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Belonging (album)
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Belonging
Studio album by Keith Jarrett
Released
1974
Recorded
April 24-25, 1974
Studio
Arne Bendiksen Studios, Oslo
Genre
Jazz
Length
46:35
Label
ECM
ECM 1050
Producer
Manfred Eicher
Keith Jarrett chronology
Treasure Island
(1973)Treasure Island1973 Belonging
(1974) Luminessence
(1974)Luminessence1974
Belonging is an album by American pianist Keith Jarrett which was released on the ECM label in 1974. It is the first album by Jarrett's 'European Quartet' featuring Jan Garbarek, Palle Danielsson and Jon Christensen. "Long As You Know You're Living Yours" was the subject of a lawsuit between Jarrett and jazz-rock group Steely Dan: Jarrett alleged that the duo's title track from their 1980 album Gaucho had stolen from the song. Co-writer Donald Fagen later admitted he'd loved the song and was strongly influenced by it.[1] Jarrett sued for copyright infringement and was then added as a co-author of the song.
"Long As You Know You're Living Yours" serves as the theme song for CBC Radio's Writers and Company program.
Contents
[hide]
1 Reception
2 Track listing
3 Personnel
4 References
Reception[edit]
Professional ratings
Review scores
Source
Rating
AllMusic [2]
The Penguin Guide to Jazz [3]
The Virgin Encyclopedia of Jazz [4]
The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide [5]
AllMusic reviewer Richard S. Ginell awarded the album 4½ stars, stating, "The record operates at its strongest level when Jarrett locks the quartet into his winning gospel mode on "'Long as You Know You're Living Yours" and the tense drive of "Spiral Dance"; the reflective numbers are less compelling. Still, this LP-turned-CD successfully bucked the powerful electric trends of its time and holds up well today."[2]
Track listing[edit]
All tracks composed by Keith Jarrett.
"Spiral Dance" – 4:11
"Blossom" – 12:15
"'Long as You Know You're Living Yours" – 6:14
"Belonging" – 2:15
"The Windup" – 8:27
"Solstice" – 13:13
Personnel[edit]
Keith Jarrett – piano
Jan Garbarek – tenor saxophone, soprano saxophone
Palle Danielsson – bass
Jon Christensen – drums
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Breskin, David (c. 1980). "Steely Dan (Interview)". Musician Magazine. Archived from the original on March 10, 2007. Retrieved December 21, 2006.
^ Jump up to: a b Ginell, R. AllMusic Review accessed September 12, 2011
Jump up ^ Cook, Richard; Morton, Brian (2008). The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings (9th ed.). Penguin. p. 769. ISBN 978-0-14-103401-0.
Jump up ^ Larkin, Colin (1999). The Virgin Encyclopedia of Jazz. Virgin Books. p. 446.
Jump up ^ Swenson, J. (Editor) (1985). The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide. USA: Random House/Rolling Stone. p. 81. ISBN 0-394-72643-X. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
[hide]
v
t
e
Keith Jarrett
Studio albums
Life Between the Exit Signs (1967)
Restoration Ruin (1968)
Gary Burton & Keith Jarrett (1970)
Ruta and Daitya (1971)
El Juicio (The Judgement) (1971)
Birth (1971)
The Mourning of a Star (1971)
Facing You (1971)
Expectations (1972)
In the Light (1973)
Treasure Island (1974)
Belonging (1974)
Back Hand (1974)
Death and the Flower (1974)
Arbour Zena (1975)
Mysteries (1975)
Shades (1975)
The Survivors' Suite (1976)
Staircase (1976)
Hymns/Spheres (1976)
Byablue (1976)
Bop-Be (1976)
My Song (1977)
Invocations/The Moth and the Flame (1979)
G.I. Gurdjieff: Sacred Hymns (1980)
The Celestial Hawk (1980)
Standards (1983)
Changes (1983)
Spirits (1985)
Book of Ways (1986)
No End (1986)
Bye Bye Blackbird (1991)
Bridge of Light (1993)
The Melody at Night, with You (1998)
Jasmine (2007)
Last Dance (2007)
Live albums
Somewhere Before (1968)
Hamburg '72 (1972)
Solo Concerts: Bremen/Lausanne (1973)
Fort Yawuh (1973)
The Köln Concert (1975)
Sun Bear Concerts (1976)
Eyes of the Heart (1976)
Personal Mountains (1979)
Nude Ants (1979)
Sleeper (1979)
Concerts (1981)
Standards Live (1985)
Still Live (1986)
Paris Concert (1987)
Changeless (1987)
Dark Intervals (1987)
Tribute (1989)
Standards in Norway (1989)
The Cure (1990)
Vienna Concert (1991)
At the Deer Head Inn (1992)
Keith Jarrett at the Blue Note (1994)
La Scala (1995)
A Multitude of Angels (1996)
Tokyo '96 (1996)
Whisper Not (1999)
Inside Out (2000)
Yesterdays (2001)
The Out-of-Towners (2001)
Always Let Me Go (2001)
My Foolish Heart (2001)
Up for It (2002)
Radiance (2002)
The Carnegie Hall Concert (2005)
Paris / London: Testament (2008)
Somewhere (2009)
Rio (2011)
Creation (2014)
Compilation albums
Mysteries: The Impulse Years 1975-1976 (1996)
The Impulse Years: 1973-1974 (1997)
Video albums
Solo Tribute: Keith Jarrett – The 100th Performance in Japan (1987)
Related
Discography
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Belonging_(album)&oldid=800432925"
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Adverse event
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the House episode, see Adverse Events.
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence in a patient or clinical investigation subject administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment. An adverse event (AE) can therefore be any unfavourable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal (investigational) product, whether or not related to the medicinal (investigational) product.[1]
AEs in patients participating in clinical trials must be reported to the study sponsor and if required could be reported to local ethics committee . Adverse events categorized as "serious" ( results in death, illness requiring hospitalization, events deemed life-threatening, results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, a congenital anomaly/birth defect or medically important condition) must be reported to the regulatory authorities immediately, whereas non-serious adverse events are merely documented in the annual summary sent to the regulatory authority.
The sponsor collects AE reports from the local researchers, and notifies all participating sites of the AEs at the other sites, as well as both the local investigators' and the sponsors' judgment of the seriousness of the AEs. This process allows the sponsor and all the local investigators access to a set of data that might suggest potential problems with the study treatment while the study is still ongoing.
Contents
[hide]
1 Types of adverse events
2 Reporting of adverse events
3 Grades of AE
4 Database of adverse events
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Types of adverse events[edit]
All clinical trials have the potential to produce AEs. AEs are classified as serious or non-serious; expected or unexpected; and study-related, possibly study-related, or not study-related.
For example, while a study that tests the effectiveness of a new blood pressure cuff for a period of 10 minutes might seem innocuous, the potential exists for the patient's skin to be irritated by the device. Patients in that study might also die during that 10-minute period. Both skin irritation and sudden death would be considered AEs. In this case, the skin irritation would be classified as not serious, unexpected, and possibly study-related. The death would be classified as serious and unexpected (unless the patient was already at death's door). The local researcher would use his/her medical judgment to determine whether the death could have been related to the study device.
Both the skin irritation and the death are unexpected events, and should alert the researcher to the potential existence of a problem with the device (for instance, it could have malfunctioned and shocked the patient). The researcher would report these AEs to the local Institutional Review Board and to the sponsor, and await direction on whether to stop the study. If the researcher feels there is an imminent danger posed by the device, he or she can use medical discretion to stop patients from participating in the study.
An adverse event can also be declared in the normal treatment of a patient which is suspected of being caused by the medication being taken or a medical device used in the treatment of the patient.
In Australia, 'Adverse EVENT' refers generically to medical errors of all kinds, surgical, medical or nursing related. The most recent available official study (1995) indicated 18,000 deaths per year are a result of hospital care. The Medical Error Action Group is lobbying for legislation to improve the reporting of AEs and through quality control, minimize the needless deaths.
Reporting of adverse events[edit]
Main article: Monitoring in clinical trials
Researchers participating in a clinical trial must report all adverse events to the drug regulatory authority of the respective country where the drug or device is to be registered [e.g. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) if it is US]. Serious AEs must be reported immediately; minor AEs are 'bundled' by the sponsor and submitted later.
Grades of AE[edit]
Clinical trial results often report the number of grade 3 and grade 4 adverse events. Grades are defined:[2]
Grade 1 Mild AE
Grade 2 Moderate AE
Grade 3 Severe AE
Grade 4 Life-threatening or disabling AE
Grade 5 Death related to AE
Database of adverse events[edit]
The FDA provides a database for reporting of adverse events called the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience Database (MAUDE)[1]. The data consist of voluntary reports since June 1993, user facility reports since 1991, distributor reports since 1993, and manufacturer reports since August 1996, and is open for public view. Two private companies have also recently started providing access to analyzed adverse event information: Clarimed provides adverse event information for medical devices and AdverseEvents provides adverse event data for drugs.
See also[edit]
Clinical trial
Good clinical practice (GCP)
Data monitoring committees
Serious adverse event
Adverse effect
Adverse drug reaction
Pharmacovigilance
EudraVigilance (European Union)
Directive 2001/20/EC (European Union)
Adverse Event Reporting System
References[edit]
Jump up ^ ICH GCP
Jump up ^ Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events
External links[edit]
ClinicalTrials.gov from US National Library of Medicine
ICH Website
FDA Website
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