Question: what does the srt stand for on dodge vehicles

Answer: Street & Racing Technology

This is a document about R/T
  R/T is the performance marker used on Dodge/Chrysler automobiles since the 1960s (much like Chevrolet Super Sport). R/T stands for Road/Track. R/T models usually come with R/T badging and a combination of upgraded suspension, tires, brakes, and often more powerful engines. Many models have also come with monotone paint and stripes as well as aggressive body kits. In 2004 the Chrysler SRT Division (Chrysler Corp. SRT Vehicles) replaced R/T as the high performance auto group for Dodge vehicles, though the trim level is still in use on many current models with more powerful engines and cosmetic changes such as different rims and bumpers and grills and the R/T badge.

This is a document about Street & Racing Technology
  Street & Racing Technology (SRT) is a high-performance automobile group within Stellantis North America. SRT began in 1989 as Team Viper to develop the Dodge Viper. It later merged with Team Prowler, the developers of the Plymouth Prowler, to become Specialty Vehicle Engineering (SVE). This was renamed Performance Vehicle Operations (PVO) from January 2002 until around 2004. Since all PVO vehicles used the SRT brand, the development team itself was renamed SRT in 2004. SRT heavily tuned and produced vehicles for the Chrysler, Dodge, and Jeep brands, including police models for Chrysler/FCA Fleet Division.

This is a document about Dodge Neon SRT-4
  The Dodge Neon SRT-4 is a sport compact car manufactured by Dodge from 2003 to 2005. A turbocharged variant of the Neon, the car was developed by DaimlerChrysler's in house PVO (Performance Vehicle Operations) tuner group. PVO was officially renamed SRT (Street and Racing Technology) in 2004. The "4" in the SRT-4's name denotes the number of cylinders of the engine. ACR (American Club Racing) and Commemorative Edition models were later introduced as well.

This is a document about Dodge Ram SRT-10
  The Dodge Ram SRT-10 is a sport pickup truck that was produced by American automaker Dodge in limited numbers. It was introduced at the January 2002 North American International Auto Show, but was not put into production until 2004.

This is a document about Dodge Ram SRT-10
  suede-trimmed charcoal leather seats. The center stack was adorned with silver trim, and a silver trim strip with the SRT-10 logo resided under the passenger-side air bag cover. Taking a cue from the Dodge Viper, the Ram SRT-10 came with a red start button on the dash. The manual transmission regular cab featured a Hurst shift lever, which sprouted from a silver metal shift bezel and was fitted with a Viper shift knob. Aluminum performance-inspired pedals replaced the stock setup. The gauge cluster featured satin silver-faced gauges and Viper font and graphics. The A-Pillar on Driver's side has an Oil Temperature Gauge, sporting the SRT logo. The speedometer and tachometer were re-calibrated to match the Ram SRT-10's increased performance. Optional sunroof was electric, as was a small electric rear window.

This is a document about Street & Racing Technology
  After two years of SRT as an independent division, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (now Stellantis) announced on May 4, 2014, that the SRT family of vehicles will be consolidated under the Dodge brand. This includes renaming the "SRT Viper" back again to the legendary "Dodge Viper". This will expand the Dodge lineup to focus on it as a performance-dedicated brand.

This is a document about Dodge Ram SRT-10
  The Dodge Ram SRT was created by DaimlerChrysler's PVO (Performance Vehicle Operations) division, using Dodge Viper and Plymouth Prowler engineers. Extensive wind tunnel testing was used in styling the exterior of the Ram SRT-10. This is the second time that Dodge has put a Viper engine into a Ram pickup. At the 1996 Chicago Auto Show, Dodge introduced a concept Dodge Ram with a Viper Generation 2 engine, but it was not put into production. The Dodge Ram VTS was painted Banzai Blue with dual white skunk stripes, housed an 8.0 L (488 cid) V10, a six-speed Borg-Warner manual gearbox, and 17 in Viper GTS wheels wrapped in BF Goodrich 275/60-HR17 Comp T/A HR4 tires.

This is a document about Dodge
  From the late 20th century onwards, Dodge's highest performing vehicles fell under the category SRT. These models often came equipped with high-performance V8s under the hood. These models included the Dodge Challenger SRT (2008–current), Dodge Charger SRT (2006–current), Dodge Magnum SRT (2006–2008) and Dodge Durango SRT (2018-current-). They also produced the Dodge Neon SRT-4 (2003–2005), Dodge Caliber SRT-4 (2008–2009), Dodge Viper (1991–2010; 2012–2017), and Dodge Ram SRT-10 (2004–2006). In 2015, FCA introduced the Hellcat, a 707 HP, supercharged 6.2 L HEMI V8. In 2017, Dodge released the Dodge Challenger SRT Demon. It is powered by an 840 HP supercharged 6.2 L HEMI V8, and comes from the factory with a toolbox known as the "Demon Toolbox" that has everything a buyer will need to drag race, including the skinny front drag tires. However, buyers will only get 840 HP on race fuel. On regular pump gas, it produces 808 HP, a 101 HP increase over the Hellcat.

This is a document about Dodge Challenger
  For the 2020 model year, Dodge introduced a SRT Super Stock model slotting in between the Hellcat Redeye and the Demon. The engine is the same as the Redeye, but is slightly more powerful at 807 hp. This is enabled by a revision of the powertrain calibration, which increases the redline from 6300 to 6400 rpm. Additionally, the Super Stock gains lightweight 18-inch wheels with the same drag radials as the Demon, along with a shorter final-drive ratio and drag-optimized suspension tuning for the Bilstein adaptive dampers in Track Mode. However, it uses four-piston Brembo and 14.2-inch rotors instead of the

This is a document about Street & Racing Technology
  The naming convention used by SRT for its models is indicative of the vehicle's engine type. The number that follows the "SRT" prefix denotes the number of engine cylinders. For example: the Chrysler 300C SRT8 has a 6.1 liter Hemi V-8; Therefore, the SRT version is known as the Chrysler 300C SRT-8. Similarly, the Dodge Viper SRT-10 along with the Dodge Ram SRT-10 had an 8.3 L V-10. Currently, the fastest SRT production models are the 2018 Dodge Challenger Demon with a quarter-mile time of 9.65 seconds, the 2021 Dodge Challenger SRT Super Stock with a quarter-mile time of 11.5 seconds, the 2021 Dodge Charger SRT Hellcat Redeye with a quarter-mile time of 10.6 seconds, the 2015 Dodge Charger Hellcat with a quarter-mile time of 11.0 seconds,

This is a document about Chrysler 300
  An SRT version was unveiled at the 2011 New York International Auto Show, featuring the 6.4 L 392 Hemi V8 engine. The 6.4 392 Hemi engine is also used in other Chrysler Group SRT vehicles such as the Dodge Charger and Challenger. With 470 hp, the new 300 SRT can go from 0 to 60 mi/h in the low 4-second range. In addition to the increase in power, the SRT receives specific exterior trim including a lower front fascia, large exhaust tips, body color instead of chrome trim and large 20-inch (508 mm) aluminum wheels. The car also gets a lowered, sportier suspension setup and a large Brembo brake package. The 300 SRT (or SRT8) was discontinued for the 2015 model year in the United States, but is still sold in Australia and the Middle East. Many Australian police departments use the 300 SRT as a patrol/pursuit vehicle. Contrary to past statements by Chrysler, the 300 SRT is still sold in left and right-hand drive abroad.

This is a document about Dodge Ram SRT-10
  The Ram SRT-10 had a unique hood that featured a wide power bulge and honeycomb grill hood scoop. The hood scoop allowed cool air to enter as well as forcing hot air to exit from the engine bay, thus helping the engine to run cooler. "Viper Powered" badges were added to the sides of the power bulge, to indicate the SRT-10 engine under the hood. Large chrome SRT-10 logos were mounted to the driver and passenger side doors and rear tailgate right side on the Quad cab and Single Cab 2005 models replaced in 2006 by smaller chrome and red SRT-10 logo badges. All models were outfitted with large molded kickerpanels painted to match body color.

This is a document about Dodge Neon SRT-4
  suspension, braking system, exhaust, wheels, and tires were upgraded from that of the base model Neon, along with the interior upgrades. The production model was produced in Belvidere, Illinois, with 84% US content. In 2003, the Dodge Neon SRT-4 went on sale to the public. At the time, the car was the second fastest stock production vehicle in the Chrysler/Dodge lineup, second only to the Viper. In 2004, PVO changed their name to Street & Racing Technology (SRT), Chrysler's high-performance automotive group. The 2004 model was updated with more power and torque, and included a torque-sensing Quaife limited-slip differential, larger fuel injectors, new engine management

This is a document about Street & Racing Technology
  The current lineup from SRT are the Chrysler 300 SRT, Dodge Challenger SRT 392, Dodge Challenger SRT Hellcat, Dodge Challenger SRT Demon, Dodge Charger SRT 392, Dodge Charger SRT Hellcat, Dodge Charger Pursuit, Dodge Durango SRT 392, Dodge Durango Pursuit, Dodge Durango SRT Hellcat, Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT and Jeep Grand Cherokee Trackhawk. As for the Chrysler 300 SRT, the car is only sold in Australia, New Zealand, and the Middle East, whereas the US version has been discontinued.

This is a document about Dodge Viper (ZB I)
   The new Viper was introduced in 2002, named as the SRT-10, which replaced both the RT/10 and GTS models. The engine displacement was increased from 8.0 to 8.3 liters, and along with other upgrades, the engine produced a maximum power output of 500 hp, and 525 lbft of torque. The weight of the engine would also lose as much as 230 kg. The chassis would become more rigid and lightweight, losing 36 kg. A 6-speed Tremec T56 manual transmission is used to deliver all of the power to the rear wheels. Three years later after the SRT-10 was unveiled, the coupé version of the Viper would be launched, adapting the same "double-bubble" structure as the GTS from the previous generation. This model would have an increased power output of 510 hp, and 535 lbft of torque. The design of the car takes styling cues from the GTS, with the rear portion of the car adapting the tail shape, and the taillights using a design inspired by the GTS. Dodge would stop production of the Viper for 2007, in lieu of preparing the new updates for the car for the 2008 model year.

This is a document about Dodge Challenger
  The base SE trim was renamed to SXT for consistency with the naming scheme of the remaining Dodge lineup. The SRT8 392 model gains a two-mode adaptive suspension system that features an Auto and Sport mode. The car uses a variety of sensors to measure inputs like vehicle speed, steering angle, brake torque, throttle position, and acceleration forces to instantly tune the suspension for the given condition depending on what mode is chosen. In addition, a new heated steering wheel featuring Chrysler's new paddle shifter system, new sport seats, and a 900 watt Harman Kardon audio system became available.

This is a document about Dodge Charger (2005)
  Available for the 2013 and 2014 model years, this appearance package is a limited (392 units total) version of Dodge Charger SRT8 with custom-designed gloss black "392 HEMI" fender badges with a charcoal grey metallic insert, center section of power bulge hood painted in Pitch Black, roof painted in Pitch Black, new satin black SRT lower-body side stripe with a heavy band and accent tracer stretching from the front fascia, through doors to rear fascias; side mirrors painted in Pitch Black, 20-inch split five-spoke Black Vapor Chrome wheels, rear spoiler painted in Pitch Black, choice of 5 body colors (Bright White Clear Coat, Billet Silver Metallic Clear Coat, Plum Crazy Pearl Coat, HEMI Orange Pearl Coat, and TorRed Clear Coat), '392' engine beauty covers under the hood, exclusive serialized dash plaque showing production build number / 392, expanded adaptive damping suspension with three-mode selectable suspension tuning, standard launch control. Orders for the US model began in April 2013.

This is a document about Street & Racing Technology
  SRT has built four V8s, which it has applied to five vehicles: Chrysler 300, Dodge Challenger, Dodge Charger, Dodge Magnum and Jeep Grand Cherokee. Their first V8 was a 6.1-liter naturally aspirated HEMI V8 engine that made 425 hp. However, the Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT-8 only had 420 hp. Their second unit is a 6.4-liter naturally aspirated Apache V8 engine that originally made 470 hp but was upgraded to produce 485 hp after 2014. SRT's most powerful variant is a 6.2-liter supercharged V8, with two separate units used on the Hellcat and Demon models. The Hellcat's version makes 707 hp and the Demon's makes 808 hp. On 100-octane fuel, though, the Demon's engine makes 840 hp.

This is a document about Dodge Venom
  Built from all steel, with an aluminum structure, and a cantilever roofline. The aforementioned Cab-Forward design allowed the car to be more aerodynamic, and roomy. The engine block was made of cast iron, and featured carbon fiber and Kevlar aramid fiber components. The design was based on another Dodge performance SRT car, The Dodge Viper. The car was optimized for performance on race courses, and could go from 0 to 60 mph in 5.2 seconds. The front and rear utilized a double A-arm suspension setup, featured up-to-date four-wheel anti-lock disc brakes, and 245-millimeter tires. The front tires were 19 inches and the rear tires were 20 inches The wheels were moved towards the corners in the

This is a document about Dodge Charger (2005)
  The Charger SRT8 returned as 2012 model, which was previewed at the 2011 Chicago Auto Show. Chrysler began putting the Dodge logo with slanted red rectangles on the grilles of the SRT8 halfway through the 2012 model year.

SRT stands for Street and Racing Technology, which is a high-performance automobile group within Stellantis North America. It was originally formed in 1989 as a group within Chrysler Corporation to develop high-performance vehicles.


Question: who led the revolution in bihar in 1857 ce

Answer: Kunwar Singh

This is a document about Politics of Bihar
   Bihar was an important part of India's struggle for independence. Mahatma Gandhi became the movement's leader after the Champaran Satyagraha, launched in the state's Champaran district at the repeated request of a local leader Raj Kumar Shukla. He was also supported by Rajendra Prasad, Anugrah Narayan Sinha, and Brajkishore Prasad.

This is a document about Kunwar Singh
   Singh led the Indian Rebellion of 1857 in Bihar. He was nearly eighty and in failing health when he was called upon to take up arms. He was assisted by both his brother, Babu Amar Singh and his commander-in-chief, Hare Krishna Singh. Some argue that the latter was the real reason behind Kunwar Singh's initial military success. He gave a good fight and harried British forces for nearly a year and remained invincible until the end. He was an expert in the art of guerilla warfare. His tactics left the British puzzled. Singh assumed command of the soldiers who had revolted at Danapur on 25 July. Two days later he

This is a document about Timeline of Bihar
 1757-1857: The British East India Company expands its ruling into Bihar from Bengal. ; 1764: Battle of Buxar: Tax collection becomes the duty of the East India Company. ; 1764-1920 Migration of Bihari & United Provinces workers across the British world by the Company, and the later British government. 1857: Period of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. East India Company Sepoys from the Bengal Army (80% Hindu according to William Daryample in the book "The Last Mughal") declare Bahadur Shah Zafar II Emperor of Hindustan. The region becomes the center of resistance to the East India Company. This is also the end of the Muslim Era.

This is a document about History of Bihar
  Bihar played a major role in the Indian independence struggle. Most notable were the Champaran movement against the Indigo plantation and the Quit India Movement of 1942. After his return from South Africa, it was from Bihar that Mahatma Gandhi launched his pioneering civil-disobedience movement, Champaran Satyagraha. Raj Kumar Shukla drew Mahatma Gandhi's attention to the exploitation of the peasants by the European indigo planters. Champaran Satyagraha received the spontaneous support from many Biharis, including Brajkishore Prasad, Rajendra Prasad (who became the first President of India) and Anugrah Narayan Sinha (who became the first Deputy Chief Minister and Finance Minister of Bihar). In India's

This is a document about Robert Clive
   On 3 May 1765 Clive landed at Calcutta to learn that Mir Jafar had died, leaving him personally £70,000. Mir Jafar was succeeded by his son-in-law Kasim Ali, though not before the government had been further demoralised by taking £100,000 as a gift from the new Nawab; while Kasim Ali had induced not only the viceroy of Awadh, but the emperor of Delhi himself, to invade Bihar. At this point a mutiny in the Bengal army occurred, which was a grim precursor of the Indian rebellion of 1857, but on this occasion it was quickly suppressed by blowing the sepoy ringleader from a gun. Major Munro, "the Napier of those times", scattered the united armies on the hard-fought

This is a document about History of Bihar
  to the India's First War of Independence (1857), also called the Sepoy Mutiny by some historians. Babu Kunwar Singh (1777–1858) one of the leaders of the Indian uprising of 1857 belonged to a royal Rajput house of Jagdispur, currently a part of Bhojpur district of Bihar. By that time Bihar had many feudal estates or zamindars. Most notably Tekari Raj, Raj Darbhanga, Bettiah Raj, Hathwa Raj, Kharagpur Raj and Banaili Estate. At the age of 80 years, during India's First War of Independence, he actively led a select band of armed soldiers against the troops under the command of the East India Company, and also recorded victories in many battles.

This is a document about British Raj
  Bihar, and western Bengal. The large wartime British Army presence crushed the movement in a little more than six weeks; nonetheless, a portion of the movement formed for a time an underground provisional government on the border with Nepal. In other parts of India, the movement was less spontaneous and the protest less intensive, however it lasted sporadically into the summer of 1943. It did not slow down the British war effort or recruiting for the army. Earlier, Subhas Chandra Bose, who had been a leader of the younger, radical, wing of the Indian National Congress in the late 1920s and 1930s, had risen to become Congress

This is a document about Bihar
  Farmers in Champaran had revolted against indigo cultivation in 1914 (at Pipra) and 1916 (Turkaulia). In April 1917, Mahatma Gandhi visited Champaran, where Raj Kumar Shukla had drawn his attention to the exploitation of the peasants by European indigo planters. The Champaran Satyagraha that followed received support from many Bihari nationalists, such as Rajendra Prasad and Anugrah Narayan Sinha. In the northern and central regions of Bihar, the Kisan Sabha (peasant movement) was an important consequence of the independence movement. It began in 1929 under the leadership of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati who formed the Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha (BPKS), to mobilise peasant grievances against the zamindari attacks on their occupancy rights. The movement intensified and spread from Bihar across the rest of India, culminating in the formation of the All India Kisan Sabha (AIKS) at the Lucknow session of the Indian National Congress in April 1936, where Saraswati was elected as its first president. Following independence, Bihari migrant workers have faced violence and prejudice in many parts of India, such as Maharashtra, Punjab and Assam.

This is a document about Nagpuri people
  against British East India Company in 1857 rebellion. Tikait Umrao Singh, Sheikh Bhikhari,  Nadir Ali, Jai Mangal Singh played pivotal role in Indian Rebellion of 1857. After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the rule of the British East India Company was transferred to the Crown in the person of Queen Victoria. After Indian independence in 1947, the rulers of the states chose to accede to the Dominion of India. Changbhakar, Jashpur, Koriya, Surguja and Udaipur later became part of Madhya Pradesh state, but Gangpur and Bonai became part of Orissa state, and Kharsawan and Saraikela part of Bihar state. Region under Kings of Nagvansh and Ramgarh became parts of Bihar state. In November 2000, the new states of Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand separated from Madhya Pradesh and Bihar, respectively.

This is a document about Champaran Satyagraha
  The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was the first satyagraha movement led by Mahatma Gandhi in British India and is considered a historically important rebellion in the Indian independence movement. It was a farmer's uprising that took place in Champaran district of Bihar in the Indian subcontinent, during the British colonial period. The farmers were protesting against having to grow indigo with barely any payment for it. When Gandhi returned to India from South Africa in 1915 and saw peasants in Northern India oppressed by Indigo planters, he tried to use the same methods that he had used in South Africa to organise mass uprisings by people to protest against injustice. Champaran Satyagraha was the first popular satyagraha movement. The Champaran Satyagraha gave direction to India's youth and freedom struggle, which was tottering between moderates who

This is a document about History of Backward Caste movement in Bihar
  In the 19th century, the peasants of Bihar were involved in individual heroic struggles against the intermediaries in isolated events like the Santhal Hul rebellion (1855–56) and the  Munda uprising of 1899-1901. Later, the Indigo revolt provided Gandhi with an opportunity to experiment with the peasantry. These events, however, were limited to local issues only, and the leadership was provided by local peasant leaders. There was a lack of an overall national perspective. Sahajanand Saraswati is known for leading a peasant struggle in some parts of Bihar, but its effects were limited to certain sections of farmers only. Karyanand Sharma is well known for leading the agrarian movement specially for his Barahiya Bakhast struggle in 1937–39. It was Sharma under whom the Communist Party of India (CPI) undertook some of the important peasant struggles in the 1950s, the most important being the Sathi farm struggle of Champaran.

This is a document about Indian Rebellion of 1857
  The rebellion in Bihar was mainly concentrated in the Western regions of the state; however, there were also some outbreaks of plundering and looting in Gaya district. One of the central figures was Kunwar Singh, the 80-year-old Rajput Zamindar of Jagdispur, whose estate was in the process of being sequestrated by the Revenue Board, instigated and assumed the leadership of revolt in Bihar. His efforts were supported by his brother Babu Amar Singh and his commander-in-chief Hare Krishna Singh. On 25 July, mutiny erupted in the garrisons of Danapur. Mutinying sepoys from the 7th, 8th and 40th regiments of Bengal Native Infantry quickly moved towards the city of Arrah and were joined by Kunwar Singh and his men. Mr.

This is a document about History of Bihar
  literary figures started publishing a Hindi weekly Hunkar from Bihar in 1940. Hunkar later became the mouthpiece of the peasant movement and the agrarian movement in Bihar and was instrumental in spreading the movement. The peasant movement later spread to other parts of the country and helped in digging out the British roots in the Indian society by overthrowing the zamindari system. Bihar's contribution in the independence movement has been immense with famous leaders like Swami Sahajanand Saraswati, Shaheed Baikuntha Shukla, Sri Krishna Sinha, Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Mulana Mazharul Haque, Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan, Basawon Singh (Sinha), Yogendra Shukla, Sheel Bhadra Yajee, Pandit Yamuna

This is a document about Madhya Pradesh
  1857 uprising, rebellions happened in the northern parts of the state, led by leaders like Tatya Tope. However, these were crushed by the British and the princes loyal to them. The state witnessed a number of anti-British activities and protests during the Indian independence movement. Several notable leaders such as Chandra Shekhar Azad, B. R. Ambedkar, Shankar Dayal Sharma, Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Arjun Singh were born in what is now Madhya Pradesh. After the independence of India, Madhya Pradesh was created in 1950 from the former British Central Provinces and Berar and the princely states of Makrai and Chhattisgarh, with Nagpur as

This is a document about Jagdishpur estate
  During the rule of Kunwar Singh, the estate took part in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. Kunwar Singh was motivated to rebel after having financial difficulties due to the high revenue demanded by the British authorities and family litigation. The British also attempted to take over the management of the estate. As a result of this, Kunwar Singh (who was 80 at the time) decided to join the rebellion and was considered to be the leader of the rebellion in Bihar. He was helped by his brother, Babu Amar Singh and his commander-in-chief, Hare Krishna Singh. After some initial success, Kunwar Singh and his forces were eventually driven out of Jagdishpur by the British. A year later, Kunwar Singh died and the rebellion was led by his brother who was eventually captured and hanged. Because of these events, many consider Kunwar Singh to be one of the "greatest chiefs" of Jagdishpur.

This is a document about Historiography of the British Empire
  Opposition to imperialism and demands for self-rule emerged across the empire; in all but one case the British authorities suppressed revolts. However, in the 1770s, under the leadership of Benjamin Franklin, George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, it came to an armed revolt in the 13 American colonies, the American Revolutionary War. With military and financial help from France and others, the 13 became the first British colonies to secure their independence in the name of American nationalism. There is a large literature on the Indian Rebellion of 1857, which saw a very large scale revolt in India, involving the mutiny of many native troops. It was suppressed by the British Army after much bloodshed. The Indians organised under Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru and finally achieved independence in 1947. They wanted one India but the Muslims were organized by Muhammad Ali

This is a document about Bhumihar
  Being traditional landlords and one of the early literate castes, the Bhumihars have been influential in the politics of Bihar since the British days. Noted Bhumihar princely state rulers included Harendra Kishore Singh (Raja of Bettiah) and Vibhuti Narayan Singh (Raja of the Benares). The Bhumihars played a pioneering role in organising peasant, leftist and independence movements since the 1910s. In 1914 and 1916, the Bhumihars of Pipra and Turkaulia revolted against indigo cultivation. When Mahatma Gandhi launched a satyagraha against indigo cultivation in Motihari in 1917, a number of Bhumihar intellectuals joined the protest. These included Shri Krishna Singh (or

This is a document about Zamindars of Bihar
  After the collapse of the Mughals, the British East India Company held sway over much of South Asia. In 1781, their control of Bihar was disturbed when some of the zamindars (especially those in South Bihar) started to rise in revolt following the rebellion of Chait Singh, the Maharaja of Benares state. Among the rebels in Bihar, were Raja Narain Singh of Seris-Kutumba, Akbar Ali of Narhat Samoy and Fateh Bahadur Sahi of Huseypur. Among the motivations for the rebellion was the reluctance of these zamindars to provide revenue to the British. However, many zamindar in Bihar were also loyal to the British and refused to take part. Eventually the British were able to subdue the rebellion without too much trouble.

This is a document about Bihar Movement
  The Bihar Movement was a political movement initiated by students in the Indian state of Bihar in 1974 and led by the veteran Gandhian socialist Jayaprakash Narayan, popularly known as JP, against misrule and corruption in the state government. It later turned against Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's government in the central government. It was also called Sampoorna Kranti (Total Revolution Movement) and JP Movement.

This is a document about Indian Rebellion of 1857
  The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising in India in 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the British Crown. The rebellion began on 10 May 1857 in the form of a mutiny of sepoys of the Company's army in the garrison town of Meerut, 40 mile northeast of Delhi. It then erupted into other mutinies and civilian rebellions chiefly in the upper Gangetic plain and central India, though incidents of revolt also occurred farther north and east. The rebellion posed a considerable threat to British power in that region, and was contained only with

Kunwar Singh led the revolution in Bihar during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. He was an Indian rebel commander who took up arms against the British and gave them a tough fight for nearly a year. Singh was assisted by his brother Babu Ram and his nephew Hari Krishna Hujar. He was an expert in guerilla warfare and had remained invincible for almost a year.


Question: who is the original singer of gone away

Answer: The Offspring

This is a document about And Justice for None
 Ivan Moody – vocals, piano on "Gone Away" ; Zoltan Bathory – rhythm guitar ; Jason Hook – lead guitar, backing vocals ; Jeremy Spencer – drums, percussion ; Chris Kael – bass, backing vocals

This is a document about This Is My Country (The Impressions album)
  "Gone Away" was written by Mayfield, Donny Hathaway, and Leroy Hutson. Hathaway also worked on "You Want Somebody Else".

This is a document about Gone Away (song)
  "Gone Away" is a song by American punk rock band the Offspring. It is the seventh track on the band's fourth studio album, Ixnay on the Hombre (1997), and was released as its second single. It also appears as the sixth track on Greatest Hits (2005). A piano version of the song features as the eleventh track on the group's tenth studio album Let The Bad Times Roll (2021). The song became the Offspring's first No. 1 on the Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks, while reaching No. 4 on the Hot Modern Rock Tracks chart. Through 2009, the band played "Gone Away" with Holland performing on piano throughout Europe and the United States. Two of the tracks from this single ("D.U.I." and "Hey Joe") appear on the band's 2010 compilation album, Happy Hour!.

This is a document about King (T.I. album)
  Songs of Hip Hop. The song was listed at number 38 on Pitchfork's top 500 songs of the 2000s. The critically acclaimed song is produced by DJ Toomp from Zone Boy Productions, with additional keys by Wonder Arillo. It utilizes an interpolation of Roberta Flack's version of The Impressions's "Gone Away" and of the song "Hey Joe", written by Billy Roberts but popularised by Jimi Hendrix. The track was rumored to be a diss song directed at fellow Dirty South rapper Lil' Flip. The song is also played during the end credits of ATL. The song was a major smash during the spring of

This is a document about 8th Annual BFJA Awards
 Robert Walker - Since You Went Away

This is a document about The Wilde Flowers
  After several years of jamming together, the Wilde Flowers were officially formed in 1964 by lead vocalist Kevin Ayers, lead guitarist, saxophonist and vocalist Brian Hopper, rhythm guitarist and vocalist Richard Sinclair, bassist and saxophonist Hugh Hopper, and drummer and vocalist Robert Wyatt. The group performed a series of live shows before their first recording session in March 1965, at which they tracked Hugh Hopper's "Memories", Ayers's "She's Gone", and cover versions of Bukka White's "Parchman Farm" and Chuck Berry's "Almost Grown". Shortly after the sessions, Ayers left to start working with Daevid Allen ahead of the formation of Soft Machine, with vocals at a session the

This is a document about Gone (Ferlin Husky song)
  "Gone" is a 1957 single by Ferlin Husky written by Smokey Rogers. The song was Ferlin Husky's second No. 1 on the country chart, where it stayed at the top for ten weeks with a total of 27 weeks on the charts. The vocal backing on the song was provided by the Jordanaires with soprano Millie Kirkham. "Gone" also crossed over to the Hot 100 peaking at No. 4. Selling over one million copies, 'Gone" was awarded a gold disc. Recorded in Nashville at Bradley's Quonset Hut Studio, the recording is widely regarded as the first example of the Nashville Sound production approach. The

This is a document about Gone Gone Gone (album)
  Gone, Gone, Gone is an album by the Everly Brothers, originally released in 1964. It was re-released on CD in 2005 on the Collectors' Choice Music label. Two of the tracks ("Radio and TV" and "Lonely Island") date back to 1960 recording sessions. The remainder, including the title hit, were all recorded at various sessions from January to September 1964. It was the first Everly Brothers album in four years—since 1960's A Date with the Everly Brothers—to include songs written by Felice and Boudleaux Bryant, which had become unavailable after the Everlys parted with manager Wesley Rose. The title track was covered by Robert Plant and Alison Krauss on their 2007 collaboration album Raising Sand.

This is a document about List of train songs
  of the Purple Sage ; "Glory Bound Train", see "That Glory Bound Train" ; "Glory Train", separate songs, artists followed by composers: Pat Boone (Ferrell), Stephen Fearing (Stephen Fearing), Cissy Houston (Cissy Houston), Ricky Nelson (Baker Knight), Randy Newman (Randy Newman), Johnny Rivers (James Hendricks), ; "Going Away" (Utah Phillips) by Utah Phillips, Rosalie Sorrels ; "Going Home Train" (Harold Rome) by Lawrence Winters ; "Going to Ride That Midnight Train" (Bill Chitwood, James A. Bland) by Georgia Yellow Hammers, 1927 ; "Golden Rocket, The" (Hank Snow) by Johnny Horton, Hank Snow ; "Gone Dead Train", separate songs, artists

This is a document about Invented (album)
  tried so far." The opening track "Heart Is Hard to Find" consists of handclaps, acoustic guitar and orchestral flourishes. "My Best Theory" was reminiscent of "Gone Away" by the Offspring, and the Smashing Pumpkins. Adkins said it talks about "finding your individuality in a world where extremes are more and more presented as your only option." The Foo Fighters-esque "Evidence" is followed by "Higher Devotion", a dark disco track with industrial guitar sounds, synthesizers played by Doug Borrmann, and Adkins channeling Prince. The mid-tempo number "Movielike" is followed by the coming-of-age "Coffee and Cigarettes", which features references to Otis Redding and Grateful Dead. "Stop" is a ballad that sees Adkins duetting with Rachel Haden; the song dates

This is a document about Chapter Two (Roberta Flack album)
 1) "Gone Away" (Donny Hathaway, Leroy Hutson, Curtis Mayfield) – 5:16 ; 2) "Until It's Time for You to Go" (Buffy Sainte-Marie) – 4:57 ; 3) "The Impossible Dream" (Joe Darion, Mitch Leigh) – 4:42 ; 4) "Business Goes on as Usual" (Fred Hellerman, Fran Minkoff) – 3:30

This is a document about If You Go Away
  "If You Go Away" is an adaptation of the 1959 Jacques Brel song "Ne me quitte pas" with English lyrics by Rod McKuen. Created as part of a larger project to translate Brel's work, "If You Go Away" is considered a pop standard and has been recorded by many artists, including Greta Keller, for whom some say McKuen wrote the lyrics. Damita Jo reached #10 on the Adult Contemporary chart and #68 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1966 for her version of the song. Terry Jacks recorded a version of the song which was released as a single in 1974 and reached #29 on the Adult Contemporary chart, #68 on the Billboard Hot 100, and went to #8 in the UK. The complex melody is partly derivative of classical music: the "But if you stay..." passage comes from Franz Liszt's Hungarian Rhapsody No. 6.

This is a document about Nick Morris
 Paul Young - "Everytime You Go Away" ; Kirsty MacColl - "He's on the Beach" ; Mr. Mister - "Kyrie"

This is a document about Gone (U2 song)
  "Gone" is a song by Irish rock band U2, and is the seventh track on their 1997 album, Pop. It is also included on their 2002 compilation album, The Best of 1990–2000, in a reworked version. A highlight of the PopMart Tour, it was often dedicated to Michael Hutchence during the final few months of the PopMart Tour and during the following Elevation Tour. Lead vocalist Bono frequently refers to it as one of his favorite songs of the band's. Guitarist the Edge has also stated he was very pleased with the "New Mix" of the song available on The Best of 1990–2000. "Gone", along with

This is a document about Year of the Spider
 "Gone Away" is embedded with "Kill the Music Industry", and begins at 16:06 after 13:13 of silence – a reference to the superstitious nature of their previous effort 13 Ways to Bleed on Stage. (All songs written by Scooter Ward, except where noted)

This is a document about The Day You Went Away
  "The Day You Went Away" is a song by Australian singer-songwriter Wendy Matthews, released in 1992 as the lead single from her second solo studio album, Lily (1992). The song debuted on the Australian ARIA Singles Chart in August 1992, eventually peaking at No. 2 in December of the sam eyear. This is Matthews' highest-charting single on the Australian chart. In the United Kingdom and Europe, the song was released on rooART in 1993 but was not a hit. Matthews subsequently included the song on her 1999 Greatest Hits album, Stepping Stones, and her 2007 compilation album, The Essential Wendy Matthews. "The Day You Went Away" won two ARIA Music Awards at the ARIA Music Awards of 1993; one for Single of the Year and one for Highest Selling Single.

This is a document about Through a Crooked Sun
  "Gone Away": Rich Robinson: guitars, vocals, bass Joe Magistro: drums, percussion Steve Molitz: keyboards "It's Not Easy": Rich Robinson: guitars, vocals, bass Joe Magistro: drums, percussion Steve Molitz: keyboards "Lost and Found": Rich Robinson: guitars, vocals, bass Joe Magistro: drums, percussion Steve Molitz: keyboards "I Don't Hear the Sound of You": Rich Robinson: guitars, vocals, bass, organ Joe Magistro: drums, percussion Steve Molitz: keyboards Karl Berger: metallophone John Lindberg: upright bass "Hey Fear": Rich Robinson: guitars, vocals, bass Joe Magistro: drums, percussion Steve Molitz: keyboards "All Along the Way": Rich Robinson: guitars, vocals Joe Magistro: drums, percussion "Follow You Forever": Rich Robinson: guitars, vocals, bass, organ Joe Magistro: drums, percussion Karl Berger: piano "Standing On the Surface of the Sun": Rich Robinson: guitars, vocals, bass Joe Magistro: drums, percussion Steve

This is a document about James Kannis
 Sydney Auditions: A Dollar Away by James Kannis ; Theatre Round Day One: Don't Let Go (Love) by En Vogue ; Theatre Round Day Two: Stayin' Alive by Bee Gees (with Rocky Loprevite & Cameron Avery) ; Theatre Round Day Three: Walking In Memphis by Marc Cohn ; Semi-final (Group 3): Change the World by Babyface & Eric Clapton ; Wildcards: Drift Away by Michael Bolton ; Top 13: Australian Hits – The Day You Went Away by Wendy Matthews ; Top 11: 1960s Theme – Hold On, I'm Coming! by Sam & Dave ; Top 10: Rock Supergroups – Layla by Eric Clapton ; Top 9: Idols' Choice – Love the One You're With by Luther Vandross

This is a document about Ne me quitte pas
  ; 2014: Caro Emerald as a digital download performed in both French and English. ; 2015: Lauryn Hill for the album Nina Revisited… A Tribute to Nina Simone. The pop standard "If You Go Away", with lyrics by Rod McKuen, has been covered by many artists including Ray Charles. Different lyrics by Momus, closer to those of the original, render the song as "Don't Leave", added to all reissues of his 1986 album Circus Maximus. American duo the Black Veils translate the song as "Don't Leave Me" on their 2009 album Troubadours, which includes translations of six other French chansons. Sung by Holcombe Waller in Ryan Trecartin's "Sibling Topics (section a)" at 23:10.

This is a document about Everytime You Go Away
  "Everytime You Go Away" is a song written and composed by Daryl Hall. It was first recorded in 1980 by the American duo Hall & Oates but was not released as a single. A cover version of the song by Paul Young became an international hit in 1985, reaching No. 1 in the US and No. 4 in the UK.

The original singer of "Gone Away" is not mentioned in the provided text. The text discusses the versions of "Gone Away" performed by Isolation, The Impressions, and the Offspring.


Question: when did call me by your name start filming

Answer: May 9 , 2016

This is a document about Call Me by Your Name (film)
  optioned the rights to Aciman's novel. Ivory had been chosen to co-direct with Guadagnino, but stepped down in 2016. Guadagnino had joined the project as a location scout, and eventually became sole director and co-producer. Call Me by Your Name was financed by several international companies, and its principal photography took place mainly in the city and comune of Crema, Lombardy, between May and June 2016. Cinematographer Sayombhu Mukdeeprom used 35 mm film, as opposed to employing digital cinematography. The filmmakers spent weeks decorating Villa Albergoni, one of the main shooting locations. Guadagnino curated the film's soundtrack, which features two original songs by American singer-songwriter Sufjan Stevens. Sony Pictures Classics acquired distribution rights to Call Me by Your Name before its

This is a document about Call Me by Your Name (film)
  Call Me by Your Name had its world premiere on January 22, 2017, at the Sundance Film Festival. Sony Pictures Classics had acquired U.S. distribution rights for $6 million. The deal was negotiated by WME Global and UTA Independent Film Group. International distribution rights were purchased by Memento Films International, a French company that showed the promo reel at the American Film Market in November 2016. The film was screened at the Berlin International Film Festival on February 13, 2017; the Toronto International Film Festival on September 7, 2017; and the New York Film Festival on October 3, 2017. At the Beijing International Film Festival, it was originally scheduled for April 2018, but was removed from the official program with no explanation; Patrick Brzeski of The Hollywood Reporter wrote that the

This is a document about List of accolades received by Call Me by Your Name
  Call Me by Your Name is a 2017 coming-of-age drama film directed by Luca Guadagnino. The screenplay, written by James Ivory, is based on André Aciman's 2007 novel of the same name. Set in Italy in 1983, the film follows Elio Perlman (Timothée Chalamet), an American-Italian Jewish boy, and Oliver (Armie Hammer), a visiting American Jewish scholar, and their ensuing romantic relationship. Michael Stuhlbarg, Amira Casar, Esther Garrel, and Victoire Du Bois feature in supporting roles. Sayombhu Mukdeeprom served as the cinematographer and Sufjan Stevens contributed three songs to the soundtrack. The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 22, 2017. Sony Pictures

This is a document about Call Me by Your Name (film)
  Call Me by Your Name (Chiamami col tuo nome) is a 2017 coming-of-age romantic drama film directed by Luca Guadagnino. Its screenplay, by James Ivory, who also co-produced, is based on the 2007 eponymous novel by André Aciman. The film is the final installment in Guadagnino's thematic "Desire" trilogy, after I Am Love (2009), and A Bigger Splash (2015). Set in 1983 in northern Italy, Call Me by Your Name chronicles the romantic relationship between a 17-year-old, Elio Perlman (Timothée Chalamet), and Oliver (Armie Hammer), a 24-year-old graduate-student assistant to Elio's father Samuel (Michael Stuhlbarg), an archaeology professor. The film also stars actresses Amira Casar, Esther Garrel, and Victoire Du Bois. Development began in 2007 when producers Peter Spears and Howard

This is a document about Call Me by Your Name (film)
  reflected the government's "consistent stance of intolerance toward gay content". That year, the film was honored at the Crema Film Festival: Aciman met the public on June 23, and Garrel joined the screening at the Crema Cathedral on June 30. Call Me by Your Name opened in limited release in the United Kingdom on October 27, 2017, and the United States on November 24, 2017. It expanded from four to thirty locations in the U.S. on December 15, 2017, then to 114 theaters on December 22. It screened in 174 theaters in January 2018, before going into wide release in 815 theaters a few days before the Oscar nomination announcement ceremony on January 19, 2018. On Oscars weekend, the film screened in 914 theaters, its widest release in the U.S. Warner

This is a document about Hanukkah film
  Main article: Call Me by Your Name Call Me by Your Name (Italian: Chiamami col tuo nome) is a 2017 coming-of-age romantic drama film directed by Luca Guadagnino. Its screenplay, by James Ivory, who also co-produced, is based on the 2007 eponymous novel by André Aciman. The film is the final installment in Guadagnino's thematic "Desire" trilogy, after I Am Love (2009), and A Bigger Splash (2015). Set in 1983 in northern Italy, Call Me by Your Name chronicles the romantic relationship between a 17-year-old, Elio Perlman (Timothée Chalamet), and Oliver (Armie Hammer), a 24-year-old graduate-student assistant to Elio's father Samuel (Michael Stuhlbarg), an archaeology professor. The two

This is a document about James Ivory
  In 2017, Ivory wrote and co-produced the film adaptation of Call Me by Your Name a coming-of-age romantic drama film directed by Luca Guadagnino. Its screenplay is based on the 2007 novel of the same name by André Aciman. The film is the final installment in Guadagnino's thematic "Desire" trilogy, after I Am Love (2009), and A Bigger Splash (2015). Set in 1983 in northern Italy, Call Me by Your Name chronicles the romantic relationship between a 17-year-old, Elio Perlman (Timothée Chalamet), and Oliver (Armie Hammer), a 24-year-old graduate-student assistant to Elio's father (Michael Stuhlbarg), an archaeology professor. Ivory originally was to co-direct the film based

This is a document about Call Me by Your Name (film)
   Two of the film's producers, Peter Spears and Howard Rosenman, saw a galley proof of André Aciman's debut novel Call Me by Your Name in 2007 and "optioned" the screen rights before its publication. Rosenman first heard about the book through a friend after acting in Milk (2008) and described it as "divine". Spears, moved by the novel and believing it deserved a cinematic adaptation, received his first credit as a producer from his work on the film. They invited their friend James Ivory to work as an executive producer on the film adaptation. Spears and Rosenman began production in 2008, but the project was soon trapped in "development hell". The producers

This is a document about Call Me by Your Name (film)
  would look terrible if we got in fights on the set, and so on." Guadagnino said Ivory's version would have likely been "a much more costly [and] different film" that would have been too expensive to make. Ivory became the sole-credited screenwriter and later sold the rights to the screenplay to Guadagnino's company. Call Me by Your Name was Ivory's first produced screenplay since Le Divorce (2003) and the only narrative feature he has written but not directed. He remained involved with other aspects of the production. Guadagnino dedicated the film to his late friend Bill Paxton, who came to visit the set in Crema before his death in February 2017.

This is a document about Call Me by Your Name (film)
  Call Me by Your Name grossed $18.1 million in the United States and Canada, and $23.8 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $41.9 million against a production budget of $3.4 million. The film was Sony Pictures Classics' third-highest-grossing release of 2017. In the United States, Call Me by Your Name began its limited run on November 24, 2017, at The Paris Theater and Union Square Theatre in New York City, and the ArcLight Hollywood and Landmark Theater in Los Angeles. The film made $404,874 in its opening weekend—a per-theater average of $101,219. It was the highest average of 2017—the biggest since the opening of La La Land

This is a document about List of accolades received by Call Me by Your Name
  gave the film a limited release in the United States on November 24, 2017, before a wide release on January 19, 2018. Its $101,219 per theater average was the highest opening average of the year, and has earned $41.9 million at the worldwide box office, against a production budget of $3.5 million. Call Me by Your Name received widespread acclaim, particularly for its direction, cinematography, screenplay, music, and performances. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes surveyed 354 reviews and judged 95% of them to be positive. Metacritic calculated a weighted average score of 93/100 based on 53 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim". Call Me by Your Name

This is a document about Armie Hammer
  Fire, which was written and directed by Ben Wheatley, and played U.S. Marine Mike Stevens, in Mine. In 2017 Hammer starred as Oliver in Call Me by Your Name, starring opposite Timothée Chalamet and Michael Stuhlbarg. The film, an adaptation of an André Aciman novel of the same name, was directed by Luca Guadagnino. Production began in May 2016, and the film premiered at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival. For his performance, Hammer received acclaim and nominations for the Critics' Choice Award, the Independent Spirit Award, and the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actor. Film critic Richard Lawson of Vanity Fair asserted that

This is a document about In the Name of the Law (1922 film)
 1) Principal photography on "The Midnight Call" began the week of November 28, 1921 at the Brunton Studios in Los Angeles, California. ; 2) Emory Johnson travels to San Francisco to shoot scenes and exteriors. ; 3) Shooting on "The Midnight Call" continues for the 5th week. ; 4) Post production started the week of January 7, 1922, and continued until March 1922. ; 5) The film was then "shipped East" during the last week of March 1922. ; 6) "The Midnight Call" is listed as "finished" in the first week of April 1922. Shooting Schedule according to Camera! "Pulse of the Studios" section: The movie title was changed to "In the Name of the Law" sometime in June 1922.

This is a document about Call Me by Your Name (film)
   Guadagnino selected the music for Call Me by Your Name himself. He wanted to find an "emotional narrator to the film" through music, in a "less heavy, less present, and more enveloping" way than voice and text. The films Barry Lyndon (1975), The Magnificent Ambersons (1942), and The Age of Innocence (1993) inspired him. Guadagnino wanted the film's music to be connected to Elio, a young pianist who enjoys transcribing and adapting piano pieces and uses music to deepen his relationship with Oliver. Music is used in the film to reflect the period setting, the characters' family life and their level of education, and "the kind of canon they would be a part of". Guadagnino also researched which pop songs had been

This is a document about Timothée Chalamet
  After being attached to the project for three years, Chalamet starred in Luca Guadagnino's Call Me by Your Name, based on the novel of the same name, by André Aciman. The story revolves around Elio Perlman, a young man living in Italy during the 1980s, who falls in love with Oliver (Armie Hammer), a university student who has come to stay with his family. In preparation for the role, Chalamet learned to speak Italian, as well as to play the piano and guitar. Call Me by Your Name premiered at the 2017 Sundance Film Festival to critical acclaim; critics particularly

This is a document about Sufjan Stevens
  In January 2017, it was announced that Stevens would contribute original songs written and recorded by himself for the coming-of-age romantic drama film Call Me by Your Name. The film was released on November 24, 2017 by Sony Pictures Classics. The soundtrack of the film features two new songs and a remix of an existing song by Stevens: "Visions of Gideon", which has been described as containing "lush orchestrations" and "staccato-heavy piano refrains", "Mystery of Love", which was featured in the film's trailer as well as the film itself, and an "ethereal piano arrangement" of The Age of Adz track "Futile Devices". In his review of the film, Consequence of Sound writer Dominick Suzanne-Mayer praised Stevens' work as

This is a document about Michael Stuhlbarg
  partner to Ewan McGregor's character Emmit Stussy. The season premiered in April 2017. In November, Stuhlbarg co-starred as Samuel Perlman, an archaeology professor, whose son Elio (played by Timothée Chalamet) develops a relationship with his father's assistant (played by Armie Hammer), in the romantic drama Call Me by Your Name. Stuhlbarg was moved by Perlman's "sense of generosity and love and understanding" and director Luca Guadagnino said he cast Stuhlbarg because he wanted "someone who could carry a sort of softness and warmth and at the same time communicate a great knowledge and great culture". Perlman's consoling speech given to his son in the film was described by Huffington Post writer

This is a document about Crema, Lombardy
  The film Call Me by Your Name (2017) was shot primarily in Crema. Several historical locations in the surrounding streets in Crema and Pandino were chosen during production, including the Crema Cathedral.

This is a document about Your Name Here
  Matthew Wilder first wrote the screenplay and cast it under the working name Panasonic (meaning 'all sounds at the same time'), until the title was changed as a result of Panasonic Corporation suing Wilder for trademark infringement. While still being referred to as Panasonic, it was announced in July 2006 that filming would begin the following August. However, filming actually took place in September, captured on Digicam HD during a 15-day period that month in Huntington Park and other Los Angeles locations. The project was in post-production in 2007, with its name changed to Your Name here. The project premiered June 13, 2008 at the Cinevegas Film Festival, and later screened in Spain at the Sitges - Catalan International Film Festival and in Canada at the Montréal World Film Festival.

This is a document about Allan Neuwirth
  begin producing together. Their first project, the independent feature film Drawing Home, is scheduled to be released theatrically in 2017.[42] In 2014, Baillou and Neuwirth began development of a feature film about the dysfunctional family life of poet Emily Dickinson, scheduled for filming in 2018,[43] to be directed by Academy Award-nominated cinematographer and director Ellen Kuras.[44]He and Baillou also collaborated in 2016 as executive producers on Change in the Air, and on director Luca Guadagnino's acclaimed indie film Call Me by Your Name, which premiered to raves at the Sundance Film Festival and was bought by Sony Pictures Classics for release late in 2017. Neuwirth served as associate producer. Though involved in

Principal photography for "Call Me by Your Name" began in May 2016.


Question: who won season 4 of america 's got talent

Answer: Kevin Skinner

This is a document about America's Got Talent (season 4)
  The fourth season of American talent show competition series America's Got Talent was broadcast on NBC from June 23 to September 16, 2009. Following the previous season, Jerry Springer was forced to leave the program due to other commitments, and was replaced as host by Nick Cannon. A number of changes were also made to the program before filming commenced, which included replacing the "bootcamp" stage with a round similar in format to that used by Britain's Got Talent, and changing the Buzzer format to match that being used by the Got Talent franchise. In addition, the episodes for results in each live round of the competition were also modified –  they were broadcast over a one-hour period and would feature performances by guest stars. The fourth season was won by Country singer Kevin Skinner, with opera singer Bárbara Padilla finishing in second, and percussion group Recycled Percussion placing third. During its broadcast, the season averaged around over 11.9 million viewers, and was the first in the program's history to be aired in high definition.

This is a document about America's Got Talent
  new season as a fourth judge. For the live episodes of this season, producers opted to change the venue, moving it from Newark to New York, and holding them within Radio City Music Hall. In addition, the format for audition episodes, in terms of presentation style, was changed to match that for Britain's Got Talent - in this arrangement, each episode would consist of a number of auditions chosen from those taken from each major venue used for that season. This season was won by martial arts dancer/mime Kenichi Ebina, becoming the first foreign act to win America's Got Talent, with stand-up comedian Taylor Williamson coming in second, and singer/guitarist Jimmy Rose placed third.

This is a document about America's Got Talent
  The fourth season was aired between June 23 to September 19, 2009, and was the first season to be broadcast in high definition. Auditions were held between January to April –  while the production staff held auditions in venues within New York, Los Angeles, Chicago and Atlanta, they also held additional auditions within Washington, D.C., Miami, Tacoma, Boston, and Houston. Alongside conducting live auditions, participants could also audition being uploading a video of their performance directly to the program's website. Prior to filming taking place, Springer departed from the program following the previous season, and so was replaced as host by Nick Cannon. For the fourth year of the competition, the prize for winning was amended so that the winner not only received a cash prize, but would be given their own 0-week headline show at the Planet Hollywood Resort and Casino on the Las Vegas Strip. Apart from the change in the prize, the results episodes after each performance episode were returned to their original broadcast format. This season was won by country music singer Kevin Skinner, with opera singer Bárbara Padilla coming in second, and percussionists Recycled Percussion placing third.

This is a document about Kodi Lee
  On May 28, 2019, Kodi Lee auditioned for America's Got Talent performing Leon Russell's "A Song For You". Judges Howie Mandel, Gabrielle Union, Julianne Hough and Simon Cowell gave him a standing ovation at the end of the performance. Union pressed the golden buzzer for him, sending him straight through to the live shows of the program. At the quarterfinals, Lee performed Simon and Garfunkel's "Bridge over Troubled Water," again to a standing ovation, and advanced to the semifinals. For the semifinals, Lee performed "You Are the Reason" by Calum Scott. During the results, he was announced as one of the ten finalists for the season. In the finals, he performed "Lost Without You" by Freya Ridings. In the finale that aired on September 18, 2019, he performed "You Are the Reason" again, but with special guest Leona Lewis. At the end of the program, Lee was announced as the winner of season 14, having received the most votes, making him the first autistic and developmentally disabled person to win the show.

This is a document about Mosaic (vocal band)
  On July 22, 2009, Mosaic appeared as a contestant in the preliminary rounds of "America's Got Talent" Season 4, receiving a standing ovation from the Los Angeles audience for their rendition of “Shining Star” by Earth, Wind & Fire. On the July 29, 2009 episode, “Vegas Verdicts Part 1,” Mosaic secured a spot as one of the show’s top 40 contestants. They were eliminated in the first week of the quarterfinals.

This is a document about The Glee Project
  on June 5, 2012, and ran for eleven weeks, concluding on August 14, 2012. There was one winner for the season: Blake Jenner won the seven-episode arc on Glee. He made his first appearance in the fifth episode of season four, "The Role You Were Born to Play", as a McKinley student named Ryder Lynn. He was a recurring character for 18 episodes on season 4 and was promoted to series regular on season 5. Ali Stroker, the runner up, also made an unexpected first appearance in the fourth season episode, "I Do", as Betty Pillsbury. Dani Shay, who was the third person eliminated, was previously a contestant on America's Got Talent (season 6) going as far as the quarter-finals.

This is a document about Grandma Lee
  in Jacksonville. In Tampa in 2004, she reached the final rounds of auditions for Last Comic Standing. In 2009, Strong rose to prominence as a contestant on the fourth season of the reality series America's Got Talent, when she advanced to the final round. She amused audiences with her distinctive raunchy Southern humor. She also flirted with judges Piers Morgan and David Hasselhoff. One of ten finalists, Strong was not selected for the final five during the two-hour finale. She told People, "[My] material is based on the truth. I go up there and wing it… but I had to clean it up for the show. I won’t say a cuss word or anything to jeopardize [myself]. I can do clean or edgy."

This is a document about America's Got Talent (season 14)
  The fourteenth season of American talent show competition series America's Got Talent was broadcast on NBC from May 28 to September 18, 2019. Following the previous season, Tyra Banks left the program to focus on other projects, leading to Terry Crews replacing her as host following his involvement on America's Got Talent: The Champions earlier that year. In addition, both Mel B and Heidi Klum also left the program, with their replacements as judges being Gabrielle Union and Julianne Hough. The guest judges for this season's Judge Cuts stage included Brad Paisley, Dwyane Wade, Ellie Kemper, and Jay Leno, with the semi-finals also involving two additional guest judges, a first in the program's history: Sean Hayes and Queen Latifah. The fourteenth season was won by singer and pianist Kodi Lee, with choir Detroit Youth Choir finishing second, and stand-up comedian Ryan Niemiller placing third. During its broadcast, the season averaged around 9.12 million viewers.

This is a document about Britain's Got Talent (series 4)
  The fourth series of British talent competition programme Britain's Got Talent was broadcast on ITV, from 17 April to 5 June 2010; due to live coverage of the 2010 UEFA Champions League Final on 22 May, the sixth audition episode of the series was pushed back a day to avoid clashing with it. Production on the fourth series during the filmed auditions required Louis Walsh to step in as a guest judge, after Simon Cowell became ill and unable to partake in certain sessions. The fourth series was won by gymnastic troupe Spelbound, with dance duo Twist and Pulse finishing in second place, and drummer Kieran Gaffney placing third. During its broadcast, the series averaged around 11 million viewers. Episodes of the live rounds were the first in the programme's history to feature guest performers within live result episodes, and were also the first to be broadcast in high definition; both the audition episodes and its sister show, Britain's Got More Talent, remained in standard definition until the following year.

This is a document about Michael Grimm (musician)
  On" during semifinals while recovering from a dehydration related illness. Despite the illness, he managed to deliver a performance that was once again praised by the judges, and he advanced to the finals. After performing "Let's Stay Together" in the Top 10 without his guitar, he advanced to the Top 4. In the finale on September 14, 2010, he performed "When a Man Loves a Woman" pointing to his girlfriend, Lucie, in the audience. The following day, it was revealed that Grimm won the show, beating child singer Jackie Evancho. Grimm went to America's Got Talent: The Champions in 2020 eliminated at Preliminary.

This is a document about The Texas Tenors
  The trio auditioned for America's Got Talent season four, performing a crossover version of "Mountain Music". They advanced week after week, finishing in fourth place.

This is a document about Strokes of Life
  Appeared in Season 4

This is a document about The Sing-Off (season 4)
  The fourth season of The Sing-Off premiered on December 9, 2013. The number of a cappella groups was decreased from sixteen back to ten, resulting in a new format. Nick Lachey stayed as host for the new season, with Ben Folds and Shawn Stockman returning as judges. New to the judges' table was Jewel, who replaces Sara Bareilles, who left after one season. Deke Sharon returned as music director and vocal producer. The program ran for seven episodes over the course of two weeks and concluded on December 23, 2013. Though the show's status was unclear after the third season concluded in 2012, NBC announced in March 2013 that it would bring back the program as a special like the first two seasons. A group was eliminated from the show each week in a new feature called the "Ultimate Sing-Off", where the two groups ranked lowest at the end of each show would compete by singing the same song. The groups took turns alternating verses, before ending the song singing together. Also unlike previous seasons, the winner was chosen by the judges instead of by the general public.

This is a document about Kevin Skinner
  Patrick Kevin Skinner (born February 25, 1974) is an American country music singer from the Jackson Purchase region of Kentucky. He is the winner of the fourth season of America's Got Talent.

This is a document about Australia's Got Talent (season 4)
  Australia's Got Talent is an Australian reality television show, based on the original UK series, to find new talent. The fourth season premiered on the Seven Network on 13 April 2010 and ended on 15 June 2010. Radio DJ Kyle Sandilands and Irish singer Brian McFadden joined the judging panel as replacements for Tom Burlinson and Red Symonds. Auditions took place throughout February 2010 and were held in the five major cities across Australia. The live shows began on 11 May 2010 and ended on 15 June 2010, where dance troupe Justice Crew were crowned the winners of the fourth season of Australia's Got Talent. They were awarded a prize of $250,000. Runner-up Cameron Henderson was awarded a runner-up prize of performing at the 2010 AFL Grand Final.

This is a document about My American Dream
  After Boyd won the third season of America's Got Talent, he was signed to Decca Records. Boyd explained that the name of the album reflects on how he met his dream after winning Talent. Songs included on the album are "God Bless the USA," "Ave Maria," "Amazing Grace," West Side Story's song "Somewhere," and his Talent winning song "Nessun Dorma." The album was released on the date of the fourth season premiere of Talent, which was June 23, 2009. Boyd has since gone on tour with Britain's Got Talent winner Paul Potts, and later sang for US President Barack Obama and Missouri Governor Matt Blunt.

This is a document about American Idol (season 4)
  The fourth season of American Idol premiered on January 18, 2005 and continued until May 25, 2005. It was hosted by Ryan Seacrest. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell also returned to judge. Carrie Underwood won the season with approximately 500 million votes cast in the season and 37 million for the finale. Underwood has since gone on to become a seven-time Grammy-winning country megastar. It was also the first season of the series to be aired in high definition.

This is a document about So You Think You Can Dance (Belgian and Dutch TV series)
  The fact that a fourth season had been commissioned was announced during the third season finale. For the first time no alterations were made to hosting duties or the judges panel from the previous season. However, Dan Karaty was prevented from participating in the bootcamp for this season as it was located in Cuba and Karaty, as an American, is prohibited by the trade embargo between the nations from visiting or working within Cuba. The remaining three judges made the ultimate decision on the season's Top 18 dancers. On the 27 November 2011 finale, ballet dancer Nina Plantefève-Castryck was announced the winner of the fourth season and was awarded a choice of dance school opportunities, a cash prize of €25,000, and a role in a music video of David Guetta. With Anna-Alicia Sklias taking second place, the vote also marked the first time in the show's four seasons that first place and first runner-up both went to female contestants, as well as the first time the top two spots both went to classically trained dancers.

This is a document about America's Got Talent
  show for SiriusXM, producers had to agree to move the program's production of live episodes to a venue in New York to avoid disrupting his schedule. As Cowell had made plans to revamp the graphical presentation of America's Got Talent, including the title credits, logo and theme music, the change of venue to the New Jersey Performing Arts Center in Newark, New Jersey not only allowed Cowell to have designers revamp the studio set, but allowed production staff to invite larger audiences for performances in live episodes than in previous seasons. This season was won by dog tricks act Olate Dogs, with comedian Tom Cotter coming in second, and musician William Close placing third.

This is a document about America's Got Talent (season 8)
  The eighth season of American talent show competition series America's Got Talent was broadcast on NBC from June 4 to September 18, 2013. Following the previous season, Sharon Osbourne left the program following a dispute with the network, leading to production staff replacing her with Heidi Klum, while also expanding the judging panel by hiring Mel B to serve as a fourth judge. Alongside these changes, the live rounds for this season were moved to Radio City Music Hall in New York. The eighth season was won by mime dancer Kenichi Ebina, the first foreign act to win the American competition, with stand-up comedian Taylor Williamson finishing in second, and singer and guitarist Jimmy Rose placing third. During its broadcast, the season averaged around over 10.1 million viewers.

Kevin Skinner won season 4 of America's Got Talent. He was a country singer from Bardstown, Kentucky.


Question: when was mcdonald 's sued for hot coffee

Answer: 1994

This is a document about Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants
  Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants, also known as the McDonald's coffee case and the hot coffee lawsuit, was a highly publicized 1994 product liability lawsuit in the United States against McDonald's. Plaintiff Stella Liebeck, a 79-year-old woman, suffered third-degree burns in her pelvic region when she accidentally spilled hot coffee in her lap after purchasing it from a McDonald's restaurant. Liebeck was hospitalized for eight days while undergoing skin grafting, followed by two years of medical treatment. Liebeck sought to settle with McDonald's for $20,000 to cover her medical expenses. Her attorneys argued that, at 180 - 190 F, McDonald's coffee was defective, and more likely to cause serious injury than coffee served at any other establishment. McDonald's had refused several prior opportunities to settle for less than the jury ultimately awarded. The jury damages included $160,000 in compensatory damages to cover medical

This is a document about Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants
  customers intend to consume the coffee immediately while driving. Other documents obtained from McDonald's showed that from 1982 to 1992 the company had received more than 700 reports of people burned by McDonald's coffee to varying degrees of severity, and had settled claims arising from scalding injuries for more than $500,000. McDonald's quality control manager, Christopher Appleton, testified that this number of injuries was insufficient to cause the company to evaluate its practices. He argued that all foods hotter than 130 °F constituted a burn hazard, and that restaurants had more pressing dangers to worry about. The plaintiffs argued that Appleton conceded that McDonald's coffee would burn the mouth and throat if consumed when served.

This is a document about McDonald's
  The 1994 court case Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants examined a McDonald's practice of serving coffee so hot that when spilled, it caused third degree burns requiring weeks of hospitalization and skin grafting surgery. The trial outcome was an award of $2.86 million (equivalent to $ million in ) for the plaintiff, 81-year old Stella Liebeck. The amount was later reduced to $640,000 (equivalent to $ million in ). In 2019, a McDonald's employee, Jenna Ries, sued the restaurant chain over allowing sexual harassment in the work place and described the working environment as "toxic".

This is a document about McDonald's legal cases
  Also known as the "McDonald's coffee case", Liebeck v. McDonald's is a well-known product liability lawsuit that became a flash point in the debate in the U.S. over tort reform after a jury awarded $2.9 million to Stella Liebeck, a 79-year-old woman from Albuquerque, New Mexico, who sued McDonald's after she suffered third-degree burns from hot coffee that was spilled on her at one of the company's drive-thrus in 1992. The trial judge reduced the total award to $640,000, and the parties settled for a confidential amount before an appeal was decided. The case entered popular understanding as an example of frivolous litigation; ABC News calls the case "the poster child of excessive lawsuits." Trial-lawyer groups such as the Association of Trial Lawyers of America and other opponents of tort reform sometimes argue that the suit was justified because of the extent of Liebeck's injuries, as the coffee in question was at a temperature too hot for human consumption which McDonald's failed to provide proper warning. Warning consumers of possible dangers of their products is strictly enforced by the FDA. Furthermore, McDonald's should not be serving substances that are potentially harmful to their consumers.

This is a document about Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants
  The Liebeck case trial took place from August 8 to 17, 1994, before New Mexico District Court Judge Robert H. Scott. During the case, Liebeck's attorneys discovered that McDonald's required franchisees to hold coffee at 180 - 190 F. Liebeck's attorneys argued that coffee should never be served hotter than 140 F, and that a number of other establishments served coffee at a substantially lower temperature than McDonald's. The attorneys presented evidence that coffee they had tested all over the city was served at a temperature at least 20°F (11°C) lower than McDonald's coffee. They also presented the jury with expert testimony that 190 F coffee may produce third-degree burns (where skin grafting is necessary) in

This is a document about Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants
  On June 27, 2011, HBO premiered a documentary about tort reform problems titled Hot Coffee. A large portion of the film covered Liebeck's lawsuit. This included news clips, comments from celebrities and politicians about the case, as well as myths and misconceptions, including how many people thought she was driving when the incident occurred and thought that she suffered only minor superficial burns. The film also discussed in great depth how Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants is often used and misused to describe a frivolous lawsuit and referenced in conjunction with tort reform efforts. It contends that corporations have spent millions promoting misconceptions of tort cases in order to promote tort reform. In reality, the majority of damages in the case were punitive due to McDonald's' reckless disregard for the number of burn victims prior to Liebeck.

This is a document about List of tort cases
  a duty. House of Lords case. ; McDonald's coffee case: An American court case that became a cause célèbre for advocates of tort reform. A 79-year-old woman received third degree burns from spilled coffee purchased from the restaurant chain and sued to recover her costs.  The coffee that patrons bought at the drive-through, it turns out, was heated to be much hotter than the coffee they served inside was. The jury found the conduct of McDonald's so objectionable that they not only awarded her compensatory damages, but awarded the woman millions of dollars in punitive damages.  Many casual observers considered this excessive.  The punitive damages were later significantly reduced by a judge on appeal, though

This is a document about Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants
  In McMahon v. Bunn Matic Corporation (1998), Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Frank Easterbrook wrote a unanimous opinion affirming dismissal of a similar lawsuit against coffeemaker manufacturer Bunn-O-Matic, finding that 179 °F hot coffee was not "unreasonably dangerous". In Bogle v. McDonald's Restaurants Ltd. (2002), a similar lawsuit in the United Kingdom failed when the court rejected the claim that McDonald's could have avoided injury by serving coffee at a lower temperature. Since Liebeck, major vendors of coffee, including Chick-Fil-A, Starbucks, Dunkin' Donuts, Wendy's, Burger King, hospitals, and McDonald's have been defendants in similar lawsuits over coffee-related burns. There have also been lawsuits over injuries from other hot liquids. Two years prior to Liebeck, a similar lawsuit was settled during the trial for $15 million due to injuries from a sink in a rented apartment.

This is a document about Hot Coffee (film)
  Hot Coffee is a 2011 documentary film that analyzes and discusses the impact of tort reform on the United States judicial system. It is directed by Susan Saladoff, who has practiced as a medical malpractice attorney for at least 26 years. The film premiered at the 2011 Sundance Film Festival on January 24, 2011, and later aired on HBO on June 27, 2011, as a part of HBO films documentary summer series. The title is derived from the Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants lawsuit, in which the plaintiff Liebeck was severely burned after spilling into her lap hot coffee purchased from a McDonald's.

This is a document about Cup holder
  of "car cups" designed to fit within most cars' cup holders; these have a narrower base but flare outward after a short cylindrical distance. The installation of cup holders in automobiles increased significantly after Stella Liebeck v. McDonald's Corporation, in which a 79-year-old woman in Albuquerque, New Mexico ordered hot coffee from a McDonald's restaurant and, when it spilled, was scalded so severely she required skin grafts. In her suit against McDonald's the jury awarded her US$2.7 million in damages (later reduced by the judge to US$640,000). Before the inevitable appeal could be heard, the case was settled privately for an undisclosed sum.

This is a document about Duty to warn
  and 30,000 batteries, Samsung found that the overheating and the burning phones was resulted from the error in designing and manufacturing the batteries of its two suppliers. An issue in product liability cases is whether the product warranted a duty to warn about known dangers. In the popularized 1994 Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants case where the individual Liebeck sued McDonald's for damages for injuries due to spilling hot coffee on her lap. McDonald's was cited not to have properly warned consumers about the inherent danger of their coffee product. In addition, McDonald's was aware of previous injuries from hot coffee injuries and had not properly warned the consumers, which resulted in the court awarding Liebeck $640,000 in damages, which was later settled for an undisclosed amount.

This is a document about Punitive damages
  was at the time two days of McDonald's coffee sales revenue. The judge later reduced the punitive damages to $480,000. The case is often criticized for the very high amount of damages the jury awarded. Nevertheless, many legal scholars and documentary film makers like Hot Coffee argued that corporate lobbyists seized the opportunity to create public misinformation and distrust of the legal system by leaving out important facts in their television advertisements, such as, that the verdict was roughly equivalent to 2 days of coffee sales for McDonald's, that Liebeck received permanent injury to her genitals and groin requiring surgery,

This is a document about Coffee wars
  the social and cultural perceptions of Starbucks. However Starbucks chief executive Howard Schultz, a major proponent of coffee wars, voiced his concern about market saturation and vocally opposed the comparison between the McCafé and his firm's products. "We are up for the defense and we are going to get on the offense," Schultz told investors in late-2008. John Moore, the firm's marketing head, denounced McDonald's as "selling hot, brown liquid masquerading as coffee" in 2003, in reference to recent market gains. In line with this the spread of instant coffee has also intensified competition in the packed coffee markets, particularly

This is a document about Punitive damages
  the case of TXO Production Corp. v. Alliance Resources Corp., where it affirmed an award of $10 million in punitive damages, despite the compensatory damages being only $19,000, a punitive-to-compensatory ratio of more than 526 to 1. In this case, the Supreme Court affirmed that disproportionate punitive damages were allowed for especially egregious conduct. In the case of Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants (1994), 79-year-old Stella Liebeck spilled McDonald's coffee in her lap which resulted in second and third-degree burns on her thighs, buttocks, groin and genitals. The burns were severe enough to require skin grafts. Liebeck attempted to have McDonald's pay

This is a document about Hot Coffee (film)
  government agency, but a lobbying group for businesses) funded negative campaign ads against judicial candidate Oliver E. Diaz and in support of candidate Keith Starrett. Oliver E. Diaz estimates ~$1,000,000+ dollars was spent on Keith Starrett's behalf for the judicial election. ; 4) Jones v. Halliburton Co., 625 F. Supp. 2d 339 (S.D. Tex. 2008) (refusing to enforce mandatory arbitration of Jones's employment contract with respect to her claims of assault and battery, intentional infliction of emotional distress, negligent hiring, retention, and supervision, and false imprisonment), aff'd, 583 F.3d 228 (5th Cir. 2009) Hot Coffee discusses several cases and relates each to tort reform in the United States:

This is a document about Robert W. Sweet
  One controversial case he decided was Pelman v McDonald's Corp., a case involving a group of teenagers who sued McDonald's fast-food chain, claiming the food sold by McDonald's caused their obesity. Sweet accepted the case in 2003 and said "it is the place of the law to protect them against their own excesses". However, the plaintiffs appealed to United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, and in 2005 the circuit court vacated the district court's dismissal and reinstated some of the claims as incorrectly dismissed. (Ultimately, the lawsuit failed when it was denied class-action status in 2010.)

This is a document about McDonald's legal cases
  McDonald's has been involved in a number of lawsuits and other legal cases in the course of the fast food chain's 70-year history. Many of these have involved trademark issues, but McDonald's has also launched a defamation suit which has been described as "the biggest corporate PR disaster in history".

This is a document about Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants
  and $2.7 million in punitive damages, the equivalent of two days of McDonald's coffee sales. The trial judge reduced the punitive damages to three times the amount of the compensatory damages, totalling $640,000. The parties settled for a confidential amount before an appeal was decided. The Liebeck case became a flashpoint in the debate in the United States over tort reform. It was cited by some as an example of frivolous litigation; ABC News called the case "the poster child of excessive lawsuits", while the legal scholar Jonathan Turley argued that the claim was "a meaningful and worthy lawsuit". Ex-attorney Susan Saladoff sees the portrayal in the media as purposeful misrepresentation due to political and corporate influence. In June 2011, HBO premiered Hot Coffee, a documentary that discussed in depth how the Liebeck case has centered in debates on tort reform.

This is a document about Randy Cassingham
  Cassingham is also the Founder of the "True Stella Awards", a web site dedicated to informing the public about allegedly frivolous legal cases. The site was expanded into a 2005 book of the same name, published by Dutton, an imprint of the Penguin Group. The awards were given between 2002 and 2007 to people who filed "outrageous and frivolous lawsuits". There are also a number of false Stella Awards circulating on the Internet. The awards were named after Stella Liebeck who, in 1992, received third degree burns to her thighs and genitals after ordering a cup of McDonald's coffee at a drive thru, putting it in between her knees while sitting in the passenger seat of her grandson's stationary car, and attempted to remove the lid in order to add cream and sugar. The coffee was at

This is a document about Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants
  The Liebeck case is cited by some as an example of frivolous litigation. ABC News called the case "the poster child of excessive lawsuits". Legal commentator Jonathan Turley called it "a meaningful and worthy lawsuit". McDonald's asserts that the outcome of the case was a fluke, and attributed the loss to poor communications and strategy by an unfamiliar insurer representing a franchise. Liebeck's attorney, Reed Morgan, and the Association of Trial Lawyers of America defended the result in Liebeck by claiming that McDonald's reduced the temperature of its coffee after the suit, although it is not clear whether McDonald's in fact had done so. Detractors have

McDonald's was sued for hot coffee in 1994.