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Dennis Quaid
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Dennis Quaid
Quaid in 2012
Born
Dennis William Quaid
(1954-04-09) April 9, 1954 (age 64)
Houston, Texas, U.S.
Alma mater
University of Houston
Occupation
Actor, producer, director, singer
Years active
1975–present
Spouse(s)
P. J. Soles (m. 1978; div. 1983)
Meg Ryan (m. 1991; div. 2001)
Kimberly Buffington (m. 2004)
Children
3, including Jack Quaid
Relatives
Randy Quaid (brother)
Dennis William Quaid (born April 9, 1954)[1] is an American actor known for a wide variety of dramatic and comedic roles. First gaining widespread attention in the 1980s, his career rebounded in the late 1990s after he overcame an addiction to drugs and an eating disorder. Some of his notable credits include Breaking Away (1979), The Right Stuff (1983), Wyatt Earp (1994), The Parent Trap (1998), Frequency (2000), The Rookie (2002), The Day After Tomorrow (2004), Vantage Point (2008), Footloose (2011), and Soul Surfer (2011). For his role in Far from Heaven (2002) he won the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actor among other accolades.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Personal life
3.1 Relationships and children
3.2 Interests
3.3 Substance use
4 Charities
5 Accolades
6 Filmography
6.1 Film
6.2 Television
7 Awards and nominations
8 References
9 Further reading
10 External links
Early life[edit]
Dennis William Quaid was born in Houston, Texas, the son of Juanita B. "Nita" Quaid, a real estate agent, and William Rudy Quaid, an electrician.[1] Quaid has English, Irish, Scots-Irish, and Cajun (French) ancestry,[2] He attended Paul W. Horn Elementary School in Bellaire, and Pershing Middle School in Houston. He studied Mandarin and dance at Bellaire High School in Bellaire, Texas, and later in college, at the University of Houston, under drama coach Cecil Pickett, who had previously taught at Bellaire High and whose daughter is actress Cindy Pickett. and was raised in the Baptist faith.[3][4] He is the younger brother of actor Randy Quaid.
Career[edit]
Quaid dropped out of the University of Houston before graduating and moved to Hollywood to pursue an acting career.[2] He initially had trouble finding work but began to gain notice when he appeared in Breaking Away (1979) and earned good reviews for his role as astronaut Gordon Cooper in The Right Stuff (1983).[2]
Known for his grin,[5] Quaid has appeared in both comedic and dramatic roles.[2] Quaid had starring roles in the films Jaws 3-D (1983), Enemy Mine (1985), Innerspace (1987) and The Big Easy (1987). He also achieved acclaim for his portrayal of Jerry Lee Lewis in Great Balls of Fire! (1989).[2] In 1989, he also appeared throughout the Bonnie Raitt music video for the song "Thing Called Love."[6]
Quaid's career lost steam in the early 1990s, after he fought anorexia nervosa brought on when he lost 40 pounds to play the tuberculosis-afflicted Doc Holliday in Wyatt Earp[7] and kicked a cocaine addiction as well.[2] He continued to garner positive reviews in a variety of films, however.[2] Quaid was also the guest star of a season 2 episode of Muppets Tonight (1997). He starred in the lead role in the 1996 adventure film Dragonheart, the remake of The Parent Trap (1998), playing the part of the twins' father, and as an aging pro football quarterback in Oliver Stone's Any Given Sunday (1999). Some of Quaid's more recent film credits include Frequency (2000), The Rookie (2002), Far from Heaven (2002), Cold Creek Manor (2003), The Flight of the Phoenix (2004), The Alamo (2004), In Good Company (2004), The Day After Tomorrow (2004), Yours, Mine and Ours (2005), Vantage Point (2008), G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra (2009), and Pandorum (2009).
In 2009, Quaid guest starred in an episode of SpongeBob SquarePants, playing Mr. Krabs' grandfather, Captain Redbeard.
He portrayed U.S. President Bill Clinton, alongside Michael Sheen as Tony Blair and Hope Davis as Hillary Clinton, in the 2010 film The Special Relationship.
In 2012 and 2013, Quaid played Sheriff Ralph Lamb in the CBS TV drama series Vegas.
In 2017, he starred in A Dog's Purpose as Ethan, billed as "a celebration of the special connection between humans and their dogs".[8]
In 2018, Quaid starred in I Can Only Imagine, where he played Arthur Millard, the father of singer and songwriter Bart Millard.
Personal life[edit]
Relationships and children[edit]
Quaid has been married three times and has three children.
Quaid and his first wife, actress P. J. Soles, were married on November 25, 1978. The couple divorced in 1983.[1]
Quaid playing golf in 2006
On February 14, 1991, Quaid married actress Meg Ryan. Quaid and Ryan fell in love during the shooting of their second film together, D.O.A.[9] Quaid and Ryan have a son, Jack Henry (born April 24, 1992).[10] They announced their separation on June 28, 2000, saying they had been separated six weeks by then.[9] Their divorce was finalized July 16, 2001.[1] Ryan later revealed to InStyle Quaid had been unfaithful to her for a long time while they were married.[11]
Quaid dated model Shanna Moakler in 2001. They were together when she was approached by Playboy, and they discussed it before she posed nude in the magazine.[12] The relationship lasted for eight months.[13]
Quaid married Texas real-estate agent Kimberly Buffington, on July 4, 2004, at his ranch in Paradise Valley, Montana.[14] They have fraternal twins, Thomas Boone and Zoe Grace, born via a surrogate on November 8, 2007, in Santa Monica, California.[15][16]
On November 18, 2007, hospital staff mistakenly gave Quaid's ten-day-old twins a dosage of heparin 1,000 times the common dosage for infants.[17][18] Their attorney said the newborns will "be fine now," but Quaid filed a lawsuit against the drug manufacturer, Baxter Healthcare, claiming that packaging for the two doses of heparin are not different enough.[19] In May 2008, the Quaids testified before the United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, asking U.S. Congress not to preempt the right to sue drug manufacturers for negligence under state law.[20] This incident led Quaid to become a patient-safety advocate, producing a series of documentaries on preventable medical errors that aired on the Discovery Channel[21][22] as well as co-authoring a medical journal article addressing the positive influence of patient stories in motivating change in healthcare.[23] The first documentary, Chasing Zero: Winning the War on Healthcare Harm, aired on the Discovery Channel in 2010,[21][22] and the second documentary, Surfing the Healthcare Tsunami: Bring Your Best Board, aired on the Discovery Channel in 2012.[24][25][26][27]
Buffington filed for divorce from Quaid in March 2012. According to the divorce petition, the marriage had become "insupportable because of discord or conflict of personalities."[28] Buffington's attorney then withdrew the divorce papers on April 26, 2012.[29] In the summer of 2012, Quaid and Buffington moved to California.[30] In October 2012, Quaid and Buffington again decided to separate, and Buffington filed for legal separation, seeking joint legal and sole physical custody of the twins.[31] After waiting to establish the required six months of residency in California, Quaid filed for divorce on November 30, 2012, asking for joint legal and physical custody of the children and offering to pay spousal support to Buffington.[30] They then reconciled and the divorce was dismissed by September 2013.[32] On June 28, 2016, the couple announced in a joint statement that they were divorcing, with Kimberly Quaid asking for full physical custody and joint legal custody.[33]
Interests[edit]
In addition to acting, Quaid is a musician and plays with his band, the Sharks. He wrote and performed the song "Closer to You" in the film The Big Easy (1987). Quaid also had a pilot's license and owned a Cessna Citation.[34] He is also a one-handicap golfer, and in 2005, he was named as the top golfer among the "Hollywood set" by Golf Digest magazine.
Quaid is a fan of the AL's Houston Astros, and after the team's 2005 National League Championship-winning season, he narrated their commemorative DVD release. After the filming of The Express: The Ernie Davis Story, Quaid went to Cleveland Browns Stadium to dedicate Davis's jersey.
Substance use[edit]
There have been extensive stories about Quaid's past abuse of cocaine. In a candid 2002 interview with Larry King on his talk show, after King asked about his motives for using drugs, Quaid responded, "Well, you got to put it in context. Back in the late 1960s, early 1970s. That was back during the time where, you know, drugs were going to expand our minds and everybody was experimenting and everything. We were really getting high, we didn't know it. And cocaine at that time was considered harmless. You know. I remember magazine articles in 'People' Magazine of doctors saying, it is not addicting. It is just—alcohol is worse. So I think we all fell into that. But that's not the way it was." When asked if he believed he had ever been addicted to the drugs, he responded, "It was a gradual thing. But it got to the point where I couldn't have any fun unless I had it. Which is a bad place to be." Later in the interview he said, "But I saw myself being dead in about five years if I didn't stop."[35]
Charities[edit]
Quaid lent his name to the annual "Dennis Quaid Charity Weekend" (formerly the "Jiffy Lube/Dennis Quaid Charity Classic"), held in Austin from 2002 till 2007. The golf tournament attracted numerous celebrities with the proceeds split among local children's charities.
Quaid at the 2009 Texas Film Hall of Fame Awards
Quaid worked with the International Hospital for Children in New Orleans. He made several trips to Central America in the nineties to help build medical clinics and transport sick children back to the U.S. for treatment they cannot get locally.
Accolades[edit]
For his role in Far from Heaven (2002) he won the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actor, the Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor, the Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Supporting Actor and the Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Male. He received nominations for Best Supporting Actor from the Golden Globe Awards, the Phoenix Film Critics Society Awards and the Screen Actors Guild Awards. Quaid was also honored with a Distinguished Alumni Award from his alma mater, the University of Houston, in April 2012.[36]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1975 Crazy Mama Bellhop Uncredited[citation needed]
1977 I Never Promised You a Rose Garden Shark, Baseball Pitcher
September 30, 1955 Frank
1978 Our Winning Season Paul Morelli
The Seniors Alan
1979 Breaking Away Mike
1980 Long Riders, TheThe Long Riders Ed Miller
Gorp Mad Grossman
1981 All Night Long Freddie Dupler
Caveman Lar
Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia, TheThe Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia Travis Child
Stripes Extra at Graduation Ceremony Uncredited[citation needed]
1983 Tough Enough Art Long
Jaws 3-D Michael 'Mike' Brody
Right Stuff, TheThe Right Stuff Gordon Cooper
1984 Dreamscape Alex Gardner
1985 Enemy Mine Willis Davidge
1987 Big Easy, TheThe Big Easy Det. Remy McSwain
Innerspace Lt. Tuck Pendleton
Suspect Eddie Sanger
1988 D.O.A. Dexter Cornell
Everybody's All-American Gavin Grey
1989 Great Balls of Fire! Jerry Lee Lewis
1990 Come See the Paradise Jack McGurn
Postcards from the Edge Jack Faulkner
1993 Wilder Napalm Wallace Foudroyant/Biff the Clown
Undercover Blues Jefferson 'Jeff' Blue
Flesh and Bone Arlis Sweeney
1994 Century of Cinema, AA Century of Cinema Himself Documentary
Wyatt Earp Doc Holliday
1995 Something to Talk About Eddie Bichon
1996 Dragonheart Bowen
1997 Gang Related Joe Doe/William
Switchback Frank LaCrosse
1998 Parent Trap, TheThe Parent Trap Nicholas "Nick" Parker
Savior Joshua Rose/Guy
Playing by Heart Hugh
1999 Any Given Sunday Jack 'Cap' Rooney
2000 Frequency Frank Sullivan
Traffic Arnie Metzger
2002 Rookie, TheThe Rookie Jim Morris
Far from Heaven Frank Whitaker
2003 Cold Creek Manor Cooper Tilson
2004 Alamo, TheThe Alamo Sam Houston
Day After Tomorrow, TheThe Day After Tomorrow Jack Hall
In Good Company Dan Foreman
Flight of the Phoenix Frank Towns
2005 Yours, Mine and Ours Rear Admiral Frank Beardsley, USCG
2006 American Dreamz President Joseph Staton
2007 Battle for Terra Roven Voice role
2008 Vantage Point Thomas Barnes
Smart People Lawrence Wetherhold
Express, TheThe Express Ben Schwartzwalder
2009 Horsemen Aidan Breslin
G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra General Hawk
Pandorum Payton
2010 Legion Bob Hanson
2011 Soul Surfer Tom Hamilton
Footloose Rev. Shaw Moore
2012 Beneath the Darkness Vaughn Ely
What to Expect When You're Expecting Ramsey
The Words Clay Hammond
Playing for Keeps Carl
At Any Price Henry Whipple
2013 Movie 43 Charlie Wessler Segment: "The Pitch"
2015 Truth Colonel Roger Charles
2017 A Dog's Purpose Adult Ethan
2018 I Can Only Imagine Arthur Millard
Kin
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1977 Baretta Scott Martin Episode: "The Sky Is Falling"
1978 Are You in the House Alone? Phil Lawver Movie
1979 Amateur Night at the Dixie Bar and Grill Roy Movie
1981 Bill Barry Morrow Movie
1982 Johnny Belinda Kyle Hager Movie
1983 Bill: On His Own Barry Morrow Movie
1998 Everything that Rises Jim Clay Movie
2001 Dinner with Friends Gabe Movie
2009 SpongeBob SquarePants Grandpa RedBeard Voice role; Episode: "Grandpappy the Pirate/Cephalopod Lodge"
2010 Special Relationship, TheThe Special Relationship Bill Clinton Movie
Chasing Zero: Winning the War on Healthcare Harm Self/narrator Documentary
2012–2013 Vegas Sheriff Ralph Lamb 21 episodes; also executive producer
2015 Inside Amy Schumer Chief / Judge 2 episodes
Drunk History Lucky Luciano Episode: "Las Vegas"
2015–present The Art of More Samuel Brukner 20 episodes
2017 Workaholics Ted Murphy Episode: "Weed the People"
Fortitude Michael Lennox 10 episodes
Awards and nominations[edit]
This section of a biography of a living person does not include any references or sources. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately.
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Year
Association
Category
Work
Result
1987 Valladolid International Film Festival Best Lead Actor[citation needed] The Big Easy Won
1988 Independent Spirit Awards Best Male Lead The Big Easy Won
1989 Jupiter Awards Best International Actor The Big Easy Nominated
2001 Saturn Awards Best Supporting Actor Frequency Nominated
2001 Screen Actors Guild Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Motion Picture (shared with cast) Traffic Nominated
2002 New York Film Critics Circle Best Supporting Actor Far from Heaven Won
2002 Toronto Film Critics Association Best Supporting Performance – Male Far from Heaven Nominated
2003 Chicago Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor Far from Heaven Won
2003 Gold Derby Awards Best Supporting Actor Far from Heaven Nominated
2003 Golden Globe Awards Best Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture Far from Heaven Nominated
2003 Independent Spirit Awards Best Supporting Male Far from Heaven Won
2003 Online Film Critics Society Best Supporting Actor Far from Heaven Won
2003 Satellite Awards Best Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture – Drama Far from Heaven Nominated
2003 Screen Actors Guild Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role Far from Heaven Nominated
2003 Vancouver Film Critics Circle Best Supporting Actor Far from Heaven Nominated
2011 Golden Globe Awards Best Lead Actor in a Motion Picture Made for Television The Special Relationship Nominated
2011 Screen Actors Guild Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Television Movie or Miniseries The Special Relationship Nominated
2010 Primetime Emmy Awards Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie The Special Relationship Nominated
2010 Satellite Awards Best Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Motion Picture Made for Television The Special Relationship Nominated
2016 Houston Film Critics Society Lifetime Achievement[citation needed] N/A Won
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Dennis Quaid Biography (1954–)". FilmReference.com. Archived from the original on May 29, 2016. Retrieved September 3, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Stated in interview at Inside the Actors Studio.
Jump up ^ "Actor Dennis Quaid on Jesus and the Bible--Christian Baptist Hindu Meg Ryan acting baptism Ganges prodigal son Sheahen - Beliefnet.com". Beliefnet.
Jump up ^ Peter T. Chattaway (November 21, 2005). "Mr. Versatile 'Christianity Today'". Christianitytoday.com. Retrieved September 20, 2010.
Jump up ^ Lyman, Rick (November 14, 2002). "Dennis Quaid's Second Reel: The Comeback". New York Times. New York. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 29, 2010.
Jump up ^ Bonnie Raitt - Thing Called Love. YouTube. December 6, 2010.
Jump up ^ Boodman, Sandra (March 13, 2007). "Eating Disorders: Not Just for Women". The Washington Post. Retrieved September 27, 2015.
Jump up ^ "A Dog's Purpose filmmakers face animal cruelty accusations - BBC News", Bbc.com, 19 January 2017, retrieved 21 January 2017
^ Jump up to: a b Schneider, Karen S. (July 17, 2000). "Sweethearts Sour". People. 54 (3). Archived from the original on April 23, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ Richter, Erin (February 16, 2001). "Her Funny Valentine: Dennis Quaid and Meg Ryan tied the knot 10 years ago". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved March 8, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Meg's Back!".
Jump up ^ "Shanna Moakler". Extra. October 26, 2001. Retrieved 2007-04-02.
Jump up ^ "Shanna Moakler is Devastated over Split". Moakler MySpace blog via CelebSpin.com. August 11, 2006. Archived from the original on July 24, 2008. Retrieved May 8, 2007.
Jump up ^ Keeps, David A. (April 2006). "Dennis Quaid". Best Life. Emmaus, PA. III (3): 22–25. Retrieved August 7, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Dennis & Kimberly Quaid Welcome a Boy & Girl". People. November 8, 2007. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved September 20, 2010.
Jump up ^ Haldeman, Peter (November 2008). "Dennis Quaid". Architectural Digest. Retrieved September 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Dennis Quaid's Newborn Twins Fighting for Life". Fox News Channel. November 21, 2007. Retrieved September 20, 2010.
Jump up ^ Ornstein, Charles; Gorman, Anna (November 21, 2007). "Possible medical mix-up for twins". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 19, 2011.
Jump up ^ Dennis Quaid and wife sue drug maker.
Jump up ^ Quaid, Dennis; Quaid, Kimberly (May 14, 2008). "Testimony of Dennis Quaid and Kimberly Quaid Before the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of the United States House of Representatives" (PDF). pp. 1–7. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 14, 2009. Retrieved June 10, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b Landro, Laura. "Patient Safety: The Movie". The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones and Company. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Grant, Meg (September 2010). "Dennis Quaid's Quest". AARP. AARP. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
Jump up ^ Quaid, Dennis; Thao, Julie (March 2010). "Story Power The Secret Weapon" (PDF). The Journal of Patient Safety. 6 (1): 5–14. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "Discovery Channel to air patient-safety documentary tomorrow". AHA News. American Hospital Association. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
Jump up ^ O'Reilly, Kevin. "Celebrities make pitch for patient safety panel". American Medical News. American Medical Association. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
Jump up ^ Hill, Terry. "Actor seeks media aid in sounding alert for health care safety". The National Press Club. The National Press Club. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "Dennis Quaid Remarks on Medical Errors". The National Press Club. The National Press Club. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "Dennis Quaid's wife files for divorce, report says". Fox News. March 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Dennis Quaid's Wife Withdraws Divorce Papers". People. May 4, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Dennis Quaid Files to Divorce Wife Kimberly Buffington-Quaid". Us Weekly. Retrieved December 13, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Dennis Quaid's Wife Files for Separation Five Months After Pulling Plug on Divorce". E News. Retrieved October 19, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Dennis Quaid & Wife -- Divorce Dismissed ... Now Let's Bike Together!". TMZ.com. September 7, 2013. Archived from the original on September 9, 2013. Retrieved June 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Dennis Quaid's Wife Files for Divorce ... Again". TMZ.com. June 28, 2016. Archived from the original on June 29, 2016. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ "A Plane Crazy America". AOPA Pilot: 79. May 2014.
Jump up ^ "CNN.com – Transcripts". Transcripts.cnn.com. March 12, 2002. Retrieved September 20, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Dennis Quaid : Awards". Internet Movie Database.
Further reading[edit]
Silver, Murray (2005). When Elvis Meets the Dalai Lama. Savannah, Georgia: Bonaventure Books. Author describes Quaid's participation in the film Great Balls of Fire.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dennis Quaid.
Dennis Quaid on IMDb
Dennis Quaid at AllMovie
Dennis Quaid at Emmys.com
[show]
Awards for Dennis Quaid
[show]
v
t
e
Independent Spirit Award for Best Male Lead
M. Emmet Walsh (1985)
James Woods (1986)
Dennis Quaid (1987)
Edward James Olmos (1988)
Matt Dillon (1989)
Danny Glover (1990)
River Phoenix (1991)
Harvey Keitel (1992)
Jeff Bridges (1993)
Samuel L. Jackson (1994)
Sean Penn (1995)
William H. Macy (1996)
Robert Duvall (1997)
Ian McKellen (1998)
Richard Farnsworth (1999)
Javier Bardem (2000)
Tom Wilkinson (2001)
Derek Luke (2002)
Bill Murray (2003)
Paul Giamatti (2004)
Philip Seymour Hoffman (2005)
Ryan Gosling (2006)
Philip Seymour Hoffman (2007)
Mickey Rourke (2008)
Jeff Bridges (2009)
James Franco (2010)
Jean Dujardin (2011)
John Hawkes (2012)
Matthew McConaughey (2013)
Michael Keaton (2014)
Abraham Attah (2015)
Casey Affleck (2016)
Timothée Chalamet (2017)
[show]
v
t
e
Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Male
Morgan Freeman (1987)
Lou Diamond Phillips (1988)
Max Perlich (1989)
Bruce Davison (1990)
David Strathairn (1991)
Steve Buscemi (1992)
Christopher Lloyd (1993)
Chazz Palminteri (1994)
Benicio del Toro (1995)
Benicio del Toro (1996)
Jason Lee (1997)
Bill Murray (1998)
Steve Zahn (1999)
Willem Dafoe (2000)
Steve Buscemi (2001)
Dennis Quaid (2002)
Djimon Hounsou (2003)
Thomas Haden Church (2004)
Matt Dillon (2005)
Alan Arkin (2006)
Chiwetel Ejiofor (2007)
James Franco (2008)
Woody Harrelson (2009)
John Hawkes (2010)
Christopher Plummer (2011)
Matthew McConaughey (2012)
Jared Leto (2013)
J. K. Simmons (2014)
Idris Elba (2015)
Ben Foster (2016)
Sam Rockwell (2017)
[show]
v
t
e
New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actor
Jack Nicholson (1969)
Chief Dan George (1970)
Ben Johnson (1971)
Robert Duvall (1972)
Robert De Niro (1973)
Charles Boyer (1974)
Alan Arkin (1975)
Jason Robards (1976)
Maximilian Schell (1977)
Christopher Walken (1978)
Melvyn Douglas (1979)
Joe Pesci (1980)
John Gielgud (1981)
John Lithgow (1982)
Jack Nicholson (1983)
Ralph Richardson (1984)
Klaus Maria Brandauer (1985)
Daniel Day-Lewis (1986)
Morgan Freeman (1987)
Dean Stockwell (1988)
Alan Alda (1989)
Bruce Davison (1990)
Samuel L. Jackson (1991)
Gene Hackman (1992)
Ralph Fiennes (1993)
Martin Landau (1994)
Kevin Spacey (1995)
Harry Belafonte (1996)
Burt Reynolds (1997)
Bill Murray (1998)
John Malkovich (1999)
Benicio del Toro (2000)
Steve Buscemi (2001)
Dennis Quaid (2002)
Eugene Levy (2003)
Clive Owen (2004)
William Hurt (2005)
Jackie Earle Haley (2006)
Javier Bardem (2007)
Josh Brolin (2008)
Christoph Waltz (2009)
Mark Ruffalo (2010)
Albert Brooks (2011)
Matthew McConaughey (2012)
Jared Leto (2013)
J. K. Simmons (2014)
Mark Rylance (2015)
Mahershala Ali (2016)
Willem Dafoe (2017)
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 74040294
LCCN: n88168086
ISNI: 0000 0001 1574 6970
GND: 120487527
SUDOC: 081231865
BNF: cb139306650 (data)
MusicBrainz: f4de8ca5-be53-42b1-96cd-dcaa8b4b5a77
BNE: XX1079102
SNAC: w6669937
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dennis_Quaid&oldid=837905125"
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text:
List of Batman television series cast members
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Batman, a fictional superhero appearing in publications by DC Comics, has appeared in numerous filmed works, with a variety of casts. The list below presents the casts of the television series in which Batman was the eponymous starring character.
Television series[edit]
Character
Series (all except Batman (1966–1968) and Gotham are animated)
Batman
(1966–1968)
The Adventures of Batman and Robin the Boy Wonder
(1968–1969)
The New Adventures of Batman
(1977–1978)
Batman: The Animated Series
(1992–1995)
The New Batman Adventures
(1997–1999)
Batman Beyond
(1999–2001)
The Batman
(2004–2008)
Batman: The Brave and the Bold
(2008–2011)
Beware the Batman
(2013–2014)
Gotham
(2015–present)
CAST
Bruce Wayne
Batman
Adam West Olan Soule Adam West Kevin Conroy Rino Romano Diedrich Bader
Zachary Gordon (young)
Mikey Kelley (pre-teen)
Dee Bradley Baker (infant) Anthony Ruivivar David Mazouz
Terry McGinnis
Batman
Will Friedle
Alfred Pennyworth
Alan Napier Olan Soule Clive Revill
Efrem Zimbalist, Jr. Alastair Duncan James Garrett JB Blanc Sean Pertwee
Commissioner James Gordon
Neil Hamilton Ted Knight Lennie Weinrib Bob Hastings Mitch Pileggi Kurtwood Smith Ben McKenzie
Dick Grayson
Robin
Nightwing
Burt Ward Casey Kasem Burt Ward Brianne Siddall Evan Sabara Jeremy Shada
Grey DeLisle
Jason Marsden
Loren Lester Jerry O'Connell Crawford Wilson
Tim Drake
Robin
Mathew Valencia
Carrie Kelly
Robin
Anndi McAfee
Barbara Gordon
Batgirl
Yvonne Craig Jane Webb Melendy Britt Melissa Gilbert
Tara Strong Stockard Channing Danielle Judovits Mae Whitman Tara Strong
Katana
Vyvan Pham
Kim Mai Guest Sumalee Montano
The Joker
Cesar Romero Larry Storch Lennie Weinrib Mark Hamill
Michael McKean Kevin Michael Richardson Jeff Bennett
Corey Burton Cameron Monaghan
The Penguin
Burgess Meredith Ted Knight Lennie Weinrib Paul Williams Tom Kenny Stephen Root
Jeff Bennett Robin Lord Taylor
The Riddler
Frank Gorshin
John Astin Ted Knight John Glover Robert Englund John Michael Higgins Cory Michael Smith
Two-Face
Richard Moll James Remar
Richard Moll Nicholas D'Agosto
Catwoman
Julie Newmar
Eartha Kitt Jane Webb Melendy Britt Adrienne Barbeau Gina Gershon Nika Futterman Camren Bicondova
Mr. Freeze
George Sanders
Otto Preminger
Eli Wallach Lennie Weinrib Michael Ansara Clancy Brown John Di Maggio Nathan Darrow
Ra's al Ghul
David Warner Peter Woodward Lance Reddick Alexander Siddig
Clock King
Walter Slezak Alan Rachins Dee Bradley Baker
Scarecrow
Henry Polic II Dee Bradley Baker Charlie Tahan
Mad Hatter
David Wayne Roddy McDowall Benedict Samuel
False Face
Malachi Throne Townsend Coleman Corey Burton
Harley Quinn
Arleen Sorkin Hynden Walch Meghan Strange Meggie Vilcina
Man-Bat
Marc Singer Peter MacNicol
Killer Moth
Jeff Bennett Corey Burton
Killer Croc
Aron Kincaid Ron Perlman Stephen Root
Poison Ivy
Diane Pershing Piera Coppola Jennifer Hale Clare Foley
Maggie Geha
Peyton List
Scarface / The Ventriloquist
George Dzundza Dan Castellaneta
Bane
Henry Silva Joaquim de Almeida
Ron Perlman
Clancy Brown Michael Dorn
Firefly
Mark Rolston Jason Marsden Michelle Veintimilla
Camila Perez
Dr. Hugo Strange
Ray Buktenica Frank Gorshin
Richard Green B. D. Wong
Rupert Thorne
John Vernon Victor Brandt
Tony Zucco
Thomas F. Wilson Mark Hamill
Fox
Bill Mumy David Faustino Phil Morris
Shark
Peter Scolari Googy Gress
Vulture
David Jolliffe Grey DeLisle Edoardo Ballerini
Count Vertigo
Michael York Greg Ellis
Spellbinder
Jon Cypher Michael Massee
Blockbuster
Kevin Michael Richardson Gary Anthony Williams
Black Mask
James Remar John Di Maggio Todd Stashwick
Thomas Wayne
Kevin Conroy Corey Burton
Greg Ellis
Adam West Grayson McCouch
Martha Wayne
Adrienne Barbeau Pat Musick
Julie Newmar Brette Taylor
Chief O'Hara
Stafford Repp
Harvey Bullock
Robert Costanzo Donal Logue
Renee Montoya
Ingrid Oliu
Liane Schirmer Victoria Cartagena
Aunt Harriet Cooper
Madge Blake
Lucius Fox
Brock Peters
Mel Winkler Louis Gossett, Jr. Chris Chalk
Green Arrow
Chris Hardwick James Arnold Taylor
Hal Jordan
Green Lantern
Dermot Mulroney Loren Lester
Zatanna
Julie Brown Jennifer Hale
Hawkman
Robert Patrick William Katt
Rex Mason
Metamorpho
Scott Menville Adam Baldwin
Sinestro
Miguel Ferrer Xander Berkeley
Solomon Grundy
Kevin Grevioux Diedrich Bader Drew Powell
Jason Blood
Etrigan
Billy Zane Dee Bradley Baker
Jonah Hex
Bill McKinney Phil Morris
Summer Gleeson
Mari Devon
Mayor Hamilton Hill
Lloyd Bochner
Dr. Leslie Thompkins
Diana Muldaur Morena Baccarin
Bat-Mite
Lou Scheimer Paul Reubens
Ace the Bat-Hound
Frank Welker Dee Bradley Baker
Dana Tan
Lauren Tom
Mrs. Mary McGinnis
Teri Garr
Delia & Deidre Dennis
Melissa Joan Hart
References[edit]
[hide]
v
t
e
Batman franchise media
Live-action television
Batman
episodes
Legends of the Superheroes
OnStar commercials
Birds of Prey
Return to the Batcave: The Misadventures of Adam and Burt
Gotham
episodes
season 3
4
characters
Live-action
serials and films
Batman (1943)
Batman and Robin
Batman (1966)
1989–97 film series
Batman (1989)
Batman Returns
Batman Forever
Batman & Robin
The Dark Knight Trilogy
Batman Begins
The Dark Knight
The Dark Knight Rises
DC Extended Universe
Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice
Justice League
Animated television
Featuring Batman
The Adventures of Batman
The Batman/Superman Hour
The Batman/Tarzan Adventure Hour
The New Adventures of Batman
Batman: The Animated Series
episodes
The New Batman Adventures
Batman Beyond
episodes
The Batman
episodes
Batman: The Brave and the Bold
episodes
Beware the Batman
episodes
With other heroes
Super Friends
episodes
Justice League
episodes
Justice League Unlimited
episodes
Young Justice
episodes
Justice League Action
episodes
Animated films
Featuring Batman
Mask of the Phantasm
SubZero
Return of the Joker
Mystery of the Batwoman
The Batman vs. Dracula
Gotham Knight
Under the Red Hood
Year One
The Dark Knight Returns
DC Super Heroes Unite
Son of Batman
Assault on Arkham
Batman vs. Robin
Bad Blood
The Killing Joke
Return of the Caped Crusaders
The Lego Batman Movie
Batman and Harley Quinn
Batman vs. Two-Face
Scooby-Doo! & Batman: The Brave and the Bold
Gotham by Gaslight
Batman Ninja
With Justice League
Justice League: The New Frontier
Superman/Batman: Public Enemies
Justice League: Crisis on Two Earths
Superman/Batman: Apocalypse
Justice League: Doom
Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox
JLA Adventures: Trapped in Time
Justice League: War
The Lego Movie
Justice League: Throne of Atlantis
Batman Unlimited: Animal Instincts
Justice League: Gods and Monsters
Batman Unlimited: Monster Mayhem
Justice League vs. Teen Titans
Batman Unlimited: Mechs vs. Mutants
With Justice League Dark
Justice League Dark
Animated shorts
Chase Me
Strange Days
Novels
Dead White
Fear Itself
Inferno
The Ultimate Evil
Enemies & Allies
Wayne of Gotham
Enemies in other media
Joker
Bane
Catwoman
Other characters in other media
Robin
Barbara Gordon
Related topics
Batman & Bill
Bruce Wayne (unproduced series)
Batkid Begins
Batman action figures
Lego Batman
Batman Total Justice
Bat phone
Bat-Manga!: The Secret History of Batman in Japan
List of Batman films cast members
List of Batman television series cast members
List of Batman video games
List of Batman children's books
Batman music
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Batman_television_series_cast_members&oldid=814914897"
Categories:
Batman lists
Batman television series
Lists of actors by crime television series
Lists of actors by science fiction television series
Lists of DC Comics television characters
Lists of DC Comics animated television characters
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text:
Beep Beep (song)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other similarly titled songs, see Beep, beep.
"Beep Beep"
Single by The Playmates
from the album At Play with the Playmates
B-side
"Your Love"
Released
1958
Format
7"
Genre
Pop
Length
2:20
Label
Roulette
Songwriter(s)
Carl Cicchetti, Donald Claps
The Playmates singles chronology
"Don't Go Home"
(1958) "Beep Beep"
(1958) "Jo-Ann"
(1959)
"Don't Go Home"
(1958) "Beep Beep"
(1958) "Jo-Ann"
(1959)
"Beep Beep" is a novelty song by The Playmates.
Some versions feature an instrumental introduction with the refrain used before the first verse begins. The longer version usually omits this due to the slowness of the first verse which is sung.
The song is an example of accelerando, in which the tempo of the song gradually increases commensurate with the increasing speed of the drivers.[1] The song is noted for its unusual instrument that makes the beeping sounds.
Contents
[hide]
1 Lyrical Content
2 Charts
3 In popular culture
4 References
Lyrical Content[edit]
The narrator, the driver of a Cadillac, is approached from behind by a Nash Rambler apparently wanting to pass. The narrator, believing that it would be a disgrace for a Rambler "about 1/3 my size" to pass a Cadillac, continually increases his speed to "show him that a Cadillac is not a car to scorn". However, the Rambler continues to follow closely behind the Cadillac, and ultimately pulls along side him while both cars are going 120 MPH.
It turns out the Rambler's driver simply wants to ask the narrator a question: "HEY, BUDDY, HOW DO YOU GET THIS CAR OUT OF SECOND GEAR?"
Charts[edit]
The song was on the Billboard Top 40 charts for twelve weeks, and peaked at #4.[2] It sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc.[3] The Playmates appeared on the Milton Berle Show televised December 3, 1958, at the height of the song's popularity.[4][5]
Concurrently with this song, American Motors (AMC) was setting production and sales records for the Rambler models.[6] The "Beep Beep" song was also popular with the workers building the Rambler cars on AMC's assembly lines in Kenosha, Wisconsin.[7]
Because of a directive by the BBC that songs not include brand names in their lyrics, a UK re-recorded version of "Beep Beep" was recorded for the European market replacing the Cadillac and Nash Rambler with the generic terms the Limousine and Bubble car.[8]
In popular culture[edit]
Homage is made to the "Beep Beep" in the 1959 hit song "Jo Jo The Dog Faced Boy" with the line, "Where in the world was the little Nash Rambler?". "Jo Jo The Dog Faced Boy" was sung by featured Mickey Mouse Club singer, Annette Funicello and written by Bob & Dick Sherman and Bob Roberts.[9]
The song is sampled in the Marilyn Manson song "Misery Machine", which appears on the 1994 album Portrait of an American Family.[10][11]
In the Full House season 6 episode "Grand Gift Auto", Danny plays his guitar while singing the chorus of the song (at a much faster tempo than the original) to D.J., Kimmy, and Steve in order to create a diversion while Joey and Jesse are completing repairs on D.J.'s birthday gift, a 1977 Pontiac Firebird.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Pica, Rae (2008). Physical education for young children: movement ABCs for the little ones. Human Kinetics Publishers. p. 38. ISBN 9780736071499. Retrieved 1 March 2015. "Beep Beep" is a song from the 1950s, performed by the Playmates, that is an example of accelerando, the gradual increase in tempo. It's great fun to perform follow-the-leader style, gradually increasing the pace of your movements along with ...
Jump up ^ Broven, John (2009). Record makers and breakers: voices of the independent rock 'n' roll pioneers. University of Illinois Press. p. 246. ISBN 9780252032905. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
Jump up ^ Murrells, Joseph (1978). The Book of Golden Discs (Second ed.). London: Barrie and Jenkins. p. 106. ISBN 0-214-20512-6.
Jump up ^ Rolontz, Bob (1 December 1958). "Music as Written". Billboard. 70 (48): 7. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
Jump up ^ "Milton Berle and the Texaco Star Theatre". Thomas Film Classics. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
Jump up ^ "Rambler in High Gear". Time. 8 December 1958. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
Jump up ^ Kenosha News. That's Entertainment. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
Jump up ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=5goEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA5&dq=beep+beep+%2B+limousine+%2B+bubble+car&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiyh-Xqv9zXAhWIPN8KHZIbANYQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=beep%20beep%20%2B%20limousine%20%2B%20bubble%20car&f=false
Jump up ^ "Lyrics: Jo-Jo The Dog-Faced Boy by Annette". top40db. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
Jump up ^ Kushner, Nick. "Marilyn Manson Subliminal Messages and Backwards Masking". The Nachtkabarett. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
Jump up ^ "Marilyn Manson – Portrait Of An American Family". Discogs. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
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Cracker Barrel
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Cracker Barrel Old Country Store, Inc.
Type
Public
Traded as
NASDAQ: CBRL
S&P 400 Component[1]
ISIN
US22410J1060
Industry
Restaurants
Founded
September 19, 1969; 48 years ago (1969-09-19)
Founder
Dan Evins
Headquarters
Lebanon, Tennessee, United States
Number of locations
640 at Sept. 19, 2016[2]
Area served
United States
Key people
Michael A. Woodhouse (Director & Executive Chairman)
Sandra B. Cochran (President & CEO)[3]
Revenue
US$2.91 billion (fiscal 2016)[2]
Operating income
US$280.47 million (fiscal 2016)[2]
Net income
US$189.30 million (fiscal 2016)[2]
Total assets
US$1.50 billion (fiscal 2016)[2]
Total equity
US$526.43 million (fiscal 2016)[2]
Number of employees
approx. 73,000 at July 29, 2016 [2]
Website
www.crackerbarrel.com
Cracker Barrel Old Country Store, Inc. is an American chain of combined restaurant and gift stores with a Southern country theme. The company was founded by Dan Evins in 1969; its first store was in Lebanon, Tennessee, which remains the company headquarters. The chain's stores were at first positioned near Interstate highway exits in the Southeastern and Midwestern United States, but has expanded across the country during the 1990s and 2000s. As of September 18, 2012[update],[4] the chain operates 639 stores in 43 states.
Cracker Barrel's menu is based on traditional Southern cuisine, with appearance and decor designed to resemble an old-fashioned general store. Each restaurant features a front porch lined with wooden rocking chairs, a stone fireplace, and decorative artifacts from the local area. Cracker Barrel is known for its partnerships with country music performers. It has received attention for its charitable activities, such as its assistance of victims of Hurricane Katrina and injured war veterans. Employees there wear a choice of either white, yellow, blue or pink shirts.
During the 1990s, the company was the subject of controversy for its official stance against gay and lesbian employees and for discriminatory practices against African-American customers and female employees. In 2004, a U.S. Department of Justice (USDOJ) investigation found that Cracker Barrel discriminated against minority customers; patrons complained of racially segregated seating and service quality. In an agreement with the USDOJ, Cracker Barrel implemented non-discrimination policies and pledged to focus on improving minority representation and civic involvement, particularly in the black community. Company shareholders added sexual orientation to the company's non-discrimination policy in 2002.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 First location and early company history
1.2 New markets and refocus
1.3 Recent operations
2 Restaurants
2.1 Food and gift shop
2.2 Locations, service, and decor
2.3 Awards
3 Corporate overview
3.1 Investment and business model
3.2 Community involvement
4 Controversies
4.1 LGBT policies
4.2 Race- and gender-based discrimination lawsuits
5 Licensed products
6 References
7 External links
History[edit]
First location and early company history[edit]
Cracker Barrel was founded in 1969 by Dan Evins, a sales representative for Shell Oil, who developed the restaurant and gift store concept initially as a plan to improve gasoline sales.[5] Designed to resemble the traditional country store that he remembered from his childhood, with a name chosen to give it a Southern country theme,[6] Cracker Barrel was intended to attract the interest of highway travelers.[5] The first restaurant was built close to Interstate 40, in Lebanon, Tennessee.[7] It opened in September 1969,[8] serving Southern cuisine including biscuits, grits, country ham, and turnip greens.[7]
Evins incorporated Cracker Barrel in February 1970,[5] and soon opened more locations. In the early 1970s, the firm leased land on gasoline station sites near interstate highways to build restaurants.[6] These early locations all featured gas pumps on-site; during gasoline shortages in the mid to late 1970s, the firm began to build restaurants without pumps.[5] Into the early 1980s, the company reduced the number of gas stations on-site, eventually phasing them out altogether as the company focused on its restaurant and gift sales revenues.[8] Cracker Barrel became a publicly traded company in 1981 to raise funds for further expansion.[5][7] It floated more than half a million shares, raising $4.6 million.[6] Following the initial public offering, Cracker Barrel grew at a rate of around 20 percent per year;[9] by 1987, the company had become a chain of more than 50 units in eight states, with annual net sales of almost $81 million.[5]
New markets and refocus[edit]
A Cracker Barrel in Minnesota
The company grew consistently through the 1980s and 1990s, attaining a $1 billion market value by 1992.[7][10][11] In 1993, the chain's revenue was nearly twice that of any other family restaurant.[6]
In 1994, the chain tested a carry-out-only store, Cracker Barrel Old Country Store Corner Market, in suburban residential neighborhoods.[11] In addition, it expanded into new markets through the establishment of more traditional Cracker Barrel locations, the majority of them outside the South, and tested alterations to its menus to adapt to new regions.[12] The chain added regional dishes to its menus, including eggs and salsa in Texas and Reuben sandwiches in New York, but continued to offer its original menu items in all restaurants.[10]
By September 1997, Cracker Barrel had 314 restaurants, and aimed to increase the number of stores by approximately 50 per year over the following five years.[12] The firm closed its Corner Market operations in 1997 and refocused on its restaurant and gift store locations. Its then president, Ron Magruder, stated that the chain was concentrating on strengthening its core theme, offering traditional foods and retail in a country store setting, with good service and country music.[9] The chain opened its first restaurant and gift store not located near a highway in 1998, in Dothan, Alabama.[13] In the 2000s, in the wake of incidents including charges of racial discrimination and controversy over its policy of firing gay employees, the firm launched a series of promotional activities including a nationwide book drive and a sweepstakes with trips to the Country Music Association Awards and rocking chairs among the prizes.[14]
Recent operations[edit]
The number of combined restaurants and stores owned by Cracker Barrel increased between 1997 and 2000, to more than 420 locations. In 2000 and 2001, the company addressed staffing and infrastructure issues related to this rapid growth by implementing a more rigorous recruitment strategy and introducing new technology, including an order-placement system.[15] From the late 1990s to the mid-2000s, the company focused on opening new locations in residential areas to attract local residents and workers as customers.[13] It updated its marketing in 2006 to encourage new customers, changing the design of its highway billboard advertisements to include images of menu items. Previously the signs had featured only the company's logo.[16] By 2011, Cracker Barrel had opened more than 600 restaurants in 42 states.[17][18][19] On January 17, 2012, company founder Dan Evins died of bladder cancer.[20]
Restaurants[edit]
A Cracker Barrel gift shop
Food and gift shop[edit]
As a Southern-themed chain, Cracker Barrel serves traditional Southern comfort food often described as "down-home" country cooking and sells gift items including simple toys representative of the 1950s and 1960s, toy vehicles, puzzles, and woodcrafts. Also sold are country music CDs, DVDs of early classic television, cookbooks, baking mixes, kitchen novelty decor, and early classic brands of candy and snack foods.[21][22] Breakfast is served all day, and there are two menus: one for breakfast, the other for lunch and dinner. Since the first restaurant opened, the menu has featured Southern specialties, including biscuits, fried chicken, and catfish;[5] seasonal and regional menu items were added during the 1980s and 1990s.[5][12] In 2007, Cracker Barrel announced plans to remove artificial trans fats from its menu items.[23][24]
Locations, service, and decor[edit]
A Cracker Barrel guest playing peg solitaire
For much of its early history, Cracker Barrel decided to locate its restaurants along the Interstate Highway System,[5] and the majority of its restaurants remain close to interstate and other highways.[25][26][27] Cracker Barrel is known for the loyalty of its customers,[10] particularly travelers who are likely to spend more at restaurants than locals.[12]
The locations are themed around the idea of a traditional Southern U.S. general store. Items used to decorate each store are authentic artifacts,[7] including everyday objects from the early 1900s and after.[28] Each restaurant features a front porch lined with wooden rocking chairs, a wooden peg solitaire game on every table,[29] and a stone fireplace with a deer head displayed above the mantel.[30] In fact, each location has five common items: a shotgun, a cookstove, a deer head, a telephone, and a traffic light.[31] The peg games have been present in Cracker Barrel since the opening of the first store, and continue to be produced by the same family in Lebanon, Tennessee.[32] The decor at each location typically includes artifacts related to the local history of the area, including antique household tools, old wall calendars and advertising posters, and antique photographs;[26] these are centrally stored in a warehouse in Tennessee, where they are cataloged and stockpiled for future use by individual store locations.[33]
Awards[edit]
Destinations magazine has presented the chain with awards for best chain restaurant,[34] and in 2010 and 2011, the Zagat survey named it the "Best Breakfast".[35][36] The chain was selected by the Outdoor Advertising Association of America as the 2011 OBIE Hall of Fame Award recipient for its long-standing use of outdoor advertising.[37] It was also named the "Best Family Dining" restaurant by a nationwide "Choice in Chains" consumer poll in Restaurants & Institutions magazine for 19 consecutive years.[30]
Corporate overview[edit]
Investment and business model[edit]
Cracker Barrel restaurants are aimed at the family and casual dining market as well as retail sales.[9] The chain also advertises to people traveling on the interstate highways, as the majority of its locations are close to highway exits.[11] The company has promoted its cost controls to investors.[38][39] The company has stated its goal to keep employee turnover low, to provide better trained staff.[39] Since the 1980s, the firm has offered a formal training program with benefits for progressing through it to all of its employees.[5][40]
The board of directors of Cracker Barrel has repeatedly been at odds with the largest shareholder, Biglari Holdings Inc.[41] The owner of Biglari Holdings, Sardar Biglari, controls a 19.9% share of the company,[42] just short of the 20% needed to trigger a shareholder rights plan, more commonly termed a "poison pill".[43] The poison pill was adopted after Biglari Holdings sought approval to purchase a 49.99% share of the company and join the board of directors.[43]
Biglari Holdings purchased shares of Cracker Barrel in 2011, and has been often critical of the transparency to shareholders, overspending on advertising, lack of customer value,[44] capital funds mismanagement,[45] and not maximizing shareholder value.[46] Biglari has requested to be on the board of directors three times, and has been denied each time by a vote of shareholders.[41] Biglari Holdings has also put forward a request for a one-time $20/share dividend to address perceived overly conservative capitalization,[46] which was also rejected by shareholders.[45] Cracker Barrel has responded by claiming Biglari has a "hidden agenda" and a conflict of interest by holding shares in other restaurant chains such as Steak 'n Shake.[47][48]
Community involvement[edit]
Cracker Barrel has supported a wide range of charities through one-off donations, promotional events, and partnerships with charitable organizations.[49] The chain has supported charities and causes in communities where its restaurants are located, including the Gulf Coast after Hurricane Katrina in 2005[50] and Nashville after severe flooding in 2010. In the same year, Cracker Barrel established Cracker Barrel Cares Inc., an employee-funded non-profit organization that provides support to Cracker Barrel employees.[51] Cracker Barrel has also formed a partnership with the Wounded Warrior Project, a charity for injured veterans.[52] In attempts to rebuild its image after several race-related controversies,[53] the firm has provided a scholarship through the National Black MBA Association,[54] and job skills programs and sponsorships with 100 Black Men of America[53][55] and the Restaurant and Lodging Association.[56]
Cracker Barrel sponsored the NASCAR Atlanta 500 race at Atlanta Motor Speedway from 1999 to 2001[57] and the Grand Ole Opry from 2004 to 2009. The company was the first presenting sponsor of the Grand Ole Opry.[58] This sponsorship allowed the company to make connections within the Nashville music industry, following which it entered into partnership with a number of country music performers.[59] The chain has established partnerships with artists including Alison Krauss, Charlie Daniels, Josh Turner, Kenny Rogers, Dolly Parton, Alan Jackson, and Alabama, to offer CD releases and merchandise.[59][60][61]
Controversies[edit]
LGBT policies[edit]
In early 1991, an intra-company memo called for employees to be dismissed if they did not display "normal heterosexual values". According to news reports, at least 11 employees were fired under the policy on a store-by-store basis from locations in Georgia and other states.[6][12] After demonstrations by gay rights groups, the company ended its policy in March 1991 and stated it would not discriminate based on sexual orientation.[62][63] The company's founder, Dan Evins, subsequently described the policy as a mistake.[6] From 1992 onward,[64] the New York City Employees Retirement System, then a major shareholder, put forward proposals to add sexual orientation to the company's non-discrimination policy. An early proposal in 1993 was defeated, with 77 percent against and only 14 percent in support, along with 9 percent abstaining.[65] It was not until 2002 that the proposals were successful; 58 percent of company shareholders voted in favor of the addition.[62]
Cracker Barrel achieved the lowest score (15 out of 100) of all rated food and beverage companies in the Human Rights Campaign's 2008 Corporate Equality Index, a measure of LGBT workplace equality.[66] Their score for 2011 had increased to a 55. The 2011 survey noted that the firm had established a non-discrimination policy and had introduced diversity training that included training related to sexual orientation.[67] However, the company's score for 2013 dropped to a 35 out of 100, not having obtained the points related to non-discrimination toward gender identity and health benefits for partners of LGBT employees and transgender-inclusive benefits.[68]
On December 20, 2013, Cracker Barrel announced it would no longer sell certain Duck Dynasty products which it was "concerned might offend some of [its] guests"[69] after Phil Robertson, a star of the reality TV show, remarked in a GQ interview[70]
Don't be deceived. Neither the adulterers, the idolaters, the male prostitutes, the homosexual offenders, the greedy, the drunkards, the slanderers, the swindlers—they won't inherit the kingdom of God. Don't deceive yourself. It's not right.
--Duck Dynasty's Phil Robertson
Robertson also made "comments likening homosexuality to terrorism and bestiality" in the interview, and expressed views about race which attracted criticism. On December 22, less than two days after pulling the products from its shelves, Cracker Barrel reversed its position after protests from customers.[71][72][73]
Race- and gender-based discrimination lawsuits[edit]
In July 1999, a discrimination lawsuit was filed against Cracker Barrel by a group of former employees, who claimed that the company had discriminated against them on the grounds of race.[74][75] In December 2001, twenty-one of the restaurant's customers, represented by the same attorneys, filed a separate lawsuit, alleging racial discrimination in its treatment of guests.[76][77][78] Regarding both accusations, Cracker Barrel officials disputed the claims and stated that the company was committed to fair treatment of its employees and customers.[75][77][79]
In 2004, an investigation by the U.S. Justice Department found evidence that Cracker Barrel had been segregating customer seating by race; seating or serving white customers before seating or serving black customers; providing inferior service to black customers, and allowing white servers to refuse to serve black customers.[80] The Justice Department determined that the firm had violated Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The company was required to sign a five-year agreement to introduce "effective nondiscrimination policies and procedures." The terms included new equal opportunity training; the creation of a new system to log, investigate, and resolve complaints of discrimination; and the publicizing of its non-discrimination policies. They were required to hire an outside auditor to ensure compliance with the terms of the settlement.[81]
In 2006, Cracker Barrel paid a $2 million settlement to end a lawsuit alleging race and sexual harassment at three Illinois restaurants.[82][83] Cracker Barrel stores subsequently began displaying a sign in the front foyer explaining the company's non-discrimination policy,[80] and added to its website and menu the policy and details on how to make a complaint.[84]
Since the early 2000s, Cracker Barrel has provided training and resources to minority employees, to improve its image on diversity. These efforts involved outreach to minority employees, along with testing a training plan to help employees whose first language is Spanish to learn English.[53] As of 2002[update], minorities made up 23 percent of the company's employees, including over 11 percent of its management and executives.[54]
Cracker Barrel is on the Corporate Advisory Board for the Texas Conference of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP),[85] and is a corporate sponsor of the NAACP Leadership 500 Summit.[86] The company has been praised for its gender diversity, particularly on its board of directors, which includes three women out of eleven total board members.[87] Its chief executive officer (CEO), Sandra Cochran, is the second woman in Tennessee to hold that office in a publicly traded company.[87]
Licensed products[edit]
In November 2012, Cracker Barrel licensed its name to Smithfield Foods' John Morrell Division in a deal to create a line of meat products to be sold in supermarkets and through other retail channels.
In response, Kraft Foods filed a trademark-infringement lawsuit in February 2013. Kraft has sold cheese in retail stores under their Cracker Barrel brand since 1954. The corporation said that Cracker Barrel stores have not made significant sales of retail food products beyond their restaurant menu, and asked that the Smithfield Foods deal be nullified by the U.S. District Court in the Northern District of Illinois.[88]
References[edit]
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Jump up ^ "Cracker Barrel Old Country Store Inc Company Profile". money.msn. MSN. Retrieved December 31, 2012.
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^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Carlino, Bill (September 20, 1993). "Dan W. Evins: barreling toward the top". Nation's Restaurant News (V27). p. 115. ISSN 0028-0518. Retrieved January 21, 2012.
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^ Jump up to: a b "Cracker Barrel Adopts Poison Pill". The New York Times. September 23, 2011. Retrieved December 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ Heller, Jonathan (August 21, 2013). "Food Fight: Biglari Makes Another Run at Cracker Barrel". The Street. Retrieved December 23, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Ruggless, Ron (September 17, 2013). "Biglari requests $20 dividend from Cracker Barrel". Retrieved December 23, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Jefferson, Greg (November 17, 2013). "Biglari trying to push dividend, debt at Cracker Barrel". San Antonio Express News. Retrieved December 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Cracker Barrel Urges Shareholders to Reject Biglari Nomination to Board of Directors" (Press release). Business Wire. November 4, 2013. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved December 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ Williams III, G. Chambers (December 30, 2013), "Cracker Barrell rejects latest attempts to force a sale", USA Today
Jump up ^ "Cracker Barrel Donates to Civil Rights Fund". The Tennessee Tribune. November 1, 2007. p. 5. ISSN 1067-5280. Retrieved January 25, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ "Cracker Barrel donates $1 million worth of food to Gulf". Nation's Restaurant News. October 17, 2005. p. 22. ISSN 0028-0518. Retrieved February 2, 2012.
Jump up ^ Elan, Elissa (May 31, 2010). "A flood of support: restaurateurs pitch in to raise funds for Nashville disaster victims; Community". Nation's Restaurant News. Retrieved February 2, 2012.
Jump up ^ Richardson, Hamilton (May 30, 2009). "CD sales support injured vets". The Montgomery Advertiser. Retrieved January 25, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
^ Jump up to: a b c French, Rose (June 18, 2005). "Cracker Barrel Rebuilds Image". The Post and Courier. p. 9B–10B. Archived from the original on January 24, 2013. Retrieved January 21, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Cracker Barrel Old Country Store offers $25,000 scholarship through National Black MBA program". Chicago Defender. October 1, 2002. p. 2. ISSN 0745-7014. Retrieved February 2, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ "100 Partners For Student Leadership". Atlanta Inquirer. November 19, 2005. p. 5. Retrieved February 2, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ Brown, Will (November 13, 2008). "Cracker Barrel serves up funding". Tallahassee Democrat. p. 5A. Retrieved January 25, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ Russell, Keith (August 18, 2001). "Atlanta Motor Speedway". The Tennessean. p. 1A. Retrieved January 25, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ Naujeck, Jeanne Anne (October 2, 2004). "'Opry' adds Cracker Barrel to name". The Tennessean. p. 1E. Retrieved January 25, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
^ Jump up to: a b "Cracker Barrel banks on CD deals". The Tennessean. November 11, 2007. Retrieved January 25, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ "Daniels follows Krauss to Cracker Barrel". Billboard. July 12, 2005. Retrieved January 21, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Cracker Barrel offers bacon, eggs and CDs". The Bismarck Tribune. December 24, 2010. p. 1C. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Price, Deb (December 23, 2002). "Perseverance gains Cracker Barrel gift". The Detroit News. p. 11A. Retrieved January 25, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ Hayes, Jack (March 4, 1991). "Cracker Barrel comes under fire for ousting gays". Nation's Restaurant News (V25). p. 1. ISSN 0028-0518. Retrieved February 3, 2012.
Jump up ^ McCann, Michelle (July 1, 1998). "Shareholder Proposal Rule: Cracker Barrel in Light of Texaco". Boston College Law Review. Boston College Law School. 39 (4). Retrieved January 24, 2012.
Jump up ^ Staff writer (November 24, 1993). "Restaurant Bias Ban Loses". The New York Times. Retrieved May 1, 2012.
Jump up ^ "2008 Corporate Equality Index" (PDF). Human Rights Campaign. 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Corporate Equality Index 2011". Issuu. Human Rights Campaign. October 4, 2010. Retrieved August 5, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Corporate Equality Index 2013" (PDF). Corporate Equality Index. Human Rights Campaign. 2012. Retrieved June 4, 2013.
Jump up ^ Starnes, Todd (December 21, 2013). "Cracker Barrel pulls 'Duck Dynasty' merchandise". Fox News.
Jump up ^ Magary, Drew (January 2014), "What the Duck?", GQ, retrieved 2013-12-23
Jump up ^ Fields, Liz (December 22, 2013). "Cracker Barrel Flipflops on Nixing 'Duck Dynasty' Items From Shelves". ABC News.
Jump up ^ Subramanian, Courtney (December 22, 2013), Cracker Barrel Pulls About Face on "Duck Dynasty" Merchandise, Time, retrieved December 23, 2013
Jump up ^ Kyles, Kyra (December 19, 2013), Duck Dynasty Dad on Blacks, Welfare, Jet, retrieved December 23, 2013, A&E announced Wednesday that Duck Dynasty star Phil Robertson was suspended indefinitely after making disparaging comments about gays and Blacks. [...] We think he may want to leave the topic of race relations out of his duck-summoning mouth.
Jump up ^ Hill, Shelley (October 5, 1999). "NAACP seeks class action in discrimination case against Cracker Barrel". Associated Press. Retrieved February 3, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
^ Jump up to: a b "Cracker Barrel denies it discriminates against black employees". Associated Press. November 4, 1999. Retrieved January 25, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ Poole, Sheila M. (October 16, 1999). "Plaintiffs seek to expand Cracker Barrel wage suit". The Atlanta Journal and Constitution. Retrieved January 25, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
^ Jump up to: a b "Cracker Barrel Hit With $100M Racism Suit". Newsday. December 13, 2001. p. A78. Retrieved February 3, 2012.
Jump up ^ McCampbell, Candy (December 14, 2001). "Patrons accuse Cracker Barrel of bias". The Tennessean. p. 1E. Retrieved January 25, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ Russell, Keith; Bivins, Larry (April 12, 2002). "Executives say racist charges are unfounded". The Tennessean. p. 1E. Retrieved January 25, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
^ Jump up to: a b Schmidt, Julie; Copeland, Larry (May 7, 2004). "Cracker Barrel customer says bias was 'flagrant'". USA Today. Retrieved January 23, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Justice Department Settles Race Discrimination Lawsuit Against Cracker Barrel Restaurant Chain". United States Department of Justice. May 3, 2004. Retrieved January 20, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Cracker Barrel To Pay $2 Million For Race And Sexual Harassment At Three Illinois Restaurants". LawMemo. March 10, 2006. Retrieved January 12, 2012.
Jump up ^ Pallasch, Abdon M. (March 12, 2006). "Cracker Barrel settles Illinois workers' harassment claims". Chicago Sun Times. Retrieved January 23, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ DuPlessis, Jim (October 21, 2006). "Discrimination claims hurt business even if false". The State. p. B8. Retrieved January 25, 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ "Corporate Advisory". texasnaacp.org. Texas Conference of the NAACP. Retrieved February 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Sponsors". NAACP Leadership 500 Summit. NAACP. May 2015. Retrieved February 6, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Allyn, Bobby (August 2, 2011). "Cracker Barrel says 'goodbye, glass ceiling'". The Tennessean. Retrieved February 2, 2012. [permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "Kraft sues Cracker Barrel restaurants over trademark". Chicago Tribune. February 1, 2013. Retrieved February 14, 2013.
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