text:
Salah
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Salah (disambiguation).
"Salat" redirects here. For other uses, see Salat (disambiguation).
The four main salat postures and associated prayers and recitations.
This article contains Arabic text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols.
Part of a series on
Islam
Beliefs[show]
Oneness of God
Prophets
Revealed books
Angels
Predestination
Day of Resurrection
Practices[hide]
Profession of faith
Prayer
Fasting
Alms-giving
Pilgrimage
Texts and laws[show]
Quran
Tafsir
Sunnah (Hadith, Sirah)
Sharia (law)
Fiqh (jurisprudence)
Kalam (dialectic)
History[show]
Timeline
Muhammad
Ahl al-Bayt
Sahabah
Rashidun
Imamate
Caliphate
Spread of Islam
Culture and society[show]
Academics
Animals
Art
Calendar
Children
Demographics
Denominations
Economics
Education
Feminism
Festivals
Finance
LGBT
Madrasa
Moral teachings
Mosque
Philosophy
Poetry
Politics
Proselytizing
Science
Social welfare
Women
Related topics[show]
Criticism of Islam
Islam and other religions
Islamism
Islamophobia
Glossary
Islam portal
v
t
e
[hide] Part of a series on Islam
Aqidah
Five Pillars of Islam[hide]
Shahada
Salah
Sawm
Zakat
Hajj
Sunni[show]
Six articles of belief
God
Prophets
Holy books
Angels
The Last Judgement
Predestination
Sunni theological traditions
Ilm al-Kalam
Ash'ari1
Maturidi
Sunni Murji'ah
Traditionalist2
Shi'a[show]
Twelver3
Principles
Tawhid
Adalah
Prophecy
Imamah
Qiyamah
Practices
Salah
Sawm
Zakat
Hajj
Khums
Jihad
Commanding what is just
Forbidding what is evil
Tawalla
Tabarra
Seven pillars of Ismailism4
Walayah
Tawhid
Salah
Zakat
Sawm
Hajj
Jihad
Other Shia concepts of Aqidah
Imamate
Batin
Sixth Pillar of Islam
Other schools of theology[show]
Khawarij5
Ibadi6
Murji'ah
Qadariyah
Muʿtazila7
Sufism8
Including:
1Jahmi; 2Karramiyya; 3Alawites & Qizilbash
4Sevener-Qarmatians, Assassins & Druzes
5Ajardi, Azariqa, Bayhasiyya, Najdat & Sūfrī
6Nūkkārī; 7Bahshamiyya & Ikhshîdiyya
8Alevism, Bektashi Order & Qalandariyya
Islam portal
v
t
e
Salah ("worship", صلاة; pl. صلوات ṣalawāt; also salat), called namāz (Persian: نَماز) in some languages, is one of the Five Pillars in the faith of Islam and an obligatory religious duty for every Muslim. It is a physical, mental, and spiritual act of worship that is observed five times every day at prescribed times. When they do this, they must face Mecca. In this ritual, the worshiper starts standing, bows, prostrates themself, and concludes while sitting on the ground.[1] During each posture, the worshiper recites or reads certain verses, phrases and prayers. The word salah is commonly translated as "prayer" but this definition might be confusing. Muslims use the words "dua" or "supplication" when referring to the common definition of prayers which is "reverent petitions made to God".
Salah is preceded by ritual ablution. Salah consists of the repetition of a unit called a rakʿah (pl. rakaʿāt) consisting of prescribed actions and words. The number of obligatory (fard) rakaʿāt varies from two to four according to the time of day or other circumstances (such as Friday congregational worship, which has two rakats). Prayer is obligatory for all Muslims except those who are prepubescent, are menstruating, or are experiencing bleeding in the 40 days after childbirth.[2] Every movement in the salah is accompanied by the takbir except the standing between the ruku and sujud, and the ending which has a derivation of the Muslim greeting As-salamu alaykum.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Terminology
2 Salah in the Quran
3 Purpose and importance
4 Conditions
5 Preparation
5.1 Cleanliness and dress
5.2 Ritual ablution
5.3 Call to prayer
5.4 Intention
6 Components
6.1 Standing
6.2 Bowing ( Ruku' )
6.3 Second standing
6.4 Prostration
6.5 Sitting
6.6 Second prostration
6.7 Second sitting
7 Differences in practice
8 Types of prayers
8.1 Fard Salah
8.1.1 The Five Daily Prayers
8.1.2 Jumu'ah
8.2 Wajib salat
8.3 Sunnah salah
8.4 Nafl salah
8.4.1 Salat-al-Witr
8.4.2 Eid
8.5 Istikhaarah
8.6 Qada
8.7 Qasr and Jam' bayn as-Salaatayn
8.8 Sajdah of forgetfulness
8.9 Tahiyyatul masjid
9 Prayer in congregation
9.1 Standing arrangement
9.2 Conducting
10 Quranist Salah
10.1 Salah timings according to Quranists
11 Salah in Babi Faith
12 See also
13 Notes
14 References
15 Further reading
16 External links
Terminology[edit]
Salah (ṣalāh [sˤɑˈlɑː] صلاه) is an Arabic word whose basic meaning is "bowing, homage, worship, prayer". In its English usage, the reference of the word is almost always confined to the Muslim formal, obligatory worship described in this article.
Translating salah as "prayer" is not usually considered precise enough, as "prayer" can indicate several different ways of relating to God; personal prayer or supplication is called duʿāʾ (Arabic: دُعَاء, literally "invocation") in Islamic usage.
Muslims themselves use several terms to refer to salah depending on their language or culture. In many parts of the world, including many non-Arab countries, the Arabic term salat or salah is used. The other major term is the Persian word namāz (نماز), used by speakers of the Indo-Iranian languages (e.g., the Kurdish languages, Urdu, Balochi, Hindi), as well as Turkish, Russian, Chinese, Bosnian and Albanian. In North Caucasian languages, the term is lamaz (ламаз) in Chechen, chak (чак) in Lak and kak in Avar (как). In Indonesia, the term salat is officially used, as well as a local term sembahyang (means: praying, literally from the word sembah - worship and hyang - god or deity) is used too.
Salah in the Quran[edit]
الم ذَٰلِكَ ٱلْكِتَٰبُ لَا رَيْبَۛ فِيهِۛ هُدًى لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ
ٱلَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِٱلْغَيْبِ وَيُقِيمُونَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَٰهُمْ يُنفِقُونَ وَٱلَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ مِن قَبْلِكَ وَبِٱلآخِرَةِ هُمْ يُوقِنُونَ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ عَلَىٰ هُدًى مِّن رَّبِّهِمْۖ وَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُفْلِحُونَ
—  Qur'an 2:2-5
Translation:
2. This is the Book about which there is no doubt, a guidance for those conscious of Allah -
3. Who believe in the unseen, establish prayer, and spend out of what We have provided for them,
4. And who believe in what has been revealed to you, [O Muhammad], and what was revealed before you, and of the Hereafter they are certain [in faith].
5. Those are upon [right] guidance from their Lord, and it is those who are the successful.
وَأَقِيمُوا۟ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتُوا۟ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَٱرْكَعُوا۟ مَعَ ٱلرَّٰكِعِينَ
—  Qur'an 2:43
Translation: And establish Salah and give Zakah and bow with those who bow [in worship and obedience].
Guard your Salah and middle Salah; and stand before God devoutly obedient. Then if you fear on foot or riding; then when you become secure remember God as he has taught you that which you did not know previously. (Al-Quran 2:238-239)
And offer Salah at the two ends of day and at the approach of night; indeed good deeds remove bad deeds; this is a reminder for those who remember. (Al-Quran 11:114)
offer Salah at the decline of the day until the darkness of night; and Quran at dawn; indeed Quran at dawn ever is a witness. And at night pray Tahajjud an extra for thee; it is expected that your lord raise you to praised station. (Al-Quran 17:78-79))
Say call God or call Merciful ; by whomever you call; He has good names; and do not make your Salah loud nor make silent and choose a path between them. (Al-Quran 17:110)
And offer Salah and pay Zakah and obey Messenger so that you may receive mercy.(Al-Quran 24:56)
And recite that is revealed to you as a book and offer Salah; indeed Salah prohibits immorality and wrongdoing; and remembrance of God is great; and God is aware of what you do. (Al-Quran 29:45))
Purpose and importance[edit]
This section relies too much on references to primary sources. Please improve this section by adding secondary or tertiary sources. (February 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Bosniaks praying in an open field, ca. 1906
The chief purpose of salah is to act as a person's communication with and remembrance of God. By reciting "The Opening", the first sura (chapter) of the Quran, as required in daily worship, the worshiper can stand before God, thank and praise him, and ask for guidance along the "Straight Path".
Under the Hanbali School of thought, a person who doesn't pray five times a day is an unbeliever. The other three Sunni schools of thought say that the person who doesn't pray five times a day is an unholy sinner. Those who prescribe to the Hanbali view cite a hadith from Sahih Muslim that states that prayer is a dividing line between a believer and a non-believer.
In addition, daily worship reminds Muslims to give thanks for God's blessings and that submission to God takes precedence over all other concerns, thereby revolving their life around God and submitting to His will. Worship also serves as a formal method of dhikr or remembering God.[4]
Muslims believe that all prophets of God offered daily prayers and were humble in submission to the oneness of God. Muslims also believe that the main duty of the prophets of God is to teach mankind to humbly submit themselves to oneness of God.[5]
In Quran, it is written that: "For, Believers are those who, when God is mentioned, feel a tremor in their hearts, and when they hear his signs rehearsed, find their faith strengthened, and put (all) their trust in their Lord;"[6]
"To those whose hearts, when God is mentioned, are filled with fear, who show patient perseverance over their afflictions, keep up regular prayer, and spend (in charity) out of what we have bestowed upon them."[7]
Salah is also cited as a means of restraining a believer from social wrongs and moral deviancy.[8]
According to a hadith in the collection Sahih Bukhari, Muhammad considered salah "the best deed".[9]
The importance of the Salah was further demonstrated by Muhammad who on his deathbed and in the pangs of death would announce: "The Salah, [I remind you of] the Salah; and [to treat well] those who are in your power."[10]
Conditions[edit]
Yemeni prayer during North Yemen Civil War.
At the bottom of the central nave of the prayer hall there is a niche (the mihrab) indicating the qibla. This compulsory act of worship is obligatory for those who meet these conditions:[11]
are Muslim
are of sound mind
have reached the age of puberty (beginning at age seven is recommended).[12]
Elements that make salah valid:[11]
Confidence of the time of worship.[13]
Facing the qibla, with the chest facing the direction of the Kaaba. The ill and the old are allowed leniency with posture.
Covering the awrah[14]
Clean clothes, body, place of prostration.
Ritual purity (wudu, tayammum, ghusl)
Praying in front of a sutrah is recommended.[citation needed]
The place of worship should be clean. In a few cases where blood is leaving the body, salah is forbidden until a later time. Women are not allowed to pray during their menses and for a period after childbirth.[15][16][17]
Preparation[edit]
Cleanliness and dress[edit]
Islam advises that salah be performed in a ritually clean environment.[18] When worshipping, the clothes that are worn and the place of prayer must be clean. Both men and women are required to cover their bodies (awrah) in reasonably loose-fitting garments. The well-known adage or hadith by al-Nawawi that "purity is half the faith"[19] illustrates how Islam has incorporated and modified existing rules of purity in its religious system.
Ritual ablution[edit]
Before conducting salah, a Muslim has to perform a ritual ablution. The minor ablution is performed using water (wudu), or sand (tayammum) when water is unavailable or not advisable to use for reasons such as illness. Wudu is performed by Muslims according to the instructions of God given in the Quran:
"O you who believe! when you rise up to prayer, wash your faces and your hands as far as the elbows, and wipe your heads and your feet to the ankles; and if you are under an obligation to perform a total ablution, then wash (yourselves) and if you are sick or on a journey, or one of you come from the privy, or you have touched the women, and you cannot find water, betake yourselves to pure earth and wipe your faces and your hands therewith, Allah does not desire to put on you any difficulty, but He wishes to purify you and that He may complete His favor on you, so that you may be grateful."
—  Qur'an, sura 5 (Al-Ma'ida), ayat 6[18]
More specifically, wudu is performed by Muslims by washing the hands, mouth, nose, arms, face, hair (often washing the hair is merely drawing the already wet hands from the fringe to the nape of the neck), ears, and feet three times each in that order. (It is not obligatory to wash the hair three times, once is sufficient, and men must also wash their beard and mustache when washing the face).
Call to prayer[edit]
Main articles: Adhan, Muezzin, and Iqamah
"Adhan" is the Islamic call to prayer, recited by the one known as the muezzin for the five obligatory prayers, traditionally from a tower called a minaret. A second call immediately before praying, known as the Iqama, is for the assembled Muslims in the prayer area to line up for the beginning of the prayers.
Intention[edit]
Main article: Niyyah
The person should be conscious and aware of the particular salah that is being offered, whether it is obligatory, if it is a missed (qadha) worship, performed individually or among the congregation, a shortened traveller's worship etc. The explicit verbalization of this intention is not required. The person should think his worship to be the Last Worship so that he may perform the best he can.
Components[edit]
Main article: Rakat
Each salah is made up of repeating units or cycles called rakats. The number of rakats for the five daily worships can be found below.
People who find it physically difficult can perform Salah in a way suitable for them.[note 1] A basic rakat is made up of these parts.
Standing[edit]
A Muslim raises his hands to recite Takbeeratul-Ihram in prayer
Men standing in prayer in Tulehu, Indonesia.
Main article: Standing in salah
If this is the first rakah then prayer is commenced by the saying of the takbīr, which is اَللهُ أَكْبَرْ (transliteration "allāhu 'akbar", meaning "Allah is greatest"). The hands are raised upto the shoulders with palms facing the front i.e. Qibla. This is done before, with or after saying the takbir. Both arms are placed on either the chest or above the navel.[20]
If this is the first rakat, a supplication praising Allah is said such as
سُبْحَاْنَكَ اَلْلّٰھُمَّ وَبِحَمدِكَ وَتَبَارَكَ اسْمُكَ وَتَعَالٰی جَدُّكَ وَلَا اِلٰى غَیْرِكَ
meaning [Glorified be you, all praise is yours, perfect is your name, most high is your majesty and greatness. None has the right to be worshipped but you, the only one God.]
Subḥānaka llāhumma, wa-bi-ḥamdika, wa-tabāraka smuka, wa-taʿālā jadduka, wa-lā ʾlāha ġayruk.[20]
The recitation of the Quran begins by asking refuge with God from the accursed devil by reciting
أَعُوْذُ بِاللهِ مِنَ الشَّـيْطٰنِ الرَّجِيْمِ
aʿūḏu bi-llāhi mina š-šayṭāni r-rajīm.[20]
Surah Al-Fatiha is recited.
For the first or second rakat only, the recitation of Al-Fatiha is followed with a recitation from any other surah from the Quran of choice.[20] The customary practice is reciting the ayahs in order found in the Qur'an.
The takbīr is said again and the hands are raised as previously described and the next position, bowing or ruku', begins.[20]
Bowing ( Ruku' )[edit]
Bowing in prayer.
Main article: Ruku'
The palms are placed on the knees. Ideally, fingers are spaced out.
Some of many types of remembrances of God are recited for this situation such as سبحان ربي العظيم (transliteration subḥāna rabbī l-ʿaẓīm, meaning "Glorified be Allah, the greatest") three times or more.[20]
Second standing[edit]
I'tidal is the standing again after ruku'. The back is straightened and the hands are raised as in takbir as mentioned before (not raised in Hanafi and Maliki schools) while saying سمع الله لمن حمده (transliteration samiʿa allāhu li-man ḥamidahu, meaning "God listens and responds to the one who praises him.")[20]
Some of many praises to God are said for this situation such as ربنا لك الحمد (transliteration rabbanā laka al-ḥamd, meaning "O Lord, all praise is for you.")[20]
The takbīr is said and the hands can be raised as mentioned before as the next position (not raised in Hanafi and Maliki schools).[20]
Prostration[edit]
Muslims in prostration in Syria.
Main article: Sujud
Each cycle of prayer contains 2 prostrations.[20] During the prostration:
The nose and the forehead are placed on the ground along with the knees and palms.[20]
Some of many types of remembrances of God are recited for this situation such as سبحان ربى الأعلى وبحمده (transliteration subḥāna rabbī al-'aʿlā wa-bi-ḥamdihi meaning "Glorified be my God, the highest.") three times or more.[20]
The takbīr is said again and the hands can be raised as mentioned before (not raised in Hanafi and Maliki schools) while the next position, kneeling, begins.[20]
Sitting[edit]
Men sit and pray in Kosovo
The person performing the prayer sits between the two prostrations.
Second prostration[edit]
Second prostrations are done exactly as the first time.
The head is raised and the takbir is said again and the hands can be raised as mentioned before (not raised in Hanafi and Maliki schools). For every second and last rakat only you would go to the sitting position again. Otherwise, the standing position begins again for the start of a new rakat.
Second sitting[edit]
Main article: Sitting in salah
See also: Tashahhud and Taslim
If this is the second raka'ah, sitting is done as before. If this is not part of the second raka'ah, then the left thigh is leans against the ground and both feet are protruding from the right side with the right foot either upright or along the ground. The left palm leans on the left knee.
The right index finger is pointed towards the qibla.[20]
The Tashahhud is recited.
Greetings on Muhammad, called the aṣ-ṣalātu ʿalā n-nabī are recited.
If this is not the last raka'ah, a new raka'ah begins by standing up again with the takbir and the hands can be raised as mentioned before.[20]
If this is the last raka'ah, the greetings of taslim are said to the right such as السلام عليكم ورحمة الله (transliteration "as-salāmu ʿalaykum wa raḥmatu llāh," meaning "Peace and God's mercy be upon you") and then similarly to the left.[20]
Performing the Taslim
Reciting the salam facing the right direction Reciting the salam facing the left direction
Differences in practice[edit]
A turbah (Arabic: تربة ; Persian: مهر mohr) is a small piece of soil or clay, often a clay tablet, used during salat to symbolize earth. The use of a turbah is compulsory in most Shi'a schools of Islam.
A Sunni muslim (Left) beside a Shia muslim (right) duiring 16 March 2018 Tehran Friday prayer, Iran. Shia Muslims offering Salat with both open hands.
The Islamic worship practiced by one Muslim may differ from another's in minor details, which can affect the precise actions and words involved. Differences arise because of different interpretations of the Islamic legal sources by the different schools of law (madhhabs) in Sunni Islam, and by different legal traditions within Shia Islam. In the case of ritual worship these differences are generally minor, and should rarely cause dispute.[21] Muslims believe that Muhammad practiced, taught, and disseminated the worship ritual in the whole community of Muslims and made it part of their life. The practice has, therefore, been concurrently and perpetually practiced by the community in each of the generations. The authority for the basic forms of the Salah is neither the hadiths nor the Qur'an, but rather the consensus of Muslims.[22] Differences also occur due to optional (recommended rather than obligatory) articles of prayer procedure, for example, which verses of the Quran to recite. A 2015 Pew Research Center study found that women are two percent more likely than men to pray on a daily basis.[23]
Shia Muslims, after the end of the prayer, raise their hands three times, reciting Allah hu akbar and Sunnis just look at the left and right shoulder saying salams. Also Shias in the second Rakat often read "Qunoot", which for Sunnis is often done after salah.
In each of the positions, the Muslim usually needs to consider these, which may vary between schools and gender:
Position of legs and feet.
Position of hands, including fingers
Place where eyes should focus
The minimum amount of adhkar/recitation, depending upon whether the worshipper is Imam or following the Imam or praying alone.
Loudness of recitation: audible, or moving of lips, or just listening
Steps that are compulsory or necessary in the 5 daily prayers[24][25][26][27][28][29]
Types of prayers[edit]
Prayers in Islam are classified into four categories based on degrees of obligation: fard, wajib, sunnah, and nafl.[30]
Fard Salah[edit]
The Fard Salah are all of the compulsory Muslim prayers - the five daily prayers, as well as the Friday prayer (Salat al-Jumu'ah) and the Eid prayers (Eid prayers). Non-performance of any these prayers renders one a non-Muslim according to the stricter Hanbali madhhab of Sunni Islam, while the other Sunni madhhabs simply consider doing so a major sin. However, all four madhhabs agree by consensus that denial of the compulsory status of these prayers invalidates the faith of those who do so, rendering them non-Muslim. Fardh prayers (as with all fard actions) are further classed as fard al-ayn (obligation of the self) and fard al-kifayah (obligation of sufficiency). Fard al-Ayn are actions considered obligatory on individuals, for which the individual will be held to account if the actions are neglected. Fard al-Kifayah are actions considered obligatory on the Muslim community at large, so that if some people within the community carry it out no Muslim is considered blameworthy, but if no one carries it out, all incur a collective punishment.
Men are required to perform the fard salat in congregation (jama'ah), behind an imam when they are able. According to most Islamic scholars, performing prayers in congregation is mustahabb (recommended) for men,[31] when they are able, but is neither required nor forbidden for women.
The Five Daily Prayers[edit]
Display showing prayer times in a Turkish mosque.
I. Fajr, II. Zuhr, III. Asr, IV. Maghrib, V. Ishai
Muslims are commanded to perform prayers five times a day.[32] These prayers are obligatory on every Muslim who has reached the age of puberty, with the exception being those who are mentally ill, too physically ill for it to be possible, menstruating, or experiencing postnatal bleeding. Those who are ill or otherwise physically unable to offer their prayers in the traditional form are permitted to offer their prayers while sitting or lying, as they are able. The five prayers are each assigned to certain prescribed times (al waqt) at which they must be performed, unless there is a compelling reason for not being able to perform them on time. These times are measured according to the movement of the sun. These are: near dawn (fajr), after midday has passed and the sun starts to tilt downwards/noon (zuhr), in the afternoon (asr), just after sunset (maghrib) and around nightfall (Isha). Under some circumstances ritual worship can be shortened or combined (according to prescribed procedures). In case a ritual worship is not performed at the right time, it must be performed later.
Some Muslims offer voluntary prayers (sunna rawatib) immediately before and after the prescribed fard prayers. Sunni Muslims classify these prayers as sunnah, while Shi'ah consider them nafil. The number of rakats for each of the five obligatory prayers as well as the voluntary prayers (before and after) are listed below:
Name
Prescribed time period (waqt)
Voluntary before fard[t 1]
Obligatory
Voluntary after fard[t 1]
Sunni
Shi'a
Sunni
Shi'a
Fajr
(فجر) Dawn to sunrise, should be read at least 10–15 minutes before sunrise 2 Rakats Sunnat-Mu'akkadah[t 1] 2 Rakats[t 1] 2 Rakats[t 1] — 2 Rakats[t 1]
Zuhr
(ظهر) After true noon until Asr 4 Rakats Sunnat-Mu'akkadah[t 2] 4 Rakats 4 Rakats[t 3] 2 Rakats Sunnat-Mu'akkadah[t 2] 8 Rakats[t 1][t 4][t 5]
Asr
(عصر) Afternoon[t 6][t 7] 4 Rakats Sunnat-Ghair-Mu'akkdah 4 Rakats 4 Rakats - 8 Rakats[t 1][t 4][t 5]
Maghrib
(مغرب) After sunset until dusk - 3 Rakats 3 Rakats 2 Rakats Sunnat-Mu'akkadah[t 2] 2 Rakats[t 1][t 4][t 5]
Isha (عشاء)[t 8] Dusk until dawn[t 7] 4 Rakats Sunnat-Ghair-Mu'akkadah 4 Rakats 4 Rakats 2 Rakats Sunnat-Mu'akkadah,[t 2]
3 Rakats Witr 2 Rakats[t 1][t 4][t 5]
Sunni Muslims also perform two rakats nafl (voluntary) after the Zuhr and Maghrib prayers. During the Isha prayer, they perform the two rakats nafl after the two Sunnat-Mu'akkadah and after the witr prayer.
Table notes
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j According to Shia Muslims, these are to be performed in sets of two rakats each. This is not the case for Sunni Muslims.
^ Jump up to: a b c d According to Sunni Muslims, there is a difference between Sunnat-Mu'akkadah (obligatory) and Sunnat-Ghair-Mu'akkadah (voluntary). Unlike for the Sunnat-Ghair-Mu'akkadah, the Sunnat-Mu'akkadah was prayed by Muhammed daily.
Jump up ^ Replaced by Jumu'ah on Fridays, which consists of two rakats.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Mustahab (praiseworthy) to do everyday. (Shias)
^ Jump up to: a b c d According to Shia Muslims, this prayer is termed nawafil.
Jump up ^ According to Imam Abu Hanifa, "Asr starts when the shadow of an object becomes twice its height (plus the length of its shadow at the start time of Zuhr)." For the rest of Imams, "Asr starts when the shadow of an object becomes equal to its length (plus the length of its shadow at the start time of Zuhr)." Asr ends as the sun begins to set.
^ Jump up to: a b According to Shia Muslims, Asr prayer and Isha prayer have no set times but are performed from mid-day. Zuhr and Asr prayers must be performed before sunset, and the time for Asr prayer starts after Zuhr has been performed. Maghrib and Isha prayers must be performed before midnight, and the time for Isha prayer can start after Maghrib has been performed, as long as no more light remains in the western sky signifying the arrival of the true night.
Jump up ^ Further information on the usage of the word "Isha" (evening) see Quran 12:16, Quran 79:46
Jumu'ah[edit]
Main article: Jumu'ah
Jumu'ah at Kaohsiung Mosque, Taiwan.
Salat al-Jumu'ah is a congregational prayer on Friday, which replaces the Zuhr prayer. It is compulsory upon men to perform it in congregation, while women may perform it so or may perform Zuhr salat instead. Salat al-Jumu'ah consists of a sermon (khutba) given by the speaker (khatib) after which two rakats are performed. There is no Salat al-Jumu'ah without a khutba.
Name
Prescribed time period (waqt)
Voluntary before fard
Obligatory
Voluntary after fard
Sunni
Shi'a
Sunni
Shi'a
Jumu'ah
(جمعة) After true noon until Asr No sunnat but 2 rakat Tahiyatul Masjid 2 Rakats Sunnat/ Mustahab 2 Rakats 4 Rakats Sunnat Mu'akkadah
Wajib salat[edit]
Wajib As-salat are compulsory, non-performance of which renders one a sinner. However, the evidence of the obligation is open to interpretation, with some of the madhab saying it is obligatory while others saying it is optional. To deny that a fard salah is obligatory is an act of disbelief while denying the obligation of a wajib salat is not disbelief. There are some who believe that as the 5 prayers are obligatory, it automatically renders all other prayers optional.
Sunnah salah[edit]
Main article: Sunnah salah
Though not a mandatory part of the course, most Muslims supplicate after completing salah.
Sun'nah sal'ah are optional and were additional voluntary prayers performed by Muhammad—they are of two types[citation needed]—the Sunnah Mu'akkaddah, those practiced on a regular basis, which if abandoned cause the abandoner to be regarded as sinful by the Hanafi School and the Sunnah Ghair Mu'akkaddah, those practiced on a semi-regular practice by Muhammad about which all are agreed that their abandonment doesn't render one sinful.
Certain sunnah prayers have prescribed waqts associated with them. Those ordained for before each of the fard prayers must be performed between the first call to prayer (adhan) and the second call (iqama), which signifies the start of the fard prayer.[41] Those sunnah ordained for after the fard prayers can be performed any time between the end of the fard prayers and the end of the current prayer's waqt.[41] Any amount of extra rakats may be offered, but most madha'ib prescribe a certain number of rakats for each sunnah salah.
Nafl salah[edit]
Main article: Nafl salah
Nafl salah (supererogatory prayers) are voluntary, and one may offer as many as he or she likes almost any time.[42] There are many specific conditions or situations when one may wish to offer nafl prayers. They cannot be offered at sunrise, true noon, or sunset.[43] The prohibition against salah at these times is to prevent the practice of sun worship.
Salat-al-Witr[edit]
Main article: Witr
Witr is performed after the salah of Isha (dusk). Some Muslims consider witr wajib while others consider it optional. It may contain any odd number of rakats from one to eleven according to the different schools of jurisprudence. However, Witr is most commonly offered with three rakats.
To end prayers for the night after Isha, the odd numbered rakats must have the niyyah of "wajib-ul-Lail", which is mandatory to "close" one's salah for that day.
Shi'ahs offer this as a one rakat salah at the end of salatul layl (the night prayer), which is an optional prayer according to some shi'ah scholars, and a wajib (obligatory) prayer according to others. This is to be prayed any time after Isha, up until fajr. The best time to pray it is the last third of the night (the night being divided into three, between maghrib and fajr of that night). It is considered highly meritorious by all shi'ah Muslims, and is said to bring numerous benefits to the believer, mainly gaining proximity to Allah. There are various methods of salatul-layl's performance, including shorter and longer versions, in the longer version the believer must perform 8 nawafil salah, in sets of 2 rakats each, then they must pray a 2 rakats salah called 'salatul shafa'ah' this is to include surah nas after surah fatihah in the first rakat and surah falaq after surah fatihah in the secound rakat, and unusually no qunut (a du'ah recited before going into ruku' of the second rakat of most prayers performed by shi'ahs) It is after this that the believer performs salatul witr, it's long method being - Starting with takbiratul ehram, then surah fatihah, then surah ikhlas, then surah falaq, then surah nas, then the hands are raised to recite qunut, upon which the believer can recite any du'a, however there are many recommended du'as for this purpose. Within qunut, the believer must pray for the forgiveness of 40 believers, then further prayers are read where the believer asks for forgiveness for himself a certain number of times using specified phrases and amounts of time to repeat those phrases. The believer then completes the salah in the usual way, by completing his qunut, reciting takbir whilst rasing his hands, going into ruku' and reciting the usual phrase for that, then returning up right and reciting takbir whilst doing so and upon being upright recites 'sami allahu liman hamida' (verily Allah has heard the one who has praised him) thereupon the believer recites takbir whilst raising his hands and goes into sajda. He recites the proscribed phrase in sajda rises, recites takbir whilst rising and then again whilst returnin to sajdah, then rises with takbir again and recites tashahud and salam, thus ending this prayer. It is then optional to recite certain other du'as and dhikr (remembrance of Allah through certain phrases and some of his names being repeated) It is then recommended to perform and sajdah ash-shukr (prostration of thanks) and to then recite ayatul kursi (verse of the throne) and then perform another sajdah ash-shukr.
Eid[edit]
Main article: Salat al Eid
Women praying in Najaf, Iraq in Eid ul-Fitr
Eid salah is performed on the morning of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha. The Eid prayer is most likely an individual obligation (fard al-ayn) and Niyyah for both Eid salah is made as Wajib, though some Islamic scholars argue it is only a collective of the obligation(fard al-kifayah).[44] It consists of two rakats, with seven (or three for the followers Imam Hanafi) takbirs offered before the start of the first rakat and five (or three for the followers of Imam Hanafi) before the second. After the salah is completed, a sermon (khutbah) is offered. However, the khutbah is not an integral part of the Eid salah.[45] The Eid salah must be offered between sunrise and true noon i.e. between the time periods for Fajr and Zuhr.
Istikhaarah[edit]
Main article: Salaat-ul-Istikhaarah
Salat al-Istikhaarah is a prayer performed when a Muslim needs guidance on a particular matter, such as whether they should marry a certain person. In order to perform this salah one should pray a normal two rakats salah to completion. After completion one should say a du'a called the Istikhaarah du'a. The intention for the salah should be in one's heart to pray two rakats of salah followed by Istikhaarah. The salah can be performed at any of the times where salah is not forbidden.
The salah must be performed in the Arabic language.
Qada[edit]
In certain circumstances one may be unable to perform one's prayer within the prescribed time period (waqt). In this case, the prayer must be performed as soon as one is able to do so. Several Ahadith narrate that Muhammad stated that permissible reasons to perform Qada Salah are forgetfulness and accidentally sleeping through the prescribed time. However, knowingly sleeping through the prescribed time for Salah is deemed impermissible.
Qasr and Jam' bayn as-Salaatayn[edit]
When travelling over long distances, one may shorten some prayers, a practice known as qasr. Furthermore, several prayer times may be joined, which is referred to as Jam' bayn as-Salaatayn. Qasr involves shortening the obligatory components of the Zuhr, Asr, and Isha prayers to two rakats. Jam' bayn as-Salaatayn combines the Zuhr and Asr prayers into one prayer offered between noon and sunset, and the Maghrib and Isha prayers into one between sunset and Fajr. Neither Qasr nor Jam' bayn as-Salaatayn can be applied to the Fajr prayer.
There is no reference to Qasr during travel within the Qur'an itself; the Qur'an allows for Qasr when there is fear of attack, but does not forbid it for travel in non-hostile circumstances.
Sajdah of forgetfulness[edit]
Main article: Sujud Sahwi
During the ritual salat prayer, if a person forgets to do one of the actions of prayer he can make up for certain actions by performing two sujud at the end of the prayer. This can only be done if specific types of actions are forgotten by the person praying.
Tahiyyatul masjid[edit]
Upon entering the mosque, "Tahiyyatul masjid" may be performed; this is to pay respects to the mosque. Every Muslim entering the mosque is encouraged to perform these two rakats.
Prayer in congregation[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
President Joko Widodo of Indonesia (front row, fourth from left) joining prayer in congregation with Vice President Jusuf Kalla (third from left), other cabinet members, and other worshippers.
Friday prayer for Muslims in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Prayer in congregation (jama'ah) is considered to have more social and spiritual benefit than praying by oneself. When praying in congregation, the people stand in straight parallel rows behind one person who conduct the prayer, called imam, and face the qibla. The imam is usually chosen to be a scholar or the one who has the best knowledge of the Qur'an, preferably someone who has memorised it (a hafiz). In the first row behind the imam, if available, would be another hafiz to correct the imam in case a mistake is made during the performance of the salah. The prayer is performed as normal, with the congregation following the actions and movements of the imam as he performs the salah.
Standing arrangement[edit]
For two people of the same gender, the imam would stand on the left and the other person is on the right. For more than two people, the imam stands one row ahead of the rest.
When the worshippers consist of men and women combined, a man is chosen as the imam. In this situation, women are typically forbidden from performing this role. This point, though unanimously agreed on by the major schools of Islam, is disputed by some groups, based partly on a hadith whose interpretation is controversial. When the congregation consists entirely of women and pre-pubescent children, one woman is chosen as imam. When men, women, and children are praying, the children's rows are usually between the men's and women's rows, with the men at the front and women at the back. Another configuration is where the men's and women's rows are side by side, separated by a curtain or other barrier, with the primary intention being for there to be no direct line of sight between male and female worshippers, following a Qur'anic injunction toward men and women each lowering their gazes (Qur'an 24:30–31).
Conducting[edit]
The prayer commences with the imam saying “Allahu akbar” out loud. For the five daily prayers, the imam would read the surah fatiha and a following section of the quran out loud only for the first two rakats of Fajr, Maghrib and Isha. To move between positions, the imam would say “Allahu akbar” out loud, such as when going to the bowing position, except when standing up again from the bowing position, when the imam would say “SamiAllahu liman hamidah” out loud. The prayer is concluded with the imam saying the taslim out loud.
A worshiper who has joined a congregation prayer late after missing rakats is called a masbuq. The masbuq would join with the rest of the group in prayer, however, when the taslim is said at the end, he or she would not say the taslim but would instead stand up and continue for the number of rakats missed. If he or she joined after the bowing stage of a rakat, then he or she would have considered to have missed that rakat.
Quranist Salah[edit]
The concept of Quranist Salah Timings has been discussed in Hujjat Allah Al-Baligha (Arabic/Urdu) by Shah Waliullah. He said that there are 3 Salah timings (prayers) instead of the 5 Salahs (prayers).[46]
The number of regular Salah mentioned by their respective names in Arabic in the Qur'an are three as follows:
Ṣalāt Fajr (Dawn Prayer) [47]
Aṣ-Ṣalāt al-Wusṭā ( The Middle Prayer) [48][49]
Ṣalāt cIshā' (Night Prayer)[47][50]
The other Salah normally prayed by most Muslims are not explicitly mentioned in Qur'an by specific Arabic terms.[47] Most Muslims pray them by giving reference to the Hadith of Muhammad, and the consensus of Muslims, whereas Quranists may only pray the 3 times mentioned.
Salah timings according to Quranists[edit]
Salah timings of Qur'an are mentioned, in particular three salah times are described [50] and that they are recorded in a written document.[51] Also noted is the volume at which the salah should be uttered, somewhere in between spoken aloud and spoken in a low tone.[52]
The time for performing Fajr (Dawn) Prayer starts when the first thin ray of light is observed in the sky[53][54] and ends at the first "taraf" (terminal) of the day, or sunrise [50]
The time for performing middle or Salat Al-Wusta can be observed from the moment the sun begins its descend from its highest point in the sky (duluk al shams) until sunset but before the darkness of the night (ghasaq al-layl) starts to set in.[49]
'Duluk ash-shams' can also mean 'sunset.' It literally means 'the rubbing of the sun.' The most accepted meaning is that this means the apparent rubbing of the sun with the horizon at sunset. Although, the meaning of a declining noon sun can also be found in Classical Arabic sources. Literally, it can imply a meaning of both sunset and dawn in its meaning of a sun making apparent contact i.e. 'rubbing' with the horizon.
The Qur'an, if we take the understanding of 'a declining noon sun' implies that the time of the Middle prayer ends with sunset.[55]
Some Quranists however believe that there are only two Salah, dawn and dusk including the times of night close to these two periods; which is Based on the Qur'an (24:58). Some groups like Ahl Al-Quran and The Submitters believe that the 5 Salah as they are practiced by Muslims today were passed down from Abraham generationally through the Arabs and the Children of Israel, to then be inherited by those who adopted the Qur'an (and rejected by most Jews and Christians), as a ritual of the religion of Abraham.The emphasize on constantly mentioning of God in holy books, is believed to be about the believers' righteous endeavors and not just performing Salah. For instance, in (51:56) when God states: "I did not create the jinn and the humans except to worship Me;" worshiping God could not mean just performing the prayer ritual all day long.
Salah in Babi Faith[edit]
In the Babi, or Bayani, Faith, salah is "one of the obligatory acts of religion" (Persian Bayan 7:19). In his writings, the Bab (born Sayyid Ali Muhammad Shirazi) laid claim to abrogating the Islamic salah, and he provided for his own version of it in the two central texts of his religion, the Persian Bayan, and the Arabic Bayan.
Prayers are to be performed from the age of maturity which is 11, according to his book, the Haykal al-Din (Temple of Religion).[56]
The Bab prescribes for a prayer to be said at noon (Arabic Bayan 7:19). This prayer is of 19 prostrations, each of which constitute a rak'ah. One is to raise the hands in the air, holding them like a book once during each rak'ah. Then, one seats themselves at the end of each rak'ah, and it is ended by standing upright. This process is to be repeated nineteen times which is according to the numerical value of the word 'wahid' (واحد).
It is inferred from the Persian Bayan (7:19), and it is stated in the other works of the Bab that this process is not necessary if one says the following words nineteen times:
"God witness that there is no god but He; to Him belongeth creation and command. He quickeneth and causeth to die, then He causeth to die and Quickeneth; and verily He is the Living, who dieth not. In His grasp is the dominion of all things; He createth what He pleaseth by His command; verily He has power over all things."[57][58]
In addition, he prescribed that the day should be divided into five parts (Arabic Bayan 11:14), according to the numerical value of the word 'bab' (باب), with the first part beginning at sunset.
Corresponding to the five parts of the day, the adhan should be recited five times by a muezzin from an elevated place so that all can hear it.
The words of after adhan are as follows:
In the first part, repeat 19×: 'La ilaha illa-Allah' (There is no god but God) and 19× 'Allah'u'ighma' (God is the All-Rich);
19× 'La illa-Allah' (the only God) and 19× 'Allah'u'Aslam' (God is the All-Knowing);
19× 'La illaha illa-Allah' and 19× 'Allah'u'Apaken' (God is the All-Wise);
19× 'La ilaha illa-Allah' and 19× 'Allah'u'Amlek' (God is the All-Possessing);
19× 'La illaha illa-Allah' and 19× 'Allah'u'Aslet' (God is the All-Powerful).[59][60]
See also[edit]
Al Ghaffar
Al-Afuw
Dua
Sabr (Islamic term)
Tasbih
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ For the able-bodied, leaning or not standing upright invalidates prayer. For those who are not able to, they can perform salat while sitting down (in case of illness or any situation like traveling in a vehicle, on a horse, etc), while lying down (in case of illness) and even with indication.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "True Islam - Number of Salat". True Islam - Number of Salat. Retrieved 2016-02-20.
Jump up ^ Multicultural Handbook of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, p. 43, Aruna Thaker, Arlene Barton, 2012
Jump up ^ al-Hassani, Abu Qanit (2009). The Guiding Helper: Main Text and Explanatory Notes. p. 123.
Jump up ^ [1][dead link]
Jump up ^ "Be Humble: It's a Sunnah". www.onislam.net. Retrieved 2015-09-28.
Jump up ^ Quran 8:2
Jump up ^ Quran 22:35
Jump up ^ Quran 29:45
Jump up ^ Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:41
Jump up ^ Narrated by At-Tabari. According to Al-Ghazali's Revival of Religious Sciences, "The last three directives which the Messenger of God repeated until his tongue began to stumble and his speech grew faint were: the salah, the salah, and those who are in your power, do not charge them to do more than they are capable of [...]." Original: وآخر ما وصى به رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ثلاث كان يتكلم بهم حتى تلجلج لسانه وخفي كلامه: جعل يقول:" الصلاة الصلاة، وما ملكت أيمانكم لا تكلفوهم ما لا يطيقون. الله الله في النساء فإنهن عوان في أيديكم - يعني أسراء - أخذتموهن بأمانة الله واستحللتم فروجهن بكلمة الله إحياء علوم الدين
^ Jump up to: a b Ismail Kamus (1993). Hidup Bertaqwa (2nd ed.). Kuala Lumpur: At Tafkir Enterprise. ISBN 983-99902-0-9.
Jump up ^ Amatullah - Eritrea (3 May 2006). Group of Muftis, ed. "When Should Children Be Encouraged to Fast? - IslamonLine.net - Ask The Scholar". islamonline.net. Archived from the original on 2007-08-18. Retrieved 23 August 2009.
Jump up ^ "Rules of Salat (Part III of III)". Al-Islam.org.
Jump up ^ "Amr ʻAbd al-Munʻim Salīm, ''Important lessons for Muslim women'', Darussalam, 2005, page 174". Books.google.com. Retrieved 2018-01-08.
Jump up ^ Sahih Bukhari 1.6.301
Jump up ^ See also [Quran 2:282]: "... and call in to witness from among your men two witnesses; but if there are not two men, then one man and two women from among those whom you choose to be witnesses, so that if one of the two errs, the second of the two may remind the other...."
Jump up ^ "Women In Islam Versus Women In The Judaeo-Christian Tradition". twf.org.
^ Jump up to: a b Quran 5:6
Jump up ^ An-Nawawi's Forty Hadiths
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck; Smith, Jane I. (2014-01-01). The Oxford Handbook of American Islam. Oxford University Press. p. 162. ISBN 9780199862634.
Jump up ^ Abdal Hakim Murad. "Understanding the Four Madhhabs". Retrieved 25 May 2010.
Jump up ^ Al-Mawrid[dead link]
Jump up ^ Swanson, Ana (2016-03-30). "Why women are more religious than men". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2018-01-08.
Jump up ^ "Share Islam" (PDF). islamtomorrow.com.
Jump up ^ "Page Title". haqqaninaqshbandiuk.com.
Jump up ^ "eShaykh: Salat Guide for Shafi'i". Google Docs.
Jump up ^ "Salat According to Shafii Fiqh". sunnah.org.
Jump up ^ "SALAH ACCORDING TO THE HANBALI SCHOOL OF THOUGHT". daruliftabirmingham.co.uk.
Jump up ^ "Imam Ali Foundation - London". najaf.org.
Jump up ^ "Understanding Salat" from Albalagh
Jump up ^ "Rules of Salat (Part III of III)". Al-Islam.org.
Jump up ^ Muslim, Prayer Times NYC. "5 Prayers in Islam". Prayer Times NYC. PBC Times. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Virtue and times of regular Sunnah prayers (Sunnah mu'akkadah) - islamqa.info". islamqa.info.
Jump up ^ "prayers". islamicsupremecouncil.com.
Jump up ^ "Namaz". World News.
Jump up ^ "Ruling on Eid prayers". Islam Question and Answer. Retrieved 2 January 2007.
Jump up ^ "Islam Today". Islam today.
Jump up ^ "Hujjat Allah Al-Baligha (Arabic / Urdu) by Shah Waliullah / Shah Wali Ullah". scribd.com.
^ Jump up to: a b c Quran 24:58
Jump up ^ Quran 2:238
^ Jump up to: a b Quran 17:78
^ Jump up to: a b c Quran 11:114
Jump up ^ Quran 4:103
Jump up ^ Quran 17:110
Jump up ^ Quran 2:187
Jump up ^ Quran 52:49
Jump up ^ Quran 38:32
Jump up ^ "The Haykal al-Dīn (Book of the Temple of Religion) | Hurqalya Publications: Center for Shaykhī and Bābī-Bahā'ī Studies". hurqalya.ucmerced.edu. Retrieved 2017-06-19.
Jump up ^ "Some Provisions of Bayan". www.bayanic.com. Retrieved 2017-06-19.
Jump up ^ "Bahai Provisions: A Rehash Of Bayan - Worship". www.bayanic.com. Retrieved 2017-06-19.
Jump up ^ In last part, repeat 19×: 'La ilaha ila- allah' and محمد رسول الله صلوات الله عليهم وآله اجمعين The Bab. Arabic Bayan. www.bahai-library.com. p. Provisional Translations. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ McEoin, Denis. Rituals in Babism and Baha'ism. Vol. 2. British Academic Press, 1994.
Further reading[edit]
A Guide to Salat (Prayer) in Islam
Smith, Jane I.; Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck (1993). The Oxford Handbook of American Islam (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 162–163.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Salat.
Video lectures on prayers
Determining time of Salat anywhere
Byan about Namaz
[show]
v
t
e
Salah (Islamic prayer)
Types of prayers (salat)
Mandatory daily prayers
Fajr
Zuhr
Asr
Maghrib
Isha
Witr (for Hanafis)
Jumu'ah (Friday prayer)
Communal mandatory
Salat al-Janazah
prayers for the absent
Congregational prayers
Jumu'ah
Tarawih
Supererogatory prayers
Sunnah salah
Nafl salah
Witr
Duha
Tahajjud
Special-purpose prayers
Salat al-Istikharah
Salat al-Eid
Prayer unit (raka'ah) and
components of prayer unit
Basmala
Glorifying Allah (Takbir)
Standing in salat
Sitting in salat
Recitation of Quran (Tajweed)
Bowing (Ruku)
Prostrating (Sajdah)
Tashahhud
Taslim
Sujud Sahwi
Mosque
Mihrab
Podium (Minbar)
Sermon (Khutbah)
Musalla
Prayer rug
Conditions
Call to prayer (Adhan
Iqama)
Salat times
Qibla
Ablution (Wudu)
Dry ablution (Tayammum)
Full ablution (Ghusl)
Screen or barrier (Sutrah)
Category
[show]
v
t
e
The obligatory prayers
Fajr prayer
Zuhr prayer
Asr prayer
Maghrib prayer
Isha prayer
Jumu'ah prayer
[show]
v
t
e
Islam topics
Outline of Islam
Beliefs
God in Islam
Tawhid
Muhammad
In Islam
Prophets of Islam
Angels
Revelation
Predestination
Judgement Day
Five Pillars
Shahada
Salah
Sawm
Zakat
Hajj
History
Leaders
Timeline of Muslim history
Conquests
Golden Age
Historiography
Sahaba
Ahl al-Bayt
Shi'a Imams
Caliphates
Rashidun
Umayyad
Abbasid
Córdoba
Fatimid
Almohad
Sokoto
Ottoman
Religious texts
Quran
Sunnah
Hadith
Tafsir
Seerah
Denominations
Sunni
Shia
Ibadi
Nation of Islam
Ahmadiyya
Quranism
Non-denominational
Life
Culture
Animals
Art
Calendar
Children
Clothing
Holidays
Mosques
Madrasas
Moral teachings
Music
Philosophy
Political aspects
Qurbani
Science
medieval
Social welfare
Women
LGBT
Islam by country
[show]
Law
Jurisprudence
Economics
Banking
Economic history
Sukuk
Takaful
Murabaha
Riba
Hygiene
Ghusl
Miswak
Najis
Tayammum
Toilet
Wudu
Marriage
Sex
Marriage contract
Mahr
Mahram
Masturbation
Nikah
Nikah Mut‘ah
Zina
Other aspects
Cleanliness
Criminal
Dhabiĥa
Dhimmi
Divorce
Diet
Ethics
Etiquette
Gambling
Gender segregation
Honorifics
Hudud
Inheritance
Jizya
Leadership
Ma malakat aymanukum
Military
POWs
Slavery
Sources of law
Theological
baligh
kalam
[show]
Islamic studies
Arts
Arabesque
Architecture
Calligraphy
Carpets
Gardens
Geometric patterns
Music
Pottery
Medieval science
Alchemy and chemistry
Astronomy
Cosmology
Geography and cartography
Mathematics
Medicine
Ophthalmology
Physics
Philosophy
Early
Contemporary
Eschatology
Theological
Other areas
Astrology
Creationism (evolution)
Feminism
Inventions
Liberalism and progressivism
Literature
poetry
Psychology
Shu'ubiyya
Conversion to mosques
Other religions
Christianity
Mormonism
Protestantism
Hinduism
Jainism
Judaism
Sikhism
Related topics
Apostasy
Criticism of Islam
Cultural Muslim
Islamism
Criticism
Post-Islamism
Qutbism
Salafi movement
Islamophobia
Incidents
Islamic terrorism
Islamic view of miracles
Domestic violence
Nursing
Persecution of Muslims
Quran and miracles
Symbolism
Islam portal
Category
Authority control
LCCN: sh00008529
GND: 4803263-3
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salah&oldid=836914773"
Categories:
Islamic terminology
Salat
Hidden categories:
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from January 2018
Articles containing Arabic-language text
Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL
Use dmy dates from October 2010
Articles containing Persian-language text
Articles containing Chechen-language text
Articles containing Lak-language text
Articles containing Avar-language text
Articles lacking reliable references from February 2016
All articles lacking reliable references
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from October 2016
Articles needing additional references from July 2008
All articles needing additional references
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Acèh
Afrikaans
العربية
অসমীয়া
Asturianu
Авар
Azərbaycanca
বাংলা
Башҡортса
Беларуская
Български
Bosanski
Català
Чӑвашла
Čeština
Cymraeg
Dansk
Deutsch
ދިވެހިބަސް
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
فارسی
Français
ગુજરાતી
한국어
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Hrvatski
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
Basa Jawa
ქართული
कॉशुर / کٲشُر
Қазақша
Kurdî
Кыргызча
Лакку
Latviešu
Lëtzebuergesch
Lietuvių
മലയാളം
मराठी
მარგალური
مصرى
Bahasa Melayu
Baso Minangkabau
Nederlands
नेपाली
日本語
Нохчийн
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
پنجابی
Polski
Português
Qırımtatarca
Română
Русский
Scots
Shqip
සිංහල
Simple English
سنڌي
Soomaaliga
کوردی
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Basa Sunda
Suomi
Svenska
தமிழ்
Татарча/tatarça
తెలుగు
ไทย
Тоҷикӣ
Türkçe
Українська
اردو
Tiếng Việt
Zazaki
中文
76 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 17 April 2018, at 16:27.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

tag: div

attr: id class

value: mw-page-base noprint

key: html

type: local

value: mw-head-base noprint

tag: a

attr: id class lang

value: firstHeading firstHeading en

value: siteSub noprint

value: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attr: href class title

value:
/wiki/Salah_(disambiguation)
mw-disambig
Salah (disambiguation)

attr: role class

value:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value:
/wiki/Salat_(disambiguation)
mw-disambig
Salat (disambiguation)

tag: p

tag: img

attr: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attr: href class

attr: class style

attr: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

tag: td

attr: href title

tag: b

value:
mbox-text plainlist
vertical-align:middle; font-size:95%;

value: background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000;width: 22em;

value: font-size: 105%; padding: 0.2em 0.2em 0.4em; text-align: center; display: none;

value: font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;

value: padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.3em;font-weight:bold;border-top: 1px solid #aaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.1em;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;

value: float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;

value:
/wiki/File:Basmala.svg
image
Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim

value: padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em;font-size:88%; line-height:200%;

value:
/wiki/File:Mosque02.svg
image
Silhouette of a mosque

value:
/wiki/Sawm_of_Ramadan
mw-redirect
Sawm of Ramadan

value:
/wiki/Islamic_view_of_angels
mw-redirect
Islamic view of angels

value:
/wiki/Traditionalist_Theology_(Islam)
mw-redirect
Traditionalist Theology (Islam)

value: font-size: 105%; padding: 0.2em 0px 0.4em; text-align: center; display: none;

value:
/wiki/Imamah_(Shia_doctrine)
mw-redirect
Imamah (Shia doctrine)

value: DIN 31635 Arabic (Arabic language) transliteration

value: American Library Association – Library of Congress transliteration

value: Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

value:
/wiki/Urdu_language
mw-redirect
Urdu language

value: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Primary_sources

value:
/wiki/Sahih_Bukhari
mw-redirect
Sahih Bukhari

value: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2016)

value:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

value:
/wiki/As-Salamu_Alaykum
mw-redirect
As-Salamu Alaykum

value: background: white; border: 1px solid #999; padding: 2em;

value:
/wiki/Usul_al-fiqh
mw-redirect
Usul al-fiqh

value:
/wiki/Imam_Abu_Hanifa
mw-redirect
Imam Abu Hanifa

value:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

value:
/wiki/Sunnah_salah
mw-redirect
Sunnah salah

value:
/wiki/Sun_worship
mw-redirect
Sun worship

value:
/wiki/Eid_ul-Fitr
mw-redirect
Eid ul-Fitr

value:
/wiki/Arabic_language
mw-redirect
Arabic language

value: Edit section: Qasr and Jam' bayn as-Salaatayn

value: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

value: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

value:
/wiki/Hafiz_(Qur%27an)
mw-redirect
Hafiz (Qur'an)

value:
/wiki/Quran_alone
mw-redirect
Quran alone

value: Edit section: Salah timings according to Quranists

value:
/wiki/Sabr_(Islamic_term)
mw-redirect
Sabr (Islamic term)

value:
nofollow
external text
http://islamqa.info/en/ref/33779

value:
nofollow
external text
http://wn.com/namaz

value:
nofollow
http://hurqalya.ucmerced.edu/node/1281/
external text

value: -moz-column-width: 20em; -webkit-column-width: 20em; column-width: 20em; list-style-type: decimal;

value:
nofollow
http://www.salat-time.com/
external text

value:
navbox-image
4
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

value: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

value: Template talk:The obligatory prayers (page does not exist)

value:
/wiki/Islamic_Holy_Books
mw-redirect
Islamic Holy Books

value:
/wiki/Qadr_(doctrine)
mw-redirect
Qadr (doctrine)

value:
/wiki/Muslim_conquests
mw-redirect
Muslim conquests

value:
/wiki/Muslim_holidays
mw-redirect
Muslim holidays

value:
/wiki/Islam_and_science
mw-redirect
Islam and science

value:
LawJurisprudence
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em
hlist hlist-separated

value:
/wiki/Muslim_hygienical_jurisprudence
mw-redirect
Muslim hygienical jurisprudence

value:
/wiki/Nikah_mut%E2%80%98ah
mw-redirect
Nikah mut‘ah

value:
/wiki/Gender_segregation_and_Muslims
mw-redirect
Gender segregation and Muslims

value:
/wiki/Islamic_theological_jurisprudence
mw-redirect
Islamic theological jurisprudence

value:
/wiki/Ilm_al-Kalam
mw-redirect
Ilm al-Kalam

value: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup

value:
/wiki/Arabesque_(Islamic_art)
mw-redirect
Arabesque (Islamic art)

value: Geography and cartography in medieval Islam

value: List of inventions in the medieval Islamic world

value: Liberalism and progressivism within Islam

value: Conversion of non-Muslim places of worship into mosques

value:
/wiki/Islam_and_Protestantism
mw-redirect
Islam and Protestantism

attr: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

value:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/4803263-3

value: Category:All articles with dead external links

value: Category:Articles with dead external links from January 2018

value: Category:Articles containing Arabic-language text

value: Category:Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL

value: Category:Use dmy dates from October 2010

value: Category:Articles containing Persian-language text

value: Category:Articles containing Chechen-language text

value: Category:Articles containing Lak-language text

value: Category:Articles containing Avar-language text

value: Category:Articles lacking reliable references from February 2016

value: Category:All articles lacking reliable references

value: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

value: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2016

value: Category:Articles needing additional references from July 2008

value: Category:All articles needing additional references

value: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

value: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

value: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

value: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

value: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

value: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

value:
/wiki/Salah
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

value: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

value: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

value:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

value:
/w/index.php?title=Salah&action=edit
Edit this page [ctrl-alt-e]
e

value: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

value: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

value:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

value:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

value:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

value: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

value: Find background information on current events

value:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

value: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

value: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

value: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

value: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

value: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

value: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

value: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

value:
https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salat
Salat – Achinese
ace
ace
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ace
display: none;

value:
https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salat
Salat – Afrikaans
af
af
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-af
display: none;

value: الصلاة في الإسلام – Arabic

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-as
display: none;

value:
https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salat
Salat – Asturian
ast
ast
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ast
display: none;

value:
https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namaz
Namaz – Azerbaijani
az
az
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-az
display: none;

value: নামায – Bangla

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bn
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ba
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

value:
https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namaz
Namaz – Bosnian
bs
bs
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bs
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cv
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

value:
https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salah
Salah – Welsh
cy
cy
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cy
display: none;

value:
https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salah
Salah – Danish
da
da
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-de
display: none;

value: ނަމާދު – Divehi

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-dv
display: none;

value: Σαλάτ – Greek

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-el
display: none;

value:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salat
Salat – Spanish
es
es
interlanguage-link-target

value:
https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salat
Salat – Esperanto
eo
eo
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eo
display: none;

value: نماز (اسلام) – Persian

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fr
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gu
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hy
display: none;

value: नमाज़ – Hindi

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hr
display: none;

value:
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salat
Salat – Indonesian
id
id
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-id
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

value:
https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salat
Salat – Javanese
jv
jv
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-jv
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ka
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ks
display: none;

value: Намаз – Kazakh

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kk
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ku
display: none;

value: Намаз – Kyrgyz

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ky
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lv
display: none;

value:
https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salat
Salat – Luxembourgish
lb
lb
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lb
display: none;

value:
https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salat
Salat – Lithuanian
lt
lt
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lt
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ml
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mr
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-arz
display: none;

value:
https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solat
Solat – Malay
ms
ms
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ms
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-min
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ne
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ja
display: none;

value:
https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salah
Salah – Norwegian
no
no
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

value:
https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salah
Salah – Norwegian Nynorsk
nn
nn
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nn
display: none;

value:
https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namoz
Namoz – Uzbek
uz
uz
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uz
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pa
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

value:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sal%C3%A1
Salá – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pt
display: none;

value:
https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namaz
Namaz – Crimean Tatar
crh
crh
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-crh
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ro
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ru
display: none;

value:
https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salat
Salat – Scots
sco
sco
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sco
display: none;

value:
https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namazi
Namazi – Albanian
sq
sq
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sq
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-si
display: none;

value:
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salat
Salat – Simple English
simple
simple
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sd
display: none;

value:
https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salaad
Salaad – Somali
so
so
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-so
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb
display: none;

value: Намаз (ислам) – Serbian

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

value:
https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salat
Salat – Serbo-Croatian
sh
sh
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sh
display: none;

value:
https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solat
Solat – Sundanese
su
su
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-su
display: none;

value:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salat
Salat – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

value:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salah
Salah – Swedish
sv
sv
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

value: தொழுகை – Tamil

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ta
display: none;

value: Намаз – Tatar

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tt
display: none;

value: నమాజ్ – Telugu

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-te
display: none;

value: ละหมาด – Thai

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

value: Намоз – Tajik

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tg
display: none;

value:
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namaz
Namaz – Turkish
tr
tr
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

value:
https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salat
Salat – Vietnamese
vi
vi
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

value:
https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemac
Nemac – Zazaki
diq
diq
interlanguage-link-target

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-diq
display: none;

value: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

value: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Salah rootpage-Salah skin-vector action-view