Question: which type of membrane contains fluid between the visceral and parietal layers

Answer: serous membrane

This is a document about Serous membrane
  Serous membranes have two layers. The parietal layers of the membranes line the walls of the body cavity (pariet- refers to a cavity wall). The visceral layer of the membrane covers the organs (the viscera). Between the parietal and visceral layers is a very thin, fluid-filled serous space, or cavity.

This is a document about Anatomical terminology
   A serous membrane (also referred to as a serosa) is a thin membrane that covers the walls of organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. The serous membranes have two layers; parietal and visceral, surrounding a fluid filled space. The visceral layer of the membrane covers the organ (the viscera), and the parietal layer lines the walls of the body cavity (pariet- refers to a cavity wall). Between the parietal and visceral layers is a very thin, fluid-filled serous space, or cavity. For example, the pericardium is the serous cavity which surrounds the heart.

This is a document about Serous membrane
  In anatomy, serous membrane (or serosa) is a smooth tissue membrane of mesothelium lining the contents and inside wall of body cavities, which secrete serous fluid to allow lubricated sliding movements between opposing surfaces. The serous membrane that covers internal organs is called a visceral membrane; while the one that covers the cavity wall is called the parietal membrane. Between the two opposing serosal surfaces is often a potential space, mostly empty except for the small amount of serous fluid. The Latin anatomical name is tunica serosa. Serous membranes line and enclose several body cavities, also known as serous cavities, where they secrete a lubricating fluid which reduces friction from movements. Serosa is entirely different from the adventitia, a connective tissue layer which binds together structures rather than reducing friction between them. The serous membrane covering the heart and lining the mediastinum is referred to as the pericardium, the serous membrane lining the thoracic cavity and surrounding the lungs is referred to as the pleura, and that lining the abdominopelvic cavity and the viscera is referred to as the peritoneum.

This is a document about Serous membrane
 A serous membrane lines the pericardial cavity of the heart, and reflects back to cover the heart, much like an under-inflated balloon would form two layers surrounding a fist. Called the pericardium, this serous membrane is a two-layered sac that surrounds the entire heart except where blood vessels emerge on the heart’s superior side; ; The pleura is the serous membrane that surrounds the lungs in the pleural cavity; ; The peritoneum is the serous membrane that surrounds several organs in the abdominopelvic cavity. ; The tunica vaginalis is the serous membrane, which surrounds the male gonad, the testis. In the human body, there are three serous cavities with associated serous membranes: The two layers of serous membranes are named parietal and visceral. Between the two layers is a thin fluid filled space. The fluid is produced by the serous membranes and stays between the two layers to reduce friction between the walls of the cavities and the internal organs when they move with respect to one another, such as when the lungs inflate or the heart beats. Such movement could otherwise lead to inflammation of the organs.

This is a document about Serous membrane
 The epithelial layer, known as mesothelium, consists of a single layer of avascular flat nucleated cells (simple squamous epithelium) which produce the lubricating serous fluid. This fluid has a consistency similar to thin mucus. These cells are bound tightly to the underlying connective tissue. ; The connective tissue layer provides the blood vessels and nerves for the overlying secretory cells, and also serves as the binding layer which allows the whole serous membrane to adhere to organs and other structures. Each serous membrane is composed of a secretory epithelial layer and a connective tissue layer underneath. For the heart, the layers of the serous membrane are called the parietal pericardium, and the visceral pericardium (sometimes called the epicardium). Other parts of the body may also have specific names for these structures. For example, the serosa of the uterus is called

This is a document about Peritoneum
  The peritoneum is one continuous sheet, forming two layers and a potential space between them: the peritoneal cavity. The outer layer, the parietal peritoneum, is attached to the abdominal wall and the pelvic walls. The tunica vaginalis, the serous membrane covering the male testis, is derived from the vaginal process, an outpouching of the parietal peritoneum. The inner layer, the visceral peritoneum, is wrapped around the visceral organs, located inside the intraperitoneal space for protection. It is thinner than the parietal peritoneum. The mesentery is a double layer of visceral peritoneum that attaches to the gastrointestinal tract. There are often blood vessels, nerves, and other structures between these layers. The space between these two layers is technically outside of the peritoneal sac, and thus not in the peritoneal cavity. The potential space between these two layers is the peritoneal cavity, filled with a small amount (about 50 mL) of slippery serous fluid that allows the two layers to slide freely over each other.

This is a document about Abdominal cavity
  The abdominal cavity is lined with a protective membrane termed the peritoneum. The inside wall is covered by the parietal peritoneum. The kidneys are located behind the peritoneum, in the retroperitoneum, outside the abdominal cavity. The viscera are also covered by visceral peritoneum. Between the visceral and parietal peritoneum is the peritoneal cavity, which is a potential space. It contains a serous fluid called peritoneal fluid that allows motion. This motion is apparent of the gastrointestinal tract. The peritoneum, by virtue of its connection to the two (parietal and visceral) portions, gives support to the abdominal organs. The peritoneum divides the cavity into numerous compartments. One of these the lesser sac is located behind the stomach

This is a document about Pulmonary pleurae
  Each pleura comprises a superficial serosa made of a simple monolayer of flat (squamous) or cuboidal mesothelial cells with microvilli up to 6 um long. The mesothelium is without basement membrane, and supported by a well-vascularized underlying loose connective tissue containing two poorly defined layers of elastin-rich laminae. The costal parietal pleurae also have adipocytes in the subserosa, which present as subpleural/extrapleural fats and are histologically considered belonging to the endothoracic fascia that separates the subserosa from the inner periosteum of the ribs. Both pleurae are quite firmly attached to their underlying structures, and are usually covered by surface glycocalyces that limit fluid loss and reduce friction. The enclosed space between the parietal and visceral pleurae, known as the pleural space, is normally filled only by a tiny amount (less than 10 mL) of serous fluid secreted from the

This is a document about Bowman's capsule
 The vascular pole is the side with the afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole. ; The urinary pole is the side with the proximal convoluted tubule. Parietal layer—A single layer of simple squamous epithelium. Does not function in filtration. ; Bowman's space (or "urinary space", or "capsular space")—Between the visceral and parietal layers, into which the filtrate enters after passing through the filtration slits. ; Visceral layer—Lies just above the thickened glomerular basement membrane and is made of podocytes. Beneath the visceral layer lie the glomerular capillaries. ; Filtration barrier—The filtration barrier is composed of the fenestrated endothelium of the glomerular capillaries, the fused basal lamina of the endothelial cells and podocytes, and the filtration slits of the podocytes. The barrier permits

This is a document about Mesoderm
  The lateral plate mesoderm splits into parietal (somatic) and visceral (splanchnic) layers. The formation of these layers starts with the appearance of intercellular cavities. The somatic layer depends on a continuous layer with mesoderm that covers the amnion. The splanchnic depends on a continuous layer that covers the yolk sac. The two layers cover the intraembryonic cavity. The parietal layer together with overlying ectoderm forms the lateral body wall folds. The visceral layer forms the walls of the gut tube. Mesoderm cells of the parietal layer form the mesothelial membranes or serous membranes which line the peritoneal, pleural and pericardial cavities.

This is a document about Peritoneal cavity
  The peritoneal cavity is a potential space between the parietal peritoneum (the peritoneum that surrounds the abdominal wall) and visceral peritoneum (the peritoneum that surrounds the internal organs). The parietal and visceral peritonea are layers of the peritoneum named depending on their function/location. It is one of the spaces derived from the coelomic cavity of the embryo, the others being the pleural cavities around the lungs and the pericardial cavity around the heart. It is the largest serosal sac, and the largest fluid-filled cavity, in the body and secretes approximately 50 ml of fluid per day. This fluid acts as a lubricant and has anti-inflammatory properties. The pericardial cavity is divided into two compartments – one above, and one below the transverse colon.

This is a document about Fascia
 The outermost wall of the organ is known as the parietal layer ; The skin of the organ is known as the visceral layer. The organs have specialized names for their visceral fasciae. In the brain, they are known as meninges; in the heart they are known as pericardia; in the lungs, they are known as pleurae; and in the abdomen, they are known as peritonea. Visceral fascia (also called subserous fascia) suspends the organs within their cavities and wraps them in layers of connective tissue membranes. Each of the organs is covered in a double layer of fascia; these layers are separated by a thin serous membrane. Visceral fascia is less extensible than superficial fascia. Due to its suspensory role of the organs, it needs to maintain its tone rather consistently. If it is too lax, it contributes to organ prolapse, yet if it is hypertonic, it restricts proper organ motility.

This is a document about Ileum
  muscle arranged in circular bundles in the inner layer and in longitudinal bundles in the outer layer. Between the two layers is the myenteric plexus, formed by nervous tissue and also a part of the enteric nervous system. ; A serosa composed of mesothelium, a single layer of flat cells with varying quantities of underlying connective and adipose tissue. This layer represents the visceral peritoneum and is continuous with the mesentery. The four layers that make up the wall of the ileum are consistent with those of the gastrointestinal tract. From the inner to the outer surface, these are:

This is a document about Heart
  The pericardium is the sac that surrounds the heart. The tough outer surface of the pericardium is called the fibrous membrane. This is lined by a double inner membrane called the serous membrane that produces pericardial fluid to lubricate the surface of the heart. The part of the serous membrane attached to the fibrous membrane is called the parietal pericardium, while the part of the serous membrane attached to the heart is known as the visceral pericardium. The pericardium is present in order to lubricate its movement against other structures within the chest, to keep the heart's position stabilised within the chest, and to protect the heart from infection.

This is a document about Pericardial fluid
  Pericardial fluid is the serous fluid secreted by the serous layer of the pericardium into the pericardial cavity. The pericardium consists of two layers, an outer fibrous layer and the inner serous layer. This serous layer has two membranes which enclose the pericardial cavity into which is secreted the pericardial fluid. The fluid is similar to the cerebrospinal fluid of the brain which also serves to cushion and allow some movement of the organ.

This is a document about Mesothelium
  The mesothelium is a membrane composed of simple squamous epithelial cells of mesodermal origin, which forms the lining of several body cavities: the pleura (pleural cavity around the lungs), peritoneum (abdominopelvic cavity including the mesentery, omenta, falciform ligament and the perimetrium) and pericardium (around the heart). Mesothelial tissue also surrounds the male testis (as the tunica vaginalis) and occasionally the spermatic cord (in a patent processus vaginalis). Mesothelium that covers the internal organs is called visceral mesothelium, while one that covers the surrounding body walls is called the parietal mesothelium. The mesothelium that secretes serous fluid as a main function is also known as a serosa.

This is a document about Serous membrane
  perimetrium. The pericardial cavity (surrounding the heart), pleural cavity (surrounding the lungs) and peritoneal cavity (surrounding most organs of the abdomen) are the three serous cavities within the human body. While serous membranes have a lubricative role to play in all three cavities, in the pleural cavity it has a greater role to play in the function of breathing. The serous cavities are formed from the intraembryonic coelom and are basically an empty space within the body surrounded by serous membrane. Early in embryonic life visceral organs develop adjacent to a cavity and invaginate into the bag-like coelom. Therefore, each organ becomes surrounded by serous membrane - they do not lie within the serous cavity. The layer in contact with the organ is known as the visceral layer, while the parietal layer is in contact with the body wall.

This is a document about Hemopneumothorax
  The pleural space is located anatomically between the visceral membrane, which is firmly attached to the lungs, and the parietal membrane which is firmly attached to the chest wall (a.k.a. ribcage and intercostal muscles, muscles between the ribs). The pleural space contains pleural fluid. This fluid holds the two membranes together by surface tension, as much as a drop of water between two sheets of glass prevents them from separating. Because of this, when the intercostal muscles move the ribcage outward, the lungs are pulled out as well, dropping the pressure in the lungs and pulling air into the bronchi, when we 'breathe in'. The pleural space is maintained in a constant state of negative pressure (in

This is a document about Peritoneal dialysis
  per day of 2-3 liters per dwell, with each remaining in the abdomen for 4–8 hours. The viscera accounts for roughly four-fifths of the total surface area of the membrane, but the parietal peritoneum is the most important of the two portions for PD. Two complementary models explain dialysis across the membrane - the three-pore model (in which molecules are exchanged across membranes which sieve molecules, either proteins, electrolytes or water, based on the size of the pores) and the distributed model (which emphasizes the role of capillaries and the solution's ability to increase the number of active capillaries involved in PD). The high concentration of

This is a document about Serous fluid
  Saliva consists of mucus and serous fluid; the serous fluid contains the enzyme amylase, which is important for the digestion of carbohydrates. Minor salivary glands of von Ebner present on the tongue secrete the lipase. The parotid gland produces purely serous saliva. The other major salivary glands produce mixed (serous and mucus) saliva. Another type of serous fluid is secreted by the serous membranes (serosa), two-layered membranes which line the body cavities. Serous membrane fluid collects on microvilli on the outer layer and acts as a lubricant and reduces friction from muscle movement. This can be seen in the lungs, with the pleural cavity. Pericardial fluid is a serous

The serous membrane contains a thin, fluid-filled space between the visceral and parietal layers.


Question: star wars clone wars tv or movie first

Answer: film

This is a document about List of Star Wars: The Clone Wars episodes
  Star Wars: The Clone Wars is an American 3D CGI animated television series created by Lucasfilm Animation, Lucasfilm Animation Singapore, and CGCG Inc. The debut film was released in theaters on August 15, 2008; it served as the introduction of the series. The series made its debut on the American Cartoon Network on October 3, 2008. It is set in the fictional Star Wars galaxy during the three-year interim between Episode II – Attack of the Clones and Episode III – Revenge of the Sith (the same time period as the previous 2003 Clone Wars series). Each episode has a running time of 22 minutes, filling a half-hour time slot. Star Wars creator George Lucas originally claimed that at least 100 episodes would be produced. Lucasfilm

This is a document about Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)
  Star Wars: The Clone Wars is a computer-animated television series created by George Lucas. The series began with a theatrical feature film that was released on August 15, 2008, and debuted on Cartoon Network two months later on October 3, 2008. It is set in the fictional Star Wars galaxy during the three years between the prequel films Episode II: Attack of the Clones and Episode III: Revenge of the Sith. Being a reboot of the previous 2D series Star Wars: Clone Wars (2003–2005), each episode had a running time of approximately 22 minutes to fill a half-hour time slot instead of the

This is a document about List of Star Wars: The Clone Wars episodes
  The premiere episodes of Star Wars: The Clone Wars aired on October 3, 2008, and set a new record with Cartoon Network as their most-watched series premiere, attracting 3.992 million total viewers. The season finale, "Hostage Crisis", was broadcast on March 20, 2009, and the original broadcast received 3.297 million viewers. Season 1 depicted the attempts of the Republic and the Separatists to gain the allegiance of many planets and moons.

This is a document about Clone Wars (Star Wars)
  The Clone Wars was first depicted in Attack of the Clones, the release of which brought an end to Lucas's embargo on licensed material set during the era. Numerous novels, comic books, and video games exploring the conflict have been sanctioned by Lucas Licensing.

This is a document about Star Wars: The Clone Wars (film)
  Star Wars: The Clone Wars was made to serve as both a stand-alone story and a lead-in to the weekly animated TV series of the same name. George Lucas had the idea for a film after viewing some of the completed footage of the early episodes on the big screen. Those first few episodes, originally planned for release on television, were then woven together to form the theatrical release. Warner Bros. had tracked the series' development from the beginning, and Lucas decided on a theatrical launch after viewing early footage declaring "This is so beautiful, why don't we just go and use the crew and make a feature?" This decision helped convince

This is a document about Star Wars: The Clone Wars (film)
  child back to his father, Obi-Wan Kenobi and Padmé Amidala lead separate investigations to uncover Dooku and Ziro's plot. The Clone Wars premiered on August 10, 2008, at Grauman's Egyptian Theatre, followed by a wide release five days later. It received largely negative reviews, who criticized its story, animation, dialogue, action sequences and the decision to release the pilot episodes as a feature-length film. It grossed $68.3 million worldwide, making it the lowest-grossing Star Wars film to date. The film serves as the backdoor pilot to the television series of the same name, which premiered on Cartoon Network two months after the film's release.

This is a document about Clone Wars (Star Wars)
  The Clone Wars are a series of fictional conflicts in the Star Wars franchise by George Lucas. Though mentioned briefly in the first Star Wars film (A New Hope, 1977), the war itself was not depicted until Attack of the Clones (2002) and Revenge of the Sith (2005). The Clone Wars are also the setting for three eponymous projects: a 2D animated series (2003–2005), a CGI film (2008), and a 3D CGI series (2008–2014, 2020). They have featured in numerous Star Wars books and games. Within the Star Wars narrative, the Clone Wars involve a three-year war fought to prevent thousands of planetary systems from seceding from the Galactic Republic and forming the "Confederacy of Independent Systems", often referred to as "the Separatists". The Republic uses an army of clone troopers, the namesake of the conflict, led by the Jedi Order against the Separatist battle droid army. The

This is a document about Star Wars
  The Star Wars franchise has been spun off to various television productions, including two animated series released in the mid-1980s. Further animated series began to be released in the 2000s, the first two of which focused on the Clone Wars. After Disney's acquisition of Lucasfilm, only the later one remained canon. Eight live-action Star Wars series will be released on Disney+. The first, The Mandalorian, premiered on November 12, 2019. Star Wars won the 2020 Webby Award for Television & Film in the category Social. Disney+ later released the Ewoks movies and animated series, along the animated first appearance of Boba Fett, and the Clone Wars animated micro-series in a section called Star Wars Vintage, that section will also include the Droids animated series in the future. Certain aspects of the original Clone Wars micro-series are considered to not contradict the canon, while others do. A live-action spinoff of The Mandalorian, titled The Book of Boba Fett, was announced in December 2020 and is set to be released on December 29, 2021.

This is a document about List of Star Wars television series
  The Star Wars franchise has spawned multiple films and television series. Two animated series were released in the mid-1980s. Further animated series began to be released in the 2000s, the first two of which focused on the prequel trilogy-era Clone Wars. After Disney's acquisition of Lucasfilm, only The Clone Wars was kept in the canon of continuity of the episodic Star Wars films. Two additional half-hour animated series were created: Rebels, which ties into the original trilogy, and Resistance, which ties into the sequel trilogy. An additional series spun off from The Clone Wars, titled The Bad Batch, debuted on Disney+ in 2021. At least seven original Star Wars series will be released on Disney+. The first live-action series in the franchise, The Mandalorian, premiered in November 2019, and spawned three spin-offs, The Book of Boba Fett, Rangers of the New Republic and Ahsoka. Additional live-action series include Andor, Obi-Wan Kenobi, The Acolyte, and Lando.

This is a document about Star Wars: The Clone Wars (film)
  The Clone Wars premiered on August 10, 2008, at Grauman's Egyptian Theatre, followed by a wide release five days later. It received largely negative reviews for its story, animation and repetitive action sequences and grossed $68.3 million worldwide, making it the lowest-grossing Star Wars film to date.

This is a document about Star Wars: Clone Wars (2003 TV series)
  Star Wars: Clone Wars is an American animated television micro-series set in the Star Wars universe and developed and drawn by Genndy Tartakovsky. Produced, released and set between the Star Wars prequel trilogy films Episode II – Attack of the Clones and Episode III – Revenge of the Sith, it is amongst the first of many works to explore the conflict known as the Clone Wars. The show follows the actions of various prequel trilogy characters, notably Jedi and clone troopers, in their war against the droid armies of the Confederacy of Independent Systems and the Sith. Often described as 2D animation, the motion of the spaceships was computer enhanced 3D animation, as mentioned

This is a document about List of Star Wars books
  Since 2014, the official Star Wars canon includes all of the movie episodes, The Clone Wars film and the television shows Star Wars: The Clone Wars, Star Wars Rebels, and Star Wars Resistance, as well as any books, comics, and video games published after April 2014.

This is a document about Star Wars: Clone Wars (2003 TV series)
  the feature, "Bridging the Saga", on the DVD. The series aired on Cartoon Network for three seasons consisting of 25 episodes altogether from 2003 to 2005, and was the first Star Wars television series since Ewoks (1985–1986). The first two seasons of Clone Wars, released on DVD as "Volume One", were produced in episodes ranging from two to three minutes, while the third season consisted of five 12-minute episodes comprising "Volume Two". Since its release, the series has received critical acclaim and won multiple awards, including the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program for both volumes. Its success led to it being spun off as the half-hour CGI series The Clone Wars.

This is a document about Clone Wars (Star Wars)
  The 2D-animated Clone Wars series (2003–2005) depicts several Clone Wars battles and was meant to generate interest in Revenge of the Sith. It also depicts the prelude to the opening battle of Revenge of the Sith and Palpatine's capture by General Grievous. It was released on home video in two volumes. The original Clone Wars TV series is no longer considered canonical, since on 25 April 2014 The Walt Disney Company declared that all the existing Star Wars works and products except for the original and prequel films and the later The Clone Wars were now part of the separate Star Wars Legends continuity.

This is a document about List of Star Wars television series
   George Lucas created his own animation company, Lucasfilm Animation, and used it to produce his first in-house Star Wars CGI-animated series, using Cartoon Network's 2003 Clone Wars micro-series as a "pilot". The Clone Wars (2008–2020) was introduced through a 2008 animated film of the same name. The series is set between Attack of the Clones and Revenge of the Sith of the prequel trilogy. It focuses mainly on the Jedi characters of Anakin Skywalker and Obi-Wan Kenobi, as well as Anakin's Padawan apprentice, Ahsoka Tano (an original character created by Filoni for the series), with other characters from the live-action films in supporting roles. The series marked the beginning of Dave Filoni's involvement in Star Wars animation projects. After Disney's acquisition of the Star Wars franchise, The Clone Wars was cancelled in 2014 before its intended final episodes were completed. The remaining unaired episodes were released on Netflix as "The Lost Missions". The chronological storyline order was released after the series had initially finished airing. The film and series were included in the canon established in 2014. The show was later revived for an additional final season that premiered on February 21, 2020, on the streaming service Disney+.

This is a document about List of Star Wars television series actors
  Star Wars is a media franchise and shared fictional universe that is the setting of science fiction television series based on characters created by George Lucas. The first two series in the universe, Star Wars: Droids and Ewoks, began airing on ABC in 1985. Cartoon Network's Star Wars series began in 2003 with Star Wars: Clone Wars, followed by Star Wars: The Clone Wars in 2008. Additionally, the universe expanded to Disney XD with Star Wars Rebels in 2014, then to YouTube with Star Wars Forces of Destiny in 2017, and furthermore to Disney Channel with Star Wars Resistance in 2018. Those series will be followed

This is a document about Star Wars
  Many Star Wars series have been produced, both animated and live-action. The first being Star Wars: Droids in 1985, and the next being The Book of Boba Fett in December. The Mandalorian, the first live-action series to take place in the Star Wars universe, has spawned multiple spinoffs and inspired other live-action series to be created. Confirmed upcoming series include Andor, Ahsoka, Obi-Wan Kenobi, The Acolyte, and Lando.

This is a document about List of Star Wars cast members
  In 2008, the animated film Star Wars: The Clone Wars was released. It was followed by a television series of the same name within the same year. Four other series entitled Star Wars Rebels, Star Wars Forces of Destiny, Star Wars Resistance, and Star Wars: The Bad Batch premiered soon after. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%" ! rowspan="3" | Character ! rowspan="3" | Original actor ! Animated film ! colspan="5" | Animated series ! scope="col" style="width:10%;" | Star Wars:The Clone Wars ! scope="col" style="width:10%;" | Star Wars:The Clone Wars ! scope="col" style="width:10%;" | Star Wars Rebels ! scope="col" style="width:10%;" | Star Wars Forces of Destiny ! scope="col" style="width:10%;" | Star Wars Resistance ! scope="col" style="width:10%;" | Star Wars: The Bad Batch ! 2008! 2008–2014; 2020! 2014–2018! 2017–2018! 2018–2020! 2021! colspan="8" style="background:lightblue;" |

This is a document about Star Wars: The Clone Wars (film)
  Star Wars: The Clone Wars is a 2008 American computer-animated epic space opera film directed by Dave Filoni, produced by Lucasfilm Ltd. and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is the first fully animated film in the Star Wars franchise and takes place shortly after Episode II – Attack of the Clones, at the start of the titular Clone Wars. In the film, Count Dooku and Jabba the Hutt's uncle Ziro orchestrate a plan to turn Jabba against the Galactic Republic by framing the Jedi for the kidnapping of his son. While Anakin Skywalker and his newly assigned apprentice Ahsoka Tano attempt to deliver

This is a document about Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)
  Star Wars: The Clone Wars became the most-watched series premiere in Cartoon Network history. The series averaged 3 million total viewers in its debut, according to Nielsen Media Research. Cartoon Network said the Star Wars spin-off ranked as the number one channel among all major animated networks in the time slot among total viewers (the largest in the demographic for any premiere telecast of an original Cartoon series). On July 23, 2010, at the San Diego Comic-Con, Craig Glenday, editor of the Guinness World Records, presented Star Wars: The Clone Wars supervising director Dave Filoni, CG supervisor Joel Aron, and lead designer Kilian Plunkett a certificate proclaiming the cartoon series "the highest rated sci-fi animation currently on television". Tech Times said that, "while the Star Wars prequel films fail to make audiences care about characters like Anakin Skywalker, The Clone Wars succeeds." During May 2020, following the release of the seventh season on Disney+, The Clone Wars became the most streamed digital original show in the United States.

The Star Wars: The Clone Wars television series premiered on Cartoon Network on October 3, 2008, while the Star Wars: The Clone Wars movie was released on August 15, 2008. However, the movie was based on the television series and was released as a theatrical film after some of the episodes had already been aired on television.


Question: when was the last time somebody went to the moon

Answer: December 1972

This is a document about Discovery and exploration of the Solar System
  Crewed exploration of the Solar System ended in 1972. The first human being to reach space (defined as an altitude of over 100 km) and to orbit Earth was Yuri Gagarin, a Soviet cosmonaut who was launched in Vostok 1 on April 12, 1961. The first human to walk on the surface of another Solar System body was Neil Armstrong, who stepped onto the Moon on July 21, 1969 during the Apollo 11 mission; five more Moon landings occurred through 1972. The United States' reusable Space Shuttle flew 135 missions between 1981 and 2011. Two of the five shuttles were

This is a document about Apollo 17
  Apollo 17 (December 7 – 19, 1972) was the final Moon landing mission of NASA's Apollo program, the most recent time humans have set foot on the Moon or traveled beyond low Earth orbit. Its crew consisted of Commander Eugene Cernan, Lunar Module Pilot Harrison Schmitt, and Command Module Pilot Ronald Evans. Schmitt became the only professional geologist to have landed on the Moon, and the mission's heavy emphasis on science meant the inclusion of a number of new experiments, including a biological experiment containing five mice carried in the command module. Launched at 12:33 a.m. Eastern Standard Time (EST) on December 7, 1972, Apollo 17 was a "J-type" mission that included three days on the lunar

This is a document about List of Apollo astronauts
  December 1972. The 24 people who have flown to the Moon are the only people who have traveled beyond low Earth orbit. Ten of them are still living Jim Lovell, John Young, and Eugene Cernan are the only three people to have flown to the Moon twice. Young and Cernan each set foot on it during their respective second lunar missions, while Lovell is the only person to have flown to the Moon twice without landing. During Cernan's first lunar mission on Apollo 10, he tied the present record set by Bill Anders on Apollo 8 as the youngest person

This is a document about Neil Armstrong
  the moon smiling down at you, think of Neil Armstrong and give him a wink." It prompted many responses, including the Twitter hashtag "#WinkAtTheMoon". Buzz Aldrin called Armstrong "a true American hero and the best pilot I ever knew", and said he was disappointed that they would not be able to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Moon landing together in 2019. Michael Collins said, "He was the best, and I will miss him terribly." NASA Administrator Charles F. Bolden, Jr. said, "As long as there are history books, Neil Armstrong will be included in them, remembered for taking humankind's first small step on a world beyond our

This is a document about Moon landing
   A total of twelve men have landed on the Moon. This was accomplished with two US pilot-astronauts flying a Lunar Module on each of six NASA missions across a 41-month period starting 20 July 1969, with Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin on Apollo 11, and ending on 14 December 1972 with Gene Cernan and Jack Schmitt on Apollo 17. Cernan was the last man to step off the lunar surface. All Apollo lunar missions had a third crew member who remained on board the command module. The last three missions included a drivable lunar rover, the Lunar Roving Vehicle, for increased mobility.

This is a document about Harrison Schmitt
  76535, which has been called "without doubt the most interesting sample returned from the Moon". Among other distinctions, it is the central piece of evidence suggesting that the Moon once possessed an active magnetic field. As he returned to the Lunar Module before Cernan, Schmitt is the next-to-last person to have walked on the Moon's surface. Since the death of Cernan in 2017, Schmitt is the most recent person to have walked on the Moon who is still alive. After the completion of Apollo 17, Schmitt played an active role in documenting the Apollo geologic results and also took on the task of organizing NASA's Energy Program Office.

This is a document about NASA
  The first person to walk on the Moon was Neil Armstrong, who was followed 19 minutes later by Buzz Aldrin, while Michael Collins orbited above. Five subsequent Apollo missions also landed astronauts on the Moon, the last in December 1972. Throughout these six Apollo spaceflights, twelve men walked on the Moon. These missions returned a wealth of scientific data and 381.7 kg of lunar samples. Topics covered by experiments performed included soil mechanics, meteoroids, seismology, heat flow, lunar ranging, magnetic fields, and solar wind. The Moon landing marked the end of the space race; and as a gesture, Armstrong mentioned mankind when he stepped down on the Moon. Apollo set major milestones in

This is a document about List of Apollo astronauts
  Cernan, and is therefore the 12th and (at present) the last person to have stepped out onto the Moon, and when they re-entered the lunar module, Cernan stepped in last, after Schmitt, and is therefore (at present) the last person to have been on the Moon. Alan Shepard was the oldest person to walk on the Moon, at age 47 years and 80 days. Charles Duke was the youngest, at age 36 years and 201 days. Jim Lovell and Fred Haise were scheduled to walk on the Moon during the Apollo 13 mission, but the lunar landing was aborted following a major malfunction en route to the Moon.

This is a document about List of Apollo astronauts
  Besides the 12 people who have walked on the Moon, 12 more have flown to within 0.001 lunar distance of its surface. During each of the six missions with successful lunar landings, one astronaut remained in lunar orbit while the other two landed. In addition, the three-person crews of Apollo 8 and Apollo 10 also entered lunar orbit, and the crew of Apollo 13 looped around the Moon on a free-return trajectory. All nine crewed missions to the Moon took place as part of the Apollo program over a period of just under four years, from 21 December 1968 to

This is a document about Space technology
  17, 1970, as part of the Lunokhod program. To date, the last human to stand on the Moon was Eugene Cernan, who as part of the Apollo 17 mission, walked on the Moon in December 1972. Apollo 17 was followed by several uncrewed interplanetary missions operated by NASA. One of the notable interplanetary missions is Voyager 1, the first artificial object to leave our Solar System into interstellar space on August 25, 2012. It is also the most distant artificial object from Earth. The probe passed the heliopause at 121 AU to enter interstellar space. Voyager 1 is currently at a distance of 145.11 AU (21.708 billion kilometers; 13.489 billion miles) from Earth as of January 1, 2019.

This is a document about List of Apollo astronauts
  Twelve people have walked on the Moon, all of them as part of the Apollo program. Four of them are still living All of the crewed Apollo lunar landings took place between July 1969 and December 1972. Most astronauts at that time came from the military services and were considered to be on active duty during their NASA service; the few exceptions were considered civilian NASA astronauts (regardless of any prior military service). On each of the Apollo 17 extravehicular activities (EVAs), Harrison Schmitt and Eugene Cernan walked on the Moon. For their final EVA, Schmitt stepped out of the Apollo lunar module onto the surface of the Moon

This is a document about December 14
  Bangladesh as Martyred Intellectuals Day.) ; 1972 – Apollo program: Eugene Cernan is the last person to walk on the moon, after he and Harrison Schmitt complete the third and final extravehicular activity (EVA) of the Apollo 17 mission. ; 1981 – Arab–Israeli conflict: Israel's Knesset ratifies the Golan Heights Law, extending Israeli law to the Golan Heights. ; 1985 – Wilma Mankiller takes office as the first woman elected to serve as Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation. ; 1992 – War in Abkhazia: Siege of Tkvarcheli: A helicopter carrying evacuees from Tkvarcheli is shot down, resulting in at least 52 deaths, including 25 children. The incident catalyses more

This is a document about Moon
  Upcoming lunar missions include Russia's Luna-Glob: an uncrewed lander with a set of seismometers, and an orbiter based on its failed Martian Fobos-Grunt mission. Privately funded lunar exploration has been promoted by the Google Lunar X Prize, announced 13 September 2007, which offers US$20 million to anyone who can land a robotic rover on the Moon and meet other specified criteria. NASA began to plan to resume human missions following the call by U.S. President George W. Bush on 14 January 2004 for a human mission to the Moon by 2019 and the construction of a lunar base by 2024. The Constellation program was funded and construction and testing

This is a document about NASA Astronaut Group 4
  Moon. Once again, frustration boiled over. Associate Administrator Homer E. Newell Jr. spoke with the scientist astronauts, and took their case to NASA Administrator James C. Fletcher. Newell recommended that a scientist astronaut be assigned to the next Moon mission, and that two be assigned to each Skylab mission. Although Slayton insisted on two trained pilot astronauts for each Skylab mission, on August 13, 1971, Schmitt was named as part of the prime crew of Apollo 17. He would become the last man to step onto the lunar surface. The remaining three flew on Skylab missions, but only one per mission, as the "science pilot".

This is a document about Harrison Schmitt
  Harrison Hagan "Jack" Schmitt (born July 3, 1935) is an American geologist, retired NASA astronaut, university professor, former U.S. senator from New Mexico, and the most recent person living to have walked on the Moon. Schmitt is the last surviving crew member of Apollo 17 In December 1972, as one of the crew on board Apollo 17, Schmitt became the first member of NASA's first scientist-astronaut group to fly in space. As Apollo 17 was the last of the Apollo missions, he also became the twelfth and second-youngest person to set foot on the Moon and the second-to-last person to step off of the Moon (he boarded the Lunar Module

This is a document about Exploration of the Moon
  far side of the Moon in person. Humans first landed on the Moon on July 20, 1969. The first human to walk on the lunar surface was Neil Armstrong, commander of the U.S. mission Apollo 11. The first robot lunar rover to land on the Moon was the Soviet vessel Lunokhod 1 on November 17, 1970, as part of the Lunokhod programme. To date, the last human to stand on the Moon was Eugene Cernan, who as part of the Apollo 17 mission, walked on the Moon in December 1972. Moon rock samples were brought back to Earth by three Luna missions (Luna

This is a document about List of space travelers by nationality
  on the Columbia — STS-89 (1998), STS-107 (2003) ; Anousheh AnsariSymbol venus.svg*, fourth space tourist and first female space tourist — Soyuz TMA-9/8 (2006) ; Dominic A. Antonelli — STS-119 (2009), STS-132 (2010) ; Jerome Apt — STS-37 (1991), STS-47 (1992), STS-59 (1994), STS-79 (1996) ; Hayley ArceneauxSymbol venus.svg - Inspiration4 (2021) ; Lee Archambault — STS-117 (2007), STS-119 (2009) ; Neil Armstrong (1930–2012), first person to walk on the Moon — Gemini 8 (1966), Apollo 11 (1969) ; Richard R. Arnold — STS-119 (2009), Soyuz MS-08 (2018) ; Jeffrey Ashby — STS-93 (1999), STS-100 (2001), STS-112 (2002) ; Serena Auñón-ChancellorSymbol venus.svg - Soyuz MS-09 (2018)

This is a document about July 1969
 David Bowie's song "Space Oddity" (about a fictional astronaut, "Major Tom"), was released by Philips Records in conjunction with the expected launch of the Apollo 11 mission to the Moon. The song had been recorded three weeks earlier. ; The Sprague Electric Company delivered a 1.5 in diameter silicon disc to NASA, containing 73 "messages of good will from the leaders of the world's nations to be flown and left on the Moon" that had been inscribed microscopically. The medallion was placed on a package adhered to one of the sleeves of Buzz Aldrin's spacesuit, and was almost forgotten until Aldrin was climbing back into the lunar module before for departure on July 21.  Neil Armstrong reminded Aldrin of "that package" and Aldrin tossed it on to the lunar surface. ; Born: David Tao (Tao Xuzhong), Taiwanese R&B singer and songwriter; in Hong Kong

This is a document about December 1972
 The last draft call for induction of American adult males into the U.S. Armed Forces was made. As of the end of 2020, nobody has been summoned into drafted into military service in the U.S. in more than 48 years. Apollo 17 was launched from Cape Kennedy at 12:33 a.m. EST after a delay of nearly three hours. Carrying astronauts Gene Cernan, Ronald Evans, Harrison Schmitt, and five mice, the mission was the last manned trip to the Moon.  With an orbital trajectory that permitted a fully illuminated view of the entire planet, the crew snapped a famous image of the globe, colloquially called The Blue Marble.  After three hours, rockets were fired and the three astronauts of Apollo 17 became the last persons to go beyond the orbit of the Earth. ; Imelda Marcos, First Lady of the Philippines, was slashed repeatedly by a bolo knife–wielding assassin, who attacked her at an awards ceremony at the Nayong Pilipino theme park in Pasay. Mrs. Marcos required 75 stitches. ; Born: Hermann Maier, Austrian skier, in Altenmarkt im Pongau

This is a document about Apollo 11
  Kennedy Space Center countdown clock and two large video screens showing archival footage to recreate the time leading up to the moon landing. There were three shows per night on July 19–20, with the last show on Saturday, delayed slightly so the portion where Armstrong first set foot on the Moon would happen exactly 50 years to the second after the actual event. On July 19, 2019, the Google Doodle paid tribute to the Apollo 11 Moon Landing, complete with a link to an animated YouTube video with voiceover by astronaut Michael Collins. Aldrin, Collins, and Armstrong's sons were hosted by President Donald Trump in the Oval Office.

The last time a person went to the moon was during the Apollo 17 mission on December 11, 1972.


Question: who wrote it 's my party and i 'll cry if i want to

Answer: Seymour Gottlieb

This is a document about Judy's Turn to Cry
  "Judy's Turn to Cry" is a song written by Beverly Ross and Edna Lewis that was originally released by Lesley Gore in 1963. The song was produced by Quincy Jones, who also produced Gore's prior hit "It's My Party". It was released on Gore's first album I'll Cry If I Want To and also as a single which reached #5 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and #10 on the Billboard R&B singles chart. The single earned a gold record. When "It's My Party" entered the Billboard Hot 100 on May 11, 1963, Gore's label, Mercury Records rushed to record a sequel. The sequel, "Judy's Turn to

This is a document about I'll Cry If I Want To
  I'll Cry If I Want To is the debut album of Lesley Gore. The album included her hit singles "It's My Party" and its follow-up, "Judy's Turn to Cry". The album was rushed out after "It's My Party" became a big hit, and the songs are mostly about crying, linking to the hit single's first line "It's my party and I'll cry if I want to", incorporating songs with titles such as "Cry", "Just Let Me Cry" and "Cry and You Cry Alone". Besides the hit singles, the album included pop standards such as "Misty", "Cry Me a River" and "What Kind of Fool Am I?". The album reached number 24 on the US Billboard 200. Edsel Records released the album on Compact Disc in 2000 in combination with Gore's second album, Lesley Gore Sings of Mixed-Up Hearts. The album was named the 181st best album of the 1960s by Pitchfork.

This is a document about It's My Party (Lesley Gore song)
  The song lyrically portrays the discomfort of a teenage girl at her birthday party when her boyfriend Johnny disappears, only to return in the company of Judy, another girl, who is "wearing his ring", to indicate he has replaced the birthday girl as his love interest. The song's chorus, "It's my party, and I'll cry if I want to... You would cry too if it happened to you!" became a part of American pop cultural language as a phrase used to describe being utterly humiliated and miserable during an event that is supposed to be a happy occasion. "It's My Party" is in the key of A major. The song's effectiveness is enhanced by several musical touches that producer Quincy Jones incorporated, including Latin-sounding rhythms, double tracked vocals and effective horn parts. Allmusic critic Jason Ankeny wrote of the song, It's My Party' remains one of the most vivid evocations of adolescent heartbreak ever waxed—Quincy Jones produced the record, although you'd swear it was Aaron Spelling instead."

This is a document about WCBN-FM
  protest in November 1980 when a DJ on the station began playing Lesley Gore's "It's My Party (and I'll Cry if I Want To)" continuously for hours when President Ronald Reagan was first elected. Other DJs joined in and the protest ended up lasting for a number of days. WCBN was created in 1952 when three existing carrier current broadcasting systems on campus pooled resources. WCBN-AM college radio could be tuned to in University buildings at 640 kHz. Programming was coordinated between the existing broadcast facilities. In 1956 WCBN hosted the first meeting of the National Association of College Broadcasters. Until 1958, South, East and West Quad

This is a document about Judy's Turn to Cry
  was recorded on May 14, 1963. In "It's My Party," the singer was in tears because her boyfriend Johnny left with her best friend Judy. In "Judy's Turn to Cry," the singer kisses another boy at another party in order to make Johnny jealous and Johnny hits the other boy and returns to her. In the chorus, which also opens the song, the triumphant singer gloats that "Well now it's Judy's turn to cry, Judy's turn to cry, Judy's turn to cry; 'cause Johnny's come back to me." Until then the singer's "tears just fell like rain drops" because "Judy's smile was so mean." With its emphasis

This is a document about It's My Party (Lesley Gore song)
  "It's My Party" was credited to John Gluck, Wally Gold and Herb Weiner, staff writers at the Aaron Schroeder Music firm in 1962. The lyrics were actually written by Seymour Gottlieb, a freelance songwriter. He gave the lyrics to Herb Weiner, with whom he partnered in writing songs, to peddle. It was based on actual events relating to Gottlieb's daughter Judy's ‘Sweet 16’ party, before which she cried over the prospect of her grandparents being invited. The demo for the song was cut by Barbara Jean English, a girl group veteran (the Clickettes, the Fashions), who was then working as a receptionist

This is a document about It's My Party (Jessie J song)
  "It's My Party" is a mid-tempo song in the key of A major, written by Jessie J, Claude Kelly John Lardieri & Colin Norman. The song received its first radio play on Capital FM on 5 August 2013 and was released on 15 September 2013. The song shares its title with Lesley Gore's 1963 hit song. Speaking on the syndicated radio show, In:Demand with Alex James, Jessie revealed that it was her detractors who inspired the song. "A lot of the time the haters – I hate calling them haters but that's the easiest way to sum it up – they need love more so than anyone else," she said. "I don't think hate does anything for the world. It doesn't do any good. I wanted to make sure I had a song that represented what I'm about."

This is a document about Melanie Martinez
  On June 1, 2015, Martinez released the single "Pity Party", which was certified gold by the RIAA, and the chorus of which samples Lesley Gore's "It's My Party". On July 10, 2015, Martinez released the album's second single "Soap". The official music video has over thirty million views on YouTube. It reached number twelve on the Alternative Digital Songs chart, and number sixteen on the Pop Digital Songs chart. "Sippy Cup" followed on July 31, followed by the album fourteen days later. Cry Baby was released on August 14, 2015, to moderate critical acclaim. The album debuted at number 6 on the Billboard 200. Martinez released a Christmas-themed single, "Gingerbread Man", in

This is a document about Ellie Greenwich
  Building composers. Greenwich and Barry began dating after his marriage was annulled, but musically they continued separate careers. Still in college, in 1962, Greenwich got her first break in the business when she traveled to the Brill Building to meet John Gluck, Jr., one of the composers of the Lesley Gore hit "It's My Party". Needing to keep another appointment, Gluck installed Greenwich in an office and asked her to wait. The office turned out to be that of songwriter-producers Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller. Hearing piano music from the cubicle, Leiber poked his head in and, expecting Carole King, was startled to see Greenwich,

This is a document about Jo-Anne Nadler
  I'll cry if I want to was published by Simon and Schuster in 2005. It used the structure of a personal memoir to tell the wider story of the changing fate of the Conservative Party in the years since 1979. The book was well reviewed and brought her further work as a political commentator and author who makes regular appearances on radio and television, as well as writing for various newspapers and magazines. She has appeared on programmes as diverse as BBC One's Question Time, Channel 5's The Wright Stuff and BBC Radio 4's Any Questions. Written contributions include articles for The Guardian, The Scotsman and The Spectator.

This is a document about Kitten (band)
  In June 2019, Kitten announced that they would be covering a song by an LGBT musician each week of Pride Month. The covers, which were shared via PAPER Magazine, included "Your Song" by Elton John, "It's My Party" by Lesley Gore, and "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me" by Culture Club. On August 15, 2019, Kitten shared a new song, "Memphis", and announced an upcoming extended play. The title of the EP was initially revealed to be Honeymoon Phase, but it was later renamed Goodbye Honeymoon Phase. The day after its premiere, "Memphis" was officially released as a single, and its music video was shared. The EP's title track was released as the second single on

This is a document about The War Room with Quinn and Rose
  by Kindred the Family Soul ; San Francisco Heads-Up: "San Francisco" by Scott McKenzie ; Democrat Heads-Up: "Surrender to Love" by Kindred the Family Soul/"It's My Party and I'll Cry If I Want To" by Lesley Gore ; America Heads-Up: "Living in America" by James Brown ; Animal rights Heads-Up: "Wabbit Slayer" by Ozzy Fudd ; Government Heads-Up: "For What It's Worth" by Buffalo Springfield ; Euro-Weenie Heads-Up: "Springtime for Hitler" from The Producers soundtrack ; Greeny-Weenie Heads-Up: "Bein' Green" by Kermit the Frog ; New World Order Heads-Up: "Bidding America Goodbye (The Auction)" by Tanya Tucker ; Peacenik/Cindy Sheehan Heads-Up: "I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing"

This is a document about Dave Stewart (keyboardist)
  recruited friend and former Hatfield backing vocalist Barbara Gaskin to record a version of the 1960s teen lament "It's My Party". Released in the autumn of 1981, the single reached No. 1 in Britain and Germany and topped the UK charts for four weeks. It also peaked at No.4 in Australia Stewart and Gaskin have worked together ever since and have released seven albums. The duo occasionally play live gigs augmented by either Andy Reynolds (1990-2009) or Beren Matthews (2018 onwards) on guitar, and have performed in Tokyo (September 2001) and London (August 2018) as a quartet with Gavin Harrison

This is a document about Pity Party (song)
  "Pity Party" is a song by American recording artist Melanie Martinez based on the 1963 Lesley Gore hit "It's My Party". It was released as the lead single from her debut album, Cry Baby (2015), on June 2, 2015. The music video was released on June 1, 2015. It impacted contemporary hit radio on March 22, 2016.

This is a document about Tucker Cawley
 "...and I'll Cry If I Want to"

This is a document about The Marvelous Wonderettes
  it is Betty Jean's birthday as she takes the stage to relate what she's been up to since high school; she has been working at the neighborhood hardware store with her husband, the boy who used to cheat on her with Cindy Lou. It turns out things between her and her husband are just as bumpy now as they used to be. Lamenting, Betty Jean sings "I Only Want to Be With You". At the conclusion of her song she notices her husband spending time with Judy Carter. She sings "That's When The Tears Start" followed by "It's My Party". Cindy Lou attempts to comfort her, but Betty Jean is still angry with her about

This is a document about Lesley Gore: It's My Party
 Disc one ; 1) "Hello, Young Lover (You Ain't Gonna Get My Heart)" (Paul Anka) ; 2) "Something Wonderful" (Oscar Hammerstein II/Richard Rodgers) ; 3) "It's My Party" (John Gluck Jr./Wally Gold/Herbert Weiner) ; 4) "Danny" (Anka) ; 5) "The Party's Over" (Betty Comden/Adolph Green/Jule Styne) ; 6) "Judy's Turn to Cry" (Edna Lewis/Beverly Ross) ; 7) "Just Let Me Cry" (Mark Barkan/Ben Raleigh) ; 8) "Misty" (Johnny Burke/Erroll Garner) ; 9) "Cry Me a River" (Arthur Hamilton) ; 10) "I Would" (Kurt Feltz/Lewis/Werner Scharfenberger) ; 11) "No More Tears (Left to Cry)" (Barkan/Sandy Baron) ; 12) "Cry and You

This is a document about It's My Party (Lesley Gore song)
  "It's My Party" is a pop song that has been recorded by numerous artists since the 1960s. In 1963, American singer Lesley Gore's version hit number one on the pop and rhythm and blues charts in the United States. It was the first hit single for producer Quincy Jones.

This is a document about Judy's Turn to Cry
  crying—in this case Judy rather than the singer—the song fit in with the theme of the album I'll Cry If I Want To, in which most of the songs involved someone crying. The song's instrumentation includes drums and horns. Allmusic critic Joe Viglione describes "Judy's Turn to Cry" as having "a monstrous hook as valuable as 'It's My Party' with violence that may have been inspired by The Crystals pushing the envelope with their withdrawn classic 'He Hit Me (It Felt Like a Kiss)'". Viglione also notes that because both "It's My Party" and "Judy's Turn to Cry" are short, both at just under 2:20, and

This is a document about I'll Cry Instead
  "I'll Cry Instead" is a song written by John Lennon (credited to Lennon–McCartney), and recorded by the English rock band the Beatles for their third studio album, A Hard Day's Night (1964), a part-studio and part-soundtrack album to their film of the same name (1964). The song was released as a single in the US and later appeared on the album Something New in the US.

The song "It's My Party (And I'll Cry If I Want To)" was written by Beverly Ross and Edna Lewis.


Question: who founded the first real centralized empire in china

Answer: First Qin Emperor

This is a document about Xianyang
  then the capital for over 140 years. It was located in the modern day Shaanxi province on the northern bank of the Wei River, on the opposite side of which Liu Bang would later build the Han dynasty capital of Chang'an once he became emperor. In 221 BC, Qin Shi Huang eliminated all six other warring states to establish the first centralized empire in Chinese history. Xianyang became the center of politics, economy and culture of the Qin empire. Noble families were compelled to move into Xianyang, and the realm's weapons were gathered in the city to be melted and

This is a document about Qin Shi Huang
  Qin Shi Huang (, ; 18 February 259 – 10 September 210) was the founder of the Qin dynasty, and first emperor of a unified China. From 247 to 221 BC he was Zheng, King of Qin (秦王政, Qín Wáng Zhèng, personal name 嬴政 Yíng Zhèng or 趙政 Zhào Zhèng). He became China's first emperor when he was 38 after the Qin had conquered all of the other Warring States and unified all of China in 221 BC. Rather than maintain the title of "king" (王 wáng) borne by the previous Shang and Zhou rulers, he ruled as the First Emperor (始皇帝) of the Qin dynasty from 221 BC to 210 BC. His self-invented title "emperor" (皇帝 ) would continue to be borne by Chinese rulers for the next two millennia. During his reign, his generals greatly expanded the size

This is a document about Han dynasty
  China's first imperial dynasty was the Qin dynasty (221–207 BC). The Qin united the Chinese Warring States by conquest, but their regime became unstable after the death of the first emperor Qin Shi Huang. Within four years, the dynasty's authority had collapsed in the face of rebellion. Two former rebel leaders, Xiang Yu (d. 202 BC) of Chu and Liu Bang (d. 195 BC) of Han, engaged in a war to decide who would become hegemon of China, which had fissured into 18 kingdoms, each claiming allegiance to either Xiang Yu or Liu Bang. Although Xiang Yu proved to be an effective

This is a document about History of Asia
  One leader eventually came on top, Qin Shi Huang (, Shǐ Huángdì), who overthrew the last Zhou emperor and established the Qin dynasty. The Qin dynasty (Chinese: 秦朝; pinyin: Qín Cháo) was the first ruling dynasty of Imperial China, lasting from 221 to 207 BCE. The new Emperor abolished the feudal system and directly appointed a bureaucracy that would rely on him for power. Huang's imperial forces crushed any regional resistance, and they furthered the Chinese empire by expanding down to the South China Sea and northern Vietnam. Greater organization brought a uniform tax system, a national census, regulated road building (and cart width), standard measurements, standard coinage, and an official written and spoken language. Further reforms included new irrigation projects,

This is a document about Military history of China before 1911
  In 221 BC, the Qin unified China and ushered in the Imperial Era of Chinese history. Although it only lasted 15 years, Qin established institutions that would last for millennia. Qin Shi Huan, titling himself as the "First Emperor", standardized writing systems, weights, coinage, and even the axle lengths of carts. To reduce the chance of rebellion, he made the private possession of weapons illegal. In order to increase the rapid deployment of troops, thousands of miles of roads were built, along with canals that allowed boats to travel long distances. For the rest of Chinese history, a centralized empire was the norm. During the Qin

This is a document about Qin dynasty
  The Qin dynasty, or Ch'in dynasty in Wade–Giles romanization, was the first dynasty of Imperial China, lasting from 221 to 206 BC. Named for its heartland in Qin state (modern Gansu and Shaanxi), the dynasty was founded by Qin Shi Huang, the First Emperor of Qin. The strength of the Qin state was greatly increased by the Legalist reforms of Shang Yang in the fourth century BC, during the Warring States period. In the mid and late third century BC, the Qin state carried out a series of swift conquests, first ending the powerless Zhou dynasty and eventually conquering the other six of the Seven Warring States. Its 15 years

This is a document about List of national founders
  For a list of founders of major Chinese dynasties, see Dynasties in Chinese history. The Yellow Thearch is revered as the legendary initiator of Chinese civilization, one of the cradles of civilization. Yu the Great is conventionally regarded as having inaugurated dynastic rule in China by establishing the Xia dynasty, the first orthodox dynasty of China, in circa 2070 BC. In 221 BC, the State of Qin completed the conquest of the various Chinese kingdoms of the Warring States period and formed the first unified Chinese empire, the Qin dynasty. Its monarch then took the title of Huángdì (皇帝; "Emperor") to reflect his prestigious status vis-à-vis prior rulers,

This is a document about Inner Mongolia
  Dí state of Zhongshan in what is now Hebei province, he defeated the Linhu and Loufan and created the Yunzhong Commandery near modern Hohhot. King Wuling of Zhao also built a long wall stretching through the Hetao region. After Qin Shi Huang created the first unified Chinese empire in 221 BC, he sent the general Meng Tian to drive the Xiongnu from the region and incorporated the old Zhao wall into the Qin dynasty Great Wall of China. He also maintained two commanderies in the region: Jiuyuan and Yunzhong and moved 30,000 households there to solidify the region. After

This is a document about Ancient history
  governed under the new local administrative system of commandery and prefecture. This system had been in use since the Spring and Autumn period and parts can still be seen in the modern system of Sheng and Xian (province and county). The final expansion in this period began during the reign of Ying Zheng, the king of Qin. His unification of the other six powers, and further annexations in the modern regions of Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi in 214 BC enabled him to proclaim himself the First Emperor (Qin Shi Huangdi). Qin Shi Huangdi ruled the unified China directly with absolute power. In contrast

This is a document about Meng Tian
  unified China in 221 BC, the nomadic Xiongnu had grown into a powerful invading force in the north and started expanding both east and west. Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of the Qin dynasty, sent a 300,000-strong army headed by Meng Tian to drive the Xiongnu northward for 1,000 li (about 416 km) and began work on what has become known as the Great Wall to guard against invasion. The defensive works he began were said to extend over 10,000 li (4,158 km) "from Lintao to Liaodong and even extended across the Yellow River and through Yangshan and Beijia.", that is, from the southwest corner of the Ordos Loop to

This is a document about Shandong
  The Qin dynasty conquered Qi and founded the first centralized Chinese state in 221 BC. The Han dynasty that followed created several commanderies supervised by two regions (刺史部) in what is now modern Shandong: Qingzhou (青州) in the north and Yanzhou (兗州) in the south. During the division of the Three Kingdoms, Shandong belonged to the Cao Wei, which ruled over northern China. After the Three Kingdoms period, a brief period of unity under the Western Jin dynasty gave way to invasions by nomadic peoples from the north. Northern China, including Shandong, was overrun. Over the next century or so, Shandong changed hands several times, falling to the Later Zhao, then Former Yan, then Former Qin, then Later Yan, then Southern Yan, then the Liu

This is a document about Four occupations
  China, replacing it with a centralized, bureaucratic government. The form of government created by the first emperor and his advisors was used by later dynasties to structure their own government. Under this system, the government thrived, as talented individuals could be more easily identified in the transformed society. However, the Qin became infamous for its oppressive measures, and so collapsed into a state of civil war after the death of the Emperor.  The victor of this war was Liu Bang, who initiated four centuries of unification of China proper under the Han dynasty (202 BC–AD 220). In 165 BC, Emperor Wen introduced the first method of recruitment to civil service through

This is a document about Xi'an
  Following the Warring States period, China was unified under the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) for the first time, with the capital located at Xianyang, just northwest of modern Xi'an. The first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang ordered the construction of the Terracotta Army and his mausoleum just to the east of Xi'an almost immediately after his ascension to the throne. In 202 BC, the founding emperor Liu Bang of the Han dynasty established his capital in Chang'an County; his first palace, Changle Palace (長樂宮, "Perpetual Happiness") was built across the river from the ruin of the Qin capital. This is traditionally regarded as the founding date of Chang'an. Two years later, Liu Bang built Weiyang Palace

This is a document about Henan
  Ying Zheng, the leader of Qin, crowned himself (220 BCE) as the First Emperor. He abolished the feudal system and centralized all powers, establishing the Qin dynasty and unifying the core of the Han Chinese homeland for the first time. The empire quickly collapsed after the death (210 BCE) of Ying Zheng and was replaced by the Han dynasty in 206 BC, with its capital at Chang'an. Thus, a golden age of Chinese culture, economy, and military power began. The capital moved east to Luoyang in 25 AD, in response to a coup in Chang'an that created the short-lived Xin dynasty. Luoyang

This is a document about Government of the Han dynasty
   Qin Shi Huang, the first ruler of the Qin dynasty, established China's imperial system of government in 221 BC after unifying the Seven Warring States through conquest, bringing to an end the Warring States period. For a time, the rulers of the warring states claimed nominal allegiance to an overlord king of the Zhou dynasty (c. 1050 – 256 BC), yet the Zhou kings' political power and prestige was less than that of later Chinese emperors. The imperial system fell apart after the fall of Qin in 206 BC. However, following Han's victory over Chu, the King of Han reestablished the imperial system and is known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu (r. 202–195 BC). The Han system of imperial government borrowed many of its core features from the regime established by the Qin dynasty. For example, Gaozu's Chancellor Xiao He (d. 193 BC) integrated much of the

This is a document about Qin's wars of unification
   In 221 BC, after the conquest of Qi, Ying Zheng declared himself "Qin Shi Huang" (literally "First Emperor of Qin") and established the Qin dynasty. The Qin Empire was divided into 36 commanderies, with Xianyang (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi) as the imperial capital. The emperor's expansionist ambitions did not end with the unification of China. In 215 BC, he ordered Meng Tian to lead more than 300,000 troops to march towards the eastern steppe and drive away the nomadic Xiongnu who had been encroaching the territory since during the Warring States period. Following a major victory against the Xiongnu, Qin forces reinforced and built a fortification, which became the Great

This is a document about Emperor Gaozu of Han
  Emperor Gaozu of Han (256 – 1 June 195 BC), born Liu Bang with courtesy name Ji (季), was the founder and first emperor of the Han dynasty, reigning in 202–195 BC. His temple name was "Taizu" while his posthumous name was Emperor Gao, or Gaodi; "Gaozu of Han", derived from the Records of the Grand Historian, is the common way of referring to this sovereign even though he was not accorded the temple name "Gaozu", which literally means "High Founder". Liu Bang was one of the few dynasty founders in Chinese history who was born into a peasant family. Prior to coming to power, Liu Bang initially served for the Qin dynasty as a minor law enforcement officer in his

This is a document about Fuzhou
  The First Emperor of Qin unified ancient China in 221 BC and desired to bring the southern and southeast regions under Chinese rule. The Qin dynasty organized its territory into "Commanderies" —roughly equivalent to a province or prefecture—and the Fujian area was organized as Minzhong Commandery (閩中郡). The area seems to have continued mostly independent of Chinese control for the next century. The Han dynasty followed the short-lived Qin, and Emperor Gaozu of Han declared both Minyue and neighboring Nanyue to be autonomous vassal kingdoms. In 202 BC, Emperor Gaozu enfeoffed a leader named Wuzhu (無諸; Old Chinese: Matya) as

This is a document about Legalism (Chinese philosophy)
   Guided by Legalist thought, the First Qin Emperor Qin Shi Huang conquered and unified the China's warring states into thirty-six administrative provinces, under what is commonly thought of as the first Chinese empire, the Qin dynasty. The Qin document "On the Way of Being an Official" proclaims the ideal official as a responsive conduit, transmitting the facts of his locale to the court, and its orders, without interposing his own will or ideas. It charges the official to obey his superiors, limit his desires, and to build roads to smooth the transmitting of directives from the center without modification. It praises loyalty, absence of bias, deference, and the appraisal of facts. The

This is a document about History of the Han dynasty
  The Zhou dynasty (c. 1050–256 BCE) had made the State of Qin in Western China as an outpost to breed horses and act as a defensive buffer against nomadic armies of the Rong, Qiang, and Di peoples. After conquering six Warring States (i.e. Han, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan, and Qi) by 221 BCE, the King of Qin, Ying Zheng, unified China under one empire divided into 36 centrally-controlled commanderies. With control over much of China proper, he affirmed his enhanced prestige by taking the unprecedented title huangdi, or 'emperor', known thereafter as Qin Shi Huang (i.e. the first emperor of Qin). Han-era historians would accuse his regime of employing ruthless methods to preserve his rule. Qin Shi Huang

Qin Shi Huang, the founder of the Qin dynasty in 221 BC, is considered the first real centralized emperor of China. He established a bureaucracy, standardized weights and measures, and implemented a unified taxation system, among other reforms.


Question: how many spaces can you move a king in chess

Answer: one square

This is a document about Dynamo chess
  differs from Push Chess, which does not permit such "stationary moves".) Kings are not allowed to move off the board as part of a pull move. A pawn advancing one space (or two, if moving from its starting rank) can push a friendly piece the same number of spaces forward. If a pawn is pushed back from its starting rank, it can advance only one square forward, thus returning to the starting rank. Once back at its starting rank, it is again able to advance two spaces forward. A pawn that could capture an opponent's piece under the rules of orthodox chess can push that piece one space

This is a document about 5D Chess with Multiverse Time Travel
  squares vertically and three turns into the past. Knights move two spaces on one axis and one on another axis – for example, a knight may move to any adjacent space into a timeline that is two timelines away. Kings move one space in any number of axes. For example, a valid move for a king is to simultaneously go one space over horizontally, into an "adjacent" timeline, and one turn into that timeline's past. Queens move any number of spaces equally on any number of axes. A valid move for a queen could be moving 4 spaces vertically, 4 horizontally, into a timeline that is 4 timelines away, and 4 turns into that timeline's

This is a document about American Pool Checkers
  is removed from his piece. A player may not capture an opponent more than one time. A player may not capture his own pieces. Another difference is that kings are flying kings. A king can jump any number of squares forward and backward. A king can make right turns after a jump and continue along another path after successfully taking an opponent. A king must also make all the possible jumps during a sequence. If the condition arises that one player has three kings and the other has just one king, the player who has the three kings must win within thirteen moves (even if the fourteenth move is a capture).

This is a document about Dameo
 The player with the lighter pieces moves first. Then turns alternate. ; The pieces, called men, can only move forward, either straight ahead or diagonally. ; In addition, men can jump over one or more other subsequent men of the same color in a straight line forward or diagonally, provided that the square ahead of the line is free. ; When a man reaches the last row of the opposite side of the board, it is crowned, or promoted, to a king. The king can move in 8 directions to any available number of cells, like a queen in chess.

This is a document about Frisian draughts
 A piece is crowned if it stops on the far edge of the board at the end of its turn (that is, not if it reaches the edge but must then jump another piece backward). Another piece is placed on top of it to mark it. Crowned pieces, called kings, can move freely multiple steps in any diagonal direction. ; A king may only move three times in a row unless it makes a capture. Otherwise the player must move another piece. If the player has only kings on the board this rule does not apply.

This is a document about Millennium 3D chess
 A king can move one square up or down in addition to its regular movement. ; A knight's L‑shaped move can involve moving one or two steps up or down, with the remaining moves either two steps or one step orthoganally. As in standard chess, the knight is the only piece able to "jump" over other pieces. ; A bishop can move up or down one or two boards, as long as it also moves the same number of squares in a diagonal direction. ; A rook can move vertically up and down while not moving in the other two dimensions. Additionally, a rook can move an equal number of squares vertically as it does in one of the lateral dimensions.

This is a document about Makruk
  then one space perpendicular to that movement. It jumps over any pieces in the way. The rook (called เรือ ruea in Thai, meaning a boat) moves like a rook in western chess: any number of spaces orthogonally. The king (called ขุน khun in Thai, meaning either a feudal lord or a title-holder of the lowest ranks in the ancient Thai nobility) moves like a king in western chess, one space in any direction. The game ends when the king is checkmated. Unlike shatranj, the game ends as a draw if the king is stalemated.       In starting position, pawns are placed on the third and sixth ranks. Queens are placed at the right side of kings. Pawns promote to (เบี้ยหงาย bia ngai, overturned cowrie shells, and move like queens when they reach the sixth rank.

This is a document about Chessence
  has the ability to move in more than one way. Likewise, if a man has no position relationship defined above, that man cannot move. The king has no bearing on how the other men may move. A man may not move to, nor through, a non-existent (blackened-out) square; except that a man moving as a knight may jump over a non-existent square. For a turn, a player may move a man on the board, or alternatively, they may put one of their reserve men in play by placing it on any of their six initial starting squares that are currently open. Checks, checkmate, and captures are as in standard chess. If a player has no legal moves, they lose the game.

This is a document about Brax (game)
  cannot, for example, move one space forward, and then one space back in one turn, and thus repeat the previous position. If the line is the color of the other player, then the piece may only move one space. 5. A piece captures an enemy piece by displacement as in Chess. A piece moves into the same space as the enemy piece, and the enemy piece is removed. It is possible that one player's piece can capture two enemy pieces in one turn. This happens when the player's piece is able to move two spaces on its own colored line, and displacing the two enemy

This is a document about Willi Schlage
  one's king next to a square, the opponent's king is prevented from moving to that square on the following move. This technique is referred to as "bodychecking", or "shouldering". By playing 2. Kd5!, White forces Black to make a waiting move at some point, which loses time and fails to access c7. Second, the geometry of the chessboard—and the movement of the pieces—is non-Euclidian: a king can follow advantageous diagonal paths and still reach a given square in the same number of moves as if it had moved along a "straight line" in a given or. The chessboard and certain pieces' movements are more akin to taxicab geometry; the king's movement, specifically, follows the Chebyshev metric.

This is a document about Sáhkku
 (A) The king moves like the soldiers of the player who currently controls it. ; (B) The king moves backwards or forwards. ; (C) The king can move orthogonally right, left, up, and down. Several different rules for how one may move the king exist. The following overview is not exhaustive.

This is a document about Fairy chess piece
  can instead be a number, which is a limitation on how many times the leap motion can be repeated; for example, W4 describes a rook limited to 4 spaces of movement. Combining multiple movement letters into a string means the piece can use any of the available options. For example, WF describes a king, capable of moving one space orthogonally or diagonally. Standard chess pieces except pawns (which are particularly complex) and knights (which are a basic leap movement) have their own letters available; K = WF, Q = WWFF, B = FF, R = WW. R4 and W4 are synonyms. All mentioned capitals refer to a maximally symmetric set of moves that

This is a document about Hexagonal chess
  is called a "dead pawn"; a pawn on cells 1 or 37 is called a "mummy". The king moves one step in any orthogonal direction; there is no castling. The knight jumps, two steps in any orthogonal direction, followed by one step in a different direction (identical to Gliński's knight). The rook can move any number of steps, but only vertically; the bishop can move any number of steps, but not vertically. The queen combines the moves of the rook and the bishop, and thus can move any number of steps in any orthogonal direction (identical to Gliński's rook).

This is a document about Camelot (board game)
 1) One space in any direction (like a king in chess).  This is called a plain move. ; 2) A leaping move (called cantering) over an adjacent friendly piece to a vacant space immediately beyond. Multiple leaps over a player's own pieces are permitted. Cantering is always optional (never obligatory). ; 3) A jumping move over an adjacent enemy piece to a vacant space immediately beyond. The enemy piece is captured and removed from the board. As in checkers, multiple jumps are allowed, and capturing is obligatory whenever it is possible. Both knights and men can move either horizontally, vertically, or diagonally in three ways, as follows: Men may make any of the three moves, but only one type of move per turn. Knights have a fourth option: a combination move consisting of a canter immediately followed by a jump (capture). This is called the knight's charge. The knight may, in this single move, perform multiple canters (or just one), followed by multiple jumps (or just one); but the canter(s) must precede the jump(s). A knight may not combine a plain move with a canter or a jump.

This is a document about Chu shogi
  Some pieces move only one square at a time. If a friendly piece occupies an adjacent square, the moving piece may not move in that direction; if an opposing piece is there, it may be displaced and captured. The step movers are the king, prince, drunk elephant, blind tigers, ferocious leopards, the generals, go-betweens, and the 12 pawns of each side. Only the king and prince can move in all eight directions. The king and prince are additionally considered royal pieces, as losing both of them loses the game. The Japanese Chu Shogi Association, in addition to separating out the king and prince, also considers the pawns and go-betweens as a separate class of 'pawns' (歩), while the remaining step movers are called 'small pieces' (小駒).

This is a document about King (chess)
  White starts with the king on e1, on the first to the right of the queen. Black starts with the king on e8, directly across from the white king. The kings always start on a square of opposite color. A king can move one square in any direction (horizontally, vertically, or diagonally), unless the square is already occupied by a friendly piece, or the move would place the king in check. As a result, opposing kings may never occupy adjacent squares (see opposition) to give check, as that would put the moving king in check as well. However, the king can give discovered check by unblocking a bishop, rook, or queen. The king is also involved in the special move of castling.

This is a document about Tock
  moving to the opposite 7 (the 7 across the board), including removing any tokens in it's way between the starting position and 7 position on their own side. ; Jack: May swap any 2 tokens on the board that are not on their home or starting space. Or moving 11 spaces is permitted under these rules. ; Queen: Makes a move of 12 fields. ; King: Can be used to move 13 spaces or as a starter. ; Joker: Can be used to move 25 fields or as a starter, AND receives another card  All other cards are played at their face value and must be used completely by a single token.

This is a document about Rules of chess
 The king moves exactly one square horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. A special move with the king known as castling is allowed only once per player, per game (see below). ; A rook moves any number of vacant squares horizontally or vertically. It also is moved when castling. ; A bishop moves any number of vacant squares diagonally. ; The queen moves any number of vacant squares horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. ; A knight moves to one of the nearest squares not on the same, , or . (This can be thought of as moving two squares horizontally then one square vertically, or moving one square horizontally

This is a document about King (chess)
   The king (♔, ♚) is the most important piece in the game of chess. The king can move one square in any direction (orthogonally or diagonally), and also has a special move known as "castling". If a player's king is threatened with capture, it is said to be in check, and the player must remove the threat of on the next move. If this cannot be done, the king is said to be in checkmate, resulting in a loss for that player. Players cannot make any move that places their own king in check. Despite this, the king can become a strong offensive piece in the endgame, or rarely in the middlegame. Each player begins the game with a king of their color. In algebraic notation, the king is abbreviated in English by the letter K. The white king starts the game on e1; the black king starts on e8. Unlike the other pieces, only one king per player can be on the board at any time, and the kings are never removed from the board during the game.

This is a document about Parallel worlds chess
 all pieces move as chess queens; ; captures are not permitted; ; a pawn that moves to the last does not promote. If a pawn on level 2 moves to the owner's last rank on levels 1 or 3, it immediately promotes. ; If a pawn on level 2 moves to the owner's first rank on levels 1 or 3, on that level it can, on a future turn, move only one step to the second rank. Once on the second rank, it regains its normal two-step option. On each turn, a player may move up to three of their pieces. (On the

In the context of the provided rules for Dynamo Chess and 5D Chess, a king can move one space forward and backward in Dynamo Chess, and in 5D Chess, a king can move any number of spaces in any dimension. However, in the traditional game of chess, a king can move one square in any direction.