Question: when did the term black friday first circulate

Answer: 1952

This is a document about Black Friday (shopping)
  of Philadelphia attempted to improve conditions, and a public relations expert recommended rebranding the days "Big Friday" and "Big Saturday"; but these terms were quickly forgotten. Additional primitive use of the phrase Black Friday originated in Philadelphia, dating back to 1961, where it was used by police to describe the heavy pedestrian and vehicular traffic that would occur on the day after Thanksgiving. The use of the phrase spread slowly, first appearing in The New York Times on November 29, 1975, in which it still refers specifically to "the busiest shopping and traffic day of the year" in Philadelphia. Although it soon became more widespread, The

This is a document about Black Friday (shopping)
  was ruined. The earliest known use of "Black Friday" to refer to the day after Thanksgiving occurred in the journal, Factory Management and Maintenance, for November 1951, and again in 1952. Here it referred to the practice of workers calling in sick on the day after Thanksgiving, in order to have a four-day week-end. However, this use does not appear to have caught on. Around the same time, the terms "Black Friday" and "Black Saturday" came to be used by the police in Philadelphia and Rochester to describe the crowds and traffic congestion accompanying the start of the Christmas shopping season. In 1961, the city and

This is a document about Black
  "Black Friday" indicates the point in the year that retailers begin to turn a profit, or are "in the black", because of the large volume of sales on that day. ; "In the black" means profitable. Accountants originally used black ink in ledgers to indicate profit, and red ink to indicate a loss. ; Black Friday also refers to any particularly disastrous day on financial markets. The first Black Friday (1869), September 24, 1869, was caused by the efforts of two speculators, Jay Gould and James Fisk, to corner the gold market on the New York Gold Exchange. ; A blacklist is a list of undesirable

This is a document about Black Friday (shopping)
  positive amounts. Black Friday, under this theory, is the beginning of the period when retailers would no longer be "in the red", instead of taking in the year's profits. The earliest known published reference to this explanation occurs in The Philadelphia Inquirer for November 28, 1981. Since the early 21st century, there have been attempts by U.S.-based retailers to introduce a retail "Black Friday" to other countries around the world. Retailers outside the US have attempted to promote the day to remain competitive with US-based online retailers. In more recent decades, global retailers have adopted the term and date to market their own holiday sales.

This is a document about List of Black Fridays
 Black Friday (1688), imprisonment of the Seven Bishops of the Church of England (8 June), on the eve of the Glorious Revolution. ; Panic of 1866, sometimes referred to as Black Friday, an international financial downturn that accompanied the failure of Overend, Gurney and Company in London ; Black Friday (1869), the Fisk-Gould Scandal (24 September), a financial crisis in the United States. ; Black Friday (1881), the Eyemouth disaster (14 October), in which 189 fishermen died. ; Haymarket affair (11 November 1887), four Chicago anarchists hanged, without evidence, for the deaths of seven police officers during a labor meeting. ; Black

This is a document about Black
 In general, the Negro race of African origin is called "Black", while the Caucasian race of European origin is called "White". ; In the United States, "Black Friday" (the day after Thanksgiving Day, the fourth Thursday in November) is traditionally the busiest shopping day of the year. Many Americans are on holiday because of Thanksgiving, and many retailers open earlier and close later than normal, and offer special prices. The day's name originated in Philadelphia sometime before 1961, and originally was used to describe the heavy and disruptive downtown pedestrian and vehicle traffic which would occur on that day. Later an alternative explanation began to be offered:

This is a document about Black Friday (1921)
  Black Friday, in British labour history, refers to 15 April 1921, when the leaders of transport and rail unions announced a decision not to call for strike action in support of the miners. The epithet 'black' derives from a widespread feeling amongst labour radicals that the decision amounted to a breach of solidarity and a betrayal of the miners.

This is a document about Cyber Black Friday
  Cyber Black Friday is a marketing term for the online version of Black Friday, the day after Thanksgiving Day in the United States. The term made its debut in a 2009 press release entitled "Black Friday Goes Online for Cyber Black Friday". According to TechCrunch, there was $9 billion in online sales on Cyber Black Friday, which is up 21.6% from 2019. With this, the average cart-size for a shopper was $95.60, and Shopify noted that there was an average of $6.3 million spent per minute across their more than one million merchant platform. A lot of this spending was directed towards technological devices,

This is a document about Cyber Black Friday
  In 2009, most major retailers began Black Friday-style sales online, betting that many would rather click for deals on Thanksgiving or Black Friday than wake up before dawn and head to stores in search of door-busters the following day. Dozens of retailers dangled special offers on their Web sites, though not all were identical to what could be found on Black Friday in stores. On July 23, 2010, Target.com announced its first ever "Back in Black Friday" one-day online-only sale. On October 27, 2010, Sears debuted its "Black Friday Now" campaign with a Black Friday sale on October 30 and 31 and every subsequent Friday until Christmas. Like other retailers, Sears started its Black Friday sale early because consumers were looking to shop earlier in

This is a document about Black Friday (shopping)
  In the United Kingdom, the term "Black Friday" originated within the Police and NHS to refer to the Friday before Christmas. It is the day when emergency services activate contingency plans to cope with the increase in workload due to many people going out drinking on the last Friday before Christmas. Contingencies can include setting up mobile field hospitals near City Centre nightspots. The term has then been adopted outside those services to refer to the evening and night of the Friday immediately before Christmas, and would now be considered a mainstream term and not simply as jargon of the emergency services. Traditionally, Boxing Day had been considered the biggest shopping day of the year in the UK. In the 2010s, several American-owned retailers such as Amazon UK and the Walmart-owned chain Asda, began to hold U.S.-style Black Friday promotions; in 2014, more British retailers began to adopt

This is a document about Cyber Monday
  Cyber Monday is a marketing term for e-commerce transactions on the Monday after  Thanksgiving  in the United States. It was created by retailers to encourage people to shop online. The term was coined by Ellen Davis of the National Retail Federation and Scott Silverman, and made its debut on November 28, 2005, in a Shop.org press release entitled Cyber Monday' Quickly Becoming One of the Biggest Online Shopping Days of the Year". Cyber Monday takes place the Monday after Thanksgiving; the date falls between November 26 and December 2, depending on the year. Cyber Monday has become the online equivalent to Black Friday and offers a way for smaller retail websites to compete with larger chains. Since

This is a document about Black Friday (1910)
  Black Friday was a suffragette demonstration in London on 18November 1910, in which 300 women marched to the Houses of Parliament as part of their campaign to secure voting rights for women. The day earned its name from the violence meted out to protesters, some of it sexual, by the Metropolitan Police and male bystanders. During the January 1910 general election campaign, H. H. Asquith—the Prime Minister and leader of the Liberal Party—promised to introduce a Conciliation Bill to allow a measure of women's suffrage in national elections. When he was returned to power, a committee made up of pro-women's suffrage MPs from several political parties was formed; they proposed legislation that would have added a million women to the franchise. The suffrage movement supported the

This is a document about Black Friday (shopping)
  over the country. Black Friday is known as Viernes Negro in Costa Rica. In Panama, Black Friday was first celebrated in 2012, as a move from the Government to attract local tourism to the country's capital city. During its first year, it was believed to have attracted an inflow of about 35,000 regional tourists according to the government's immigration census. In South Africa, Russia, Austria and Switzerland, Black Friday Sale is a joint sales initiative by hundreds of online vendors—among them Zalando, Disney Store, Galeria Kaufhof and Sony. Over its first 24-hour run on November 28, 2013, more than 1.2 million people visited the site, making it

This is a document about Black Friday (partying)
  The term Black Friday originates as "jargon" used by NHS and Police, and has entered the popular lexicon. From 2013, the press began to use the term Mad Friday to avoid confusion with the American Black Friday in November, which was growing increasingly popular in the UK due to marketing by American retailers. In parts of the United Kingdom, the day has been referred to as Black Eye Friday, due to unusually high number of fights that break out in bars, pubs and clubs in the area. It is sometimes called Builders' Friday, as it is the last day of work for many construction workers. In some towns, mostly in Devon, United Kingdom, it is also known as Factory Friday, as it is the last day of work for many factory workers who finish work at lunchtime and spend the rest of the day socialising in pubs. In the North of England the term "Mad Friday" has been around since at least the early nineties.

This is a document about Black Friday (shopping)
  Black Friday is a colloquial term for the Friday following Thanksgiving in the United States. It traditionally marks the start of the Christmas shopping season in the United States. Many stores offer highly promoted sales at discounted prices and often open early, sometimes as early as midnight or even on Thanksgiving. Some stores' sales continue to Monday ("Cyber Monday") or for a week ("Cyber Week"). Occurring on the fourth Friday in November unless November 1st is a Friday, Black Friday has routinely been the busiest shopping day of the year in the United States since 2005.

This is a document about Cyber Monday
  The term "Cyber Monday" was coined by Ellen Davis, and was first used within the ecommerce community during the 2005 holiday season. According to Scott Silverman, the head of Shop.org, the term was coined based on 2004 research showing "one of the biggest online shopping days of the year" was the Monday after Thanksgiving (12th-biggest day historically). Retailers also noted the most significant shopping period was December 5 through 15 of the previous year. In late November 2005, The New York Times reported: "The name Cyber Monday grew out of the observation that millions of otherwise productive working Americans, fresh off a Thanksgiving weekend of window shopping, were returning to high-speed Internet connections at work Monday and buying what they liked." At the time, a lot of people had slow Internet at home. The idea for having such a holiday was created by Tony Valado, in 2003 while working at 1800Flowers.com, and coined "White Wednesday" to be the day before Thanksgiving for online retailers.

This is a document about List of Black Fridays
  in massive layoffs in the Canadian Aerospace industry. ; Black Friday (1960), San Francisco City protest against the House Un-American Activities Committee. ; Black Friday (1963), the assassination of US President John F Kennedy in Dallas, Texas on 22 November 1963. ; Black Friday (1978), a massacre of protesters in Iran (8 September). ; Viernes Negro, beginning of modern economic turmoil in Venezuela (18 February 1983) ; 1985 United States-Canadian tornado outbreak, (31 May 1985). ; Edmonton tornado (31 July 1987), a tornado touching down in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. ; Friday the 13th mini-crash (13 October 1989), a stock market crash referred

This is a document about List of Black Fridays
  Black Friday is a term used to refer to certain events which occur on a Friday. It has been used in the following cases:

This is a document about Black Friday (shopping)
  The term Cyber Monday, a neologism invented in 2005 by the National Retail Federation's division Shop.org, refers to the Monday immediately following Black Friday based on a trend that retailers began to recognize in 2003 and 2004. Retailers noticed that many consumers, who were too busy to shop over the Thanksgiving week-end or did not find what they were looking for, shopped for bargains online that Monday from home or work. In 2010, Hitwise reported: "Thanksgiving weekend offered a strong start, especially as Black Friday sales continued to grow in popularity. For the 2nd consecutive year, Black Friday was the highest day for retail traffic during the holiday season, followed by Thanksgiving and Cyber Monday. The highest year-over-year increases in visits took place on Cyber Monday and Black Friday with growth of 16% and 13%, respectively." In 2013, Cyber Monday online sales grew by 18% over the previous year, hitting a record $1.73 billion, with an average order value of $128. In 2014, Cyber Monday was the busiest day of the year with sales exceeding $2 billion in desktop online spending, up 17% from the previous year.

This is a document about Christmas creep
  The phenomenon is associated with a desire of merchants to take advantage of particularly heavy Christmas-related shopping well before Black Friday in the United States and before Remembrance Day in Canada. The term Black Friday was not used until recently in the UK and Ireland; its increased usage can be traced to the internet being more widespread, as well as growing Americanization, as neither country celebrates Thanksgiving. Previously, retailers referred to Christmas as the "golden quarter", that is, the three months of October through December is the quarter of the year in which the retail industry hopes to make the most profit. The lack of Thanksgiving as a "barrier" between holidays has caused several retailers to put up Christmas sales earlier in the year. For instance, Irish retailer Brown Thomas opens

The term "Black Friday" first circulated in the context of heavy pedestrian and vehicular traffic on the day after Thanksgiving in Philadelphia in 1961. It was used by police to describe the crowds and traffic congestion. The term was later adopted by retailers to refer to the day when they begin to turn a profit for the year.


Question: where does the sun set in the evening

Answer: west

This is a document about Sunset
   Sunset, also known as sundown, is the daily disappearance of the Sun below the horizon due to Earth's rotation. As viewed from everywhere on Earth (except the North and South poles), the equinox Sun sets due west at the moment of both the Spring and Autumn equinox. As viewed from the Northern Hemisphere, the sun sets to the northwest (or not at all) in the Northern hemisphere's spring and summer, and to the southwest in the autumn and winter; these seasons are reversed for the Southern Hemisphere. The time of sunset is defined in astronomy as the moment when the upper limb of the Sun disappears below the horizon. Near the horizon, atmospheric refraction causes sunlight rays to be distorted to such an extent that geometrically the solar disk is already about one diameter below the horizon when a sunset is observed. Sunset is distinct from twilight, which

This is a document about Night
  "good night" (or "goodnight") is not used as a greeting. Astronomical night is the period between astronomical dusk and astronomical dawn when the Sun is between 18 and 90 degrees below the horizon and does not illuminate the sky. As seen from latitudes between about 48.56° and 65.73° north or south of the Equator, complete darkness does not occur around the summer solstice because, although the Sun sets, it is never more than 18° below the horizon at lower culmination, -90° sun a angles occur at Tropic of Cancer on December Solstice and Tropic of Capricorn on June Solstice and at equator on equinoxes. The opposite of night is day (or "daytime", to distinguish it from "day" referring

This is a document about Twilight
  Morning astronomical twilight begins (astronomical dawn) when the geometric center of the sun is 18° below the horizon in the morning and ends when the geometric center of the sun is 12° below the horizon in the morning. Evening astronomical twilight begins when the geometric center of the sun is 12° below the horizon in the evening and ends (astronomical dusk) when the geometric center of the sun is 18° below the horizon in the evening. In some places (away from urban light pollution, moonlight, auroras, and other sources of light), where the sky is dark enough for nearly all astronomical observations, astronomers can easily make observations of point sources such as stars both during and after astronomical twilight in the evening and both before and during astronomical twilight in the morning. However, some critical observations, such as of

This is a document about Night
  Night (also described as night time, night-time, or nighttime, unconventionally spelled as nite) is the period of ambient darkness from sunset to sunrise during each 24-hour day, when the Sun is below the horizon. The exact time when night begins and ends depends on the location and varies throughout the year, based on factors such as season and latitude. The word can be used in a different sense as the time between bedtime and morning. In common communication, the word night is used as a farewell ("good night") and sometimes shortened to "night", mainly when someone is going to sleep or leaving. For example: "It was nice to see you. Good night!", unlike "good morning", "good afternoon", and "good

This is a document about Evening
   Evening is the period of a day from the end of the afternoon to the beginning of night. The exact times when evening begins and ends depend on location, time of year, and culture, but it is generally regarded as beginning when the Sun is low in the sky and lasting until the end of twilight. Depending on the speaker, it may start as early as 5 or 6pm, and to last until night or bedtime. It may be used colloquially to include the last waning afternoon shortly before sunset.

This is a document about Sunset
   The time of sunset varies throughout the year, and is determined by the viewer's position on Earth, specified by latitude and longitude, altitude, and time zone. Small daily changes and noticeable semi-annual changes in the timing of sunsets are driven by the axial tilt of Earth, daily rotation of the Earth, the planet's movement in its annual elliptical orbit around the Sun, and the Earth and Moon's paired revolutions around each other. During Winter and Spring, the days get longer and sunsets occur later every day until the day of the latest sunset, which occurs after the summer solstice. In the Northern Hemisphere, the latest sunset occurs late in June or in early July,

This is a document about Sunset
  divided into three stages. The first one is civil twilight, which begins once the Sun has disappeared below the horizon, and continues until it descends to 6 degrees below the horizon. The second phase is nautical twilight, between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon. As for the third one, it is astronomical twilight, which is the period when the Sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon. Dusk is at the very end of astronomical twilight, and is the darkest moment of twilight just before night. Finally, night occurs when the Sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon and no longer illuminates the sky. Locations further North than the Arctic Circle and further South than the Antarctic Circle experience no full sunset or sunrise on at least one day of the year, when the polar day or the polar night persists continuously for 24 hours.

This is a document about Twilight
  the South Sandwich Islands, Bouvet Island, Heard Island, Falkland Islands. It also includes El Calafate and Río Gallegos in Argentina, and Puerto Natales in Chile. All night of astronomical twilight does not constitute a white night. At latitudes greater than 48°34' North or South, on dates near the summer solstice, twilight can last from sunset to sunrise, since the Sun does not go more than 18 degrees below the horizon, so complete darkness does not occur even at solar midnight. These latitudes include many densely populated regions of the Earth, including the entire United Kingdom and other countries in northern Europe and even parts of central Europe.

This is a document about Equinox
  the upper limb of the Sun is on the visible horizon, its centre is 50 arcminutes below the geometric horizon, which is the intersection with the celestial sphere of a horizontal plane through the eye of the observer. These effects make the day about 14 minutes longer than the night at the equator and longer still towards the poles. The real equality of day and night only happens in places far enough from the equator to have a seasonal difference in day length of at least 7 minutes, actually occurring a few days towards the winter side of each equinox. The times of sunset and sunrise vary with the observer's location (longitude and latitude), so the dates when

This is a document about Midnight sun
  to 23 August. The extreme sites are the poles, where the Sun can be continuously visible for half the year. The North Pole has midnight sun for 6 months from late March to late September. The opposite phenomenon, polar night, occurs in winter, when the Sun stays below the horizon throughout the day. Since the axial tilt of Earth is considerable (23 degrees, 26 minutes, 21.41196 seconds), the Sun does not set at high latitudes in local summer. The Sun remains continuously visible for one day during the summer solstice at the polar circle, for several weeks only 100 km closer to the pole, and for six months at the pole. At extreme latitudes,

This is a document about Noon
  Solar noon (informally high noon and formally local apparent solar noon) is the moment when the Sun contacts the observer's meridian, reaching its highest position above the horizon on that day ("Sun transit time") and leaving the shortest shadow. This is also the origin of the terms ante meridiem (a.m.) and post meridiem (p.m.), as noted below. The Sun is directly overhead at solar noon at the Equator on the equinoxes, at the Tropic of Cancer (latitude N) on the June solstice and at the Tropic of Capricorn ( S) on the December solstice. In the Northern Hemisphere, north of the Tropic of Cancer,

This is a document about Sunset
  depending on one's southern latitude. For a few weeks surrounding both solstices, both sunrise and sunset get slightly later each day. Even on the equator, sunrise and sunset shift several minutes back and forth through the year, along with solar noon. These effects are plotted by an analemma. Neglecting atmospheric refraction and the Sun's non-zero size, whenever and wherever sunset occurs, it is always in the northwest quadrant from the March equinox to the September equinox, and in the southwest quadrant from the September equinox to the March equinox. Sunsets occur almost exactly due west on the equinoxes for all viewers on Earth. Exact calculations of the azimuths of sunset on other dates are

This is a document about Sky
  Sun's depth below the horizon, measured in segments of 6°. After sunset, the civil twilight sets in; it ends when the Sun drops more than 6° below the horizon. This is followed by the nautical twilight, when the Sun is between 6° and 12° below the horizon (depth between −6° and −12°), after which comes the astronomical twilight, defined as the period between −12° and −18°. When the Sun drops more than 18° below the horizon, the sky generally attains its minimum brightness. Several sources can be identified as the source of the intrinsic brightness of the sky, namely airglow, indirect scattering of sunlight, scattering of starlight, and artificial light pollution.

This is a document about Dusk
  at civil dusk. At this time, objects are less distinguishable, and stars and planets appear to brighten. ; At astronomical dusk, the Sun's position is 18° below the horizon in the evening. It marks the end of astronomical twilight, which begins at nautical dusk. After this time the Sun no longer illuminates the sky, and thus no longer interferes with astronomical observations.  The time of dusk is the moment at the very end of astronomical twilight, just before the minimum brightness of the night sky sets in, or may be thought of as the darkest part of evening twilight. However, technically, the three stages of dusk are as follows:

This is a document about Sky brightness
  before sunrise until or since, respectively, the full darkness of night), the situation is more complicated, and a further differentiation is required. Twilight (both dusk and dawn) is divided into three 6° segments that mark the Sun's position below the horizon. At civil twilight, the center of the Sun's disk appears to be between 1/4° and 6° below the horizon. At nautical twilight, the Sun's altitude is between –6° and –12°. At astronomical twilight, the Sun is between –12° and –18°. When the Sun's depth is more than 18°, the sky generally attains its maximum darkness. Sources of the night sky's intrinsic brightness include airglow, indirect scattering of sunlight, scattering of starlight, and light pollution.

This is a document about Night sky
  segments according to how far the sun is below the horizon in segments of 6°. After sunset the civil twilight sets in, and ends when the sun drops more than 6° below the horizon. This is followed by the nautical twilight, when the sun reaches heights of -6° and -12°, after which comes the astronomical twilight defined as the period from -12° to -18°. When the sun drops more than 18° below the horizon the sky generally attains its minimum brightness. Several sources can be identified as the source of the intrinsic brightness of the sky, namely airglow, indirect scattering of sunlight, scattering of starlight, and artificial light pollution.

This is a document about March equinox
  sunset can be said to start several minutes before the sun's geometric center even crosses the horizon, and extends equally long after. These conditions produce differentials of actual durations of light and darkness at various locations on Earth during an equinox. This is most notable at the more extreme latitudes, where the Sun may be seen to travel sideways considerably during the morning and evening, drawing out the transition from day to night. At the north and south poles, the Sun appears to move steadily around the horizon, and just above the horizon, neither rising nor setting apart from a slight change in declination of about 0.39° per day as the equinox passes.

This is a document about Thai poetry
  Transcription: Translation: "The evening settles as the sun crosses the sky.As it sets in the west, its light fades.Its last rays flicker, and the sky turns from redInto a clear glowing indigo, so bright and pure."

This is a document about Twilight
  the winter side of the equinoxes. Outside the polar circles, where the angular distance from the polar circle is less than the angle which defines twilight (see above), twilight can continue through local midnight near the summer solstice. The precise position of the polar circles, and the regions where twilight can continue through local midnight, varies slightly from year to year with Earth's axial tilt. The lowest latitudes at which the various twilights can continue through local midnight are approximately 60.561° (60°33′43″) for civil twilight, 54.561° (54°33′43″) for nautical twilight and 48.561° (48°33′43″) for astronomical twilight. These are the largest cities of their respective

This is a document about Dawn
  Daytime becomes longer as the summer solstice approaches, while nighttime gets longer as the winter solstice approaches. This can have a potential impact on the times and durations of dawn and dusk. This effect is more pronounced closer to the poles, where the Sun rises at the vernal equinox and sets at the autumn equinox, with a long period of twilight, lasting for a few weeks. The polar circle (at 66°34′ north or south) is defined as the lowest latitude at which the Sun does not set at the summer solstice. Therefore, the angular radius of the polar circle is equal to the angle between Earth's equatorial plane and the ecliptic plane. This period of time with no sunset lengthens closer to the pole. Near the summer solstice, latitudes higher than 54°34′ get no darker than nautical twilight; the "darkness of the night" varies greatly at these latitudes. At latitudes higher than about 60°34, summer nights get no darker than civil twilight. This period of "bright nights" is longer at higher latitudes.

The sun sets in the western direction during the evening. The exact point on the horizon where the sun disappears below it is called the sunset.


Question: where does carbon fixation occur in c4 plants

Answer: in the mesophyll cells

This is a document about Fractionation of carbon isotopes in oxygenic photosynthesis
  [[File:C4 Plant Anatomy.svg|thumb|In the C4 pathway, a layer of mesophyll cells encircles bundle sheath cells that have large chloroplasts necessary for the Calvin cycle. A: Mesophyll Cell B: Chloroplast C: Vascular Tissue D: Bundle Sheath Cell E: Stroma F: Vascular Tissue: provides continuous source of water 1) Carbon is fixed to produce oxaloacetate by PEP carboxylase. 2) The four carbon molecule then exits the cell and enters the chloroplasts of bundle sheath cells. 3) It is then broken down releasing carbon dioxide and producing pyruvate. Carbon dioxide combines with ribulose bisphosphate and proceeds to the Calvin Cycle.]] C4 plants have developed the C4 carbon fixation pathway to

This is a document about Photorespiration
  C4 plants capture carbon dioxide in their mesophyll cells (using an enzyme called phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase which catalyzes the combination of carbon dioxide with a compound called phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)), forming oxaloacetate. This oxaloacetate is then converted to malate and is transported into the bundle sheath cells (site of carbon dioxide fixation by RuBisCO) where oxygen concentration is low to avoid photorespiration. Here, carbon dioxide is removed from the malate and combined with RuBP by RuBisCO in the usual way, and the Calvin Cycle proceeds as normal. The concentrations in the Bundle Sheath are approximately 10–20 fold higher than the concentration in the mesophyll cells. This ability to avoid photorespiration makes these plants more hardy than other plants in dry and hot environments, wherein stomata are closed and internal carbon dioxide levels are low. Under these conditions, photorespiration does occur in C4 plants, but at a much reduced level compared with C3 plants in the same conditions. C4 plants include sugar cane, corn (maize), and sorghum.

This is a document about Biological carbon fixation
  C4 plants preface the Calvin cycle with reactions that incorporate CO2 into one of the 4-carbon compounds, malic acid or aspartic acid. C4 plants have a distinctive internal leaf anatomy. Tropical grasses, such as sugar cane and maize are C4 plants, but there are many broadleaf plants that are C4. Overall, 7600 species of terrestrial plants use C4 carbon fixation, representing around 3% of all species. These plants have a carbon isotope signature of −16 to −10 ‰.

This is a document about Evolution of photosynthesis
  The C4 metabolic pathway is a valuable recent evolutionary innovation in plants, involving a complex set of adaptive changes to physiology and gene expression patterns. About 7600 species of plants use carbon fixation, which represents about 3% of all terrestrial species of plants. All these 7600 species are angiosperms. C4 plants evolved carbon concentrating mechanisms. These work by increasing the concentration of around RuBisCO, thereby facilitating photosynthesis and decreasing photorespiration. The process of concentrating around RuBisCO requires more energy than allowing gases to diffuse, but under certain conditions – i.e. warm temperatures (>25 °C), low  concentrations, or high oxygen concentrations – pays off in terms of the decreased loss of sugars through photorespiration. One type of C4 metabolism employs a

This is a document about Fractionation of carbon isotopes in oxygenic photosynthesis
  at a point between 32 and 25 million years ago. This gave a selective advantage to the evolution of the C4 pathway, which can limit photorespiration rate despite the reduced ambient CO2. Today, C4 plants represent roughly 5% of plant biomass on Earth, but about 23% of terrestrial carbon fixation. Types of plants which use C4 photosynthesis include grasses and economically important crops, such as maize, sugar cane, millet, and sorghum. Isotopic fractionation differs between C4 carbon fixation and C3, due to the spatial separation in C4 plants of CO2 capture (in the mesophyll cells) and the Calvin cycle (in the bundle sheath cells). In C4

This is a document about Photosynthetic efficiency
  C3 plants use the Calvin cycle to fix carbon. C4 plants use a modified Calvin cycle in which they separate Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (RuBisCO) from atmospheric oxygen, fixing carbon in their mesophyll cells and using oxaloacetate and malate to ferry the fixed carbon to RuBisCO and the rest of the Calvin cycle enzymes isolated in the bundle-sheath cells. The intermediate compounds both contain four carbon atoms, which gives C4. In Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), time isolates functioning RuBisCO (and the other Calvin cycle enzymes) from high oxygen concentrations produced by photosynthesis, in that O2 is evolved during the day, and allowed

This is a document about Biosequestration
  Biosequestration may be enhanced by improving photosynthetic efficiency by modifying RuBisCO genes in plants to increase the catalytic and/or oxygenation activity of that enzyme. One such research area involves increasing the Earth's proportion of C4 carbon fixation photosynthetic plants. C4 plants represent about 5% of Earth's plant biomass and 1% of its known plant species, but account for around 30% of terrestrial carbon fixation. In leaves of C3 plants, captured photons of solar energy undergo photosynthesis which assimilates carbon into carbohydrates (triosephosphates) in the chloroplasts of the mesophyll cells. The primary CO2 fixation step is catalysed by ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) which reacts with O2 leading to photorespiration that protects photosynthesis from photoinhibition but wastes 50% of potentially fixed carbon. The C4 photosynthetic pathway, however, concentrates CO2 at the site of the reaction of Rubisco, thereby reducing the biosequestration-inhibiting photorespiration. A new frontier in crop science consists of attempts to genetically engineer C3 staple food crops (such as wheat, barley, soybeans, potatoes and rice) with the "turbo-charged" photosynthetic apparatus of C4 plants.

This is a document about Capnophile
  a unique metabolism involving carbon fixation. While carbon fixation is common to most plant life on earth since it is the key initial step in the biosynthesis of complex carbon compounds during photosynthesis (the Calvin cycle), it is found in relatively few microorganisms and not found in animals. M. succiniciproducens can attach carbon dioxide to the three-carbon backbone of phosphoenolpyruvate, an endproduct in glycolysis, to generate the four-carbon compound, oxaloacetic acid, an intermediate in the Krebs cycle. Although M. succiniciproducens has most of the intermediates in the Krebs cycle, it appears incapable of aerobic respiration, instead using fumarate as a final electron acceptor.

This is a document about Photosynthesis
  In hot and dry conditions, plants close their stomata to prevent water loss. Under these conditions, will decrease and oxygen gas, produced by the light reactions of photosynthesis, will increase, causing an increase of photorespiration by the oxygenase activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and decrease in carbon fixation. Some plants have evolved mechanisms to increase the concentration in the leaves under these conditions. Plants that use the C4 carbon fixation process chemically fix carbon dioxide in the cells of the mesophyll by adding it to the three-carbon molecule phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme called PEP carboxylase, creating the four-carbon organic

This is a document about Malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (NADP+)
  In a broader context, malic enzymes are found within a wide range of eukaryotic organisms, from fungi to mammals, and beyond that, are shown to localize in range of subcellular locations, including the cytosol, mitochondria, and chloroplast. C4 NADP-ME, specifically, is in plants localized in bundle sheath chloroplasts. During C4 photosynthesis, an evolved pathway to increase localized CO2 concentrations under the threat of enhanced photorespiration, CO2 is captured within mesophyll cells, fixed as oxaloacetate, converted into malate and released internally within bundle sheath cells to directly feed RuBisCO activity. This release of fixed CO2, triggered by the favorable decarboxylation of malate into pyruvate, is mediated by NADP-dependent malic enzyme. In fact, the significance of NADP-ME activity in CO2 conservation is evidenced by a study performed with transgenic plants exhibiting a NADP-ME loss of function mutation. Plants with the mutation experienced 40% the activity of wild-type NADP-ME and achieved significantly reduced CO2 uptake even at high intercellular levels of CO2, evidencing the biological importance of NADP-ME at regulating carbon flux towards the Calvin cycle.

This is a document about Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
  PEPCK is one of three decarboxylation enzymes used in the inorganic carbon concentrating mechanisms of C4 and CAM plants. The others are NADP-malic enzyme and NAD-malic enzyme. In C4 carbon fixation, carbon dioxide is first fixed by combination with phosphoenolpyruvate to form oxaloacetate in the mesophyll. In PEPCK-type C4 plants the oxaloacetate is then converted to aspartate, which travels to the bundle sheath. In the bundle sheath cells, aspartate is converted back to oxaloacetate. PEPCK decarboxylates the bundle sheath oxaloacetate, releasing carbon dioxide, which is then fixed by the enzyme Rubisco. For each molecule of carbon dioxide produced by PEPCK, a molecule of ATP is consumed. PEPCK acts in plants that undergo C4 carbon fixation, where its action has been localized to the cytosol, in contrast to

This is a document about Fractionation of carbon isotopes in oxygenic photosynthesis
 CO2 + H2O + RuBP →RuBisCO 2(3-phosphoglycerate) A C3 plant uses C3 carbon fixation, one of the three metabolic photosynthesis pathways which also include C4 and CAM (described below). These plants are called "C3" due to the three-carbon compound (3-Phosphoglyceric acid, or 3-PGA) produced by the CO2 fixation mechanism in these plants. This C3 mechanism is the first step of the Calvin-Benson cycle, which converts CO2 and RuBP into 3-PGA. C3 plants are the most common type of plant, and typically thrive under moderate sunlight intensity and temperatures, CO2 concentrations above 200 ppm, and abundant groundwater. C3 plants do not

This is a document about C4 carbon fixation
    carbon fixation or the Hatch–Slack pathway is one of three known photosynthetic processes of carbon fixation in plants. It owes the names to the 1960's discovery by Marshall Davidson Hatch and Charles Roger Slack that some plants, when supplied with 14, incorporate the 14C label into four-carbon molecules first. fixation is an addition to the ancestral and more common carbon fixation. The main carboxylating enzyme in photosynthesis is called RuBisCO, and catalyses two distinct reactions, with  (carboxylation), and with oxygen (oxygenation), which gives rise to the wasteful process of photorespiration. photosynthesis reduces photorespiration by concentrating around RuBisCO. To ensure that RuBisCO works in an environment where there is a lot of carbon dioxide and very little oxygen, leaves generally differentiate two partially

This is a document about Photosynthesis
  high stomatal resistances and lower mesophyll resistances for gas diffusion and rates never saturated at full sun light. The research at Arizona was designated a Citation Classic in 1986. These species were later termed C4 plants as the first stable compound of CO2 fixation in light has 4 carbons as malate and aspartate. Other species that lack Kranz anatomy were termed C3 type such as cotton and sunflower, as the first stable carbon compound is the 3-carbon PGA. At 1000 ppm CO2 in measuring air, both the C3 and C4 plants had similar leaf photosynthetic rates around 60 μmol CO2·m−2·s−1 indicating the suppression of photorespiration in C3 plants.

This is a document about Fractionation of carbon isotopes in oxygenic photosynthesis
  improve RuBisCO efficiency, whereas C4 plants spatially concentrate CO2 in bundle sheath cells. The distribution of plants which use CAM photosynthesis includes epiphytes (e.g., orchids, bromeliads) and xerophytes (e.g., succulents, cacti). In Crassulacean acid metabolism, isotopic fractionation combines the effects of the C3 pathway in the daytime and the C4 pathway in the nighttime. At night, when temperature and water loss are lower, the CO2 diffuses through the stomata and produce malate via phosphenolpyruvate carboxylase. During the following day, stomata are closed, malate is decarboxylated, and CO2 is fixed by RuBisCO. This process alone is similar to that of C4 plants and yields characteristic C4 fractionation values of approximately -11‰. However, in the afternoon, CAM plants may open their stomata and perform C3

This is a document about Convergent evolution
  While convergent evolution is often illustrated with animal examples, it has often occurred in plant evolution. For instance, C4 photosynthesis, one of the three major carbon-fixing biochemical processes, has arisen independently up to 40 times. About 7,600 plant species of angiosperms use carbon fixation, with many monocots including 46% of grasses such as maize and sugar cane,  and dicots including several species in the Chenopodiaceae and the Amaranthaceae.

This is a document about Poaceae
  to the photosynthetic pathway for carbon fixation. The C4 grasses have a photosynthetic pathway, linked to specialized Kranz leaf anatomy, which allows for increased water use efficiency, rendering them better adapted to hot, arid environments. The C3 grasses are referred to as "cool-season" grasses, while the C4 plants are considered "warm-season" grasses. Although the C4 species are all in the PACMAD clade (see diagram above), it seems that various forms of C4 have arisen some twenty or more times, in various subfamilies or genera. In the Aristida genus for example, one species (A. longifolia) is C3 but the approximately 300 other species are C4. As another example, the whole tribe of Andropogoneae, which includes maize, sorghum, sugar cane, "Job's tears", and bluestem grasses, is C4. Around 46 percent of grass species are C4 plants.

This is a document about Rottboellia cochinchinensis
  Rottboellia cochinchinensis uses C4 carbon fixation during photosynthesis and as such is mostly found in warm tropical climates with high sunlight, generally in the tropics and between the northern and southern 20 °C isotherms. Carbon fixation by this pathway allows plants to avoid the wasteful process of photorespiration and as such confers a competitive advantage to species such as R. cochinchinensis in high light intensity, high heat and low humidity conditions over C3 plants. The species can be found in a diverse array of habitats including grassland and marginal land, as well as being a major weed of perennial and rotation crops across the

This is a document about Genetically modified rice
  In 2015 a consortium of 12 laboratories in eight countries developed a cultivar that displayed a rudimentary form of C4 photosynthesis (C4P) to boost growth by capturing carbon dioxide and concentrated it in specialized leaf cells. C4P is the reason corn and sugarcane grow so rapidly. Engineering C4 photosynthesis into rice could increase yields per hectare by roughly 50 percent. The current cultivar still relies primarily on C3 photosynthesis. To get them to completely adopt C4P, the plants must produce specialized cells in a precise arrangement: one set of cells to capture the carbon dioxide and to surround other cells that concentrate it. Some (possibly dozens of) genes involved in producing these cells remain to be identified. Other C3P crops that could exploit such knowledge include wheat, potatoes, tomatoes, apples and soybeans.

This is a document about Photosynthesis
  PEP-carboxylase in carbon fixation are called C3 plants because the primary carboxylation reaction, catalyzed by RuBisCO, produces the three-carbon 3-phosphoglyceric acids directly in the Calvin-Benson cycle. Over 90% of plants use carbon fixation, compared to 3% that use  carbon fixation; however, the evolution of  in over 60 plant lineages makes it a striking example of convergent evolution. Xerophytes, such as cacti and most succulents, also use PEP carboxylase to capture carbon dioxide in a process called Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM). In contrast to metabolism, which spatially separates the  fixation to PEP from the Calvin cycle, CAM temporally separates these two processes.

Carbon fixation in C4 plants occurs in the bundle sheath cells of the mesophyll bundle, where the enzyme RuBisCO is located. The carbon dioxide is first converted into oxaloacetate and then into malate, which is transported to the bundle sheath cells where it is decarboxylated and released as carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is then fixed by RuBisCO and enters the Calvin cycle.


Question: when does the new wheel of fortune season start

Answer: September 10 , 2018

This is a document about Maggie Sajak
  Wheel of Fortune (5 episodes in 2020)

This is a document about Wheel of Fortune (American game show)
  Wheel of Fortune typically employs a total of 100 in-house production personnel, with 60 to 100 local staff joining them for those episodes that are taped on location. Griffin was the executive producer of the network version throughout its entire run, and served as the syndicated version's executive producer until his retirement in 2000. Since 1999, the title of executive producer has been held by Harry Friedman, who had shared his title with Griffin for his first year, and had earlier served as a producer starting in 1995. On August 1, 2019, Sony Pictures Television announced that Friedman would retire as executive producer of both Wheel and Jeopardy! at the end of the 2019–20 season. On August 29, 2019, Sony Pictures Television announced that Mike Richards would replace Friedman

This is a document about Sony Pictures Studios
 Wheel of Fortune (1995–present, Studio 11) ; Jeopardy! (1994–present, The Alex Trebek Stage; formerly Studio 10) ; Wheel 2000 (1997–1998, Studio 11) ; Jep! (1998–1999, Studio 11) ; Rock & Roll Jeopardy! (1998–2001, Studio 11) ; Hollywood Showdown (2000–2001, Studio 11) ; Pyramid (2002–2004) ; American Gladiators (2008 revival, Season 1 only) ; Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (2010–2011) ; Sports Jeopardy! (2014–2016, The Alex Trebek Stage; formerly Studio 10) ; Snoop Dogg Presents The Joker's Wild (2017–2019) ; Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (2020–present) ; The Celebrity Dating Game (2021–present)

This is a document about 1950s quiz show scandals
  a Millionaire? premiered, setting off an era of million-dollar game shows including Greed (which premiered in November 1999), The Weakest Link (which premiered in April 2001) and Deal or No Deal (which premiered in December 2005 and became a regular series in March 2006). Australia's short-lived Million Dollar Wheel of Fortune format was adopted to the U.S. version in 2008, and Millionaire ultimately ended its run in syndication in May 2019 after seventeen seasons, after which a new ABC network season premiered in March 2020. ABC limited a contestant's winnings to $30,000 (although contestants were retired after winning $20,000) before permanently removing the limit in

This is a document about Million Dollar Listing Los Angeles
  and David Parnes joining the cast and Hildebrand departing. Season 8 premiered on September 2, 2015. The ninth season premiered on October 6, 2016 with Madison Hildebrand returning as a full-time cast member. The tenth season premiered on November 2, 2017 with Tracy Tutor Maltas joining the cast. In April 2018, the show was renewed for an eleventh season. Madison Hildebrand confirmed that he would not return for the eleventh season. The eleventh season premiered on January 3, 2019. On April 30, 2020, it was announced that the twelfth season will premiere on June 16, 2020. The entire season 11 cast returned while the season also featured an appearance by New York broker Fredrik Eklund.

This is a document about Hip Hop Squares
  Wheel of Fortune and Family Feud) as a game show that has aired in six different decades. (Only The Price Is Right and To Tell the Truth have been on longer; both have aired in eight decades.) On July 28, 2016, VH1 announced a new version of Hip Hop Squares, which premiered on March 13, 2017. The series is executive produced by rapper and actor Ice Cube and hosted by DeRay Davis. Additionally, Davis was a semi-regular panelist on the original MTV2 version before becoming the host of the VH1 version. A fourth season (second for VH1) began on April 18, 2018. The fifth season (third for VH1) premiered on August 13, 2019.

This is a document about Vanna White
  Santa Holiday Giveaway. Subsequently, the show went on hiatus during Christmas week (December 23, 2019) and then a week of previously-taped "America's Game" episodes (Wheel tapes six episodes per day, with each studio audience receiving three shows each; the third show in the afternoon session is an "America's Game" episode) that Sajak hosted, before White returned to hosting on January 6, 2020, for a final week; she was assisted by a "special guest", Pat Sajak's daughter Maggie. Fully recovered from his surgery, Sajak returned to the show on December 5, 2019, with episodes to be broadcast beginning on January 13, 2020. In 2021, Sajak and White hosted Celebrity Wheel of Fortune on ABC. Later in the year it was announced that both Sajak and White have been signed on to continue as hosts of Wheel of Fortune through the 2023–24 season.

This is a document about Wheel of Fortune (American game show)
  January 7, 2021. Wheel of Fortune ranks as the longest-running syndicated game show in the United States, with 7,000 episodes taped and aired as of May 10, 2019. TV Guide named it the "top-rated syndicated series" in a 2008 article, and in 2013, the magazine ranked it at No. 2 in its list of the 60 greatest game shows ever. The program has also come to gain a worldwide following with sixty international adaptations. The syndicated series' 39th season premiered on September 13, 2021, and Sajak became the longest-running host of any game show, surpassing Bob Barker, who hosted The Price Is Right from 1972 to 2007.

This is a document about Jeopardy!
  producer of both Jeopardy! and Wheel of Fortune at the end of the 2019–20 season. On August 29, 2019, it was announced that Mike Richards replaced Friedman in 2020. On August 31, 2021, after Richards resigned as permanent host, he was fired from his executive producer position at both Jeopardy! and Wheel, with Sony executives citing continued internal turmoil that Richards's resignation as host had failed to quell as they had hoped. Michael Davies from Embassy Row, which also produces Sony game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire, served as interim executive producer, and will remain executive producer through the 2021–22 season.

This is a document about Harry Friedman
  On August 1, 2019, Sony Pictures Television announced that Friedman would retire as executive producer of both Jeopardy! and Wheel of Fortune following the 2019–20 season, despite the COVID-19 pandemic cutting his last television season short. He was succeeded by Mike Richards.

This is a document about Spin the Wheel (game show)
  Spin the Wheel is an American trivia and strategy game show that premiered on Fox on June 20, 2019. Hosted by actor and comedian Dax Shepard, the show features a 40 ft high vertical roulette wheel divided into 48 wedges that can award money to contestants or partially/completely wipe out their winnings. The show's producers scout for Good Samaritans to reward with a chance to earn up to $23 million per episode.

This is a document about List of programs broadcast by Fox
 Hell's Kitchen (2005) ; So You Think You Can Dance (2005) ; MasterChef (2010) ; MasterChef Junior (2013) ; Beat Shazam (2017) ; The Masked Singer (2019) ; Mental Samurai (2019) ; Lego Masters (2020) ; Cosmos: Possible Worlds (2020) ; I Can See Your Voice (2020) ; The Masked Dancer (2020) ; Name That Tune (2021) ; Cherries Wild (2021) ; Game of Talents (2021) ; America's Most Wanted (1988–2011; 2021) ; Crime Scene Kitchen (2021) ; Holmes Family Effect (2021) ; Alter Ego (2021)

This is a document about 2020 F4 Spanish Championship
  The series posted the original schedule on 4 December 2019. After the start of the season was delayed due to the 2019-20 coronavirus pandemic, the series released a new calendar on 1 June 2020.

This is a document about A Football Life
  Season Ten premiered on September 17, 2021.

This is a document about Wheel of Fortune (American game show)
  Created by Scott Sternberg, the spin-off featured special gameplay in which numerous rules were changed. For example, the show's child contestants competed for points and prizes instead of cash, with the eventual winner playing for a grand prize in the bonus round. In November 2020, ABC ordered a prime time spin-off show, Celebrity Wheel of Fortune, with Richards as executive producer and Sajak and White as hosts, which premiered on January 7, 2021. Each hour-long episode consists of two complete games, with the same three celebrities playing on behalf of designated charities in both. In May 2021, ABC renewed Celebrity Wheel of Fortune, which premiered on September 26, 2021.

This is a document about Sasuke (TV series)
  Cleveland. The tenth season of the show began airing on May 30, 2018 with returning cities and a $10,000 bonus for finishing the Mega Warped Wall. The eleventh season began airing on May 29, 2019 with two new cities (Tacoma and Cincinnati), a chance to go directly to Las Vegas with the Speed Pass in the Power Tower duel between the two fastest players, and a new co-host, Zuri Hall. Although Drew Drechsel became the third person to achieve Total Victory at the end of the season, NBCUniversal has removed the references as a result of his inductment on child pornography charges a year later.

This is a document about Koło Fortuny
  replacing it with a cash wedge (usually a Swiss watch, leather goods etc.). The traditional "NAGRODA" ("Prize") space remains, and is also detached. Prizes are usually expensive, than surprises (household goods, spa travel etc.). As usual, the contestant must solve the puzzle in that round without hitting the Bankrupt space to win the prize. For the new season starting on August 31, 2020, the Free Play ("GRAJ DALEJ" -- "Play On") and Wild Card ("ZŁOTA KARTA" -- "Gold Card") wedges were added to the wheel. The top values are now 1,500 zloty for the first regular round, 2,000 for

This is a document about List of Epcot attractions
  a refurbished version of Tapestry of Nations replacing the Sage of Time, the parade's original host/narrator with three Dreamseekers. ; 25th Anniversary (October 1, 2007): included a re-dedication of the park, presentations by Marty Sklar, an exhibit showing the history of EPCOT, fan gatherings, and was concluded by a special IllumiNations: Reflections of Earth which added an extra few minutes of fireworks. Classic Epcot songs ranging from We've Just Begun to Dream from opening day to Celebrate the Future Hand in Hand from the Millennium Celebration were played around the entrance and around the park all day. ; Wheel of Fortune at Walt Disney World (October 10, 2017 — February 16, 2018): A road show of Wheel took place between 2017 and 2018.

This is a document about The Circle (American season 1)
  On December 10, 2019, a trailer for the American version was released, revealing the premiere date to be January 1, 2020, and the prize amount to be $100,000. On December 29, it was revealed by The New York Times that twelve episodes would be airing from January 1 to January 15 with four episodes being released every Wednesday as part of the "three week event." On December 30, 2019, in order to get more people interested in The Circle, Netflix released a thirty-minute cut of the hour-long first episode of the season on its YouTube channel for free. Then, starting on January 1 and lasting until January 15, Netflix dropped four episodes every week on Wednesday.

This is a document about The Profit (TV series)
  ratings going up 115% from the first season, the third season premiered on May 12, 2015. The Profit returned for a fourth season on August 23, 2016. A fifth season premiered on November 21, 2017 and started with a "recap" episode that looked back at different companies Lemonis had invested in and said whether they were a "win" or a "loss". The sixth season premiered on December 4, 2018. On October 14, 2019, it was announced that the seventh season will premiere on November 5, 2019. On September 28, 2021 Marcus Lemonis posted on his twitter feed "2013 - 2021 thank you" indicating that season 8 will be the last season for the show.

The new Wheel of Fortune season is scheduled to start on June 16, 2020.


Question: who won sa re ga ma little champs 2017

Answer: Shreyan Bhattacharya

This is a document about Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Marathi L'il Champs
 Rohit Raut ; Prathamesh Laghate ; Aarya Ambekar ; Mugdha Vaishampayan ; Kartiki Gaikwad The top 5 Little Champs Season 1 Finalists are These Top 5 Finalist were invited in the show Chala Hawa Yeu Dya on Zee Marathi for completing 12 years of Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Little Champs Finale from 8–10 February 2021.

This is a document about Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs 2017
  Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs 2017 (stylised as Saregamapa Li'l Champs) is an Indian singing competition television series which premiered on 25 February 2017 on Zee TV. In a back-to-school format that lends itself to a spirited atmosphere of camaraderie and fun, the L’il Champs represent their schools. For the first time in L'il Champs, they have incorporated the format created for Sa Re Ga Ma Pa 2016. There is a 30-member Grand Jury which grades the contestants and the average percentage of their scores is displayed. Himesh Reshammiya, Neha Kakkar and Javed Ali are the mentors in the show, whereas Aditya Narayan is the host. The show went off air on 29 October 2017 following the Great Grand Finale in Jaipur. Shreyan Bhattacharya and Anjali Gaikwad were announced as the winners.

This is a document about Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs 2020
  Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs 2020 is an Indian reality television program scheduled to premiere on Zee TV in 2020. The show is a children's singing competition, spin off from Sa Re Ga Ma Pa. It is being hosted by Manish Paul. Previous editions were judged by Alka Yagnik, Udit Narayan, and Kumar Sanu. Sanu and Narayan has been replaced by Himesh Reshammiya and Javed Ali due to other commitments. The show is the 8th season of the franchise. Aryananda R Babu was announced as the winner of SaReGaMaPa Li’l Champs 2020, and Ranita Banerjee and Gurkirat Singh became the first and second runner-up of the show.

This is a document about Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Lil Champs
  Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Lil Champs is a 2016 Indian-Tamil language musical reality TV game show, which airs on Zee Tamil. The show based on the Hindi Language show Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs. The first season of the show began airing on 24 December 2016 to 7 May 2017 on every Saturday and Sunday at 19:00 (IST) for 40 episodes. The judges are Singers Karthik, Vijay Prakash and Sujatha Mohan. Vishwa Prasad was the winner of season one. The second season started from 5 May 2018 and airs every Saturday and Sunday at 18:30 (IST). The series is meant for young children between the ages of 5–14 years, which judges the prodigious children on the basis of their voice quality, singing talent and versatility in performance.

This is a document about Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs 2019
  Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs 2019 is an Indian reality television program that premiered on 9 February 2019 and ended on 9 June 2019 on Zee TV. The series, a children's singing competition, was hosted by Ravi Dubey and judged by Amaal Malik, Richa Sharma and Shaan. It was the 7th season of the franchise and was won by 14-year-old Sugandha Date.

This is a document about Mugdha Vaishampayan
  In 2008, Mugdha first auditioned for Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Marathi L'il Champs, a competitive music reality show produced Zee Marathi television channel. She became one of 50 finalists chosen from among several thousand age 8 to 14 children from Maharashtra, and ended as one of the top 5 finalists overall. On the show she was known as "The Little Monitor". During the course of the competition, Mugdha was awarded with the title "Raigad Bhushan" by Raigad Zilha Parishad and is one of the youngest persons to have received such award from any elected Government body.

This is a document about Super Singer Junior
  of Monika. Pravasthi (also known as Contestant SSJ06 Pravasthi) was born 9 December 2006, and 8 years old at the time of the show. She attended Geethanjali Olypiyaad school. The show's official website also listed her other nickname as "Rhino" and "Polly". Pravasti previously won Zee Telugu's Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Little Champs 2011, another reality TV singing competition, at the age of 4 years. After being eliminated from the competition, Pravasthi qualified as a wildcard entrant. Polly is appearing instead of Pravasthi. J. Anal Akash Bharathy (also known as Contestant SSJ09 Anal Akash) was born 15 September 1999, and 15 years old at the

This is a document about Dance India Dance
 Mudassar Khan, his team is named Mudassar Ki Mandali. ; Marzi Pestonji, his team is named Marzi Ke Mastane. ; Mini Pradhan, her team is named Mini Ke Masterblasters. Shivam Wankhede (Jalgaon) ; Paramdeep Singh (Eliminated) ; Alphons Chetty (Eliminated) ; Daphisha Kharbani (Eliminated) ; Ria Chatterjee (Eliminated) ; Deepak (Eliminated) Sachin Sharma (Faridabad) ; Kalpita Kachroo (Eliminated) ; Punyakar Upadhyay (Eliminated) ; Shweta Warrier (Eliminated) ; Shweta Sharda (Eliminated) ; Rahul Burman (Eliminated) Sanket Gaonkar (Ankola) ; Piyush Gurbhele (Nagpur) ; Nainika Anasuru (Jharsuguda) (Odisha) (Wildcard Entry) ; Sujan Marpa (Eliminated) ; Deepak Hulsure (Wildcard Entry) (Eliminated) ; Sonal Vichare (Eliminated) ; Mitesh Roy (Eliminated) ; Sarang Roy

This is a document about Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs 2020
 Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Li'l Champs 2020 won Gold for the best children's promo at Promax India 2020 virtual award ceremony.

This is a document about Maharashtra Kesari
  The First Champion Of This Championship is Sardar Bhomji Panchariya (1854).Harshwardhan Sadgir is current (2019) Maharashtra Kesri. Bala Rafik became the winner of 2018 by defeating the winner of the 2017 edition Abhijit Katke. Narsing Yadav holds the record of winning the title three times consecutively from 2011 to 2013 and in 2016 Vijay chaudhary tied the record of Narsing Yadav. Vijay also won three times consecutively from 2014 to 2016, whereas Ganpat Khedkar, Chamba Mutnaal, Laxman Wadar, Dadu Chougule and Chandrahar Patil have won the title twice. After winning his second title in 2008, Chandrahar Patil also competed in the 2009 championship whereas previous double title holders had not competed the third time. Yuvaraj Patil hold the record of being the youngest winner at the age of 17.

This is a document about Dance India Dance
  Cardoz and Swarali Karulkar, as skippers. The teams were Raghav/Omkar ke Rockstar, Sanam ke Superheroes, Rahul and Paul ke Rapchik Punters and Swarali ke Sparklers. Teriya Magar from Nepal was declared the winner, and Anushka Chetry became the 1st runner-up. Sadhwin Shetty was the 2nd runner-up. Hardik Ruparel was declared the 3rd runner-up DID Li'l Masters returned with its 4th season after 4 years. It began broadcasting on 3 March 2018. Marzi Pestonji, Chitrangnda Singh and Siddharth Anand are the judges along with Vaishnavi Patil, Jitumoni Kalita, Tanay Malhara and Bir Radha Sherpa as the skippers. The teams are Vaishnavi Ke Veer, Jitumoni

This is a document about 2017 in sports
  2017 IBSF World Under-21 Snooker Championship in 🇨🇳 Beijing ; Men: 🇨🇳 Fan Zhengyi defeated 🇨🇳 Luo Honghao, 7–6. ; Women: 🇹🇭 Nutcharat Wongharuthai defeated 🇨🇳 Xia Yuying, 5–3. ; October 1 – 8: 2017 World Open Under-16 Snooker Championships (debut event) in 🇷🇺 Saint Petersburg ; Boys: 🏴 Dylan Emery defeated 🇷🇺 Mikhail Terekhov, 4–1. ; Girls: 🇮🇳 Anupama Ramachandran defeated 🇮🇳 Keerthana Pandian, 3–1. ; November 17 – 27: 2017 IBSF World Snooker Championship in 🇶🇦 Doha ; Men: 🇮🇳 Pankaj Advani defeated Amir Sarkhosh, 8–2. ; Women: 🇧🇪 Wendy Jans defeated 🇹🇭 Waratthanun Sukritthanes, 5–2. ; Masters: 🏴 Darren Morgan defeated 🇮🇳 Alok Kumar, 5–1.

This is a document about Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs International
  Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs International is an Indian televised children's singing competition announced by Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Challenge 2007 host, Aditya Narayan, on 28 July 2007. The season began on 19 October 2007 with 28 contestants. The show was broadcast on Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays. Anamika Choudhari won this competition on 1 March 2008. It is the second instalment of the "Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs" series and the fifth public voting competition in the "Sa Re Ga Ma Pa" series. Chronologically, the show was preceded by Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Challenge 2007. Narayan mentioned that children aged 6–14 worldwide could send recordings of their songs on a CD if they wished to participate in the competition. Furthermore, on 13 October 2007, Narayan also added that Pritam and Sonu Nigam would be the judges of the show. However, Pritam was later replaced by Suresh Wadkar.

This is a document about Tiger Daula
 Champion of India

This is a document about 2016 in sports
  Commonwealth Chess Championship 2016 in Wadduwa ; Winnesr: 🇮🇳 Abhijeet Gupta (m) / 🇮🇳 Tania Sachdev (f) ; U8 winner: 🇮🇳 P. Das Swayham (m) / A. N. Shefali (f) ; U10 winners: 🇮🇳 D. Gukesh (m) / 🇮🇳 Sanskruti Wankhede (f) ; U12 winners: Malan Pathirana (m) / 🇮🇳 Narayani Adane(f) ; U14 winners: 🇮🇳 P. Iniyan (m) / 🇮🇳 Meenal Gupta (f) ; U16 winners: Minul Sanjula Doluweera (m) / 🇮🇳 Hagawane Aakanksha ; U18 winners: 🇮🇳 Sarkar Rajdeep (m) / 🇮🇳 Mohanty Smaraki ; U20 winners: Roland Bezuidenhout (m) / 🇮🇳 P. V. Nandhidhaa ; Senior winner: 🇦🇺 Richard Voon ; August 7 – 21: World

This is a document about Joshna Chinappa
  In March, Joshna competed in the 2017 British Open Squash Championship. She lost in the second round match against Raneem El Welily. In April, she participated in the 2017 Asian Individual Squash Championships, which took place in Chennai. She reached the finals where she faced Palikkal. Joshna won the long match 13–15, 12–10, 11–13, 11–4, 11–4, becoming the first Asian Squash Champion from India. In an interview, she said that winning this title was her biggest achievement. In August, Joshna partnered with Dipika to play in the World Doubles Squash Championship. As the second-seeds, they cruised into the quarterfinals and beat Samantha Cornett and Nikole Todd 10–11, 11–6, 11–8 to enter the semifinals. They settled for a bronze medal after being defeated by Jenny Duncalf and Alison Waters. In September, Joshna won her 15th national championship title at the 74th National Squash Championships which took place in Greater Noida. This put her only one title short of the record for most number of national championship titles. Later that month, she played in the 2017 HKFC International as the third-seed. She advanced to the final, but lost to Nour El Tayebl.

This is a document about Usha (Telugu singer)
 Sa Re Ga Ma Pa - Little Champs (Zee Telugu) - 2007 ; Swaraneerajanam (Zee Telugu) - 2008 ; Sa Re Ga Ma Pa - Nuvva Nena (Zee Telugu) - 2010 ; Super Singer 7 (MAA TV ) - 2012 ; Super Singer 10 (MAA TV)- 2019 ; Super singer 2020 by vastavam

This is a document about Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Seniors
  Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Seniors (ச ரி க ம ப சீனியர்) is a 2017-2018 Tamil language musical reality TV game show, that aired on Zee Tamil HD from 15 October 2017 until 15 April 2018 on every Saturday and Sunday at 7:00PM (IST). It is a new season of the show Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Lil Champs. The judges are playback singer and music composer Vijay Prakash, popular playback singer Karthik and evergreen playback singer Srinivas, host by Anchor Archana The series is meant for seniors between the ages of 18–60 years. On 15 April 2018 during the live telecast of the Grand Finale of the show, Varsha emerged as the title winner of the inaugural edition of the Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Seniors and Rockstar Ramani Ammal claimed the first runners-up trophy. The second season of this show was aired on 18 May 2019.

This is a document about Jo Jeeta Wohi Super Star 2
  only artist from Asia collaborating with Fox. He is even the first south Indian who won Indian Idol and he is also the Runner Up of JJWS 2. Hemant Brijwasi Hemant is the youngest singer of the lot who began at the age of 9 and has won rave reviews ever since. This Mathura boy not only made it to the final 12 but went on to emerge as the winner of Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Lil Champs in 2009. Since then, there has been no looking back for the small wonder. An ace in Sufi and Classical singing, he

This is a document about Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Mega Challenge
  *Saturday Winner Assam pass to the Semifinal! *West Bengal   vs.           Punjab *Friday *West Bengal   vs.           Punjab *Saturday Winner West Bengal pass to the Semifinal! *1st Semifinal *Maharashtra      vs.       Gujarat *Friday *Maharashtra      vs.             Gujarat *Saturday Winner Maharashtra and is the Mega Finalist of Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Mega Challenge! 2nd Semifinal *West Bengal           vs.              Assam Friday *West Bengal            vs.              Assam Saturday THE FINALS The final was between West Bengal (Abhijit Ghoshal, Keka Ghoshal and Sanchita Bhattacharya) and Maharashtra (Vaishali Made, Kaushik Deshpande and Rohit Raut) where the latter team was declared as a winner. Sonu Nigam, Suresh Wadkar and Pyrelal were seen as the panel of judges for the grand night.

Shreyan Bhattacharya and Anjali Gaikwad won Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs 2017.


Question: who wrote the song bang bang you shot me down

Answer: Sonny Bono

This is a document about Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)
  "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)" is the second single by American singer-actress Cher from her second album, The Sonny Side of Chér. Written by her then-husband Sonny Bono and released in 1966, the song reached No. 3 in the UK Singles Chart and No. 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 for a single week (behind "(You're My) Soul and Inspiration" by The Righteous Brothers), eventually becoming one of Cher's biggest-selling singles of the 1960s.

This is a document about Shot Me Down
  "Shot Me Down" is a song by French house music producer and DJ David Guetta, featuring vocals from American singer Skylar Grey. The song was released on 3 February 2014 as a digital download. It was produced by David Guetta and Giorgio Tuinfort, with additional production from Ralph Wegner. The song has peaked at number six on the French Singles Chart, while also peaking within the top ten of the charts in Belgium, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Denmark, Hungary and Australia and the top twenty of the charts in Germany, Spain and Italy. The original version of the song, "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)", was released by Cher in 1966 and was famously covered by Nancy Sinatra in the same year.

This is a document about Shot You Down
  "Shot You Down" is a 2005 single released by Audio Bullys featuring vocal samples from singer Nancy Sinatra and Billy Strange on guitar, from Sinatra's 1960s cover of the song "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)". It became a No. 3 hit in the United Kingdom in mid-2005 and reached the top 20 in Australia and the Netherlands the same year. Sinatra is credited as being featured on the song (Audio Bullys feat. Nancy Sinatra) since her vocal samples are an integral part of the song. The song is featured on the album Generation, released on 31 October 2005.

This is a document about Bang Bang (will.i.am song)
  "Bang-Bang" is an up-tempo fusion of 1920s jazz instrumentals along with synth-pop elements. The track features partially Louis Armstrong-inspired lead vocals by will.i.am and additional sing-along by guest vocalist "Shelby Spalione". It incorporates elements of the 1923 Cecil Mack–James P. Johnson composition "Charleston". Lyrics include the line "My baby shot me down" from the 1966 song "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)" by American recording artist Cher, written by Sonny Bono.

This is a document about 1966 in music
  Shot Me Down)" – Cher ; "Batman Theme" – The Marketts ; "Beck's Bolero" – Jeff Beck, Jimmy Page, Keith Moon, Nicky Hopkins, John Paul Jones (Not all of these were necessarily released as singles.) • "Biff Bang Pow" – The Creation • "Blues from an Airplane" – Jefferson Airplane • "Blue Turns to Grey" – Cliff Richard and The Shadows • "Boa Constrictor" – Johnny Cash • "Boris the Spider" – The Who • "Born Free" – Matt Monro • "Born Free" – Roger Williams • "The Bubble Broke"- Lesley Gore • "Burned" – Buffalo Springfield • "But It's Alright" –

This is a document about The Sonny Side of Chér
  Two singles were released from this album; both were written by Bono. "Where Do You Go", the album's first single release, was a Dylan-mimic and reached number twenty five in the Billboard Hot 100 and number seventeen on the Canadian Single Charts. The second single released was Cher's most successful song of the sixties, "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)", which peaked in the US at #2 and which was also a hit in the UK Singles Chart at #3. The song was covered by Bono in the Sonny & Cher live album Live in Las Vegas Vol. 2, and was later re-recorded for the 1987 studio album Cher.

This is a document about Cello
   The cello is less common in popular music than in classical music. Several bands feature a cello in their standard line-up, including Hoppy Jones of the Ink Spots and Joe Kwon of the Avett Brothers. The more common use in pop and rock is to bring the instrument in for a particular song. In the 1960s, artists such as the Beatles and Cher used the cello in popular music, in songs such as The Beatles' "Yesterday", "Eleanor Rigby" and "Strawberry Fields Forever", and Cher's "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)". "Good Vibrations" by the Beach Boys includes the cello in

This is a document about David Guetta
  called The World Needs More. Guetta co-wrote and produced the song "Fashion!" on Lady Gaga's third studio album Artpop. He also had songwriting and production contributions to Britney Spears' eighth studio album Britney Jean, on multiple tracks and instrumentation imitations. On 20 January 2014, Guetta released "Shot Me Down" featuring American singer Skylar Grey. It is an adaption of the Cher song "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)". The song was co-produced by Giorgio Tuinfort. In February, Guetta released a remix of Avicii's track "Addicted to You" on Beatport. Later that month, record label Cherrytree hinted through a message on Twitter that English singer-songwriter Natalia

This is a document about Cher
  work with Sonny. The Sonny Side of Chér (1966) features "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)", which reached number two in the US and number three in the UK and became her first million-seller solo single. Chér, also released in 1966, contains the Burt Bacharach and Hal David composition "Alfie", which was added to the credits of the American version of the 1966 film of the same name and became the first stateside version of the popular song. With Love, Chér (1967) includes songs described by biographer Mark Bego as "little soap-opera stories set to rock music" such as the US top-ten single "You Better Sit Down Kids".

This is a document about Don't Go Breaking My Heart
  Down on Me" with George Michael credited as a duet. The B-side, "Snow Queen", was supposedly inspired by Cher, with John quoting past Sonny & Cher hits "I Got You Babe" and "The Beat Goes On", as well as the solo Cher song "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)" during the fadeout of the song. In 1977, John guest-starred on The Muppet Show and performed the track with Miss Piggy. In 1985, John and Dee performed the track to the crowd at Wembley Stadium during John's set at Live Aid (where Dee sang backup). In 1987, John appeared with Minnie Mouse on the NBC series Totally Minnie miming to the track. He performed the track with Alan Partridge

This is a document about Bang Bang (Iggy Pop song)
  "Bang Bang" is a song written by Iggy Pop and Ivan Kral in 1981 for Pop's Party album. It was released as a single, charting at #35 on the Billboard Club Play Singles chart. According to Pop's autobiography I Need More, he wrote "Bang Bang" as Arista Records wanted a single and he promised them a commercial album. He originally wanted Phil Spector or Mike Chapman to produce the song. Instead, songwriter Tommy Boyce was brought in. Pop claimed he got the idea for the song from reading The Right Stuff at a local bookstore.

This is a document about Shot Down in the Night
  Shot Down in the Night is a 1979 song written by Steve Swindells, who was at that time keyboardist with the UK rock group Hawkwind. Swindells and Hawkwind released different versions of the song as a single on 27 June 1980. Hawkwind's version reached #59 in the UK singles chart, being a slightly different version to the one on the album Live Seventy Nine. The song was written by Steve Swindells while rehearsing with Hawkwind (then working under the name "Hawklords") at Rockfield Studios in 1979. He presented it to the band, and they agreed on its potential as a future single. However, Swindells was

This is a document about James Bond music
 "Mr. Kiss Kiss Bang Bang" by Dionne Warwick and Shirley Bassey was written for Thunderball. Its title refers to a nickname given to Bond by an Italian journalist in 1962. Warwick and Bassey both recorded versions, but halfway through the scoring process, producer Albert Broccoli decided that the film's title must appear in the lyrics, so "Thunderball" was commissioned. The song's melody still plays a prominent role in the score and both singers' versions have appeared on compilations in the 1990s. ; "Thunderball" by Johnny Cash ; "Run James Run" by Brian Wilson, intended as a Bond theme, but ultimately released as

This is a document about Cheek to Cheek (album)
  to Gaga, "Lush Life" and "Sophisticated Lady" complemented each other; for Bennett, the complement came from the fact that Duke Ellington wrote "Sophisticated Lady" and later collaborated with Strayhorn for "Lush Life". Gaga sang "Lush Life" in her school choir, but it was only later she understood the lyrical interpretation of the track, about failure and heartache. While recording Cheek to Cheek she was emotionally upset about her professional and personal conflicts encountered during the Artpop era; Bennett had to support and guide her through the process. Newman recalled that "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)" was recorded during the taping of the duo's

This is a document about Rivers Rutherford
  ; Faith Hill – "When the Lights Go Down" ; JT Hodges – "Hunt You Down" ; Jamey Johnson – "Heartache" ; Toby Keith – "Bullets in the Gun" ; Tracy Lawrence – "It's All How You Look at It" ; Tim McGraw – "Real Good Man" ; Montgomery Gentry – "If You Ever Stop Loving Me", "She Don't Tell Me To" ; Brad Paisley (with Dolly Parton) – "When I Get Where I'm Going" ; Blake Shelton – "Heavy Liftin'" ; Clay Walker – "Jesus Was a Country Boy" ; Chuck Wicks – "Stealing Cinderella" ; Gretchen Wilson – "Homewrecker", "One of the Boys" ; Chely Wright – "Shut Up and Drive" Top 40 country singles co-written by Rivers Rutherford:

This is a document about Bang Bang You're Dead (song)
  "Bang Bang You're Dead" is a song by English band Dirty Pretty Things. It was released as the first single from the band's debut album, Waterloo to Anywhere (2006), on 24 April 2006. The song charted at number five on the UK Singles Chart and topped the NME chart in 2006. The same year, it was used as the theme tune to the BBC series Sorted. Early rumours about the song claimed it was about Pete Doherty, citing the lyrics; 'I gave you the midas touch, you turned round and scratched out my heart' as evidence. Carl Barât later denied this in NME magazine.

This is a document about Maxine Feibelman
  When Taupin's and Feibelman's marriage began to deteriorate prior to 1976, the breakdown of their relationship motivated the creation of the song "I Feel Like a Bullet (in the Gun of Robert Ford)," with music by Elton John and lyrics by Bernie Taupin, which was the fifth track on John's album Rock of the Westies. Taupin's lyrics for the song may be interpreted as an apologetic message from Taupin to Feibelman. In the song, Taupin takes much of the blame for the situation, comparing himself to the fatal bullet with which outlaw Jesse James was shot in the back, through lyrics such as, "I'm low as a paid assassin is / You know I'm cold as a hired sword / I'm so ashamed / Can't we patch it up?'

This is a document about Sheila (singer)
  the #1 position in France. In the movie, Eight Women, Ludivine Sagnier sang her 1963 hit "Papa t'es plus dans l'coup" ("Daddy, you are not in on it anymore"). Sheila's music also featured in the 1996 François Ozon film Une robe d'été (A Summer Dress). The character Sébastien is a fan of Sheila, and Sheila's version of Cher's "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)" was on the soundtrack. "Les rois mages" also featured in "Ma vie en rose", a 1997 gender-bender film, "Love me baby", in 1978, "Attention les enfants regardent", with Alain Delon, "Spacer" in "Podium" (2004). After more than a decade

This is a document about No Way Out (Puff Daddy album)
  performed by Wilder. It also samples "The Message" written and performed by Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five, and "Atomic Dog" written by George Clinton, Garry Shider, and David Spradley, and performed by Clinton. The song also contains reworked excerpts from "Big Beat" written performed by Billy Squier, and samples "Rock with You" written by Rod Temperton and performed by Michael Jackson. All tracks, with the exception of "Young G's", were produced by members of Bad Boy's in-house production team, The Hitmen. The tracklisting was slightly altered on the album's remastered edition, where it was shortened down to thirteen songs. Notes Sample credits

This is a document about Where Do You Go (Cher song)
  "Where Do You Go" is a song written by Sonny Bono. It was released as the first single by Cher in the later quarter of 1965 for her second album The Sonny Side of Cher. It fell short of the Billboard Hot 100's top 20, but still earned Cher a moderate success, by reaching the Top 40. It was followed by the U.S. #2 smash hit "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)" which saw a release early the following year. It was a bigger hit in Canada, where it reached #5 on the singles chart. Billboard said of the song that "rhythmic folk composition by Sonny can't miss being a smash for Cher" and praised the vocal performance and the "driving beat."

The song "Bang Bang (You Shot Me Down)" was written by Sonny Bono.


Question: who looks after the administration of the union territories

Answer: the Union Government

This is a document about Administrator of the government
  In the Union territories of India, which are ruled directly by the Union government, the President of India appoints an administrator. Administrators differ from the governors of the states of India in that they are an agent of the president and not a head of state. The president may also appoint the governor of a neighbouring state to be the administrator of a union territory. Since 1985 the Governor of Punjab has acted as the Administrator of Chandigarh. And Administrator of Lakshadweep also rules Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu. In five union territories: Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh and Puducherry; the administrator uses the title "lieutenant governor".

This is a document about Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
  Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu is administered as a union territory of India by virtue of Article 240 (2) of the Constitution of India. The President of India appoints an administrator to administer the territory on behalf of the central Government of India. The central government may appoint advisers to assist the administrator with his duties.

This is a document about Chief secretary (India)
  In the union territories, which are governed by Administrators, Chief Secretaries are absent. In these territories an Adviser to the Administrator is appointed by the Union Government. However, the union territories of Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir and Puducherry, which have been granted partial statehood, do have Chief Secretaries. In Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir and Puducherry, the Chief Minister chooses the Chief Secretary and is appointed by the Lieutenant Governor. Chief Secretaries and Advisers to the Administrators of Union territories, in general, are junior in rank compared to the Chief Secretaries of the States. The office bearers generally are of the rank Joint Secretary to Government of India and its equivalents. However, in Delhi and Chandigarh, the topmost civil servant is either of the ranks of Secretary to Government of India and its equivalents or Additional Secretary to Government of India and its equivalents.

This is a document about List of current Indian lieutenant governors and administrators
  head of government. The other three union territories—Chandigarh; Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu; and Lakshadweep—are governed by an administrator. Unlike the lieutenant governors of other territories, they are usually drawn from the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) or Indian Police Service (IPS). Since 1985 the Governor of Punjab has also been the ex-officio Administrator of Chandigarh. Praful Khoda Patel, till date, is the only administrator of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu who is not a civil servant (i.e. IAS or IPS), rather a politician. He was also given the additional charge of Lakshadweep after the death of Dineshwar Sharma.

This is a document about Administration of Ladakh
  Ladakh is administered as a union territory without a legislative assembly by virtue of Article 240 (2) of the Constitution of India and under the terms of the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019. Union territory of Ladakh will be administered by the President acting through a Lieutenant Governor to be appointed by him under Article 239. The President may make regulations for the peace, progress and good government of the Union territory of Ladakh under article 240. The Lieutenant Governor shall be assisted by advisor(s) to be appointed by the Central Government.

This is a document about Lakshadweep
  Lakshadweep is one of India's eight union territories. The islands constitute a single Indian district, and are governed by an administrator appointed by the President of India under article 239 of the constitution. The current administrator is Praful Khoda Patel. There are ten sub-divisions of the territory. In Minicoy and Agatti the Sub Division is under a Deputy Collector while in the remaining eight islands developmental activities are coordinated by Sub Divisional Officers. The Collector cum Development Commissioner who is also the District Magistrate oversees matters coming under district administration, such as revenue, land settlement, law and order. The District Magistrate is assisted by one Additional District Magistrate and Ten Executive Magistrates with respect to enforcement of law and order. Administrator in his capacity as Inspector General of Lakshadweep Police has command and control of the Lakshadweep Police. Administration Secretariat is in Kavaratti. For judiciary, the union territory corresponds to the Kerala High Court at Kochi along with a system of lower courts. The territory elects one member to the lower house of the Indian parliament, the Lok Sabha.

This is a document about Elections in India
  State Assembly Elections that exercises executive powers in that State. The respective State's Chief Minister has executive powers within the State and works jointly with the Prime Minister of India or their ministers on matters that require both State and Central attention. Some Union Territories also elect an Assembly and have a territorial government and other (mainly smaller) Union Territories are governed by a person appointed by the President of India. The President of India monitors the rule of law through their appointed governors in each State and on their recommendation can take over the executive powers from the Chief Minister of the State, temporarily when the elected representatives of the State government has failed to create a peaceful environment and has deteriorated into chaos. The President of India dissolves the existing State government if necessary, and a new election is conducted.

This is a document about Police forces of the states and union territories of India
  Authority over a Union Territory Police Force is held by the Ministry of Home Affairs (India), led by the Home Minister (India) and secondarily by the Administrator/Lieutenant Governor (generally an Indian Administrative Service/Indian Police Service officer) of their respective Union Territory. Each UT has a UT Police Force (headed by a Director General of Police/Inspector General of Police, an Indian Police Service officer), which is responsible for maintaining law and order in the state's townships and rural areas. Big UTs are divided into Zones, each zone is headed by IGP and whole UT is headed by DGP, but Small UTs are only divided into districts, each district is headed by SP and whole UT is headed by IGP. But the Case is different in the Commissionerate System.

This is a document about Union territory
  Thus, citizenship (part II), fundamental rights (part III), Directive Principles of State Policy (part IV), Judiciary role, the Union Territories (part VIII), Article 245, etc. are applicable to union territories as it refers specifically to Territories of India. The executive power of Union (i.e. union of states only) rests with President of India. President of India is also chief administrator of union territories per Article 239. Union public service commission role is not applicable to all territories of India as it refers to India only in Part XIV. The constitutional status of a union territory is similar to a state under the perennial president's rule per Article 356 subject to specific exemptions to few union

This is a document about List of current Indian lieutenant governors and administrators
  In the Republic of India, a lieutenant governor is the constitutional head of five of the eight union territories. The lieutenant governor is appointed by the President of India for a term of five years, and holds office at the President's pleasure. Since the union territories of Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir and Puducherry have a measure of self-government with an elected legislature and council of ministers, the role of the lieutenant governor there is mostly a ceremonial one, akin to that of a state's governor. In Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Ladakh however, the lieutenant governor holds more power, being both the head of state

This is a document about Administrative divisions of India
  India is composed of 28 states and eight union territories (including a national capital territory). The union territories are governed by administrators, appointed by the President of India. Three of these territories (Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir, Puducherry) have been given partial statehood, with elected legislatures and executive councils of ministers, with reduced powers.

This is a document about Politics of Chandigarh
  Up to 31 May 1984, the Administrator of the UT was designated as "Chief Commissioner". On 1 June 1984, the Governor of Punjab has been functioning as the Administrator of Union Territory of Chandigarh and Chief Commissioner was redesignated as "Adviser to the Administrator". List of Administrators of Chandigarh is as follows:

This is a document about List of Indian state legislative assembly elections
 Union territory

This is a document about Daman and Diu
  According to the Constitution of India, the administration of Daman and Diu was carried out by an Administrator, appointed by the President of India as an agent of the President, not a head of state/government or a governor. He was assisted by several other officers in carrying out his duty.

This is a document about Union territory
  A union territory (केन्द्र-शासित प्रदेश) is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike the states of India, which have their own governments, union territories are federal territories governed, in part or in whole, by the Union Government of India. There are currently eight union territories of India.

This is a document about Governor (India)
  the state that they are appointed to govern. In India, a lieutenant governor is in charge of a union territory. However, the rank is present only in the union territories of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir, Delhi and Puducherry (the other territories have an administrator appointed, who is usually an IAS officer or IPS officer or a retired judge of a court ). However, the governor of Punjab acts as the administrator of Chandigarh. Lieutenant governors do not hold the same rank as a governor of a state in the list of precedence. The governors and lieutenant governors are appointed by the president for a term of five years.

This is a document about Puducherry Legislative Assembly
  The French government transferred the four enclaves to the Indian Union under a de facto treaty on 1 November 1954. Later the territory was merged with India on 16 August 1962. On 10 May 1963, the Indian Parliament enacted the Government of Union Territories Act, 1963 that came into force on 1 July 1963. This introduced the same pattern of government that prevailed in the rest of the country, but subject to certain limitations. Under Article 239 of the Indian Constitution, the President of India appoints an Administrator LG with such designation as he may specify to head the administration of the territory. The President also appoints the Chief Minister. The

This is a document about Administration of Ladakh
  The Administration of Union Territory of Ladakh (sic) is the governing authority of the Indian union territory of Ladakh and its two districts. The Administration is led by a Lieutenant Governor appointed by the President of India who acts on behalf of the central Government of India. Ladakh does not have an elected legislative assembly. The two districts of Ladakh both elect their own autonomous district council-the Leh Autonomous Hill development council and the Kargil Autonomous Hill development Council, which have competence over a range of domestic affairs.

This is a document about Ministry of Home Affairs (India)
  The division deals with all legislative and constitutional matters relating to Union territories, including National Capital Territory of Delhi. It also functions as the cadre controlling authority of the Arunachal Pradesh-Goa-Mizoram-Union Territories (AGMUT) cadre of the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), the Indian Forest Service (IFS/IFoS), and the Indian Police Service (IPS) as also Delhi, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Civil Service (DANICS)/Delhi, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Police Service (DANIPS). Besides, it is responsible for overseeing the crime and law and order situation in UTs.

This is a document about Ministry Of Federal Territories (Malaysia)
  The Ministry of Federal Territories is responsible for administration of several key Acts:

The administration of union territories in India is looked after by the Administrator appointed by the President of India. In some cases, the Chief Minister of the state is also the Administrator. The Administrator is assisted by advisers appointed by the central government. In the case of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, the Administrator is the administrator of the union territory. In the case of Ladakh, the Union Territory is administered by a Lieutenant Governor appointed by the President of India.