Question: who won in the battle of iwo jima

Answer: United States

This is a document about Battle of Iwo Jima
  The Battle of Iwo Jima (19 February – 26 March 1945) was a major battle in which the United States Marine Corps and Navy landed on and eventually captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) during World War II. The American invasion, designated Operation Detachment, had the purpose of capturing the island with its two airfields: South Field and Central Field. The Japanese Army positions on the island were heavily fortified, with a dense network of bunkers, hidden artillery positions, and 18 km of tunnels. The American ground forces were supported by extensive naval artillery and had complete

This is a document about Darrell S. Cole
  The Battle of Iwo Jima was fought between the United States and the Japanese Empire, in February and March 1945 during the Pacific Campaign of World War II. Ground fighting on the island took place over approximately 36 days; lasting from the landings of February 17 to a final Japanese charge the morning of March 26, 1945. The U.S. invasion, known as Operation Detachment, was charged with the mission of capturing the island's airfields. The Japanese positions on the island were heavily fortified, with vast bunkers, hidden artillery, and 18 kilometers (11 mi) of tunnels. On February 19, Sergeant Cole led his machine gun section ashore in the D-Day assault of Iwo Jima. Moving forward with the initial assault wave, a hail of fire from two enemy emplacements halted his section's advance. Sergeant Cole personally destroyed them with hand grenades. His unit continued to advance until pinned down

This is a document about Pacific War
  reproduced photograph of all time and became the archetypal representation not only of that battle, but of the entire Pacific War. For the rest of February, the Americans pushed north, and by 1 March, had taken two-thirds of the island. But it was not until 26 March that the island was finally secured. Iwo Jima was one of the bloodiest battles fought by the Americans during the Pacific War; the Japanese fought to the last man. American casualties were 6,821 killed and 19,207 wounded. The Japanese losses totaled well over 20,000 men killed, with only 1,083 prisoners were taken. Historians debate whether it was strategically worth the casualties sustained.

This is a document about Iwo Jima
  The American invasion of Iwo Jima began on February 19, 1945, and continued to March 26, 1945. The battle was a major initiative of the Pacific Campaign of World War II. The Marine invasion, known as "Operation Detachment", was charged with the mission of capturing the airfields on the island for use by P-51 fighters, and rescue of damaged heavy bombers that were not able to reach their main bases at Guam and Saipan; until then Japanese warplanes from there had harried U.S. bombing missions to Tokyo. The battle was marked by some of the fiercest fighting of the War. The Imperial Japanese Army positions on the island were heavily

This is a document about List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Battle of Iwo Jima
  The Medal of Honor is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces. The Battle of Iwo Jima took place in February and March 1945 during World War II and was marked by some of the fiercest fighting of the war. The American invasion, known as Operation Detachment, was charged with capturing the airfields on Iwo Jima. The Imperial Japanese Army positions on the island were heavily fortified, with vast bunkers, hidden artillery, and 18 kilometers (11 mi) of tunnels. The battle was the first American attack on the Japanese Home Islands, and the Imperial soldiers defended their positions to the death; of the 21,000 Japanese soldiers present at the beginning

This is a document about Battle of Iwo Jima
  supremacy provided by U.S. Navy and Marine Corps aviators throughout the battle. The five-week battle saw some of the fiercest and bloodiest fighting of the Pacific War. The Japanese combat deaths numbered three times the number of American deaths, but uniquely among Pacific War Marine battles, the American total casualties (dead and wounded) exceeded those of the Japanese. Of the 21,000 Japanese soldiers on Iwo Jima at the beginning of the battle, only 216 were taken prisoner, some of whom were captured only because they had been knocked unconscious or otherwise disabled. Most of the remainder were killed in action, but it has

This is a document about Military strategy
  With both Japan and the US fighting two-front wars (against each other in the Pacific, and additionally the US in Europe and the Japanese in China), the far greater American economic power enabled the US forces to replace battle losses considerably faster and to eventually outgun the Japanese. In several aircraft carrier battles, the initiative was taken from the Japanese, and after the Battle of Midway, the Japanese navy was rendered helpless, effectively giving the Americans vast naval superiority. After the Japanese were forced into the defensive in the second half of 1942, the Americans were confronted with heavily fortified garrisons on small islands. They decided on a strategy of "island hopping", leaving the strongest garrisons alone, just cutting off their supply via naval blockades and bombardment, and securing bases of operation on the lightly defended islands instead. The most notable of these island battles was the Battle of Iwo Jima, where the American victory paved the way for the aerial bombing of the Japanese mainland, which culminated in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the Bombing of Tokyo that forced Japan to surrender.

This is a document about Tadamichi Kuribayashi
  The US declared Iwo Jima secure on 26 March 1945, after suffering 26,039 casualties. Only 1,083 of the 22,786 Japanese defenders survived to be captured. A small number of holdouts continued to remain at large, leaving their fortified caves at night in order to steal food from the American garrison. The last two holdouts, Naval machine gunners Yamakage Kufuku and Matsudo Linsoki, surrendered on 6 January 1949. Yoshii Kuribayashi was only 40 years old when her husband died on Iwo Jima, and she subsequently worked hard to bring up their children without a father. According to their daughter Takako Kuribayashi, "My mother had been brought up as a lady, and even after getting married she had been taken care of by my

This is a document about March 1945
 The Battle of Iwo Jima ended in American victory. Japanese general Tadamichi Kuribayashi is believed to have died on or around this date, probably killed in action. ; The Battle for Cebu City began in the Philippines. ; American destroyer USS Halligan was lost to a mine off Okinawa. The ship was abandoned and ran aground on Tokashiki the following day. ; German submarine U-399 was depth charged and sunk off Land's End by British frigate Duckworth. ; The U.S. Supreme Court decided United States v. Willow River Power Co. ; Born: Mikhail Voronin, gymnast, in Moscow, USSR (d. 2004) ; Died: David Lloyd George, 82, British Liberal politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1916 to 1922; Tadamichi Kuribayashi, 53, Japanese general (believed to have been killed in action on this date on Iwo Jima although his body was never identified); Boris Shaposhnikov, 62, Soviet military commander

This is a document about Mount Suribachi
  During World War II, the Japanese built tunnel and bunker systems in and on Mount Suribachi. In February 1945, United States Marines invaded the island and initiated a major battle. For the United States, Iwo Jima was an important strategic point between the United States and mainland Japan, needed as an airstrip for damaged B-29s returning to the Mariana Islands from bombing Japan, a status that resulted in severe fighting that took the lives of nearly 7,000 Americans and 20,000 Japanese.

This is a document about Battle of Iwo Jima
  The last of these holdouts on the island, two of Lieutenant Toshihiko Ohno's men, Yamakage Kufuku (山蔭光福) and Matsudo Linsoki (松戸利喜夫), lasted four years without being caught and finally surrendered on 6 January 1949. Though ultimately victorious, the American victory at Iwo Jima had come at a terrible price. According to the Navy Department Library, "the 36-day assault resulted in more than 26,000 American casualties, including 6,800 dead." By comparison, the much larger scale 82-day Battle of Okinawa lasting from early April until mid-June 1945 (involving five U.S. Army and two Marine Corps divisions) resulted in over 62,000 U.S. casualties, of whom over 12,000 were killed or missing. Iwo Jima was also the only U.S. Marine battle where the American casualties exceeded the Japanese, although Japanese combat

This is a document about Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima
  On February 19, 1945, the United States invaded Iwo Jima as part of its island-hopping strategy to defeat Japan. Iwo Jima originally was not a target, but the relatively quick fall of the Philippines left the Americans with a longer-than-expected lull prior to the planned invasion of Okinawa. Iwo Jima is located halfway between Japan and the Mariana Islands, where American long-range bombers were based, and was used by the Japanese as an early warning station, radioing warnings of incoming American bombers to the Japanese homeland. The Americans, after capturing the island, weakened the Japanese early warning system, and used it as an emergency landing strip for damaged bombers. Iwo Jima

This is a document about Debate over the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
  the battle of Iwo Jima and other Pacific islands gave U.S. leaders an idea of the casualties that would happen with a mainland invasion. Of the 22,060 Japanese combatants entrenched on Iwo Jima, 21,844 died either from fighting or by ritual suicide. Only 216 Japanese POWs were held at the hand of the Americans during the battle. According to the official Navy Department Library website, "The 36-day (Iwo Jima) assault resulted in more than 26,000 American casualties, including 6,800 dead" with 19,217 wounded. To put this into context, the 82-day Battle of Okinawa lasted from early April until mid-June 1945 and U.S. casualties (out of five

This is a document about Timeline of World War II (1944)
  for Home Guard duties in the Volkssturm Militia. 20: The Battle of Leyte: U.S. forces land on Leyte, Philippines. MacArthur lands and states: "I have returned". :The Red Army and Yugoslav partisans under the command of Josip Broz Tito liberate Belgrade. 21: Battle of Aachen is occupied by U.S. First Army; it is the first major German city to be captured. 23-26: The Battle of Leyte Gulf: The United States Third Fleet and the United States Seventh Fleet win a decisive naval battle over the Imperial Japanese Navy in the Philippine Islands. 23: The Allies recognise General de Gaulle as

This is a document about Native Americans and World War II
  triumphant moment in the famous photograph of Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima with five of his fellow Marines—the invasion of Normandy, the liberation of the Philippines, the Battle of the Bulge, the liberation of Paris, and the liberation of Belgium. Native Americans were also among the first Americans to enter Germany and played a role in the liberation of Berlin. Casualty reports showed Native Americans fighting as far away as Australia, North Africa, and Bataan. Native American soldiers were sometimes mistaken by white American soldiers for Japanese soldiers and taken prisoner or fired upon. One of the most significant benefits that Native American men and women obtained from the war

This is a document about Iwo Jima
  Iwo Jima (, also ),   known in Japan as Iō Tō (硫黄島), is one of the Japanese Volcano Islands and lies south of the Bonin Islands. Together with other islands, they form the Ogasawara Archipelago. The highest point of Iwo Jima is Mount Suribachi at 169 m high. Although 1200 km south of the metropolis of Tokyo on the mainland, this island of 21 km2 (8 square miles) is administered as part of the Ogasawara Subprefecture of Tokyo. Since July 1944, when all the civilians were forcibly evacuated, the island has had a military-only population. The island was the location of the Battle of Iwo Jima between February 1945 and March 1945. This engagement saw some of the fiercest fighting of the Pacific War, with each side suffering over 20,000 casualties in the battle. The island became globally recognized when Joe Rosenthal, of the Associated Press, published his photograph Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima, taken on Mount Suribachi. The US military occupied Iwo Jima until 1968, when it was returned to Japan.

This is a document about 1945 in the United States
  to Manila. ; February 16 ; Combined American and Filipino forces recapture the Bataan Peninsula. ; American and Filipino ground forces land on Corregidor Island in the Philippines. ; February 19 – WW II – Battle of Iwo Jima: About 30,000 United States Marines land on Iwo Jima. ; February 23 ; The American and Filipino troops enter Intramuros, Manila. ; The capital of the Philippines, Manila, is liberated by combined American and Filipino ground troops. ; Battle of Iwo Jima: A group of United States Marines reach the top of Mount Suribachi on the island and are photographed raising the American flag. The photo, Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima (taken by Joe Rosenthal), later wins a Pulitzer Prize.

This is a document about February 1945
 During a holdup attempt at a pawn shop on Washington Street in Boston, Massachusetts, a man shot and killed the shop's proprietor and his wife. He then shot and mortally wounded Patrolman Frank B. Callahan of the Boston Police Department when Callahan tried to stop him. A fellow officer shot and killed the suspect; Callahan would die of his wounds the following day. ; The Battle of Iwo Jima began when American troops under Admiral Raymond A. Spruance landed on the island of Iwo Jima. ; Died: Darrell S. Cole, 24, U.S. Marine and posthumous Medal of Honor recipient (killed in the Battle of Iwo Jima)

This is a document about Michael Strank
  taken down. On March 26, 1945, the island was considered secure and the battle of Iwo Jima was officially ended. The 28th Marines left Iwo Jima on March 27 and returned to Hawaii to the 5th Marine Division training camp. Lt. Col. Johnson was killed in action on March 2, Sgt. Genaust was killed on March 4, Sgt. Strank and Cpl. Block were killed on March 1, and Pfc. Sousley was killed on March 21. On March 20, President Roosevelt ordered all the men in Rosenthal's photograph be sent to Washington D.C. after the battle was over. Pfc. Gagnon arrived alone on April 7 and was questioned at Marine

This is a document about John Bradley (United States Navy)
  Jima at home would have been like reading a playgirl magazine ... it would have been something I had to hide." He told his children more than once that the only real heroes on Iwo Jima were those who did not survive. His son James Bradley speculated that his father's determined silence and discomfort on the subject of his role in the Battle of Iwo Jima was largely due to his sad memories of his close friend on Iwo Jima who was killed by the Japanese, Marine Ralph "Iggy" Ignatowski. In his own words, and only once, he briefly told

The United States Marine Corps won the Battle of Iwo Jima against the Imperial Japanese Army.


Question: what geographical feature of the ocean floor is between the shoreline and the continental slope

Answer: continental rise

This is a document about Continental shelf
  The shelf usually ends at a point of increasing slope (called the shelf break). The sea floor below the break is the continental slope. Below the slope is the continental rise, which finally merges into the deep ocean floor, the abyssal plain. The continental shelf and the slope are part of the continental margin. The shelf area is commonly subdivided into the inner continental shelf, mid continental shelf, and outer continental shelf, each with their specific geomorphology and marine biology. The character of the shelf changes dramatically at the shelf break, where the continental slope begins. With a few exceptions, the shelf break is located at a remarkably uniform depth of roughly 140 m; this is likely a hallmark of past ice ages, when sea level was lower than it is now. The continental slope is much steeper than the shelf; the average angle is 3°, but it can be as low as 1° or as high as 10°. The slope is often cut with submarine canyons. The physical mechanisms involved in forming these canyons were not well understood until the 1960s.

This is a document about Continental margin
   A continental margin is the outer edge of continental crust abutting oceanic crust under coastal waters. It is one of the three major zones of the ocean floor, the other two being deep-ocean basins and mid-ocean ridges. The continental shelf is the relatively shallow water area found in proximity to continents. The continental margin consists of three different features: the continental rise, the continental slope, and the continental shelf. Continental margins constitute about 28% of the oceanic area.[1]

This is a document about Continental margin
  The continental shelf is the portion of the continental margin that transitions from the shore out towards to ocean. Continental shelves are believed to make up 7% of the sea floor. The width of continental shelves worldwide varies in the range of 0.03–1500 km. The continental shelf is generally flat, and ends at the shelf break, where there is a drastic increase in slope angle: The mean angle of continental shelves worldwide is 0° 07′, and typically steeper closer to the coastline than it is near the shelf break. At the shelf break begins the continental slope, which can be 1–5 km above the deep-ocean floor. The continental slope often exhibits features called submarine canyons. Submarine canyons often cut into the continental shelves deeply, with near vertical sides, and continue to cut the morphology to the abyssal plain. These canyons are often V-shaped, and can sometime enlarge onto the continental shelf. At the base of the continental slope, there is a sudden decrease in slope angle, and the sea floor begins to level out towards the abyssal plain. This portion of the seafloor is called the continental rise, and marks the outermost zone of the continental margin.

This is a document about Glossary of fishery terms
  from the slope, it consists of thick sediments which have cascaded down the slope and accumulated as a pile at the base of the slope. ; Continental shelf - the seabed from the shore to the edge of the continental slope, covered by relatively shallow seas (known as shelf seas) and gulfs. ; Continental slope - the slope which starts, usually abruptly at about a 200-metre depth, at the outer edge of the continent shelf and dips more steeply down to the deep-ocean floor (abyssal plain). ; Coriolis effect - due to the Earth's rotation, freely moving objects on the surface of the earth veer right in the

This is a document about Benthic zone
  The benthic region of the ocean begins at the shore line (intertidal or littoral zone) and extends downward along the surface of the continental shelf out to sea. The continental shelf is a gently sloping benthic region that extends away from the land mass. At the continental shelf edge, usually about 200 m deep, the gradient greatly increases and is known as the continental slope. The continental slope drops down to the deep sea floor. The deep-sea floor is called the abyssal plain and is usually about 4000 m deep. The ocean floor is not all flat but has submarine ridges and deep ocean trenches known as the hadal

This is a document about Continental rise
  The continental rise is a low-relief zone of accumulated sediments that lies between the continental slope and the abyssal plain. It is a major part of the continental margin, covering around 10% of the ocean floor.

This is a document about Continental shelf
  A continental shelf is a portion of a continent that is submerged under an area of relatively shallow water known as a shelf sea. Much of these shelves were exposed by drops in sea level during glacial periods. The shelf surrounding an island is known as an insular shelf. The continental margin, between the continental shelf and the abyssal plain, comprises a steep continental slope, surrounded by the flatter continental rise, in which sediment from the continent above cascades down the slope and accumulates as a pile of sediment at the base of the slope. Extending as far as 500 km (310 mi) from the slope, it consists of thick sediments deposited by turbidity currents from the shelf and slope. The continental rise's gradient is intermediate between the gradients of the slope and the shelf. Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, the name continental shelf was given a legal definition as the stretch of the seabed adjacent to the shores of a particular country to which it belongs.

This is a document about Seabed
  The seabed (also known as the seafloor, sea floor, ocean floor, and ocean bottom) is the bottom of the ocean. All floors of the ocean are known as 'seabeds'. The structure of the seabed of the global ocean is governed by plate tectonics. Most of the ocean is very deep, where the seabed is known as the abyssal plain. Seafloor spreading creates mid-ocean ridges along the center line of major ocean basins, where the seabed is slightly shallower than the surrounding abyssal plain. From the abyssal plain, the seabed slopes upward toward the continents and becomes, in order from deep to shallow, the continental rise, slope, and shelf. The depth within the seabed

This is a document about Outline of oceanography
 List of submarine topographical features – ; Abyssal fan – Underwater geological structures associated with large-scale sediment deposition ; Abyssal hill – A small hill that rises from the floor of an abyssal plain ; Abyssal plain – Flat area on the deep ocean floor ; Aquatic sill – A sea floor barrier of relatively shallow depth restricting water movement between oceanic basins ; Archipelagic apron – A fan-shaped gently sloping region of sea floor found around oceanic islands ; Cold seep – Ocean floor area where hydrogen sulfide, methane and other hydrocarbon-rich fluid seepage occurs ; Continental margin – Zone of the ocean floor that separates the thin oceanic crust from thick

This is a document about List of submarine topographical features
  Oceanic trenches are long, narrow topographic depressions of the seabed. They are the deepest parts of the ocean floor, and they define one of the most important natural boundaries on the Earth's solid surface: the one between two lithospheric plates. Trenches are a distinctive morphological feature of plate boundaries. Trenches are found in all oceans with the exception of the Arctic Ocean and they are most common in the North and South Pacific Oceans. There are three types of lithospheric plate boundaries: 1.) divergent (where lithosphere and oceanic crust is created at mid-ocean ridges), 2.) convergent (where one lithospheric plate sinks beneath another and returns to the mantle), and 3.) transform (where two lithospheric plates slide

This is a document about Outline of oceanography
  crust ; Continental rise – An underwater feature connecting the continental slope and the abyssal plain ; Continental shelf – A portion of a continent that is submerged under an area of relatively shallow water known as a shelf sea ; Contourite – A sedimentary deposit commonly formed on continental rise to lower slope settings ; Coral reef – Outcrop of rock in the sea formed by the growth and deposit of stony coral skeletons ; Guyot – An isolated underwater volcanic mountain with a flat top ; Mid-ocean ridge – An underwater mountain system formed by plate tectonic spreading ; Ocean – A body of saline water that composes much of a

This is a document about Seabed
  Most of the oceans have a common structure, created by common physical phenomena, mainly from tectonic movement, and sediment from various sources. The structure of the oceans, starting with the continents, begins usually with a continental shelf, continues to the continental slope – which is a steep descent into the ocean, until reaching the abyssal plain – a topographic plain, the beginning of the seabed, and its main area. The border between the continental slope and the abyssal plain usually has a more gradual descent, and is called the continental rise, which is caused by sediment cascading down the continental slope. The mid-ocean ridge, as its name implies, is a mountainous rise through the middle of all the oceans, between the continents. Typically a rift runs along the edge of this ridge. Along tectonic plate edges there are

This is a document about List of submarine topographical features
  An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 m and 6000 m. Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains are among the flattest, smoothest and least explored regions on Earth. Abyssal plains are key geologic elements of oceanic basins (the other elements being an elevated mid-ocean ridge and flanking abyssal hills). In addition to these elements, active oceanic basins (those that are associated with a moving plate tectonic boundary) also typically include an oceanic trench and a subduction zone. Abyssal plains cover more than 33% of the ocean floor (about 23% of Earth's surface), but they are poorly preserved in the sedimentary record because they tend to be consumed by the subduction process. The abyssal plain is formed when the

This is a document about Abyssal plain
   An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 m and 6000 m. Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains cover more than 50% of the Earth's surface. They are among the flattest, smoothest, and least explored regions on Earth. Abyssal plains are key geologic elements of oceanic basins (the other elements being an elevated mid-ocean ridge and flanking abyssal hills). The creation of the abyssal plain is the result of the spreading of the seafloor (plate tectonics) and the melting of the lower oceanic crust. Magma rises from above the asthenosphere (a layer of the upper

This is a document about Continental rise
  Because the continental rise lies below the continental slope and is formed from sediment deposition, it has a very gentle slope, usually ranging from 1:50 to 1:500. As the continental rise extends seaward, the layers of sediment thin, and the rise merges with the abyssal plain, typically forming a slope of around 1:1000.

This is a document about List of submarine topographical features
  An oceanic plateau is a large, relatively flat submarine region that rises well above the level of the ambient seabed. While many oceanic plateaus are composed of continental crust, and often form a step interrupting the continental slope, some plateaus are undersea remnants of large igneous provinces. Continental crust has the highest amount of silicon (such rock is called felsic). Oceanic crust has a smaller amount of silicon (mafic rock). The anomalous volcanism associated with the formation of oceanic plateaux at the time of the Cenomanian–Turonian boundary (90.4 million years) ago may have been responsible for the environmental disturbances that occurred at that time. The physical manifestations of this were elevated atmospheric and oceanic temperatures,

This is a document about Oceanic trench
   Oceanic trenches are prominent long, narrow topographic depressions of the ocean floor. They are typically 50 to 100 km wide and 3 to 4 km below the level of the surrounding oceanic floor, but can be thousands of kilometers in length. There are about 50000 km of oceanic trenches worldwide, mostly around the Pacific Ocean, but also in the eastern Indian Ocean and a few other locations. The greatest ocean depth measured is in the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench, at a depth of 11,034 m below sea level. Oceanic trenches are a feature of the Earth's distinctive plate tectonics. They mark the locations of convergent plate boundaries, along which

This is a document about Atlantic Ocean
  Atlantic. This involved little guesswork because the idea of sonar is straightforward with pulses being sent from the vessel, which bounce off the ocean floor, then return to the vessel. The deep ocean floor is thought to be fairly flat with occasional deeps, abyssal plains, trenches, seamounts, basins, plateaus, canyons, and some guyots. Various shelves along the margins of the continents constitute about 11% of the bottom topography with few deep channels cut across the continental rise. The mean depth between 60°N and 60°S is 3730 m, or close to the average for the global ocean, with a modal depth between 4000 and 5000 m. In the South Atlantic the Walvis Ridge and Rio Grande Rise form barriers to ocean currents. The Laurentian Abyss is found off the eastern coast of Canada.

This is a document about Deep biosphere
  slow, oxygen can persist much deeper because of the lack of nutrients to oxidize. Ocean sediment habitats can be divided into subduction zones, abyssal plains, and passive margins. At a subduction zone, where one plate is diving under another, a thick wedge of sediment tends to form. At first the sediment has 50 to 60 percent porosity; as it is compressed, fluids are expelled to form cold seeps or gas hydrates. Abyssal plains are the region between continental margins and mid-ocean ridges, usually at depths below 4 kilometers. The ocean surface is very poor in nutrients such as nitrate, phosphate and iron, limiting the growth of phytoplankton; this results in

This is a document about Abyssal plain
  the mid-ocean ridge when the new oceanic crust was formed. These faults pervading the oceanic crust, along with their bounding abyssal hills, are the most common tectonic and topographic features on the surface of the Earth. The process of seafloor spreading helps to explain the concept of continental drift in the theory of plate tectonics. The flat appearance of mature abyssal plains results from the blanketing of this originally uneven surface of oceanic crust by fine-grained sediments, mainly clay and silt. Much of this sediment is deposited from turbidity currents that have been channeled from the continental margins along submarine canyons down into deeper water. The remainder of the sediment comprises chiefly dust

The continental shelf is the geographical feature of the ocean floor that is between the shoreline and the continental slope. It is a relatively flat area that gradually transitions from the shoreline to the continental slope, which is a steep underwater cliff. The continental shelf makes up about 7% of the world's ocean floor and has an average width of 150 km. The shelf-break, which marks the transition from the continental shelf to the continental slope, is typically at a depth of 130 m.


Question: when was the first tesla electric car made

Answer: 2008

This is a document about History of Tesla, Inc.
  Tesla was founded (as Tesla Motors) on July 1, 2003 by Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning in San Carlos, California. The founders were influenced to start the company after General Motors recalled all its EV1 electric cars in 2003 and then destroyed them, and seeing the higher fuel efficiency of battery-electric cars as an opportunity to break the usual correlation between high performance and low fuel economy in automobiles. The AC Propulsion tzero also inspired the company's first vehicle, the Roadster. Eberhard said he wanted to build "a car manufacturer that is also a technology company", with its core technologies as "the battery, the computer software,

This is a document about Tesla Roadster (first generation)
  out by October 2007 and general production began on March 17, 2008. The first Tesla Roadster was delivered in February 2008 to Tesla co-founder, chairman and product architect Elon Musk. The company produced 500 similar vehicles through June 2009. In July 2009, Tesla began production of its 2010 model-year Roadster—the first major product upgrade. Simultaneously, Tesla began producing the Roadster Sport, the first derivative of Tesla's proprietary, patented powertrain. The car accelerates from 0 to 60 mph in 3.7 seconds, compared to 3.9 seconds for the standard Roadster. Changes for the 2010 model-year cars included: All of these features, except for the motor, were available either

This is a document about Tesla, Inc.
  A fourth round worth $45 million in May 2007 brought the total private financing investment to over $105 million. Prototypes of Tesla's first car, the Roadster, were officially revealed to the public on July 19, 2006, in Santa Monica, California, at a 350-person invitation-only event held in Barker Hangar at Santa Monica Airport. In August 2007, Eberhard was asked by the board, led by Elon Musk, to step down as CEO. Eberhard then took the title of "President of Technology" before ultimately leaving the company in January 2008. Co-founder Marc Tarpenning, who served as the Vice President of Electrical Engineering of the company, also left the company in January 2008. In August 2007, Michael Marks was brought in as interim CEO, and in

This is a document about Tesla Fremont Factory
  The plant's first series production vehicle is the Tesla Model S full-sized battery electric sedan. In 2011, Tesla transitioned from 20 hand-assembled "alpha builds" to 50 "beta builds", production-validation vehicles built entirely at the Tesla Factory. These cars would also be used for system integration, engineering testing, and federal crash-testing and certification. Tesla expected to produce about 5,000 Model S sedans in 2012, with production ramping up to 20,000 in 2013 if necessary. The first retail delivery of the Model S took place during a special event held at the Tesla Factory on June 22, 2012. Production grew from 15

This is a document about Elon Musk
  Musk assumed leadership of the company as CEO and product architect in 2008. A 2009 lawsuit settlement with Eberhard designated Musk as a Tesla co-founder, along with Tarpenning and two others. As of 2019, Elon Musk is the longest tenured CEO of any automotive manufacturer globally. Tesla first built an electric sports car, the Roadster, in 2008. With sales of about 2,500 vehicles, it was the first serial production all-electric car to use lithium-ion battery cells. Tesla began delivery of its four-door Model S sedan in 2012; a cross-over, the Model X was launched in 2015. A mass market sedan, the Model 3 was released in

This is a document about Tesla Roadster (first generation)
  The Roadster was developed by Tesla to mass-produce AC Propulsion's tzero concept car. After Martin Eberhard sold NuvoMedia to TV Guide, he wanted a sports car with high mileage, but could not find one. His battery experience with the Rocket eBook inspired him to develop an electric car. The production idea was conceived by Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning who incorporated Tesla Motors in Delaware on July 1, 2003, to pursue the idea commercially. South African-born entrepreneur Elon Musk took an active role within the company starting in 2004, including investing US$7.5 million, overseeing Roadster product design from the beginning, and greatly expanding Tesla's long-term strategic sales goals by

This is a document about Tesla, Inc.
  of battery energy storage systems, with 3 gigawatt-hours (GWh) installed in 2020. Founded in July 2003 by Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning as Tesla Motors, the company's name is a tribute to inventor and electrical engineer Nikola Tesla. In February 2004, via a US$6.5 million investment, X.com co-founder Elon Musk became the largest shareholder of the company and its chairman. He has served as CEO since 2008. According to Musk, the purpose of Tesla is to help expedite the move to sustainable transport and energy, obtained through electric vehicles and solar power. Tesla began production of its first car model, the Roadster, in 2009. This was followed by the Tesla Model S sedan in 2012, the Tesla Model X SUV in 2015, the Tesla Model 3 sedan in 2017, and

This is a document about History of the electric vehicle
  electric cars worldwide since delivery of its first Tesla Roadster in 2008. Tesla reported the number of net reservations totaled about 373,000, after about 8,000 customer cancellations and about 4,200 reservations canceled by the automaker because these appeared to be duplicates from speculators. The Hyundai Ioniq Electric was released in South Korea in July 2016, and sold over 1,000 units during its first two months in the market. The Renault-Nissan Alliance achieved the milestone of 350,000 electric vehicles sold globally in August 2016, and also set an industry record of 100,000 electric vehicles sold in a single year. Nissan global electric

This is a document about Tesla Roadster (first generation)
  For Tesla's second sports car or its second generation, see Tesla Roadster (second generation). The Tesla Roadster is a battery electric vehicle (BEV) sports car, based on the Lotus Elise chassis, that was produced by the electric car firm Tesla Motors (now Tesla, Inc.) in California from 2008 to 2012. The Roadster was the first highway legal serial production all-electric car to use lithium-ion battery cells and the first production all-electric car to travel more than 320 km per charge. It is also the first production car to be launched into deep space, carried by a Falcon Heavy rocket in a test flight on February 6, 2018. Tesla sold about

This is a document about Tesla Model S
  The Tesla Model S is an all-electric five-door liftback produced by Tesla, Inc. It was introduced on June 22, 2012. It received a major refresh in June 2021. Tesla positions the Model S as its flagship. In 2013, the Model S became the first electric car to top the monthly new-car-sales ranking in any country, leading twice in Norway, in September and December 2013   and in Denmark in December 2015. Sales passed 250,000 units in September 2018. The Model S was the top-selling plug-in electric car worldwide in 2015 and 2016, although it was later surpassed by the Model 3. In an early review of the Model S, Consumer Reports declared, "This car performs better than anything we've ever tested before. Let me repeat that: Not just the best electric car, but the best car.  It does just about everything really, really well." In their Owner Satisfaction survey owners have consistently rated Teslas at, or near, the top rankings. In 2019, Motor Trend named the 2013 Tesla Model S the ultimate "Car of the Year" over the magazine's entire 70-year history.

This is a document about Tesla, Inc.
  Tesla deliveries vary significantly by month due to regional issues such as availability of car carriers and registration. On March 9, 2020, the company produced its 1 millionth electric car, becoming the first auto manufacturer to achieve such a milestone. In the third quarter of 2021, Tesla sold its 2 millionth electric car, becoming the first auto manufacturer to achieve such a milestone.

This is a document about Electric car
  Board (CARB) began a push for more fuel-efficient, lower-emissions vehicles, with the ultimate goal of a move to zero-emissions vehicles such as electric vehicles. In response, automakers developed electric models. These early cars were eventually withdrawn from the U.S. market. California electric-auto maker Tesla Motors began development in 2004 of what would become the Tesla Roadster, first delivered to customers in 2008. The Roadster was the first highway-legal all-electric car to use lithium-ion battery cells, and the first production all-electric car to travel more than 200 mi per charge. The Mitsubishi i-MiEV, launched in 2009 in Japan, was the first highway-legal series production electric car, and also the first all-electric car to sell more than 10,000 units. Several months later, the Nissan Leaf, launched in 2010,

This is a document about Tesla, Inc.
  In May 2010, Tesla purchased what would later become the Tesla Factory in Fremont, California, from Toyota for $42 million, and opened the facility in October 2010 to start production of the Model S. On June 29, 2010, the company became a public company via an initial public offering (IPO) on NASDAQ, the first American car company to do so since the Ford Motor Company had its IPO in 1956. The company issued 13.3 million shares of common stock at a price of $17.00 per share, raising $226 million. In January 2012, Tesla ceased production of the Roadster, and in June the company launched its second car, the Model S luxury sedan. The Model S won several automotive awards during 2012 and 2013, including the 2013 Motor Trend Car of the Year, and became the

This is a document about History of the electric vehicle
  corporate customers began in October 2012 and is limited to the Île-de-France area. In February 2011, the Mitsubishi i MiEV became the first electric car to sell more than 10,000 units, including the models badged in Europe as Citroën C-Zero and Peugeot. The record was officially registered by Guinness World Records. Several months later, the Nissan Leaf overtook the i MiEV as the best selling all-electric car ever, and by February 2013 global sales of the Leaf reached the 50,000 unit mark. The next Tesla vehicle, the Model S, was released in the U.S. on 22 June 2012 and the first delivery

This is a document about Tesla Model S
  Model S was codenamed WhiteStar before its release. It was officially announced on June 30, 2008. The prototype vehicle was displayed on March 26, 2009. The exclusive premier was held at Tesla's Menlo Park store on April 8, 2009. In May 2010 Tesla announced it would produce the Model S at the former NUMMI plant in Fremont, California, which became known as the Tesla Factory. In 2007, Tesla announced plans to build Model S sedans starting in 2009, but production was repeatedly delayed to 2011. The first ten customers received their cars at the Fremont factory on June 22, 2012, at the official launch. Production grew from 15–20 cars completed per week in August 2012 to about 1,000 cars per week in 2015. In 2012, the United States Environmental Protection

This is a document about Tesla, Inc.
  The only discontinued Tesla vehicle model is the original Tesla Roadster. The Roadster was a two-seater sports car, evolved from the Lotus Elise chassis, that was produced from 2008 to 2012. The Roadster was the first highway legal serial production all-electric car to use lithium-ion battery cells and the first production all-electric car to travel more than 320 km per charge. It is also the first production car to be launched into space; it was carried into a Mars-crossing orbit by a Falcon Heavy rocket test flight on February 6, 2018.

This is a document about Tribelhorn
  There were vehicles manufactured exclusively with electric motor. The focus was on the production of commercial vehicles, while passenger cars were only produced in small quantities. 1902 created the first prototype. Two vehicles of this brand are in the Verkehrshaus der Schweiz to be seen in Luzern. It is also the name of a conference room at Tesla Motors, Inc.

This is a document about Tesla, Inc.
  At the time of Tesla's founding in 2003, electric vehicles were very expensive. In 2006, Elon Musk stated that Tesla's strategy was to first produce high-price, low volume vehicles, such as sports cars, for which customers are less sensitive to price. This would allow them to progressively bring down the cost of batteries, which in turn would allow them to offer cheaper and higher volume cars. Tesla's first vehicle, the Roadster, was low-volume (less than 2,500 were produced) and priced at over $100,000. The next models, the Model S and Model X, are more affordable but still luxury vehicles. The most recent models, the Model 3 and the

This is a document about History of the electric vehicle
  manage all aspects of the drive control and had the capacity for battery management. Another important technology that enabled modern highway-capable electric cars is the lithium-ion battery. It was invented by John Goodenough, Rachid Yazami and Akira Yoshino in the 1980s, and commercialized by Sony and Asahi Kasei in 1991. The lithium-ion battery was responsible for the development of electric vehicles capable of long-distance travel. California electric car maker Tesla Motors began development in 2004 on the Tesla Roadster, which was first delivered to customers in 2008. The Roadster was the first highway legal serial production all-electric car to use lithium-ion battery cells, and the first production all-electric car to

This is a document about History of the electric vehicle
  None of them entered production. The 1973 Enfield 8000 did make it into small-scale production, 112 were eventually produced. In 1967, AMC partnered with Gulton Industries to develop a new battery based on lithium and a speed controller designed by Victor Wouk. A nickel-cadmium battery supplied power to an all-electric 1969 Rambler American station wagon. Other "plug-in" experimental AMC vehicles developed with Gulton included the Amitron (1967) and the similar Electron (1977).  On 31 July 1971, an electric car received the unique distinction of becoming the first manned vehicle to drive on the Moon; that car was the Lunar Roving Vehicle, which was first deployed during

The first Tesla electric car, the Tesla Roadster, was made in 2008. The first deliveries began in February 2008.


Question: who has scored the most goals for brazil

Answer: Pelé

This is a document about 1959 South American Championship (Argentina)
 8 goals ; 🇧🇷 Pelé ; 6 goals ; José Aveiro ; 5 goals ; 🇧🇷 Paulo Valentim ; 🇵🇪 Miguel Angel Loayza ; 4 goals ; 🇦🇷 Rubén Héctor Sosa ; 3 goals ; 🇦🇷 Juan José Pizzuti ; 🇦🇷 Omar Oreste Corbatta ; 🇦🇷 Raúl Belén ; 🇧🇷 Didi ; Cayetano Ré ; Héctor Demarco ; José Sasía ; Vladas Douksas ; 2 goals 🇦🇷 Pedro Eugenio Callá ; 🇦🇷 Pedro Waldemar Manfredini ; 🇧🇴 Máximo Alcócer ; Juan Soto Mura ; Leonel Sánchez ; Mario Soto ; Silvio Parodi ; 🇵🇪 Juan Joya ; 🇵🇪 Juan Seminario ; Carlos Borges ; Guillermo Escalada 1 goal 🇦🇷 Vladislao Cap ; 🇧🇴 Ausberto García ; 🇧🇴 Ricardo Alcón ; 🇧🇷 Chinesinho ; Luis Hernán Álvarez ; Mario Moreno ; Tovar ; Ildefonso Sanabria ; 🇵🇪 Óscar Gómez Sánchez ; Domingo Pérez ; Víctor Guaglianone Own goal ; 🇵🇪 Víctor Benítez (playing against Argentina) With eight goals, Pelé of Brazil is the top scorer in the tournament. In total, 86 goals were scored by 36 different players, with only one of them credited as own goal.

This is a document about Pelé
  Pelé is the top scorer of the Brazil national football team with 77 goals in 92 official appearances. He scored 12 goals and is credited with 10 assists in 14 World Cup appearances, including 4 goals and 7 assists in 1970. Pelé shares with Uwe Seeler, Miroslav Klose and Cristiano Ronaldo the achievement of being the only players to have scored in four separate World Cup tournaments. Source:

This is a document about Ronaldo (Brazilian footballer)
  after 30 minutes, partnering 19-year-old Neymar in attack, and had three shots on target which were saved by the Romanian goalkeeper. After the first half ended, Ronaldo made a farewell speech to the crowd. With 62 goals for Brazil Ronaldo retired from international football as the second-highest goalscorer for his country, behind only Pelé (Neymar has since moved into second place, with Ronaldo the third-highest scorer as of October 2020). On 13 December 2011 Ronaldo and Zinedine Zidane played a charity match with their friends against former and current players of the German team Hamburg in the ninth edition of the Match Against Poverty series, which Ronaldo and Zidane established in 2003. In December 2012, Ronaldo and Zidane reunited for the Match Against

This is a document about History of the Brazil national football team
  equalling the record for the most goals scored across all World Cups. In the round of 16, Brazil beat Ghana 3–0; with the Magic Square restored, Ronaldo and Adriano both scored. Ronaldo's goal was his 15th in World Cup history, breaking the record. Despite Ronaldo's landmark and the comfortable scoreline, however, it was another unconvincing performance. Despite Perreira's reversion once again to a more balanced formation, with Ronaldo a lone striker supported by Kaká and Ronaldinho, Brazil was eliminated in the quarter-finals against France, losing 1–0 to a Thierry Henry goal in the second half. Led by a rejuvenated Zinedine Zidane and guarded by a resolute defence, France was barely

This is a document about Ronaldinho
 Scores and results list Brazil's goal tally first. Notes

This is a document about Ronaldo (Brazilian footballer)
 Scores and results list Brazil's goal tally first. Notes

This is a document about Lucas Moura
 Scores and results tables list Brazil's goal tally first.

This is a document about FIFA World Cup
  Three players share the record for playing in the most World Cups; Mexico's Antonio Carbajal (1950–1966) and Rafael Márquez (2002–2018); and Germany's Lothar Matthäus (1982–1998) all played in five tournaments. Matthäus has played the most World Cup matches overall, with 25 appearances. Brazil's Djalma Santos (1954–1962), West Germany's Franz Beckenbauer (1966–1974), and Germany's Philipp Lahm (2006–2014) are the only players to be named to three World Cup All-Star Teams. Miroslav Klose of Germany (2002–2014) is the all-time top scorer at the World Cup with 16 goals. He broke Ronaldo of Brazil's record of 15 goals (1998–2006) during the 2014 semi-final match against Brazil. West Germany's Gerd Müller (1970–1974)

This is a document about List of international goals scored by Neymar
   Neymar is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a forward. Since scoring on his debut for the Brazil national team against the United States on 10 August 2010, Neymar has gone on to record 70 goals in 116 international appearances, making him Brazil's second all-time men's scorer behind Pelé; he surpassed Ronaldo's total of 62 goals with a hat-trick in a 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification match against Peru on 14 October 2020. Neymar is also currently the sixth-highest active top scorer in men's international football. Neymar has scored four international hat-tricks, and netted twice in a match (known as a brace) on eight occasions, with his first hat-trick coming in an 8–0 friendly win

This is a document about List of Brazil national football team hat-tricks
  Since Brazil's first international association football match in 1914, there have been 52 occasions when a Brazilian player has scored three or more goals (a hat-trick) in a game. The first hat-trick was scored by Arthur Friedenreich against Chile in 1919. The record for the most goals scored in an international by a Brazilian player is five, which has been achieved only by Evaristo de Macedo against Colombia in 1957. Pelé holds the record for the most hat-tricks scored by a Brazilian player, with seven between 1958 and 1964., one of them in the World Cup finals. Besides Pelé, the only Brazilian players to have scored a hat-trick at the World Cup finals were Leônidas da Silva against Poland in 1938 and Ademir de Menezes against Sweden in 1950. The last Brazilian player to score a hat-trick was Paulinho, who scored three times against Uruguay in a World Cup qualifier in 2017. Brazil have conceded at least 11 hat-tricks in their history, 5 of them in matches against Argentina. the most recent, and undoubtedly the most famous, was scored by Paolo Rossi during the 1982 World Cup, which eliminated Brazil in that competition.

This is a document about Leandro Damião
 Scores and results list Brazil's goal tally first:

This is a document about Marcelo (footballer, born 1988)
 Scores and results list Brazil's goal tally first:

This is a document about Douglas Costa
 Scores and results list Brazil's goal tally first:

This is a document about List of international goals scored by Pelé
  Pelé is the top scorer of the Brazil national football team with 77 goals in 92 official appearances. His first goal came in his debut game against Argentina, the only goal of Brazil in a 1–2 defeat in Maracanã Stadium, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In addition, he scored 18 times in 22 unofficial (not full "A" international) games. This makes a tally of 114 games and 95 goals. He also scored 12 goals and is credited with 10 assists in 14 World Cup appearances, including 4 goals and 7 assists in 1970. In 1970, Pelé was the second player (with just a few minutes of difference from the German Uwe Seeler) that manage to score in four separate World Cup tournaments. The German Miroslav Klose and the Portuguese Cristiano Ronaldo repeated that achievement in 2014 and 2018 respectively. Source:

This is a document about FIFA Confederations Cup records and statistics
 Most goals scored in Finals competition: 9, Cuauhtémoc Blanco (🇲🇽 mexico, 1997, 1999), Ronaldinho (🇧🇷 brazil, 1999, 2005) ; Top goal scorer in single tournament: 7, Romário of 🇧🇷 brazil in 1997 ; Most goals scored in a Finals match: 4, on four occasions, as follows: Most goals scored in a final: 3, on two occasions, as follows: Most matches with at least one goal: 7, Ronaldinho (🇧🇷 brazil, 1999–2005) ; Most consecutive matches with at least one goal: 4, Ronaldinho (🇧🇷 brazil, 1999) ; Most matches with at least two goals: 2, Gabriel Batistuta (🇦🇷 argentina, 1992 & 1995); Vladimír Šmicer (🇨🇿 czech

This is a document about Giovane Élber
 Scores and results lists Brazil's goal tally first.

This is a document about Waldo (footballer)
  Scores and results lists Brazil's goal tally first.

This is a document about Casemiro
  Scores and results list Brazil's goal tally first.

This is a document about Felipe Melo
 Scores and results list Brazil's goal tally first.

This is a document about Thaisinha
 Scores and results list Brazil's goal tally first.

Pelé is the all-time top scorer for the Brazil national football team with 77 goals in 92 official appearances.


Question: who is fifa and how many member countries do they have

Answer: Fédération Internationale de Football Association

This is a document about List of FIFA country codes
  There are currently 211 FIFA members, each one with its unique country code:

This is a document about FIFA
  confederation is a prerequisite to FIFA membership.       In total, FIFA recognizes 211 national associations and their associated men's national teams as well as 129 women's national teams; see the list of national football teams and their respective country codes. The number of FIFA member associations is higher than the number of UN member states as FIFA has admitted associations from 23 non-sovereign entities as members in their own right, such as the four Home Nations within the United Kingdom and Special Administrative Regions of China: Macau and Hong Kong. The FIFA Working Committee of Small Nations has categorized potential FIFA members into three categories: The FIFA World Rankings are updated monthly and rank each team based on their performance in international competitions, qualifiers, and friendly matches. There is also a world ranking for women's football, updated four times a year.

This is a document about Geography of association football
  There are currently 211 national associations which are members of FIFA. An additional 12 associations are full or associate members of a FIFA intercontinental confederation, but not members of FIFA.

This is a document about European nations at the FIFA World Cup
  Association football is the most popular sport in nearly every European country, and UEFA is one of the six confederations of world football's governing body FIFA. UEFA contains 55 national association members, some of which partially or entirely located in Asia. A total of 33 of the current members of UEFA have competed at the men's FIFA World Cup, while the defunct East Germany qualified once.

This is a document about FIFA
  FIFA ( Fédération Internationale de Football Association, International Federation of Association Football Spanish: Federación Internacional de Fútbol Asociación; German: Internationaler Verband des Association Fußball) is a non-profit organization that describes itself as an international governing body of association football, futsal and beach soccer. It is the highest governing body of association football. FIFA was founded in 1904 to oversee international competition among the national associations of Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. Headquartered in Zürich, Switzerland, its membership now comprises 211 national associations. These national associations must each also be members of one of the six regional confederations into which the world is divided: Africa, Asia, Europe, North & Central America

This is a document about History of FIFA
  FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association) is the international governing body of association football, futsal and beach soccer. It is one of the world's oldest and largest NGOs, being founded on 21 May 1904. It has since expanded to include 211 member associations.

This is a document about List of football federations
 FIFA - Fédération Internationale de Football Association - 211 members - founded in 1904, represents nations from around the world, and is the overall governing body of recognised international football. Its premier tournament is the quadrennial FIFA World Cup. ; NF-Board - New Federation Board - 18 members + 14 provisional - founded in 2003 represents nations, dependencies, unrecognized states, minorities, stateless peoples, regions and micronations not affiliated to FIFA. The main tournament was the VIVA World Cup. As of January 2013, this organisation has been disbanded. ; ConIFA - Confederation of Independent Football Associations - 24 members - founded in 2013 represents nations, dependencies, unrecognized states, minorities and regions not affiliated to FIFA. The main tournament is the ConIFA World Football Cup.

This is a document about Federation of International Sports Table Football
  (Australia). ; Hong Kong: Information open. ; China: No update information. Participated at World Cup 2006 in Dortmund Ghana, Nigeria and Senegal: Contact exists ; Sudan: Contact exist to Sudan players since 2017. There are 22 FISTF Member Nations (MNA per 2020). Many others are not FISTF members as development moves on. Small associations are struggling with organisation and budgets as well as creating sustainable clubs.  In South America, the countries play also the Button Football (Sectorball, 12-Touch, 3-Touch, Chapas) codes and have a Confederation. Chile is in a development phase. in North America, the countries are in motion to form the Confederation. Mexico is in an emerging phase.

This is a document about FIFA
 Asian Football Confederation (AFC; 47 members) Confederation of African Football (CAF; 56 members) Confederation of North, Central American and Caribbean Association Football (CONCACAF; 41 members) Confederación Sudamericana de Fútbol (CONMEBOL; 10 members) Oceania Football Confederation (OFC; 13 members) Union of European Football Associations (UEFA; 55 members) 1) Independent states not in FIFA (Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Monaco, Palau, Tuvalu, Vatican City) ; 2) Non-independent territories (Åland Islands, Guadeloupe, Greenland, Guernsey, Isle of Man, Jersey, Martinique, Northern Mariana Islands, Réunion, Sint Maarten, Zanzibar) ; 3) Politically sensitive areas (Abkhazia, Crimea, Northern Cyprus, South Ossetia). Besides its worldwide institutions, there are six confederations recognized by FIFA which oversee the game in the different continents and regions of the world. National associations, and not the continental confederations, are members of FIFA. The continental confederations are provided for in FIFA's statutes, and membership of

This is a document about Association football
 Asia: Asian Football Confederation (AFC) ; Africa: Confederation of African Football (CAF) ; Europe: Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) ; North/Central America & Caribbean: Confederation of North, Central American and Caribbean Association Football (CONCACAF) ; Oceania: Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) ; South America: Confederación Sudamericana de Fútbol (South American Football Confederation; CONMEBOL) The recognised international governing body of football (and associated games, such as futsal and beach soccer) is FIFA. The FIFA headquarters are located in Zürich, Switzerland. Six regional confederations are associated with FIFA; these are: National associations oversee football within individual countries. These are generally synonymous with sovereign states, (for example: the Cameroonian Football Federation in Cameroon) but also include a smaller number of associations responsible for sub-national entities or autonomous regions (for example the Scottish Football Association in Scotland). 209 national associations are affiliated both with FIFA and with their respective continental confederations. While FIFA is responsible for arranging competitions and most rules related to international competition, the actual Laws of the Game are set by the International Football Association Board, where each of the UK Associations has one vote, while FIFA collectively has four votes.

This is a document about Oceania Football Confederation
  OFC is made up of 11 full member associations and 2 associate members. Those two are associate members of the OFC, but are not FIFA members.

This is a document about 2014–15 FK Partizan season
  These are the IFFHS club's points as of May 2014: In the "Top 100″ there are clubs from 42 countries: 67 clubs from UEFA, 22 from CONMEBOL, six from AFC, three from CONCACAF, two from CAF and none from OFC. The following leagues are represented by the most clubs in the Top 100 :Spain (7), Argentina (7), Brazil (6), England (6), Germany (6), Italy (6), France (5). Under the global ranking, the Top 10 for each of the football continents, South America, Africa, Asia and CONCACAF and also the TOP 500

This is a document about International Korfball Federation
  The IKF has 69 members at the moment. They are divided over five continental confederations for Europe, Asia, Americas, Africa and Oceanian. In 2018 the latest member to join was Thailand.

This is a document about CONCACAF
  The Confederation of North, Central America and Caribbean Association Football (La Confederación de Norteamérica, Centroamérica y el Caribe de Fútbol, Confédération de football d'Amérique du Nord, d'Amérique centrale et des Caraïbes, Confederatie van Noord-, Midden-Amerikaanse en Caribische Association Football), abbreviated as CONCACAF (typeset for branding purposes since 2018 as Concacaf) is one of FIFA's six continental governing bodies for association football. Its 41 member associations represent countries and territories mainly in North America, including the Caribbean and Central America, and due to geopolitical reasons, three nations from the Guianas subregion of South America—Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana (an overseas region of France). The CONCACAF's primary functions are to organize competitions for national teams and clubs, and to conduct the World Cup and Women's World Cup

This is a document about List of top-division football clubs in UEFA countries
   The Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) is the administrative and controlling body for European football. It consists of 55 member associations, each of which is responsible for governing football in their respective countries. All widely recognised sovereign states located entirely within Europe are members, with the exceptions of the United Kingdom, Monaco and Vatican City. Eight states partially or entirely outside Europe are also members: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Israel, Cyprus and Turkey. The United Kingdom is divided into the four separate football associations of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales; each association has a separate UEFA membership. The Faroe Islands, an autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark, also has its own football association which is a member of UEFA. The football association of Gibraltar, a British Overseas Territory, was approved as a member

This is a document about List of second division football clubs in UEFA countries
   The Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) is the administrative and controlling body for European football. It consists of 55 member associations, each of which is responsible for governing football in their respective countries. All widely recognised sovereign states located entirely within Europe are members, with the exceptions of the United Kingdom, Monaco, and Vatican City. Eight states partially or entirely outside Europe are also members: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Israel, Cyprus and Turkey. The United Kingdom is divided into the four separate football associations of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales; each association has a separate UEFA membership. The Faroe Islands, an autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark, also has its own football association which is a member of UEFA. The football association of Gibraltar, a British Overseas Territory, was approved

This is a document about FIFPro
  The Fédération Internationale des Associations de Footballeurs Professionnels (English: International Federation of Professional Footballers), generally referred to as FIFPRO, is the worldwide representative organisation for 65,000 professional footballers. FIFPRO, with its global headquarters in Hoofddorp, Netherlands, is made up of 67 national players' associations. In addition, there are five candidate members and eight observers. Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo have the most appearances in the FIFPRO World 11 with 14 each, whereas Sergio Ramos has had 11 appearances occupying the second place.

This is a document about ASEAN Football Federation
  AFF has 12 member associations, all of whom are members of the Asian Football Confederation. (*) Founding member

This is a document about Football
  The need for a single body to oversee association football had become apparent by the beginning of the 20th century, with the increasing popularity of international fixtures. The English Football Association had chaired many discussions on setting up an international body, but was perceived as making no progress. It fell to associations from seven other European countries: France, Belgium, Denmark, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland, to form an international association. The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) was founded in Paris on 21 May 1904. Its first president was Robert Guérin. The French name and acronym has remained, even outside French-speaking countries.

This is a document about West Asian Football Federation
  WAFF has 12 member associations. All of them are members of the Asian Football Confederation.

FIFA is an international governing body of association football, futsal, and beach soccer. It is the highest governing body of football and is headquartered in Zürich, Switzerland. As of now, FIFA has 211 member countries.


Question: where was it came from outer space filmed

Answer: Mojave Desert

This is a document about It Came from Outer Space
  screen treatment for It Came From Outer Space. Filming took place on location in and around the California towns of Palmdale, Victorville, and the Mojave Desert, as well as on Universal's sound stages. The film's uncredited music score was composed by Irving Gertz, Henry Mancini, and Herman Stein. Universal's make-up department submitted two alien designs to studio executives for consideration; the rejected design was saved and later used as the "Metaluna Mutant" in Universal's 1955 science fiction film This Island Earth. The fiery special effects created for the crashing alien spacecraft consisted of a wire-mounted iron ball with dorsal fin, which had hollowed out "windows" all around for the burning magnesium inside. The Arizona setting and the alien abduction of telephone lineman and

This is a document about Beginning of the End (film)
  use the term "low budget" or "ultra-low-budget." According to a statement by AB-PT President Leonard Goldenson in 1957, the average cost of the AB-PT pictures greenlit to date was $300,000. In comparison, Invaders From Mars was budgeted at $150,000, The Beast From 20,000 Fathoms cost $400,000, It Came From Outer Space cost $532,000, Them! came in at under $1 million, and 1953's The War of the Worlds cost $2 million. Filming began December 3, 1956. Shooting took place on the Republic Pictures backlot at 4024 Radford Avenue in Los Angeles, California (built by Mack Sennett and now home to

This is a document about They Came from Beyond Space
  They Came from Beyond Space was made by Amicus Productions at Twickenham Studios. Much of the exterior action was filmed on Cookham High Street, in Cookham, Berkshire, UK. The film was granted an A-Certificate by the British Board of Film Censors on 30 March 1967. The A-Cert signified that the film was 'more suitable' for adult audiences. However, in order to receive the A-Cert, the movie had to be cut from its original running time of about 85 minutes to approximately 83 minutes. Details of the required cuts are not known. The film's running time in the U.S. is the full 85 minutes. It carries no rating as it was released not long before the MPAA film ratings system went into effect on 1 November 1968.

This is a document about A Smile as Big as the Moon
  The film was shot primarily in Wilmington, North Carolina and at United States Space Camp in Huntsville, Alabama. One scene used Sky Theater inside Ingram Planetarium of Sunset Beach, North Carolina, which was adapted to appear as a planetarium would have in 1988. Filming took place there September 28, 2011.

This is a document about Mutiny in Outer Space
  Mutiny in Outer Space was filmed in six days at Producers Studio in Hollywood, beginning on 18 March 1964. The film's budget was approximately $90,000. The production companies were Hugo Grimaldi Film Productions and Woolner Brothers Pictures. Space Station X and Invasion from the Moon were the film's working titles. Although it was filmed in the US, British film critic Phil Hardy lists it in The Overlook Film Encyclopedia: Science Fiction as an Italian-American co-production. Mutiny in Outer Space is "one of a pair" of such co-productions "directed in 1965 by Grimaldi (the other being The Human Duplicators)."

This is a document about From the Earth to the Moon (miniseries)
  thruster, the thruster is not visible in the new widescreen version, as it is cut off by the top of the frame. Some captions have also been compromised. Parts of the mini-series were filmed at the Disney-MGM Studios (now Disney's Hollywood Studios) in Orlando, Florida. Scenes of the moonwalks were shot inside the blimp hangars on the former Marine base in Tustin, California. Approximately half the area inside was converted to the Moon's surface, with the remainder used to hold production trailers. To simulate lunar surface gravity, weather balloons filled with helium were attached to the backs of the actors playing the astronauts in the lunar extravehicular

This is a document about Buck Rogers in the 25th Century (film)
  eventually released in March 1979. Several shots in the movie were filmed at the Westin Bonaventure Hotel in Los Angeles, California. Several other stock shots portraying futuristic buildings on Earth are that of remaining pavilions on the site of Expo 67, including the British and French national pavilion (now open as the Montreal Casino). These shots were also included in the Battlestar Galactica episode "Greetings from Earth" (1979), in which they were said to be a city on the planet Paradeen (though in production around the same time, the episode aired a month before the release of the Buck Rogers film). Buck's NASA shuttle, Ranger 3, was itself

This is a document about 2001: A Space Odyssey (film)
  Principal photography began on 29 December 1965, in Stage H at Shepperton Studios, Shepperton, England. The studio was chosen because it could house the 60 x pit for the Tycho crater excavation scene, the first to be shot. In January 1966, the production moved to the smaller MGM-British Studios in Borehamwood, where the live-action and special-effects filming was done, starting with the scenes involving Floyd on the Orion spaceplane; it was described as a "huge throbbing nerve center ... with much the same frenetic atmosphere as a Cape Kennedy blockhouse during the final stages of Countdown." The only scene not filmed in a studio—and the last live-action scene shot for the film—was the

This is a document about Enemy Mine (film)
  in outer space. I really was very much impressed with the script but I had too much to do. That's when they offered to stop production until I was done with The Neverending Story." Petersen did not like any of Loncraine's footage. "All the magic was gone," he said. "Lou Gossett Jr. looked like a man in a rubber lizard suit and Iceland looked like Iceland. You always had a feeling of a human inside something and the feeling of the (foreign) planet was missing." He opted to start anew, scouting locations along the African coast. Stars Quaid and Gossett remained on during the duration of the film's delays and were paid "holding" money. Petersen moved the production from Budapest to Munich

This is a document about Cosmic Birth
  The interviews with the astronauts were conducted from 2013 to 2019 in Iceland as well as in the United States. Most of the astronauts appearing in the film are interviewed both on location in the Apollo geology training areas in Iceland and in space museums and at their homes in the United States. Filming in Iceland took place in 2013, 2015 and 2017 during the Apollo astronauts' revisits to their geology training areas. Filming in the US took place in 2018 and 2019 at the Stafford Air & Space Museum in Weatherford, Oklahoma, at the San Diego Air & Space Museum in San Diego, California, at Cape Canaveral and Kennedy Space Center in Florida, and at the American Museum of Natural History and the Explorers Club in New York.

This is a document about Alien (film)
  Alien was filmed over 14 weeks from July 5 to October 21, 1978. Principal photography took place at Shepperton Studios near London, while model and miniature filming was done at Bray Studios in Water Oakley, Berkshire. The production schedule was short due to the film's low budget and pressure from 20th Century Fox to finish on time. A crew of over 200 craftspeople and technicians constructed the three principal sets: the surface of the alien planetoid, and the interiors of the Nostromo and the derelict spacecraft. Art director Les Dilley created 1⁄24-scale miniatures of the planetoid's surface and derelict spacecraft based on Giger's designs, then made moulds and casts and scaled them up as diagrams for the

This is a document about Teenagers from Outer Space
  Teenagers from Outer Space was filmed on location in and around Hollywood, California, in the fall of 1956 and winter of 1957. With a number of tell-tale landmarks like Bronson Canyon in Griffith Park and Hollywood High School, which gives away the film's otherwise sketchy location. One notable aspect of the film is that it was largely the work of a single person, Tom Graeff, who, in addition to playing the role of reporter Joe Rogers, wrote, directed, edited, and produced the film, on which he also provided cinematography, special effects, and music coordination. Producers Bryan and Ursula Pearson ("Thor" and "Hilda") and Gene Sterling ("The Leader") provided the film's $14,000 budget, which was less than shoestring even by the standards of the day.

This is a document about Alien Resurrection
  Alien Resurrection was filmed at Fox studios in Los Angeles, California, from October 1996 to February 1997. Jeunet had difficulty securing studio space, as the filming of Hollywood blockbusters such as Titanic, Starship Troopers, and The Lost World: Jurassic Park were taking place at the same time. Alien Resurrection was the first installment in the Alien series to be filmed outside England, a decision made by Weaver, who believed that the previous films' travel schedules exhausted the crew. The underwater scene was the first to be shot, and for its filming Stage 16 at Fox Studios was reconstructed into a 36-by-45-meter tank, 4.5 meters

This is a document about Sunshine (2007 film)
  a similar scene in 2001: A Space Odyssey. The scene was filmed at a May Day memorial in Stockholm, Sweden. The Sydney Opera House in Sydney, Australia, was chosen by Boyle out of six monuments that he considered universally recognisable. The Opera House, according to the director, possessed a "heat-thing" quality that decided it as his choice for a final establishing shot on Earth. The snowy territory of the final scene was shot in Stockholm, Sweden, and a composite shot was created combining Stockholm's background and the Sydney Opera House. A slightly different ending was shot after the original but was not chosen as the director felt that it did not fit the film. The alternative ending became available on the DVD of Sunshine.

This is a document about Ravagers (film)
  The film was shot at the Alabama Space and Rocket Center and at the "Three Caves Quarry" at the base of Monte Sano in Huntsville, Alabama. The Three Caves location is unique because it was one of the first limestone quarries in Alabama and for a brief time in 1962 a possible fallout shelter.

This is a document about RocketMan
  The film was shot on location at the Lake Point Plaza in Sugar Land, Texas in a recently constructed building for Fluor Corporation. The building exterior was dressed with NASA signage to give the appearance of shooting at the actual NASA site. The movie was also filmed in Moab, Utah for the scenes on the surface on Mars. The filmmakers spent nine weeks at the Johnson Space Center, in Houston, Texas, shooting at the famous Rocket Park, the gargantuan Building 9 that houses all of the spacecraft mock-ups for the ongoing shuttle missions, and Building 32, which houses the world's largest thermal vacuum chamber and simulates all conditions of outer space (except zero gravity). To prepare for their roles as astronauts, the three stars attended the U.S. Space Camp at the U.S. Space & Rocket Center in Huntsville, Alabama, riding in simulators and participating in other activities. Filming started on September 16, 1996 and wrapped up on November 25, 1996.

This is a document about Project Gemini (film)
  Filming took place in Russia and Kazakhstan for 2 months. It will be released in the 2nd half of 2017. The movie was shot in Moscow at specially selected locations: a recently built business center Comcity office park, in the territory of Moscow-City, near Aquamarine residential complex at Ozerkovskaya embankment, which are located on the territory of the Russian capital. Not without consultations with experts, astronauts, during a visit to the Star City, Russia. All these objects look pretty futuristic and reflect visual image of a future city in the movie, which will be further enhanced by computer graphics. Scenery of another planet where, according to the story, a team of astronauts was sent, were shot at Charyn Canyon in Kazakhstan. As for the spacecraft, the flight and landing frames of another planet, they will be fully modeled on a computer.

This is a document about Unidentified Flying Oddball
  The film was shot on location and at Pinewood Studios London. Shooting locations included Alnwick Castle in Northumberland. The spacecraft featured in this movie was on display at the Blackgang Chine theme park in the Isle of Wight.

This is a document about Transformers: Dark of the Moon
  the former city hall in Detroit. On October 16, a flashback scene that takes place in the later 1960s was shot at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, using extras with period fashion and hairstyles. One day of shooting was also spent at the Angkor Wat temple complex in Cambodia. Other planned filming locations included Africa and China. Though about 70% of the film's live action footage was shot in 3-D using Arri Alexa and Sony F35 cameras, more than half of the film still had to be converted into 3-D in post production to fix technical flaws that 3-D filming produces. Other footage that needed to be converted into 3-D in post production was either entirely

This is a document about F9 (film)
  Principal photography began on June 24, 2019, at Leavesden Studios in Hertfordshire, England. Filming took place in Los Angeles, Edinburgh, and London, and also took place in Thailand for the first time, with Krabi, Ko Pha-ngan, and Phuket used as locations. Part of the film was also shot in Tbilisi, Georgia. Filming wrapped on November 11, 2019. In July 2019, stuntman Joe Watts, who doubled for Diesel, sustained a serious head injury during filming at Leavesden Studios. In September 2020, Michelle Rodriguez confirmed the film would be set in outer space as well, which was teased by Diesel.

The film "It Came from Outer Space" was filmed on location in Palmdale, California, as well as on the Universal Studios backlot and at the MGM sound stages. Some scenes were also filmed in Victorville, California, and in the desert.


Question: who sang i do n 't want to live without your love

Answer: Chicago

This is a document about I Don't Want to Live Without You
  "I Don't Want to Live Without You" is a song by the pop rock band Foreigner. It appeared on their 1987 album Inside Information.

This is a document about I Don't Wanna Live Without Your Love
  "I Don't Wanna Live Without Your Love" is a hit song written by Diane Warren and Albert Hammond for the group Chicago and recorded for their album Chicago 19 (1988), with Bill Champlin singing lead vocals. It is the first Chicago single to feature Champlin performing all lead vocals himself. The first single released from Chicago 19, it reached number three on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart. The B-side of the single was "I Stand Up" written by Robert Lamm and Gerard McMahon. The song was featured in the Netflix original movie Death Note, which is based on the anime of the same name.

This is a document about I Don't Want to Live Without You
  Released as the follow-up single to the song "Say You Will," "I Don't Want to Live Without You" peaked at #5 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in May 1988. It was the band's sixteenth and last entry on the Billboard pop Top 40. On the Billboard adult contemporary chart, the song became Foreigner's only #1 hit, spending one week atop the tally the week of May 14, 1988. The band had previously reached the Top 5 on the AC chart twice, with the songs "Waiting for a Girl Like You" (#5 in 1981) and "I Want to Know What Love Is" (#3 in 1985).

This is a document about List of disco artists (F–K)
  Or Die" (1978), "Sinning" (1979), "Saved" (1979), "Am I Ever Gonna Fall In Love" (1979), "Pull Up To The Bumper" (1981), "Slave To The Rhythm" (1985), ; Jack Jones ; "Theme from The Love Boat" (1979) ; Quincy Jones ; "Love, I Never Had It So Good" (1978), "Stuff Like That" (1978), "Ai No Corida" (1981), "Razzmatazz" (1981) ; Ronnie Jones ; "Soul Sister" (1978), "The Two of Us" [duet with Claudja Barry] (1978), "Fox on the Run" (1979) ; Tamiko Jones ; "Can’t Live Without Your Love" (1979) ; Tom Jones ; "Don't Cry for Me Argentina" (1979) ; Patrick Juvet ; "Ou Sont les Femmes" (1977), "I Love America" (1978), "Lady Night" (1979), "Swiss Kiss" (1979)

This is a document about United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1969
  recorded a Danish and German version of the winning song respectively. Other Eurovision artists recorded versions of the songs from the UK final. Swedish singer (and future Eurovision winner) Agnetha Fältskog recorded a version of "Are You Ready For Love?" under the title "Ge dej till tåls". Finland's Katri Helena recorded "Come September" as "Taas kun tuulee", while another Finnish version was recorded by Jarkko & Laura under the title "Kahden ollaan". Jarkko & Laura were competitors against Lulu in the 1969 Eurovision final. Gloria Hunniford also recorded "Are You Ready For Love?" in the UK. In Britain, Cilla Black, Sandie Shaw and Polly Brown all recorded versions of "I Can't Go On Living Without You".

This is a document about Inside Information (album)
  rare CD single featured an extended remix version of the track. The second single, "I Don't Want to Live Without You", reached #5 on the Hot 100. Markedly softer than any of their work to date, the record was their first and only #1 on the Adult Contemporary chart, after the more rousing ballads "Waiting for a Girl Like You" and "I Want to Know What Love Is" had reached #5 and #3 on that chart respectively. Allmusic would later observe that while "the end result lacked the distinctive rock touches of past Foreigner ballads, "Lou Gramm" contributes a lead vocal

This is a document about I Couldn't Live Without Your Love
  "I Couldn't Live Without Your Love" is a 1966 single written by Tony Hatch and Jackie Trent and recorded by Petula Clark. It was inspired by the affair the songwriters were having at the time. Clark has cited "I Couldn't Live Without Your Love" along with "Don't Sleep in the Subway" as her favorites of her hits. “I still love that one; I do it onstage with great joy,” Clark told the "Montreal Gazette" in 2017.

This is a document about I Couldn't Live Without Your Love (album)
  "I Couldn't Live Without Your Love" single. Unlike the parent albums of Clark's precedent hits which had favored original material over cover versions, the I Couldn't Live Without Your Love album featured seven contemporary covers plus the traditional pop standard "Come Rain or Come Shine". This formula proved to be a popularity booster in the UK where I Couldn't Live Without Your Love became Clark's first charting album; its #11 peak remains Clark's UK album chart best. In the US the album reached #43. The mid-60s hits Clark covers on the album include "Elusive Butterfly"; its original artist and writer Bob Lind has called Clark's recording his favourite version despite its omission of a verse. Also included

This is a document about Jackie Trent
  by Trent on Christmas 1964, just before she embarked on a three-month tour of South Africa. When the song first hit the TV screen, people contacted TV Times to ask where they could buy the record with sales accelerating. The song went to number one in May 1965, replacing the Beatles' "Ticket to Ride". Petula Clark's 1966 hit, "I Couldn't Live Without Your Love" was inspired by the ongoing affair between Trent and Hatch, and they subsequently went public with their relationship. In August 1967 they were married in Kensington. Their duet "The Two Of Us" topped the Australian charts and created a demand for concert and cabaret performances earning the duo the nickname of "Mr

This is a document about Love Will Never Do (Without You)
  of the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and Dance Club Songs charts, as well as becoming a top 40 hit across several international singles charts. It is certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), denoting sales of 500,000 units in the US alone. Lyrically, "Love Will Never Do (Without You)" speaks of love conquering all, despite negative perceptions about a tumultuous relationship. Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis originally conceived the song as a duet, potentially featuring male vocalists such as their former employer Prince, or former New Edition members Johnny Gill or Ralph Tresvant. Jackson ultimately recorded the song solo, singing alternate verses in different octaves to

This is a document about Albert Hammond
  Livi on recordings by Raphael and Eydie Gormé. Hammond also had two successful singles in the Philippines during 1981. His songs "When I'm Gone" and "Your World and My World" (from the album of the same title) were popular in the country. With Hal David, Hammond co-wrote "To All the Girls I've Loved Before", a hit in 1984 for Julio Iglesias and Willie Nelson. Hammond collaborated with Diane Warren on "Nothing's Gonna Stop Us Now", a transatlantic No. 1 in 1987 for Starship, and "I Don't Wanna Live Without Your Love", a hit for Chicago that peaked at No. 3 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1988. With lyricist John

This is a document about Don't Sleep in the Subway
  South Africa and #16 in Germany. In Australia, it was at #1 on the charts dated 16 and 23 September 1967, marking Clark's final appearance at #1 on an official national chart. Cited by Clark—with "I Couldn't Live Without Your Love" —as her favourite of her hits, "Don't Sleep in the Subway" has also been recorded by Betty Chung, Rita Hovink, Marilyn Maye, Matt Monro, Patti Page, Frank Sinatra, Caterina Valente, and Mari Wilson. A Spanish rendering, "No duermas en el metro", was recorded by both Gelu (es) and Los Stop (es). Siw Malmkvist recorded the Swedish rendering "Sov inte

This is a document about I Couldn't Live Without Your Love
  The song was recorded at the Pye Studios in Marble Arch in a session which featured guitarist Big Jim Sullivan, along with vocal group the Breakaways, and was introduced by Clark on her BBC variety series, This Is Petula Clark. The single peaked at #6 on the UK Singles Chart and #9 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. "I Couldn't Live Without Your Love" was the first single by Clark to reach #1 on the US Easy Listening chart. A hit in Australia (#11), New Zealand (#18) and Rhodesia (#7), "I Couldn't Live Without Your Love" gave Clark a hit in Germany twice, first in the original English at #13 and then again via a translation entitled "So wunderbar verliebt zu sein" (So wonderful to be in love) (#28).

This is a document about Lou Gramm
  Foreigner's first eight singles cracked the Billboard Top 20, making them the first band since The Beatles to achieve this milestone. Gramm performed vocals on all of Foreigner's hits including "Urgent", "Juke Box Hero", "Break It Up", "Say You Will", and "I Don't Want to Live Without You". He co-wrote most of the band's songs, including the hit ballads "Waiting for a Girl Like You", which spent ten weeks at #2 on the 1981/82 American Hot 100, and "I Want to Know What Love Is", which was a number one hit in eight countries. Gramm and Jones had a volatile chemistry. Gramm wanted the band to remain true to its purer rock origins, favoring music with a solid drum and guitar structure, whereas Jones embraced the 1980s style of synthesizer ballads. Gramm has

This is a document about I Don't Want to Live Without You (Gregg Tripp song)
  "I Don't Want To Live Without You" is a rock song performed by American singer Gregg Tripp. It was written by Tripp and Elliot Wolff. The song is featured prominently in the Christian Slater feature film Kuffs (1992) and is designated as its love theme. It appears on Tripp's album Tempus Edax Rerum, yet does not appear on the album soundtrack for Kuffs.

This is a document about Manfred Mann
  Mick Rogers (guitar and vocals), Manfred Mann (organ, synthesizer and vocals), Colin Pattenden (bass guitar) and Chris Slade (drums and vocals). In its very earliest stages, the band was simply billed as 'Manfred Mann' and thus a continuation of the 1960s group. The quartet (as 'Manfred Mann') released their first single, Dylan's "Please, Mrs. Henry", in 1971. Their second single, Randy Newman's "Living Without You", was also released by 'Manfred Mann' in Europe, but by 'Manfred Mann's Earth Band' in the US, where the track became a minor chart hit. From 1972 onward 'Manfred Mann's Earth Band' was the band name used on all releases by this group, and they are considered a separate band from Manfred Mann. Manfred Mann briefly reformed in June

This is a document about No Living Without Loving
  No Living Without Loving is an EP by Manfred Mann, released in November 1965. The EP is a 7-inch vinyl record and released in mono with the catalogue number His Master's Voice-EMI 7EG 8922. The cover photo was taken by Bill Francis and the liner notes were written by Tom McGuiness.

This is a document about List of songs recorded by Regine Velasquez
  Allee Willis, members of the American disco-soul group Earth, Wind & Fire, are credited as songwriters due to the interpolation of the melody of their 1978 song "September". Velasquez's eight studio album Drawn (1998) marked her collaboration with executive producer Mark Feist, who also received songwriting and musical arrangement credits on the effort. In addition to Feist, Velasquez also worked with new songwriters, such as Charlotte Gibson and Shanice Wilson. Velasquez's tenth studio album R2K was released in November 1999. A cover album, it contained the singles "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing" (1998) by Aerosmith, "The Long and Winding Road" (1970) by the Beatles, "I'll Never Love

This is a document about Twelve-string guitar
  a bouzouki rather than an electric version of the traditional 12-string guitar. In the UK in 1963, JMI briefly produced the Vox Bouzouki, later produced in Italy as The Vox Tempest XII, which was used by Vic Flick on the Peter and Gordon hit single "A World Without Love" in 1964. In late 1963, Burns developed the Double Six, supplying a prototype to Hank Marvin of The Shadows, who used it on a number of songs for the soundtrack of the 1964 Cliff Richard movie Wonderful Life; the Double Six was also used on The Searchers' cover version of De Shannon's

This is a document about 1970 in music
  Elvis Presley • "Wonderful World, Beautiful People" – Jimmy Cliff • "Woodstock" – Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young • "Woodstock" – Matthews Southern Comfort • "Years May Come, Years May Go" – Herman's Hermits • "Yellow River" – Christie • "You Can Get It If You Really Want" – Desmond Dekker • "You Don't Have to Say You Love Me" – Elvis Presley • "You Need Love Like I Do (Don't You)" – Gladys Knight & the Pips • "(You've Got Me) Dangling on a String" – Chairmen of the Board • "Young, Gifted and Black" – Bob and Marcia

The song "I Don't Want to Live Without Your Love" was sung by Bill Champlin of the band Chicago.