text:
Keeping up with the Joneses
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For other uses, see Keeping up with the Joneses (disambiguation).
Keeping up with the Joneses is an idiom in many parts of the English-speaking world referring to the comparison to one's neighbor as a benchmark for social class or the accumulation of material goods. To fail to "keep up with the Joneses" is perceived as demonstrating socio-economic or cultural inferiority. The phrase originated in a comic strip of the same name.[1][2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Origins
2 Social effects
3 In popular culture
4 See also
5 References
Origins[edit]
The phrase originates with the comic strip Keeping Up with the Joneses, created by Arthur R. "Pop" Momand in 1913. The strip ran until 1940 in The New York World and various other newspapers. The strip depicts the social climbing McGinis family, who struggle to "keep up" with their neighbors, the Joneses of the title. The Joneses were unseen characters throughout the strip's run, often spoken of but never shown. The idiom keeping up with the Joneses has remained popular long after the strip's end.[1][2][3][4]
Use of the name Jones for neighbors involved in social comparison predates Momand's comic strip. In 1879, English writer E. J. Simmons wrote in Memoirs of a Station Master of the railroad station as a place for social exchange: "The Joneses, who don't associate with the Robinsons, meet there."[1] American humorist Mark Twain made an allusion to Smith and Jones families with regard to social custom in the essay "Corn Pone Opinions," written in 1901 but first published in 1923. "The outside influences are always pouring in upon us, and we are always obeying their orders and accepting their verdicts. The Smiths like the new play; the Joneses go to see it, and they copy the Smith verdict."[5] Starting in 1908, D.W. Griffith directed a series of comedy shorts starring The Biograph Girl, Florence Lawrence, featuring the people next door, The Joneses.
An alternative explanation is that the Joneses of the saying refer to the wealthy family of Edith Wharton's father, the Joneses.[6] The Joneses were a prominent New York family with substantial interests in Chemical Bank as a result of marrying the daughters of the bank's founder, John Mason.[7] The Joneses and other rich New Yorkers began to build country villas in the Hudson Valley around Rhinecliff and Rhinebeck, which had belonged to the Livingstons, another prominent New York family to whom the Joneses were related. The houses became grander and grander. In 1853, Elizabeth Schermerhorn Jones built a 24-room gothic villa called Wyndcliffe described by Henry Winthrop Sargent in 1859 as being very fine in the style of a Scottish castle, but by Edith Wharton, Elizabeth's niece, as a gloomy monstrosity.[8] The villa reportedly spurred more building, including a house by William B. Astor (married to a Jones cousin), a phenomenon described as "keeping up with the Joneses". The phrase is also associated with another of Edith Wharton's aunts, Mary Mason Jones, who built a large mansion at Fifth Avenue and 57th Street, then undeveloped. Wharton portrays her affectionately in The Age of Innocence as Mrs. Manson Mingott, "calmly waiting for fashion to flow north".
A slightly different version is that the phrase refers to the grand lifestyle of the Joneses who by the mid-century were numerous and wealthy, thanks to the Chemical Bank and Mason connection. It was their relation Mrs William Backhouse Astor, Jr who began the "patriarchs balls", the origin of "The Four Hundred", the list of the society elite who were invited. By then the Joneses were being eclipsed by the massive wealth of the Astors, Vanderbilts and others but the four hundred list published in 1892 contained many of the Joneses and their relations—old money still mattered.
Social effects[edit]
The philosophy of "keeping up with the Joneses" has widespread effects on some societies. According to this philosophy, conspicuous consumption occurs when people care about their standard of living in relation to their peers.[9] The term was re-introduced in 1976 when an article about parenting included it[citation needed] and has remained a commercial and cultural watchword ever since.
According to Roger Mason, "the demand for status goods, fueled by conspicuous consumption, has diverted many resources away from investment in the manufacture of more material goods and services in order to satisfy consumer preoccupations with their relative social standing and prestige".[10]
Social status once depended on one's family name; however, the rise of consumerism in the United States gave rise to social mobility. With the increasing availability of goods, people became more inclined to define themselves by what they possessed and the subtle quest for higher status accelerated. Conspicuous consumption and materialism have been an insatiable juggernaut ever since.[11] The desire to increase one's position in the social hierarchy is responsible for much of the social mobility in America. The upward mobility over the past few decades in America is due in part to the large number of women joining the labor force. U.S. women have slowly and steadily increased their participation in the labor force from 46% of all women (age 16+) in 1974 to almost 60% in 2004.[12]
Even in countries where the desire for upward social mobility via consumerism and conspicuous consumption is strong, the poor may not be able to better themselves. Doug Henwood observed that "both the US and British poor were more likely to stay poor for a long period of time: almost half of all people who were poor for one year stayed poor for five or more years, compared with 30% in Canada and 36% in Germany. And, despite claims of great upward mobility in the United States, 45% of the poor rose out of poverty in a given year, compared with 45% in the UK, 53% in Germany, and 56% in Canada. And of those who did exit poverty, 15% of Americans were likely to make a round trip back under the poverty line, compared with 16% in Germany, 10% in the UK, and 7% in Canada".[13] The level of income inequality in a country has an inverse relationship with social mobility according to the authors of The Spirit Level.[14]
Inability to "keep up with the Joneses" might result in dissatisfaction, even for people whose status is high.[15]
One area in which "living above one's means" has caused negative social effects is that of credit card use. In the first quarter of 2002, total credit debt was $660 billion. By 2005, the total credit card debt had increased to $735 billion.[16] America's average credit card debt in 2007 was $8,400 per household. By the end of 2007, consumer debt in America had risen to $2.5 trillion.[17]
In popular culture[edit]
In the 1936 book The Next 100 Years, Clifford C. Furnas writes that the phenomenon of "'Keeping up with the Joneses' ... is descended from the spreading of the peacock's tail."[18]
The phrase is also referenced in the song "Luckenbach, Texas (Back to the Basics of Love)" by Waylon Jennings.
In the UK, when Princess Margaret married the fashionable photographer Anthony Armstrong-Jones in 1960, the media would sometimes mention 'keeping up with the Armstrong-Joneses'.
Ahmad Lewis has a song off his hit record called "The Joneses."
See also[edit]
Affluenza
Anthropological theories of value
Conspicuous consumption
Herd behavior
The Joneses
Keeping Up with the Joneses
Keeping up with the Kardashians
Relative deprivation
Status Anxiety
Symbolic capital
Transformative asset
Veblen good
Diderot Effect
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Safire, William (November 15, 1998). "On Language; Up the Down Ladder". The New York Times. Retrieved June 23, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Markstein, Don (2010). "Keeping Up with the Joneses". www.toonpedia.com. Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Retrieved June 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Stripper's Guide". Retrieved 12 September 2015.
Jump up ^ Robert Hendrickson, The Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins.
Jump up ^ Mark Twain, "Corn Pone Opinions"
Jump up ^ Lee, Hermione (2013). Edith Wharton. Random House. p. 22. ISBN 978-1-84595-201-3.
Jump up ^ de Troubiand Post, Marie Caroline (1913). The descendants of John Jones and John Mason.
Jump up ^ Wharton, Edith (1934). A Backward Glance. D. Appleton-Century Company Incorporated.
Jump up ^ Galí, Jordi (1994). "Keeping up with the Joneses: Consumption Externalities, Portfolio Choice, and Asset Prices". Journal of Money, Credit and Banking. 26 (1): 1–8. JSTOR 2078030.
Jump up ^ Mason, Roger (2000). "Conspicuous Consumption and the Positional Economy: Policy and Prescription since 1970". Managerial and Decision Economics. 21 (3/4): 123–132. doi:10.1002/mde.977.
Jump up ^ "Possessions 2" Archived 2008-03-07 at the Wayback Machine., Notre Dame magazine
Jump up ^ "Redirect Page". Retrieved 12 September 2015.
Jump up ^ Henwood, Doug. After the New Economy, pp. 136-7
Jump up ^ Pickett, Richard Wilkinson, Kate (2009). The spirit level: Why more equal societies almost always do better. London: Allen Lane. ISBN 1-84614-039-0.
Jump up ^ "Money Only Makes You Happy If It Makes You Richer Than Your Neighbors", Science Daily, March 2010
Jump up ^ Joanne Laurier (15 January 2004). "US consumer debt reaches record levels - World Socialist Web Site". Retrieved 12 September 2015.
Jump up ^ "Credit Counseling Statistics". CreditCounselingBiz.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-24.
Jump up ^ Furnas, C. C., The Next 100 Years. Reynal and Hitchcock. Book. 1936
Look up keep up with the Joneses in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
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text:
Laura Haddock
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Laura Haddock
Haddock in 2015.
Born
Laura Jane Haddock
(1985-08-21) 21 August 1985 (age 32)
Enfield, London, England,
United Kingdom
Citizenship
British
Occupation
Actress
Years active
2007–present
Spouse(s)
Sam Claflin (m. 2013)
Children
2
Laura Jane Haddock (born 21 August 1985) is an English actress. She is best known for portraying Kacie Carter in Honest, Lucrezia in Da Vinci's Demons, Meredith Quill in Guardians of the Galaxy and its sequel Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2, Alison in The Inbetweeners Movie and Viviane Wembly in Transformers: The Last Knight.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Personal life
4 Filmography
4.1 Film
4.2 Television
5 Stage
6 Awards and nominations
7 References
8 External links
Early life[edit]
Born in Enfield, London and raised in Harpenden, Hertfordshire (where she attended St George's School),[1] She left school at the age of 17 and moved to London to study drama.[2] She trained at Arts Educational School in Chiswick.[3]
Career[edit]
Haddock made her television debut in the television pilot Plus One, part of the Comedy Showcase 2008.[2] Her other television credits include The Palace, My Family, The Colour of Magic, Marple: A Pocket Full of Rye and Honest, playing the lead role of Kacie Carter. She also appeared in the pilot episode of Life Is Wild, the American version of Wild at Heart.[4] She also starred in adverts for dot tel. Haddock played the lead role of Natasha in the ITV1 comedy drama Monday Monday, and appears in series two and three of How Not to Live Your Life, replacing previous female lead Sinéad Moynihan.[4]
In 2011, she appeared in the Cinemax/Sky TV drama Strike Back: Project Dawn for two episodes playing the kidnapped daughter of an illegal arms dealer. She starred as Lucrezia Donati,[5] the mistress of Lorenzo de' Medici and lover of Leonardo da Vinci in the 2013 series Da Vinci's Demons.[6] Haddock's theatre credits include Famous Last, which formed part of the 2009 Sky Arts Theatre Live! project,[7] and Rutherford & Son at Northern Stage.[8] In 2014, she portrayed Meredith Quill in Guardians of the Galaxy, a role she reprised in its 2017 sequel Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2. She appears in the ITV series, The Level, and played Vivian Wembley in the Michael Bay film Transformers: The Last Knight, which was released on 21 June 2017.
Personal life[edit]
Haddock married actor Sam Claflin in July 2013 after dating for two years.[9] On 5 November 2015, at The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2 London premiere, it was revealed that Claflin and Haddock were expecting their first child.[10] Haddock gave birth to their child, a son Pip, on 10 December 2015.[11] The couple welcomed a daughter in January 2018.[12]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2011 Captain America: The First Avenger Fangirl Credit as Autograph Seeker
2011 The Inbetweeners Movie Alison Nominated – Empire Award for Best Female Newcomer
2012 Storage 24 Nikki
2012 House Cocktail The Beautiful Short film
2014 Guardians of the Galaxy Meredith Quill
2014 A Wonderful Christmas Time Cherie
2015 Superbob June [citation needed]
2017 Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 Meredith Quill
2017 Transformers: The Last Knight Viviane Wembly
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2007 My Family Melanie Episode: "Life Begins at Fifty"
2007 Comedy Showcase Nicky Episode: "Plus One"
2007 The Colour of Magic Bethan Television film
2008 Marple: A Pocket Full of Rye Miss Grosvenor Television film
2008 Honest Kacie Carter
2008 The Palace Lady Arabella Worthesley Wolsey 2 episodes
2009 Monday Monday Natasha
2009–2011 How Not to Live Your Life Samantha
2011 Strike Back: Project Dawn Dr. Clare Somersby 2 episodes
2011 Rage of the Yeti Ashley Television film
2012 Upstairs Downstairs Beryl Ballard
2012 Missing Susan Grantham 2 episodes
2013 Dancing on the Edge Josephine Episode: "Interviewing Louis"
2014 Ripper Street Lady Vera Episode 6: "The Incontrovertible Truth"
2013–2015 Da Vinci's Demons Lucrezia Donati
2015 Luther Megan Cantor 2 episodes
2016 The Musketeers Pauline [13]
2016 The Level Hayley Svrcek
Stage[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2009 Famous Last Treena Orange Tree Theatre[7]
2009 Rutherford and Son Mary Northern Stage
2010 Old Jimmy's Daughter Billy The Great Theatre of Holland
Awards and nominations[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Year
Association
Category
Work
Result
2012 Empire Awards Best Female Newcomer The Inbetweeners Movie Nominated
2014 Detroit Film Critics Society Best Ensemble Guardians of the Galaxy Won
2014 Nevada Film Critics Society Best Ensemble Cast Guardians of the Galaxy Won
2014 Phoenix Film Critics Society Best Ensemble Acting Guardians of the Galaxy Nominated
2015 Central Ohio Film Critics Association Best Ensemble Guardians of the Galaxy Nominated
2016 Critics' Choice Television Awards Best Supporting Actress in a Movie or Miniseries Luther Nominated
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Barham, Alexandra (18 March 2008). "Magical chance for actress". Times Series. Retrieved 28 September 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b Wilde, Jon (7 March 2008). "What a catch: How a girl called Laura Haddock is becoming a very big fish indeed". Daily Mail. Retrieved 13 August 2009.
Jump up ^ "Food: Laura Haddock and Eleanor Wylde". OK!. 29 January 2008. Retrieved 13 August 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b "Monday Monday Press Pack" (PDF). ITV / Talkback Thames. Retrieved 13 August 2009.
Jump up ^ "Da Vinci's Demons – A STARZ Original Series – CasIt". Starz.com. 28 November 2012. Archived from the original on 3 April 2013. Retrieved 27 March 2013.
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Lesley (27 March 2012). "Starz's 'Da Vinci's Demons' Casts British Actress as its Leading Lady". The Hollywood Reporter. In 2014 Haddock starred in the movie A Wonderful Christmas Time}
^ Jump up to: a b Sky Arts – Sky Arts Theatre Live! – The Plays Archived 8 July 2009 at the Wayback Machine.. Retrieved 13 August 2009.
Jump up ^ Blagden, Jane (5 August 2009). "North East Premiere for Rutherford & Son". What's on Stage. Retrieved 13 August 2009.
Jump up ^ "Sam Claflin: "I'm very gentlemanly"". Yahoo. 30 May 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2013.
Jump up ^ Becky Freeth (5 November 2015). "The Hunger Games' Sam Claflin reveals he's expecting his first child as he coos over pregnant wife Laura Haddock at Mockingjay – Part 2 premiere". Daily Mail. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "Sam Claflin and Laura Haddock Welcome First Child, a son named Pip". People. 20 January 2016. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
Jump up ^ Juneau, Jen and Leon, Anya (February 7, 2018). "Sam Claflin and Laura Baddock Welcome Second Child". People.com. Retrieved March 7, 2018. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ "'The Musketeers' Series 3 Episode 1 Release Date, Set Photos; New Cast, Characters Joining in 2016". International Business Times. Retrieved 18 April 2016.
External links[edit]
Laura Haddock on IMDb
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Laura Haddock.
Authority control
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VIAF: 294019721
LCCN: no2012159404
GND: 1058113496
SUDOC: 184305136
MusicBrainz: 75e55a05-4879-455e-9cdc-5d05dfdb4ad1
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laura_Haddock&oldid=830525233"
Categories:
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Human trafficking in South Africa
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Human trafficking in South Africa refers to the practice of forced labour and commercial sexual exploitation, using the country as a designated source and destination for importing and exporting trafficked men, women, and children.[1] South African girls are trafficked within their country for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and domestic servitude, while boys are trafficked internally for use in street vending, food service, and agriculture.[2] Anecdotal evidence suggests that South African children are forced to provide unpaid labour for landowners in return for their family occupying land or accommodation, or maintaining labour tenancy rights.[3]
Child sex tourism is prevalent in a number of South African cities.[4] Women and girls from other African countries are trafficked to South Africa for commercial sexual exploitation, domestic servitude, and other jobs in the service sector; occasionally, these women are trafficked onward to Europe for sexual exploitation. Thai, Chinese, and European women are trafficked to South Africa for debt-bonded commercial sexual exploitation. Young men and boys from Mozambique, Zimbabwe, and Malawi are trafficked to South Africa for farm work, often working for months in South Africa without pay before "employers" have them arrested and deported as illegal immigrants. Organized criminal groups—including Nigerian, Chinese, and Eastern European syndicates, local gangs and individual policemen facilitate trafficking into and within South Africa, particularly for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation.[5] U.S. State Department's Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons placed the country in "Tier 2" in 2017.[6]
Contents
[hide]
1 Government and law
2 Prosecutions
3 Protection
4 Prevention
5 References
6 Further reading
Government and law[edit]
The Government of South Africa does not fully comply with the minimum standards[which?] for the elimination of trafficking; making no significant efforts to do so. In 2008, South Africa was placed on the US Department of State's Tier 2 list for a fourth consecutive year for its failure to show increasing efforts to address trafficking. The government provided inadequate data on investigations or prosecutions of trafficking crimes or on resulting convictions or sentences. In addition, it did not provide information on its efforts to protect victims of trafficking and continued to deport and prosecute suspected foreign victims without providing appropriate protective services.[5]
The South African government did not provide information on anti-trafficking investigations that resulted in the punishment of any traffickers in 2007. For the majority of the reporting period, South Africa did not have laws that specifically prohibited trafficking in persons, though a variety of other criminal statutes, such as the Prevention of Organized Crime Act, were used to prosecute trafficking crimes. Law enforcement authorities could also use existing laws prohibiting involuntary servitude, child labour, and forced labour to prosecute labour trafficking cases, but do not appear to have done so. The lack of specific anti-trafficking statutes and explicit penalties for trafficking crimes continued to hamper South African law enforcement efforts in 2007, as many working-level police, labour, and social welfare officials possessed little understanding of the crime or did not view it as part of their responsibilities. However, in December 2007, several sections of the Sexual Offenses Amendment Act came into force, including Chapter 7 Part 6 which contains broad provisions against sex trafficking, but makes no provision for victim protection. Implementing regulations for the Children's Act of 2005 remained unfinished, preventing use of the law's provisions on child trafficking. The comment period on a draft for a comprehensive human trafficking bill closed in June 2007 and the South African Law Reform Commission (SALRC) staff finalized the text for recommendation to the Department of Justice in early 2008.
Prosecutions[edit]
Although the government initiated a number of significant investigations during the reporting period, it made little progress in prosecuting or convicting suspected traffickers. As some parents give consent for the initial travel, the Cape Town magistrate's court in December 2007 dismissed charges against a man accused of trafficking boys to the city for street vending and detaining them against their will without pay. In March 2008, the SAPS (South African Police Service) arrested 27 prostituted Chinese women, as well as the 7 men accused of transporting them to South Africa and selling them into the sex trade; a police spokesman indicated that the women entered the country illegally and would be deported.
The status of the Department of Labour's investigations, if any, into cases involving child labour trafficking is unknown; also unknown are any prosecutions of child labour trafficking. In early 2007, Labour Department officials conducted a week of surprise visits to homes employing adult domestic workers to inspect working conditions; the results of these inspections are unknown. The government did not provide information on the status of pending cases reported in 2006. The South African Police Service has a Human Trafficking Desk within its Organized Crime Unit; the government did not provide information related to actions or investigations taken by the Desk during the reporting period. The government did not document or track anti-trafficking law enforcement efforts or provide specialized anti-trafficking training to law enforcement, prosecutors, or judicial personnel. During 2007, there was little cross-border cooperation on human trafficking between the government and its neighbors. Some local law enforcement officials are believed to be connected with organized criminal elements that engage in human trafficking.[5]
Protection[edit]
Government protection for trafficking victims during the reporting period remained inadequate, and formal protocols to identify and care for trafficking victims were lacking. Police referred an unknown number of internal child trafficking victims to local NGO-run shelters during the reporting period. As part of its ongoing program to assist organizations that shelter vulnerable populations, the government granted funding to some facilities that provided housing for trafficking victims, though not in a consistent or timely fashion. In 2007, the Department of Home Affairs referred one foreign child victim of trafficking to IOM[expand acronym] for assistance. The Department of Social Development (DSD) provided the victim with shelter accommodation, schooling, and basic needs. However, DSD did not refer any children to IOM for assistance during the reporting period. It is unknown whether law enforcement or social service officials referred foreign victims directly to other organizations in 2007.
Organizations working to help trafficked children continued to lament South Africa's shortage of social workers, a situation resulting in inadequate case monitoring and follow-up, and failure in some cases to accompany children to court. The government actively encouraged victims' assistance in the investigation and prosecution of their traffickers; South Africa's witness protection program safeguarded at least ten Thai trafficking victims during the year to enable their involvement. The government provided these witnesses shelter and modest food stipends. Despite this positive development, the government continued to arrest and, at times, prosecute suspected trafficking victims for unlawful acts committed as a direct result of their being trafficked, as noted in the aforementioned case of the 27 Chinese women. In addition, extensive delays in scheduling court appearances have resulted in some alleged victims choosing not to testify during the trial of their traffickers. However, the new Sexual Offenses Act states that sex trafficking victims are not liable to stand trial for any criminal offense, including any migration-related offense, which was committed as a direct result of being trafficked. No similar provision exists for victims of labour trafficking. The lack of national coordination and procedures for victim protection continued to lead to deportation of most foreign victims before they were provided protective services or were able to give evidence in court. Immigration officials did not attempt to identify trafficking victims among the thousands of undocumented foreigners they detained—notably Zimbabweans and Mozambicans—before deporting them.[5]
Prevention[edit]
The government demonstrated minimal progress in combating human trafficking through prevention efforts. It conducted no anti-trafficking information or education campaigns during the reporting period. The Sexual Offenses and Community Affairs Unit of the National Prosecuting Authority (NPA/SOCA) serves as the de facto lead of the government's anti-trafficking effort and chairs the Trafficking in Persons Inter-sectoral Task Team made up of government departments, IOM, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, and a local NGO. The Task Team produced no significant outcomes in 2007. In January 2008, NPA/SOCA established an internal Human Trafficking Unit consisting of a national trafficking coordinator and a program manager. This Unit is tasked with reviving the Inter-sectoral Task Team and undertaking data gathering and public awareness raising activities, as outlined in the government's 2006 anti-trafficking plan of action. NPA/SOCA launched a website in December 2007 outlining its proposed strategy for responding to human trafficking. The website also provides the public with information on the nature of human trafficking and instructions for reporting a case or obtaining victim assistance.
The government made no progress in investigating the cross-border trafficking of Mozambican, Malawian, and Zimbabwean children for agricultural labour. In January 2008, however, the government signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Zimbabwean government to conduct a joint project to regularize the status of illegal Zimbabwean migrant farm workers in South Africa's Limpopo Province and ensure them proper employment conditions. The government did not undertake efforts to reduce domestic demand for commercial sex acts or to combat child sex tourism during the reporting period. All South African troops destined for peacekeeping missions abroad are provided training on sexual exploitation issues prior to their deployment.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "South Africa". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 2017-03-26.
Jump up ^ "Human Trafficking in Africa". Human Trafficking in Africa. Retrieved 2017-03-26.
Jump up ^ "Spotlight on human trafficking as SA cops swoop on syndicate". www.ecpatinternational.com. Retrieved 2017-03-26.
Jump up ^ "Are 30,000 children really 'trafficked' in South Africa every year? The claim exaggerates the problem | Africa Check". Africa Check. Retrieved 2017-03-26.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "South Africa". Trafficking in Persons Report 2008. U.S. Department of State (4 June 2008).
Jump up ^ "Trafficking in Persons Report 2017: Tier Placements". www.state.gov. Retrieved 2017-12-01.
Further reading[edit]
"Human trafficking in South Africa: an elusive statistical nightmare". The Conversation Trust. 16 January 2015.
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A Country Wedding
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
A Country Wedding
Written by
Nancey Silvers
Directed by
Anne Wheeler
Starring
Jesse Metcalfe
Autumn Reeser
Lauren Holly
Music by
Terry Frewer
Country of origin
United States
Canada
Original language(s)
English
Production
Executive producer(s)
Michael Ogiens
Nancey Silvers
Producer(s)
Harvey Kahn
Cinematography
Adam Sliwinski
Editor(s)
Richard Schwadel
Running time
90 minutes
Production company(s)
Country Road Productions
Distributor
Hallmark Channel
Release
Original network
Hallmark Channel
Original release
June 27, 2015 (2015-06-27)
A Country Wedding is a 2015 American-Canadian made-for-television romantic drama film directed by Anne Wheeler and starring Jesse Metcalfe, Autumn Reeser, and Lauren Holly. It premiered on Hallmark Channel on June 27, 2015.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 References
4 External links
Plot[edit]
A few weeks before his very glamorous wedding to a famous actress, a country music singer returns to his native Texas to sell his family’s old house. There, he meets his childhood sweetheart, Sarah, a cowgirl who owns a small ranch. With her, he rediscovers the joy of the simple things in life that he had forgotten.
Cast[edit]
Jesse Metcalfe as Bradley Suttons
Autumn Reeser as Sarah Standor
Laura Mennell as Catherine
Lauren Holly as Margaret
Aaron Craven as Adam
Hrothgar Mathews as James
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Original Trailer
External links[edit]
A Country Wedding on IMDb
This article about a 2010s romantic drama film is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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Jonathan Cheban
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Jonathan Cheban
Born
c. 1974 (age 42–43)
Education
Fort Lee High School
Alma mater
Hofstra University
Occupation
Reality-TV star
entrpreneur
Television
Keeping Up with the Kardashians
The Spin Crowd
Jonathan Cheban (born c. 1974)[1] is a reality-television star and entrepreneur. He is noted for his recurring role on the show Keeping Up with the Kardashians and its spinoffs.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
3 In the media
4 Other ventures
5 Personal life
6 References
7 External links
Early life[edit]
Cheban, the only child of a real-estate agent mother and a diamond-dealer father[2] who died in 2011,[1] grew up in Fort Lee, New Jersey and attended Fort Lee High School before he graduated from Hofstra University with a communications degree in 1995.[2]
Career[edit]
After graduation, Cheban began working for publicist Peggy Siegal at her firm in New York.[2] At one point, music manager Benny Medina called Siegal to work on Sean Combs' 29th birthday party. When Siegal rejected the offer despite Cheban's urging, Cheban accepted the job himself. Cheban left Siegal and formed his own PR firm with two other publicists. However, he split with his partners in 2001[2] and founded his own public relations firm, CommandPR.[citation needed]
In the media[edit]
Cheban (left) with Kim and Kourtney Kardashian in 2010
Cheban first gained public attention with his appearance on the reality show Keeping Up with the Kardashians, appearing as a friend of the Kardashian sisters.[3] He subsequently appeared in several episodes of the show's spin-offs, Kourtney and Kim Take New York, Kourtney and Kim Take Miami and Kourtney and Khloé Take The Hamptons.
In 2010, Cheban starred in his own reality show, The Spin Crowd, chronicling the lives of Cheban, Simon Huck and their employees at his firm. Cheban's vision for the show was to provide viewers with a glimpse into how the media-saturated world around them is shaped, stating, "I've seen shows about funeral homes, bounty hunters, hospitals, cops and fishermen, and they've all been given the opportunity to give insight on their jobs and the reality of their careers. Why not tell the story of what people care most about—the magazines, websites and press they surround themselves with every day?"[3]The series was executive produced by Kim Kardashian. It was canceled after one season due to poor ratings.[4]
Cheban's relationship with Kim Kardashian has remained in the public spotlight. In 2012, Cheban made a short video spoofing himself as someone living in the shadow of Kardashian's fame.[5]
Other ventures[edit]
In 2008, Cheban launched his own clothing line, Kritik.[6] Cheban also has designed jewelry for RichRocks.[7] In late 2012, Cheban opened Sushi MiKasa, a restaurant in Miami.[8] On November 24, 2013, Cheban also co-hosted Coca-Cola Red Carpet Live!, a pre-show to the 2013 American Music Awards.[9] In January 2014, Cheban launched a new product called Glam Screen, which is both a protective cover for a smart phone, as well as an HD mirror.[10]
In 2014, Cheban launched TheDishh, an entertainment and lifestyle website that features what Cheban and his team consider to be the highest quality foods, gadgets and entertainment.[11]
In February 2015, Cheban opened the fast food restaurant Burger Bandit in Lynbrook, New York, on Long Island.[12]
In January 2016, Cheban entered the Celebrity Big Brother house in the UK, to compete as a housemate on its 17th season. He voluntarily left the show within days.[13]
In 2017, Cheban appeared on the second season of UK's "Celebs Go Dating".[citation needed]
Personal life[edit]
In late 2012, Cheban began dating stylist Anat Popovsky after meeting her while filming Kourtney and Kim Take Miami.[14][15] However, Cheban signed on as a single man on the second episode of the seventh season of Millionaire Matchmaker, which aired on December 12, 2013 on Bravo.[16]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Lee, Esther (December 19, 2013). "Jonathan Cheban, Kim Kardashian's Friend, on Millionaire Matchmaker". Us Weekly. Retrieved February 1, 2014. ...the reality star, 39.... [M]y dad passed away two years ago.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Hancock, Noelle (January 18, 2013). "The Art of the Schmooze". New York Observer. Archived from the original on December 2, 2011. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Murphy, Lauren M. "Jonathan Cheban: PR King". Los Angeles Confidential. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Spin Crowd, The (E!)". TheFutonCritic.com. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Jonathan Cheban: I'm Kim Kardashian's BEST Friend!". Funny or Die. July 19, 2012. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Jonathan Cheban Launches Kritik Clothing |". Fashionwashere.net. April 11, 2008. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Jonathan Cheban Teams Up With RichRocks To Launch His First Jewelry Collection!". Hollywood Life. June 13, 2011. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Jonathan Cheban to Open Sushi MiKasa at Shelborne - Fall Tracking - Eater Miami". Miami.eater.com. November 6, 2012. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Presenters Announced for the "2013 American Music Awards" Airing Live Sunday, November 24th At 8 PM ET/PT on ABC" (Press release). Dick Clark Productions. November 21, 2013. Archived from the original on February 22, 2017. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Meet Glam Screen, the smartphone cover that doubles as a mirror". Yahoo. January 23, 2014. Retrieved January 31, 2014.
Jump up ^ Horgan, Richard. "Jonathan Cheban Builds Out The Dishh". Media Bistro. Retrieved 3 December 2014.
Jump up ^ Marcus, ERIC (February 23, 2015). "Burger Bandit opens in Lynbrook". Newsday. New York City / Long Island. Archived from the original on February 22, 2017. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Jonathan Cheban Leaves U.K. Celebrity Big Brother, Citing Concerns for His 'Mental Stability'". People. January 11, 2016. Archived from the original on February 22, 2017. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Jonathan Cheban Date Night — Reality Star Spotted Out With Girlfriend". Hollywood Life. June 18, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Jonathan Cheban and Girlfriend Anat Popovsky's European Getaway Brought Them Even Closer Together". E! News UK. September 9, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ Johnson, Zach (November 18, 2013). "Jonathan Cheban Looks for Love on Bravo's Millionaire Matchmaker". E! Online. Retrieved June 15, 2014.
External links[edit]
Founder of website
[show]
v
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Keeping Up with the Kardashians
Episodes
season 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Cast
Main
Kris Jenner
Caitlyn Jenner
Kourtney Kardashian
Kim Kardashian
Khloé Kardashian
Rob Kardashian
Kendall Jenner
Kylie Jenner
Brody Jenner
Brandon Jenner
Supporting
Adrienne Bailon
Reggie Bush
Jonathan Cheban
Scott Disick
Malika Haqq
Kris Humphries
Leah Jenner
French Montana
Lamar Odom
Tyga
Kanye West
Blac Chyna
Spin-offs
Kourtney and Kim Take Miami
Kourtney and Kim Take New York
Khloé & Lamar
Kourtney and Khloé Take The Hamptons
Bromance
Dash Dolls
I Am Cait
Rob & Chyna
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Life of Kylie
Related
The Princes of Malibu
Kris
Sex with Brody
Kocktails with Khloé
The Spin Crowd
Kingin' with Tyga
Hollywood Divas
Category
[[Category:People from Fort Lee, New Jersey]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_Cheban&oldid=806735307"
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text:
List of National Football League career receptions leaders
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The 1,000 Catch Club is a group of 14 National Football League players with at least 1,000 career receptions. The list consists of 12 wide receivers and 2 tight ends.[1]
Players with at least 1,000 receptions[edit]
Key
^ Inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame
* Denotes player who is still active in the NFL
Through end of 2017 season.
Rank
Player
Team(s)
Receptions
1 Jerry Rice^ San Francisco 49ers
Oakland Raiders
Seattle Seahawks
1,549
2 Tony Gonzalez Kansas City Chiefs
Atlanta Falcons
1,325
3 Fitzgerald, LarryLarry Fitzgerald* Arizona Cardinals 1,234
4 Witten, JasonJason Witten* Dallas Cowboys 1,152
5 Marvin Harrison^ Indianapolis Colts 1,102
6 Cris Carter^
Minnesota Vikings
Miami Dolphins
1,101
7 Tim Brown^ Los Angeles / Oakland Raiders
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
1,094
8 Terrell Owens San Francisco 49ers
Philadelphia Eagles
Dallas Cowboys
Buffalo Bills
Cincinnati Bengals
1,078
9 Anquan Boldin Arizona Cardinals
Baltimore Ravens
San Francisco 49ers
Detroit Lions
1,076
10 Reggie Wayne Indianapolis Colts 1,070
11 Andre Johnson Houston Texans
Indianapolis Colts
Tennessee Titans
1,062
12 Steve Smith Sr. Carolina Panthers
Baltimore Ravens
1,031
13 Isaac Bruce Los Angeles/St. Louis Rams
San Francisco 49ers
1,024
14 Hines Ward Pittsburgh Steelers 1,000
References[edit]
Jump up ^ NFL Career Receptions Leaders - Pro-Football-Reference.com
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General
Super Bowl records
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Career
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Annual
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Annual
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_National_Football_League_career_receptions_leaders&oldid=820453046"
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