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Elizabeth Berkley
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For those of a similar name, see Elizabeth Berkeley (disambiguation).
Elizabeth Berkley
Berkley in 2008
Born
(1972-07-28) July 28, 1972 (age 45)[a]
Farmington Hills, Michigan, U.S.
Other names
Elizabeth Berkley Lauren
Occupation
Actress
Years active
1986–present
Spouse(s)
Greg Lauren (m. 2003)
Children
1
Awards
NBR Award for Best Cast
1996 The First Wives Club
Elizabeth Berkley Lauren (born July 28, 1972)[a][1] is an American actress and reality show personality. Berkley's most notable roles were as Jessie Spano in the television series Saved by the Bell, and as Nomi Malone in the 1995 Paul Verhoeven film Showgirls.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
2.1 Ask-Elizabeth
3 Personal life
4 Filmography
4.1 Film
4.2 Television
5 Notes
6 References
7 External links
Early life[edit]
Berkley was born and raised in Farmington Hills, a community located among Detroit's northern suburbs in the affluent Oakland County, Michigan. She is the daughter of Jere, a gift basket business owner, and Fred Berkley, a lawyer.[2] She has a older brother, Jason. [3] Berkley's family is Jewish. She was raised in the Conservative tradition of Judaism, and at age 12 became Bat Mitzvahed.[4][5] Berkley was born with heterochromia, the condition of differently colored irises; her right eye is half green and half brown, and her left eye is all green. She also has a mole on her forehead which she covers with camouflage makeup, citing it was a bother to her growing up, after name calling.[6] She graduated in 1990 from North Farmington High School in Farmington Hills after previously having attended the Cranbrook Kingswood School, a private school in Bloomfield Hills.
From a young age she danced, and she practiced in a room that her parents arranged for her in the basement of their house. She auditioned for the lead role in the film Annie, but was turned down. As her love for dancing increased, she became more interested in pursuing it professionally, traveling to New York to train with other dancers and choreographers.[7] She began to take part in several ballets, including Swan Lake and in 1983 she appeared in some musicals.[8]
Career[edit]
Berkley was a teenage model for Elite before pursuing an acting career.[9] She made her television film debut in 1987 with a role in the television film Frog and following this, made a number of guest appearances on several television shows. In 1989, at the age of fifteen, she auditioned for the role of Kelly Kapowski in Saved by the Bell, but the producers of the show could not decide whether to cast her or Tiffani-Amber Thiessen. In the end, they created for Berkley the character Jessie Spano, a role she played from 1989 to 1993, as well as in both of the show's television film installments.
After leaving Saved by the Bell to try to break into film, Berkley auditioned for (and won) the role of Nomi Malone, a character in the controversial 1995 Paul Verhoeven film Showgirls. The sex- and nudity-laden film was given a controversial NC-17 rating in the United States (the first big budget film that was deliberately intended to receive this rating), was a box office bomb,[10][11][12] and was widely panned by critics. Berkley was dropped by her agent; due to the negative fallout from the film other agents refused to take her telephone calls.[13] Over the years, however, Showgirls has achieved cult status among film fans and ranks 36 on Entertainment Weekly's list of the Top 50 Cult Movies. It is also one of top 20 highest-grossing films of all time for MGM.[14]
Berkley was cast in the title role in the anime film Armitage III: Poly Matrix, which also starred Kiefer Sutherland, and accepted a small role in The First Wives Club, a comedy starring Diane Keaton, Goldie Hawn, and Bette Midler. She then played a Madonna body double named Tina in the independent film The Real Blonde. She has performed in supporting roles in independent films such as The Taxman, Tail Lights Fade, Roger Dodger, and Moving Malcolm. She also had a small role as a call girl hired by Al Pacino's character in Oliver Stone's sports drama Any Given Sunday, as well as a key supporting role in Woody Allen's The Curse of the Jade Scorpion.
Berkley appeared on stage opposite Eddie Izzard for her role as Honey in the London stage version of Lenny in 1999. She went on to make her Broadway debut in the comedy Sly Fox, opposite Richard Dreyfuss in February 2004, three months after her marriage to artist Greg Lauren. She replaced Catherine Keener as Bonnie in the 2005 Off Broadway production of David Rabe's Hurlyburly, appearing alongside Ethan Hawke, Parker Posey and Bobby Cannavale.
Berkley received much praise for her role in Hurlyburly, with Charles Isherwood of The New York Times even going as far as apologizing to her for his past criticisms of her ability, stating that the fact she held "her own among this skilled company of scene-stealers is a testament to how much her talent has grown".[15] In 2006 stage she appeared at the sixth annual 24 Hour Plays alongside Jennifer Aniston, Rosie Perez, and Lili Taylor, in which six writers, six directors, 24 actors, and production crews have 24 hours to write, direct, and perform six 10-minute plays.[16]
Berkley has been seen in many dramatic television roles, guest starring on series such as CSI: Miami, NYPD Blue, Without a Trace, Threshold, and Law & Order: Criminal Intent. She had a recurring role in the successful and critically acclaimed sitcom Titus, in which she played the title character's sister, Shannon. She also starred in the Lifetime television film Student Seduction, in which she played Christie Dawson, a high school teacher wrongfully accused of sexual harassment by one of her students who becomes obsessed with her.[17] This was followed by another made-for-television film in 2007, entitled Black Widow in which she played a woman suspected of killing her husbands for their money. The film Meet Market, which she starred in along with Julian McMahon, Krista Allen, and Aisha Tyler, was released straight to DVD in 2008.
In 2008, Berkley signed on to star in a multi-episode arc of CSI: Miami, in which she plays Horatio Caine's (David Caruso) ex-lover, Julia Winston, who is also the mother of his recently discovered son.[18] The episodes which Berkley appeared in were very highly rated and all of them featured in the top 10 Nielsen ratings chart.[19] She has since appeared in the show's season six finale.[20]
Berkley hosted Bravo's reality series, Step It Up and Dance, a competition featuring the exploits of 10 wannabe dancers who compete against each other to win a cash prize of $100,000 as well as the opportunity to work with and perform for some of the country's top choreographers.[21] The show premiered in April 2008 on Bravo and was cancelled after the first season. The show came out as the network's strongest ever in its time slot (10/11c) with 826,000 viewers.[22] The show continued to perform well throughout its run, averaging 756,000 viewers each week – of whom 522,000 were aged 18 to 49 – and helped contribute to Bravo's highest-rated April ever.[23] According to Berkley hosting the show is a very fulfilling job. She was quoted as saying that she gets "invested in the dancers" because she has befriended many of them offstage.[24]
During the press tour for Step It Up and Dance, Berkley appeared on various shows including various morning news programs, ABC's Jimmy Kimmel Live!, Fuse TV's The Sauce, E!'s Chelsea Lately, CNBC's The Big Idea with Donny Deutsch, and ABC's The View. While on The View, she spoke of her admiration for co-host Whoopi Goldberg, calling her "an extraordinary being". Her appearance on the show was unique in that she brought the ladies of the show tap shoes and taught them a short dance routine.[citation needed] Berkley starred alongside Thomas Jane in the David Arquette directed short film The Butler's in Love which premiered at Mann's Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles in June 2008.
In 2009, Berkley starred in a multi-episode arc of the Showtime series The L Word, during its sixth and final season. She played Kelly Wentworth, a straight girl who got away from Jennifer Beals' character Bette Porter in college. Berkley and Beals are best friends in real life, having previously worked on the 2002 independent film Roger Dodger.[25] Berkley continued with television work, reprising her role as Julia Winston in CSI: Miami, appearing in three more episodes, including the season seven finale. In the sequel to the cult hit Donnie Darko, S. Darko, she played Trudy, a former drug addict turned born again Christian who becomes infatuated with her pastor. She also appeared as Tracy in the 2009 comedy Women in Trouble.
During Berkley's guest appearance on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon in June 2009, her Saved by the Bell co-star Mark-Paul Gosselaar – as Zack Morris[26] – expressed his desire to take part in Jimmy Fallon's "class reunion" of the show's original cast members and revealed that Berkley has also agreed to take part in the reunion.[27] Dennis Haskins, Lark Voorhies, Mario Lopez, Elizabeth Berkley and Mark-Paul Gosselaar agreed to a reunion.[28][29] Gosselaar reprised his role as Zack Morris on Late Night on June 8, 2009, while promoting his then current TNT drama, Raising the Bar. The spoof interview closed with a performance of "Friends Forever" originally by Zack Attack, where Zack played guitar and sang with backing from Fallon's house band, the Roots. Tiffani Thiessen posted a parody video to the online website Funny or Die, where she said she was just too busy to join in a reunion.[30]
In 2011, Berkley played the lead female role in the Hallmark Channel original movie Lucky Christmas, about a woman who wins the lottery only to have to recover the ticket from the glove compartment of her stolen car. The film premiered on Hallmark Film Channel on November 12, 2011.[31]
In September 2013, Berkley was announced as one of the contestants on the 17th season of Dancing with the Stars. She partnered with Valentin Chmerkovskiy.[32] They were eliminated on the 9th week of competition and landed in 6th place despite receiving high judge scores. Several perfect scores were earned & awarded by expert panel judges. Ultimately however, the public vote eliminated her team based upon popularity metrics used by the show.
In 2014, the TV movie The Unauthorized Saved by the Bell Story aired, with actress Tiera Skovbye portraying Berkley. On February 4, 2015, Berkley reunited with Mark-Paul Gosselaar, Mario Lopez, Dennis Haskins and Tiffani Thiessen on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon where they appeared in a Saved by the Bell sketch with Fallon.[33][34][35]
Ask-Elizabeth[edit]
In 2006, Berkley set up a self-help program online for teen girls called Ask-Elizabeth.[36] The website was created when husband Greg Lauren commented on the number of girls who came to her asking for advice and joked that she should have her own column. She regularly meets with young girls to discuss different issues and topics and to help them with any problems that they are going through and speaks of her own troubles in the past.
Ask-Elizabeth was also the working title of a reality series focusing on the program's success and its continued efforts to help girls throughout the country.[37] The show, produced by MTV,[38] featured Berkley traveling around the United States looking at the issues and topics most important to teenage girls. Amy Bailey, vice president of development in MTV's News & Documentaries division, said Berkley approached MTV with the idea. "She does these workshops around the country with teen girls and gets them to really open up about self-esteem and body issues," said Bailey. "We had been looking for a program that tackled the same issues, so it seemed like a perfect match."[39] The status of the show itself is unknown as it was originally expected to premiere in late 2008, but production has since been pushed back indefinitely.
In 2011, Berkley published Ask-Elizabeth, a self-help book for teenage girls which drew from the workshops she conducted for the Ask-Elizabeth program.[40]
Personal life[edit]
Berkley in an advertisement for PETA
Berkley is an animal rights activist and in 1997, donned a $600 form-fitting gown made entirely of collard greens for the "Lettuce Be Lean" campaign, sponsored by PETA to try to encourage people to embrace vegetarianism.[41] In 2008 & 2009, she was among a number of celebrities included in an online poll by PETA to select the "Sexiest Vegetarian of the Year".[42]
In 2000, Berkley was tangentially involved in a $45 million lawsuit when actor and screenwriter Roger Wilson filed suit against Leonardo DiCaprio, claiming that DiCaprio had encouraged his friends to assault Wilson in a street fight, related to invitations to socialize directed at Berkley.[43]
On November 1, 2003, Berkley married artist and occasional actor Greg Lauren at the Esperanza Hotel in Cabo San Lucas. Berkley formally changed her name to Elizabeth Berkley Lauren; however, she still uses her maiden name professionally.[44] On March 5, 2012, Berkley announced she was expecting her first child in the summer.[45] She gave birth to son Sky Cole on July 20, 2012.[46]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1987 Frog Kathy Television film
1988 Platinum Blonde Short film
1992 Saved by the Bell: Hawaiian Style Jessie Spano Television film
1993 Molly & Gina Kimberly Sweeny
1994 Round Up Tiffany Unreleased
1994 Bandit: Bandit Goes Country Beth Television film
1994 Saved by the Bell: Wedding in Las Vegas Jessie Spano Television film
1995 White Wolves II: Legend of the Wild Crystal
1995 Showgirls Nomi Malone Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Actress
Golden Raspberry Award for Worst New Star
Nominated—Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Actress of the Century
Nominated—Golden Raspberry Award for Worst New Star of the Decade
1996 Armitage III: Poly-Matrix Naomi Armitage (voice) Anime film
1996 First Wives Club, TheThe First Wives Club Phoebe LaVelle National Board of Review Award for Best Cast
1997 Real Blonde, TheThe Real Blonde Tina
1998 Random Encounter Alicia 'Allie' Brayman
1999 Taxman Nadia Rubakov
1999 Africa Barbara Craig
1999 Last Call Helena
1999 Tail Lights Fade Eve
1999 Any Given Sunday Mandy Murphy
2000 Becoming Dick Maggie Television film
2001 Curse of the Jade Scorpion, TheThe Curse of the Jade Scorpion Jill
2001 Elevator, TheThe Elevator Celeste Television film
2001 Shipment, TheThe Shipment Candy Colucci
2002 Cover Story Samantha Noble
2002 Roger Dodger Andrea
2003 Detonator Jane Dreyer
2003 Moving Malcolm Liz Woodward
2003 Control Factor Karen Bishop Television film
2003 Student Seduction Christie Dawson Television film
2008 Meet Market Linda
2008 Butler's in Love, TheThe Butler's in Love Angelique Short film
2008 Black Widow Olivia Whitfield / Grace Miller Television film
2009 Women in Trouble Tracy
2009 S. Darko Trudy
2011 Lucky Christmas Holly Ceroni Television film
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1986 Gimme a Break! Girl No. 1 Episode: "Getting to Know You"
1986 Silver Spoons Melissa Episode: "Rick Moves Out"
1988 Day by Day Lisabeth Episode: "Girl Wars"
1989–1993 Saved by the Bell Jessica 'Jessie' Myrtle Spano 75 episodes
Nominated—Young Artist Award for Best Young Actress in a Primetime Series
Nominated—Young Artist Award for Outstanding Young Ensemble
1990 Hogan Family, TheThe Hogan Family Ashley Episode: "California Dreamin': Parts 1 & 2"
1990 Married People Isabel Episode: "Once More with Passion"
1990 Life Goes On Selena Episode: "La Dolce Becca"
1992 Raven Deborah Episode: "The Death of Sheila"
1992 Step by Step Lisa Morgan Episode: "J.T.'s World"
1992 Baywatch Courtney Bremmer 2 episodes
1993 Crossroads Jen Episode: "Paradise Found"
1994 Diagnosis: Murder Shannon Thatcher Episode: "Flashdance with Death"
1994 Burke's Law Heather Charles Episode: "Who Killed the Beauty Queen?"
1997 Perversions of Science Ruth Episode: "Planely Possible"
1999 Brother's Keeper Amy Episode: "You Are Me"
2000 Jack & Jill Gabi Episode: "Under Pressure"
2000 NYPD Blue Nicole Graf 2 episodes
2001–2002 Titus Shannon 3 episodes
2002 Twilight Zone, TheThe Twilight Zone Marisa Sanborn Episode: "Sanctuary"
2003 CSI: Crime Scene Investigation Renée, Foam Dancer Episode: "Lady Heather's Box"
2004 Without a Trace Post-Makeover Lynette Shaw Episode: "American Goddess"
2005 Threshold Christine Polchek Episode: "Progeny"
2006 Law & Order: Criminal Intent Danielle Quinn Episode: "Dollhouse"
2008–2009 CSI: Miami Julia Winston 9 episodes
2009 L Word, TheThe L Word Kelly Wentworth 4 episodes
2013 Dancing with the Stars Herself 14 episodes
2014 Melissa & Joey Dr. Kathryn Miller Episode: "Couples Therapy"
2015 Dinner at Tiffani's Herself "Girl's Night In"
2015 The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon Jessie Spano 1 episode
2016 New Girl Becky Cavatappi Episode: "The Apartment"
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Her birth year is disputed with different sources showing different dates and some sources indicating birth year inconsistent with the attributed age.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Elizabeth Berkley". Biography.com.
Jump up ^ "Elizabeth Berkley Biography (1972–)". Filmreference.com. Retrieved 2010-05-21.
Jump up ^ https://m.imdb.com/name/nm0000924/trivia?ref_=m_nm_dyk_trv
Jump up ^ http://www.jewishjournal.com/arts/article/catch_a_rising_star_20010824/
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-03-28. Retrieved 2012-11-25.
Jump up ^ Brack, Renee (8 January 2014). "Eye spy: The world's sexiest mutation". The New Daily.
Jump up ^ "Elizabeth Berkley – SIUAD – Get To Know [Part 1]". YouTube. 2008-04-22. Retrieved 2010-05-21.
Jump up ^ Elizabeth Berkley. "Elizabeth Berkley". AskMen.com. Retrieved 2010-05-21.
Jump up ^ "Elizabeth Berkley – Profile, Latest News and Related Articles". Eonline.com. Archived from the original on 2008-12-07. Retrieved 2010-05-21.
Jump up ^ Kristen Coppock (2008-04-17). "'Step It Up & Dance turns spotlight on unknowns". Burlington County Times. Retrieved 2009-10-18. Actress Elizabeth Berkley, who danced in the racy box office bomb “Showgirls,” hosts the show. [permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ Karl Heitmueller (2009-10-09). "Rewind: The Road To Fame Is Paved With Bad Movies". MTV. Retrieved 2009-10-18. Savaged by critics, a dud at the box office, "Glitter" (like "Showgirls" and "Can't Stop the Music") makes you wonder if those responsible didn't know from the green light that they were making the kind of stink bomb that can only find success as an unintended cult experience.
Jump up ^ Missy Schwartz (2004-04-09). "The Scarlet Letters". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2009-10-18. ...NC-17 came to be seen as box office poison, thanks to bombs like the campily erotic Showgirls.
Jump up ^ PUIG, CLAUDIA (11 October 1995). "The Showgirl's Net: Bad Reviews, Agent Woes, $100,000 : Movies: Elizabeth Berkley is catching the heat, but director Paul Verhoeven accepts some of the blame" – via LA Times.
Jump up ^ Showgirls, MGM.com : Official website of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc.
Jump up ^ Isherwood, Charles. "The Redemption of Elizabeth Berkley". The New York Times, June 19, 2005. Accessed 13 May 2009.
Jump up ^ Robertson, Campbell. "Arts, Briefly; Jennifer Aniston In Broadway's '24 Hours'". The New York Times, September 22, 2006. Accessed 13 May 2009.
Jump up ^ "Student Seduction". Archived from the original on 2007-11-30.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (2007-11-26). "Berkley signs for role on "CSI: Miami"". Reuters.
Jump up ^ "Nielsen TV Ratings Top CBS Shows, March 24–30, 2008; including CSI:Miami, Two and A Half Men and 60 Minutes". Tvbythenumbers.com. 2008-04-01. Retrieved 2010-05-21.
Jump up ^ "Chelsea Lately Plays Game With Elizabeth Berkley". Youtube. Retrieved 2010-05-21.
Jump up ^ BRAVOtv.com : Step it Up and Dance : About Archived 2008-05-09 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Bravo Nets Applause For 'Supermodel,' 'Dance' – 4/4/2008 4:18:00 PM – Multichannel News". Multichannel.com. Retrieved 2010-05-21.
Jump up ^ "Breaking News – BRAVO MARKS HIGHEST RATED APRIL EVER AND IS FASTEST GROWING CABLER 18–49". TheFutonCritic.com. 2008-04-29. Retrieved 2010-05-21.
Jump up ^ "Elizabeth Berkley Talks "Step Up and Dance"". Gossip Girls. 2008-04-10. Retrieved 2009-04-30.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (2008-07-22). "Exclusive: Elizabeth Berkley Utters 'The L Word' | the L Word | Ausiello Files | EW.com". Ausiellofiles.ew.com. Archived from the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2010-05-21.
Jump up ^ Mandi Bierly (Jun 9, 2009). "Mark-Paul Gosselaar does Fallon interview as Zack Morris, commits to reunion". PopWatch.com.
Jump up ^ "Gosselaar shows up on fallon in zack morris clothes". USA Today. 2010-04-30. Archived from the original on June 12, 2009. Retrieved 2010-05-01.
Jump up ^ Friedman, Jon (March 28, 2009). "Sign the Saved By the Bell Petition". Late Night with Jimmy Fallon.com. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
Jump up ^ Harrington, Amy (June 5, 2009). "'Saved By The Bell' Cast: Then & Now". GetBack.com. Retrieved 2009-06-01.
Jump up ^ "Tiffani Thiessen is Busy". Funny or Die.com. July 29, 2009. Retrieved 2009-07-29.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-11-14. Retrieved 2011-11-13.
Jump up ^ ""Dancing with the Stars": Leah Remini, Valerie Harper, Snooki among new cast". CBS News. 2013-09-04. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
Jump up ^ "Watch a Glorious Saved by the Bell Reunion Courtesy of Jimmy Fallon". Time (magazine). Retrieved 20 February 2015.
Jump up ^ "Jimmy Fallon assembled the cast of 'Saved by The Bell' for an epic reunion". Business Insider. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
Jump up ^ "Jimmy Fallon reunites most of the 'Saved by the Bell' cast". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
Jump up ^ http://www.ask-elizabeth.com/[permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "Berkley Develops Teen Self-help Show". IMDb.
Jump up ^ "Elizabeth Berkley has answers for MTV". Reuters. 2008-07-25.
Jump up ^ "Elizabeth Berkley Developing Show for MTV". 25 July 2008.
Jump up ^ "Elizabeth Berkley's 'Ask Elizabeth' Book Tells Girls They're 'Not Alone'". MTV.com. 2011-03-22. Retrieved 2013-09-16.
Jump up ^ Poster Archived 2008-05-30 at the Wayback Machine. at Peta web site
Jump up ^ "peta2 // Out There // Who's the World's Sexiest Vegetarian 2008?". Peta2.com. Retrieved 2010-05-21.
Jump up ^ "Did Leo DiCaprio lead his posse to war?". News.findlaw.com. Retrieved 2010-05-21.
Jump up ^ "Elizabeth Berkley and Greg Lauren Wedding". Lovetripper.com. 2003-11-01. Retrieved 2010-05-21.
Jump up ^ "Elizabeth Berkley Expecting First Child". People. 2012-03-05. Retrieved 2012-03-05.
Jump up ^ "Elizabeth Berkley and Greg Lauren Welcome Son Sky Cole". . Celebritybabies.people.com. July 30, 2012
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Elizabeth Berkley
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Elizabeth Berkley.
Official website
Elizabeth Berkley on IMDb
Elizabeth Berkley at AllMovie
Elizabeth Berkley at the Internet Broadway Database
Awards and achievements
Preceded by
Stephen Baldwin, Gabriel Burnett, Benicio del Toro, Kevin Pollak, Kevin Spacey, Chazz Palminteri, Pete Postlethwaite, Suzy Amis, Giancarlo Esposito
for The Usual Suspects National Board of Review Award for Best Acting by an Ensemble
Shared with Bette Midler, Goldie Hawn, Diane Keaton, Maggie Smith, Dan Hedaya, Sarah Jessica Parker, Stockard Channing, Victor Garber, Stephen Collins, Marcia Gay Harden, Bronson Pinchot, Jennifer Dundas, Eileen Heckart, Philip Bosco, Rob Reiner, James Naughton, Ari Greenberg, Aida Linares
for The First Wives Club
1996 Succeeded by
Ian Holm, Caerthan Banks, Sarah Polley, Tom McCamus, Gabrielle Rose, Alberta Watson, Maury Chaykin, Stephanie Morgenstern
for The Sweet Hereafter
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 61747527
LCCN: no97016352
ISNI: 0000 0000 8141 2859
GND: 142264156
SUDOC: 083747664
BNF: cb14039548w (data)
SNAC: w6np36f2
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Berkley&oldid=834493516"
Categories:
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Participants in American reality television series
People from Farmington Hills, Michigan
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Date and time notation in the United States
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Date and time notation in the United States differs from that used in other English-speaking countries; in particular, the date notation is not used commonly by any other country in the world. Traditionally, dates are written in the "month-day-year" order ("April 4, 2018") with a comma before and after the year if it is not at the end of a sentence,[1] and time in 12-hour notation ("11:00 p.m."). The internationally more common notations are used in some professional environments, such as in the military.
Contents
[hide]
1 Date
2 Time
2.1 24-hour usage
2.2 Characteristics
3 Date-time group
4 See also
5 References
Date[edit]
In the United States, dates are traditionally written in the "month-day-year" order, with neither increasing nor decreasing order of significance. This order is used in both the traditional all-numeric date (e.g., "1/21/18" or "01/21/2018") as well as in the expanded form (e.g., "January 21, 2016"—usually spoken with the year as a cardinal number and the day as an ordinal number, e.g., "January twenty-first, two thousand sixteen"), with the historical rationale that the year was often of lesser importance. The most commonly used separator in the all-numeric form is the slash (/), although the hyphen (-) and period (.) have also emerged in the all-numeric format recently due to globalization.
The day-month-year order has been increasing in usage since the early 1980s. The month is usually written as an abbreviated name, as in "19-Jul-1922". Many genealogical databases and the Modern Language Association citation style use this format. When filling in the Form I-94 cards and new customs declaration cards used for people entering the U.S., passengers are requested to write pertinent dates in the numeric "dd mm yy" format (e.g. "19 07 22"). Visas and passports issued by the U.S. State Department also use this format.
The fully written "day-month-year" (e.g., 25 August 2006) in written American English is becoming more common outside of the media industry and legal documents, particularly in university publications and in some internationally influenced publications as a means of dealing with ambiguity. However, most Americans (in most informal documents) would still write "August 25, 2006". Speaking the "day month year" format is still somewhat rare, with the exception of holidays such as the Fourth of July.
The year-month-day order, such as the ISO 8601 "YYYY-MM-DD" notation is popular in computer applications because it reduces the amount of code needed to resolve and compute dates. It is also commonly used in software cases where there are many separately dated items, such as documents or media, because sorting alphabetically will automatically result in the content being listed chronologically. Switching the U.S.'s traditional date format from month-day-year to year-month-day may be considered less of a break, since it preserves the familiar month-day order.
Two U.S. standards mandate the use of year-month-day formats: ANSI INCITS 30-1997 (R2008); and NIST FIPS PUB 4-2 (FIPS PUB 4-2 withdrawn in United States 2008-09-02[2]), the earliest of which is traceable back to 1968. This order is also used within the Federal Aviation Administration and military because of the need to eliminate ambiguity.
The United States military normally uses the "dd mmm yyyy" format for correspondence. The common month-day-year format is used when corresponding with civilians.[3][4] The military date notation is similar to the date notation in British English but is read cardinally (e.g. "Nineteen July") rather than ordinally (e.g. "The nineteenth of July").
Weeks are generally referred to by the date of some day within that week (e.g., "the week of May 25"), rather than by a week number. Holidays are an exception; such days are typically identified by a week number, relative to the day of the week on which the holiday is fixed, either from the beginning of the month (first, second, etc.) or end (last, and far more rarely penultimate and antepenultimate). For example, Thanksgiving is defined as being on "the fourth Thursday in November." Some such definitions are more complex. For example, election day is defined as "the Tuesday next after the first Monday in the month of November" or "the first Tuesday after November 1".[5] Calendars mostly show Sunday as the first day of the week.
Time[edit]
See also: Time in the United States
The U.S. differs from other countries in that it uses 12-hour notation almost exclusively, not only in spoken language, but also in writing, even on timetables, for airline tickets, and computer software. The suffixes "a.m." and "p.m." (often represented as AM and PM) are appended universally in written language. Alternatively, people might specify "noon" or "midnight", after or instead of 12:00. (Business events, which are increasingly scheduled using groupware calendar applications, are less vulnerable to such ambiguity, since the software itself can be modified to take care of the naming conventions.) Where the a.m.–p.m. convention is inconvenient typographically (e.g., in dense tables), different fonts or colors are sometimes used instead. The most common usage in transport timetables for air, rail, bus, etc. is to use lightface for a.m. times and boldface for p.m. times.
24-hour usage[edit]
The 24-hour notation is rarely used so far in the U.S. in common conversation.
It is best known for its use by the military, and therefore commonly called "military time". In U.S. military use, 24-hour time is traditionally written without a colon (1800 instead of 18:00) and in spoken language in the Army, but not the Navy, is followed by the word "hours" (e.g., "eighteen hundred hours").
The 24-hour notation is also widely used by astronomers and other communities such as public safety (police, fire, rescue), who would pronounce 18:35 "Eighteen Thirty Five", for example in two-way communications.
It is also used in hospitals, various forms of transportation, and at radio and other broadcast media outlets behind the scenes where scheduling programming needs to be exact, without mistaking AM and PM. In these cases, exact and unambiguous communication of time is critical. If someone mistakes 5:00 AM for 5:00 PM in a hospital for example, when medication or other medical treatment is needed at a certain time, the outcome could be critical. Thus 24-hour time (5:00 PM written as 17:00) is used.
Characteristics[edit]
Some style guides and most people suggest not to use a leading zero with a single-digit hour; for example, "3:52 p.m." is preferred over "03:52 p.m.". (The leading zero is more commonly used with the 24-hour notation; especially in computer applications because it can help to maintain column alignment in tables and correct sorting order, and also because it helps to highlight the 24-hour character of the given time.)
Times of day ending in :00 minutes may be pronounced as the numbered hour followed by o'clock (e.g., 10:00 ten o'clock, 2:00 two o'clock, 4:00 four o'clock, etc.). This may be followed by the a.m. or p.m. designator, or might not be, if obvious. O'clock itself may be omitted, leaving a time such as four a.m. or four p.m. Instead of "a.m." and "p.m.," times can also be described as "in the morning", "in the afternoon," "in the evening," or "at night."
The minutes (other than :00) may be pronounced in a variety of ways:
Minutes :01 through :09 are usually pronounced as oh one through oh nine. :10 through :59 are their usual number-words. For example, "9:45 a.m." is usually pronounced "nine forty-five" or sometimes "nine forty-five a.m."
Times of day from :01 to :29 minutes past the hour are commonly pronounced with the words "after" or "past", for example 10:17 being "seventeen after ten" or "seventeen past ten". :15 minutes is very commonly called "quarter after" or "quarter past" and :30 minutes universally "half past", e.g., 4:30, "half past four". Times of day from :31 to :59 are, by contrast, given subtractively with the words "to", "of", "until", or "till": 12:55 would be pronounced as "five to one" or "five of one". :45 minutes is pronounced as "quarter to", "quarter of", "quarter until", or "quarter till".
For example, "9:45 a.m." is often pronounced "fifteen till ten" or "quarter to ten", or sometimes "quarter to ten in the morning" (but rarely "quarter to ten a.m.").
However, it is always acceptable to pronounce the time using number words and the aforementioned "oh" convention, for example, 12:55 "twelve fifty-five", 12:09 "twelve oh-nine", 12:30 "twelve thirty", and 12:15 "twelve fifteen".
Date-time group[edit]
The Department of State and the Department of Defense timestamp their reports and messages with text date-time groups formatted as DDHHMM(X) MMMYY, where DD represents the 2-digit day of the month, HHMM is 24-hour time, X is an alphabetic character that indicates the time zone (ideally this should be Z for "Zulu time" in UTC to avoid misunderstandings about the time and day, but L for "local time" may also be used), MMM is the abbreviated month, and YY is the last two digits of the year. For example, 091630(Z) JUL 11 represents 16:30 UTC on 9 July 2011.[6] The DDHHMMZ format is also used worldwide in aviation meteorology for timestamps in METAR and TAF weather reports (month and year are omitted altogether due to very limited validity of these reports).
See also[edit]
Time portal
United States portal
Date format by country
References[edit]
Jump up ^ http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/16/ch09/ch09_sec032.html
Jump up ^ [dead link] [1]. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Jump up ^ Staff (n.d.). "Making Sense of Military Dates". armystudyguide.com (QuinStreet, Inc.). Retrieved August 10, 2013.
Jump up ^ Staff (March 2010). "SECNAV M-5216.5 Department of the Navy – Correspondence Manual" (PDF). U.S. Secretary of the Navy. Retrieved August 10, 2013.
Jump up ^ Statutes at Large, 28th Congress, 2nd Session, p. 721.
Jump up ^ Staff (April 2007). "FM 6-99.2 (FM 101-5-2) – U.S. Army Report and Message Formats" (PDF). United States Army. Retrieved July 6, 2016.
[show]
v
t
e
Date and time notation in the Americas
North America
South America
Sovereign states
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Bolivia
Brazil
Canada
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Grenada
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Dependencies and
other territories
Anguilla
Aruba
Bermuda
Bonaire
British Virgin Islands
Cayman Islands
Curaçao
Falkland Islands
French Guiana
Greenland
Guadeloupe
Martinique
Montserrat
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthélemy
Saint Martin
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Saba
Sint Eustatius
Sint Maarten
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
Turks and Caicos Islands
US Virgin Islands
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Date_and_time_notation_in_the_United_States&oldid=837430985"
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