Question: when did zambia win the african cup of nations

Answer: 12 February 2012

This is a document about February 2012 in sports
 Africa Cup of Nations in Equatorial Guinea and Gabon: ; Final:  0–0 (8–7 pen.)  🇨🇮 côte d'ivoire ; Zambia win the title for the first time.

This is a document about Zambia
  its triumphant moments in football history. At the Seoul Olympics in 1988, the national team defeated the Italian national team with a score of 4–0. Kalusha Bwalya, Zambia's most celebrated football player, and one of Africa's greatest football players in history scored a hat trick in that match. However, to this day, many pundits say the greatest team Zambia has ever assembled was the one that perished on 28 April 1993 in a plane crash at Libreville, Gabon. Despite this, in 1996, Zambia was ranked 15th on the official FIFA World Football Team rankings, the highest attained by any southern African team. In 2012, Zambia won the African Cup of Nations for the first

This is a document about Zambian Coca-Cola Cup
 Zambia cup history

This is a document about Football Association of Zambia
  The Zambia national football team represents Zambia in association football and is governed by the Football Association of Zambia. During the 1980s, they were known as the KK 11, after founding president Dr. Kenneth Kaunda ("KK") who ruled Zambia from 1964 to 1991. After the country adopted multiparty politics, the side was nicknamed Chipolopolo, the "Copper Bullets". The team has three Africa Cup of Nations final appearances to its credit. They were once holders of the Africa Cup of Nations, winning in the 2012 final against Ivory Coast.

This is a document about Zambia national football team
  The Zambia national football team represents Zambia in men's international association football and it is governed by the Football Association of Zambia (FAZ). During the 1980s, they were known as the KK 11, after founding president Dr. Kenneth Kaunda ("KK") who ruled Zambia from 1964 to 1991. After the country adopted multiparty politics, the side was nicknamed Chipolopolo, the "Copper Bullets". The team has three Africa Cup of Nations final appearances to its credit, winning the 2012 tournament with victory over Ivory Coast in the final. The team has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup finals.

This is a document about Eighteam
  and Johnson Bwalya also were not aboard. The Football Association of Zambia then put all their efforts into building a new team. The new team qualified for the 1994 Africa Cup of Nations and only lost to Nigeria in the final. Kalusha Bwalya, went on to become the national team coach and president of the Football Association of Zambia. Eighteen years and 9 months later, Zambia won the 2012 Africa Cup of Nations in Gabon and Equatorial Guinea, with the finals taking place a short distance from the place of the 1993 crash. Zambia became African champions for the first time, beating the favourite Ivory Coast after a long penalty shoot-out. The film's name is derived from the fact that 18 players perished in the crash, there were 18 penalties in the final and 18 years between the crash and the final match.

This is a document about Football in Zambia
  The national team has expericed success also they were once holders of the Africa Cup of Nations, winning in the 2012 final against Ivory Coast. Football is the most popular sport in Zambia. Godfrey Chitalu has been described as "the greatest Zambian player ever".

This is a document about 2012 Africa Cup of Nations
  teams in each group proceeding. These eight teams advanced to the knockout stage, where three rounds of play decided which teams would participate in the final. Both host nations, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon, were eliminated from the competition at the quarter final stage. In the final, unfancied Zambia defeated third-time finalists Ivory Coast after a dramatic penalty shootout, despite the fact that Ivory Coast did not concede a single goal during the entire tournament, giving Zambia their first continental title. Manager Hervé Renard dedicated their win to the members of the national team who died in a plane crash near the final's venue in Libreville in 1993.

This is a document about Algeria at the Africa Cup of Nations
  Algeria have appeared in the finals of the Africa Cup of Nations on eighteen occasions. The side's first participation was in 1968 in Ethiopia. Algeria has won the cup twice: the first time was when they hosted the tournament in 1990, and they won a second title in the 2019 edition, held in Egypt. Algeria also finished second in the 1980 edition, held in Nigeria, and third in the 1984 and 1988 editions, held in Ivory Coast and Morocco respectively.

This is a document about Kenneth Malitoli
  1994 final in Tunis where he emerged as Zambia's joint top scorer, netting the winning goal against Ivory Coast in the group stage and the last goal in Zambia's 4–0 defeat of Mali in the semi-finals. He was on the score sheet when Zambia beat Egypt 4–0 in Cairo in August 1994 to win the Egypt '94 tournament and captained the team in Roald Poulsen's first game as Zambian coach, a 1996 CAN Cup qualifier against South Africa in Lusaka. With an out of sorts Zambia trailing to a Doctor Khumalo goal, a rash challenge by Phil Masinga on Happy

This is a document about Zambia national football team
  2006, Zambia did not pass the first round, except in 2004 when they failed to qualify. On September 3, 2006, at home, Zambia achieved the biggest victory in its history against Djibouti, winning 10–0. During the 2008 Africa Cup of Nations, Zambia finished third in the group with a 3–0 victory against Sudan (goals by James Chamanga, Jacob Mulenga and Felix Katongo), a draw (1–1 against Egypt, goal from Chris Katongo) and loss (1–5 against Cameroon, goal from Chris Katongo). In 2010, Zambia finished first in her group and faced Nigeria in the quarter-finals where she lost on penalties. Jacob Mulenga and Emmanuel Mbola were included in the tournament's Best XI.

This is a document about 2015 Africa Cup of Nations Final
  their 20th Africa Cup of Nations tournament, their sole victory coming in 1992 when they defeated Ghana on sudden death in a penalty shootout at the end of a goalless draw. They later played in the final in 2006 and 2012, losing in shootouts after goalless draws against Egypt and Zambia respectively. Ghana also appeared in their 20th tournament, and their 9th final. They had previously won 4 (1963, 1965, 1978, 1982) and lost 4 (1968, 1970, 1992, 2010). At the start of the tournament, Ivory Coast were 3rd among African nations FIFA World Rankings (28th in the world), while Ghana were 5th (37th in the world).

This is a document about DR Congo national football team
  The Democratic Republic of the Congo had its first international success at the 1968 African Cup of Nations held in Ethiopia, beating Ghana 1–0 in the final. The team's biggest ever win came on 22 November 1969 when they recorded a 10–1 home victory against Zambia. Although a handful of Congolese players were playing in Europe (particularly Belgium) during these years, foreign-based players were seldom recalled for international duty; a rare exception was Julien Kialunda who represented Zaire (as the country was by then known) at the 1972 African Cup of Nations while playing for Anderlecht. The second continental title came at the 1974 African Cup of

This is a document about Zambia national football team
  After two previous attempts to participate in the African Cup of Nations, the Zambia national football team succeeded in qualifying for the first time in 1974. In the first round, they beat Côte d'Ivoire (1–0, goal from Simon Kaushi), lost against Egypt (1-3, goal from Godfrey Chitalu) and beat Uganda (1–0, goal from Obby Kapita), finishing second in the group and qualified for the semi-finals, where they beat Congo (4–2, a Bernard Chanda hat-trick and Joseph Mapulanga's goal). In the final, Zaire and Zambia drew 2-2 (goals from Simon Kaushi and Brighton Sinyangwe) and had to have a replay for the title but, two days after the first match, Zambia lost 2-0 and saw their title aspirations disappear. However this was viewed with great pride considering it was their first participation in the tournament.

This is a document about 1993 Zambia national football team plane crash
  The Chipolopolo were a very promising Zambia national team. At the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul they thrashed Italy 4–0, including a hat-trick from Kalusha Bwalya, who won the African Footballer of the Year later that year. They had their eyes on the 1994 Africa Cup of Nations trophy, having finished third in the 1990 edition, and a place at their first World Cup. All 30 passengers and crew, including 18 players, as well as the national team coach and support staff, died in the accident. The Chipolopolo's captain, Kalusha Bwalya—later national team coach and president of the Football Association of Zambia (FAZ)—was not aboard the flight as he was in the

This is a document about Ben Bamfuchile
  All Africa Games in Johannesburg in 1999, losing the first game 4–1 to Cameroun but recovering to reach the final where they lost to Cameroun again but this time on penalties after a goalless draw and Zambia went away with the silver medal. However, it was not all plain-sailing and the cracks started appearing when Zambia lost a COSAFA Cup game 1–0 to Angola earning Bamfuchile the dubious distinction of being the coach who lost Zambia's record of not losing a home game for 14 years. In the run-up to the CAN 2000, Bamfuchile worked in difficult circumstances as the Zambian Football Association (FAZ) was at loggerheads with the government

This is a document about Africa Cup of Nations
  their first-round elimination. Nigeria, who had just qualified to the World Cup for the first time in their history, won the tournament, beating Zambia, who a year before had been struck by disaster when most of their national squad died in a plane crash while traveling to play a 1994 World Cup qualification match. Nigerian forward Rashidi Yekini, who had led the 1992 tournament with four goals, repeated as the top scorer with five goals. South Africa hosted the 20th ACN competition in 1996, marking its first ever appearance after a decades-long ban was lifted with the end of

This is a document about Zambia national football team
  The Zambia national football team has participated in the COSAFA Cup in all its editions, and has won it five times in 1997, 1998, 2006, 2013 and 2019) and a six-time losing finalist in 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2017 and 2018. In 2005, Collins Mbesuma was the competition's top scorer with 4 goals.

This is a document about Brightwell Banda
  first ever CECAFA success in Uganda in December 1984. His reward was a promotion from Lt. Colonel to full Colonel in the army. The following year, Banda became the first Zambian to sign a full-time contract as national team coach when he signed a three-year deal and he underlined this when Zambia demolished Cameroun 4–1 in Lusaka in a World Cup qualifier and went through to the next round after a 1–1 draw in Yaoundé in the second leg. They however lost to Algeria 3–0 on aggregate to bow out of the race but knocked out Nigeria of the CAN ‘86 qualifying

This is a document about Africa Cup of Nations
  Between 1980 and 1990, Cameroon managed to reach the final of the Africa Cup three times in a row, winning the competition twice in 1984 and 1988 and losing once on penalties against Egypt in the 1986 edition, the other dominant team during this period was Algeria, along with their solid 1982 and decent 1986 World Cup appearances, the North African nation lost in the final against hosts Nigeria in the 1980 tournament allowing the super eagles to capture their first championship. After the 1980 edition, Algeria reached the semi finals of every edition except the 1986 cup until they eventually won the competition in 1990. Ghana's fourth continental title came in the 1982 cup tournament where they beat host Libya in the final. The match ended in a 1–1 draw after 120 minutes and Ghana won the penalty shootout to become champions.

Zambia won the African Cup of Nations in 2012.


Question: who played benjamin button as an old man

Answer: Brad Pitt

This is a document about The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film)
  The Curious Case of Benjamin Button is a 2008 American fantasy romantic drama film directed by David Fincher. The storyline by Eric Roth and Robin Swicord is loosely based on the 1922 short story of the same name by F. Scott Fitzgerald. The film stars Brad Pitt as a man who ages in reverse and Cate Blanchett as the love interest throughout his life. The film also stars Taraji P. Henson, Mahershala Ali, Julia Ormond, Jason Flemyng, Elias Koteas, and Tilda Swinton. Producer Ray Stark bought the film rights to do the short story in the mid-1980s with Universal Pictures backing the film, but struggled to get the project off the ground until he sold the rights to producers Kathleen Kennedy and Frank Marshall in the 1990s. Although it was moved to Paramount Pictures in the 1990s, the film did not enter

This is a document about 13th Satellite Awards
 The Curious Case of Benjamin Button – Eric Roth and Robin Swicord ; Doubt – John Patrick Shanley ; Elegy – Philip Roth ; The Reader – David Hare ; Revolutionary Road – Justin Haythe ; Slumdog Millionaire – Simon Beaufoy Frost/Nixon – Peter Morgan

This is a document about List of Regular Show characters
  Buttonwillow McButtonwillow (voiced by Armin Shimerman) is an old man who appeared in "The Best VHS in the World". After he steals the tape that Mordecai and Rigby need to return, they follow him to his hideout. After some convincing, he agrees to help them return the tape in exchange for being allowed to rent it again. In the end, he receives his own rental card and uses it to rent the tape.

This is a document about Online Film Critics Society Awards 2008
 The Curious Case of Benjamin Button – Kirk Baxter & Angus Wall ; The Dark Knight – Lee Smith ; Milk – Elliot Graham ; WALL-E – Stephen Schaffer Slumdog Millionaire – Chris Dickens

This is a document about Chicago Film Critics Association Awards 2008
 The Curious Case of Benjamin Button – Eric Roth ; The Dark Knight – Jonathan Nolan and Christopher Nolan ; Doubt – John Patrick Shanley ; Frost/Nixon – Peter Morgan Slumdog Millionaire – Simon Beaufoy

This is a document about St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association Awards 2008
 Frost/Nixon – Peter Morgan ; The Curious Case of Benjamin Button – Eric Roth and Robin Swicord ; Gran Torino – Nick Schenk ; Slumdog Millionaire – Simon Beaufoy ; Milk – Dustin Lance Black

This is a document about Brad Pitt
  He was later cast as Benjamin Button, the lead in David Fincher's 2008 film The Curious Case of Benjamin Button, a loosely adapted version of a 1921 short story by F. Scott Fitzgerald. The story follows a man who is born an octogenarian and ages in reverse, with Pitt's "sensitive" performance making Benjamin Button a "timeless masterpiece", according to Michael Sragow of The Baltimore Sun. The performance earned Pitt his first Screen Actors Guild Award nomination, as well as a fourth Golden Globe and second Academy Award nomination, all in the category for Best Actor. The film received thirteen Academy Award nominations, and grossed $329 million at the box office worldwide.

This is a document about Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor
  Tommy Lee Jones as Hank Deerfield – In the Valley of Elah ; Frank Langella as Leonard Schiller – Starting Out in the Evening Richard Jenkins as Walter Vale – The Visitor ; Frank Langella as Richard Nixon – Frost/Nixon ; Brad Pitt as Benjamin Button – The Curious Case of Benjamin Button ; Mickey Rourke as Robin Ramzinski / Randy "The Ram" Robinson – The Wrestler Jeff Bridges as Otis "Bad" Blake – Crazy Heart ; Colin Firth as George Falconer – A Single Man ; Morgan Freeman as Nelson Mandela – Invictus ; Jeremy Renner as SFC. William

This is a document about David Fincher
  project was The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (2008), an adaptation of F. Scott Fitzgerald's eponymous 1923 short story, about a man who is born as a seventy-year-old baby and ages in reverse. The romantic-drama marked Fincher's third collaboration with Brad Pitt, who stars opposite Cate Blanchett. The budget for the film was estimated to be $167 million, with very expensive visual effects utilized for Pitt's character. Filming started in November 2006 in New Orleans, taking advantage of Louisiana's film incentive. The film was theatrically released on December 25, 2008, in the United States to a commercial success and warm reception. Writing for the USA Today, Claudia Puig praises the "graceful and

This is a document about San Diego Film Critics Society Awards 2008
  The Curious Case of Benjamin Button

This is a document about London Film Critics Circle Awards 2008
 Eric Roth – The Curious Case of Benjamin Button ; Peter Morgan – Frost/Nixon ; Martin McDonagh – In Bruges ; David Hare – The Reader Simon Beaufoy – Slumdog Millionaire

This is a document about Red Buttons
  Red Buttons (born Aaron Chwatt; February 5, 1919 – July 13, 2006) was an American actor and comedian. He won an Oscar and a Golden Globe for his supporting role in the 1957 film Sayonara. He was nominated for awards for his acting work in films such as They Shoot Horses, Don't They?, Harlow, and Pete's Dragon. Buttons played a lead role, that of Private John Steele, in the 1962 international ensemble cast film, The Longest Day.

This is a document about Online Film Critics Society Awards 2008
 The Curious Case of Benjamin Button – Eric Roth ; The Dark Knight – Jonathan Nolan & Christopher Nolan ; Frost/Nixon – Peter Morgan ; Slumdog Millionaire – Simon Beaufoy Let the Right One In – John Ajvide Lindqvist

This is a document about All the President's Men (film)
  Redford first selected Al Pacino to play Bernstein, but after some thought, he decided that Dustin Hoffman was a better fit for the role. Jason Robards was always Redford's choice to play Ben Bradlee. Bradlee initially recommended George C. Scott for the role, and he was somewhat unimpressed when Robards showed up at the Post offices to develop a feel for the newsroom. In advance of the shoot, Bradlee told Robards: "Just don't make me look like an asshole". At first, Pakula was worried that Robards could not carry Bradlee's easy elegance and command authority. Karl Malden, Hal Holbrook (who would play Deep Throat), John Forsythe, Leslie Nielsen, Henry Fonda, Richard Widmark, Christopher Plummer, Anthony Quinn, Gene Hackman, Burt Lancaster, Robert Stack, Robert Mitchum and Telly Savalas were also considered for the role. Character actor Martin Balsam played managing

This is a document about The Double Life of Henry Phyfe
  Buttons noted that, unlike Agent Maxwell Smart in NBC's new hit Get Smart, his character was shy, used no gadgets in his work, and was an impostor, not an actual agent. Phyfe's CIS boss was played by veteran character actor Fred Clark, who bore a superficial physical resemblance to Smart's "Chief" played by Edward Platt. The show marked Buttons' return to weekly television after his variety show had ended a three-year run in 1955. During the interim, Buttons found roles in 15 different motion pictures, including an Academy Award-winning performance in the 1957 Marlon Brando film, Sayonara. The concept of an "every man" recruited to impersonate someone of importance has been used for many years in literature (for example, The Prisoner of Zenda). A few months after the series' cancellation, the animated film, The Man Called Flintstone, featured the same premise as Henry Phyfe, while another TV series, The Man Who Never Was, debuted in the fall of 1966 with the premise reversed as a spy found himself impersonating a businessman who had been killed.

This is a document about Kazu Hiro
  visiting from the United States. In 1996, Kazu Hiro moved to Los Angeles to work with Yang and Smith's protege, Rick Baker, on his first U.S. work, Men in Black. Continuing his work with Baker, Kazu Hiro worked on many projects including Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas for which he won a BAFTA. Kazu Hiro crafted the silicone model of Brad Pitt's head used to artificially age him via CGI for The Curious Case of Benjamin Button in 2008. In 2012, Kazu Hiro created the prosthetics which turned Joseph Gordon-Levitt into a young Bruce Willis for Looper. After his work on Looper, Kazu Hiro retired from the film industry and focus on sculpture, crafting giant busts of people such as Frida Kahlo,

This is a document about Peer Gynt
  supporting or bit roles, among them Sybil Thorndike as Åse, and Laurence Olivier as the Button Molder. In 1951, John Garfield fulfilled his wish to star in a Broadway production, featuring Mildred Dunnock as Åse. This production was not a success, and is said by some to have contributed to Garfield's death at age 39. On film, years before he became a superstar, the seventeen-year-old Charlton Heston starred as Peer in a silent, student-made, low-budget film version of the play produced in 1941. Peer Gynt, however, has never been given a full-blown treatment as a sound film in English on the motion picture

This is a document about Masato Sako
 Gary Oldman ; Léon: The Professional (1997 VHS edition) (Norman "Stan" Stansfield) ; The Fifth Element (1999 NTV edition) (Jean-Baptiste Emanuel Zorg) ; Air Force One (Ivan Korshunov) ; Lost in Space (Doctor Zachary Smith) ; 8mm (Daniel Longdale (Anthony Heald)) ; Before and After (Ben Ryan (Liam Neeson)) ; Ben-Hur (2000 DVD edition) (Pontius Pilate (Frank Thring)) ; Beetlejuice (Charles Deetz (Jeffrey Jones)) ; The Brothers McMullen (Jack McMullen (Jack Mulcahy)) ; Executive Decision (Doctor David Grant (Kurt Russell)) ; Fargo (Jerry Lundegaard (William H. Macy)) ; From the Earth to the Moon (Buzz Aldrin (Bryan Cranston)) ; Ghostbusters II (1998 TV Asahi edition) (Louis Tully

This is a document about Chicago Film Critics Association Awards 2008
 The Curious Case of Benjamin Button – Alexandre Desplat ; The Dark Knight – Hans Zimmer and James Newton Howard ; Milk – Danny Elfman ; Slumdog Millionaire – A. R. Rahman WALL-E – Thomas Newman

This is a document about A Christmas Story
  Lamp scene. In the DVD commentary, director Bob Clark mentions that Jack Nicholson was considered for the role of the Old Man; Clark expresses gratitude that he ended up with Darren McGavin instead, who later appeared in several other Clark films. He cast Melinda Dillon on the basis of her similar role in Close Encounters of the Third Kind. Some 8,000 actors auditioned for the role of Ralphie, among the 8,000 actors were Keith Coogan, Sean Astin and Wil Wheaton; "He walked in, and he had us from the beginning," Clark later recalled of Peter Billingsley who was already a successful actor in commercials and from co-hosting the TV series Real People. Clark initially wanted him for the role of Ralphie, but decided he was "too obvious" a choice and auditioned many

Brad Pitt played Benjamin Button as an old man in the film "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button."


Question: who takes over if the president is removed from office

Answer: Vice President

This is a document about President of Burundi
  If the president is temporarily unable to carry out their duties, then the first vice-president assumes the duties of the president until the president is again able to perform their role. If neither the president nor the first vice-president are present, then the second vice-president assumes the duties of the president. If the president dies, resigns, or is otherwise made permanently unable to carry out their duties, then the duties of the president are carried out by the president of the National Assembly. If the president of the National Assembly is not able to act as president, then the vice-presidents, with assistance from the rest of the government, act jointly as president. A new election for president is immediately conducted unless an emergency has been declared by the Constitutional Court.

This is a document about History of Turkish presidential elections
  In case of a temporary absence of the president on account of illness, travel abroad, or similar circumstances, the Vice President serves as acting president, and exercises the powers of the president until the president resumes his functions, and if the presidency falls vacant as a result of death or resignation or for any other reason, until the election of a new president.

This is a document about 1997 Constitution of Fiji: Chapter 7
  the President in the event of the President being absent or otherwise unable to carry out his duties. If the President and Vice-President are both unable to perform Presidential duties, the Speaker of the House of Representatives may carry out the necessary functions. In the event of the death, resignation, or incapacitation of the President, a new President and Vice-President must be appointed within three months. The Vice-President is authorized to exercise the functions of the presidency while the office is vacant. The Vice-President may be a candidate to fill the vacancy, but does not automatically succeed to it. This

This is a document about Philippine presidential line of succession
 If the president dies, becomes permanently disabled, is removed from office, or resigns, the vice president becomes the president and serves the unexpired term ; If both the president and the vice president die, become permanently disabled, are removed from office, or resign, the president of the Senate or, in case of their inability, the speaker of the House of Representatives, will act as president until a president or vice president is elected and qualifies ; If the acting president dies, becomes permanently disabled, is removed from office, or resigns, Congress shall, by law, provide who shall serve as president. They shall serve until the president or the vice president shall have been elected and qualified, and be subject to the same restrictions of powers and disqualifications as the acting president

This is a document about President of the People's Republic of China
  Article 84 of the Constitution of China. If the office of president falls vacant, then the vice-president succeeds to the office. If both offices fall vacant, then the chairman of the NPC Standing Committee temporarily acts as president until the NPC can elect a new president and vice-president.

This is a document about Article Two of the United States Constitution
  vice president becomes president, and also establishes a procedure for filling a vacancy in the office of the vice president. The Amendment further provides that the president, or the vice president and Cabinet, can declare the president unable to discharge his or her duties, in which case the vice president becomes Acting president. If the declaration is done by the vice president and Cabinet, the Amendment permits the president to take control back, unless the vice president and Cabinet challenge the president and two-thirds of both Houses vote to sustain the findings of the vice president and Cabinet. If the declaration is done by the president, he or she may take control back without risk of being overridden by the Congress.

This is a document about Student government president
  In democratic student government, the Vice President generally ascends to the position of President in the situation that the incumbent is unable to discharge his/her duties permanently, resigns, or is impeached and removed from office by a student council or senate (in a manner similar to that of the United States Government). In case of the occurrence of any of the above 2 months or less before the student government elections, the Vice President is sworn in as interim president, lacking the ability to make any drastic policy changes. In case of the vacancy of the office of the Vice

This is a document about Brazilian presidential line of succession
  Should a president die, resign or be removed from office, a vice-president succeeds as president. The other officers in the line of succession do not become president in those cases. Instead, the next available person in line merely becomes acting president, and the Constitution dictates that, whenever both the presidency and the vice-presidency become vacant, new elections are to be held. So in the case of an acting president taking office due to a double vacancy in the presidency and vice-presidency, the acting president serves only until the special election takes place and the newly elected president and vice-president are

This is a document about United States presidential line of succession
   The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which the vice president of the United States becomes president of the United States or assumes the presidential powers and duties, via the president's death, resignation, removal from office (via impeachment conviction) or incapacity. Officials of the United States federal government (other than the vice president) assume the powers and duties of the presidency, if the president and vice president both become incapacitated, die, resign, or are removed from office, simultaneously. The order of succession specifies that the office passes to the vice president; if the vice presidency is simultaneously vacant, or

This is a document about President of Egypt
  In the case of temporary incapacitation of the president, the constitution provides the president to relinquish his powers to the vice president or the prime minister. However the person who takes office is limited in power as the new president can not dissolve the parliament, propose constitutional amendments or remove the cabinet from office. In case of the vacancy of the presidential office or the permanent incapacitation of the President, the Speaker of the People's Assembly shall temporarily assume the presidency. In case the People's Assembly is dissolved at such a time, the President of the Supreme Constitutional Court shall take over the presidency on condition that neither shall nominate themself for the presidency. Both are also limited in power as in they can not dissolve the parliament,

This is a document about Vice-President of Mauritius
  In the event of the death, resignation or removal of the president, the vice-president ascends to the presidency, which he or she holds as acting president. The vice-president nevertheless cannot succeed to the presidency in case of dismissal, resignation or death of the head of state but he can be nominated by the parliament to succeed to the president and if elected, his term will start for a full mandate of five years.

This is a document about Acting president of the United States
  An acting president of the United States is an individual who legitimately exercises the powers and duties of the president of the United States even though that person does not hold the office in their own right. There is an established presidential line of succession in which officials of the United States federal government may be called upon to take on presidential responsibilities if the incumbent president becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, is removed from office (by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate) during their four-year term of office; or if a president-elect has not been chosen before Inauguration Day or has failed to qualify by that date. Presidential succession is referred to multiple times in

This is a document about Egyptian Constitution of 1971
  According to Article 84 of the constitution, the speaker of the People's Assembly is first in the order of succession to become acting President of Egypt if the president dies, becomes incapacitated or resigns. If the People's Assembly is dissolved at the time of a vacancy the President of the Supreme Constitutional Court shall take over the Presidential duties. Within 60 days after a vacancy of the post presidential elections should be held.

This is a document about Brazilian presidential line of succession
  As stated above, the only constitutional successor of a president is his vice president. Only a vice president becomes president in the event of death, removal or resignation of the elected president. However, the vice president, in addition to being the president's only potential successor, is also his first substitute, serving as acting president when the president is abroad, or when the president is suspended pending an impeachment process, or when the president is otherwise incapacitated (e.g., for medical reasons). The line of presidential substitutes comprises, in addition to the vice president, the president of the Chamber of Deputies, the president of the Federal Senate, and the president of the Supreme Federal Court, in that order. Those officers are called, in that order, to discharge the powers and duties of the presidency, as acting president, when both the president and vice president are not within

This is a document about President of Colombia
  In absence of both the president and the vice president, Article 203 of the Constitution of 1991 establishes that the presidential office will be assumed by a minister in the order of precedence established by law. The assuming minister has to be a member of the same party or movement the original president belonged to, and will exercise the presidency until the Congress, within the 30 days following the presidential vacancy, elects a new vice president who will assume the presidency.

This is a document about Vice president
  or organization is to be prepared to assume the powers and duties of the office of the president in the case of a vacancy in that office. If the office of president becomes vacant, the vice president (or in clubs with multiple vice presidents, the VP that occupies the highest-ranking office), will assume the office of president, with the lower vice presidents to fill in the remaining vice presidencies, leaving the lowest vice presidency to be filled by either election or appointment. If the bylaws of a club specifically provide of the officer title of president-elect, that officer would assume the powers and duties of the president upon vacancy of that office only if specified in the bylaws.

This is a document about Brazilian presidential line of succession
  The vice-president, or, should the vice-presidency be vacant or the vice-president unavailable, the next person in the line of succession, takes office as acting president whenever the president is under an incapacity that impedes him from discharging the powers and duties of the presidency. The vice-president, or the next available person in the line of succession, also assumes the powers of the presidency as acting president if, authorized by the Chamber of Deputies, the Senate votes to start a trial on charges of impeachment presented against the president. The admission of the charges requires the positive vote of two thirds of the members of the Chamber of Deputies. Once accepted, the charges are sent to the Senate

This is a document about Acting president of the United States
  creation of the department, beginning with the secretary of state. If the president dies, resigns, or is removed from office, the vice president automatically becomes president. Likewise, were a president-elect to die during the transition period, or decline to serve, the vice president-elect would become president on Inauguration Day. A vice president can also become the acting president if the president becomes incapacitated. However, should the presidency and vice presidency both become vacant, the statutory successor called upon would not become president, but would only be acting as president. To date, three vice presidents—George H. W. Bush (once), Dick Cheney (twice) and Kamala Harris (once)—have served as acting president. No one lower in the presidential line of succession has so acted.

This is a document about President of Sri Lanka
  Succession to or vacancies in the office of president may arise under several possible circumstances: death or incapacity, resignation and removal from office. In the case when the president is unable to perform their duties, their powers are temporarily transferred to the prime minister until confirmed by Parliament.

This is a document about President of Guyana
  President is able to resume office. The constitution also makes provision for a scenario where a president is too ill to transmit the above instructions. In the event this occurs, the temporary succession would proceed, however the person acting as president is prevented from dissolving the National Assembly without the advice of the Cabinet, and may not revoke Presidential appointments. The person acting as president will cease to do so when the substantive president informs them that he/she is well and able to resume office. The office of President only becomes vacant in the following circumstances: Where a vacancy in the office exists in the above circumstances, the Prime Minister becomes the new substantive President rather than being an Acting President.

If the president is removed from office, the vice-president takes over as acting president until new elections are held. If the vice-presidency is vacant, the president of the National Assembly assumes the duties of the presidency.


Question: who wrote the song back in the new york groove

Answer: Russ Ballard

This is a document about New York Groove
  Ace Frehley, best known as the lead guitarist of Kiss, recorded "New York Groove" for his first solo album, Ace Frehley, released in 1978; the album was released concurrently with solo albums from the other three Kiss members: Peter Criss, Gene Simmons and Paul Stanley. Frehley originally "scoffed" at the idea of the remake, but co-producer Eddie Kramer persisted. It was released as a single and the song made it to No. 13 on the Billboard Hot 100, by far the highest-charting single from any of the four solo albums. Frehley once told Rolling Stone magazine that his unique take on the song was inspired by his experience

This is a document about New York Groove
  "New York Groove" is a song written by English singer/songwriter Russ Ballard, which was a hit for two different artists: the band Hello in 1975, and Ace Frehley in 1978.

This is a document about Kiss (band)
  large shipments, none of the albums sold particularly well and were later sold as cut-outs. Of the four, Simmons's album charted the highest in the U.S., peaking at #22, while Frehley's spawned the only resulting Top Forty hit single, a cover of "New York Groove", written by Russ Ballard and originally performed by Hello. The second part of Kiss's and Aucoin's plan called for the band to appear in a film that would cement its image of larger-than-life rock-and-roll superheroes. Filming commenced in the spring of 1978. Although the project was proposed to the band as a cross between A Hard Day's

This is a document about Empire State of Mind
  keyboardist Nancy Whang. In May 2011, at 64th Cannes Film Festival, British singer-songwriter Jamie Cullum performed a piano medley of Frank Sinatra's "New York, New York" and "Empire State of Mind" in honour of Robert De Niro. In February 2012, British singer Ed Sheeran did a soulful acoustic rendition of the song at BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge. Sheeran later sang it as a duet with Jason Mraz at the Jingle Ball Viewing Party in December 2012. In April 2012, British glam rock band Sweet released an updated version of the Hello and Ace Frehley hit single "New York Groove" that incorporated the chorus of

This is a document about List of songs about New York City
  People" by 212 • "New York City Police" by Vladimir Cosmo • "New York City Rain" by Edward Hand • "New York City Refugee" by Bob A. Feldman • "New York City RFD" by Waylon Jennings • "New York City Rhythm" by Barry Manilow • "New York City (Saint in the City)" by The Academy Is... • "New York City (Send My Baby Home)" by Dig Richards • "New York City Serenade" by Bruce Springsteen • "New York City Snow" by Johnny Rodriguez • "New York City Song" by Dion • "New York City Song" by Linda Hargrove •

This is a document about List of songs about New York City
  Men To The Bowery" by Reparata and the Delrons • "Theme for New York City (Based on Prelude No. 4)" by Idris Muhammad • "Theme from 'Escape from New York'" by John Carpenter • "Theme from 'Mr Broadway'" by Dave Brubeck • "Theme from New York, New York" written by Kander and Ebb; originally recorded by Liza Minnelli; famously sung by Frank Sinatra 1980 • "Theme from 'NYPD Blue'" by Mike Post • "Then the Letting Go" by The Mountain Goats • "There Was a Time – Echo of Harlem" by Eddie Harris • "There You Have (Old) New York Town" (music and lyrics by

This is a document about List of songs about New York City
  Irving Caesar and John Murray Anderson) • "Manhattan Nocturne" by Charles McPherson (musician) • "Manhattan Nocturne" by Peter Gallway • "Manhattan on Fire" by Pink Grease • "Manhattan Paulista" by Sadao Watanabe • "Manhattan Playboy" by Robert Farnon • "Manhattan Reflections" by Ahmad Jamal • "Manhattan Rave" by Evelyn Glennie • "Manhattan Reflections" by Bernt Rosengren Big Band • "Manhattan Reverie" by Richie Beirach Trio • "Manhattan:Rico" by George Russell • "Manhattan Right" by Richard X. Heyman • "Manhattan Rock" by Elliott Murphy • "Manhattan Roll" by Telephone Bill and the Smooth Operators • "Manhattan Romance" by Morris Stoloff •

This is a document about Ace Frehley
  working with the band), which filled the stage full of smoke during his live guitar solo. Along with the three other Kiss members, Frehley released an eponymous solo album in 1978. His was the best-selling of the four, and the album's lone single—the Russ Ballard-written "New York Groove", originally recorded by Hello—reached the Top 20 in the United States. Frehley's songwriting presence within the group increased in 1979. He contributed three songs for 1979's Dynasty and three for 1980's Unmasked. While this was not the most commercially successful time for Kiss in the United States, the band was beginning to take off

This is a document about List of songs about New York City
  at the Gaiety Burlesque" (from Sugar Babies (musical)) • "Down at the Village" from Greenwich Village Follies of 1928 • "Down Broadway" by Grachan Moncur III • "Down Greenwich Village Way" music by Albert Von Tilzer; lyrics by Neville Fleeson • "Down Here" by The Mountain Goats • "Down Home New York" by Archie Shepp • "Down in Chinatown" by Paul Young • "Down in Gossip Row" by Ada Jones • "Down In New York" by Chris Robison • "Down In New York City" by The Natural Born Schmoozers, written by Jeff Alexander • "Down in the Depths (on the Ninetieth Floor)" by Cole Porter •

This is a document about Jules Shear
  Shear described his Sayin' Hello to the Folks as a "mix tape" of his favorite songs. "I felt like recording songs that I like a lot that I didn't write," he told Paste's Eliot Wilder in 2004. "I thought it would be good to record songs that didn't have a life but should've had a life. This is my attempt at giving them a life." He and Stewart Lerman, the album's producer, selected 12 songs from an original list of 60. These included covers of Todd Rundgren ("Be Nice to Me"), James Brown ("Ain't That a Groove"), Bob Dylan ("In the Summertime") The Dave Clark

This is a document about List of songs about New York City
  Been to New York" by Daniel Lavoie • "Never Do A Tango With An Eskimo" by Alma Cogan • "Never Enough Time" by Nate Borofsky • "Never Give Your Love (To a New York Woman)" by Alan Carvell • "Never Gonna Leave New York City" by Gray • "New Amsterdam" by Elvis Costello • "New Amsterdam" by Travis • "New Dorp. New York" by SBTRKT • "New Jack Swing" by Wreckx-N-Effect • "New Killer Star" by David Bowie • "New Lee Highway Blues" by David Bromberg • "The New Madison Square Garden" by Karl King • "New New York" by

This is a document about List of songs about New York City
  Broadway" by Bette Midler • "Imp on Broadway" by Ronald Binge • "Impressions of Harlem" by Roy Fox • "Impressions of New York" by Rolf Kühn Joachim Kühn Quartet • "In a New York Minute" by Ronnie McDowell • "In Brooklyn" by Al Stewart • "In Central Park" by Maurice Levi and J. Cheever Goodwin • "In Da Hood" by 50 Cent • "In Greenwich Village" by Peter Gallway • "In Little Old New York" music by Jean Schwartz; lyrics by Harold Atteridge • "In New York" by Heath Brothers • "In New York" by Mr Thing & The

This is a document about List of songs about New York City
  Brown • "Home Of The Mets" by Tim McCabe • "Home Sweet Home" by M.O.P. • "Home To Harlem" music by Ray Henderson; lyrics by Lew Brown • "Honeymoon In New York" by Heaven 17 • "Honky Tonk Women" by The Rolling Stones • "Hooked on Broadway" by Larry Elgart • "Hoola From Coney Isle" by Henry Creamer and Turner Layton • "Horny '98" by Hot 'n' Juicy produced by Mousse T. • "hornylovesickness" by Girl in Red • "Horse and Carriage in Central Park" by Richard Clayderman • "A Hot Day in Harlem" by the Rimshots • "Hot

This is a document about List of songs about New York City
  Alright (If You Like Saxophones)" by Fear (covered by Enon) • "New York's Best Kept Secret" (from Sharpay's Fabulous Adventure) • "New York's In Love" by David Bowie • "New York's Jewels" by Jack's Angels (group featuring Jack Grunsky) • "New York's Movin'" by Ahzz • "New York's My Home" written by Gordon Jenkins, recorded by Sammy Davis, Jr., Ray Charles, and others. • "New York's Not My Home" by Jim Croce • "New York's Not My Home" by Kid Rock • "New York's On Fire" by Classical Two • "New York's On Fire" by Seventh Avenue • "New

This is a document about List of songs about New York City
  Crew • "Back to Manhattan" by Norah Jones • "Back to Manhattan" by Jeffrey Lewis • "Back To Queens" by Pound Boys • "Back to Reality" by Intelligent Hoodlum • "Back When I Was Four" by Jeffrey Lewis • "Bad Boy" by Holy Modal Rounders • "Bad Boy" by Wildchild (aka as Roger McKenzie) • "Bad Boys Of Brooklyn" by Bad Boys • "Bad New York Band" by Jim Testa • "Bad Sneakers" by Steely Dan • "Bainbridge Avenue" by Liam Reilly • "The Ballad of New York City/John Lennon and Yoko Ono" by David Peel • "Ballad of N.Y.C." by

This is a document about List of songs about New York City
  Flesh" by Blondie • "In the Mood Again" by Elvis Costello • "In the RaiNY City" by Tajna Tanovic • "In Those Good Old Bowery Days" by Irving Berlin • "Incident in Brooklyn" by Rescue Party • "Incident on 57th Street" by Bruce Springsteen • "Incident On South Street" by The Lounge Lizards • "The Incumbent" by Soul Coughing • "Inna City Mama" by Neneh Cherry • "Inner Pigeon" by The Brooklyn Pizzaiolos, written by Jeff Alexander • "Interstate 78" by Fused • "Into Brooklyn, Early in the Morning" by The Innocence Mission • "Into the Fire" by Bruce

This is a document about List of songs about New York City
  Liquid Gold • "Dancin' In The Sky (In New York City)" by J Michael Reed • "Danger Zone" by Big L • "Dangerous Sex" by Tackhead • "Danke Schoen" by Wayne Newton • "The Darlin' of New York" from Jimmy (musical) • "Darryl & Joe (Krush Groove 3)" by Run-DMC • "Date with Baby" by Brooklyn Funk Essentials • "Daughters of the Soho Riots" by The National • "The Day I Saw Bo Diddley in Washington Square" by Willie Nile • "A Day in New York" (from the musical On the Town (musical)) • "A Day In The City: Six Variations On A Theme" by Don

This is a document about List of songs about New Orleans
  Barbarin ; "Bourbon Street Shuffle" by Big Ben Banjo Band ; "Bourbon Street Skank" by Ernest Ranglin ; "Bourbon Street Stroll" by Einstein ; "Bowie Knife" by Frankie Laine ; "Boy from New Orleans" by Louis Armstrong ; "Breakdancer's Reunion" by Self ; "Breathe In, Breathe Out, Move On" by Jimmy Buffett ; "Bring Back Storyville" by Guy Davis ; "Broadway At Basin Street" by Cannonball Adderley ; "Brown Sugar" by The Rolling Stones ; "Buddy Bolden's Blues" by Jelly Roll Morton ; "Burgundy Street" by Acker Bilk ; "Burgundy Street Blues" by George Lewis ; "By the River" by Dirty Deep ; "By Route Of New Orleans" by Ed Bruce

This is a document about List of songs about New York City
  City (Send My Baby Home)" by Digby Richards • "New York Serenade" (from Rosalie (musical)) • "New York Shit" by Busta Rhymes • "New York Shuffle" by Capp/Pierce Orchestra Featuring Ernie Andrews • "The New York Shuffle" by Graham Parker • "New York Shuffle" by Lionel Hampton • "New York Sidewalk" by UB40 • "New York Situation" by Milo And The Kings (calypso) • "New York Skiffle" by Half Man Half Biscuit • "New York Skyline" by Francie Conway • "New York Skyline" by Garland Jeffreys • "New York Skyline" by Sam Signaoff • "New York Slave" by The

This is a document about Hello (band)
  Singles Chart were "Tell Him" (a cover of The Exciters 1963 hit) and "New York Groove", the latter of which was written by Argent band member Russ Ballard. "New York Groove" was later covered to provide a solo Billboard Hot 100 chart hit in the United States, for the rock guitarist Ace Frehley of the band Kiss. In Germany, Hello's subsequent singles "Star Studded Sham" (another Ballard composition) and "Love Stealer" both reached the top 20, but failed to chart in the UK where glam rock had largely fallen out of favour. Hello appeared in the 1975 film Side by Side. Their first album,

Russ Ballard wrote the song "New York Groove."


Question: when did old 10p go out of circulation

Answer: January 2013

This is a document about Florin (British coin)
  struck for circulation after the 1967-dated pieces. The new and the old circulated side by side as florins prior to Decimal Day (15 February 1971) and as ten pence pieces after. Florins (usually dated 1947 or later) remained in circulation after Decimal Day. In 1987, following a study of the currency, the Thatcher government announced its intent to issue a new ten pence piece, reduced in size. A smaller ten pence piece was issued in 1992, after which the old florin was demonetised on 30 June 1993. The florin, the first decimal coin, was the last coin in general circulation just prior to decimalisation to be withdrawn.

This is a document about Bank of England note issues
  The Bank of England's first ten-shilling (10/-) note was issued on 22 November 1928. This note featured a vignette of Britannia, a feature of the Bank's notes since 1694. The predominant colour was red-brown. Unlike previous notes it, and the contemporaneous £1 note, were not dated but are instead identified by the signature of the Chief Cashier of the time. In 1940 a metal security thread was introduced, and the colour of the note was changed to mauve for the duration of the war. The original design of the note was replaced by the Series C design on 12 October 1961, when Queen Elizabeth II agreed to allow the use of her portrait on the notes. As part of the planned Series D, which introduced historical figures, a new 10/- note was planned that featured Sir Walter Raleigh, which would be converted to a 50p note upon decimalisation. However, given the estimated lifespan of the note, it was decided to replace the 10/- note with a new 50p coin. The ten-shilling note was withdrawn from circulation on 20 November 1970 following the introduction on 14 October 1969 of the fifty pence coin.

This is a document about Philippine ten-centavo coin
  The Philippine ten-centavo coin (10¢) coin is a denomination of the Philippine peso. It was the oldest denomination under 1 peso in the country's circulation, having been introduced in 1880 during the Spanish rule of the islands until it was stopped being minted in 2017. The denomination is still legal tender until the demonetization of the BSP Coin Series.

This is a document about History of the British penny (1901–1970)
  introduce decimalisation in the 1960s did not favour keeping the large bronze penny, the value of which had been eroded by inflation. The last pennies which went into circulation were dated 1967—a final proof set was dated 1970. The old pennies quickly went out of use after Decimal Day, 15 February 1971—there was no exact decimal equivalent of them, and the slogan "use your old pennies in sixpenny lots" explained that pennies and "threepenny bits" were only accepted in shops if their total value was six old pence (exactly 2 1⁄2 new pence). The old penny was demonetised on 31 August of that year.

This is a document about Ten pence (British coin)
  The British decimal ten pence coin (often shortened to 10p in writing and speech) has a value of ten one-hundredths of a pound sterling. Its obverse has featured the profile of Queen Elizabeth II since the coin's introduction in 1968, to replace the florin (two shilling) coin in preparation for decimalisation in 1971. It remained the same size as the florin coin (which also remained legal tender) until a smaller version was introduced 30 September 1992, with the older coins being withdrawn on 30 June 1993. Four different portraits of the Queen have been used on the coin; the latest design by Jody Clark was introduced in 2015. The second and current reverse, featuring a segment of

This is a document about Ten pence (Irish coin)
  The ten pence (10p) (deich pingin) coin was a subdivision of the Irish pound. It was used in the Republic of Ireland from 1969 to 2002, with its last minting issue in 2000. It replaced the florin coin, of which it shared its design. Two different designs of the coin exist, both featuring a salmon on the reverse. The second was introduced in 1993 and is smaller, due to the reduction of the coin's value by inflation. It was introduced two years prior to Decimal Day, 15 February 1971, due to its value at a tenth of a pound being the same as the previous florin. It retained the exact design and dimensions (except denomination) of the florin coin, introduced to the Irish Free State in 1928. Some florin coins remained

This is a document about Decimal Day
  of them were quickly taken out of circulation. The new halfpenny, penny, and twopence coins were introduced on 15 February 1971. Within two weeks of Decimal Day, the old penny (1d) and old threepenny (3d) coins had left circulation, and old sixpences had become somewhat rare. On 31 August 1971, the 1d and 3d were officially withdrawn from circulation, ending the transition period to decimal currency. The government intended that in speech, the new units would be called "new pence"; however, the British public quickly began to refer to pennies as "pee" when shortened, with "10p" pronounced as "ten pee" instead

This is a document about Ten pence (British coin)
  Royal Shield, was introduced in 2008. The ten pence coin was originally minted from cupro-nickel (75% Cu, 25% Ni), but since 2012 it has been minted in nickel-plated steel due to the increasing price of metal. From January 2013 the Royal Mint began a programme to gradually remove the previous cupro-nickel coins from circulation and replace them with the nickel-plated steel versions. As of March 2014 there were an estimated 1,631 million 10p coins in circulation, with an estimated face value of £163.08 million. 10p coins are legal tender for amounts up to the sum of £5 when offered in repayment of a debt; however, the coin's legal tender status is not normally relevant for everyday transactions.

This is a document about One pound (British coin)
  leaves — emerging from a single 5-branched stem within a crown. The original, round £1 coin replaced the Bank of England £1 note, which ceased to be issued at the end of 1984 and was removed from circulation on 11 March 1988, though still redeemable at the Bank's offices, like all English banknotes. One-pound notes continue to be issued in Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man, and by the Royal Bank of Scotland, but the pound coin is much more widely used. A new, dodecagonal (12-sided) design of coin was introduced on 28 March 2017 and both new and old versions of the one pound coin circulated together until the older design was withdrawn from circulation on 15 October 2017. After that date, the older coin

This is a document about History of the British penny (1901–1970)
  quality coins dated 1970 for collectors, to bid farewell to a denomination which had served the country well for 1200 years. The longstanding depiction of Britannia on the penny was translated by sculptor Christopher Ironside to the post-decimal fifty-pence coin. The Decimal Currency Board had anticipated the need for a transition of up to 18 months after Decimal Day, 15 February 1971, but the "old penny" quickly vanished from circulation and it ceased to be legal tender after 31 August 1971. It had been the last survivor of the three bronze coins, as the halfpenny had been withdrawn in 1969. With decimalisation the new penny carried a value of 1/100 of a pound, 2.4 times the value of its predecessor.

This is a document about Decimal Day
  Under the new system, the pound was retained, but was divided into 100 new pence, denoted by the symbol p. New coinage was issued alongside the old coins. The 5p and 10p coins were introduced in April 1968 and were the same size, composition and value as the shilling and two shilling coins in circulation with them. In October 1969, the 50p coin was introduced, with the 10s note withdrawn on 20 November 1970. This reduced the number of new coins required to be introduced on Decimal Day, meaning that the British public would already be familiar with three of the six new coins. Small

This is a document about £sd
  United Kingdom pre-decimal banknotes are no longer legal tender, but are exchangeable for their face value (regardless of the possible greater worth if sold or auctioned) if they are taken directly (or posted) to the Bank of England. The last £sd coins to cease being legal tender in the UK after Decimal Day were the sixpence (withdrawn 1980), the shilling (withdrawn 1991) and the florin (withdrawn 1993). Commemorative crowns minted post decimalisation (worth either 25p or £5) are still legal tender, but are rarely, if ever, spent. In Australia,, pre-decimal coins can still be found in circulation occasionally as 5, 10 and 20-cent coins. The last £sd banknote to cease to be legal tender anywhere was the Isle of Man ten shilling note, which ceased to be legal tender there in 2013.

This is a document about Bank of England 10s note
  was the series D £20 note, first issued in 1970, featuring William Shakespeare. A design for a 10/- note featuring Walter Raleigh on the reverse was approved in 1964, but this was never issued. Instead, in 1969, as part of the process of decimalisation, a new fifty pence coin was introduced as a replacement for the 10/- note. The principal reason for the change was economy: the notes had an average lifetime of about five months whereas coins could last at least fifty years. The series C 10/- notes ceased to be legal tender on 22 November 1970. In the Isle of Man, both the English and Manx 10/- notes continued to be legal tender for 50 pence until 2013.

This is a document about Coins of the pound sterling
  cycle, until the introduction of the new 12-sided £1 coin in 2017. The decimal halfpenny coin was demonetised in 1984 as its value was by then too small to be useful. The pre-decimal sixpence, shilling and two shilling coins, which had continued to circulate alongside the decimal coinage with values of 2 1⁄2p, 5p and 10p respectively, were finally withdrawn in 1980, 1990 and 1993 respectively. The double florin and crown, with values of 20p and 25p respectively, have technically not been withdrawn, but in practice are never seen in general circulation. In the 1990s, the Royal Mint reduced the sizes of the 5p,

This is a document about Central Bank of Ireland
  The 1970s was a decade of change, which began with the decimalisation of the currency which came into effect on 15 February 1971, when the decimal coinage was released into circulation (although 5p, 10p, and 50p coins were released a few years earlier, as they had exact equivalents in old currency units). Decimalisation would have provided an ideal opportunity to break the link with the Pound Sterling, but there was not much demand for this at that time. In 1972 however, the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates broke down, and in the wake of the 1973 oil crisis

This is a document about Bank of England 10s note
  ounces or more. The responsibility for the printing of ten-shilling notes was transferred to the Bank of England in 1928, and the right to redeem banknotes for gold ceased in 1931 when Britain stopped using the gold standard. The first Bank of England ten-shilling notes were two-sided, red, printed banknotes featuring the declaration "I promise to pay the bearer on demand the sum of ten shillings" on the front. This declaration remains on Bank of England banknotes to this day. In 1940, during the Second World War, ten-shilling notes were issued in a new mauve and grey colour scheme in order to deter counterfeiters, although the design remained the same. At the same time, a metallic thread running through the

This is a document about Bank of England 10s note
  The Bank of England 10s note, colloquially known as the 10 bob note or just the 10 bob was a banknote of the pound sterling. Ten shillings in pre-decimal money (written 10s or 10/-) was equivalent to half of one pound. The ten-shilling note was the smallest denomination note ever issued by the Bank of England. The note was issued by the Bank of England for the first time in 1928 and continued to be printed until 1969. The note ceased to be legal tender in 1970 and was removed in favour of the fifty pence coin.

This is a document about Guernsey pound
  notes were overprinted to produce 1-shilling notes. In 1945, following liberation, £5 notes were introduced and production of all denominations below 10 shillings ended. The 10 shilling note was replaced by the 50-new-pence coin in the run up to decimalisation. £10 notes were introduced in 1975, followed by £20 in 1980 and £50 in 1994. Although £1 and £2 coins have been introduced, the £1 note still circulates. A commemorative £20 note was issued in 2012 to commemorate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. It is similar to the regular issue, but with the QE60 letter prefix, the commemorative laurel wreath on the lower left corner of the note, and additional wording.

This is a document about Decimal Day
  The decimal halfpenny (1⁄2p), which had been introduced in 1971, remained in circulation until 1984, when its value had been greatly reduced by inflation. It was not struck, save for collectors' sets, following 1983, with those dated 1984 struck only as proofs, or in uncirculated mint sets. The decimal halfpenny was demonetised on 31 December 1984. The 50p piece was reduced in size in 1997, following the reduction in size of the 5p in 1990 and the 10p in 1992 (the large versions of all the three have been demonetised). The 1p and 2p underwent a compositional change from bronze to plated steel in 1992. However, both coins remain valid back to 1971, the only circulating coins on Decimal Day that are still valid. In 1982, the word "new" in "new penny" or "new pence" was removed from the inscriptions on coins, and was replaced by the number of pence in the denomination (for example, "ten pence" or "fifty pence"). This coincided with the introduction of a new 20p coin, which from the outset bore simply the legend "twenty pence". A £1 coin was introduced in 1983, and a £2 coin in 1997.

This is a document about Coins of the pound sterling
  the florin equating to 10p), and the others were withdrawn almost immediately. The use of florins and shillings as legal tender in this way ended in 1991 and 1993 when the 5p and 10p coins were replaced with smaller versions. Indeed, while pre-decimalisation shillings were used as 5p coins, for a while after decimalisation many people continued to call the new 5p coin a shilling, since it remained 1⁄20 of a pound, but was now counted as 5p (five new pence) instead of 12d (twelve old pennies). The pre-decimalisation sixpence, also known as a sixpenny bit or sixpenny piece, was equivalent to 2 1⁄2p, but was demonetised in 1980.

The old 10p coin went out of circulation in the United Kingdom on 30 June 1993.


Question: when was pee wee 's big holiday made

Answer: 2016

This is a document about Pee-wee Herman
  that hasn't been made yet." On December 22, 2014, it was announced that the film would premiere exclusively on Netflix. On February 24, 2015, Netflix announced the film would be titled Pee-wee's Big Holiday with Apatow and Reubens producing the film, John Lee directing, and Reubens and Paul Rust writing the screenplay. On March 11, 2015, Tara Buck joined the cast of the film. Principal photography began on March 16, 2015. On April 8, 2015, Joe Manganiello joined the cast. On April 19, 2015, Jessica Pohly was cast in the film. The film released on March 18, 2016 on Netflix to positive reception.

This is a document about Pee-wee's Big Holiday
  been very, very slow to get the right people involved, and we now have such an amazing company involved, and that's the really big announcement that hasn't been made yet." On February 24, 2015, Netflix announced the film would be titled Pee-wee's Big Holiday with Apatow and Reubens producing the film, John Lee directing, and Reubens and Paul Rust writing the screenplay. On March 11, 2015, Tara Buck joined the cast of the film. Principal photography began on March 16, 2015. On April 8, 2015, Joe Manganiello joined the cast. On April 19, 2015, Jessica Pohly was cast in the film.

This is a document about Pee-wee's Big Holiday
  Pee-wee's Big Holiday is a 2016 American adventure comedy film directed by John Lee and written by Paul Reubens and Paul Rust. The film stars Reubens as Pee-wee Herman and Joe Manganiello as himself. The film was released on March 18, 2016, on Netflix.

This is a document about Pee-wee's Big Adventure
  Pee-wee's Big Adventure opened on August 9, 1985 in the United States in 829 theaters, accumulating $4,545,847 over its opening weekend. It went on to gross $40,940,662 domestically.

This is a document about Paul Reubens
  hours later. All the voices of the puppet characters are dubbed in by different actors than the TV series, except for Globey whose voice is still done by George McGrath. In June 2010, various film news sites reported that Paul Reubens was working with Judd Apatow on a new Pee-wee Herman feature film. In February 2015, Netflix acquired the rights to produce a new Pee-wee film entitled Pee-wee's Big Holiday with Apatow and Reubens producing the film, John Lee directing, and Reubens and Paul Rust writing the screenplay. The film released on March 18, 2016 on Netflix to positive reception.

This is a document about Pee-wee's Big Adventure
  Pee-wee's Big Adventure is a 1985 American adventure comedy film directed by Tim Burton in his feature-film directing debut. It stars Paul Reubens as Pee-wee Herman, who also cowrote the screenplay with Phil Hartman and Michael Varhol, along with E.G. Daily, Mark Holton, Diane Salinger and Judd Omen. Described as a "parody" or "farce version" of the 1948 Italian classic Bicycle Thieves, it tells the story of Pee-wee's nationwide search for his stolen bicycle. After the success of The Pee-wee Herman Show, Reubens began writing the script for Pee-wee's Big Adventure when he was hired by the Warner Bros. film studio. Impressed with Burton's work on the short films Vincent and Frankenweenie, the producers and Reubens hired him to direct. Filming took place in California and Texas. The film was released on August 9, 1985, grossing over $40 million in North America. It became a cult film and continued to accumulate positive feedback. It was nominated for a Young Artist Award and spawned two sequels, Big Top Pee-wee (1988) and Pee-wee's Big Holiday (2016). Its financial success, followed by the equally successful Beetlejuice in 1988, prompted Warner Bros. to hire Burton to direct the 1989 film Batman.

This is a document about Pee-wee's Playhouse
  The Pee-wee Herman character was developed by Reubens into a live stage show titled The Pee-wee Herman Show in 1980. It features many characters that would go on to appear in Playhouse, including Captain Carl, Jambi the Genie, Miss Yvonne, Pterri the Pterodactyl, and Clocky. While enjoying continuous popularity with the show, Reubens teamed with young director Tim Burton in 1985 to make the comedy film Pee-wee's Big Adventure. It became one of the year's surprise hits, costing a relatively modest $6 million to make but taking in $45 million at the box office. After seeing the success of Pee-wee's Big Adventure, the CBS network

This is a document about Pee-wee Herman
  its October 9, 1986, premiere. The following year, he made a cameo appearance in the film Back to the Beach. Reubens also filmed an insert for Sesame Street as Pee-wee, reciting his own version of the alphabet. In 1987, Pee-wee appeared on the hit primetime sitcom 227 alongside Marla Gibbs and Jackée Harry. The following year, a sequel to Pee-wee's Big Adventure, Big Top Pee-wee, was filmed. That same year "Pee-wee" was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and starred in Pee-wee's Playhouse Christmas Special. The program included various celebrity guests, including Oprah Winfrey, Cher, Whoopi Goldberg, Grace Jones, Little Richard and Joan Rivers among others.

This is a document about Paul Reubens
  The success of The Pee-wee Herman Show prompted Warner Bros. to hire Reubens to write a script for a full-length Pee-wee Herman film. Reubens's original idea was to do a remake of Pollyanna, which Reubens claims is his favorite film. Halfway through writing the script, Reubens noticed everyone at Warner Bros. had a bike with them, which inspired Reubens to start on a new script with Phil Hartman. When Reubens and the producers of Pee-wee's Big Adventure saw Tim Burton's work on Vincent and Frankenweenie, they chose Burton to be the film's director. The film tells the story of Pee-wee Herman embarking on nationwide adventure in search of his stolen bicycle. The movie went on to gross $40,940,662 domestically, recouping almost six times its $7 million budget. At the time of release in 1985, the film received mixed reviews, but Pee-wee's Big Adventure developed into a cult film.

This is a document about Pee-wee Herman
  Pee-wee Herman is a comic fictional character created and portrayed by American comedian Paul Reubens. He is best known for his films and television series during the 1980s. The childlike Pee-wee Herman character developed as a stage act that quickly led to an HBO special in 1981. As the stage performance gained further popularity, Reubens took the character to motion picture with Pee-wee's Big Adventure in 1985, toning down the adult innuendo for the appeal of children. This paved the way for Pee-wee's Playhouse, an Emmy Award-winning children's series that ran on CBS from 1986 to 1991. Another film, Big Top Pee-wee, was released in 1988, and after a lengthy hiatus, a third film, Pee-wee's Big Holiday, was released by Netflix in 2016. Due to negative media attention following a scandal in 1991, Reubens decided to shelve his alter ego during the 1990s, then gradually resurrected it during the following decade. It was at that time that Reubens addressed plans to write a new Pee-wee film, Pee-wee's Playhouse: The Movie. In June 2007, Reubens appeared as Pee-wee Herman for the first time since 1992 at Spike TV's Guys' Choice Awards.

This is a document about Paul Reubens
  Big Adventure (1985), directed by Tim Burton, was a financial and critical success, and soon developed into a cult film. Its sequel, Big Top Pee-wee (1988), was less successful. Between 1986 and 1990, Reubens starred as Pee-wee in the CBS Saturday-morning children's program Pee-wee's Playhouse. Thereafter, Reubens decided to take a sabbatical from Pee-wee. In July 1991, Reubens was arrested for indecent exposure in an adult theater in Sarasota, Florida. The arrest set off a chain reaction of national media attention that changed the general public's view of Reubens and Pee-wee. The arrest postponed Reubens's involvement in major projects until 1999, when he appeared in several big-budget projects including Mystery Men (1999) and Blow (2001), and Reubens started

This is a document about Big Top Pee-wee
  Big Top Pee-wee is a 1988 American comedy film directed by Randal Kleiser. A stand-alone sequel to Pee-wee's Big Adventure (1985), the film stars Paul Reubens as Pee-wee Herman, with Susan Tyrrell, Kris Kristofferson, Penelope Ann Miller, and Valeria Golino also starring in supporting roles. The original music score is composed by Danny Elfman (although he also scored Pee-wee's Big Adventure, he could not use any themes from that film due to contractual restrictions). It was released on July 22, 1988, and grossed $15 million against a $20 million dollar budget.

This is a document about Pee-wee Herman
  Tim Burton, as his feature film debut, and scored by Danny Elfman. It was released on August 9, 1985, and, while receiving mixed reviews, performed well at the box office and would become a cult film. Reubens was the originator of the "Pee-wee dance" in the movie, and he had performed it publicly many times prior to making the film. Pee-wee hosted the 198th episode of Saturday Night Live on November 23, 1985. Phil Hartman, who would become an SNL cast member the following year, was credited for writing the "Pee-wee Herman Thanksgiving Special" sketch and appeared as a pilgrim in it.

This is a document about Tim Burton
  completed, Disney fired Burton, under the pretext of him spending the company's resources on a film that would be too dark and scary for children to see. Actor Paul Reubens saw Frankenweenie and chose Burton to direct the cinematic spin-off of his popular character Pee-wee Herman, stating on the audio commentary of 2000 DVD release of Pee-wee's Big Adventure that as soon as the short began, he was sold on Burton's style. Pee-wee Herman gained mainstream popularity with a successful stage show at The Groundlings and the Roxy which was later turned into an HBO special. The film, Pee-wee's Big Adventure, was made on a budget of

This is a document about Pee-wee's Big Holiday
  Pee-wee's Big Holiday received positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an 80% approval rating, based on 46 reviews, with an average rating of 6.86/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "The simple story is a little short on laughs, but there's plenty of sweet wackiness for Pee-wee Herman fans to enjoy." On Metacritic, the film holds a score of 63 out of 100, based on 19 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews."

This is a document about Judd Apatow
  was first reported in 2010 that Apatow would be producing a new Pee-Wee Herman film starring Paul Reubens that would be written by Rebuens and Paul Rust. The film, Pee-wee's Big Holiday, was released by Netflix in March 2016. Apatow made his first documentary piece in 2016, Doc and Darryl, which documents the career and relationship of New York Mets players Dwight "Doc" Gooden and Darryl Strawberry. It aired as part of ESPN's series of sports documentaries 30 for 30 in July 2016. In 2017, he produced the romantic comedy The Big Sick. The film stars Kumail Nanjiani as himself, a stand-up comedian who comes from a Muslim Pakistani background and falls in

This is a document about Paul Reubens
  and Disneyland Paris. and reprised the role of Pee-wee Herman in cameo appearances in the film Back to the Beach and TV show Sesame Street, the latter of which made a cameo in Playhouse. Right after the success of Pee-wee's Big Adventure, Reubens began working with Paramount Pictures on a sequel entitled Big Top Pee-wee. Reubens and George McGrath's script was directed by Grease director Randal Kleiser. The film was not as successful as its predecessor, receiving mild reviews and doing just over one third as well in the box office, earning only $15 million. Reubens attended 1988 Academy Awards with Top co-star Valeria Golino, which stirred rumors that the two were dating. The following year Reubens exchanged vows with Doris Duke's adopted daughter,

This is a document about Pee-wee's Big Adventure
  The success of The Pee-wee Herman Show prompted Warner Bros. to hire Paul Reubens to write a script for a full-length Pee-wee Herman film. His original concept was a remake of Pollyanna (1960), Reubens' favorite film, with Pee-wee Herman in the Hayley Mills role. While writing the script, Reubens noticed that many at Warner Bros. rode bicycles around the backlot and requested one of his own. This inspired Reubens to start a new script. Having left Walt Disney Productions and with Frankenweenie receiving positive reviews within film studios, Tim Burton was seeking a full-length film to direct. When Reubens and the producers of Pee-wee's Big Adventure saw Burton's work on Vincent and Frankenweenie, they decided to hire him. Burton felt that he connected with Reubens' personality and the humor of the Pee-wee Herman Show. After hiring Burton, Reubens,

This is a document about Pee-wee's Big Adventure
  Warner Home Video released Pee-wee's Big Adventure on DVD in May 2000, with audio commentary by Tim Burton, Paul Reubens and Danny Elfman (the latter on a separate track, alongside an isolated score) and some deleted scenes. The film was release on Blu-ray disc in 2011.

This is a document about Paul Reubens
  interviews as himself rather than as Pee-wee. Since 2006, Reubens has been making cameos and appearances in numerous projects, such as Reno 911! (2006), 30 Rock (2007), Pushing Daisies (2007), The Blacklist (2014–2015), Accidental Love (2015) and Mosaic (2018). He also played the voice role of Pavel in the Disney XD television series Tron: Uprising (2012–2013). Since the 1990s, Reubens has worked on two possible Pee-wee films: one dark and adult, dubbed The Pee-wee Herman Story, the other a family-friendly epic adventure called Pee-wee’s Playhouse: The Movie. In 2010, he starred on Broadway in The Pee-wee Herman Show. In 2016, Reubens co-wrote and starred in the Netflix original film Pee-wee's Big Holiday, reprising his role as Pee-wee Herman.

Pee-wee's Big Holiday was made and released on March 18, 2016. The production began on March 16, 2015, and the cast was announced between April and August 2015.


Question: the sphincter that allows chyme to pass from the stomach into the small intestine is known as the

Answer: the pyloric valve

This is a document about Chyme
  Chyme or chymus (from Greek χυμός khymos, "juice" ) is the semi-fluid mass of partly digested food that is expelled by a person's stomach, through the pyloric valve, into the duodenum (the beginning of the small intestine). Chyme results from the mechanical and chemical breakdown of a bolus and consists of partially digested food, water, hydrochloric acid, and various digestive enzymes. Chyme slowly passes through the pyloric sphincter and into the duodenum, where the extraction of nutrients begins. Depending on the quantity and contents of the meal, the stomach will digest the food into chyme in some time from 40

This is a document about Peristalsis
  When a peristaltic wave reaches at the end of the oesophagus, the cardiac sphincter (gastroesophageal sphincter) opens allowing the passage of bolus into the stomach. Gastroesophageal sphincter normally remains closed and does not allow food contents of the stomach to move back. The churning movements of stomach's thick muscular wall mixes the food thoroughly with the acidic gastric juice and is called the chyme. The muscularis layer of the stomach is thickest and maximum peristalsis occurs here. After short intervals, the pyloric sphincter keeps on opening and closing so the chyme is fed into the intestine in installments.

This is a document about Pylorus
  The pyloric sphincter, or valve, is a strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal which lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum. It controls the outflow of gastric contents into the duodenum. It receives sympathetic innervation from the celiac ganglion.

This is a document about Gastrointestinal tract
  The lower gastrointestinal tract includes most of the small intestine and all of the large intestine. In human anatomy, the intestine (bowel, or gut. Greek: éntera) is the segment of the gastrointestinal tract extending from the pyloric sphincter of the stomach to the anus and as in other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. In humans, the small intestine is further subdivided into the duodenum, jejunum and ileum while the large intestine is subdivided into the cecum, ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid colon, rectum, and anal canal.

This is a document about Human digestive system
  degree though is not as efficient as the pancreatic lipase. The pylorus, the lowest section of the stomach which attaches to the duodenum via the pyloric canal, contains countless glands which secrete digestive enzymes including gastrin. After an hour or two, a thick semi-liquid called chyme is produced. When the pyloric sphincter, or valve opens, chyme enters the duodenum where it mixes further with digestive enzymes from the pancreas, and then passes through the small intestine, where digestion continues. The parietal cells in the fundus of the stomach, produce a glycoprotein called intrinsic factor which is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 (cobalamin), is carried to, and

This is a document about Sphincter
 The sphincter pupillae, or pupillary sphincter, belonging to the iris in the eye. ; The orbicularis oculi muscle, a muscle around the eye. ; The upper oesophageal sphincters ; The lower esophageal sphincter, or cardiac sphincter, at the upper portion (cardia) of the stomach. This sphincter prevents the acidic contents of the stomach from moving upward into the esophagus. ; The pyloric sphincter, at the lower end of the stomach. ; The ileocecal sphincter at the junction of the small intestine (ileum) and the large intestine, which functions to limit the reflux of colonic contents back into the ileum. ; The sphincter of Oddi, or Glisson's sphincter, controlling secretions from the liver, pancreas and gall bladder into the duodenum. ; The sphincter urethrae, or urethral sphincter, controlling the exit of urine from the body. ; At the anus, there are two anal sphincters which control the exit of feces from the body, the internal anal sphincter and external anal sphincter. The inner sphincter is involuntary and the outer is voluntary. ; The microscopic precapillary sphincters function to control the blood flow into each capillary in response to local metabolic activity.

This is a document about Human digestive system
  The cecum is a pouch marking the division between the small intestine and the large intestine. It lies below the ileocecal valve in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen. The cecum receives chyme from the last part of the small intestine, the ileum, and connects to the ascending colon of the large intestine. At this junction there is a sphincter or valve, the ileocecal valve which slows the passage of chyme from the ileum, allowing further digestion. It is also the site of the appendix attachment.

This is a document about Peristalsis
  Once processed and digested by the stomach, the semifluid chyme is passed through the pyloric sphincter into the small intestine. Once past the stomach, a typical peristaltic wave lasts only a few seconds, travelling at only a few centimeters per second. Its primary purpose is to mix the chyme in the intestine rather than to move it forward in the intestine. Through this process of mixing and continued digestion and absorption of nutrients, the chyme gradually works its way through the small intestine to the large intestine. In contrast to peristalsis, segmentation contractions result in that churning and mixing without pushing materials further down the digestive tract.

This is a document about Human digestive system
  a greater surface area, not only for the absorption of chyme but also for its further digestion by large numbers of digestive enzymes present on the microvilli. The chylomicrons are small enough to pass through the enterocyte villi and into their lymph capillaries called lacteals. A milky fluid called chyle, consisting mainly of the emulsified fats of the chylomicrons, results from the absorbed mix with the lymph in the lacteals. Chyle is then transported through the lymphatic system to the rest of the body. The suspensory muscle marks the end of the duodenum and the division between the upper gastrointestinal

This is a document about Human digestive system
  from the pancreatic duct and also from secretions of bicarbonate-rich mucus from duodenal glands known as Brunner's glands. The chyme arrives in the intestines having been released from the stomach through the opening of the pyloric sphincter. The resulting alkaline fluid mix neutralises the gastric acid which would damage the lining of the intestine. The mucus component lubricates the walls of the intestine. When the digested food particles are reduced enough in size and composition, they can be absorbed by the intestinal wall and carried to the bloodstream. The first receptacle for this chyme is the duodenal bulb. From here

This is a document about Small intestine
 The duodenum is a short structure ranging from 20 cm (7.9 inches) to 25 cm (9.8 inches) in length, and shaped like a "C". It surrounds the head of the pancreas. It receives gastric chyme from the stomach, together with digestive juices from the pancreas (digestive enzymes) and the liver (bile). The digestive enzymes break down proteins and bile emulsifies fats into micelles. The duodenum contains Brunner's glands, which produce a mucus-rich alkaline secretion containing bicarbonate. These secretions, in combination with bicarbonate from the pancreas, neutralize the stomach acids contained in gastric chyme. ; The jejunum is the midsection of the small intestine, connecting the duodenum to the ileum. It is about 2.5 m long, and contains the plicae circulares, and villi that

This is a document about Pylorus
  The pylorus is one component of the gastrointestinal system. Food from the stomach, as chyme, passes through the pylorus to the duodenum. The pylorus, through the pyloric sphincter, regulates entry of food from the stomach into the duodenum.

This is a document about Human digestive system
  passes into the first of the three sections of the small intestine, the duodenum. (The next section is the jejunum and the third is the ileum). The duodenum is the first and shortest section of the small intestine. It is a hollow, jointed C-shaped tube connecting the stomach to the jejunum. It starts at the duodenal bulb and ends at the suspensory muscle of duodenum. The attachment of the suspensory muscle to the diaphragm is thought to help the passage of food by making a wider angle at its attachment. Most food digestion takes place in the small intestine. Segmentation

This is a document about Gastrointestinal tract
 1) Duodenum: A short structure (about 20–25 cm long ) which receives chyme from the stomach, together with pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes and bile from the gall bladder. The digestive enzymes break down proteins, and bile emulsifies fats into micelles. The duodenum contains Brunner's glands which produce a mucus-rich alkaline secretion containing bicarbonate. These secretions, in combination with bicarbonate from the pancreas, neutralize the stomach acids contained in the chyme. ; 2) Jejunum: This is the midsection of the small intestine, connecting the duodenum to the ileum. It is about 2.5 m long and contains the circular folds also known as plicae circulares and villi that increase its surface area. Products of digestion (sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids) are absorbed into the bloodstream

This is a document about Pylorus
  The pylorus ( or ), or pyloric part, connects the stomach to the duodenum. The pylorus is considered as having two parts, the pyloric antrum (opening to the body of the stomach) and the pyloric canal (opening to the duodenum). The pyloric canal ends as the pyloric orifice, which marks the junction between the stomach and the duodenum. The orifice is surrounded by a sphincter, a band of muscle, called the pyloric sphincter. The word pylorus comes from Greek πυλωρός, via Latin. The word pylorus in Greek means "gatekeeper", related to "gate" (pyle) and is thus linguistically related to the word "pylon".

This is a document about Sphincter of Boyden
  The sphincter of Boyden (also known as the choledochal sphincter) is a sphincter located in the common bile duct before it joins with the pancreatic duct to form the ampulla of vater. This sphincter controls the flow of bile into the pancreatic duct and it helps in filling up of the gallbladder with bile.

This is a document about Human digestive system
  The lower gastrointestinal tract (GI), includes the small intestine and all of the large intestine. The intestine is also called the bowel or the gut. The lower GI starts at the pyloric sphincter of the stomach and finishes at the anus. The small intestine is subdivided into the duodenum, the jejunum and the ileum. The cecum marks the division between the small and large intestine. The large intestine includes the rectum and anal canal.

This is a document about Digestion
  occurring, mechanical mixing occurs by peristalsis, which is waves of muscular contractions that move along the stomach wall. This allows the mass of food to further mix with the digestive enzymes. Pepsin breakdowns proteins into peptides or proteoses, which is further broken down into dipeptides and amino acids by enzymes in small intestine. Studies suggest that increasing the number of chews per bite increases relevant gut hormones and may decrease self-reported hunger and food intake. After some time (typically 1–2 hours in humans, 4–6 hours in dogs, 3–4 hours in house cats), the resulting thick liquid is called chyme. When the pyloric sphincter valve opens, chyme enters the duodenum where it mixes

This is a document about Ileum
  In veterinary anatomy, the ileum is distinguished from the jejunum by being that portion of the jejunoileum that is connected to the caecum by the ileocecal fold. The ileum is the short termi of the small intestine and the connection to the large intestine. It is suspended by the caudal part of the mesentery (mesoileum) and is attached, in addition, to the cecum by the ileocecal fold. The ileum terminates at the cecocolic junction of the large intestine forming the ileal orifice. In the dog the ileal orifice is located at the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra, in the

This is a document about Esophageal achalasia
  Esophageal achalasia, often referred to simply as achalasia, is a failure of smooth muscle fibers to relax, which can cause the lower esophageal sphincter to remain closed. Without a modifier, "achalasia" usually refers to achalasia of the esophagus. Achalasia can happen at various points along the gastrointestinal tract; achalasia of the rectum, for instance, may occur in Hirschsprung's disease. The lower esophageal sphincter is a muscle between the esophagus and stomach that opens when food comes in. It closes to avoid stomach acids from coming back up. A fully understood cause to the disease is unknown, as are factors that increase the risk of its appearance. Suggestions of a genetically transmittable