Question: when did just the way you are come out

Answer: 2010

This is a document about Alexa Ray Joel
 1) "Just the Way You Are" – 4:13 (September 16, 2013) (single)

This is a document about Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song)
  "Just The Way You Are" was released as the lead single from Doo-Wops & Hooligans. Elektra Records serviced the song to download in the United States on July 20, 2010. It was released in the United States to contemporary hit radio on August 10, 2010 ,by Elektra and Atlantic Records. On September 27, 2010, the song was released for digital download, under the name, Just the Way You Are (Amazing). On November 2, seven remixes were released as a purchasable download in US. It was released as a CD single in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, on November 12. It contains

This is a document about Doo-Wops & Hooligans
  "Just the Way You Are" was released digitally as the album's lead single in various countries on July 20, 2010. The song was critically acclaimed, with reviewers praising its piano balladry and romantic lyrics. It topped the charts in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, and reached the top ten in several other countries. "Just the Way You Are" received a Grammy Award in the Best Male Pop Vocal Performance category at the 53rd Annual Grammy Awards. "Grenade", the album's second single, had been premiered as its second (and last) promotional single on September 28, 2010, before its stand-alone release in October 2010. It was also well received by critics, most of

This is a document about Just the Way You Are (Billy Joel song)
  "Just the Way You Are" is a song by Billy Joel from his fifth studio album The Stranger (1977). It was released in September 1977 as the album's lead single. It became both Joel's first US Top 10 and UK Top 20 single (reaching #3 and #19 respectively), as well as Joel's first gold single in the US. The song also topped the Billboard Easy Listening Chart for the entire month of January 1978. "Just the Way You Are" garnered two Grammy Awards for Record of the Year and Song of the Year in 1979.

This is a document about Bruno Mars
   On July 20, 2010, Mars released "Just the Way You Are" as the lead single from his debut studio album, Doo-Wops & Hooligans (2010), an album produced mainly by the Smeezingtons. The song topped the charts in various countries, including Australia, Canada and the U.S.  The album, released on October 5, 2010, debuted at number three on the Billboard 200 and number one in the UK. It also charted at number one in the Netherlands and Canada. Doo-Wops & Hooligans has since sold 15.5 million copies worldwide. It spawned two other international singles, "Grenade", which topped the Billboard Hot 100, New Zealand, the UK, as well as multiple other charts, and "The Lazy Song", which peaked at number four

This is a document about Just the Way You Are (Billy Joel song)
  publicly stated that he disliked playing the song live in the wake of his divorce from his first wife. He noted that during performances of the song around the time of his first divorce, his drummer Liberty DeVitto would jokingly parody the lyrics in the chorus as "She got the house. She got the car." When "Just the Way You Are" was released as a single, it was shortened by over a minute. The differences are the removal of the second verse and an earlier fade. A live performance of the song was also used as a music video. On February 18, 1978, the song peaked at #3, and Joel performed a shorter version of the song as the musical

This is a document about Tasha Holiday
 Just the Way You Like It (1997)

This is a document about Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song)
  "Just the Way You Are" is the debut solo single by American singer-songwriter Bruno Mars. It is the lead single from his debut studio album, Doo-Wops & Hooligans (2010). The song was written by Mars, Philip Lawrence, Ari Levine, Khalil Walton and Needlz and produced by the former three, under their alias, the Smeezingtons along with Needlz. It was released in the United States to contemporary hit radio on August 10, 2010. The track was released in the United Kingdom on September 19, 2010, as "Just the Way You Are (Amazing)". The song's lyrics compliment a woman's beauty. The debut single received mixed

This is a document about Enrique Gil
  Maria Agnes Calay, played by Liza Soberano. In 2015, it was announced that instead of using the original title of the novel, The Bet, for its film adaptation, it was renamed as Just The Way You Are. This was because its namesake song, "Just The Way You Are" by Bruno Mars, follows the story of the novel. It was released on June 17, 2015. In October 2015, after their hit film Just The Way You Are, Gil and Liza Soberano starred in the romantic film, Everyday I Love You, this time with actor Gerald Anderson. In the film, Gil plays Ethan, who falls in love with Bacolod lass Audrey (Soberano), who is in a relationship with Tristan (Anderson).

This is a document about Just the Way You Are (Milky song)
  "Just the Way You Are" is a song by Italian house group Milky. Although it did not chart in the band's home country, it was a top-10 hit in the United Kingdom, reaching number eight on the UK Singles Chart, and charted within the top 30 in Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and Romania. In the United States, the single was the first song to make its official debut at number one on the Billboard Hot Dance Airplay chart on the 17 October 2003 issue, even though it reached number one on the 28 September issue, when it was an unpublished chart.

This is a document about Just the Way You Are (Billy Joel song)
 1) "Just the Way You Are" – 3:27 ; 2) "Get It Right the First Time" – 3:54 7" U.S. and UK single (1977)

This is a document about List of Billboard Easy Listening number ones of 1978
   Adult Contemporary is a chart published by Billboard ranking the top-performing songs in the United States in the adult contemporary music (AC) market. In 1978, 17 songs topped the chart, then published under the title Easy Listening, based on playlists submitted by radio stations. In the first issue of Billboard of the year, Billy Joel reached number one with "Just the Way You Are", replacing "How Deep Is Your Love" by the Bee Gees in the top spot. Joel had launched his solo career in 1971 and achieved a number of minor hits over the next six years, but his breakthrough to stardom did not come until the release of the album The Stranger in the fall of 1977. Taken from the album, "Just the Way You Are" won two Grammy Awards, and

This is a document about Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song)
  from music critics, who praised the Smeezingtons' production but dubbed its lyrics as sappy and corny. It won Best Male Pop Vocal Performance at the 53rd Annual Grammy Awards. The song peaked at number one on the US Billboard Hot 100, Australia, Canada, New Zealand and in the United Kingdom charts and peaked in the top five in other countries. It was certified thirteen times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), seven times platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) and diamond by Music Canada (MC). "Just the Way You Are" was the best-selling digital single of 2011, selling

This is a document about Grenade (song)
  release in October 2010. On October 21, 2010, in an interview with Digital Spy, Mars revealed the intention to follow the hit single "Just the Way You Are" with "Grenade". According to Billboard, the song was sent to American contemporary hit radio and rhythmic contemporary stations in October 2010 by Elektra. Later, on January 10, 2011, the track on was released via digital download in the United Kingdom. On February 4, 2011, it was released a CD single, which included a Carl Louis & Martin Danielle Classic Mix of "Just the Way You Are" and the single "Grenade". An EP with different versions of Grenade, including the music video for the song was released on May 8, 2011, on iTunes.

This is a document about The Stranger (song)
 1) "The Stranger" ; 2) "Just the Way You Are"

This is a document about Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song)
  than 12.5 million copies, thus joining an elite group of best-selling singles worldwide. The music video, directed by Ethan Lader, was released on September 8, 2010, and features Peruvian born Australian actress Nathalie Kelley. Mars performed "Just The Way You Are" at Saturday Night Live and at The Ellen DeGeneres Show. He has sang "Just the Way You Are" on all his tours since 2010, usually as an encore, and included it during his performance at the Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show. The song has been covered by various recording artists and it inspired Meghan Trainor's debut single "All About That Bass" (2014).

This is a document about Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song)
  at number 33 and stayed on the chart for 28 weeks. "Just The Way You Are" also peaked at number three in Switzerland, at number one in the Republic of Ireland, at number four in Belgium (Flanders), and at number 2 in Germany and Sweden. It reached number six at Denmark. "Just the Way You Are" was the best selling digital single of 2011, selling more than 12.5 million copies globally throughout that year, thus becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time. The song is also one of the UK's biggest selling singles of all-time placed at number 74 with sales around 1.17 million.

This is a document about Just the Way You Are (Bruno Mars song)
  platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI). On October 12, 2010, Bruno Mars got his third number one single in the Dutch Top 40, after "Nothin' On You" (2009) and "Billionaire" (2010), having spent 11 weeks at number one in Netherlands. The song also reached number one in Australia and certified seven times platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). The single debuted at number 31 in New Zealand on August 2, 2010. The song was number 1 for two weeks. The single was on the chart for 32 weeks. "Just the Way You Are" was less successful on the French Singles Chart, where it

This is a document about Engelbert Humperdinck (singer)
  May 2017, and entered the UK album charts at No 5, indicating the singer's enduring popularity in his home country. The album was released in North America in June 2017. The Man I Want To Be was released in late 2017. While composed largely of newly written material, the album included two notable covers: "Photograph" (Ed Sheeran), and "Just the Way You Are" (Bruno Mars). In 2018, the singer came out with a newly recorded Christmas album, Warmest Christmas Wishes. In May 2019, Humperdinck premiered a new song, "You," a self-described ode to motherhood written for him by British songwriters Jon Allen and Jake Fields. As a birthday gift to

This is a document about Pierce the Veil
  the second leg of Escape the Fate's headlining tour "The Dead Masquerade". After taking the summer off to spend some more time on writing new material, the band was supposed to head out on their first ever South American Tour supporting Sum 41 in September; however, due to illness of Sum 41's frontman, the tour was cancelled. They finished up the year touring Europe with blessthefall and co-headlined the No Guts No Glory Tour with Miss May I afterwards. They once again contributed to a "Punk Goes..." album, Punk Goes Pop 4, covering the song "Just the Way You Are" by Bruno Mars, which was released on November 21, 2011.

The song "Just the Way You Are" by Bruno Mars was released as a single on July 10, 2010.


Question: where did they start digging the erie canal

Answer: Rome , New York

This is a document about Lockport (city), New York
   The New York State Legislature authorized the Erie Canal's construction in April 1816. The route proposed by surveyors was to traverse an area in central Niagara County, New York, which was then "uncivilized" and free of White settlers. At the time, the nearest settlers were in nearby Cold Springs, New York. Following the announcement, land speculators began to buy large plots along and near the proposed route of the canal. By December 1820, when the exact location of the step locks had been determined, the area that would become Lockport was owned by only fifteen men, many of whom were Quakers. The canal reached

This is a document about St. Mary's on the Flats
  1826 by Catholic immigrant laborers, mostly Irish and a small number of German and Dutch; many of them worked digging the Ohio and Erie Canal which, by 1827, connected Lake Erie to Akron. The parish met in the Masonic Hall, Shakespeare Hall, and Mechanics Hall. That same year, 1826, Erie Street Cemetery opened and all bodies, including early Catholics, were removed from Cleveland's original burial ground, at the intersection of Ontario Ave. and Prospect Ave., to the new location. The West Side Cemetery, now known as Monroe Street Cemetery, had its first burial in 1818. There was no Catholic cemetery.

This is a document about John B. Jervis
  John Bloomfield Jervis was born in 1795 at Huntington, New York, on Long Island, the son of Timothy Jervis, a carpenter, and Phoebe Bloomfield, the eldest of seven children. Jervis moved with his family to Fort Stanwix (later known as Rome) in upstate New York in 1798 when his father purchased a farm and ran a lumber business. In October 1817 at the age of 22, Jervis was hired by Chief Engineer Benjamin Wright of the Erie Canal as an axeman in a survey party to locate the canal west of Rome, New York. The role of the axemen was to clear away brush and trees along a "trace" four feet wide.(Ibid.) In the spring of 1818,

This is a document about Chesapeake and Ohio Canal
  The Erie Canal, built between 1817 and 1825, threatened traders south of New York City, who began to seek their own transportation infrastructure to link the burgeoning areas west of the Appalachian Mountains to mid-Atlantic markets and ports. As early as 1820, plans were being laid for a canal to link the Ohio River and Chesapeake Bay. In early March 1825, President James Monroe signed the bill chartering the construction of the C&O Canal as one of the last acts of his presidency. The plan was to build it in two sections, the eastern section from the tidewater of Washington, D.C., to Cumberland, Maryland; and the western section over the Allegheny Mountains to the Ohio River or one of its tributaries. Free from

This is a document about Canalside
  Originally built in Buffalo, New York in 1825 as the "portal to the west," the Erie Canal Harbor served as the terminus for the passage of goods and passengers from the East Coast across the Great Lakes for much of the 19th century. More importantly for Buffalo, the commercial activity fueled by the harbor helped transform the city into a thriving metropolis. Buffalo's notorious Canal Street was a short distance from the canal terminus. The area had been the site of the original Village of Buffalo, near a Seneca Indian village on Buffalo Creek. The city eventually expanded outward from the waterfront location. The Canal, completed in 1825, opened up

This is a document about Erie Canal
  the Niagara escarpment at Lockport, maneuvered it onto a towering embankment to cross over Irondequoit Creek, spanned the Genesee River on an awesome aqueduct, and carved a route for it out of the solid rock between Little Falls and Schenectady—and all of those venturesome designs worked precisely as planned". Construction began on July 4, 1817, at Rome, New York. The first 15 mi, from Rome to Utica, opened in 1819. At that rate, the canal would not be finished for 30 years. The main delays were caused by felling trees to clear a path through virgin forest and moving excavated soil, which took

This is a document about Erie Canal
  The Erie Canal is a canal that traverses east–west through upstate New York, eastern United States, as part of the cross-state route of the New York State Canal System (formerly known as the New York State Barge Canal). It was built to create a navigable water route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes Basin, originally stretching for 363 mi from the Hudson River at Albany to Lake Erie in Buffalo. Completed in 1825, it was the second-longest canal in the world (after the Grand Canal in China) and greatly enhanced the development and economy of many major cities

This is a document about Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal
  In Warren, Ohio, at a convention held on November 13, 1833, 109 delegates decided to privately fund the Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal as neither state felt it should spend money on a canal that led to another state. Construction began on September 17, 1835, when the two engineers of the canal struck iron stakes in the ground at the center of what was known as the "Portage Summit" between what is now Kent, Ohio, and Ravenna. Workers manually dug the 82 mi of the P & O using picks, shovels, and wheelbarrows. It ran from New Castle, Pennsylvania, to Akron, Ohio, meeting the Ohio and Erie Canal in downtown Akron. It ran along old Native American trails and the Cuyahoga and Mahoning Rivers. In Northeast Ohio, Lake Pippen and Brady Lake were water sources for the canal. Large celebrations occurred along the canal's route when it officially opened on August 4, 1840.

This is a document about Patowmack Canal
  The Erie Canal opened in 1825, and immediately became a rival, controlling a connection between the Great Lakes and the Eastern Seaboard. The Patowmack Company folded in 1828, turning over its assets and liabilities to the newly formed C&O Canal Company. The new company abandoned the Patowmack Canal (except for the section at Little Falls) in 1830 for an even more ambitious undertaking: a man-made waterway stretching from Georgetown to Pittsburgh. Although the Patowmack Company was a financial failure, its builders pioneered lock engineering and stimulated a wave of canal construction important to the country's development. Groundbreaking for the C&O Canal took place close to Lock

This is a document about Canal Ring (New York)
  The Erie Canal was first proposed in the 1780s, then re-proposed in 1807. A survey was authorized, funded, and executed in 1808. Proponents of the project gradually wore down opponents; its construction began in 1817, and opened on October 26, 1825. In a time when bulk goods were limited to pack animals (a 250 lb maximum ), and there were no railways, water was the most cost-effective way to ship bulk goods. It was the first transportation system between the Eastern Seaboard and the western interior of the United States that did not require portage. It was faster than carts pulled by draft animals and cut transport

This is a document about Albany, New York
  going to Buffalo and the Michigan Territory in the early- and mid-19th century.  In 1807, Robert Fulton initiated a steamboat line from New York to Albany, the first successful enterprise of its kind anywhere in the world. By 1810, with 10,763 people, Albany was the 10th-largest urban place in the nation. The town and village north of Albany known as "the Colonie" was annexed in 1815. In 1825 the Erie Canal was completed, forming a continuous water route from the Great Lakes to New York City. Unlike the current Barge Canal, which ends at nearby Waterford, the original Erie Canal ended at Albany; Lock

This is a document about Upstate New York
  being built in Britain, leading citizens of New York began to press for the construction of a canal across the state. Governor DeWitt Clinton prevailed upon the legislature to charter and fund construction of a canal from Albany to Buffalo. Construction of the Erie Canal began in 1817 and was completed in 1825. The canal allowed the area to become an important component of the 19th century industrial expansion in the United States. The canal also promoted trade with British North America and settlement of newer states in western territories. Later in the century the New York Central Railroad followed the "water-level

This is a document about Rome, New York
  The critical east/west American trade route through the frontier was improved by construction of the Erie Canal. On July 4, 1817, construction on the canal began in Rome. The Erie Canal reaches a summit in Rome, attaining an elevation of 420 feet. The first phase was completed in 1825, connecting the Hudson River by waterway to the Great Lakes. It resulted in an increase in trade and traffic between communities around the Great Lakes and New York City, stimulating development all along the route.

This is a document about Pennsylvania Canal (Delaware Division)
  The Pennsylvania Canal system was spurred by the early success of the Erie Canal in New York State, which had opened in 1825. Construction on the Delaware Canal started in 1829, accomplished entirely with hand tools using primarily imported labor from Ireland. The canal runs down a channel dug parallel to the Delaware River from Easton to Bristol, Pennsylvania; its line of travel is generally within sight of the river. Originally 60 mi in length, the canal is approximately 60 ft wide with a depth of about 3 ft. After the original construction failed in 1830, it had to be re-engineered by Josiah White of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company, who had offered to

This is a document about Blackhand Gorge State Nature Preserve
  On July 4, 1825 Governors Clinton of New York and Morrow of Ohio threw the first shovels-full of dirt at the Licking Summit near Newark, Ohio on the Ohio and Erie Canal project. Due to lack of transportation, Ohio farmers were essentially unable to sell their goods at any price, and Ohio was mired in a cash-poor depression. The canal would connect farmers to Lake Erie and the Ohio River. The specifications for the canal required a width of 40 ft at the top and 26 ft at the bottom. The depth was to never be less than 4 ft. From the Licking Summit the canal proceeded east along the north side of the Licking River, crossed Rocky Fork Creek on an

This is a document about Erie Canal
  opposition, and the project was ridiculed as "Clinton's folly" and "Clinton's ditch". In 1817, though, Clinton received approval from the legislature for $7 million for construction. The original canal was 363 mi long, from Albany on the Hudson to Buffalo on Lake Erie. The channel was cut 40 ft wide and 4 ft deep, with removed soil piled on the downhill side to form a walkway known as a towpath. Its construction, through limestone and mountains, proved a daunting task. In 1823 construction reached the Niagara Escarpment, necessitating the building of five locks along a 3 mi corridor to carry the canal over the

This is a document about History of the Hudson River
  York, a significant seaport during that time period as it is today. Construction of the canal began in 1817 and finished in 1825. Originally called "Clinton's Ditch", after NY Governor DeWitt Clinton, the canal proved to be a success, returning revenues of over $121 million after an initial construction cost of only $7 million. After the canal was built, freight could travel from many frontier cities, such as Pittsburgh, Chicago, and Cleveland, to Lake Erie, then to Buffalo and the entrance to the canal, through the canal to the Hudson River, and then south to New York City. The completion of the canal enhanced the development of the American West, allowing settlers to travel west, then send goods back

This is a document about Jordan, New York
  When the Erie Canal first began construction on July 4, 1817, it started in Rome. Lock 51 in Jordan was built circa 1818 to 1824; the canal opened in October 1825. The Erie Canal was active until 1918, when it was closed.

This is a document about Montezuma National Wildlife Refuge
  the marsh until the development of the Erie Canal in the 19th century, when it became apparent that feeder canals from Seneca Lake and Cayuga Lake would in time link these lakes with the main line. With canal construction, there arose the possibility of draining the marshes, and an act was passed relative to the draining of the Cayuga Marshes. Work first began on the canal system on July 4, 1817, and the completion was marked by the first passage from Lake Erie to New York City on October 26, 1825. Construction of the Seneca-Cayuga canal began in 1818 and by 1828 boats passed from Geneva

This is a document about History of New York City (1784–1854)
  helped it jump to the top of American cities. Of greatest importance, it sponsored the Erie Canal which began operations in 1825, forming a continuous water route from New York north to Albany via the Hudson River, then west to Buffalo using the new canal to reach the Great Lakes. It opened a large new market in upstate New York and the Old Northwest. New York set up an auction system that efficiently and rapidly sold imported cargoes to the highest bidder. Exporters from Britain discovered New York offered the best prices for their goods, and they increasingly ignored Boston and Philadelphia,

The Erie Canal was started being dug in April 1826, specifically in the area where the city of Buffalo, New York, is located. The first survey team, led by John Bloomfield Jervis, began clearing a path for the canal in the spring of 1826.


Question: who plays the plastic santa claus in santa clause 2

Answer: Tim Allen

This is a document about The Santa Clause 2
  The Santa Clause 2 is a 2002 American Christmas comedy film directed by Michael Lembeck in his directorial debut. It is a sequel to The Santa Clause (1994) and the second installment in the Santa Clause film series. All of the principal actors from the first film, including Tim Allen, Eric Lloyd, Judge Reinhold, Wendy Crewson, and David Krumholtz, reprise their roles, and are joined by Elizabeth Mitchell and Spencer Breslin. Released on November 1, 2002, the film received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $172 million worldwide on a $65 million budget. It was followed by another sequel, The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause, released in 2006.

This is a document about Santa Claus in film
  video game spinoffs by Corey Burton. In 2002's The Santa Clause 2:The Mrs. Clause, Scott Calvin (Tim Allen) must leave the North Pole to find a wife, so his number one elf turns a plastic toy Santa into a life-size robot clone of Calvin to cover for him. The robo-Santa interprets the rules of Christmas literally, convinces himself that all of the world's children are naughty, and dresses and runs the North Pole like a Latin American dictator, constructing an army of giant toy soldiers. When Calvin returns with his wife, he must defeat his clone to regain control of Christmas. In 2006's The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause, Martin

This is a document about Miracle on 34th Street (1994 film)
 Richard Attenborough as Kris Kringle, said to be the real Santa Claus. He reluctantly takes on the duty as Cole's Santa Claus after Tony Falacchi is fired. ; Elizabeth Perkins as Dorey Walker, Susan's mother. She is the director of special events for Cole's, and Bryan Bedford's girlfriend. ; Mara Wilson as Susan Walker, Dorey's 6-year-old daughter. ; Dylan McDermott as Bryan Bedford, a lawyer who's Dorey's boyfriend and neighbor. ; J. T. Walsh as Ed Collins, a lawyer ; Simon Jones as Donald Shellhammer, the general manager of Coles, known for his departing phrase "Chin-Chin". ; James Remar as Jack Duff, a minion under the greedy Victor Landberg. ; Jane Leeves

This is a document about The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause
  The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause is a 2006 American Christmas comedy film directed by Michael Lembeck. It is the third and final film in the Santa Clause film series following The Santa Clause and The Santa Clause 2. The film stars Tim Allen returning as Scott Calvin/Santa Claus and Martin Short as Jack Frost. Allen and Short had previously worked together in the 1997 Disney comedy feature film, Jungle 2 Jungle. Most of the supporting actors from the first two films reprise their roles, with the exception of David Krumholtz, who played Bernard the Arch-elf. As a result of his absence, Curtis (played by Spencer Breslin), who was previously

This is a document about The Christmas Chronicles 2
 Kurt Russell as Santa Claus / Saint "Nick" Nicholas, a magical figure who brings presents for people on Christmas night, when they are asleep. ; Goldie Hawn as Mrs Claus, the wife of Santa Claus. ; Darby Camp as Kate Pierce, a girl who previously helped Santa Claus in the last movie. ; Kimberly Williams-Paisley as Claire Pierce, a widowed nurse who is the mother of Kate and Teddy. ; Jahzir Bruno as Jack Booker, the son of Bob Booker. ; Julian Dennison as Belsnickel, an elf adopted by Santa Claus who goes rogue and ended up human. Dennison also voices his elf form. ; Tyrese Gibson as Bob Booker, Claire's new boyfriend. ; Judah Lewis as Teddy Pierce, the brother of Kate who no longer engages in malicious activities. ; Sunny Suljic as young Doug Pierce, the younger version of Kate and Teddy's late father who Kate encounters in 1990. ; Darlene Love as Grace, a Boston airport worker in 1990. ; Patrick Gallagher as a Mass State Police Trooper in 1990 who detains Kate.

This is a document about Santa Claus in film
  One genre of movies suggests that Santa Claus is not historically a single individual but a succession of individuals. In Ernest Saves Christmas (1988), Ernest P. Worrell (Jim Varney) joins the challenge of Santa Claus, alias Seth Applegate (Douglas Seale), to convince Florida kids' show host Joe Carruthers (Oliver Clark) to become the next Santa. In The Santa Clause (1994), Tim Allen plays Scott Calvin, who accidentally causes Santa Claus to fall off the roof of his house. After he puts on Santa's suit, he finds himself contractually obligated to become the next Santa. Reluctant at first, his appearance changes over the next year from average to the legendary image: he grows fat, his hair whitens, and his beard grows uncontrollably by magic. He ultimately falls in love with his new role. A 2001 television special, Call

This is a document about Saving Christmas (2017 film)
 Edward Asner as Rick, head of the Norpole Toy Company ; Brooke Langton as Elizabeth, Danny's mother ; Patrick Muldoon as Sammy, marketing director at the Norpole Toy Company ; Jack Brunault as Danny, a middle school student who decides to prove that Santa Claus is real ; Lindsey Blanchard as Jennifer, Danny's sister ; Max Harris as Matt, Danny's friend ; Jalon Christian as Jake, Danny's friend ; Chase Anderson as Roger, a bully at school ; Fred Sullivan as Big John Pelser, a professional wrestling promoter ; Mike Bennett as Max Miracle ; David Heath as Tucker Von Magnus ; Tommy Dreamer as himself ; Matt Striker as himself ; Maria Kanellis as herself ; David Gere as DG Haven

This is a document about The Santa Clause 2
 Tim Allen as Scott Calvin / Santa Claus / Toy Santa ; Elizabeth Mitchell as Principal Carol Newman ; Wendy Crewson as Laura Miller ; Judge Reinhold as Dr. Neal Miller ; Liliana Mumy as Lucy Miller ; David Krumholtz as Bernard The Head Elf ; Eric Lloyd as Charlie Calvin ; Spencer Breslin as Curtis The Elf ; Danielle Woodman as Abby The Elf ; Aisha Tyler as Mother Nature ; Peter Boyle as Father Time ; Jay Thomas as Easter Bunny ; Kevin Pollak as Cupid ; Art LaFleur as Tooth Fairy ; Michael Dorn as Sandman ; Molly Shannon as Tracy

This is a document about The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause
 Tim Allen as Santa Claus / Scott Calvin ; Martin Short as Jack Frost ; Elizabeth Mitchell as Mrs. Claus / Carol Calvin ; Judge Reinhold as Neil Miller ; Wendy Crewson as Laura Miller ; Liliana Mumy as Lucy Miller ; Alan Arkin as Bud Newman ; Ann-Margret as Sylvia Newman ; Spencer Breslin as Curtis the Elf ; Eric Lloyd as Charlie Calvin ; Aisha Tyler as Mother Nature ; Peter Boyle as Father Time ; Michael Dorn as the Sandman ; Jay Thomas as the Easter Bunny ; Kevin Pollak as Cupid ; Art LaFleur as the Tooth Fairy ; Abigail Breslin as Trish

This is a document about Mrs. Claus
  work. ; The 2002 movie The Santa Clause 2 centers on Tim Allen's character being forced to marry in order to continue his role as Santa. The "Mrs. Clause" confirms why every Santa has had a Mrs. Claus, because it is part of the Santa Clause. He ultimately finds genuine love in Carol Newman (Elizabeth Mitchell), the principal of his son Charlie's school, and in The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause, she deals with being Mrs. Claus, having a baby, and being separated from her family. ; Played by Miranda Richardson in the 2007's Fred Claus (2007) starring Vince Vaughn

This is a document about Santa Inc.
 Seth Rogen as Santa Claus, known as Saint Nick (his real name), a jolly, overweight, middle-aged man who distrusts her for becoming a successor. ; Sarah Silverman as Candy Smalls, the highest-ranking female elf and Santa's second in command, who wants to become the next Santa. ; Leslie Grossman as Cookie, a gingerbread woman. ; Gabourey Sidibe as Goldie, a bisexual reindeer and member of the B-team. ; Craig Robinson as Junior, the leader of the all-male reindeer A-team. ; Nicholas Braun as Devin the intern. ; Maria Bamford as Mrs. Claus and Big Candy.

This is a document about Mrs. Claus
  deal with Christmas and the world of Santa Claus. Her personality tends to be fairly consistent; she is usually seen as a calm, kind, and patient woman, often in contrast to Santa himself, who can be prone to acting too exuberant. In more recent films such as The Santa Clause series, Fred Claus, and The Christmas Chronicles series, Mrs. Claus is not always depicted according to the elderly white-haired stereotype, but sometimes appears to be younger than Santa. In the case of The Christmas Chronicles, this is true despite the fact that Goldie Hawn, known for maintaining her youthful blonde appearance, is actually six years older than Kurt Russell who plays Santa. Mrs. Claus departs even further from the stereotype in more recent films, such as the 2020 Mel Gibson film Fatman, where she is a black woman played by Marianne Jean-Baptiste.

This is a document about Fred Claus
 Vince Vaughn as Frederick "Fred" Claus ; Jordon Hull as 6 year old Fred ; Liam James as 12 year old Fred ; Paul Giamatti as Nicholas "Nick"/"Santa" Claus ; Theo Stevenson as 6 year old Nick ; John Michael Higgins as Willie, Santa's head elf whom Fred befriends and helps to hook up with Charlene. ; Miranda Richardson as Mrs. Annette Claus, Nick's wife. ; Rachel Weisz as Wanda Blinkowski, Fred's girlfriend and a parking enforcement officer. ; Kathy Bates and Trevor Peacock as Mother and Father Claus, Fred and Nick's parents. Peacock also serves as the narrator. ; Chris Ludacris Bridges as DJ Donnie ; Elizabeth

This is a document about The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause
  paycheck". Kyle Smith wrote, "We're getting a turkey and a ham for the holidays. Santa is so dumb he should be demoted to cleaning up after Geoffrey the Giraffe at Toys 'R' Us." Manohla Dargis dismissed the film as "Squeaky clean, but you might die of boredom." Finally, Mark Kermode described it on BBC Radio 5 Live as "the cinematic equivalent of tertiary syphilis". In a more positive review, Varietys Justin Chang said The Santa Clause 3 was "a much cleaner, more streamlined ride than its overstuffed predecessor", adding that "Michael Lembeck directs the action with a surer touch and more consistent tone than he brought to Santa Clause 2, and effortlessly pulls off the pic's sentimental, life-affirming moments without tugging too hard."

This is a document about Spencer Breslin
  the 2002 romantic comedy-drama-fantasy film The Santa Clause 2: The Mrs. Clause, marking the first of four films in which he co-starred alongside actor Tim Allen. The movie was a great financial success, raking in $173 million in gross sales, and was the fifth-highest-grossing holiday movie ever and the 28th-highest-grossing movie worldwide of the year, making $29 million its opening weekend. In 2002 he also appeared in TV movies such as the 2002 Mom's on Strike, as a pesky younger brother in the 2003 You Wish!, and Ozzie. He has also been involved in animation films, notably by lending his voice

This is a document about Jim Broadbent
  Horrocks are revealed to be the new cast with Broadbent as a Voice Trumpet in the reboot of classic British children's television series Teletubbies. Since 2016, Broadbent narrates Kevin the Carrot Christmas adverts for the UK branch of Aldi. In the 2020 advert, Broadbent portrayed Santa Claus, who was revealed to be the narrator. Broadbent has also appeared in the critically acclaimed British comedy films, Paddington (2014), and Paddington 2 (2018) alongside Hugh Bonneville, Sally Hawkins, Julie Walters, and Ben Whishaw. In 2016, he was cast in the seventh season of the HBO series Game of Thrones. In 2017 he starred in the

This is a document about Shrek 2
  Shrek 2 is a 2004 American computer-animated comedy film loosely based on the 1990 picture book Shrek! by William Steig. Directed by Andrew Adamson, Kelly Asbury, and Conrad Vernon, it is the sequel to Shrek (2001) and the second installment in the Shrek film franchise. The film stars Mike Myers, Eddie Murphy and Cameron Diaz, who reprise their respective voice roles of Shrek, Donkey, and Fiona. They are joined by new characters voiced by Antonio Banderas, Julie Andrews, John Cleese, Rupert Everett, and Jennifer Saunders. Like its predecessor, Shrek 2 also parodies other films based on fairy tales and features references to American popular culture. Shrek 2 takes place following the events of the first film, with Shrek and Donkey meeting Fiona's parents as her zealous Fairy Godmother, who

This is a document about Snow 2: Brain Freeze
 Tom Cavanagh as Nick Snowden / Santa Claus ; Ashley Williams as Sandy Brooks / Mrs. Claus ; Patrick Fabian as Buck Seger - the sole antagonist (also the antagonist in the first film) Jonathan Holmes as Galfrid - the Claus' book-keeper ; Alexander Conti as Ryan - a street thief, who turns into a believer and helps Nick out and becomes one of the Mays' ; Hal Williams as Henry Mays - an elderly man who was close friends with Nick's parents Lynley Hall as Hip Hop Teacher ; Janelle Cooper as Kaitlin Mays - the daughter of Henry ; Viv Leacock as Gustavo - a relative of Henry, who was responsible for taking care of Henry ; Chantal Perron as TV News Reporter ; Irene Karas as Nurse ; Patrick Richards as Drunk Guy ; Wally Houn as the hospital Janitor that Sandy bumped into ; Ron Barge as Old Man ; Brian Martell as Business Man  Secondary Cast: Other Cast:

This is a document about Get Santa
 Jim Broadbent as Santa Claus ; Rafe Spall as Steve Anderson ; Kit Connor as Tom Anderson ; Stephen Graham as Barber ; Ewen Bremner as PC Finkerton ; Jodie Whittaker as Alison Anderson ; Michael Walter as Entwhistle ; Warwick Davis as Sally ; Joanna Scanlan as Ruth ; Nonso Anozie as Knuckles ; Perry Benson as Jimbo ; Matt King as Brian ; Joshua McGuire as Tony ; Hera Hilmar as WPC Boyle ; Craig Fackrell as The Haircut ; Bjarne Henriksen as Lars ; Gerry Cole as prisoner

This is a document about Santa and Pete
 Hume Cronyn as St. Nicholas/Santa Claus ; Flex Alexander as Pete ; Emily Mae Young as Marlene ; James Earl Jones as Grandpa Nicholas ; Erica Gimpel as Cassie Moore ; Benjamin Brown as James Eric Moore ; Sedrathe Gillespie as Terence Moore ; Tempestt Bledsoe as Maria Dangola ; Tracey Douglas as Janet Dangola ; Bruce A. Young as Big Manuel Dangola ; Rhyon Nicole Brown as Julia Dangola ; Ruth de Sosa as Elizabeth Van Olden ; Cooper Thornton as Henry Rutgers ; Ted Rooney as the Tanner ; David Purdham as Rev. Bogart ; Herb Mitchell as the Governor ; Miguel Perez as Spanish Officer

Tim Allen plays the plastic Santa Claus in "The Santa Clause 2."


Question: the process of transferring feelings from one object to another is called

Answer: Transference

This is a document about Transfer (propaganda)
  Transfer is a technique used in propaganda and advertising. Also known as association, this is a technique of projecting positive or negative qualities (praise or blame) of a person, entity, object, or value (an individual, group, organization, nation, patriotism, etc.) to another in order to make the second more acceptable or to discredit it. It evokes an emotional response, which stimulates the target to identify with recognized authorities. Often highly visual, this technique often utilizes symbols superimposed over other visual images. An example of common use of this technique in the United States is for the President to be filmed or photographed in front of the Flag of the United States country's flag. Another technique used is celebrity endorsement.

This is a document about Auxiliary ego
  Transference and Countertransference are terms used in therapy in relation between clients or patients and a therapist or clinician. Transference is the phenomenon when a person unconsciously transfers feelings and attitudes from people or situations in the past onto another party in the present situation. For instance, when clients or patients direct their feelings for one significant person to the clinician. Countertransference shares the same unconscious phenomenon but happens as the patient’s responses after receiving transference. From the previous example, the clinician can transfer his/her feelings onto the patients.

This is a document about Transference
  Transference (Übertragung) is a phenomenon within psychotherapy in which the feelings a person had about their parents, as one example, are unconsciously redirected or transferred to the present situation. It usually concerns feelings from a primary relationship during childhood. At times, this transference can be considered inappropriate. Transference was first described by Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, who considered it an important part of psychoanalytic treatment.

This is a document about Feeling
  Feeling was originally used to describe the physical sensation of touch through either experience or perception. The word is also used to describe other experiences, such as "a feeling of warmth" and of sentience in general. In psychology, the term feeling is closely related to emotion, and usually refers to the conscious subjective experience of emotions. The study of subjective experiences is referred to as phenomenology, whereas psychotherapy refers to a process whereby a therapist helps a client understand their own feelings and experiences. Feelings are also known as a state of consciousness.

This is a document about Analogy
  Analogy (from Greek analogia, "proportion", from ana- "upon, according to" [also "against", "anew"] + logos "ratio" [also "word, speech, reckoning"] ) is a cognitive process of transferring information or meaning from a particular subject (the analog, or source) to another (the target), or a linguistic expression corresponding to such a process. In a narrower sense, analogy is an inference or an argument from one particular to another particular, as opposed to deduction, induction, and abduction, in which at least one of the premises, or the conclusion, is general rather than particular in nature. The term analogy can also refer to the relation between the source and the target themselves, which is often (though not always) a similarity, as in

This is a document about Synaesthesia (rhetorical device)
  It has been suggested that, in the tradition of Romantic poetry, the sensory transfer consisting in the synaesthesic metaphor tends to be from a lower (less differentiated sense) to a higher sense. In this respect, the sequence of senses from low to high is generally taken to be touch, taste, smell, sound, then sight. This observation was named a panchronistic tendency by Stephen Ullmann since he saw the lowest levels of sense having the poorest vocabulary. Upwards transfers are thought to have strong emotional effects, but downwards transfers generally witty effects.

This is a document about Excitation-transfer theory
  Excitation-transfer theory purports that residual excitation from one stimulus will amplify the excitatory response to another stimulus, though the hedonic valences of the stimuli may differ. The excitation-transfer process is not limited to a single emotion. For example, when watching a movie, a viewer may be angered by seeing the hero wronged by the villain, but this initial excitation may intensify the viewer's pleasure in witnessing the villain's punishment later. Thus, although the excitation from the original stimulus of seeing the hero wronged was cognitively accessed as anger, the excitation after the second stimulus of seeing the villain punished is cognitively assessed as pleasure, though part of the excitation from the second stimulus is residual from the first. However, the excitation-transfer process requires the presence of three conditions. One: the second stimulus occurs before the complete decay of residual excitation from the first stimulus. Two: there is the misattribution of excitation, that is, after exposure to the second stimulus, the individual experiencing the excitation attributes full excitation to the second stimulus. Three: the individual has not reached an excitatory threshold before exposure to the second stimulus.

This is a document about Transfer of learning
  with no bright line between learning and transfer. Transfer may also be referred to as generalization, B. F. Skinner's concept of a response to a stimulus occurring to other stimuli. Today, transfer of learning is usually described as the process and the effective extent to which past experiences (also referred to as the transfer source) affect learning and performance in a new situation (the transfer target). However, there remains controversy as to how transfer of learning should be conceptualized and explained, what its prevalence is, what its relation is to learning in general, and whether it exists at all.

This is a document about Transduction (psychology)
  Transduction in general is the transportation or transformation of something from one form, place, or concept to another. In psychology, transduction refers to reasoning from specific cases to general cases, typically employed by children during their development. The word has many specialized definitions in varying fields. Furthermore, transduction is defined as what takes place when many sensors in the body convert physical signals from the environment into encoded neural signals sent to the central nervous system.

This is a document about Displacement (psychology)
  The displacement of feelings and attitudes from past significant others onto the present-day analyst constitutes a central aspect of the transference, particularly in the case of the neurotic. A subsidiary form of displacement within the transference occurs when the patient disguises transference references by applying them to an apparent third party or to themself. As of now encoded in subcortical neural pathways, material from our oblivious brain is pushed into our cognizant psyche as we attempt to manage mental wonders – typically agonizing – that we are encountering. With the "help" of mind movement, we unknowingly re-surface and re-order struggle ridden encounters as though the past were the present and one setting were another. We move contemplations, sentiments, and perspectives, particularly about individuals who take after others. We allocate them jobs once played by others. We take on old jobs ourselves. All unwittingly.

This is a document about Excitation-transfer theory
  but to the new stimulus situations in which he finds himself. Moreover, by virtue of their very "unreal" and symbolic (possibly-fantasy encouraging) content, communication messages are generally not related to the person's real and immediate problems and concerns. This should further encourage misattribution of accruing arousal and hence make the person all the more vulnerable to transfer effects in his postcommunication behavior. In short, stimuli, whether they be in real-life, on a television or movie screen, or a combination of the two, can elicit excitation-transfers. Today, excitation-transfer theory remains a key component of the theoretical framework of studies focusing on communication and emotion.

This is a document about Interpersonal attraction
  In the context of relationships, chemistry is a simple emotion that two people get when they share a special connection. It is very early in one's relationship that they can intuitively work out whether they have positive or negative chemistry. Some people describe chemistry in metaphorical terms, such as "like peanut butter and jelly", or "like a performance". It can be described in the terms of mutual feelings - "a connection, a bond or common feeling between two people", or as a chemical process - "[it] stimulates love or sexual attraction...brain chemicals are definitely involved". A common misconception is that chemistry is an unconscious decision, informed by a

This is a document about Transference
  It is common for people to transfer feelings about their parents to their partners or children (that is, cross-generational entanglements). Another example of transference would be a person mistrusting somebody who resembles an ex-spouse in manners, voice, or external appearance, or being overly compliant to someone who resembles a childhood friend. In The Psychology of the Transference, Carl Jung states that within the transference dyad both participants typically experience a variety of opposites, that in love and in psychological growth, the key to success is the ability to endure the tension of the opposites without abandoning the process, and that this tension allows one to grow and to transform. Only in a personally

This is a document about Material culture
  an image, a feeling, or an experience. Material can contain memories and mutual experiences across time and influence thoughts and feelings. A study found that couples who have more items that were jointly acquired and more favorite items among them had higher-quality relationships. Researchers from the fields of sociology, psychology, and anthropology have also been fascinated by gift-giving, a universal phenomenon that holds emotional meaning using material culture. According to Schieffelin, "gift-giving is a vehicle of social obligation and political maneuver." Mauss defines the gift as creating a special bond between the giver and the receiver. According to Mauss, the giver never really leaves the gift but becomes part of the receiver's future by inserting the gift into their life. A gift leads at some point to another gift in response, which creates a special reciprocal bond between people.

This is a document about Ganying
 moved to response through the feelings and affections; induction ; ① to feel and respond ② (physics) induction ; reaction or response to some outer stimuli ; ① response; reaction; interaction ② [biology] irritability ③ [electricity] induction ; ① response ② [electricity] induction ; ① response; reaction; interaction ② [biology] irritability ③ [electricity] induction ; ① induction; process through which an object or electromagnetic body becomes magnetized when in a magnetic field or in the magnetic flux set up by a magnetmotive force ② response; reaction; feeling or act of response caused by an outside influence ; ① [philosophy] response; reaction; interaction ② [biology] irritability ③ [electricity] induction ④ [religion] the prayers being listened to ; (A) respond (B) [electricity] induction The Chinese collocation gǎnyìng combines gǎn 感 "feel, sense; move, touch;

This is a document about Sexual stimulation
  The excitation-transfer theory states that existing arousal in the body can be transformed into another type of arousal. For example, sometimes people can be sexually stimulated from residual arousal arising from something such as exercise, being transformed into another type of arousal such as sexual arousal. In one study participants performed some physical exercise and at different stages of recovery had to watch an erotic film and rate how aroused it made them feel. They found that participants who were still experiencing excitatory residues from the exercise rated the film as more arousing than those who had fully recovered from the exercise. This suggests that the remaining arousal from the exercise was being transformed into sexual arousal without any external stimulation.

This is a document about Crosslinguistic influence
  In linguistics, language transfer is defined by behaviorist psychologists as the subconscious use of behaviors from one language in another. In the Applied Linguistics field, it is also known as exhibiting knowledge of a native or dominant language (L1) in one that is being learned (L2). Transfer occurs in various language-related settings, such as acquiring a new language and when two languages or two dialects come into contact. Transfer may depend on how similar the two languages are and the intensity of the conversational setting. Transfer is more likely to happen if the two languages are in the same language family. It also occurs more at the beginning stages of L2 acquisition, when the grammar and lexicon are

This is a document about Compassion
  not the same as empathetic feeling, Compassion is not simply wishful thinking, Compassion is not self-regard. The more one person knows about the human condition and the associated experiences, the more vivid the route to identification with suffering becomes. Identifying with another person is an essential process for human beings, which is even illustrated by infants who begin to mirror the facial expressions and body movements of their mother as early as the first days of their lives. Compassion is recognized through identifying with other people (i.e. perspective-taking), the knowledge of human behavior, the perception of suffering, transfer of feelings, knowledge of

This is a document about Ronald Fairbairn
  exciting object with all its heart. Splitting is a defense that prevents the integration of Good and Bad Object memories into a single whole object. Thus, the individual never develops "object constancy" which is the ability to see a person's goodness, even when they are being rejected or frustrated by that person. This dual vision (that the individual is both loving and at other times, rejecting) of an outside object is called ambivalence Thus, a very important developmental milestone is not achieved, and the individual functions at an earlier stage of psychological development, often throughout life. Splitting causes the individual to

This is a document about Andrew Smith (British writer)
 Transference

The process of transferring feelings from one object to another is called transference.


Question: when did the first new years eve ball drop

Answer: 1907

This is a document about Times Square Ball
  a ball for the celebration; it was built from iron and wood, electrically lit with one hundred incandescent light bulbs, weighed 700 lb, and measured 5 ft in diameter. The ball was hoisted on the building's 70 foot flagpole with rope by a team of six men. The ball would begin to drop at 10 seconds before midnight, once it hit the roof of the building, the ball was designed to complete an electric circuit to light a 5-foot-tall sign to light up on all four sides of the building, indicating the new year, and trigger a fireworks show. The first ever "ball drop" was held on December 31, 1907, welcoming the year 1908. In 1913, only eight years

This is a document about Times Square
   Times Square is the site of the annual New Year's Eve ball drop. About one million revelers crowd Times Square for the New Year's Eve celebrations, more than twice the usual number of visitors the area usually receives daily. However, for the millennium celebration on December 31, 1999, published reports stated approximately two million people overflowed Times Square, flowing from Sixth Avenue to Eighth Avenue and back on Broadway and Seventh Avenue to 59th Street, making it the largest gathering in Times Square since August 1945 during celebrations marking the end of World War II. On December 31, 1907, a ball signifying New Year's Day was first dropped at Times Square, and the Square has held the main New Year's celebration in New York City ever since. On that night, hundreds

This is a document about List of objects dropped on New Year's Eve
  On New Year's Eve, many localities in America mark the beginning of a year through the raising or lowering of an object. Many of these events are patterned off festivities that have been held at New York City's Times Square since 1908, where a large crystal ball is lowered down a pole atop One Times Square (beginning its descent at 11:59:00 p.m. local time, and concluding at midnight). In turn, the event was inspired by the time balls used by ship navigators in the 19th century to calibrate their chronometers. Whilst some of these events use a ball in imitation of Times Square, many "drops" utilize objects that represent an aspect of local culture, geography, or history. Ball drops are by far the most common in, but not exclusive to, the United States.

This is a document about New Year's Eve
  In the United States, New Year's Eve is celebrated with formal parties and concerts, family-oriented activities, and large public events such as fireworks shows and "drops". The most prominent celebration in the country is the "ball drop" held at New York City's Times Square, which was inspired by the time balls that were formerly used as a time signal. At 11:59:00 p.m. ET, an 11875 lb, 12 ft ball is lowered down a 70 ft pole on the roof of One Times Square, reaching the roof of the building sixty seconds later. The event has been held since 1907, and has seen an average attendance of one million spectators yearly. Since 2009, the ball itself—which is adorned

This is a document about Times Square Ball
  The first New Year's Eve celebration in Times Square was held on December 31, 1904; The New York Times owner, Adolph Ochs, decided to celebrate the opening of the newspaper's new headquarters, One Times Square, with a New Year's fireworks show on the southern roof of the building to welcome 1905. Close to 200,000 people attended the event, displacing traditional celebrations that had normally been held at Trinity Church. However, following several years of fireworks shows, Ochs wanted a bigger spectacle at the building to draw more attention to the area. The newspaper's chief electrician, Walter F. Palmer, suggested using a time ball, after seeing one used on the nearby Western Union Building. Ochs hired sign designer Artkraft Strauss to

This is a document about Times Square Ball
  The Times Square Ball is a time ball located in New York City's Times Square. Located on the roof of One Times Square, the ball is a prominent part of a New Year's Eve celebration in Times Square commonly referred to as the ball drop, where the ball descends down a specially designed flagpole, beginning at 11:59:00 p.m. ET, and resting at midnight to signal the start of the new year. In recent years, the ball drop has been preceded by live entertainment, including performances by musicians. The event was first organized by Adolph Ochs, owner of The New York Times newspaper, as a successor to a series of New Year's Eve fireworks displays he held at the building to

This is a document about Times Square
  thousands of people congregate to watch the Waterford Crystal ball being lowered on a pole atop the building, marking the start of the new year. It replaced a lavish fireworks display from the top of the building that was held from 1904 to 1906 but stopped by city officials because of the danger of fire. Beginning in 1908, and for more than eighty years thereafter, Times Square sign maker Artkraft Strauss was responsible for the ball-lowering. During World War II, a minute of silence, followed by a recording of church bells pealing, replaced the ball drop because of wartime blackout restrictions. Today, Countdown Entertainment and One Times Square handle the New Year's Eve event in conjunction with the Times Square Alliance. A new energy-efficient LED ball debuted for the arrival

This is a document about One Times Square
  bracing was used. To help promote the new headquarters, the Times held a New Year's Eve event on December 31, 1904, welcoming the year of 1905 with a fireworks display set off from the roof of the building at midnight. The event was a success, attracting 200,000 spectators, and was continued annually until 1907. For 1908, Ochs replaced the display with what he thought would be a more spectacular eventthe lowering of a lit ball down the building's flagpole at midnight, patterned off the use of time balls to indicate a certain time of day. The "ball drop" is still held on One Times Square to this day, attracting an average of one million spectators yearly.

This is a document about Dey Street
  Street at the western end. Starting in 1877, a time ball was dropped from the top of the building at exactly noon, triggered by a telegraph from the National Observatory in Washington, D.C. It was used as an aid to navigation and railway operations. It inspired the New Year's Eve Times Square Ball drop that started in 1907. The building at 15 Dey (195 Broadway) was acquired by the American Telephone and Telegraph Company and demolition began in stages in 1912. In 1914, the Associated Press, which had offices in the building, relocated to Chambers Street. The new AT&T

This is a document about Time ball
  version of the concept has been used since 31 December 1907 at New York City's Times Square as part of its New Year's Eve celebrations; at 11:59 p.m., a lit ball is lowered down a pole atop the One Times Square tower over the course of sixty seconds, concluding at midnight. For the arrival of 1988, the event's organizers acknowledged the addition of a leap second by extending the drop to 61 seconds (in reality, the leap second was applied worldwide five hours earlier at midnight UTC). The spectacle was inspired by an organizer having seen the time ball on the Western Union Building in operation.

This is a document about Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve
  Prior to the premiere of New Year's Rockin' Eve, the most well-known New Year's Eve program was the annual big band remote of bandleader Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians, broadcast from the ballroom of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel. Guy Lombardo hosted 48 straight New Year's Eve broadcasts on CBS until his death in 1977, beginning on radio in 1928 (and for a period, splitting with NBC Radio following midnight ET), and on CBS Television from 1956 to 1976 (which also featured coverage of the ball drop in Times Square). Lombardo was also well known for his band's performance of the song "Auld Lang Syne" at midnight, which helped make the standard

This is a document about Times Square
  estimated 50 million visitors annually. Approximately 330,000 people pass through Times Square daily, many of them tourists, while over 460,000 pedestrians walk through Times Square on its busiest days. Formerly known as Longacre Square, Times Square was renamed in 1904 after The New York Times moved its headquarters to the then newly erected Times Building, now One Times Square. It is the site of the annual New Year's Eve ball drop, which began on December 31, 1907, and continues to attract over a million visitors to Times Square every year. Times Square functions as a town square, but is not geometrically a square; it is closer in shape to a bowtie, with two

This is a document about 1972 in music
  – The first New Year's Rockin' Eve, with host Dick Clark, airs on NBC (before moving to ABC) with Three Dog Night as the featured act. Blood, Sweat & Tears, Helen Reddy and Al Green also perform. ; unknown date ; Herbert Howells becomes a Companion of Honour. ; Billy Ray Hearn founds Myrrh Records. ; Joseph Hoo Kim founds Channel One Studios in Kingston, Jamaica. ; Numa Labinsky (bass singer) and the brothers Michael and Gerald Reynolds found Nimbus Records, a specialist classical music recording company at Wyastone Leys in Herefordshire, England. ; Heisei College of Music is established in Mifune, Kumamoto, Japan.

This is a document about Times Square Ball
  its status as the new headquarters of the Times, while the ball itself was designed by Artkraft Strauss. First held on December 31, 1907, to welcome 1908, the ball drop has been held annually since, except in 1942 and 1943 in observance of wartime blackouts. The ball's design has been updated over the years to reflect improvements in lighting technology; the ball was initially constructed from wood and iron, and lit with 100 incandescent light bulbs. Since 1999–2000, the ball has featured an outer surface consisting of triangular crystal panels (which contain inscriptions representing a yearly theme), and was redesigned for 2008 to use a computerized LED lighting system. Since 2009, the current ball has been displayed atop One Times

This is a document about Times Square Ball
  it moved to One Times Square, the Times moved its corporate headquarters to 229 West 43rd Street. The Times still maintained ownership of the tower, however, and Strauss continued to organize future editions of the drop. The original ball was last used for the 1919-20 event in favor of a second design; the second ball remained 5 ft in diameter, but was now constructed from iron, weighing 400 lb. The ball drop was placed on hiatus for New Year's Eve 1942-43 and 1943-44 due to wartime lighting restrictions during World War II. Instead, a moment of silence was observed one minute before midnight in Times Square, followed by the sound of church bells ringing being played from sound trucks.

This is a document about List of objects dropped on New Year's Eve
  after that and replaced with a midsummer celebration. ; Watertown, New York: A beach ball is dropped at noon New Year's Eve, which kicks off the city's season-long winter celebration, Snowtown USA. ; White Plains, New York: A ball drops from a crane on the corner of Main Street and Renaissance Square in downtown. The urban festival attracts 25,000 residents of Westchester County, New York. ; Wilson, New York: Two balls are dropped, one at 9p.m. and the other at midnight. New York holds many elaborate drops, particularly the ball drop at Times Square and at the Electric Tower in Buffalo. The state comes in second in America for the most items dropped on New Year's Eve.

This is a document about New York Marriott Marquis
  The Marriott Marquis was refinanced with $328.5 million from 23 lenders in January 1984. Marriott put up 89 percent of the equity and Portman put up the remainder. By then, potential guests had made at least 300,000 nights of reservations at the Marriott Marquis. One guest had reserved a room for the Times Square Ball drop on New Year's Eve 1999, which the guest ultimately attended. The Marriott chain also began negotiating with potential theater operators. The Marriott Marquis planned to charge $175 per room per night. The costs of the hotel had risen to $400 million. The hotel topped out at a ceremony in October 1984. At the ceremony, Koch praised the hotel as the "first

This is a document about Tenderloin, San Francisco
  New Year's Day in 1965, police raided a Mardi Gras Ball at California Hall on Polk Street sponsored by the Council on Religion and the Homosexual, lining up and photographing 600 participants and arresting several prominent citizens. One of the first "gay riots", pre-dating the Stonewall riots in New York, happened at Compton's Cafeteria at Turk and Taylor Streets in August 1966 when the police, attempting to arrest a drag queen, sparked a riot that spilled into the streets. The group ended up smashing the windows of the police car and burned a nearby newspaper stand to the ground; the riot promoted the

This is a document about 1978 in music
  Eve special airs on ABC, with performances by Barry Manilow, Village People, Chuck Mangione, Tanya Tucker and Rick James. ; CBS airs New Year's Eve with Guy Lombardo for the final time, nearly two years after the band leader's death and ending a 22-year run that began in 1956. ; The Winterland Ballroom venue in San Francisco closes with a New Year's Eve performance by the Grateful Dead, New Riders of the Purple Sage and the Blues Brothers. ; Iron Maiden records a demo, consisting of four songs, at Spaceward Studios in Cambridge which would eventually become The Soundhouse Tapes.

This is a document about Times Square
  The general atmosphere of Times Square changed with the onset of the Great Depression in the early 1930s. City residents moved uptown to cheaper neighborhoods, and many popular theaters closed, replaced by saloons, brothels, "burlesque halls, vaudeville stages, and dime houses". The area acquired a reputation as a dangerous and seedy neighborhood in the following decades. Nevertheless, Times Square continued to be the site of the annual ball drop on New Year's Eve. The ball drop was placed on hiatus for New Year's Eve in 1942 and 1943 due to lighting restrictions during World War II. Instead, a moment of silence was observed at midnight in Times Square, accompanied by the sound of chimes played from sound trucks. On May 8, 1945, a massive crowd celebrated Victory in Europe Day in Times Square; and on August 15, 1945, the largest crowd in the history of Times Square gathered to celebrate Victory over Japan Day. The victory itself was announced by a headline on the "zipper" news ticker at One Times Square, which read "OFFICIAL *** TRUMAN ANNOUNCES JAPANESE SURRENDER ***", the six asterisks representing the branches of the U.S. Armed Forces.

The first New Year's Eve ball drop occurred on December 31, 1907, in Times Square, New York City.


Question: what are the original inhabitants of a region or country called

Answer: Indigenous peoples

This is a document about Indigenous peoples
  Indigenous peoples, also referred to as first peoples, first nations, aboriginal peoples, native peoples (with these terms often capitalized when referred to relating to specific countries), or autochthonous peoples, are culturally distinct ethnic groups who are related to the earliest known inhabitants of a particular geographic region. The term indigenous was first, in its modern context, used by Europeans, who used it to differentiate the indigenous peoples of the Americas from the African and European new inhabitants. It may have first been used in this context by Sir Thomas Browne in 1646, who stated "and although in many parts thereof there be at present swarms of Negroes serving under the Spaniard, yet were they all transported from Africa, since

This is a document about Matjiesfontein
  The original inhabitants of the region were the Khoikhoi herders and the San hunter gatherers. Following the arrival of the early European colonists, the area was settled by Afrikaner Trekboers and Griqua people.

This is a document about Pampa de Achala
  The original inhabitants of the region were the Comechingones, the indigenous inhabitants of the plains and mountains beginning approximately 500 years ago, and who are responsible for most of the names given to the major elements of the region of the Cordoba mountains. They arrived in the region by fleeing the persecution of Spanish colonizers. In the area of pampa de oláen, researchers have found evidence of an earlier culture, ayampití, which existed in the region approximately 6,000 years earlier.

This is a document about Dumarest saga
  The Original People is a mysterious and highly fragmented sect that believes all humanity originated on one world - Earth (also known as Terra). Each faction is highly secretive and does not proselytize, because membership is based on the belief that they are the descendants of the original wave of settlers that spread out into the galaxy from Earth.

This is a document about Pacific Islander
   Pacific Islanders, Pacificer, Pasifika, or Pasefika, are the peoples of the Pacific Islands—particularly those who are indigenous to them. As an ethnic/racial term, it is used to describe the original peoples—inhabitants and diaspora—of any of the three major subregions of Oceania (Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia). It is also sometimes used as a general geographic term, describing any inhabitants of the Pacific islands (i.e., including citizens of Pacific states/territories who are of Asian or European descent and who call the Pacific their home). As "Pacific Islander" can be understood to denote both indigenous and non-indigenous peoples of the Pacific Islands, as well as excluding Aboriginal Australians, the term is distinct from referring to the indigenous peoples of Oceania. Melanesians include the Fijians (Fiji), Kanaks (New Caledonia), Ni-Vanuatu (Vanuatu), Papua New Guineans (Papua New Guinea),

This is a document about Native American name controversy
  naming may be based on shared language, region, or historical relationship, such as "Algonquin-speaking peoples", "Pueblo-dwelling peoples", "Plains Indians", or "LDN peoples" (Lakota, Dakota and Nakota peoples). Many English exonyms have been used to refer to the Indigenous peoples of the Americas (also known as the New World), who were resident within their own territories when European colonists arrived in the 15th and 16th centuries. Some of these names were based on French, Spanish, or other European language terminology used by earlier explorers and colonists, many of which were derived from the names that tribes called each other; some resulted from the colonists' attempt to translate endonyms from the native

This is a document about Māori people
  Early visitors from Europe to New Zealand generally referred to the indigenous inhabitants as "New Zealanders" or as "natives". The Māori used the term Māori to describe themselves in a pan-tribal sense. Māori people often use the term tangata whenua (literally, "people of the land") to identify in a way that expresses their relationship with a particular area of land; a tribe may be the tangata whenua in one area, but not in another. The term can also refer to the Māori people as a whole in relation to New Zealand (Aotearoa) as a whole. The official definition of Māori for electoral

This is a document about Guatuso (canton)
  It is named for the region's original inhabitants, an indigenous tribe whose survivors are now known as the Maleku and remain as residents of the area.

This is a document about Pashtun diaspora
  Arab Emirates), the United States, Iran, the United Kingdom, Germany, Canada, Russia and Australia. The Pashtun people, who are classified as an Iranian ethnolinguistic group, are believed to have settled in the traditional Pashtunistan region during the early 1st millennium CE. According to Ethnologue, they currently number around 50 million, but some sources give slightly lower or higher figures. Following the arrival of Islam in the region, many Pashtuns migrated and settled in the lands of the Delhi Sultanate, the Mughal Empire and other Islamic polities that were established during the Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent. Consequently, their descendants assimilated and intermixed with the Hindi- and Urdu-speaking locals; Pashtuns are commonly referred to as Pathan or Pathans within India and Pakistan.

This is a document about Early history of Tajikistan
  whether Turkic or Iranian peoples were the original inhabitants of Central Asia. The explanation most favored by scholars is that the word evolved from the name of a pre-Islamic (before the seventh century A.D.) Arab tribe. Until the 20th century, people in the region used two types of distinction to identify themselves: way of life—either nomadic or sedentary—and place of residence. By the late nineteenth century, the Tajik and Uzbek peoples, who had lived in proximity for centuries and often used each other's languages, did not perceive themselves as two distinct nationalities. Consequently, such labels were imposed artificially when Central Asia was divided into five Soviet republics in the 1920s.

This is a document about Austronesian peoples
  not. Mahdi (2017) also uses the term "Qata" (from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qata) to distinguish the indigenous populations of Southeast Asia, versus "Tau" (from Proto-Austronesian *Cau) for the later settlers from Taiwan and mainland China; both are based on proto-forms for the word "person" in Malayo-Polynesian languages that referred to darker-skinned and lighter-skinned groups respectively. Jinam et al. (2017) also proposed the term "First Sundaland People" in place of "Negrito", as a more accurate name for the original population of Southeast Asia. These populations are genetically distinct from later Austronesians, but through fairly extensive population admixture, most modern Austronesians have varying levels of ancestry

This is a document about Indigenous peoples of South America
  called pueblos nativos or nativos (lit. Native peoples). The term aborigen (lit. aborigine) is used in Argentina and pueblos aborígenes (lit. aboriginal peoples) is commonly used in Colombia. The English term "Amerindian" (short for "Indians of the Americas") is often used in the Guianas. Latin Americans of mixed European and Indigenous descent are usually referred to as mestizos (Spanish) and mestiços (Portuguese). While those of mixed African and Indigenous ancestry are referred to as zambos. It is believed that the first human populations of South America either arrived from Asia into North America via the Bering Land Bridge and migrated southwards or alternatively from Polynesia across the Pacific. The earliest generally accepted archaeological evidence for human habitation in South

This is a document about Nepal
  The citizens of Nepal are known as Nepali or Nepalese. The Nepali are descendants of three major migrations from India, Tibet and North Burma, and the Chinese province of Yunnan via Assam. Among the earliest inhabitants were the Kirat of the eastern region, Newars of the Kathmandu Valley, aboriginal Tharus of the Terai plains and the Khas Pahari people of the far-western hills. Despite the migration of a significant section of the population to the Terai in recent years, the majority of Nepalese still live in the central highlands, and the northern mountains are sparsely populated. Nepal is a multicultural and multiethnic country, home to 125 distinct ethnic groups, speaking 123 different mother tongues and following a

This is a document about Canarsee
  As was common practice early in the days of white European colonisation of North America, a people came to be associated with a place, with its name displacing theirs among the colonies and those associated with them, such as explorers, mapmakers, trading company superiors who sponsored many of the early settlements, and officials in the colonizers' mother country in Europe. This was the case of the "Canarsee" people, whose name, to the extent they identified with one, is lost in history.

This is a document about Creoles of color
  Créole is derived from latin and means to "create", and was first used in the "New World" by the Portuguese to describe slaves of African descent but was later used by the Spanish during colonial occupation to mean any inhabitant of the Gulf Coast region. The term Créole was first used by French colonists to distinguish themselves from foreign-born settlers, and later as distinct from Anglo-American settlers. Créole referred to people born in Louisiana whose ancestors were not born in the territory. Colonial documents show that the term Créole was used variously at different times to refer to white people, mixed-race people, and

This is a document about History of Guyana
  The first people to reach Guyana made their way from Asia, perhaps as far back as 35,000 years ago. These first inhabitants were nomads who slowly migrated south into Central and South America. At the time of Christopher Columbus's voyages, Guyana's inhabitants were divided into two groups, the Arawak along the coast and the Carib in the interior. One of the legacies of the indigenous peoples was the word Guiana, often used to describe the region encompassing modern Guyana as well as Suriname (former Dutch Guiana) and French Guiana. The word, which means "land of waters", is appropriate considering the area's multitude of rivers and streams. Historians speculate that the Arawaks and Caribs originated in the South American hinterland and migrated northward, first to the present-day Guianas and then to the Caribbean islands. The Arawak, mainly cultivators, hunters, and fishermen, migrated to the Caribbean islands before the Carib and

This is a document about Griqualand West
  The indigenous population of the area were the Khoi-khoi and Bushmen peoples, who were hunter-gatherers or herders. Early on they were joined by the agriculturalist Batswana, who migrated into the area from the north. They comprised the majority of the population throughout the region's history, up until the present day. By the early 19th century the whole area came to be dominated by the powerful Griqua people, who gave the region its name.

This is a document about Bantu peoples of South Africa
  ethnic "-stans" of Western and Central Asia such as the Kafiristan, Pakistan, etc. But in South Africa, the association with Apartheid discredited the term, and the Apartheid government shifted to the politically appealing but historically deceptive term "ethnic homelands". Meanwhile, the Anti-Apartheid Movement persisted in calling the areas bantustans, to drive home the Apartheid governments' political illegitimacy. The fallacy of The Empty Land Myth also completely omits the existence of the Khoisan (a catch-all term) populations of southern Africa who roamed much of the south western region of South Africa for millennia before any arrival of Europeans in South Africa. Particularly right-wing nationalists of

This is a document about Bantu peoples of South Africa
  designated as Cafraria. European cartographers in their 16th and 17th centuries versions of southern African maps, likewise called the southern African region Cafreria. In the late 16th century, Richard Hakluyt, an English writer, in his words describes Cafars and Gawars, translate to infidels and illiterates (not to be confused with slaves called Cafari, the Malagasy people called Cafres and certain inhabitants of Ethiopia known as Cafars), as Bantu-speaking peoples of southern Africa in his work. Historically past names of South Africa in records largely relied upon how European explorers to Africa referred to the indigenous people, in the 16th century the whole coastal

This is a document about Australians
   Indigenous Australians are descendants of the original inhabitants of the Australian continent. Their ancestors are believed to have migrated from Africa to Asia around 70,000 years ago and arrived in Australia around 50,000 years ago. The Torres Strait Islanders are a distinct people of Melanesian ancestry, indigenous to the Torres Strait Islands, which are at the northernmost tip of Queensland near Papua New Guinea, and some nearby settlements on the mainland. The term "Aboriginal" is traditionally applied to only the indigenous inhabitants of mainland Australia and Tasmania, along with some of the adjacent islands. Indigenous Australians is an inclusive term used when referring to

The original inhabitants of a region or country are called indigenous peoples or indigenous groups. They are culturally distinct ethnic groups who were the first known inhabitants of a particular geographic area. The term "indigenous" was first used in the modern context by Europeans to differentiate these groups from newcomers. Examples of indigenous peoples include the Khoikhoi and San hunter-gatherers of the Matjiesfontein region in South Africa, the Comechingones of the Pampa region in Argentina, and the Pacific Islanders of the Pacific Islands.


Question: when did mandela write long walk to freedom

Answer: 1994

This is a document about Long Walk to Freedom
  Long Walk to Freedom is an autobiography credited to South African President Nelson Mandela. It was ghostwritten by Richard Stengel and first published in 1994 by Little Brown & Co. The book profiles his early life, coming of age, education and 27 years spent in prison. Under the apartheid government, Mandela was regarded as a terrorist and jailed on the infamous Robben Island for his role as a leader of the then-outlawed African National Congress (ANC). He later achieved international recognition for his leadership as president in rebuilding the country's once segregationist society. The last chapters of the book describe his political ascension and his belief that the struggle still continued against apartheid in South Africa. Mandela dedicated his book to "my six children, Madiba and Makaziwe (my first daughter) who are now deceased, and to Makgatho, Makaziwe, Zenani and Zindzi, whose support and love I treasure; to my twenty-one grandchildren and three great-grandchildren who give me great pleasure; and to all my comrades, friends and fellow South Africans whom I serve and whose courage, determination and patriotism remain my source of inspiration."

This is a document about Mandla Langa
  a book of the King James Bible. Langa was brought in to complete the follow-up volume to Nelson Mandela's 1994 autobiography Long Walk to Freedom. Based on Mandela's handwritten notes and a draft left unfinished when Mandela died in 2013, as well as archive material and interviews, Dare Not Linger: The Presidential Years by Nelson Mandela and Mandla Langa, with a prologue by Graça Machel, was published in 2017, its title taken from the closing sentence of Long Walk to Freedom: "But I can only rest for a moment, for with freedom comes responsibilities, and I dare not linger, for my long walk is not ended."

This is a document about Richard Stengel
  The Essential User's Guide, which explored the relevance of the U.S. Constitution in modern-day events. The book that Stengel is best known for is his collaboration with Nelson Mandela on Mandela's autobiography, Long Walk to Freedom. In 1992, he signed a ghostwriting deal with publishers Little, Brown to work on the book, having first been cleared by the African National Congress as a suitable author. The book was published in 1995, and was praised by the Financial Times, which stated: "Their collaboration produced surely one of the great autobiographies of the 20th century". Stengel later served as co-producer of the 1996 documentary film

This is a document about Mac Maharaj
  Maharaj was a political activist and member of the then banned South African Communist Party, who worked in a clandestine manner on anti-apartheid activities with Nelson Mandela. In July 1964, Maharaj was arrested in Johannesburg, charged and convicted with four others including Laloo Chiba and Wilton Mkwayi on charges of sabotage in the little Rivonia Trial, and was imprisoned on Robben Island with Mandela. In prison he secretly transcribed parts of Mandela's memoir Long Walk to Freedom and smuggled it out of the prison in 1976. During his time in prison, Maharaj completed a B.Admin, an MBA and the second year of a

This is a document about Nelson Mandela
  Children's Fund, which he had founded in 1995. Although dismantling press censorship, speaking out in favour of freedom of the press and befriending many journalists, Mandela was critical of much of the country's media, noting that it was overwhelmingly owned and run by middle-class whites and believing that it focused too heavily on scaremongering about crime. In December 1994, Mandela published Long Walk to Freedom, an autobiography based around a manuscript he had written in prison, augmented by interviews conducted with American journalist Richard Stengel. In late 1994, he attended the 49th conference of the ANC in Bloemfontein, at which a

This is a document about Long Walk to Freedom
  by means of his book Goodbye Bafana. Mandela considered suing Gregory for this breach of trust. In Long Walk to Freedom Mandela remarks of Gregory only that 'I had not known him terribly well, but he knew us, because he had been responsible for reviewing our incoming and outgoing mail.' Later on in his sentence, Mandela met South African president, Frederik Willem de Klerk, and was released from prison in 1990. Unlike his friend Anthony Sampson's account, Mandela's book does not discuss the alleged complicity of de Klerk in the violence of the eighties and nineties, or the role of his ex-wife Winnie Mandela in that bloodshed. Mandela became the President of South Africa in 1994.

This is a document about List of political biography films
 Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom Nelson Mandela

This is a document about Prison literature
  book of poetry Kalakuta Republic is based on his experiences in prison. Pramoedya Ananta Toer wrote the Buru Quartet while in prison in Indonesia. Kenyan author Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o's prison diary titled Detained: A Prisoner's Diary was published in 1981. Nelson Mandela's Long Walk to Freedom (1994) is about his 28-years of prison, from which he was released in 1990. Some examples of female prison writers include Madame Roland (Paris, 1793), Krystyna Wituska (Berlin, 1942-44), Nawal El Saadawi (Egypt, 1981), Joan Henry (England, 1951), Caesarina Kona Makhoere (South Africa, 1976-82), Vera Figner (Russia, 1883–1904), Béatrice Saubin (Malaysia, 1992-90), Precious Bedell (New York, 1980-99), and Lady Constance Lytton (England, 1910).

This is a document about Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom
  The film held its world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival on 7 September 2013. It was released on 28 November 2013 in South Africa and on 3 January 2014 in the United Kingdom, a week before and a month after Mandela died, respectively. Long Walk to Freedom premiered in London on 5 December 2013 as a Royal Film Performance, The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge were in attendance, along with Mandela's daughters Zindzi and Zenani. The announcement of the death of Nelson Mandela occurred while the film was being screened; The Duke and Duchess were immediately informed of Nelson's passing, while producer Anant Singh (alongside Idris Elba) took the stage during the closing credits to inform patrons of Mandela's passing, and held a moment of silence. Prince William made brief comments to the press while

This is a document about Nelson Mandela
  communism", a term that the government used to describe most opposition to apartheid, their sentence of nine months' hard labour was suspended for two years. In December, Mandela was given a six-month ban from attending meetings or talking to more than one individual at a time, making his Transvaal ANC presidency impractical, and during this period the Defiance Campaign petered out. In September 1953, Andrew Kunene read out Mandela's "No Easy Walk to Freedom" speech at a Transvaal ANC meeting; the title was taken from a quote by Indian independence leader Jawaharlal Nehru, a seminal influence on Mandela's thought. The speech laid out a contingency plan for a scenario

This is a document about James Gregory (prison officer)
  In his autobiography, Long Walk to Freedom, Mandela briefly mentions Gregory on two occasions. The first was during his imprisonment in Pollsmoor Prison: ""Often, Winnie's visits were overseen by Warrant Officer James Gregory, who had been a censor on Robben Island. I had not known him terribly well, but he knew us, because he had been responsible for reviewing our incoming and outgoing mail. At Pollsmoor I got to know Gregory better and found him a welcome contrast to the typical warder. He was polished and soft-spoken, and treated Winnie with courtesy and deference". Instead of barking, 'Time up!' he would say, 'Mrs Mandela, you have five more minutes.'" The second occasion that

This is a document about Godfrey Mwakikagile
  first leader Nelson Mandela met in newly independent Tanganyika in January 1962 - just one month after the country emerged from colonial rule - when Mandela secretly left South Africa on 11 January to seek assistance from other African countries in the struggle against apartheid and wrote about him in his autobiography Long Walk to Freedom. Tanganyika was the first independent African country Mandela visited and the first in the region to win independence. He went to other African countries using a travel document given to him by the government of Tanganyika. The document stated: "This is Nelson Mandela, a citizen of

This is a document about Long Walk to Freedom
  In an obituary of Mandela, The Times of London reported that the latter chapters of Long Walk to Freedom had been "ghosted by a skilful US journalist", and that Mandela had later started work on a second set of memoirs without a ghost writer. A follow-up memoir was published in 2017, compiled by Mandla Langa from Mandela's handwritten notes and unfinished draft, together with archive material and with a prologue by Graça Machel: entitled Dare Not Linger: The Presidential Years, this volume took its title from the closing sentence of Long Walk to Freedom: "But I can only rest for a moment, for with freedom comes responsibilities, and I dare not linger, for my long walk is not ended."

This is a document about The Washington Times
  color front page, along with full color front pages in all its sections and color elements throughout. It also used ink that it advertised as being less likely to come off on the reader's hands than the type used by the Post. At its start, it had 125 reporters, 25 percent of whom were members of the Unification Church of the United States. The Washington Times reporters visited imprisoned South African civil rights activist Nelson Mandela during the 1980s. Mandela wrote of them in his autobiography Long Walk to Freedom: "They seemed less intent on finding out my views than on proving that I was a Communist and a terrorist. All of their questions

This is a document about Long Walk to Freedom
  Long Walk to Freedom has been adapted into a film titled Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom directed by Justin Chadwick, written by William Nicholson, and produced by Anant Singh. Mandela personally awarded the film rights to the book to Singh's company some years before 2009. Singh believes that as the film is based on Mandela's writing, it will be the "definitive" biopic of him. English actor Idris Elba portrays Mandela in the film. The film was limited released on 29 November 2013 in the United States. The full release happened on Christmas Day 2013 in the United States. When the film was shown in London for Prince William and his wife, Nelson Mandela's death was announced.

This is a document about Antjie Krog
  the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC). She led the radio team that covered the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) from 1996 to 1998, and her reporting during this period became the basis of her second prose work, Country of My Skull (1998). Krog reported under her married name, Antjie Samuel. 2000s–present: Author, academic, and public intellectual In the past two decades, Krog has published three volumes of new poetry, four prose books and a book of essays, and several translations, including two from indigenous African languages. Krog also translated Nelson Mandela's biography, Long Walk to Freedom, into Afrikaans. She regularly translates from Dutch into Afrikaans as a writing exercise. Following the publication of

This is a document about Jane Kitto
  Abba's classic songs, On and on and On and Summer Night City. Afterwards she appeared at Nice Jazz Festival supporting Jacque Higgins followed by a series of shows at Longyearbyen, a town based at the North Pole, with Swedish drummer Mårten Ronsten and Weine Johansson (Baltimoore) on bass. Kitto made a journey to Robben Island just off coast South Africa in 2004, the home of former political prisoner Nelson Mandela and performed a song titled 'Toward the sun' which she and co writer Robert Gale had written based on Mandela's book 'Long walk to freedom'. Kitto also performed the song live on Bush Radio in Cape Town.

This is a document about South African Communist Party
  Long Walk to Freedom, Nelson Mandela famously remarked: "'The cynical have always suggested that the Communists were using us. But who is to say that we were not using them?'" After Mandela's death in 2013, the ANC confirmed that he had been a member of the SACP and served on its central committee. Through the Tripartite Alliance and the sitting of many SACP members on the ANC's NEC, the SACP has wielded influence from within the ANC, often serving as an ideological opposition against the presidency and socio-economic policies of Thabo Mbeki (1999–2008); this became most apparent with the

This is a document about Bring Him Back Home (Nelson Mandela)
  The lyrics of the song visualize Nelson Mandela "walking freely down the streets of South Africa," thus articulating a demand for his release from prison. The lyrics also mention Mandela "walking hand in hand with Winnie Mandela," then his wife. Mandela was in fact released in 1990 and went on a post-freedom tour of North America with Winnie. In Boston, he danced as this song was played after his speech.

This is a document about Pollsmoor Prison
  In the film Long Walk to Freedom Nelson Mandela is transferred from Robben Island to Pollsmoor Prison after serving 18 years on the island.

Mandela wrote "Long Walk to Freedom" in 1994, with the help of Richard Stengel. However, the manuscript was completed in 1993.