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List of most expensive association football transfers
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Neymar, currently the most expensive footballer
The following is a list of most expensive football association transfers, which details the highest transfer fees ever paid for players.
As well as the most expensive transfers of all time, the page also lists transfers which broke the world transfer record. The first recorded record transfer was of Willie Groves from West Bromwich Albion to Aston Villa for £100 in 1893. This occurred just eight years after the introduction of professionalism by The Football Association in 1885.[1] The current transfer record was set by the transfer of Neymar from Barcelona to Paris Saint-Germain for €222 million (£198 million) on 3 August 2017.[2][3][4][5]
Contents
[hide]
1 Highest fees
2 World football transfer record
2.1 Historical progression
2.2 Number of records by country
3 Gallery
4 References
Highest fees[edit]
Most of the transfers on this list are to clubs under UEFA's jurisdiction, and most of the purchasing clubs are from England, France, Italy and Spain. However, since the mid 2010s two Chinese clubs have paid large fees for three Brazilian players.
Three players appear on the list twice: Neymar, James Rodríguez and Ángel Di María. All of the players on the list are of European (UEFA), South American (CONMEBOL) and African (CAF) origin. There are currently no players from the remaining regions - Asia (AFC), North America (CONCACAF) and Oceania (OFC).
As of 28 February 2018
Fee broke the world football transfer record at the time of the transfer
Fee broke the national league record at the time of the transfer
Fee broke the record for a South American player at the time of the transfer
Fee broke the record for an African player at the time of the transfer
Fee broke the record for a teenager at the time of the transfer
Top 50 transfershide
R
Player
From
To
Position
Fee
(M £)
Fee
(M €)
Year
Year of birth
Ref.
1 Neymar Barcelona Paris Saint-Germain Forward £198 €222 2017 1992 [2][6][7][4][5]
2 Kylian Mbappé Monaco Paris Saint-Germain Forward £128 €145[a] 2018[b] 1998 [8][9][10][11][12]
3 Philippe Coutinho Liverpool Barcelona Midfielder £105 €120[c] 2018 1992 [13]
4 Dembele, OusmaneOusmane Dembélé Borussia Dortmund Barcelona Forward £97 €105[d] 2017 1997 [14][15][16]
Pogba, PaulPaul Pogba Juventus Manchester United Midfielder £89 €105[e] 2016 1993 [17][18][19][20]
6 Bale, GarethGareth Bale Tottenham Hotspur Real Madrid Forward £86 €100 2013 1989 [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]
7 Ronaldo, CristianoCristiano Ronaldo Manchester United Real Madrid Forward £80 €94 2009 1985 [29][30][31]
8 Higuaín, GonzaloGonzalo Higuaín Napoli Juventus Striker £75.3 €90 2016 1987 [32][33][34]
9 Lukaku, RomeluRomelu Lukaku Everton Manchester United Striker £75[f] €85 2017 1993 [35][36][37][38]
10 van Dijk, VirgilVirgil van Dijk Southampton Liverpool Defender £75 €84.5 2018 1991 [39]
11 Suárez, LuisLuis Suárez Liverpool Barcelona Striker £75 €82.3 2014 1987 [40][41]
12 Zidane, ZinedineZinedine Zidane Juventus Real Madrid Midfielder £46.6 €77.5[g] 2001 1972 [43][44][45]
13 Rodríguez, JamesJames Rodríguez Monaco Real Madrid Midfielder £63 €76 2014 1991 [46][47][48][49]
14 Di María, ÁngelÁngel Di María Real Madrid Manchester United Midfielder £59.7 €75.6 2014 1988 [50][51]
15 De Bruyne, KevinKevin De Bruyne VfL Wolfsburg Manchester City Midfielder £55 €75 2015 1991 [52][53]
16 Cédric Bakambu Villarreal Beijing Guoan Striker £65.4 €73.7 2018 1991 [54][55]
17 Ibrahimović, ZlatanZlatan Ibrahimović Internazionale Barcelona Striker £56 €69.5[h] 2009 1981 [56][57][58][59]
18 Kaká Milan Real Madrid Midfielder £56 €67[i] 2009 1982 [60][61][62][63][64]
19 Morata, ÁlvaroÁlvaro Morata Real Madrid Chelsea Striker £58[j] €65.5 2017 1992 [65][66]
20 Laporte, AymericAymeric Laporte Athletic Bilbao Manchester City Defender £57 €65.2 2018 1994 [67]
21 Cavani, EdinsonEdinson Cavani Napoli Paris Saint-Germain Striker £55 €64.5 2013 1987 [68][69][70][71]
22 Di María, ÁngelÁngel Di María Manchester United Paris Saint-Germain Midfielder £45 €64 2015 1988 [72][73][74]
23 Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang Borussia Dortmund Arsenal Striker £56.1 €63.7 2018 1989 [75]
24 Sterling, RaheemRaheem Sterling Liverpool Manchester City Forward £44[k] €62.5 2015 1994 [76][77]
25 Figo, LuísLuís Figo Barcelona Real Madrid Midfielder £37 €62 2000 1972 [78][79]
26 Oscar Chelsea Shanghai SIPG Midfielder £52 €61[l] 2017 1991 [80][81][82]
27 Radamel Falcao, Radamel Falcao Atlético Madrid Monaco Striker £51 €60[m] 2013 1986 [83][84]
28 Torres, FernandoFernando Torres Liverpool Chelsea Striker £50 €59 2011 1984 [85][86]
29 Crespo, HernánHernán Crespo Parma Lazio Striker £35[n] €58.5 2000 1975 [87][88]
30 Mendy, BenjaminBenjamin Mendy Monaco Manchester City Defender £52 €58.1 2017 1994 [89]
31 Neymar Santos Barcelona Forward £48.6 €57.1[o] 2013 1992 [90][91][92][93]
32 Walker, KyleKyle Walker Tottenham Hotspur Manchester City Defender £50[p] €57 2017 1990 [94][95]
33 Costa, DiegoDiego Costa Chelsea Atlético Madrid Striker £48.8[q] €56.9 2018 1988 [96]
34 Keïta, NabyNaby Keïta RB Leipzig Liverpool Midfielder £48 €56.6 2018 1995 [97]
35 David Luiz Chelsea Paris Saint-Germain Defender £40 €56[r] 2014 1987 [98][99][100]
36 Hulk Zenit Saint Petersburg Shanghai SIPG Forward £46.4 €55.8 2016 1986 [101][102]
37 Stones, JohnJohn Stones Everton Manchester City Defender £47.5 €55.6 2016 1994 [103][104][105][106]
38 Lacazette, AlexandreAlexandre Lacazette Lyon Arsenal Forward £46.5 €53[s] 2017 1991 [107][108]
39 Buffon, GianluigiGianluigi Buffon Parma Juventus Goalkeeper £33 €52[t] 2001 1978 [109]
40 Martial, AnthonyAnthony Martial Monaco Manchester United Forward £36[u] €51 2015 1995 [110][111][112]
41 Sigurðsson, GylfiGylfi Sigurðsson Swansea City Everton Midfielder £45 €50 2017 1989 [113]
Ozil, MesutMesut Özil Real Madrid Arsenal Midfielder £42.5 €50 2013 1988 [114][115][116]
43 Silva, BernardoBernardo Silva Monaco Manchester City Midfielder £43 €49.5 2017 1994 [117][118]
Teixeira, AlexAlex Teixeira Shakhtar Donetsk Jiangsu Suning Midfielder £42.5 €49.5 2016 1988 [119][120]
45 Vieri, ChristianChristian Vieri Lazio Internazionale Striker £32 €49[v] 1999 1973 [121][122]
46 Mendieta, GaizkaGaizka Mendieta Valencia Lazio Midfielder £31 €48 2001 1972 [123][124]
47 Ferdinand, RioRio Ferdinand Leeds United Manchester United Defender £30 €47 2002 1978 [125][126]
48 Benteke, ChristianChristian Benteke Aston Villa Liverpool Striker £32.5 €46.3 2015 1990 [127][128]
49 Mata, JuanJuan Mata Chelsea Manchester United Midfielder £37.1 €46 2014 1988 [129][130]
Ronaldo Internazionale Real Madrid Striker £29 €46 2002 1976 [131][132]
Notes
Jump up ^ Initial €145 million plus reported €35 million bonuses
Jump up ^ On loan since 2017, permanent move in July 2018
Jump up ^ Initial €120 million plus reported €40 million bonuses
Jump up ^ Initial €105 million plus reported €40 million bonuses
Jump up ^ Fee was to be paid over time with an initial €105 million, plus another €5 million in additional bonuses; Pogba's agent Mino Raiola also received a reported €27m from Juventus, from a portion of aforementioned transfer fee from Manchester United.
Jump up ^ Fee was to be paid over time with an initial £75 million, plus another £15 million in additional bonuses.
Jump up ^ fee originally in 150 billion lire; the fixed exchange rate between euro and lire was 1:1936.27. The fee was paid in 4 annual installments;[42] on accounting purpose, the fee was listed as approx. €75m[42]
Jump up ^ Initial transfer fee for Ibrahimović is indeterminable. According to Barcelona's press release, Ibrahimović signed a 5-year contract, for €46 million fee in installments and the exchange of Eto'o (valued at €20 million) and the loan of Alexander Hleb (with an option to buy for a €10 million fee), with a €250 million release clause, making Ibrahimović worth €66 million plus the undisclosed loan fee of Hleb. However, the Hleb deal collapsed. Eventually Ibrahimović cost Barcelona €69.884 million according to their financial report, which included other fees. As per the Inter book the fee was €69.5 million, but part of the Inter fee (max. 5% according to FIFA regulation) were deducted and distributed by Barcelona to youth clubs of Ibrahimović: Malmö FF and AFC Ajax as solidarity contribution.
Jump up ^ The fee broke the world record in pound sterling, but not in euro; as the fee was paid in installments, the accountant that prepared the financial report adjusted the value to €66.073 million as the present value to reflect the loss in interest
Jump up ^ Fee was to be paid over time with an initial £58 million, plus another £12 million in additional bonuses.
Jump up ^ Fee was to be paid over time with an initial £44 million, plus another £5 million in additional bonuses.
Jump up ^ Estimated figure. The transfer fee has not been disclosed.
Jump up ^ Estimated figure. The transfer fee has not been disclosed.
Jump up ^ Lazio broke the then-world transfer record by paying £35 million (£16 million upfront and transferred Matías Almeyda and Sérgio Conceição) to acquire Crespo. The total transfer fee later amounted to £40 million.
Jump up ^ Fee was to be paid over time with an initial €57.1 million, plus another €2 million in additional bonuses. Neymar received a €10 million signing bonus. Neymar's agent also received €4 million.
Jump up ^ Fee was to be paid over time with an initial £50 million (€57M), plus another £3 million in additional bonuses.
Jump up ^ £48.8m with £8.8m in add-ons.
Jump up ^ Estimated figure. The transfer fee has not been disclosed.
Jump up ^ Fee was to be paid over time with an initial €53 million (£46.5M), plus another €7 million (£6.1M) in additional bonuses.
Jump up ^ Part of the fees was paid via the transfer of Jonathan Bachini to Parma for a total of 100 billion lire; the fixed exchange rate of lira to euro was 1936.27 lire to 1 euro.
Jump up ^ Manchester United paid £36 million up front for Martial, but his contract contains three bonus clauses worth £7.2 million each, taking the potential fee to £57.6 million. The clauses each relate to certain accomplishments being achieved in the next four years, including if Martial scores 25 goals during that span, amasses 25 caps for France or wins the Ballon d'Or before June 2019.
Jump up ^ An indeterminate size of the fee was paid via the transfer of Diego Simeone to Lazio that totaled €49 million.
World football transfer record[edit]
It has been suggested that this section be split out into another article titled Association football transfer world record progression. (Discuss) (October 2017)
The first player to ever be transferred for a fee of over £100 was Scottish striker Willie Groves when he together with Jack Reynolds (£50) made the switch from West Bromwich Albion to Aston Villa in 1893,[1] eight years after the legalisation of professionalism in the sport. It took just twelve years for the figure to become £1000, when Sunderland striker Alf Common moved to Middlesbrough.[133][134]
It was not until 1928 that the first five-figure transfer took place. David Jack of Bolton Wanderers was the subject of interest from Arsenal, and in order to negotiate the fee down, Arsenal manager Herbert Chapman got the Bolton representatives drunk.[135][136] Subsequently, David Jack was transferred for a world record fee when Arsenal paid £10,890 to Bolton for his services, after Bolton had asked for £13,000, which was double the previous record made when Sunderland signed Burnley's Bob Kelly a fee of for £6,500.[134]
Diego Maradona, David Jack and Ronaldo are the only players to twice be transferred for world record fees.
The first player from outside Great Britain to break the record was Bernabé Ferreyra, a player known as La Fiera for his powerful shot. His 1932 transfer from Tigre to River Plate cost £23k,[136] and the record would last for 17 years (the longest the record has lasted) until it was broken by Manchester United's sale of Johnny Morris to Derby County for £24k in March 1949. The record was broken seven further times between 1949 and 1961, when Luis Suárez Miramontes was sold by FC Barcelona to Inter Milan for £152k, becoming the first ever player sold for more than £100k.[134]
In 1968, Pietro Anastasi became the first £500k player when Juventus purchased him from Varese,[136] which was followed seven years later with Giuseppe Savoldi becoming the first million pound player when he transferred from Bologna to Napoli.[134][136]
The second player to twice be transferred for world record fees is Diego Maradona.[134][136] His transfers from Boca Juniors to Barcelona for £3m, and then to Napoli for £5m, both broke the record in 1982 and 1984 respectively. The third became Ronaldo with his record-breaking move from PSV Eindhoven to Barcelona in 1996 for £13.2m, although Alan Shearer's transfer to Newcastle broke the record the same summer. A year later Inter Milan paid £19.5m for Ronaldo and again he became the player with the highest transfer fee.
In the space of 61 days in 1992,[136] three transfers broke the record,[134] all by Italian clubs: Jean-Pierre Papin transferred from Marseille to A.C. Milan, becoming the first ever £10m player.[136] Almost immediately, rivals Juventus topped that with the signing of Gianluca Vialli for a fee of £12m from Sampdoria. Milan then completed the signing of Gianluigi Lentini for a fee of £13m which stood as the record for three years.
The 1996 transfer of Alan Shearer from Blackburn Rovers to Newcastle United, for a fee of £15m,[137] kickstarted a year-by-year succession of record breaking transfers: Ronaldo moved the following year to Inter Milan from FC Barcelona for a fee of £17m,[138] which was followed in 1998 by the shock transfer of his fellow countryman Denílson from São Paulo to Real Betis for a fee of approximately £21m.[134][136][139]
In 1999 and 2000, Italian clubs returned to their record-breaking ways, with Christian Vieri transferring from Lazio to Inter Milan for £28m,[140] while Hernán Crespo's transfer from Parma to Lazio ensured he became the first player to cost more than £30m.[134][141] The transfer prompted the BBC to ask "has the world gone mad"?[142] It took two weeks for the record to be broken when Luís Figo made a controversial £37m move from Barcelona to rivals Real Madrid.[134][143] A year later, Real increased the record again with a signing of Zinedine Zidane for £48 million (150 billion lire).[144]
Zidane's record stood for 8 years, the longest since the 1940s. Real Madrid continued with the Galácticos policy by buying Kaká from Milan for €67 million (£56 million),[145] which was the world record in pound sterling. However, both world record in euro and in pound sterling were broke by Real themselves when signing Cristiano Ronaldo for £80m (€94m) from Manchester United in the same transfer window,[134][146] 4 years later Real Madrid broke the record again after completed the signing of Gareth Bale from Tottenham Hotspur in 2013. Although Real initially insisted that the transfer cost €91.59 million, slightly less than the Ronaldo fee, the deal was widely reported to be around €100 million (around £85.1 million).[147][148] Documents leaked in 2016 by Football Leaks revealed that installments brought the final Bale fee up to a total of €100,759,418.[134][149] In 2016, Manchester United eventually took the record away from Real Madrid, signing French midfielder Paul Pogba for €105 million (£89 million), [150] four years after having released him to Juventus for training compensation.
A year after the Pogba transfer, however, there was a major jump in the record fee. Paris St. Germain matched the €222 million buyout fee of Barcelona's Neymar, converted to a reported £198 million[4][5] or £200 million[2][7] by different sources. This was the first time that the record fee was paid by a French club.
Historical progression[edit]
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Comparison of fees in different nations is complicated by varying exchange rates. This table uses British Pound Sterling prior to 1999 and Euro for transfers since then.
[172][173]
Year
Player
Selling club
Buying club
Fee (£)
Fee (€)
Fee (UK£, after adjusted inflation)
Percentage change from last record (+ %)
1893 Willie Groves West Bromwich Albion Aston Villa 01 !100[1] – 10,179 N/A
1903 Ben Green Barnsley Small Heath 01.5 !500[151] – 49,273 400
1904 Andy McCombie Sunderland Newcastle United 02 !700[152] – 69,215 40
1905 Alf Common Sunderland Middlesbrough 03 !1,000[153] – 98,547 42
1913 Daniel Shea West Ham United Blackburn Rovers 03.25 !2,000[154] – 180,606 100
1913 Tommy Barber Bolton Wanderers Aston Villa 03.5 !2,000[155] – 180,606 0
1914 Percy Dawson Heart of Midlothian Blackburn Rovers 03.75 !2,500[156] – 220,182 25
1920 David Jack Plymouth Argyle Bolton Wanderers 03.75 !3,500[157] – 129,019 40
1922 Syd Puddefoot West Ham United Falkirk 04 !5,000[158] – 250,564 43
1922 Warney Cresswell South Shields Sunderland 05 !5,500[159] – 275,621 8
1925 Bob Kelly Burnley Sunderland 05.5 !6,500[160] – 340,224 18
1928 David Jack Bolton Wanderers Arsenal 06 !10,890[161] – 602,148 68
1932 Bernabé Ferreyra Tigre River Plate 07 !23,000[161] – 1,465,238 111
1949 Johnny Morris Manchester United Derby County 07.2 !24,000[160] – 778,165 4
1949 Eddie Quigley Sheffield Wednesday Preston North End 07.4 !26,500[160] – 859,224 10
1950 Trevor Ford Aston Villa Sunderland 07.6 !30,000[160] – 943,332 13
1951 Jackie Sewell Notts County Sheffield Wednesday 07.8 !34,500[160] – 994,474 15
1952 Hans Jeppson Atalanta Napoli 08 !52,000[161] – 1,373,110 51
1954 Juan Schiaffino Peñarol Milan 09 !72,000[161] – 1,809,071 38
1957 Enrique Omar Sivori River Plate Juventus 10 !93,000[161] – 2,057,699 29
1961 Luis Suárez Barcelona Internazionale 11 !152,000[161] – 3,105,049 63
1963 Angelo Sormani Mantova Roma 12 !250,000[161] – 4,804,222 64
1967 Harald Nielsen Bologna Internazionale 12 !300,000[162] – 4,997,098 20
1968 Pietro Anastasi Varese Juventus 13 !500,000[161] – 7,957,866 67
1973 Johan Cruyff Ajax Barcelona 14 !922,000[161] – 10,232,704 84
1975 Giuseppe Savoldi Bologna Napoli 15 !1,200,000[161] – 9,237,684 30
1976 Paolo Rossi Juventus Vicenza 16 !1,750,000[161] – 11,559,097 46
1982 Diego Maradona Boca Juniors Barcelona 17 !3,000,000[161] – 9,716,083 71
1984 Diego Maradona Barcelona Napoli 18 !5,000,000[161] – 14,748,314 67
1987 Ruud Gullit PSV Eindhoven Milan 19 !6,000,000[161] – 15,488,011 20
1990 Roberto Baggio Fiorentina Juventus 21 !8,000,000[161] – 16,686,521 33
1992 Jean-Pierre Papin Marseille Milan 22 !10,000,000[161] – 18,991,397 25
1992 Gianluca Vialli Sampdoria Juventus 23 !12,000,000[161] – 22,789,677 20
1992 Gianluigi Lentini Torino Milan 24 !13,000,000[161] – 24,688,816 8
1996 Ronaldo PSV Eindhoven Barcelona 26 !13,200,000[161] – 22,738,197 2
1996 Alan Shearer Blackburn Rovers Newcastle United 25 !15,000,000[163] – 25,838,860 14
1997 Ronaldo Barcelona Internazionale 26 !19,500,000[161] – 32,568,737 30
1998 Denílson São Paulo Real Betis 27 !21,500,000[164][165] – 34,718,967 10
1999 Christian Vieri Lazio Internazionale 28 !32,000,000[166] 49,000,000 51,049,447 49
2000 Hernán Crespo Parma Lazio 29 !35,500,000[166] 55,000,000 54,834,955 11
2000 Luís Figo Barcelona Real Madrid 30 !37,000,000[166] 62,000,000 57,151,924 4
2001 Zinedine Zidane Juventus Real Madrid 31 !46,600,000[166][45] 77,500,000 69,816,449 26
2009 Kaká Milan Real Madrid 33 !56,000,000 [167] 67,000,000 68,933,036 20
2009 Cristiano Ronaldo Manchester United Real Madrid 36 !80,000,000 [168][169] 94,000,000 98,475,766 43
2013 Gareth Bale Tottenham Hotspur Real Madrid 37 !86,000,000[170][171] 100,000,000 90,454,903 8
2016 Paul Pogba Juventus Manchester United 38 !89,000,000[18][174] 105,000,000 89,000,000 3
2017 Neymar Barcelona Paris Saint-Germain 39 !198,000,000[2][7][4][5] 222,000,000[2][7][4][5] 198,000,000 125
Number of records by country[edit]
Country
Player records
Record selling
Record buying
England 14 17 16
Italy 8 14 18
Argentina 5 3 1
Brazil 5 1 0
France 3 1 1
Scotland 2 1 1
Netherlands 2 3 0
Wales 2 0 0
Portugal 2 0 0
Spain 1 5 9
Uruguay 1 1 0
Denmark 1 0 0
Sweden 1 0 0
Gallery[edit]
Kylian Mbappé, the most expensive teenager, the most expensive player in a domestic transfer.
Philippe Coutinho, the most expensive midfielder.
Virgil van Dijk, the most expensive defender of all-time.
Gianluigi Buffon, the most expensive goalkeeper of all-time.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Glendenning, Barry; Murray, Scott; Bagchi, Rob; Steinberg, Jacob (30 August 2013). "The Joy of Six: record transfers" – via www.theguardian.com.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Neymar: Paris St-Germain sign Barcelona forward for world record 222m euros". BBC Sport. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "FC Barcelona communiqué on Neymar Jr" (Press release). FC Barcelona. 3 August 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Wallace, Sam. "Neymar becomes most expensive footballer of all time in £198m move to PSG (paid for with one cheque)". Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Lowe, Sid; Laurens, Julien; Hunter, Andy. "Neymar set to seal world-record move to PSG worth £450m in fees and wages". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Neymar Jr signs with Paris Saint-Germain!". PSG. 3 August 2017. Retrieved 3 August 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Lovett, Samuel. "PSG sign Neymar from Barcelona in £200m world-record deal". The Independent. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Monaco Star Mbappe Completes €180 Million Paris Saint-Germain Move". Goal.com. 31 August 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
Jump up ^ "PSG signs Kylian Mbappe, and cleverly skirts Financial Fair Play in the process". Yahoo! Sports. 31 August 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
Jump up ^ "Kylian Mbappé (Monaco) rejoint officiellement le PSG en prêt avec option d'achat" [Kylian Mbappé (Monaco) officially joins PSG on loan with an option to buy]. L'Équipe (in French). 31 August 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
Jump up ^ "Mbappe: Monaco et le PSG trouvent un accord pour 180 millions d'euros" [Mbappé: Monaco and PSG reached an agreement at 180 million euros] (in French). LCI. 28 August 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
Jump up ^ "Kylian Mbappe will officially complete his £166m switch from Monaco after curious contract clause means PSG have to buy after avoiding relegation". Daily Mail. 18 February 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
Jump up ^ "Philippe Coutinho: Liverpool agree £142m deal with Barcelona for Brazil midfielder". BBC Sport. British Broadcasting Corporation. 6 January 2018. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
Jump up ^ "Ousmane Dembélé, FC Barcelona's new signing" (Press release). FC Barcelona. 25 August 2017. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Ousmane Dembele: Barcelona close to signing Borussia Dortmund forward". BBC Sport. British Broadcasting Corporation. 25 August 2017. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Borussia Dortmund confirm Barcelona close to Ousmane Dembele deal". ESPN FC. 25 August 2017. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Official: Pogba signs for Man Utd for €105m". Football Italia. 8 August 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "United Sign Pogba". Official Manchester United Website. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
Jump up ^ "Paul Pogba: Manchester United re-sign France midfielder for world-record £89m". BBC Sport. 8 August 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
Jump up ^ Rej, Arindam (8 August 2016). "Paul Pogba completes record transfer to Manchester United from Juventus". ESPN. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
Jump up ^ "Gareth Bale contract leak sparks panic at Real Madrid – and agent's fury" (21 January 2016). The Telegraph. 21 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "Spurs accept £85m Bale bid". BBC Sport. 1 August 2013. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "Real Madrid Sign Midfielder Gareth Bale For World-Record $132 Million". CBS News New York. 2 September 2013. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
Jump up ^ Wilson, Jeremy (2 September 2013). "Gareth Bale joins Real Madrid from Tottenham for a world record fee of £86m". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
Jump up ^ Peck, Brooks (1 September 2013). "Gareth Bale finally sold to Real Madrid and it's even FIFA 14 official". Sports.yahoo.com. Retrieved 7 September 2013.
Jump up ^ Agence France-Presse (2 September 2013). "Cristiano Ronaldo is the boss at Real Madrid, says Gareth Bale". Sports.ndtv.com. Retrieved 7 September 2013.
Jump up ^ AS Diarioas (6 September 2013). "Real Madrid tell CR7: "You're still the most expensive player ever"". AS.com. Retrieved 7 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "Bale transfer fee revealed". FIFA.com. 15 October 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2013.
Jump up ^ "Man Utd accept £80m Ronaldo bid". BBC Sport. 11 June 2009. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
Jump up ^ Ogden, Mark (11 June 2009). "Cristiano Ronaldo transfer: Real Madrid agree £80 million fee with Manchester United". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 5 November 2010.
Jump up ^ "Ronaldo agrees six-year Real deal". BBC Sport. 26 June 2009. Retrieved 27 June 2009.
Jump up ^ "Gonzalo Higuain: Argentina striker joins Juventus from Napoli". BBC.com. 26 July 2016 – via BBC Sport.
Jump up ^ Gladwell, Ben (26 July 2016). "Juventus complete Gonzalo Higuain signing from Napoli in €90 million deal". ESPN. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
Jump up ^ sport, Guardian; Reuters (26 July 2016). "Gonzalo Higuaín seals £75.3m move from Napoli to Juventus" – via The Guardian.
Jump up ^ "Romelu Lukaku: Man Utd sign Everton striker for initial £75m on five year deal". BBC.com. 10 July 2017 – via BBC Sport.
Jump up ^ "United Sign Romelu Lukaku". Official Manchester United Website. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
Jump up ^ "Romelu Lukaku signs for Man United to complete switch from Everton". ESPN. 10 July 2017. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Ducker, James (10 July 2017). "Romelu Lukaku completes Manchester United move in deal that could reach world record £90m". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
Jump up ^ "Virgil van Dijk: Liverpool to sign Southampton defender for world record £75m". BBC Sport. BBC.com. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Luis Suarez: Liverpool & Barcelona agree £75m deal for striker". BBC Sport. 11 July 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014.
Jump up ^ Whaling, James (28 March 2016). "Luis Suarez's Barcelona transfer fee "revealed as £65m" – £10m LESS than his Liverpool release clause". Mirror. Retrieved 29 August 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Reports and Financial Statement at 30 June 2002" (PDF). Juventus F.C. 20 September 2002. Retrieved 29 August 2013.
Jump up ^ Fifield, Dominic (10 July 2001). "Real hail £46m Zidane". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Zidane makes record Real switch". BBC. 9 July 2001. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Zidane al Real". Juventus F.C. (in Italian). 9 July 2001. Archived from the original on 6 August 2001. Retrieved 15 September 2011.
Jump up ^ "James Rodríguez signs for Real Madrid for a reported £63m". The Guardian. 22 July 2014. Retrieved 22 July 2014.
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Jump up ^ "Manchester United sign Chelsea midfielder for £37.1m". BBC. 25 January 2014. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
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^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k "World record football transfer fees". BBC. 1 September 2013. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
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^ Jump up to: a b c d e Barnes, Stuart (2007). News of the World Football Annual 2007/2008. Invincible Press. ISBN 978-0-00-725555-9.
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Jump up ^ "Gareth Bale joins Real Madrid from Tottenham for a world record fee of £86m". The Telegraph. 1 September 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
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Jyoti Basu
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Jyoti Basu
Jyoti Basu in Calcutta on 21 December 1996
6th Chief Minister of West Bengal
In office
21 June 1977 – 6 November 2000
Preceded by
President's rule
Succeeded by
Buddhadeb Bhattacharya
Member of West Bengal Legislative Assembly
In office
1977–2001
Preceded by
New constituency
Succeeded by
Sonali Guha
Constituency
Satgachhia
Member of West Bengal Legislative Assembly
In office
1951–1972
Preceded by
New constituency
Succeeded by
Shiba Pada Bhattacharjee
Constituency
Baranagar
Personal details
Born
Jyotirindra Basu
(1914-07-08)8 July 1914
Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India (now Kolkata, West Bengal, India)
Died
17 January 2010(2010-01-17) (aged 95)
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Resting place
Indira Bhavan
Nationality
Indian
Political party
Communist Party of India (Marxist)
Spouse(s)
Basanti Basu (1940–1942)
Kamala Basu (1948–2003)
Children
Chandan Basu
Residence
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Alma mater
University of Calcutta
London School of Economics
Occupation
Politician
Signature
Website
www.jyotibasu.net
As of 17 January, 2010 (aged 95)
Source: Communist Party of India (Marxist)
Jyotirindra Basu (8 July 1914 – 17 January 2010); known as Jyoti Basu[1] was an Indian politician belonging to the Communist Party of India (Marxist) from West Bengal, India. He served as the Chief Minister of West Bengal state from 1977 to 2000, making him the longest-serving Chief Minister in the country's history. Basu was a member of the CPI(M) Politburo from the time of the party's founding (The CPI(M) was formed at the Seventh Congress of the Communist Party of India held in Calcutta from 31 October to 7 November 1964) in 1964 until 2008.[2][3] From 2008 until his death in 2010 he remained a permanent invitee to the central committee of the party.
Contents
[hide]
1 Birth and education
2 Return to India and marriage
3 Political career
3.1 Entry into politics
3.2 Later political career
3.3 As the Chief Minister of West Bengal
3.4 Criticism
4 Death, tribute and legacy
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Birth and education[edit]
Paternal house of Jyoti Basu at Barodi in Narayanganj, Bangladesh
Jyotirindra Basu[4] was born 8 July 1914[5] at 43/1 Harrison Road (now Mahatma Gandhi Road) in Kolkata[4] (then known as Calcutta) into a very affluent family. His father, Nishikanta Basu, was a doctor settled in Kolkata who hailed from the village of Barudi in Narayanganj District, East Bengal (Bangladesh), while his mother Hemalata Basu was a housewife.[6] Basu grew up in a large Indian-style joint family, consisting of his parents, siblings, paternal uncles, their wives and children. The family, who had lived in a rented house in Kolkata in addition to retaining ancestral properties East Bengal, purchased a spacious mansion at 55-A, Hindustan Road in 1920, and this is where Basu grew up.
Basu's schooling started at Loreto School at Dharmatala in Kolkata in 1920, and he was moved in 1925 to St. Xavier's School. While admitting him to school, Basu's father shortened his name from Jyotirindra Basu to Jyoti Basu, and the shortened name stuck for life. After completing school, Basu took an undergraduate degree in English literature honours from Presidency College, University of Calcutta.[4]
After completing his undergraduate studies, Basu left for England to study law in 1935.[4] In England, he was introduced to politics and became greatly influenced by the Communist Party of Great Britain. He attended lectures by Harold Laski at the London School of Economics and was also influenced by noted Communist ideologue and prolific writer Rajani Palme Dutt, a fellow Bengali. Between 1936 and 1940, Basu involved himself in various political activities, came into contact with several Indian freedom fighters including Nehru, became a member of the India league, and joined the London Majlis. A fuller account of these years is found in a later section. Basu completed his studies in 1939 and was invited to the Middle Temple as a Barrister in 1939.[7] Shortly afterwards, he returned to India by sea, docking at Mumbai and travelling from there to Kolkata by train.
Return to India and marriage[edit]
Basu reached Kolkata and was reunited with his parents on January 1, 1940.[4] While he was in London, his parents had selected a suitable bride for him and informed him of their choice. Like a normal Indian boy of his generation, Basu had replied that if the girl was acceptable to his parents, she was acceptable to him.[4] The two sets of parents had then made arrangements for the wedding, and on Jan 20, 1940, only nineteen days after his return to India, Basu was married to Basanti Devi (née Ghose, fondly known as 'Chobi'), a girl of his own caste and similar family background.[4] Unfortunately, Basanti died in 1942, hardly two years after the wedding, and there were no surviving children. Basu's mother, Hemalata Devi, also died a few months later, in 1942.
After returning to India, Basu had become an active member of the Communist Party, to his father's chagrin. After Basanti's death, he deepened his involvement, virtually giving up the pretense of earning a living as a lawyer. His legal practice was mostly about providing legal services pro bono to the party and its affiliates, in particular to trade unions. He lived as always with his father and extended family (as per Indian custom) and thus had little need to earn a living. As a young barrister studying in England, he had been a prize catch for any family with a marriageable daughter, but the situation was altered now, and proposals were not plentiful. Several years passed, and Basu's father and other family members grew anxious to see him settled again. In time, they arranged for him to marry another suitable girl of their caste and background. This was Kamala, who Basu married on Dec 5, 1948.[4] The marriage, which conformed in every way to Indian tradition and convention, was harmonious and lasted until their deaths more than sixty years later. On Aug 31, 1951, the couple became the parents of a girl child, born at Sishumangal Hospital in Kolkata. Tragically, the unnamed baby died only a few days later of diarrhoea and dehydration. In 1952, the couple were blessed with the birth of a son, Subhabrata Basu, fondly known as 'Chandan' by one and all.[4] Chandan, who was to be the couple's only surviving child, was born while Basu was in prison for allegedly seditious activities, having been incarcerated by the Congress-led government of independent India.
Shortly after Chandan was born, Basu's father, Nishikant Basu, wrote a will which disinherited Basu entirely and vested all his property, a considerable fortune which included the massive mansion in Kokata, in the name of his daughter-in-law Kamala, with provision that the property be inherited by Chandan eventually. The elderly bhadralok patrician had been aghast, even distraught, to find that his beloved son had returned from England a communist, and that he had developed over the next decade (the 1940s) into a violent revolutionary. Basu was to say later that the arrangement suited him perfectly, that indeed it had been devised in consultation with him; it ensured that Kamala was always able to feed the family and pay for her son's education, which left Basu free from the tension of having to provide for his wife and son, and enabled him to pursue his political activities exactly as he wanted.
Political career[edit]
Entry into politics[edit]
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Jyoti Basu's first track in politics was his effort to organise the Indian students studying in United Kingdom, mostly for the cause of Indian independence[citation needed]. Basu subsequently joined India League and London Majlis, both the organisations being communities of overseas Indian students. Basu was later elected the General Secretary of London Majlish.[8] Basu was given the responsibility for arranging a meeting with Jawaharlal Nehru during Nehru's visit to London in 1938. The same was done after Subhas Chandra Bose went to England. As a member of London Majlis, Basu introduced the visiting Indian political figures to the leaders of the Labour Party.
Basu was introduced to the Communist Party of Great Britain by another communist leader and Basu's friend in England, Bhupesh Gupta. It is told Basu showed interest to join CPGB but the then Secretary General Harry Pollitt suggested that he should not do so, possibly because CPGB was then banned in India and Pollitt speculated Basu could have difficulties in returning to India as a member of CPGB.
However Basu returned to India in 1940 and immediately contacted the Party leaders. Though he enrolled himself as a barrister in Calcutta High Court, he never practised simply because he was determined to become a wholetimer of the Party.
Basu became the secretary of Friends of Soviet Union and Anti-Fascist Writers' Association in Kolkata. As a member of the Party, his initial task was to maintain liaison with underground Party leaders. He was entrusted with responsibilities on the trade union front from 1944. In that year, Bengal Assam Railroad Workers' Union was formed and Basu became its first secretary. In 1944 Basu became involved in trade union activities when CPI delegated him to work amongst the railway labourers. When B.N. Railway Workers Union and B.D. Rail Road Workers Union merged, Basu became the general secretary of the union. In 1946, Basu was elected to the Bengal Provincial Assembly from the Railway Workers constituency. Ratanlal Bramhan and Rupnarayan Roy were the other two Communists who were elected. From that day on, Basu became one of the most popular and influential legislators for decades to come.
Basu played a very active role in the stormy days of 1946–47 when Bengal witnessed the Tebhaga movement, workers strikes and even communal riots.
In the late 1940s, Basu served as the Vice-President of the All India Railwaymen's Federation until Communists were expelled from the union for attempt to organize strikes after the union had withdrawn its strike notice.[9]
Jyoti Basu was the secretary of the West Bengal Provincial Committee of the Party from 1953 to January 1961. He was elected to the Central Committee of the Party in 1951. He was a member of the Politburo from 1964 onwards. He was elected as a special invitee to PB in 19th Congress of the Party in 2008.
After the country gained independence, he was elected to the assembly from Baranagar in 1952. He was elected to the West Bengal Legislative Assembly in 1952, 1957, 1962, 1967, 1969, 1971, 1977, 1982, 1987, 1991 and 1996. Though an elected member, Basu was arrested several times during the 1950s and 60s and for certain periods he went underground to evade arrest by the police.
In 1962, Jyoti Basu was one amongst the 32 members of the National Council who walked out of the meeting. When the CPI(M) was formed in 1964 as a result of the ideological struggle within the Communist movement, Basu became a member of the Politburo. He was, in fact, the last surviving member of the "Navaratnas", the nine members of the first Politburo. The leftist section, to which the 32 National Council members belonged, organised a convention in Tenali, Andhra Pradesh 7 to 11 July. It was here where the radical sections of party further showed their pro-Chinese stand. The Tenali convention was marked by the display of a large portrait of the Chinese Communist leader Mao Zedong.[10]
Later political career[edit]
Basu was elected to the Bengal Legislative Assembly in 1946, contesting the Railway constituency. He served as the Leader of Opposition for a long time when Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy was the Chief Minister of West Bengal. Jyoti Basu led a number of agitations against the State Government and earned enviable popularity as a politician particularly among the students and youth. Beside organising the movements of the Railway Labourers, he led a movement by the teachers demanding a hike in salary. When the Communist Party of India split in 1964, Basu became one of the first nine members of the Politburo of the newly formed Communist Party of India (Marxist).[3] In 1967 and 1969, Basu became Deputy Chief Minister of West Bengal in the United Front governments. In 1967, after the defeat of the Congress Government, Jyoti Basu was sworn-in as the Deputy Chief Minister under the Chief Ministership of Ajoy Mukherjee. In 1970, he narrowly escaped an assassination attempt at the Patna railway station. Though CPI(M) became the single largest party in the assembly elections in 1971, the party was refused the chance to form a ministry and presidents' Rule was imposed in West Bengal.
Through the 1972 elections the Congress returned to power in West Bengal. Jyoti Basu lost the elections from the Baranagar Assembly Constituency. Basu famously declared the new assembly as "assembly of the frauds" and CPI(M) boycotted the assembly for the next five years.
As the Chief Minister of West Bengal[edit]
After the sweeping victory of the Left Front in 1977, Jyoti Basu became the Chief Minister of the Left Front government, a position he held continuously for more than 23 years, a record in the country. Under his leadership, the Left Front government embarked on land reforms on a scale unprecedented in the country[citation needed]; it instituted a panchayati raj system which was radical for its times, which gave the poor peasants and small farmers a say in running the panchayati institutions. As per leftists, West Bengal became an oasis of communal harmony and secular values under his leadership as there were always reports of communal clashes in West Bengal[citation needed], while various measures were introduced to promote social and economic development in West Bengal, however these measures never fully gave results expected and West Bengal remains a poverty ridden state. Basic land reform was instituted, while irrigation and rural electrification were extended. In addition, India's first comprehensive system of democratic decentralisation was established. Agricultural production came out of a slump that it had been in for decades before the Left Front came to power, and during the Eighties and Nineties the state showed the highest rates of agricultural growth among the 17 most populous Indian states. As a result of institutional changes and agricultural growth, levels of nutrition improved and rural poverty declined noticeably.[11] One has to recall how as Chief Minister he dealt with the situation after the assassination of Indira Gandhi in 1984 when violence against Sikhs broke out in various parts of the country, but nothing was allowed to happen in West Bengal. Similarly he dealt firmly with efforts to instigate trouble after the demolition of the Babri Masjid in 1992. In 1996 Jyoti Basu seemed all set to be the consensus leader of the United Front for the post of Prime Minister of India. However, the CPI(M) Politburo decided not to participate in the government, a decision that Jyoti Basu later termed a historic blunder. H.D. Deve Gowda from the Janata Dal instead became prime minister. Basu resigned from the Chief Ministership of West Bengal in 2000 for health reasons, and was succeeded by fellow CPI(M) politician Buddhadeb Bhattacharya. As of 2014[update], Basu holds the record for being the longest-serving Chief Minister in Indian political history.[12]
The 18th congress of CPI(M), held in Delhi in 2005, re-elected Basu to its Politburo, although he had asked to be allowed to retire from it. On 13 September 2006, Basu entreated the CPI(M) to allow his retirement due to his age, but was turned down. General secretary Prakash Karat said that the party wanted Basu to continue until its 2008 congress, at which point it would reconsider.[13] At the 19th congress in early April 2008, Basu was not included on the Politburo, although he remained a member of the Central Committee and was designated as Special Invitee to the Politburo.[2][3] In the course of seven decades of work in the Communist party, Basu spent three and a half years in prison and two years underground. After the fall of the Soviet Union and the setbacks to socialism, he provided the leadership along with his colleagues in the Politburo to make a reappraisal of the experience of building socialism and to pinpoint the errors and to correct wrong notions and understandings while remaining true to Marxism–Leninism. He was a Marxist who was not dogmatic and continued to learn from his vast experience in charting out the course for the Party.
He emerged as the pre-eminent and most popular leader of the Party, but he always worked as a disciplined member of the Party, setting an example for all. In his long career in the Party, he undertook various responsibilities including being the first editor of People's Democracy. He had a lifelong association with the trade union movement and was the Vice-President of the Centre of Indian Trade Unions since its inception in 1970.
Some commentators feel Basu was more of a democratic socialist than a traditional Communist. "He made Communism look respectable," according to Sabyasachi Basu Roy Choudhuri, a Calcutta-based political analyst.[14]
Criticism[edit]
Sumon K Chakrabarti, the national affairs correspondent for CNN-IBN, said in his blog that during Basu's tenure as the Chief Minister of West Bengal, the state saw continuous industrial decline.[15] Basu has been criticised for the initial support of trade unions against the use of computers, which affected employment; and the charge that his party members engaged in corruption and rigging of elections.[16]
Death, tribute and legacy[edit]
On 1 January 2010, Basu was admitted to AMRI hospital (Bidhannagar, Kolkata) after he was diagnosed with pneumonia.[17][18] On 16 January 2010, his health condition became extremely critical and he was suffering from multiple organ failure. Seventeen days after being taken ill, he died on 17 January 2010 at 11:47 am IST.[19]
The death was followed by public mourning on an unprecedented scale. Draped in the party flag, Basu's body was driven through the streets of Calcutta on a gun carriage. However, the time schedule went awry in his last moments as thousands of people thronged the streets of central Kolkata to pay their last respects. Police and volunteers wore a helpless look as a sea of people poured in from every possible corner of the city.[20] President Pratibha Patil and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh led the nation in mourning.[21]
Tributes poured in from politicians across the country. While Patil said "the nation has lost a veteran and eminent public figure," Manmohan Singh said Basu was a politician to whom he often turned for "sagacious advice". Basu was a leader "who displayed his abilities as a leader of the people, an able administrator and eminent statesman", the president said in a statement. "In the years after he relinquished the Chief Ministry, he continued to be looked upon as an elder statesman, whose advice was sought by many political leaders in the state," the president added.
In a message to Jyoti Basu's son Chandan, Manmohan Singh said: "He was a powerful regional voice in the national political scene and helped to strengthen Indian federalism... He was a man of great integrity with a deep commitment to secular values." He added:"I have personally had a very long association with Basu. On many occasions in my career, I turned to him for his sagacious advice on all matters, whether they related to West Bengal or to issues of national importance". Vice President Hamid Ansari said Basu had left behind a void that would be difficult to fill. "His sagacity and leadership at both the state and the national level have been a source of inspiration and guidance," Ansari said in a statement.
The Communist Party of India-Marxist (CPI-M) that Basu led for several years expressed "profound grief", saying he was a Marxist who was not dogmatic. "Jyoti Basu was a Marxist who never wavered in his convictions. He was a Marxist who was not dogmatic and continued to learn from his vast experience in charting out the course for the party," the CPI-M politburo said. "There will be none like Jyoti Basu again," was how CPI-M general secretary Prakash Karat saluted a man he had prevented from becoming the prime minister in 1996. Karat, who influenced the CPI-M to block Basu from taking charge of the United Front government in 1996, said that the former West Bengal chief minister "was a great leader of the CPI-M, the Left movement and India. With his passing away, an era has passed". Communist Party of India (CPI) leader D. Raja paid glowing tributes to the Marxist patriarch, saying he could have proved to be a great prime minister. "He (Basu) proved that the coalition of Left parties would work successfully and serve the people greatly. He could have proved to be a great prime minister also," Raja said.
Former Lok Sabha speaker and Communist leader Somnath Chatterjee said he had lost someone like his father. "When things started to go bad (in Left front), he was sad. He was sad about what happened with me. I used to consult him on all matters. For the second time, I have lost somebody like my father," said an emotional Chatterjee.
Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee said he would miss a well-wisher. "In his death, I have lost a great well-wisher, and the country has lost an able administrator, an outstanding parliamentarian and a charismatic political leader," Mukherjee told reporters.
The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), the staunchest anti-Communist force in the country, mourned the death of the Marxist leader, describing him as a "role model for Indian politics". In a moving tribute, senior BJP leader Arun Jaitley told reporters here that Basu, who was West Bengal's chief minister for 23 long years, was one of the "tallest leaders" in Indian politics with "high credibility". "He was devoted to his ideology and played the longest innings in Indian politics," Jaitley said. Former prime minister and senior BJP leader Atal Bihari Vajpayee said Basu's demise had "ended a chapter in the country's politics".
Home Minister P. Chidambaram told reporters in Kolkata: "He was a colossus who straddled India's political scene for many decades. Not only the leader of West Bengal, but of India. He was a great patriot, great democrat, great parliamentarian and great source of inspiration. He served the people of India to the best." he said.[21]
Basu had pledged to donate his body and eyes for medical research on 4 April 2003 at a function organised by Ganadarpan and Susrut Eye Foundation in Kolkata and not to be burned at a crematorium. His eyes are donated to Susrut Eye Foundation.[22] He is survived by his son Chandan, daughter-in-law Rakhi, grand daughters Payel, Doyel and Koyel, offsprings of his first daughter-in-law Dolly (separated with son Chandan in 1998), and grand son Subhojyoti, offspring of daughter-in-law Rakhi.[23] His second wife Kamala Basu had died on 1 October 2003. Basu's body was kept at 'Peace Haven' for those who wanted to pay their respects. His body was handed over to SSKM Hospital, Kolkata for research on 19 January 2010 around 16:50 pm IST after a guard of honour at the nearby Moharkunja park (formerly, citizens' park).[24] The hospital authority is considering preserving his brain.[25]
The Trinamool Congress-run government has decided not to rename Rajarhat New Town after Jyoti Basu. The renaming proposal was a part of the New Town Kolkata Development Authority (Amendment) Bill, 2010, passed in the assembly during the Left Front regime. A programme was even held at Rajarhat in October 2010 on the township's renaming.
See also[edit]
List of Kolkata Presidencians
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Obituary: Jyoti Basu 17 January 2010 BBC News.
^ Jump up to: a b "Jyoti Basu will continue on Central Committee". The Hindu. Kolkata: The Hindu. 4 April 2008. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c Chatterjee, Manini (3 April 2008). "Nine to none, founders' era ends in CPM". The Telegraph. Calcutta: The Telegraph. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i "Jyoti Basu : Brief Life-Sketch". jyotibasu.net. Retrieved 5 February 2010.
Jump up ^ "Life Sketch of Jyoti Basu". cpim.org.
Jump up ^ Basu, Jyoti. Jatadur Mone Pare: Rajnaitik Atmakathan. Calcutta: National Book Agency.
Jump up ^ Political biography: Jyoti Basu
Jump up ^ Roy, Amit (18 January 2010). "London, the land that turned Basu into a Marxist". telegraphindia.com. Kolkata. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
Jump up ^ Bandopadhyay, Sekhar (2009). Decolonization in South Asia: Meanings of Freedom in Post-independence West Bengal, 1947-52. Routledge. Retrieved August 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ Basu, Pradip. Towards Naxalbari (1953–1967) – An Account of Inner-Party Ideological Struggle. Calcutta: Progressive Publishers, 2000. p. 51.
Jump up ^ "Jyoti Basu: Marxist politician who combined realpolitik and revolutionary ideas". The Independent. London. 25 January 2010.
Jump up ^ "Marxist who almost became India's PM". The Economic Times. India. Indo-Asian News Service. 17 January 2010. Archived from the original on 19 January 2010.
Jump up ^ Bhaumik, Subir (11 September 2006). "Left veteran just wants to retire". BBC News. Calcutta: BBC. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
Jump up ^ Subir Bhaumik (17 January 2010). "Obituary: Jyoti Basu". BBC.
Jump up ^ Jyoti Basu: The Unkindest Cut 18 January 2010 IBN Politics
Jump up ^ "Basu: The tallest communist leader". NDTV. 17 January 2010. Retrieved 20 January 2010.
Jump up ^ "Jyoti Basu admitted to hospital". NDTV. Kolkata: NDTV. 1 January 2010. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
Jump up ^ "Jyoti Basu put on ventilator, condition serious". Hindustan Times. Kolkata: HT Media. Press Trust of India. 6 January 2010. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
Jump up ^ "CPM patriarch Jyoti Basu passes away". The Economic Times. Kolkata: The Economic Times. 17 January 2010. Retrieved 17 January 2010.
Jump up ^ "W Bengal bids tearful adieu to Jyoti Basu". The Pioneer. Kolkata. 20 January 2010. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "Nation mourns Jyoti Basu's death". Hindustan Times. Kolkata. 17 January 2010. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
Jump up ^ "Basu to donate his body for research". indiatimes.com. 4 April 2003.
Jump up ^ "CPM patriarch Jyoti-Basu passes away". The Times of India. 17 January 2010.
Jump up ^ "Larger than life". The Daily Star. Dhaka. 20 January 2010. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
Jump up ^ "Doctors mull preserving Basu's brain". sify.com. 19 January 2010. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jyoti Basu.
Jyoti Basu website
Menon, Ramdas (28 January 2010). "The Legacy of Jyoti Basu".
Majumdar, Diptosh (18 January 2010). "Jyoti Basu, the last Bhadralok Communist". ibnlive.com. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
Preceded by
Siddhartha Shankar Ray Chief Minister of West Bengal
1977–2000 Succeeded by
Buddhadeb Bhattacharya
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Chief Ministers of West Bengal
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This page was last edited on 26 October 2017, at 23:48.
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