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Rules of Engagement (TV series)
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Rules of Engagement
Created by
Tom Hertz
Starring
Patrick Warburton
Megyn Price
Oliver Hudson
Bianca Kajlich
Adhir Kalyan
David Spade
Opening theme
"How Many Ways"
by Señor Happy
Composer(s)
Bert Selen
George Ritter
Country of origin
United States
No. of seasons
7
No. of episodes
100 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
Cheri Tanimura
Jack Giarraputo
Tom Hertz
Barbara Stoll
Vanessa McCarthy
Doug Robinson
Adam Sandler
Camera setup
Multiple-camera setup
Running time
21 minutes
Production company(s)
Game Six Productions
Happy Madison Productions
CBS Paramount Network Television
(2007–2009)
(seasons 1-3)
CBS Television Studios
(2010–2013)
(seasons 4-7)
Sony Pictures Television
Distributor
CBS Television Distribution
(non-USA)
Sony Pictures Television
(USA)
Release
Original network
CBS
Picture format
1080i 16:9 (HDTV)
Audio format
Dolby Digital 5.1
Original release
February 5, 2007 (2007-02-05) – May 20, 2013 (2013-05-20)
External links
Website
Rules of Engagement is an American sitcom that ran on CBS from February 5, 2007, to May 20, 2013, originally airing as a mid-season replacement. The series was produced by Adam Sandler's Happy Madison Productions in association with CBS Television Studios and Sony Pictures Television (SPT controls the North American rights while CBS controls the international rights).
The show received negative reviews throughout its run.[1][2][3] Despite this, it always earned reasonably good ratings,[2] helping the show reach 100 episodes (typically the minimum for syndication) over seven seasons.
Contents
[hide]
1 Premise
2 History
3 Cast and characters
3.1 Main characters
3.2 Major recurring characters
4 Episodes
5 U.S. ratings
6 Syndication
7 Awards and nominations
8 DVD releases
9 International broadcasters
9.1 Polish version
10 References
11 External links
Premise[edit]
Two couples and their single friend deal with the complications of dating, commitment and marriage. It looks at different relationships in various stages, starring Patrick Warburton and Megyn Price as a long-married couple, Oliver Hudson and Bianca Kajlich as newly engaged sweethearts, and David Spade and Adhir Kalyan (the latter added in season 3) as their still-single friends. They often gather to enjoy a meal and discuss their issues at "The Island Diner".
History[edit]
The show was heavily promoted by CBS during Super Bowl XLI[4] and launched the following night, the first of seven episodes in its first season. The pilot episode remains the highest rated episode of the show. The series was renewed for a second season, which began as a mid-season replacement for The New Adventures of Old Christine on Monday, September 24, 2007, with production halted after nine episodes on November 6, 2007, in the wake of a writers' strike. After the strike ended, CBS announced that the show would return April 14, 2008, with a further six episodes.[5]
Seasons three and four were both mid-season entries launched in March 2009 and March 2010.[6][7] On May 18, 2010, it was announced that CBS had renewed Rules of Engagement for a 5th season.[8] It was later announced that this season would start in September, in contrast to its usual midseason start, and received an expanded 24-episode order. (The fifth season was the first and only season to have a full-season order.) The first 15 episodes aired on Monday nights, usually in the 8:30 pm Eastern/7:30 pm Central time slot following How I Met Your Mother. Then on February 24, 2011, the series moved to Thursdays at 8:30 pm Eastern/7:30 pm Central, following The Big Bang Theory, after the cancellation of $h*! My Dad Says. On January 31, 2011, CBS ordered an additional two episodes of the series to prepare for the possibility of Two and a Half Men going into hiatus following Charlie Sheen's real-life issues, taking the episode order to 26.[9] Two of these episodes were held back and aired as part of the sixth season.
On May 17, 2011, the series was renewed for a sixth season to begin airing in fall 2011. One day later, CBS announced that Rules of Engagement would move to Saturday nights at 8:00 pm Eastern/7:00 pm Central as part of the network's new Comedytime Saturday block; the first time in six years that an original CBS program would air on that night. It also marked the fourth night on which the series would air, with it previously airing on Mondays, Wednesdays (two airings), and Thursdays.[10] On October 7, 2011, however, it was announced that Rules of Engagement would move back to its 8:30PM EST Thursday timeslot following The Big Bang Theory, replacing new sitcom How to Be a Gentleman which was moved to the new Saturday time slot.[11] The episode order was cut from the original 18, down to 13 (plus two unaired episodes from season five) on November 14, 2011.[12]
Effective January 12, 2012, CBS removed Rules of Engagement from its Thursday lineup, replacing it with the new sitcom Rob starring Rob Schneider. Rules would return to its Thursday 8:30 PM time slot on March 29, after Rob had finished airing its 8-episode order,[13] resulting in a total of 15 episodes in season 6.
On May 21, 2012, CBS renewed Rules of Engagement for a seventh season of 13 episodes to air mid-season, bringing the total number of produced episodes to 100.[14] Season 7 began airing on Mondays at 8:30, starting February 4, 2013.[15]
On May 10, 2013, Rules of Engagement was cancelled by CBS after seven seasons and 100 episodes.[16] The series finale episode aired on May 20, 2013.
Cast and characters[edit]
Main characters[edit]
Patrick Warburton as Jeff Bingham, a financial manager and husband of Audrey since August 12, 1995.[17] He has a rather deadpan, cold and sardonic personality and sense of self, particularly when dealing with Russell and Adam, but he is not sadistic nor unkind, thereby rendering these traits as merely ironic and biting humor. He loves sports (NY Giants, NY Mets, NY Rangers, NY Knicks), shuns anything that might resemble sensitivity and often views his marriage as a competition, refusing to let Audrey "win" the upper hand at anything. He frequently complains about Audrey's work stories being boring, often forgets plans they have made or tasks she has asked him to complete and, on many occasions, embarrasses her publicly. He is also very frugal and extremely careful with his money – to the extent where he will buy socks in New Jersey to avoid paying additional tax on them – and tries to discourage Audrey from overspending while planning for their future. He often reminisces about his college days at Syracuse.
Megyn Price as Audrey Bingham (née Curtis), formerly from Lincoln, Nebraska, an editor at Indoor Living magazine (before later resigning) and the assertive, modern wife of Jeff. She likes to do things on spur of the moment, such as when she buys furniture on the Internet or makes Jeff's shirts into a quilt. She tolerates her husband's insensitivity because she knows he is not malicious and will do whatever it takes to make the situation right once he realizes his mistake. As a couple, they both can be very condescending and manipulative towards each other, in order to gain the upper hand, and typically don't like to concede to the other that they were wrong, for example when they both repeatedly lied about their whereabouts during a weekend when Audrey's aunt was supposed to visit but fell ill. They, however, often recognize where both were wrong and apologize. Audrey does not make fun of her friends as much as her friends make fun of each other, but she will frequently save her most-biting criticisms for Russell. She often insists that she is a "people person", but her attempts to prove it usually result in embarrassment, such as having a co-worker lodge a sexual harassment complaint against her. Audrey likes to think of herself as kind, cultured and smarter than her friends. She desperately wants to be liked by persons and/or impress them, but her attempts at being charitable and sociable often end in her becoming frustrated, either as a result of her own awkwardness or due to Jeff's manners. She and Jeff had a baby, Shea, via a surrogate, Brenda, after Audrey assumed she could never get pregnant, only to discover in the series finale that she is in fact pregnant with Jeff's child.
Oliver Hudson as Adam Rhodes, a sensitive and well-meaning – but extremely naive – co-worker of Russell and Timmy, and Jennifer's fiancé throughout the series until they are married in the series finale. He is a neighbor of Jeff and Audrey, looks up to Jeff, and often acts on Jeff's relationship advice (which is hardened by years of marriage) to attempt to receive more frequent sexual relations with Jennifer. This usually results in making the situation worse for himself. As an example, he once revealed to Jennifer his strategies for avoiding her bad moods, because he was proud that Jeff considered them to be a good idea. Oftentimes because of his childlike naivete (almost borderline stupidity), people find it hard to explain things to him. He cannot keep secrets and rarely thinks before he speaks. Adam frequently exhibits feminine or flamboyant behavior and characteristics, which make him the target of many barbs from Jeff and Russell regarding his homosexual tendencies. It is to be noted that Adam, initially, was simply a smooth, charming guy who was a bit naive but over the course of the series, noticeably after Season 2, the writers opted to "dumb-down" his character turning him from naive and sweet to borderline moronic and dim-witted.[18]
Bianca Kajlich as Jennifer Morgan, the charismatic live-in fiancée and eventual wife of Adam, who endures his faults because of his good looks and underlying good nature. She is very self-conscious of his naivete, and will often try to spare him from embarrassment. She also has a need for thrills and can easily manipulate Adam into doing whatever she wants, but often feels guilty about it afterward. She was openly promiscuous in her past[19][20][21] and is often referred to by Jeff, Russell and even Adam as being "easy" and always "good to go". Her love for sex means Adam rarely has to "work for it", a fact that Adam enjoys and the guys envy. Jennifer did, however, attempt to fabricate a clichéd love story of how she and Adam met, due to being slightly embarrassed when Adam continually boasts that they slept together on their first date.[22][23][24][25] She and Adam are often naive about their relationship as they typically assume they won't end up bickering like Jeff & Audrey, who often laugh at them for being so clueless & optimistic, and they think will be able to agree on everything. However, despite their best efforts, this often backfires specifically when they tried working together, cutting back on expenses or when they got into a big fight while trying to plan their entire future during a weekend getaway.
David Spade as Russell Dunbar, an acerbic, womanizing single friend of the main characters and boss of Adam and Timmy. Russell is fast-talking, and is an eternal optimist when it comes to women, often ignoring multiple sexual harassment lawsuits leveled against him in the pursuit of sex. He is also an incompetent manager at his father's real estate and development business, Dunbar Industries. If left to his own devices and forced to fend for himself without assistance (e.g., from Timmy) he would completely destroy his office in minutes. He is often mocked because of his height (especially by Jeff), choice of wardrobe, and his penchant for prostitutes and young women with "daddy" issues. He also frequently uses his wealth to lure women and do whatever he wants. In the Season 6 episode "Audrey's Shower", Russell takes a break from women and starts to display many creative talents. It is revealed in a flashback that he was an intelligent child and a musical prodigy, until he saw his piano teacher's cleavage and wound up taking a different path in life. His favorite expression, spoken in a high-pitched voice after incredulous questions about his doing something outrageous, is: "I kinda did". In the series finale, Russell proposes to Timmy and marries him in order to help Timmy avoid deportation.
Adhir Kalyan as Timir "Timmy" Patel (recurring Season 3; regular cast from Seasons 4–7), whom Russell hires as his assistant. He is a mild-mannered man with a quick wit, often matching Russell's jabs in their verbal sparring. Although he is fluent in seven languages and holds an MBA from Oxford University, Timmy is often forced to do menial work or to solve Russell's trivial problems. While many of Russell's schemes disgust him, Timmy will often see them through so that he can enjoy Russell's come-uppance. He plays cricket and is also an avid fan of the Boston Bruins. In the series finale, Timmy's work visa expires and he faces deportation. In an uncharacteristic act of selflessness, Russell sets aside his womanizing ways to marry Timmy so he can stay in the country. This brought criticism, however, due to the fact that it had already been established in Season 5 that Timmy had been a US citizen for over 10 years which he revealed when Russell wanted to throw him a "Citizenship Party". This wasn't the first time there had been an inconsistent discrepancy with Timir's background as he tells his then-girlfriend, Allison, in the episode "Play Ball", that he was an only child yet in the following season, in the episode "The Set-Up", it is revealed that he has a sister, Simran, who is currently living in Chicago.[18][26][27]
Major recurring characters[edit]
Diane Sellers as Doreen, waitress at The Island Diner.
Wendi McLendon-Covey as Liz, an unlikeable, annoying, unattractive neighbor and friend of Audrey's who lives directly upstairs from the Binghams; for a brief story arc in Season 6 she was married to Russell, but they later separated. In Season 7, Episode 7, she admitted to Russell that she is a sex addict and that she cheated on him multiple times (with multiple partners) during their brief marriage.
Sara Rue as Brenda, Jeff’s lesbian softball teammate who agrees to be a surrogate mother for Audrey and Jeff.
Nazneen Contractor as Suneetha, Timmy’s fiancée in an arranged marriage, who becomes an object of Russell’s affections.
Susan Yeagley as Tracy, a man-hungry co-worker of Audrey’s.
Beth Littleford as Laura, another man-hungry co-worker of Audrey’s.
Taryn Southern as Allison, the object of Timmy's affections, which blossoms into an intra-office romance, then ends when she moves away and breaks up with Timmy.
Geoff Pierson as Franklin Dunbar, Russell's wealthy, lecherous father.
Orlando Jones as Brad, Jeff's gay friend from his gym who eventually makes friends with the rest of the gang.
Jaime Pressly as Pam, the Bingham's initial surrogate who they soon soured on due to her sleeping with Russell.
Heather Locklear as Barbara, Audrey's sister who Russell has a crush on.
Joan Collins as Bunny Dunbar, Russell's wealthy, superficial mother.
Episodes[edit]
Main article: List of Rules of Engagement episodes
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
First aired
Last aired
1 7 February 5, 2007 (2007-02-05) March 19, 2007 (2007-03-19)
2 15 September 24, 2007 (2007-09-24) May 19, 2008 (2008-05-19)
3 13 March 2, 2009 (2009-03-02) May 18, 2009 (2009-05-18)
4 13 March 1, 2010 (2010-03-01) May 24, 2010 (2010-05-24)
5 24 September 20, 2010 (2010-09-20) May 19, 2011 (2011-05-19)
6 15 October 20, 2011 (2011-10-20) May 17, 2012 (2012-05-17)
7 13 February 4, 2013 (2013-02-04) May 20, 2013 (2013-05-20)
U.S. ratings[edit]
Season
Time slot (EST)
Number of episodes
Premiere
Finale
TV season
Overall rank
Viewers
(in millions)
Date
Viewers
(in millions)
Date
Viewers
(in millions)
1
Monday 9:30 p.m.
7
February 5, 2007
14.83[28]
March 19, 2007
9.26[29]
2006–07
25th[30]
12.38[31]
2
15
September 24, 2007
12.23[32]
May 19, 2008
12.29[33]
2007–08
33rd[34]
10.89[31]
3
13
March 2, 2009
11.82[35]
May 18, 2009
12.87[36]
2008–09
24th[37]
11.37[31]
4
Monday 8:30 p.m.
13
March 1, 2010
9.73[38]
May 24, 2010
8.23[39]
2009–10
50th[40]
7.91[40]
5
Monday 8:30 p.m.
(2010–11)
Thursday 8:30 p.m.
(2011)
24
September 20, 2010
8.35[41]
May 19, 2011
8.80[42]
2010–11
49th[43]
8.77[44]
6
Thursday 8:30 p.m.
15
October 20, 2011
11.45[45]
May 17, 2012
7.17[46]
2011–12
42nd[47]
10.10[40]
7
Monday 8:30 p.m.
13
February 4, 2013
9.40[48]
May 20, 2013
6.25[49]
2012–13
52nd[50]
7.69[50]
Syndication[edit]
In June 2011, the series was picked up for syndication by local affiliates, The CW Plus, and WGN America, making its debut on September 10, 2012.[51] On Wednesday, January 2, 2013, the series began airing weekdays on TBS at 2/1c. Shortly thereafter, it moved to the early morning hour of 6 A.M. throughout the week. As of May 2016, the series has left the line-up entirely.
In Canada, the series is syndicated on CMT.[52]
Awards and nominations[edit]
Year
Award
Category
Recipient(s)
Result
2007 Primetime Emmy Award Outstanding Cinematography for a Multi-Camera Series Wayne Kennan Nominated
Teen Choice Award Choice TV Actor: Comedy David Spade Nominated
2008 Art Directors Guild Award Excellence in Production Design Bernard Vyzga and Lynn Griffin Nominated
BMI Film and TV Award Best TV Music David Schwartz Won
2009 Evan Frankfort, Bert Selen, and George Ritter Won
Art Directors Guild Award Excellence in Production Design Bernard Vyzga, Joe Pew, and Jerie Kelter Nominated
ASCAP Film and Television Music Award Top Television Series Steve Mazur, Tom Polce, and Derek Schanche Won
2010 Primetime Emmy Award Outstanding Art Direction for a Multi-Camera Series Bernard Vyzga an Jerie Kelter Nominated
2011 Nominated
Outstanding Cinematography for a Multi-Camera Series Wayne Kennan Nominated
2012 BMI Film and TV Award Best TV Music Bert Selen and George Ritter Won
Image Award Outstanding Directing in a Comedy Series Leonard R. Garner, Jr. Won
2013 BMI Film and TV Award Best TV Music Bert Selen and George Ritter Won
DVD releases[edit]
Sony Pictures Home Entertainment owns the rights to release DVDs in Region 1. The fifth season of the series was made available beginning February 7, 2012, exclusively as a made-on-demand release from Sony Pictures Home Entertainment, in conjunction with amazon.com.[53] Similarly, the sixth season received a MOD release from online retailers, on October 2, 2012.[54] The seventh and final season has not yet been released on DVD and it is unknown whether the series will see completion on DVD. However, the entire series is available to purchase and download from amazon.com and the iTunes Store.
Paramount Pictures, in conjunction with CBS Home Entertainment, began releasing the series on DVD internationally in 2011. Season One was released in the UK (Region 2 DVD) on April 4, 2011.[55] In region 4, the entire series has been released, as individual season sets.
DVD name
Release date
Ep #
The Complete First Season September 4, 2007 7
The Complete Second Season October 14, 2008 15
The Complete Third Season September 14, 2010 13
The Complete Fourth Season January 11, 2011 13
The Complete Fifth Season February 7, 2012 26
The Complete Sixth Season October 2, 2012 13
The Complete Seventh Season February 18, 2016 13
DVDs do not have the correct order of episodes......
Note: Following the events of Charlie Sheen’s departure from Two and a Half Men, CBS ordered an additional two episodes for Rules of Engagement’s fifth season, bringing the total number of episodes to 26 from the initial 24 ordered. Despite the episodes, "Scavenger Hunt" and "Cheating," airing during the sixth season, they were originally produced for the fifth season, and are included in the fifth season collection. Therefore, the sixth season’s DVD release features the 13 episodes produced over that time period, versus the 15 that were broadcast by CBS.
International broadcasters[edit]
Country
Network
Series Premiere
Timeslot
Australia Network Ten
Eleven
TV1 February 13, 2008
May 15, 2012
2010 Sunday 7:00 PM
Tuesday 8:00 PM
Wednesdays 7:30 PM
Austria ORF eins
Puls 4 May 21, 2012
December 19, 2012 Monday – Friday, 12:05 PM
Wednesday – Friday, 10:55 AM
Belgium ZES Monday – Friday
Bosnia and Herzegovina RTRS, Comedy Central Extra
Brazil Sony
Bulgaria Fox Life Wednesday 21:00 PM
Canada City February 5, 2007 Thursday 8:30 PM
Croatia Fox Life,
RTL 2.
Comedy Central Extra Monday-Friday 12:00 PM
Cyprus FOX Greece / Sigma TV October 12, 2012 / September 2016 Monday – Friday, 11:00 PM / Monday - Friday 01:00 AM
Denmark 3+ Week days, 06:00 AM
Estonia Fox Life Weekdays, 05:05 PM (replay) and 07.55 AM, 09.30 AM
France M6 April 1, 2011 Monday – Friday 10:15 AM
Germany kabel eins
Fox Channel
Comedy Central November 12, 2009
January 2, 2012
November 12, 2012 between seasons
Monday – Friday, 11:00 PM
Monday – Friday, 11:05 PM
Greece FOX Greece October 12, 2012 Monday – Friday, 11:00 PM
Hungary Viasat3 12 May 2010 Weekdays, 07:25 (replay) and 07.55 PM
India Big CBS Love
Comedy Central Monday – Thursday, 8.00 PM
Monday – Thursday, 11:00 PM
Ireland RTÉ Two Saturdays, 00:30
Israel Xtra HOT
HOT family/yes stars Base 2007
January 4, 2009 Unknown
Sundays, 8:15 PM, 11:45 PM
Italy Comedy Central, Italia 1 June 21, 2009 Saturdays & Sundays, 1:00 PM
Latin America Sony Entertainment Television1 Mondays, 10:30 PM
Latvia SET Weekdays, 05.35 PM (replay) 07.30 PM, 03.00 AM and 06.15 AM
Macedonia Fox Life
Montenegro VIJESTI TV 2012 Monday – Friday
Netherlands Veronica Monday – Friday, 7:30 PM
New Zealand FOUR Sundays, 7:00PM
Norway TV 2 bliss Off,
Pakistan Star World Monday-Friday, 7:30 PM
Peru Sony Entertainment Television Mondays, 12.00 AM
Poland Polsat, Comedy Central Polska January 6, 2008 Fridays, 9:00 PM
Portugal AXN White Mondays, 10:25pm (Mainland and Madeira)/9:25pm (in Azores)
Romania Comedy Central Extra Monday – Friday, 7:40 PM
Russia Sony Entertainment Television 2009 Weekdays
Serbia Fox Life, Comedy Central Extra July 7, 2009 Weekends
Slovenia POP TV 2008 Weekends
South Africa SABC 3 Mondays, 9:40 PM
Spain Paramount Comedy, FDF Thursdays, 11:15 PM
Sweden Kanal 5 Tuesdays, 10:00 PM
Switzerland SF zwei September 9, 2011 Tuesday – Friday, 7:30 PM
Taiwan Star World Weekdays, 07:35 PM
Thailand True Series Tuesdays, 9:00 PM
United Kingdom Comedy Central
E4 Weekdays, 12:30 PM and 3:30 PM (Re-runs)
Tuesdays 9:00 PM (Season 7), Weekdays 4:00 PM – 5:00 PM (Re-runs)
United States CBS (orig. network)
Broadcast syndication (reruns)
WGN America (reruns)
TBS February 5, 2007
September 10, 2012
September 10, 2012
January 2, 2013 Mondays 8:30 PM
Various
Sunday-Friday 12:00 AM and Wednesdays 10:00 PM
Weekdays 6:00 AM, 11:00 AM
1 Rights in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
Polish version[edit]
Main article: Reguły Gry
Polish channel TVN started filming its own version of the show, called Reguły Gry (literally meaning Rules of the Game in Polish). It premiered on 16 February 2012 on TVN sister channel TVN 7 as its first original production.[56][57][58]
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Jump up ^ "2010–11 Season Broadcast Primetime Show Viewership Averages – Ratings | TVbytheNumbers". Tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com. 2011-06-01. Retrieved 2012-05-11.
Jump up ^ "Thursday Final Ratings: World Series + 'Big Bang,' 'Grey's,' 'Vampire Diaries' Adjusted Up; 'Rules,' 'Private Practice' Adjusted Down – Ratings | TVbytheNumbers". Tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com. Retrieved 2012-11-27.
Jump up ^ "Thursday Final Ratings: 'American Idol', 'Grey's Anatomy', '30 Rock' Adjusted Up; 'Touch', 'Scandal' Adjusted Down – Ratings | TVbytheNumbers". Tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com. Retrieved 2012-11-27.
Jump up ^ "Complete List Of 2011-12 Season TV Show Viewership: 'Sunday Night Football' Tops, Followed By 'American Idol,' 'NCIS' & 'Dancing With The Stars'". TVbytheNumbers. 2010-06-16. Retrieved 2012-05-11.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (February 5, 2013). "Monday Final Ratings: 'The Biggest Loser', 'Bones', '2 Broke Girls', & 'Mike & Molly' Adjusted Up; 'Deception' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 5, 2013.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (May 21, 2013). "Monday Final Ratings: 'The Voice' & 'Dancing With the Stars' Adjusted Up; 'The Goodwin Games' & 'Motive' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 21, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Patten, Dominic (May 24, 2013). "Full 2012–2013 TV Season Series Rankings". Dateline. Retrieved 24 May 2013.
Jump up ^ "Sony Clears 'Rules of Engagement' in Nearly Half the Country – 2011-06-17 20:18:08 | Broadcasting & Cable". Broadcastingcable.com. Retrieved 2012-11-27.
Jump up ^ "Rules of Engagement". CMT.ca – Country Music Television Canada. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
Jump up ^ "Rules of Engagement DVD news: Box Art and Date Change for Rules of Engagement – The Complete 5th Season". TVShowsOnDVD.com. 2007-05-25. Retrieved 2012-11-27.
Jump up ^ "Rules of Engagement DVD news: Release Date for Rules of Engagement – The Complete 6th Season". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved 2012-11-27.
Jump up ^ "Rules Of Engagement Season 1 (2011): DVD". hmv.com. Archived from the original on 2012-05-15. Retrieved 2012-11-27. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "Paweł Wilczak i Maciej Zakościelny w polskiej wersji "Sposobu użycia" – Filmweb" (in Polish). Filmweb.pl. Retrieved 2012-11-27.
Jump up ^ DODAJ OGŁOSZENIE Ogłoszenie już od 200zł! (2011-08-24). "TVN wyprodukuje polski sitcom dla TVN 7". Wirtualnemedia.pl. Retrieved 2012-11-27.
Jump up ^ ""Reguły gry": Pierwszy serial TVN7 – Galerie – Film w INTERIA.PL – premiery filmowe, repertuar kin, recenzje filmów (kino, dvd)". Film.interia.pl. Retrieved 2012-11-27.
External links[edit]
Rules of Engagement – Official Site
Rules of Engagement on IMDb
Rules of Engagement at TV.com
Rules of Engagement – bridestelevision.com
THRFeed
Rules of Engagement on Comedy Central UK
[hide]
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Films
Deuce Bigalow: Male Gigolo (1999)
Little Nicky (2000)
The Animal (2001)
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The Master of Disguise (2002)
Eight Crazy Nights (2002)
The Hot Chick (2002)
Anger Management (2003)
Dickie Roberts: Former Child Star (2003)
50 First Dates (2004)
The Longest Yard (2005)
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Grandma's Boy (2006)
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Click (2006)
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You Don't Mess with the Zohan (2008)
Bedtime Stories (2008)
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Just Go with It (2011)
Zookeeper (2011)
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Jack and Jill (2011)
That's My Boy (2012)
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Grown Ups 2 (2013)
Blended (2014)
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Pixels (2015)
Joe Dirt 2: Beautiful Loser (2015)
The Ridiculous 6 (2015)
The Do-Over (2016)
Sandy Wexler (2017)
The Week Of (2018)
Television series
Rules of Engagement (2007–13)
The Gong Show with Dave Attell (2008)
Nick Swardson's Pretend Time (2010–11)
Breaking In (2011–12)
The Goldbergs (2013–present)
Imaginary Mary (2017)
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Adam Sandler
Allen Covert
Jack Giarraputo
Tim Herlihy
Heather Parry
Sony Pictures Entertainment
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text:
Red River of the South
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Red River.
It has been requested that the title of this article be changed to Red River (Mississippi River). Please see the relevant discussion on the discussion page. Do not move the page until the discussion has reached consensus for the change and is closed.
Red River
Red River looking east, north of Bonham, Texas: Texas is to the right, Oklahoma is on the left, and the border between the two states runs along the south (right) bank of the river.
Map of the Red River watershed
Native name
Bah'hatteno[1]
Other name(s)
Rivière Rouge (former French name)
Country
United States
States
Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas and Louisiana
Physical characteristics
Main source
Harmon County, Oklahoma
1,535 ft (468 m)
34°34′35″N 99°57′54″W / 34.57639°N 99.96500°W / 34.57639; -99.96500
River mouth
Atchafalaya River
30 ft (9.1 m)
31°01′10″N 91°44′52″W / 31.01944°N 91.74778°W / 31.01944; -91.74778Coordinates: 31°01′10″N 91°44′52″W / 31.01944°N 91.74778°W / 31.01944; -91.74778
Length
1,360 mi (2,190 km)
Discharge
Location:
mouth; max and min at Alexandria, LA
Minimum rate:
1,472 cu ft/s (41.7 m3/s)
Average rate:
57,000 cu ft/s (1,600 m3/s)
Maximum rate:
233,000 cu ft/s (6,600 m3/s)
Basin features
Basin size
65,595 sq mi (169,890 km2)
The Red River, or sometimes the Red River of the South, is a major river in the southern United States of America.[2] The river was named for the red-bed country of its watershed. It is one of several rivers with that name. Although it was once a tributary of the Mississippi River, the Red River is now a tributary of the Atchafalaya River, a distributary of the Mississippi that flows separately into the Gulf of Mexico. It is connected to the Mississippi River by the Old River Control Structure.
The south bank of the Red River formed part of the US–Mexico border from the Adams–Onís Treaty (in force 1821) until the Texas Annexation and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
The Red River is the second-largest river basin in the southern Great Plains.[3] It rises in two branches in the Texas Panhandle and flows east, where it acts as the border between the states of Texas and Oklahoma. It forms a short border between Texas and Arkansas before entering Arkansas, turning south near Fulton, Arkansas, and flowing into Louisiana, where it flows into the Atchafalaya River. The total length of the river is 1,360 miles (2,190 km), with a mean flow of over 57,000 cubic feet per second (1,600 m3/s) at the mouth.[citation needed]
Contents
[hide]
1 Geography
1.1 Course
1.2 Tributaries
2 Watershed
3 History
3.1 Native Americans
3.2 European-American exploration and settlement
3.3 Great Raft
3.4 Greer County debate
3.5 2015 Louisiana flood
4 Recreation
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Geography[edit]
Course[edit]
The Red River rises near the edge of the northwestern dip slope of the Llano Estacado mesa[4] in two forks in northern Texas and southwestern Oklahoma. The North Fork Red River meets the southern and largest fork near the Texas–Oklahoma border. The southern fork, which is about 120 miles (190 km) long, is generally called the Prairie Dog Town Fork. It is formed in Randall County, Texas, near the county seat of Canyon, by the confluence of intermittent Palo Duro Creek and Tierra Blanca Creek.
State Highway No. 78 Bridge at the Red River between Oklahoma and Texas, photographed on the Oklahoma side
Crossing the Red River at the Texas–Oklahoma border from I-35
The Red River took a new channel near Natchitoches, Louisiana, and left behind Cane River Lake.
The Red River turns and flows southeast through Palo Duro Canyon in Palo Duro Canyon State Park at an elevation of 3,440 feet (1,050 m),[3] then past Newlin, Texas, to meet the Oklahoma state line. Past that point, it is generally considered the main stem of the Red River. Near Elmer, Oklahoma, the North Fork finally joins, and the river proceeds to follow a winding course east through one of the most arid parts of the Great Plains, receiving the Wichita River as it passes the city of Wichita Falls. Near Denison, the river exits the eastern end of Lake Texoma, a reservoir formed by the Denison Dam. The lake is also fed by the Washita River from the north.
Point bars, abandoned meander loops, oxbow lakes in Lafayette and Miller counties, Arkansas
After the river flows out of the southeastern end of the lake, it runs generally east towards Arkansas and receives Muddy Boggy Creek before turning southward near Texarkana.
Soon after, the river crosses south into Louisiana. The sister cities of Shreveport and Bossier City were developed on either bank of the river, as were the downriver cities of Alexandria and Pineville. Where it is joined by the Ouachita River, its largest tributary, the river later broadens into a complex network of marshlands surrounding the Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers. Its waters eventually discharge into the Atchafalaya River[5] and flow eastward or southward into the Gulf of Mexico.
In 1946, the Red River flood spilled over into Pineville because of insufficient levee height and strength. However, the taller and stronger levee held in Alexandria. Willie E. Kees Jr., the newly elected mayor of Pineville, worked to gain support for the Corps of Engineers to increase the height of the levee on the eastern side of the river to equal that in Alexandria.[6]
Tributaries[edit]
Tributaries include the Little Red River, Prairie Dog Town Fork Red River, Salt Fork Red River, North Fork Red River, Pease River, Washita River, Kiamichi River, Little Wichita River, Little River, Sulphur River, Loggy Bayou (through Lake Bistineau and Dorcheat Bayou) as well as the Ouachita River (also known as the Black River at that point) not far (at Acme, Louisiana) from the mouth.
Watershed[edit]
The Red River's watershed covers 65,590 square miles (169,900 km2)[3] and is the southernmost major river system in the Great Plains. Its drainage basin is mostly in the states of Texas and Oklahoma, but also covers parts of Arkansas and Louisiana. Its basin is characterized by flat, fertile agricultural land, with only a few major cities. The drainage basin of the Red River is very arid and receives little precipitation. As a result, much of the river above the Texas–Oklahoma border is intermittent, and until the river is past its great bend south in Arkansas, the flow varies widely. Most of the agriculture in the basin is sustained by groundwater, which is recharged with rainfall and riverflow. The lower course of the river flows through a series of marshes and swamps, where its flow is dramatically moderated.
History[edit]
Native Americans[edit]
Native American cultures along the river were diverse, developing specialized adaptations to the many different environments.[3] By the time of European contact, the eastern Piney Woods were dominated by the numerous historic tribes of the Caddoan Confederacy. They found plentiful game and fish, and also had good land for cultivating staple crops.[3] The middle part of the Red River was dominated by Wichita and Tonkawa. This area was prairie, where Native Americans constructed portable and temporary tepees for housing. They practiced limited farming and followed game in seasonal, nomadic hunting cycles.[3] The Plains division of the Lipan Apache dominated the western Red River area until the 18th century, when they were displaced by invading Comanche from the north.[3]
European-American exploration and settlement[edit]
Crossing the Red River near Granite, Oklahoma, 1921.
In 1806, President Thomas Jefferson commissioned the Red River Expedition to explore parts of the new lands of the Louisiana Purchase by traveling up the Red River. He said it was "in truth, next to the Missouri, the most interesting water of the Mississippi", in a letter to William Dunbar.[7] Having threaded the maze of bayous at the river's confluence, and the "Great Raft" of lodged driftwood, the expedition, was stopped by the Spanish near what is now New Boston, Texas.
In 1806, Lieutenant Zebulon Pike, under orders to ascertain the source of the Red River, ascended the Arkansas River, made his way downstream on what turned out to be the Rio Grande, and was sent home by the Spanish authorities. A more successful exploration of the river's upper reaches to both its sources was the 1852 expedition under Capt. Randolph Barnes Marcy, assisted by Brevet Capt. George B. McClellan.[8] The latter was important as a general in the American Civil War.
In April 1815, Captain Henry Miller Shreve was the first person to bring a steamboat, the Enterprise, up the Red River. Fulton and Livingston, who claimed the exclusive right to navigate Louisiana waters by steamboat, sued Shreve in the District Court of New Orleans. The judge ruled that the monopoly claimed by the plaintiffs was illegal. That decision, along with a similar outcome in Gibbons v. Ogden freed navigation on every river, lake or harbor in the United States from interference by monopolies.[9]
When John Quincy Adams became Secretary of State in 1817, one of his highest priorities was to negotiate the boundaries of the Louisiana Purchase with Spain. He negotiated with the Spanish Minister to the United States, Luis de Onis, and finally concluded Adams–Onis Treaty, also known as the Treaty of 1819. The treaty defined the south bank of the river as the boundary between the United States and Spain. That boundary continued to be recognized when Mexico gained its independence from Spain, then again when Texas became independent from Mexico. It remained so [9] until the United States Congress consented to the Red River Boundary Compact adopted by the states of Oklahoma and Texas, which set the jurisdictional boundary between Texas and Oklahoma at the vegetation line on the south bank, but left title of adjacent property owners at the south bank.
In Louisiana, the area of present-day Natchitoches Parish was settled by French Creole and mixed-race Louisiana Creole people, starting before 1800. The Cane River National Heritage Area marks this area of influence, with plantations and churches founded by Louisiana Creoles. Some of the sites are designated as destinations on the Louisiana African American Heritage Trail, designed in the 21st century. For nearly 100 years after the American Civil War, some of the plantations were the center of a large African American and Creole community life, whose people lived and worked in this area for generations.
The area along the lower Red River of Grant Parish, Louisiana, and neighboring parishes were a mixture of hill country and cotton plantations, with white planters and subsistence farmers, and numerous African American slaves working the plantations in the ante bellum years. It was an area of heated social tensions and insurgency during and after the Reconstruction era. Grant was a new parish created by the Reconstruction legislature, which was trying to increase Republican Party representation. In 1873, Grant Parish was the site of the Colfax massacre, caused by the political tension and violence arising from the disputed 1872 gubernatorial election and efforts by local whites to keep white supremacy. White militias, organized from nearby parishes, killed more than 100 freedmen, some of whom had surrendered as prisoners.
In 1874, such militias organized as the White League in Grant Parish, and other chapters were soon founded across the state. The Coushatta Massacre was attributed to the White League, which attacked Republican officeholders to run them out of office. The paramilitary groups intimidated and terrorized freedmen to keep them from the polls, and by the late 1870s, conservative Democrats had retaken political control of the state.
Great Raft[edit]
Main article: Great Raft
Red River, Texas
In the early 19th century, settlers found that much of the river's length in Louisiana was unnavigable because of a collection of fallen trees that formed a "Great Raft" over 160 miles (260 km) long. Captain Henry Miller Shreve began clearing the log jam in 1839. The log jam was not completely cleared until the 1870s, when dynamite became available. The river was thereafter navigable, but north of Natchitoches it was restricted to small craft. Removal of the raft further connected the Red and Atchafalaya rivers, accelerating the development of the Atchafalaya River channel.[5]
In the 20th century, the interest group known as the Red River Valley Association was formed to lobby the United States Congress to make the river fully navigable between Alexandria and Shreveport, Louisiana. Leading supporters of the longstanding project were Louisiana Democratic senators Allen J. Ellender, J. Bennett Johnston and Russell B. Long, the Fourth District Congressman Joe Waggonner, and the late Shreveport Mayor Calhoun Allen. With the completion of the project, a lock system constructed by the US Army Corps of Engineers allowed navigation of barge traffic as far north as Shreveport.
Greer County debate[edit]
Specialists debate whether the North Fork or the Prairie Dog Town Fork is the true stem.[3] Because of a cartographic error, the land between the north and south forks was claimed by both the state of Texas and the United States federal government. Randolph B. Marcy's expedition followed the Prairie Dog Town Fork in 1852.[3] Originally called Greer County, Texas, the US Supreme Court ruled that it belonged to the United States, which at the time oversaw the Oklahoma Territory. That territory was later incorporated into the state of Oklahoma, whose southern border now follows the south fork. Today, the southern Prairie Dog Town Fork is considered the main fork, though the North Fork is as long and normally has a greater water flow.[3]
2015 Louisiana flood[edit]
In June 2015, the Red River flooded parts of northeast Texas, southwest Arkansas, and Louisiana, from New Boston, Texas, to just south of Alexandria, Louisiana.[10]
Recreation[edit]
Red River LA 2 Bridge,[11] not the Jimmie Davis Bridge, atop the Red River between Bossier and Caddo parishes near Shreveport
Popular pedestrian walkway along the Red River in Alexandria, Louisiana
In 1943, Denison Dam was built on the Red River to form Lake Texoma, a large reservoir of 89,000 acres (360 km2), some 70 miles (110 km) north of Dallas. Other reservoirs on the river's tributaries serve as flood control.
See also[edit]
List of Arkansas rivers
List of longest main-stem rivers in the United States
List of Louisiana rivers
List of Oklahoma rivers
List of Texas rivers
Great Raft
North Fork Red River
Prairie Dog Town Fork Red River
Red River Bridge War
Red River Campaign, 1864, during the American Civil War, 1861–1865
Adams–Onís Treaty
Red River Shootout, the annual college football game between the University of Texas Longhorns and the University of Oklahoma Sooners.
Little Red River (Texas)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Caddo name. Meredith, Howard. "Caddo (Kadohadacho)." Archived 2010-07-19 at the Wayback Machine. Oklahoma Historical Society's Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. Retrieved 9 Sept 2012)
Jump up ^ Tyson, Carl N. The Red River in Southwestern History. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1981. ISBN 0-8061-1659-5
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Benke, Arthur; Colbert Cushing (2005). River of North America. Academic Press. p. 1144. ISBN 9780120882533.
Jump up ^ John Miller Morris, El Llano Estacado: Exploration and Imagination on the High Plains, 2003.
^ Jump up to: a b Piazza, Bryan P (2014). The Atchafalaya River Basin: History and Ecology of an American Wetland. Texas A&M University Press. ISBN 978-1-62349-039-3.
Jump up ^ Frederick Marcel Spletstoser (2005). Talk of the Town: The Rise of Alexandria, Louisiana, and the Daily Town Talk. Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State University Press. pp. 125–126. ISBN 0-8071-2934-8. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
Jump up ^ Jefferson to Dunbar, 25 May 1805, quoted in T. Lindsay Baker, ed., The Texas Red River country: the official surveys of the headwaters, 1876, 1998: "Foreword", v, and in D.L. Flores, "The Ecology of the Red River in 1806: Peter Custis and Early " The Southwestern Historical Quarterly 88,.1, (July 1984).
Jump up ^ R.B. Marcy, Exploration of the Red River of Louisiana: in the year 1852... with Reports on the Natural History of the Country, Washington, 1853.
^ Jump up to: a b Harbour, Emma Estill. "A Brief History of the Red River County since 1803. Chronicles of Oklahoma. Vol. 16. No. 1. March 1938. Retrieved September 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ http://www.msn.com/en-us/weather/topstories/with-homes-underwater-in-louisiana-recovery-teams-head-out/ar-BBkYtRO?ocid=mailsignout
Jump up ^ "Bridgehunter.com | Red River of the South". bridgehunter.com. Retrieved 2017-01-07.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Red River of the South.
Randolph Marcy, Exploration of the Red River, 1852, hosted by the Portal to Texas History
Red River from the Handbook of Texas Online
U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Red River
Oklahoma Digital Maps: Digital Collections of Oklahoma and Indian Territory
Red River Compact Commission.
"U.S. Supreme Court Ruling Leaves Texas High And Dry."
Geology
Red River Valley - Engineering Geology Mapping Program PDF files of publications about and maps of the geology of the Red River Valley
Autin, W. J., and C. E. Pearson, 1993, Quaternary Geology and Geoarchaeology of the Lower Red River Valley: Friends of the Pleistocene South Central Cell 11 th Annual Field Conference Alexandria, Louisiana March 26-28, 1993. Friends of the Pleistocene South Central Cell and Louisiana Geological Survey, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. 183 p.
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text:
Boxing at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Super heavyweight
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Men's super heavyweight boxing
at the Games of the XXVII Olympiad
Venue
Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre
Date
23 September to 1 October
Competitors
16 from 16 nations
Medalists
01 !
Audley Harrison Great Britain
02 !
Mukhtarkhan Dildabekov Kazakhstan
03 !
Paolo Vidoz Italy
03 !
Rustam Saidov Uzbekistan
← 1996
2004 →
Boxing at the
2000 Summer Olympics
Light flyweight
Flyweight
Bantamweight
Featherweight
Lightweight
Light welterweight
Welterweight
Light middleweight
Middleweight
Light heavyweight
Heavyweight
Super heavyweight
v
t
e
The men's super heavyweight boxing competition at the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney was held from 23 September to 1 October at the Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre. Being the heaviest class, super heavyweights were limited to those boxers weighing over 91 kilograms (200.6 pounds).
Contents
[hide]
1 Competition format
2 Competitors
3 Schedule
4 Results
5 References
6 External links
Competition format[edit]
Like all Olympic boxing events, the competition was a straight single-elimination tournament.[1] This event consisted of 16 boxers who have qualified for the competition through various qualifying tournaments held in 1999 and 2000. The competition began with a preliminary round on 23 September, where the number of competitors was reduced to 8, and concluded with the final on 1 October. Both semi-final losers were awarded bronze medals.
All bouts consisted of four rounds of two minutes each, with one-minute breaks between rounds.[1] Punches scored only if the white area on the front of the glove made full contact with the front of the head or torso of the opponent. Five judges scored each bout; three of the judges had to signal a scoring punch within one second for the punch to score. The winner of the bout was the boxer who scored the most valid punches by the end of the bout.
Competitors[edit]
Name
[show]Country
Ahmed Abdel Samad Egypt
Rustam Saidov Uzbekistan
Art Binkowski Canada
Michael Macaque Mauritius
Mukhtarkhan Dildabekov Kazakhstan
Grzegorz Kiełsa Poland
Alexis Rubalcaba Cuba
Cengiz Koc Germany
Constantin Onofrei Romania
Samuel Peter Nigeria
Paolo Vidoz Italy
Calvin Brock United States
Audley Harrison Great Britain
Alexei Lezin Russia
Angus Shelford New Zealand
Aleksey Masikin Ukraine
Schedule[edit]
All times are Australian Time (UTC+10)
Date
Time
Round
Saturday, September 23, 2000 13:00 & 19:30 Round of 16
Wednesday, September 27, 2000 13:00 & 19:30 Quarterfinals
Friday, September 29, 2000 19:30 Semifinals
Sunday, October 1, 2000 13:00 Final Bout
Results[edit]
Round of 16 Quarter-finals Semi-finals Final
Ahmed Abdel Samad (EGY) 8
Rustam Saidov (UZB) 21 Rustam Saidov (UZB) RSC
Art Binkowski (CAN) 21 Art Binkowski (CAN)
Michael Macaque (MRI) 14 Rustam Saidov (UZB) 22
Mukhtarkhan Dildabekov (KAZ) 16 Mukhtarkhan Dildabekov (KAZ) 28
Grzegorz Kiełsa (POL) 5 Mukhtarkhan Dildabekov (KAZ) 25
Alexis Rubalcaba (CUB) KO Alexis Rubalcaba (CUB) 12
Cengiz Koc (GER) Mukhtarkhan Dildabekov (KAZ) 16
Constantin Onofrei (ROM) 14 Audley Harrison (GBR) 30
Samuel Peter (NGR) 17 Samuel Peter (NGR) 3
Paolo Vidoz (ITA) RSC Paolo Vidoz (ITA) 14
Calvin Brock (USA) Paolo Vidoz (ITA) 16
Audley Harrison (GBR) RSC Audley Harrison (GBR) 32
Alexei Lezin (RUS) Audley Harrison (GBR) 19
Angus Shelford (NZL) 5 Aleksey Masikin (UKR) 9
Aleksey Masikin (UKR) 19
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Boxing at the 2000 Sydney Summer Games: Men's Super-Heavyweight". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 29 October 2012.
External links[edit]
Official Olympic Report
Official Results – Boxing
Results on Amateur Boxing Archived 22 June 2006 at the Wayback Machine.
[hide]
v
t
e
Olympic boxing champions – men's super heavyweight
1984 – 2012: over 91 kg
1984: Tyrell Biggs (USA)
1988: Lennox Lewis (CAN)
1992: Roberto Balado (CUB)
1996: Wladimir Klitschko (UKR)
2000: Audley Harrison (GBR)
2004: Aleksandr Povetkin (RUS)
2008: Roberto Cammarelle (ITA)
2012: Anthony Joshua (GBR)
2016: Tony Yoka (FRA)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boxing_at_the_2000_Summer_Olympics_–_Super_heavyweight&oldid=781857882"
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