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Dome of the Rock
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Not to be confused with Al-Aqsa Mosque or Mosque of Omar (Jerusalem).
Dome of the Rock
Qubbat As-Sakhrah
قبّة الصخرة
Location within the Old City of Jerusalem
Basic information
Location
Jerusalem
Geographic coordinates
31°46′41″N 35°14′07″E / 31.7780°N 35.2354°E / 31.7780; 35.2354Coordinates: 31°46′41″N 35°14′07″E / 31.7780°N 35.2354°E / 31.7780; 35.2354
Affiliation
Islam
Country
Israel
Administration
Ministry of Awqaf (Jordan)
Architectural description
Architectural type
Shrine
Architectural style
Umayyad, Abbasid, Ottoman
Date established
built 688–692,[1] expanded 820s, restored 1020s, 1545–1566, 1721/2, 1817, 1874/5, 1959–1962, 1993.
Specifications
Dome(s)
1
Minaret(s)
0
The Dome of the Rock (Arabic: قبة الصخرة Qubbat al-Sakhrah, Hebrew: כיפת הסלע Kippat ha-Sela) is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem.
It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik during the Second Fitna, built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus, which had in turn been built on the site of the Second Jewish Temple, destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE. The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022–23. The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture.[2]
Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces,[3] although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period, notably with the addition of the gold-plated roof, in 1959–61 and again in 1993. The octagonal plan of the structure may have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary (also known as Kathisma in Greek and al-Qadismu in Arabic) built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem.[3]
The site's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure.[4][5]
In Jewish tradition the rock bears great significance as the Foundation Stone, the place from which the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human, Adam;[6] as the site on Mount Moriah where Abraham attempted to sacrifice his son; and as the place where God's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place, towards which Jews turn during prayer.
A UNESCO World Heritage Site, it has been called "Jerusalem's most recognizable landmark,"[7] along with two nearby Old City structures, the Western Wall, and the "Resurrection Rotunda" in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.[8]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Pre-Islamic
1.2 Original construction
1.3 Abbasids and Fatimids
1.4 Crusaders
1.5 Ayyubids and Mamluks
1.6 Ottoman Empire (1517–1917)
1.7 Modern history
2 Accessibility
3 Religious significance
4 Architectural homages
5 See also
6 Notes
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
History
Pre-Islamic
Main articles: Temple Mount, Herod's Temple, and Aelia Capitolina
Reconstruction of Herod's Temple as seen from the east (Holyland Model of Jerusalem, 1966)
The Dome of the Rock is situated in the center of the Temple Mount, the site of the Temple of Solomon and the Jewish Second Temple, which had been greatly expanded under Herod the Great in the 1st century BCE. Herod's Temple was destroyed in 70 CE by the Romans, and after the Bar Kokhba revolt in 135 CE, a Roman temple to Jupiter Capitolinus was built at the site.[9]
Jerusalem was ruled by the Christian Byzantine Empire throughout the 4th to 6th centuries. During this time, Christian pilgrimage to Jerusalem began to develop.[10] The Church of the Holy Sepulchre was built under Constantine in the 320s, but the Temple Mount was left undeveloped after a failed project of restoration of the Jewish Temple under Julian the Apostate.[11]
Original construction
The Dome of the Rock is now mostly assumed to have been built by the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik and his son and successor Al-Walid I. According to Sibt ibn al-Jawzi, construction started in 687. Construction cost was reportedly seven times the yearly tax income of Egypt.[12] A dedicatory inscription in Kufic script is preserved inside the dome. The date is recorded as AH 72 (691/2 CE), the year historians believe the construction of the original Dome was completed.[13] In this inscription, the name of al-Malik was deleted and replaced by the name of Abbasid caliph Al-Ma'mun. This alteration of the original inscription was first noted by Melchior de Vogüé in 1864.[14] Some scholars have suggested that the dome was added to an existing building, built either by Muawiyah I (r. 661–680),[15] or indeed a Byzantine building dating to before the Muslim conquest, built under Heraclius (r. 610–641).[16]
Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces.[3] The two engineers in charge of the project were Raja ibn Haywah, a Muslim theologian from Beit She'an and Yazid Ibn Salam, a non-Arab who was Muslim and a native of Jerusalem.[3][17]
Cross section of the Dome (print from 1887, after the first detailed drawings of the Dome, made by Frederick Catherwood in 1833).[18]
Shelomo Dov Goitein of the Hebrew University has argued that the Dome of the Rock was intended to compete with the many fine buildings of worship of other religions: "The very form of a rotunda, given to the Qubbat as-Sakhra, although it was foreign to Islam, was destined to rival the many Christian domes."[19] K.A.C. Creswell in his book The Origin of the Plan of the Dome of the Rock notes that those who built the shrine used the measurements of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. The diameter of the dome of the shrine is 20.20 m (66.3 ft) and its height 20.48 m (67.2 ft), while the diameter of the dome of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre is 20.90 m (68.6 ft) and its height 21.05 m (69.1 ft).
The structure was basically octagonal. It comprised a wooden dome, approximately 20 m (66 ft) in diameter, which was mounted on an elevated drum consisting of a circle of 16 piers and columns.[20] Surrounding this circle was an octagonal arcade of 24 piers and columns.
Abbasids and Fatimids
The building was severely damaged by earthquakes in 808 and again in 846.[21] The dome collapsed in an earthquake in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022–23. The mosaics on the drum were repaired in 1027–28.[22]
Crusaders
Main article: Templum Domini
Depiction of the Templum Domini on the reverse side of the seal of the Knights Templar
For centuries Christian pilgrims were able to come and experience the Temple Mount, but escalating violence against pilgrims to Jerusalem (Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, who ordered the destruction of the Holy Sepulchre, was an example) instigated the Crusades.[23] The Crusaders captured Jerusalem in 1099 and the Dome of the Rock was given to the Augustinians, who turned it into a church, while the Al-Aqsa Mosque became a royal palace. The Knights Templar, active from c. 1119, identified the Dome of the Rock as the site of the Temple of Solomon and set up their headquarters in the Al-Aqsa Mosque adjacent to the Dome for much of the 12th century. The Templum Domini, as they called the Dome of the Rock, featured on the official seals of the Order's Grand Masters (such as Everard des Barres and Renaud de Vichiers), and soon became the architectural model for round Templar churches across Europe.
Ayyubids and Mamluks
Jerusalem was recaptured by Saladin on 2 October 1187, and the Dome of the Rock was reconsecrated as a Muslim shrine. The cross on top of the dome was replaced by a crescent,[citation needed] and a wooden screen was placed around the rock below.[citation needed] Saladin's nephew al-Malik al-Mu'azzam Isa carried out other restorations within the building, and added the porch to the Al-Aqsa Mosque.[citation needed]
The Dome of the Rock was the focus of extensive royal patronage by the sultans during the Mamluk period, which lasted from 1250 until 1510.[citation needed]
Ottoman Empire (1517–1917)
During the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent (1520–1566) the exterior of the Dome of the Rock was covered with tiles. This work took seven years.[citation needed]
The interior of the dome is lavishly decorated with mosaic, faience and marble, much of which was added several centuries after its completion. It also contains Qur'anic inscriptions. Surah Ya Sin (the "Heart of the Quran") is inscribed across the top of the tile work and was commissioned in the 16th century by Suleiman the Magnificent. Al-Isra, the Surah 17 which tells the story of the Isra or Night Journey, is inscribed above this.
Adjacent to the Dome of the Rock, the Ottomans built the free-standing Dome of the Prophet in 1620. Large-scale renovation was undertaken during the reign of Mahmud II in 1817.
In a major restoration project undertaken in 1874–75 during the reign of the Ottoman Sultan Abdülaziz, all the tiles on the west and southwest walls of the octagonal part of the building were removed and replaced by copies that had been made in Turkey.[24][25]
The first-ever photograph of the building, 1842–44
View from the north, Francis Bedford (1862)
West front in 1862. By this date many of the 16th century tiles were missing.
Interior showing mosaic decoration (1914)
Tiled façade (2013)
Interior showing rock (1915)
Modern history
1920s photograph
Haj Amin al-Husseini, appointed Grand Mufti by the British during the 1917 mandate of Palestine, along with Yaqub al-Ghusayn, implemented the restoration of the Dome of the Rock and the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem.
The Dome of the Rock was badly shaken during the 11 July 1927 Jericho earthquake, damaging many of the repairs that had taken place over previous years.
In 1955, an extensive program of renovation was begun by the government of Jordan, with funds supplied by Arab governments and Turkey. The work included replacement of large numbers of tiles dating back to the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, which had become dislodged by heavy rain. In 1965, as part of this restoration, the dome was covered with a durable aluminium bronze alloy made in Italy that replaced the lead exterior. Before 1959, the dome was covered in blackened lead. In the course of substantial restoration carried out from 1959 to 1962, the lead was replaced by aluminum-bronze plates covered with gold leaf.
A few hours after the Israeli flag was hoisted over the Dome of the Rock in 1967 during the Six-Day War, Israelis lowered it on the orders of Moshe Dayan and invested the Muslim waqf (religious trust) with the authority to manage the Temple Mount / Haram al-Sharif, in order to "keep the peace".[26]
The reverse of a 1000-rials banknote from 1982.
In 1993, the golden dome covering was refurbished following a donation of USD 8.2 million by King Hussein of Jordan who sold one of his houses in London to fund the 80 kilograms of gold required.[citation needed]
The Dome of the Rock is depicted on the reverse of the Iranian 1000 rials banknote.[27]
Accessibility
Sign at visitors entrance to Temple Mount
The Dome is maintained by the Ministry of Awqaf in Amman, Jordan.[28]
Until the mid-twentieth century, non-Muslims were not permitted in the area. Since 1967, non-Muslims have been permitted limited access; however non-Muslims are not permitted to pray on the Temple Mount, bring prayer books, or wear religious apparel. The Israeli police help enforce this.[29] Israel restricted access for a short time during 2012 of Palestinian residents of the West Bank to the Temple Mount. West Bank Palestinian men had to be over 35 to be eligible for a permit.[30] Palestinian residents of Jerusalem, who hold Israeli residency cards, and Palestinians with Israeli citizenship are permitted unrestricted access.
Some Orthodox rabbis encourage Jews to visit the site, while most forbid entry to the compound lest there be a violation of Jewish law. Even rabbis who encourage entrance to the Temple Mount prohibit entrance to the actual Dome of the Rock.[31]
Religious significance
The Temple in Jerusalem depicted as the Dome of the Rock on the printer's mark of Marco Antonio Giustiniani, Venice 1545–52
According to some Islamic scholars, the rock is the spot[32] from which the Islamic prophet Muhammad ascended to Heaven accompanied by the angel Gabriel. Further, Muhammad was taken here by Gabriel to pray with Abraham, Moses, and Jesus.[33] Other Islamic scholars believe that the Prophet ascended to Heaven from the Al-Aqsa Mosque.[34][35]
Muslims believe the location of the Dome of the Rock to be the site mentioned in Sura 17 of the Qur'an, which tells the story of the Isra and Mi'raj, the miraculous Night Journey of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to "the farthest mosque", where he leads prayers and rises to heaven to receive instructions from Allah. The Night Journey is mentioned in the Qur'an in a very brief form and is further elaborated by the hadiths. Caliph Umar ibn Al-Khattab (579–644) was advised by Ka'ab al-Ahbar, a Jewish rabbi who converted to Islam,[36] that "the farthest mosque" is identical with the site of the former Jewish Temples in Jerusalem.[citation needed]
The Foundation Stone viewed from the dome. Photograph was taken between 1900 and 1920, before the removal of the surrounding iron grill.
The Foundation Stone and its surroundings is the holiest site in Judaism. Though Muslims now pray towards the Kaaba at Mecca, they once[year needed] faced the Temple Mount as the Jews do. Muhammad changed the direction of prayer for Muslims after a revelation from Allah. Jews traditionally regarded[year needed] the location of the stone as the holiest spot on Earth, the site of the Holy of Holies during the Temple Period.
According to Jewish tradition, the stone is the site where Abraham prepared to sacrifice his son Isaac.
On the walls of the Dome of the Rock is an inscription in a mosaic frieze that includes an explicit rejection of the divinity of Christ, from Quran (19:33–35):
33. "So peace is upon me the day I was born, and the day I die, and the day I shall be raised alive!" 34. Such is Jesus, son of Mary. It is a statement of truth, about which they doubt. 35. It is not befitting to (the majesty of) Allah that He should take himself a child. Glory be to Him! when He determines a matter, He only says to it, "Be", and it is.
According to Goitein, the inscriptions decorating the interior clearly display a spirit of polemic against Christianity, whilst stressing at the same time the Qur'anic doctrine that Jesus was a true prophet. The formula la sharika lahu ("God has no companion") is repeated five times; the verses from Sura Maryam 19:35–37, which strongly reaffirm Jesus' prophethood to God, are quoted together with the prayer: Allahumma salli ala rasulika wa'abdika 'Isa bin Maryam – "O Lord, send your blessings to your Prophet and Servant Jesus son of Mary." He believes that this shows that rivalry with Christendom, together with the spirit of Muslim mission to the Christians, was at work at the time of construction.[19]
The Temple Institute wishes to relocate the Dome to another site and replace it with a Third Temple.[37] Many Israelis are ambivalent about the Movement's wishes.[weasel words] Some religious Jews, following rabbinic teaching, believe that the Temple should only be rebuilt in the messianic era, and that it would be presumptuous of people to force God's hand. However, some Evangelical Christians consider rebuilding of the Temple to be a prerequisite to Armageddon and the Second Coming.[38] Jeremy Gimpel, a US-born candidate for Habayit Hayehudi in the 2013 Israeli elections, caused a controversy when he was recorded telling a Fellowship Church evangelical group in Florida in 2011 to imagine the incredible experience that would follow were the Dome to be destroyed. All Christians would be immediately transported to Israel, he opined.[39]
Architectural homages
The Dome of the Rock has inspired the architecture of a number of buildings. These include the octagonal Church of St. Giacomo in Italy, the Mausoleum of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent in Istanbul, the octagonal Moorish Revival style Rumbach Street Synagogue in Budapest, and the New Synagogue in Berlin, Germany. It was long believed by Christians that the Dome of the Rock echoed the architecture of the Temple in Jerusalem, as can be seen in Raphael's The Marriage of the Virgin and in Perugino's Marriage of the Virgin.[40]
Panorama of the Temple Mount, including Al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock, from the Mount of Olives
See also
Islam portal
Christianity portal
Judaism portal
Ablaq
History of Medieval Arabic and Western European domes
List of the oldest mosques in the world
New Jerusalem
Well of Souls
Notes
Jump up ^ Gil, Moshe (1997). A History of Palestine, 634–1099. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-59984-9.
Jump up ^ Slavik, Diane (2001). Cities through Time: Daily Life in Ancient and Modern Jerusalem. Geneva, Illinois: Runestone Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-8225-3218-7.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Avner, Rina (2010). "The Dome of the Rock in light of the development of concentric martyria in Jerusalem" (PDF). Muqarnas. Volume 27: An Annual on the Visual Cultures of the Islamic World. Leiden: Brill. pp. 31–50 [43–44]. ISBN 978-900418511-1. JSTOR 25769691.
Jump up ^ M. Anwarul Islam and Zaid F. Al-hamad (2007). "The Dome of the Rock: Origin of its octagonal plan". Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 139 (2): 109–128.
Jump up ^ Nasser Rabbat (1989). "The meaning of the Umayyad Dome of the Rock". Muqarnas. 6: 12–21.
Jump up ^ Carol Delaney, Abraham on Trial: The Social Legacy of Biblical Myth, Princeton University Press 2000 p.120.
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Jeffrey (29 January 2001). "Arafat's Gift". The New Yorker. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "UNESCO World Heritage".
Jump up ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Aelia Capitolina". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 256. Lester L. Grabbe (2010). An Introduction to Second Temple Judaism: History and Religion of the Jews in the Time of Nehemiah, the Maccabees, Hillel, and Jesus. A&C Black. p. 29.
Jump up ^ Davidson, Linda Kay and David Martin Gitlitz Pilgrimage: From the Ganges to Graceland : an Encyclopedia Volume 1, ABC-CLIO, Inc, Santa Barbara, CA 2002, p. 274.
Jump up ^ "Julian thought to rebuild at an extravagant expense the proud Temple once at Jerusalem, and committed this task to Alypius of Antioch. Alypius set vigorously to work, and was seconded by the governor of the province, when fearful balls of fire, breaking out near the foundations, continued their attacks, till the workmen, after repeated scorchings, could approach no more: and he gave up the attempt." Ammianus Marcellinus, Res Gestae, 23.1.2–3.
Jump up ^ Jacob Lassner: Muslims on the sanctity of Jerusalem: preliminary thoughts on the search for a conceptual framework. In: Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam. Band 31 (2006), p. 176.
Jump up ^ Necipoğlu 2008, p. 22.
Jump up ^ Vogüé 1864, p. 85.
Jump up ^ Oleg Grabar: The Meaning of the Dome of the Rock.
Jump up ^ Busse, Heribert (1991). "Zur Geschichte und Deutung der frühislamischen Ḥarambauten in Jerusalem". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins (in German). 107: 144–154. JSTOR 27931418.
Jump up ^ Richard Ettinghausen; Oleg Grabar; Marilyn Jenkins (2001). Islamic Art and Architecture 650–1250. Yale University Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-300-08869-4.
Jump up ^ "Drawings of Islamic Buildings: Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem". Victoria and Albert Museum. Archived from the original on 9 March 2009. Until 1833 the Dome of the Rock had not been measured or drawn; according to Victor von Hagen, 'no architect had ever sketched its architecture, no antiquarian had traced its interior design...' On 13 November in that year, however, Frederick Catherwood dressed up as an Egyptian officer and accompanied by an Egyptian servant 'of great courage and assurance', entered the buildings of the mosque with his drawing materials... 'During six weeks, I continued to investigate every part of the mosque and its precincts.' Thus, Catherwood made the first complete survey of the Dome of the Rock, and paved the way for many other artists in subsequent years, such as William Harvey, Ernest Richmond and Carl Friedrich Heinrich Werner.
^ Jump up to: a b Goitein, Shelomo Dov (1950). "The historical background of the erection of the Dome of the Rock". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 70 (2): 104–108. JSTOR 595539.
Jump up ^ "Dome of the Rock". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Amiran, D.H.K.; Arieh, E.; Turcotte, T. (1994). "Earthquakes in Israel and adjacent areas: macroseismic observations since 100 B.C.E.". Israel Exploration Journal. 44 (3/4): 260–305 [267]. JSTOR 27926357.
Jump up ^ Necipoğlu 2008, p. 31.
Jump up ^ Stark, Rodney. God's Battalions; a Case for the Crusades. Harper Collins, NY, 2009, pp. 84–85.
Jump up ^ Clermont-Ganneau 1899, p. 179.
Jump up ^ St. Laurent, Beatrice; Riedlmayer, András (1993). "Restorations of Jerusalem and the Dome of the Rock and their political significance, 1537–1928" (PDF). In Necipoğlu, Gülru. Muqarnas. Volume 10: Essays in Honor of Oleg Grabar. Leiden: Brill. pp. 76–84. JSTOR 1523174.
Jump up ^ "Letter from Jerusalem: A Fight Over Sacred Turf by Sandra Scham". Archaeology.org. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Central Bank of Iran. Banknotes & Coins: 1000 Rials. – Retrieved on 24 March 2009.
Jump up ^ Business Optimization Consultants B.O.C. "Hashemite Restorations of the Islamic Holy Places in Jerusalem – kinghussein.gov.jo – Retrieved 21 January 2008". Kinghussein.gov.jo. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Jerusalem's Holy Places and the Peace Process Marshall J. Breger and Thomas A. Idinopulos, Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 1998.
Jump up ^ Browning, Noah (15 August 2012). "Palestinians flock to Jerusalem as Israeli restrictions eased – Yahoo! News". News.yahoo.com. Archived from the original on 18 August 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2012.
Jump up ^ Zivotofsky. "Tzarich Iyun: The Har HaBayit – OU Torah". OU Torah. Retrieved 2015-11-16.
Jump up ^ Braswell, G. Islam – Its Prophets, People, Politics and Power. Nashville, TN: Broadman and Holman Publishers. 1996. p. 14
Jump up ^ Ali, A. The Holy Qur'an – Translation and Commentary. Bronx, NY: Islamic Propagation Centre International. 1946. pp. 1625–31
Jump up ^ "Me'raj – The Night Ascension". Al-islam.org. Retrieved 31 October 2012.
Jump up ^ "Meraj Article". Duas.org. Retrieved 31 October 2012.
Jump up ^ Yakub of Syria (Ka'b al-Ahbar) Last Jewish Attempt at Islamic Leadership Committee for Historical Research in Islam and Judaism, © 2004–2012, accessed July 2013.[dead link] "He continued to follow Rabbinic tradition such that later Islamic historians questioned whether he ever 'converted' to Islam."
Jump up ^ raisa (2014-07-30). "'Third Temple' crowdfunding plan aims to relocate Jerusalem's Dome of the Rock" (Text). The Stream - Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 2017-11-25.
Jump up ^ Stephen Spector, Evangelicals and Israel:The Story of American Christian Zionism, Oxford University Press, 2008 p. 202.
Jump up ^ Andrew Esensten U.S.-born Knesset candidate, Jeremy Gimpel, and his Dome of the Rock 'joke', Haaretz 20 January 2013.
Jump up ^ Burckhardt, Jacob; Peter Murray; James C. Palmes (1986). The Architecture of the Italian Renaissance. University of Chicago Press. p. 81.
References
Creswell, K.A.C. (1924). The Origin of the Plan of the Dome of the Rock (2 Volumes). London: British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem. OCLC 5862604.
Peterson, Andrew (1994). Dictionary of Islamic Architecture. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-06084-2
Braswell, G. (1996). Islam – Its Prophets, People, Politics and Power. Nashville, TN: Broadman and Holman Publishers.
Clermont-Ganneau, Charles (1899). "Chapter VIII The Kubbet es Sakhra". Archaeological Researches in Palestine During the Years 1873–1874. Volume 1. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. pp. 179–227.
Necipoğlu, Gülru (2008). "The Dome of the Rock as palimpsest: 'Abd al-Malik's grand narrative and Sultan Süleyman's glosses" (PDF). In Necipoğlu, Gülru; Bailey, Julia. Muqarnas: An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World. Volume 25. Leiden: Brill. pp. 17–105. ISBN 978-900417327-9.
Ali, A. (1946). The Holy Qur’an – Translation and Commentary. Bronx, NY: Islamic Propagation Centre International.
Islam, M. Anwarul; Al-Hamad, Zaid (2007). "The Dome of the Rock: origin of its octagonal plan". Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 139 (2): 109–128. doi:10.1179/003103207x194145.
Christoph Luxenberg: Neudeutung der arabischen Inschrift im Felsendom zu Jerusalem. In: Karl-Heinz Ohlig / Gerd-R. Puin (Hg.): Die dunklen Anfänge. Neue Forschungen zur Entstehung und frühen Geschichte des Islam, Berlin (Verlag Hans Schiler) 2005, S. 124–147. English version: "A New Interpretation of the Arabic Inscription in Jerusalem's Dome of the Rock". In: Karl-Heinz Ohlig / Gerd-R. Puin (eds.): The Hidden Origins of Islam: New Research into Its Early History, Amherst, N.Y. (Prometheus Books) 2010
Vogüé, Melchior de (1864). Le Temple de Jérusalem : monographie du Haram-ech-Chérif, suivie d'un essai sur la topographie de la Ville-sainte (in French). Paris: Noblet & Baudry.
Further reading
Grabar, Oleg (2006). The Dome of the Rock. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press. ISBN 978-0-674-02313-0.
Flood, Finbarr B. (2000). "The Ottoman windows in the Dome of the Rock and the Aqsa Mosque" (PDF). In Auld, Sylvia; Hillenbrand, Robert. Ottoman Jerusalem: The Living City: 1517–1917. Volume 1. London: Altajir World of Islam Trust. pp. 431–463. ISBN 978-1-901435-03-0.
Kessler, Christel (1964). "Above the ceiling of the outer ambulatory in the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (3/4): 83–94. JSTOR 25202759.
Kessler, Christel (1970). "'Abd Al-Malik's inscription in the Dome of the Rock: a reconsideration". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (1): 2–14. JSTOR 25203167.
Richmond, Ernest Tatham (1924). The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem: A Description of its Structure and Decoration. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
St. Laurent, Beatrice (1998). "The Dome of the Rock and the politics of restoration". Bridgewater Review. 17 (2): 14–20.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dome of the Rock.
"Qubba al-Sakhra, Jerusalem". Archnet Digital Archive.
Dome of the Rock Sacred sites
The Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem Masterpieces of Islamic Architecture
Ochs, Christoph (2010). "Dome of the Rock". Bibledex in Israel. Brady Haran for the University of Nottingham.
Allen, Terry (2014). "The Marble Revetment of the Piers of the Dome of the Rock". Occidental, CA: Solipsist Press. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
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text:
List of highest mountains of Tasmania
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Australian island state of Tasmania has a diverse range of geography but a prominent feature is the mountains of the island. Overall Tasmania is comparatively low-lying with the highest point at 1,617 metres (5,305 ft). Tasmania has ten peaks over the height of 1,500 metres (4,921 ft). With thirty peaks higher than 1,200 metres (3,937 ft), it is one of the most mountainous islands in the world, and Tasmania is Australia's most mountainous state.
The majority of the mountain peaks of Tasmania are located in the Western half of the state, starting at the coast in the South West and extending inland to the north, or in the Central Highlands.
Tasmania's mountains were part of an ancient range of volcanic peaks from the period of Gondwana, and are the source of a large portion of Tasmania's wealth in the form of mining. Although the eastern half of the state is generally lower and flatter, there are still sizeable peaks located there, such as Mt Wellington.
Contents
[hide]
1 Notable peaks
2 Historical peaks
3 See also
4 Notes
5 Further reading
6 External links
Notable peaks[edit]
Map all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap · Google Maps
Download coordinates as: KML · GPX
The following notable mountain peaks in Tasmania range in heights from 1,200 to 1,600 metres (3,937 to 5,249 ft) above sea level.[1]
Rank
Name
Altitude AHD
Location
Prominence
Range
Parent
Notes
m
ft
m
ft
1 Mount Ossa 1,617 5,305 41°52′12″S 146°01′48″E / 41.87000°S 146.03000°E / -41.87000; 146.03000 (Mount Ossa) 1,617 5,305 Pelion n/a [2][3][4]
2 Legges Tor 1,572 5,157 41°31′48″S 147°39′00″E / 41.53000°S 147.65000°E / -41.53000; 147.65000 (Legges Tor) 1,303 4,275 Ben Lomond n/a [5][6][7][8]
3 Giblin Peak 1,569 5,148 41°31′48″S 147°39′00″E / 41.53000°S 147.65000°E / -41.53000; 147.65000 (Giblin Peak) 9 30 Ben Lomond Legges Tor [9][10][11]
4 Mount Pelion West 1,560 5,118 41°49′48″S 145°58′12″E / 41.83000°S 145.97000°E / -41.83000; 145.97000 (Mount Pelion West) 469 1,539 Pelion Mount Ossa [12][13][14]
5 Barn Bluff 1,559 5,115 41°43′12″S 145°55′12″E / 41.72000°S 145.92000°E / -41.72000; 145.92000 (Barn Bluff) 622 2,041 Cradle Cirque – Bluff Cirque [15][16][17]
6 Cradle Mountain 1,545 5,069 41°40′48″S 145°56′24″E / 41.68000°S 145.94000°E / -41.68000; 145.94000 (Cradle Mountain) 355 1,165 [18][19][20]
7 Markham Heights 1,542 5,059 41°30′36″S 147°39′00″E / 41.51000°S 147.65000°E / -41.51000; 147.65000 (Markham Heights) 52 171 Ben Lomond Legges Tor [21][22]
8 Hamilton Crags 1,538 5,046 98 322 Ben Lomond Legges Tor [23]
9 Smithies Peak 1,527 5,010 41°40′48″S 145°57′00″E / 41.68000°S 145.95000°E / -41.68000; 145.95000 (Smithies Peak) 17 56 Cradle Cirque – Bluff Cirque [24][25]
Stacks Bluff 1,527 5,010 41°37′12″S 147°40′48″E / 41.62000°S 147.68000°E / -41.62000; 147.68000 (Stacks Bluff) 208 682 Ben Lomond Legges Tor [26][27][28]
11 Du Cane Range (unnamed peak) 1,520 4,987 41°56′24″S 146°02′24″E / 41.94000°S 146.04000°E / -41.94000; 146.04000 (Du Cane Range) Du Cane Mount Ossa [29]
12 Mount Geryon North 1,516 4,974 41°55′12″S 146°03′00″E / 41.92000°S 146.05000°E / -41.92000; 146.05000 (Mount Geryon) 580 1,903 Du Cane Mount Ossa [30][26][31]
13 Mount Massif 1,514 4,967 41°54′00″S 146°02′24″E / 41.90000°S 146.04000°E / -41.90000; 146.04000 (Mount Massif) 204 669 Du Cane Mount Ossa [32][33][34]
14 Misery Bluff 1,510 4,954 Ben Lomond Legges Tor
15 Mount Geryon South 1,509 4,951 41°55′12″S 146°03′00″E / 41.92000°S 146.05000°E / -41.92000; 146.05000 (Mount Geryon) 39 128 Du Cane Mount Ossa [30][35]
16 King Davids Peak 1,499 4,918 41°48′36″S 146°16′48″E / 41.81000°S 146.28000°E / -41.81000; 146.28000 (King Davids Peak) 449 1,473 [36][22]
17 Ossian’s Throne 1,498 4,915 Ben Lomond Legges Tor
Coalmine Crag 1,498 4,915 Ben Lomond Legges Tor
19 Mount Gould 1,485 4,872 41°58′12″S 146°02′24″E / 41.97000°S 146.04000°E / -41.97000; 146.04000 (Mount Gould) 355 1,165 Du Cane Mount Ossa [37][38]
20 Castle Crag 1,482 4,862 41°54′36″S 146°05′24″E / 41.91000°S 146.09000°E / -41.91000; 146.09000 (Castle Crag) Du Cane Mount Ossa [39]
Mount Thetis 1,482 4,862 41°51′36″S 145°59′24″E / 41.86000°S 145.99000°E / -41.86000; 145.99000 (Mount Thetis) 285 935 Du Cane Mount Ossa [40][41]
22 The Acropolis 1,481 4,859 41°55′48″S 146°03′36″E / 41.93000°S 146.06000°E / -41.93000; 146.06000 (The Acropolis) 171 561 Du Cane Mount Ossa [42][43][44]
23 Mount Hyperion 1,480 4,856 41°54′35″S 146°01′47″E / 41.90972°S 146.02972°E / -41.90972; 146.02972 (The Acropolis) 170 558 Du Cane Mount Ossa [45][46]
24 Magnet Crag 1,464 4,803 41°32′59″S 147°37′48″E / 41.54972°S 147.63000°E / -41.54972; 147.63000 (Magnet Crag) Ben Lomond Legges Tor [47]
25 Mount Pelion East 1,461 4,793 41°51′00″S 146°03′36″E / 41.85000°S 146.06000°E / -41.85000; 146.06000 (Mount Pelion East) 335 1,099 Pelion Mount Ossa [48]
26 Mount Jerusalem 1,459 4,787 41°49′12″S 146°19′12″E / 41.82000°S 146.32000°E / -41.82000; 146.32000 (Mount Jerusalem) 166 545 [49][50]
27 Mount Olympus East-Peak (Tasmania) 1,449 4,754 42°02′43″S 146°07′05″E / 42.04528°S 146.11806°E / -42.04528; 146.11806 (Mount Olympus) 109 358 [51][52]
Clumner Bluff 1,449 4,754
29 Mount Gell 1,447 4,747 42°09′00″S 146°01′12″E / 42.15000°S 146.02000°E / -42.15000; 146.02000 (Mount Gell) 557 1,827 Cheyne Range [53][54]
30 Solomons Throne 1,446 4,744 41°49′12″S 146°17′24″E / 41.82000°S 146.29000°E / -41.82000; 146.29000 (Solomons Throne) [55]
Frenchmans Cap 1,446 4,744 42°16′12″S 145°49′12″E / 42.27000°S 145.82000°E / -42.27000; 145.82000 (Frenchmans Cap) 966 3,169 [56][57]
32 Ironstone Mountain 1,444 4,738 41°42′36″S 146°28′12″E / 41.71000°S 146.47000°E / -41.71000; 146.47000 (Ironstone Mountain) 194 636 Great Western Tiers n/a [58][59][60]
33 Eldon Peak 1,440 4,724 41°58′12″S 145°43′48″E / 41.97000°S 145.73000°E / -41.97000; 145.73000 (Eldon Peak) 610 2,001 Eldon Range n/a [61][62]
34 Mount Field West 1,435 4,708 42°39′00″S 146°35′35″E / 42.65000°S 146.59306°E / -42.65000; 146.59306 (Mount Field West) 981 3,219 Rodway Range [63][64]
35 Mersey Crag 1,432 4,698 41°46′12″S 146°19′48″E / 41.77000°S 146.33000°E / -41.77000; 146.33000 (Mersey Crag) 143 469 Ben Lomond Legges Tor [65][66]
36 Walled Mountain 1,431 4,695 41°56′23″S 146°00′35″E / 41.93972°S 146.00972°E / -41.93972; 146.00972 (Walled Mountain) 301 988 Du Cane Mount Ossa [67][68]
37 Mount Anne 1,423 4,669 42°56′35″S 146°25′26″E / 42.94306°S 146.42389°E / -42.94306; 146.42389 (Mount Anne) 963 3,159 [69]
38 Western Bluff 1,420 4,659 41°36′36″S 146°16′47″E / 41.61000°S 146.27972°E / -41.61000; 146.27972 (Western Bluff) 257 843 Great Western Tiers Ironstone Mountain [70][71]
39 Mount Rufus 1,416 4,646 42°07′11″S 146°05′23″E / 42.11972°S 146.08972°E / -42.11972; 146.08972 (Mount Rufus) 426 1,398 [72][73]
40 Macs Mountain 1,413 4,636 41°55′48″S 145°58′47″E / 41.93000°S 145.97972°E / -41.93000; 145.97972 (Macs Mountain) 273 896 Du Cane Mount Ossa [74][75]
41 Mount Emmett 1,410 4,626 41°42′00″S 145°58′12″E / 41.70000°S 145.97000°E / -41.70000; 145.97000 (Mount Emmett) 259 850 Cradle Cirque – Bluff Cirque [76][77]
42 Fisher Bluff 1,408 4,619 41°42′00″S 146°19′12″E / 41.70000°S 146.32000°E / -41.70000; 146.32000 (Fisher Bluff) 126 413 Great Western Tiers Ironstone Mountain [78][79]
43 Mount Barrow 1,406 4,613 41°22′12″S 147°24′36″E / 41.37000°S 147.41000°E / -41.37000; 147.41000 796 2,612 [80][81]
Twin Spires 1,406 4,613 41°52′48″S 146°06′36″E / 41.88000°S 146.11000°E / -41.88000; 146.11000 (Twin Spires) 346 1,135 [82][83]
45 Mount Hugel 1,403 4,603 42°02′59″S 146°04′48″E / 42.04972°S 146.08000°E / -42.04972; 146.08000 (Mount Hugel) 253 830 [84][85]
46 Mount Achilles 1,363 4,472 41°51′59″S 145°58′12″E / 41.86639°S 145.97000°E / -41.86639; 145.97000 173 568 Ben Lomond Legges Tor [86][87]
47 Dry's Bluff 1,340 4,396 41°43′00″S 146°48′00″E / 41.71667°S 146.80000°E / -41.71667; 146.80000 190 623 Western Tiers [88]
48 Mount Ragoona 1,336 4,383 41°52′19″S 146°12′22″E / 41.87194°S 146.20611°E / -41.87194; 146.20611 [89]
49 Mount Mawson 1,318 4,324 42°41′23″S 146°34′28″E / 42.68972°S 146.57444°E / -42.68972; 146.57444 51 167 Rodway Range [90][91]
50 Mount Murchison 1,275 4,183 41°48′00″S 145°36′36″E / 41.80000°S 145.61000°E / -41.80000; 145.61000 (Mount Murchison) 760 2,493 West Coast Range n/a [92][93]
51 Kunanyi / Mount Wellington 1,269 4,163 42°53′24″S 147°13′48″E / 42.89000°S 147.23000°E / -42.89000; 147.23000 (Mount Wellington) 693 2,274 Wellington n/a [94][95][96]
52 Hartz Peak 1,254 4,114 43°14′24″S 146°45′35″E / 43.24000°S 146.75972°E / -43.24000; 146.75972 (Hartz Peak) 838 2,749 Hartz Mountains n/a [97][98]
Mother Cummings Peak 1,255 4,117 41°39′35″S 146°31′47″E / 41.65972°S 146.52972°E / -41.65972; 146.52972 (Mother Cummings Peak) Great Western Tiers Ironstone Mountain [99]
54 Mount Roland 1,234 4,049 41°27′35″S 146°15′35″E / 41.45972°S 146.25972°E / -41.45972; 146.25972 (Mount Roland) 563 1,847 [100][101]
55 Quamby Bluff 1,228 4,029 41°39′00″S 146°41′24″E / 41.65000°S 146.69000°E / -41.65000; 146.69000 (Quamby Bluff) 498 1,634 Great Western Tiers Ironstone Mountain [102][103]
56 Adamsons Peak 1,225 4,019 43°20′59″S 146°49′12″E / 43.34972°S 146.82000°E / -43.34972; 146.82000 (Adamsons Peak) 474 1,555 Hartz Mountains Hartz Peak [104][105]
57 Federation Peak 1,224 4,016 43°16′12″S 146°27′36″E / 43.27000°S 146.46000°E / -43.27000; 146.46000 (Federation Peak) 105 344 Arthur Range [106][107]
58 Artillery Knob 1,216 3,990 41°40′11″S 145°58′12″E / 41.66972°S 145.97000°E / -41.66972; 145.97000 (Artillery Knob) [108]
59 Mount Victoria 1,213 3,980 41°19′48″S 147°49′48″E / 41.33000°S 147.83000°E / -41.33000; 147.83000 (Mount Victoria) 433 1,421 [109][110]
60 Interview Pinnacle 1,200 3,937 41°13′12″S 145°02′23″E / 41.22000°S 145.03972°E / -41.22000; 145.03972 (Interview Pinnacle) [111]
Historical peaks[edit]
As late as the mid-1950s adequate surveying of the mountains had not been completed - with the height of 19 peaks described as about in the list in Walch's Tasmanian Almanac of the over 115 peaks mentioned[112] The lack of sufficient surveying at that time also had the order of the top 10 peaks had:[112]
Mount Ossa
Legges Tor
Barn Bluff
Mount Pelion West
Cradle Mountain
Stack's Bluff
Mount Gould
Mount Rufus
Eldon Peak
Mount Olympus
When Wilkinson did his 'The Abels' in 1994, items 1-9 were the same as the current list, however Mount Geryon was not in the Abels list, and Mount Gould had not been adequately given height data at that stage.[113]
See also[edit]
Tasmap and links for indication of the mapping of these mountains
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ "Tasmania". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 5 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Mount Ossa, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 31 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "National Geospatial Reference System (Peaks 1-20)". Australian Government. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
Jump up ^ "Mount Ossa". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Legges Tor". Placenames Tasmania. Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Government of Tasmania.
Jump up ^ "LISTmap (Legges Tor)". Tasmanian Government Department of Primary Industries and Water. Retrieved 14 January 2008.
Jump up ^ "Legges Tor, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 5 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Legges Tor (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "LISTmap (Giblin Peak)". Tasmanian Government Department of Primary Industries and Water. Retrieved 5 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Giblin Peak (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Giblin Peak, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 5 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "LISTmap (Mount Pelion West)". Tasmanian Government Department of Primary Industries and Water. Retrieved 14 January 2008.
Jump up ^ "Mount Pelion West, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Mount Pelion West (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "LISTmap (Barn Bluff)". Department of Primary Industries and Water. Government of Tasmania. Retrieved 10 October 2007.
Jump up ^ "Barn Bluff, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Barn Bluff (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "LISTmap (Cradle Mountain)". Department of Primary Industries and Water. Government of Tasmania. Retrieved 19 June 2007.
Jump up ^ "Cradle Mountain, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Cradle Mountain (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Markham Heights (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
^ Jump up to: a b "King Davids Peak, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Stonjeks Lookout, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Smithies Tower, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Smithies Peak (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
^ Jump up to: a b "LISTmap (Stacks Bluff)". Tasmanian Government Department of Primary Industries and Water. Retrieved 25 March 2008.
Jump up ^ "Stacks Bluff, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Stacks Bluff (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Du Cane Range (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
^ Jump up to: a b "Mount Geryon (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Geryon, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "LISTmap (Mount Massif)". Department of Primary Industries and Water. Government of Tasmania. Retrieved 25 March 2008.
Jump up ^ "Mount Massif, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Mount Massif (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Geryon South, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "King Davids Peak (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Gould, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Mount Gould (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Castle Crag (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Thetis, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Mount Thetis (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "LISTmap (The Acropolis)". Department of Primary Industries and Water. Government of Tasmania. Retrieved 9 February 2010.
Jump up ^ "The Acropolis, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Acropolis (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Hyperion, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mount Hyperion (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Magnet Crag (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Pelion East (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Jerusalem, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Mount Jerusalem (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Olympus (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Olympus-East Peak, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 13 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mount Gell, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Mount Gell (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Solomons Throne (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Frenchmans Cap, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Frenchmans Cap (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Ironstone Mountain, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 31 May 2017.
Jump up ^ Lloyd, Sarah (2012). The edge, a natural history of Tasmania's Great Western Tiers. Friends of Jacky's Marsh Inc. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-646-57082-2.
Jump up ^ "Ironstone Mountain (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Eldon Peak, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Eldon Peak (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Field West, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 31 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mount Field West (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mersey Crag, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 31 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mersey Crag (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Walled Mountain, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Walled Mountain (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Anne, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Western Bluff, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Western Bluff (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Rufus, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mount Rufus (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Macs Mountain, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Macs Mountain (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Emmett, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mount Emmett (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Fisher Bluff, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Fisher Bluff (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Barrow, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "Mount Barrow". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Twin Spires, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Twin Spires". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Hugel, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mount Hugel (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Achilles, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mount Achilles (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Drys Bluff, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
Jump up ^ "Map of Mount Rogoona, TAS". Bonzle Digital Atlas of Australia. 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mount Mawson, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 31 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mount Mawson (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Murchison, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Mount Murchison (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Wellington, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Mount Wellington (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Tasmanian dual naming policy announced atop Kunanyi". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 13 March 2013. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
Jump up ^ "Hartz Peak, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Hartz Peak". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Hartz Peak". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Roland, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Mount Roland (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Quamby Bluff, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Quamby Bluff (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Adamsons Peak, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Adamsons Peak (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Federation Peak, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Federation Peak (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Artillery Knob (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Mount Victoria, Australia". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mount Victoria (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
Jump up ^ "Interview Pinnacle (TAS)". Gazetteer of Australia online. Geoscience Australia, Australian Government.
^ Jump up to: a b Walch's Tasmanian Almanac for 1956 - pp.416-417
Jump up ^ * Wilkinson, Bill. (1994) The Abels: Tasmania’s mountains over 1100 m high Launceston, Tas.: Regal Publications ISBN 0-949457-67-1. page 43+ Table B - The Abels arranged in Order of Altitude.
Further reading[edit]
Caine, Nel. (1983) The mountains of northeastern Tasmania: a study of alpine geomorphology Rotterdam: Balkema; Salem, NH, USA. ISBN 90-6191-289-X.
Wilkinson, Bill. (1994) The Abels: Tasmania’s mountains over 1100 m high Launceston, Tas.: Regal Publications ISBN 0-949457-67-1.
External links[edit]
Top 10 peaks
Peak-Bagger's Guide to Tasmanian Mountains
A List of Tasmania's High Places (compiled by the Bushwalk-Tasmania forum).
[hide]
v
t
e
Mountains in Tasmania, Australia
Arthur Range
Eastern
Federation (1,224 m or 4,016 ft)
Ben Lomond Range
Legges Tor (1,572 m or 5,157 ft)
Giblin Peak (1,569 m or 5,148 ft)
Markham Heights (1,542 m or 5,059 ft)
Hamilton Crags (1,540 m or 5,052 ft)
Stacks Bluff (1,527 m or 5,010 ft)
Misery Bluff (1,520 m or 4,987 ft)
Ossian’s Throne (1,498 m or 4,915 ft)
Coalmine Crag (1,498 m or 4,915 ft)
Magnet Crag (1,464 m or 4,803 ft)
Victoria (1,213 m or 3,980 ft)
Du Cane Range
unnamed peak (1,520 m or 4,987 ft)
Geryon North (1,516 m or 4,974 ft)
Massif (1,514 m or 4,967 ft)
Geryon South (1,509 m or 4,951 ft)
Gould (1,485 m or 4,872 ft)
Castle Crag (1,482 m or 4,862 ft)
Thetis (1,482 m or 4,862 ft)
The Acropolis (1,481 m or 4,859 ft)
Achilles (1,363 m or 4,472 ft)
Eldon Range
Eldon Peak (1,440 m or 4,724 ft)
Eldon Bluff
Great Western Tiers
Ironstone (1,443 m or 4,734 ft)
Pelion Range
Ossa (1,614 m or 5,295 ft)
Pelion West (1,560 m or 5,118 ft)
Pelion East (1,461 m or 4,793 ft)
Wellington Range
Kunanyi / Wellington (1,269 m or 4,163 ft)
West Coast Range
Murchison (1,275 m or 4,183 ft)
Jukes (1,168 m or 3,832 ft)
Sedgwick (1,147 m or 3,763 ft)
Owen (1,146 m or 3,760 ft)
Sorell (1,144 m or 3,753 ft)
Dundas (1,143 m or 3,750 ft)
Read (1,124 m or 3,688 ft)
Proprietary Peak (1,103 m or 3,619 ft)
Hamilton (1,103 m or 3,619 ft)
Darwin (1,031 m or 3,383 ft)
Tyndall
Geikie (1,191 m or 3,907 ft)
Tyndall (1,179 m or 3,868 ft)
Sticht
unnamed peak (1,080 m or 3,543 ft)
Not in a defined range
Mount Olympus (1,472 m or 4,829 ft)
Frenchmans Cap (1,446 m or 4,744 ft)
Barrow (1,406 m or 4,613 ft)
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This page was last edited on 26 February 2018, at 09:50.
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/wiki/Central_Highlands,_Tasmania
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Central Highlands, Tasmania

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value: Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location

value: Magnet Crag (Ben Lomond National Park) (page does not exist)

value: Mount Olympus East-Peak (Tasmania) (page does not exist)

value: Mersey Crag (Ben Lomond) (page does not exist)

value: Twin Spires (Cathedral Mountain) (page does not exist)

value: Interview Pinnacle (page does not exist)

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http://www.ga.gov.au/ngrs/index.jsp

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https://www.placenames.tas.gov.au/#p1

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value: Category:Lists of mountains by elevation

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value: Listo de la plej altaj montoj en Tasmanio – Esperanto

value: Список высочайших гор Тасмании – Russian

value: Список найвищих гір Тасманії – Ukrainian

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