Question: when was the constitution of united states written

Answer: September 17 , 1787

This is a document about Federalist Era
  The United States Constitution was written at the 1787 Philadelphia Convention and ratified by the states in 1788, taking effect in 1789. During the 1780s, the United States had operated under the Articles of Confederation, which was essentially a treaty of thirteen sovereign states. Domestic and foreign policy challenges convinced many in the United States of the need for a new constitution that provided for a stronger national government. The supporters of ratification of the Constitution were called Federalists while the opponents were called Anti-Federalists. The immediate problem faced by the Federalists was not simply one of acceptance of the Constitution but the more fundamental

This is a document about History of the United States Constitution
   The United States Constitution has served as the supreme law of the United States since taking effect in 1789. The document was written at the 1787 Philadelphia Convention and was ratified through a series of state conventions held in 1787 and 1788. Since 1789, the Constitution has been amended twenty-seven times; particularly important amendments include the ten amendments of the United States Bill of Rights and the three Reconstruction Amendments. The Constitution grew out of efforts to reform the Articles of Confederation, an earlier constitution which provided for a loose alliance of states with a weak central government. From May 1787 through September 1787, delegates from twelve of the thirteen states convened in

This is a document about Origination Clause
  The U.S. Constitution was written in 1787 and adopted in 1789. Several state constitutions followed British practice by providing that "money bills" must start in the more representative branch of the state legislature. Vesting the power of origination in the House of Representatives was part of the Great Compromise in which the framers also agreed to allow equality in the Senate, regardless of a state's population, and to allow representation in the House based on a state's population. The framers adopted the Great Compromise on July 16, 1787. The draft clause then stated that "all bills for raising or appropriating money.... shall originate in the

This is a document about Constitution of the United States
   The signing of the United States Constitution occurred on September 17, 1787, when 39 delegates to the Constitutional Convention endorsed the constitution created during the convention. In addition to signatures, this closing endorsement, the Constitution's eschatocol, included a brief declaration that the delegates' work has been successfully completed and that those whose signatures appear on it subscribe to the final document. Included are a statement pronouncing the document's adoption by the states present, a formulaic dating of its adoption, and the signatures of those endorsing it. Additionally, the convention's secretary, William Jackson, added a note to verify four amendments made by hand to the final document, and signed the note to authenticate its validity. The language of the concluding endorsement, conceived

This is a document about Timeline of drafting and ratification of the United States Constitution
  The drafting of the Constitution of the United States began on May 25, 1787, when the Constitutional Convention met for the first time with a quorum at the Pennsylvania State House (now Independence Hall) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to revise the Articles of Confederation. It ended on September 17, 1787, the day the Frame of Government drafted by the convention's delegates to replace the Articles was adopted and signed. The ratification process for the Constitution began that day, and ended when the final state, Rhode Island, ratified it on May 29, 1790. In addition to key events during the Constitutional Convention and afterward while the Constitution was put before the states for their ratification, this timeline includes important events that occurred during the run-up to the convention and during the nation's transition from government under the Articles of Confederation to government under the Constitution. It concludes with the unique ratification vote of the Vermont Republic, which at the time was a sovereign state outside the Union. The time span covered is 22 years, 4 months, from March 25, 1785 to January 10, 1791.

This is a document about New York (state)
  courts, and the power to tax. Hamilton led the Annapolis Convention (1786) that called for the Philadelphia Convention, which drafted the United States Constitution, in which he also took part. The new government was to be a strong federal national government to replace the relatively weaker confederation of individual states. Following heated debate, which included the publication of the now quintessential constitutional interpretation—The Federalist Papers—as a series of installments in New York City newspapers, New York was the 11th state to ratify the United States Constitution, on July 26, 1788. New York remained the national capital under the new

This is a document about History of Massachusetts
   A Constitutional Convention drew up a state constitution, which was drafted primarily by John Adams, and ratified by the people on June 15, 1780. Adams, along with Samuel Adams and James Bowdoin, wrote in the Preamble to the Constitution of the Commonwealth: "We, therefore, the people of Massachusetts, acknowledging, with grateful hearts, the goodness of the Great Legislator of the Universe, in affording us, in the course of His Providence, an opportunity, deliberately and peaceably, without fraud, violence or surprise, on entering into an Original, explicit, and Solemn Compact with each other; and of forming a new Constitution of Civil Government, for Ourselves and Posterity, and devoutly imploring His direction in so interesting a design, Do agree upon, ordain and establish, the following Declaration of Rights, and Frame

This is a document about Federalist No. 14
  The Federalist Papers), all which were printed in New York newspapers under the pseudonym "Publius" addressed "To the People of the State of New York." After 85 Federalist essays and 10 months of deliberation, the Constitution was ratified on July 21, 1788. The 14th Federalist Paper, written by James Madison, addressed the topics of identifying the form of government which the Union was trying to attain, the size of the Union, the separation of powers between the general government and the States, the traveling within the Union, and the benefits in regards to States at the borderline of the Union.

This is a document about Constitution
  Since 1789, along with the Constitution of the United States of America (U.S. Constitution), which is the oldest and shortest written constitution still in force, close to 800 constitutions have been adopted and subsequently amended around the world by independent states. In the late 18th century, Thomas Jefferson predicted that a period of 20 years would be the optimal time for any constitution to be still in force, since "the earth belongs to the living, and not to the dead." Indeed, according to recent studies, the average life of any new written constitution is around 19 years. However, a great number of constitutions do

This is a document about List of Princeton University people (United States Congress, Supreme Court, Continental Congress and Constitutional Convention)
  The impotence of the national government under the Articles of Confederation prompted the Constitutional Convention, which met in Philadelphia between 25 May and 17 September 1787. This assembly wrote the Constitution of the United States, which came into effect in 1789 after nine states had ratified it. Princetonians represented six of the 12 states that sent delegations to the convention. (Rhode Island declined to send a delegation.) Ten of the 56 delegates were Princetonians, including four of the five delegates from New Jersey. This compares with five delegates each from the College of William & Mary and Yale College, three each from Harvard College

This is a document about 1787 in the United States
  Events from the year 1787 in the United States. The United States Constitution was written and the ratification process began.

This is a document about List of amendments to the United States Constitution
  United States Constitution have been proposed by the United States Congress and sent to the states for ratification since the Constitution was put into operation on March 4, 1789. Twenty-seven of these, having been ratified by the requisite number of states, are part of the Constitution. The first 10 amendments were adopted and ratified simultaneously and are known collectively as the Bill of Rights. Six amendments adopted by Congress and sent to the states have not been ratified by the required number of states. Four of these amendments are still pending, 1 is closed and has failed by its own terms, and 1 is closed and has failed by the terms of the resolution

This is a document about Signing of the United States Constitution
  Not to be confused with Howard Chandler Christy's painting Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States. The Signing of the United States Constitution occurred on September 17, 1787, at Independence Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, when 39 delegates to the Constitutional Convention, representing 12 states (all but Rhode Island, which declined to send delegates), endorsed the Constitution created during the four-month-long convention. In addition to signatures, this endorsement, the Constitution's closing protocol, included a brief declaration that the delegates' work has been successfully completed and that those whose signatures appear on it subscribe to the final document. Included are, a statement pronouncing the document's adoption by the states present, a formulaic dating of its adoption, along with the signatures

This is a document about Massachusetts
   Massachusetts has a long political history; earlier political structures included the Mayflower Compact of 1620, the separate Massachusetts Bay and Plymouth colonies, and the combined colonial Province of Massachusetts. The Massachusetts Constitution was ratified in 1780 while the Revolutionary War was in progress, four years after the Articles of Confederation was drafted, and eight years before the present United States Constitution was ratified on June 21, 1788. Drafted by John Adams, the Massachusetts Constitution is currently the oldest functioning written constitution in continuous effect in the world. It has been amended 120 times, most recently in 2000. Massachusetts politics since the second half

This is a document about Names of the United States
  completed no later than June 17, 1776, declared "The name of this Confederation shall be the 'United States of America'." The final version of the Articles, sent to the states for ratification in late 1777, stated that "The Stile of this Confederacy shall be 'The United States of America'." In June 1776, Thomas Jefferson wrote "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" in all capitalized letters in the headline of his "original Rough draught" of the Declaration of Independence. This draft of the document did not surface until June 21, 1776, and it is unclear whether it was written before or after Dickinson used the term in his June 17 draft of the Articles of Confederation. In any case, the Declaration of Independence was the first official document to use the nation's new title.

This is a document about American philosophy
  About the time of the Stamp Act, interest rose in civil and political philosophy. Many of the Founding Fathers wrote extensively on political issues, including John Adams, John Dickinson, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and James Madison. In continuing with the chief concerns of the Puritans in the 17th century, the Founding Fathers debated the interrelationship between God, the state, and the individual. Resulting from this were the United States Declaration of Independence, passed in 1776, and the United States Constitution, ratified in 1788. The Constitution sets forth a federal and republican form of government that is marked by a balance of powers

This is a document about Constitution of Massachusetts
  The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is the fundamental governing document of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, one of the 50 individual state governments that make up the United States of America. As a member of the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention of 1779, John Adams was the document's principal author. Voters approved the document on June 15, 1780. It became effective on October 25, 1780, and is among the oldest functioning written constitutions in continuous effect in the world. (The constitutions of San Marino and Vermont have sections still in force that are older.) It was also the first constitution anywhere to be created by a convention called

This is a document about The Federalist Papers
  Written in Favour of the New Constitution, as Agreed upon by the Federal Convention, September 17, 1787 by publishing firm J. & A. McLean in March and May 1788. The last eight papers (Nos. 78–85) were republished in the New York newspapers between June 14 and August 16, 1788. The authors of The Federalist intended to influence the voters to ratify the Constitution. In Federalist No. 1, they explicitly set that debate in broad political terms:"It has been frequently remarked, that it seems to have been reserved to the people of this country, by their conduct and example, to decide

This is a document about Tariff in United States history
   After the United States achieved independence in 1783, under the Articles of Confederation, the U.S. federal government, could not collect taxes directly but had to "request" money from each state—an almost fatal flaw for a federal government. Lack of ability to tax directly was one of several major flaws in the Articles of Confederation. The ability to tax directly was addressed in the drafting of the United States Constitution in May to September 1787 Constitutional Convention (United States) in Philadelphia. It came into effect in 1789. It specified that the United States House of Representatives has to originate all tax and

This is a document about Confederation Period
  which came to be known as the Articles of Confederation, provided for a weak national government with little power to coerce the state governments. The first article of the new constitution established a name for the new confederacy – the United States of America. The first draft of the Articles of Confederation, written by John Dickinson, was presented to Congress on July 12, 1776, but Congress did not send the proposed constitution to the states until November 1777. Three major constitutional issues divided Congress: state borders, including claims to lands west of the Appalachian Mountains, state representation in the new Congress, and whether tax levies on states should take slaves into account. Ultimately, Congress decided that each state would have one

The United States Constitution was written between May 25, 1787, and September 17, 1787, during the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The final draft was signed on September 17, 1787.


Question: who was the first african american to run for president of the united states

Answer: Shirley Chisholm

This is a document about List of Mexican presidential firsts
 First president with significant African ancestry.

This is a document about List of United States presidential candidate firsts
 First African-American man to seek a major party's presidential nomination: Jesse Jackson

This is a document about African-American candidates for President of the United States
 For African American presidential candidates in minor parties as well as major parties, see List of African-American United States presidential and vice presidential candidates.   This article is about African-American candidates for President of the United States. The article covers only candidates from major parties (including one who briefly left one of the major parties to run). On November 4, 2008, U.S. Senator Barack Obama (D-IL) was elected president of the United States. He was the first African American to win a presidential election and the first African American to serve as president of the United States. He was re-elected as president in 2012.

This is a document about 1872 United States presidential election
  Victoria Woodhull is recognized as the first woman to run for president. She was nominated by the small Equal Rights Party. Frederick Douglass was nominated as her running mate, although he did not attend the convention, acknowledge his nomination, or take an active role in the campaign.

This is a document about List of African-American firsts
 First African-American to vote in an election under the 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution, granting voting rights regardless of race: Thomas Mundy Peterson ; First African American to graduate from Harvard College: Richard Theodore Greener. ; First African-American elected to the U.S. Senate, and first to serve in the U.S. Congress: Hiram Rhodes Revels (R–MS). ; First African American to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives: Joseph Rainey (R-SC). ; First African-American acting governor: Oscar James Dunn of Louisiana from May until August 9, 1871, when sitting Governor Warmoth was incapacitated and chose to recuperate in Mississippi. (See also: Douglas Wilder, 1990)

This is a document about Members of the 111th United States Congress
  of 2008 and becoming the first African American to be elected President of the United States. Until the emancipation of enslaved African Americans after the Civil War and the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1866, blacks were generally barred from voting outside of the Northeast. As a result of these new laws, Joseph Rainey and Jefferson F. Long won election to Congress in majority-black districts and Hiram Rhodes Revels was appointed as senator from Mississippi (then a majority-black state) in 1870. However, the end of Reconstruction in 1876 marked a weakening of black rights and by 1901, when George Henry White left the House after losing a reelection bid,

This is a document about Frederick Douglass
  South Carolina and sending troops there and into other states. Under his leadership over 5,000 arrests were made. Grant's vigor in disrupting the Klan made him unpopular among many whites but earned praise from Douglass. A Douglass associate wrote that African Americans "will ever cherish a grateful remembrance of [Grant's] name, fame and great services." In 1872, Douglass became the first African American nominated for Vice President of the United States, as Victoria Woodhull's running mate on the Equal Rights Party ticket. He was nominated without his knowledge. Douglass neither campaigned for the ticket nor acknowledged that he had been nominated. In that year, he was

This is a document about Clennon Washington King Sr.
 Clennon Washington King Jr. (July 18, 1920 – February 12, 2000) was a civil rights activist and the first African-American to run for President of the United States of America; ; Chevene Bowers King (1923–1988), was a prominent civil rights attorney whose client list included Martin Luther King Jr. Posthumously Chevene had a United States Courthouse in Albany, Georgia named after him. ; Slater Hunter King (July 18, 1927 – 1969) was a successful real estate broker and civil rights leader who helped his father found the Albany chapter of the NAACP; ; Preston King (b. 1936) is a civil rights activist, professor, lecturer and political theorist who was exiled from the United States during the Civil Rights era, but was later pardoned by Bill Clinton in 2000, after 39 years. Marvin Kenneth King (February 27, 1922 – July 27, 2008) ; Paul Dickens King ; Allen

This is a document about Frederick Douglass
  the distinguished citizens of the country," the Chester County PA newspaper remarked.  At the 1888 Republican National Convention, Douglass became the first African American to receive a vote for President of the United States in a major party's roll call vote. That year, Douglass spoke at Claflin College, a historically black college in Orangeburg, South Carolina, and the state's oldest such institution. Many African Americans, called Exodusters, escaped the Klan and racially discriminatory laws in the South by moving to Kansas, where some formed all-black towns to have a greater level of freedom and autonomy. Douglass did not favor this, nor the Back-to-Africa movement. He

This is a document about List of African-American firsts
 First African-American midshipman admitted to the United States Naval Academy: John H. Conyers (nominated by Robert B. Elliott of South Carolina). ; First African-American governor (non-elected): P. B. S. Pinchback of Louisiana (See also: Douglas Wilder, 1990) ; First African-American nominee for Vice President of the United States: Frederick Douglass by the Equal Rights Party.

This is a document about List of first minority male lawyers and judges in the United States
 Frank R. Beckwith: First African American male (a lawyer) to run as a candidate for the President of the U.S. in a major-party primary (1960) ; Hiram Fong:  First Asian American male (a lawyer) to run as a candidate for the President of the U.S. (1964) ; Barack Obama (1991): First African American male (a lawyer) to become President of the United States (2009-2017)

This is a document about Public image of Bill Clinton
  Clinton drew strong support from the African American community and made improving race relations a major theme of his presidency. In 1998, Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison in The New Yorker called Clinton "the first Black president", saying, "Clinton displays almost every trope of blackness: single-parent household, born poor, working-class, saxophone-playing, McDonald's-and-junk-food-loving boy from Arkansas," and comparing Clinton's sex life, scrutinized despite his career accomplishments, to the stereotyping and double standards that blacks typically endure. In 2008, Morrison's sentiments were raised anew as Barack Obama, who would later become the country's first African-American president, ran for the presidency. After endorsing

This is a document about List of United States presidential candidate firsts
 First individual to succeed to the presidency following the death or resignation of a predecessor, and then win election in his own right: Theodore Roosevelt ; First African American to run for president: George Edwin Taylor

This is a document about George Edwin Taylor
  George Edwin Taylor (August 4, 1857 – December 23, 1925) was an American journalist, editor, political activist, and politician. In 1904, he was the candidate of the National Negro Liberty Party for President of the United States. He was the first African American to run for president. Taylor was born free in Little Rock, Arkansas because his mother was free. His father was enslaved. His mother took him to Alton, Illinois, where she died. He reached La Crosse, Wisconsin in 1865, where he lived with the family of a ship cook. After they left the city, he was placed in a foster home at age 10, and lived with that family until he was 20. He attended

This is a document about List of fictional United States presidencies of historical figures (V–Z)
 In the alternate history short story "We are Not Amused" by Laura Resnick contained in the anthology Alternate Presidents edited by Mike Resnick, Victoria Woodhull was elected as the 19th President in 1872, defeating her Democratic opponent Horace Greeley after a constitutional amendment restricted her predecessor Ulysses S. Grant to one term. President Woodhull, the first woman to hold the office, ran for the Equal Rights Party with the former slave and prominent abolitionist Frederick Douglass as her running mate. Consequently, Douglass became the first African American to hold the office of Vice President. Shortly after her election, Woodhull began a correspondence with her namesake, the British monarch Queen

This is a document about African Americans
  during the Atlantic Slave Trade. On November 4, 2008, Democratic Senator Barack Obama defeated Republican Senator John McCain to become the first African American to be elected president. At least 95 percent of African-American voters voted for Obama. He also received overwhelming support from young and educated Whites, a majority of Asians, and Hispanics, picking up a number of new states in the Democratic electoral column. Obama lost the overall White vote, although he won a larger proportion of White votes than any previous nonincumbent Democratic presidential candidate since Jimmy Carter. Obama was reelected for a second and final term, by a similar margin on November 6, 2012. In 2021, Kamala Harris became the first woman, the first African American, and the first Asian American to serve as Vice President of the United States.

This is a document about List of African-American firsts
 First African-American to graduate from a U.S. medical school: Dr. David J. Peck (Rush Medical College) (See also: 1783, 1837) ; First African-American president of any nation: Joseph Jenkins Roberts, Liberia

This is a document about Channing E. Phillips
  the first African American to receive votes for the presidential nomination at a Democratic National Convention. Abolitionist Frederick Douglass received votes for president at the 1888 Republican National Convention, but it does not appear from the official record that his name was put into nomination. Phillips said that his candidacy was meant to show that "the Negro vote must not be taken for granted." At the time of his candidacy, Phillips was president of the Housing Development Corporation, a government-backed housing venture in the federal capital. In 1971 Phillips ran to become the first congressional delegate to the United States House of Representatives from D.C., but lost the Democratic primary to Walter E. Fauntroy. He was an advocate for full home-rule status for the District of Columbia. Phillips later moved back to New York City in 1982. He became Minister of Planning and Coordination at the Riverside Church.

This is a document about Back-to-Africa movement
 Joseph Jenkins Roberts: first President and founding father of Liberia ; Thomas Peters (black leader): African-American Black Loyalist leader and founder of Freetown, Sierra Leone ; William Coleman: President of Liberia ; Stephen Allen Benson: President of Liberia ; David George: African-American Baptist preacher ; Boston King: African-American Methodist missionary ; Henry Washington (or Harry Washington): African-born slave to first U.S. President George Washington ; Daniel Coker: African-American missionary to Sierra Leone ; Edward Jones (missionary): American missionary to Sierra Leone ; Edward J. Roye: President of Liberia, and first president from the True Whig Party ; John Russwurm: founder of Freedom's Journal, the first black newspaper in the United States

This is a document about Blanche Bruce
  became sergeant-at-arms for the Mississippi State Senate in 1870. In February 1874, Bruce was elected to the U.S. Senate, the second African American to serve in the upper house of Congress. On February 14, 1879, Bruce presided over the U.S. Senate, becoming the first African American (and the only former slave) to have done so. In 1880, James Z. George, a Confederate Army veteran and member of the Democratic Party, was elected to succeed Bruce. At the 1880 Republican National Convention in Chicago, Bruce became the first African American to win any votes for national office at a major party's nominating convention, with eight votes for vice president. The presidential nominee that year was Ohio's James A. Garfield, who narrowly

The first African American to run for president of the United States was Frederick Douglass, who ran as a candidate for the Equal Rights Party in 1872. However, it's important to note that he did not attend the convention or acknowledge his nomination. The first African American to be elected president was Barack Obama, who served from 2009 to 2017.


Question: who wrote my kinda party by jason aldean

Answer: Brantley Gilbert

This is a document about My Kinda Party
  My Kinda Party is the fourth studio album released by American country music artist Jason Aldean. It was released on November 2, 2010 by Broken Bow Records. The songs were written by various songwriters including Neil Thrasher, Brantley Gilbert and Michael Dulaney. Aldean said that he chose the name of the album because he thought it was representative of "what my fans have come to expect." He also said that it has a unique sound because he recorded it with his touring band and an engineer who does not work with any other artists. On November 30, 2011, the album received a nomination for the 54th Grammy Awards for Best Country Album.

This is a document about My Kinda Party (song)
  "My Kinda Party" is a song written and originally recorded by American country rock artist Brantley Gilbert from his 2009 album Modern Day Prodigal Son. Jason Aldean covered the song and his version serves as the lead-off single to his 2010 album of the same name.

This is a document about Thomas Rhett
  Rhett co-wrote the song "I Ain't Ready to Quit" on Jason Aldean's 2010 album My Kinda Party and signed a recording contract with Big Machine Records' Valory Music Group division in 2011. The album's first 21 weeks were spent in the top 40 of the Billboard 200; it also has sold 1.7 million in its first years of release. Rhett also co-wrote the 2013 singles "1994" by Jason Aldean, "Parking Lot Party" by Lee Brice, and "Round Here" by Florida Georgia Line. During the chart week of September 21, 2013, the Country Airplay chart included five songs within the top 10 that Rhett or his father had co-written, including "It Goes Like This".

This is a document about Brantley Gilbert
  In addition to his original work, Gilbert has written songs that Colt Ford and Jason Aldean have recorded. The songs "Dirt Road Anthem" (co-written and originally recorded by him and Colt Ford) and "My Kinda Party" were released on Aldean's 2010 album My Kinda Party. "My Kinda Party" was originally recorded by Gilbert on Modern Day Prodigal Son, while "Dirt Road Anthem" was on Halfway to Heaven. Aldean has also covered Gilbert's "The Best of Me", available on the iTunes release of his 2009 album Wide Open. Gilbert has also co-written the tracks "The Same Way" on Aldean's album 9 and "Small Town Small" on his album Macon, Georgia.

This is a document about My Kinda Party
  The first single from My Kinda Party is the title track, which debuted on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart at number 41. The song has become Aldean's tenth Top 10 hit on that chart, peaking at number two. The song also debuted at number 54 on the Hot 100 chart. "My Kinda Party" was written and originally recorded by country rock artist Brantley Gilbert for his 2009 album Modern Day Prodigal Son. Aldean's version was also certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The second single "Don't You Wanna Stay", a duet with pop rock singer Kelly Clarkson, debuted on the country

This is a document about Jason Aldean
  Jason Aldean (born Jason Aldine Williams; February 28, 1977) is an American country music singer, songwriter and record producer. Since 2005, Aldean has been signed to Broken Bow Records, a record label for which he has released nine albums and 35 singles. His 2010 album, My Kinda Party, is certified quadruple-platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). His 2012 album Night Train is certified double-platinum, while his 2005 self-titled debut, 2007 album Relentless, 2009 album Wide Open, 2014 album Old Boots, New Dirt are all certified platinum. Aldean has received four Grammy Award nominations throughout his career, twice for Best Country Album. 24 of his 35 singles have reached #1 on either

This is a document about Jason Aldean
  and Brantley Gilbert (who also wrote "My Kinda Party"), debuted on the Hot Country Songs chart at No. 57 as an album cut from an unsolicited airplay for the week of February 5, 2011. In March 2011, the song was chosen as the third single from My Kinda Party. Aldean also collaborated with Ludacris for the song at the 2011 CMT Music Awards in Nashville, Tennessee on June 8, 2011. In addition to making #1 on the Hot Country Songs chart for the week of July 30, 2011, it also became Aldean's first Top 10 hit on the Hot 100 chart. Aldean performed "My Kinda Party" at the start of the 2011 Home Run Derby, which was broadcast on ESPN. Aldean won the CMA award for Album

This is a document about Jason Aldean
  In August 2010, Aldean released the single "My Kinda Party", which entered the Hot Country Songs chart at No. 41. It is the lead-off single from his album of the same name, which was released on November 2, 2010. It marks as Aldean's tenth top-10 country hit. Aldean also collaborated with Kelly Clarkson on the intimate duet "Don't You Wanna Stay". His and Clarkson's performance on November 10, 2010, at the CMA Awards received positive recognition, and debuted at No. 59 on Billboard's Hot Country Songs chart from unsolicited airplay for the week of November 20, 2010. In March 2011, it became Aldean's fifth number-one hit. In early 2011, Aldean's version of "Dirt Road Anthem", which was recorded previously by both of its writers country rap artist Colt

This is a document about Jason Aldean
  "Night Train", and "When She Says Baby" all peaked at number 1 on the Country Airplay chart respectively. During a radio interview on May 18, Aldean hinted at another possible collaboration with Ludacris. He did state that it would not be on Night Train. On December 16, 2014, Ludacris released an Extended Play titled Burning Bridges, in which the title track featured him and Aldean as a duet. Aldean performed "My Kinda Party" during the People's Choice Awards on January 9, 2013. On June 5, 2013, Jason Aldean co-hosted the 2013 CMT Music Awards with actress Kristen Bell. He and Lenny Kravitz opened the awards show singing "American Woman".

This is a document about Bro-country
  later apologized to Ray Price. Zac Brown described Luke Bryan’s "That's My Kind of Night" as the worst song he had ever heard, to which Jason Aldean replied, "nobody gives a shit what u think." Aldean also called the term bro-country ridiculous and was bothered to be labeled as such because he did not "feel like it's a compliment," that "it's sort of a backhanded thing that comes from a very narrow-minded listener". On his song about drinking and trucks, he said: "Yeah, we've had some songs that talk about that stuff. But that's also what we really grew up doing. A lot of us grew up in these little towns where there wasn't a whole lot to do, and we were

This is a document about Tattoos on This Town
  "Tattoos on This Town" is a song written by Michael Dulaney, Wendell Mobley, and Neil Thrasher and recorded by American country music artist Jason Aldean. It was released on September 5, 2011 as the fourth single from Aldean's 2010 album My Kinda Party.

This is a document about My Kinda Party (song)
  This song has received overall mixed critical reception. Amar Toor of AOL Radio Blog gave this song a positive review, saying "Jason Aldean's new song, 'My Kinda Party,' is a raucous, feel-good bit of country that's absolutely perfect for getting your late summer party poppin'." A positive review also came from Deborah Evans Price of Billboard, who called it a "revved-up salute to backwoods party life", while praising Aldean's vocals and the "muscular guitar licks". Kevin John Coyne of Country Universe gave "My Kinda Party" a C rating, saying that it seemed too similar to Aldean's earlier up-tempos such as "Hicktown" or "She's Country." Matt Bjorke of Roughstock gave this song a four-star rating out of five, saying "My Kinda Party" "is the exact kind of song that suits Aldean’s voice the best" and "melodically the song fits right in with Jason Aldean’s hits like “She’s Country” “Johnny Cash” and “Hicktown” as the song is thoroughly a modern country rocker but the difference between it and those three is that the song isn’t nearly as ‘hard-edged’ as those songs were."

This is a document about Dirt Road Anthem
  "Dirt Road Anthem" is a country rap song written by American singers Colt Ford and Brantley Gilbert (who also wrote Aldean's hit "My Kinda Party"), each of whom recorded his own version of the song. Jason Aldean covered the song for his 2010 album My Kinda Party, and released it as the third single from the album in April 2011. The song debuted as a single as Aldean's previous single, "Don't You Wanna Stay", was at the number one spot on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. On November 30, the song received a nomination at the 54th Annual Grammy Awards for Best Country Solo Performance. It is the best-selling song in digital history by a male country solo artist in the United States with over four million sold.

This is a document about Colt Ford
  late-2008 Number One single "Roll with Me". Ford's debut album also has guest appearances from country singer Jamey Johnson, as well as Bone Crusher and Jermaine Dupri, Adrian Young of No Doubt, and Jeremy Popoff of Lit. The album did not enter the Billboard albums charts until 2009. Ford co-wrote and originally recorded the song "Dirt Road Anthem" for his debut album Ride Through the Country; it was later released by Brantley Gilbert, who co-wrote the song, on his 2010 album Halfway to Heaven, and again by Jason Aldean on his album My Kinda Party, also from 2010. Ford wrote the theme song "Buck 'em" for the Professional Bull Riders association. He also appears as a guest vocalist

This is a document about Independent Albums
  music): The Eagles - Long Road out of Eden ; 2009 (see 2009 in music): Jason Aldean - Wide Open ; 2010 (see 2010 in music): Jason Aldean - Wide Open ; 2011 (see 2011 in music): Jason Aldean - My Kinda Party ; 2012 (see 2012 in music): Mumford & Sons - Babel ; 2013 (see 2013 in music): Mumford & Sons - Babel ; 2014 (see 2014 in music): Garth Brooks - Blame It All on My Roots: Five Decades of Influences ; 2015 (see 2015 in music): Jason Aldean - Old Boots, New Dirt ; 2016 (see 2016 in

This is a document about Stronger (Kelly Clarkson album)
  studios around the world while Clarkson was on the international leg of her All I Ever Wanted Tour. Some recording sessions took place at Chalice Recording Studios in Los Angeles, California, and at Smoakstack and Starstruck Studios in Nashville, Tennessee. In August 2010, Clarkson recorded a song with country singer Jason Aldean entitled "Don't You Wanna Stay" for his fourth studio album, My Kinda Party. The song was released as a single in November 2010 and was later included in the deluxe versions of Stronger as a bonus track. In February 2011, Clarkson announced that she would record the final song for the album, "Mr. Know It All", on February 25, 2011. Clarkson also revealed that she recorded two duet songs for the album, saying "There are actually two duets

This is a document about 54th Annual Grammy Awards
  songwriters (Thompson Square) ; "God Gave Me You" ; Dave Barnes, songwriter (Blake Shelton) ; "Just Fishin'" ; Casey Beathard, Monty Criswell & Ed Hill, songwriters (Trace Adkins) ; "Threaten Me with Heaven" ; Vince Gill, Amy Grant, Will Owsley & Dillon O'Brian, songwriters (Vince Gill) ; "You and Tequila" ; Matraca Berg & Deana Carter, songwriters (Kenny Chesney featuring Grace Potter) Best Country Album ; Own the Night – Lady Antebellum ; My Kinda Party – Jason Aldean ; Chief – Eric Church ; Red River Blue – Blake Shelton ; Here for a Good Time – George Strait ; Speak Now – Taylor Swift

This is a document about Craig Wiseman
  Blue by Blake Shelton. He is also a member of the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame and was featured in Variety’s Music City Impact Report in 2017, as well as Billboard’s Country Power Players in 2018 and 2019. Big Loud Shirt officially changed its name to Big Loud Publishing in June 2017. Wiseman has since staffed the company with a stable of award-winning hitmakers, including Rodney Clawson (George Strait’s “I Saw God Today,” Luke Bryan’s “Crash My Party”), Chris Tompkins (Carrie Underwood’s “Before He Cheats”, Dierks Bentley’s “Drunk On a Plane”), Tyler Hubbard (Bebe Rexha’s “Meant to Be,” Jason Aldean’s “You Make It Easy”, Florida Georgia Line’s “Cruise”), Brian Kelley (Jason Aldean’s “You Make It Easy,” Florida Georgia Line’s “Cruise”), Morgan Wallen (Jason Aldean’s “You Make It Easy”), Joey Moi, Matt Dragstrem, Jamie Moore, Chris Lane, Ashley Leone, Madison Kozak, Ernest K. Smith and Griffen Palmer.

This is a document about ITunes LP
  vous, et vous, et vous... ; Jake Owen – Days of Gold ; James Blunt – Some Kind of Trouble ; Jamie Foxx – Best Night of My Life ; Jamie Woon – Mirrorwriting ; Janelle Monáe – The ArchAndroid (Suites II and III) ; Jason Aldean – My Kinda Party ; Jason Derulo – What If (EP) ; Jay-Z – The Blueprint 3 ; JBO – Killeralbum ; Jean-Louis Aubert – Roc' éclair ; Jeff Beck – Emotion & Commotion ; Jehro – Cantina Paradise ; Jennifer Hudson – I Remember Me ; Jennifer Lopez – Dance Again... the Hits ; Jennifer Rostock – Mit

This is a document about Jason Aldean discography
  Jason Aldean is an American country music artist. His discography consists of ten studio albums—his self-titled debut (2005), Relentless (2007), Wide Open (2009), My Kinda Party (2010), Night Train (2012), Old Boots, New Dirt (2014), They Don't Know (2016), Rearview Town (2018), 9 (2019) and Macon (2021). He has also released a total of 35 singles, 23 of which hit number one on the US Billboard Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay charts. His first, second, third, fifth, and sixth albums are all certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and his fourth album, My Kinda Party, is certified triple-platinum. His seventh album They Don't Know is certified Gold in Canada MC. My Kinda Party produced his highest-charting single on the Billboard Hot 100. The song "Dirt Road Anthem" reached number 7 on the chart, and featured a studio remix with rapper Ludacris. My Kinda Party is also his first album to be certified in Canada. His fifth album, Night Train, produced his highest charting single on the Canadian Hot 100 in "Take a Little Ride". The album was also his first number one on the Billboard 200 and Canadian Albums Chart.

Brantley Gilbert and Jason Aldean wrote "My Kinda Party" together.


Question: which member of queen has a phd in astrophysics

Answer: May

This is a document about Zodiacal light
  In 2007, Brian May, lead guitarist with the band Queen, completed his thesis, A Survey of Radial Velocities in the Zodiacal Dust Cloud, thirty-six years after abandoning it to pursue a career in music. He was able to submit it only because of the minimal amount of research on the topic undertaken during the intervening years. May describes the subject as being one that became "trendy" again in the 2000s.

This is a document about Brian May
  Fame as a member of Queen and in 2018 the band received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. May was appointed a CBE by Queen Elizabeth II in 2005 for "services to the music industry and for charity work". May earned a PhD degree in astrophysics from Imperial College London in 2007, and was Chancellor of Liverpool John Moores University from 2008 to 2013. He was a "science team collaborator" with NASA's New Horizons Pluto mission. He is also a co-founder of the awareness campaign Asteroid Day. Asteroid 52665 Brianmay was named after him. May is also an animal rights activist, campaigning against the hunting of foxes and the culling of badgers in the UK.

This is a document about Brian May
  Brian Harold May (born 19 July 1947) is an English musician and astrophysicist who achieved fame as lead guitarist of the rock band Queen. May was a co-founder of Queen with lead singer Freddie Mercury and drummer Roger Taylor. His songwriting contributions helped Queen become one of the most successful bands in rock history. May previously performed with drummer Roger Taylor in the band Smile, which he had joined while he was at university. After the band's formation in 1970, bass player John Deacon joined to complete the line-up in 1971. Queen became one of the biggest rock bands in the world with the success of the album A Night at the Opera and

This is a document about Starmus Festival
  In 2007 Brian May, founding guitarist of the rock band Queen, completed his PhD dissertation, which was left unfinished in 1974 when Queen began to achieve significant success. May's work focused on zodiacal dust in the solar system. He had studied at Tenerife earlier through Imperial College London, and resumed work there more than 30 years later. In 2007, his new co-advisor was Garik Israelian, and the two struck up a friendship, Israelian also being a musician. This led to the founding of the Starmus Festival — the name paying homage to stars and music — and the stage was set for the first Festival, which would occur four years later.

This is a document about Lennox and Addington County
 Charles Jones, composer ; Terence Dickinson, awards-winning astronomy author and expert in astrophotography ; Avril Lavigne, musician ; Daniel Woolf, historian and former principal of Queen’s University

This is a document about Stephen Hawking in popular culture
 Brian May (lead guitarist of Queen and astrophysicist) used recordings of Stephen Hawking's voice in his song "New Horizons (Ultima Thule Mix)" (written to celebrate New Horizon NASA space probe journey). ; The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. The voice of the book in the new series, The Hexagonal Phase first broadcast on BBC Radio 4 on Thursday 8 March: BBC Home page for The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy ; Jon Holmes. The comedian's BBC Radio 6 Music radio show features Hawking reciting songs lyrics as suggested by listeners. These have included 'Gay Bar' by Electric Six and 'Prime Mover' by Zodiac Mindwarp. ; Greydon Square.

This is a document about Peter T. Gallagher
  he studied a wide range of subjects but moved to focus on physics and specifically astronomy after being given a copy of A Brief History of Time as a present. He qualified with an honours B.Sc. in Physics and Maths in 1995, and secured a place on a funded Masters course in Optoelectronics at Queen's University Belfast, qualifying first in his year, with distinction, in Optoelectronics and Image Processing in 1996. After some work in the Canary Islands, he deepened his academic focus on astronomy and pursued a funded PhD from Queen's. He received an offer to work in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at Cambridge University, the department where Stephen Hawking worked, but declined this. He qualified in Astrophysics in 2000, having defended a thesis entitled Optical and EUV observations of the solar atmosphere.

This is a document about Brian May
   May studied physics and mathematics at Imperial College London, graduating with a BSc (Hons) degree and ARCS in physics with Upper Second-Class Honours. From 1970 to 1974, he studied for a PhD degree at Imperial College, studying reflected light from interplanetary dust and the velocity of dust in the plane of the Solar System. When Queen began to have international success in 1974, he abandoned his doctoral studies, but nonetheless co-authored two peer reviewed research papers, which were based on his observations at the Teide Observatory in Tenerife. In October 2006, May re-registered for his doctorate at Imperial College and he submitted his thesis in August 2007 (one year earlier than he estimated it would

This is a document about Stephen Smartt
  Born and raised in Belfast, Stephen was educated at Belfast Royal Academy and studied physics and applied mathematics at Queen’s University Belfast. He was awarded a PhD in astrophysics in 1996.

This is a document about Music and mathematics
 Albert Einstein - Accomplished pianist and violinist. ; Art Garfunkel (Simon & Garfunkel) – Masters in Mathematics, Columbia University ; Brian May (Queen) - BSc (Hons) in Mathematics and Physics from Imperial College London. ; Dan Snaith – PhD Mathematics, Imperial College London ; Delia Derbyshire - BA in mathematics and music from Cambridge. ; Jonny Buckland (Coldplay) - Studied astronomy and mathematics at University College London. ; Kit Armstrong - Degree in music and MSc in mathematics. ; Manjul Bhargava - Plays the tabla, won the Fields Medal in 2014. ; Phil Alvin (The Blasters) – Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles ; Philip Glass - Studied mathematics and philosophy at the University of Chicago. ; Tom Lehrer - BA mathematics from Harvard University. ; William Herschel - Astronomer and played the oboe, violin, harpsichord and organ. He composed 24 symphonies and many concertos, as well as some church music.

This is a document about Trevor Bamidele Davies
  Born in Eastbourne, East Sussex to Sierra Leone Creole parents, he attended London Metropolitan University and graduated with a BSc in chemistry followed by an MSc in astrophysics from Queen Mary University of London. For his PhD studies, he joined the Quantum Gravity & Gauge Group at the University of Aberdeen to work on a class of scalar-tensor theories that exhibit non-perturbative strong-field deviations away from general relativity in systems involving neutron stars.

This is a document about Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester
 Sarah Bridle, Professor of Astrophysics ; Philippa Browning Professor Astrophysics ; Brian Cox,, Professor of Particle Physics, working on the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider ; Philip Diamond, Professor of Photon Physics and Director General of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) ; Wendy Flavell, Vice Dean for Research and a Professor of Surface Physics ; Jeffrey Forshaw, Professor of Particle Physics and co-author of The Quantum Universe ; Sir Andre Geim, Regius Professor & Royal Society Research Professor ; Sir Konstantin Novoselov, Langworthy Professor of Physics ; Tim O'Brien, Professor of Astrophysics ; Terry Wyatt Professor of Particle Physics the department employs 53 Professors, including Emeritus Professors.

This is a document about List of people associated with Imperial College London
  law and author) • Brian May (astrophysicist, more commonly known as a member of the rock band Queen) • Anthony R. Michaelis (science journalist and publisher) • Andreas Mogensen (First Danish astronaut) • Ghanem Nuseibeh (Founder of Cornerstone Global Associates) • Murad Osmann (photographer) • Paul Rogers (Professor of Peace) • Ted Simon (journalist) • Simon Singh (popular science author) • Daniel V. Snaith (IDM artist, records under the name Caribou) • Richard Southwood (Vice-Chancellor, University of Oxford) • George Reginald Starr (Special Operations Executive officer) • Emma Townshend (Academic, musician and columnist) • Kevin Walton (military, awarded the George Cross in 1946) • Lancelot Ware (biochemist, barrister and co-founder of Mensa International) • H. G. Wells (science fiction author) • Jane Yardley (author) • Raymond Yiu (composer)

This is a document about Rosemary Wyse
  Wyse graduated from Queen Mary University of London in 1977 with a Bachelor of Science degree in Physics and Astrophysics and obtained her PhD in Astrophysics in the Institute of Astronomy at the University of Cambridge in 1983. Bernard Jones was her academic advisor.

This is a document about University of London
  movement (including Ian Davenport, Tracey Emin and Damien Hirst). Outstanding musicians across a wide range include the conductor Sir Simon Rattle, the soprano Felicity Lott and both members of Gilbert and Sullivan, to Mick Jagger, Elton John, Dido, Pakistani singer Nazia Hassan (known in South Asia as the "Queen of Pop"), and Hong Kong singer Karen Mok, and members of the bands Coldplay, Keane, Suede, The Velvet Underground, Blur, Iron Maiden, Placebo, The Libertines, and Queen. The university has also played host to film directors (Christopher Nolan, Derek Jarman), philosophers (Karl Popper, Roger Scruton), explorers (David Livingstone), international academics (Sam Karunaratne), Riccarton High School Head of Commerce, Tom Neumann and leading businessmen (Michael Cowpland, George Soros).

This is a document about Patrick Moore
  cardiac abnormality. He was a friend of Queen guitarist and astrophysicist Brian May, who was an occasional guest on The Sky at Night. May bought Moore's Selsey home in 2008, leasing it back to him for a peppercorn rent the same day to provide financial security. May, Moore and Chris Lintott co-wrote a book ''Bang! The Complete History of the Universe''. In February 2011, Moore completed (with Robin Rees and Iain Nicolson) his comprehensive Patrick Moore's Data Book of Astronomy for Cambridge University Press. In 1986 he was identified as the co-author of a book published in 1954 called Flying Saucer from

This is a document about Malcolm Longair
  He was born on 18 May 1941, and educated at Morgan Academy, Dundee, Scotland. He graduated in Electronic Physics from Queen's College, Dundee, which later became the University of Dundee, but was then part of the University of St Andrews, in 1963. He became a research student in the Radio Astronomy Group of the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, where he completed his PhD in 1967 supervised by Martin Ryle.

This is a document about Harkness Fellowship
  Science ; Sir Peter Maxwell Davies, composer, conductor and Master of the Queen's Music ; Professor Glyn Davis, vice-chancellor of the University of Melbourne ; Stuart Devlin, goldsmith and jeweller to Her Majesty the Queen ; Dr Jennifer Dixon, CBE, FRCP, FFPH, Chief Executive of the Health Foundation ; Professor John Montfort Dunn, emeritus professor of political theory at King's College, Cambridge ; Professor John Dupré, philosopher ; Freeman Dyson, scientist ; Sir Harold Evans, former editor of the Sunday Times ; Sir Terry Farrell, architect of the MI6 Building ; Professor Pamela Gillies, principal and vice-chancellor of Glasgow Caledonian University ; Fiona Godlee, editor, BMJ ; Lawrence Goldman, historian and

This is a document about Brian May
  using absorption spectroscopy and doppler spectroscopy of zodiacal light using a Fabry–Pérot interferometer based at the Teide Observatory in Tenerife. His research was initially supervised by Jim Ring, Ken Reay and in the latter stages by Michael Rowan-Robinson. He graduated at the awards ceremony of Imperial College held in the Royal Albert Hall on 14 May 2008. In October 2007, May was appointed a Visiting Researcher in Imperial College and he continues his interest in astronomy and involvement with the Imperial Astrophysics Group. He is co-author, with Sir Patrick Moore and Chris Lintott, of ''Bang! – The Complete History of the Universe and The Cosmic Tourist''. May appeared on the 700th episode of The Sky

This is a document about List of alumni of Queen Mary University of London
 Alexander Bradshaw – British physicist ; Sir Philip Campbell – British physicist, editor-in-chief of the science journal Nature (MSc Astrophysics, 1974) ; Michael Duff – British physicist at Imperial College London (Physics, 1969) ; Geraint F. Lewis – British astrophysicist, professor of Astrophysics at the University of Sydney ; Sir Peter Mansfield – British Nobel Prize–winning physicist ; Helen Mason – British physicist ; George C. McVittie – British cosmologist ; Brendan Scaife – Irish engineer and physicist ; David Southwood – British space scientist, Senior Research Investigator at Imperial College London ; Angela Speck - Astrophysicist and Professor at the University of Missouri ; Geoffrey Ernest Stedman – New Zealand physicist ; Charles Taylor – British physicist, lecturer and author ; Sir Tejinder Virdee – British physicist ; Rosemary Wyse – British astrophysicist


Question: when did bears ears become a national monument

Answer: December 28 , 2016

This is a document about Bears Ears National Monument
  Bears Ears National Monument is a United States national monument located in San Juan County in southeastern Utah, established by President Barack Obama by presidential proclamation on December 28, 2016. The monument's original size was 1,351,849 acres, which was reduced by 85% by President Donald Trump on December 4, 2017, an act subsequently challenged as allegedly illegal. The monument protects the public land surrounding the Bears Ears—a pair of buttes—and the Indian Creek corridor rock climbing area. The Native American names for the buttes have the same meaning in each of the languages represented in the region. The names are listed in the presidential proclamation as "Hoon’Naqvut, Shash Jáa [sic], Kwiyagatu Nukavachi, Ansh An

This is a document about Escalante National Monument
  by act of Congress in 1964, and expanded with the proclamation of the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument by the Clinton Administration in 1996. Later proposals by the National Parks Conservation Association in the 1980s, former Utah Congressman Wayne Owens in the 1990s, and the Greater Canyonlands Coalition in the 2010s revived the idea, encountering renewed opposition from the Utah congressional delegation. On December 28, 2016 President Barack Obama proclaimed the 1.35 million acre Bears Ears National Monument to protect Bureau of Land Management public lands and part of the Manti-La Sal National Forest south and east of Canyonlands National Park. This area was part of the 1936 proposed national monument.

This is a document about Environmental policy of the Donald Trump administration
  Bears Ears National Monument, located in southeastern Utah, was established by presidential proclamation by Barack Obama in 2016. Five native American tribes urged Obama to create the monument to preserve about 9,000 recorded archaeological sites, including petroglyphs, woven cloth, human remains and ancient roads. In 2017 Donald Trump reduced it by 85%. Members of the Navajo tribe in particular were integral to the monument's passage. A tribal spokesperson stated that a reduction in the size of the Bear's Ears Monument would be "an attack on a significant part of the foundation of American conservation law." A different opinion was offered by Republican Utah state representative Mike Noel who sees a shrinking of the Bears Ears Monument as a victory over federal restrictions

This is a document about Bears Ears National Monument
  On December 28, 2016, President Obama proclaimed the 1,351,849 acre Bears Ears National Monument, including the eponymous buttes and the surrounding landscapes, using his authority under the Antiquities Act to create national monuments by proclamation. The intertribal coalition proposed the inclusion of several areas that did not make it into the final monument designation; these included the Abajo Mountains (also called the Blue Mountains); the lower reach of Allen Canyon; Black Mesa; a "large, arcing strip of land" next to the Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, surrounding Mancos Mesa; Raplee Anticline, and "most of Lime Ridge between Mexican Hat and Comb Ridge." The omission of these areas from the boundaries of the monument represented a "significant" concession to those who opposed the monument's designation.

This is a document about Bears Ears National Monument
  The monument is named Bears Ears for a pair of buttes that rise to elevations over 8900 ft and 9000 ft, which is more than 2000 ft above Utah state routes 95 and 261. Capped by Wingate Sandstone, the buttes and surroundings have long been held as sacred or significant by a number of the region's Native American tribes. Ancestral Puebloan cliff dwellings dated to more than 3,500 years ago have been discovered in the region, just some of the estimated 100,000 archaeological sites protected within the monument. The Comb Ridge monocline traverses the eastern portion of the monument's Shash Jáa unit. Of the

This is a document about Gold Butte National Monument
  President Barack Obama designated the monument on December 28, 2016, using his powers under the Antiquities Act, after a two-year campaign by local conservation groups, Nevada and Clark County lawmakers and the Moapa Band of Paiute Indians. The designation came on the same day as the designation of Bears Ears National Monument. U.S. Representative Dina Titus and outgoing U.S. Senator Harry Reid, as well as the Las Vegas Paiute Tribe, were also strong supporters of the monument's designation. Some congressional Republicans, along with former Nevada Attorney General Adam Laxalt, have expressed opposition to the monument designation, and have called for it to be revoked by Congress.

This is a document about Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument
  monument's size be reduced by nearly 47% to 1003863 acres, with the remainder divided into three areas, two of which border one another along the Paria River. Bears Ears National Monument was significantly reduced in size at the same time. Conservation, angling, hunting, and outdoor recreation groups filed suit to block any reduction in the national monument, arguing that the president has no legal authority to materially shrink a national monument. The cases were still pending at the 2020 election. On his first day in office, President Joe Biden signed an executive order calling for a review of the reduction of the Bears Ears and Grand Staircase–Escalante monuments. On October 8, 2021, he restored the original boundaries.

This is a document about Executive Order 13792
  Trump has indicated that he was eager to change the boundaries of a 1.35-million-acre national monument Obama declared in December 2016, in Utah, Bears Ears National Monument. The United States Secretary of the Interior (Secretary) shall conduct a review of all Presidential designations or expansions of designations under the Antiquities Act made since January 1, 1996, where the designation covers more than 100,000 acres, where the designation after expansion covers more than 100,000 acres, or where the Secretary determines that the designation or expansion was made without adequate public outreach and coordination with relevant stakeholders, to determine whether each designation or expansion conforms to six policy criteria listed in section 1 of this order. Those criteria are:"(i)  the requirements and original objectives of the [Antiquities] Act, including the Act’s requirement that reservations of land not exceed “the smallest area compatible with the proper

This is a document about Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve
  The dunes and surrounding area were designated a national monument in 1932 after a bill—sponsored by the P.E.O. Sisterhood and widely supported by local residents—was signed into law by President Herbert Hoover. The original monument boundaries protected an area of 35,528 acres. Similar support in the late 1990s resulted in the monument's redesignation as Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve in 2000. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listed the Great Sand Dunes as a protected landscape (management category V) in 2000, including the national park, the preserve, and the adjacent Baca National Wildlife Refuge. In 1976, the U.S. Congress designated the Great Sand Dunes

This is a document about National Historic Landmark
  National Historic Site on March 17, 1938. In 1960, the National Park Service took on the administration of the survey data gathered under this legislation, and the National Historic Landmark program began to take more formal shape. When the National Register of Historic Places was established in 1966, the National Historic Landmark program was encompassed within it, and rules and procedures for inclusion and designation were formalized. Because listings (either on the National Register, or as an NHL) often triggered local preservation laws, legislation in 1980 amended the listing procedures to require owner agreement to the designations. On October 9, 1960, 92 properties were announced as designated NHLs by Secretary of the Interior Fred A. Seaton. The Sergeant Floyd Monument in Sioux City, Iowa, was officially designated on June 30 of that year, but for various reasons, the public announcement of the first several NHLs was delayed.

This is a document about Bears Ears National Monument
  your land. In an illegal move, the president just reduced the size of Bears Ears and Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monuments. This is the largest elimination of protected land in American history." Three separate federal lawsuits were filed by December 7, 2017 challenging the reduction of Bears Ears National Monument. The plaintiffs include five Native American tribes, a private corporation, conservation groups, and several non-profit organizations and NGOs. The groups have argued that the reduction is not authorized by law. The three federal lawsuits are: The three suits were consolidated at the United States District Court for the District of Columbia in January

This is a document about Bears Ears National Monument
  had drafted the 1996 presidential proclamation creating the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument. In October 2015, the BEITC submitted a proposal to President Barack Obama, seeking the designation of 1,900,000 acre as a national monument which would include Cedar Mesa, Indian Creek, White Canyon, Abajo Mountains, Comb Ridge, Valley of the Gods, and the confluence of the San Juan and Colorado Rivers. The Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance described how a "historic coalition of Native American Tribes" requested for the Bears Ears National Monument designation to "provide them with co-management authority to protect their ancestral homelands". On July 13, 2016, Utah Representative Rob Bishop unveiled a

This is a document about Bears Ears National Monument
  On his first day in office, President Joe Biden signed an executive order calling for a review of the reduction of the Bears Ears and Grand Staircase-Escalante monuments. In early April 2021, Deb Haaland, the first Native American Secretary of the Interior, began the onsite review process. On October 8, 2021, President Biden restored the original 2016 boundaries of Bears Ears National Monument, retaining 11,000 acres that Trump had added, for a total protected area of 1.36 million acres. The Bureau of Land Management will increase staffing and funding to protect the monument's resources and manage increased visitation.

This is a document about Sitka National Historical Park
  Prince of Wales Island, while others had been on display at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition. Shortly thereafter, a group of influential Sitkans concerned about vandalism and the poor condition of the park in general pressured the federal government to declare the site a national monument. The Sitka National Monument was proclaimed by President William H. Taft under the Antiquities Act on March 23, 1910 to preserve the fort site and totem pole collection and protect them from further harm. With the creation of the National Park Service in 1916, the monument fell under the new agency's care, though no significant appropriation was made until 1921. Many of the poles exhibited today

This is a document about Rob Bishop
  Bishop supports repeal of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, saying it has been "hijacked" to control land and block economic development, and that he "would love to invalidate" the law. Bishop is among those most critical of the Antiquities Act. Bishop opposed the designation of the Bears Ears National Monument and supports repealing or shrinking the designation. Bishop supports transferring federal public lands to the states. Despite this, Bishop sponsored a successful amendment to the 2006 National Defense Authorization Act to create the Cedar Mountain Wilderness, specifically to block transportation access to the Private Fuel Storage nuclear storage facility on Goshute's Skull Valley Indian Reservation land in Tooele County. In February 2011, Bishop introduced a budget amendment that would have defunded the National Landscape Conservation System,

This is a document about National monument (United States)
  added a fifth in the Atlantic Ocean. On June 24, 2016, President Barack Obama designated the Stonewall Inn and surrounding areas in Greenwich Village, New York as the Stonewall National Monument, the first national monument commemorating the movement for LGBT rights in the United States. Obama's establishments included several others recognizing civil rights history, including the César E. Chávez, Belmont–Paul Women's Equality, Freedom Riders, and Birmingham Civil Rights National Monuments. In December 2017, Donald Trump substantially reduced the sizes of Bears Ears and Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monuments, removing protections on about 2.8 million acres of land where mining could resume. Three lawsuits challenging the legality of this action are pending in federal court, though President Joe Biden has signaled he will reverse the changes.

This is a document about Ute people
  Public land surrounding the Bears Ears buttes in southeastern Utah became the Bears Ears National Monument in 2016 in recognition for its ancestral and cultural significance to several Native American tribes, including the Utes. Members of the Ute Mountain Ute and Uintah and Ouray Reservations sit on a five-tribe coalition to help co-manage the monument with the Bureau of Land Management and United States Forest Service. The Ute appeared to have hunted and camped in an ancient Anasazi and Fremont people campsite in near what is now Arches National Park. At a site near natural springs, which may have held spiritual significance, the Ute left petroglyphs in rock along with rock art by the earlier peoples. Some of the images are estimated to be more than 900 years old. The Utes petroglyphs were made after the Utes acquired horses, because they show men hunting while on horseback.

This is a document about Kennecott, Alaska
  net profit greater than $100 million. In 1938, Ernest Gruening proposed Kennecott be preserved as a National Park. A recommendation to President Franklin D. Roosevelt on 18 Jan. 1940 for the establishment of the Kennecott National Monument went nowhere. However, 2 Dec. 1980 saw the establishment of the Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve. From 1939 until the mid-1950s, Kennecott was deserted except for a family of three who served as the watchmen until about 1952. In the late 1960s, an attempt was made to reprocess the tailings and to transport the ore in aircraft. The cost of doing so made the

This is a document about Bears Ears National Monument
  Bears Ears has been regularly looted and vandalized for many years. In 2009, FBI and Bureau of Land Management (BLM) agents raided 16 homes in Blanding, following a two-year federal investigation and the indictment of 24 people for stealing, receiving or trying to sell Native American artifacts from the hundreds of archaeological sites in the area. This incident became an "early flashpoint in the struggle over control of public lands in the western United States." Included among those arrested were a mathematics teacher, a brother of the county sheriff, and a prominent physician and his wife. Three people committed suicide following the raid. From May 2014 to April 2015, there were reports of more than a dozen cases of "serious looting," ranging from "small-scale theft to ancestral remains being tossed

This is a document about Bears Ears National Monument
 Burrilio, R.E., 2017. "The Archaeology of Bears Ears." The SAA Archaeological Record. 15, 5, pp. 9–18. ; Uglesich, J., Gay, R.J. and Stegner, M.A., 2017. Paleontology of the Bears Ears National Monument: history of exploration and designation of the monument. PeerJ Preprints, 5, no. e3442v1.

Bears Ears National Monument was first established as a national monument by President Barack Obama on December 28, 2016. However, it was originally proposed by the Clinton Administration in 1996 and expanded in 2016.


Question: when was the first australian football competition held

Answer: 1858

This is a document about Sport in Australia
  the inaugural competition. The remaining states would not participate until much later, with Queensland first participating in 1926–27, Western Australia in 1947–48 and Tasmania in 1982–83. In 1897 the Victorian Football League, which later became the AFL the Australian Football League, was founded after breaking away from the Victorian Football Association. The first badminton competition in Australia was played in 1900. The first ice hockey game was played in Melbourne on 12 July 1906 between a local Melbourne team and a team from the crew of the visiting US warship USS Baltimore (C-3). Motor racing began in the first

This is a document about Football in Australia
  The Australasian Football Council (Australian Football) (founded 1906) was the first national governing body of any football code in Australia and the 1908 Melbourne Carnival was the first national representative competition involving all Australian states. Prior to the modern national club football competitions, the first club competitions to feature clubs from numerous states were the Championship of Australia (1888-1975) and National Soccer League (1977-2004). Although contemporary professional competitions are represented by clubs from multiple states and national governing bodies, there are currently no truly national club competitions with clubs in all states due to the exclusion of Tasmania. This may change as the two competitions that are closest to national competitions (AFL/AFLW and A-League/W-League) expand to include Tasmania (see: Tasmanian AFL bid and Tasmanian A-League bid). A truly national competition would include territories as well. The AFL has to date declined to award licenses to bids for proposed clubs in the ACT and Northern Territory, while the A-League has declined bids from the ACT (see Canberra A-League Bid).

This is a document about Sport in Australia
  Victorian rules football (later known as Australian rules) was codified in 1859. Australian football clubs still around in the current Australian Football League were founded by 1858. Originally formed as the South Australian Football Association on 30 April 1877, the SANFL (South Australian National Football League) is the oldest surviving football league of any code in Australia. The Melbourne Cricket Ground, Australia's largest sporting arena, opened in 1853. The Melbourne Cup was first run in 1861. A rugby union team was established at the University of Sydney in 1864. Regular sport did not begin to be played in South Australia,

This is a document about Geography of Australian rules football
  The first truly international competitor in Australian Football was New Zealand. In 1908, the Jubilee Australasian Football Carnival was held to celebrate the 50th anniversary of Australian rules football. New Zealand (then representing a total of 115 clubs) defeated both New South Wales and Queensland in the carnival, but lost to Victoria and Tasmania. The 1995 Arafura Games, held in Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia became the first international sporting event to have Australian football as a competition sport, rather than a demonstration sport. Papua New Guinea won the gold medal and retained it in subsequent games. Other teams that have competed at

This is a document about History of Australia (1851–1900)
  the first metropolitan competition in Australia developed, formally beginning in 1874. The first inter-colonial match was played in Sydney in 1882 and the first international kicked off in 1899 when an Australian team composed of players from New South Wales and Queensland (a forerunner of the Australian Wallabies) played a first Test series—against a visiting team from the British Isles. The game of Australian rules football began evolving in Melbourne from inter-school games resembling rugby—the first being played in 1858. Melbourne football, geographically isolated, evolved various rule changes and was codified in 1877 when the Victorian Football Association was formed.

This is a document about Grand final
  The Anglo-Norman term "grand" to describe a sporting event, documented in England as "grand match" in 1836, was used in Australia from the 1850s. A steeplechase in England has been called the "Grand National Steeple Chase" ("Grand National" alone for short) since at least 1839. Use of the term in Australian Football dates back to the first organised and widely publicised match between Melbourne Grammar School and Scotch College on 7 August 1858 at Yarra Park, Melbourne (formerly Richmond Park). The game was advertised as the "grand football match" in the Melbourne Morning Herald and several other local newspapers. In 1859, a "grand football match" was advertised in Richmond, Tasmania for St Patrick's Day on Friday 18 March. In The Argus of 1861, the Royal Caledonian Society of Melbourne invited clubs to compete in a "grand football-match" which was to be football's first ever trophy, the Caledonian Challenge Cup,

This is a document about Australian National Football Council
  Australian rules football was first played in Melbourne, Victoria in 1858, and developed over the following decades. The game was spread to other cities, but due to the large distances between cities in Australia, the game developed independently in each city. Until the 1870s, football in each city or colony was administered in an ad hoc manner by the participating clubs, before colony-level administrative bodies began to be established, with the Victorian Football Association (VFA) and South Australian Football Association (SAFA) formed in 1877 and the Tasmanian Football Association (TFA) in 1879. The first effort towards national administration of the game took place in 1883, with an informal intercolonial football conference

This is a document about Australian rules football in Australia
  It began in the Colony of Victoria in 1858, followed by the Colony of Queensland (1866) Colony of South Australia (1877), Colony of Tasmania (1876), Colony of New South Wales (1877) and Colony of Western Australia (1881). In 1879, the first intercolonial representative match took place in Melbourne between Victoria and South Australia. Delegates representing the football associations of South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Queensland met in 1883 in order to standardise the rules across the colonies. The earliest governing body, the Australasian Football Council (later Australian National Football Council) dates back to this time. Following a hiatus in Queensland (1892-1903) and New South Wales (1893-1903) it was revived after the Federation of Australia and expanded to the territories of the Australian Capital Territory (1911) and the Northern Territory (1916).

This is a document about Culture of Australia
  Australian rules football is the most highly attended spectator sport in Australia. Its core support lies in four of the six states: Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia and Tasmania. Originating in Melbourne in the late 1850s and codified in 1859, the sport is the world's oldest major football code. The national competition, the Australian Football League (AFL), evolved from the Victorian Football League in 1990, and has expanded to all states except Tasmania. The AFL Grand Final is traditionally played on the last Saturday of September at the Melbourne Cricket Ground, the sport's "spiritual home". Australian rules football culture has a strong set of rituals and traditions, such as kick-to-kick

This is a document about Football in Australia
  Early forms of football were played in Sydney by 1829. Regular football competitions were organised in New South Wales by 1850 (an early form of Rugby), with organised competition being played in Queensland (Rugby) and Victoria (Victorian Rules football) soon after. Victorian rules football was codified in 1858. Australian Fotball clubs still around in the current Australian Football League were founded by 1858. Australian Football was first played in Australia in 1859. A rugby union team was established at the University of Sydney in 1864. Rugby union was being played in Australia by 1874 when the sport was established in Sydney. Soccer was being played in Australia by the

This is a document about Football
  One of the longest running football fixture is the Cordner-Eggleston Cup, contested between Melbourne Grammar School and Scotch College, Melbourne every year since 1858. It is believed by many to also be the first match of Australian rules football, although it was played under experimental rules in its first year. The first football trophy tournament was the Caledonian Challenge Cup, donated by the Royal Caledonian Society of Melbourne, played in 1861 under the Melbourne Rules. The oldest football league is a rugby football competition, the United Hospitals Challenge Cup (1874), while the oldest rugby trophy is the Yorkshire Cup, contested since 1878. The South Australian Football Association (30 April 1877) is the oldest surviving Australian rules football competition. The oldest surviving soccer trophy is the Youdan Cup (1867) and the oldest national football competition is the English FA Cup (1871). The Football League (1888) is recognised as the longest running Association Football league. The first ever international football match took place between sides representing England and Scotland on 5 March 1870 at the Oval under the authority of the FA. The first Rugby international took place in 1871.

This is a document about History of Australian rules football
  1858 did not take place; a scratch match was played instead. The oldest surviving set of rules of Australian rules football were drawn up on 17 May 1859, three days after the re-formation of the Melbourne Football Club for the 1859 season. These rules were based on school football rules, but made simpler. The earliest official formal leagues were the South Australian National Football League, originally called the South Australian Football Association, and the Victorian Football Association, both formed in 1877. The first intercolonial matches were played in 1879. The game was first known as Melbourne rules football. As it spread throughout the country, the game became known as Victorian rules football, and

This is a document about Kangaroo Island Football League
  Australian Football began on Kangaroo Island in the late 1800s, with the first organised competition beginning in 1908 with the formation of Kingscote and Dudley United clubs. Wisanger joined in 1910, thereafter several clubs came and went such as Muston.

This is a document about History of Australian rules football
  Australian rules football began its evolution in Melbourne, Australia about 1858. The origins of Australian football before 1858 are still the subject of much debate, as there were a multitude of football games in Britain, Europe, Ireland and Australia whose rules influenced the early football games played in Melbourne. The first match that the AFL Commission has identified as a direct precursor to the codification of Australian football was organised and umpired by Tom Wills and contested between Melbourne Grammar School Football Club and Scotch College, on 31 July 1858 at the Richmond Paddock, adjacent to the Melbourne Cricket Ground. A follow-up match was played on 11 August 1858. A match announced for 14

This is a document about Origins of Australian rules football
  game was declared a draw with each side scoring one goal. The two schools have competed annually ever since for the Cordner–Eggleston Cup. Some regard these early matches as the first matches of Australian rules football, however to many it is clear that the game was still in the process of evolving. The Herald wrote in August 1858: "The game of football promises, as it deserves to be, one of the popular amusements of the ingenuous youth of Victoria. Hitherto, a modification of the Rugby rules has been adopted, which, in the opinion of some, might be altered for the better. But as the cricketing season is so close at hand, it is, perhaps hardly worthwhile to discuss the matter seriously."

This is a document about Playoffs
  The Australian Football League (which was known until 1990 as the Victorian Football League) was the first league to introduce regular finals when it was established in 1897. The South Australian National Football League introduced finals in 1898, and other leagues soon followed. Prior to 1897, the premiership was generally awarded to the team with the best overall win-loss record at the end of the season. If two teams had finished with equal records, a playoff match for the premiership was required: this occurred in the Challenge Cup in 1871, the South Australian Inter-club competition in 1874, the SAFA in 1889 and 1894, and in the VFA in 1896.

This is a document about Australian rules football schism (1938–1949)
  Australian rules football had been played in Victoria since 1858, and was initially administered in an ad hoc manner by the active clubs, who agreed upon rules and administrative matters through informal meetings of club secretaries. In 1877, the Victorian Football Association (VFA) was established to provide formal and binding administration of the game in Victoria. By 1888, the VFA had brought a formal structure to its on-field competition, including the system under which the premiership was decided, and thus the VFA was serving as both the game's administrative body and as its top senior competition in Victoria. In October 1896, eight of the VFA's thirteen clubs seceded and established the Victorian Football League (VFL). The VFL

This is a document about Origins of Australian rules football
  The origins of Australian rules football date back to the late 1850s in Melbourne, the capital city of Victoria. There is documentary evidence of "foot-ball" being played in Australia as early as the 1820s. These games were poorly documented but appear to have been informal, one-off affairs. In 1858, cricketers, sports' enthusiasts and school students began to regularly play variants of English public school football in the parklands of Melbourne. The following year, four members of the newly formed Melbourne Football Club codified the laws from which Australian rules football evolved. Professional historians began taking a serious interest in the origins of Australian rules football

This is a document about List of VFL/AFL premiers
  This page is a complete chronological listing of VFL/AFL premiers. The Australian Football League (AFL), known as the Victorian Football League (VFL) until 1990, is the elite national competition in men's Australian rules football. The inaugural premiership was awarded as a result of a round-robin finals system; this format was replaced after the first season, and a grand final has been held every season since 1898 to determine the premiers, with the exception of 1924 when a modified round-robin system was used. The formation of a national competition, beginning in 1987, has resulted in the league attempting to develop "an

This is a document about Colony of Tasmania
  by the arrival of Australian rules football from Victoria, which quickly took off in popularity. The first organised match was held in 1859, the Tasmanian Football League was formed in 1879, making it arguably the third oldest football competition in the world, and by 1884 the first inter-colonial match was held against Victoria. Yacht and boat racing had quickly taken off, as the colony was located on an island, most people were familiar with sailing, and enjoyed it as a pastime. In 1838 the Royal Hobart Regatta had begun, and celebrated many forms of aquatic competitions. Horse racing was also quickly established as a popular pastime, with organised

The first Australian football competition was held in 1858 in Melbourne, Victoria. It was a local competition and the rules were codified in 1877. The first interstate competition was held in 1884.