Question: who led the first voyage to circumnavigate the globe

Answer: Juan Sebastián Elcano

This is a document about History of cartography
  Christopher Columbus to the Americas. The Magellan-Elcano circumnavigation was the first known voyage around the world in human history. It was a Spanish expedition that sailed from Seville in 1519 under the command of Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan in search of a maritime path from the Americas to the East Asia across the Pacific Ocean. Following Magellan's death in Mactan (Philippines) in 1521, Juan Sebastián Elcano took command of the expedition, sailing to Borneo, the Spice Islands and back to Spain across the Indian Ocean, round the Cape of Good Hope and north along the west coast of Africa. They arrived in Spain three years after they left, in 1522.

This is a document about Navigation
  year later. The first circumnavigation of the earth was completed in 1522 with the Magellan-Elcano expedition, a Spanish voyage of discovery led by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan and completed by Spanish navigator Juan Sebastián Elcano after the former's death in the Philippines in 1521. The fleet of seven ships sailed from Sanlúcar de Barrameda in Southern Spain in 1519, crossed the Atlantic Ocean and after several stopovers rounded the southern tip of South America. Some ships were lost, but the remaining fleet continued across the Pacific making a number of discoveries including Guam and the Philippines. By then, only two galleons were left from the

This is a document about European and American voyages of scientific exploration
  From the early 15th century to the early 17th century the Age of Discovery had, through Spanish and Portuguese seafarers, opened up southern Africa, the Americas (New World), Asia and Oceania to European eyes: Bartholomew Dias had sailed around the Cape of southern Africa in search of a trade route to India; Christopher Columbus, on four journeys across the Atlantic, had prepared the way for European colonisation of the New World; Ferdinand Magellan had commanded the first expedition to sail across the Atlantic and Pacific oceans to reach the Maluku Islands and was continued by Juan Sebastián Elcano, completing the first circumnavigation of the Earth. During

This is a document about List of circumnavigations
  out in a single expedition. Drake was the first to complete a circumnavigation as captain while leading the expedition throughout the entire circumnavigation. ; Martín Ignacio de Loyola; 1580–1584, westward from Spain. ; Thomas Cavendish; 1586–1588; westward from England; in. ; Martín Ignacio de Loyola; 1585–1589, eastward from Spain (via Macau (then a Portuguese territory), China, and Acapulco, Mexico) to become the first to circumnavigate the world eastwards and first to use overland routes in his circumnavigation. ; João da Gama; 1584 (or 1585)–1590; eastward from Portugal; from Lisbon to India, Malacca, Macau (then Portuguese) and Japan. Gama crossed the Pacific at a higher northern latitude; was taken prisoner in Mexico and carried in Spanish ships to the Iberian Peninsula. One of the first to go eastwards, mostly by sea.

This is a document about Timeline of the Magellan expedition
  The Magellan expedition was the first voyage around the world in human history. It was a Spanish expedition that sailed from Seville in 1519 under the command of Ferdinand Magellan, a Portuguese-born explorer but naturalized (nationalised) Spanish, in search of a maritime path to East Asia through the Americas and across the Pacific Ocean, and was concluded by Spanish navigator Juan Sebastian Elcano in 1522. Elcano and the 18 survivors of the expedition were the first men to circumnavigate the globe in a single expedition. The Spanish fleet, the Armada de Molucca, that left Spain on 20 September 1519 consisted of five ships with 270 men: Trinidad under Magellan, Captain

This is a document about Magellan expedition
  The Magellan expedition, also known as the Magellan-Elcano expedition, resulted in the first recorded circumnavigation of the Earth in 1522. It is considered by many as one of the most important events in history for its scientific, socio-economic, political, philosophic and theological consequences. The expedition was sponsored by the Spanish Monarchy aiming to find a maritime route sailing westwards from Europe to the East Indies across the Pacific Ocean. In 1519, Ferdinand Magellan, a Portuguese-born explorer subject of the Spanish Crown since 1518, was appointed Admiral of the Spanish Fleet by the emperor Charles V to lead a five-ship fleet called "Armada de Molucca" to reach the Spice Islands

This is a document about Circumnavigation
  The first single voyage of global circumnavigation was that of the ship Victoria, between 1519 and 1522, known as the Magellan–Elcano expedition. It was a Castilian (Spanish) voyage of discovery. The voyage started in Seville, crossed the Atlantic Ocean, and after several stopovers rounded the southern tip of South America, where the expedition discovered the Strait of Magellan, named after the fleet's captain. It then continued across the Pacific, discovering a number of islands on its way, including Guam, before arriving in the Philippines. The voyage was initially led by the Portuguese Ferdinand Magellan, although he died during the voyage in Mactan in the Philippines in 1521. The remaining sailors continued

This is a document about Timeline of Francis Drake's circumnavigation
  On 15 November 1577, Francis Drake began a circumnavigation which would last for 1046 days. Before this journey, only a single expedition had completed a circumnavigation, one pioneered by Ferdinand Magellan. On Drake's voyage, Drake was the first Englishman to navigate out of the south Atlantic Ocean and during it, he established the first overseas possession claims executed during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. At its completion, this was the longest voyage humans had made to date. Ideas of this journey arose amidst cold war tensions between Spain and England. During this time, Drake formed the idea to plunder Spanish ships in the Pacific Ocean and John Dee developed a formal

This is a document about Europe
  Vasco da Gama opened the ocean route to the East linking the Atlantic and Indian Oceans in 1498. The Portuguese-born explorer Ferdinand Magellan reached Asia westward across the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans in a Spanish expedition, resulting in the first circumnavigation of the globe, completed by the Spaniard Juan Sebastián Elcano (1519–1522). Soon after, the Spanish and Portuguese began establishing large global empires in the Americas, Asia, Africa and Oceania. France, the Netherlands and England soon followed in building large colonial empires with vast holdings in Africa, the Americas and Asia. In 1588, a Spanish armada failed to invade England. A year later

This is a document about Circumnavigation
  of the world in September 1580, becoming the first commander to lead an entire circumnavigation. Thomas Cavendish completed his circumnavigation between 1586 to 88 in record time - in two years and 49 days; nine months faster than Drake. It was also the first deliberately planned voyage of the globe. For the wealthy, long voyages around the world, such as was done by Ulysses S. Grant, became possible in the 19th century, and the two World Wars moved vast numbers of troops around the planet. However, it was the rise of commercial aviation in the late 20th century that made circumnavigation, when compared to the Magellan–Elcano expedition, quicker and safer.

This is a document about List of things named after Ferdinand Magellan
   The Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan (1480–1522) is known for leading the first circumnavigation around the earth. A number of things have been named in his honor, including natural phenomenona which he was the first European to observe, such as the Strait of Magellan, and the Magellanic Penguin. In other cases, modern entities (such as NASA's Magellan probe) have been named after Magellan in reference to his navigational skill and exploration of uncharted lands.

This is a document about Exploration
  circumnavigation of the Earth, in multiple voyages, for the first time. Juan Sebastián Elcano (1476–1526), completed the first global circumnavigation. In the second half of the 16th century and the 17th century exploration of Asia and the Pacific Ocean continued with explorers such as Andrés de Urdaneta (1498–1568), who discovered the maritime route from Asia to the Americas; Pedro Fernandes de Queirós (1565–1614), who discovered the Pitcairn Islands and the Vanuatu archipelago; Álvaro de Mendaña de Neira (1542–1595), who discovered the Tuvalu archipelago, the Marquesas, the Solomon Islands and Wake Island. Explorers of Australia included Willem Janszoon (1570–1630), who made the first recorded European landing

This is a document about Spherical Earth
  The first direct demonstration of Earth's sphericity came in the form of the first circumnavigation in history, an expedition captained by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan. The expedition was financed by the Spanish Crown. On August 10, 1519, the five ships under Magellan's command departed from Seville. They crossed the Atlantic Ocean, passed through what is now called the Strait of Magellan, crossed the Pacific, and arrived in Cebu, where Magellan was killed by Philippine natives in a battle. His second in command, the Spaniard Juan Sebastián Elcano, continued the expedition and, on September 6, 1522, arrived at Seville, completing the circumnavigation. Charles

This is a document about History of navigation
  expeditions of Christopher Columbus on behalf of Castile, from 1492. The Crown of Castile, under Charles I of Spain, also sponsored the first expedition of world circumnavigation in 1521. The enterprise was led by Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan and completed by the Spanish Basque Juan Sebastián Elcano. The trips of exploration led to trade flourishing across the Atlantic Ocean between Spain and America and across the Pacific Ocean between Asia-Pacific and Mexico via the Philippines. Later, Andrés de Urdaneta discovered the northern Pacific's volta do mar return voyage. The compass, a cross-staff or astrolabe, a method to correct for

This is a document about Cèllere Codex
   Verrazzano's fellow Italian, Christopher Columbus, in the service of the Catholic Monarchs, had reached the New World in 1492, and over the next thirty years, the three major European powers—the British, Portuguese and Spanish—investigated the new continent, claiming land for their respective monarchs when possible. A few years after Columbus, John Cabot had made multiple voyages to Newfoundland in the service of the English King, Henry VII. In September 1522 Sebastiano Elcano made the first circumnavigation of the globe, and in the following year the king of France, Francis I, was persuaded to despatch an expedition. This was under the

This is a document about List of circumnavigations
 Phoenician expedition sent by Pharaoh Necho II; c. 600 BC; possibly circumnavigating Africa. ; Pytheas of Massalia apparently circumnavigated the British Isles circa 325 BC, though his account of the exploration is lost, except for references to it in the works of classical historians. ; Roman Governor Gnaeus Julius Agricola; c. 80; first confirmed circumnavigation of British Isles. ; Jacques Cartier; 1534–1535; first circumnavigation of Newfoundland. ; García de Nodal; 1619; first circumnavigation of Tierra del Fuego. ; Abel Tasman; 1642–1643; first circumnavigation of the Australian continent (including New Guinea and Tasmania). ; James Cook; 1769–1770; first circumnavigation of New Zealand. ; James

This is a document about Magellan expedition
  circumnavigate the globe. Twelve other crew members, who had been captured by the Portuguese in Cape Verde, arrived in Seville a few weeks later. The expedition was funded mostly by the emperor Charles V, with the hope that it would discover a profitable western route to the Moluccas, as the eastern route was controlled by Portugal under the Treaty of Tordesillas. Though the expedition did find a route, it was much longer and more arduous than expected, and was therefore not commercially useful. Nevertheless, the first circumnavigation has been regarded as a great achievement in seamanship, and had a significant impact on the human understanding of the world.

This is a document about Francis Drake's circumnavigation
  Francis Drake's circumnavigation, also known as Drake's Raiding Expedition, was an important historical maritime event that took place between 15 December 1577 and 26 September 1580. Authorised by Queen Elizabeth I and led by Francis Drake; the latter sailed with five ships in what was termed a 'voyage of discovery', although in effect it was an ambitious covert raiding voyage and the start of England's challenge to Spain's global domination. Drake set off after a delay of nearly six months on 15 December 1577. After crossing the Atlantic he passed Cape Horn and became the first Englishman to navigate the Straits of Magellan and travelled up the west coast of South America reaching the Pacific Ocean

This is a document about Post-classical history
  mission prior to that time. Due to navigation advances Portugal would create a global colonial empire beginning with the conquest of Malacca in modern-day Malaysia from 1511. Other Explorers such as the Spanish sponsored Italian Christopher Columbus intended to engage in trade by traveling on unfamiliar routes west from Europe. The subsequent European discovery of the Americas in 1492 resulted in the Colombian exchange and the world's first pan-oceanic globalization. Spanish Explorer Ferdinand Magellan performed the first known circumnavigation of Earth in 1521. The transfer of goods and diseases across oceans was unprecedented in creating a more connected world. From developments in navigation and trade modern history began.

This is a document about Louis Antoine de Bougainville
  In 1766 Bougainville received from Louis XV permission to circumnavigate the globe. He would become the 14th navigator, and the first Frenchman, to sail around the world (though some are led to believe that Richard of Normandie, who was part of the fleet of Ferdinand Magellan during his circumnavigation, was the first Frenchman to do so). Completion of his mission bolstered the prestige of France following its defeats during the Seven Years' War. This was the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe with professional naturalists and geographers aboard. Bougainville left Nantes on 15 November 1766 with two ships: Boudeuse (captain : Nicolas Pierre Duclos-Guyot) and the Étoile (commanded by François Chenard de la Giraudais).

Ferdinand Magellan led the first voyage to circumnavigate the globe, but he was killed during the expedition and it was completed by Juan Sebastián Elcano in 1522.


Question: who wrote give me a home among the gum trees

Answer: Wally Johnson

This is a document about Give Me a Home Among the Gumtrees
  Give Me a Home Among the Gumtrees (or Home Among the Gumtrees) is a popular Australian song written in 1974 by Wally Johnson and Bob Brown (aka Captain Rock).

This is a document about Burke's Backyard
  The theme to Burke's Backyard is a modified version of Bullamakanka's version of "Give Me a Home Among the Gumtrees" (Bob Brown; Walter Johnson Jr.). The chorus is as follows: Give me a home among the gum trees, with lots of plum trees A dog or two and a barbecue flowers down the side And veggies by the fence all in Burke's Backyard

This is a document about Gary Jeshel Forrester
  and this recording offers a unique slice... of our bushland, our people, our dreams, and our extraordinary sense of humour." Forrester's music also appeared on the Larrikin Records 1996 composite album, Give Me a Home Among the Gum Trees, along with Australian country-folk icons Eric Bogle, Judy Small, The Bushwackers, and others. Random House Australia's 1991 profile declared that "the most striking aspect of the albums, apart from their frequency, is the exceptionally high standard of songwriting." Australian Country Music observed that the bluegrass band fronted by Forrester (as lead singer and guitarist), the Rank Strangers,  "have a musical immediacy that typifies

This is a document about Give Me a Home Among the Gumtrees
  to international superstar violinist André Rieu, who included it on his 2008 album Waltzing Matilda. John Williamson performed Gumtrees at the 2006 memorial service to commemorate popular Australian wildlife expert and TV personality Steve Irwin; the program was followed by a worldwide television audience reputedly numbering 300 million viewers. Co-writer Wally Johnson died of pneumonia in 1995. Bob Brown has continued writing and performing tongue-in-cheek folk songs, which have been covered by artists including John Williamson and folk singer Slim Dusty. One of Brown's numbers I’m an Individual was recorded by cult Australian Rules footballer Mark ‘Jacko’ Jackson, and became an Australia-wide hit. Brown has also recorded an album of children's songs called Riding Round on Golf Balls.

This is a document about Duke Tritton
  he wrote bush songs such as, "Shearing in a Bar", "The Gooseneck Spurs" and "Hughie". In December 1909 he married Caroline Goodman. Early in their marriage they lived in Mudgee and Tritton worked in Cullenbone. He was initially rejected for army service during World War 1 due to "flat feet"; after being accepted in 1918 he saw no active service since the conflict ended soon after. The Tritton family moved to Sydney in 1919 where he worked delivering timber, they returned to Mudgee in 1927 after a timber strike. In 1933 they bought a property in Cullenbone where the family of ten children lived until 1938 when they moved

This is a document about The Smell of Gum Leaves
  The Smell of Gum Leaves is the second solo live album by Australian country music artist John Williamson. The album was released in September 1984 and become Williamsons' first charting album; peaking at number 49 on the Kent Music Report. At the Country Music Awards of Australia in January 1985, Williamson won his first golden guitar award; winning 'Song of the Year' for "Queen in the Sport of Kings". The album was re-released in 1997 under the title Home Among the Gum Trees.

This is a document about Gary Jeshel Forrester
  Sonorous Circle Studio (New Zealand) (2020) (https://jeshelforrester.bandcamp.com) ; Death of My Father ; Answered Prayer ; Reverie ; Reckoning ; The Ballad of Dylan Thomas and Liz Reitell ; The Town of Kilcullen ; Wayfaring Stranger (Traditional) ; Daughter ; Thelma ; Woke ; The Natural Kind ; Cheeto Mestes ; After the Gold Rush (written by Neil Young) That's Australia. Larrikin Records (Australia) (1988) (composite album produced by ABC Television). ; Music Deli. Larrikin Records (Australia), Larrikin LRF 227 (1988) (composite album of music "borrowing from different traditions and creating new forms"). ; Give Me a Home Among the Gum Trees. Larrikin Records, 1996.  Albums        Composite Albums

This is a document about Drover (Australian)
 Henry Lawson ; "The Ballad of the Drover" (poem) ; "Andy's Gone with the Cattle" (poem) ; "The Drover's Wife" (short story) ; Will H. Ogilvie ; 'From the Gulf' (poem) ; 'The overlander' (poem) ; 'A leaf from Macquarie' (poem) ; Banjo Paterson ; "Clancy of the Overflow" (poem) ; "The Travelling Post Office" (poem) ; Judith Wright – "South of My Days" (poem) ; Kev Carmody – "Droving Woman" (song) ; Adam Lindsay Gordon – "The Sick Stock Rider" (poem) ; Rolf Harris – "Tie me Kangaroo down, Sport!" (folk song) ; Anonymous – "The Overlander" (folk song) ; Anonymous – "Wrap me up in my Stockwhip and Blanket" (folk song) ; Anonymous – "The Three Drovers" (Christmas song) ; Saul Mendelsohn – "Brisbane Ladies" (folk song) ; Hugh McDonald (of Redgum) – "Diamantina Drover" (song) ; Bill Callahan – "Drover" (song) ; Bill "Swampy" Marsh

This is a document about History of Australia (1851–1900)
  oral and folkloric tradition, and was only later published in print in volumes such as Banjo Paterson's Old Bush Songs, in the 1890s. The lyrics of Waltzing Matilda, often regarded as Australia's unofficial National anthem, and a quintessential early Australian country music song were composed by the poet Banjo Paterson in 1895.  Banjo Paterson's other seminal works include the bush ballads The Man From Snowy River and Clancy of the Overflow which remain classics of Australian literature. Together with his contemporary Henry Lawson, Paterson is considered among the most influential Australian writers. Lawson, the son of a Norwegian gold prospector wrote

This is a document about Waltzing Matilda
  The Australian poet Banjo Paterson wrote the words to "Waltzing Matilda" in August 1895 while staying at Dagworth Station, a sheep and cattle station near Winton in Central West Queensland owned by the Macpherson family. The words were written to a tune played on a zither or autoharp by 31‑year‑old Christina Macpherson (1864–1936), one of the family members at the station. Macpherson had heard the tune "The Craigielee March" played by a military band while attending the Warrnambool steeplechase horse racing in Victoria in April 1894, and played it back by ear at Dagworth. Paterson decided that the music would be

This is a document about Country music
  Australian subjects, is generally known as "bush music" or "bush band music". "Waltzing Matilda", often regarded as Australia's unofficial national anthem, is a quintessential Australian country song, influenced more by British and Irish folk ballads than by American country and western music. The lyrics were composed by the poet Banjo Paterson in 1895. Other popular songs from this tradition include "The Wild Colonial Boy", "Click Go the Shears", "The Queensland Drover" and "The Dying Stockman". Later themes which endure to the present include the experiences of war, of droughts and flooding rains, of Aboriginality and of the railways and trucking routes which link Australia's vast

This is a document about I Was Only 19
  When the song was first released, Rick Melbourne, a breakfast radio announcer, produced a parody version of the song, including the lyrics "God help me, she told me she was sixteen". Australian country singer John Williamson recorded a live version as "Only 19" and released it on his 1984 vinyl LP, The Smell of Gumleaves (rereleased in 1996 as a CD under the title Home Among the Gum Trees). The song's and album's producer, Trevor Lucas, performed his version as a member of his United Kingdom-based group Fairport Convention at the 1985 Cropredy Festival. On the show Fast Forward, Gina Riley, in character as Eleanor LaGore, performed a swing version of the song. The song was covered by Australian Army Band The Lancer Band in

This is a document about Kookaburra (song)
  "Kookaburra" (also known by its first line: "Kookaburra sits in the old gum tree") is a popular Australian nursery rhyme and round about the kookaburra. It was written by Marion Sinclair (9 October 1896 – 15 February 1988) in 1932.

This is a document about 1898 in Australian literature
 E. J. Brady ; "The Great Grey Water" ; "Lost and Given Over" ; Christopher Brennan ; "The Forest of Night: 1898-1902: The Twilight of Disquietude: 36" ; "Towards the Source : 1894-97 : 25" ; Victor J. Daley ; At Dawn and Dusk ; "Correggio Jones" ; Edward Dyson – "Men of Australia" ; George Essex Evans – Loraine and Other Verses ; Ernest Favenc – "The Guard of the Northern Strait: A Song of Queensland" ; W. T. Goodge ; "Daley's Dorg Wattle" ; "Mulligan's Shanty" ; Henry Lawson – "Sydney-Side" ; Marion Miller Knowles – Songs from the Hills ; Breaker Morant – "Kitty's Broom" ; Will H. Ogilvie ; "Abandoned Selections" ; "Bowmont Water" ; Fair Girls and Gray Horses: With Other Verses ; A. B. Paterson ; "Saltbush Bill's Gamecock" ; "T.Y.S.O.N." ; Roderic Quinn ; "The Camp Within the West" ; "The Fisher" ; "The Hidden Tide" ; Thomas E. Spencer – "How M'Dougal Topped the Score"

This is a document about Slim Dusty
  Slim Dusty, AO MBE (born David Gordon Kirkpatrick; 13 June 1927 – 19 September 2003) was an Australian country music singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer. He was an Australian cultural icon and one of the country's most awarded stars, with a career spanning nearly seven decades and producing numerous recordings. He was known to record songs in the legacy of Australia, particularly of bush life and renowned Australian bush poets Henry Lawson and Banjo Paterson that represented the lifestyle. The music genre was coined the "bush ballad", a style first made popular by Buddy Williams, the first artist to perform the genre in Australia, and also for his many trucking songs. Slim Dusty "released more than a hundred albums, selling more than seven million records

This is a document about Give Me a Home Among the Gumtrees
  popular gardening and lifestyle television program called Burke's Backyard, which ran on Australian television for 17 years. The program once held a competition for the best school video version of Home Among the Gumtrees, and thousands of entries were submitted; one of the winners was an Aboriginal community school group who sang the song in their own language. Home Among the Gumtrees has a set of mime actions accompanying the chorus which are familiar to people throughout Australia, although their exact origins are unknown. The song has become one of the most frequently recorded Australian compositions of all time and is a standard in Australian folk music. A variety of artists have covered it, ranging from bushbands like

This is a document about Kookaburra (song)
  royalties backdated to 1981, but on 6 July 2010 Justice Jacobson awarded the company 5 per cent of royalties backdated to 2002—believed to be a six-figure sum. On 31 March 2011 an appeal by record company EMI was dismissed by Justices Arthur Emmett, Jayne Jagot and John Nicholas, who concluded there had been an infringement of copyright of the tune "Kookaburra Sits in the Old Gum Tree". One of the band's songwriters, Colin Hay, said afterwards the result was disappointing and they would consider their position after reviewing the judgement more closely. In October 2011 the band lost its final court bid when the High Court of Australia refused to hear an appeal.

This is a document about 1912 in Australian literature
 Louis Esson — Red Gums and Other Verses ; G. Herbert Gibson — Ironbark Splinters from the Australian Bush ; Adam Lindsay Gordon — The Poems of Adam Lindsay Gordon ; Sydney Jephcott — Penetralia ; Norman Lindsay — Norman Lindsay's Book: No. 1 ; Hugh McCrae — "Earth" ; John Shaw Neilson ; "Honeythirst" ; "The Lover Sings" ; "The Petticoat Plays" ; Bernard O'Dowd — The Bush ; Charles Henry Souter — Irish Lords and Other Verses

This is a document about Culture of Australia
  The national anthem of Australia is "Advance Australia Fair". The early Anglo-Celtic immigrants of the 18th and 19th centuries introduced folk ballad traditions which were adapted to Australian themes: "Bound for Botany Bay" tells of the voyage of British convicts to Sydney, "The Wild Colonial Boy" evokes the spirit of the bushrangers, and "Click Go the Shears" speaks of the life of Australian shearers. The lyrics of Australia's best-known folk song, "Waltzing Matilda", were written by the bush poet Banjo Paterson in 1895. This song remains popular and is regarded as "the nation's unofficial national anthem". Well-known singers of Australian folk music include Rolf Harris (who wrote "Tie Me Kangaroo Down Sport"), John Williamson, and Eric Bogle whose 1972 song "And the Band Played Waltzing Matilda" is a sorrowful lament to the Gallipoli Campaign.

This is a document about European Australians
 "Advance Australia Fair" is the national anthem of Australia - Created by the Scottish-born composer Peter Dodds McCormick, the song was first performed in 1878, and was sung in Australia as a patriotic song. It replaced "God Save the Queen". It did not gain its status as the official anthem until 1984, following a plebiscite to choose the national song in 1977. ; "Waltzing Matilda" - Australia's most widely known bush ballad, and has been described as the country's "unofficial national anthem". Scottish-Australian poet Banjo Paterson wrote the words to "Waltzing Matilda" in January 1895 while staying at Dagworth Station, a sheep and cattle station near Winton in western Queensland owned by the Macpherson family. The words were written to a tune played on a zither or autoharp by 31‑year‑old Christina Macpherson, one of the family members at the station. ; "The Song of Australia" - An English-born poet Caroline Carleton wrote the lyrics in 1859 for a competition sponsored by the Gawler Institute. The music for the song was composed by the German-born Carl Linger (1810-1862). Another area of cultural influence are Australian Patriotic songs:

Wally Johnson and Bob Brown (also known as Captain Rock) wrote "Give Me a Home Among the Gum Trees."


Question: what is the river that runs through nashville tn

Answer: Cumberland River

This is a document about Outline of Tennessee
 Rivers of Tennessee

This is a document about Marshall County, Alabama
  Tennessee River

This is a document about Morgan County, Alabama
 Tennessee River

This is a document about Colbert County, Alabama
 Tennessee River

This is a document about Tennessee River
  The Tennessee River is formed at the confluence of the Holston and French Broad rivers in present-day Knoxville, Tennessee. From Knoxville, it flows southwest through East Tennessee into Chattanooga before crossing into Alabama. It travels through the Huntsville and Decatur area before reaching the Muscle Shoals area, and eventually forms a small part of the state's border with Mississippi, before returning to Tennessee. The river misses Georgia by about 250 feet. The Tennessee river’s route northerly through Tennessee defines the boundary between two of Tennessee's Grand Divisions: Middle and West Tennessee. The Tennessee–Tombigbee Waterway, a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers project providing navigation on the Tombigbee River and a link to the Port of Mobile, enters the Tennessee River near the Tennessee-Alabama-Mississippi boundary. This waterway reduces the navigation distance from Tennessee, north Alabama, and northern Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico by hundreds of miles. The final part of the Tennessee's run is north through western Kentucky, where it separates the Jackson Purchase from the rest of the state. It flows into the Ohio River at Paducah, Kentucky.

This is a document about Richland Creek (Tennessee)
 Richland Creek (Nashville, Tennessee) – a stream in the western part of Nashville, Tennessee, in Davidson County that flows into the Cumberland River. ; A tributary of the Tennessee River in Rhea County (northeast of Chattanooga). ; A northern branch of the Holston River, about 20 miles northeast of Knoxville, flowing by the town of Rutledge in Grainger County. ; An eastern tributary of the Tennessee River in Humphreys County, about 70 miles west of Nashville.

This is a document about List of rivers of Tennessee
  This is a list of rivers of the U.S. state of Tennessee:

This is a document about Mill Creek (Davidson County, Tennessee)
  Mill Creek is a 27.9 mi tributary of the Cumberland River that extends through Williamson and Davidson counties in the U.S. state of Tennessee. Via the Cumberland and Ohio rivers, it is part of the Mississippi River watershed. The creek begins near Nolensville, Tennessee, and continues into Metropolitan Nashville, winding through the Antioch, Cane Ridge, South Nashville, and Donelson neighborhoods, before flowing into the Cumberland about 2 mi upstream from downtown Nashville. It is prone to flooding, and was the first site of major flooding during the 2010 Tennessee floods. At least five people were killed as a result of the creek's raging flash flood, and millions of dollars of property damage was reported along Mill Creek. Mill Creek is the only known habitat in the world for the endangered Nashville Crayfish.

This is a document about Cumberland River
  The Cumberland River is a major waterway of the Southern United States. The 688 mi river drains almost 18000 mi2 of southern Kentucky and north-central Tennessee. The river flows generally west from a source in the Appalachian Mountains to its confluence with the Ohio River near Paducah, Kentucky, and the mouth of the Tennessee River. Major tributaries include the Obey, Caney Fork, Stones, and Red rivers. Although the Cumberland River basin is predominantly rural, there are also some large cities on the river, including Nashville and Clarksville, both in Tennessee. Also, the river system has been extensively developed for flood control, with major dams impounding both the main stem and many of its important tributaries.

This is a document about Tennessee
  Tennessee is drained by three major rivers, the Tennessee, Cumberland, and Mississippi. The Tennessee River begins at the juncture of the Holston and French Broad rivers in Knoxville, flows southwest to Chattanooga, and exits into Alabama before reemerging in the western part of the state and flowing north into Kentucky. Its major tributaries include the Clinch, Little Tennessee, Hiwassee, Sequatchie, Elk, Beech, Buffalo, Duck, and Big Sandy rivers. The Cumberland River flows through the north-central part of the state, emerging in the northeastern Highland Rim, passing through Nashville, turning northwest to Clarksville, and entering Kentucky west of the Tennessee River. Its principal branches in Tennessee are the Obey, Caney Fork, Stones, Harpeth, and Red rivers. The Mississippi River drains nearly all of West Tennessee. Its tributaries are the Obion, Forked Deer, Hatchie, Loosahatchie, and Wolf

This is a document about Geography of Tennessee
  The state is drained by three major rivers, the Tennessee, Cumberland, and Mississippi. The Tennessee River begins at the juncture of the Holston and French Broad rivers in Knoxville, flows southwest to Chattanooga, and exits into Alabama before reemerging in the western part of the state and flowing north into Kentucky. Major tributaries of the Tennessee River include the Clinch, Little Tennessee, Hiwassee, Sequatchie, Elk, Beech, Buffalo, Duck, and Big Sandy rivers. The Cumberland River flows through the north-central part of the state, emerging in the northeastern Highland Rim, passing through Nashville and the northern part of the Nashville Basin before turning northwest to Clarksville and entering Kentucky west of the Tennessee River. Its principal branches in Tennessee are the Obey, Caney Fork, Stones, Harpeth, and Red rivers. The Mississippi River forms the state's western boundary, where Memphis lies. Its tributaries are the Obion, Forked Deer, Hatchie,

This is a document about Nashville metropolitan area
  including the Stones, Harpeth, Caney Fork, and Red rivers. A small portion of the southern part of the metropolitan area, including most of Maury County, is within the drainage basin of the Tennessee River. A small part of the northern part of the region is within the Green River watershed. The Nashville metropolitan area is one of the most biodiverse inland regions in the United States, and is home to extremely rare ecosystems known as cedar glades, which are found in areas with shallow limestone bedrock that is largely barren of overlying soil, and are also one of the most endangered ecosystems in the nation, due to the rapid growth of the region.

This is a document about East Nashville, Tennessee
  East Nashville is an area east of downtown Nashville in Tennessee across the Cumberland River. The area is mostly residential and mixed-use areas with businesses lining the main boulevards. The main thoroughfare is Gallatin Avenue and Ellington Parkway with smaller arteries interconnecting the neighborhoods. Some of these smaller arteries include Main Street, Shelby Avenue, Porter Road, Riverside Drive, Eastland Avenue, McFerrrin Avenue, and Woodland Street in no significant order. Ellington Parkway, which parallels Gallatin Avenue and Main Street, bypasses I-24 and I-65 and connects Briley Parkway and downtown Nashville and many other secondary streets along the way. The Cumberland River

This is a document about Tennessee–Georgia water dispute
  The Tennessee River, the largest tributary of the Ohio River, is a 652 mi long river in the southeastern United States. The river drains the Tennessee Valley watershed, and is located within four states: Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and Kentucky. In East Tennessee, the river runs through Chattanooga, whose city limits touch the Tennessee–Georgia border in some places, and runs into Alabama south of Nickajack Dam less than one mile from the tripoint where Tennessee, Georgia, and Alabama meet. The river in Tennessee reaches as close as 200 ft from the Georgia state line in Marion County. The southern border of Tennessee

This is a document about Nashville, Tennessee
  Nashville is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Tennessee. The city is the county seat of Davidson County and is located on the Cumberland River. With a population of 689,447 as of the 2020 United States census, it is the 21st most-populous city in the United States and the third most populous in the Southeastern United States. Named for Francis Nash, a general of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, the city was founded in 1779. The city grew quickly due to its strategic location as a port on the Cumberland River and, in the 19th century, a railroad center. Nashville seceded with Tennessee during the

This is a document about Sevenmile Creek (Tennessee)
  Sevenmile Creek is a 6.6 mi creek in Nashville, Tennessee. It begins at a pond near the intersection of Cloverland Drive and Edmonson Pike near Sterling Oaks in Nashville, Tennessee and is a tributary of Mill Creek. Via Mill Creek, the Cumberland River, and the Ohio River, it is part of the Mississippi River watershed.

This is a document about Tennessee River
   The Tennessee River is the largest tributary of the Ohio River. It is approximately 652 mi long and is located in the southeastern United States in the Tennessee Valley. The river was once popularly known as the Cherokee River, among other names, as the Cherokee people had their homelands along its banks, especially in what are now East Tennessee and northern Alabama. In addition, its tributary the Little Tennessee River, flows into it from Western North Carolina and northeastern Georgia, where it also was bordered by numerous Cherokee towns. Its current name is derived from the Cherokee town, Tanasi, which was located on the Tennessee side of the Appalachian Mountains.

This is a document about "Major" John Buchanan
 History of Nashville, Tennessee

This is a document about Richland Creek (Nashville, Tennessee)
  Richland Creek is a stream in the western part of Nashville, Tennessee, in Davidson County. It winds for 28 mi through the Nashville suburbs of Belle Meade and Forest Hills and eventually flows into the Cumberland River near Rock Harbor Marina at the end of Robertson Avenue. This is one of at least five streams by the name of "Richland Creek" in various regions of Tennessee.

This is a document about Nashville, Tennessee
  River can be seen, along with several well-preserved antebellum plantation houses such as Belle Meade Plantation, Carnton plantation in Franklin, and Belmont Mansion. Nashville has many arts centers and museums, including the Frist Center for the Visual Arts, Cheekwood Botanical Garden and Museum of Art, the Tennessee State Museum, the Johnny Cash Museum, Fisk University's Van Vechten and Aaron Douglas Galleries, Vanderbilt University's Fine Art Gallery and Sarratt Gallery, the National Museum of African American Music, and the full-scale replica of the Parthenon. Nashville has become an increasingly popular destination for bachelor and bachelorette parties. In 2017 Nashville Scene counted 33 bachelorette parties on Lower Broadway ("from Fifth Avenue down to the Cumberland River,

The Tennessee River runs through Nashville, Tennessee.


Question: when was the international red cross established and why

Answer: 1863

This is a document about Indonesian Red Cross Society
  The IRCS was created on 17 September 1945, exactly one month after Indonesia's independence. President Sukarno ordered its inception when a battle between Indonesian soldiers and allied troops broke out, leaving many wounded, on 3 September 1945. Based on the performance, IRCS received an international recognition in 1950 that it was accepted as a member of the International Red Cross and achieved its legal status through Presidential Decree Number 25 of 1959, which was later reinforced by Presidential Decree Number 245 of 1963.

This is a document about British Red Cross
  The British Red Cross was formed in 1870, just seven years after the formation of the international movement in Switzerland. This followed the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871), and a move across Europe to form similar societies. The society was founded as the British National Society for Aid to the Sick and Wounded in War at a public meeting chaired by Robert Loyd-Lindsay in London on 4 August 1870. It assisted in providing aid to both warring armies in the Franco-Prussian War and subsequent 19th-century conflicts, under the protection of the Red Cross Emblem. The society was one of several British volunteer medical organisations to serve in the war. In 1905, 35 years after its formation, the society was reconstituted as the British Red Cross Society, and was granted its first Royal Charter in 1908 by King Edward VII. His consort, Queen Alexandra, became its president.

This is a document about International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
  The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is an international humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers, members and staff worldwide, which was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure respect for all human beings, and to prevent and alleviate human suffering. Within it there are three distinct organisations that are legally independent from each other, but are united within the movement through common basic principles, objectives, symbols, statutes and governing organisations. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), is a private humanitarian institution, which was founded in 1863 in Geneva, Switzerland. Its 25-member committee has a unique authority under international humanitarian law

This is a document about International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
  protect the life and dignity of the victims of international and internal armed conflicts. The ICRC was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize on three occasions (in 1917, 1944 and 1963). The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) was founded in 1919 and today it coordinates between the 192 National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies within the Movement, internationally in close cooperation with the National Societies, relief assistance missions responding to large-scale emergencies. The International Federation Secretariat is based in Geneva, Switzerland. In 1963, the Federation (then known as the League of Red Cross Societies) was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize jointly

This is a document about Italian Red Cross
  The present-day Italian Red Cross was founded under the name of Comitato dell'Associazione Italiana per il soccorso ai feriti ed ai malati in guerra in Milan on June 15, 1864, two months before the signing of the Geneva Convention. On June 20, 1864, the Third Italian War of Independence broke out and four groups of IRC volunteers were sent to Custoza. In 1872, the headquarters were moved to Rome, and a Central Committee was formed. Since then, the IRC has expanded its operations throughout the entire territory of the country, and has been deployed to face a growing array of  activities and emergencies, starting with the Casamicciola earthquake of 1883. The American Red Cross has long been active in Italy, working in cooperation with the Italian Red Cross. Ernest Hemingway worked for the American Red Cross in Italy in 1918. The American Red Cross continues to have an office in Naples, Italy.

This is a document about Canadian Red Cross
  The Canadian Red Cross was established in the fall of 1896 as an affiliate of the British Red Cross Society (then known as the National Society for Aid to the Sick and Wounded in War). George Ryerson, who had founded Canada's St. John Ambulance Association in 1895, spearheaded the organization's founding. The Canadian Red Cross Society Act (1909) legally established the Red Cross as the corporate body in Canada responsible for providing volunteer aid in accordance with the Geneva Conventions. The first international activity of the Canadian Red Cross was treating the sick and wounded in South Africa during the Boer War. After the end of World War I in 1918, the Society began training public health nurses. A children's program designed to promote healthy

This is a document about World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day
  The idea for an "annual action that could take hold in the whole world ... that would be a major contribution to peace" was introduced just after World War I. This initiative, known as the "Red Cross Truce", was studied by an International Commission established at the 14th International Conference of the Red Cross. Its report, presented to the 15th International Conference of the Red Cross in Tokyo in 1934, was approved. It was only after World War II, in 1946, that the Tokyo proposal was studied by the League of Red Cross Societies (LRCS), renamed the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) in 1991. Two years later, having considered the principles of the truce and its applicability across different regions of the world, the proposal of an annual International Red Cross Day was adopted and the first Red Cross Day was celebrated on May 8, 1948. The official title of the day changed over time, and became "World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day" in 1984.

This is a document about Timeline of events in humanitarian relief and development
 1859 (June 24) – Battle of Solferino: Henry Dunant (who went on to found the International Committee of the Red Cross) is inspired to organise to assist the victims of war. ; 1863 – foundation of the International Committee of the Red Cross. ; 1864 – first action of Red Cross delegates at Dybbol, Denmark. ; 1877 – Famine Relief Fund set up in the United Kingdom for people suffering in the 1876-78 Bengal Famine in British India. By the end of October, £426,000 had been raised. ; 1881 – Clara Barton establishes the American Red Cross. ; 1937 – Tan Kah Kee presides over fundraising efforts in which overseas Chinese, especially

This is a document about International Committee of the Red Cross
  as signifiers of national moral superiority. In 1876, the committee adopted the name "International Committee of the Red Cross" (ICRC), which is still its official designation today. Five years later, the American Red Cross was founded through the efforts of Clara Barton. More and more countries signed the Geneva Convention and began to respect it in practice during armed conflicts. In a rather short period of time, the Red Cross gained huge momentum as an internationally respected movement, and the national societies became increasingly popular as a venue for volunteer work. When the first Nobel Peace Prize was awarded in 1901, the Norwegian Nobel

This is a document about Red Cross Medal (Oldenburg)
  The Red Cross Medal was established on 10 August 1907 by Frederick Augustus II, Grand Duke of Oldenburg. The medal was presented for outstanding service in charitable civic service and voluntary nursing. It was presented to men and women who had rendered outstanding services in these areas.

This is a document about Brazilian Red Cross
  In 1907, physician Joaquim de Oliveira Botelho proposed organizing the Brazilian Red Cross in Rio de Janeiro and gained support from members of the Brazilian Historic and Geographic Institute. Articles of Association were drafted and approved on 5 December 1908, and the organization gained recognition as a national branch of the International Committee of the Red Cross in the period from 1910 to 1912. In 1912, the physician Marie Rennotte founded the branch for the state of São Paulo. By 1919, the organization had joined the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies.

This is a document about Finnish Red Cross
  Finnish Red Cross was founded on May 7, 1877 to care for the wounded and sick soldiers of the Finnish Guard in the Russo-Turkish War. The FRC was recognized by the ICRC in 1920 and became a member of IFRC in 1922, when Finland ratified the Geneva Conventions. In 1948 the FRC took the operational responsibility of the blood transfusion services in Finland, which had been operated by the Finnish Scouts since 1935. The FRC Blood Service is a legally independent organization.

This is a document about International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
  the Red Cross (1921, 1923, 1926). The statutes adopted in 1928 at the XIIIth International Conference of the Red Cross in The Hague clarified and confirmed the roles of each entity. In that same year, the "International Council" was founded to coordinate cooperation between the ICRC and the league, a task which was later taken over by the Standing Commission of the Red Cross and Red Crescent. In 1920, the league's "General Council, originally composed of representatives of the victorious Allies", welcomed additional National Societies; 27 out of the 31 member societies were represented in 1920. In the following decade, the league admitted over 25

This is a document about Humanitarian aid
  publishing his foundational text in 1862, progress came quickly for Dunant and his efforts to create a permanent relief society and International Humanitarian Law. The embryonic formation of the International Committee of the Red Cross had begun to take shape in 1863 when the private Geneva Society of Public Welfare created a permanent sub-committee called "The International Committee for Aid to Wounded in Situations of War". Composed of five Geneva citizens, this committee endorsed Dunant's vision to legally neutralize medical personnel responding to wounded soldiers. The constitutive conference of this committee in October 1863 created the statutory foundation of the

This is a document about Disaster medicine
  1755 - 1755 Lisbon Earthquake "What now? We bury the dead and heal the living." 1812 – Napoleonic wars give rise to the military medical practice of triage in an effort to sort wounded soldiers in those to receive medical treatment and return to battle and those whose injuries are non-survivable. Dominique-Jean Larrey, a surgeon in the French emperor's army, not only conceives of taking care of the wounded on the battlefield, but creates the concept of ambulances, collecting the wounded in horse-drawn wagons and taking them to military hospitals. 1863 – International Red Cross founded in Geneva, Switzerland. 1873 – Clara Barton starts

This is a document about Swiss Red Cross
  The Swiss Red Cross was established on 17 July 1866 at the instigation of Federal Councillor Jakob Dubs and the Red Cross members Gustave Moynier and Guillaume-Henri Dufour. After its foundation, the SRC named itself as an "aid organisation [Hülfsverein] for Swiss soldiers and their families". Building the national organisation was, however, full of difficulties. For one thing, there was very little consistency in the organisation of Switzerland at the federal level at this time, and for another the organisation was hindered by political and confessional arguments. Also, Switzerland's neutrality and the existence of the International Committee of the Red Cross as an institution in Swiss civil-society posed further difficulties. In 1882 the Zurich Pfarrer Walter Kempin founded the "Centralverein des Schweizerischen Roten Kreuzes" (Central Verein of the Swiss Red Cross), and

This is a document about Red Cross Society of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
  The society was founded as the "Red Cross Society of North Korea" on 18 October 1946. It was renamed "Red Cross Society of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea" in December 1948, by Decision No. 101 of the Cabinet of North Korea. By 1950 it had become a nation-wide organization. It was admitted into the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) on 11 May 1956. This admittance had a great symbolic importance for North Korea, as the regime had been isolated from almost all of international organizations such as the United Nations, which it only joined in 1991. One of the original tasks for the society was prevention of once prevalent infectious diseases such as

This is a document about Italian Red Cross
  The Italian Red Cross (IRC, Croce Rossa Italiana or CRI) is the Italian national Red Cross society. The Italian Red Cross was one of the original founding members of the International Committee of the Red Cross in 1919.

This is a document about Hong Kong Red Cross
  projects on the Mainland. ; 2003 Prompt response to the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Hong Kong was made by the Hong Kong Red Cross. ; 2006 The Golden Jubilee of Red Cross Youth, Hong Kong. The Hong Kong Red Cross was established on 12 July 1950 as a branch of the British Red Cross Society, in the same year, the first group of lady volunteers was formed. It started to provide blood collection service in 1952, established its first hospital school in 1954 and formed its first cadet unit at St. Francis' Canossian School in 1956.

This is a document about Algerian Red Crescent
  The Algerian Red Crescent society was born out of the preliminary humanitarian missions by the Internal Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) during the Algerian War of 1954–1962. Although the colonial French government did provide Algerian students with education in regards to human rights, they did not have explicit access to these rights in certain politically motivated situations. The need for the International Committee of the Red Cross was represented in their first mission on February 1, 1955, when the organization send aid to detainees and their families, who were experiencing human rights violations and mistreatment during their incarceration. During this time, joined by a medical professional, the ICRC conducted meetings with prison inmates and staff in regards to the condition of sanitary facilities, dorms and kitchens, as well as investigations into medical treatment and healthcare. The

The International Red Cross was established on 17 September 1863 in Geneva, Switzerland, in response to the need to provide humanitarian assistance during the International Sanitary Conference. Its purpose was to prevent and alleviate human suffering and protect human life and health, regardless of nationality, race, religious beliefs, class or political opinions.


Question: where does the process of removal begin for the president

Answer: The House of Representatives

This is a document about List of efforts to impeach presidents of the United States
   The Constitution of the United States gives Congress the authority to remove the president of the United States from office in two separate proceedings. The first one takes place in the House of Representatives, which impeaches the president of The United States of America by approving articles of impeachment through a simple majority vote. The second proceeding, the impeachment trial, takes place in the Senate. There, conviction on any of the articles requires a two-thirds majority vote and would result in the removal from office (if currently sitting), and possible debarment from holding future office. Three United States presidents have been impeached, although none were convicted: Andrew Johnson was in 1868, Bill Clinton was in 1998, and Donald Trump twice, in 2019 and 2021. Richard Nixon resigned as a result of the Watergate Scandal in 1974, after the House Judiciary Committee passed articles of impeachment but before the House could vote to impeach. Many presidents have been subject to demands for impeachment by groups and individuals.

This is a document about President of Iceland
  Article 11 of the constitution lays out the process by which the president can be removed from office. It states that the president does not bear responsibility for the actions of his government and that he can not be prosecuted without consent of the Parliament. A referendum instigated by the Parliament with 3/4 support must approve of his removal. Once the Parliament has approved of the referendum, the president must temporarily step aside until the results of the referendum are known. The referendum must be held within two months of the vote, and, should the removal be rejected by the people, then the Parliament must immediately be dissolved and a new general election held. A removal from office has not occurred since the founding of the republic.

This is a document about President of Hungary
  According to Article 12 of the Basic Law, "the President of the Republic is inviolable". Consequently, all criminal proceedings against the President can only take place after the end of their mandate. However, Article 13 (2) of the Constitution provides for the removal of the President. This can only take place if the President "intentionally violates the Basic Law or another law in the performance of duties, or if they commit an offense voluntarily". In such a case, the motion for removal should be proposed by at least 1/5 of the members of the National Assembly. The indictment procedure is initiated by a decision taken by secret ballot by a majority of 2/3 of the members of the National Assembly. Subsequently, in proceedings before the Constitutional Court, it is determined whether the President should be relieved of their duties. If the Court establishes the responsibility of the President, the President shall be removed from office.

This is a document about Presidency
  High Court. The High Court is a court conveyed by both houses of Parliament. In the United States, the impeachment process begins in the House of Representatives, where the president is first accused of committing either bribery, treason, or other high crimes including misdemeanors. If the House passes a majority vote to impeach the president, the Senate then conducts the trial to remove them from office. If a president is found guilty, he is removed from office and replaced by the vice president for the remainder of the term. If the president is acquitted in court, he will continue to serve the rest of their term as president.

This is a document about Impeachment
  Article 13 of Hungary's Fundamental Law (constitution) provides for the process of impeaching and removing the president. The president enjoys immunity from criminal prosecution while in office, but may be charged with crimes committed during his term afterwards. Should the president violate the constitution while discharging his duties or commit a willful criminal offense, he may be removed from office. Removal proceedings may be proposed by the concurring recommendation of one-fifth of the 199 members of the country's unicameral Parliament. Parliament votes on the proposal by secret ballot, and if two thirds of all representatives agree, the president is impeached. Once impeached, the president's powers are suspended, and the Constitutional Court decides whether or not the President should be removed from office.

This is a document about Security of tenure
 removal from office following impeachment (a formal charge equivalent to a criminal law indictment) by parliament, using weighted majorities (usually a two-thirds majority); ; removal by courts for incapacity (mental, physical or psychological problems make them no longer for the foreseeable future be able to function in office). The standard form of security of tenure offered to officeholders is usually that they can only be removed from office by either of two methods: Most presidents of states worldwide and most monarchs have security of tenure. Governors-General do not and can be dismissed by their head of state when formally advised to do so either by the prime minister or by the cabinet. In the United States, while three presidents were impeached in the over two centuries existence of the presidency, (Andrew Johnson, Bill Clinton and Donald Trump), no president has been removed from office to date.

This is a document about Unite the Right rally
  calls for Trump to resign or be removed from office through either impeachment or through invocation of Section 4 of the 25th Amendment to the Constitution. In an August 15 Twitter post, Democratic House Representative Jackie Speier of California suggested that the never-before-used section of the 25th Amendment (which allows the vice president and either a majority of the cabinet or another body such as Congress to declare that a president is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office) be invoked to remove Trump. However, on August 22, in an interview with Matt Lauer on the Today

This is a document about President of Pakistan
 The chairman of the Senate of Pakistan ; The speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan. The Constitution discusses the possibility of an acting president. Certain office-holders, however, are permitted to stand as presidential candidates in case of vacancy as the constitution does not include a position of vice president: The president may be removed before the expiry of the term through impeachment. The president can be removed for violation of the Constitution of Pakistan. The impeachment process may start in either of the two houses of the Parliament. The house initiates the process by leveling the charges against the president. The charges are contained in a notice that has to be signed by either the chairman or the speaker of the National Assembly through a two-thirds majority. The notice is sent up to

This is a document about Federal government of the United States
  Congress has the power to remove the president, federal judges, and other federal officers from office. The House of Representatives and Senate have separate roles in this process. The House must first vote to "impeach" the official. Then, a trial is held in the Senate to decide whether the official should be removed from office. , three presidents have been impeached by the House of Representatives: Andrew Johnson, Bill Clinton, and Donald Trump (twice). None of the three were removed from office following trial in the Senate.

This is a document about President of Brazil
  is suspended from exercising the functions of office for up to 180 days. In the case of "common criminal offenses", a trial then takes place at the Supreme Federal Court. In the case of "crimes of malversation", which must fall into one of seven broad areas and which is defined in more detail in law, a trial takes place at the Federal Senate. During the trial, the vice president exercises executive power. If the trial does not result in a conviction within 180 days, the president resumes office; a conviction results in removal from office and succession by the vice president. The seven areas are:

This is a document about Presidency
  A president may be removed or impeached from their position in a nation's government for breaking or disregarding various laws or procedures that are written by that nation. The removal or impeachment process varies depending on the nation and their specific form of government. For example, the impeachment process of the president of the United States is quite different from that of France. The president of France is granted what is called the power of immunity throughout their term as the president. This power of immunity states that the president cannot be prosecuted or requested to testify before any jurisdiction. However, they may still be impeached only by

This is a document about President of Belarus
  must make the determination about the state of health before any motion can begin. If the president has committed a grave crime, such as treason, one-third of the House must bring charges against the president formally. The investigation of the charges will be conducted by the Council of the Republic. In order to evict the president from office, a two-thirds majority is needed to vote in favor of conviction. The criminal case is further sent to the Supreme Court for review. The actions of either option must occur one month after the resolution is passed or the action will be considered void by the Constitution.

This is a document about Impeachment
   In the federal system, the Article One of the United States Constitution provides that the House of Representatives has the "sole Power of Impeachment" and the Senate has "the sole Power to try all Impeachments." Article Two provides that "The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors." In the United States, impeachment is the first of two stages; an official may be impeached by a majority vote of the House, but conviction and removal from office in the Senate

This is a document about President of Ireland
  The president can be removed from office in two ways, neither of which has ever been invoked. The Supreme Court, in a sitting of at least five judges, may find the president "permanently incapacitated", while the Oireachtas may remove the president for "stated misbehaviour". Either house of the Oireachtas may instigate the latter process by passing an impeachment resolution, provided at least thirty members move it and at least two-thirds support it. The other house will then either investigate the stated charges or commission a body to do so; following which at least two-thirds of members must agree both that the president is guilty and that the charges warrant removal.

This is a document about Impeachment process against Richard Nixon
  The impeachment process against Richard Nixon began in the United States House of Representatives on October 30, 1973, following the series of high-level resignations and firings widely called the "Saturday Night Massacre" during the course of the Watergate scandal. The House Committee on the Judiciary set up an impeachment inquiry staff and began investigations into possible impeachable offenses by Richard Nixon, the 37th president of the United States. The process was formally initiated on February 6, 1974, when the House granted the Judiciary Committee authority to investigate whether sufficient grounds existed to impeach Nixon of high crimes and misdemeanors under Article II, Section

This is a document about United States Congress
  Johnson, Clinton, and the 2019 trial of Trump all ended in acquittal; in Johnson's case, the Senate fell one vote short of the two-thirds majority required for conviction. In 1974, Richard Nixon resigned from office after impeachment proceedings in the House Judiciary Committee indicated he would eventually be removed from office. The Senate has an important check on the executive power by confirming Cabinet officials, judges, and other high officers "by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate". It confirms most presidential nominees but rejections are not uncommon. Furthermore, treaties negotiated by the President must be ratified by a two-thirds majority vote

This is a document about Chief Justice of the Maldives
  The removal of the chief justice is taken by People's Majlis. The president is not allowed any direct input in the decision, and cannot take any action against it. To be officially removed from office he must get a majority of the People's Majlis to vote in favor of the removal.

This is a document about Second impeachment of Donald Trump
  Impeachment begins in the House of Representatives, where articles of impeachment are drawn up. These articles are then voted on by House members. Each article is voted on separately and requires a simple majority to pass. Once an article has been passed in the House, the president has been impeached. The articles are then sent to the Senate for adjudication with an impeachment trial. After views have been laid out in the trial, the Senate moves to vote on conviction. Each article requires a two-thirds majority of Senators present to pass. If an article passes in the Senate, the president has been convicted and is removed from office. Once the president is convicted, a further vote may then be held which determines whether the (now-former) president is barred from holding future office; this vote passes with a simple majority in the Senate. Because the Senate was not scheduled to reconvene until January 19, 2021, members of Congress discussed holding the trial after Trump had left office. A former president had never been tried by the Senate; however, Secretary of War William W. Belknap was impeached by the House and tried by the Senate after he had resigned.

This is a document about Efforts to impeach Donald Trump
  Many public officials, including state-level and municipal officers, have cited their support for Trump's removal via [[Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution#Section 4: Declaration by vice president and cabinet members of president's inability|Section 4 of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution]]. If invoked by a plurality of United States Cabinet officials and affirmed by Vice President Mike Pence, Trump would be revoked of the presidency of the United States and transfer acting presidential power to Pence until noon on January 20, 2021, when his term is set to expire upon Biden's assumption of office. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi declared on January 7, 2021, that if Trump is not removed through the amendment process, the House of Representatives may proceed with full impeachment proceedings. Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer has also called for Trump's removal via the amendment. That same day, Business Insider reported that Vice President Pence opposed efforts to remove President Trump via the Twenty-fifth Amendment. By January 9, Pence was said to have not ruled out use of the 25th Amendment, out of concern Trump could take a rash action putting the nation at risk.

This is a document about United States presidential transition
  of the presidency are legally transferred to the new president. The 20th Amendment to the Constitution, adopted in 1933, moved the beginning and ending of the terms of the president and vice president from March 4 to January 20, thereby also shortening the transition period. After the election, an outgoing president is commonly referred to as a lame-duck president. A transition can also arise intra-term if a president dies, resigns or is removed from office, though the period may be very short. The Presidential Transition Act of 1963 provides the current mechanisms to facilitate an orderly and peaceful transition of power. Under existing federal law

The process of removing a president begins in the House of Representatives in the United States, where articles of impeachment are passed with a simple majority vote. In Iceland, the process begins with a referendum initiated by the Parliament, and in Hungary, it begins with a proposal by the President of the National Assembly.


Question: what is the name of president of india in 2018

Answer: Ram Nath Kovind

This is a document about 2017 Indian presidential election
  Ram Nath Kovind was declared as the President-elect after the counting of votes which was held on 20 July 2017. He was administered oath by the Chief Justice of India Jagdish Singh Khehar, to take office as the 14th President of India on 25 July 2017 at the Central Hall located in The Parliament House, New Delhi.

This is a document about Presidency of Ram Nath Kovind
  six countries, Madagascar, Equatorial Guinea, Eswatini, Croatia, Bolivia and the Republic of Guinea. Just a few weeks after starting his presidency, Venkaiah Naidu, the BJP candidate for vice president won the 2017 Indian vice presidential election; President Kovind administered the oath of the office. In 2019, he administered the oath of office to Narendra Modi upon his re-election. He has held the office during the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns. He is the first leader from Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh to occupy the office of president of India. He appointed Dipak Mishra, Ranjan Gogoi, Sharad Arvind Bobde and N. V. Ramana as chief justice of the Supreme Court, and other judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts.

This is a document about 2017 Indian presidential election
  A presidential election was held in India on 17 July 2017 with the votes counted and the results announced on 20 July 2017. Ram Nath Kovind became 14th President of India. President Pranab Mukherjee, whose term of office was due to expire on 24 July 2017, declined to seek re-election due to health concerns and old age. Governor of Bihar Ram Nath Kovind of the Bharatiya Janata Party had the backing of the governing National Democratic Alliance coalition, and went up against opposition candidate Meira Kumar of the Indian National Congress in the vote. Kovind secured roughly two-thirds of the votes from the electoral college of elected members of federal, state and union territory legislatures and was elected to a five-year term as President. Kovind's term of office began on 25 July 2017.

This is a document about The Yoga Institute
  Punjab, Rajasthan, Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh for one month Yoga Teacher's Training Program under the National School Teachers Project, sponsored by MDNIY, Ministry of Health (India). In December 2018, The Yoga Institute organized a two days Yoga festival attended by Ramnath Kovind, the President of India, to celebrate its 100th anniversary. The Institute assisted the University of Mumbai and National Council of Educational Research and Training in drafting the syllabus for the yoga course. It is credited for over 500 published works and numerous scientific studies. The institute has partnered with Google Arts & Culture to provide its 400 archival images and artifacts online.

This is a document about 2017 in India
 Presidential elections were held on 17 July 2017 and results were declared on 20 July. Ram Nath Kovind has been elected the President of India..

This is a document about Ram Nath Kovind
  Ram Nath Kovind (born 1 October 1945) is an Indian politician serving as the 14th and current president of India since his inauguration in 2017. He is also the first person from Uttar Pradesh to serve as President of India. Prior to his presidency, he served as the 26th governor of Bihar from 2015 to 2017 and as a member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha from 1994 to 2006. Before entering politics, he was a lawyer for 16 years and practiced in the Delhi High Court and the Supreme Court of India until 1993.

This is a document about President of India
  The president of India (IAST: Bhārat ke Rāṣṭrapati), officially the president of the Republic of India, is the ceremonial head of state of India and the commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces. Ram Nath Kovind is the 14th and current president. The office of president was created when India became a republic on 26 January 1950, when its constitution came into force. The president is indirectly elected by an electoral college comprising both houses of the Parliament of India and the legislative assemblies of each of India's states and territories, who themselves are all directly elected. Although Article 53 of the Constitution of India states that the president can exercise his powers directly or by subordinate authority, with few exceptions, all of the executive powers vested in the president are, in practice, exercised by the prime minister (a subordinate authority) with the help of the Council of Ministers. The president is bound by the constitution to act on the advice of the prime minister and cabinet as long as the advice does not violate the constitution.

This is a document about List of presidents of India
  Sanjiva Reddy, who later became president. Two presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their vice presidents served as acting presidents until a new president was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting presidents held office until the new president, V. V. Giri, was elected. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting president. The 12th president, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to hold the office, elected in 2007. On 25 July 2017, Ram Nath Kovind took office as the 14th president of India.

This is a document about Presidency of Ram Nath Kovind
  The presidency of Ram Nath Kovind began on 2017-07-25, when he took the oath as the fourteenth president of India administered by Chief Justice Jagdish Singh Khehar. Kovind was the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) nominee and defeated the Indian National Congress (Congress)-led United Progressive Alliance (UPA) nominee and former speaker of Lok Sabha, Meira Kumar. Prior to being the presidential nominee, he was the governor of Bihar and a member of parliament in Rajya Sabha. Kovind secured approximately two-thirds of the electoral college vote of the elected members of the federal, state and union territory legislatures. During his presidency, he has undertaken state visits to 28 countries. He has received the highest state honors

This is a document about 2017 in India
 Pranab Mukherjee Portrait.jpg, 13th President of India.]]President of India: Pranab Mukherjee (until July 24), Ram Nath Kovind (since July 25) ; Vice-President of India: Mohammad Hamid Ansari (until August 10), Venkaiah Naidu (since August 11) ; Prime Minister of India: Narendra Modi ; Chief Justice of India: T. S. Thakur (until January 3), Jagdish Singh Khehar (January 5 to August 27), Dipak Misra (since August 28) ; Speaker of the Lok Sabha: Sumitra Mahajan

This is a document about State funeral
  P. Vaswani (2018) ; Ajit Wadekar (2018) ; Shivakumara Swami (2019) ; Vishwesha Teertha (2019) ; Pandit Jasraj (2020) ; Bannanje Govindacharya (2020) ; Roddam Narasimha (2020) ; Vivek (2021) ; Milkha Singh (2021) ; Dilip Kumar (2021) ; Puneeth Rajkumar (2021) In India, State funerals were initially reserved only for current and former Presidents, Prime Ministers, Union ministers and State Chief Ministers. And the decision to accord a state funeral rested initially with the union government. But laws have been changed such that the state government can now decide who will be given a state funeral, depending on the

This is a document about Ricky Kej
  2018, Kej performed for the President of India – Shri Ram Nath Kovind, the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh – Yogi Adityanath, the incumbent minister of the [[Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change|Ministry of Science & Technology, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change and Ministry of Earth Sciences of India]] – Dr Harsh Vardhan, and several other dignitaries of the Indian government as a part of the Indian International Science Festival. Kej also performed at the spiritual headquarters of the Brahma Kumaris to over 10,000 Brahma Kumaris in Mount Abu, Rajasthan. Following this, he headed to Chennai to commemorate the 50th

This is a document about Rahul Gandhi
  Rahul Gandhi (born 19 June 1970) is an Indian politician and a member of the Indian Parliament, representing the constituency of Wayanad, Kerala in the 17th Lok Sabha. A member of the Indian National Congress, he served as the president of the Indian National Congress from 16 December 2017 to 3 July 2019. Gandhi is the chairperson of the Indian Youth Congress, the National Students Union of India also a trustee of Rajiv Gandhi Foundation and Rajiv Gandhi Charitable Trust. Born in New Delhi, Gandhi spent his early childhood between Delhi and Dehradun and stayed away from the public sphere for much of his childhood and early youth. He attained primary education in New Delhi and Dehradun but was later homeschooled because of security

This is a document about 1989 in India
 President of India – R. Venkataraman ; Prime Minister of India – Rajiv Gandhi until 2 December, V. P. Singh ; Chief Justice of India – ; until 18 June – Raghunandan Swarup Pathak ; 19 June – 18 December – Engalaguppe Seetharamiah Venkataramiah ; starting 18 December – Sabyasachi Mukharji

This is a document about 2022 Indian presidential election
  The 2022 Indian presidential election will be the 17th presidential election to be held in India. Ram Nath Kovind is expected to be the incumbent president at the time of the election. Article 56(1) of the Constitution of India provides that the President of India shall remain in office for a period of five years. Consequent to the expiry of the term of President Kovind, an election to fill in the office is expected to be scheduled.

This is a document about List of state leaders in the 21st century
  list) – ; Yeshey Zimba, Prime minister (2000–2001) ; Khandu Wangchuk, Prime minister (2001–2002) ; Kinzang Dorji, Prime minister (2002–2003) ; Jigme Thinley, Prime minister (2003–2004) ; Yeshey Zimba, Prime minister (2004–2005) ; Sangay Ngedup, Prime minister (2005–2006) ; Khandu Wangchuk, Prime minister (2006–2007) ; Kinzang Dorji, Prime minister (2007–2008) ; Jigme Thinley, Prime minister (2008–2013) ; Tshering Tobgay, Prime minister (2013–2018) ; Lotay Tshering, Prime minister (2018–present) India ; Presidents (complete list) – ; K. R. Narayanan, President (1997–2002) ; A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, President (2002–2007) ; Pratibha Patil, President (2007–2012) ; Pranab Mukherjee, President (2012–2017) ; Ram Nath Kovind, President (2017–present) ; Prime ministers

This is a document about Kanpur Dehat district
 Ram Nath Kovind, ex-governor of Bihar and current President of India

This is a document about Sedition
  on Monday against former Jawaharlal Nehru University Students' Union (JNUSU) president Kanhaiya Kumar and others in a sedition case lodged in 2016. On 17 August 2016, Amnesty International India was booked in a case of "sedition" and "promoting enmity" by Bengaluru police. A complaint was filed by ABVP, an all India student organization affiliated to the Hindu Nationalist Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh. In September 2018, Divya Spandana, the Congress Social Media chief was booked for sedition for calling Narendra Modi, the prime minister of India, a thief. On 10 January 2019, a sedition case was registered suo-motto against Hiren Gohain and two others

This is a document about List of presidents of the Indian National Congress
  1984 general election. Gandhi institutionalised the practice of having the same person as the Congress President and the Prime Minister of India after the formation of Congress (I). Her successors Rajiv Gandhi and P. V. Narasimha Rao also continued that practice. Nonetheless in 2004, when the Congress was voted back into power, Manmohan Singh became the first Prime Minister not to be the president of the party since establishment of the practice of the president holding both positions. A total of 61 people have served as the president of the Indian National Congress since its formation. Sonia Gandhi is the longest serving president of the party, having held the office for over twenty years from 1998 to 2017 and since 2019.

This is a document about Pranab Mukherjee
  Pranab Kumar Mukherjee (প্রণব কুমার মুখার্জী); 11 December 193531 August 2020)     was an Indian Statesman who served as the 13th president of India from 2012 until 2017. In a political career spanning five decades, Mukherjee was a senior leader in the Indian National Congress and occupied several ministerial portfolios in the Government of India. Prior to his election as President, Mukherjee was Union Finance Minister from 2009 to 2012. He was awarded India's highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna, in 2019, by his successor as President, Ram Nath Kovind. Mukherjee got his break in politics in 1969 when the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi helped him get elected to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of

Ram Nath Kovind is the name of the President of India in 2018. He was inaugurated on 25 July 2017 and took the oath of office on that day.