Question: when was the first piece of plastic made

Answer: 1856

This is a document about Plastic
  chemistry developed during the Industrial Revolution, many materials were reported. The development of plastics accelerated with Charles Goodyear's 1839 discovery of vulcanization to harden natural rubber. Parkesine, invented by Alexander Parkes in 1855 and patented the following year, is considered the first man-made plastic. It was manufactured from cellulose (the major component of plant cell walls) treated with nitric acid as a solvent. The output of the process (commonly known as cellulose nitrate or pyroxilin) could be dissolved in alcohol and hardened into a transparent and elastic material that could be molded when heated. By incorporating pigments into the product, it could be made to

This is a document about Plastic
  The development of plastics has evolved from the use of naturally plastic materials (e.g., gums and shellac) to the use of the chemical modification of those materials (e.g., natural rubber, cellulose, collagen, and milk proteins), and finally to completely synthetic plastics (e.g., bakelite, epoxy, and PVC). Early plastics were bio-derived materials such as egg and blood proteins, which are organic polymers. In around 1600 BC, Mesoamericans used natural rubber for balls, bands, and figurines. Treated cattle horns were used as windows for lanterns in the Middle Ages. Materials that mimicked the properties of horns were developed by treating milk proteins with lye. In the nineteenth century,

This is a document about Plastic
  who coined the term plastics. Many chemists have contributed to the materials science of plastics, including Nobel laureate Hermann Staudinger, who has been called "the father of polymer chemistry," and Herman Mark, known as "the father of polymer physics." After World War I, improvements in chemistry led to an explosion of new forms of plastics, with mass production beginning in the 1940s and 1950s. Among the earliest examples in the wave of new polymers were polystyrene (first produced by BASF in the 1930s) and polyvinyl chloride (first created in 1872 but commercially produced in the late 1920s). In 1923, Durite Plastics, Inc., was the first

This is a document about Fibre-reinforced plastic
  and wings of an aircraft. The first car to have a fibre-glass body was the 1946 Stout Scarab. Only one of this model was built. The Ford prototype of 1941 could have been the first plastic car, but there is some uncertainty around the materials used as it was destroyed shortly afterwards. The first fibre-reinforced plastic plane was either the Fairchild F-46, first flown on 12 May 1937, or the Californian built Bennett Plastic Plane. A fibreglass fuselage was used on a modified Vultee BT-13A designated the XBT-16 based at Wright Field in late 1942. In 1943, further experiments were undertaken building structural aircraft parts from

This is a document about Pewter
  Pewter was first used around the beginning of the Bronze Age in the Near East. The earliest known piece of pewter was found in an Egyptian tomb, c. 1450 BC, but it is unlikely that this was the first use of the material. Pewter was used for decorative metal items and tableware in ancient times by the Egyptians and later the Romans, and came into extensive use in Europe from the Middle Ages until the various developments in pottery and glass-making during the 18th and 19th centuries. Pewter was the chief material for producing plates, cups, and bowls until the making of porcelain. Mass production of pottery, porcelain

This is a document about Plastic
  plastic is used in packaging and roughly the same in buildings in applications such as piping, plumbing or vinyl siding. Other uses include automobiles (up to 20% plastic ), furniture, and toys. In the developing world, the applications of plastic may differ; 42% of India's consumption is used in packaging. In the medical field, polymer implants and other medical devices are derived at least partially from plastic. Worldwide, about 50 kg of plastic is produced annually per person, with production doubling every ten years. The world's first fully synthetic plastic was Bakelite, invented in New York in 1907, by Leo Baekeland, who coined the term

This is a document about Weaponry in Anglo-Saxon England
  helmets have been discovered, although archaeologists have unearthed additional fragments of what might have been helmets. All the helmets which have been found are substantially different from the others in their construction and ornamentation. It is possible that most helmets were made of boiled leather and therefore did not physically survive.  The earliest known example was found at Sutton Hoo, an elite burial from the seventh century. However, the helmet itself could date as early as the first quarter of the sixth century. The helmet's bowl comprises one piece of metal, and attached to it are cheek pieces, a metal neck guard, and a face mask. The helmet

This is a document about Nitrocellulose
  Cellulose treated with sulfuric acid and potassium nitrate produces cellulose mononitrate. In 1855, the first man-made plastic, nitrocellulose (branded Parkesine, patented in 1862), was created by Alexander Parkes from cellulose treated with nitric acid and a solvent. In 1868, American inventor John Wesley Hyatt developed a plastic material he named Celluloid, improving on Parkes' invention by plasticizing the nitrocellulose with camphor so it could be processed into finished form and used as a photographic film. This was used commercially as "celluloid", a highly flammable plastic that until the mid-20th century formed the basis for lacquers and photographic film. On May 2,

This is a document about Lunchbox
  and a number of other producers through the 1980s. The first use of plastics was the lunch box handle, but later spread to the entire box, with the first molded plastic boxes produced during the 1960s. Vinyl lunch boxes debuted in 1959. During the 1960s, the lunch box had few changes. The vacuum bottle included in them, however, steadily evolved during the course of the decade and into the 1970s. What was originally a steel vacuum bottle with glass liner, cork or rubber stopper, and bakelite cup became an all-plastic bottle, with insulated foam rather than vacuum. Aladdin produced glass liners into the 1970s, but they were soon replaced with plastic.

This is a document about Bakelite
  Polyoxybenzylmethylenglycolanhydride, better known as Bakelite (sometimes spelled Baekelite), was the first plastic made from synthetic components. It is a thermosetting phenol formaldehyde resin, formed from a condensation reaction of phenol with formaldehyde. It was developed by the Belgian-American chemist Leo Baekeland in Yonkers, New York, in 1907. Bakelite was patented on December 7, 1909. The creation of a synthetic plastic was revolutionary for its electrical nonconductivity and heat-resistant properties in electrical insulators, radio and telephone casings and such diverse products as kitchenware, jewelry, pipe stems, children's toys, and firearms. The "retro" appeal of old Bakelite products has made them collectible. Bakelite was designated a National Historic Chemical Landmark on November 9, 1993, by the American Chemical Society in recognition of its significance as the world's first synthetic plastic.

This is a document about Canteen (bottle)
  screw cap, the cap frequently being secured to the bottle neck with a short chain or strap to prevent loosening. These were an improvement over glass bottles, but were subject to developing pinhole leaks if dented, dropped or bumped against jagged rocks. Contemporary designs are almost exclusively made of one of several types of plastics, especially polyethylene or polycarbonate. They are typically as light as, or lighter than, their metal equivalents and are quite resistant to developing leaks, even when dropped or severely bumped. Hunter-gatherers in the Kalahari used ostrich eggshells as water containers, puncturing a hole in them to enable them to be used as canteens. The presence of such eggshells dating from the Howiesons Poort period of the Middle Stone Age at Diepkloof Rock Shelter in South Africa suggests canteens were used by humans as early as 60,000 years ago.

This is a document about Plastic
  ivory. Parkesine was unveiled at the 1862 International Exhibition in London and garnered for Parkes the bronze medal. In 1893, French chemist Auguste Trillat discovered the means to insolubilize casein (milk proteins) by immersion in formaldehyde, producing material marketed as galalith. In 1897, mass-printing press owner Wilhelm Krische of Hanover, Germany, was commissioned to develop an alternative to blackboards. The resultant horn-like plastic made from casein was developed in cooperation with the Austrian chemist (Friedrich) Adolph Spitteler (1846–1940). Although unsuitable for the intended purpose, other uses would be discovered. The world's first fully synthetic plastic was Bakelite, invented in New York in 1907 by Leo

This is a document about History of Lego
  plastics became available in Denmark, and Lego purchased a plastic injection molding machine in 1947. One of the first modular toys to be produced was a truck that could be taken apart and re-assembled. In 1947, Ole Kirk and Godtfred obtained samples of interlocking plastic bricks produced by the company Kiddicraft. Hilary Fisher Page designed these "Kiddicraft Self-Locking Building Bricks." In 1939, Page had applied for a patent on hollow plastic cubes with four studs on top (British Patent Nº.529,580) that allowed their positioning atop one another without lateral movement. In 1944, Page applied an "Improvement to Toy Building Blocks" as

This is a document about Toy balloon
  Early balloons were made from pig bladders and animal intestines. The Aztecs created the first balloon sculptures using cat intestines, which were then presented to the gods as a sacrifice. There are references to balloons made of whale intestine in Swiss Family Robinson (1813) and in Moby Dick (1851). The first rubber balloons were made by Professor Michael Faraday in 1824 for use in his experiments with hydrogen at the Royal Institution in London. "The caoutchouc is exceedingly elastic," he wrote in the Quarterly Journal of Science the same year. "Bags made of it...have been expanded by having air forced into them, until the caoutchouc was

This is a document about History of Birmingham
  Birmingham toy-makers their buttons, buckles, patchboxes, snuff boxes, chatelaines, watches, watch seals ... and other jewellery." Competitive pressure drove Birmingham manufacturers to adopt new products and materials: the town's first glasshouse opened in 1762, manufacture in papier-mâché developed from the award of a patent to Henry Clay in 1772, foreshadowing the Birmingham invention of plastics the following century, the minting of coins grew from 1786. In addition to its own specialist manufacturing role, Birmingham retained its position as the commercial and mercantile centre for an integrated regional economy that included the more basic manufacturing and raw material production areas of Staffordshire

This is a document about History of the football helmet
  The first plastic football helmet came in 1940. It was invented and patented by John T. Riddell and his son John T. Riddell Jr., of the John T. Riddell Company in Chicago, a sporting goods provider. The single molded shell was stronger, lighter, longer-lasting, and did not rot the way leather does when damp. Colors could also be baked into the plastic so the paint jobs would be longer-lasting. In 1940 Riddell also developed the first chin strap to rest on the chin instead of the neck and the first plastic face mask. There were problems however. The plastic helmets were brittle when hit head on, and the bar hole

This is a document about Film capacitor
  Before the introduction of plastic films, capacitors made by sandwiching a strip of impregnated paper between strips of metal, and rolling the result into a cylinder–paper capacitors–were commonly used; their manufacture started in 1876, and they were used from the early 20th century as decoupling capacitors in telecommunications (telephony). With the development of plastic materials by organic chemists during the Second World War, the capacitor industry began to replace paper with thinner polymer films. One very early development in film capacitors was described in British Patent 587,953 in 1944. The introduction of plastics in plastic film capacitors was approximately in

This is a document about Plastic model
  The first plastic models were manufactured at the end of 1936 by Frog in the UK, with a range of 1/72nd scale model kits called 'Penguin'. In the late 1940s several American companies such as Hawk, Varney, Empire, Renwal and Lindberg began to produce plastic models. Many manufacturers began production in the 1950s and gained ascendancy in the 1960s such as Aurora, Revell, AMT, and Monogram in America, Airfix in UK and Heller SA in France. Other manufacturers included; Matchbox (UK), Italeri, ESCI, (both Italian) Novo {ex-Frog moulds} (former Soviet Union), and Fujimi, Nichimo and Bandai (Japan). American model companies who had been producing assembled promotional scale models of new automobiles each year for automobile

This is a document about Yonkers, New York
   Bakelite, the first completely synthetic plastic, was invented circa 1906 in Yonkers by Leo Baekeland, and manufactured there until the late 1920s. Today, two of the former Alexander Smith and Sons Carpet Company loft buildings located at 540 and 578 Nepperhan Avenue have been repurposed to house the YoHo Artist Community. This collective group of artists works out of private studios there. During World War I, a total of 6,909 Yonkers residents entered military service. This was approximately seven percent of the population. Most Yonkers men joined either the 27th Division or the 77th Division. In total, 137 Yonkers residents were

This is a document about Bioplastic
  Mathew 2014) ; 1912: Brandenberger invents Cellophane out of wood, cotton, or hemp cellulose. (Thielen 2014) ; 1920s: Wallace Carothers finds Polylactic Acid (PLA) plastic. PLA is incredibly expensive to produce and is not mass-produced until 1989. (Whiteclouds 2018) ; 1926: Maurice Lemoigne invents polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) which is the first bioplastic made from bacteria. (Thielen 2014) ; 1930s: The first bioplastic car was made from soy beans by Henry Ford. (Thielen 2014) ; 1940-1945: During World War II, an increase in plastic production is seen as it is used in many wartime materials. Due to government funding and oversight the United States production of plastics (in general, not just

The first piece of plastic was made in 1855 by Alexander Parkes with cellulose nitrate, which he called Parkesine.


Question: when did jaime lannister kill the mad king

Answer: A Game of Thrones

This is a document about Jaime Lannister
  In A Game of Thrones (1996), Jaime is introduced as one of the Kingsguard, the royal security detail, and the son of the wealthy and powerful Tywin Lannister, the former Hand of the King. Jaime's twin is Cersei, the Queen of Westeros by virtue of her marriage to King Robert Baratheon. Perhaps the greatest swordsman in the kingdom, Jaime is derisively referred to as "the Kingslayer" because he killed the "Mad King" Aerys Targaryen in the coup that put Robert on the Iron Throne. Eric Dodds of TIME described Jaime as "handsome, an incomparably skilled fighter and disarmingly witty". The New Yorker called the Lannisters "a crowd of high-cheekboned beauties ... who form a family

This is a document about Jaime Lannister
  Jaime Lannister accompanies the royal family to Winterfell, where King Robert Baratheon hopes to persuade his old friend Ned Stark to serve as Hand of the King. During the visit, Ned's young son Bran inadvertently spies Jaime and Cersei having sex in a remote tower, at which point Jaime pushes the boy out a window, intending to kill Bran to keep their relationship secret. Bran survives, though crippled and with no recollection of the incident. When an assassin later tries to kill Bran, his mother Catelyn Stark accuses and arrests Tyrion. In revenge, Jaime instigates a brawl with Ned and his men in the streets of King's Landing, killing many on

This is a document about List of Game of Thrones characters
  to King's Landing, he retakes his place in the Kingsguard and restarts his affair with Cersei. He travels to Dorne to rescue their daughter Myrcella, but cannot prevent her from being poisoned. After the Faith Militant gain control of the capital, Jaime is relieved of his Kingsguard duties and told to reclaim Riverrun with the Lannister army. Jaime is present at Cersei's crowning following their last child Tommen's suicide, but is later ambushed by Daenerys Targaryen, who has come to Westeros to stake a claim to the Iron Throne. After reuniting with Brienne and joining the effort to defeat the White Walkers, he returns to King's Landing to rescue Cersei from Daenerys' forces. The Lannister siblings die together when Daenerys' dragon, Drogon, destroys the Red Keep.

This is a document about List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters
  Aerys Targaryen the Second, also called The Mad King, is the last Targaryen king to rule the Seven Kingdoms. While his rule started out well, he slowly descended into madness. His sister-wife Rhaella bore him eight children, but only three survived into adulthood: sons Rhaegar and Viserys, and daughter Daenerys, who was not yet born when the Targaryen dynasty fell. After Rhaegar absconded with Lyanna Stark, Aerys had Ned Stark's father and brother executed, beginning Robert's Rebellion. When Aerys planned to burn King's Landing rather than let Robert rule, he was assassinated by a member of his own Kingsguard, Jaime Lannister. In the HBO television adaptation, he is portrayed by David Rintoul.

This is a document about Jaime Lannister
  Jaime's storyline in the first season remains, for the most part, identical to his book storyline, with only minor details altered. Introduced in the pilot, "Winter is Coming", Jaime is established as queen Cersei Lannister's brother and a knight of King Robert Baratheon's Kingsguard. After being discovered by Brandon Stark to be having an affair with Cersei, Jaime pushes the boy to his presumed death, only for Bran to survive the fall, admittedly with life-changing injuries and little recollection of the event. As the season continues, Cersei expresses her concern to Jaime that Bran will one day remember being pushed and expose their incestuous affair, which has spawned all three of Cersei's children. Jaime soon joins his father Tywin Lannister in the field as they face off against Robb Stark's army following the imprisonment of Ned Stark in King's Landing. At the Battle of Whispering Wood, Robb captures Jaime from the Lannister forces and uses him as a hostage. In the aftermath of Jaime's capture, he confesses to Catelyn that he tried to kill Bran, but refuses to reveal why.

This is a document about Tywin Lannister
  position regarded as deputy and second-in-command to the King, making Tywin the second-most powerful man in the realm. Over the years, as Aerys became increasingly paranoid, he stopped trusting in Tywin, believing him to have become too powerful and appointed Tywin's eldest son Jaime to the kingsguard, robbing Tywin of his preferred heir. Thereafter, Tywin resigned as Hand of the King and returned to Casterly Rock. During Robert Baratheon's rebellion, Tywin remained neutral until Robert had all but won the war. He then captured King's Landing through treachery and ordered the murder of the royal family before Ned Stark could capture the city. Fearing Tywin's wrath, The Mad King

This is a document about Lord Snow
  Ned Stark and his daughters arrive at King's Landing. On his way to a meeting of the king's Small Council, Ned encounters Jaime Lannister. It is revealed that Jaime killed the Mad King Aerys Targaryen, father of Daenerys and Viserys. Ned remains dissatisfied that Jaime broke his oath as knight of the Kingsguard. Ned joins the Small Council, consisting of Robert's brother Lord Renly, Lord Varys, Grand Maester Pycelle, and Lord Petyr "Littlefinger" Baelish. Renly announces Robert's plans for a great tourney in honor of Ned's appointment as the Hand of the King. Ned learns that the crown is heavily indebted. Upon arriving in King's Landing, Catelyn is

This is a document about Jaime Lannister
  Landing during the battle between Daenerys' and Cersei's forces. As the city falls, Euron attacks and grievously wounds Jaime, but Jaime manages to kill him. Jaime reunites with Cersei in the Red Keep - the pair are killed when the dungeon vaults of the castle collapse over them during the sacking of the city. In the series finale, titled "The Iron Throne", Tyrion discovers Jaime and Cersei's bodies buried under the rubble in the crypt under the Red Keep and, in his grief, renounces his loyalty to Daenerys and persuades Jon Snow to kill her. Later on, Brienne records Jaime's accomplishments and writes that he "died protecting his queen."

This is a document about List of Game of Thrones characters
 Podrick Payne (seasons 2–8) portrayed by Daniel Portman, Daniel Portman GCCDORTMUND 2016.JPG is a young squire assigned to Tyrion Lannister. In Season 2, he fights alongside Tyrion at the Battle of the Blackwater and saves him from an assassination by Ser Mandon Moore. In Season 4, Podrick is anonymously offered a knighthood in exchange for testifying against Tyrion at his trial for the murder of King Joffrey, but he does not accept or reject the offer – Tyrion orders Podrick to leave King's Landing before he is killed. Tyrion makes his brother, Jaime, assure Podrick's safety, who assigns him to serve

This is a document about Cersei Lannister
  Cersei marry his son, humiliating Tywin. Tywin took Cersei to King's Landing and, in the following years, refused every offer of marriage for her. In 281 AC, when Cersei and Jaime were 15, Jaime, newly knighted on the battlefield and on his way to Casterly Rock, came to King's Landing to visit his sister, from whom he had been separated for four years. She informed Jaime that their father planned to marry him to Lysa Tully and persuaded him to join the Kingsguard in order to be near her, after the twins had slept together for the first time. Thus started an affair that continued throughout Cersei's marriage to Robert

This is a document about Jaime Lannister
  the Lannisters, and Jaime manages to resolve the siege without loss of life. Jaime sees Brienne and Podrick fleeing by boat from the castle walls, but only waves a discreet farewell and does not alert his men. After traveling to House Frey's fortress The Twins for a feast to celebrate their victory at Riverrun, Jaime returns to King's Landing. Upon arrival, he is horrified to discover that the Great Sept of Baelor has been destroyed in a wildfire explosion, with the majority of House Tyrell and the entire Faith Militant killed in the attack. He returns to the Red Keep in time to witness Cersei being crowned as Queen of the Seven Kingdoms, immediately realizing that Cersei wiped out every high-ranking rival in the explosion in order to acquire her new power.

This is a document about Renly Baratheon
  Renly is later avenged in the Season 5 finale when Brienne of Tarth executes his brother Stannis after the battle outside Winterfell against the Boltons, spitefully telling Stannis that Renly was the rightful King.

This is a document about List of Game of Thrones characters
   Jaime Lannister is portrayed by Nikolaj Coster-Waldau. Ser Jaime of House Lannister is a member of the Kingsguard and an exceptionally skilled swordsman. He is Cersei Lannister's twin brother and has carried on an incestuous love affair with her all his life, fathering all three of her living children. He is nicknamed "Kingslayer" for killing the previous King, Aerys II, whom he was sworn to protect. Jaime is captured by Robb Stark's army and held prisoner until he is released by Catelyn Stark and escorted back to King's Landing by Brienne of Tarth. On the road, his sword hand is severed and he reveals that he killed Aerys II to save the population of King's Landing, whom Aerys II was attempting to massacre with wildfire. Upon his

This is a document about Kissed by Fire
  Locke delivers Jaime and Brienne to Lord Roose Bolton, who frees Brienne and sends Jaime to Qyburn, a former maester who treats Jaime's amputation. At the baths, Jaime tells Brienne of Robert's Rebellion, and the "Mad King" Aerys Targaryen's plot to burn King's Landing with caches of wildfire. Jaime reveals that he killed the Mad King and broke his oath to save the city, its people, and his own father after the King ordered him to bring him his head. Brienne asks why he didn’t tell Eddard Stark the truth but Jaime believes he didn’t have to explain himself.

This is a document about Jaime Lannister
  Franich of Entertainment Weekly noted that in the novels, "[Jaime is] a vaguely villainous minor character in Game of Thrones, then is basically absent from Clash of Kings, and suddenly he becomes a tragic hero in Storm of Swords." In A Game of Thrones, Jaime is not only carrying on an incestuous affair with his twin sister, but he pushes a young Bran Stark out a high window to his likely death after the boy witnesses them in the act. Jaime admits these crimes to Catelyn Stark in A Clash of Kings (1998), and tells her a horrific story of Aerys Targaryen's cruelty. In A Storm of Swords (2000), Jaime initially loathes the female warrior

This is a document about List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters
  Jaime Lannister is the twin brother of Cersei and the first son of Tywin Lannister. He serves as the third-person narrator of seventeen chapters throughout A Storm of Swords, A Feast for Crows, and A Dance with Dragons. He was widely considered one of the best swordsmen in all the Seven Kingdoms before having his right hand chopped off by Vargo Hoat. In the HBO television adaptation, he is portrayed by Nikolaj Coster-Waldau.

This is a document about Childe Morgan
  reveal himself to Kenneth, and the two successfully disrupt the plot before Brion can be harmed. During a battle in the cathedral itself, Kenneth is saved from Zachris' magic by the timely intervention of Sir Sé Trelawney, a mysterious childhood friend of Alyce's who kills the rogue Deryni with a single arrow. Afterwards, Kenneth tells nobody of Jamyl's Deryni heritage or Sé's presence in Valoret. Upon returning to Rhemuth, the final preparations for the coronation are made, and King Brion Haldane is crowned on March 24, 1096. Sé briefly appears to pledge his service to Brion, and Kenneth once again dedicates himself and his son to the protection of the Haldane line.

This is a document about Jaime Lannister
  Ser Jaime Lannister is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin and its television adaptation Game of Thrones, where he is portrayed by Danish actor Nikolaj Coster-Waldau. Jaime becomes a prominent point of view character in the novels beginning with A Storm of Swords (2000). Introduced in A Game of Thrones (1996), Jaime is a knight of the Kingsguard and the best swordsmen in the seven kingdoms. He is a member of House Lannister, the wealthiest and one of the most powerful families in the kingdom of Westeros. He is the elder son of Tywin Lannister, twin brother of Cersei, with whom he has a longstanding incestuous relationship, and brother of Tyrion.

This is a document about Brienne of Tarth
  the battle against the dead with Jaime and Podrick by her side, and survives the battle. After the battle, Jaime and Brienne become lovers. However, after learning of Cersei's forces' attack on Daenerys' fleet, Jaime leaves Winterfell for King's Landing which devastates Brienne. Jaime is ultimately killed during Daenerys' destruction of the Red Keep. When Jon kills Daenerys, Brienne travels to King's Landing with the Starks to determine the future of the Seven Kingdoms. Bran Stark is chosen as king, and Brienne is named commander of his Kingsguard, with Podrick also serving after being knighted. Brienne completes Jaime's entry in the White Book, commemorating the Kingsguard.

This is a document about Tywin Lannister
  Jaime to kill his father. Instead, Jaime murdered Aerys, thereby betraying his vow to protect the king. Following the war, Tywin agreed to a marriage between his daughter Cersei and the new King Robert Baratheon, who pardoned Jaime and allowed him to continue his service as a member of the Kingsguard. Tywin returned to Casterly Rock to rule the Westerlands. At the beginning of the series, Tywin is described as a broad-shouldered man in his fifties with thin but muscled arms. After he had started going bald, he began shaving his head but grew out bushy golden side-whiskers. He is said to have pale-green eyes flecked with gold.

Jaime Lannister killed the Mad King Aerys Targaryen during the coup that put Robert Baratheon on the Iron Throne. The exact date is not mentioned in the provided text.


Question: what is i wo n 't give up song about

Answer: loving oneself ,

This is a document about I Won't Give Up
  "track-by-track" commentary for Billboard: "'I Won't Give Up' was written selfishly. As many of my songs are, I write for the purpose of understanding what the hell's going on in my life, my position in the world, processing that lesson and that miracle that I'm learning. Seeing it on the page, proving to myself that I understand the lesson, that I'm applying it to my life, and that I can move on. Ultimately it was about, you know, regardless of what happens in this relationship, I don't have to give up on loving this person, or loving myself, or give up on

This is a document about Don't Give Up (Sanctus Real song)
  "Don't Give Up" is a rock-based song which encourages the longevity of marriage relationships. Lead singer Matt Hammit said: "The song was inspired by close friends of ours that made difficult decisions to end their marriages. I'm not here to judge those decisions, but as a band we want to be a voice for lasting love and commitment in a world where breaking vows is as common as taking them." The song has been compared to U2's "Beautiful Day" and Coldplay's "Speed of Sound", having similarities in style to the band's previous album, Fight the Tide.

This is a document about Don't Give It Up (Lemar song)
  "Don't Give It Up" concerns the preservation of virginity and how young people should not give in to peer pressure regarding sexuality. The song was inspired by a woman Lemar met outside a school near Tottenham, his father's home. She had been skipping school to see her older boyfriend. Lemar and the woman spoke about their relationship and the situation regarding sexuality. He explained to her that if he truly loved and cared for her, he would wait and be patient and she should not feel the need to rush into anything that she did not want to get herself into.

This is a document about Don't Give Up on Me (Andy Grammer song)
  "Don't Give Up on Me" is the theme song of 2019 romantic drama film Five Feet Apart. It explains a young man and woman living in the entanglement of illness, death and love. The lyrics speaks to the heroine's mission and echo the sentiment of her. Grammer said in an interview: "Don't give up on me' … a very simple idea but a very powerful one. I have had many moments in my life where I wouldn't give up on someone else, where I believed in them when they didn't believe in themselves. Hell I've had super intense moments where I wouldn't give up on myself. But the most powerful memories from my personal vantage point are when someone wouldn't give up on me. It is my sincere wish that for anyone who hears this song and is on the verge of giving up it will be another subtle nudge to keep going."

This is a document about I Won't Give Up
  "I Won't Give Up" was written by Jason Mraz and Michael Natter, while production was handled by Joe Chiccarelli. The acoustic folk blues and folk-pop ballad features a slower tempo and a sparse arrangement written in the key of E major. Lyrically, it is a poignant ode to a long-lasting relationship, which Mraz says he won't give up on her whatever happens. "Well, I won't give up on us/Even if the skies get rough/I'm giving you all my love/I'm still looking up," he sings. It is guitar led with some additional vocal landscapes towards the end of the song. Mraz told Billboard magazine: "That, to me, has always been my favorite part of making music; the singing and what voices can do and the voices singing in harmony." It is likely that the song was inspired by Mraz's relationship with singer-songwriter Tristan Prettyman. Mraz showcases his light and versatile range singing from B2 to G#4.

This is a document about I Won't Give Up
  "I Won't Give Up" is a song by American singer-songwriter Jason Mraz. It was released as the first official single from his fourth studio album, Love Is a Four Letter Word, on December 26, 2012, via iTunes. It was written by Mraz and Michael Natter, and produced by Joe Chiccarelli. The acoustic folk blues and folk-pop ballad was written during his activist outings and discusses not giving up on loving someone, loving oneself, and not giving up on one's dreams. It received mostly positive reviews from music critics, who agreed that the song is straightforward, emotional and inspiring. The song was also a success on the charts, debuting at number 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, becoming his second top-ten single, after "I'm Yours" (2008). Internationally, the song achieved large success, reaching top-ten positions in Ireland and Netherlands, while reaching top-twenty positions in Austria, Canada, the United Kingdom and more.

This is a document about Not Giving Up on Love
  "Not Giving Up on Love" is a trance song. It also features euphoric synths and pulsating beats. According to Idolator's Robbie Daw, the opening lyrics to 'Not Giving Up on Love' could almost be describing Sophie’s feelings about her chart fortunes over the past year: "I know you’re feeling restless, like life’s not on your side/It’s weighing heavy on your mind." In the chorus, she sings: "Hold me now, nothing else matters, it’s just the two of us / And if it all falls down, nothing else matters, you know we’re strong enough / I’m not giving up, I’m not giving up on us / I said I’m not giving up, I’m not giving up on love."

This is a document about Side B (EP)
 Notes ; "I Won't Give Up" is a cover song, originally written, released & performed by Jason Mraz in 2012. Grimmie previously covered the song on her YouTube channel and then performed it on The Voice.

This is a document about Get Up (Shinedown song)
  Singer Brent Smith wrote the song while helping his friend and bandmate Eric Bass cope with depression. The song also reflects Smith's own struggles. Smith explains the premise and purpose of the song: "We don't want people to feel ashamed about what they're going through. ...You're not going to be defined by your failures," Smith said. "You're going to be defined by the fact that you didn't give up.".

This is a document about The Change (song)
  The song describes someone making an effort to fix the world, even though people keep telling them that they'll "never change things", and that their effort will not make the world a significantly better place. He describes his action as being "like trying to stop a fire with the moisture from a kiss". Ultimately, the singer concludes that even if he fails to change the world, the world "will not change me".

This is a document about Don't Give Up (Timothy B. Schmit song)
  "Don't Give Up" is a song written and recorded by American singer Timothy B. Schmit, released as the second single from his second solo studio album, Timothy B (1987).

This is a document about Don't Give Up on Me (Kill the Noise and Illenium song)
  "Don't Give Up on Me" was first leaked in the Reddit community by fans, who shared a link to the unlisted video that was published on Mako's YouTube channel. The video was immediately taken down and removed from public access. The song is described as a genre-bending banger beginning with "a post-apocalyptic vibe" with "dark synths contrasted by layered harmonic vocals." About the song, Illenium told Billboard "I've looked up to Kill the Noise for a while now, so it was awesome to get a chance to work on a song with him... I got the vocal from Mako and instantly fell in love with it."

This is a document about Don't Give Up (Peter Gabriel and Kate Bush song)
  "Don't Give Up" was recorded by American recording artist Alicia Keys and Irish musician Bono. Retitled "Don't Give Up (Africa)", the song was produced by Keys and Steve Lillywhite. On 6 December 2005, the song was released as a single exclusively on iTunes and a ringtone version was released by Cingular Wireless. The proceeds of the release went to the charity Keep a Child Alive, for which Keys is a spokesperson. Keys commented that "I love this song. And I love Bono. I really respect what he has done for Africa and how he has used his fame to do good in the world. I hope I can do half as much in my life". Keys and Bono performed

This is a document about Stay Alive (Nina album)
  the album. The lyrics speak of steadfast and unconditional love. Philippine Entertainment Portal called it a "standout," stating "Nina's voice heightens the pain and vulnerability evoked by the lyrics and melody." "Believe in the Dream" is an inspirational power ballad, written by Jude Gitamondoc. Nina insisted the song's inclusion with the purpose of encouraging her listeners to pursue their goals despite adversities. Its message is about not giving up on your dreams. Nina related the lyrics to her personal struggles, saying "That's important for me because I, really, almost gave up [...] If this is what you always wanted to do, if this is your dream, don't

This is a document about First World Problems (album)
  Odell stated that the album's theme was based around the concept of a first world problem, criticizing society's tendency to focus on and complain about ultimately insignificant problems. The lyrics were meant to give the listener a sense of hope after hearing about the trials that band members had personally overcome, making them feel like they too could overcome their problems. The opening track "First World Problems" alludes to the time that Eubanks was homeless. The closing track "I Won't Say Goodbye" was written around Odell's experience as a teenager regarding the denial he felt during the sickness, and eventual death, of his mother. While primarily in regards to Odell, the lyrics also touched on sentiments regarding lost loved ones of Eubanks and producer Drew Fulk as well. The band's music has primarily been described as hard rock. Odell felt that some of the tracks, such as "The Ghost Inside" even had a bit of an "industrial" feel to them.

This is a document about Don't Give Up (Peter Gabriel and Kate Bush song)
  "Don't Give Up" is a song written by English musician Peter Gabriel and recorded as a duet with Kate Bush for Gabriel's fifth solo studio album So (1986). The single version was released as the second single from the album in the UK in 1986 and as the fifth single in the United States in 1987. It spent eleven weeks in the UK Top 75 chart in 1986, peaking at number nine. The song was included in Peter Gabriel's Secret World Live tour featuring singer Paula Cole. The DVD release of a performance in Italy in 1993 (released in 1994) included the duet. An all-orchestral recording featuring Ane Brun was released on Gabriel's New Blood album in 2011.

This is a document about Boomerang (Nicole Scherzinger song)
  down and not giving up. Scherzinger sings about her ability to turn things around for the better. With "wide-eyed determination", she sings: "You can turn me down, you can throw me now/ The harder out, the harder I come back around". Scherzinger said she related to and resonated with the song due to its uplifting nature, saying "I love this track as I can really relate to the lyrics because I don't always feel on top of the world and fierce and fearless. I have my doubts and days where I wonder if I should just throw in the towel", also noting that the "song givers her strength". One of the key aspects of the chorus is layered vocals from Scherzinger, with the word "Oh!" repeated multiple times.

This is a document about Never Give Up (Sia song)
  "Never Give Up" is a song recorded by Sia, from the soundtrack of the Garth Davis-directed film, Lion (2016). Written by Sia and her producer Greg Kurstin, the song was released on 18 November 2016. It was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Song Written For Visual Media. It is an electropop ballad, with influences of Indian and Middle Eastern music.

This is a document about Rumours (album)
  is more pessimistic. After a short fling with a New England woman, he was inspired to write "Never Going Back Again", a song about the illusion of thinking that sadness will never occur again once content with life. The lines "Been down one time/Been down two times" refer to the lyricist's efforts when persuading the woman to give him a chance. "Don't Stop", written by Christine McVie, is a song about optimism. She noted that Buckingham helped her craft the verses because their personal sensibilities overlapped. McVie's next track, "Songbird", features more introspective lyrics about "nobody and everybody" in the form of "a little prayer". "Oh Daddy",

This is a document about JoJo (album)
  her life, and how she "never wants to say goodbye" to him. "Weak" is the 10th track on the album, and is a cover of the 1992 song by SWV. "Keep On Keepin' On" is the 11th song on the album, and is a mid-tempo R&B song that talks of never giving up when you are in dire straits. It is autobiographical and deals with the time JoJo and her mom were living humbly in a small apartment, being jealous of her rich friends, and asking God why. The 12th track on the album is "Sunshine" and speaks of how

The "I Won't Give Up" song by Jason Mraz is about the importance of not giving up on a relationship, even when it gets tough. It's a reflection on the singer's own experiences and a reminder to keep fighting for love.


Question: where does something old something new something borrowed something blue come from

Answer: Lancashire

This is a document about Something old
  An 1898 compilation of English folklore recounted that: "In this country an old couplet directs that the bride shall wear:—"Something old, something new, Something borrowed, something blue." "The something blue" takes, I am given to understand, usually the form of a garter, an article of dress which plays an important part in some wedding rites, as, for instance, in the old custom of plucking off the garter of the bride. "The something old" and "something blue" are devices to baffle the Evil Eye. The usual effect on the bride of the Evil Eye is to render her barren, and this is obviated by wearing "something borrowed", which should properly be the undergarment of some woman who has been blessed with

This is a document about Something old
  the Superjail! episode "Gay Wedding," prison guard Alice has one of the grooms wear an old metal bra, a new bridal veil, a borrowed pink thong, and a blue miniskirt. ; In the penultimate episode "We're Planning a June Wedding" of the popular series The Vampire Diaries, lead character Caroline Forbes receives a card reading "Something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue", and during the episode she receives items which signify the phrase for her wedding. Something old from Stefan, Elena's necklace (something borrowed), a floral-looking headband from her friend Bonnie (something new), and Katherine's necklace (something blue). ; In Outlander

This is a document about Wedding superstitions
   “Something old, something new” refers to the traditional rhyme originating in Victorian-era England stating that, for good luck and a happy marriage, a bride must have on her wedding day: "'Something old, something new / Something borrowed, something blue / And a sixpence in her shoe.'"'Something old' symbolises the bride-to-be's past, her family and her values, and could be a piece of jewelry or a similar token. A bride's 'something new' might be a gift from the groom or her family, and represents a new chapter in the brides life full of good fortune and happiness. 'Something borrowed' might be a bridal accessory lent by a friend or family member who themselves is happily married, to ensure the bride's marriage is just as happy as theirs. 'Something blue' represents purity, faithfulness and modesty, projecting these values into the future marriage, and could come in the form of a blue ribbon or brooch. Lastly, a sixpence in the bride's shoe – or even sewn into her dress – promises lasting wealth for the couple.

This is a document about Something old
 The 1971 single "Something Old, Something New" by The Fantastics (formerly known as The Velours), which reached number 9 in the UK charts. ; Placebo's song "Every You Every Me" (1999) contains the line "Something borrowed, something blue". ; On Ihsahn's album Eremita (2012) is a song entitled "Something Out There", which uses the lyrics "something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue". ; The rhyme is referenced in the Fall Out Boy song, "I Slept With Someone In Fall Out Boy And All I Got Was This Stupid Song Written About Me". At the near end of the song, Patrick Stump and Pete Wentz sing "Someone old, no one new, feeling borrowed, always blue". ; In the Taylor Swift song, “Lover”, she sings “My heart’s been borrowed and yours has been blue, all’s well that ends well to end up with you”.

This is a document about Something old
 In the Golden Girls episode, "Mixed Blessings" (1988), Dorothy's son Michael and his fiancée Lorraine are about to go into a chapel to elope. Rose states that Lorraine doesn't have something old, new, borrowed, or blue. Lorraine's mother gives her a blue scarf (something blue), Dorothy gives her a watch to borrow (something borrowed), Blanche gives her earrings worn by Blanche's grandma (something old), and the child Lorraine is pregnant with is counted as something new. ; In the Thomas & Friends episode, "Happy Ever After" (1998), Percy is instructed by Mrs. Kyndley to pick up four items that are old, new, borrowed

This is a document about Wedding superstitions
 When Prince William and Catherine Middleton were wed, the bride had Carrickmacross lace for her something old, a pair of diamond earrings from her parents for her something new, a diamond Cartier tiara (given to The Queen on her 18th birthday) for her something borrowed, and a small blue ribbon sewn into the inside of her dress for her something blue. ; In the American NBC sitcom Friends, specifically the episode 'The One In Vegas', Monica tells Chandler that she needs something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue if they are to get married. They steal a blue, new sweater from a gift-shop, and Chandler has an old rubber for their something old.

This is a document about List of Frasier characters
  Briefly appears in "Something Borrowed, Someone Blue".

This is a document about Something old
 By 1905, the full rhyme had crossed the Atlantic to the United States as it appeared in the novel Purple and Fine Linen by Emily Post. ; Two romantic comedies take their titles from the rhyme: Something New (2006) and Something Borrowed (2011), which was based on Emily Giffin's 2005 book of the same name. ; In the Rainbow Magic Book Mia the Bridesmaid Fairy by Daisy Meadows the fairy must find 'lucky items' that are "Kirsty’s grandmother’s brooch as something old, Esther’s wedding dress as something new, Kirsty’s golden anklet as something borrowed, the blue feather as something blue, and Rachel’s sixpence anklet as the sixpence."

This is a document about Old, New, Borrowed, and Blue (Paul Carrack album)
  Old, New, Borrowed, and Blue is the eleventh solo studio album by the English singer-songwriter Paul Carrack. It was originally released in 2007 on Carrack's own Carrack-UK label. As the title implies, the album is a mixture of recordings of various vintages—some old, some new—cover (i.e., "borrowed") songs, and songs that have a soul or blues influence. Two songs are re-mixes of Carrack originals, originally from his 1996 album Blue Views. Track 4 was recorded with the Belgian jazz duo Gare du Nord and initially issued on their 2007 album Sex 'N' Jazz. Other songs are outtakes from earlier album projects, songs recorded for tribute albums, and newly recorded tracks.

This is a document about Weddings in the United States
  Something old, something new, Something borrowed, something blue, A silver sixpence in her shoe. The saying, "Something old, something new, / Something borrowed, something blue, / A silver sixpence in her shoe," dates back to the Victorian era and requires the bride to accessorize her wedding attire in certain ways to promote good luck in her new marriage. Many brides in the U.S. do this for fun. The "old" is supposed to represent the past, particularly the bond between the bride and her family. The bride might choose to wear a piece of jewelry from one of her elders, or another accessory

This is a document about Something old
  blue" for Lois' upcoming wedding to Clark. ; In the Grey's Anatomy episode "White Wedding", Callie Torres asks to borrow something from Sloan Riley, saying that she already has something old, new and blue, in preparation for her wedding. ; In the Mama's Family episode "The Wedding: Part 1", Mama's daughter Eunice asks her future sister-in-law if she has "something old, something new, something borrowed, and something blue" and Naomi the bride reveals that Mama gave her a sapphire ring - the same sapphire ring that Eunice has wanted since the death of her grandfather. ; In the "ER" seventh season episode

This is a document about Something old
  "April Showers", Isabelle Corday, Dr. Elizabeth Corday's mother, hands her daughter a pair of family heirloom earrings the morning of Elizabeth's wedding, mentioning, "Something old, something new, something borrowed...." ; The final two episodes of Season 2 of How I Met Your Mother are titled "Something Borrowed" and "Something Blue" in reference to the wedding occurring between the characters Marshall and Lily on the show. The final two episodes of Season 8 of How I Met Your Mother are titled "Something Old" and "Something New" in reference to the wedding occurring between the characters Barney and Robin on the show. ; The

This is a document about Something old
  should wear—'Something new, Something blue, Something borrowed'...", and so omits the "something old". The authors note that this counters other regional folklore warning against the wearing of blue on the wedding day, but relates the use of the colour to phrases like "true blue" which make positive associations with the colour. The final line "and a sixpence in her shoe" is a later Victorian addition; the coin should be worn in the left shoe. In 1894, the saying was recorded in Ireland, in the Annual Report and Proceedings of the Belfast Naturalists' Field Club, where it was attributed to County Monaghan folklore. The wearing of the five items detailed in the rhyme is still popular in the UK and US.

This is a document about Something Borrowed - Something Blue
  Something Borrowed - Something Blue is an album by American jazz saxophonist Gerry Mulligan featuring performances recorded in 1966 and first released on the Limelight label.

This is a document about Karen Tintori
  not divide up or delegate tasks. Instead, they developed their thoughts and wrote in a single style, sitting side by side. This ability to write together, in one voice, has characterized their entire body of work since. Both writers have publicly discussed their writing methodology and the ability of each to anticipate the other's thoughts and even complete her sentences. The success of their first collaborative effort spurred them on to the next. In 1993, under the pseudonym Jillian Karr (a combination of Jill and Karen), they published Something Borrowed, Something Blue (Doubleday, Bantam Books). The novel - a story of intrigue involving four

This is a document about Something old
   "Something old" is the first line of a traditional rhyme that details what a bride should wear at her wedding for good luck: Something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue, and a [silver] sixpence in her shoe. The old item provides protection for the baby to come. The new item offers optimism for the future. The item borrowed from another happily married couple provides good luck. The colour blue is a sign of purity and fidelity. The sixpence — a British silver coin — is a symbol of prosperity or acts as a ward against evil done by frustrated suitors.

This is a document about Weddings in the United States
  to her from an older relative. The "new" represents the couple getting married and their future together. Usually, the bride's wedding gown or wedding ring is used as a new item. "Something borrowed" is something that is taken from the families and meant to be returned. By borrowing something, the bride is continuing the link between herself and her family to maintain loyalty and future comfort. The borrowed item must come from a happily married woman in order to pass on marital happiness onto the new couple. "Something blue" represents the bride's faithfulness and loyalty. Easy ways for the bride to

This is a document about Something old
  the clothes communicate fertility to the bride." The earliest recorded version of the first two lines is in 1871 in the short story, “Marriage Superstitions, and the Miseries of a Bride Elect” in St James’ Magazine, when the female narrator states, “On the wedding day I must ‘wear something new, something borrowed, something blue.'” The first recorded version of the rhyme as we now know it (the so-called Lancashire version) was in a 1876 newspaper, which reported a wedding where the bride “wore, according to ancient custom, something old and something new, something borrowed and blue.” Another compilation of the era frames this poem as "a Lancashire version", as contrast against a Leicestershire recitation that "a bride on her wedding

This is a document about Something Borrowed, Something Blue
  Something Borrowed, Something Blue is an album by pianist Tommy Flanagan recorded in 1978 for the Galaxy label.

This is a document about Something old
 something old – Carrickmacross lace ; something new – a pair of diamond earrings made by jewellers Robinson Pelham and given by her parents ; something borrowed – a diamond tiara made by Cartier which had been bought for The Queen Mother, and which was subsequently given to The Queen on her 18th birthday ; something blue – a small ribbon sewn into the inside of the dress In 2011, at the wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton, the bride had:

 The phrase "something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue" comes from a traditional English wedding rhyme. The meaning behind each item is as follows:

* Something old: a symbol of the bride's past, her family, and her values.
* Something new: a symbol of the bride's new life and her happiness.
* Something borrowed: a symbol of the bride's future happiness and good fortune.
* Something blue: a symbol of purity, faithfulness, and modesty.

The origin of the rhyme is not definitively known, but it


Question: how many bella italia restaurants are there in the uk

Answer: over 90

This is a document about Bella Italia
  Bella Italia (formerly known as Bella Pasta) is a chain of over 90 restaurants offering meals inspired by Italian cuisine in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The chain is part of the The Big Table Group, who also own Café Rouge and Las Iguanas.

This is a document about Bella Italia
  Bella Italia started life as two small restaurant chains - Pastificio and Pizzaland - which were part of the Grand Metropolitan group. In 1990, Michael Guthrie (former Chairman of Mecca Leisure Group) formed BrightReasons and bought the Pizzaland and Pastificio chains from Grand Metropolitan for £20m in February 1991, rebranding Pastificio to Bella Pasta in the process. In February 1993, BrightReasons purchased 43 Pizza Piazza and Prima Pasta restaurants from Rank Organisation for £20.25m, bringing their total number of restaurants to 165. In May 1994, BrightReasons started preparing for a stock market flotation, and the group was expected to be valued at

This is a document about Casual Dining Group
  CDG operates restaurants under the Bella Italia (100+ restaurants in the UK), Café Rouge (60+) and Las Iguanas names. It also operates sites under the Belgo (4, London and Nottingham), Huxleys (1, airport), Oriel Grande Brasserie (3, airports), DUBL (1, airport) and La Salle brands.

This is a document about List of Bellator MMA events
  Italy – 1 London, England – 6 ; Newcastle, England – 2 ; Birmingham, England – 1 Ontario (7) ; Rama, Ontario – 5 ; Windsor, Ontario – 2 Dublin, Ireland – 6 Tel Aviv, Israel – 4 Budapest, Hungary – 2 Paris, France – 1 Saitama, Japan – 1 Belfast, United Kingdom – 1 Moscow, Russia – 1  These cities have hosted the following numbers of Bellator events as of Bellator 272 🇺🇸 United States (231)  🇮🇹 Italy (10) 🏴 England (9) 🇨🇦 Canada (7)  🇮🇪 Ireland (6) 🇮🇱 Israel (4) 🇭🇺 Hungary (2) 🇫🇷 France (1) 🇯🇵 Japan (1) Northern Ireland (1) 🇷🇺 Russia (1)

This is a document about Jamie Oliver
  In June 2008, Oliver launched a restaurant, Jamie's Italian, his first high street business venture, in Oxford, England. At its peak, there were 42 Jamie's Italian restaurants in the UK. The brand was franchised and includes branches in Australia (which Oliver part-bought back in November 2016 after its founders went bankrupt), Canada, Cyprus, Hong Kong, Iceland, Ireland, Qatar, Russia, Turkey, the UAE and Singapore. In January 2017, Chief Executive Simon Blagden announced the closure of six restaurants in the UK affecting 120 jobs, at sites in Aberdeen, Cheltenham, Exeter, Royal Tunbridge Wells, and in London at Ludgate and Richmond. In January

This is a document about Zizzi
  As of July 2021, Zizzi have about twenty five London restaurants. Birmingham, Leeds, Liverpool, Manchester, and Sheffield, are all home to Zizzi too. They have Scottish sites in Aberdeen, Edinburgh, and Glasgow, among others. Welsh venues are predominantly located in Cardiff, and Irish venues are predominantly situated in Dublin. Zizzi opened their first restaurant in Chiswick in 1999.

This is a document about Olive Garden
  As of March 22, 2013, the company operates 891 restaurants globally. There are eight locations in Canada, which are Winnipeg, Manitoba (two); Calgary, Alberta; Edmonton, Alberta (two); Saskatoon, Saskatchewan; Regina, Saskatchewan; and Langley, British Columbia near Vancouver. In the 1990s, there had been at various times between 10 and 15 locations in Ontario, but they were all closed in the early 2000s. Newer restaurants are styled after a farmhouse in the town of Castellina in Chianti, Tuscany, on the grounds of the Rocca delle Macie winery. The farmhouse is home to the Riserva di Fizzano restaurant adjoining the company's Culinary Institute of Tuscany which was founded in 1999. In late 2012, two restaurants were opened in Mexico City: Interlomas and Reforma Ave. Currently, there are four restaurants in Mexico City; two

This is a document about Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom
  On 18 May, Casual Dining Group (CDG), owner of about 250 Bella Italia, Café Rouge and Las Iguanas restaurants, said it was preparing to call in administrators, potentially putting 6,000 jobs at risk. On 22 May, it was estimated over 30,000 UK pubs and restaurants might remain permanently closed after the lockdown. On 3 June, Restaurant Group, owner of chains including Frankie & Benny's and Garfunkel's, told employees a "large number" of its outlets would not reopen after lockdown; up to 120 restaurants, mainly Frankie & Benny's, were set to close permanently. On 29 June 2020, Byron Hamburgers announced it was

This is a document about Eddie Rocket's
 Arklow ; Athlone ; Bray ; Carlow ; Dublin ; Drogheda ; Killarney ; Mullingar ; Naas ; Navan ; Newbridge ; Newry ; Portlaoise ; Tullamore There are currently 38 restaurants in operation in Ireland including:

This is a document about Bella Italia
  £70m-£100m. This was subsequently announced in September, however, in November 1994, the planned flotation was postponed. In November 1996, BrightReasons was put up for sale after suffering a particularly tough trading period in 1995. In November 1996, BrightReasons was acquired by Whitbread for £46m, but was sold off less than six years later for £25m to Tragus Holdings (later renamed Casual Dining Group). In December 2002, the Bella Pasta chain was rebranded as Bella Italia and the first fully branded restaurant opened in Leeds. In September 2012, Bella Italia joined the Nectar loyalty card reward scheme as a redemption partner. In September

This is a document about Italians in the United Kingdom
  There is no definitive number of Italians in the UK. According to the 2011 UK Census, there were 131,195 Italian-born residents in England, 3,424 in Wales, 6,048 in Scotland, and 538 in Northern Ireland. The 2001 Census recorded a total of 107,244 Italian-born people resident in the United Kingdom. Office for National Statistics (ONS) estimates put the equivalent figure for 2015 at 162,000 and 233,000 in 2019. In 2016, the Italian consulate in London estimated that 600,000 Italians were resident in the UK. According to Ethnologue, Italian is the first language of some 200,000 people in the UK, although the 2011 Census recorded only 92,241 people with Italian as their main language in England and Wales. For the period 2015 to 2016, 12,135 Italian students were studying in British universities. This was the third-highest figure amongst EU countries and ninth globally.

This is a document about The Restaurant Group
  As of December 2019, The Restaurant Group plc operated over 400 restaurants and pub restaurants throughout the UK. It also operates a multi‐brand Concessions business which trades principally in UK airports. In addition, the Wagamama business had 6 restaurants in the US and over 50 franchise restaurants operating across a number of territories.

This is a document about The Fat Duck
  The Fat Duck is located in Bray in the High Street. Chef proprietor Heston Blumenthal has owned the premises since it opened at the location in 1995. It is not the only Michelin three-star restaurant in Bray, the other being Michel Roux's restaurant The Waterside Inn. As of 2017, it is one of only five restaurants in the entire United Kingdom with three Michelin stars. The restaurant has fourteen tables, and can seat 42 diners. It has a very high proportion of chefs working at the restaurant, 42, equating to one chef per diner. Much of the menu is developed by experimentation: for example, the egg and bacon ice cream

This is a document about Jamie Oliver
  as part of an agreement with creditors to secure £71.5M of debt, JORG proposed to enter the UK company Jamie's Italian Ltd into a company voluntary arrangement, seeking rent reductions on eight outlets and closing a further 12 in Bath, Bristol, Bluewater, Chelmsford, Harrogate, Kingston, Milton Keynes, Reading, and St Albans, and Greenwich, Piccadilly and Threadneedle Street in London. As part of the agreement, court papers revealed that Jamie's Italian had debts of £71.5m, including £2.2m in wages owed to staff; £30.2m of overdrafts and loans; £41.3m owed to landlords, HM Revenue and Customs, suppliers and other creditors; with £47m of

This is a document about Vapiano
   According to the consolidated financial statements for the financial year of 2014, there were 152 restaurants worldwide under the Vapiano brand. According to the company, there were 62 in Germany, eleven in Austria, nine in the United States, eight in Sweden, six in France, six in Switzerland, seven in Australia, five in the Netherlands, four in Hungary, six in England, seven in Mexico, three in the Czech Republic, three in Poland, three in the United Arab Emirates, two in Brazil, two in Denmark, three in Estonia, two in Finland, two in Chile, two in Luxembourg, two in Saudi Arabia, two in Spain, one in Serbia, two in Taiwan, two in Qatar and two in Ukraine. Vapiano had a presence of one restaurant each inScotland, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Egypt, Kuwait, Lithuania, Norway, Colombia and South Korea.

This is a document about Strada
   Strada is a chain based in the United Kingdom of branded restaurants specialising in Italian cuisine with two Strada sites and six Coppa Clubs, all in Southern England.

This is a document about Food and drink in Birmingham
  restaurants back to 11 (‘cooking scores’ in brackets): Adam's (7) Carter's Of Moseley (6), Folium (4), Harborne Kitchen (6), Lasan (3), Opheem (4), Opus (2), The Oyster Club (4), Purnell's (6), Purnell's Bistro (2) and Simpsons (6), with Adam's being the only Birmingham restaurant to appear in its ‘The Top 50, The UK’s best restaurants’, being placed at number 49 (a fall of 2 places since 2019). The dining scene in Birmingham continues to evolve and notable restaurants included Two Cats Kitchen, which opened in Warstone Lane in the Jewellery Quarter in July 2015 after a period of operating

This is a document about Bella Italia
  Bella Italia began a partnership with the Gourmet Society, offering their members discounts on production of a Gourmet Society restaurant discount card. In light of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, in May 2020 Bella Italia's owner Casual Dining Group announced that it was working with advisors on next steps for the overall business as a prudent measure to protect the company whilst planning for the future. In July 2020, Casual Dining Group was placed into administration with 35 Bella Italia outlets set to close. Branches in Plymouth, Newbury and Luton Airport permanently closed as administrators began selling off the group's assets.

This is a document about Indian cuisine
   The UK's first Indian restaurant, the Hindoostanee Coffee House, opened in 1810. By 2003, there were as many as 10,000 restaurants serving Indian cuisine in England and Wales alone. According to Britain's Food Standards Agency, the Indian food industry in the United Kingdom is worth 3.2 billion pounds, accounts for two-thirds of all eating out in the country, and serves about 2.5 million customers every week. One of the best known examples of British Indian restaurant cuisine is chicken tikka masala, which has also been called "a true British national dish."

This is a document about Raymond Blanc
  the Blancs opened Les Quat' Saisons in a row of modern shops in Summertown, Oxford: "We mortgaged the house, owed 18 further people, and opened in a corridor between a lingerie shop and Oxfam". An overnight success, he won "Egon Ronay Guide Restaurant of the Year", two Michelin stars and a host of other distinctions. In 1981, Blanc opened La Maison Blanc, a chain of boulangeries and pâtisseries that also contain cafès. There are 14 branches of Maison Blanc across the country, including several in London and one in Oxford. Maison Blanc cakes are available nationwide in Waitrose. In 1983, Blanc purchased a manor-house in the Oxfordshire village of Great

There are currently 90 Bella Italia restaurants in the UK.


Question: where does a sydney funnel web spider live

Answer: eastern Australia

This is a document about Sydney funnel-web spider
  Distribution is centred on Sydney, extending north to the Central Coast and south to the Illawarra region, and west to the Blue Mountains in New South Wales. The spider can be found in moist microhabitats, including under logs and foliage. Sydney funnel-web spiders are mostly terrestrial spiders, favouring habitats with moist sand and clays.

This is a document about Hadronyche versuta
  The Blue Mountains funnel-web spider is found in eastern Australia from the Blue Mountains to Illawarra District in New South Wales. Its burrows are found in stumps and rotten logs.

This is a document about Australian funnel-web spider
  The primary range of the Australian funnel-web spiders is the eastern coast of Australia, with specimens found in New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania and Queensland. The only Australian states or territories without members of this family are Western Australia and the Northern Territory.

This is a document about Hadronyche macquariensis
  The Port Macquarie funnel-web spider is found along the northern coast of New South Wales in eastern Australia, where specimens have been collected from the vicinity of Forster north through Taree, Port Macquarie to Coffs Harbour and Bellingen.

This is a document about Hadronyche cerberea
  The southern tree-dwelling funnel-web spider is found in eastern Australia from the Hunter River in central New South Wales to southern New South Wales. This and the northern tree-dwelling funnel-web spider (Hadronyche formidabilis) are the only two species of Australian funnel-web spiders that live predominantly in trees. It inhabits dry sclerophyll forest. In Tallaganda National Park and its surrounds in southeastern New South Wales, the southern tree-dwelling funnel-web spider co-occurs with the funnel-web species Atrax sutherlandi, which burrows exclusively in the soil, in contrast with the former species' preference for logs. Genetic analysis shows that the southern tree-dwelling funnel-web spider has recently rapidly spread through the area.

This is a document about Hadronyche infensa
  The Darling Downs funnel-web spider is found in eastern Australia, ranging from southeast Queensland to the northeastern portion of New South Wales.

This is a document about Hadronyche formidabilis
  The northern tree-dwelling funnel-web spider is found in eastern Australia from South East Queensland to the Hunter River in New South Wales. This and the southern tree-dwelling funnel-web spider (Hadronyche cerberea) are the only two species of Australian funnel-web spiders that live predominantly in trees. It lives in rotting logs, branches and hollow furrows and pipes of trees, particularly tallowwood (Eucalyptus microcorys), as well as in epiphytes. They have been recorded in trees 30 m (100 ft) above the ground. Roving males are encountered after rain and at night between late October and early February. They seek shelter during the day.

This is a document about Atrax yorkmainorum
  Atrax yorkmainorum is not currently widespread across Australia. The distribution of these spiders is reported to be within forest areas of south-eastern New South Wales, as well as the Australian Capital Territory according to the Australian Museum records. Common places where sightings have occurred include the alpine ash Bago State Forest and Dora Dora National park in NSW and the Uriarra Forest and Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve in ACT. The most recent recorded sighting of Atrax yorkmainorum was on the Mount Ainslie Walking Trail in ACT in late 2020. The chance of encountering a funnel web spider is increased during the humid, wet months as the male is most active in these conditions as it provides a more favourable environment. Funnel web spiders are commonly found living in sheltered habitats such as under rocks or logs.

This is a document about Caladenia infundibularis
  The funnel-web spider orchid occurs between Dunsborough and Northcliffe in the Jarrah Forest, Swan Coastal Plain and Warren biogeographic regions where it grows in coastal heath, forest and woodland.

This is a document about Sydney funnel-web spider
  The Sydney funnel-web spider (Atrax robustus) is a species of venomous mygalomorph spider native to eastern Australia, usually found within a 100 km radius of Sydney. It is a member of a group of spiders known as Australian funnel-web spiders. Its bite is capable of causing serious illness or death in humans if left untreated. The Sydney funnel-web has a body length ranging from 1 to 5 cm. Both sexes are glossy and darkly coloured, ranging from blue-black, to black, to shades of brown or dark-plum coloured.

This is a document about Hadronyche macquariensis
  Commonly known as the Port Macquarie funnel-web spider, Hadronyche macquariensis was described by Mike Gray in 2010, the holotype male having been collected from Taree, New South Wales in January 1978. Within the genus, it is a member of the infensa group, which contains several described and undescribed species in central New South Wales and southern Queensland. Before its description, it was known as Hadronyche sp. 14.

This is a document about Sydney funnel-web spider
  Sydney funnel-web spider as yet another species—Poikilomorpha montana—from a specimen collected from Jamison Valley and Wentworth Falls in the Blue Mountains. Its species name was derived from poikilomorphia, "variety of form", referring to the eyes of different sizes, and montana, "of the mountains". In February 1927, a young boy died after being bitten on the hand after playing with a big black spider on the laundry steps of his home in the Sydney suburb of Thornleigh. He fell gravely ill and perished later that evening. Public interest in the spiders surged, and the police brought the dead spider to the

This is a document about Australian funnel-web spider
  and do not point towards each other (cf. Araneomorphae). They have ample venom glands that lie entirely within their chelicerae. Their fangs are large and powerful, capable of penetrating fingernails and soft shoes. Australian funnel-web spiders make their burrows in moist, cool, sheltered habitats – under rocks, in and under rotting logs, and some in rough-barked trees (occasionally meters above ground). They are commonly found in suburban rockeries and shrubberies, rarely in lawns or other open terrain. A burrow characteristically has irregular silk trip-lines radiating from the entrance. Unlike some related trapdoor spiders, they do not build lids to their burrows.

This is a document about Hadronyche macquariensis
  Hadronyche macquariensis, the Port Macquarie funnel-web spider, is a venomous mygalomorph spider, one of a number of species of Australian funnel-web spiders] found in New South Wales.

This is a document about Hadronyche modesta
  The Victorian funnel-web spider is found in southeastern Australia from the vicinity of Melbourne east through the Dandenong Ranges and East Gippsland.

This is a document about Sydney funnel-web spider
  warmer months of the year, looking for receptive females to mate with. This makes encounters with male specimens more likely as they sometimes wander into backyards or houses, or fall into swimming pools. The spiders can survive such immersion for up to twenty-four hours, trapping air bubbles on hairs around their abdomen. Sydney funnel-web spiders are mainly active at night, as typical day-time conditions would dehydrate them. During the day, they seek cover in cool, moist hideaways. After heavy rain, spider activity is increased as their burrows may be flooded. When threatened or provoked, funnel-web spiders will display aggressive behaviour, rearing up on their hind legs and displaying their fangs. When biting, the funnel-web spider maintains a tight grip on its victim, often biting repeatedly.

This is a document about List of medically significant spider bites
  The Australian funnel-web spiders (families Hexathelidae, Atracidae, Macrothelidae and Porrhothelidae), such as the Sydney funnel-web spider Atrax robustus (a mygalomorph spider not to be confused with the araneomorph funnel-weaver or grass spiders) are regarded as among the most venomous in the world. They react vigorously to threats and, reputedly, will more often attempt to bite than run away. A. robustus, a large black spider, is found within a radius of about 100 km from Sydney. Its venom contains a compound known as δ-atracotoxin which is highly toxic to primates. Approximately 10% of bites lead to serious symptoms for a total of

This is a document about Australian funnel-web spider
  to humans. Adult males, recognised by the modified terminal segment of the palp, tend to wander during the warmer months of the year, looking for receptive females for mating. They are attracted to water, hence are often found in swimming pools, into which they often fall while wandering. The spiders can survive immersion in water for several hours and can deliver a bite when removed from the water. They also show up in garages and yards in suburban Sydney. Contrary to a commonly held belief, Australian funnel-web spiders are not able to jump, although they can run quickly. While some very venomous spiders

This is a document about Trapania aureopunctata
  This species was described from Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It has also been reported from Tasmania and Victoria.

This is a document about Sydney brown trapdoor spider
  The Sydney brown trapdoor spider (Arbanitis rapax, synonym Misgolas rapax) is a spider in the family Idiopidae, found primarily around Sydney, Australia. It is usually shy and retiring and is often confused with the Sydney funnel-web spider, which is one of the most venomous spiders in the world.

A Sydney funnel-web spider is found in the Sydney region of New South Wales, extending north to the Central Coast and south to the Illawarra region. It prefers moist microhabitats and can be found in areas with clay and sandy soils.


Question: who wrote the story of the tortoise and the hare

Answer: Aesop

This is a document about The Tortoise and the Hare
   "The Tortoise and the Hare" is one of Aesop's Fables and is numbered 226 in the Perry Index. The account of a race between unequal partners has attracted conflicting interpretations. The fable itself is a variant of a common folktale theme in which ingenuity and trickery (rather than doggedness) are employed to overcome a stronger opponent.

This is a document about The Tortoise & The Hare
  The Tortoise & The Hare is a 2013 wordless picture book of Aesop's classic fable and is illustrated by Jerry Pinkney. It is about a tortoise and a hare that compete in a foot race with the tortoise surprisingly winning.

This is a document about The Story of The Tortoise & the Hare
  The Story of The Tortoise & the Hare is a 2002 stop motion short film directed and animated by Ray Harryhausen. It is based on the Aesop fable The Tortoise and the Hare.

This is a document about The Tortoise and the Hare (film)
  The Tortoise and the Hare is a 1935 American animated short film released on January 5, 1935, by United Artists, produced by Walt Disney and directed by Wilfred Jackson. Based on an Aesop's fable of the same name, it won the 1934 Oscar for Best Short Subject: Cartoons. This cartoon is also believed to be one of the inspirations for Bugs Bunny by Warner Bros., who first appeared in 1940.

This is a document about European hare
  cupids' and 'in the Middle Ages [the hare] appears beside the figure of [mythological] Luxuria', they are on much surer ground." The hare is a character in some fables, such as The Tortoise and the Hare of Aesop. The story was annexed to a philosophical problem by Zeno of Elea, who created a set of paradoxes to support Parmenides' attack on the idea of continuous motion, as each time the hare (or the hero Achilles) moves to where the tortoise was, the tortoise moves just a little further away. The German Renaissance artist Albrecht Dürer realistically depicted a hare in his 1502 watercolour painting Young Hare.

This is a document about List of Manning-Sanders tales by region
 Hare's Ears, Tortoise Tales

This is a document about The Hare and the Hedgehog
  Günter Grass wrote a short story of the same name. Fredrik Vahle sings the song of the rabbit Augustin on his children's song record Die Rübe, which was released in 1973. The second part is a musical version of the fairy tale of the hare and the hedgehog. The story is similar to the fairy tale, but somewhat shortened. The Hare and Tortoise is a board game invented in 1973 by the Englishman David Parlett which was the first game to be awarded the German Game of the Year prize in 1979 under the name Hase und Igel. The original English title Hare and Tortoise refers to Aesop's fable. A Movie Der Wettlauf zwischen dem Hasen und dem Igel was released in 1921 based on a script by Johannes Meyer. Der Hase und der Igel is a German fairy tale movie from 1982. Gurimu Meisaku Gekijō, a Japanese animated series from 1987, tells the story of the race between the hare and the hedgehog in episode 41. Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics did an adaption of this story with the Hare voiced by Robert Axelrod in the English dub and the Hedgehog voiced by Steve Kramer in the English dub.

This is a document about Festina lente
  popular in the Renaissance era and Shakespeare alluded to it repeatedly. In Love's Labour's Lost, he copied the crab and butterfly imagery with the characters Moth and Armado. The French poet and critic Nicolas Boileau, in his Art poétique (The Art of Poetry) (1674) applied the dictum specifically to the work of the writer, whom he advised in those words: "Hâtez-vous lentement, et sans perdre courage,Vingt fois sur le métier remettez votre ouvrage,Polissez-le sans cesse, et le repolissez,Ajoutez quelquefois, et souvent effacez. (Slowly make haste, and without losing courage; Twenty times redo your work; Polish and re-polish endlessly, And sometimes add, but often take away)" Jean de la Fontaine alluded to the motto in his famous fable of "The Hare and the Tortoise"

This is a document about List of Manning-Sanders tales by region
 Hyena and Hare, Tortoise Tales

This is a document about The Frightened Hares
  Hares are proverbially timid and a number of fables have been based on this behaviour. The best known, often titled "The Hares and the Frogs", appears among Aesop's Fables and is numbered 138 in the Perry Index. As well as having an Asian analogue, there have been variant versions over the centuries.

This is a document about The Tortoise and the Hare
   There is a Greek version of the fable but no early Latin version. For this reason it did not begin to appear in printed editions of Aesop's fables until the 16th century, one of the earliest being Bernard Salomon's Les Fables d'Esope Phrygien, mises en Ryme Francoise (1547). Versions followed from the Netherlands (in Dutch, 1567) and Flanders (in French, 1578) but none in English before Francis Barlow's edition of 1667. Among the many illustrations of the fable, that by the French caricaturist Jean Grandville is novel in portraying the tortoise as running upright. This is also how he is shown in the Walt Disney cartoon version of "The Tortoise and the Hare" (1935). Another departure from the ordinary in

This is a document about Human uses of reptiles
   Reptiles have appeared in literature since ancient times. Pliny the Elder, for instance, describes the legendary basilisk as a snake "twelve fingers in length". The animal reappears many times in Western literature, including in Isidore of Seville's medieval Etymologiae, and more recently in J. K. Rowling's 1998 Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets. Among the many other reptiles in children's literature, Rudyard Kipling's story "How the Elephant got his Trunk" in his 1902 book Just So Stories features a crocodile who grips and stretches the elephant's nose. Turtles and tortoises feature in books for children and adults, from The Tortoise and the

This is a document about The Tortoise and the Hare
  under the foot of a capitalist entrepreneur. Lord Dunsany brings out another view in his "The True History of the Tortoise and the Hare" (1915). There the hare realises the stupidity of the challenge and refuses to proceed any further. The obstinate tortoise continues to the finishing line and is proclaimed the swiftest by his backers. But, continues Dunsany, A century later Vikram Seth broadened the satire in his verse retelling of the fable in Beastly Tales (1991) and had it both ways. There is nothing to recommend in the behaviour of either protagonist by way of a moral. While the Tortoise's victory bolsters its joyless self-righteousness, the hare-brained loser is taken up by the media and "pampered rotten/ And the tortoise was forgotten".

This is a document about Fable
  invent comic fables. Many familiar fables of Aesop include "The Crow and the Pitcher", "The Tortoise and the Hare" and "The Lion and the Mouse". In ancient Greek and Roman education, the fable was the first of the progymnasmata—training exercises in prose composition and public speaking—wherein students would be asked to learn fables, expand upon them, invent their own, and finally use them as persuasive examples in longer forensic or deliberative speeches. The need of instructors to teach, and students to learn, a wide range of fables as material for their declamations resulted in their being gathered together in collections, like those of Aesop.

This is a document about Turtle
  with it, ever after. Another of their gods, Hermes, invented a seven-stringed lyre made with the shell of a tortoise. In China, the turtle was one of the four sacred animals in Confucianism, while in the Han period, steles were mounted on top of stone turtles, later linked with Bixi, the turtle-shelled son of the Dragon King. Marine turtles feature significantly in Australian Aboriginal art. The army of Ancient Rome used the testudo ("tortoise") formation where soldiers would form a shield wall for protection. In Aesop's Fables, "The Tortoise and the Hare" tells how an unequal race may be won by the slower partner. Lewis Carroll's 1865 Alice's Adventures in Wonderland features a Mock Turtle, named for a soup meant to

This is a document about The Tortoise and the Birds
   The Tortoise and the Birds is a fable of probable folk origin, early versions of which are found in both India and Greece. There are also African variants. The moral lessons to be learned from these differ and depend on the context in which they are told.

This is a document about Hare and Tortoise
  The game is based on Aesop's fable "The Tortoise and the Hare", in which the hare and tortoise decide to race. The tortoise wins the race by cunning while the hare fails because he overestimates himself and takes a nap during the race. The moral of the story is "slow and steady wins the race" which is incorporated in the game mechanic. In Germany, there is another fable by a similar name, Hase und Igel (Hare and hedgehog), made popular by the Brothers Grimm, in which the hedgehog wins because his wife is at the finish line, and the hare mistakes her for his race opponent.

This is a document about The Tale of Peter Rabbit
  The Tale of Peter Rabbit is a children's book written and illustrated by Beatrix Potter that follows mischievous and disobedient young Peter Rabbit as he gets into, and is chased around, the garden of Mr. McGregor. He escapes and returns home to his mother, who puts him to bed after offering him chamomile-tea. The tale was written for five-year-old Noel Moore, son of Potter's former governess Annie Carter Moore, in 1893. It was revised and privately printed by Potter in 1901 after several publishers' rejections, but was printed in a trade edition by Frederick Warne & Co. in 1902. The book was a success, and multiple reprints were

This is a document about Okami-san and Her Seven Companions
  and just happens to be Ryoko's favorite, and landlady of apartment "Okashisou" where Ryoshi lives. She is based on Japanese tale Yuki-onna. Usami Mimi (宇佐見 美々) ; She is based on the hare from the Aesop's fable "The Tortoise and the Hare". She is Tarō's and Otohime's childhood friend, and since very little she has held hostility towards Otohime, calling her with the mocking nickname of "turtle". She is based on the hare from the Aesop's fable "The Tortoise and the Hare". She is Tarō's and Otohime's childhood friend, and since very little she has held hostility towards Otohime, calling her with the

This is a document about The Hare and the Hedgehog
  Grimm's text follows exactly the one in the Hannoversches Volksblatt No. 51 of April 26, 1840, a copy of which Karl Georg Firnhaber made available to them in November 1840. Only a few spellings of the dialect were changed or provided with a translation in brackets. Only the title is now High German and short. Even ancient tales know fables about the race between slow and fast animals. One example is Aesop's The Tortoise and the Hare. According to Lutz Röhrich, in Africa the turtle outsmarts the elephant in a very similar way.

Aesop wrote the original fable of "The Tortoise and the Hare." However, the specific adaptations and illustrations mentioned in the background information were created by various artists and filmmakers, such as Ray Harryhausen, Walt Disney, and Jerry Pinkney.