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Capture of USS Chesapeake
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Capture of USS Chesapeake
Part of the War of 1812
The Brilliant Achievement of the Shannon ... in boarding and capturing the United States Frigate Chesapeake off Boston, 1 June 1813 in fifteen minutes by W. Elmes.
Date
1 June 1813
Location
off Boston, Massachusetts, Boston Harbor, Atlantic Ocean
Result
British victory
Belligerents
United Kingdom United States
Commanders and leaders
Philip Broke James Lawrence †
Strength
1 38-gun frigate
330 Sailors and Marines 1 38-gun frigate
379 Sailors and Marines
Casualties and losses
1 frigate damaged
23 killed
56 wounded 1 frigate captured
~48 killed
~331 captured (99 wounded)[1]
[show]
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t
e
Naval battles of the War of 1812
Atlantic Ocean
USS Essex vs HMS Alert
USS Constitution vs HMS Guerriere
Capture of HMS Frolic
USS United States vs HMS Macedonian
USS Constitution vs HMS Java
Sinking of HMS Peacock
Rappahannock River
Capture of USS Chesapeake
Capture of HMS Dominica
Capture of USS Argus
Capture of HMS Boxer
Capture of USS Frolic
Capture of HMS Epervier
Sinking of HMS Reindeer
Sinking of HMS Avon
Fayal
Capture of USS President
Capture of HMS Cyane and HMS Levant
Capture of HMS Penguin
Capture of East India Company ship Nautilus
East Coast
Chesapeake Bay
Alexandria
Baltimore
Hampden
Fort Peter
Great Lakes / Saint Lawrence River
Lake Ontario
1st Sacket's Harbor
York
Fort George
2nd Sacket's Harbor
Lake Erie
Fort Oswego
Lake Huron
Lake Champlain
West Indies / Gulf Coast
La Guaira
1st Fort Bowyer
Action of 13 December 1814
Lake Borgne
New Orleans
Fort St. Philip
2nd Fort Bowyer
Pacific Ocean
James Island
Charles Island
Nuku Hiva
Downes Expedition
Porter Expedition
Typee Valley
Valparaiso (Capture of USS Essex)
Seringapatam Mutiny
Action of 9 May 1814
The Capture of USS Chesapeake, or the Battle of Boston Harbor, was fought on 1 June 1813, between the Royal Navy's frigate HMS Shannon and American frigate USS Chesapeake, as part of the War of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain. The Chesapeake was captured in a brief but intense action in which over 80 men were killed. This was the only frigate action of the war in which there was no preponderance of force on either side.
At Boston, Captain James Lawrence took command of Chesapeake on 20 May 1813, and on 1 June, put to sea to meet the waiting HMS Shannon, commanded by Captain Philip Broke, the frigate whose written challenge had just missed Chesapeake's sailing. Chesapeake suffered early in the exchange of gunfire, having her wheel and fore topsail halyard shot away, rendering her unmanoeuvrable. Lawrence himself was mortally wounded and was carried below. The American crew, struggled to carry out their captain's last order, "Don't give up the ship!", but the British boarding party overwhelmed them. The battle was notably intense but of short duration, lasting ten to fifteen minutes, in which time 252 men were killed or wounded. Shannon's captain was severely injured in fighting on the forecastle. Chesapeake and her crew were taken to Halifax, Nova Scotia, where the sailors were imprisoned; the ship was repaired and taken into service by the Royal Navy. She was sold at Portsmouth, England in 1819 and broken up. Surviving timbers were used to build the nearby Chesapeake Mill in Wickham and can be seen and visited to this day. Shannon survived longer, being broken up in 1859.
Contents
[hide]
1 Prelude
1.1 Philip Broke and his naval gunnery
1.2 James Lawrence
1.3 Issuing a challenge
2 Battle
2.1 Gunnery duel
2.2 The British board
2.3 Chesapeake is taken
3 Aftermath
4 In Fiction
5 Notes
6 References
7 Bibliography
Prelude[edit]
Philip Broke and his naval gunnery[edit]
Captain Philip Broke
During his long period in command of Shannon, Captain Philip Broke of the Royal Navy introduced many practical refinements to his 'great guns', which were virtually unheard of elsewhere in contemporary naval gunnery. He had 'dispart sights' fitted to his 18-pounder long guns, which improved aiming as they compensated for the narrowing of the barrels from the breech to the muzzle. He had adjustable tangent sights that would give accuracy at different ranges. He had the elevating 'quoins' (wedge-shaped pieces of wood placed under the breech) of his long guns grooved to mark various degrees of elevation so that his guns could be reliably levelled to fire horizontally in any state of heeling of the ship under a press of sail. The carronades were similarly treated, but the elevating screws on these cannon were marked in paint. As the decks of contemporary ships curved upwards towards the stern and bows, he cut down the wheels on the "up-slope" side of each cannon's carriage in order that all guns were level with the horizon. He also introduced a system where bearings were incised into the deck next to each gun; fire could then be directed to any bearing independent of the ability of any particular gun crew to see the target. Fire from the whole battery could also be focused on any part of an enemy ship.[2]
Broke drilled his crew to an extremely high standard of naval gunnery; he regularly had them fire at targets, such as floating barrels. Often these drills would be made into competitions to see which gun crew could hit the target and how fast they could do so. He even had his gun crews fire at targets 'blindfold' to good effect; they were only given the bearing to lay their gun on without being allowed to sight the gun on the target themselves. This constituted a very early example of 'director firing'.[3]
In addition to these gunnery drills, Broke was fond of preparing hypothetical scenarios to test his crew. For example, after all hands had been drummed to quarters, he would inform them of a theoretical attack and see how they would act to defend the ship. Though the use of cutlasses in training was avoided a method of swordsmanship training called 'singlestick' was regularly practised. This was a game employing roughly similar cuts, thrusts and parries as were used with the cutlass, but as it was played with wooden sticks with wicker hand guards; hits, although painful, were not often dangerous. It soon developed quickness of eye and wrist. Many of the crew became very expert.[4][5]
James Lawrence[edit]
Captain James Lawrence
Commander Lawrence of the United States Navy returned from a successful war cruise having defeated the sloop HMS Peacock. He was promoted to captain for his victory, and received orders to take command of USS Chesapeake. It was not a command that he particularly wanted. He had hoped for the larger frigate USS Constitution instead. Lawrence travelled to Boston.[6] He found that most of the former crew of Chesapeake had left over a dispute over prize money and had since been replaced. Lawrence's prior experience of the British Navy worked against him. In his former battle with HMS Peacock the warship had been bravely fought, but the British gunnery had been nothing less than atrocious.[7] His crew was laden with good seamen; however, they lacked the time working together that was needed to change a collection of good seamen into an efficient fighting crew.[8] Lawrence's assumptions concerning the poor quality of the opposition would leave him over-confident in facing the adversary he was about to encounter.
Issuing a challenge[edit]
HMS Shannon, depicted in 1855 near the end of her working life
Eager to engage and defeat one of the American frigates that had already scored a number of victories over the Royal Navy in single-ship confrontations, Broke prepared a challenge. USS President had already slipped out of the harbour under the cover of fog and had evaded the British. Constitution was undergoing extensive repairs and alterations and would not be ready for sea in the foreseeable future. However, Chesapeake appeared to be ready to put to sea. Consequently Broke decided to challenge Chesapeake, which had been refitting in Boston harbour under the command of Captain James Lawrence, offering single ship-to-ship combat. Whilst patrolling offshore, Shannon had intercepted and captured a number of American ships attempting to reach the harbour. After sending two of them off to Halifax, he found that his crew was being dangerously reduced. Broke therefore resorted to burning the rest of the prizes in order to conserve his highly trained crew in anticipation of the battle with Chesapeake. The boats from the burnt prizes were sent into Boston, carrying Broke's oral invitation to Lawrence to come out and engage him. Broke had already sent Tenedos away in the hope that the more favourable odds would entice the Americans out, but eventually began to despair that Chesapeake would ever come out of the harbour. He finally decided to send a written challenge.[9] In this he was copying his adversary. Lawrence had earlier in the war, when captain of the sloop of war Hornet, sent a written invitation to the captain of the British sloop of war Bonne Citoyenne to a single-ship contest. Lawrence's offer had been declined.[10]
As the Chesapeake appears now ready for sea, I request you will do me the favour to meet the Shannon with her, ship to ship, to try the fortune of our respective flags. The Shannon mounts twenty-four guns upon her broadside and one light boat-gun; 18 pounders upon her maindeck, and 32-pounder carronades upon her quarterdeck and forecastle; and is manned with a complement of 300 men and boys, beside thirty seamen, boys, and passengers, who were taken out of recaptured vessels lately. I entreat you, sir, not to imagine that I am urged by mere personal vanity to the wish of meeting the Chesapeake, or that I depend only upon your personal ambition for your acceding to this invitation. We have both noble motives. You will feel it as a compliment if I say that the result of our meeting may be the most grateful service I can render to my country; and I doubt not that you, equally confident of success, will feel convinced that it is only by repeated triumphs in even combats that your little navy can now hope to console your country for the loss of that trade it can no longer protect. Favour me with a speedy reply. We are short of provisions and water, and cannot stay long here.
—  Philip Broke, original message edited by James and Chamier 1837[11][Note 1]
USS Chesapeake, modern painting by F. Muller
Captain Lawrence did not in fact receive Broke's letter and, according to author Ian W. Toll, it would not have made the slightest difference; Lawrence intended to sail USS Chesapeake at the first day of favourable weather.[12] The fact that it was not in his nation's interests at this point in the war to be challenging British frigates seems to have not entered into his reasoning. When USS President had slipped out of harbor, it was to embark on a commerce-raiding mission, which was deemed in the U.S. national interest.[13] Half of the officers and up to one quarter of the crew were new to the ship. In the short time he was in command of the Chesapeake Lawrence had twice exercised his crew at the great guns, walking the decks and personally supervising the drill. He also instigated a signal, a bugle call, to call on his crew to board an enemy vessel. Unfortunately the only crew member able to produce a note on the bugle was a "dull-witted" 'loblolly boy' (surgeon's assistant) called William Brown.[14] Lawrence believed that he would win the battle and wrote two quick notes, one to the Secretary of the Navy pronouncing his intentions, and another to his brother in-law asking him to look after Lawrence's wife and children in event of his death.[12]
Bostonians and their neighbours anticipated great results from the celebrated Lawrence and his crew. Local authorities reserved a space at the docks in expectation of accommodating the captured British man-of-war. Also plans were set in motion for a gala victory banquet. As the American warship moved down the harbour, citizens raced to vantage points to witness the fight. Crowds gathered on available heights from Lynn to Malden and from Cohasset to Scituate. A diarist likened the Salem crowds to swarms of bees. The more daring took to boats to follow the Chesapeake. A Boston newspaper reported the bay being covered with civilian craft of all kinds. [15]
HMS Shannon had been off Boston for 56 days and was running short of provisions, whilst the extended period at sea was wearing the ship down. She would be at a disadvantage facing USS Chesapeake, fresh from harbour and a refit. A boat was despatched carrying the invitation, manned by a Mr Slocum, a discharged American prisoner. The boat had not reached the shore when Chesapeake was seen underway, sailing out of the harbour.[16] She was flying three American ensigns and a large white flag at the foremast inscribed 'Free Trade and Sailor's Rights'.[17] Shannon carried 276 officers, seamen and marines of her proper complement, eight recaptured seamen, 22 Irish labourers who had been 48 hours in the ship, of whom only four could speak English,[18] and 24 boys, of whom about 13 were under 12 years of age. Broke had trained his gun crews to fire accurate broadsides into the hulls of enemy vessels, with the aim of killing their gun crews, rather than attempting to disable the enemy ship by firing at the masts and rigging. This was, however, the standard Royal Navy practise of the time, only Broke's efficiency in gunnery training distinguished him in this regard. Lawrence, meanwhile, was confident in his ship, especially since she carried a substantially larger crew. Previous American victories over Royal Navy ships left him expectant of success.[19] Just before the engagement, the American crew gave three cheers.
The two ships had in one another about as close a match in size and force as was possible, given the variations in ship design and armament existing between contemporary navies.[20] USS Chesapeake's (rated at 38 guns) armament of 28 18-pounder long guns was an exact match for HMS Shannon. Measurements proved the ships to be about the same deck length, the only major difference being the ships' complements: Chesapeake's 379 against the Shannon's 330.[21]
Comparison of combatant vessels (English measurement methods used for both ships; dimensions from Gardiner (2006) pp. 25, 32 and armament from Padfield p. 140)
HMS Shannon
USS Chesapeake
Length (gundeck) 150 ft 2 in (45.77 m) 151 ft 0 in (46.02 m)
Beam 39 ft 11 in (12.17 m) 40 ft 11 in (12.47 m)
Tonnage 1065 tons 1135 tons
Complement 330 men 379 men
Armament 28 × 18-pounder long guns
16 × 32-pounder carronades
2 × 9-pounder dismantling guns
1 × 6-pounder long gun
1 × 12-pounder boat carronade 28 × 18-pounder long guns
20 × 32-pounder carronades
1 × 18-pounder chase gun
Battle[edit]
Gunnery duel[edit]
Chesapeake, left, shortening sail as she bears down on Shannon, who has backed her main topsail to await the American ship. Aquatint by Robert Dodd, London, 1813
As the American ship approached, Broke spoke to his crew, ending with a description of his philosophy of gunnery, "Throw no shot away. Aim every one. Keep cool. Work steadily. Fire into her quarters – maindeck to maindeck, quarterdeck to quarterdeck. Don't try to dismast her. Kill the men and the ship is yours."[22]
The two ships met at half past five in the afternoon, 20 nautical miles (37 km) east of the Boston Light, between Cape Ann and Cape Cod. Shannon was flying a weather-worn blue ensign, and her dilapidated outside appearance after a long period at sea suggested that she would be an easy opponent. Observing the Chesapeake's many flags, a sailor had questioned Broke: "Mayn't we have three ensigns, sir, like she has?" "No," said Broke, "we've always been an unassuming ship."[23] HMS Shannon refused to fire upon USS Chesapeake as she bore down, nor would USS Chesapeake rake HMS Shannon despite having the weather gage.[24] Lawrence's behaviour that day earned him praise from the British officers for gallantry.
The two ships opened fire just before 18:00 at a range of about 35 metres (115 ft), with Shannon scoring the first hit, striking Chesapeake on one of her forward gunports with two round shot and a bag of musket balls fired by William Mindham, the gun captain of the aftmost of Shannon's starboard 18-pounders.[25] Chesapeake was moving faster than Shannon, and as she ranged down the side of the British ship, the destruction inflicted by the precise and methodical gunnery of the British crew moved aft with the American's forward gun crews suffering the heaviest losses. However, the American crew were well drilled and, despite their losses, returned fire briskly. As Chesapeake was heeling, many of their shots struck the water or waterline of Shannon causing little damage, but American carronade fire caused serious damage to Shannon's rigging.[26] In particular, a 32-pound carronade ball struck the piled shot for the Shannon's 12-pounder gun that was stowed in the main chains; the shot was propelled through the timbers to scatter like hail across the gundeck.[27]
The commencement of the action, with the two frigates exchanging gunfire at close range. Lithograph by L. Haghe, London, 1830.
As the distance closed, the Shannon's gun crews and topmen kept up a relentless fire, and the unprotected quarter-deck became as uninhabitable as the surface of the moon.
—  Ian W. Toll [28]
Captain Lawrence realised that his ship's speed would take it past Shannon and ordered a 'pilot's luff'.[29] This was a small and brief turn to windward which would make the sails shiver and reduce the ship's speed. Just after Chesapeake began this limited turn away from Shannon, she had her means of manoeuvring entirely disabled as a second round of accurate British fire caused more losses, most critically to the men and officers manning Chesapeake's quarterdeck. Here the helmsmen were killed by a 9-pounder gun that Broke had ordered installed on the quarter deck for that very purpose, and the same gun shortly afterwards shot away the wheel itself.[30] Surviving American gun crews did land hits on Shannon in their second round of fire, especially American carronade fire which swept Shannon's forecastle, killing three men, wounding others and disabling Shannon's nine pounder bow gun[31] while one round shot demolished Shannon's ship's bell.[32]
The crisis-point of the engagement - Chesapeake (right) has run ahead of Shannon and is 'luffing up' out of control, and presenting her stern quarter to Shannon's broadside. If the image is entirely accurate it must represent the moment after Chesapeake's helm had been destroyed, but before her fore-topsail halyard was shot away.[33]
At almost the same time as Chesapeake lost control of her helm, her fore-topsail halyard was shot away, her fore-topsail yard then dropped, and she 'luffed up'.[34] Losing her forward momentum, she yawed further into the wind until she was 'in irons', her sails were pressed back against her masts and she then made sternway (went backwards). Her port stern quarter (rear left corner) made contact with Shannon's starboard side, level with the fifth gunport from the bow, and Chesapeake was caught by the projecting fluke of one of Shannon's anchors, which had been stowed on the gangway. Chesapeake's spanker boom then swung over the deck of the British ship. Mr Stevens, Broke's boatswain, lashed the boom inboard to keep the two ships together, and lost an arm as he did so.[35]
Trapped against Shannon at an angle in which few of her guns could fire on the British ship, and unable to manoeuvre away, Chesapeake's stern now became exposed and was swept by raking fire. Earlier in the action Shannon's gunnery had devastated Chesapeake's forward gun crews; this destruction was now inflicted on the gun crews in the aft part of the ship. The American ship's situation worsened when a small open cask of musket cartridges abaft the mizzen-mast blew up. When the smoke cleared, Broke judged the time was right and gave the order to board. Captain Lawrence also gave the order to board, but the frightened bugler aboard Chesapeake, William Brown, failed to sound the call, and only those near Lawrence heard his command. By this time Lawrence was the only officer left on the upper deck, as Lieutenants Ludlow and Ballard had been wounded. Lieutenant Cox, who had brought up men from the lower deck to form a boarding party, reached the quarterdeck only to find that his captain had been badly, indeed mortally, wounded by a musket ball. Lawrence was clinging to the binnacle in order to stay upright; Cox, who had served all his sea life with Lawrence, carried him down to the cockpit with the help of two sailors. As he was being taken down Lawrence called out "Tell the men to fire faster! Don't give up the ship!"[36]
The British board[edit]
Contrasting impressions of the taking of the Chesapeake
Broke leads the boarding party aboard Chesapeake. In reality Broke wore a 'round hat' not a cocked hat in action.
George Cruikshank portrayed the Americans as hapless and cowardly
The berth deck of a 38 gun frigate - HMS Trincomalee.
In contrast to the confusion and loss of leadership aboard the American vessel, the British boarding party was being effectively organised. A number of small-arms men rushed aboard Chesapeake, led by Broke, including the purser, Mr G. Aldham, and the clerk, Mr John Dunn. Aldham and Dunn were killed as they crossed the gangway, but the rest of the party made it onto Chesapeake. Captain Broke, at the head of not more than twenty men, stepped from the rail of the waist-hammock netting onto the muzzle of the after-carronade of Chesapeake, and from there he jumped down to her quarterdeck. As the British boarded there were no American officers left on the quarterdeck to organise resistance.[37]
The maindeck of Chesapeake was almost deserted, having been swept by Shannon's gunfire; the surviving gun crews had either responded to the call for boarders or had taken refuge below. Two American officers, Lieutenant Cox (who had returned from carrying Captain Lawrence down to the surgeon) and Midshipman Russell saw that the aftmost 18-pounders on the port side, still bore on Shannon and working between them managed to fire both.[36]
Lieutenant Ludlow, who had been slightly wounded and had gone down to Chesapeake's cockpit for treatment, now returned to the upper decks, rallying some of the American crew as he did so. Lieutenant Budd joined him with a band of men he had led up the fore-hatch. Ludlow led them in a counter-attack which pushed the British back as far as the binnacle. However, a wave of British reinforcements arrived, Ludlow received a mortal wound from a cutlass, and the Americans were again thrown back. James Bulger, one of Shannon's Irishmen, charged into the Americans wielding a boarding pike and shouting Gaelic curses - "And then did I not spit them, beJaysus!" Lacking officers to lead them (Lieutenant Budd had also been wounded by a cutlass) and lacking support from below, the Americans were driven back by the boarders. American resistance then fell apart, with the exception of a band of men on the forecastle and those in the tops. A number of the Americans driven from the upper decks jostled each other to get down the main hatchway to the comparative safety of the berth deck. Seeing this, Lt. Cox called to them, "You damned cowardly sons of bitches! What are you jumping below for?" When asked by a nearby midshipman if he should stop them by cutting a few down, Cox replied, "No sir, it is of no use." [38]
Fighting had also been ongoing between the tops (platforms at the junction of mast and topmast) of the ships, as rival sharpshooters fired upon their opponents and upon sailors on the exposed decks below. While the ships were locked together, the British marksmen, led by midshipman William Smith, commander of the fore-top, stormed Chesapeake's fore-top over the yard-arm and killed all the Americans there. Following this, the wind tore the two ships apart, and Chesapeake was blown around the bows of Shannon. This left the British boarders, about fifty-strong, stranded. However, organised resistance aboard the American ship had almost ceased by this time.[39]
Broke himself led a charge against a number of the Americans who had managed to rally on the forecastle. Three American sailors, probably from the rigging, descended and attacked him. Taken by surprise, he killed the first, but the second hit him with a musket which stunned him, whilst the third sliced open his skull with his sabre, knocking him to the deck. Before the sailor could finish Broke off, the American was bayoneted by a British Marine named John Hill. Shannon's crew rallied to the defence of their captain and carried the forecastle, killing the remaining Americans. Broke sat, dizzied and weak, on a carronade slide, and his head was bound up by William Mindham, who used his own neckerchief. One of Shannon's lieutenants, Provo Wallis, believed that Broke's three assailants were probably British deserters. The desperate and violent attempt on Broke's life made by these men may have been motivated by the fact that they faced the death penalty under the Royal Navy's Articles of War as deserters.[40] Meanwhile, Shannon's First Lieutenant, Mr George T. L. Watt, had attempted to hoist the British colours over Chesapeake's, but this was misinterpreted aboard Shannon, and he was hit in the forehead by grapeshot and killed as he did so.[41]
Chesapeake is taken[edit]
An 1830 representation of HMS Shannon leading the captured American frigate Chesapeake into Halifax, Nova Scotia in June 1813
The British had cleared the upper decks of American resistance, and most of Chesapeake's crew had taken refuge on the berth deck.[42] A musket or pistol shot from the berth deck killed a British marine, William Young, who was guarding the main hatchway. The furious British crewmen then began firing through the hatchway at the Americans crowded below. Lieutenant Charles Leslie Falkiner of Shannon, the leader of the boarders who had rushed the maindeck, restored order by threatening to blow out the brains of the next person to fire. He then demanded that the Americans send up the man who had killed Young, adding that Chesapeake was taken and "We have three hundred men aboard. If there is another act of hostility you will be called up on deck one by one – and shot." Falkiner was given command of Chesapeake as a British prize-vessel.[43]
Shannon's midshipmen during the action were Messers. Smith, Leake, Clavering, Raymond, Littlejohn and Samwell. Samwell was the only British officer other than Broke to be wounded in the action; he was to die from an infection of his wounds some weeks later. Mr Etough was the acting master, and conned the ship into the action. Shortly after Chesapeake had been secured, Broke fainted from loss of blood and was rowed back to Shannon to be attended to by the ship's surgeon.[44]
Nova Scotian Provo Wallis commanded Shannon back to Halifax. Depicted with the rank of Commander in 1813, he later rose to become Admiral of the Fleet.
The engagement had lasted just ten minutes according to Shannon's log, or eleven minutes by Lieutenant Wallis' watch. Broke more modestly claimed fifteen minutes in his official despatch.[45] Shannon had lost 23 men killed, and had 56 wounded. Chesapeake had about 48 killed, including four lieutenants, the master and many other of her officers, and 99 wounded.[1] Shannon had been hit by a total of 158 projectiles, Chesapeake by 362 (these figures include grapeshot). In the time the batteries of both ships were firing, the Americans had been exposed to 44 roundshot, whilst the British had received 10 or 11 in reply (these are figures for shot which would have produced casualties or material damage; some of Chesapeake's shot was fired low, bouncing off Shannon's side at waterline level). Even before being boarded, Chesapeake had lost the gunnery duel by a considerable margin.[46]
A large cask of un-slaked lime was found open on Chesapeake's forecastle, and another bag of lime was discovered in the fore-top. British sailors alleged the intention was to throw handfuls into the eyes of Shannon's men in an unfair and dishonourable manner as they attempted to board, though that was never done by Chesapeake's crew. Historian Albert Gleaves has called the allegation "absurd," noting, "Lime is always carried in ship's stores as a disinfectant, and the fact that it was left on the deck after the ship was cleared for action was probably due to the neglect of a junior, or petty, officer."[47]
Aftermath[edit]
Newspaper announcing Shannon's victory
After the victory, a prize crew was put aboard Chesapeake. The commander of the prize, Lieutenant Falkiner, had a good deal of trouble from the restive Americans, who outnumbered his own men. He had some of the leaders of the unrest transferred to Shannon in the leg-irons that had, ironically, been shipped aboard Chesapeake to deal with expected British prisoners. The rest of the American crew were rendered docile by the expedient of a carpenter cutting scuttles (holes) in the maindeck through which two 18-pounder cannon, loaded with grapeshot, were pointed at them.[48]
Shannon, commanded by Lieutenant Provo Wallis, escorted her prize into Halifax, arriving there on 6 June. On the entry of the two frigates into the harbour, the naval ships already at anchor manned their yards, bands played martial music and each ship Shannon passed greeted her with cheers.[49] The 320 American survivors of the battle were interned on Melville Island in 1813, and their ship, taken into British service and renamed HMS Chesapeake, was used to ferry prisoners from Melville Island to England's Dartmoor Prison.[50] Many officers were paroled to Halifax, but some began a riot at a performance of a patriotic song about Chesapeake's defeat.[51] Parole restrictions were tightened: beginning in 1814, paroled officers were required to attend a monthly muster on Melville Island, and those who violated their parole were confined to the prison.[52]
Gravestones for the casualties of Chesapeake (left) and Shannon (right), CFB Halifax, Halifax, Nova Scotia
As the first major victory in the naval war for the British, the capture raised the shaken morale of the Royal Navy. After setting out on 5 September for a brief cruise under a Captain Teahouse, Shannon departed for England on 4 October, carrying the recovering Broke. They arrived at Portsmouth on 2 November. After the successful action Lieutenants Wallis and Falkiner were promoted to the rank of commander, and Messrs. Etough and Smith were made lieutenants. Broke was made a Baronet that September.[53][54] The Court of Common Council of London awarded him the freedom of the city and a sword worth 100 guineas. He also received a piece of plate worth 750 pounds and a cup worth 100 guineas. Captain Lawrence was buried in Halifax with full military honours, six British Naval Officers served as pall bearers. Chesapeake, after active service in the Royal Navy, was eventually sold at Portsmouth, England, for £500 in 1819 and broken up. Some of the timbers of Chesapeake were used in the construction of the Chesapeake Mill in Wickham, Hampshire.[55][56] Shannon was reduced to a receiving ship in 1831, and broken up in 1859.[57]
In the US, the capture was seen as a humiliation, and contributed to popular sentiment against the war. Many New Englanders, now calling the conflict "Madison's war" after James Madison, demanded that he resign the presidency.[58]
In a war that reached new lows for historical accuracy sacrificed in the name of patriotic fever, accounts of Shannon's victory would be ascribed to many reasons. Very few of these took into account that Lawrence had rushed into a fight with an untrained and unprepared crew for what awaited him. Theodore Roosevelt would later state this plainly, lambasting former American "history writers" while doing so. In less than 2 minutes Shannon's crew had taken horrible losses and did not break, while Chesapeake's crew did.[59] Unfortunately for Lawrence, he did not meet an average British frigate of this point in the long wars, undermanned and with many men aboard who were not real seamen, but a frigate with a crew at the highest pitch of training, led by an expert in naval gunnery. It has been said of Shannon, that "a more destructive vessel of her force had probably never existed in the history of naval warfare".[60]
Broke never again commanded a ship. The head wound from a cutlass blow, which had exposed the brain, had been so severe that it was initially pronounced fatal by the ship's surgeon. However, Broke survived the wound into moderate old age (64 years), though he was debilitated. He suffered, to a greater or lesser extent, from headaches and other neurological problems for the rest of his life.[61] The casualties were heavy. The British lost 23 killed and 56 wounded. The Americans lost 48 killed and 99 wounded.[1] Between the wounded of the ships' two companies, another 23 died of their wounds in the two weeks following the action. Relative to the total number of men participating, this was one of the bloodiest ship-to-ship actions of the age of sail.[1] By comparison, HMS Victory suffered fewer casualties during the whole of the Battle of Trafalgar. The entire action had lasted, at most, for 15 minutes, speaking to the ferocity of the fighting.[1]
A sister ship of HMS Shannon has been restored and preserved, HMS Trincomalee of the Leda class; she can be seen in a dock at Hartlepool in the North East of England and is the oldest British warship afloat.[62]
In Fiction[edit]
The capture of USS Chesapeake by HMS Shannon features prominently in The Fortune of War, the sixth book in the Aubrey-Maturin series of historical fiction novels by Patrick O'Brian, and first published in 1979. The main characters, having escaped Boston as prisoners of war, are on board the Shannon during the engagement. The battle is described with considerable accuracy by O'Brian, with his fictional characters playing only minor roles in the action.
Cannon from USS Chesapeake (Province House (Nova Scotia))
Cannon from HMS Shannon (Province House (Nova Scotia))
The battle was discussed in the science fiction novel Starship Troopers by Robert A. Heinlein and was referred to in the novel Anne of the Island by Lucy Maud Montgomery.
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ This is a shortened version, the original ran to six paragraphs in length. The full message can be found in Padfield, pp. 144–146.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Toll 2006, p. 415
Jump up ^ Padfield, pp. 27–29, 206
Jump up ^ Padfield, pp. 37–39
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, p. 120
Jump up ^ Brighton, p. 150
Jump up ^ Ian W. Toll, Six Frigates pg 398
Jump up ^ Theodore Roosevelt, The Naval War of 1812, location 2391
Jump up ^ Theodore Roosevelt, The Naval War of 1812, location 2356
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, pp. 144–145
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, pp. 126–127
Jump up ^ James and Chamier 1837, p. 199
^ Jump up to: a b Toll 2006, p. 409
Jump up ^ Toll 2006, pp. 4–8
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, pp. 140–141
Jump up ^ Ellis, pp. 122-123
Jump up ^ Fowler 1984, p. 205
Jump up ^ Fowler 1984, p. 206
Jump up ^ The Irishmen had been captured by the Americans when en route from Waterford to Newfoundland in a small brig, and were then released by the Royal Navy. Of these 40 Irishmen 22 volunteered for service aboard Shannon.
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, pp. 151–152
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, p. 140
Jump up ^ Toll 2006, p. 410
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, pp. 160–161
Jump up ^ Murdoch 1867, p. 354.
Jump up ^ Toll 2006, p. 411
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, p. 165
Jump up ^ Andrew Lambert, The Challenge: Britain Against America in the Naval War of 1812, Faber and Faber (2012), p. 172
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, p. 168
Jump up ^ Six Frigates Ian W. Toll pg 406
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, p. 166
Jump up ^ Broke installed two 9-pounder "dismantling pieces", one at the break of the quarter deck and the other at the break of the forecastle. These guns had picked crews and were specifically intended to target the wheel and headsails of an opponent. The 9 pounders had 'elevating and traversing carriages' specially designed by Broke himself. The "long nine", as it was known, was universally acknowledged to be the most accurate British naval cannon of the period.
Jump up ^ Lambert, p. 173
Jump up ^ Dan Conlin, "An Artifact From a Deadly War of 1812 Battle", The Maritime Museum of the Atlantic
Jump up ^ Lossing, Benson (1868). The Pictorial Field-Book of the War of 1812. Harper & Brothers, Publishers. p. 706.
Jump up ^ The Americans had not secured this yard with iron chains as was often done before an action, possibly indicative of their overconfidence. As a "headsail", the foretopsail was vital for manoeuvring the ship, and its loss at a critical moment in the action probably doomed the American vessel. See Padfield 1968, pp. 167–171.
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, pp. 167–171
^ Jump up to: a b Padfield 1968, p. 173
Jump up ^ Allen 1852, pp. 427–428
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, pp. 173–176
Jump up ^ Gardiner 1998, p. 60
Jump up ^ Lambert 2012, p. 178
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, pp. 173–181
Jump up ^ Historically, in the predecessors of the true frigate the deck below the deck with the main armament had been partially armed (early to mid 18th century), and the Royal Navy continued to call this deck the 'gun deck' even though it now had no cannon. The more accurate American usage was to call it the 'berth deck', as it was the deck where the crew slung their hammocks. Larger warships had no exact equivalent to this unarmed deck.
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, p. 181
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, pp. 181–182
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, p. 191
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, pp. 240–245
Jump up ^ Gleaves 1904, p. 213
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, p. 183
Jump up ^ Padfield 1968, p. 188
Jump up ^ Shea & Watts 2005, pp. 27–29.
Jump up ^ Shea & Watts 2005, p. 30.
Jump up ^ Shea & Watts 2005, p. 31.
Jump up ^ "No. 16779". The London Gazette. 21 September 1813. p. 1890.
Jump up ^ "No. 16852". The London Gazette. 5 February 1814. p. 280.
Jump up ^ Winfield (2007), p. 176.
Jump up ^ Brown and White, p. 97
Jump up ^ Brown and White, p. 328
Jump up ^ Unger, p. 166
Jump up ^ Theodore Roosevelt The Naval War of 1812 Location 2426
Jump up ^ Padfield, p. 151
Jump up ^ Toll 2006, p. 416
Jump up ^ The Ship Project Archived 13 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine.
Bibliography[edit]
Allen, Joseph (1852). Battles of the British Navy. Volume 2. London: Henry G. Bohn. OCLC 5852951.
Brighton, J.G. (1866). Admiral Sir P.B.V. Broke, Bart.: A Memoir. London: Sampson Low, Son and Marston.
Borneman, Walter R. (2005). 1812: The War That Forged A Nation. New York: Harper Collins. ISBN 0-06-053113-4.
Brown, Anthony G. and White, Colin (2006) The Patrick O'Brian Muster book: persons, animals, ships and cannon in the Aubrey-Maturin sea novels. McFarland & Co.
Cray, Robert E. "Remembering the USS Chesapeake: The politics of maritime death and impressment." Journal of the Early Republic (2005) 25#3 pp: 445-474. online
Ellis, James H. (2009). A Ruinous and Unhappy War: New England and the War of 1812. New York: Algora Publishing. ISBN 978-0-87586-690-1.
Fowler, William M. (1984). Jack Tars and Commodores: The American Navy, 1783–1815. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-35314-9. OCLC 10277756.
Gardiner, Robert, ed. (1998). The Naval War of 1812. London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 1-86176-063-9.
Gardiner, Robert (2006). Frigates of the Napoleonic Wars. London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-292-4.
Gleaves, Albert (1904). James Lawrence, Captain, United States Navy, Commander of the "Chesapeake". New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. OCLC 526283.
James, William and Chamier, Frederick (1837) The Naval History of Great Britain, from the Declaration of War by France in 1793, to the Accession of George IV, Vol VI. Richard Bentley, London.
Lambert, Andrew (2012) The Challenge: Britain Against America in the Naval War of 1812, Faber and Faber, London.
Murdoch, Beamish (1867). A History of Nova Scotia. Volume 3. Halifax: J. Barnes. OCLC 11506476.
Padfield, Peter (1968). Broke and the Shannon. London: Hodder and Stoughton. ISBN 0-340-02511-5.
Poolman, Kenneth (1962). Guns Off Cape Ann: The Story of the Shannon and the Chesapeake. Chicago: Rand McNally. OCLC 1384754.
Pullen, Hugh Francis. The Shannon and the Chesapeake (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1970)
Roosevelt, Theodore (1882). The Naval War of 1812 or The History of the United States Navy during the Last War with Great Britain. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. OCLC 133902576.
Shea, Iris V. and Watts, Heather (2005) Deadman's: Melville Island & Its Burial Ground. Glen Margaret Publishers, Tantallon Nova Scotia. ISBN 978-0-393-05847-5.
Toll, Ian (2006). Six Frigates:The Epic History of the U.S. Navy. New York: Norton. ISBN 978-0-920427-68-2.
Unger, Harlow Giles (2012). John Quincy Adams. Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-82129-5.
Winfield, Rif (2007). British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. London: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-86176-246-7. OCLC 181927614.
Coordinates: 42°39′2.2″N 70°33′55.6″W / 42.650611°N 70.565444°W / 42.650611; -70.565444
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List of highest-grossing Filipino films of all time
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This is a list of the highest-grossing Filipino films of all time.[1][2][3][4][5]
Color key
– a Metro Manila Film Festival official entry
– the film is still showing in cinemas
– highest-grossing Filipino film of all time
Contents
[hide]
1 Highest-grossing Filipino films
2 Five hundred million mark
3 Four hundred million mark
4 Three hundred million mark
5 Two hundred million mark
6 One hundred million mark
6.1 See also
7 References
Highest-grossing Filipino films[edit]
Background shading indicates films playing in the week commencing 20 April 2018 in theaters around the world.
Highest-grossing films[6]
Rank
Title
Worldwide gross
Year
Reference(s)
1
Super Parental Guardians
₱598,000,000 2016
2
Gandarrapiddo: The Revenger Squad
₱571,000,000 2017
3
A Second Chance
₱556,000,000 2015
4
Beauty and the Bestie
₱526,000,000 2015
5
The Amazing Praybeyt Benjamin
₱440,000,000 2014
6
Girl, Boy, Bakla, Tomboy
₱421,000,000 2013
7
Starting Over Again
₱410,000,000 2014
My Ex and Whys
₱410,000,000 2017
9
It Takes a Man and a Woman
₱405,000,000 2013
10
My Little Bossings
₱401,000,000 2013
11
Sisterakas
₱393,000,000 2012
12
My Bebe Love: KiligPaMore
₱385,000,000 2015
13
The Unkabogable Praybeyt Benjamin
₱331,000,000 2015
14
Bride for Rent
₱326,000,000 2014
15
17 19
Finally Found Someone
₱316,500,000 2017
20
₱300,000,000 2017
Seven sundays
2017
Five hundred million mark[edit]
Year
Title
Production company
Box office
Source
2016 Super Parental Guardians Star Cinema ₱598 million [7][8]
2017 Gandarrapiddo: The Revenger Squad Star Cinema & Viva Films ₱571 million [9][10]
2015 A Second Chance Star Cinema ₱556 million [11][12]
2015 Beauty and the Bestie Star Cinema & Viva Films ₱526 million [13]
A Second Chance has grossed over 480 million pesos domestically while its total box office gross including the sales abroad is 556 million pesos.[11]
Figure for Gandarrapiddo: The Revenger Squad only includes gross earned during the official run of the 2017 Metro Manila Film Festival (December 25, 2017 - January 7, 2018).[14]
Four hundred million mark[edit]
Year
Title
Production company
Box office
Source
2014 The Amazing Praybeyt Benjamin Star Cinema & Viva Films ₱440 million [15][16]
2013 Girl, Boy, Bakla, Tomboy Star Cinema & Viva Films ₱421 million [17]
2014 Starting Over Again Star Cinema ₱410 million [18][19]
2017 My Ex and Whys Star Cinema ₱410 million [20]
2013 It Takes a Man and a Woman Star Cinema & Viva Films ₱405 million [21]
2013 My Little Bossings OctoArts Films , Kris Aquino Productions , M-Zet Productions & APT Entertainment ₱401 million [22]
On the January 15, 2015 episode of Vice Ganda's variety show, It's Showtime, he announced that the movie The Amazing Praybeyt Benjamin had closed the day before with P435 million earnings, surpassing the film Starting Over Again in terms of domestic earnings.[23]
Three hundred million mark[edit]
Year
Title
Production company
Box office
Source
2012 Sisterakas Star Cinema & Viva Films ₱393 million [24]
2015 My Bebe Love: KiligPaMore OctoArts Films
M-Zet Productions
APT Entertainment
GMA Films
MEDA Productions ₱385 million
2011 The Unkabogable Praybeyt Benjamin Star Cinema & Viva Films ₱331 million [25][26]
2014 Bride for Rent Star Cinema ₱326 million [27]
2015 Crazy Beautiful You Star Cinema ₱321 million [28]
2016 Barcelona: A Love Untold Star Cinema ₱321 million [28]
2017 Kita Kita Spring Films & Viva Films ₱320 million [29][30]
2015 The Love Affair Star Cinema ₱320 million [31]
2017 Finally Found Someone Star Cinema & Viva Films ₱316.5 million [32]
2017 Can't Help Falling in Love Star Cinema ₱300 million [33]
2017 Unexpectedly Yours Star Cinema ₱300 million
The Unkabogable Praybeyt Benjamin is the first Filipino film to break the ₱300 million mark at the box office.[25]
My Ex and Whys grossed more than $5 million internationally.[34]
Two hundred million mark[edit]
Year
Title
Production company
Box office
Source
2014 She's Dating the Gangster Star Cinema ₱296 million
2011 No Other Woman Star Cinema & Viva Films ₱278 million [35]
2011 Enteng Ng Ina Mo Star Cinema, OctoArts Films, M-Zet Productions & APT Entertainment ₱272 million
2017 Seven Sundays Star Cinema ₱271 million [36]
2012 The Mistress Star Cinema ₱262 million
2015 Heneral Luna Artikulo Uno Productions, Tuko Film Productions, Buchi Boy Productions & Quantum Films ₱256 million [37]
2012 This Guy's In Love With U Mare! Star Cinema & Viva Films ₱249 million [16][38]
2016 The Unmarried Wife Star Cinema ₱246.3 million [39]
2014 Feng Shui 2 Star Cinema & K Productions ₱244 million
2009 You Changed My Life Star Cinema & Viva Films ₱232 million [40]
2016 Just the 3 of Us Star Cinema ₱230 million
2008 Ang Tanging Ina N'yong Lahat Star Cinema ₱229 million [16]
2015 Felix Manalo Viva Films ₱226 million [41]
2015 You're My Boss Star Cinema ₱210 million [42]
2010 Ang Tanging Ina Mo (Last na 'To!) Star Cinema ₱210 million
2016 Everything About Her Star Cinema ₱208 million [43]
2017 Ang Panday CCM Film Productions, Star Cinema & Viva Films ₱204 million [14]
2006 Sukob Star Cinema ₱203 million [44]
Figure for Ang Panday only includes gross earned during the official run of the 2017 Metro Manila Film Festival (December 25, 2017 - January 7, 2018).[14]
One hundred million mark[edit]
Year
Title
Production company
Box office
Source
2013 Pagpag: Siyam na Buhay Regal Entertainment & Star Cinema ₱189 million
2015 The Breakup Playlist Star Cinema ₱188 million [45]
2006 Kasal, Kasali, Kasalo Star Cinema ₱187 million
2016 Imagine You and Me APT Entertainment, M-Zet Productions & GMA Films ₱180 million [46]
2015 Everyday I Love You (film) Star Cinema ₱178 million [47]
2003 Ang Tanging Ina Star Cinema ₱178 million
2010 Si Agimat at Si Enteng Kabisote OctoArts Films, M-Zet Productions, APT Entertainment, GMA Films & Imus Productions ₱170.5 million
2000 Anak (film) Star Cinema ₱165 million
2005 Enteng Kabisote 2: Okay Ka Fairy Ko: The Legend Continues OctoArts Films & M-Zet Productions ₱158 million
2007 One More Chance Star Cinema ₱152 million [48]
2007 Sakal, Sakali, Saklolo Star Cinema ₱150 million
2013 Four Sisters and a Wedding Star Cinema ₱145 million [49]
2014 My Big Bossing OctoArts Films , M-Zet Productions & APT Entertainment ₱145 million
2015 Ex with Benefits Star Cinema , VIVA Films ₱145 million [50]
2006 Enteng Kabisote 3: Okay Ka, Fairy Ko: The Legend Goes On and On and On OctoArts Films & M-Zet Productions ₱144 million
2010 Miss You Like Crazy Star Cinema ₱143 million [51]
2007 A Love Story Star Cinema ₱140 million [52]
2014 Maybe This Time (2014 film) Star Cinema , VIVA Films ₱140 million
2008 Caregiver Star Cinema ₱139 million [53]
2011 Segunda Mano Star Cinema, AgostoDos Pictures & MJM Productions ₱138.7 million
2013 She's the One Star Cinema ₱137 million [54][better source needed]
2018 My Perfect You Star Cinema ₱136 million [55]
2004 Milan (2004 film) Star Cinema ₱135 million
2014 English Only, Please Quantum Films, MJM Productions, Tuko Film Productions& Buchi Boy Productions ₱135 million
2014 That Thing Called Tadhana Cinema One Creative Programs Inc. ₱134 million [56]
2004 Enteng Kabisote: Okay Ka, Fairy Ko: The Legend OctoArts Films & M-Zet Productions ₱130 million
2015 Haunted Mansion (2015 film) Regal Entertainment ₱128 million
2006 Close to You Star Cinema ₱127 million [57][better source needed]
1998 José Rizal (film) GMA Films ₱125 million
2010 Dalaw Star Cinema, Cinemedia& MJM Productions ₱125 million
2016 Vince and Kath and James Star Cinema ₱123 million [58]
2007 Ouija (2007 film) GMA Films & VIVA Films ₱120.6 million
2018 Ang Dalawang Mrs. Reyes Star Cinema , Quantum Films & The IdeaFirst Company ₱120 million
2014 Diary ng Panget VIVA Films ₱120 million (est)
2009 I Love You, Goodbye Star Cinema ₱120 million
2016 Die Beautiful Octobertrain Films, The IdeaFirst Company & Regal Entertainment ₱120 million (est.)
2008 Shake, Rattle & Roll X Regal Entertainment ₱119 million
2010 Here Comes the Bride (2010 film) Star Cinema, OctoArts Films & Quantum Films ₱117 million
2007 Enteng Kabisote 4: Okay Ka, Fairy Ko: The Beginning of the Legend OctoArts Films & M-Zet Productions ₱117 million
2008 Iskul Bukol 20 Years After (Ungasis and Escaleras Adventure) OctoArts Films, M-Zet Productions & APT Entertainment ₱116 million
2004 Feng Shui (2004 film) Star Cinema ₱114 million
2002 Got 2 Believe Star Cinema ₱112 million
2016 The Third Party Star Cinema ₱110 million [59]
2017 Love You to the Stars and Back Star Cinema ₱110 million [60]
2015 The Prenup Regal Entertainment ₱110 million
2009 Ang Panday (2009 film) Imus Productions & GMA Films ₱108 million
2010 You to Me Are Everything (film) GMA Films & Regal Entertainment ₱108 million
2008 My Best Friend's Girlfriend GMA Films & Regal Films ₱107 million
2003 Till There Was You (2003 film) Star Cinema ₱107 million
2005 Let the Love Begin (film) GMA Films, Regal Entertainment & Gutz Production ₱106 million
2011 Ang Panday 2 Imus Productions & GMA Films ₱105 million
2016 Always Be My Maybe Star Cinema ₱105 million [61]
2013 Bakit Hindi Ka Crush ng Crush Mo? Star Cinema ₱102 million
2016 Seklusyon Reality Entertainment ₱100 million
1999 Isusumbong Kita Sa Tatay Ko Star Cinema ₱100 million
2015 Just the Way You Are (2015 film) Star Cinema ₱100 million
See also[edit]
List of highest-grossing films in the Philippines
References[edit]
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Jump up ^ "2017 Philippines Yearly Box Office Results". www.boxofficemojo.com. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
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Jump up ^ "LIST OF MMFF FILMS THAT GROSSED P100 MILLION IN THE BOX OFFICE". Retrieved 15 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "LIST OF FILIPINO (NON MMFF) FILMS THAT GROSSED P100 MILLION IN THE BOX OFFICE". Retrieved 15 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "All Time Worldwide Box Office Grosses". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved August 7, 2011.
Jump up ^ Elinon, Andreena. "The Super Parental Guardians grosses P598 million -SC". Retrieved 15 August 2017.
Jump up ^ News, ABS-CBN. "'Super Parental Guardians' earns P598-M after five weeks". Retrieved 15 August 2017.
Jump up ^ https://www.pep.ph/guide/movies/27382/emthe-revenger-squadem-grosses-p571-million-says-star-cinema-now-highest-grossing-filipino-movie-of-. Retrieved 18 January 2018. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Jump up ^ News, Philippine Entertainment Portal. https://www.pep.ph/guide/movies/27382/emthe-revenger-squadem-grosses-p571-million-says-star-cinema-now-highest-grossing-filipino-movie-of-. Retrieved 18 January 2018. Missing or empty |title= (help)
^ Jump up to: a b "A Second Chance now the highest grossing Filipino film of all time" Archived 2015-12-22 at the Wayback Machine.. starcinema.abs-cbn.com (December 18, 2015). Retrieved on 2015-12-19.
Jump up ^ "A Second Chance highest grossing Filipino film of all time". Rappler. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
Jump up ^ News, ABS-CBN. "'Beauty and the Bestie' earns P526M in box office". Retrieved 15 August 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Ranoa-Bismark, Maridol (22 January 2018). "MMFF reveals 2017 box office sales, ranking". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 23 January 2018.
Jump up ^ "MMFF 2014 Box Office Update Praybeyt Benjamin , Feng Shui set record". The Summit Express. Retrieved 27 March 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Stronglooking backstrong 15 Blockbuster films of the late "Wenn Deramas"". Philippine Entertainment Portal. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
Jump up ^ http://www.pds.com.ph/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Disclosure-No.-554-2015-Annual-Report-for-Fiscal-Year-Ended-December-31-2014-SEC-FORM-17-A.pdf
Jump up ^ Starting Over Again' breaks records, passes P400M mark. ABS-CBN News. March 15, 2014. Retrieved March 15, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Starting Over Again". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved March 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ "'My Ex and Whys' is highest-earning local movie in first half of 2017". ABS-CBN News. August 11, 2017. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Philippines Yearly Box Office". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 27 March 2016.
Jump up ^ "Aldub fans set to conquer movies to make "My Bebe Love" top grosser in MMFF". Retrieved 27 March 2016.
Jump up ^ "Praybeyt Benjamin 2 earns PHP. 440 million; Vice Ganda excited to work with Daniel Padilla in next MMFF movie". Philippine Entertainment Portal. Retrieved 27 March 2016.
Jump up ^ Calderon, Nora (February 21, 2016). "John Lloyd, Bea, Vice, Coco, Vic, Ai-Ai lead winners at the Box Office Entertainment Awards" (in Taglish). Philippine Entertainment Portal. Ang My Bebe Love #KiligPaMore ang nakakuha ng pangatlong top gross, with P385 million...[My Bebe Love #KiligPaMore gained the third top gross, with P385 million] CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)
^ Jump up to: a b "The Unkabogable Praybeyt Benjamin (2011)". boxofficemojo.com. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
Jump up ^ Ricky Lo (January 20, 2014). "Vice Ganda beats Kris at the tills". The Philippine Star. Retrieved January 26, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Bride for Rent". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 27 March 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Anarcon, James Patrick (November 25, 2016). "Barcelona earns P321 million worldwide, says Star Cinema". Archived from the original on November 28, 2016. Barcelona: A Love Untold, starring Kathryn Bernardo and Daniel Padilla, has earned a total of P321 million pesos worldwide
Jump up ^ "'Kita Kita' exceeds P300 million mark in box-office sales". Push. August 16, 2017. Retrieved August 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Alden and Maine's movie Imagine You And Me earned P120". Philippine Entertainment Portal. July 21, 2016. Retrieved July 21, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Love Affair naka P320 M" [The Love Affair had P320 M [Box office]]. Banat News (in Cebuano). The Philippine Star. 11 October 2015. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
Jump up ^ News, ABS-CBN. "'Finally Found Someone' earns P200M in less than 2 weeks". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 2017-08-14.
Jump up ^ News, ABS-CBN (April 9, 2017). "'Can't Help Falling In Love' ng KathNiel, kumita na ng P300M". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on May 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ "'My Ex and Whys' earns $5 million worldwide". ABS-CBN News. 26 February 2017.
Jump up ^ No Other Woman in Box Office Mojo (retrieved July 29, 2012)
Jump up ^ "Seven Sundays on KBO". Manila Standard. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Calderon, Nora V. "John Lloyd, Bea, Vice, Coco named Phenomenal Stars of 2015". Retrieved 15 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "This Guy's In Love With U Mare". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
Jump up ^ News, ABS-CBN. "'The Unmarried Wife' earnings reach P246 million". Retrieved 15 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "You Changed My Life". Box Office Mojo. April 8–12, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Philippines Box Office". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
Jump up ^ Umbao, Ed (April 24, 2015). "Coco-Toni movie, "You're My Boss", earns P210 million in the box office". Philippine News. Retrieved May 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ "'Everything About Her' earns P208M". Star Cinema. February 18, 2016. Archived from the original on July 1, 2016. Retrieved February 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Sukob at Box Office Mojo". Retrieved May 22, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Highest Grossing Filipino Films for 2015". www.dlist.ph. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
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Jump up ^ "Everyday I Love You". www.BoxOfficeMojo.com. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
Jump up ^ "Philippines Box Office, December 19–23, 2007". www.boxofficemojo.com. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Philippines Box Office, July 10–14, 2013". www.boxofficemojo.com. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Philippines Box Office, September 23-27, 2015". www.boxofficemojo.com. Retrieved 29 September 2015.
Jump up ^ "Philippines Box Office, March 10-14, 2010". www.boxofficemojo.com. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
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Jump up ^ She's the One (2013 film)
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Jump up ^ News, ABS-CBN. "'Tadhana' is top grossing local indie film of all time". Retrieved 15 August 2017.
Jump up ^ Close to You (film)
Jump up ^ Cinema), ABS-CBN Film Productions Inc. (Star. "News - Star Cinema". ABS-CBN Film Productions Inc. (Star Cinema). Retrieved 15 August 2017.
Jump up ^ Dimaculangan, Jocelyn. "The Third Party grosses P110 million worldwide". Retrieved 15 August 2017.
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Jump up ^ "ABS-CBN 1Q 2016 Investor's Briefing Presentation Materials" (PDF). ABS-CBN. May 12, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2016.
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2013
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2011
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2009
See also
Crystal Films
Golden Films
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Poland
2010
2011
2013
Romania
2008
2009
2010
2011
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2013
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2015
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value: List of 2006 box office number-one films in Australia

value: List of 2007 box office number-one films in Australia

value: List of 2008 box office number-one films in Australia

value: List of 2009 box office number-one films in Australia

value: List of 2010 box office number-one films in Australia

value: List of 2011 box office number-one films in Australia

value: List of 2012 box office number-one films in Australia

value: List of 2013 box office number-one films in Australia

value: List of 2014 box office number-one films in Australia

value: List of 2015 box office number-one films in Australia

value: List of 2016 box office number-one films in Australia

value: List of 2017 box office number-one films in Australia

value: List of 2018 box office number-one films in Australia

value: List of highest-grossing films in Hong Kong

value: List of 2013 box office number-one films in China

value: List of 2014 box office number-one films in China

value: List of 2015 box office number-one films in China

value: List of 2016 box office number-one films in China

value: List of 2017 box office number-one films in China

value: List of 2018 box office number-one films in China

value: List of highest-grossing Indian films in overseas markets

value: List of highest domestic net collection of Hindi films

value: List of 2005 box office number-one films in Japan

value: List of 2006 box office number-one films in Japan

value: List of 2007 box office number-one films in Japan

value: List of 2008 box office number-one films in Japan

value: List of 2009 box office number-one films in Japan

value: List of 2010 box office number-one films in Japan

value: List of 2011 box office number-one films in Japan

value: List of 2012 box office number-one films in Japan

value: List of 2013 box office number-one films in Japan

value: List of 2014 box office number-one films in Japan

value: List of 2015 box office number-one films in Japan

value: List of 2016 box office number-one films in Japan

value: List of 2017 box office number-one films in Japan

value: List of 2018 box office number-one films in Japan

value: List of 2008 box office number-one films in the Philippines

value: List of 2009 box office number-one films in the Philippines

value: List of 2010 box office number-one films in the Philippines

value: List of 2011 box office number-one films in the Philippines

value: List of 2012 box office number-one films in the Philippines

value: List of 2013 box office number-one films in the Philippines

value: List of 2014 box office number-one films in the Philippines

value: List of 2015 box office number-one films in the Philippines

value: List of highest-grossing films in South Korea

value: List of 2006 box office number-one films in South Korea

value: List of 2007 box office number-one films in South Korea

value: List of 2008 box office number-one films in South Korea

value: List of 2009 box office number-one films in South Korea

value: List of 2010 box office number-one films in South Korea

value: List of 2011 box office number-one films in South Korea

value: List of 2012 box office number-one films in South Korea

value: List of 2013 box office number-one films in South Korea

value: List of 2014 box office number-one films in South Korea

value: List of 2015 box office number-one films in South Korea

value: List of 2016 box office number-one films in South Korea

value: List of 2017 box office number-one films in South Korea

value: List of 2018 box office number-one films in South Korea

value: List of highest-grossing films in Taiwan

value: List of 2014 box office number-one films in Taiwan

value: List of 2016 box office number-one films in Taiwan

value: List of 2017 box office number-one films in Taiwan

value: List of 2018 box office number-one films in Taiwan

value: List of 2016 box office number-one films in Taipei

value: List of 2017 box office number-one films in Taipei

value: List of 2018 box office number-one films in Taipei

value: List of 2015 box office number-one films in Thailand

value: List of 2016 box office number-one films in Thailand

value: List of 2017 box office number-one films in Thailand

value: List of 2007 box office number-one films in Belgium

value: List of 2008 box office number-one films in Belgium

value: List of 2009 box office number-one films in Belgium

value: Lists of highest-grossing films in France

value: List of 2011 box office number-one films in France

value: List of 2012 box office number-one films in France

value: List of 2013 box office number-one films in France

value: List of 2014 box office number-one films in France

value: List of 2015 box office number-one films in France

value: List of 2016 box office number-one films in France

value: List of 2017 box office number-one films in France

value: List of 2013 box office number-one films in Greece

value: List of 2011 box office number-one films in Ireland

value: List of 2009 box office number-one films in Italy

value: List of 2010 box office number-one films in Italy

value: List of 2011 box office number-one films in Italy

value: List of 2012 box office number-one films in Italy

value: List of 2013 box office number-one films in Italy

value: List of 2016 box office number-one films in Italy

value: List of 2017 box office number-one films in Italy

value: List of 2009 box office number-one films in the Netherlands

value: List of films that received the Crystal Film

value: List of films that received the Golden Film

value: List of films that received the Platinum Film

value: List of films that received the Diamond Film

value: List of 2010 box office number-one films in Poland

value: List of 2011 box office number-one films in Poland

value: List of 2013 box office number-one films in Poland

value: List of highest-grossing films in Romania

value: List of 2008 box office number-one films in Romania

value: List of 2009 box office number-one films in Romania

value: List of 2010 box office number-one films in Romania

value: List of 2011 box office number-one films in Romania

value: List of 2012 box office number-one films in Romania

value: List of 2013 box office number-one films in Romania

value: List of 2014 box office number-one films in Romania

value: List of 2015 box office number-one films in Romania

value: List of 2016 box office number-one films in Romania

value: List of 2017 box office number-one films in Romania

value: List of 2018 box office number-one films in Romania

value: List of 2007 box office number-one films in Spain

value: List of 2008 box office number-one films in Spain

value: List of 2009 box office number-one films in Spain

value: List of 2010 box office number-one films in Spain

value: List of 2011 box office number-one films in Spain

value: List of 2012 box office number-one films in Spain

value: List of 2013 box office number-one films in Spain

value: List of 2014 box office number-one films in Spain

value: List of 2015 box office number-one films in Spain

value: List of 2016 box office number-one films in Spain

value: List of 2017 box office number-one films in Spain

value: List of 2018 box office number-one films in Spain

value: List of 2011 box office number-one films in Turkey

value: List of 2012 box office number-one films in Turkey

value: List of 2013 box office number-one films in Turkey

value: List of 2014 box office number-one films in Turkey

value: List of 2015 box office number-one films in Turkey

value: List of 2016 box office number-one films in Turkey

value: List of 2017 box office number-one films in Turkey

value: List of highest-grossing films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 1991 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 1992 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 1993 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 1994 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 1995 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 1996 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 1997 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 1998 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 1999 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2000 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2001 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2002 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2003 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2004 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2005 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2006 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2007 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2008 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2009 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2010 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2011 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2012 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2013 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2014 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2015 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2016 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2017 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of 2018 box office number-one films in the United Kingdom

value: List of highest-grossing non-English films

value: List of highest grossing Bangladeshi films

value: List of highest-grossing films in Malaysia

value: List of highest-grossing Pakistani films

value: List of highest-grossing Portuguese films

value: List of highest-grossing films in Singapore

value: List of Soviet films of the year by ticket sales

value: List of highest-grossing openings for films

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value: Second weekend in box office performance

value: List of highest-grossing second weekends for films

value: List of film sequels by box-office improvement

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value: Category:Lists of highest-grossing films by region

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