Question: where is ant and dec 's takeaway filmed

Answer: Universal Orlando

This is a document about Take Away
  The set of the take-away store was constructed opposite the Alphington railway station on Wingrove Street in Alphington, Victoria. Other parts of the movie were also filmed in the upcoming suburb of Northcote, Melbourne, including the old AMF Bowling, and the Northcote YMCA. The set was demolished after filming was complete. The land was since subdivided and new houses built on it.

This is a document about In for a Penny (game show)
  The show was announced, in April 2018, during the finale of the fifteenth series of Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway. The series began on 13 April 2019. On 9 July 2019, it was announced the show would return for a second series and a Christmas special. On 4th August 2020, filming began for a third series, with all social distancing guidelines being followed. During August 2021, filming for a fourth series commenced, which is likely to air in Spring 2022.

This is a document about Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway
  Filming for every episode is done both live, for studio segments and off-site broadcasts across the country, and pre-recorded for filmed segments. Live studio segments since the show premiered took place from Studio 1 at The London Studios, and included the backstage areas near to the studio for various sketches and banter by the presenters. Although the presenters are the primary cast members of Saturday Night Takeaway, the show also employs a variety of co-stars who would handle off-site segments. After 2018, live studio segments would cease to be conducted at London Studios following the conclusion of the fifteenth series, owing to the site's

This is a document about Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway
  On 31 October 2013, it was announced that a live tour of the show, under the title "Takeaway on Tour", would be co-produced between Ant & Dec, James Grant Live, and ITV Studios. Presented by the show's hosts, with Kim Gavin as the tour's artistic director, it featured appearances by various celebrities and performers and a number of segments from the programme, including an appearance by Ashley Roberts (who also performed at the shows) as the host of the tour's version of "Ant vs. Dec". Demand for tickets was high, and led to extra dates and venues being added on 28 November 2013, along with some shows having their dates rearranged. The tour ran for only one series of shows, between August 6 - September 13, 2014 across various cities in the United Kingdom, including London, Cardiff, Birmingham, Manchester, and Glasgow, and also in Dublin, Ireland.

This is a document about List of Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway episodes
  Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway (referred to simply as Saturday Night Takeaway or SNT) is a British television variety show, presented by Ant & Dec. Each episodes focuses on a variety of segments heavily influenced by previous Saturday night light entertainment shows, most notably Noel's House Party and Don't Forget Your Toothbrush, and with some paying homage to Saturday night TV of the past, such as Opportunity Knocks, and range from pranks, humorous entertainment, games, and musical acts. The following lists each series, a brief summary of segments, including changes to what was used, appearances by guests, and the ratings given for each episode; from the fifth series onwards, the list includes the scores from the "Ant vs. Dec" segment, the seventh series onwards lists information on the guest announcers that appeared in each episode following the introduction of this format to the programme, and the tenth series onwards lists the closing performances used in each episode.

This is a document about Chris & Julia's Sunday Night Takeaway
  Chris & Julia's Sunday Night Takeaway (frequently referred to as Sunday Night Takeaway or simply Takeaway) is an Australian television variety show, presented by Chris Brown and Julia Morris. It premiered on Network 10 on 24 February 2019 and airs on Sunday nights. It is based on the British television show of the same name, Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway, created and presented by Ant McPartlin and Declan Donnelly. The show features a mixture of live and pre-recorded entertainment, quiz segments and competitions. Chris & Julia's Sunday Night Takeaway was filmed at Fox Studios Australia.

This is a document about Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway
  Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway (referred to simply as Saturday Night Takeaway or SNT) is a British television variety show, created and presented by Anthony McPartlin and Declan Donnelly (colloquially known as Ant & Dec), and broadcast on ITV since its premiere on 8 June 2002, enduring a four-year hiatus between 2009 and 2013, while its presenters worked on other projects. The show's format, heavily influenced by previous Saturday night light entertainment shows such as Noel's House Party, Opportunity Knocks and Don't Forget Your Toothbrush, focuses on a mixture of live and pre-recorded entertainment and quiz segments, including an audience-based quiz involving the television adverts during a week's episode of one of ITV's programmes, and a competition in each series between the two presenters.

This is a document about Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom
  Television programmes to be affected included forthcoming series of Peaky Blinders and Line of Duty, which had their filming schedules delayed. On 13 March, ITV announced that the 2020 series finale of Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway, scheduled to be broadcast from Walt Disney World in Florida would no longer go ahead after the resort announced its intention to close as a precautionary measure. On 16 March, ITV announced that the filming schedule for its two soaps, Coronation Street and Emmerdale had not been affected by the pandemic, but filming ceased on 23 March. On 18 March ITV announced the semi-final of the ninth

This is a document about List of Bo' Selecta! characters
  Ant and Dec are the presenters of the TV show 'Ant Man & Dec Pet's Take Out', a parody of their real life programme Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway. Ant is portrayed as having a high forehead and pants like a dog (he explains to Dec in one sketch this is because of all the blood rushing down from his forehead), whilst Dec constantly quotes his father and can be seen twitching. The sketches all revolve around Ant being sodomised by a celebrity guest using strange items (such as a satellite dish and a snooker cue), whilst Dec goes backstage to 'have a stotty cake'. In the last ever sketch, Ant is sodomised by Dec himself, but as Dec says "I won't be using an implement, I'll be using me manhood".

This is a document about List of Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway episodes
  like “totes emosh”, pretending to see a spider in the studio etc. This Morning were declared winners since they completed the most dares. Also due to the COVID-19 regime the series finale will be live at the Television Centre, London and the main 'Happiest Minute' and series giveaway was changed to reflect this. Now called the 'Takeaway Getaway,' winners are given the opportunity to take an all-inclusive holiday anytime up to April 2023 courtesy of TUI. Sponsorship: National Lottery Ratings Opening Performance Double Trouble Ant vs Dec: Go for Gold Commentated by Clive Tyldesley. Singalong Live Ant & Dec Undercover I'm a Celebrity...Get Out of Me Ear! "End of the Show" - Show Star Guest Announcers:

This is a document about Ant & Dec
  Ant & Dec are a British television presenting duo, consisting of comedians, television presenters and singers Ant McPartlin (born 18 November 1975) and Declan Donnelly (born 25 September 1975), from Newcastle upon Tyne, North East England. Formed after their meeting as child actors on CBBC's drama Byker Grove, they performed together as pop musicians PJ & Duncan, the names of their characters from the series. The duo have since pursued careers as television presenters, and currently host Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway, I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!, and Britain's Got Talent. Previous hosting credits include SMTV Live, CD:UK, Friends Like These, Pop Idol, PokerFace, Push the Button, Red or Black?, and Text Santa. They presented the annual Brit Awards in 2001, 2015 and 2016. In addition to presenting, the pair are actors and both had leading roles in the 2006 film Alien Autopsy. They also have their own production company, Mitre Television. In a 2004 poll for the BBC, Ant & Dec were named the eighteenth most influential people in British culture. As of 2021, they have won the award for Most Popular TV Presenter at the National Television Awards for twenty years running.

This is a document about Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway
  programme proved an immense success for the broadcaster since its launch, earning several awards including Best Presenters at the 18th National Television Awards and the BAFTA for Entertainment Programme in 2013, as well as earning awards for the presenters. Its success led to several international versions being created, though most have been short-lived, as well as a special mini-series of episodes involving an adventure of Ant & Dec, that were later broadcast as a special episode during the Christmas TV season. An official Saturday Night Takeaway iOS app for iPod, iPhone and iPad was released on 15 February 2013. Since the thirteenth series, the programme airs its series finales in location outside of the UK, with the exception of the sixteenth and seventeenth series due

This is a document about This Is Your Life (British TV series)
  1994 but was still produced independently by Thames Television, by then no longer an ITV contractor. The programme was discontinued again in 2003. At first, the show was broadcast live; later, programmes were sometimes pre-recorded. Live broadcasts ended in 1983 when boxer Alan Minter could not stop swearing during his appearance. The show returned in June 2007 on ITV for a one-off-special programme hosted by Sir Trevor McDonald with guest Simon Cowell. The new edition was co-produced by ITV Productions, STV Productions, TIYL Productions, Click TV and Ralph Edwards Productions. Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway featured a return of This Is Your Life to celebrate Ant & Dec's 25 years together, quizzing them on their 25 years as part of "Ant vs Dec" in episode 6 of Series 11. Michael Aspel returned as host alongside Ashley Roberts.

This is a document about I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (British series 21)
  On 2 August 2021, it was announced that, due to Australia's border remaining closed amid COVID-19 restrictions in the country, filming would again be taking place at Gwrych Castle in Abergele, Wales instead of Murwillumbah, New South Wales, Australia. As part of the agreement with Gwrych Castle Preservation Trust, ITV announced it would continue to help support the ongoing restoration project of the site. The first trailer for the series was released on 22 October 2021, featuring Ant & Dec dressed up in knight's armour galloping through the Welsh countryside, whilst it was teased that the series would be "more gruelling than ever". The live elements of the show on 26 November had to be pre-recorded for the first time in the show's history due to adverse weather conditions from Storm Arwen. On 27 November, the celebrities were temporarily removed from the castle and the episodes on 27, 28 and 29 November were cancelled due to safety fears and technical difficulties as a result of the storm. The show resumed on 30 November.

This is a document about Home and Away: Revenge
  Revenge was produced by Seven Productions. It was mostly filmed across the Northern Territory in Alice Springs and Darwin. Filming took place during the winter and lasted for ten days. Gormley pointed out that the weather conditions were different to Sydney, where Home and Away is filmed. On the first day, the production was interrupted by rain and Gormley said the crew had "to get creative" with the environment. Of filming in the Northern Territory, Gormley commented, "Bianca has spent most of her life living in Europe so I think everyone wants to see the Red Centre at some point, its one of those really iconic places. I have always wanted to come as well so I was really pumped when they said where we

This is a document about List of Chris & Julia's Sunday Night Takeaway episodes
  Chris & Julia's Sunday Night Takeaway (frequently referred to as Sunday Night Takeaway or simply Takeaway) is an Australian television variety show, presented by Chris Brown & Julia Morris. It is based on the British television show of a similar name, Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway, created and presented by Ant McPartlin and Declan Donnelly. The following lists each series, a brief summary of segments, including changes to what was used, appearances by guests, ratings for each episode, scores from the "Chris vs. Julia" segment and information on guest announcers that appear.

This is a document about List of Phoenix Nights characters
  Ant and Dec (played by Julian Sua and Wai Kee Chan) are two illegal immigrants from Asia, who appear in the second series. They are unwittingly smuggled into the country by Max and Paddy, who are returning to Bolton after a 'booze cruise' from Calais. Despite being illegal immigrants, and being unable to speak a word of English, Brian Potter's thrifty ways soon sees them being employed as chefs at the club. Potter also christens them Ant & Dec (after the famous Geordie duo). Their cheerful nature and cooking skill (after learning not to stir fry chips), makes them a success.

This is a document about I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (British TV series)
  I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out Of Here! (often shortened to I'm a Celebrity or I'm a Celeb) is a British survival reality television show, created by London Weekend Television (LWT), produced by ITV Studios, and aired on ITV. The format sees a group of celebrities living together in extreme conditions with few creature comforts. Each member undertakes challenges to secure additional food and treats for the group, and to avoid being voted out by viewers during their stay, with the final episode's votes nominating who wins a series. The programme's first series debuted on 25 August 2002 and was filmed within Tully, Queensland, Australia. Series from 2003 to 2019 were filmed around Murwillumbah, New South Wales, Australia. From the twentieth series onwards, the programme was filmed in Gwrych Castle, Abergele, Wales. Celebrities participating on the programme nominate a charity to receive a donation from ITV, with

This is a document about I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!
   The UK, German and the 2003 US versions of the series take place in New South Wales, Australia, at a permanently-built up camp and filming studios on a disused banana plantation facility called Dungay Creek in Dungay near Murwillumbah. However the first UK series of the show (aired in 2002) was filmed on a smaller site close to King Ranch (officially El Rancho del Rey) in Kooroomool, near Tully, Queensland, in Australia. The leaseholder of the privately owned Dungay site is the British production company ITV Studios, formerly Granada Television, which extensively redesigned and built on the previously open site and equipped it with camera and sound technology for TV broadcasting. About 600 mostly Australian crew

This is a document about Chris & Julia's Sunday Night Takeaway
  Sunday Night Takeaway is a variety show which has a number of segments including 'Undercover', 'In for a Dollar', 'Happiest Minute', 'I'm a Celebrity...Get Out of My Ear!', 'Audience Surprise', 'Little Chris & Julia', 'Home Run', 'Read My Lips', 'Couch Watch', 'Game of Phones', 'Singalong Live', 'Chris vs. Julia' and 'Win the Ads'. These segments and games are mostly adapted from the British version of the show, Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway, and the different games and segments in the show are similar to or replicas of those on Saturday Night Takeaway.

Ant and Dec's Takeaway is filmed at various locations, including the set constructed opposite the Alphington railway station in Melbourne, Australia, and at the Northcote Bowling Club in Melbourne. The show also features pre-recorded segments filmed at studios.


Question: when did the welsh language became a core subject in the national curriculum in wales

Answer: 1990

This is a document about Wales
  of Education followed in 1907, which gave Wales its first significant educational devolution. A resurgence in Welsh-language schools in the latter half of the 20th century at nursery and primary level saw attitudes shift towards teaching in the medium of Welsh. Welsh is a compulsory subject in all of Wales' state schools for pupils aged 5–16 years old. While there has never been an exclusively Welsh-language college, Welsh-medium higher education is delivered through the individual universities and has since 2011 been supported by the Coleg Cymraeg Cenedlaethol (Welsh National College) as a delocalised federal institution. In 2018–2019, there were 1,494 maintained schools in Wales. In 2018–2019, the country had 468,398 pupils taught by 23,593 full-time equivalent teachers.

This is a document about National Curriculum for Wales
  The National Curriculum was first introduced in Wales as part of the Education Reform Act 1988, alongside the equivalent curriculum for England. Following devolution in 1999, education became a matter for the Welsh Government. Consequently, some elements of the system are different from those in England.

This is a document about Welsh language
  Owen. Towards the beginning of the 20th century this policy slowly began to change, partly owing to the efforts of O.M. Edwards when he became chief inspector of schools for Wales in 1907. The Aberystwyth Welsh School (Ysgol Gymraeg Aberystwyth) was founded in 1939 by Sir Ifan ap Owen Edwards, the son of O.M. Edwards, as the first Welsh Primary School. The headteacher was Norah Isaac. Ysgol Gymraeg Aberystwyth is still a very successful school, and now there are Welsh-language primary schools all over the country. Ysgol Glan Clwyd was established in Rhyl in 1956 as the first Welsh-medium secondary school. Welsh is now widely used in education, with

This is a document about Secondary education in Wales
  to 16-year-olds, work-related education. Schools must also provide careers education and guidance for all 13-16-year-olds. At Key Stage 3, the National Curriculum consists of the "core subjects" of English and Welsh, mathematics and science, and the "non-core subjects" of Welsh second language, modern foreign languages, design and technology, information technology, history, geography, art, music, physical education and religious education. At Key Stage 4, only five National Curriculum subjects are mandatory (English, Welsh or Welsh second language, mathematics, science, and physical education) and schools have greater flexibility to provide optional subjects that meet the needs and interests of their pupils. The majority of learners at this key stage follow courses leading to external qualifications, principally GCSEs.

This is a document about Languages of the United Kingdom
  public service, the judiciary, and elsewhere as prescribed in legislation. The Welsh language is protected by the Welsh Language Act 1993 and the Government of Wales Act 1998, and since 1998 it has been common, for example, for almost all British Government Departments to provide both printed documentation and official websites in both English and Welsh. On 7 December 2010, the National Assembly for Wales unanimously approved a set of measures to develop the use of the Welsh language within Wales. On 9 February 2011, this measure received Royal Assent and was passed, thus making the Welsh language an officially recognised language within Wales. The Welsh Language Board indicated in 2004 that 553,000 people (19.7% of the population of Wales in households or

This is a document about Primary education in Wales
 Foundation phase - pre-compulsory education (ages 3–7) (replacing Early Years (ages 3–5) and Key Stage 1 (ages 5–7).) ; Key Stage 2 - the second phase of compulsory primary education (ages 7–11). In 2001, the Welsh Assembly Government introduced the idea of a new curriculum for Wales. In Wales, statutory education begins in the term after a child's fifth birthday, although many children start primary school earlier than this or their parents choose to home educate them. Between the ages of 3 and 11 a child's education is divided into three main stages:  Primary schools in Wales must, by law, teach the basic curriculum and the National Curriculum. The basic curriculum consists of religious education (RE) and personal and social education (PSE). Primary schools are also required to have a policy on sex education. At Key Stages 1 and 2, the National Curriculum consists of "core subjects" (English, Welsh, mathematics and science) and non-core subjects - Welsh second language, design and technology, information technology, history, geography, art, music, physical education and religious education. There is no statutory requirement to teach English at Key Stage 1 in Welsh-medium schools.

This is a document about Modern language
  All children of the United Kingdom learn English at school. In Wales, all children at English language medium state schools learn Welsh as a second language until the age of 16, which is mainly taught through the medium of English. Welsh language schools teach mainly through the medium of Welsh. In addition, Modern Foreign Languages is a compulsory component in the state education system. At least one language is studied until the end of Key Stage 3. Particular schools may require younger students to study additional languages, and they may be given the option to continue these. Schools are required to teach a program of languages according to local and national guidelines. From 2010,

This is a document about Wales
  school, the Welsh Not was employed as corrective punishment; this was much resented,  although the extent of its use is difficult to determine. State and local governmental edicts resulted in schooling in the English language which, following the 1847 Inquiry into the State of Education in Wales - an event subsequently referred to as the Treachery of the Blue Books (Brad y Llyfrau Gleision) - was seen as more academic and worthwhile for children. The University College of Wales opened in Aberystwyth in 1872. Cardiff and Bangor followed, and the three colleges came together in 1893 to form the University of Wales. The Welsh Intermediate Education Act of 1889 created 95 secondary schools. The Welsh Department for the

This is a document about 1967 in Wales
  Gittins Report on Primary Education in Wales recommends that "every child should be given sufficient opportunity to be reasonably bilingual by the end of the primary stage". ; Merched y Wawr is founded in the village of Parc near Bala, by language campaigner Zonia Bowen, after the Women's Institute refused to allow the Welsh language to be used. ; The University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology (UWIST) in Cardiff is incorporated by charter; it later becomes part of the University of Wales. ; The former Royal Navy Propellant Factory, Caerwent, RAF Caerwent weapons storage facility, is transferred to United States administration. ; The Clywedog Reservoir is completed. ; Francis Jones is appointed to the newly-formed Prince of Wales ' Investiture Committee.

This is a document about Tynged yr Iaith
 Formation of Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg ; Direct action against offices, roadsigns, TV masts: sit-ins and demonstrations ; Drive to create Welsh-language schools ; Positive discrimination in favour of Welsh ; Use of the Israeli model to encourage take-up of the language by adults ; Secretary of State for Wales 1964 ; Welsh Language Act 1967 ; Creation of S4C ; Mushrooming of Welsh language publishing, film production, pop and rock, youth and urban music. "Tynged yr Iaith" (, meaning "The Fate of the Language") was a radio lecture delivered in Welsh by Saunders Lewis on 13 February 1962. Reaction to it brought about a major change in the politics of Wales. Historian John Davies has said that the lecture was "the catalyst" for the formation

This is a document about Demography of the United Kingdom
  Scottish Parliament for education, with day-to-day administration and funding of state schools being the responsibility of local authorities. Scotland first legislated for universal provision of education in 1696. Four percent of children in Scotland attend private schools, a rate which has remained relatively stable since 2015. Scottish students who attend Scottish universities pay neither tuition fees nor graduate endowment charges, as the fees were abolished in 2001 and the graduate endowment scheme was abolished in 2008. The Welsh Government Minister for Education is responsible to the Senedd for education in Wales. One of the most notable distinctive features of education in Wales is the emphasis on the Welsh language – lessons in which are compulsory for all until the age of 16. Whilst

This is a document about Welsh literature in English
  While the second half of the twentieth century saw the serious decline of Welsh heavy industry, along with serious unemployment and the hardship and suffering that came with it, it also saw significant cultural gains with regard to a separate Welsh identity within the British Isles, starting with the appointing of a Secretary of State for Wales in 1964, and the establishment of a Welsh Office in Cardiff the following year. With these developments came an Arts Council for Wales. For the Welsh-speaking minority there was the Welsh Language Act of 1967, and – from the 1970s – the establishment of more schools using Welsh as their primary means of instruction (see education in Wales). A Welsh-language TV channel

This is a document about Bilingual education by country or region
  Roughly a quarter of schoolchildren in Wales now receive their education through the medium of Welsh, and children wishing to join a Welsh medium school (ysgol Gymraeg) do not have to speak Welsh to go to one if they are young enough to learn the language quickly. Welsh medium education has met with great success across Wales since the first such schools opened in the 1940s. There are current plans to extend further provision in urban centres such as Cardiff, Newport, Swansea and Llanelli to cater for growing demand; this has caused controversy in some areas. Welsh-speaking areas use Welsh-medium education almost exclusively. Parents have a legal right for their children to receive education in Welsh, and each local authority caters for this. In the Western flank of Wales, Carmarthenshire, Ceredigion, Gwynedd and Anglesey, most primary and secondary schools are Welsh medium or have bilingual streams. Some 75-80% of all pupils in Carmarthenshire and Ceredigion receive their education through the medium of Welsh, with this figure increasing in Gwynedd to around 90%. In English-medium schools, the study of Welsh is compulsory and must be taught from age 5 to age 16 in all state-funded schools.

This is a document about Glan Afan Comprehensive School
  Until its closure, the school delivered the National Curriculum at Key Stage 3, (years 7, 8 and 9), and Key Stage 4 (Years 10 and 11). The curriculum is organised in order to give a broad and balanced experience meeting the needs of all pupils including those with additional learning needs. All pupils have the opportunity to study Welsh culture within individual subjects. The school also organises an annual Eisteddfod and participates successfully at Local and National Urdd Eisteddfoda.

This is a document about Welsh language
  children and young people in Wales receiving their education in Welsh medium schools in 2014/15, 65,460 in primary and 35,885 in secondary. 26 per cent of all schools in Wales are defined as Welsh medium schools, with a further 7.3 per cent offering some Welsh-medium instruction to pupils. 22 per cent of pupils are in schools in which Welsh is the primary language of instruction. Under the National Curriculum, it is compulsory that all students study Welsh up to the age of 16 as either a first or a second language. Some students choose to continue with their studies through the medium of Welsh for the completion of their

This is a document about Welsh language
  7 December 2010, the Welsh Assembly unanimously approved a set of measures to develop the use of the Welsh language within Wales. On 9 February 2011 this measure, the Proposed Welsh Language (Wales) Measure 2011, was passed and received Royal Assent, thus making the Welsh language an officially recognised language within Wales. The measure: The measure requires public bodies and some private companies to provide services in Welsh. The Welsh government's Minister for Heritage at the time, Alun Ffred Jones, said, "The Welsh language is a source of great pride for the people of Wales, whether they speak it or not, and I am delighted

This is a document about Rhondda
  dialect was once called "tafodiaith gwŷr y Gloran" (the dialect of Gloran men). As industrialisation began, there was still little shift in the use of Welsh. Initial immigrants were Welsh: it was not until the 1900s that English workers began settling in any great numbers, and in any case it was not these new workers who changed the language. The erosion of Welsh had begun in the 1860s in the school classrooms. The educational philosophy accepted by schoolmasters and governmental administrators was that English was the language of scholars and Welsh a barrier to moral and commercial prosperity. In 1901,

This is a document about Monmouth Comprehensive School
  The school teaches Welsh as the subject has been compulsory in Wales since the Welsh Language Act of 1993. However, in 2009 there were still students being sent to John Kyrle High School in Ross-on-Wye, England where the Act does not apply. At the same time another bus brought children from Ross to the school where they would learn Welsh.

This is a document about Welsh language
  Welsh has been spoken continuously in Wales throughout history, but by 1911 it had become a minority language, spoken by 43.5 percent of the population. While this decline continued over the following decades, the language did not die out. By the start of the 21st century, numbers began to increase once more, at least partly as a result of the increase in Welsh-medium education. The 2004 Welsh Language Use Survey showed that 21.7 percent of the population of Wales spoke Welsh, compared with 20.8 percent in the 2001 Census, and 18.5 percent in 1991 Census. The 2011 Census, however, showed a slight decline to 562,000, or 19 per cent of the population. The census also showed a "big drop" in the number

This is a document about Wales
  formed in 1925, seeking greater autonomy or independence from the rest of the UK. The term "England and Wales" became common for describing the area to which English law applied, and in 1955 Cardiff was proclaimed as Wales' capital. Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg (The Welsh Language Society) was formed in 1962, in response to fears that the language might soon die out. Nationalist sentiment grew following the flooding of the Tryweryn valley in 1965 to create a reservoir to supply water to the English city of Liverpool. Although 35 of the 36 Welsh MPs voted against the bill (one abstained), Parliament passed the bill and the

The Welsh language became a core subject in the National Curriculum in Wales for all state schools in 1996.


Question: who is the female lead in chitty chitty bang bang

Answer: Sally Ann Howes

This is a document about Heather Ripley
 Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (1968) - Jemima Potts

This is a document about Chitty-Chitty-Bang-Bang
  Daily Express serialisation (1964) Chitty-Chitty-Bang-Bang was serialised in the Daily Express newspaper in five episodes over the course of a week, from Monday 19 October 1964, to Friday 23 October 1964. Chitty Chitty Bang Bang'' (1968 film) A film loosely based on the novel was made in 1968, with a screenplay written by Roald Dahl and Ken Hughes, directed by Hughes. It was produced by Albert R. "Cubby" Broccoli, who had made five James Bond films previously. The film starred Dick Van Dyke as Caractacus Potts and Sally Ann Howes as Truly Scrumptious, an additional character who was not in Fleming's novel. Two actors from the Bond franchise were involved in the film: Desmond Llewelyn and Gert Fröbe, who played the parts of scrap-dealer Coggins

This is a document about Truly Scrumptious
 Emma Williams - Originated the role in London (2002-2003) ; Caroline Sheen (2003-2004) ; Scarlett Strallen (2004-2005) ; Jo Gibb - Closed out the London Production (2005) ; Erin Dilly - Originated the role on Broadway and closed out the Production (2005) ; Marissa Dunlop - Originated the role in the National UK Tour (2005-2007) ; Rachel Stanley - Closed out the National UK Tour (2008) ; Kelly McCormick in the US National Tour in 2008-2009. ; Rachael Beck - Australian Tour 2012-2013. ; Carrie Hope Fletcher - UK Tour (4 May 2016 - 2 October 2016) Various actresses have now played Truly Scrumptious in stage productions of Chitty Chitty Bang Bang. These include the following in the order they have played the character. Approximate Dates given where available

This is a document about Truly Scrumptious
  Truly Scrumptious is a fictional character in the Chitty Chitty Bang Bang film and stage production based on the children's novel of the same name by author Ian Fleming. In the film the character is portrayed by Sally Ann Howes, after it was declined by Julie Andrews. Truly Scrumptious develops a romantic relationship with the widower Caractacus Potts (played by Dick Van Dyke). The character does not appear in the original book, in which Caractacus is married to Mimsie Pott (the surname as spelled in the book). The filmmakers felt that a budding romantic relationship would serve the film better than the marriage shown in the book, and so Caractacus was portrayed as a widower.

This is a document about Chitty Chitty Bang Bang
  1965, it was reported Earl Hamner had completed a script from the novel. In July 1966, it was announced the film would be produced by Albert Broccoli. Broccoli and Harry Saltzman produced the James Bond films but would do separate projects as well; Chitty Chitty was done by Broccoli alone. In December 1966. Broccoli announced that Dick Van Dyke would play the lead. It was the first in a multi-picture deal Van Dyke signed with United Artists. By April 1967, Sally Ann Howes was set to play the female lead, and Ken Hughes would direct from a Roald Dahl script. Howes was signed to a five-picture contract with Broccoli. It

This is a document about Family Classics
  Chitty Bang Bang (1968 film)  (Dick Van Dyke) ; Christmas in Connecticut (1945 film) (Barbara Stanwyck) ; ''Challenge to Lassie (1949 film) (Lassie) ; Cheaper by the Dozen (1950 film) ; A Child Called Jesus (1987 film) ; A Christmas Carol (1938 film) (Reginald Owen) ; A Christmas Carol (1984 film) (George C. Scott) ; A Christmas Story (1983 film) ; Circus World (1964 film) (John Wayne, Rita Hayworth) ; City Beneath the Sea (1971 film) (Robert Wagner, Richard Basehart) ; Come to the Stable (1949 film) (Loretta Young) ; A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (1949 film) (Bing Crosby) ; Conrack

This is a document about Anna Quayle
 A Hard Day's Night (1964) as Millie ; The Sandwich Man (1966) as Second Billingsgate Lady ; Drop Dead Darling (1966) as Aunt Miriam ; Casino Royale (1967) as Frau Hoffner ; Smashing Time (1967) as Charlotte Brillig ; Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (1968) as Baroness Bomburst ; Up the Chastity Belt (1971) as Lady Ashfodel ; Mistress Pamela (1974) as Mrs. Jelks ; Eskimo Nell (1975) as Reverend Mother ; Three for All (1975) as La Pulle ; The Seven-Per-Cent Solution (1976) as Freda ; Adventures of a Private Eye (1977) as Medea ; Adventures of a Plumber's Mate (1978) as Loretta Proudfoot ; S.O.S. Titanic (1979) as Woman Turkish Bath Attendant: Maude Slocombe

This is a document about Sally Ann Howes
  In 1967, Howes began the long shooting schedule for what would become a classic children's film, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (1968). She starred as Truly Scrumptious, the beautiful aristocratic daughter of a confectionery magnate. For this leading role she was paid £44,939 (£836,710; $1,133,323 in 2021 terms), whereas her male co-star Dick Van Dyke's fee was £615,425 (£11,458,472; $15,520,489 in 2021 terms) (source: UK National Archives). At the time, Dick Van Dyke was a major draw, having won three Emmys for The Dick Van Dyke Show, and a previous Tony and Grammy award.

This is a document about Heather Ripley
  Heather Ripley (born 6 May 1959) is a Scottish former actress. She is best known for the film Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (1968), in which she played Jemima Potts. After turning her back on a career in the film industry much of her adult life has been spent as an anti-nuclear activist and eco-campaigner.

This is a document about Chitty-Chitty-Bang-Bang
  Baron Bomberst, respectively. A novelisation of the film was published by Pan Books in 1968, written by author John Burke. Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (2002 musical) On 16 April 2002, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, a stage musical based on the film, opened at the London Palladium theatre. It was directed by Adrian Noble with musical staging and choreography by Gillian Lynne, and starred Michael Ball. This version of the show closed in September 2005. It was the longest-running show ever at the London Palladium, taking over £70 million in its three-and-a-half-year run. The show was nominated for two Laurence Olivier Awards. A Broadway version opened on 28 April 2005 at the Lyric Theatre (then the Hilton Theatre) in New York City and closed on 31

This is a document about Sally Ann Howes
  Sally Ann Howes (born 20 July 1930) is an English actress and singer who holds dual British-American citizenship. Her career on stage, screen, and television has spanned over six decades. She is best known for the role of Truly Scrumptious in the 1968 musical film Chitty Chitty Bang Bang. She was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Lead Actress in a Musical in 1963 for her performance in Brigadoon.

This is a document about Ellen Marlow
  Ellen Marlow portrayed the role of Claire Lyons in the Warner Premiere movie The Clique based on the New York Times' best selling book by Lisi Harrison that was released in fall of 2008. Ellen originated the lead role of Jemima Potts in the Broadway production of the Tony-nominated musical "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" (directed by Adrian Noble and co-starring Raúl Esparza and Philip Bosco). In dream-come-true fashion, she was chosen for the coveted role from among 3000 young hopefuls at an open casting call and, at the age of ten, moved to New York City, where she would also appear as Katarina in director Des McAnuff’s NY staged reading of the musical Zhivago. Prior to Broadway, the Texas native was seen in

This is a document about Chu-Chi Face
  "Chu-Chi Face" is a song from Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, the 1968 musical motion picture. In the film it is sung by Gert Fröbe as Baron Bomburst and Anna Quayle as Baroness Bomburst. "Chu-Chi Face" is also featured prominently in the award-winning stage musical version of Chitty Chitty Bang Bang which premiered in London at the Palladium in 2002 and on Broadway in 2005 at the newly refurbished Foxwoods Theatre (then the Hilton Theatre). Brian Blessed and Nichola McAuliffe originated their respective stage roles at the London Palladium in 2002.

This is a document about Chitty Chitty Bang Bang
  Chitty Chitty Bang Bang is a 1968 musical-fantasy film directed by Ken Hughes with a screenplay co-written by Roald Dahl and Hughes, loosely based on Ian Fleming's novel Chitty-Chitty-Bang-Bang: The Magical Car (1964). The film stars Dick Van Dyke, Sally Ann Howes, Adrian Hall, Heather Ripley, Lionel Jeffries, Benny Hill, James Robertson Justice, Robert Helpmann, Barbara Windsor and Gert Fröbe. The film was produced by Albert R. Broccoli. John Stears supervised the special effects. Irwin Kostal supervised and conducted the music, while the musical numbers, written by Richard M. and Robert B. Sherman, were staged by Marc Breaux and Dee Dee Wood. The song "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" was nominated for an Academy Award.

This is a document about UCLA Bruin Marching Band
  500 Days of Summer (2009) on camera ; Silver Linings Playbook (2012) soundtrack "Drum Cadence" ; Struck By Lightning (2012) soundtrack "Play That Funky Music, White Boy" UCLA's location near many of the major movie studios has helped to have the UCLA band to be selected to appear in many films where a marching band is needed.   The band also appeared in the 41st Academy Awards show in 1969 to play the Chitty Chitty Bang Bang theme song, which was nominated for Best Original Song. They were introduced by Ingrid Bergman and Sidney Poitier as the "answer to the musical question: Chitty Chitty, Bang Bang?" Dancer Paula Kelly performed along with the band. It was listed by Newsday as one of the most memorable moments in the 1969 broadcast, the first international broadcast of the show.

This is a document about Truly Scrumptious (song)
  Truly Scrumptious is a song composed for the 1968 motion picture Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, and later performed in its 2002/2005 stage adaptation. The song was written by Robert B. Sherman & Richard M. Sherman. It is about the lead female character, Truly. The first time we hear the music to the song is when Truly (played by Sally Ann Howes in the film) motors up to the Potts' windmill with the children. It is later sung to her by Adrian Hall and Heather Ripley (as Jeremy and Jemima), the twin children of widower Caractacus Potts (played by Dick Van Dyke in the film), and she sings the second verse back to them. It occurs at the beach scene in the middle of the film when all the characters begin to fall in love with each other.

This is a document about Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (song)
  "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" is an Academy Award-nominated song from Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, the 1968 musical motion picture. In the film it is sung by Dick Van Dyke and Sally Ann Howes. "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" is also featured prominently in Chitty the Musical, which premiered in London at the Palladium in 2002 and on Broadway in 2005 at the newly refurbished Foxwoods Theatre (then the Hilton Theatre). This song was covered by Ferrente and Teicher, New Christy Minstrels, and the Chipmunks with David Seville, who sang an extra bridge section, not used in the motion picture version. The song is parodied in the South Park episode "It Hits the Fan" sung by Mr. Garrison and by Jim Carrey in Ace Ventura: When Nature Calls. A version of the song (albeit with lyric changes) was used in a public information film for the DVLA about failure to pay road tax, in which Chitty Chitty Bang Bang was clamped because Caractacus Potts had failed to pay the road tax. Steampunk band Abney Park sometimes covers "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" at live shows.

This is a document about The Sound of Musicals
  Week 3 Introduction—Wilkommen (John Barrowman), Hello Dolly (Ruthie Henshall), If They Could See Me Now (Carrie Grant), Matchmaker, Matchmaker (Mica Paris), Edelweiss (Jon Lee), Somewhere (David Grant & Company) Children's Medley (closing) -- Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, Jon Lee, David Grant, Ruthie Henshall, Les Dennis, Joseph McManners), Supercalifragilistic (Mary Poppins, Ruthie Henshall & same), Part of Your World (The Little Mermaid, Carrie Grant), Bad Guys (Bugsy Malone, Jon Lee & David Grant), The Bare Necessities (The Jungle Book, Les Dennis & Joseph McManners), Tomorrow (Annie, Ruthie Henshall & company)

This is a document about Erin Dilly
  Erin Dilly (born May 12, 1972) is an American actress. She is most noted for her portrayal of Truly Scrumptious in the 2005 musical Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, for which she was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical and the Outer Critics Circle Award.

This is a document about Chitty-Chitty-Bang-Bang
  the last book he wrote and he did not live to see it published. Chitty-Chitty-Bang-Bang was loosely adapted as a 1968 film of the same name with a screenplay by Roald Dahl and Ken Hughes; a subsequent novelisation was also published. The film was produced by Albert R. Broccoli, co-producer of the James Bond film series. The story was also adapted as a stage musical under the same name. In April 2011 a BBC Radio 4 Extra adaptation was broadcast with Imogen Stubbs as the voice of Chitty. Three sequels to Fleming's book have been published, all written by Frank Cottrell-Boyce.

The female lead in "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" is Truly Scrumptious, who is portrayed by Sally Ann Howes in the film and by various actresses in different productions of the musical.


Question: what is the state tax in puerto rico

Answer: 6 %

This is a document about Sales taxes in the United States
  Puerto Rico has a 10.5% commonwealth sales tax that applies to both products and services with few exemptions (including items such as unprocessed foods, prescription medicines and business-to-business services). Additionally, most municipalities have a city sales tax of 1% for a total of 11.5%. Some items that are exempt from commonwealth sales tax, specifically unprocessed foods, are subject to the city sales tax in the municipalities.

This is a document about Taxation in Puerto Rico
  The Puerto Rico Sales and Use Tax (SUT, Impuesto a las Ventas y Uso, IVU) is the combined sales and use tax applied to most sales in Puerto Rico. As of 2020, the tax rate is 11.5%: 1.0% of the tax collected goes to the municipality where the sale was executed (there are 78 municipios - municipalities), and 10.5% of the tax collected goes to Government of Puerto Rico ("state" level). Furthermore, half of the portion that belongs to the state government is destined to the Urgent Interest Fund Corporation (COFINA) to pay the public debt of Puerto Rico, making it a three-tier tax. In July 2006, the government

This is a document about Taxation in Puerto Rico
  While the Commonwealth government has its own tax laws, Puerto Rico residents are also required to pay US federal taxes,     but most residents do not have to pay the federal personal income tax. Employers in Puerto Rico are subject to both Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) tax (a payroll withholding tax, which funds Social Security and Medicare) and the Federal Unemployment Tax Act (FUTA). Employers in Puerto Rico must withhold the employee portion of FICA taxes from their employees' wages and contribute the employer portion of FICA. In 2016, Puerto Rico paid close to $3.5 billion into the US Treasury in the form of Business Income Taxes, Individual income tax withheld and FICA tax, Individual income tax payments and SECA tax, Unemployment insurance tax, Estate and trust income tax, Estate tax, Gift tax and Excise taxes.

This is a document about Internal Revenue Code (Puerto Rico)
  The Internal Revenue Code of Puerto Rico (Spanish: Código de Rentas Internas de Puerto Rico) is the main body of domestic statutory tax law of Puerto Rico organized topically, including laws covering income taxes, payroll taxes, gift taxes, estate taxes, and statutory excise taxes.

This is a document about Taxation in Puerto Rico
  Taxation in Puerto Rico consists of taxes paid to the United States federal government and taxes paid to the Government of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Payment of taxes to the federal government, both personal and corporate, is done through the federal Internal Revenue Service (IRS), while payment of taxes to the Commonwealth government is done through the Puerto Rico Department of Treasury (Departamento de Hacienda). Puerto Rico is an unincorporated territory of the United States and Puerto Ricans are U.S. citizens; however, Puerto Rico is not a U.S. state, but a U.S. insular area. Consequently, while all Puerto Rico residents pay federal taxes, many

This is a document about Implications of Puerto Rico's current political status
  The U.S. Government classifies Puerto Rico as an independent taxation authority by Federal Law codified on the Title 48 of the United States Code as. Puerto Rico residents are required to pay U.S. federal taxes, import/export taxes, federal commodity taxes, social security taxes etc. Individuals working with the Federal Government pay federal income taxes while the rest of the residents are required to pay federal payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare), as well as Commonwealth of Puerto Rico income taxes. All federal employees, plus those who do business with the federal government, in addition to Puerto Rico-based corporations that intend to send funds to the U.S., and some others also pay federal income taxes. In 2009, Puerto Rico paid $3.742 billion into

This is a document about List of Puerto Rico locations by per capita income
  This is a list of Puerto Rico locations by per capita income. In 2017, Puerto Rico had a per capita income of $12,081 — lower than any state and one of the lowest in the United States. In 2017, Puerto Rico had a median household income of $19,775 — the lowest of any state or territory in the United States. Puerto Rico is the only U.S. territory whose data is recorded annually in American Community Survey estimates (as if it were a state) — the other U.S. territories have their data recorded only once every 10 years.

This is a document about Taxation in Puerto Rico
  Residents of Puerto Rico are required to pay most types of federal taxes. Specifically, residents of Puerto Rico pay customs taxes, Federal commodity taxes, and all payroll taxes (also known as FICA taxes, which include to (a) Social Security, (b) Medicare, and Unemployment taxes).

This is a document about Income tax in the United States
  wages. Puerto Rico also imposes its own taxation laws; however, unlike in the states, only some residents there pay federal income taxes (though everyone must pay all other federal taxes).<ref group="Note">Contrary to common misconception, residents of Puerto Rico do pay U.S. federal taxes: customs taxes (which are subsequently returned to the Puerto Rico Treasury) (See [http://www.doi.gov/oia/Islandpages/prpage.htm Dept of the Interior, Office of Insular Affairs. DOI.gov)], import/export taxes (See Stanford.wellsphere.com) , federal commodity taxes (See Stanford.wellsphere.com) , social security taxes (See IRS.gov), etc. Residents pay federal payroll taxes, such as Social Security (See IRS.gov) and Medicare (See Reuters.com), as well as Commonwealth of Puerto Rico income taxes (See Puertorico-herald.org and HTRCPA.com   ).

This is a document about Taxation in Puerto Rico
  some residents of Puerto Rico are not required to file federal income tax returns because their income falls below the poverty threshold. As of 2019, the median income of Puerto Rico was $20,166, which falls below the poverty threshold of $24,400. The IRS does not require individuals or households below the poverty threshold to pay federal income tax. Puerto Rico residents pay more in federal income taxes every year than do residents of six U.S. states: "From 1998 up until 2006, when Puerto Rico was hit by its present economic recession, Puerto Rico consistently contributed more than $4 billion annually in

This is a document about Taxation in Puerto Rico
  The main body of domestic statutory tax law in Puerto Rico is the Código de Rentas Internas de Puerto Rico (Internal Revenue Code of Puerto Rico). The code organizes commonwealth laws covering commonwealth income tax, payroll taxes, gift taxes, estate taxes and statutory excise taxes. All federal employees, those who do business with the federal government, Puerto Rico-based corporations that intend to send funds to the US, and some others also pay federal income taxes (for example, Puerto Rico residents who earned income from sources outside Puerto Rico. In addition, because the cutoff point for income taxation is lower than that of the US IRS code and because the per-capita income in Puerto Rico is much lower than the average per-capita income on the U.S. mainland, more Puerto Rico residents pay income taxes to the local taxation authority than if the IRS code were applied to the island. That occurs because "the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico government has a wider set of [fiscal] responsibilities than do U.S. State and local governments."

This is a document about Value-added tax
  In the United States, currently, there is no federal value-added tax (VAT) on goods or services. Instead, a sales and use tax is used in most US states. VATs have been the subject of much scholarship in the US and are one of the most contentious tax policy topics. In 2015, Puerto Rico passed legislation to replace its 6% sales and use tax with a 10.5% VAT beginning 1 April 2016, although the 1% municipal sales and use tax will remain and, notably, materials imported for manufacturing will be exempted. In doing so, Puerto Rico will become the first US jurisdiction to adopt a

This is a document about Roads in Puerto Rico
  y Obras Públicas, or DTOP). Puerto Rico's Interstate Highways, or the Puerto Rico Highway Program (PRHP), which are not signed, are partially funded by the US federal government, as Puerto Rico's citizens pay federal taxes. At one time, Puerto Rico was treated as a state for the remittance of federal-aid highway funds, but with TEA-21, a legislative act, "Puerto Rico no longer receives a share of the apportioned Federal-aid highway funds. TEA-21 established a new highway program for Puerto Rico, and authorized $110 million from the Highway Trust Fund for this program for fiscal years 1998-2003." More recently, for fiscal years 2016–2020, the FAST Act continues to authorize $158 million

This is a document about Economy of Puerto Rico
  at a faster pace than the growth of its economy, reaching $46.7 billion in 2008. In January 2009, Luis Fortuño enacted several measures aimed at eliminating the government's $3.3 billion deficit, including laying off 12,505 government employees. Puerto Rico's unemployment rate was 15.9 percent in January 2010. Some analysts said they expect the government's layoffs to propel that rate to 17 percent. In November 2010, Gov. Fortuño proposed a tax reform plan that would be implemented in a six-year period, retroactive to January 1, 2010. The first phase, applicable to year 2010, reduces taxes to all individual taxpayers by 7–15%. By year

This is a document about Willie Tax
  The Willie Tax is the municipal 1% tax imposed on the residents of the city of Caguas, Puerto Rico. The name is derived from the proponent mayor William Miranda Marín. The tax was levied in September 2005 after much debate and protest from the local residents. It was levied as a way to charge residents for the waste disposal that the municipalities have to provide by law. It has resulted in an estimated $500,000 city income.

This is a document about Puerto Rican government-debt crisis
  the island and causing its population to shrink and its economy to contract in all but one year since the Great Recession. Because the Constitution of Puerto Rico established that "all available resources" must first go towards payment of the Commonwealth's general obligation bonds, in 2006, the Commonwealth began issuing Puerto Rico Sales Tax Revenue Bonds, to avoid its constitution's limits by being paid directly into a separate urgent interest fund. Sales tax was increased to 11%. The last property tax assessment was done in 1958. It was not until Puerto Rico enlarged its outstanding debt to $71 billion—an amount approximately equal to 68% of Puerto Rico's gross domestic product (GDP)—that Puerto Rican bonds were downgraded to non-investment grade

This is a document about Economy of Puerto Rico
  state in 2007. In 2010 the median income in Puerto Rico was $19,370, which is just over half that of the poorest state (Mississippi, $37,838) and 37% of the nationwide average ($51,144). According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the Department of Labor of the United States, the mean annual salary of residents of Puerto Rico is $27,190, the lowest among U.S. territories continuously surveyed periodically by the institution. Guam has the second lowest mean salary to $31,840, closely followed Mississippi, a state, with $34,770. This spread in mean wages could be explained by a minimum wage law for certain industries that are capped to 70% of the federal minimum wage of $7.25 per hour. In 2017, the median income in Puerto Rico was $25,332.

This is a document about Hollander tax
  The Hollander Tax was a land tax put in place in 1900 by the Puerto Rico's US-appointed Treasurer, Jacob Hollander shortly after the acquisition of the island by the United States following the Spanish American War. It exempted lands priced below $100 and thus fell squarely on middle- and high-income landowners. Because there were no usury laws applicable in Puerto Rico like there were in the United States, interest rates spiked. It is often attributed as being a cause of the shift of land ownership to US banks. The implementation of this law coincided with an artificial devaluation of the Puerto Rican Peso by US authorities.

This is a document about Economy of Puerto Rico
  Taxation is highly complex due to a lack of uniformity in the local internal revenue code and a disparate amount of incentives, subsidies, tax exemptions, tax breaks, and tax deductions.. For example, an ordinary retail sale might have to pay: import taxes, sales taxes, property taxes, corporate net income taxes, national taxes, excise taxes, and sin taxes depending on the item being sold. Regardless of all this, American citizens that reside in Puerto Rico do not pay federal income taxes unless they work for the federal government, do business with the federal government, or send funds to the mainland United States. This peculiarity has been taken as an advantage by the local government which now offers a plethora of tax exemptions and tax benefits for high-net-worth individuals that relocate to the island. These benefits have been ratified into law through Act 20 of 2012, Act 22 of 2012, and Act 273 of 2012. Thanks to these acts, business owners residing on the island might be completely exempt from paying any local and federal taxes at all, depending on their line of business. On November 15, 2006, the government implemented a 5.5% sales tax.

This is a document about Caguas, Puerto Rico
  In September 2005, city mayor William Miranda Marín levied the first municipal tax in Puerto Rico via city ordinance. Area merchants now charge a one cent tax for every dollar spent at all retail businesses. The tax has become known around the island as the "Willie Tax." It resulted in an estimated $500,000 monthly income for the city. However, the municipal tax was increased to 1.5% after the establishment of the 5.5% state tax, for a total of 7%, and the tax was declared illegal by the Puerto Rico's Supreme Court. In 2006, Miranda Marín began calling Caguas "El Nuevo País de Caguas" ("The New Country of Caguas").

The state tax in Puerto Rico is a 10.5% commonwealth sales and use tax, which applies to most goods and services. Additionally, there is a 1% municipal sales tax in some cities.


Question: which constitutional amendment protects the individual against self incrimination

Answer: Amendment V

This is a document about Buried Bodies Case
  The Fifth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution protects defendants against self-incrimination.

This is a document about Privacy and the US government
  The Fifth Amendment protects against involuntary self-incrimination during trial. Often known as pleading the fifth, this right allows individuals the right to remain silent and maintain a sense of privacy when being interrogated by the state. This amendment provides security towards both "the sanctity of a man's home" and "the privacies of his/her life" by protecting the privacy of an individual's personal information.

This is a document about Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution
  The Fifth Amendment protects individuals from being forced to incriminate themselves. Incriminating oneself is defined as exposing oneself (or another person) to "an accusation or charge of crime," or as involving oneself (or another person) "in a criminal prosecution or the danger thereof." The privilege against compelled self-incrimination is defined as "the constitutional right of a person to refuse to answer questions or otherwise give testimony against himself". To "plead the Fifth" is to refuse to answer any question because "the implications of the question, in the setting in which it is asked" lead a claimant to possess a "reasonable cause to apprehend danger from a direct answer", believing that "a responsive answer to the question or an explanation of why it

This is a document about Malloy v. Hogan
  Is a state witness's Fifth Amendment guarantee against self-incrimination protected by the Fourteenth Amendment?

This is a document about Self-incrimination
  The Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution protects the accused from being forced to incriminate themselves in a crime. The Amendment reads: "No person ... shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself ..." Additionally, under the Miranda ruling, a person also has the right to remain silent while in police custody so as to not reveal any incriminating information. In order to invoke this constitutional right to remain silent, a person must explicitly and unambiguously tell officers that they are exercising this right to remain silent. Therefore, staying silent without a prior exclamation that you are exercising this constitutional right does not invoke the right. In Miranda

This is a document about United States Bill of Rights
  "No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation." The Fifth Amendment protects against double jeopardy and self-incrimination and guarantees the rights to due process, grand jury screening of criminal indictments, and compensation for the seizure of private property under eminent domain. The amendment was the basis for the court's decision in Miranda v. Arizona (1966), which established that defendants must be informed of their rights to an attorney and against self-incrimination prior to interrogation by police.

This is a document about Torture
  law prohibits the use of unwarranted force or coercion against any person who is subject to interrogation, detention, or arrest. The Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution includes protection against self-incrimination, which states that "[n]o person...shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself". This serves as the basis of the Miranda warning, which U.S. law enforcement personnel issue to individuals upon their arrest. Additionally, the U.S. Constitution's Eighth Amendment forbids the use of "cruel and unusual punishments," which is widely interpreted as prohibiting torture. Finally, 18 U.S.C. § 2340 et seq. define and forbid torture committed by U.S. nationals

This is a document about Law of evidence in South Africa
  One may not be made to say something that incriminates oneself. This is the natural consequence or corollary of the presumption of innocence, and it applies both to criminal and to civil cases. Sometimes, in civil cases, one might be in danger of saying something that could lead subsequently to one's criminal prosecution. Privilege protects one in such circumstances. The privilege against self-incrimination originates in the unpopularity of the harsh Star Chamber in England, which forced suspects to talk when interrogated under oath. This was abolished, as a result of growing opposition (since the politically powerful aristocracy were often victims of the Star Chamber), in 1641. The principle against self-incrimination became very important to English system thereafter. The United States Supreme Court, in the case of Miranda v Arizona, held that the constitutional foundation for the privilege is the respect that government must accord to the dignity and integrity of its citizens. This decision came after the accused had been asked and made to answer self-incriminating questions by the police. Now suspects in the US must be "mirandised."

This is a document about Berghuis v. Thompkins
  This particular view as the majority gave is not new. In the case of United States v. Johnson, 76 F. Supp. 538, 540 (D. Pa. 1947), the court ruled that, "The privilege against self-incrimination is neither accorded to the passive resistant, nor the person who is ignorant of his rights, nor to one indifferent thereto. It is a fighting clause. Its benefits can be retained only by sustained combat. It cannot be claimed by attorney or solicitor. It is valid only when insisted upon by a belligerent claimant in person. ... The one who is persuaded by honeyed words or moral suasion ... rather than make a last ditch stand, simply loses the protection."

This is a document about Chavez v. Martinez
  against a defendant at trial, but it is not until their use in a criminal case that a violation of the Self-Incrimination Clause occurs. Here, Martinez was never made to be a “witness” against himself in violation of the Fifth Amendment’s Self-Incrimination Clause because his statements were never admitted as testimony against him in a criminal case. Nor was he ever placed under oath and exposed to “`the cruel trilemma of self-accusation, perjury or contempt.'” The text of the Self-Incrimination Clause simply cannot support the Ninth Circuit’s view that the mere use of compulsive questioning, without more, violates the Constitution. Although our cases have permitted the Fifth Amendment’s self-incrimination privilege to be asserted in noncriminal cases, that does not alter our conclusion that a violation of the constitutional right against self-incrimination occurs only if one has been compelled to be a witness against himself in a criminal case.

This is a document about Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution
  The Fifth Amendment privilege against compulsory self-incrimination applies when an individual is called to testify in a legal proceeding. The Supreme Court ruled that the privilege applies whether the witness is in a federal court or, under the incorporation doctrine of the Fourteenth Amendment, in a state court, and whether the proceeding itself is criminal or civil. The right to remain silent was asserted at grand jury or congressional hearings in the 1950s, when witnesses testifying before the House Committee on Un-American Activities or the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee claimed the right in response to questions concerning their alleged membership in the Communist Party.

This is a document about Constitution of Utah
  Beginning with Hansen v. Owens, 619 P.2d 315 (Utah 1980), the Utah Supreme Court embarked upon a short-lived venture during which the court interpreted Article I, § 12 of the Utah Constitution as providing greater protection against self-incrimination than that which is provided by the Fifth Amendment. The Hansen decision was based upon the unique language of Article I, § 12, which speaks in terms being compelled "to give evidence against [one]self" rather than being compelled "to be a witness against [one]self." A mere five years later the court retreated from this position and in American Fork City v. Crosgrove, 701 P.2d 1069 (Utah 1985), overruled Hansen. This,

This is a document about Berghuis v. Thompkins
  The U.S. Constitution's Fifth Amendment gives an individual suspected of crime a right not to be forced, by police or other government officials, into giving up evidence that would show he or she was guilty of a crime. Based on this constitutional prohibition against self-incrimination and to prevent coerced testimony by police or other government officials, the Supreme Court ruled in Miranda v. Arizona that an individual who was being held by police and was not free to leave had to be told of his/her right to remain silent. After Berghuis, a subsequent case, Salinas v. Texas, considered a suspect who was

This is a document about Pro se legal representation in the United States
  The Supreme Court noted that "[i]n the federal courts, the right of self-representation has been protected by statute since the beginnings of our Nation. Section 35 of the Judiciary Act of 1789, 1 Stat. 73, 92, enacted by the First Congress and signed by President Washington one day before the Sixth Amendment was proposed, provided that 'in all the courts of the United States, the parties may plead and manage their own causes personally or by the assistance of counsel.'" In Faretta v. California, the Supreme Court of the United States held that criminal defendants have a constitutional right to refuse counsel and represent themselves in state criminal proceedings. That said, the right to represent oneself is not absolute. It is the Court's right and duty to determine if a particular individual is capable of representing himself, and can inquire into the individual's lucidity and mental status to make that determination.

This is a document about Uniform Code of Military Justice
  Under Article 31, coercive self-incrimination is prohibited as a right under the Fifth Amendment. Apprehending officers utilize the Article 31 warning and waiver to prevent this self-incrimination, much like the Miranda warning. Article 31 was already well-established before Miranda. Article 32 refers to the pre-trial investigation and hearing conducted before charges are referred to trial for court-martial. It may be conducted by a Judge Advocate General (JAG) officer or non-JAG officer.

This is a document about Oregon v. Elstad
  The issue presented was whether the self-incrimination clause of the 5th Amendment requires suppression of a confession made after Miranda warnings and a waiver, because police obtained an earlier admission without Miranda warnings. Justice O'Connor, writing for the majority, held that, while the pre-Miranda statements must be suppressed, the statements made after Miranda do not need to be suppressed as long as the statements were made knowingly and voluntarily.

This is a document about Right to silence
  Article 13 of the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan protects a person, when accused of an offence, from self-incrimination.

This is a document about List of landmark court decisions in the United States
 Berghuis v. Thompkins,  The right to remain silent does not exist unless a suspect invokes it unambiguously. ; Salinas v. Texas,  The Fifth Amendment's protection against self-incrimination does not protect an individual's refusal to answer questions asked by law enforcement before he or she has been arrested or given the Miranda warning. A witness cannot invoke the privilege by simply standing mute; he or she must expressly invoke it.

This is a document about Section 13 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
  Section 13 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is a section of the Charter which, along with section 11 (c), specifies rights regarding self-incrimination. It reads: Rights against self-incrimination had existed in Canadian law even before the Charter, but these applied to cases in which an individual might incriminate him or herself while giving testimony in another person's trial. Since the enactment of the Charter, the right has been extended in case law in regard to retrials, to exclude from one's retrial self-incriminating evidence if it had been obtained during cross examination in the last trial. This section serves a similar purpose as the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution, but does not provide witnesses the same opportunity to excuse themselves from testifying. In R. v. Nedelcu, 2012 SCC 59, a majority of the Supreme Court of Canada found that the prosecution in a criminal trial could use prior inconsistent testimony from a civil trial to impeach an accused person's credibility.

This is a document about Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution
  The self-incrimination clause provides various protections against self-incrimination, including the right of an individual to not serve as a witness in a criminal case in which they are the defendant. "Pleading the Fifth" is a colloquial term often used to invoke the self-incrimination clause when witnesses decline to answer questions where the answers might incriminate them. In the 1966 case of Miranda v. Arizona, the Supreme Court held that the self-incrimination clause requires the police to issue a Miranda warning to criminal suspects interrogated while under police custody. The Fifth Amendment also contains the Takings Clause, which allows the federal government to take private property for public use if the government provides "just compensation." Like the Fourteenth Amendment, the Fifth Amendment includes

The Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution protects individuals against self-incrimination.


Question: who plays as alvin in alvin and the chipmunks

Answer: Justin Long

This is a document about Alvin and the Chipmunks (film)
  Chevy Chase, Jim Carrey, Tim Allen, John Travolta, Ben Stiller, Vince Vaughn, and Bill Murray were originally considered for the role of David Seville. On March 7, 2007, Jason Lee joined the project to play David Seville, and Cameron Richardson signed on March 21. David was a more clean-cut character for Lee than his past roles, which he appreciated. Patton Oswalt and Brian Posehn were approached to play Ian Hawke but both of whom declined. Bagdasarian and his wife, Janice Karman, had always voiced the chipmunks since they revived the franchise; however, for the film, they were replaced by Justin Long, Matthew Gray Gubler and Jesse McCartney for marketing reasons. , despite the fact for the first trailer of the film, Bagdasarian and Karman voiced the chipmunks. For recording, the chipmunk voice actors spoke their lines slowly to be sped up to normal speed in post-production; McCartney described it as a "tedious process," where "it could take 40 takes for one line." He was such an Alvin and the Chipmunks fan that he even owned the album Chipmunk Punk (1980), and studied 1980s Alvin cartoons for his role in the film.

This is a document about List of Alvin and the Chipmunks characters
  Alvin Seville is the lead vocalist and the middle brother of the Chipmunks. He typically wears a sweater/hoodie with a yellow "A" and a red baseball cap. Alvin is portrayed as enthusiastic, mischievous, egotistical, and constantly seeking the spotlight. He often makes up crazy schemes to achieve goals, whether it be for benefiting others or getting out of difficult situations. He refers to them as "challenging the ordinary." His pride in his fame often comes off in vain, but Alvin loves his brothers very much, often proving that his heart speaks louder than his voice. Alvin is shown to have a crush on Brittany as the two often argue and compete against each other. Like his brothers, Alvin was originally voiced by Ross Bagdasarian Sr. In the animated series and film, he was voiced by Ross Bagdasarian Jr. Justin Long voiced Alvin in the live-action hybrid film series. On July 30, 2002, Alvin was No. 44 on TV Guide's list of "Top 50 Best Cartoon Characters of All Time". His personality was based on one of Ross Jr.'s brothers, Adam Bagdasarian, who had a rebellious streak.

This is a document about Alvin and the Chipmunks (film)
  Cross' appearance in Alvin and the Chipmunks was negatively received by fans of the comedian, The New York Observer reporting blog comments that called him a "smug, condescending asshole" and "a huge prick." On December 10, 2007, comedian Patton Oswalt published a writing on his MySpace blog titled "Godawful/Thank God," where he revealed he and Brian Posehn were approached for the part of Ian for Alvin and the Chipmunks; he made the following remark in the post: "We both threw the script across the room in disgust. David Cross caught it." All of this prompted Cross to publicly discuss his involvement with the film on his website The Bob and Davider on December

This is a document about Justin Long
  Long's film credits include Idiocracy, Waiting..., Jeepers Creepers, DodgeBall: A True Underdog Story, The Break-Up, Crossroads, Galaxy Quest, Dreamland and Live Free or Die Hard. He was also a regular on the NBC TV series Ed (2000–04), playing socially awkward Warren P. Cheswick. He was offered the opportunity to replace Steve Burns on Blue's Clues after he left the show, but ultimately declined. He was the voice of the character Alvin in Alvin and the Chipmunks, Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel, Alvin and the Chipmunks: Chipwrecked, and Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Road Chip. He also played the main character in the comedy film Accepted (2006). Long made a guest appearance in the documentary, Wild West Comedy Show (2006). In 2007, he co-starred

This is a document about Alvin and the Chipmunks: Chipwrecked
  Alvin and the Chipmunks: Chipwrecked is a video game based on the film. It was released for the Wii, Nintendo DS, and Xbox 360 on November 15, 2011 in North America and on November 25, 2011 in Europe. Like the previous "Alvin & The Chipmunks" and "Squeakquel" video game adaptations, Ross Bagdasarian Jr. and Janice Karman reprised their respective roles. Jason Lee and David Cross reprise their roles as well. The game follows the plot of the movie. The Chipmunks and Chipettes get washed up on an island. It's up to the player to play as the Chipmunks, Chipettes, Dave, or Ian to get back to the city.

This is a document about David Seville
  in all official animated and recorded incarnations of David Seville since taking over for his father in the 1970s, including TV series, animated specials, and direct-to-video productions. He most recently voiced the character in the 2015 reboot of the Alvin and the Chipmunks television show. Actor Jason Lee also portrays David Seville in a live action/CGI films starring Alvin and the Chipmunks which uses a combination of live-action acting and computer animation. While Ross Bagdasarian Jr. does not do any voices for the film series, the films are all produced in association with Bagdasarian Productions, which owns the rights to all of the characters.

This is a document about Matthew Gray Gubler
  After he began modeling, Gubler had an internship with Wes Anderson, who encouraged him to audition for a part in his movie The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou. Gubler did, and landed the role of Nico (a.k.a. Intern #1). This led, in 2005, to Gubler's leading role as Dr. Spencer Reid in Criminal Minds. Gubler had a small role in the film RV (2006) as the disreputable Joe Joe. He voiced Simon the chipmunk in Alvin and the Chipmunks (2007), Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel (2009), Alvin and the Chipmunks: Chipwrecked (2011), and Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Road Chip (2015) alongside Jason Lee (Dave), Justin Long (Alvin), and Jesse McCartney (Theodore). He appeared as Bart, the main

This is a document about Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel
  Originally Dave Seville was written to have a larger role in Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel, however the role was reduced due to Jason Lee’s filming schedule with the fourth and final season of My Name Is Earl around the time this was being filmed in 2008, so most of his scenes were rewritten and Lee's role being replaced with Zachary Levi’s character Toby Seville.

This is a document about Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel
  Shortly after the film's release on DVD and Blu-ray, Fox and Regency had announced that Alvin and the Chipmunks 3D was scheduled to be released on December 16, 2011. The title was then changed to Alvin and the Chipmunks: Chipwrecked. On January 22, 2011, Fox 2000 Pictures started production on the film during a Caribbean cruise on the Carnival Dream ship. Filming took place primarily on the ship's upper, open decks with scenes featuring actor Jason Lee (reprising his role as David Seville) and the antics of The Chipmunks in the Carnival Dream's outdoor recreation areas. Stops on the itinerary included Cozumel, Roatan, Belize and Costa Maya (which provided tropical backdrops for many of the film's shipboard scenes). A fourth film, Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Road Chip, was released on December 18, 2015.

This is a document about Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Road Chip
  Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Road Chip is a 2015 American live action/computer animated family musical comedy film directed by Walt Becker and written by Randi Mayem Singer and Adam Sztykiel. It is the fourth and final installment in the Alvin and the Chipmunks live-action film series and film's main cast features Jason Lee, Tony Hale, Kimberly Williams-Paisley, Josh Green, and Bella Thorne. Justin Long, Matthew Gray Gubler, Jesse McCartney all reprise their roles as the Chipmunks, while Kaley Cuoco, Anna Faris and Christina Applegate play the Chipettes. Cuoco replaced Amy Poehler as the role of Eleanor in the film. The film centers on the Chipmunks (Alvin, Simon, and Theodore) as they head to Miami after believing that Dave will propose to his girlfriend Samantha, who has a son who bullies the Chipmunks. Along the way they end up in unfortunate circumstances such as being put on the No Fly List. The film was released on December 18, 2015, by 20th Century Fox. The film grossed $234 million worldwide against a $90 million budget and received generally negative reviews from critics, although it was considered a slight improvement over its predecessor.

This is a document about The Wolf Man (franchise)
  Callaham was brought on board to re-write the script. In October 2021, Deadline reported that Derek Cianfrance will direct the reboot. In this animated adventure, chipmunk Alvin (Ross Bagdasarian Jr.) has werewolves on his mind. After being haunted by a creepy nightmare, he is convinced that his eerie next-door neighbor, Mr. Talbot (Maurice LaMarche), has a monstrous secret. As he and his brother Simon (also Bagdasarian) investigate, shy sibling Theodore (Janice Karman), who has been reluctantly cast in the school's production of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, finds his inner monster after being attacked by a strange dog. Dr.

This is a document about The Alvin Show (album)
 Alvin: Guitars and vocals ; Simon: Bass and vocals ; Theodore: Drums and vocals Ross Bagdasarian Sr. provided the voices for the Chipmunks and David Seville.

This is a document about Alvin and the Chipmunks
  On September 17, 2004, Fox 2000 Pictures, 20th Century Fox Animation, and Bagdasarian Productions announced a live-action hybrid film starring Alvin and the Chipmunks. Tim Hill directed the 2007 CGI/live-action film adaptation, with Justin Long, Matthew Gray Gubler, and Jesse McCartney providing the voices, along with its 2009, 2011, and 2015 sequels. Bagdasarian Jr. and Karman continue to perform the singing voices for Alvin, Theodore, and the Chipettes, but Steve Vining did Simon's singing voice. The projects have earned five Grammy awards, an American Music Award, a Golden Reel Award, three Kids' Choice Awards, and Emmy nominations.

This is a document about Reach for Me
 Seymour Cassel as Alvin ; Johnny Whitworth as Kevin ; Lacey Chabert as Sarah ; Adrienne Barbeau as Valerie ; Charlene Blaine-Schulenburg as Nell ; Larry Hankin as Elliot ; LeVar Burton as Nathanial ; Alfre Woodard as Evelyn

This is a document about Alvin and the Chipmunks (film)
  A sequel, titled Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel, was released on December 23, 2009. Zachary Levi joined the cast to replace Jason Lee due to his small role and because of his role on My Name Is Earl; the main cast members reprised their roles for the sequel and the film also re-introduced the Chipettes. A third film, titled Alvin and the Chipmunks: Chipwrecked, was released on December 16, 2011. A fourth film, titled Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Road Chip, was released on December 18, 2015.

This is a document about Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel
  Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel is a 2009 American live-action/computer animated musical-family-comedy film directed by Betty Thomas. It is the second installment in the Alvin and the Chipmunks live-action film series and sequel to the original 2007 film. The film stars Zachary Levi, David Cross and Jason Lee. Justin Long, Matthew Gray Gubler and Jesse McCartney return as the Chipmunks from the previous film, and Amy Poehler, Anna Faris and Christina Applegate play the new characters, the Chipettes. The film was written by Jon Vitti, Jonathan Aibel and Glenn Berger, distributed by 20th Century Fox, and produced by Fox 2000 Pictures, Regency Enterprises and Bagdasarian Company. It was released in theaters on December 23, 2009 by 20th Century Fox to mixed reviews from Metacritic, but still generally negative reviews from critics, grossing $443.1 million on a $70 million budget. Two sequels were later released: Chipwrecked in 2011 and The Road Chip in 2015.

This is a document about Alvin and the Chipmunks (video game)
  Alvin and the Chipmunks is a 2007 video game based on the film of the same name. It follows The Chipmunks as they play their way from small venues (such as a high school prom or a civic center) to massive crowds at Burning Munk and ultimately Rockathonapalooza. The soundtrack features 40 songs, including "All the Small Things" by Blink-182, "It's Tricky" by Run-D.M.C., and "Heartbreak Hotel" by Elvis Presley. The gameplay itself is similar to other rhythm games such as Rock Band and Guitar Hero. Jason Lee reprised his role as David Seville in the story cutscenes while Ross Bagdasarian, Jr. and Janice Karman reprise their roles from the 1980s-2000s cartoons. A second installment, Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel, was released on December 1, 2009 to coincide with the release of the film of the same name.

This is a document about Alvin and the Chipmunks (1983 TV series)
 Ross Bagdasarian, Jr. – Alvin Seville, Simon Seville, Dave Seville, Grandpa Seville (second voice), most additional male voices (1988–1991) ; Janice Karman – Theodore Seville, Brittany Miller, Jeanette Miller, and Eleanor Miller, most additional female voices (1988–1991) ; Dody Goodman – Beatrice Miller ; Thomas H. Watkins – Uncle "Adventure" Willy, Lilly the dog (1988–1991) ; Rainy Hayes – Chipette Song vocal artist ; Sherwood Ball – Chipmunk Song vocal artist ; Vanessa Bagdasarian ; Michael Bagdasarian ; Derek Barton ; Natalie Brown

This is a document about A Very Merry Chipmunk
  Ross Bagdasarian — Chipmunk vocals and all instruments ; Production crew ; Dr. Walter J. Turnbull — choir director ; M. Roger Holland — vocal arrangement ; Darren "Nitro" Clowers — co-producer ; Bob Friedrich — recording engineer ; Mark Agostino — recording engineer ; Coney Abrams — mixing engineer ; 1) "A Comes Before B" (Janice Karman)  – 2:13 ; Musicians and vocalists ; Jai Winding — keyboards ; Ross Bagdasarian — Alvin (speaking voice) ; Andrew Gold — Alvin (singing voice) ; Production crew ; Guy DeFazio — engineer ; 1) "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" (with Gene Autry) (Johnny Marks)  – 2:44

This is a document about Alvin and the Chipmunks (film)
  Alvin and the Chipmunks is a 2007 American live-action/computer animated musical comedy film directed by Tim Hill. Based on the characters of the same name created by Ross Bagdasarian Sr., the film stars Jason Lee, David Cross and Cameron Richardson, while Justin Long, Matthew Gray Gubler and Jesse McCartney play the self-titled Chipmunks. 20th Century Fox released it worldwide on December 14, and it was produced by Fox 2000 Pictures and Regency Enterprises. It received generally negative reviews from critics. The Rotten Tomatoes consensus criticizes the film's humor and "rehashed kids' movie formula". Alvin and the Chipmunks grossed $361 million worldwide on a budget of $60 million and was the seventh-best-selling DVD of 2008. Alvin and the Chipmunks is the first live-action/animated film starring Alvin and the Chipmunks since Little Alvin and the Mini-Munks was released in 2003, as that film features puppetry used for the Chipmunks and this film features computer animation used for them. The film was followed by three sequels: Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel (2009), Alvin and the Chipmunks: Chipwrecked (2011), and Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Road Chip (2015).

Justin Long plays Alvin in the live-action film series "Alvin and the Chipmunks." In the animated series, David Seville voices Alvin.