 18, 2004 and ended on April 11, 2004. The season introduces Bette Porter and Tina Kennard, a couple in a seven-year relationship attempting to have a child; Marina Ferrer, owner of the local cafe The Planet; Jenny Schecter, who has recently moved to Los Angeles to live with her boyfriend Tim Haspell; Shane McCutcheon, an androgynous, highly sexual hairstylist; Alice Pieszecki, a bisexual journalist who maintains The Chart; Dana Fairbanks, a closeted professional tennis player; and Kit Porter, Bette's straight half-sister.

This is a document about Jennifer Beals
  her original deception in joining the group. Beals starred in Showtime Network's The L Word, wherein she played Bette Porter, an Ivy League-educated lesbian. At Beals' request, Bette was made biracial, enabling Pam Grier's Kit Porter character to become Bette's half-sister. Beals' initial research for the part focused more on the woman's profession as an art museum director than on her life as a lesbian; "I was much more obsessed by the work that Bette did, because she was so obsessed by the work that she did." The series ran for six seasons and ended in March 2009. She also

This is a document about The L Word (season 3)
  The third season of The L Word originally aired on Showtime from January 8, 2006 to March 26, 2006 and aired 12 episodes. The season begins six months after the birth of Tina and Bette's daughter, Angelica. New characters in this season include Moira Sweeney (a working class butch portrayed by Daniela Sea who is Jenny's girlfriend for most of the season) and Angus Partridge (portrayed by Dallas Roberts), Angelica's male nanny who later becomes Kit's lover. Sweeney starts the process of transitioning switching his name to Max. Erin Daniels' character, Dana Fairbanks, starts in a multi-episode storyline dealing with a breast cancer battle and culminating with her death. Notable of this season is that each episode

Rosanny Zayas plays Helena Peabody on The L Word.


Question: who won the australian women 's open tennis tournament

Answer: Serena Williams

This is a document about 2017 Australian Open – Women's Singles
  Serena Williams defeated her sister Venus Williams in the final, 6–4, 6–4 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2017 Australian Open. It was her seventh Australian Open singles title and her 23rd major singles title overall, surpassing Steffi Graf as the Open Era leader in women's singles major titles. Serena won the title without losing a set during the tournament. This marks the first time the Williams sisters contested a major final since the 2009 Wimbledon Championships, and the first time they contested the Australian Open final since 2003. With the win, Serena also regained the world No. 1 singles ranking. Serena was roughly 8-weeks pregnant with her first daughter, Alexis Olympia Ohanian Jr., by the end of this tournament. It was Venus' first major final since the 2009 Wimbledon Championships. Angelique Kerber was the defending champion, but lost in the fourth round to CoCo Vandeweghe. Mirjana Lučić-Baroni reached her second major semifinal 18 years after her first at the 1999 Wimbledon Championships.

This is a document about 2002 Australian Open
 It was Capriati's 1st title of the year, and her 13th overall. It was her 3rd (and last) career Grand Slam title, and her 2nd Australian Open title. 🇺🇸 Jennifer Capriati defeated Martina Hingis, 4–6, 7–6(9–7), 6–2

This is a document about 2008 Australian Open – Women's Singles
  Maria Sharapova defeated Ana Ivanovic 7–5, 6–3, in the final to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2008 Australian Open, without losing a set the entire tournament, or facing a tiebreak in any set throughout the tournament. This was her third Grand Slam singles title and her first and only Australian Open. She was also the first Russian woman to win this tournament. Ivanovic lost in a Grand Slam final for the second time, though she would eventually win the French Open a few months later. Serena Williams was the defending champion, but was defeated in the quarterfinals by Jelena Janković. Justine Henin, whose consecutive streak of 33 match wins dated back at the 2007 Rogers Cup, lost in the quarterfinals to Sharapova. This was the first Australian Open appearance for future 2018 champion Caroline Wozniacki, she lost to eventual finalist Ivanovic in the fourth round.

This is a document about 2015 Australian Open – Women's Singles
  Serena Williams defeated Maria Sharapova in the final, 6–3, 7–6(7–5) to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2015 Australian Open. This was her sixth Australian Open title and her 19th major singles title overall. Li Na was the defending champion, but she retired from professional tennis on 19 September 2014. All of the top four seeds (Williams, Sharapova, Simona Halep, and Petra Kvitová) were in contention for the world No. 1 ranking at the start of the tournament. Williams retained the top position by reaching the final.

This is a document about 2001 Australian Open
 It was Capriati's 1st career Grand Slam title and her 1st Australian Open title. 🇺🇸 Jennifer Capriati defeated Martina Hingis 6–4, 6–3

This is a document about 2016 Australian Open – Women's Singles
  Angelique Kerber defeated the defending champion Serena Williams in the final, 6–4, 3–6, 6–4 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2016 Australian Open. She became the first woman to win a singles major title after having saved a match point in the first round, which she did against Misaki Doi. She also became the first German to win a major since Steffi Graf at the 1999 French Open. Williams was attempting to equal Graf's Open Era record of 22 career major singles titles. Williams' loss in the final ended her 8-match winning streak in major finals. The top three seeds (Williams, Simona Halep and Garbiñe Muguruza) were in contention for the world No. 1 ranking. However, Halep and Muguruza were eliminated in the first and third rounds, respectively, with Williams retaining the top spot at the end of the tournament. The twelve seeds that

This is a document about 2010 Australian Open
 This was Williams' first title of the year, a record 5th Australian Open title in the Open Era. The title was Williams' 12th major title, which tied her for 6th all-time with Billie Jean King and Suzanne Lenglen, and in the Open Era solo 4th having surpassed Court's 11 mark, which Williams' is behind Graf (22), Evert and Navratilova with (18) each. 🇺🇸 Serena Williams defeated 🇧🇪 Justine Henin, 6–4, 3–6, 6–2

This is a document about 2017 Australian Open
 🇺🇸 Serena Williams defeated 🇺🇸 Venus Williams, 6–4, 6–4 This was a rematch of the 2003 Australian Open final, where Serena Williams completed the first "Serena Slam" and her career Grand Slam, whilst Serena won five more Australian Open titles in the interim and her sister Venus had no other final appearances at the event. They each broke the others' serve twice to start the match with Venus finally holding serve in the fifth service game and her sister Serena holding her own serve in the subsequent game. The seventh game was the pivotal break of service that Serena Williams got on her sister Venus' serve, costing her the set just a mere three games later. During the second set, the two traded held service games for the first six games to start the set, whilst Venus started serving first. She would get broken again during the seventh game of the set, which eventually surrendered the match to sister Serena. This was Serena Williams' 23 Grand Slam singles title and seventh Australian Open title for her career, both being Open era records, whilst being one shy of Margaret Court's record of 24 in the history of tennis.

This is a document about 2003 Australian Open
 It was Serena's 5th career Grand Slam title, her 4th in a row, and her 1st Australian Open title. this also marks Serena claiming a Career Grand Slam and first of two Serena Slams. 🇺🇸 Serena Williams defeated 🇺🇸 Venus Williams, 7–6(7–4), 3–6, 6–4

This is a document about 2004 Australian Open
 It was Henin-Hardenne's 2nd title of the year, and her 16th overall. It was her 3rd career Grand Slam title, and her 1st Australian Open title. 🇧🇪 Justine Henin-Hardenne defeated 🇧🇪 Kim Clijsters, 6–3, 4–6, 6–3

This is a document about 2000 Australian Open
 It was Davenport's 1st title of the year, and her 27th overall. It was her 3rd (and last) career Grand Slam title, and her 1st Australian Open title. 🇺🇸 Lindsay Davenport defeated Martina Hingis, 6–1, 7–5

This is a document about 2010 Serena Williams tennis season
  points in a four-game run in the second set, winning 13 of the last 14 points to claim the set. She continued on her streak in the last set, increasing that to 18 of 19 points, but Williams held serve to even the third set. The two then traded breaks which saw Williams lead with a break, and never looked back as Williams took the final three games to win the grand slam title. Williams' five Australian singles titles is the most by any woman in the Open Era (since 1968), surpassing the four held by Margaret Court, Evonne Goolagong Cawley, Steffi Graf, and Monica Seles. Court holds 11 Australian Open titles overall, most coming before the Open

This is a document about 2007 in tennis
  Federer, beating Tommy Haas 6–1, 6–3, 6–1 in the semi final. Cara Black and Liezel Huber claim the Australian Open women's doubles title with a 6–4 6–7 6–1 victory over Chinese Taipei representatives Chan Yung-jan and Chuang Chia-jung. australianopen.com ; 27 – Serena Williams claims the Australian Open women's singles title defeating Maria Sharapova 6–1, 6–2 in the final. She became the first unseeded winner since Chris O'Neill in 1978. Despite her lost final Sharapova becomes the world's new number one female player. Bob and Mike Bryan successfully defend their Australian Open title in the men's doubles as they are too

This is a document about 2009 Australian Open
 It was Serena's 1st title of the year, and her 33rd overall. It was her 10th Grand Slam title, and her 4th at the Australian Open. 🇺🇸 Serena Williams defeated 🇷🇺 Dinara Safina, 6–0, 6–3

This is a document about 2007 Australian Open – Women's Singles
  Serena Williams defeated Maria Sharapova in the final, 6–1, 6–2, to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2007 Australian Open. It was her third Australian Open singles title and her eighth major singles title overall. She became the first unseeded player to win the title since Christine O'Neil in 1978. Amélie Mauresmo was the defending champion, but was lost to Lucie Šafářová in the fourth round. This tournament was the final Australian Open singles appearance for three-time winner Martina Hingis, who lost in the quarterfinals to Kim Clijsters.

This is a document about 2005 Australian Open
 It was Williams's 1st title of the year, and her 26th overall. It was her 7th career Grand Slam title, and her 2nd Australian Open title. The final featured a long injury time out for Williams in the second set at 3-3. 🇺🇸 Serena Williams defeated 🇺🇸 Lindsay Davenport, 2–6, 6–3, 6–0

This is a document about 1984 Australian Open – Women's Singles
  Second-seeded Chris Evert defeated Helena Suková, 6–7(4–7), 6–1, 6–3 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 1984 Australian Open. When winning her third round match, Evert became the first tennis player of the Open Era to win 1,000 matches. She finished the fortnight with a 1,003-97 match record. Martina Navratilova was the defending champion, and entered this tournament with a 70-match winning streak, and six consecutive Grand Slam titles. However, she was upset in the semifinals by Helena Suková. Despite this loss, Navratilova's 74-match winning streak remains the longest in the Open Era; she was attempting to complete the elusive Grand Slam. Wendy Turnbull reaching the semifinals marked the last time an Australian woman reached that stage of the tournament until Ashleigh Barty did so in the 2020 edition of the tournament.

This is a document about 2018 Australian Open – Women's Singles
  Caroline Wozniacki defeated Simona Halep in the final, 7–6(7–2), 3–6, 6–4 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2018 Australian Open. Wozniacki was the first Danish player to win a Grand Slam singles title. Wozniacki also regained the WTA no. 1 singles ranking for the first time since 2012. Both finalists saved match points earlier in the tournament: Halep saved three match points against Lauren Davis in the third round and two match points against Angelique Kerber in the semifinals, while Wozniacki saved two match points against Jana Fett in the second round. Halep lost in a Grand Slam final for the third time, though she would eventually win the French Open months later. Serena Williams was the defending champion, but chose not to participate this year, stating that she was not fully fit after giving birth to

This is a document about 1981 Australian Open
 • It was Navratilova's 3rd career Grand Slam singles title and her 1st title at the Australian Open. 🇺🇸 Martina Navratilova defeated 🇺🇸 Chris Evert, 6–7(4–7), 6–4, 7–5

This is a document about 2004 Australian Open – Women's Singles
  Justine Henin-Hardenne defeated compatriot and rival Kim Clijsters in the final, 6–3, 4–6, 6–3 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2004 Australian Open. It was Henin-Hardenne's third Grand Slam title, and her third win against Clijsters in a Grand Slam tournament final, after her victory at the 2003 French Open and the 2003 US Open. Clijsters would go on to win the title seven years later. Serena Williams was the defending champion, but did not participate this year due to injury affecting her left knee. This Grand Slam would be the last time the top two seeded players would meet in a final until the 2013 French Open, a span of 36 majors.

Serena Williams won the Australian Open women's singles title in 2017, defeating her older sister Venus Williams in the final. She also won the tournament in 2003, 2007, and 2015. Other notable winners include Jennifer Capriati in 2001 and Maria Sharapova in 2008.


Question: author of one flew over the cukoos nest

Answer: Ken Kesey

This is a document about James Oliver Curwood
  James Oliver Curwood (June 12, 1878 – August 13, 1927) was an American action-adventure writer and conservationist. His books were often based on adventures set in the Hudson Bay area, the Yukon or Alaska and ranked among the top-ten best sellers in the United States in the early and mid 1920s, according to Publishers Weekly. At least one hundred and eighty motion pictures have been based on or directly inspired by his novels and short stories; one was produced in three versions from 1919 to 1953. At the time of his death, Curwood was the highest paid (per word) author in the world. He built Curwood Castle as a place to greet guests and as a writing studio in his hometown of Owosso, Michigan. The castle was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is now operated by the city as a museum. The city commemorates him with an annual Curwood Festival.

This is a document about Ken Kesey
  Ken Elton Kesey (September 17, 1935 – November 10, 2001) was an American novelist, essayist and countercultural figure. He considered himself a link between the Beat Generation of the 1950s and the hippies of the 1960s. Kesey was born in La Junta, Colorado and grew up in Springfield, Oregon, graduating from the University of Oregon in 1957. He began writing One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest in 1960 following the completion of a graduate fellowship in creative writing at Stanford University; the novel was an immediate commercial and critical success when published two years later. During this period, Kesey participated in government studies involving hallucinogenic drugs (including mescaline and LSD) to supplement his income. Following the publication of

This is a document about Roald Dahl
  Roald Dahl (13 September 1916 – 23 November 1990) was a British novelist, short-story writer, poet, screenwriter, and wartime fighter pilot. His books have sold more than 250 million copies worldwide. Dahl was born in Wales to affluent Norwegian immigrant parents, and spent most of his life in England. He served in the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the Second World War. He became a fighter pilot and, subsequently, an intelligence officer, rising to the rank of acting wing commander. He rose to prominence as a writer in the 1940s with works for children and for adults, and he became one of the world's best-selling authors. He has been referred to as "one of the greatest storytellers for children of the 20th century". His awards for contribution to literature

This is a document about Stedman Shumway Hanks
  Stedman Shumway Hanks (July 17, 1889 – May 23, 1979) was one of the early aviators in the United States. After leaving active military service, he became a prolific writer and a prominent airport engineer who advocated airport construction across the United States.

This is a document about L. Frank Baum
   Lyman Frank Baum (May 15, 1856 – May 6, 1919) was an American author best known for his children's books, particularly The Wonderful Wizard of Oz and its sequels. He wrote 14 novels in the Oz series, plus 41 other novels (not including four lost, unpublished novels), 83 short stories, over 200 poems, and at least 42 scripts. He made numerous attempts to bring his works to the stage and screen; the 1939 adaptation of the first Oz book became a landmark of 20th-century cinema. Born and raised in upstate New York, Baum moved west after an unsuccessful stint as a theater producer and playwright. He

This is a document about Bureaucrat
 Bartleby, the Scrivener ; Bartleby (film) ; Brazil (film) ; One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (novel and film adaptation) ; Hermes Conrad ; Ikiru ; Michael Patrick Flaherty ; The Trial ; The Memorandum ; Chas Finster ; Leslie Knope ; Ron Swanson

This is a document about Paul Brickhill
  Paul Chester Jerome Brickhill (20 December 1916 – 23 April 1991) was an Australian fighter pilot, prisoner of war, and author who wrote The Great Escape, The Dam Busters, and Reach for the Sky.

This is a document about Robert Kimmel Smith
  Robert Kimmel Smith (July 31, 1930 – April 18, 2020) was a novelist and award-winning American children's author. Smith was born in Brooklyn, New York and first learned to read from his mother Sally. Smith was inspired to become a writer at age eight, when he became bedbound for three months while suffering rheumatic fever and amused himself by reading books, then inventing new characters and endings for the stories. He attended Brooklyn College in 1947 but dropped out after a year when he proved unable to do chemistry or calculus. He served in the U.S. Army from 1951 to 1953, spending time stationed overseas in Germany. When he returned to America, he married his wife, Claire Medney, in 1954. Together, they had

This is a document about Jack Hemingway
  John Hadley Nicanor Hemingway (October 10, 1923 – December 1, 2000) was a Canadian-American fly fisherman, conservationist, and writer. He was the son of American novelist and Nobel Prize-laureate Ernest Hemingway.

This is a document about Roald Dahl bibliography
  Roald Dahl (1916–1990) was a British author and scriptwriter, and "the most popular writer of children's books since Enid Blyton", according to Philip Howard, the literary editor of The Times. He was raised by his Norwegian mother, who took him on annual trips to Norway, where she told him the stories of trolls and witches present in the dark Scandinavian fables. Dahl was influenced by the stories, and returned to many of the themes in his children's books. His mother also nurtured a passion in the young Dahl for reading and literature. During the Second World War Dahl was a pilot in the Royal Air Force (RAF) until he crashed in

This is a document about Sam Keith
  Sam Keith (1921–2003) was an American writer. His most notable work was the 1973 best seller One Man's Wilderness: An Alaskan Odyssey, in which he edited and expanded on the journals of his friend Richard Proenneke's solo experiences in Alaska to create an Alaskan classic. In 2014, Keith's formerly lost manuscript First Wilderness: My Quest in the Territory of Alaska was published. Born in Plainfield, New Hampshire, in 1921, Sam Keith was the son of a wildlife artist, Merle Vincent Keith. As a teen, Keith joined the Civilian Conservation Corps and served in Elgin, Oregon, building roads. During World War II, Keith enlisted in the Marines, where he served as a radio gunner. He was shot down over the Pacific. He enrolled at Cornell University after the war on the

This is a document about Robert A. Heinlein
  Robert Anson Heinlein ( July 7, 1907 – May 8, 1988) was an American science fiction author, aeronautical engineer, and naval officer. Sometimes called the "dean of science fiction writers", he was among the first to emphasize scientific accuracy in his fiction, and was thus a pioneer of the subgenre of hard science fiction. His published works, both fiction and non-fiction, express admiration for competence and emphasize the value of critical thinking. His plots often posed provocative situations which challenged conventional social mores. His work continues to have an influence on the science-fiction genre, and on modern culture more generally. Heinlein became one of the first American science-fiction writers to break into mainstream magazines such as The Saturday Evening Post in the late

This is a document about James Peck (pilot)
  Peck is author of two books, Armies with Wings published in 1939 and So You're Going to Fly? published in 1941. With his first book, The New York Times magazine called the final chapter "one of the best descriptions of a test pilot's job ever written."

This is a document about James Baker Hall
  workshops in which Leaving Cheyenne (Larry McMurtry) and One Flew Over the Cookoo's Nest (Ken Kesey) were being written. After his first novel, Yates Paul, His Grand Flights, His Tootings (also written in these same workshops) was published to critical acclaim, Hall returned to his roots in photography. During this time, he became the close colleague of such photographers as Minor White, Richard Benson, and Ralph Eugene Meatyard, was a contributing editor for Aperture, and lectured widely on photography in such places as the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Rhode Island School of Design, the Visual Studies Workshop, and the Minneapolis Institute of Arts. In 1973,

This is a document about Anne Lindbergh
  Anne Spencer Lindbergh (October 2, 1940 – December 10, 1993) was an American writer, primarily of children's novels. She was the daughter of aviators/authors Charles Lindbergh and Anne Morrow Lindbergh.

This is a document about 1998 in literature
  ; Nick Hornby – About a Boy ; Michel Houellebecq – Atomised (Les Particules élémentaires) ; Marek S. Huberath – Gniazdo światów (Nest of Worlds) ; John Irving – A Widow for One Year ; K. W. Jeter ; The Mandalorian Armor ; Slave Ship ; Wayne Johnston – The Colony of Unrequited Dreams ; Stephen King – Bag of Bones ; Barbara Kingsolver – The Poisonwood Bible ; Dean R. Koontz – Seize the Night ; Joe R. Lansdale ; Rumble Tumble ; The Boar ; Alain Mabanckou – Bleu-Blanc-Rouge ; Patrick McCabe – Breakfast on Pluto ; Ian McEwan – Amsterdam ; Roy MacLaren – African Exploits ;

This is a document about John Wyndham
  John Wyndham Parkes Lucas Beynon Harris (10 July 1903 – 11 March 1969) was an English science fiction writer best known for his works published under the pen name John Wyndham, although he also used other combinations of his names, such as John Beynon and Lucas Parkes. Some of his works were set in post-apocalyptic landscapes. His best known works include The Day of the Triffids (1951), filmed in 1962 and The Midwich Cuckoos (1957), filmed in 1960 as Village of the Damned and again in 1990 under the same title. Wyndham was born in Warwickshire and spent most of his childhood in private education in Devon and Hampshire. He tried several careers before publishing a novel and several short stories. He saw action during World War II and went back to writing afterwards, publishing several very successful novels, and influencing a number of other writers who followed him. Wyndham married Grace Wilson in 1963; he had known her for more than 20 years. They lived in Petersfield, Hampshire, where he died in 1969.

This is a document about List of American novelists
  Earl Christopher, The Invisibles ; Winston Churchill (1871–1947), Richard Carvel ; Carolyn Chute (born 1947), The Beans of Egypt, Maine ; Sandra Cisneros (born 1954), The House on Mango Street ; Tom Clancy (1947–2013), The Hunt for Red October ; Eleanor Clark (1913–1996), Baldur's Gate ; Mary Higgins Clark (1927–2020), A Stranger is Watching ; Walter Van Tilburg Clark (1909–1971), The Ox-Bow Incident ; Isabel C. Clarke (died 1951) ; Jaime Clarke (born 1971), Garden Lakes ; Meg Waite Clayton (born 1959), The Wednesday Sisters ; Beverly Cleary (1916–2021), Ramona the Pest ; Jeremiah Clemens (1814–1865), Tobias Wilson ; Samuel Langhorne Clemens (see: Mark Twain) ; Hal Clement (1922–2003),

This is a document about Jack Higgins
  Henry Patterson (born 27 July 1929), known also by his pseudonym name Jack Higgins, is a British author. He is one of the best-selling authors of popular thrillers and espionage novels. His novel The Eagle Has Landed (1975) sold more than 50 million copies and was adapted into a successful 1976 movie of the same title. Some of his other notable books are A Prayer for the Dying (1987), The Eagle Has Flown (1991), Thunder Point (1993), Angel of Death (1995), Flight of Eagles (1998), and Day of Reckoning (2000). His 85 novels in total have sold more than 150 million copies and have been translated into 55 languages.

This is a document about William Faulkner
  William Cuthbert Faulkner ( September 25, 1897 – July 6, 1962) was an American writer known for his novels and short stories set in the fictional Yoknapatawpha County, based on Lafayette County, Mississippi, where Faulkner spent most of his life. Faulkner is one of the most celebrated writers of American literature, and is widely considered one of the best writers of Southern literature. Born in New Albany, Mississippi, Faulkner's family moved to Oxford, Mississippi when he was a young child. With the outbreak of World War I, he joined the Royal Canadian Air Force but he did not serve in combat. Returning to


Question: how much did the first cell phone cost

Answer: $3,995

This is a document about Motorola DynaTAC
  to make an analog cellular mobile phone call on a prototype in 1973. The Motorola DynaTAC 8000x was very large compared to phones today. This first cell phone was very expensive when it was released in the US in 1984. The DynaTAC's retail price, $3,995 (about $0 in ), ensured that it would not become a mass-market item (the minimum wage in the United States was $3.35 per hour in 1984, which meant that it required more than 1192 hours of work, or more than 7,45 months - just working for the phone, without taxes); by 1998, when Mitchell retired, cellphones and associated services made up

This is a document about History of radio
  city could make mobile telephone calls at one time. Mobile Telephone Service was expensive, costing US$15 per month, plus $0.30–0.40 per local call, equivalent to (in 2012 US dollars) about $176 per month and $3.50–4.75 per call. The Advanced Mobile Phone System analog mobile cell phone system, developed by Bell Labs, was introduced in the Americas in 1978,  gave much more capacity. It was the primary analog mobile phone system in North America (and other locales) through the 1980s and into the 2000s. Following development of transistor technology, bipolar junction transistors led to the development of the transistor radio.

This is a document about History of radio
  In 1947, AT&T commercialized the Mobile Telephone Service. From its start in St. Louis in 1946, AT&T then introduced Mobile Telephone Service to one hundred towns and highway corridors by 1948. Mobile Telephone Service was a rarity with only 5,000 customers placing about 30,000 calls each week. Because only three radio channels were available, only three customers in any given city could make mobile telephone calls at one time. Mobile Telephone Service was expensive, costing US$15 per month, plus $0.30–0.40 per local call, equivalent to (in 2012 US dollars) about $176 per month and $3.50–4.75 per call. The development of metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) large-scale integration (LSI) technology, information theory and cellular networking led to the development of affordable mobile communications. The Advanced Mobile Phone System analog mobile cell phone system, developed by Bell Labs and introduced in the Americas in 1978,  gave much more capacity. It was the primary analog mobile phone system in North America (and other locales) through the 1980s and into the 2000s.

This is a document about Bell Mobility
  The first cell phone conversation in Canada took place on the Bell network between Jean Drapeau and Art Eggleton, the mayors of Montreal and Toronto, on July 1, 1985. The first cell phone customer in Canada was Victor Surerus, a travelling funeral director out of Peterborough, Ontario who purchased a $2,700 CAD telephone set and took out a service subscription with Bell Canada in July 1985. Bell Mobility discontinued its Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) analog mobile network in February 2008.

This is a document about Timeline of United States inventions (1946–1991)
  car phone in St. Louis, Missouri on June 17, 1946, but the system was impractical from what is considered a portable handset today. The equipment weighed 80 lbs, and the AT&T service, basically a massive party line, cost $30 per month plus 30 to 40 cents per local call. The basic network and supporting infrastructure of hexagonal cells used to support a mobile telephony system while remaining on the same channel were devised by Douglas H. Ring and W. Rae Young at AT&T Bell Labs in 1947. Finally in 1973, Martin Cooper invented the first handheld cellular/mobile phone. His first

This is a document about History of mobile phones
  mobile phone launched on the first US 1G network by Ameritech. It cost $100M to develop, and took over a decade to reach the market. The phone had a talk time of just thirty minutes and took ten hours to charge. Consumer demand was strong despite the battery life, weight, and low talk time, and waiting lists were in the thousands. Many of the iconic early commercial cell phones such as the Motorola DynaTAC Analog AMPS were eventually superseded by Digital AMPS (D-AMPS) in 1990, and AMPS service was shut down by most North American carriers by 2008. In February 1986 Australia launched its Cellular Telephone System by Telecom Australia. Peter Reedman was the first Telecom Customer to be connected on 6 January 1986 along with five other subscribers as test customers prior to the official launch date of 28 February.

This is a document about History of mobile phones
  customers in any given city could make mobile telephone calls at one time. Mobile Telephone Service was expensive, costing US$15 per month, plus $0.30–0.40 per local call, equivalent to (in 2012 US dollars) about $176 per month and $3.50–4.75 per call. In the UK, there was also a vehicle-based system called "Post Office Radiophone Service," which was launched around the city of Manchester in 1959, and although it required callers to speak to an operator, it was possible to be put through to any subscriber in Great Britain. The service was extended to London in 1965 and other major cities in 1972.

This is a document about Martin Cooper (inventor)
  one of the most dangerous things I have ever done in my life."  That first cell phone began a fundamental technology and communications market shift to making phone calls to a person instead of to a place. Bell Labs had introduced the idea of cellular communications in 1947, but their first systems were limited to car phones which required roughly 30 pounds (12 kg) of equipment in the trunk. Motorola gained Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approval for cellular licenses to be assigned to competing entities and prevented an AT&T monopoly on cellular service. Cooper worked at Motorola for 29 years; building and managing both its paging and

This is a document about Motorola DynaTAC
  The first cellular phone was the culmination of efforts begun at Bell Labs, which first proposed the idea of a cellular system in 1947, and continued to petition the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for channels through the 1950s and 1960s, and research conducted at Motorola. In 1960, electrical engineer John F. Mitchell  became Motorola's chief engineer for its mobile communication products. Mitchell oversaw the development and marketing of the first pager to use transistors. Motorola had long produced mobile telephones for cars that were large and heavy and consumed too much power to allow their use without the automobile's engine running. Mitchell's team, which included Martin

This is a document about Text messaging
  SMS was introduced to selected markets in the Philippines in 1995. In 1998, Philippine mobile service providers launched SMS more widely across the country, with initial television marketing campaigns targeting hearing-impaired users. The service was initially free with subscriptions, but Filipinos quickly exploited the feature to communicate for free instead of using voice calls, which they would be charged for. After telephone companies realized this trend, they began charging for SMS. The rate across networks is 1 peso per SMS (about US$0.023). Even after users were charged for SMS, it remained cheap, about one-tenth of the price of a voice call. This low price led to about five million Filipinos owning a cell phone by 2001. Because of the highly social nature of Philippine culture and the affordability

This is a document about Openmoko
  The Neo 1973 (codenamed GTA01) phone was a "developers only" release. The device is named after the first year of cellular telephone communication: the inventor of the cellular phone, Martin Cooper, made the first call in 1973. The phone released was inconsistently-named Neo 1973 or Neo1973. The Neo 1973 was sold from 9 July 2007 to February 2008. It was priced at US$300 for the basic model, or US$450 for a kit including more tools for hardware work. The initial releases of the Neo 1973 were hampered by supplier shortages, which forced the shipping date to slip, and hardware development difficulties exacerbated by the small

This is a document about September 1975
 U.S. Patent No. 3,906,166 was granted to Martin Cooper and others on his team at Motorola, for the first hand-held cell phone, after it had been applied for on October 17, 1973. Cooper's team worked at reducing the original 28 pound Motorola portable device to the first hand-held mobile phone, the DynaTAC, which weighed less than three pounds, and made the world's first cell phone call on April 3, 1973. ; Papua New Guinea gained its independence from Australia. ; John A. Durkin won a second election against Louis C. Wyman for one of New Hampshire's two U.S. Senate seats, filling a vacancy that had existed since January when neither candidate was seated after the

This is a document about Mobile phone
  were not cellular, supported few simultaneous calls, and were very expensive. The development of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) large-scale integration (LSI) technology, information theory and cellular networking led to the development of affordable mobile communications, and devices such as the car phone. The first handheld cellular mobile phone was demonstrated by John F. Mitchell and Martin Cooper of Motorola in 1973, using a handset weighing 2 kg. The first commercial automated cellular network (1G) analog was launched in Japan by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone in 1979. This was followed in 1981 by the simultaneous launch of the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system in Denmark, Finland,

This is a document about Advanced Mobile Phone System
  The first cellular network efforts began at Bell Labs and with research conducted at Motorola. In 1960, John F. Mitchell became Motorola's chief engineer for its mobile-communication products, and oversaw the development and marketing of the first pager to use transistors. Motorola had long produced mobile telephones for automobiles, but these large and heavy models consumed too much power to allow their use without the automobile's engine running. Mitchell's team, which included the gifted Dr. Martin Cooper, developed portable cellular telephony. Cooper and Mitchell were among the Motorola employees granted a patent for this work in 1973. The first call on the prototype connected, reportedly, to a wrong number. While Motorola was developing a cellular phone, from 1968 to 1983 Bell Labs worked out a system called Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS), which became the first cellular network standard in the United States. The first system was successfully

This is a document about Excel mobile phones
  into how the mobile could change from an expensive professional electronics item only affordable by industry executives and millionaires to a mass consumer product. It led the DTI to create the conditions for the personal communications network transformation in the seminal consultation document "Phones on the Move". The M1 (PC105T) turned the hand-portable phone into the world's first pocket-sized cell phone. The phone cost around £2500 when first launched and some owners were Terence Trent Darby, David Steel, Joan Collins and Jonathon Morris from the popular Liverpool-based TV show Bread. The Excell phone range were also featured in the TV show owned by the character Joey who brandished his phone everywhere he went. The phones were actually dummy phones created by members of the mobile phone repair team.

This is a document about Digital media
  Motorola named Martin Cooper was the first person to make a phone call on April 3, 1973. He decided the first phone call should be to a rival telecommunications company saying "I'm speaking via a mobile phone". However the first commercial mobile phone was released in 1983 by Motorola. In the early 1990s Nokia came into succession, with their Nokia 1011 being the first mass-produced mobile phone. The Nokia Communicator 9000 became the first smartphone as it was inputed with an Intel 24 MHz CPU and had 8 MB of RAM. Smartphone users have increased by a lot over the years

This is a document about Feature phone
  The first cellular phone, the Motorola DynaTAC released in 1984, is considered a basic mobile phone due to its inability to do anything more than making voice calls. Despite the introduction of smartphones in the mid-1990s, ignited with the August 1994 release of the IBM Simon, Nokia Communicator from 1996 on, and the BlackBerry range of handheld personal digital assistants (PDAs) from Research in Motion (RiM); feature phones enjoyed unchallenged popularity into the mid 2000s. In North America, smartphones, such as Palm and BlackBerry, were still considered a niche category for enterprise use. Outside North America, Nokia's Symbian devices had captured the early smartphone market, in which price was the only barrier to entry, and

This is a document about Apple Inc.
  At the Macworld Conference & Expo in January 2007, Steve Jobs introduced the long-anticipated iPhone, a convergence of an Internet-enabled smartphone and iPod. The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, for $499 (4 GB) and $599 (8 GB) with an AT&T contract. On February 5, 2008, it was updated to have 16 GB of storage, in addition to the 8 GB and 4 GB models. It combined a 2.5G quad band GSM and EDGE cellular phone with features found in handheld devices, running a scaled-down version of OS X (dubbed iPhone OS after the launch and later renamed to iOS), with

This is a document about Improved Mobile Telephone Service
  IMTS technology severely limited the total number of subscribers. In the 1970s and the early 1980s, before the introduction of cellular phones, there were "waiting lists" of up to three years for those wishing to have mobile telephone service. These potential subscribers were waiting for other subscribers to disconnect their subscription in order to obtain a mobile telephone number and mobile phone service. These limitations resulted in low quantity sales and production of IMTS phones and the mobile units were therefore very expensive ($2,000 to $4,000). Prior to the divestiture of AT&T in 1984, Bell System IMTS subscribers usually leased the equipment at a monthly rate of up to $120. Availability of the channels was scarce hence airtime was also quite expensive at $0.70-1.20 per minute. Following the

This is a document about TAT-1
  The first transatlantic telegraph cable had been laid in 1858 (see Cyrus West Field). It only operated for a month, but was replaced with a successful connection in 1866. A radio-based transatlantic telephone service was started in 1927, charging £9 (about $45 USD, or roughly $550 in 2010 dollars) for three minutes and handling around 300,000 calls a year. Although a telephone cable was discussed at that time, it was not practical until a number of technological advances arrived in the 1940s. The developments that made TAT-1 possible were coaxial cable, polyethylene insulation (replacing gutta-percha), very reliable vacuum tubes for the

The first cell phone, the Motorola DynaTAC 8000x, cost $3,995 when it was released in 1984.