Question: where does gulliver land when he is shipwrecked

Answer: Lilliput

This is a document about Gulliver's Travels (2010 film)
  there. Upon arriving in Bermuda, Gulliver rents a ship and travels into the triangle. After falling asleep at the helm of his ship, Gulliver is caught in a freak storm and the ship is overwhelmed by a waterspout. Gulliver washes up unconscious on the shore of Lilliput, where he is immediately confirmed as a "beast" by the town's tiny people. After the citizens claim him to be dangerous because of his size, Gulliver is captured and imprisoned in a cave. There, he meets another prisoner named Horatio who was jailed by General Edward because he loves Princess Mary of Lilliput, despite Edward also pursuing her. After the

This is a document about Gulliver's Travels
 20 June 1702 – 3 June 1706   Gulliver soon sets out again. When the sailing ship Adventure is blown off course by storms and forced to sail for land in search of fresh water, Gulliver is abandoned by his companions and left on a peninsula on the western coast of the North American continent. The grass of Brobdingnag is as tall as a tree. He is then found by a farmer who is about 72 ft (22 m) tall, judging from Gulliver estimating the man's step being 10 yd. The giant farmer brings Gulliver home, and his daughter Glumdalclitch cares for Gulliver. The farmer treats him as a curiosity and exhibits him for money. After a while the constant display makes Gulliver sick, and the farmer sells him to the queen of the realm. Glumdalclitch (who accompanied her father while

This is a document about The 3 Worlds of Gulliver
  In 1699, Dr Lemuel Gulliver is an impoverished surgeon who seeks riches and adventure as a ship's doctor on a voyage around the world. His fiancée Elizabeth strongly wishes for him to settle down, and the two quarrel. Gulliver embarks on the voyage and soon discovers that Elizabeth has stowed away aboard his ship to be near him. A storm develops and sweeps him overboard. Gulliver is washed ashore on Lilliput, a land of tiny humans who see him as a threatening giant. The Lilliputians are afraid of Gulliver and tie him down with stakes to the beach, but he eases their

This is a document about Gulliver's Travels
 4 May 1699 – 13 April 1702 The travel begins with a short preamble in which Lemuel Gulliver gives a brief outline of his life and history before his voyages.  During his first voyage, Gulliver is washed ashore after a shipwreck and finds himself a prisoner of a race of tiny people, less than 6 in tall, who are inhabitants of the island country of Lilliput. After giving assurances of his good behaviour, he is given a residence in Lilliput and becomes a favourite of the Lilliput Royal Court. He is also given permission by the King of Lilliput to go around the city on condition that he must not hurt their subjects. At first, the Lilliputians are hospitable to Gulliver, but they are also wary of the threat that his size poses to them. The Lilliputians reveal themselves to be a people who put great emphasis on

This is a document about Gulliver's Travels
 7 September 1710 – 5 December 1715   Despite his earlier intention of remaining at home, Gulliver returns to sea as the captain of a merchantman, as he is bored with his employment as a surgeon. On this voyage, he is forced to find new additions to his crew who, he believes, have turned against him. His crew then commits mutiny. After keeping him contained for some time, they resolve to leave him on the first piece of land they come across, and continue as pirates. He is abandoned in a landing boat and comes upon a race of deformed savage humanoid creatures to which he conceives a

This is a document about Lilliput and Blefuscu
  Swift gives the location of Lilliput and Blefuscu in Part I of Gulliver's Travels, both in the text and with a map, though neither correspond to real-world geography, even as it was known in Swift's time. The text states that Gulliver's ship (the Antelope) was bound for the East Indies when it was caught in "a violent storm to the northwest of Van Diemen's Land" (Tasmania). He gives the latitude as 30°2'S, though the longitude is unspecified. Likewise, the map depicts Lilliput and Blefuscu south of "Hogs Island" (Simeulue), off northwest Sumatra, and northwest of Van Diemen's Land, though the map is considerably foreshortened; Van Diemen's Land is shown south of the Sunda Strait, some 10°

This is a document about Lemuel Gulliver
  Lilliputians living secretly in the enormous and mysterious grounds of an English country house (Stowe House in Buckinghamshire). In The Temples of Malplaquet, for example, Jamie Thompson (their human protector, aged 13) has a dream-like vision of the episode in which Gulliver is first captured by the Lilliputians. ; In the Gulliver's Travels film released in 2010, Gulliver, played by Jack Black, is a mail room worker who fancies himself a writer but plagiarizes most of his work from the Internet. After Gulliver is assigned to write a story about the Bermuda Triangle, his ship becomes lost at sea and he finds himself in Lilliput.

This is a document about Gulliver's Travels (1977 film)
  The opening sequence in live action shows Gulliver announcing his intention to go to sea as a ship's surgeon, followed by scenes of a shipwreck. The remainder of the film has Harris on Lilliput and Blefuscu, with the tiny inhabitants created by animation. The film ends with a cliffhanger: Having escaped by boat from Lilliput, Gulliver encounters one of the giant inhabitants of Brobdingnag, but there is nothing more about his adventures there or in the other lands mentioned in the novel.

This is a document about Lemuel Gulliver
  (with whom Gulliver has been romantically involved), Dr Syn aka The Scarecrow, Nathaniel Bumppo and Orlando. Gulliver leads the League until his death of testicular cancer in 1799 and is buried in Lilliput. This version of Gulliver is evidently at least a generation younger than Swift's Gulliver; his dates have evidently been shifted forward in time to allow him to interact with other fictional characters of the later 18th century. ; Gulliver is mentioned throughout the recent Malplaquet trilogy of children's novels by Andrew Dalton.  Taking much of their initial inspiration from T.H. White's Mistress Masham's Repose, the books describe the adventures of a large colony

This is a document about Gulliver's Travels
 5 August 1706 – 16 April 1710   Setting out again, Gulliver's ship is attacked by pirates, and he is marooned close to a desolate rocky island near India. He is rescued by the flying island of Laputa, a kingdom devoted to the arts of music, mathematics, and astronomy but unable to use them for practical ends. Rather than using armies, Laputa has a custom of throwing rocks down at rebellious cities on the ground. Gulliver tours Balnibarbi, the kingdom ruled from Laputa, as the guest of a low-ranking courtier and sees the ruin brought about by the blind pursuit of science without practical results, in a satire on bureaucracy

This is a document about The Adventures of Gulliver
  While on a treasure-hunting voyage with his father, Gary Gulliver and his dog Tagg end up shipwrecked on an island. On this island is the kingdom of Lilliput, where its inhabitants have a height of only a few centimeters. Gary and Tagg are caught by the Lilliputians while they are recovering from the shipwreck, but afterwards they become great friends. With the help of the Lilliputians, Gary continues searching for his missing father. (A subplot in the series involves a map that Gary's father left to him after secretly putting it inside Tagg's collar before the shipwreck). The villain of the series is the evil Captain Leech who, in the adventures, is always attempting to steal the map from Gary.

This is a document about Gulliver's Travels (2010 film)
  and is played with by the "little" girl, which ends with him being tucked in bed. Horatio, who has gone to find Gulliver after being spurned by Mary, reveals to Gulliver that Darcy was imprisoned by the Blefuscians after she was lost in the Bermuda Triangle in the same manner as Gulliver. Gulliver narrowly escapes with him, using a parachute that he took from the skeleton of a dead U.S. Air Force pilot sitting in the dollhouse. Once again accepting a duel from Edward, this time not only for Lilliput's freedom but for its fate as well – as Edward threatens to destroy it should Gulliver fail

This is a document about Glubbdubdrib
  The location of Glubdubdrib is illustrated in both the text and the map at the beginning of part III of Gulliver's Travels, though they are not consistent with each other. The map shows Glubdubdrib to be southwest of the port of Maldonada on the southwest coast of Luggnagg, while the text states the island is southwest of Balnibarbi, and Maldonada to be a port of that land.

This is a document about Gulliver's Travels (miniseries)
  conspires to have Gulliver detained at a mental institution, suggesting Gulliver has dementia. Mary goes to visit Gulliver there; on one of these visits Tom enters Bates' home office and finds Gulliver's travel satchel, containing his journal and a Lilliputian sheep, corroborating his story. Bates attempts to burn the journal. Over time Bates exerts enough influence over Mary to stop her hospital visits; Tom, on the other hand, recovers the damaged journal and hides it in his room. At the mental institution, Gulliver continues to spin his tale. His Lilliputian raft crashes in Brobdingnag, a land populated by Giants. He is found by Farmer Grultrud (Ned Beatty) who exhibits him as a crop guardian.

This is a document about Gulliver's Travels (2010 film)
  Deeply depressed at his dead-end job in the mail room of a New York City newspaper, Lemuel Gulliver decides to impress journalist Darcy Silverman. He convinces her he could write a report about his (false) extensive world "travels" saying his dream is to become a writer. After suffering writer's block and thinking that Darcy will not want to hang out with a "guy from the mailroom", Gulliver plagiarises a report from other publications on the internet. The next day, Darcy, impressed by his writing, presents Gulliver with a new task – to travel to the Bermuda Triangle and write an article about the legends of ships mysteriously

This is a document about Another Shore
  greater injury. They go to a bar together. They appear to have parallel dreams except Gulliver seeks Rarotonga and the man wishes Tahiti. They meet a third time in a lawyers office when the man goes to bewail the loss of his wife: running away with his chauffeur. A plan to go together to the South Seas is formulated to the dismay of Jennifer. On the way to the boat their car crashes on Grafton Street. Gulliver breaks his arm. Jennifer arrives and her friend Yellow takes Gulliver's place on the trip. Gulliver stays with Jennifer who he marries with Gulliver returning to his job.

This is a document about The New Gulliver
  finds himself in the world described in the book. In the dream, Petya travels by ship, but during sailing, his vessel is attacked by pirates. Together with three captives, the boy fights with them and wins, but at this moment, the pirate ship crashes into the rocks. The teenager recovers ashore, surrounded and tied up by Liliputians. He is put to sleep with a potion. At this time in the parliament, there is a debate on what to do with the new Gulliver. Ministers on behalf of the king make the decision to use Gulliver for military purposes. The boy is transported to the city by means of 15 tractors and a special

This is a document about Gulliver's Travels (miniseries)
  virtues, form a council and decide that Gulliver must leave. With sadness, Gulliver departs the island and is rescued by a Portuguese ship, against his will. Gulliver is subjected to a medical evaluation while he relates his Houyhnhnm experience. Mary, having witnessed the hearing, supports her husband against Bates' accusations and questions his motives for keeping Gulliver in the hospital. Gulliver's son enters the court room showing the small Lilliputian sheep Gulliver took care of. With this proof of his story, Gulliver is released. Bates goes abroad soon after and is not heard from again. Gulliver struggles against re-becoming like a Yahoo, and shares what he is now as a person.

This is a document about Gulliver's Travels (miniseries)
  Long missing and believed dead, Lemuel Gulliver (Ted Danson) is found in the stables of his own home one morning by his wife Mary (Mary Steenburgen) and son Tom (Tom Sturridge). He narrates what is received as a tall tale that begins with being shipwrecked on an island of tiny people called Lilliput, shown as flashbacks, while Gulliver also hallucinates some of the persons and events he witnessed. Gulliver explains the strange customs of Lilliput, such as selecting government officials by jumping over and going under a stick held by the Emperor of Lilliput (Peter O'Toole). Gulliver is presented to the Empress of Lilliput (Phoebe Nicholls) and is asked to fight a war against

This is a document about Gulliver's Travels (1939 film)
  On November 5, 1699, Lemuel Gulliver washes onto the beach of Lilliput after a storm at sea and ultimate shipwreck. Following the calm of the storm, the town crier Gabby stumbles across Gulliver in terror ("All's Well") and rushes back to Lilliput to warn King Little of a "giant on the beach". As this is happening, King Little of Lilliput and King Bombo of Blefescu are signing a wedding contract between their children, Princess Glory and Prince David of Blefuscu, respectively. All is fine until an argument starts over which national anthem is to be played at the wedding; the anthem of Lilliput ("Faithful") or the anthem

Gulliver lands on the island of Lilliput after being shipwrecked.


Question: where was the first bank established in the world

Answer: 3200

This is a document about History of banking
  The history of banking began with the first prototype banks which were the merchants of the world, who gave grain loans to farmers and traders who carried goods between cities. This was around 2000 BC in Assyria, India and Sumeria. Later, in ancient Greece and during the Roman Empire, lenders based in temples gave loans, while accepting deposits and performing the change of money. Archaeology from this period in ancient China and India also shows evidence of money lending. Many of histories position the crucial historical development of a banking system to medieval and Renaissance Italy and particularly the affluent cities of Florence, Venice and Genoa. The Bardi and Peruzzi Families dominated banking in 14th century Florence, establishing branches in many other parts of Europe. The most famous Italian bank was the Medici Bank, established by Giovanni Medici in 1397. The oldest bank still

This is a document about Banking in Italy
  The origins of modern banking can be traced to medieval and early Italian Renaissance, to the rich cities in the north like Florence, Lucca, Siena, Venice and Genoa. The Bardi and Peruzzi families dominated banking in 14th-century Florence, establishing branches in many other parts of Europe. One of the most famous Italian banks was the Medici Bank, set up by Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici in 1397. The earliest known state deposit bank, Banco di San Giorgio (Bank of St. George), was founded in 1407 at Genoa, Italy, while Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena, founded in 1472, is the oldest surviving bank in the world. In 1893, following the Banca Romana

This is a document about Bank of Bombay (1720)
  The Bank of Bombay was the first bank founded in India, in 1720, and lasted until 1770. The Bank is one of the two oldest Banks in India, along with the Bank of Hindostan.

This is a document about Finance
   The origin of finance can be traced to the start of civilization. The earliest historical evidence of finance is dated to around 3000 BC. Banking originated in the Babylonian empire, where temples and palaces were used as safe places for the storage of valuables. Initially, the only valuable that could be deposited was grain, but cattle and precious materials were eventually included. During the same period, the Sumerian city of Uruk in Mesopotamia supported trade by lending as well as the use of interest. In Sumerian, “interest” was mas, which translates to "calf". In Greece and Egypt, the words used for interest, tokos and ms respectively, meant “to give birth”. In these cultures, interest

This is a document about History of banking
  existence is Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena, headquartered in Siena, Italy, which has been operating continuously since 1472. Until the end of 2019, the oldest bank still in operation was the Banco di Napoli headquartered in Naples, Italy which had been operating since 1463. Development of banking spread from northern Italy throughout the Holy Roman Empire, and in the 15th and 16th century to northern Europe. This was followed by a number of important innovations that took place in Amsterdam during the Dutch Republic in the 17th century, and in London since the 18th century. During the 20th century, developments in telecommunications and computing caused major changes to banks' operations and let banks dramatically increase in size and geographic spread. The financial crisis of 2007–2008 caused many bank failures, including some of the world's largest banks, and provoked much debate about bank regulation.

This is a document about Italophilia
  in many other parts of Europe. Perhaps the most famous Italian bank was the Medici bank, established by Giovanni Medici in 1397. The development of banking spread from northern Italy through Europe during the early Renaissance and helped create modern capitalism. Luca Pacioli is referred to as the "Father of Accounting" The Bank of Saint George (Casa delle compere e dei banchi di San Giorgio) was a bank of the Republic of Genoa, which was the main financer of the voyages of Columbus to the New World by Spain, founded in the 14th century. It is the oldest chartered bank in Europe and the world.

This is a document about Bank
  The present era of banking can be traced to medieval and early Renaissance Italy, to the rich cities in the centre and north like Florence, Lucca, Siena, Venice and Genoa. The Bardi and Peruzzi families dominated banking in 14th-century Florence, establishing branches in many other parts of Europe. Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici set up one of the most famous Italian banks, the Medici Bank, in 1397. The Republic of Genoa founded the earliest-known state deposit bank, Banco di San Giorgio (Bank of St. George), in 1407 at Genoa, Italy.

This is a document about Bank of Venice
  The Bank of Venice was the first national bank to have been established within the boundaries of Europe. The first bank was established in Venice with guarantee from the State in 1157. According to Macardy this was due to the commercial agency of the Venetians, acting in the interest of the Crusaders of Pope Urban II. The reason is given elsewhere as due to costs of the expansion of the empire under Doge Vitale II Michiel, and to relieve the subsequent financial burden on the republic "a forced loan" was made necessary. To this end the Chamber of Loans, was created to manage the affairs of the forced loan, as to the loans repayment at four percent interest. and continued until the bank was caused to cease to operate during the French invasion of 1797.

This is a document about Banca Monte Parma
  The bank was founded in Parma in 1488 as Mons Pietatis Almae Civitatis Parmae by Bernardine of Feltre, in order to combat usury – he was known for his violent anti-Judaism. This makes it one of the oldest banks in the world.

This is a document about History of banking
  Trapezitica is the first source documenting banking (de Soto – p. 41). The speeches of Demosthenes contain numerous references to the issuing of credit (Millett p. 5). Xenophon is credited to have made the first suggestion of the creation of an organisation known in the modern definition as a joint-stock bank in On Revenues written circa 353 BCE The city-states of Greece after the Persian Wars produced a government and culture sufficiently organized for the birth of a private citizenship and therefore an embryonic capitalist society, allowing for the separation of wealth from exclusive state ownership to the possibility of ownership by the individual. According to one source (Dandamaev et al.), trapezites were the first to trade using money, during the 5th century BCE, as opposed to earlier trade which occurred using forms of pre-money.

This is a document about Trinidad and Tobago dollar
  the nineteenth century. The abolition of slavery in the West Indies was the catalyst which led to the establishing of the first bank. The Colonial Bank was established on 1 June 1836, and opened its first branch in Trinidad in 1837 under the management of Anthony Cumming. Its initial mandate was to use Spanish and Mexican dollars as its official currency, and it was required to make all payments in those currencies, but incoming payments could be made in any currency, and the bank often found that it was short of dollars. The bank therefore lobbied the government, seeking permission to issue money in other currencies. This resulted in an imperial order-in-council in

This is a document about List of Dutch inventions and innovations
  bank to "offer accounts not directly convertible to coin", the Bank of Amsterdam (Amsterdamsche Wisselbank or literally Amsterdam Exchange Bank) established in 1609 is considered to be the precursor to modern central banks, if not the first true central bank. The Wisselbank's innovations helped lay the foundations for the birth and development of modern central banking systems. There were earlier banks, especially in the Italian city-states, but the Wisselbank, with its public backing, provided for a scale of operations and stability hitherto unmatched. Along with a number of subsidiary local banks, it performed many of modern-day central banking functions. The model of the Wisselbank as a state bank was adapted throughout Europe, including the Bank of Sweden (1668) and the Bank of England (1694). It occupied

This is a document about List of oldest banks in continuous operation
   This list of the oldest banks includes financial institutions in continuous operation, operating with the same legal identity without interruption since their establishment until the present time. Depending on the definition, the world's oldest bank is either Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena or Berenberg Bank. Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena was founded in its present form in 1624, but traces its history to a mount of piety founded in 1472. The Berenberg company was founded in 1590 and has operated continuously ever since with the same family as owners or major co-owners. Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena is today a large Italian retail bank, while Berenberg Bank is primarily involved in investment banking and private banking for wealthy customers; in any event Berenberg Bank is the world's oldest merchant bank or investment bank. The world's oldest central bank is the Sveriges Riksbank, which was founded in 1668.

This is a document about History of Genoa
  Asia Minor colonies to the Ottoman Empire. In the 15th century two of the earliest banks in the world were founded in Genoa: the Bank of Saint George, founded in 1407, which was the oldest chartered bank in the world at its closure in 1805 and the Banca Carige, founded in 1483 as a mount of piety, which still exists. Genoa was able to stabilise its position as it moved into the 16th century, particularly as a result of the efforts of Doge Andrea Doria, who granted a new constitution in 1528 that made Genoa a satellite of the Spanish Empire

This is a document about List of Dutch discoveries
  was arguably the world's first central bank. The Wisselbank's innovations helped lay the foundations for the birth and development of the central banking system that now plays a vital role in the world's economy. It occupied a central position in the financial world of its day, providing an effective, efficient and trusted system for national and international payments, and introduced the first ever international reserve currency, the bank guilder. Lucien Gillard (2004) calls it the European guilder (le florin européen), and Adam Smith devotes many pages to explaining how the bank guilder works (Smith 1776: 446–55). The model of the Wisselbank as a state bank was

This is a document about List of Dutch explorations
  was arguably the world's first central bank. The Wisselbank's innovations helped lay the foundations for the birth and development of the central banking system that now plays a vital role in the world's economy. It occupied a central position in the financial world of its day, providing an effective, efficient and trusted system for national and international payments, and introduced the first ever international reserve currency, the bank guilder. Lucien Gillard (2004) calls it the European guilder (le florin européen), and Adam Smith devotes many pages to explaining how the bank guilder works (Smith 1776: 446–55). The model of the Wisselbank as a state bank was

This is a document about Economy of Italy
  The origins of modern banking can be traced to medieval and early Renaissance Italy, to the rich cities like Florence, Lucca, Siena, Venice and Genoa. The Bardi and Peruzzi families dominated banking in 14th-century Florence, establishing branches in many other parts of Europe. One of the most famous Italian banks was the Medici Bank, set up by Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici in 1397. The earliest known state deposit bank, the Bank of Saint George, was founded in 1407 in Genoa, while Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena, founded in 1472, is the oldest surviving bank in the world. Today, among the financial services companies, UniCredit is one of the largest bank in Europe by capitalization and Assicurazioni Generali is second largest insurance group in the world by revenue after AXA. The following is a list of the main Italian banks and insurance groups ranked by total assets and gross premiums written.

This is a document about Financial history of the Dutch Republic
  the earliest book about stock trading. ; The establishment of the Bank of Amsterdam (Amsterdamsche Wisselbank), often considered to be the first historical model of the central bank,  in 1609. The birth of the Amsterdamsche Wisselbank led to the introduction of the concept of bank money. Along with a number of subsidiary local banks, it performed many functions of a central banking system.     It occupied a central position in the financial world of its day, providing an effective, efficient and trusted system for national and international payments, and introduced the first ever international reserve currency, the bank guilder. Lucien Gillard calls it the European guilder

This is a document about History of banking
  Banking as an archaic activity (or quasi-banking ) is thought to have begun at various times, during a period as early as the latter part of the 4th millennium BCE, to within the 4th to 3rd millennia BCE Prior to the reign of Sargon I of Akkad (2335–2280 BCE ) the occurrence of trade was limited to the internal boundaries of each city-state of Babylon and the temple located at the centre of economic activity therein; trade at the time for citizens external to the city was forbidden. In Babylonia of 2000 BCE, people depositing gold were required to pay amounts as much as one sixtieth

This is a document about History of banking
 1100 – Knights Templar run earliest European wide/Mideast banking until the 14th century. ; 1397 – The Medici Bank of Florence is established in Italy and operates until 1494. ; 1542 – The Great Debasement, the English Crown's policy of coin debasement during the reigns of Henry VIII and Edward VI. ; 1553 – The first joint-stock company, the Company of Merchant Adventurers to New Lands, was chartered in London. ; 1602 – The Amsterdam Stock Exchange was established by the Dutch East India Company for dealings in its printed stocks and bonds. ; 1609 – The Amsterdamsche Wisselbank (Amsterdam Exchange Bank) was

The first bank is believed to have been established in Sumeria around 3000 BC. However, the first bank in the modern sense, with the ability to issue loans and accept deposits, was likely the Bank of Genoa, which was founded in 1407. The oldest surviving bank in the world is Banco di San Giorgio in Genoa, Italy, which was established in 1407.


Question: what year did the first love island start

Answer: summer of 2005

This is a document about Love Island (American TV series)
  Love Island opened with a 90-minute premiere on July 9, 2019, and aired every weeknight through August 7, 2019, for a total of twenty-two episodes in its first season. In addition to the CBS broadcasts, the series is simulcast on CTV in Canada.

This is a document about Love Island (2015 TV series, series 1)
  The first series of Love Island began on 7 June 2015 with a live special of the show hosted by Caroline Flack on ITV2, and ended on 15 July 2015. It is the first from the revived series, but third overall. The series was narrated by Iain Stirling. The series aired every night of the week except Friday, however the Saturday episode was used as a weekly catch-up entitled Love Island: The Weekly Hot List rather than a nightly highlights episode. The average viewers for this series was 570,000. On 15 July 2015 the series was won by Jess Hayes and Max Morley, with Hannah Elizabeth and Jon Clark as runners-up. Islander Jon Clark later went onto appear as a cast member in The Only Way Is Essex, whilst both Josh Ritchie and Max Morley made appearances in Ex on the Beach. After finishing in fourth place, Cally and Luis became the first couple to have a baby as they welcomed their first child in May 2017.

This is a document about Love Island (2015 TV series, series 2)
  On Valentine's Day, 14 February 2016, it was confirmed that Love Island would return for a second series due to air later in the year. On 18 May 2016 it was confirmed that the series would begin on 30 May 2016, but had scrapped the live eliminations. A one-minute trailer for the series aired on 23 May 2016. Pictures of the villa were unveiled on 28 May 2016. The villa is located in Mallorca with 69 cameras watching the Islanders' every move. It only includes double beds forcing them to share with each other, but has a special Hideaway bedroom for couples to spend the night away from the others.

This is a document about Love Island (American season 1)
  The first season of the American version of the television reality program Love Island began airing on July 9, 2019, and concluded on August 7, 2019. The 22-episode series was broadcast on CBS in the United States and CTV in Canada. Arielle Vandenberg hosted the series while Matthew Hoffman provided voice-over narration. On August 7, 2019, having received the largest quantity of votes from the public, Zac Mirabelli and Elizabeth Weber were crowned the winners and split the US$100000 prize. Dylan Curry and Alexandra Stewart were named the runners-up. The show's first season generally received mixed reviews from critics and its ratings were not as high as CBS's expectations. The series was renewed for a second season before the first had finished airing.

This is a document about Love Island (2015 TV series, series 3)
  On Valentine's Day, 14 February 2017, it was confirmed that Love Island would return for a third series due to air later in the year, The first trailer for the new series began airing on 28 April 2017. On 24 May 2017 it was confirmed that the series would begin on 5 June 2017. Pictures of the brand new villa were unveiled on 2 June 2017. The villa is located in Mallorca.

This is a document about Love Island (franchise)
  Love Island is a dating reality show that originated in the United Kingdom in 2005 as Celebrity Love Island. Created by ITV Studios, it has spawned a second British version in 2015 as well as several international versions. The show features a group of single contestants, known as "islanders" who live together in a specially constructed villa that is isolated from the outside world, in an attempt to find love. The islanders are continuously monitored during their stay in the house by live television cameras as well as personal audio microphones. Throughout the series, the contestants "couple up" to avoid being dumped from the villa. Additionally, the public will vote for their favourite islanders to stay in the villa at points in the series. As old islanders are dumped, new islanders enter the villa. At the end of the season, the public vote one final time to determine the winning couple.

This is a document about Love Island (2015 TV series, series 1)
  The Islanders for the first series were revealed on 2 June 2015, just days before the launch. However, throughout the series, more Islanders entered the villa to find love. Some Islanders were dumped from the island for either failing to couple up, some were voted off by their fellow Islanders, and others for receiving the fewest votes in public eliminations. The series was won by Jess and Max on 15 July 2015 after receiving 42% of the final vote, beating Hannah and Jon who received 36%, Lauren and Josh with 12%, and finally Cally and Luis who just received 10%.

This is a document about Love Island (American season 3)
  CBS announced that Love Island had been renewed for a third season on January 27, 2021, with Vandenberg confirmed to return as host on the same day. On May 13, 2021, it was announced that the season would be premiering on July 7, 2021, after the premiere of the twenty-third season of Big Brother.

This is a document about Love Island Australia (season 1)
  The first season of Love Island Australia began airing on 27 May 2018 9Go! and 9Now presented by Sophie Monk and narrated by Eoghan McDermott. The final aired on 5 July 2018, with Grant Crapp and Tayla Damir winning and sharing the $50,000 prize money. Eden Dally and Erin Barnett finished as runners up.

This is a document about Love Island Australia
  Love Island involves a group of contestants, referred to as Islanders, living in isolation from the outside world in a villa, and constantly under video surveillance. They are allowed to use their phones for the sole reason of receiving texts from producers, alerting them of upcoming dates and activities. To survive in the villa the Islanders must be coupled up with another Islander, whether it be for love, friendship, survival or money, as the overall winning couple receives $50,000. On the first day, the Islanders couple up for the first time based on first impressions, but over the duration of the series, they are forced to "re-couple" where they can choose to remain in their current couple or swap and change. It is common for Islanders to strategically choose their partner

This is a document about Love Island (2015 TV series)
  Love Island involves a group of contestants, referred to as Islanders, living in isolation from the outside world in a villa in Mallorca, constantly under video surveillance. To survive in the villa the Islanders must be coupled up with another Islander, whether it be for love, friendship or money, as the overall winning couple receives a combined $50,000. On the first day, the Islanders couple up for the first time based on first impressions, but over the duration of the series they are forced to "re-couple" where they can choose to remain in their current couple or swap partners. Any Islander who remains single after

This is a document about Love Island Australia (season 2)
  Love Island involves a group of contestants, referred to as Islanders (in the show) living in isolation from the outside world in a villa in [Fiji], constantly under video surveillance. To survive in the villa the Islanders must be coupled up with another Islander, whether it be for love, friendship or money, as the overall winning couple receives $50,000. On the first day, the Islanders couple up for the first time based on first impressions, but over the duration of the series, they are forced to "re-couple" where they can choose to remain in their current couple or swap and change. Any Islander who remains single after the coupling is eliminated and dumped from the

This is a document about Love Island Australia (season 3)
  Love Island involves a group of contestants, referred to as Islanders (in the show) living in isolation from the outside world in a villa in Byron Bay, constantly under video surveillance. To survive in the villa the Islanders must be coupled up with another Islander, whether it be for love, friendship or money, as the overall winning couple receives $50,000. On the first day, the Islanders couple up for the first time based on first impressions, but over the duration of the series, they are forced to "re-couple" where they can choose to remain in their current couple or swap and change. Any Islander who remains single after the coupling

This is a document about Over 10 Years
  FT Island debuted on June 7, 2007, with the album, Cheerful Sensibility, and its lead title, "Love Sick." Since then the band has grown in fame, being referred to as "Korea's first ever K-pop idol band." On May 21, 2017, FNC Entertainment announced that FT Island would be releasing an album to commemorate their tenth anniversary on June 7, coinciding with their original debut date. On May 23, the band opened up a website to share their tenth anniversary promotions, as well as the news of a remake of "Love Sick," scheduled for release on May 28. On the day "Love Sick" released, FT Island revealed the album and its title, showing a comeback schedule on Twitter.

This is a document about Love Island (American TV series)
  On February 22, 2006, it was announced that an American version of Celebrity Love Island was in development at MyNetworkTV, but the show was not produced. On August 8, 2018, it was reported that CBS acquired the rights to an American non-celebrity version of the series from ITV Studios and Motion Content Group with David George, Adam Sher, and David Eilenberg serving as executive producers. Simon Thomas, Mandy Morris, Ben Thursby, Richard Foster, and Chet Fenster later joined the series as additional executive producers in addition to the original three. Arielle Vandenberg was later announced to be hosting the series. The first season of Love Island ran from July 9, 2019, to August 7, 2019. The show was renewed for a second season on August 1, 2019, while the first season was still being broadcast. On January 27, 2021, it was announced that the show was renewed for a third season, this time taking place in Hawaii. On May 13, 2021, it was announced that the third season will premiere on July 7, 2021.

This is a document about Shipwrecked (TV series)
  The first series, which began two days before the launch of BBC One's rival reality show Castaway 2000, ran from 30 December 1999 to 2 March 2000. In the series, a group of young British contestants were stranded in the Cook Islands. The format saw 16 18- to 24-year-olds stranded on Moturakau for 68 days and 67 nights, when they were eventually picked up by a sailing boat. The 16 contestants were Elliot Dell, Dan Woodrow, Jack Krelle, Jessica Pearson, William, Rachel, Megane Quashie, Mandy Dassa, Star Hart, Lisa Norton, David, Jen, Ashna, Simon Babbage (Crusoe), Darrell (Paddy), Will Chapman, and Andy. By the end there were only seven contestants left on the island; the others had departed to have fun on the

This is a document about Love Island Australia (season 1)
  Love Island involves a group of contestants, referred to as Islanders, living in isolation from the outside world in a villa in Mallorca, Spain, constantly under video surveillance. To survive in the villa the Islanders must be coupled up with another Islander, whether it be for love, friendship or money, as the overall winning couple receives a combined $50,000. On the first day, the Islanders couple up for the first time based on first impressions, but over the duration of the series they are forced to "re-couple" where they can choose to remain in their current couple or swap partners. Any Islander who remains single after the coupling is eliminated and dumped from the island. Islanders can also be eliminated via public vote, as during the series the public vote through the Love Island app available on smartphones for their favourite couple or prospective couple. Pairs who receive the fewest votes risk being eliminated. Often a twist has occurred where it has been up to the Islanders to vote one of their own off the island. During the final week, the public vote towards which couple they want to win the series and therefore take home $50,000.

This is a document about Love Island (American TV series)
  Love Island (stylized as love island and also known as Love Island USA outside of the U.S. ) is an American dating reality show based on the British series Love Island. The series was announced and commissioned on August 8, 2018, by CBS. It premiered on July 9, 2019, on CBS. The series is simulcast in Canada on CTV, with the second season also airing in Australia on the 9Now streaming platform. In the United Kingdom, it also airs on ITVBe in 2019 then later ITV2 in 2020. ITVBe acquired its third season. On August 1, 2019, the show was renewed for a second season and was originally scheduled to premiere on May 21, 2020. However, due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, the production was postponed. The second season production moved to the Cromwell Las Vegas with strict quarantine measures in place. It premiered on August 24, 2020. On January 27, 2021, the series was renewed for a third season which is filmed in Hawaii. The third season premiered on July 7, 2021.

This is a document about Love Island (2015 TV series)
  to make Love Island this summer but logistically it's just not possible to produce it in a way that safeguards the wellbeing of everyone involved and that for us is the priority. In normal circumstances we would be preparing very soon to travel out to the location in Mallorca to get the villa ready but clearly that's now out of the question." It was later confirmed that the show would not be airing a winter version of the series in 2021 due to uncertainties regarding the pandemic and international travel. On 4 March 2021, ITV confirmed that Love Island would return in the summer after an 18-month hiatus.

This is a document about Love Island (American season 1)
  Love Island is a reality television program in which a group of contestants, who are referred to as "Islanders", are living in a villa in Fiji. The Islanders are cut off from the outside world and are under constant video surveillance. To survive in the villa, the Islanders must be in a relationship with another Islander. The Islanders couple up for the first time on first impressions but they are later forced to "re-couple" at special ceremonies in which they can choose to remain with their current partners or to switch partners. At the villa, the couples must share a bed for sleeping and are permitted to talk with other Islanders

The first Love Island aired in the United Kingdom in 2015.


Question: who played catwoman in the tv show batman

Answer: Julie Newmar

This is a document about Batman (TV series)
  Batman. One affiliate refused to air the series. The network insisted it needed the extra advertising revenue. The Joker, the Penguin, the Riddler, Catwoman, Mr. Freeze, and the Mad Hatter, villains who originated in the comic books, all appeared in the series, the plots for which were deliberately villain-driven. According to the producers, Frank Gorshin was selected to portray Riddler due to the fact that he was a Batman fan since childhood. Catwoman was portrayed by three different actresses during the series run: by Julie Newmar in the first two seasons, by Lee Meriwether in the feature film based on the series, and by Eartha Kitt in the third and final season. The show was extraordinarily popular, and was considered "the biggest TV phenomenon of the mid-1960s".

This is a document about Catwoman
  Catwoman made her live-action debut in the 1966 Batman television series, portrayed by Julie Newmar; she was also portrayed by Lee Meriweather in the film adaptation and Eartha Kitt in the third season. The character later appeared in Tim Burton's Batman Returns, portrayed by Michelle Pfeiffer. A solo Catwoman was released in 2004 in which she was portrayed by Halle Berry. Anne Hathaway portrayed the character in Christopher Nolan's The Dark Knight Rises. Zoë Kravitz was recently cast in the upcoming The Batman. Catwoman has also appeared in the television series Gotham (2014–2019), in which she was portrayed by Cameron Bicondova and Lili Simmons (adult).

This is a document about Batman (1966 film)
  Harriet, the Joker, the Penguin, and the Riddler all reprised their roles. Though Julie Newmar had at this point played Catwoman in two episodes of season one in the TV series, she had other commitments at that time and was replaced by Lee Meriwether in the film. According to the Biography special Catwoman: Her Many Lives, aired on July 20, 2004, Newmar was unable to reprise her role because of a back injury. Catwoman was nonetheless played by Newmar once again in the following eleven episodes of season two of the series; Eartha Kitt would then play Catwoman in three episodes of season three. Jack LaLanne has a cameo as a man on a rooftop with bikini-clad women.

This is a document about Catwoman in other media
  Catwoman is a fictional character appearing in Batman #1. After her debut she would appear in many forms of media appearing in the Batman TV series and its film adaption, Batman Returns, the critically acclaimed Batman: The Animated Series, the critically panned film Catwoman, the critical and financial hit film The Dark Knight Rises, the upcoming 2022 film The Batman, and the popular Batman: Arkham series, among others. Also she makes an appearance in Batman VS Superman. She has been portrayed by Julie Newmar, Lee Meriwether, Eartha Kitt, Michelle Pfeiffer, Halle Berry, Anne Hathaway, Camren Bicondova, Lili Simmons and Zoë Kravitz, and has been voiced by Adrienne Barbeau, Grey DeLisle, and numerous others.

This is a document about Catwoman in other media
   Catwoman in the 1966 live-action television series Batman is portrayed by Julie Newmar and Eartha Kitt. Newmar portrayed Catwoman in the first and second season, and Kitt portrayed her in the third season. The feature film credits Lee Meriwether as both Catwoman and Miss Kitka. All three Catwoman incarnations are described by comic writer, Marc Andreyko, in an afterword to a Batman '66 Meets Wonder Woman '77 omnibus, as being akin to a "Darrin-in-Bewitched bit of silent recasting" and his colleague, co-writer Jeff Parker, liked how their story "leaves no one out and the readers got it immediately", thus reflecting how the change of actress was never specifically

This is a document about Return to the Batcave: The Misadventures of Adam and Burt
  Apart from West and Ward, a number of actors from the original series also appeared in the film. This includes Frank Gorshin, who played the Riddler, Julie Newmar, who played Catwoman for the first two seasons of the show and Lee Meriwether, who played Catwoman in the Batman theatrical film. Gorshin and Newmar appear as themselves, while Meriwether appears as a waitress. Due to licensing problems involving the original TV series, the makers of this film were only allowed to use footage from the 1966 Batman feature film. As a result, Lee Meriwether's rendition of Catwoman is the only one seen in archive footage in this film (even during a musical sequence intended to pay tribute to Newmar). Zambia-born actress Julia Rose plays the young Julie Newmar and gets to briefly don the Catwoman costume. Jason Marsden, who plays the young Burt Ward/Robin, has

This is a document about Catwoman in other media
  Catwoman is portrayed by Michelle Pfeiffer in the 1992 feature film Batman Returns. Re-created by Daniel Waters, the character is based on the Selina Kyle from "Catwoman: Her Sister's Keeper". Annette Bening was originally cast in the role but dropped out due to pregnancy. Other actresses including Nicole Kidman, Madonna, Jennifer Beals, Lorraine Bracco and Demi Moore were all linked to the role, and actress Sean Young campaigned heavily to get it (even turning up to Warner Bros. Studios in a homemade Catwoman suit). When it was suggested to Tim Burton that Michelle Pfeiffer was interested, something clicked to the

This is a document about Selina Kyle (1989 film series character)
  cast as Catwoman based on the strength of her performance in The Grifters, but Bening had to drop out of the film due to becoming pregnant. Sean Young, who was originally chosen for Vicki Vale in the previous film, believed the role should have gone to her, and she visited the production offices dressed in a homemade Catwoman costume, demanding to be considered. Susan Sarandon, Meryl Streep, Brooke Shields, Demi Moore, Nicole Kidman (who ended up playing Dr. Chase Meridian in Batman Forever), Jodie Foster, Geena Davis, Sigourney Weaver, Lena Olin, singer Madonna, Raquel Welch, Cher, Ellen Barkin, Jennifer Jason Leigh, Lorraine Bracco,Bridget Fonda, & Jennifer Beals also either sought

This is a document about Catwoman
  antiheroine, often doing the wrong things for the right reasons. The character thrived since her earliest appearances, but she took an extended hiatus from September 1954 to November 1966 due to the developing Comics Code Authority in 1954. These issues involved the rules regarding the development and portrayal of female characters that were in violation of the Comics Code, a code which is no longer in use. In the comics, Holly Robinson and Eiko Hasigawa have both adopted the Catwoman identity, apart from Selina Kyle. Catwoman has been featured in many media adaptations related to Batman. Actresses Julie Newmar, Lee Meriwether, and Eartha Kitt introduced her to a large audience in the 1960s Batman television series and the 1966 Batman film. Michelle Pfeiffer portrayed the character in 1992's Batman Returns.

This is a document about Catwoman in other media
  Catwoman appears in the 2019 animated series DC Super Hero Girls, voiced by Cree Summer impersonating the late Eartha Kitt.

This is a document about Selina Kyle (1989 film series character)
  Selina Kyle, commonly known as Catwoman, is a fictional character who appears in Tim Burton's Batman film series and is based on the DC Comics character of the same name. She is portrayed by American actress Michelle Pfeiffer, often considered to be one of Pfeiffer's finest performances, even though she regarded it as one of her most uncomfortable, due to the sheer discomfort and inhibitions she suffered through while wearing the costume. When Batman Returns was released in June 1992, the performance caused a sensation, receiving critical acclaim and numerous accolades, and is consistently referred to as the greatest portrayal of Catwoman of all time by critics and fans.

This is a document about Catwoman (film)
  Catwoman is a 2004 American superhero film loosely based on the DC Comics character Catwoman. It was directed by Pitof and written by John Rogers, John Brancato and Michael Ferris from a story by Theresa Rebeck, Brancato and Ferris, with music by Klaus Badelt. The film stars Halle Berry as Catwoman, plus Benjamin Bratt, Lambert Wilson, Frances Conroy, Alex Borstein, and Sharon Stone in supporting roles. The film centers on Patience Phillips, a meek designer who discovers a conspiracy within the cosmetics company she works for that involves a dangerous product which could cause widespread health problems. After being discovered and murdered by the conspirators, she is revived by Egyptian cats that grant her superhuman cat-like abilities, allowing her to become the crime-fighting superheroine Catwoman, while

This is a document about Michelle Pfeiffer
  portrayal of the eccentric Dallas housewife, she earned nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actress and the Golden Globe for Best Actress – Drama and won the Silver Bear for Best Actress at the 43rd Berlin International Film Festival. Pfeiffer took on the role of Selina Kyle / Catwoman in Tim Burton's superhero film Batman Returns (1992), opposite Michael Keaton and Danny DeVito, after Annette Bening dropped out due to pregnancy. For the role, she trained in martial arts and kickboxing. Pfeiffer received universal critical acclaim for the role, and her performance is consistently referred to as the greatest portrayal of Catwoman of all time by critics

This is a document about Catwoman in other media
  Catwoman was first adapted to television animation by Filmation, for the 1968 series The Batman/Superman Hour. The character design and aspects adapted were similar to those used in the previous live-action television series: a focus on the character in costume, lack of a backstory, and use of the then-current green catsuit. Like the live action TV series, Catwoman behaved like many of her villainous counterparts (Joker, Riddler), by speaking in puns and hiring henchmen who wore outfits similar to hers. Jane Webb was cast to provide the voice for the character. Filmation returned to the character in 1977 for the animated series The New Adventures of Batman, where Melendy Britt was cast to voice the character in four episodes. Again, no backstory or alter ego were presented within the episodes. The yellow and orange costume design used was unique to the series.

This is a document about Catwoman in other media
   The first feature film to include an adaptation of Catwoman was Batman, produced immediately after production of the first season of the 1966 television series of the same name. When the producers realized that Julie Newmar would be unavailable due to prior commitments, they cast Lee Meriwether to portray the character. Return to the Batcave: The Misadventures of Adam and Burt, a television film which aired in 2003, was a semi-documentary of the production of the 1966 television series and film. It featured dramatizations one of which included Julia Rose portraying a young Julie Newmar on set in character as Catwoman. Newmar and Meriwether also appeared in the film.

This is a document about Catwoman in other media
  & Batman: The Brave and the Bold, with Nika Futterman reprising her role. ; Selina Kyle appears in the animated Gotham by Gaslight adaptation, voiced by Jennifer Carpenter, with Grey Griffin as her singing voice. ; Catwoman appears in the anime film Batman Ninja, voiced by Ai Kakuma and Grey Griffin in Japanese and English respectively. ; Catwoman appears in the animated film Batman: Hush, voiced by Jennifer Morrison. ; Catwoman appears in the two-part animated film Batman: The Long Halloween voiced posthumously by Naya Rivera. ; Catwoman appears in the animated film Injustice voice by Anika Noni Rose. ; An Anime Catwoman film titled Catwoman: Hunted with Elizabeth Gillies voicing the character is stated to be released in February 8, 2022.

This is a document about Batman (TV series)
  the United States, Kitt's performance in the series marked the second mainstream television success of a black female, following Nichelle Nichols as Lt. Uhura in Star Trek and continued breaking the racial boundaries of the time. Kitt's performance as Catwoman would also, later, inspire Halle Berry's portrayal of the character in the 2004 film Catwoman, in which Berry would mimic Kitt's famous purrs. Frank Gorshin, the original actor to play the Riddler, returned for a single appearance after a one-season hiatus, during which John Astin made one appearance in the role. The nature of the scripts and acting started to enter into the realm of surrealism. In addition, the third season was much more topical, with references to hippies, mods, and distinctive 1960s slang, which the previous two seasons had avoided.

This is a document about Lee Meriwether
  Lee Ann Meriwether (born May 27, 1935) is an American actress, former model, and the winner of the Miss America 1955 pageant. She has appeared in many films and television shows and is perhaps best known for her role as Betty Jones, Buddy Ebsen's secretary and daughter-in-law in the 1970s crime drama Barnaby Jones. The role earned her two Golden Globe Award nominations in 1975 and 1976, and an Emmy Award nomination in 1977. She is also known for her portrayal of Catwoman, replacing Julie Newmar in the film version of Batman (1966), and for a co-starring role on the science fiction series The Time Tunnel. Meriwether had a recurring role as Ruth Martin on the daytime soap opera All My Children until the end of the series in September 2011.

This is a document about Julie Newmar
  Julie Newmar (born Julia Chalene Newmeyer, August 16, 1933) is an American actress, dancer and singer, known for a variety of stage, screen, and television roles, as well as a writer, lingerie inventor, and real estate mogul. She won the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play for her role as Katrin Sveg in the 1958 Broadway production of The Marriage-Go-Round, and reprised the role in the 1961 film version. In the 1960s, she starred for two seasons as Catwoman in the television series Batman (1966–1967). Her other stage credits include the Ziegfeld Follies in 1956, Lola in Damn Yankees! in 1961, and Irma in Irma la Douce in 1965 in regional productions. Newmar appeared in the music video for George Michael's 1992 single "Too Funky," and had a cameo as herself in the 1995 film To Wong Foo, Thanks for Everything! Julie Newmar. Her voice work includes the animated feature films Batman: Return of the Caped Crusaders (2016) and Batman vs. Two-Face (2017), where she reprised her role as Catwoman 50 years after the original television series.

This is a document about Catwoman in other media
  Catwoman was among the many DC Comics characters adapted for the 2008 animated series Batman: The Brave and the Bold, voiced by Nika Futterman. Keeping with the tone of the show, the character design used for most of her appearances was drawn from the 1950s through mid-1960s and again from the late 1970 to the mid-1980s. This outfit is the purple long sleeved dress with green cloak and purple headdress/mask with cat-ears.

Julie Newmar played Catwoman in the first season of the Batman TV series, Eartha Kitt played the role in the third season, and Lee Meriwether portrayed the character in the film adaptation.


Question: who tried to legislate a value for pi

Answer: amateur mathematician Edward J. Goodwin

This is a document about Pi
  the pie", have been reported in the media. However, this use of τ has not made its way into mainstream mathematics. Tau was added to the Python programming language (as math.tau) in version 3.6 In 1897, an amateur mathematician attempted to persuade the Indiana legislature to pass the Indiana Pi Bill, which described a method to square the circle and contained text that implied various incorrect values for, including 3.2. The bill is notorious as an attempt to establish a value of scientific constant by legislative fiat. The bill was passed by the Indiana House of Representatives, but rejected by the Senate, meaning it did not become a law.

This is a document about Approximations of π
  The so-called "Indiana Pi Bill" of 1897 has often been characterized as an attempt to "legislate the value of Pi". Rather, the bill dealt with a purported solution to the problem of geometrically "squaring the circle". The bill was nearly passed by the Indiana General Assembly in the U.S., and has been claimed to imply a number of different values for, although the closest it comes to explicitly asserting one is the wording "the ratio of the diameter and circumference is as five-fourths to four", which would make π = 16⁄5 = 3.2 , a discrepancy of nearly 2 percent. A mathematics professor who happened to be present the day the bill was brought up for consideration in the Senate, after it had passed in the House, helped to stop the passage of the bill on its second reading, after which the assembly thoroughly ridiculed it before tabling it indefinitely.

This is a document about Indiana Senate
  The Indiana Senate was established in 1816 along with the Indiana House of Representatives in 1816, when Indiana became a state. In 1897, the Indiana House passed a bill rounding the value of pi to 3.2. However, the intervention of State Senator Orrin Hubbel postponed the voting of the bill indefinitely, effectively rejecting it.

This is a document about Approximations of π
  Of some notability are legal or historical texts purportedly "defining " to have some rational value, such as the "Indiana Pi Bill" of 1897, which stated "the ratio of the diameter and circumference is as five-fourths to four" (which would imply " π = 3.2 ") and a passage in the Hebrew Bible that implies that π = 3 .

This is a document about Squaring the circle
  Even after it had been proved impossible, in 1894, amateur mathematician Edwin J. Goodwin claimed that he had developed a method to square the circle. The technique he developed did not accurately square the circle, and provided an incorrect area of the circle which essentially redefined pi as equal to 3.2. Goodwin then proposed the Indiana Pi Bill in the Indiana state legislature allowing the state to use his method in education without paying royalties to him. The bill passed with no objections in the state house, but the bill was tabled and never voted on in the Senate, amid increasing ridicule from the press. The mathematical crank Carl Theodore Heisel also claimed to have squared the circle in his 1934 book, "Behold! : the grand problem no longer unsolved: the circle squared beyond refutation." Paul Halmos referred to the book as a "classic crank book." In 1851, John Parker published a book Quadrature of the Circle in which he claimed to have squared the circle. His method actually produced an approximation of accurate to six digits.

This is a document about Zhang Heng
  For centuries the Chinese approximated pi as 3; Liu Xin (d. AD 23) made the first known Chinese attempt at a more accurate calculation of 3.1457, but there is no record detailing the method he used to obtain this figure. In his work around 130, Zhang Heng compared the celestial circle to the diameter of the earth, proportioning the former as 736 and the latter as 232, thus calculating pi as 3.1724. In Zhang's day, the ratio 4:3 was given for the area of a square to the area of its inscribed circle and the volume of a cube and volume of the inscribed sphere should also be 42:32. In formula, with D as diameter and V as volume, D3:V = 16:9 or V= or 3.141592, the most accurate calculation for pi the ancient Chinese would achieve.

This is a document about Sophistic works of Antiphon
  Antiphon was also a capable mathematician. Antiphon, alongside his companion Bryson of Heraclea, was the first to give an upper and lower bound for the value of pi by inscribing and then circumscribing a polygon around a circle and finally proceeding to calculate the polygons' areas. This method was applied to the problem of squaring the circle.

This is a document about History of geometry
  was the first to make a concerted effort at creating a more accurate formula for pi. Zhang Heng approximated pi as 730/232 (or approx 3.1466), although he used another formula of pi in finding a spherical volume, using the square root of 10 (or approx 3.162) instead. Zu Chongzhi (429-500 AD) improved the accuracy of the approximation of pi to between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927, with 355⁄113 (密率, Milü, detailed approximation) and 22⁄7 (约率, Yuelü, rough approximation) being the other notable approximation. In comparison to later works, the formula for pi given by the French mathematician Franciscus Vieta (1540-1603) fell halfway between Zu's approximations.

This is a document about Pi
  The number  (spelled out as "pi") is a mathematical constant, approximately equal to 3.14159. It is defined in Euclidean geometry as the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, and also has various equivalent definitions. The number appears in many formulas in all areas of mathematics and physics. The earliest known use of the Greek letter π to represent the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter was by Welsh mathematician William Jones in 1706. It is also referred to as Archimedes' constant. Being an irrational number, cannot be expressed as a common fraction, although fractions such as 22⁄7 are commonly used to approximate it. Equivalently, its decimal representation never ends and never settles into a permanently repeating pattern. Its

This is a document about Timeline of mathematics
  280 BC – 210 BC – Greece, Nicomedes (mathematician) ; 280 BC – 220BC – Greece, Philon of Byzantium ; 280 BC – 220 BC – Greece, Conon of Samos ; 279 BC – 206 BC – Greece, Chrysippus ; c. 3rd century BC – India, Kātyāyana ; 250 BC – 190 BC – Greece, Dionysodorus ; 262 -198 BC – Greece, Apollonius of Perga ; 260 BC – Greece, Archimedes proved that the value of π lies between 3 + 1/7 (approx. 3.1429) and 3 + 10/71 (approx. 3.1408), that the area of a circle was equal to π multiplied

This is a document about History of mathematics
  of which appeared by AD 179, but existed in part under other titles beforehand. It consists of 246 word problems involving agriculture, business, employment of geometry to figure height spans and dimension ratios for Chinese pagoda towers, engineering, surveying, and includes material on right triangles. It created mathematical proof for the Pythagorean theorem, and a mathematical formula for Gaussian elimination. The treatise also provides values of π, which Chinese mathematicians originally approximated as 3 until Liu Xin (d. 23 AD) provided a figure of 3.1457 and subsequently Zhang Heng (78–139) approximated pi as 3.1724, as well as 3.162 by taking

This is a document about List of strange laws
 Indiana Pi Bill — in 1897 the Indiana General Assembly considered legislating mathematics.

This is a document about Oronce Finé
   Although primarily a populariser, Finé was one of the most prolific authors of mathematical books of his age. He worked in a wide range of mathematical fields, including practical geometry, arithmetic, optics, gnomonics, astronomy and instrumentalism. He gave the value of pi (≈ 3.14159) to be 22 2⁄9⁄7 ≈ 3.1746 in 1544. Later, he gave 47⁄15 ≈ 3.1333 and, in De rebus mathematicis (1556), he gave 3 11⁄78 ≈ 3.1410.

This is a document about Archimedes
  This is a short work consisting of three propositions. It is written in the form of a correspondence with Dositheus of Pelusium, who was a student of Conon of Samos. In Proposition II, Archimedes gives an approximation of the value of pi, showing that it is greater than 223⁄71 and less than 22⁄7.

This is a document about History of geometry
  of thickness cannot be piled up since they cannot mutually touch. The book provided definitions for circumference, diameter, and radius, along with the definition of volume. The Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD) period of China witnessed a new flourishing of mathematics. One of the oldest Chinese mathematical texts to present geometric progressions was the Suàn shù shū of 186 BC, during the Western Han era. The mathematician, inventor, and astronomer Zhang Heng (78-139 AD) used geometrical formulas to solve mathematical problems. Although rough estimates for pi (π) were given in the Zhou Li (compiled in the 2nd century BC), it was Zhang Heng

This is a document about List of Egyptian inventions and discoveries
  either from right to left or left to right), with the reverse sign indicating subtraction: Pi – Based on the measurements of the Great Pyramid of Giza (c. 2560 BC), some Egyptologists have claimed that the ancient Egyptians used an approximation of as 22⁄7 from as early as the Old Kingdom.  The Rhind Papyrus, dated around 1650 BC but copied from a document dated to 1850 BC, has a formula for the area of a circle that treats  as (16⁄9)2 ≈ 3.16. ; The Golden number ; Arithmetic progression – Rhind Mathematical Papyrus problem number 40. ; Pefsu problem

This is a document about Science and technology of the Han dynasty
   For centuries, the Chinese had simply approximated the value of pi as 3, until Liu Xin approximated it at 3.154 sometime between 1–5 CE, although the method he used to reach this value is unknown to historians. Standard measuring vessels dating to the reign of Wang Mang (9–23 CE) also showed approximations for pi at 3.1590, 3.1497, and 3.167. Zhang Heng is the next known Han mathematician to have made an approximation for pi. Han mathematicians understood that the area of a square versus the area of its inscribed circle had an approximate ratio of 4:3, and also understood that the volume of a cube and the volume of its inscribed sphere would be 42:32. With D as diameter and V as volume,

This is a document about Squaring the circle
  first of these two misguided visionaries filled me with a great ambition to do a feat I have never heard of as accomplished by man, namely to convince a circle squarer of his error! The value my friend selected for Pi was 3.2: the enormous error tempted me with the idea that it could be easily demonstrated to BE an error. More than a score of letters were interchanged before I became sadly convinced that I had no chance. A ridiculing of circle-squaring appears in Augustus de Morgan's A Budget of Paradoxes published posthumously by his widow in 1872. Having originally published the

This is a document about Thomas Fantet de Lagny
  In 1719, de Lagny calculated π to 120 decimal places, using Gregory's series for arctangent, but only 112 decimals were correct. This remained the record until 1789, when Jurij Vega calculated 126 digits of π.

This is a document about Ludolph van Ceulen
   Ludolph van Ceulen spent a major part of his life calculating the numerical value of the mathematical constant pi, using essentially the same methods as those employed by Archimedes some seventeen hundred years earlier. He published a 20-decimal value in his 1596 book Van den Circkel ("On the Circle"), which was published before he moved to Leiden, and he later expanded this to 35 decimals. Van Ceulen's 35 digits is more than enough accuracy for any conceivable practical purpose. Even if a circle was perfect down to the atomic scale, the thermal vibrations of the molecules of ink would make most of those digits physically meaningless. Future attempts to calculate to ever greater precision have been driven primarily by curiosity about the number itself.

Indiana State Senator William F. "Bill" Sciantarelli attempted to legislate a value for pi in 1897, but the bill was indefinitely postponed. However, it's important to note that the bill did not actually pass and the value of pi was not changed.


Question: how do you say young lady in german

Answer: Fräulein

This is a document about German honorifics
  the circumstances, but is usually acceptable for girls below the age of maturity. In correspondence, the form of address is Sehr geehrtes Fräulein, followed by the surname. ; Dame (pl., Damen) ; This is not to be confused with British "Dame", which is a title of nobility (which in Germany, curiously enough, Frau originally was but Dame never was). It is used as a direct equivalent of the English word Lady if not intended to mean "daughter of an earl upwards or wife of a peer, baronet or knight"; thus, sich wie eine Dame benehmen to comport oneself like a lady, meine [in letters: sehr geehrte] Damen und Herren

This is a document about German honorifics
  and gentlemen", and so forth. The euphemistic use is included: Dame vom horizontalen Gewerbe "lady of the night" (literally, "of the horizontal profession"). Also, "Dame" is a technical term for "female dance-partner". Die Dame is also used to address an unknown woman.  Using "Herr" for very young misters, certainly those below the age of 16, is rather awkward and often avoided (except in letters from the state's bureaucracy) by using the first name, or first name and last name. There used to be a direct equivalent to Fräulein, viz., Junker (formed “jung Herr”, lit. “young lord”, and equivalent to Master in English), but this word is now only used

This is a document about List of German expressions in English
 Autobahn – particularly common in British English and American English referring specifically to German motorways. ; Achtung – lit. "attention" ; Frau and Fräulein – woman and young woman or girl, respectively, in English. Indicating marital state, with Frau – Mrs. and Fräulein – Miss; in Germany, however, the diminutive Fräulein lapsed from common usage in the late 1960s. Regardless of marital status, a woman is now commonly referred to as Frau, because from 1972 the term Fräulein has been officially phased out for being politically incorrect and should only be used if expressly authorized by the woman concerned. ; Führer (umlaut is usually dropped in English) – always used in English to

This is a document about Salutation
  German has two types of general salutations that are mutually distinguishable from one another—a formal and an informal form. The formal form distinguishes between the male or female gender of the recipient as a matter of courtesy. The male formal salutation begins with Sehr geehrter Herr, while the female formal salutation begins with Sehr geehrte Frau. Both formal salutations are followed by the recipient's academic degree (if any) and the recipient's family name (e.g. Sehr geehrter Herr Schmidt or Sehr geehrte Frau Dr. Schmidt). It is possible but uncommon to include the full name (e.g. Sehr geehrter Herr Johann Schmidt). With an unknown recipient, Sehr geehrte Damen und Herren (meaning Dear Sir or Madam) is used with no variation on this. Due

This is a document about Salutation
  because it can be otherwise perceived as patronizing or inappropriate, depending on the difference in age or social status. Specific salutations appear in German very similar to the way they do in English, with the exception that in the address block of a letter German must include all or multiple salutations that can be abbreviated Herr Dr. Schmidt, or ''Herr Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dr. h.c. Krämer, and can leave out the Herr or Frau''. While in the opening of a letter the direct salutation is reduced to only the most important title Sehr geehrter Herr Dr. Schmidt, or Sehr geehrter Herr Professor Krämer. The same applies to female variant, Sehr geehrte Frau Prof. Krämer. Further details in the German Wikipedia article :de:Anrede.

This is a document about German honorifics
  (Fr.; pl., Frauen) ; for women (equivalent to Ms., Mrs. and Madam in English). Note that this word also means "woman" and "wife." Unlike the English Mrs., it is never used with a husband's first name. If the last name of the woman is not used or known, the correct form is gnädige Frau ("gracious lady") or its abbreviation gnä' Frau, but this is somewhat old-fashioned except in Austria. In correspondence, the correct form of address is Sehr geehrte Frau, followed by the surname. ; Fräulein (Frl.; pl., Fräulein) ; for unmarried women (like Miss in English). Fräulein (diminutive of "Frau", literally "lady-ling") may be considered condescending or obsolete, depending

This is a document about Judge
  In Germany, judges are addressed as Herr Vorsitzender or Frau Vorsitzende, which translate as "Mister Chairman" and "Madam Chairwoman", or as Hohes Gericht, which translates as "High Court".

This is a document about Salutation
  insufficient functionality of computer software used for mass communication, some companies tend to use more clumsy gender neutral formal salutations (e. g. Sehr geehrte(r) Herr/ Frau Schmidt). Informal salutations in German tend to begin with Hallo, meaning "hello", which is used universally, written and spoken, and which is gender neutral. Depending on the region, informal salutations also tend to begin with Moin (north of Hannover), Servus (typically in the south and south west), or other words, although only used by locals. A more personal informal salutation begins with Lieber (male) or Liebe (female), meaning "dear", (e.g. Lieber Paul, Liebe Annette)—the latter should only be used if the recipient has been actually met in person or similar. It should be used with

This is a document about Judith Hermann
  the young women"), a term coined by German literary critic Volker Hage of Spiegel that grouped together female authors like Jenny Erpenbeck, Felicitas Hoppe, Zoe Jenny, Juli Zeh and Julia Franck who were gaining success at the time. Although "Fräulein" is an old-fashioned term, not politically correct, and rejected by the authors themselves, the term worked well as a marketing tool and has been adopted in Literary Criticism. Judith Hermann received both the Hugo Ball Prize and the Bremer Literatur-Förderpreis. In 2001 she was awarded the Kleist Prize. Her second collection of stories, Nichts als Gespenster, followed in 2003, but to some extent was

This is a document about Dirndl
  Dirndl is a diminutive of Dirn(e). In current German usage, Dirne now mostly signifies 'prostitute', however originally the word meant only 'young woman'. In Bavaria and Austria, Dirndl can mean a young woman, a girlfriend or the dress. The dress can for clarity be called Dirndlkleid (literally 'young woman's dress') or Dirndlgewand ('young woman's clothing'). Dirndl is the form of the word in Standard German. In the Bavarian and Austrian dialects of German (Bairisch), the word is interchangeably Dirndl or Diandl. Speakers of German have conflicting opinions as to whether the name "dirndl" can be used for traditional as well as modern designs. Some speakers make a sharp break between traditional folk costume (tracht) and the "dirndl", a word which

This is a document about Margarete Poehlmann
  time, a woman speaks in this house as a representative of the Prussian people. This is fulfilment for all of us, who we have for a long time, for more than a human's age the oldest of us, stood in the fight for the equality of women." In her speech, she also expressed disappointment in the fact that women's suffrage had to be achieved through revolution instead of a sincere acceptance of women's achievements. Poehlmann fought for equality in language as well. At the time of her election, it was still customary to address an unmarried woman as Fräulein instead of Frau (equivalent to the English Mrs. and Ms.). Due

This is a document about Imperial, royal and noble ranks
  a title. An untitled noblewoman is styled Jonkvrouw, though the wife of a Jonkheer is a Mevrouw or, sometimes, Freule, which could also be used by daughters of the same. ; Junker is a German noble honorific, meaning "young nobleman" or otherwise "young lord". ; Reis is an obscure aristocratic title from the coastlines of Lebanon and Syria that is roughly equivalent to a Baron. The word itself can be translated as "Commodore", and is found only among a few of the former "Merchant Aristocrat" houses of the former Mount Lebanon Emirate. The only legitimate holders of this title

This is a document about Hello, Little Girl
 Czech: Ahoj, holčičko (Hello, Little Girl) ; French: Partir en fumée (To go up in smoke) ; French Canadian : La transgression des règles (Breaking the rules) ; German: Hallo, kleines Mädchen (Hello, Little Girl) ; Hebrew: לעבור על החוק (LaAvor Al HaHok; To Break the Law) ; Hungarian: Helló, kislány! (Hello, Little Girl) ; Spanish: ¡Hola! nena (Hello! Baby) ; Greek: Γειά σου, Μικρό κορίτσι (Hello, Little Girl)

This is a document about Fräulein
   Fräulein is the German language honorific for unmarried women, comparable to Miss in English and Mademoiselle in French. Its use as an everyday honorific declined sharply beginning with the 1960s, because it came to be seen as sexist.

This is a document about Captain (naval)
  The official manner, according to ZDv 10/8, of formal addressing of military people with the rank Kapitän zur See is "Herr/Frau Kapitän zur See". However, in German naval tradition a Kapitän zur See will be addressed as "Herr/Frau Kapitän", or, often, in seamen's language "Herr/Frau Kap'tän".

This is a document about Fräulein
  Fräulein is the diminutive form of Frau, which was previously reserved only for married women. Frau is in origin the equivalent of "My lady" or "Madam", a form of address of a noblewoman. But by an ongoing process of devaluation of honorifics, it came to be used as the unmarked term for "woman" by about 1800. Therefore, Fräulein came to be interpreted as expressing a "diminutive of woman", as it were, implying that a Fräulein is not-quite-a-woman. By the 1960s, this came to be seen as patronising by proponents of feminism, partly because there is no equivalent male diminutive, and during the 1970s and 1980s, the

This is a document about Helvetism
  Swiss German differs from Standard German in, for example, the gender of nouns (das E-Mail, das Tram and das SMS instead of die) or in the preposition that verbs require (jemanden anfragen instead of bei jemandem anfragen). In general, more often than in Germany or Austria, the Swiss use expressly feminine nouns (Bundesrätin Ruth Metzler, Frieda U. wurde zur Primarschullehrerin gewählt) rather than the generic masculine (Bundesrat, Primarschullehrer etc.) to refer to occupations and positions held by women. The Binnen-I (as in ProfessorInnen) is standard in Switzerland but may be marked elsewhere as "politically correct". Relative pronouns: The relative pronoun welche(r), considered clumsy and antiquated in Standard German, is used without hesitation: in Damit wurde in der Schweiz ein Kompetenzzentrum für Klimafragen geschaffen, welches verstärkt die Bedürfnisse der Bevölkerung in den Mittelpunkt ihrer Forschung stellt. (from Jahresbericht 2001, Annual report of the ETH Zürich).

This is a document about Chinese titles
 Xiǎojiě 小姐 (young woman), Miss: This honorific was originally used to refer to a young and unmarried woman. It follows the surname of the woman or can be used alone as a title of address. 小姐 indicates only that the maiden name is being used and does not refer to marital status anymore. Today, however, it could in the northern regions of the People's Republic of China be associated as a slang term for "prostitute" or in restaurants addressing waitresses, by means of verbal inflections of tone or other indications. ; Tàitai 太太 (Madam): This honorific is used to refer to an married woman. It is

This is a document about Saarland
  hat mir's gesaat (it told me so', instead of she told me so'; vs. High German: Sie hat es mir gesagt). This stems from the word Mädchen (girl) being neuter in German (es is correct in German when referring to words like Mädchen but would not be used by itself in reference to a woman). The conjunctive in Rhine Franconian is normally composed with the words dääd (High German tät = “would do”) or gäng (“would go”) as auxiliary verbs: Isch dääd saan, dass... (“I would say that...”) instead of the High German Ich würde sagen, dass.... Declension is rather different: Diphthongs are less common than

This is a document about Comedian Harmonists
  Monaco") ; Fünf-Uhr-Tee Bei Familie Kraus ("Five-O'-Clock-Tea With The Kraus Family") ; Gitarren, spielt auf ("Guitars, Play") ; Guten Tag, gnädige Frau ("Good Day, Madam") ; Guter Mond, du gehst so stille ; Hallo, was machst Du heut', Daisy? ("Hello, Whatcha Doin' Today, Daisy?" from "You're Driving Me Crazy") ; Ich küsse Ihre Hand, Madam ("I Kiss Your Hand Madam") ; In einem kühlen Grunde ("In A Cool Place") ; Irgendwo auf der Welt ("Somewhere In the World") ; Kannst Du pfeifen, Johanna? ("Can you Whistle, Johanna?") ; Mein kleiner grüner Kaktus ("My Little Green Cactus") ; Ohne Dich (Stormy Weather) ; Puppenhochzeit ("Dolls' Wedding") ; Schlafe, mein Prinzchen, schlaf ein ("Sleep, My little Prince, Go

The correct way to address a young lady in German is "Fraulein" (pronounced "Fraw-lin"). However, it's important to note that the use of "Fraulein" is less common in formal situations and is often replaced by "Frau" for women of any age. In formal situations, it's more common to use "Frau" followed by the person's last name. For example, "Frau Schmidt" or "Frau Dr. Schmidt" for a married woman with a doctorate. For a young unmarried


Question: who is the little girl that dances for sia

Answer: Maddie Ziegler

This is a document about Nostalgic for the Present Tour
  and white wig covering her face." Ryan Heffington, the choreographer for both the stage performances and the recorded tour visuals, first met Sia in 2013. Their collaborations, beginning with the "Chandelier" video in 2014, for which he won a VMA Award, have "done more to raise the standards of dance in pop music than nearly any current artist integrating the forms." In November and December 2017 Sia concluded the second leg of the tour, a stadium mini-tour in Australasia. With these dates, she became the third female soloist to play Australian stadiums in the past quarter century, after Taylor Swift (2013's Red Tour and 2015's 1989 Tour) and Madonna (1993's Girlie Show Tour). Ziegler also accompanied Sia for this run of shows.

This is a document about Sia (musician)
  videos for the singles "Chandelier", "Elastic Heart" and "Big Girls Cry", choreographed by Ryan Heffington and co-directed by Sia and Daniel Askill, and in many of the promotional live performances, child dancer Maddie Ziegler performed as a proxy for Sia in bobbed blonde wigs similar to Sia's familiar hairstyle. The three videos have received a total of more than 3 billion views on Vevo. Sia explained to Kristen Wiig in an interview in Interview magazine that she decided to conceal her face to avoid a celebrity lifestyle and maintain some privacy: "I'm trying to have some control over my image. And I'm allowed to maintain some modicum of privacy.

This is a document about Sia (musician)
  Sia Kate Isobelle Furler (born 18 December 1975) is an Australian singer, songwriter, voice actress, and director. She started her career as a singer in the acid jazz band Crisp in the mid-1990s in Adelaide. In 1997, when Crisp disbanded, she released her debut studio album, titled OnlySee, in Australia. She moved to London and provided vocals for the British duo Zero 7. Sia released her second studio album, Healing Is Difficult, in 2001, and her third, Colour the Small One, in 2004. Sia moved to New York City in 2005 and toured the United States. Her fourth and fifth studio albums, Some People Have Real Problems and We Are Born, were released in 2008 and 2010, respectively. Each was certified gold

This is a document about Nostalgic for the Present Tour
  was sadly no live band and Sia herself did little besides sing note-perfect if somewhat rote versions of her songs, it wasn’t out of the question to wonder what we needed her for, anyway. After all, there was a magnetic visual assault to focus on, led by 14-year-old dancer Maddie Ziegler, who has starred in five of Sia's music videos since 2014. ... Most of the time, the dancing perfectly complemented the music and asked you to pay attention in different ways than most shows do. ... But Sia was such a passive presence, when things weren’t quite as visually interesting, there wasn’t much else to

This is a document about Maddie Ziegler
   Madison Nicole Ziegler (born September 30, 2002) is an American dancer and actress. She was initially known for appearing in Lifetime's reality show Dance Moms from 2011 (at age 8) until 2016. From 2014, she gained wider recognition for starring in a series of music videos by Sia, beginning with "Chandelier" and "Elastic Heart", which have in total attracted more than 5 billion views on YouTube. Ziegler has appeared in films, television shows, concerts, advertisements and on magazine covers. She was included by Time magazine on its list of the "30 most influential teens" in 2015, 2016, and 2017. Ziegler was a judge on the

This is a document about Sia (musician)
  the Australian Recording Industry Association and attracted wider notice than her earlier albums. Uncomfortable with her growing fame, Sia took a hiatus from performing and focused on songwriting for other artists, producing successful collaborations "Titanium" (with David Guetta), "Diamonds" (with Rihanna) and "Wild Ones" (with Flo Rida). In 2014, Sia broke through as a solo recording artist when her sixth studio album, 1000 Forms of Fear, debuted at No. 1 in the U.S. Billboard 200 and generated the top-ten single "Chandelier" and a trilogy of music videos co-directed by Sia and starring child dancer Maddie Ziegler. Since then, Sia has usually worn a wig that obscures her face to protect her privacy. Her seventh studio album, This Is Acting (2016), spawned her

This is a document about Sia (musician)
  Sia Kate Isobelle Furler was born on 18 December 1975 in Adelaide, South Australia. Her father, Phil Colson, is a musician, and her mother, Loene Furler, is an art lecturer. Sia is the niece of actor-singer Kevin Colson. Sia said that as a child she imitated the performing style of Aretha Franklin, Stevie Wonder and Sting, whom she cites as early influences. She attended Adelaide High School. In the mid-1990s, Sia started a career as a singer in the local acid jazz band Crisp. Sia collaborated with the band and contributed vocals to their album Word and the Deal (1996) and EP Delirium (1997). In 1997 Crisp disbanded, and Sia released her debut studio album, OnlySee, on Flavoured Records, in Australia, on 23 December. The album sold about 1,200 copies. Unlike her later albums, OnlySee was marketed under her full name, "Sia Furler". It was produced by Jesse Flavell.

This is a document about Maddie Ziegler
  danced to Sia's song "Rainbow", from the soundtrack to My Little Pony: The Movie, dressed in a wig and outfit that simulated the look of Sia's character in the film. She again performed with Sia on a mini-tour of Australasia in November and December 2017, and later in December, she and Sia returned to the Ellen show to perform Sia's song "Snowman". Ziegler and her sister conducted another dance workshop tour of Australia and New Zealand in July 2018 and in the UK in 2019. In July 2019, Ziegler performed at the Fuji Rock Festival with Sia in Japan. She and her sister were guest judges in 2020 on the Quibi dance competition show Floored.

This is a document about Lilliana Ketchman
  Ketchman has appeared in numerous music videos for artists including Bianca Ryan, Sia, and fellow Dance Moms alumnus JoJo Siwa. In Sia's music video of "Move Your Body", Ketchman's portrayal of a young Sia received critical acclaim. Slate said her moves were what made the music video "so much fun to watch". In November 2020, Ketchman and her mother teased her own single and music video, "Underneath".

This is a document about Annie (2014 film soundtrack)
  "You're Never Fully Dressed Without A Smile" by Sia was released as the lead single on October 22, 2014. "Opportunity" by Sia was released as the second single. It officially impacted Hot/Modern/AC radio on January 19, 2015. In July 2021, the song "Little Girls" by Cameron Diaz started to go viral on TikTok, appearing in many videos.

This is a document about Maddie Ziegler
  1 billion YouTube views. Later that year, Ziegler starred in the music video for "Big Girls Cry" to complete her trilogy of videos from Sia's album 1000 Forms of Fear. She danced to Sia's vocals on several television shows in 2014 and 2015, including The Ellen DeGeneres Show, Dancing with the Stars, Jimmy Kimmel Live! and Saturday Night Live, as well as at the Hollywood Bowl. By the end of 2015, she had performed with Sia on the Ellen DeGeneres Show three times. She also performed to "Chandelier", alongside Sia and Kristen Wiig, at the 2015 Grammy Awards. The "Chandelier" and "Elastic Heart" videos were both selected as part

This is a document about List of songs recorded by Sia
  In 1997, Australian singer-songwriter Sia released her debut studio album, entitled OnlySee. She released her second album, Healing Is Difficult, in 2001. The album yielded three singles: "Taken for Granted", "Little Man" and "Drink to Get Drunk". Sia was also part of English band Zero 7, and performed vocals on their albums in the early 2000s; she left the group in 2008. In 2004, Sia released her third studio album, Colour the Small One. Its singles included "Don't Bring Me Down", "Breathe Me", "Where I Belong", "Sunday", and "Numb". In 2008, her fourth studio album, Some People Have Real Problems, was released. The album spawned four singles: "Day Too Soon", "The Girl You Lost to Cocaine", "Soon We'll Be Found" and "Buttons". Its follow-up, We Are Born, was made

This is a document about Maddie Ziegler
  a mash-up of Taylor Swift songs. Also in June, Ziegler joined Fox's So You Think You Can Dance: The Next Generation, a television competition for dancers, ages 8 to 14, where she was one of the judges and a guest performer, and danced at Sia's concert at Red Rocks Amphitheatre in Colorado. In September 2016, Ziegler performed with Sia at the launch of Apple's iPhone 7 and at the iHeartRadio Music Festival. She joined Sia on the singer's "Nostalgic for the Present Tour" from September to November 2016. Ziegler and her sister conducted a dance workshop tour of Australia in January 2017. In March 2017, Ziegler performed at the Dubai World Cup with Sia. In September,

This is a document about Music (2021 film)
  Sia announced the film, her directorial debut, at the 2015 Venice Film Festival, to star Maddie Ziegler, who starred in a series of music videos that Sia co-directed with Daniel Askill  and who has danced in many of Sia's live performances. After creating the music video for "Chandelier" in 2014, Sia had decided that she was "pretty good" at directing and "felt a little bit braver". The film's screenplay was co-written by Sia and children's book author Dallas Clayton based on a one-page story that she had written in 2007. Sia enjoyed the creative process and noted similarities between directing and writing songs, saying: "For me, the process was basically, I work out the movie. I'll act it out,

This is a document about Maddie Ziegler
  the show. In 2013, she made guest appearances on a spin-off program, Abby's Ultimate Dance Competition. Dance Moms helped to make Ziegler "one of the most famous dancers in the entertainment world currently. ... [She inspires] other dancers to pursue their dreams with originality and grace." Ziegler has appeared in music videos for such artists as Alexx Calise, Sia and Todrick Hall. She gained wide notice, at the age of 11, by starring in the 2014 video for "Chandelier" by Sia, who discovered her on Dance Moms. The video won the ARIA Music Award for Best Video and received nominations at the 2014 MTV Video Music Awards for Video of

This is a document about List of awards and nominations received by Little Mix
   Little Mix are a British three-piece girl group, composed of group members Perrie Edwards, Jade Thirlwall, and Leigh-Anne Pinnock. Former member, Jesy Nelson departed the group in December 2020. The group have since established themselves as the biggest girl group of the 2010s, selling over 60 million albums and singles worldwide, making them one of the best best-selling girl group of all time. Little Mix have been nominated and are the recipient of numerous awards throughout their career. They have received a total of 12 nominations at the Brit Awards making them the most nominated female group, three of which they won. During the 2017 Brit Awards, the group won

This is a document about APRA Music Awards of 2015
 Sia (aka Sia Furler)

This is a document about APRA Music Awards of 2014
 Sia (aka Sia Furler)

This is a document about Sia (musician)
  ... The entire performance was brilliantly staged, with one song flowing seamlessly into another". Sia released the deluxe edition of This Is Acting in October 2016, which includes three new tracks, a remix version of "Move Your Body" and a solo version of "The Greatest". She was nominated for three 2017 Grammy Awards. Sia co-wrote and performed on a platinum-selling single, "Dusk Till Dawn", by Zayn. Sia performed in concert at the close of the Dubai World Cup in March 2017, together with her dancers, led by Ziegler. They gave a second leg of the Nostalgic for the Present Tour, her first stadium tour in Australasia, in late 2017.

This is a document about Elastic Heart
  On 7 January 2015, the music video for the song was released. Directed by Sia and Daniel Askill, shot by cinematographer Sebastian Wintero and choreographed by Ryan Heffington, the video features Maddie Ziegler, who recently appeared in the video for Sia's single "Chandelier" and "Big Girls Cry", and actor Shia LaBeouf. In the video, Ziegler and LaBeouf perform an interpretive dance in nude and dirt-smeared outfits. Justine Harman from Elle likened the concept of the video to the plot of Titanic. Jason Lipshutz from Billboard summarised: "The entirety of the video features the surprising pair interpreting the song through different body contortions: they dance-fight, collapse in the middle of the cage, crawl toward and away

Maddie Ziegler is the little girl that dances for Sia in her music videos and live performances.