import * as fs from 'fs';

//in
// 2 3 3
//out
// 0 2

function main(inp: string) {
    let [a, b, k]: number[] = inp.split(' ').map(Number)

    for (let i = 0; i < k; i++) {
        if (a > 0) {
            a--
            continue
        }
        if (b > 0) {
            b--
        }
    }
    console.log(`${a} ${b}`);
}

main(fs.readFileSync('/dev/stdin', 'utf8').trim());


const input=require('fs').readFileSync('/dev/stdin','utf8').split(/[\s]/);let input_i=-1;const tn=():number=>{input_i++;return Number(input[input_i])};const tnn=(n:number):number[]=>{const a=[];for(let i=0;i<n;i++){a.push(tn())}return a};const ts=():string=>{input_i++;return String(input[input_i])};const tss=(n:number):string[]=>{const a=[];for(let i=0;i<n;i++){a.push(ts())}return a};const to=(...arg)=>{console.log(...arg)};const abs=(a)=>{return Math.abs(a)};const min=(...a)=>{return Math.min(...a)};const max=(...a)=>{return Math.max(...a)};const floor=(a)=>{return Math.floor(a)};const ceil=(a)=>{return Math.ceil(a)};const asc=(ar:number[])=>{const t=[...ar];return ar.sort((a,b)=>{return a-b})};const desc=(ar:number[])=>{const t=[...ar];return t.sort((a,b)=>{return b-a})};const sw=(a,arr:any[],op:'=='|'>='|'>'|'<='|'<'='==')=>{for(let i=0;i<arr.length-1;i+=2){if(eval(a+op+arr[i])){return arr[i+1]}}return arr[arr.length-1]};const near=(n:number,arr:number[]):number=>{let ne=arr[0],ni=0;for(let i=1;i<arr.length;i++){if(Math.abs(n-ne)>Math.abs(n-arr[i])){ne=arr[i];ni=i}}return ni};const deduplicate=(a:any[]):any[]=>{return Array.from(new Set(a))};const gcd=(x,y)=>{while(y){[x,y]=[y,x%y]}return x};const sum=(arr)=>{return arr.reduce((a,b)=>a+b);};
const bigInt=function(undefined){"use strict";var BASE=1e7,LOG_BASE=7,MAX_INT=9007199254740992,MAX_INT_ARR=smallToArray(MAX_INT),DEFAULT_ALPHABET="0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";var supportsNativeBigInt=typeof BigInt==="function";function Integer(v,radix?,alphabet?,caseSensitive?){if(typeof v==="undefined")return Integer[0];if(typeof radix!=="undefined")return+radix===10&&!alphabet?parseValue(v):parseBase(v,radix,alphabet,caseSensitive);return parseValue(v)}function BigInteger(value,sign){this.value=value;this.sign=sign;this.isSmall=false}BigInteger.prototype=Object.create(Integer.prototype);function SmallInteger(value){this.value=value;this.sign=value<0;this.isSmall=true}SmallInteger.prototype=Object.create(Integer.prototype);function NativeBigInt(value){this.value=value}NativeBigInt.prototype=Object.create(Integer.prototype);function isPrecise(n){return-MAX_INT<n&&n<MAX_INT}function smallToArray(n){if(n<1e7)return[n];if(n<1e14)return[n%1e7,Math.floor(n/1e7)];return[n%1e7,Math.floor(n/1e7)%1e7,Math.floor(n/1e14)]}function arrayToSmall(arr){trim(arr);var length=arr.length;if(length<4&&compareAbs(arr,MAX_INT_ARR)<0){switch(length){case 0:return 0;case 1:return arr[0];case 2:return arr[0]+arr[1]*BASE;default:return arr[0]+(arr[1]+arr[2]*BASE)*BASE}}return arr}function trim(v){var i=v.length;while(v[--i]===0);v.length=i+1}function createArray(length){var x=new Array(length);var i=-1;while(++i<length){x[i]=0}return x}function truncate(n){if(n>0)return Math.floor(n);return Math.ceil(n)}function add(a,b){var l_a=a.length,l_b=b.length,r=new Array(l_a),carry=0,base=BASE,sum,i;for(i=0;i<l_b;i++){sum=a[i]+b[i]+carry;carry=sum>=base?1:0;r[i]=sum-carry*base}while(i<l_a){sum=a[i]+carry;carry=sum===base?1:0;r[i++]=sum-carry*base}if(carry>0)r.push(carry);return r}function addAny(a,b){if(a.length>=b.length)return add(a,b);return add(b,a)}function addSmall(a,carry){var l=a.length,r=new Array(l),base=BASE,sum,i;for(i=0;i<l;i++){sum=a[i]-base+carry;carry=Math.floor(sum/base);r[i]=sum-carry*base;carry+=1}while(carry>0){r[i++]=carry%base;carry=Math.floor(carry/base)}return r}BigInteger.prototype.add=function(v){var n=parseValue(v);if(this.sign!==n.sign){return this.subtract(n.negate())}var a=this.value,b=n.value;if(n.isSmall){return new BigInteger(addSmall(a,Math.abs(b)),this.sign)}return new BigInteger(addAny(a,b),this.sign)};BigInteger.prototype.plus=BigInteger.prototype.add;SmallInteger.prototype.add=function(v){var n=parseValue(v);var a=this.value;if(a<0!==n.sign){return this.subtract(n.negate())}var b=n.value;if(n.isSmall){if(isPrecise(a+b))return new SmallInteger(a+b);b=smallToArray(Math.abs(b))}return new BigInteger(addSmall(b,Math.abs(a)),a<0)};SmallInteger.prototype.plus=SmallInteger.prototype.add;NativeBigInt.prototype.add=function(v){return new NativeBigInt(this.value+parseValue(v).value)};NativeBigInt.prototype.plus=NativeBigInt.prototype.add;function subtract(a,b){var a_l=a.length,b_l=b.length,r=new Array(a_l),borrow=0,base=BASE,i,difference;for(i=0;i<b_l;i++){difference=a[i]-borrow-b[i];if(difference<0){difference+=base;borrow=1}else borrow=0;r[i]=difference}for(i=b_l;i<a_l;i++){difference=a[i]-borrow;if(difference<0)difference+=base;else{r[i++]=difference;break}r[i]=difference}for(;i<a_l;i++){r[i]=a[i]}trim(r);return r}function subtractAny(a,b,sign){var value;if(compareAbs(a,b)>=0){value=subtract(a,b)}else{value=subtract(b,a);sign=!sign}value=arrayToSmall(value);if(typeof value==="number"){if(sign)value=-value;return new SmallInteger(value)}return new BigInteger(value,sign)}function subtractSmall(a,b,sign){var l=a.length,r:any=new Array(l),carry=-b,base=BASE,i,difference;for(i=0;i<l;i++){difference=a[i]+carry;carry=Math.floor(difference/base);difference%=base;r[i]=difference<0?difference+base:difference}r=arrayToSmall(r);if(typeof r==="number"){if(sign)r=-r;return new SmallInteger(r)}return new BigInteger(r,sign)}BigInteger.prototype.subtract=function(v){var n=parseValue(v);if(this.sign!==n.sign){return this.add(n.negate())}var a=this.value,b=n.value;if(n.isSmall)return subtractSmall(a,Math.abs(b),this.sign);return subtractAny(a,b,this.sign)};BigInteger.prototype.minus=BigInteger.prototype.subtract;SmallInteger.prototype.subtract=function(v){var n=parseValue(v);var a=this.value;if(a<0!==n.sign){return this.add(n.negate())}var b=n.value;if(n.isSmall){return new SmallInteger(a-b)}return subtractSmall(b,Math.abs(a),a>=0)};SmallInteger.prototype.minus=SmallInteger.prototype.subtract;NativeBigInt.prototype.subtract=function(v){return new NativeBigInt(this.value-parseValue(v).value)};NativeBigInt.prototype.minus=NativeBigInt.prototype.subtract;BigInteger.prototype.negate=function(){return new BigInteger(this.value,!this.sign)};SmallInteger.prototype.negate=function(){var sign=this.sign;var small=new SmallInteger(-this.value);small.sign=!sign;return small};NativeBigInt.prototype.negate=function(){return new NativeBigInt(-this.value)};BigInteger.prototype.abs=function(){return new BigInteger(this.value,false)};SmallInteger.prototype.abs=function(){return new SmallInteger(Math.abs(this.value))};NativeBigInt.prototype.abs=function(){return new NativeBigInt(this.value>=0?this.value:-this.value)};function multiplyLong(a,b){var a_l=a.length,b_l=b.length,l=a_l+b_l,r=createArray(l),base=BASE,product,carry,i,a_i,b_j;for(i=0;i<a_l;++i){a_i=a[i];for(var j=0;j<b_l;++j){b_j=b[j];product=a_i*b_j+r[i+j];carry=Math.floor(product/base);r[i+j]=product-carry*base;r[i+j+1]+=carry}}trim(r);return r}function multiplySmall(a,b){var l=a.length,r=new Array(l),base=BASE,carry=0,product,i;for(i=0;i<l;i++){product=a[i]*b+carry;carry=Math.floor(product/base);r[i]=product-carry*base}while(carry>0){r[i++]=carry%base;carry=Math.floor(carry/base)}return r}function shiftLeft(x,n){var r=[];while(n-- >0)r.push(0);return r.concat(x)}function multiplyKaratsuba(x,y){var n=Math.max(x.length,y.length);if(n<=30)return multiplyLong(x,y);n=Math.ceil(n/2);var b=x.slice(n),a=x.slice(0,n),d=y.slice(n),c=y.slice(0,n);var ac=multiplyKaratsuba(a,c),bd=multiplyKaratsuba(b,d),abcd=multiplyKaratsuba(addAny(a,b),addAny(c,d));var product=addAny(addAny(ac,shiftLeft(subtract(subtract(abcd,ac),bd),n)),shiftLeft(bd,2*n));trim(product);return product}function useKaratsuba(l1,l2){return-.012*l1-.012*l2+15e-6*l1*l2>0}BigInteger.prototype.multiply=function(v){var n=parseValue(v),a=this.value,b=n.value,sign=this.sign!==n.sign,abs;if(n.isSmall){if(b===0)return Integer[0];if(b===1)return this;if(b===-1)return this.negate();abs=Math.abs(b);if(abs<BASE){return new BigInteger(multiplySmall(a,abs),sign)}b=smallToArray(abs)}if(useKaratsuba(a.length,b.length))return new BigInteger(multiplyKaratsuba(a,b),sign);return new BigInteger(multiplyLong(a,b),sign)};BigInteger.prototype.times=BigInteger.prototype.multiply;function multiplySmallAndArray(a,b,sign){if(a<BASE){return new BigInteger(multiplySmall(b,a),sign)}return new BigInteger(multiplyLong(b,smallToArray(a)),sign)}SmallInteger.prototype._multiplyBySmall=function(a){if(isPrecise(a.value*this.value)){return new SmallInteger(a.value*this.value)}return multiplySmallAndArray(Math.abs(a.value),smallToArray(Math.abs(this.value)),this.sign!==a.sign)};BigInteger.prototype._multiplyBySmall=function(a){if(a.value===0)return Integer[0];if(a.value===1)return this;if(a.value===-1)return this.negate();return multiplySmallAndArray(Math.abs(a.value),this.value,this.sign!==a.sign)};SmallInteger.prototype.multiply=function(v){return parseValue(v)._multiplyBySmall(this)};SmallInteger.prototype.times=SmallInteger.prototype.multiply;NativeBigInt.prototype.multiply=function(v){return new NativeBigInt(this.value*parseValue(v).value)};NativeBigInt.prototype.times=NativeBigInt.prototype.multiply;function square(a){var l=a.length,r=createArray(l+l),base=BASE,product,carry,i,a_i,a_j;for(i=0;i<l;i++){a_i=a[i];carry=0-a_i*a_i;for(var j=i;j<l;j++){a_j=a[j];product=2*(a_i*a_j)+r[i+j]+carry;carry=Math.floor(product/base);r[i+j]=product-carry*base}r[i+l]=carry}trim(r);return r}BigInteger.prototype.square=function(){return new BigInteger(square(this.value),false)};SmallInteger.prototype.square=function(){var value=this.value*this.value;if(isPrecise(value))return new SmallInteger(value);return new BigInteger(square(smallToArray(Math.abs(this.value))),false)};NativeBigInt.prototype.square=function(v){return new NativeBigInt(this.value*this.value)};function divMod1(a,b){var a_l=a.length,b_l=b.length,base=BASE,result=createArray(b.length),divisorMostSignificantDigit=b[b_l-1],lambda=Math.ceil(base/(2*divisorMostSignificantDigit)),remainder:any=multiplySmall(a,lambda),divisor=multiplySmall(b,lambda),quotientDigit,shift,carry,borrow,i,l,q;if(remainder.length<=a_l)remainder.push(0);divisor.push(0);divisorMostSignificantDigit=divisor[b_l-1];for(shift=a_l-b_l;shift>=0;shift--){quotientDigit=base-1;if(remainder[shift+b_l]!==divisorMostSignificantDigit){quotientDigit=Math.floor((remainder[shift+b_l]*base+remainder[shift+b_l-1])/divisorMostSignificantDigit)}carry=0;borrow=0;l=divisor.length;for(i=0;i<l;i++){carry+=quotientDigit*divisor[i];q=Math.floor(carry/base);borrow+=remainder[shift+i]-(carry-q*base);carry=q;if(borrow<0){remainder[shift+i]=borrow+base;borrow=-1}else{remainder[shift+i]=borrow;borrow=0}}while(borrow!==0){quotientDigit-=1;carry=0;for(i=0;i<l;i++){carry+=remainder[shift+i]-base+divisor[i];if(carry<0){remainder[shift+i]=carry+base;carry=0}else{remainder[shift+i]=carry;carry=1}}borrow+=carry}result[shift]=quotientDigit}remainder=divModSmall(remainder,lambda)[0];return[arrayToSmall(result),arrayToSmall(remainder)]}function divMod2(a,b){var a_l=a.length,b_l=b.length,result=[],part=[],base=BASE,guess,xlen,highx,highy,check;while(a_l){part.unshift(a[--a_l]);trim(part);if(compareAbs(part,b)<0){result.push(0);continue}xlen=part.length;highx=part[xlen-1]*base+part[xlen-2];highy=b[b_l-1]*base+b[b_l-2];if(xlen>b_l){highx=(highx+1)*base}guess=Math.ceil(highx/highy);do{check=multiplySmall(b,guess);if(compareAbs(check,part)<=0)break;guess--}while(guess);result.push(guess);part=subtract(part,check)}result.reverse();return[arrayToSmall(result),arrayToSmall(part)]}function divModSmall(value,lambda){var length=value.length,quotient=createArray(length),base=BASE,i,q,remainder,divisor;remainder=0;for(i=length-1;i>=0;--i){divisor=remainder*base+value[i];q=truncate(divisor/lambda);remainder=divisor-q*lambda;quotient[i]=q|0}return[quotient,remainder|0]}function divModAny(self,v){var value,n=parseValue(v);if(supportsNativeBigInt){return[new NativeBigInt(self.value/n.value),new NativeBigInt(self.value%n.value)]}var a=self.value,b=n.value;var quotient;if(b===0)throw new Error("Cannot divide by zero");if(self.isSmall){if(n.isSmall){return[new SmallInteger(truncate(a/b)),new SmallInteger(a%b)]}return[Integer[0],self]}if(n.isSmall){if(b===1)return[self,Integer[0]];if(b==-1)return[self.negate(),Integer[0]];var abs=Math.abs(b);if(abs<BASE){value=divModSmall(a,abs);quotient=arrayToSmall(value[0]);var remainder=value[1];if(self.sign)remainder=-remainder;if(typeof quotient==="number"){if(self.sign!==n.sign)quotient=-quotient;return[new SmallInteger(quotient),new SmallInteger(remainder)]}return[new BigInteger(quotient,self.sign!==n.sign),new SmallInteger(remainder)]}b=smallToArray(abs)}var comparison=compareAbs(a,b);if(comparison===-1)return[Integer[0],self];if(comparison===0)return[Integer[self.sign===n.sign?1:-1],Integer[0]];if(a.length+b.length<=200)value=divMod1(a,b);else value=divMod2(a,b);quotient=value[0];var qSign=self.sign!==n.sign,mod=value[1],mSign=self.sign;if(typeof quotient==="number"){if(qSign)quotient=-quotient;quotient=new SmallInteger(quotient)}else quotient=new BigInteger(quotient,qSign);if(typeof mod==="number"){if(mSign)mod=-mod;mod=new SmallInteger(mod)}else mod=new BigInteger(mod,mSign);return[quotient,mod]}BigInteger.prototype.divmod=function(v){var result=divModAny(this,v);return{quotient:result[0],remainder:result[1]}};NativeBigInt.prototype.divmod=SmallInteger.prototype.divmod=BigInteger.prototype.divmod;BigInteger.prototype.divide=function(v){return divModAny(this,v)[0]};NativeBigInt.prototype.over=NativeBigInt.prototype.divide=function(v){return new NativeBigInt(this.value/parseValue(v).value)};SmallInteger.prototype.over=SmallInteger.prototype.divide=BigInteger.prototype.over=BigInteger.prototype.divide;BigInteger.prototype.mod=function(v){return divModAny(this,v)[1]};NativeBigInt.prototype.mod=NativeBigInt.prototype.remainder=function(v){return new NativeBigInt(this.value%parseValue(v).value)};SmallInteger.prototype.remainder=SmallInteger.prototype.mod=BigInteger.prototype.remainder=BigInteger.prototype.mod;BigInteger.prototype.pow=function(v){var n=parseValue(v),a=this.value,b:any=n.value,value,x,y;if(b===0)return Integer[1];if(a===0)return Integer[0];if(a===1)return Integer[1];if(a===-1)return n.isEven()?Integer[1]:Integer[-1];if(n.sign){return Integer[0]}if(!n.isSmall)throw new Error("The exponent "+n.toString()+" is too large.");if(this.isSmall){if(isPrecise(value=Math.pow(a,b)))return new SmallInteger(truncate(value))}x=this;y=Integer[1];while(true){if((x & -x&1)===1){y=y.times(x);--b}if(b===0)break;b/=2;x=x.square()}return y};SmallInteger.prototype.pow=BigInteger.prototype.pow;NativeBigInt.prototype.pow=function(v){var n=parseValue(v);var a=this.value,b=n.value;var _0=BigInt(0),_1=BigInt(1),_2=BigInt(2);if(b===_0)return Integer[1];if(a===_0)return Integer[0];if(a===_1)return Integer[1];if(a===BigInt(-1))return n.isEven()?Integer[1]:Integer[-1];if(n.isNegative())return new NativeBigInt(_0);var x=this;var y=Integer[1];while(true){if((b&_1)===_1){y=y.times(x);--b}if(b===_0)break;b/=_2;x=x.square()}return y};BigInteger.prototype.modPow=function(exp,mod){exp=parseValue(exp);mod=parseValue(mod);if(mod.isZero())throw new Error("Cannot take modPow with modulus 0");var r=Integer[1],base=this.mod(mod);while(exp.isPositive()){if(base.isZero())return Integer[0];if(exp.isOdd())r=r.multiply(base).mod(mod);exp=exp.divide(2);base=base.square().mod(mod)}return r};NativeBigInt.prototype.modPow=SmallInteger.prototype.modPow=BigInteger.prototype.modPow;function compareAbs(a,b){if(a.length!==b.length){return a.length>b.length?1:-1}for(var i=a.length-1;i>=0;i--){if(a[i]!==b[i])return a[i]>b[i]?1:-1}return 0}BigInteger.prototype.compareAbs=function(v){var n=parseValue(v),a=this.value,b=n.value;if(n.isSmall)return 1;return compareAbs(a,b)};SmallInteger.prototype.compareAbs=function(v){var n=parseValue(v),a=Math.abs(this.value),b=n.value;if(n.isSmall){b=Math.abs(b);return a===b?0:a>b?1:-1}return-1};NativeBigInt.prototype.compareAbs=function(v){var a=this.value;var b=parseValue(v).value;a=a>=0?a:-a;b=b>=0?b:-b;return a===b?0:a>b?1:-1};BigInteger.prototype.compare=function(v){if(v===Infinity){return-1}if(v===-Infinity){return 1}var n=parseValue(v),a=this.value,b=n.value;if(this.sign!==n.sign){return n.sign?1:-1}if(n.isSmall){return this.sign?-1:1}return compareAbs(a,b)*(this.sign?-1:1)};BigInteger.prototype.compareTo=BigInteger.prototype.compare;SmallInteger.prototype.compare=function(v){if(v===Infinity){return-1}if(v===-Infinity){return 1}var n=parseValue(v),a=this.value,b=n.value;if(n.isSmall){return a==b?0:a>b?1:-1}if(a<0!==n.sign){return a<0?-1:1}return a<0?1:-1};SmallInteger.prototype.compareTo=SmallInteger.prototype.compare;NativeBigInt.prototype.compare=function(v){if(v===Infinity){return-1}if(v===-Infinity){return 1}var a=this.value;var b=parseValue(v).value;return a===b?0:a>b?1:-1};NativeBigInt.prototype.compareTo=NativeBigInt.prototype.compare;BigInteger.prototype.equals=function(v){return this.compare(v)===0};NativeBigInt.prototype.eq=NativeBigInt.prototype.equals=SmallInteger.prototype.eq=SmallInteger.prototype.equals=BigInteger.prototype.eq=BigInteger.prototype.equals;BigInteger.prototype.notEquals=function(v){return this.compare(v)!==0};NativeBigInt.prototype.neq=NativeBigInt.prototype.notEquals=SmallInteger.prototype.neq=SmallInteger.prototype.notEquals=BigInteger.prototype.neq=BigInteger.prototype.notEquals;BigInteger.prototype.greater=function(v){return this.compare(v)>0};NativeBigInt.prototype.gt=NativeBigInt.prototype.greater=SmallInteger.prototype.gt=SmallInteger.prototype.greater=BigInteger.prototype.gt=BigInteger.prototype.greater;BigInteger.prototype.lesser=function(v){return this.compare(v)<0};NativeBigInt.prototype.lt=NativeBigInt.prototype.lesser=SmallInteger.prototype.lt=SmallInteger.prototype.lesser=BigInteger.prototype.lt=BigInteger.prototype.lesser;BigInteger.prototype.greaterOrEquals=function(v){return this.compare(v)>=0};NativeBigInt.prototype.geq=NativeBigInt.prototype.greaterOrEquals=SmallInteger.prototype.geq=SmallInteger.prototype.greaterOrEquals=BigInteger.prototype.geq=BigInteger.prototype.greaterOrEquals;BigInteger.prototype.lesserOrEquals=function(v){return this.compare(v)<=0};NativeBigInt.prototype.leq=NativeBigInt.prototype.lesserOrEquals=SmallInteger.prototype.leq=SmallInteger.prototype.lesserOrEquals=BigInteger.prototype.leq=BigInteger.prototype.lesserOrEquals;BigInteger.prototype.isEven=function(){return(this.value[0]&1)===0};SmallInteger.prototype.isEven=function(){return(this.value&1)===0};NativeBigInt.prototype.isEven=function(){return(this.value&BigInt(1))===BigInt(0)};BigInteger.prototype.isOdd=function(){return(this.value[0]&1)===1};SmallInteger.prototype.isOdd=function(){return(this.value&1)===1};NativeBigInt.prototype.isOdd=function(){return(this.value&BigInt(1))===BigInt(1)};BigInteger.prototype.isPositive=function(){return!this.sign};SmallInteger.prototype.isPositive=function(){return this.value>0};NativeBigInt.prototype.isPositive=SmallInteger.prototype.isPositive;BigInteger.prototype.isNegative=function(){return this.sign};SmallInteger.prototype.isNegative=function(){return this.value<0};NativeBigInt.prototype.isNegative=SmallInteger.prototype.isNegative;BigInteger.prototype.isUnit=function(){return false};SmallInteger.prototype.isUnit=function(){return Math.abs(this.value)===1};NativeBigInt.prototype.isUnit=function(){return this.abs().value===BigInt(1)};BigInteger.prototype.isZero=function(){return false};SmallInteger.prototype.isZero=function(){return this.value===0};NativeBigInt.prototype.isZero=function(){return this.value===BigInt(0)};BigInteger.prototype.isDivisibleBy=function(v){var n=parseValue(v);if(n.isZero())return false;if(n.isUnit())return true;if(n.compareAbs(2)===0)return this.isEven();return this.mod(n).isZero()};NativeBigInt.prototype.isDivisibleBy=SmallInteger.prototype.isDivisibleBy=BigInteger.prototype.isDivisibleBy;function isBasicPrime(v){var n=v.abs();if(n.isUnit())return false;if(n.equals(2)||n.equals(3)||n.equals(5))return true;if(n.isEven()||n.isDivisibleBy(3)||n.isDivisibleBy(5))return false;if(n.lesser(49))return true}function millerRabinTest(n,a){var nPrev=n.prev(),b=nPrev,r=0,d,t,i,x;while(b.isEven())b=b.divide(2),r++;next:for(i=0;i<a.length;i++){if(n.lesser(a[i]))continue;x=bigInt(a[i]).modPow(b,n);if(x.isUnit()||x.equals(nPrev))continue;for(d=r-1;d!=0;d--){x=x.square().mod(n);if(x.isUnit())return false;if(x.equals(nPrev))continue next}return false}return true}BigInteger.prototype.isPrime=function(strict){var isPrime=isBasicPrime(this);if(isPrime!==undefined)return isPrime;var n=this.abs();var bits=n.bitLength();if(bits<=64)return millerRabinTest(n,[2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37]);var logN=Math.log(2)*bits.toJSNumber();var t=Math.ceil(strict===true?2*Math.pow(logN,2):logN);for(var a=[],i=0;i<t;i++){a.push(bigInt(i+2))}return millerRabinTest(n,a)};NativeBigInt.prototype.isPrime=SmallInteger.prototype.isPrime=BigInteger.prototype.isPrime;BigInteger.prototype.isProbablePrime=function(iterations){var isPrime=isBasicPrime(this);if(isPrime!==undefined)return isPrime;var n=this.abs();var t=iterations===undefined?5:iterations;for(var a=[],i=0;i<t;i++){a.push(bigInt.randBetween(2,n.minus(2)))}return millerRabinTest(n,a)};NativeBigInt.prototype.isProbablePrime=SmallInteger.prototype.isProbablePrime=BigInteger.prototype.isProbablePrime;
BigInteger.prototype.modInv=function(n){var t=bigInt.zero,newT=bigInt.one,r=parseValue(n),newR=this.abs(),q,lastT,lastR;while(!newR.isZero()){q=r.divide(newR);lastT=t;lastR=r;t=newT;r=newR;newT=lastT.subtract(q.multiply(newT));newR=lastR.subtract(q.multiply(newR))}if(!r.isUnit())throw new Error(this.toString()+" and "+n.toString()+" are not co-prime");if(t.compare(0)===-1){t=t.add(n)}if(this.isNegative()){return t.negate()}return t};NativeBigInt.prototype.modInv=SmallInteger.prototype.modInv=BigInteger.prototype.modInv;BigInteger.prototype.next=function(){var value=this.value;if(this.sign){return subtractSmall(value,1,this.sign)}return new BigInteger(addSmall(value,1),this.sign)};SmallInteger.prototype.next=function(){var value=this.value;if(value+1<MAX_INT)return new SmallInteger(value+1);return new BigInteger(MAX_INT_ARR,false)};NativeBigInt.prototype.next=function(){return new NativeBigInt(this.value+BigInt(1))};BigInteger.prototype.prev=function(){var value=this.value;if(this.sign){return new BigInteger(addSmall(value,1),true)}return subtractSmall(value,1,this.sign)};SmallInteger.prototype.prev=function(){var value=this.value;if(value-1>-MAX_INT)return new SmallInteger(value-1);return new BigInteger(MAX_INT_ARR,true)};NativeBigInt.prototype.prev=function(){return new NativeBigInt(this.value-BigInt(1))};var powersOfTwo=[1];while(2*powersOfTwo[powersOfTwo.length-1]<=BASE)powersOfTwo.push(2*powersOfTwo[powersOfTwo.length-1]);var powers2Length=powersOfTwo.length,highestPower2=powersOfTwo[powers2Length-1];function shift_isSmall(n){return Math.abs(n)<=BASE}BigInteger.prototype.shiftLeft=function(v){var n=parseValue(v).toJSNumber();if(!shift_isSmall(n)){throw new Error(String(n)+" is too large for shifting.")}if(n<0)return this.shiftRight(-n);var result=this;if(result.isZero())return result;while(n>=powers2Length){result=result.multiply(highestPower2);n-=powers2Length-1}return result.multiply(powersOfTwo[n])};NativeBigInt.prototype.shiftLeft=SmallInteger.prototype.shiftLeft=BigInteger.prototype.shiftLeft;BigInteger.prototype.shiftRight=function(v){var remQuo;var n=parseValue(v).toJSNumber();if(!shift_isSmall(n)){throw new Error(String(n)+" is too large for shifting.")}if(n<0)return this.shiftLeft(-n);var result=this;while(n>=powers2Length){if(result.isZero()||result.isNegative()&&result.isUnit())return result;remQuo=divModAny(result,highestPower2);result=remQuo[1].isNegative()?remQuo[0].prev():remQuo[0];n-=powers2Length-1}remQuo=divModAny(result,powersOfTwo[n]);return remQuo[1].isNegative()?remQuo[0].prev():remQuo[0]};NativeBigInt.prototype.shiftRight=SmallInteger.prototype.shiftRight=BigInteger.prototype.shiftRight;function bitwise(x,y,fn){y=parseValue(y);var xSign=x.isNegative(),ySign=y.isNegative();var xRem=xSign?x.not():x,yRem=ySign?y.not():y;var xDigit=0,yDigit=0;var xDivMod=null,yDivMod=null;var result=[];while(!xRem.isZero()||!yRem.isZero()){xDivMod=divModAny(xRem,highestPower2);xDigit=xDivMod[1].toJSNumber();if(xSign){xDigit=highestPower2-1-xDigit}yDivMod=divModAny(yRem,highestPower2);yDigit=yDivMod[1].toJSNumber();if(ySign){yDigit=highestPower2-1-yDigit}xRem=xDivMod[0];yRem=yDivMod[0];result.push(fn(xDigit,yDigit))}var sum=fn(xSign?1:0,ySign?1:0)!==0?bigInt(-1):bigInt(0);for(var i=result.length-1;i>=0;i-=1){sum=sum.multiply(highestPower2).add(bigInt(result[i]))}return sum}BigInteger.prototype.not=function(){return this.negate().prev()};NativeBigInt.prototype.not=SmallInteger.prototype.not=BigInteger.prototype.not;BigInteger.prototype.and=function(n){return bitwise(this,n,function(a,b){return a&b})};NativeBigInt.prototype.and=SmallInteger.prototype.and=BigInteger.prototype.and;BigInteger.prototype.or=function(n){return bitwise(this,n,function(a,b){return a|b})};NativeBigInt.prototype.or=SmallInteger.prototype.or=BigInteger.prototype.or;BigInteger.prototype.xor=function(n){return bitwise(this,n,function(a,b){return a^b})};NativeBigInt.prototype.xor=SmallInteger.prototype.xor=BigInteger.prototype.xor;var LOBMASK_I=1<<30,LOBMASK_BI=(BASE&-BASE)*(BASE&-BASE)|LOBMASK_I;function roughLOB(n){var v=n.value,x:any=typeof v==="number"?v|LOBMASK_I:typeof v==="bigint"?v|BigInt(LOBMASK_I):v[0]+v[1]*BASE|LOBMASK_BI;return x&-x}function integerLogarithm(value,base){if(base.compareTo(value)<=0){var tmp=integerLogarithm(value,base.square(base));var p=tmp.p;var e=tmp.e;var t=p.multiply(base);return t.compareTo(value)<=0?{p:t,e:e*2+1}:{p:p,e:e*2}}return{p:bigInt(1),e:0}}BigInteger.prototype.bitLength=function(){var n=this;if(n.compareTo(bigInt(0))<0){n=n.negate().subtract(bigInt(1))}if(n.compareTo(bigInt(0))===0){return bigInt(0)}return bigInt(integerLogarithm(n,bigInt(2)).e).add(bigInt(1))};NativeBigInt.prototype.bitLength=SmallInteger.prototype.bitLength=BigInteger.prototype.bitLength;function max(a,b){a=parseValue(a);b=parseValue(b);return a.greater(b)?a:b}function min(a,b){a=parseValue(a);b=parseValue(b);return a.lesser(b)?a:b}function gcd(a,b){a=parseValue(a).abs();b=parseValue(b).abs();if(a.equals(b))return a;if(a.isZero())return b;if(b.isZero())return a;var c=Integer[1],d,t;while(a.isEven()&&b.isEven()){d=min(roughLOB(a),roughLOB(b));a=a.divide(d);b=b.divide(d);c=c.multiply(d)}while(a.isEven()){a=a.divide(roughLOB(a))}do{while(b.isEven()){b=b.divide(roughLOB(b))}if(a.greater(b)){t=b;b=a;a=t}b=b.subtract(a)}while(!b.isZero());return c.isUnit()?a:a.multiply(c)}function lcm(a,b){a=parseValue(a).abs();b=parseValue(b).abs();return a.divide(gcd(a,b)).multiply(b)}function randBetween(a,b){a=parseValue(a);b=parseValue(b);var low=min(a,b),high=max(a,b);var range=high.subtract(low).add(1);if(range.isSmall)return low.add(Math.floor(Math.random()*range));var digits=toBase(range,BASE).value;var result=[],restricted=true;for(var i=0;i<digits.length;i++){var top=restricted?digits[i]:BASE;var digit=truncate(Math.random()*top);result.push(digit);if(digit<top)restricted=false}return low.add(Integer.fromArray(result,BASE,false))}var parseBase=function(text,base,alphabet,caseSensitive){alphabet=alphabet||DEFAULT_ALPHABET;text=String(text);if(!caseSensitive){text=text.toLowerCase();alphabet=alphabet.toLowerCase()}var length=text.length;var i;var absBase=Math.abs(base);var alphabetValues={};for(i=0;i<alphabet.length;i++){alphabetValues[alphabet[i]]=i}for(i=0;i<length;i++){var c=text[i];if(c==="-")continue;if(c in alphabetValues){if(alphabetValues[c]>=absBase){if(c==="1"&&absBase===1)continue;throw new Error(c+" is not a valid digit in base "+base+".")}}}base=parseValue(base);var digits=[];var isNegative=text[0]==="-";for(i=isNegative?1:0;i<text.length;i++){var c=text[i];if(c in alphabetValues)digits.push(parseValue(alphabetValues[c]));else if(c==="<"){var start=i;do{i++}while(text[i]!==">"&&i<text.length);digits.push(parseValue(text.slice(start+1,i)))}else throw new Error(c+" is not a valid character")}return parseBaseFromArray(digits,base,isNegative)};function parseBaseFromArray(digits,base,isNegative){var val=Integer[0],pow=Integer[1],i;for(i=digits.length-1;i>=0;i--){val=val.add(digits[i].times(pow));pow=pow.times(base)}return isNegative?val.negate():val}function stringify(digit,alphabet){alphabet=alphabet||DEFAULT_ALPHABET;if(digit<alphabet.length){return alphabet[digit]}return"<"+digit+">"}function toBase(n,base){base=bigInt(base);if(base.isZero()){if(n.isZero())return{value:[0],isNegative:false};throw new Error("Cannot convert nonzero numbers to base 0.")}if(base.equals(-1)){if(n.isZero())return{value:[0],isNegative:false};if(n.isNegative())return{value:[].concat.apply([],Array.apply(null,Array(-n.toJSNumber())).map(Array.prototype.valueOf,[1,0])),isNegative:false};var arr=Array.apply(null,Array(n.toJSNumber()-1)).map(Array.prototype.valueOf,[0,1]);arr.unshift([1]);return{value:[].concat.apply([],arr),isNegative:false}}var neg=false;if(n.isNegative()&&base.isPositive()){neg=true;n=n.abs()}if(base.isUnit()){if(n.isZero())return{value:[0],isNegative:false};return{value:Array.apply(null,Array(n.toJSNumber())).map(Number.prototype.valueOf,1),isNegative:neg}}var out=[];var left=n,divmod;while(left.isNegative()||left.compareAbs(base)>=0){divmod=left.divmod(base);left=divmod.quotient;var digit=divmod.remainder;if(digit.isNegative()){digit=base.minus(digit).abs();left=left.next()}out.push(digit.toJSNumber())}out.push(left.toJSNumber());return{value:out.reverse(),isNegative:neg}}function toBaseString(n,base,alphabet){var arr=toBase(n,base);return(arr.isNegative?"-":"")+arr.value.map(function(x){return stringify(x,alphabet)}).join("")}BigInteger.prototype.toArray=function(radix){return toBase(this,radix)};SmallInteger.prototype.toArray=function(radix){return toBase(this,radix)};NativeBigInt.prototype.toArray=function(radix){return toBase(this,radix)};BigInteger.prototype.toString=function(radix,alphabet){if(radix===undefined)radix=10;if(radix!==10)return toBaseString(this,radix,alphabet);var v=this.value,l=v.length,str=String(v[--l]),zeros="0000000",digit;while(--l>=0){digit=String(v[l]);str+=zeros.slice(digit.length)+digit}var sign=this.sign?"-":"";return sign+str};SmallInteger.prototype.toString=function(radix,alphabet){if(radix===undefined)radix=10;if(radix!=10)return toBaseString(this,radix,alphabet);return String(this.value)};NativeBigInt.prototype.toString=SmallInteger.prototype.toString;NativeBigInt.prototype.toJSON=BigInteger.prototype.toJSON=SmallInteger.prototype.toJSON=function(){return this.toString()};BigInteger.prototype.valueOf=function(){return parseInt(this.toString(),10)};BigInteger.prototype.toJSNumber=BigInteger.prototype.valueOf;SmallInteger.prototype.valueOf=function(){return this.value};SmallInteger.prototype.toJSNumber=SmallInteger.prototype.valueOf;NativeBigInt.prototype.valueOf=NativeBigInt.prototype.toJSNumber=function(){return parseInt(this.toString(),10)};function parseStringValue(v){if(isPrecise(+v)){var x=+v;if(x===truncate(x))return supportsNativeBigInt?new NativeBigInt(BigInt(x)):new SmallInteger(x);throw new Error("Invalid integer: "+v)}var sign=v[0]==="-";if(sign)v=v.slice(1);var split=v.split(/e/i);if(split.length>2)throw new Error("Invalid integer: "+split.join("e"));if(split.length===2){var exp=split[1];if(exp[0]==="+")exp=exp.slice(1);exp=+exp;if(exp!==truncate(exp)||!isPrecise(exp))throw new Error("Invalid integer: "+exp+" is not a valid exponent.");var text=split[0];var decimalPlace=text.indexOf(".");if(decimalPlace>=0){exp-=text.length-decimalPlace-1;text=text.slice(0,decimalPlace)+text.slice(decimalPlace+1)}if(exp<0)throw new Error("Cannot include negative exponent part for integers");text+=new Array(exp+1).join("0");v=text}var isValid=/^([0-9][0-9]*)$/.test(v);if(!isValid)throw new Error("Invalid integer: "+v);if(supportsNativeBigInt){return new NativeBigInt(BigInt(sign?"-"+v:v))}var r=[],max=v.length,l=LOG_BASE,min=max-l;while(max>0){r.push(+v.slice(min,max));min-=l;if(min<0)min=0;max-=l}trim(r);return new BigInteger(r,sign)}function parseNumberValue(v){if(supportsNativeBigInt){return new NativeBigInt(BigInt(v))}if(isPrecise(v)){if(v!==truncate(v))throw new Error(v+" is not an integer.");return new SmallInteger(v)}return parseStringValue(v.toString())}function parseValue(v){if(typeof v==="number"){return parseNumberValue(v)}if(typeof v==="string"){return parseStringValue(v)}if(typeof v==="bigint"){return new NativeBigInt(v)}return v}for(var i=0;i<1e3;i++){Integer[i]=parseValue(i);if(i>0)Integer[-i]=parseValue(-i)}Integer.one=Integer[1];Integer.zero=Integer[0];Integer.minusOne=Integer[-1];Integer.max=max;Integer.min=min;Integer.gcd=gcd;Integer.lcm=lcm;Integer.isInstance=function(x){return x instanceof BigInteger||x instanceof SmallInteger||x instanceof NativeBigInt};Integer.randBetween=randBetween;Integer.fromArray=function(digits,base,isNegative){return parseBaseFromArray(digits.map(parseValue),parseValue(base||10),isNegative)};return Integer}();if(typeof module!=="undefined"&&module.hasOwnProperty("exports")){module.exports=bigInt}
const main=()=>{
  let [a,b,k]=tss(3)
  if(bigInt(a).minus(k).gt(-1)){
    [a,k]=[bigInt(a).minus(k),bigInt(k).minus(a)]
  }else{
    [a,k]=[bigInt(0),bigInt(k).minus(a)]
  }
  if(bigInt(b).minus(k).gt(-1)){
    [b,k]=[bigInt(b).minus(k),bigInt(k).minus(b)]
  }else{
    [b,k]=[bigInt(0),bigInt(k).minus(b)]
  }
  to(bigInt(a).toString(),bigInt(b).toString())
}
main()


const input=require('fs').readFileSync('/dev/stdin','utf8').split(/[\s]/);let input_i=-1;const tn=():number=>{input_i++;return Number(input[input_i])};const tnn=(n:number):number[]=>{const a=[];for(let i=0;i<n;i++){a.push(tn())}return a};const ts=():string=>{input_i++;return String(input[input_i])};const tss=(n:number):string[]=>{const a=[];for(let i=0;i<n;i++){a.push(ts())}return a};const to=(...arg)=>{console.log(...arg)};const abs=(a)=>{return Math.abs(a)};const min=(...a)=>{return Math.min(...a)};const max=(...a)=>{return Math.max(...a)};const floor=(a)=>{return Math.floor(a)};const ceil=(a)=>{return Math.ceil(a)};const asc=(ar:number[])=>{const t=[...ar];return ar.sort((a,b)=>{return a-b})};const desc=(ar:number[])=>{const t=[...ar];return t.sort((a,b)=>{return b-a})};const sw=(a,arr:any[],op:'=='|'>='|'>'|'<='|'<'='==')=>{for(let i=0;i<arr.length-1;i+=2){if(eval(a+op+arr[i])){return arr[i+1]}}return arr[arr.length-1]};const near=(n:number,arr:number[]):number=>{let ne=arr[0],ni=0;for(let i=1;i<arr.length;i++){if(Math.abs(n-ne)>Math.abs(n-arr[i])){ne=arr[i];ni=i}}return ni};const deduplicate=(a:any[]):any[]=>{return Array.from(new Set(a))};const gcd=(x,y)=>{while(y){[x,y]=[y,x%y]}return x};const sum=(arr)=>{return arr.reduce((a,b)=>a+b);};
const bigInt=function(undefined){"use strict";var BASE=1e7,LOG_BASE=7,MAX_INT=9007199254740992,MAX_INT_ARR=smallToArray(MAX_INT),DEFAULT_ALPHABET="0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";var supportsNativeBigInt=typeof BigInt==="function";function Integer(v,radix?,alphabet?,caseSensitive?){if(typeof v==="undefined")return Integer[0];if(typeof radix!=="undefined")return+radix===10&&!alphabet?parseValue(v):parseBase(v,radix,alphabet,caseSensitive);return parseValue(v)}function BigInteger(value,sign){this.value=value;this.sign=sign;this.isSmall=false}BigInteger.prototype=Object.create(Integer.prototype);function SmallInteger(value){this.value=value;this.sign=value<0;this.isSmall=true}SmallInteger.prototype=Object.create(Integer.prototype);function NativeBigInt(value){this.value=value}NativeBigInt.prototype=Object.create(Integer.prototype);function isPrecise(n){return-MAX_INT<n&&n<MAX_INT}function smallToArray(n){if(n<1e7)return[n];if(n<1e14)return[n%1e7,Math.floor(n/1e7)];return[n%1e7,Math.floor(n/1e7)%1e7,Math.floor(n/1e14)]}function arrayToSmall(arr){trim(arr);var length=arr.length;if(length<4&&compareAbs(arr,MAX_INT_ARR)<0){switch(length){case 0:return 0;case 1:return arr[0];case 2:return arr[0]+arr[1]*BASE;default:return arr[0]+(arr[1]+arr[2]*BASE)*BASE}}return arr}function trim(v){var i=v.length;while(v[--i]===0);v.length=i+1}function createArray(length){var x=new Array(length);var i=-1;while(++i<length){x[i]=0}return x}function truncate(n){if(n>0)return Math.floor(n);return Math.ceil(n)}function add(a,b){var l_a=a.length,l_b=b.length,r=new Array(l_a),carry=0,base=BASE,sum,i;for(i=0;i<l_b;i++){sum=a[i]+b[i]+carry;carry=sum>=base?1:0;r[i]=sum-carry*base}while(i<l_a){sum=a[i]+carry;carry=sum===base?1:0;r[i++]=sum-carry*base}if(carry>0)r.push(carry);return r}function addAny(a,b){if(a.length>=b.length)return add(a,b);return add(b,a)}function addSmall(a,carry){var l=a.length,r=new Array(l),base=BASE,sum,i;for(i=0;i<l;i++){sum=a[i]-base+carry;carry=Math.floor(sum/base);r[i]=sum-carry*base;carry+=1}while(carry>0){r[i++]=carry%base;carry=Math.floor(carry/base)}return r}BigInteger.prototype.add=function(v){var n=parseValue(v);if(this.sign!==n.sign){return this.subtract(n.negate())}var a=this.value,b=n.value;if(n.isSmall){return new BigInteger(addSmall(a,Math.abs(b)),this.sign)}return new BigInteger(addAny(a,b),this.sign)};BigInteger.prototype.plus=BigInteger.prototype.add;SmallInteger.prototype.add=function(v){var n=parseValue(v);var a=this.value;if(a<0!==n.sign){return this.subtract(n.negate())}var b=n.value;if(n.isSmall){if(isPrecise(a+b))return new SmallInteger(a+b);b=smallToArray(Math.abs(b))}return new BigInteger(addSmall(b,Math.abs(a)),a<0)};SmallInteger.prototype.plus=SmallInteger.prototype.add;NativeBigInt.prototype.add=function(v){return new NativeBigInt(this.value+parseValue(v).value)};NativeBigInt.prototype.plus=NativeBigInt.prototype.add;function subtract(a,b){var a_l=a.length,b_l=b.length,r=new Array(a_l),borrow=0,base=BASE,i,difference;for(i=0;i<b_l;i++){difference=a[i]-borrow-b[i];if(difference<0){difference+=base;borrow=1}else borrow=0;r[i]=difference}for(i=b_l;i<a_l;i++){difference=a[i]-borrow;if(difference<0)difference+=base;else{r[i++]=difference;break}r[i]=difference}for(;i<a_l;i++){r[i]=a[i]}trim(r);return r}function subtractAny(a,b,sign){var value;if(compareAbs(a,b)>=0){value=subtract(a,b)}else{value=subtract(b,a);sign=!sign}value=arrayToSmall(value);if(typeof value==="number"){if(sign)value=-value;return new SmallInteger(value)}return new BigInteger(value,sign)}function subtractSmall(a,b,sign){var l=a.length,r:any=new Array(l),carry=-b,base=BASE,i,difference;for(i=0;i<l;i++){difference=a[i]+carry;carry=Math.floor(difference/base);difference%=base;r[i]=difference<0?difference+base:difference}r=arrayToSmall(r);if(typeof r==="number"){if(sign)r=-r;return new SmallInteger(r)}return new BigInteger(r,sign)}BigInteger.prototype.subtract=function(v){var n=parseValue(v);if(this.sign!==n.sign){return this.add(n.negate())}var a=this.value,b=n.value;if(n.isSmall)return subtractSmall(a,Math.abs(b),this.sign);return subtractAny(a,b,this.sign)};BigInteger.prototype.minus=BigInteger.prototype.subtract;SmallInteger.prototype.subtract=function(v){var n=parseValue(v);var a=this.value;if(a<0!==n.sign){return this.add(n.negate())}var b=n.value;if(n.isSmall){return new SmallInteger(a-b)}return subtractSmall(b,Math.abs(a),a>=0)};SmallInteger.prototype.minus=SmallInteger.prototype.subtract;NativeBigInt.prototype.subtract=function(v){return new NativeBigInt(this.value-parseValue(v).value)};NativeBigInt.prototype.minus=NativeBigInt.prototype.subtract;BigInteger.prototype.negate=function(){return new BigInteger(this.value,!this.sign)};SmallInteger.prototype.negate=function(){var sign=this.sign;var small=new SmallInteger(-this.value);small.sign=!sign;return small};NativeBigInt.prototype.negate=function(){return new NativeBigInt(-this.value)};BigInteger.prototype.abs=function(){return new BigInteger(this.value,false)};SmallInteger.prototype.abs=function(){return new SmallInteger(Math.abs(this.value))};NativeBigInt.prototype.abs=function(){return new NativeBigInt(this.value>=0?this.value:-this.value)};function multiplyLong(a,b){var a_l=a.length,b_l=b.length,l=a_l+b_l,r=createArray(l),base=BASE,product,carry,i,a_i,b_j;for(i=0;i<a_l;++i){a_i=a[i];for(var j=0;j<b_l;++j){b_j=b[j];product=a_i*b_j+r[i+j];carry=Math.floor(product/base);r[i+j]=product-carry*base;r[i+j+1]+=carry}}trim(r);return r}function multiplySmall(a,b){var l=a.length,r=new Array(l),base=BASE,carry=0,product,i;for(i=0;i<l;i++){product=a[i]*b+carry;carry=Math.floor(product/base);r[i]=product-carry*base}while(carry>0){r[i++]=carry%base;carry=Math.floor(carry/base)}return r}function shiftLeft(x,n){var r=[];while(n-- >0)r.push(0);return r.concat(x)}function multiplyKaratsuba(x,y){var n=Math.max(x.length,y.length);if(n<=30)return multiplyLong(x,y);n=Math.ceil(n/2);var b=x.slice(n),a=x.slice(0,n),d=y.slice(n),c=y.slice(0,n);var ac=multiplyKaratsuba(a,c),bd=multiplyKaratsuba(b,d),abcd=multiplyKaratsuba(addAny(a,b),addAny(c,d));var product=addAny(addAny(ac,shiftLeft(subtract(subtract(abcd,ac),bd),n)),shiftLeft(bd,2*n));trim(product);return product}function useKaratsuba(l1,l2){return-.012*l1-.012*l2+15e-6*l1*l2>0}BigInteger.prototype.multiply=function(v){var n=parseValue(v),a=this.value,b=n.value,sign=this.sign!==n.sign,abs;if(n.isSmall){if(b===0)return Integer[0];if(b===1)return this;if(b===-1)return this.negate();abs=Math.abs(b);if(abs<BASE){return new BigInteger(multiplySmall(a,abs),sign)}b=smallToArray(abs)}if(useKaratsuba(a.length,b.length))return new BigInteger(multiplyKaratsuba(a,b),sign);return new BigInteger(multiplyLong(a,b),sign)};BigInteger.prototype.times=BigInteger.prototype.multiply;function multiplySmallAndArray(a,b,sign){if(a<BASE){return new BigInteger(multiplySmall(b,a),sign)}return new BigInteger(multiplyLong(b,smallToArray(a)),sign)}SmallInteger.prototype._multiplyBySmall=function(a){if(isPrecise(a.value*this.value)){return new SmallInteger(a.value*this.value)}return multiplySmallAndArray(Math.abs(a.value),smallToArray(Math.abs(this.value)),this.sign!==a.sign)};BigInteger.prototype._multiplyBySmall=function(a){if(a.value===0)return Integer[0];if(a.value===1)return this;if(a.value===-1)return this.negate();return multiplySmallAndArray(Math.abs(a.value),this.value,this.sign!==a.sign)};SmallInteger.prototype.multiply=function(v){return parseValue(v)._multiplyBySmall(this)};SmallInteger.prototype.times=SmallInteger.prototype.multiply;NativeBigInt.prototype.multiply=function(v){return new NativeBigInt(this.value*parseValue(v).value)};NativeBigInt.prototype.times=NativeBigInt.prototype.multiply;function square(a){var l=a.length,r=createArray(l+l),base=BASE,product,carry,i,a_i,a_j;for(i=0;i<l;i++){a_i=a[i];carry=0-a_i*a_i;for(var j=i;j<l;j++){a_j=a[j];product=2*(a_i*a_j)+r[i+j]+carry;carry=Math.floor(product/base);r[i+j]=product-carry*base}r[i+l]=carry}trim(r);return r}BigInteger.prototype.square=function(){return new BigInteger(square(this.value),false)};SmallInteger.prototype.square=function(){var value=this.value*this.value;if(isPrecise(value))return new SmallInteger(value);return new BigInteger(square(smallToArray(Math.abs(this.value))),false)};NativeBigInt.prototype.square=function(v){return new NativeBigInt(this.value*this.value)};function divMod1(a,b){var a_l=a.length,b_l=b.length,base=BASE,result=createArray(b.length),divisorMostSignificantDigit=b[b_l-1],lambda=Math.ceil(base/(2*divisorMostSignificantDigit)),remainder:any=multiplySmall(a,lambda),divisor=multiplySmall(b,lambda),quotientDigit,shift,carry,borrow,i,l,q;if(remainder.length<=a_l)remainder.push(0);divisor.push(0);divisorMostSignificantDigit=divisor[b_l-1];for(shift=a_l-b_l;shift>=0;shift--){quotientDigit=base-1;if(remainder[shift+b_l]!==divisorMostSignificantDigit){quotientDigit=Math.floor((remainder[shift+b_l]*base+remainder[shift+b_l-1])/divisorMostSignificantDigit)}carry=0;borrow=0;l=divisor.length;for(i=0;i<l;i++){carry+=quotientDigit*divisor[i];q=Math.floor(carry/base);borrow+=remainder[shift+i]-(carry-q*base);carry=q;if(borrow<0){remainder[shift+i]=borrow+base;borrow=-1}else{remainder[shift+i]=borrow;borrow=0}}while(borrow!==0){quotientDigit-=1;carry=0;for(i=0;i<l;i++){carry+=remainder[shift+i]-base+divisor[i];if(carry<0){remainder[shift+i]=carry+base;carry=0}else{remainder[shift+i]=carry;carry=1}}borrow+=carry}result[shift]=quotientDigit}remainder=divModSmall(remainder,lambda)[0];return[arrayToSmall(result),arrayToSmall(remainder)]}function divMod2(a,b){var a_l=a.length,b_l=b.length,result=[],part=[],base=BASE,guess,xlen,highx,highy,check;while(a_l){part.unshift(a[--a_l]);trim(part);if(compareAbs(part,b)<0){result.push(0);continue}xlen=part.length;highx=part[xlen-1]*base+part[xlen-2];highy=b[b_l-1]*base+b[b_l-2];if(xlen>b_l){highx=(highx+1)*base}guess=Math.ceil(highx/highy);do{check=multiplySmall(b,guess);if(compareAbs(check,part)<=0)break;guess--}while(guess);result.push(guess);part=subtract(part,check)}result.reverse();return[arrayToSmall(result),arrayToSmall(part)]}function divModSmall(value,lambda){var length=value.length,quotient=createArray(length),base=BASE,i,q,remainder,divisor;remainder=0;for(i=length-1;i>=0;--i){divisor=remainder*base+value[i];q=truncate(divisor/lambda);remainder=divisor-q*lambda;quotient[i]=q|0}return[quotient,remainder|0]}function divModAny(self,v){var value,n=parseValue(v);if(supportsNativeBigInt){return[new NativeBigInt(self.value/n.value),new NativeBigInt(self.value%n.value)]}var a=self.value,b=n.value;var quotient;if(b===0)throw new Error("Cannot divide by zero");if(self.isSmall){if(n.isSmall){return[new SmallInteger(truncate(a/b)),new SmallInteger(a%b)]}return[Integer[0],self]}if(n.isSmall){if(b===1)return[self,Integer[0]];if(b==-1)return[self.negate(),Integer[0]];var abs=Math.abs(b);if(abs<BASE){value=divModSmall(a,abs);quotient=arrayToSmall(value[0]);var remainder=value[1];if(self.sign)remainder=-remainder;if(typeof quotient==="number"){if(self.sign!==n.sign)quotient=-quotient;return[new SmallInteger(quotient),new SmallInteger(remainder)]}return[new BigInteger(quotient,self.sign!==n.sign),new SmallInteger(remainder)]}b=smallToArray(abs)}var comparison=compareAbs(a,b);if(comparison===-1)return[Integer[0],self];if(comparison===0)return[Integer[self.sign===n.sign?1:-1],Integer[0]];if(a.length+b.length<=200)value=divMod1(a,b);else value=divMod2(a,b);quotient=value[0];var qSign=self.sign!==n.sign,mod=value[1],mSign=self.sign;if(typeof quotient==="number"){if(qSign)quotient=-quotient;quotient=new SmallInteger(quotient)}else quotient=new BigInteger(quotient,qSign);if(typeof mod==="number"){if(mSign)mod=-mod;mod=new SmallInteger(mod)}else mod=new BigInteger(mod,mSign);return[quotient,mod]}BigInteger.prototype.divmod=function(v){var result=divModAny(this,v);return{quotient:result[0],remainder:result[1]}};NativeBigInt.prototype.divmod=SmallInteger.prototype.divmod=BigInteger.prototype.divmod;BigInteger.prototype.divide=function(v){return divModAny(this,v)[0]};NativeBigInt.prototype.over=NativeBigInt.prototype.divide=function(v){return new NativeBigInt(this.value/parseValue(v).value)};SmallInteger.prototype.over=SmallInteger.prototype.divide=BigInteger.prototype.over=BigInteger.prototype.divide;BigInteger.prototype.mod=function(v){return divModAny(this,v)[1]};NativeBigInt.prototype.mod=NativeBigInt.prototype.remainder=function(v){return new NativeBigInt(this.value%parseValue(v).value)};SmallInteger.prototype.remainder=SmallInteger.prototype.mod=BigInteger.prototype.remainder=BigInteger.prototype.mod;BigInteger.prototype.pow=function(v){var n=parseValue(v),a=this.value,b:any=n.value,value,x,y;if(b===0)return Integer[1];if(a===0)return Integer[0];if(a===1)return Integer[1];if(a===-1)return n.isEven()?Integer[1]:Integer[-1];if(n.sign){return Integer[0]}if(!n.isSmall)throw new Error("The exponent "+n.toString()+" is too large.");if(this.isSmall){if(isPrecise(value=Math.pow(a,b)))return new SmallInteger(truncate(value))}x=this;y=Integer[1];while(true){if((x & -x&1)===1){y=y.times(x);--b}if(b===0)break;b/=2;x=x.square()}return y};SmallInteger.prototype.pow=BigInteger.prototype.pow;NativeBigInt.prototype.pow=function(v){var n=parseValue(v);var a=this.value,b=n.value;var _0=BigInt(0),_1=BigInt(1),_2=BigInt(2);if(b===_0)return Integer[1];if(a===_0)return Integer[0];if(a===_1)return Integer[1];if(a===BigInt(-1))return n.isEven()?Integer[1]:Integer[-1];if(n.isNegative())return new NativeBigInt(_0);var x=this;var y=Integer[1];while(true){if((b&_1)===_1){y=y.times(x);--b}if(b===_0)break;b/=_2;x=x.square()}return y};BigInteger.prototype.modPow=function(exp,mod){exp=parseValue(exp);mod=parseValue(mod);if(mod.isZero())throw new Error("Cannot take modPow with modulus 0");var r=Integer[1],base=this.mod(mod);while(exp.isPositive()){if(base.isZero())return Integer[0];if(exp.isOdd())r=r.multiply(base).mod(mod);exp=exp.divide(2);base=base.square().mod(mod)}return r};NativeBigInt.prototype.modPow=SmallInteger.prototype.modPow=BigInteger.prototype.modPow;function compareAbs(a,b){if(a.length!==b.length){return a.length>b.length?1:-1}for(var i=a.length-1;i>=0;i--){if(a[i]!==b[i])return a[i]>b[i]?1:-1}return 0}BigInteger.prototype.compareAbs=function(v){var n=parseValue(v),a=this.value,b=n.value;if(n.isSmall)return 1;return compareAbs(a,b)};SmallInteger.prototype.compareAbs=function(v){var n=parseValue(v),a=Math.abs(this.value),b=n.value;if(n.isSmall){b=Math.abs(b);return a===b?0:a>b?1:-1}return-1};NativeBigInt.prototype.compareAbs=function(v){var a=this.value;var b=parseValue(v).value;a=a>=0?a:-a;b=b>=0?b:-b;return a===b?0:a>b?1:-1};BigInteger.prototype.compare=function(v){if(v===Infinity){return-1}if(v===-Infinity){return 1}var n=parseValue(v),a=this.value,b=n.value;if(this.sign!==n.sign){return n.sign?1:-1}if(n.isSmall){return this.sign?-1:1}return compareAbs(a,b)*(this.sign?-1:1)};BigInteger.prototype.compareTo=BigInteger.prototype.compare;SmallInteger.prototype.compare=function(v){if(v===Infinity){return-1}if(v===-Infinity){return 1}var n=parseValue(v),a=this.value,b=n.value;if(n.isSmall){return a==b?0:a>b?1:-1}if(a<0!==n.sign){return a<0?-1:1}return a<0?1:-1};SmallInteger.prototype.compareTo=SmallInteger.prototype.compare;NativeBigInt.prototype.compare=function(v){if(v===Infinity){return-1}if(v===-Infinity){return 1}var a=this.value;var b=parseValue(v).value;return a===b?0:a>b?1:-1};NativeBigInt.prototype.compareTo=NativeBigInt.prototype.compare;BigInteger.prototype.equals=function(v){return this.compare(v)===0};NativeBigInt.prototype.eq=NativeBigInt.prototype.equals=SmallInteger.prototype.eq=SmallInteger.prototype.equals=BigInteger.prototype.eq=BigInteger.prototype.equals;BigInteger.prototype.notEquals=function(v){return this.compare(v)!==0};NativeBigInt.prototype.neq=NativeBigInt.prototype.notEquals=SmallInteger.prototype.neq=SmallInteger.prototype.notEquals=BigInteger.prototype.neq=BigInteger.prototype.notEquals;BigInteger.prototype.greater=function(v){return this.compare(v)>0};NativeBigInt.prototype.gt=NativeBigInt.prototype.greater=SmallInteger.prototype.gt=SmallInteger.prototype.greater=BigInteger.prototype.gt=BigInteger.prototype.greater;BigInteger.prototype.lesser=function(v){return this.compare(v)<0};NativeBigInt.prototype.lt=NativeBigInt.prototype.lesser=SmallInteger.prototype.lt=SmallInteger.prototype.lesser=BigInteger.prototype.lt=BigInteger.prototype.lesser;BigInteger.prototype.greaterOrEquals=function(v){return this.compare(v)>=0};NativeBigInt.prototype.geq=NativeBigInt.prototype.greaterOrEquals=SmallInteger.prototype.geq=SmallInteger.prototype.greaterOrEquals=BigInteger.prototype.geq=BigInteger.prototype.greaterOrEquals;BigInteger.prototype.lesserOrEquals=function(v){return this.compare(v)<=0};NativeBigInt.prototype.leq=NativeBigInt.prototype.lesserOrEquals=SmallInteger.prototype.leq=SmallInteger.prototype.lesserOrEquals=BigInteger.prototype.leq=BigInteger.prototype.lesserOrEquals;BigInteger.prototype.isEven=function(){return(this.value[0]&1)===0};SmallInteger.prototype.isEven=function(){return(this.value&1)===0};NativeBigInt.prototype.isEven=function(){return(this.value&BigInt(1))===BigInt(0)};BigInteger.prototype.isOdd=function(){return(this.value[0]&1)===1};SmallInteger.prototype.isOdd=function(){return(this.value&1)===1};NativeBigInt.prototype.isOdd=function(){return(this.value&BigInt(1))===BigInt(1)};BigInteger.prototype.isPositive=function(){return!this.sign};SmallInteger.prototype.isPositive=function(){return this.value>0};NativeBigInt.prototype.isPositive=SmallInteger.prototype.isPositive;BigInteger.prototype.isNegative=function(){return this.sign};SmallInteger.prototype.isNegative=function(){return this.value<0};NativeBigInt.prototype.isNegative=SmallInteger.prototype.isNegative;BigInteger.prototype.isUnit=function(){return false};SmallInteger.prototype.isUnit=function(){return Math.abs(this.value)===1};NativeBigInt.prototype.isUnit=function(){return this.abs().value===BigInt(1)};BigInteger.prototype.isZero=function(){return false};SmallInteger.prototype.isZero=function(){return this.value===0};NativeBigInt.prototype.isZero=function(){return this.value===BigInt(0)};BigInteger.prototype.isDivisibleBy=function(v){var n=parseValue(v);if(n.isZero())return false;if(n.isUnit())return true;if(n.compareAbs(2)===0)return this.isEven();return this.mod(n).isZero()};NativeBigInt.prototype.isDivisibleBy=SmallInteger.prototype.isDivisibleBy=BigInteger.prototype.isDivisibleBy;function isBasicPrime(v){var n=v.abs();if(n.isUnit())return false;if(n.equals(2)||n.equals(3)||n.equals(5))return true;if(n.isEven()||n.isDivisibleBy(3)||n.isDivisibleBy(5))return false;if(n.lesser(49))return true}function millerRabinTest(n,a){var nPrev=n.prev(),b=nPrev,r=0,d,t,i,x;while(b.isEven())b=b.divide(2),r++;next:for(i=0;i<a.length;i++){if(n.lesser(a[i]))continue;x=bigInt(a[i]).modPow(b,n);if(x.isUnit()||x.equals(nPrev))continue;for(d=r-1;d!=0;d--){x=x.square().mod(n);if(x.isUnit())return false;if(x.equals(nPrev))continue next}return false}return true}BigInteger.prototype.isPrime=function(strict){var isPrime=isBasicPrime(this);if(isPrime!==undefined)return isPrime;var n=this.abs();var bits=n.bitLength();if(bits<=64)return millerRabinTest(n,[2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37]);var logN=Math.log(2)*bits.toJSNumber();var t=Math.ceil(strict===true?2*Math.pow(logN,2):logN);for(var a=[],i=0;i<t;i++){a.push(bigInt(i+2))}return millerRabinTest(n,a)};NativeBigInt.prototype.isPrime=SmallInteger.prototype.isPrime=BigInteger.prototype.isPrime;BigInteger.prototype.isProbablePrime=function(iterations){var isPrime=isBasicPrime(this);if(isPrime!==undefined)return isPrime;var n=this.abs();var t=iterations===undefined?5:iterations;for(var a=[],i=0;i<t;i++){a.push(bigInt.randBetween(2,n.minus(2)))}return millerRabinTest(n,a)};NativeBigInt.prototype.isProbablePrime=SmallInteger.prototype.isProbablePrime=BigInteger.prototype.isProbablePrime;
BigInteger.prototype.modInv=function(n){var t=bigInt.zero,newT=bigInt.one,r=parseValue(n),newR=this.abs(),q,lastT,lastR;while(!newR.isZero()){q=r.divide(newR);lastT=t;lastR=r;t=newT;r=newR;newT=lastT.subtract(q.multiply(newT));newR=lastR.subtract(q.multiply(newR))}if(!r.isUnit())throw new Error(this.toString()+" and "+n.toString()+" are not co-prime");if(t.compare(0)===-1){t=t.add(n)}if(this.isNegative()){return t.negate()}return t};NativeBigInt.prototype.modInv=SmallInteger.prototype.modInv=BigInteger.prototype.modInv;BigInteger.prototype.next=function(){var value=this.value;if(this.sign){return subtractSmall(value,1,this.sign)}return new BigInteger(addSmall(value,1),this.sign)};SmallInteger.prototype.next=function(){var value=this.value;if(value+1<MAX_INT)return new SmallInteger(value+1);return new BigInteger(MAX_INT_ARR,false)};NativeBigInt.prototype.next=function(){return new NativeBigInt(this.value+BigInt(1))};BigInteger.prototype.prev=function(){var value=this.value;if(this.sign){return new BigInteger(addSmall(value,1),true)}return subtractSmall(value,1,this.sign)};SmallInteger.prototype.prev=function(){var value=this.value;if(value-1>-MAX_INT)return new SmallInteger(value-1);return new BigInteger(MAX_INT_ARR,true)};NativeBigInt.prototype.prev=function(){return new NativeBigInt(this.value-BigInt(1))};var powersOfTwo=[1];while(2*powersOfTwo[powersOfTwo.length-1]<=BASE)powersOfTwo.push(2*powersOfTwo[powersOfTwo.length-1]);var powers2Length=powersOfTwo.length,highestPower2=powersOfTwo[powers2Length-1];function shift_isSmall(n){return Math.abs(n)<=BASE}BigInteger.prototype.shiftLeft=function(v){var n=parseValue(v).toJSNumber();if(!shift_isSmall(n)){throw new Error(String(n)+" is too large for shifting.")}if(n<0)return this.shiftRight(-n);var result=this;if(result.isZero())return result;while(n>=powers2Length){result=result.multiply(highestPower2);n-=powers2Length-1}return result.multiply(powersOfTwo[n])};NativeBigInt.prototype.shiftLeft=SmallInteger.prototype.shiftLeft=BigInteger.prototype.shiftLeft;BigInteger.prototype.shiftRight=function(v){var remQuo;var n=parseValue(v).toJSNumber();if(!shift_isSmall(n)){throw new Error(String(n)+" is too large for shifting.")}if(n<0)return this.shiftLeft(-n);var result=this;while(n>=powers2Length){if(result.isZero()||result.isNegative()&&result.isUnit())return result;remQuo=divModAny(result,highestPower2);result=remQuo[1].isNegative()?remQuo[0].prev():remQuo[0];n-=powers2Length-1}remQuo=divModAny(result,powersOfTwo[n]);return remQuo[1].isNegative()?remQuo[0].prev():remQuo[0]};NativeBigInt.prototype.shiftRight=SmallInteger.prototype.shiftRight=BigInteger.prototype.shiftRight;function bitwise(x,y,fn){y=parseValue(y);var xSign=x.isNegative(),ySign=y.isNegative();var xRem=xSign?x.not():x,yRem=ySign?y.not():y;var xDigit=0,yDigit=0;var xDivMod=null,yDivMod=null;var result=[];while(!xRem.isZero()||!yRem.isZero()){xDivMod=divModAny(xRem,highestPower2);xDigit=xDivMod[1].toJSNumber();if(xSign){xDigit=highestPower2-1-xDigit}yDivMod=divModAny(yRem,highestPower2);yDigit=yDivMod[1].toJSNumber();if(ySign){yDigit=highestPower2-1-yDigit}xRem=xDivMod[0];yRem=yDivMod[0];result.push(fn(xDigit,yDigit))}var sum=fn(xSign?1:0,ySign?1:0)!==0?bigInt(-1):bigInt(0);for(var i=result.length-1;i>=0;i-=1){sum=sum.multiply(highestPower2).add(bigInt(result[i]))}return sum}BigInteger.prototype.not=function(){return this.negate().prev()};NativeBigInt.prototype.not=SmallInteger.prototype.not=BigInteger.prototype.not;BigInteger.prototype.and=function(n){return bitwise(this,n,function(a,b){return a&b})};NativeBigInt.prototype.and=SmallInteger.prototype.and=BigInteger.prototype.and;BigInteger.prototype.or=function(n){return bitwise(this,n,function(a,b){return a|b})};NativeBigInt.prototype.or=SmallInteger.prototype.or=BigInteger.prototype.or;BigInteger.prototype.xor=function(n){return bitwise(this,n,function(a,b){return a^b})};NativeBigInt.prototype.xor=SmallInteger.prototype.xor=BigInteger.prototype.xor;var LOBMASK_I=1<<30,LOBMASK_BI=(BASE&-BASE)*(BASE&-BASE)|LOBMASK_I;function roughLOB(n){var v=n.value,x:any=typeof v==="number"?v|LOBMASK_I:typeof v==="bigint"?v|BigInt(LOBMASK_I):v[0]+v[1]*BASE|LOBMASK_BI;return x&-x}function integerLogarithm(value,base){if(base.compareTo(value)<=0){var tmp=integerLogarithm(value,base.square(base));var p=tmp.p;var e=tmp.e;var t=p.multiply(base);return t.compareTo(value)<=0?{p:t,e:e*2+1}:{p:p,e:e*2}}return{p:bigInt(1),e:0}}BigInteger.prototype.bitLength=function(){var n=this;if(n.compareTo(bigInt(0))<0){n=n.negate().subtract(bigInt(1))}if(n.compareTo(bigInt(0))===0){return bigInt(0)}return bigInt(integerLogarithm(n,bigInt(2)).e).add(bigInt(1))};NativeBigInt.prototype.bitLength=SmallInteger.prototype.bitLength=BigInteger.prototype.bitLength;function max(a,b){a=parseValue(a);b=parseValue(b);return a.greater(b)?a:b}function min(a,b){a=parseValue(a);b=parseValue(b);return a.lesser(b)?a:b}function gcd(a,b){a=parseValue(a).abs();b=parseValue(b).abs();if(a.equals(b))return a;if(a.isZero())return b;if(b.isZero())return a;var c=Integer[1],d,t;while(a.isEven()&&b.isEven()){d=min(roughLOB(a),roughLOB(b));a=a.divide(d);b=b.divide(d);c=c.multiply(d)}while(a.isEven()){a=a.divide(roughLOB(a))}do{while(b.isEven()){b=b.divide(roughLOB(b))}if(a.greater(b)){t=b;b=a;a=t}b=b.subtract(a)}while(!b.isZero());return c.isUnit()?a:a.multiply(c)}function lcm(a,b){a=parseValue(a).abs();b=parseValue(b).abs();return a.divide(gcd(a,b)).multiply(b)}function randBetween(a,b){a=parseValue(a);b=parseValue(b);var low=min(a,b),high=max(a,b);var range=high.subtract(low).add(1);if(range.isSmall)return low.add(Math.floor(Math.random()*range));var digits=toBase(range,BASE).value;var result=[],restricted=true;for(var i=0;i<digits.length;i++){var top=restricted?digits[i]:BASE;var digit=truncate(Math.random()*top);result.push(digit);if(digit<top)restricted=false}return low.add(Integer.fromArray(result,BASE,false))}var parseBase=function(text,base,alphabet,caseSensitive){alphabet=alphabet||DEFAULT_ALPHABET;text=String(text);if(!caseSensitive){text=text.toLowerCase();alphabet=alphabet.toLowerCase()}var length=text.length;var i;var absBase=Math.abs(base);var alphabetValues={};for(i=0;i<alphabet.length;i++){alphabetValues[alphabet[i]]=i}for(i=0;i<length;i++){var c=text[i];if(c==="-")continue;if(c in alphabetValues){if(alphabetValues[c]>=absBase){if(c==="1"&&absBase===1)continue;throw new Error(c+" is not a valid digit in base "+base+".")}}}base=parseValue(base);var digits=[];var isNegative=text[0]==="-";for(i=isNegative?1:0;i<text.length;i++){var c=text[i];if(c in alphabetValues)digits.push(parseValue(alphabetValues[c]));else if(c==="<"){var start=i;do{i++}while(text[i]!==">"&&i<text.length);digits.push(parseValue(text.slice(start+1,i)))}else throw new Error(c+" is not a valid character")}return parseBaseFromArray(digits,base,isNegative)};function parseBaseFromArray(digits,base,isNegative){var val=Integer[0],pow=Integer[1],i;for(i=digits.length-1;i>=0;i--){val=val.add(digits[i].times(pow));pow=pow.times(base)}return isNegative?val.negate():val}function stringify(digit,alphabet){alphabet=alphabet||DEFAULT_ALPHABET;if(digit<alphabet.length){return alphabet[digit]}return"<"+digit+">"}function toBase(n,base){base=bigInt(base);if(base.isZero()){if(n.isZero())return{value:[0],isNegative:false};throw new Error("Cannot convert nonzero numbers to base 0.")}if(base.equals(-1)){if(n.isZero())return{value:[0],isNegative:false};if(n.isNegative())return{value:[].concat.apply([],Array.apply(null,Array(-n.toJSNumber())).map(Array.prototype.valueOf,[1,0])),isNegative:false};var arr=Array.apply(null,Array(n.toJSNumber()-1)).map(Array.prototype.valueOf,[0,1]);arr.unshift([1]);return{value:[].concat.apply([],arr),isNegative:false}}var neg=false;if(n.isNegative()&&base.isPositive()){neg=true;n=n.abs()}if(base.isUnit()){if(n.isZero())return{value:[0],isNegative:false};return{value:Array.apply(null,Array(n.toJSNumber())).map(Number.prototype.valueOf,1),isNegative:neg}}var out=[];var left=n,divmod;while(left.isNegative()||left.compareAbs(base)>=0){divmod=left.divmod(base);left=divmod.quotient;var digit=divmod.remainder;if(digit.isNegative()){digit=base.minus(digit).abs();left=left.next()}out.push(digit.toJSNumber())}out.push(left.toJSNumber());return{value:out.reverse(),isNegative:neg}}function toBaseString(n,base,alphabet){var arr=toBase(n,base);return(arr.isNegative?"-":"")+arr.value.map(function(x){return stringify(x,alphabet)}).join("")}BigInteger.prototype.toArray=function(radix){return toBase(this,radix)};SmallInteger.prototype.toArray=function(radix){return toBase(this,radix)};NativeBigInt.prototype.toArray=function(radix){return toBase(this,radix)};BigInteger.prototype.toString=function(radix,alphabet){if(radix===undefined)radix=10;if(radix!==10)return toBaseString(this,radix,alphabet);var v=this.value,l=v.length,str=String(v[--l]),zeros="0000000",digit;while(--l>=0){digit=String(v[l]);str+=zeros.slice(digit.length)+digit}var sign=this.sign?"-":"";return sign+str};SmallInteger.prototype.toString=function(radix,alphabet){if(radix===undefined)radix=10;if(radix!=10)return toBaseString(this,radix,alphabet);return String(this.value)};NativeBigInt.prototype.toString=SmallInteger.prototype.toString;NativeBigInt.prototype.toJSON=BigInteger.prototype.toJSON=SmallInteger.prototype.toJSON=function(){return this.toString()};BigInteger.prototype.valueOf=function(){return parseInt(this.toString(),10)};BigInteger.prototype.toJSNumber=BigInteger.prototype.valueOf;SmallInteger.prototype.valueOf=function(){return this.value};SmallInteger.prototype.toJSNumber=SmallInteger.prototype.valueOf;NativeBigInt.prototype.valueOf=NativeBigInt.prototype.toJSNumber=function(){return parseInt(this.toString(),10)};function parseStringValue(v){if(isPrecise(+v)){var x=+v;if(x===truncate(x))return supportsNativeBigInt?new NativeBigInt(BigInt(x)):new SmallInteger(x);throw new Error("Invalid integer: "+v)}var sign=v[0]==="-";if(sign)v=v.slice(1);var split=v.split(/e/i);if(split.length>2)throw new Error("Invalid integer: "+split.join("e"));if(split.length===2){var exp=split[1];if(exp[0]==="+")exp=exp.slice(1);exp=+exp;if(exp!==truncate(exp)||!isPrecise(exp))throw new Error("Invalid integer: "+exp+" is not a valid exponent.");var text=split[0];var decimalPlace=text.indexOf(".");if(decimalPlace>=0){exp-=text.length-decimalPlace-1;text=text.slice(0,decimalPlace)+text.slice(decimalPlace+1)}if(exp<0)throw new Error("Cannot include negative exponent part for integers");text+=new Array(exp+1).join("0");v=text}var isValid=/^([0-9][0-9]*)$/.test(v);if(!isValid)throw new Error("Invalid integer: "+v);if(supportsNativeBigInt){return new NativeBigInt(BigInt(sign?"-"+v:v))}var r=[],max=v.length,l=LOG_BASE,min=max-l;while(max>0){r.push(+v.slice(min,max));min-=l;if(min<0)min=0;max-=l}trim(r);return new BigInteger(r,sign)}function parseNumberValue(v){if(supportsNativeBigInt){return new NativeBigInt(BigInt(v))}if(isPrecise(v)){if(v!==truncate(v))throw new Error(v+" is not an integer.");return new SmallInteger(v)}return parseStringValue(v.toString())}function parseValue(v){if(typeof v==="number"){return parseNumberValue(v)}if(typeof v==="string"){return parseStringValue(v)}if(typeof v==="bigint"){return new NativeBigInt(v)}return v}for(var i=0;i<1e3;i++){Integer[i]=parseValue(i);if(i>0)Integer[-i]=parseValue(-i)}Integer.one=Integer[1];Integer.zero=Integer[0];Integer.minusOne=Integer[-1];Integer.max=max;Integer.min=min;Integer.gcd=gcd;Integer.lcm=lcm;Integer.isInstance=function(x){return x instanceof BigInteger||x instanceof SmallInteger||x instanceof NativeBigInt};Integer.randBetween=randBetween;Integer.fromArray=function(digits,base,isNegative){return parseBaseFromArray(digits.map(parseValue),parseValue(base||10),isNegative)};return Integer}();if(typeof module!=="undefined"&&module.hasOwnProperty("exports")){module.exports=bigInt}
const main=()=>{
  let [a,b,k]=tss(3)
  if(bigInt(a).minus(k).gt(-1)){
    [a,k]=[bigInt(a).minus(k),bigInt(k).minus(a)]
  }else{
    [a,k]=[0,bigInt(k).minus(a)]
  }
  if(bigInt(b).minus(k).gt(-1)){
    [b,k]=[bigInt(b).minus(k),bigInt(k).minus(b)]
  }else{
    [b,k]=[0,bigInt(k).minus(b)]
  }
  to(bigInt(a).toString(),bigInt(b).toString())
}
main()


def not_found_minchar(S):
    for o in range(ord('a'), ord('z') + 1):
        if chr(o) not in S:
            return chr(o)
    return "None"

S = raw_input()
print not_found_minchar(S)


s = input()
swi = 0
lst = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", \
       "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", \
       "q", "r", "s", "t", "u", "v", "w", "x", "y", "z"]

for i in range(26):
    if (lst[i] in s) == False:
        print(lst[i])
        swi = 1
        break
if swi == 0:
    print("None")


S = input()
ans = None
for letter in "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz":
    if letter not in S:
        ans = letter
        break
print(ans)


S = sorted(list(set(list(input()))))
cf = [chr(ord("a")+i) for i in range(26)]

for i in range(len(S)):
    if S[i] != cf[i]:
        print(cf[i])
        exit()
print("None")


s = list(map(str,input()))
s.sort()
cnt = len(list(set(s)))

if cnt != 26:
    x = chr(ord(s[0]) + 1)
    print(x)

else:
    print("None")


s = list(map(str,input()))
s.sort()
cnt = len(list(set(s)))

if cnt == 26:
    print("None")
else:
    x = chr(ord(s[0]) + 1)
    print(x)


import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        String str = br.readLine();
        boolean array[] = new boolean[26];
        for(int i = 0;i < str.length();i++)
            array[str.charAt(i) - 'a'] = true;
        for(int i = 0;i < 26;i++){
            if(!array[i]){
                System.out.println((char)(i + 97));
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("None");
    }
}


import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;

public class Main {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		InputReader in = new InputReader(System.in);
		int alphabets[] = new int[26];
		char arr[] = in.readString().toCharArray();
		for(int i = 0; i<arr.length; i++) {
			alphabets[arr[i]-'a'] = 1;
		}
		for(int i = 0; i<alphabets.length; i++) {
			if(alphabets[i] != 1) {
				System.out.println((char)(97 + i));
				return;
			}
		}
		System.out.println("None");
	}
}
class InputReader {

	private InputStream stream;
	private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
	private int curChar;
	private int numChars;
	private SpaceCharFilter filter;

	public InputReader(InputStream stream) {
		this.stream = stream;
	}

	public int read() {
		if (numChars == -1)
			throw new InputMismatchException();
		if (curChar >= numChars) {
			curChar = 0;
			try {
				numChars = stream.read(buf);
			} catch (IOException e) {
				throw new InputMismatchException();
			}
			if (numChars <= 0)
				return -1;
		}
		return buf[curChar++];
	}

	public int readInt() {
		int c = read();
		while (isSpaceChar(c))
			c = read();
		int sgn = 1;
		if (c == '-') {
			sgn = -1;
			c = read();
		}
		int res = 0;
		do {
			if (c < '0' || c > '9')
				throw new InputMismatchException();
			res *= 10;
			res += c - '0';
			c = read();
		} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
		return res * sgn;
	}

	public String readString() {
		int c = read();
		while (isSpaceChar(c))
			c = read();
		StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
		do {
			res.appendCodePoint(c);
			c = read();
		} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
		return res.toString();
	}

	public long readLong() {
		int c = read();
		while (isSpaceChar(c)) {
			c = read();
		}
		int sgn = 1;
		if (c == '-') {
			sgn = -1;
			c = read();
		}
		long res = 0;
		do {
			if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
				throw new InputMismatchException();
			}
			res *= 10;
			res += c - '0';
			c = read();
		} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
		return res * sgn;
	}

	public boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
		if (filter != null)
			return filter.isSpaceChar(c);
		return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
	}

	public String next() {
		return readString();
	}

	public interface SpaceCharFilter {
		public boolean isSpaceChar(int ch);
	}
}


import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.PriorityQueue;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
	  FastReader sc = new FastReader();
	  String s = sc.next();
	    int[] charCnt = new int[26];

	    for (char c: s.toCharArray()) {
	      charCnt[c - 'a']++;
	    }

	    for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
	      if (charCnt[i] == 0) {
	        System.out.println((char)(i + 'a'));
	        System.exit(0);
	      }
	    }

	    System.out.println("None");
	    System.exit(0);
  }

  static class FastReader {
    BufferedReader br;
    StringTokenizer st;

    public FastReader() {
      br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
    }

    String next() {
      while (st == null || !st.hasMoreElements()) {
        try {
          st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
        } catch (IOException  e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }
      }
      return st.nextToken();
    }

    int nextInt() {
      return Integer.parseInt(next());
    }

    long nextLong() {
      return Long.parseLong(next());
    }

    double nextDouble() {
      return Double.parseDouble(next());
    }

    String nextLine() {
      String str = "";
        try{
            str = br.readLine();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return str;
      }
  }
}


import java.util.*;
public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner input=new Scanner(System.in);
        String s;
        s=input.next();
        char a='a';
        int sum=0;
        int u=('z'-'a');
        boolean k=false;
        boolean m=false;
        char [] arr=new char[s.length()];
        for(int i=0;i<s.length();i++)
            arr[i]=s.charAt(i);
        for(int i=0;i<24;i++)
        {
            a=(char) ('a'+i);
            for(int p=0;p<s.length();p++)
            {
                if(a==arr[p])
                {
                    m=true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if(m)
            {
                m=false;
                continue;
            }
            else {
                System.out.println(a);
                k=true;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(!k)
            System.out.println("None");

    }

}


import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;

public class Main {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		char[]c = sc.next().toCharArray();
		Set<Character>charset =new TreeSet<Character>();
		char[]alp = new char[] {'a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n','o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z'};
		for (int i = 0; i < c.length; i++) {
			charset.add(c[i]);
		}

		for (int i = 0; i < charset.size(); i++) {
			if (!charset.contains(alp[i])) {
				System.out.println(alp[i]);
				break;
			}else if(i==alp.length-1){
				System.out.println("None");
			}
		}

	}
}


import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;

public class Main {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		char[]c = sc.next().toCharArray();
		Set<Character>charset =new TreeSet<Character>();
		char[]alp = new char[] {'a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n','o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z'};
		for (int i = 0; i < c.length; i++) {
			charset.add(c[i]);
		}

		for (int i = 0; i < c.length; i++) {
			if (c[i] != alp[i]) {
				System.out.println(alp[i]);
				break;
			}else if(i==alp.length-1){
				System.out.println("none");
			}
		}

	}
}


//
//  main.cpp
//  Atcoder Beginner Contest 071 B
//
//  Created by luras on 2017/8/20.
//  Copyright © 2017年 luras. All rights reserved.
//

#define ms(x, y) memset(x, y, sizeof(x))
#define mc(x, y) memcpy(x, y, sizeof(x))
#define lson o << 1, l, mid
#define rson o << 1 | 1, mid + 1, r
#define ls o << 1
#define rs o << 1 | 1
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<queue>
#include<map>
#include<stack>
#include<vector>
#include<list>
#include<set>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
#pragma comment(linker,"/STACK:102400000,102400000")
template <class T> inline void gmax(T &a, T b){if(b > a) a = b;}
template <class T> inline void gmin(T &a, T b){if(b < a) a = b;}
using namespace std;
const int N = 1e5 + 10, M = 2e6 + 10, Z = 1e9 + 7, maxint = 2147483647, ms1 = 16843009, ms31 = 522133279, ms63 = 1061109567, ms127 = 2139062143;
const double PI = acos(-1.0), eps = 1e-8;
typedef long long LL;
void fre()
{
    freopen("/Users/luras/Desktop/in.txt", "r", stdin);
    freopen("/Users/luras/Desktop/out.txt", "w", stdout);
}
const int INF = 1e9;
int casenum, casei;

char s[N];
int a[30];

int main()
{
    while(~ scanf("%s", s)){
        int len = strlen(s);
        for(int i = 0; i < len; i ++){
            a[s[i] - 'a'] ++;
        }
        for(int i = 0; i < 26; i ++){
            if(a[i] == 0){
                printf("%c\n", i + 'a');
                return 0;
            }
        }
        puts("None");
    }
    return 0;
}

/*

 题意:

 类型:

 分析:

 优化:

 trick:

 数据:

 Sample Input

 Sample Output

 */


#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <algorithm>
#include <list>
#include <cstring>
#include <map>
#include <queue>
#include <ctime>
#include <set>
#include <sstream>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <cmath>

#define pb push_back
#define mp make_pair
#define ll long long
#define IOS ios::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);
#define ull unsigned long long
#define iloop(a,b) for(ll i = a; i < b; ++i)
#define jloop(a,b) for(ll j = a; j < b; ++j)
#define sz(a) int((a).size())
#define pb push_back
#define all(c) (c).begin(),(c).end()
#define tr(c,i) for(typeofa((c).begin() i = (c).begin(); i != (c).end(); i++)
#define present(c,x) ((c).find(x) != (c).end())
#define cpresent(c,x) (find(all(c),x) != (c).end())
#define p(a) cout << a << "\n";
#define p1(a) cout << a << " ";

#define PI 3.141592653589793
#define MOD (ll)(1e9 + 7)

using namespace std;
typedef vector<int> vi;
typedef vector<vi> vvi;
typedef pair<int,int> ii;

void solve()
{
	string s;
	cin >> s;
	int si = s.length();
	int arr[26];
	memset(arr,0,sizeof(arr));
	iloop(0,si)
	{
		arr[s[i]-'a']++;
	}
	int flag = 0;
	iloop(0,26)
	{
		if(arr[i] == 0)
		{
			++flag;
			p(char(i+(int)'a'))
			break;
		}
	}
	if(!flag)
		p("None")
}
int main()
{
	bool testing = false;
	IOS
	if(testing)
	{
		freopen("test.txt","rt",stdin);
		int start = clock();
		solve();
		int end = clock();
		cout << "time: " << (end - start)/(double)(CLOCKS_PER_SEC)*1000 << " milliseconds\n";
	}
	else
	{
		solve();
	}
}


#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <list>
#define ll long long
using namespace std;
int main()
{
  ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0);
  string str;
  cin >> str;
  int arr[26]={0};
  for(int i=0;i<str.length();i++)
  {
    arr[str[i]-'a']++;
  }
  int index=-1;
  for(int i=0;i<26;i++)
  {
    if(arr[i]==0){
      index=i;
      break;
    }
  }
  if(index==-1)
    cout << "None" << endl;
  else
    cout << char(index+97) << endl;
  return 0;
}


#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define M 1000000007
long long int power(int a,int b)
{
    if(b==0)
        return 1;
    long long int k=power(a,b/2);
    if(b%2==0)
        return ((k%M)*(k%M))%M;
    else
        return ((k%M)*(k%M)*(a%M))%M;
}
long long int fact(long long int n)
{
    if(n==1 || n==0)
        return 1;
    else
        return ((n%M)*(fact(n-1)%M))%M;

}
int div(int n)
{  int c=0;
    for(int i=1;i<=sqrt(n);i++)
    {
        if(n%i==0)
        {
          if(n/i==i)
            c++;
          else
            c+=2;
        }

    }

    return  c;
}
int func(int n)
{
    return (n*(n+1))/2;
}
int main()
{
    ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(NULL);
     #ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE

    freopen("input.txt","r",stdin);
    freopen("output.txt","w",stdout);

   #endif

   string str;
   cin>>str;
   set<char> s;
   for(int i=0;i<str.length();i++)
   {
      s.insert(str[i]);
   }
   if(s.size()==26)
    cout<<"None";
  else
  { int i=0;

    for(auto it=s.begin();it!=s.end();it++,i++)
    {
        if(*it!=97+i)
        {
            cout<<(char)(97+i);
            return 0;
        }
    }
  }

 return 0;
}


#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define ll long long
#define vi vector<int>
#define e "\n"
#define MaRiaMa { ios::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0); }
#define fix(n) cout << fixed << setprecision(n)
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	MaRiaMa;
	set<char> c;
	int k = 0;
	string s;
	set<char> p;
	cin >> s;
	for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++)
	{
		c.emplace(char(97+i));
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < s.size(); i++)
	{
		p.emplace(s[i]);
	}
	auto l = c.begin();
	for (auto it = p.begin(); it != p.end()&&l != c.end(); it++)
	{
		if (*l != *it)
		{
			cout << *l;
			return 0;
		}
		l++;
	}
	cout << "None";
}


#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define ll long long
#define vi vector<int>
#define e "\n"
#define MaRiaMa { ios::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0); }
#define fix(n) cout << fixed << setprecision(n)
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	MaRiaMa;
	char c[100];
	int k = 0;
	string s;
	set<char> p;
	cin >> s;
	for (int i = 0; i < s.size(); i++)
	{
		p.emplace(s[i]);
	}
	for (auto it = p.begin(); it != p.end(); it++)
	{
		c[k] = *it;
		k++;
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < s.size()-1; i++)
	{
		if (abs(int(c[i]) - int(c[i + 1])) != 1)
		{
			cout << char(c[i]+1);
			return 0;
		}
	}
	cout << "None";
}


#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(void){
   int alpha[26],i,n,t=0;
   char str[100000];

   scanf("%s",str);
   n=strlen(str);

   for(i=0;i<n;i++)
      alpha[str[i]-'a']=1;

   for(i=0;i<26;i++)
      t+=alpha[i];

   if(t==26){printf("None\n"); return 0;}

   for(i=0;i<n;i++)
      if(alpha[i]==0){printf("%c\n",'a'+i); return 0;}
   return 0;
}


#include<stdbool.h>

bool alp[26];
main(c){
        while((c=getchar())!='\n') alp[c-'a'] = true;
        for(int i=0; i<26; i++) if(!alp[i]) {
                putchar(i+'a');
                return 0;
        }
        puts("None");
        return 0;
}


#pragma target("avx")
#pragma optimize("O3")
#include<stdbool.h>

bool alp[26];
char c;

int main(){
        while((c=getchar())!='\n') alp[c-'a'] = true;
        for(int i=0; i<26; i++) if(!alp[i]) {
                putchar(i+'a');
                return 0;
        }
        puts("None");
        return 0;
}


#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
  char s[100001];
  char a[256] = {0};
  scanf("%s",&s);
  int i = 0;
  while (s[i])
  {
    a[s[i]]++;
    i++;
  }
  i = 0;
  while (i < 256)
  {
    if (i >= 'a' && i <= 'z' && a[i] == 0)
    {
      printf("%c",i);
      return (0);
    }
    i++;
  }
  if (f == 0)
    printf("None");
}


#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
  char s[100001];
  char a[256] = {0};
  scanf("%s",&s);
  int i = 0;
  while (s[i])
  {
    a[s[i]]++;
    i++;
  }
  i = 0;
  int f = 0;
  while (i < 256)
  {
    if (i >= 'a' && i <= 'z' && a[i] == 0)
    {
      f = 1;
      printf("%c",i);
    }
    i++;
  }
  if (f == 0)
    printf("None");
}


#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef long long ll;
typedef int keytype;

int gcd(int a, int b){ return (a % b) ? gcd(b, a % b) : b;}
int lcm(int a, int b){ return (a / gcd(a, b)) * b;}

void quicksort(keytype a[], int first, int last)
{
    int i, j;
    keytype x, t;

    x = a[(first + last) / 2];
    i = first;  j = last;
    for ( ; ; ) {
        while (a[i] < x) i++;
        while (x < a[j]) j--;
        if (i >= j) break;
        t = a[i];  a[i] = a[j];  a[j] = t;
        i++;  j--;
    }
    if (first  < i - 1) quicksort(a, first , i - 1);
    if (j + 1 < last) quicksort(a, j + 1, last);
}

int is_prime(int x){
    if(x <= 1) return 0;
    for(int i = 2; i * i <= x; i++){
        if(x % i == 0) return 0;
    }
    return 1;
}

int is_substr(char s[], char t[], int i){
    int flag = 1;

    if(s[i] == '\0') flag = 0;

    for(int j = 0; j < strlen(t); ++j, ++i){
        if(s[i] != t[j]){
            flag = 0;
            break;
        }
    }
    return flag;
}

// factor list, number of factors, natural number
void factorize(int ftr[], int *num, int n){
    int a = 2, cnt = 0;

    while(n >= a){
        if(n % a == 0){
            n = n / a;
            ftr[cnt++] = a;
        }else{
            a++;
        }
    }
    *num = cnt;
}

void comb(int size1, int size2, int v[size1][size2]){
  for(int i = 0; i < size1; i++){
    v[i][0] = 1;
    v[i][i] = 1;
  }
  for(int k = 1; k < size1; k++){
    for(int j = 1; j < k; j++){
      v[k][j] = (v[k-1][j-1] + v[k-1][j]);
    }
  }
}

int abs_val(int a, int b){
    if(a > b) return a - b;
    else return b - a;
}

int main(){
    char s[100001];

    scanf("%s", s);

    int flag = 0;
    char ans = 0;
    for(int i = 0; i < 25; ++i){
        for(int j = 0; j < strlen(s); ++j){
            if(s[j] == 'a' + i){
                flag = 0;
                break;
            }else{
                flag = 1;
            }
        }
        if(flag == 1){
            ans = 'a' + i;
            break;
        }
    }

    if(ans == 0) puts("None");
    else printf("%c\n", ans);

    return 0;
}


"use strict"

function Main(input) {
  input = input.trim();
  let alp = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']

  let ret = 'None';
  for(let i=0; i<26; i++){
    if(input.indexOf(alp[i]) === -1){
      ret = alp[i];
      break
    }
  }

  console.log(ret);
}
Main(require("fs").readFileSync("/dev/stdin", "utf8"));


function Main(input){
  var S = input.replace(/\r?\n/g, '');
  var alphabet = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
  var cha = 0;
  for(var i of alphabet){
    if(S.indexOf(i)==-1){
      cha=i;
      break;
    }
  }
  if(cha==''){
    console.log('None');
  }else{
    console.log(cha);
  }
}
Main(require("fs").readFileSync("/dev/stdin", "utf8"));


"use strict";

const main = arg => {
    const S  = arg.split("\n")[0].split("");
    const alphabets = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s", "u", "v", "w", "x", "y", "z"];

    for(let i in alphabets) {
        if(S.indexOf(alphabets[i]) == -1) {
            console.log(alphabets[i]);
            return;
        }
    }

    console.log("None");
}
main(require('fs').readFileSync('/dev/stdin', 'utf8'));


/*
-------関数一覧--------
arr1dto2d(Array) 一次元配列を二次元配列にします
pf(N)因数分解した結果をオブジェクトで返します
gcd(a,b)最大公約数を返します
lcm(a,b)最小公倍数を返します
num(a,b)a-bを返します。ソート用です
isPrime(n)素数かどうか真偽値で返します
isNumber(n)数かどうか真偽値で返します
arrsum(arr)配列の合計値を返します
nibu(arr,n)n以下で最も大きい数の添字を返します(nを含みます)
br(input)入力を改行で区切ります
*/
const debugMode = false;
const inf = Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER;

function Main(input){
  input = input.split("");
  var p = ("None")
  for(var i=0;i<=25;i++){
    if(!input.includes(String.fromCharCode(97+i))){
      p = String.fromCharCode(97+i);
      break;
    }
  }
  console.log(p)
}Main(require("fs").readFileSync("/dev/stdin", "utf8").trim());
function zisyozyunn(a){
  var arr = [];
  for(var i=0;i<input[0];i++){
    arr.push(i+1);
  }
  var sum = 0;
  for(var i=0;i<a.length;i++){
    var f = arr.findIndex(val => val==a[i]);
    sum += factorialize(a.length-1-i)*f;
    arr.splice(f,1);
  }
  return sum;
}
function arrsum(arr){
  var sum = 0;
  for (var i=0,len=arr.length; i<len; ++i) {
      sum += arr[i]-0;
  };
  return sum;
}
function debug(val){
  if(debugMode==true){
    console.log(val)
  }
}
function arrMaxPoint(arr){
	var max = Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER;
	var point = -1;
	for(var i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
		if(max<arr[i]){
			max = arr[i];
			point = i;
		}
	}
	return point;
}
function arrMinPoint(arr){
	var min = Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER;
	var point = -1;
	for(var i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
		if(min>arr[i]){
			min = arr[i];
			point = i;
		}
	}
	return point;
}
function arr1dto2d (arr){
	for(var i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
		arr[i]=arr[i].split("");
		}
	return arr;
}
function isPrime(n){
    if(false===Number.isInteger(n)){
        return false;
    }
    if(n<=1){
        return false;
    }
    if(2===n){
        return true;
    }
    if(0===n%2){
        return false;
    }
    var square_root = Math.floor(Math.sqrt(n));
    for(var i=3; i<=square_root; i+=2){
        if(0===n%i){
            return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}
function isNumber(val){
	const pat = /^([1-9]\d*|0)$/;
	return pat.test(val);
}
function arr1dto2d (arr){
	for(var i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
		arr[i]=arr[i].split("");
		}
	return arr;
}
function factorialize(num) {
  if (num === 0) { return 1; }
  return num * factorialize(num-1);
}
function arr1dto2d (arr){
	for(var i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
    arr[i]=arr[i].split(" ").map(Number);
    }
  return arr;
}
function rotate(array) {
  const ROW = array.length;
  const COL = array[0].length;
  const row = ROW-1;
  var a = new Array(COL);
  for (var c=0; c<COL; c++) {
    a[c] = new Array(ROW);
    for (var r=0; r<ROW; r++) {
      a[c][r] = array[row-r][c];
    }
  }
  return a;
}
function part_in(base,push,st){
	for(var i=st,p=0;p<push.length;i++,p++){
		base[i] = push[p];
	}
	return base;
}
function part_reverse(arr,s,g){
	var push = arr.slice(s-1,g);
  push.reverse();
	arr = part_in(arr,push,s-1);
	return arr;
}
function zeroPadding(num,length){
    return (num + '000000000000000000000000000000000').slice(0,length);
}
function arrsum(arr){
    var sum = 0;
    for (var i=0,len=arr.length; i<len; ++i) {
        sum += arr[i]-0;
    };
    return sum;
}
function pf(n) {
    var result = {};

    if (n === 1) {
        return {"1":1}
    }

    var init = 2;

    while (n !== 1) {
        var i = init;
        while (i < Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER) {
            if (n % i === 0) {
                n /= i;
                if (!(result[i] > 0)) {
                    result[i] = 0;
                }
                result[i]++;
                break;
            }
            i++;
        }
        init = i;
    }
    return result;
}
function gcd(a, b) {
    if (b === 0){
        return a
    }
    return gcd(b, a % b)
}
function lcm(a,b) {
    var g = (n, m) => m ? g(m, n % m) : n
    return a * b / g(a, b)
}
function num(a, b) {
  return a - b;
}
function nibu(a,searchValue){
	var index = -1;

//調べる左端を表す添字(index)
var left = 0;

//調べる右端を表す添字(index)
var right = a.length-1;

//左端と右端にデータがある間は処理を繰り返す
while(left <= right){

    //左右の真ん中を表す添字(index)
    middle =Math.floor((left +right)/2);

    //真ん中の値と探す値を比較する
    if(a[middle]==searchValue){
        //一致した場合、変数に入れて処理終了
        index = middle;
        break;
    }else if(a[middle]<searchValue){
        //探す値より小さい場合、左側にはもっと小さい値しかないので左端の値を真ん中の値の右に移動する
        left = middle +1;
    }else{
        //探す値より大きい場合、右側にはもっと大きい値しかないので右端の値を真ん中の値の左に移動する
        right = middle -1;
    }
}
if(index!=-1) return index;
else return left;
}
function br(input){
  return input.split("\n");
}


function Main(input) {
  var s = new Set(input.split("\n")[0]);
  var t = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
  for (var i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
    if(!s.has(t[t])) {
      console.log(t[i]);
      return;
    }
  }
  console.log("None");
}
Main(require("fs").readFileSync("/dev/stdin", "utf8"));


function Main(input) {
  var s = input.split("\n")[0];
  for (var i = "a".charCodeAt(0); i <= "z".charCodeAt(0);i++) {
    if(!s.has(String.fromCharCode(i))) {
      console.log(String.fromCharCode(i));
      return;
    }
  }
  console.log("None");
}
Main(require("fs").readFileSync("/dev/stdin", "utf8"));


package main

import (
        "bufio"
        "fmt"
        "os"
)

func solution(s string) string {
        var memo [26]int

        for _, r := range s {
                memo[r-'a']++
        }
        for i := range memo {
                if memo[i] == 0 {
                        return string(rune(i + 'a'))
                }
        }
        return "None"
}

func main() {
        var fp *os.File = os.Stdin
        reader := bufio.NewReaderSize(fp, 1024)
        s := readLine(reader)
        fmt.Println(solution(s))
}

func readLine(reader *bufio.Reader) string {
        buf := make([]byte, 0, 1024)

        for {
                l, p, _ := reader.ReadLine()

                buf = append(buf, l...)

                if !p {
                        break
                }
        }
        return string(buf)
}


package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

func main() {
	// sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	t := make([]bool, 26)
	s := nextMega()
	for i := range s {
		t[s[i]-'a'] = true
	}
	for i := range t {
		if !t[i] {
			puts(string('a' + i))
			break
		}
		if i == len(t)-1 {
			puts("None")
		}
	}
	wt.Flush()
}

var (
	sc  = bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
	rdr = bufio.NewReaderSize(os.Stdin, 1000000)
	wt  = bufio.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
)

func next() string {
	sc.Scan()
	return sc.Text()
}

func nextInt() int {
	i, _ := strconv.Atoi(next())
	return i
}

func nextFloat64() float64 {
	f, _ := strconv.ParseFloat(next(), 64)
	return f
}

func nextInts(n int) []int {
	slice := make([]int, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		slice[i] = nextInt()
	}
	return slice
}

func nextFloat64s(n int) []float64 {
	slice := make([]float64, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		slice[i] = nextFloat64()
	}
	return slice
}

func nextMega() string {
	buf := make([]byte, 0, 1000000)
	for {
		l, p, _ := rdr.ReadLine()
		buf = append(buf, l...)
		if !p {
			break
		}
	}
	return string(buf)
}

func putf(format string, a ...interface{}) {
	fmt.Fprintf(wt, format, a...)
}

func puts(a ...interface{}) {
	fmt.Fprintln(wt, a...)
}


package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
)

var reader = bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)

func main() {
	s := nextLine()
	f := make([]bool, 26)
	for _, c := range s {
		f[c-97] = true
	}
	for i, e := range f {
		if !e {
			fmt.Println(string(i + 97))
			return
		}
	}
	fmt.Println("None")
	return
}

func nextLine() string {
	var buf, line []byte
	isPrefix := true
	var err error
	for isPrefix {
		buf, isPrefix, err = reader.ReadLine()
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
		line = append(line, buf...)
	}
	return string(line)

}


package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

var sc = bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)

func main() {
	scanInit()

	s := nextStr()

	c := 'a'

	for j := 0; j < 26; j++ {
		found := false
		for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
			if s[i] == byte(c) {
				found = true
				break
			}
		}
		if found == false {
			fmt.Println(string(c))
			return
		}
		c++
	}

	fmt.Println("None")

}

// ---- readfunc
func scanInit() {
	const cap = 64 * 1024
	var buf = make([]byte, cap)
	sc.Buffer(buf, cap)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	return
}
func nextInt() int {
	sc.Scan()
	i, e := strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
	if e != nil {
		panic(e)
	}
	return i
}
func nextStr() string {
	sc.Scan()
	return sc.Text()
}


package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)

var sc = bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)

func main() {
	scanInit()

	s := nextStr()

	c := 'a'

	for i := 0; i < 26; i++ {
		found := false
		for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
			if s[i] == byte(c) {
				found = true
				break
			}
		}
		if found == false {
			fmt.Println(string(c))
			return
		}
		c++
	}

	fmt.Println("None")

}

// ---- readfunc
func scanInit() {
	const cap = 64 * 1024
	var buf = make([]byte, cap)
	sc.Buffer(buf, cap)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	return
}
func nextInt() int {
	sc.Scan()
	i, e := strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
	if e != nil {
		panic(e)
	}
	return i
}
func nextStr() string {
	sc.Scan()
	return sc.Text()
}


package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"math"
	"os"
	"sort"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

//Util
func nextStr() string {
	sc.Scan()
	return sc.Text()
}

func nextInt() int {
	sc.Scan()
	i, e := strconv.Atoi(sc.Text())
	if e != nil {
		panic(e)
	}
	return i
}

func maxInt(a, b int) int {
	if a > b {
		return a
	} else {
		return b
	}
}

func minInt(a, b int) int {
	if a > b {
		return b
	} else {
		return a
	}
}

func absInt(a int) int {
	if a >= 0 {
		return a
	} else {
		return -a
	}
}

func absFloat64(a float64) float64 {
	if a >= 0 {
		return a
	} else {
		return -a
	}
}

func maxFloat64(a, b float64) float64 {
	if a > b {
		return a
	} else {
		return b
	}
}

func minFloat64(a, b float64) float64 {
	if a > b {
		return b
	} else {
		return a
	}
}

func str2Int(s string) int {
	n, _ := strconv.Atoi(s)
	return n
}

func reverse(s string) string {
	runes := []rune(s)
	for i, j := 0, len(runes)-1; i < j; i, j = i+1, j-1 {
		runes[i], runes[j] = runes[j], runes[i]
	}
	return string(runes)
}

func pow(p, q int) int {
	return int(math.Pow(float64(p), float64(q)))
}

func isPrime(x int) bool {
	if x == 1 {
		return false
	}
	if x == 2 {
		return true
	}
	if x%2 == 0 {
		return false
	}

	b := true
	rootx := int(math.Sqrt(float64(x)))
	i := 3
	for i <= rootx {
		if x%i == 0 {
			b = false
			break
		}
		i += 2
	}
	return b
}

func PrimeFactors(n int) (pfs []int) {
	// Get the number of 2s that divide n
	for n%2 == 0 {
		pfs = append(pfs, 2)
		n = n / 2
	}

	// n must be odd at this point. so we can skip one element
	// (note i = i + 2)
	for i := 3; i*i <= n; i = i + 2 {
		// while i divides n, append i and divide n
		for n%i == 0 {
			pfs = append(pfs, i)
			n = n / i
		}
	}

	// This condition is to handle the case when n is a prime number
	// greater than 2
	if n > 2 {
		pfs = append(pfs, n)
	}

	return
}

//Main
const (
	initialBufSize = 10000
	maxBufSize     = 1000000
	mod            = 1e9 + 7
)

var (
	sc *bufio.Scanner = func() *bufio.Scanner {
		sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
		buf := make([]byte, initialBufSize)
		sc.Buffer(buf, maxBufSize)
		return sc
	}()
)

var S string

func main() {
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)

	fmt.Scan(&S)
	al := "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"

	sl := strings.Split(S, "")
	sort.Strings(sl)

	//fmt.Println(sl)
	j := 0
	for _, s := range sl {
		if s == string(al[j]) {
			j++
		} else if s > string(al[j]) {
			break
		}
	}
	if j >= len(al) {
		fmt.Println("None")
	} else {
		fmt.Println(string(al[j]))
	}

}


s=gets.chomp
a=[*'a'..'z'].select{|c|!s.include?(c)}
puts a.size>0?a[0]:"None"


# 英小文字からなる文字列 S が与えられます．
# S に現れない英小文字であって，最も辞書順（アルファベット順）で小さいものを求めてください．
# ただし，S にすべての英小文字が現れる場合は，代わりに None を出力してください．

s = gets.chomp

result = "None"

("a".."z").each do |char|
  unless s.include?(char)
    result = char
    break
  end
end

puts result


s = gets
puts ('a'..'z').find{|c| !s.index(c) } || 'None'


s=[*?a..?z]
gets.chomp.each_char{|t|s.delete(t)}
puts s.empty? :None : s[0]


s=[*?a..?z]
gets.chomp.each_char{|t|s.delete(t)}
puts s[0]


s = gets.chomp.chars
#list = {"a" => 0, "b" => 0, "c" => 0, "d" => 0, "e" => 0, "f" => 0, "g" => 0, "h" => 0, "i" => 0, "j" => 0, "k" => 0, "l" => 0, "m" => 0, "n" => 0, "o" => 0, "p" => 0, "q" => 0, "r" => 0, "s" => 0, "t" => 0, "u" => 0, "v" => 0, "w" => 0, "x" => 0, "y" => 0, "z" => 0}
l = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".chars

s.each do |i|
  l.delete(i)
end

if l.length > 0
  print l.join('')
else
  print "None"
end


macro_rules! input {
    (source = $s:expr, $($r:tt)*) => {
        let mut iter = $s.split_whitespace();
        input_inner!{iter, $($r)*}
    };
    ($($r:tt)*) => {
        let mut s = {
            use std::io::Read;
            let mut s = String::new();
            std::io::stdin().read_to_string(&mut s).unwrap();
            s
        };
        let mut iter = s.split_whitespace();
        input_inner!{iter, $($r)*}
    };
}

macro_rules! input_inner {
    ($iter:expr) => {};
    ($iter:expr, ) => {};

    ($iter:expr, $var:ident : $t:tt $($r:tt)*) => {
        let mut $var = read_value!($iter, $t);
        input_inner!{$iter $($r)*}
    };
}

macro_rules! read_value {
    ($iter:expr, ( $($t:tt),* )) => {
        ( $(read_value!($iter, $t)),* )
    };

    ($iter:expr, [ $t:tt ; $len:expr ]) => {
        (0..$len).map(|_| read_value!($iter, $t)).collect::<Vec<_>>()
    };

    ($iter:expr, chars) => {
        read_value!($iter, String).chars().collect::<Vec<char>>()
    };

    ($iter:expr, usize1) => {
        read_value!($iter, usize) - 1
    };

    ($iter:expr, $t:ty) => {
        $iter.next().unwrap().parse::<$t>().expect("Parse error")
    };
}

// use std::io::{stdout, Write, BufWriter};
//use std::cmp::{max};

const ALPHABETS_L: &'static str = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";

fn main() {
    input! {
        s: String,
    }

    for c in ALPHABETS_L.chars() {
        if !s.contains(c) {
            println!("{}", c);
            return;
        }
    }
    println!("None");
}