text:
Chief Election Commissioner of India
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Chief Election Commissioner of India
Incumbent
Achal Kumar Jyoti
since 6 July 2017[1]
Election Commission of India
Nominator
Government of India
Appointer
President of India
Term length
6 yrs or up to 65 yrs of age
(whichever is earlier)
Deputy
Election Commissioners of India
Deputy Election Commissioners of India
Salary
₹90,000 (US$1,400) per month[2][3]
Website
Election Commission of India
Republic of India
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
India
Union Government[show]
Constitution of India
Fundamental rights
Executive:
President
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Civil Services of India
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Supreme Court of India
Chief Justice of India
High Courts
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Elections[show]
Election Commission:
Chief Election Commissioner
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The Chief Election Commissioner heads the Election Commission of India, a body constitutionally empowered to conduct free and fair elections to the national and state legislatures. Chief Election Commissioner of India is usually a member of the Indian Civil Service and mostly from the Indian Administrative Service. It is very difficult to remove the authority of the Chief Election Commissioner once elected by the president, as two-thirds of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha need to vote against him for disorderly conduct or improper actions.
Despite the recent[when?] changes in the hierarchy, the system always had powers to impose unambiguous rules and guidelines that applied across the entire nation e.g. as to how the ballots will be cast and counted, what will be regarded as 'unqualified' vote. India was probably one of the first countries in the World to go for a completely electronic ballot in the last elections.[when?] What made this remarkable was that the Office of the Chief Election Commissioner had successfully implemented this across the entire diverse Indian population that also consisted of the rural illiterate people.
While the office has always been an important one in the machinery of the Indian political process, it gained significant public attention during the tenure of T.N. Seshan, from 1990 to 1996. Seshan is widely credited[by whom?] with undertaking a zealous effort to end corruption and manipulation in Indian elections. Though he made significant progress, several politicians attempted to derail these efforts. In particular, the expansion of the Election Commission to include the two Election Commissioners (in addition to the Chief Commissioner) was seen as a move to curtail the commissioner's ability to act aggressively.
Contents
[hide]
1 Suggested reforms
2 Compensation
3 Chief Election Commissioners
4 References
Suggested reforms[edit]
In June 2012, Lal Krishna Advani, a veteran Indian politician and former Deputy Prime Minister of India (as well as former Leader of the Opposition in Indian Parliament),[4] suggested that appointment of CEC (as well as the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG)) should be made by a bipartisan collegium consisting of the Prime Minister, the Chief Justice, the Law Minister and the Leaders of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.[5][6] Subsequently, M Karunanidhi, the head of Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) party and five times Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu[7] supported the suggestion. Advani made this demand to remove any impression of bias or lack of transparency and fairness because, according to him, the current system was open to "manipulation and partisanship".[5][6] Similar demand was made by many former CEC's such as B B Tandon, N Gopalaswamy and S Y Quraishi.[8][9]
Compensation[edit]
By the "Election Commission (Condition Of Service Of Election Commissions And Transaction Of Business) Act, 1991", the salary of the chief election commissioner is the same as salary of a Judge of Supreme Court of India.[2]
Salary of Chief Election Commissioner
Date
Salary
1 January 2006 ₹90,000 (US$1,400) monthly [2][3]
Chief Election Commissioners[edit]
The following have held the post of the Chief Election Commissioner of India.[10]
List of Chief Election Commissioners
No.
Name
Took office
Left office
1 Sukumar Sen 21 March 1950 19 December 1958
2 Kalyan Sundaram 20 December 1958 30 September 1967
3 SP Sen Verma 1 October 1967 30 September 1972
4 Nagendra Singh 1 October 1972 6 February 1973
5 T. Swaminathan 7 February 1973 17 June 1977
6 S. L. Shakdhar 18 June 1977 17 June 1982
7 R. K. Trivedi 18 June 1982 31 December 1985
8 R. V. S. Peri Sastri 1 January 1986 25 November 1990
9 V. S. Ramadevi 26 November 1990 11 December 1990
10 T. N. Seshan 12 December 1990 11 December 1996
11 M. S. Gill 12 December 1996 13 June 2001
12 J. M. Lyngdoh 14 June 2001 7 February 2004
13 T. S. Krishnamurthy 8 February 2004 15 May 2005
14 B. B. Tandon 16 May 2005 29 June 2006
15 N. Gopalaswami 30 June 2006 20 April 2009
16 Navin Chawla 21 April 2009 29 July 2010
17 S. Y. Quraishi 30 July 2010 10 June 2012
18 V. S. Sampath 11 June 2012 15 January 2015
19 H. S. Brahma 16 January 2015 18 April 2015
20 Nasim Zaidi 19 April 2015[11] 5 July 2017
21 Achal Kumar Jyoti 6 July 2017[12] Incumbent
References[edit]
Jump up ^ PTI. "Achal K. Jyoti takes over as new Election Commissioner". TheHindu.com. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Election Commission (Condition Of Service Of Election Commissions And Transaction Of Business) Act, 1991". Vakil No. 1. Archived from the original on 23 January 2013. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "The High Court and Supreme Court Judges Salaries and Conditions of Service Amendment Bill 2008" (PDF). PRS India.
Jump up ^ "Members Bioprofile". Lok Sabha of India/National Informatics Centre, New Delhi. Archived from the original on 29 April 2011. Retrieved 27 April 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "Karunanidhi backs Advani's view on collegium to appoint CAG, EC". Times of India. 5 Jun 2012. Retrieved 5 October 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Karunanidhi backs Advani's plea for collegium". The Hindu. Chennai. 5 June 2012. Retrieved 5 October 2012.
Jump up ^ "DMK's Official Homepage-Chennai-Tamilnadu-India 800x600 screen resolution". Dmk.in. 9 December 2011. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
Jump up ^ "Collegium needed to select EC: SY Quraishi". The Times of India. July 16, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Ex-CECs backed collegium, Law Ministry not too keen". Indian Express. 10 Jun 2012. Retrieved 5 October 2012.
Jump up ^ "Previous Chief Election Commissioners". Election Commission of India. Archived from the original on 21 November 2008.
Jump up ^ "Election Commission of India". ECI.nic.in. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Achal Kumar Joti is next Chief Election Commissioner of India". ToI. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
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text:
John Carpenter (game show contestant)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
John Carpenter
Born
1968 (age 49–50)
Education
Rutgers University
Occupation
IRS agent
Known for
First top prize winner on Who Wants to Be a Millionaire
Home town
Northampton, Massachusetts
John Carpenter (born c. 1968)[1] is an American game show contestant and IRS agent. He is best known for becoming the first top prize winner on the United States version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire. He held the record for the largest single win in United States game show history, until it was broken by Rahim Oberholtzer who won $1.12 million on another U.S. quiz show, Twenty One.[2] Carpenter was also the first top prize winner among all international versions of the Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? series.
On the November 19, 1999 episode of Millionaire, Carpenter proceeded to advance to the million-dollar question without using any lifelines. He then used his Phone-A-Friend to call his father not for help, but rather to tell him he was going to win the game. Carpenter answered the question correctly and became the show's first millionaire. His win gave him national recognition and led to multiple talk show appearances, as well as reappearances on Millionaire itself.
Contents
[hide]
1 Career and family
2 Who Wants to Be a Millionaire
3 Later work
3.1 Other game show appearances
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Career and family[edit]
Carpenter is from Northampton, Massachusetts. His father, Tom, worked as a computer program analyst for the Department of Veterans Affairs, while his mother, Gail, served as an administrative assistant for the Massachusetts Audubon Society.[3] In 1986, he enrolled at Rutgers University and graduated in 1990 with a degree in economics.[4] In January 1991, he joined the Internal Revenue Service after completing government exams and tests.[3] In November 1996, Carpenter met his future wife, Deborah, who was studying for a master's degree at Southern Connecticut State University and worked as a manager of a Fleet Bank branch in New Haven. They married in August 1998.[3] At the time of his appearance on Millionaire, he was 31 years old.[5] When he revealed his profession as an IRS officer on Millionaire, Carpenter was playfully booed by the audience.[6]
Who Wants to Be a Millionaire[edit]
$1 million (15 of 15) - no time limit
Which of these U.S. Presidents appeared on the television series "Laugh-In"?
• A: Lyndon Johnson • B: Richard Nixon
• C: Jimmy Carter • D: Gerald Ford
Carpenter was originally uninterested in Millionaire but eventually tuned in one night after dinner while having friends over at his house. When he found the show's higher-tier questions to not be, in his words, "any more difficult" than the lower-tier ones, he decided to call in to the show's hotline for a chance to become a contestant.[7] Carpenter answered all of the hotline questions correctly and was on the show within two days.[7]
Host Regis Philbin described Carpenter as having "cruised right through those first fourteen questions,"[7] he had proceeded to reach the final question without using any of his lifelines. The $1 million question was, "Which of these U.S. Presidents appeared on the television series 'Laugh-In'?", with the choices being A) Lyndon Johnson, B) Richard Nixon, C) Jimmy Carter, and D) Gerald Ford.[8] Carpenter used his Phone-A-Friend lifeline to call his father not for help, but rather to inform him that he knew the answer. Carpenter later explained, "I thought I'd look so cocky if I didn't use any lifelines, so I faked it."[8]
With his win, Carpenter became the first contestant in the worldwide Millionaire franchise to win the show's top prize.[9] He said that the only question that had flustered him was one which asked for the location of the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral. Carpenter eventually remembered that the film Tombstone included the gunfight, and he replied correctly with the answer 'Tombstone, Arizona'.[4] While taking a vacation after his win, Carpenter considered quitting his job with the IRS, but eventually decided against it. He explained to Kiplinger's Personal Finance that "after the taxes, it's not change-your-life kind of money if you want to eat every day."[10] Carpenter also described the fame as having a bigger impact on his life than the money, later stating: "The money doesn't change your life. What happens afterwards might."[11]
Later work[edit]
Shortly after winning on Millionaire, Carpenter played himself in a Saturday Night Live skit.[11] Donald Trump, played by Darrell Hammond, announced that Carpenter would be his running-mate in the presidential election. Afterward, Carpenter pretended to call his father, then shouted, "Live from New York, it's Saturday Night!" Carpenter also appeared on Good Morning America, Oprah Winfrey Show, Live with Regis and Kathie Lee, and Late Show with David Letterman.[11][12]
Carpenter appeared as himself in the second half of the fourth season of Oz.[11] He plays a contestant in a fictional TV game show called Up Your Ante that the prisoners in Em City are watching. The show within the show is hosted by Gordon Elliott, with Eartha Kitt and Didi Conn appearing as celebrity participants.[13]
With Rod L. Evans, Carpenter co-authored a trivia book titled Matching Wits With the Million-Dollar Mind: The World's Hardest Trivia Quizzes From America's First Quiz Show Millionaire. The book was published by Berkley Books in 2002.[14]
Other game show appearances[edit]
In 2000, Carpenter appeared in the Who Wants to Be a Millionaire Champions Edition, in which previous contestants who won $250,000–$1,000,000 played again, with half of their additional winnings from the Champions Edition going to a charity of their choice.[15] Carpenter won $250,000,[16] bringing his total Millionaire winnings to $1,250,000. In 2004, Carpenter participated in Super Millionaire, as one of the "Three Wise Men" on the episode during which Robert "Bob-O" Essig won $1,000,000.[17]
He later participated as part of the Mob on NBC's 1 vs. 100 on October 27, 2006,[18] and as a contestant on the Game Show Network game show Grand Slam.[19] Carpenter appeared on the August 16, 2009 episode of Millionaire in prime time for its tenth anniversary.[20] In the audience with him were his father, his wife, and his son.[21] Additionally, he was also the first expert in the "Ask the Expert" lifeline for the eighth season of the syndicated series.[22]
See also[edit]
Biography portal
List of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? top prize winners
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Millionaire Makeovers!". People. Vol. 54 no. 20. Time Inc. November 13, 2000. Archived from the original on September 11, 2015. Retrieved July 8, 2015.
Jump up ^ Petrozello, Donna (February 3, 2000). "Million-plu$ reply an educated guess". New York Daily News. p. 101.
^ Jump up to: a b c Jerome, Jim (December 6, 1999). "Many Happy Returns". People. Vol. 52 no. 22. Time Inc. Archived from the original on September 30, 2015. Retrieved July 7, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Rosenthal, Phil (November 20, 1999). "Contestant wins $1 million". Chicago Sun Times. p. 30.
Jump up ^ Taylor, Frances Grandy (November 20, 1999). "Final answer? Quiz show: a million to 1 taxman". Hartford Courant. p. A1.
Jump up ^ Bianculli, David (November 22, 1999). "Cool million makes red-hot TV". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on September 11, 2009. Retrieved September 6, 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire". Gameshow Hall of Fame. GSN. January 21, 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b Vigoda, Arlene (November 22, 1999). "Million-dollar winner untaxed by celebrity". USA Today. Gannett Company. p. 1D.
Jump up ^ "Taxman scoops a million". BBC News. November 21, 1999. Archived from the original on June 21, 2015. Retrieved August 1, 2014.
Jump up ^ Davis, Kristin (November 2000). "I'm Rich! (Now what?)". Kiplinger's Personal Finance. pp. 93–94.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Duca, Lauren (August 15, 2014). "The Final Answer On Who Wants To Be A Millionaire?, 15 Years After It Premiered". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on August 22, 2015. Retrieved July 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ de Moraes, Lisa (November 23, 1999). "Drab 'Millionaire' Winner Emerges as a Media Animal". The Washington Post. p. C07.
Jump up ^ Moore, Frazier (January 6, 2001). "Wizard of 'Oz' lives with permanent reminder of gritty show". The San Diego Union Tribune. p. E6.
Jump up ^ "Matching Wits with the Million-Dollar Mind : The World;s Hardest Trivia Quizzes from America's First Quiz Show Millionaire". The Book Depository. Archived from the original on October 25, 2015. Retrieved October 24, 2015.
Jump up ^ Deggans, Eric (May 12, 2000). "Miami 'Millionaire' gets 2nd shot at final answer". St. Petersburg Times. Archived from the original on April 5, 2008. Retrieved October 9, 2014.
Jump up ^ Bracht, Mel (May 26, 2000). "Money isn't the root of happiness: Tulsan has more fun in 2nd Millionaire gig". NewsOK. Oklahoma Publishing Company. Archived from the original on March 13, 2017. Retrieved October 9, 2014.
Jump up ^ Super Millionaire. Season 1. Episode 2. February 23, 2004. ABC.
Jump up ^ 1 vs. 100. Season 1. Episode 3. October 27, 2006. NBC.
Jump up ^ Owen, Rob (August 2, 2007). "Dennis Miller rallies around game show all-stars". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. p. WE-33.
Jump up ^ Grosvenor, Carrie (July 27, 2009). "Millionaire Experts, Former Contestants Announced". About.com. About Entertainment. Archived from the original on August 2, 2009. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
Jump up ^ Who Wants to Be a Millionaire: 10th Anniversary Celebration. Episode 6. August 16, 2009. ABC.
Jump up ^ Who Wants to Be a Millionaire. Season 8. Episode 1. September 7, 2009. Syndicated.
External links[edit]
John Carpenter on IMDb
Honorary titles
Preceded by
First Millionaire Top prize winner on
Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (U.S.)
November 19, 1999 Succeeded by
Dan Blonsky
Preceded by
Michael Shutterly All-time American game show winnings leader
1999–2000 Succeeded by
Rahim Oberholtzer
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Carpenter_(game_show_contestant)&oldid=825631285"
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Glycogen
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This article needs more medical references for verification or relies too heavily on primary sources. Please review the contents of the article and add the appropriate references if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2015)
Schematic two-dimensional cross-sectional view of glycogen: A core protein of glycogenin is surrounded by branches of glucose units. The entire globular granule may contain around 30,000 glucose units.[1]
A view of the atomic structure of a single branched strand of glucose units in a glycogen molecule.
Glycogen (black granules) in spermatozoa of a flatworm; transmission electron microscopy, scale: 0.3 µm
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in humans,[2] animals,[3] fungi, and bacteria.[citation needed] The polysaccharide structure represents the main storage form of glucose in the body.
Glycogen functions as one of two forms of long-term energy reserves, with the other form being triglyceride stores in adipose tissue (i.e., body fat). In humans, glycogen is made and stored primarily in the cells of the liver and skeletal muscle.[2][4] In the liver, glycogen can make up from 5–6% of the organ's fresh weight and the liver of an adult weighing 70 kg can store roughly 100–120 grams of glycogen.[2][5] In skeletal muscle, glycogen is found in a low concentration (1–2% of the muscle mass) and the skeletal muscle of an adult weighing 70 kg can store roughly 400 grams of glycogen.[2] The amount of glycogen stored in the body—particularly within the muscles and liver—mostly depends on physical training, basal metabolic rate, and eating habits. Small amounts of glycogen are also found in other tissues and cells, including the kidneys, red blood cells,[6][7][8] white blood cells,[medical citation needed] and glial cells in the brain.[9] The uterus also stores glycogen during pregnancy to nourish the embryo.[10]
Approximately 4 grams of glucose are present in the blood of humans at all times;[2] in fasted individuals, blood glucose is maintained constant at this level at the expense of glycogen stores in the liver and skeletal muscle.[2] Glycogen stores in skeletal muscle serve as a form of energy storage for the muscle itself;[2] however, the breakdown of muscle glycogen impedes muscle glucose uptake, thereby increasing the amount of blood glucose available for use in other tissues.[2] Liver glycogen stores serve as a store of glucose for use throughout the body, particularly the central nervous system.[2] The human brain consumes approximately 60% of blood glucose in fasted, sedentary individuals.[2]
Glycogen is the analogue of starch, a glucose polymer that functions as energy storage in plants. It has a structure similar to amylopectin (a component of starch), but is more extensively branched and compact than starch. Both are white powders in their dry state. Glycogen is found in the form of granules in the cytosol/cytoplasm in many cell types, and plays an important role in the glucose cycle. Glycogen forms an energy reserve that can be quickly mobilized to meet a sudden need for glucose, but one that is less compact than the energy reserves of triglycerides (lipids).
Contents
[hide]
1 Structure
2 Functions
2.1 Liver
2.2 Muscle
3 History
4 Metabolism
4.1 Synthesis
4.2 Breakdown
5 Clinical relevance
5.1 Disorders of glycogen metabolism
5.2 Glycogen depletion and endurance exercise
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Structure[edit]
1,4-α-glycosidic linkages in the glycogen oligomer
1,4-α-glycosidic and 1,6-glycosidic linkages in the glycogen oligomer
Glycogen is a branched biopolymer consisting of linear chains of glucose residues with an average chain length of approximately 8–12 glucose units[11]. Glucose units are linked together linearly by α(1→4) glycosidic bonds from one glucose to the next. Branches are linked to the chains from which they are branching off by α(1→6) glycosidic bonds between the first glucose of the new branch and a glucose on the stem chain.[12]
Due to the way glycogen is synthesised, every glycogen granule has at its core a glycogenin protein.[13]
Glycogen in muscle, liver, and fat cells is stored in a hydrated form, composed of three or four parts of water per part of glycogen associated with 0.45 millimoles (18 mg) of potassium per gram of glycogen.[4]
Functions[edit]
Liver[edit]
As a meal containing carbohydrates or protein is eaten and digested, blood glucose levels rise, and the pancreas secretes insulin. Blood glucose from the portal vein enters liver cells (hepatocytes). Insulin acts on the hepatocytes to stimulate the action of several enzymes, including glycogen synthase. Glucose molecules are added to the chains of glycogen as long as both insulin and glucose remain plentiful. In this postprandial or "fed" state, the liver takes in more glucose from the blood than it releases.
After a meal has been digested and glucose levels begin to fall, insulin secretion is reduced, and glycogen synthesis stops. When it is needed for energy, glycogen is broken down and converted again to glucose. Glycogen phosphorylase is the primary enzyme of glycogen breakdown. For the next 8–12 hours, glucose derived from liver glycogen is the primary source of blood glucose used by the rest of the body for fuel.
Glucagon, another hormone produced by the pancreas, in many respects serves as a countersignal to insulin. In response to insulin levels being below normal (when blood levels of glucose begin to fall below the normal range), glucagon is secreted in increasing amounts and stimulates both glycogenolysis (the breakdown of glycogen) and gluconeogenesis (the production of glucose from other sources).
Muscle[edit]
Muscle cell glycogen appears to function as an immediate reserve source of available glucose for muscle cells. Other cells that contain small amounts use it locally, as well. As muscle cells lack glucose-6-phosphatase, which is required to pass glucose into the blood, the glycogen they store is available solely for internal use and is not shared with other cells. This is in contrast to liver cells, which, on demand, readily do break down their stored glycogen into glucose and send it through the blood stream as fuel for other organs.[14]
History[edit]
Glycogen was discovered by Claude Bernard. His experiments showed that the liver contained a substance that could give rise to reducing sugar by the action of a "ferment" in the liver. By 1857, he described the isolation of a substance he called "la matière glycogène", or "sugar-forming substance". Soon after the discovery of glycogen in the liver, A. Sanson found that muscular tissue also contains glycogen. The empirical formula for glycogen of (C
6H
10O
5)n was established by Kekule in 1858.[15]
Metabolism[edit]
Synthesis[edit]
Main article: Glycogenesis
Glycogen synthesis is, unlike its breakdown, endergonic—it requires the input of energy. Energy for glycogen synthesis comes from uridine triphosphate (UTP), which reacts with glucose-1-phosphate, forming UDP-glucose, in a reaction catalysed by UTP—glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase. Glycogen is synthesized from monomers of UDP-glucose initially by the protein glycogenin, which has two tyrosine anchors for the reducing end of glycogen, since glycogenin is a homodimer. After about eight glucose molecules have been added to a tyrosine residue, the enzyme glycogen synthase progressively lengthens the glycogen chain using UDP-glucose, adding α(1→4)-bonded glucose. The glycogen branching enzyme catalyzes the transfer of a terminal fragment of six or seven glucose residues from a nonreducing end to the C-6 hydroxyl group of a glucose residue deeper into the interior of the glycogen molecule. The branching enzyme can act upon only a branch having at least 11 residues, and the enzyme may transfer to the same glucose chain or adjacent glucose chains.
Breakdown[edit]
Main article: Glycogenolysis
Glycogen is cleaved from the nonreducing ends of the chain by the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase to produce monomers of glucose-1-phosphate:
In vivo, phosphorolysis proceeds in the direction of glycogen breakdown because the ratio of phosphate and glucose-1-phosphate is usually greater than 100.[16] Glucose-1-phosphate is then converted to glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) by phosphoglucomutase. A special debranching enzyme is needed to remove the α(1-6) branches in branched glycogen and reshape the chain into a linear polymer. The G6P monomers produced have three possible fates:
G6P can continue on the glycolysis pathway and be used as fuel.
G6P can enter the pentose phosphate pathway via the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase to produce NADPH and 5-carbon sugars.
In the liver and kidney, G6P can be dephosphorylated back to glucose by the enzyme glucose 6-phosphatase. This is the final step in the gluconeogenesis pathway.
Clinical relevance[edit]
Disorders of glycogen metabolism[edit]
The most common disease in which glycogen metabolism becomes abnormal is diabetes, in which, because of abnormal amounts of insulin, liver glycogen can be abnormally accumulated or depleted. Restoration of normal glucose metabolism usually normalizes glycogen metabolism, as well.
In hypoglycemia caused by excessive insulin, liver glycogen levels are high, but the high insulin levels prevent the glycogenolysis necessary to maintain normal blood sugar levels. Glucagon is a common treatment for this type of hypoglycemia.
Various inborn errors of metabolism are caused by deficiencies of enzymes necessary for glycogen synthesis or breakdown. These are collectively referred to as glycogen storage diseases.
Glycogen depletion and endurance exercise[edit]
See also: Central nervous system fatigue
Long-distance athletes, such as marathon runners, cross-country skiers, and cyclists, often experience glycogen depletion, where almost all of the athlete's glycogen stores are depleted after long periods of exertion without sufficient carbohydrate consumption. This phenomenon is referred to as "hitting the wall".
Glycogen depletion can be forestalled in three possible ways. First, during exercise, carbohydrates with the highest possible rate of conversion to blood glucose (high glycemic index) are ingested continuously. The best possible outcome of this strategy replaces about 35% of glucose consumed at heart rates above about 80% of maximum. Second, through endurance training adaptations and specialized regimens (e.g. fasting low-intensity endurance training), the body can condition type I muscle fibers to improve both fuel use efficiency and workload capacity to increase the percentage of fatty acids used as fuel,[17][18][citation needed] sparing carbohydrate use from all sources. Third, by consuming large quantities of carbohydrates after depleting glycogen stores as a result of exercise or diet, the body can increase storage capacity of intramuscular glycogen stores.[19][20][21] This process is known as carbohydrate loading. In general, glycemic index of carbohydrate source does not matter since muscular insulin sensitivity is increased as a result of temporary glycogen depletion.[22][23]
When experiencing glycogen debt, athletes often experience extreme fatigue to the point that it is difficult to move. As a reference, the very best professional cyclists in the world will usually finish a 4- to 5-hr stage race right at the limit of glycogen depletion using the first three strategies.
When athletes ingest both carbohydrate and caffeine following exhaustive exercise, their glycogen stores tend to be replenished more rapidly;[24][25][26] however, the minimum dose of caffeine at which there is a clinically significant effect on glycogen repletion has not been established.[26]
See also[edit]
Chitin
Peptidoglycan
References[edit]
Jump up ^ William D. McArdle; Frank I. Katch; Victor L. Katch (2006). Exercise physiology: energy, nutrition, and human performance (6 ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 12. ISBN 978-0-7817-4990-9.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Wasserman DH (January 2009). "Four grams of glucose". American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism. 296 (1): E11–21. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.90563.2008. PMC 2636990  . PMID 18840763. Four grams of glucose circulates in the blood of a person weighing 70 kg. This glucose is critical for normal function in many cell types. In accordance with the importance of these 4 g of glucose, a sophisticated control system is in place to maintain blood glucose constant. Our focus has been on the mechanisms by which the flux of glucose from liver to blood and from blood to skeletal muscle is regulated. ... The brain consumes ∼60% of the blood glucose used in the sedentary, fasted person. ... The amount of glucose in the blood is preserved at the expense of glycogen reservoirs (Fig. 2). In postabsorptive humans, there are ∼100 g of glycogen in the liver and ∼400 g of glycogen in muscle. Carbohydrate oxidation by the working muscle can go up by ∼10-fold with exercise, and yet after 1 h, blood glucose is maintained at ∼4 g.
Jump up ^ Sadava; et al. (2011). Life (9th, International ed.). W. H. Freeman. ISBN 9781429254311.
^ Jump up to: a b Kreitzman SN, Coxon AY, Szaz KF (1992). "Glycogen storage: illusions of easy weight loss, excessive weight regain, and distortions in estimates of body composition" (PDF). The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 56 (1 Suppl): 292s–93s. PMID 1615908.
Jump up ^ Guyton, Arthur C.; John Edward Hall (2011). Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology. New York, New York: Saunders/Elsevier. ISBN 978-5-98657-013-6.
Jump up ^ Moses SW, Bashan N, Gutman A (December 1972). "Glycogen metabolism in the normal red blood cell". Blood. 40 (6): 836–43. PMID 5083874.
Jump up ^ Ingermann RL, Virgin GL (1987). "Glycogen content and release of glucose from red blood cells of the sipunculan worm themiste dyscrita" (PDF). J Exp Biol. 129: 141–9.
Jump up ^ Miwa I, Suzuki S (November 2002). "An improved quantitative assay of glycogen in erythrocytes". Annals of Clinical Biochemistry. 39 (Pt 6): 612–13. doi:10.1258/000456302760413432. PMID 12564847.
Jump up ^ Oe Y, Baba O, Ashida H, Nakamura KC, Hirase H (June 2016). "Glycogen distribution in the microwave-fixed mouse brain reveals heterogeneous astrocytic patterns". Glia. 64 (9): 1532–45. doi:10.1002/glia.23020. PMC 5094520  . PMID 27353480.
Jump up ^ Campbell, Neil A.; Brad Williamson; Robin J. Heyden (2006). Biology: Exploring Life. Boston: Pearson Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-250882-6.
Jump up ^ Manners, D. J. Carbohydr. Polym. 1991, 16, 37.
Jump up ^ Berg, Tymoczko & Stryer (2012). Biochemistry (7th, International ed.). W. H. Freeman. p. 338. ISBN 1429203145.
Jump up ^ Berg; et al. (2012). Biochemistry (7th, International ed.). W. H. Freeman. p. 650.
Jump up ^ "Glycogen Biosynthesis; Glycogen Breakdown". oregonstate.edu. Retrieved 2018-02-28.
Jump up ^ F. G. Young (1957). "Claude Bernard and the Discovery of Glycogen". British Medical Journal. 1 (5033 (Jun. 22, 1957)): 1431–37. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5033.1431. JSTOR 25382898.
Jump up ^ Stryer, L. (1988) Biochemistry, 3rd ed., Freeman (p. 451)
Jump up ^ http://www.bodyrecomposition.com/training/methods-of-endurance-training-part-1.html
Jump up ^ http://www.bodyrecomposition.com/fat-loss/qa-steady-state-vs-tempo-training-and-fat-loss.html
Jump up ^ McDonald, Lyle. "Research Review: An In-Depth Look Into Carbing Up On The Cyclical Ketogenic Diet". Retrieved 19 February 2017.
Jump up ^ McDonald, Lyle. The Ketogenic Diet: A Complete Guide for the Dieter and the Practitioner. Lyle McDonald, 1998
Jump up ^ "Costill DL et. al. Muscle glycogen utilization during prolonged exercise on successive days. J Appl Physiol (1971) 31: 834–38."
Jump up ^ Glycogen depletion and increased insulin sensitivity and responsiveness in muscle after exerciseAm J Physiol Endocrinol MetabDecember 1, 1986 251:(6) E664–69
Jump up ^ McDonald, Lyle. The Ultimate Diet 2.0. Lyle McDonald, 2003
Jump up ^ Pedersen DJ, Lessard SJ, Coffey VG, et al. (July 2008). "High rates of muscle glycogen resynthesis after exhaustive exercise when carbohydrate is coingested with caffeine". Journal of Applied Physiology (Original article). 105 (1): 7–13. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01121.2007. PMID 18467543.
Jump up ^ Gaudet, Laura; Jackson, Allen; Streitz, Carmyn; McIntire, Kyle; McDaniel, Larry. "The Effects Of Caffeine On Athletic Performance". Clute Institute. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Beelen M, Burke LM, Gibala MJ, van Loon L JC (December 2010). "Nutritional strategies to promote postexercise recovery". International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 20 (6): 515–32. doi:10.1123/ijsnem.20.6.515. PMID 21116024.
External links[edit]
Glycogen storage disease – McArdle's Disease Website
Glycogen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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text:
Project Mc2
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 26 April 2018.
Jump to: navigation, search
Project Mc2
Genre
Comedy
Educational
Created by
Jordana Arkin
Starring
Mika Abdalla
Ysa Penarejo
Victoria Vida
Genneya Walton
Antonio Marziale
Marcus Choi
Madeline Whitby
Bernardo De Paula
Troy Fromin
Oliver Vaquer
Danica McKellar
Alyssa Lynch
Belle Shouse
Maddie Phillips
Theme music composer
Gabriel Mann
Jeannie Lurie
Ending theme
"Project Mc2"
by Allie Feder
Composer(s)
Joe Johnson
William Kevin Anderson
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
6
No. of episodes
26
Production
Executive producer(s)
Isaac Larian
Brian Robbins
Shauna Phelan
Joe Davola
Brett Bouttier
Jordana Arkin
Michael Younesi
Producer(s)
Sadaf Cohen Muncy
Scott Levine
Location(s)
Los Angeles
Vancouver
Cinematography
Barry Norwood
Vincent De Paula
Running time
24–29 minutes
Production company(s)
AwesomenessTV
MGA Entertainment
Katlin/Bernstein Productions
Release
Original network
Netflix
Picture format
1080p (HDTV), 2.39:1
Audio format
Dolby Digital 5.1
Original release
August 7, 2015 (2015-08-07)
External links
Website
Project Mc2 (pronounced Project MC-squared [1]) is an American web television series produced by DreamWorks Animation's AwesomenessTV and MGA Entertainment for Netflix. The series was first released on August 7, 2015.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast and characters
2.1 Main
2.2 Recurring
3 Episodes
3.1 Series overview
3.2 Part 1 (2015)
3.3 Part 2 (2016)
3.4 Part 3 (2016)
3.5 Part 4 (2017)
3.6 Part 5 (2017)
3.7 Part 6 (2017)
4 Production
5 Notes
6 References
7 External links
Plot[edit]
The series is set in a fictional city called Maywood Glen, California, it revolves around the fields of STEAM, and the adventures of McKeyla McAlister and her best friends, who work for a government organization called NOV8 (pronounced "innovate"), a highly secretive group of teenage female government operatives who are trying to protect the world.
Cast and characters[edit]
Main[edit]
Mika Abdalla as McKeyla McAlister, the lead girl and an agent of NOV8. At the beginning of Part 4, she was given the name "The Owl".
Ysa Penarejo as Camryn Coyle, the engineer with a high IQ
Victoria Vida as Adrienne Attoms, the culinary chemist from Spain[2] who always wears high heels
Genneya Walton as Bryden Bandweth, the tech junkie of the group
Antonio Marziale as Prince Xander (main: Part 1, recurring: Part 4)
Marcus Choi (main: Part 1) and Ash Lee (recurring: Part 5) as Charles Coyle
Madeline Whitby as Jillian (Part 1)
Bernardo De Paula as Defector (Part 1)
Troy Fromin as George the Security Guard (Part 1)
Oliver Vaquer as Francois (Part 1)
Danica McKellar as the Quail (Parts 1–2, 4–6), the group's chief intelligence agent in NOV8[3] and McKeyla's mother[4]
Alyssa Lynch (main: Parts 2–4[note 1]) and Maddie Phillips (recurring: Part 5) as Devon D'Marco
Belle Shouse as Ember Evergreen (Parts 2–6)
Recurring[edit]
Jonathon Buckley as Henry (Part 1)
Melissa Mabie as A.D.I.S.N. (voice), McKeyla's talking notebook. Her name is short for "Advanced Digital Intelligence Spy Notebook".[5] It is pronounced as "Addison".
Johanna Newmarch as Carson Lazarus (Parts 2–3)
Ty Wood as Justin (Parts 2–3)
Maxwell Haynes as Kyle (Parts 2–6)
Adrian Petriw as Retro (voice; Part 2)
Kurt Evans as Assistant Principal Wilson (Part 2)
Vanessa Parise as the Falcon (Part 3), McKeyla's aunt Montana[6] who is also a substitute for the Quail while she's off the grid
Sarah Desjardins as Maddy McAlister (Parts 3–4, 6), McKeyla's big sister. At the beginning of Part 4, she was given the name "The Nighthawk".
Adam Beauchesne as Simon Temple (Part 3)
Emily Delahunty as Tessa (Part 5)
Houston Stevenson as Zach (Parts 5–6)
Jody Thompson as Jenny Wallis (Part 5)
Catherine Haggquist as Dr. A. Crawford (Part 5)
Richard Ian Cox as Professor Kato (Part 5)
Jay Hindle as Max McAlister (Part 6), McKeyla's father
Chris Rosamond as Bobby Stone (Part 6)
Loretta Walsh as Charlotte Adele (Part 6)
Episodes[edit]
Series overview[edit]
Part
Episodes
Originally released
1 3 August 7, 2015 (2015-08-07)
2 6 August 12, 2016 (2016-08-12)
3 6 October 14, 2016 (2016-10-14)
4 1 February 14, 2017 (2017-02-14)
5 5 September 15, 2017 (2017-09-15)
6 5 November 7, 2017 (2017-11-07)
Part 1 (2015)[edit]
No.
overall
No. in part
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date
1
1 "The New Girl" Michael Younesi Jordana Arkin August 7, 2015 (2015-08-07)
McKeyla McAlister receives a new mission. She transfers to a school in Maywood Glen, where she bumps into two girls, Camryn and Bryden. A computer AI program in her notebook, A.D.I.S.N., accidentally speaks in front of the girls, which causes them to become suspicious. Meanwhile, Space Inc. receives an anonymous phone call threatening them with serious consequences for everyone if they don't cancel Prince Xander's space flight. Camryn's dad remembers that he left his laptop closed at the office, but when he went back in the morning, it was open. The girls suspect McKeyla is involved, and ask Adrienne to help them get the fingerprint from the laptop. They steal McKeyla's pen and manage to get a partial fingerprint match. They follow her, but shortly, McKeyla notices that they had given her a camera pen and catches the girls spying on her. They get into the house before she can stop them, and they meet McKeyla's boss, the Quail, who is a member of NOV8. She reveals that they are trying to protect the prince, and invites the girls to join McKeyla in the mission.
2
2 "Secret Agenting" Michael Younesi Jordana Arkin August 7, 2015 (2015-08-07)
McKeyla is doubting that the girls can take the job seriously enough, and would prefer working alone, but NOV8 wants her to have extra support due to the threat against the prince. McKeyla wants the girls to show her their skills. Adrienne makes a volcano cake. Bryden takes a picture of McKeyla and hacks into her lab's wireless system to display it on every screen in the lab. Camryn makes a "portable police scanner with added features", which they use to locate the prince. The girls notice a suspicious car, and manage to distract the guards and break into the facility where they're keeping the prince. They warn the prince that someone might be trying to kidnap him, and they take him to Bryden's house. NOV8 discovers that the prince's capsule will come close to a U.S. government cyber-satellite at the peak of his flight. Meanwhile, their location is discovered because Bryden tweeted from there, so they take the prince to a NOV8 safe house. Later, they find out that the logo they saw on the car belongs to a cyber security company called Black Star. A few minutes later, the girls get distracted and the prince disappears.
3
3 "Smart Is the New Cool" Michael Younesi Jordana Arkin August 7, 2015 (2015-08-07)
The girls research the organization called Black Star, and interrogate one of their top agents, who believes that they are doing wrong but is too scared to turn them in to the authorities. It turns out that they were not trying to kidnap the prince at all, but instead they are using his luggage to store a device that can be used to hack into a government satellite. It will allow Black Star to access each and every person's personal data, such as email, texting, and other information that they can then sell for billions of dollars. The four sneak into the launch site, find the device inside the prince's luggage, and destroy it before they are caught by security. Black Star's head, Darone, is caught and Jillian, the prince's assistant, is revealed to be working for them out of contempt that the prince can boss her around and she can do nothing about it, and sent to jail as well. In the end, the prince goes to space and he sends the girls a Snapchat from space, and McKeyla is given permission from the Quail to stay at Maywood Glen as her base. She is shown to be attending school with her friends.
Part 2 (2016)[edit]
No.
overall
No. in part
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date
4
1 "Back to Basics" Michael Younesi Mitchel Katlin & Nat Bernstein August 12, 2016 (2016-08-12)
The four girls are demoted back to basics after they make a big deal out of saving the prince in Part 1. They are not allowed on any mission, even as a suspicious figure, Carson Lazarus, a criminal mastermind, is released from jail. Soon after, a figure who calls themselves "Retro" causes all technology to malfunction and glitch in Maywood Glen. The girls strongly suspect that the two are linked. The video shows that in the background, there is something labeled "Property of MGA" – where MGA stands for Maywood Glen Academy – and it is very possible that Retro is a student at the academy. Meanwhile, McKeyla tries to fit in and becomes "study buddies" with Kyle Lewis, a rather awkward and suspicious teenager.
5
2 "No Laughing Matter" Michael Younesi Paul Ciancarelli & David DiPietro August 12, 2016 (2016-08-12)
The Quail allows the four girls to figure out this case. McKeyla becomes increasingly suspicious of Kyle, but soon dismisses the idea of him being Retro. They also suspect Devon D'Marco, a troublemaker, as she spray-paints handcuffs on a picture of a drone on a poster about the upcoming launch. All four girls except Bry, who has to babysit, make ways to get detention on Saturday with Devon. Bry runs a vocal recognition as Cam and Adri confront the troublemaker and McKeyla looks through her bag. Devon is proven to be innocent, just using the school's 3D printer to make skulls for her nana's birthday. The three hide in the janitor's closet as the assistant principal walks by, and find out that Retro is planning to send a radio signal to the drone, making it crash, and pipe laughing gas through the vents so when the drone crashes, everybody will be laughing. The girls block the radio signal, and heat up the gas so it separates and becomes harmless.
6
3 "Trashed" Vanessa Parise Jessica Kaminsky August 12, 2016 (2016-08-12)
7
4 "Dam Fine Mess" Vanessa Parise Elizabeth Hackett & Hilary Galanoy August 12, 2016 (2016-08-12)
8
5 "Bye Bye Birdie" Michael Younesi Annie Burgstede & Kate Duffy August 12, 2016 (2016-08-12)
9
6 "Mission Totally Possible" Michael Younesi Kathy Fischer August 12, 2016 (2016-08-12)
Part 3 (2016)[edit]
No.
overall
No. in part
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date
10
1 "Finding Maddy" Michael Robison Nat Bernstein & Mitchel Katlin October 14, 2016 (2016-10-14)
11
2 "Gummying Up the Works" Michael Robison Paul Ciancarelli & David DiPietro October 14, 2016 (2016-10-14)
12
3 "Crate Expectations" Ken Friss Jessica Kaminsky October 14, 2016 (2016-10-14)
13
4 "One Track Mind" Ken Friss Elizabeth Hackett & Hilary Galanoy October 14, 2016 (2016-10-14)
14
5 "Simon Sayz" Jon Rosenbaum Elaine Aronson October 14, 2016 (2016-10-14)
15
6 "Ear Today. Gone Tomorrow" Jon Rosenbaum Kathy Fischer October 14, 2016 (2016-10-14)
Part 4 (2017)[edit]
No.
overall
No. in part
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date
16
1 "A Royal Pain" Ken Friss Elizabeth Hackett & Hilary Galanoy February 14, 2017 (2017-02-14)
Part 5 (2017)[edit]
No.
overall
No. in part
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date
17
1 "If You Fail on Mars Can Anyone Hear You Scream" Ken Friss Mitchel Katlin September 15, 2017 (2017-09-15)
18
2 "Nanobots, Souffles and Gray Goo, Oh My" Ken Friss Nat Bernstein September 15, 2017 (2017-09-15)
19
3 "Bad Air Day" Michael Younesi Elizabeth Hackett & Hilary Galanoy September 15, 2017 (2017-09-15)
20
4 "Totally Marble Nailed It" Michael Younesi Kathleen Fischer September 15, 2017 (2017-09-15)
21
5 "Gray Goo on the Loose" Ken Friss Nat Bernstein & Mitchel Katlin September 15, 2017 (2017-09-15)
Part 6 (2017)[edit]
No.
overall
No. in part
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date
22
1 "Stone Acres Is the Place to Be" Ken Friss Mitchel Katlin November 7, 2017 (2017-11-07)
23
2 "Smoke Gets in Your Eyes" Allan Harmon Elaine Aronson November 7, 2017 (2017-11-07)
24
3 "Zorro Dark Thirty" Allan Harmon Elizabeth Hackett & Hilary Galanoy November 7, 2017 (2017-11-07)
25
4 "Water from a Bobby Stone" Ken Friss Kathleen Fischer November 7, 2017 (2017-11-07)
26
5 "Family Affair" Ken Friss Elaine Aronson November 7, 2017 (2017-11-07)
Production[edit]
The first season of the series, consisting of three episodes, was released on August 7, 2015.[7] On April 6, 2016, Netflix announced that the series has been renewed for its second and third seasons. The second season was released on August 12, 2016,[8] and the third season was released on October 14, 2016.[9] Both consisted of six episodes. An extended 34-minute Valentine's Day special was released as the first and only episode of the fourth season on February 14, 2017.[10] A fifth season consisting of five episodes was released on September 15, 2017. A sixth season, also consisting of five episodes, was released on November 7, 2017.
The series is filmed primarily in and around the San Fernando Valley area of Los Angeles, including Chatsworth, Woodland Hills, Van Nuys, and Northridge, as well as in Alhambra.
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Lynch appears in archive footage, and is credited, in the final episode of Part 6, "Family Affair".
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "The New Girl". Project Mc2. Season 1. Episode 1. August 7, 2015. Event occurs at 19:10. Netflix. Bryden: Whoa! Wait. McKeyla McAlister. That's MC. MC-squared!
Jump up ^ "Trashed". Project Mc2. Season 2. Episode 3. August 12, 2016. Event occurs at 10:45. Netflix. McKeyla: Their specialty here is the churrochino. Kyle: That sounds good. Adrienne: Two churrochinos coming right up! Kyle: How'd she hear us? McKeyla: She's from Spain.
Jump up ^ Katie Schenkel (August 24, 2015). "Project Mc2: Netflix's Science-Loving Secret Spy Girls". The Mary Sue. Retrieved August 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Secret Agenting". Project Mc2. Season 1. Episode 2. August 7, 2015. Event occurs at 02:20. Netflix. The Quail: Is that understood, Agent McAlister? McKeyla: Understood. The Quail: Good. Now, remember to call Grandma. It's her birthday. McKeyla: Don't worry, Mom. I didn't forget.
Jump up ^ "Project Mc2 A.D.I.S.N. Journal". Amazon. Retrieved August 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Finding Maddy". Project Mc2. Season 3. Episode 1. October 14, 2016. Event occurs at 08:55. Netflix. McKeyla: Aunt Montana! Uh, I mean, Falcon!
Jump up ^ DreamWorksTV (August 2, 2015). Project Mc² | OFFICIAL TRAILER. YouTube. Retrieved May 4, 2016.
Jump up ^ Denise Petski (April 6, 2016). "'Project Mc2' Gets Two More Seasons On Netflix". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved May 4, 2016.
Jump up ^ Kelly Lawler (September 22, 2016). "Netflix in October: Here's what's coming and going". USA Today. Retrieved September 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ Project Mc² [@ProjectMc2] (February 13, 2017). "Get ready for an all-new episode of Project Mc2 – streaming tomorrow on @Netflix! #SmartIsTheNewCool t.co/GL8nmxG2V9" (Tweet). Retrieved February 14, 2017 – via Twitter.
External links[edit]
Official website
Project Mc2 at Netflix
Project Mc2 on IMDb
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Seven Seconds (2018)
Upcoming
A Little Help with Carol Burnett (2018)
The Rain (2018)
Safe (2018)
The Break with Michelle Wolf (2018)
Samantha! (2018)
The Innocents (2018)
3 Below (2018)
Baki (2018)
Chilling Adventures of Sabrina (2018)
Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee (season 10, 2018)
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Distrito Salvaje (2018)
Dr. Seuss' Green Eggs and Ham (2018)
Harvey Street Kids (2018)
Hilda (2018)
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Kingdom (2018)
Kiss Me First (2018)
Knights of the Zodiac: Saint Seiya (2018)
La Casa de las Flores (2018)
Maniac (2018)
The Ballad of Buster Scruggs (2018)
The Epic Tales of Captain Underpants (2018)
The Umbrella Academy (2018)
Carmen Sandiego (2019)
Jinn (2019)
Messiah (2019)
Money Heist (season 3, 2019)
Tales of the City (2019)
Top Boy (season 3, 2019)
The Last Kids on Earth (2019)
Wizards (2019)
Best Worst Weekend Ever (TBA)
Chambers (TBA)
Cursed (TBA)
Dead to Me (TBA)
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Norm Macdonald Has a Show (TBA)
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The Dark Crystal: Age of Resistance (TBA)
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