text:
Condensation reaction
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The condensation of two amino acids to form a peptide bond (red) with expulsion of water (blue)
A condensation reaction is a chemical reaction in which two molecules or moieties, often functional groups, combine to form a larger molecule, together with the loss of a small molecule.[1] Possible small molecules that are lost include water, acetic acid, hydrogen chloride, or methanol, but most commonly in biological reactions it is water.[citation needed] Condensations producing water as a byproduct are the opposite reaction of transformations involving hydrolysis, which split a reactant into two new species through addition of a water molecule.
Dieckmann condensation reaction
Condensation can be intermolecular (between two different molecules) or intramolecular (involving different groups within the same molecule). A simple example of an intermolecular condensation is the joining of two amino acids in the peptide bond, as is characteristic of all proteins. Examples of intramolecular condensations often lead to ring formation, and include the synthesis of cyclic peptides via the same bond forming process as just described, as well as Dieckmann condensations, in which the two ester groups within a diester molecule react with release of an alcohol molecule to form a β-ketoester product.Actually in this process two water molecules are released. As given below (n+n=2n)
The condensation reaction-speed can be catalyzed, by simply adding a concentrated acid to the reaction. It effects it by acidifying the environment whereas the reaction takes place the acid thereby binds with the water molecules and speed up the process. Also, an example of the condensation reaction is the dehydration synthesis.
Contents
[hide]
1 Mechanisms
2 Applications
3 Condensation polymerization
4 See also
5 References
Mechanisms[edit]
This section needs expansion with: an encyclopedic description of the mechanisms by condensation reactions occur (e.g., as in Carey & Sundberg or March). You can help by adding to it. (March 2017)
Condensation reactions can follow a variety of different reaction mechanisms, depending on the groups reacting and the conditions employed to perform the reaction (solvent, temperature, reaction additives, etc.).[citation needed]
Applications[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
This section contains embedded lists that may be poorly defined, unverified or indiscriminate. Please help to clean it up to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Where appropriate, incorporate items into the main body of the article. (March 2017)
Many artificial, man-made chemical reactions, and many biological transformations are condensation reactions.[citation needed] In the latter case (reactions in nature), phosphorylation and glycosylation reactions are generally all condensations, as are the key bond-forming reactions in all polypeptide and polynucleotide syntheses, and much of polyketide and terpene biosynthesis as well.[citation needed] Examples of the large number of condensation reactions are used in synthetic organic chemistry include:
Unexpected use of template {{1}} - see Template:1 for details.
Acyloin condensation
Aldol condensation
Claisen condensation
Claisen–Schmidt condensation
Darzens reaction (glycidic ester condensation)
Dieckmann condensation
Guareschi–Thorpe condensation
Knoevenagel condensation
Pechmann condensation
Rap–Stoermer condensation
Self-condensation or symmetrical aldol condensation
Thorpe–Ziegler reaction
The reactions that form acid anhydrides from their constituent acids are also typically condensation reactions.[citation needed]
Condensation polymerization[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. The specific problem is: the current array of sentences fails as encyclopedic, lacking the scope, structure, details, examples, and sources of even a stub section compliant with WP:VERIFY Please help improve this article if you can. (March 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Condensation polymerization produces many important polymers, for example: nylon, polyester, and other condensation polymers and various epoxies. It is also the basis for the laboratory formation of silicates and polyphosphates. In condensation polymerization or "step-growth polymerization", multiple condensation reactions take place, joining monomers and monomer chains into long chains called polymers. It occurs for example in the synthesis of polyesters or nylons. It can be homopolymerization of a single monomer A-B with two different end groups that condense, or copolymerization of two co-monomers A-A and B-B.
Condensation polymerization releases multiple small molecules, in contrast to polyaddition reactions, which do not. In general, condensation polymers form more slowly than addition polymers, often requiring heat. They are generally lower in molecular weight. Monomers are consumed early in the reaction; the terminal functional groups remain active throughout; and short chains combine to form longer chains. A high conversion rate is required to achieve high molecular weights, per Carothers' equation.
Bifunctional monomers lead to linear chains, and therefore thermoplastic polymers, but, when the monomer functionality exceeds two, the product is a branched chain that may be a thermosetting polymer.
See also[edit]
Anabolism
Hydrolysis, the opposite of a condensation reaction
Condensed tannins
References[edit]
Jump up ^ IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (1994) "Condensation Reaction".
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Condensation_reaction&oldid=805150738"
Categories:
Condensation reactions
Hidden categories:
Articles needing additional references from April 2017
All articles needing additional references
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017
Articles to be expanded from March 2017
All articles to be expanded
Articles needing additional references from March 2017
Articles needing cleanup from March 2017
All pages needing cleanup
Wikipedia list cleanup from March 2017
Templates with incorrect parameter syntax
Cleanup tagged articles with a reason field from March 2017
Wikipedia pages needing cleanup from March 2017
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
Català
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
فارسی
Français
Gaeilge
Հայերեն
Italiano
עברית
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
کوردی
Српски / srpski
Basa Sunda
Suomi
Svenska
ไทย
Українська
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 13 October 2017, at 11:54.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view

value: mw-page-base noprint

value: mw-head-base noprint

value: firstHeading firstHeading en

value: siteSub noprint

value: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attr: class href

value: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

tag: span

tag: small

tag: tbody

value: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

attr: alt src width height class data-file-width data-file-height

value: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2017)

value:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

value:
/wiki/Water_molecule
mw-redirect
Water molecule

value:
plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content
presentation

value: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced

value: Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Embedded lists

value:
plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style
presentation

value:
/wiki/Polypeptide_synthesis
mw-redirect
Polypeptide synthesis

value:
/wiki/Rap%E2%80%93Stoermer_condensation
mw-redirect
Rap–Stoermer condensation

value:
/wiki/Thorpe%E2%80%93Ziegler_reaction
mw-redirect
Thorpe–Ziegler reaction

value: div-col columns column-count column-count-3

value: -moz-column-count: 3; -webkit-column-count: 3; column-count: 3;

value: Edit section: Condensation polymerization

value: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Cleanup

value:
/wiki/Carothers%27_equation
mw-redirect
Carothers' equation

value: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

value:
nofollow
external text
http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01238.html

value:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

value: Category:Articles needing additional references from April 2017

value: Category:All articles needing additional references

value: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

value: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017

value: Category:Articles to be expanded from March 2017

value: Category:Articles needing additional references from March 2017

value: Category:Articles needing cleanup from March 2017

value: Category:Wikipedia list cleanup from March 2017

value: Category:Templates with incorrect parameter syntax

value: Category:Cleanup tagged articles with a reason field from March 2017

value: Category:Wikipedia pages needing cleanup from March 2017

value: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

value: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

value: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

value: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

value:
/wiki/Condensation_reaction
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

value: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

value: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

value:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

value: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

value: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

value:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

value:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

value:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

value: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

value: Find background information on current events

value:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

value: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

value: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

value: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

value: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

value: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

value: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

value: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

value:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

value: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

value: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

value:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

value: تفاعل تكاثف – Arabic

value: Αντίδραση συμπύκνωσης – Greek

value: واکنش تراکمی – Persian

value: Imoibriú comhdhlúthúcháin (ceimic) – Irish

value: Կոնդենսացման ռեակցիաներ – Armenian

value: תגובת דחיסה – Hebrew

value: Kondensasjonsreaksjon – Norwegian Nynorsk

value: Конденсация (химия) – Russian

value: کاردانەوەی خەستبوونەوە – Central Kurdish

value: ปฏิกิริยาการควบแน่น – Thai

value: Реакція конденсації – Ukrainian

value: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

value: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

value:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

value: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Condensation_reaction rootpage-Condensation_reaction vector-experimental-print-styles vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view


text:
Once Upon a Time in China
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Once Upon a Time in China
Traditional
黃飛鴻
Simplified
黄飞鸿
Mandarin
Huáng Fēihóng
Cantonese
Wong4 Fei1-hung4
Directed by
Tsui Hark
Produced by
Tsui Hark
Written by
Tsui Hark
Yuen Kai-chi (阮繼志)
Leung Yiu-ming
Elsa Tang (鄧碧燕)
Starring
Jet Li
Yuen Biao
Jacky Cheung
Rosamund Kwan
Kent Cheng
Music by
James Wong
George Lam (theme song)
Cinematography
Ardy Lam
Bill Wong
David Chung
Arthur Wong
Wingo Chan
Wilson Chan
Edited by
Marco Mak
Production
company
Golden Harvest
Paragon Films
Film Workshop
Distributed by
Golden Harvest
Release date
15 August 1991 (1991-08-15)
Running time
134 minutes
Country
Hong Kong
Language
Cantonese
Box office
HK$29,672,278.00
Once Upon a Time in China is a 1991 Hong Kong martial arts film written and directed by Tsui Hark, starring Jet Li as Chinese folk hero Wong Fei-hung. It is the first installment in the Once Upon a Time in China film series.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Release and reception
3.1 Critical response
3.2 Awards and nominations
4 Notes
4.1 References
5 External links
Plot[edit]
The film is set in Foshan, China sometime in the late 19th century during the Qing dynasty. Liu Yongfu, the commander of the Black Flag Army, invites Wong Fei-hung on board his ship to watch a lion dance. Some sailors on board a nearby American ship hear the sound of firecrackers and mistakenly think that Liu's ship is opening fire at them, so they return fire and injure the dancers. Wong picks up the lion head and finishes the performance. Liu comments about the perilous situation China is in, and then gives Wong a hand fan inscribed with all the unequal treaties signed between China and other countries.
Wong is the martial arts instructor of the local militia in Foshan. He also runs his own traditional Chinese medicine clinic, Po-chi-lam, and has three apprentices: "Pork" Wing, "Bucktooth" So, and Kai. He meets Siu-kwan, the daughter of a sworn brother of his grandfather. Even though she is around the same age as him, he still has to address her as "13th Aunt" as she is considered more "senior" than him. They have romantic feelings for each other, but their relationship is restrained because it is seen as taboo in the conservative Chinese society of their time.
Leung Foon arrives in Foshan with an opera troupe to stage performances. He encounters 13th Aunt by chance, has a few clumsy encounters with her, and develops a crush on her. He also runs into trouble with the Shaho Gang, which terrorises and extorts money from local businesses. A fight breaks out between the gang and the local militia while Wong is having a meeting at a restaurant with the Governor of Foshan. The gangsters flee when they realise they are no match for Wong. The Governor blames Wong for the disturbance, and disbands and arrests the militia members. Wong confronts the Shaho Gang's leader, defeats him and captures him, but the authorities release him because no one wants to help Wong by testifying as a witness in court.
In the meantime, Leung Foon meets a northern martial artist, "Iron Vest" Yim, and decides to follow him. Yim wants to become famous and start a martial arts school in Foshan, but he needs to prove himself first. One night, the Shaho Gang sets fire to Po-chi-lam in revenge, after which they flee and take shelter under Jackson, an American official. In return for protection from the authorities, the Shaho Gang helps Jackson run his underground human trafficking ring by kidnapping Chinese women to be sent to America as prostitutes. When Wong and the Governor are watching an opera performance, the Shaho Gang and Jackson's men ambush them and try to assassinate the Governor and kill Wong. Their plan fails but many innocent people at the theatre are wounded. The Governor blames Wong and threatens to arrest and execute him, but allows him to give medical attention to the injured.
While tending to the injured people in his clinic, Wong meets an escaped Chinese labourer from America who relates his story of how he and his fellow labourers were treated in America. Just then, Yim arrives at Po-chi-lam and insists on challenging Wong to a fight to prove he is the better fighter. Yim leaves with Leung Foon after he is defeated by Wong and joins the Shaho Gang – even though Leung strongly objects to Yim working with the gang. Shortly after Yim left, the Governor shows up and orders his men to search Po-chi-lam for fugitives. While buying time for the labourer, 13th Aunt and "Bucktooth" So to escape, Wong and his apprentices fight with the Governor's men until 13th Aunt, "Bucktooth" So and the labourer have escaped. Wong then surrenders himself and is imprisoned along with his apprentices. In the meantime, the Shaho Gang kills the labourer, abducts 13th Aunt and takes her to their base. Bucktooth So escapes and goes to the prison to inform Wong. The prison guards release Wong and his apprentices out of respect for him.
Wong and his apprentices disguise themselves and infiltrate Jackson's base to find and rescue 13th Aunt. Wong engages Yim in a one-on-one fight and defeats him again. At the same time, Wong's apprentices and Leung Foon overcome the Shaho Gang and Jackson's men, and save 13th Aunt and the kidnapped women. Yim is killed by gunfire from Jackson's men. During the fight on the boat, the Shaho gang leader is thrown into the furnace and burned alive. At the critical moment, Jackson takes the Governor hostage at gunpoint, but Wong kills Jackson by using his fingers to flick an unused bullet into Jackson's forehead, and saves the Governor. At the end of the film, Wong accepts Leung as his fourth apprentice and they take a group photo in Po-chi-lam.
Cast[edit]
Jet Li as Wong Fei-hung (doubled by Hung Yan-yan)
Yuen Biao as Leung Foon
Jacky Cheung as "Bucktooth" So
Rosamund Kwan as "13th Aunt" Siu-kwan
Kent Cheng as Lam Sai-wing ("Porky" Wing)
Yuen Kam-fai as Ling Wan-kai ("Kai")
Yen Shi-kwan as "Iron Vest" Yim
Jonathan Isgar as Jackson
Steve Tartalia as Tiger
Mark King as General Wickens
Lau Shun as Liu Yongfu
Yau Kin-kwok as Shaho Gang Leader Tong
Wong Chi-yeung as the Governor (Magistrate)
Bruce Fontaine as policeman
Yuen Cheung-yan as Yim's opponent
Yuen Shun-yee as prison guard
Jimmy Wang as escaped labourer
Hung Yan-yan as Shaho Gang member
Wu Ma as Granduncle Cheung (cameo)
Shih Kien as old man who gives advice (cameo)
Simon Yam (cameo)
Colin George as Jesuit priest
Leung Gam-san as opera troupe boss
Joanna Peijiffers as Joanna
San Sin as lion dance drummer
To Wai-wo as local militia
Ling Chi-hung as local militia
Fei Gin as local militia
Lam Foo-wai as local militia
Cho Yuen-daat as local militia
Lung Biu as Shaho gang member
Tong Pau-chung as Shaho Gang member
Kong Chuen as Shaho Gang member
Chan Siu-wah as Shaho Gang member
Sham Chin-bo as Shaho Gang member
Wong Wai-leung as Shaho Gang member
Anthony Carpio as Shaho Gang member
Chun Kwai-bo as Shaho Gang member
Hui Si-man as hawker
Neil Preen as soldier
Sham Tsim-po
Sin Ka-fai
Marcus Fox
Release and reception[edit]
Once Upon a Time in China was released in Hong Kong on 15 August 1991.[1] The film was a box office hit and is largely credited with starting the period martial arts craze of the early to mid 1990s. It ran for almost two months, the longest duration for any of the series, and grossed $29,672,278 HKD in Hong Kong.[2]
Critical response[edit]
Once Upon a Time in China was given highly favorable reviews from film critics.[3] Rotten Tomatoes reported a score of 88%.[4]
Awards and nominations[edit]
Awards and nominations
Ceremony
Category
Name
Outcome
11th Hong Kong Film Awards[5]
Best Film Once Upon a Time in China Nominated
Best Director Tsui Hark Won
Best Supporting Actor Jacky Cheung Nominated
Best Film Editing Marco Mak Won
Best Cinematographer Ardy Lam, Bill Wong, David Chung,
Arthur Wong, Wingo Chan, Wilson Chan Nominated
Best Art Direction Yee Chung-Man Nominated
Best Action Choreography Yuen Cheung-yan, Yuen Shun-yee, Lau Kar-wing Won
Best Original Film Score James Wong Won
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Morton, 2009. p.75
Jump up ^ [1]
Jump up ^ Holden, Stephen (21 May 1992). "Review/Film; Kung Fu and Social Satire In a Martial-Arts Fantasy". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-12-14.
Jump up ^ http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/once_upon_a_time_in_china/
Jump up ^ "第11屆香港電影金像獎得獎名單". Hong Kong Film Awards. Retrieved 14 November 2011.
References[edit]
Morton, Lisa (2009). The Cinema of Tsui Hark. McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-4460-6. Retrieved 14 November 2011.
External links[edit]
China portal
Hong Kong portal
Film portal
1990s portal
Once Upon a Time in China at AllMovie
Once Upon a Time in China on IMDb
Once Upon a Time in China at Rotten Tomatoes
[show]
v
t
e
Films directed by Tsui Hark
Films
The Butterfly Murders (1979)
We're Going to Eat You (1980)
All the Wrong Clues (1981)
Zu Warriors from the Magic Mountain (1983)
Shanghai Blues (1984)
Aces Go Places 3 (1984)
Peking Opera Blues (1986)
A Better Tomorrow III (1989)
The Master (1989)
Once Upon a Time in China (1991)
The Raid (1991)
Once Upon a Time in China II (1992)
Green Snake (1993)
Once Upon a Time in China III (1993)
The Lovers (1994)
Once Upon a Time in China V (1994)
The Blade (1995)
The Chinese Feast (1995)
Tristar (1996)
Double Team (1997)
Knock Off (1998)
Time and Tide (2000)
The Legend of Zu (2001)
Black Mask 2: City of Masks (2002)
Seven Swords (2005)
All About Women (2008)
Detective Dee and the Mystery of the Phantom Flame (2010)
Flying Swords of Dragon Gate (2011)
Young Detective Dee: Rise of the Sea Dragon (2013)
The Taking of Tiger Mountain (2014)
Journey to the West: The Demons Strike Back (2017)
Detective Dee: The Four Heavenly Kings (2018)
Collaborating director
The Banquet (1991)
Twin Dragons (1992)
Triangle (2007)
[show]
v
t
e
Tsui Hark's Once Upon a Time in China
Films
Once Upon a Time in China (1991)
Once Upon a Time in China II (1992)
Once Upon a Time in China III (1993)
Once Upon a Time in China IV (1994)
Once Upon a Time in China V (1994)
Once Upon a Time in China and America (1997)
Television
Wong Fei Hung Series (1996)
Related films
Iron Monkey (1993)
Last Hero in China (1993)
Characters
Wong Fei-hung
Thirteenth Aunt
Porky Wing
Wong Kei-ying
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Once_Upon_a_Time_in_China&oldid=838429815"
Categories:
1991 films
Cantonese-language films
1990s action films
1990s biographical films
1990s martial arts films
Hong Kong films
Hong Kong action films
Hong Kong biographical films
Hong Kong martial arts films
Kung fu films
Mixed martial arts films
Once Upon a Time in China series
Golden Harvest films
Films directed by Tsui Hark
Films about race and ethnicity
Films set in Guangdong
Films set in the Qing dynasty
Hidden categories:
Use Hong Kong English from January 2014
All Wikipedia articles written in Hong Kong English
Use dmy dates from January 2014
Articles containing Chinese-language text
Pages using div col with deprecated parameters
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Deutsch
فارسی
Français
한국어
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
Magyar
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
日本語
Polski
Русский
Suomi
ไทย
Tiếng Việt
中文
7 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 26 April 2018, at 23:50.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

tag: div

attr: id class

value: mw-page-base noprint

key: html

type: local

value: mw-head-base noprint

tag: a

tag: i

attr: id class lang

value: firstHeading firstHeading en

value: siteSub noprint

value: jump-to-nav mw-jump

tag: th

attr: colspan class style

tag: tr

tag: img

attr: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attr: href class

tag: td

attr: colspan style

value: 2 description text-align:center

attr: href title

tag: big

value:
/wiki/Sworn_brother
mw-redirect
Sworn brother

value: div-col columns column-count column-count-3

value: -moz-column-count: 3; -webkit-column-count: 3; column-count: 3;

value:
/wiki/Hong_Kong_Film_Awards
mw-redirect
Hong Kong Film Awards

value: background: #FDD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;

value: background: #99FF99; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;

value: Hong Kong Film Award for Best Supporting Actor

value: Hong Kong Film Award for Best Cinematography

value: Hong Kong Film Award for Best Art Direction

value:
/wiki/Yee_Chung-Man
mw-redirect
Yee Chung-Man

value: Hong Kong Film Award for Best Action Choreography

value:
/wiki/Yuen_Shun-yee
mw-redirect
Yuen Shun-yee

value: Hong Kong Film Award for Best Original Film Score

value:
nofollow
external text
http://www.hkfaa.com/winnerlist11.html

value:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

value: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

value: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

value:
nofollow
external text
https://www.allmovie.com/movie/v119263

value:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0103285/
external text

value: All the Wrong Clues for the Right Solution

value: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

value: Category:Once Upon a Time in China series

value: Category:Use Hong Kong English from January 2014

value: Category:All Wikipedia articles written in Hong Kong English

value: Category:Use dmy dates from January 2014

value: Category:Articles containing Chinese-language text

value: Category:Pages using div col with deprecated parameters

value: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

value: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

value: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

value: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

value:
/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_in_China
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

value: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

value: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

value:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

value: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

value: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

value:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

value:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

value:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

value: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

value: Find background information on current events

value:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

value: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

value: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

value: Permanent link to this revision of the page

value: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

value: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

value: روزی روزگاری در چین – Persian

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

value: ワンス・アポン・ア・タイム・イン・チャイナ – Japanese

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

value: Однажды в Китае – Russian

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

value: หวงเฟยหง ภาค 1 ตอน หมัดบินทะลุเหล็ก – Thai

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

value: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

value: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Once_Upon_a_Time_in_China rootpage-Once_Upon_a_Time_in_China skin-vector action-view


text:
Chromosome 21 (human)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (February 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Chromosome 21 (human)
Human chromosome 21 pair after G-banding.
One is from mother, one is from father.
Chromosome 21 pair
in human male karyogram.
Features
Length (bp)
46,709,983 bp
(GRCh38)[1]
No. of genes
215 (CCDS)[2]
Type
Autosome
Centromere position
Acrocentric[3]
(12.0 Mbp[4])
Complete gene lists
CCDS
Gene list
HGNC
Gene list
NCBI
Gene list
External map viewers
Ensembl
Chromosome 21
Entrez
Chromosome 21
NCBI
Chromosome 21
UCSC
Chromosome 21
Full DNA sequences
RefSeq
NC_000021 (FASTA)
GenBank
CM000683 (FASTA)
Chromosome 21 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. Chromosome 21 is the smallest human autosome, with 48 million nucleotides (the building material of DNA) representing about 1.5 percent of the total DNA in cells. Most people have two copies of chromosome 21, while those with three copies of chromosome 21 have Down syndrome, also called "trisomy 21".
Researchers working on the Human Genome Project announced that they had determined the sequence of base pairs that make up this chromosome. Chromosome 21 was the second human chromosome to be fully sequenced, after chromosome 22.
Contents
[hide]
1 Genes
1.1 Number of genes
1.2 Gene list
2 Diseases and disorders
3 Chromosomal conditions
4 Cytogenetic band
5 References
6 External links
Genes[edit]
Number of genes[edit]
The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 21. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.[5]
Estimated by Protein-coding genes Non-coding RNA genes Pseudogenes Source Release date
CCDS 215 - - [2] 2016-09-08
HGNC 217 165 180 [6] 2017-05-12
Ensembl 234 404 183 [7] 2017-03-29
NCBI 256 356 207 [8][9][10] 2017-05-19
Gene list[edit]
See also: Category:Genes on human chromosome 21.
The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 21. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right.
ADAMTS1
APP: amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein (peptidase nexin-II, Alzheimer disease)[11]
C21orf45: encoding protein Protein Mis18-alpha
C21orf55/DNAJC28: encoding protein DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 28
C21orf56: encoding protein Uncharacterized protein C21orf56
C21orf59: Chromosome 21 open reading frame 59
C21orf62: expressed in tissues of the brain and reproductive organs
C21orf66: encoding protein GC-rich sequence DNA-binding factor homolog
CBS: cystathionine-beta-synthase
CLDN14: claudin 14
CRYZL1: Crystallin zeta-like 1
CTSB
CYYR1: Cysteine and tyrosine rich 1
DIP2A: Disco-interacting protein 2 homolog A
DOPEY2: Dopey family member 2
DSCR1: Down Syndrome critical region 1[12]
DYRK1A: dual specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A
ERG
ETS2
FAM3B: Family with sequence similarity 3 member B
FRGCA: encoding protein FOXM1-regulated, gastric cancer associated
HLCS: holocarboxylase synthetase (biotin-(propionyl-Coenzyme A-carboxylase (ATP-hydrolysing)) ligase)
KCNE1: potassium voltage-gated channel, Isk-related family, member 1
KCNE2: potassium voltage-gated channel, Isk-related family, member 2
LAD: leukocyte adhesion deficiency (symbols are ITGB2, CD18, LCAMB)
NRIP1
OLIG2
PCNT: centrosomal pericentrin
PDXK: encoding enzyme Pyridoxal kinase
PSMG1: Proteasome assembly chaperone 1
RNR4: RNA, ribosomal 45S cluster 4
RRP1: encoding protein Ribosomal RNA processing protein 1 homolog A
RRP1B: ribosomal RNA processing 1 homolog B
RWDD2B: encoding protein RWD domain-containing protein 2B
RUNX1
S100B: calcium binding protein
SOD1: superoxide dismutase 1, soluble (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1 (adult))
TFF1, TFF2, TFF3
TIAM1
TMEM1: encoding protein Trafficking protein particle complex subunit 10
TMPRSS2
TMPRSS3: transmembrane protease, serine 3
TTC3: Tetratricopeptide Repeat Domain 3
Diseases and disorders[edit]
The following diseases are some of those related to genes on chromosome 21:
Alzheimer's disease[11]
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome
Down syndrome
Erondu–Cymet syndrome
Holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency
Homocystinuria
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency
Majewski osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (MOPD II, or MOPD2)
Nonsyndromic deafness
Romano–Ward syndrome
Chromosomal conditions[edit]
Translocation Down's syndrome affecting Chromosome 21
The following conditions are caused by changes in the structure or number of copies of chromosome 21:
Cancers: Rearrangements (translocations) of genetic material between chromosome 21 and other chromosomes have been associated with several types of cancer. For example, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (a type of blood cancer most often diagnosed in childhood) has been associated with a translocation between chromosomes 12 and 21. Another form of leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, has been associated with a translocation between chromosomes 8 and 21.
In a small percentage of cases, Down syndrome is caused by a rearrangement of chromosomal material between chromosome 21 and another chromosome. As a result, a person has the usual two copies of chromosome 21, plus extra material from chromosome 21 attached to another chromosome. These cases are called translocation Down syndrome. Researchers believe that extra copies of genes on chromosome 21 disrupt the course of normal development, causing the characteristic features of Down syndrome and the increased risk of medical problems associated with this disorder.
Other changes in the number or structure of chromosome 21 can have a variety of effects, including intellectual disability, delayed development, and characteristic facial features. In some cases, the signs and symptoms are similar to those of Down syndrome. Changes to chromosome 21 include a missing segment of the chromosome in each cell (partial monosomy 21) and a circular structure called ring chromosome 21. A ring chromosome occurs when both ends of a broken chromosome are reunited.
Duplication in Amyloid precursor protein (APP) locus (duplicated segment varies in length but includes APP) on Chromosome 21 was found to cause early onset familial Alzheimer's disease in a French family set (Rovelet-Lecrux et al.) and a Dutch family set.[11] Compared to Alzheimer's caused by missense mutations in APP, the frequency of the Alzheimer's caused by APP duplications is significant. All patients that have an extra copy of APP gene due to the locus duplication show Alzheimer's with severe cerebral amyloid angiopathy.
Cytogenetic band[edit]
G-banding ideograms of human chromosome 21
G-banding ideogram of human chromosome 21 in resolution 850 bphs. Band length in this diagram is proportional to base-pair length. This type of ideogram is generally used in genome browsers (e.g. Ensembl, UCSC Genome Browser).
G-banding patterns of human chromosome 21 in three different resolutions (400,[13] 550[14] and 850[4]). Band length in this diagram is based on the ideograms from ISCN (2013).[15] This type of ideogram represents actual relative band length observed under a microscope at the different moments during the mitotic process.[16]
G-bands of human chromosome 21 in resolution 850 bphs[17]
Chr.
Arm[18]
Band[19]
ISCN
start[20]
ISCN
stop[20]
Basepair
start
Basepair
stop
Stain[21]
Density
21 p 13 0 311 7000100000000000000♠1 7006310000000000000♠3,100,000 gvar
21 p 12 311 683 7006310000100000000♠3,100,001 7006700000000000000♠7,000,000 stalk
21 p 11.2 683 1056 7006700000100000000♠7,000,001 7007109000000000000♠10,900,000 gvar
21 p 11.1 1056 1274 7007109000010000000♠10,900,001 7007120000000000000♠12,000,000 acen
21 q 11.1 1274 1367 7007120000010000000♠12,000,001 7007130000000000000♠13,000,000 acen
21 q 11.2 1367 1584 7007130000010000000♠13,000,001 7007150000000000000♠15,000,000 gneg
21 q 21.1 1584 2019 7007150000010000000♠15,000,001 7007226000000000000♠22,600,000 gpos 100
21 q 21.2 2019 2144 7007226000010000000♠22,600,001 7007255000000000000♠25,500,000 gneg
21 q 21.3 2144 2330 7007255000010000000♠25,500,001 7007302000000000000♠30,200,000 gpos 75
21 q 22.11 2330 2485 7007302000010000000♠30,200,001 7007344000000000000♠34,400,000 gneg
21 q 22.12 2485 2610 7007344000010000000♠34,400,001 7007364000000000000♠36,400,000 gpos 50
21 q 22.13 2610 2703 7007364000010000000♠36,400,001 7007383000000000000♠38,300,000 gneg
21 q 22.2 2703 2858 7007383000010000000♠38,300,001 7007412000000000000♠41,200,000 gpos 50
21 q 22.3 2858 3200 7007412000010000000♠41,200,001 7007467099830000000♠46,709,983 gneg
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Human Genome Assembly GRCh38 - Genome Reference Consortium". National Center for Biotechnology Information. 2013-12-24. Retrieved 2017-03-04.
^ Jump up to: a b "Search results - 21[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("has ccds"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene". NCBI. CCDS Release 20 for Homo sapiens. 2016-09-08. Retrieved 2017-05-28.
Jump up ^ Tom Strachan; Andrew Read (2 April 2010). Human Molecular Genetics. Garland Science. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-136-84407-2.
^ Jump up to: a b Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
Jump up ^ Pertea M, Salzberg SL (2010). "Between a chicken and a grape: estimating the number of human genes". Genome Biol. 11 (5): 206. doi:10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-206. PMC 2898077  . PMID 20441615.
Jump up ^ "Statistics & Downloads for chromosome 21". HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee. 2017-05-12. Retrieved 2017-05-19.
Jump up ^ "Chromosome 21: Chromosome summary - Homo sapiens". Ensembl Release 88. 2017-03-29. Retrieved 2017-05-19.
Jump up ^ "Search results - 21[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("genetype protein coding"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene". NCBI. 2017-05-19. Retrieved 2017-05-20.
Jump up ^ "Search results - 21[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ( ("genetype miscrna"[Properties] OR "genetype ncrna"[Properties] OR "genetype rrna"[Properties] OR "genetype trna"[Properties] OR "genetype scrna"[Properties] OR "genetype snrna"[Properties] OR "genetype snorna"[Properties]) NOT "genetype protein coding"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene". NCBI. 2017-05-19. Retrieved 2017-05-20.
Jump up ^ "Search results - 21[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("genetype pseudo"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene". NCBI. 2017-05-19. Retrieved 2017-05-20.
^ Jump up to: a b c Sleegers K, Brouwers N, Gijselinck I, Theuns J, Goossens D, Wauters J, Del-Favero J, Cruts M, van Duijn CM, Van Broeckhoven C (2006). "APP duplication is sufficient to cause early onset Alzheimer's dementia with cerebral amyloid angiopathy". Brain. 129 (Pt 11): 2977–83. doi:10.1093/brain/awl203. PMID 16921174.
Jump up ^ Gardiner K, Davisson M (2000). "The sequence of human chromosome 21 and implications for research into Down syndrome". Genome Biol. 1 (2): REVIEWS0002. doi:10.1186/gb-2000-1-2-reviews0002. PMC 138845  . PMID 11178230.
Jump up ^ Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (400 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-03-04. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
Jump up ^ Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (550 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2015-08-11. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
Jump up ^ International Standing Committee on Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). ISCN 2013: An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. ISBN 978-3-318-02253-7.
Jump up ^ Sethakulvichai, W.; Manitpornsut, S.; Wiboonrat, M.; Lilakiatsakun, W.; Assawamakin, A.; Tongsima, S. (2012). "Estimation of band level resolutions of human chromosome images" (PDF). In Computer Science and Software Engineering (JCSSE), 2012 International Joint Conference on: 276–282. doi:10.1109/JCSSE.2012.6261965. ISBN 978-1-4673-1921-8.
Jump up ^ Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
Jump up ^ "p": Short arm; "q": Long arm.
Jump up ^ For cytogenetic banding nomenclature, see article locus.
^ Jump up to: a b These values (ISCN start/stop) are based on the length of bands/ideograms from the ISCN book, An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Arbitrary unit.
Jump up ^ gpos: Region which is positively stained by G banding, generally AT-rich and gene poor; gneg: Region which is negatively stained by G banding, generally CG-rich and gene rich; acen Centromere. var: Variable region; stalk: Stalk.
Antonarakis SE, Lyle R, Dermitzakis ET, Reymond A, Deutsch S (2004). "Chromosome 21 and down syndrome: from genomics to pathophysiology". Nat Rev Genet. 5 (10): 725–38. doi:10.1038/nrg1448. PMID 15510164.
Antonarakis SE, Lyle R, Deutsch S, Reymond A (2002). "Chromosome 21: a small land of fascinating disorders with unknown pathophysiology". Int J Dev Biol. 46 (1): 89–96. PMID 11902692.
Antonarakis SE (2001). "Chromosome 21: from sequence to applications". Curr Opin Genet Dev. 11 (3): 241–6. doi:10.1016/S0959-437X(00)00185-4. PMID 11377958.
Gilbert F (1997). "Disease genes and chromosomes: disease maps of the human genome. Chromosome 21". Genet Test. 1 (4): 301–6. doi:10.1089/gte.1997.1.301. PMID 10464663.
Hattori M, Fujiyama A, Taylor TD, Watanabe H, Yada T, Park HS, Toyoda A, Ishii K, Totoki Y, Choi DK, Groner Y, Soeda E, Ohki M, Takagi T, Sakaki Y, Taudien S, Blechschmidt K, Polley A, Menzel U, Delabar J, Kumpf K, Lehmann R, Patterson D, Reichwald K, Rump A, Schillhabel M, Schudy A, Zimmermann W, Rosenthal A, Kudoh J, Schibuya K, Kawasaki K, Asakawa S, Shintani A, Sasaki T, Nagamine K, Mitsuyama S, Antonarakis SE, Minoshima S, Shimizu N, Nordsiek G, Hornischer K, Brant P, Scharfe M, Schon O, Desario A, Reichelt J, Kauer G, Blocker H, Ramser J, Beck A, Klages S, Hennig S, Riesselmann L, Dagand E, Haaf T, Wehrmeyer S, Borzym K, Gardiner K, Nizetic D, Francis F, Lehrach H, Reinhardt R, Yaspo ML (2000). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21". Nature. 405 (6784): 311–9. doi:10.1038/35012518. PMID 10830953.
Sawinska M, Ladon D (2004). "Mechanism, detection and clinical significance of the reciprocal translocation t(12;21)(p12;q22) in the children suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukaemia". Leuk Res. 28 (1): 35–42. doi:10.1016/S0145-2126(03)00160-7. PMID 14630078.
Rovelet-Lecrux A, Hannequin D, Raux G, Le Meur N, Laquerriere A, Vital A, Dumanchin C, Feuillette S, Brice A, Vercelletto M, Dubas F, Frebourg T, Campion D (2005). "APP locus duplication causes autosomal dominant early-onset Alzheimer disease with cerebral amyloid angiopathy". Nature Genetics. 38 (1): 24–6. doi:10.1038/ng1718. PMID 16369530.
Anita Rauch; Christian T. Thiel; Detlev Schindler; Ursula Wick; Yanick J. Crow; Arif B. Ekici; Anthonie J. van Essen; Timm O. Goecke; Lihadh Al-Gazali; Krystyna H. Chrzanowska; Christiane Zweier; Han G. Brunner; Kristin Becker; Cynthia J. Curry; Bruno Dallapiccola; Koenraad Devriendt; Arnd Dörfler; Esther Kinning; André Megarbane; Peter Meinecke; Robert K. Semple; Stephanie Spranger; Annick Toutain; Richard C. Trembath; Egbert Voss; Louise Wilson; Raoul Hennekam; Francis de Zegher; Helmut-Günther Dörr; André Reis (2008). "Mutations in the Pericentrin (PCNT) Gene Cause Primordial Dwarfism". Science Online: 7.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Human chromosome 21.
National Institutes of Health. "Chromosome 21". Genetics Home Reference. Retrieved 2017-05-06.
"Chromosome 21". Human Genome Project Information Archive 1990–2003. Retrieved 2017-05-06.
[show]
v
t
e
Human genome
Nuclear genome
Autosome
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Sex chromosome
X
Y
Mitochondrial genome
Human mitochondrial DNA
[show]
v
t
e
Cytogenetics: chromosomes
Basic
concepts
Karyotype
Ploidy
Genetic material/Genome
Chromatin
Euchromatin
Heterochromatin
Chromosome
Chromatid
Nucleosome
Nuclear organization
Types
Autosome/Sex chromosome (or allosome or heterosome)
Macrochromosome/Microchromosome
Circular chromosome/Linear chromosome
Extra chromosome (or accessory chromosome)
Supernumerary chromosome
A chromosome/B chromosome
Lampbrush chromosome
Polytene chromosome
Dinoflagellate chromosomes
Homologous chromosome
Isochromosome
Satellite chromosome
Centromere position
Metacentric
Submetacentric
Telocentric
Acrocentric
Holocentric
Centromere number
Acentric
Monocentric
Dicentric
Polycentric
Processes
and evolution
Mitosis
Meiosis
Structural alterations
Chromosomal inversion
Chromosomal translocation
Numerical alterations
Aneuploidy
Euploidy
Polyploidy
Paleopolyploidy
Polyploidization
Structures
Telomere: Telomere-binding protein (TINF2)
Protamine
Histone
H1
H2A
H2B
H3
H4
Centromere
A
B
C1
C2
E
F
H
I
J
K
M
N
O
P
Q
T
See also
Extrachromosomal DNA
Plasmid
List of organisms by chromosome count
List of chromosome lengths for various organisms
List of sequenced genomes
International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chromosome_21_(human)&oldid=821761164"
Categories:
Chromosomes (human)
Genes on human chromosome 21
Hidden categories:
Articles lacking in-text citations from February 2013
All articles lacking in-text citations
Pages using div col without cols and colwidth parameters
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
বাংলা
Bân-lâm-gú
Bosanski
Català
Deutsch
Eesti
Español
فارسی
Français
Galego
Hrvatski
Italiano
Magyar
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Tagalog
Türkçe
Українська
Tiếng Việt
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 22 January 2018, at 13:42.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

value: mw-page-base noprint

value: mw-head-base noprint

value: firstHeading firstHeading en

value: siteSub noprint

value: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attr: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

tag: b

value: Wikipedia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check

value: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes

attr: alt src width height data-file-width data-file-height

value: Human male karyotpe high resolution - Chromosome 21 cropped.png

value: Human male karyotpe high resolution - Chromosome 21.png

value:
/wiki/Number_of_genes
mw-redirect
Number of genes

value:
/wiki/Genome_annotation
mw-redirect
Genome annotation

value:
/wiki/Protein-coding_genes
mw-redirect
Protein-coding genes

value: div-col columns column-count column-count-2

value: -moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;

value:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1186%2Fgb-2010-11-5-206

attr: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value:
/wiki/PubMed_Identifier
mw-redirect
PubMed Identifier

value:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20441615

value:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1093%2Fbrain%2Fawl203

value:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16921174

value:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11178230

value:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1109%2FJCSSE.2012.6261965

value: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

value:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1038%2Fnrg1448

value:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15510164

value:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11902692

value:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11377958

value:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1089%2Fgte.1997.1.301

value:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10464663

value:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1038%2F35012518

value:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10830953

value:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14630078

value:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1038%2Fng1718

value:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16369530

value:
nofollow
external text
http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/chromosome=21

value: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

value:
/wiki/Genetic_material
mw-redirect
Genetic material

value:
/wiki/Extra_chromosome
mw-redirect
Extra chromosome

value: List of chromosome lengths for various organisms (page does not exist)

value: Category:Articles lacking in-text citations from February 2013

value: Category:All articles lacking in-text citations

value: Category:Pages using div col without cols and colwidth parameters

value: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

value: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

value: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

value: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

value:
/wiki/Chromosome_21_(human)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

value: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

value: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

value:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

value: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

value: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

value:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

value:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

value:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

value: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

value: Find background information on current events

value: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

value: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

value: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

value: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

value: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

value:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

value: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

value: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

value:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

value: صبغي 21 (إنسان) – Arabic

value: ২১ নং ক্রোমোজোম (মানবদেহ) – Bangla

value: 21 hō jiám-sek-thé (lâng) – Chinese (Min Nan)

value: کروموزوم ۲۱ (انسان) – Persian

value: 21-я хромосома человека – Russian

value: Хромозом 21 (човек) – Serbian

value: Хромосома 21 (людина) – Ukrainian

value: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

value: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

value:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

value: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Chromosome_21_human rootpage-Chromosome_21_human skin-vector action-view


text:
Siege of Corinth
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the American Civil War battle in 1862. For the larger October 1862 battle, see Second Battle of Corinth. For other uses, see Battle of Corinth.
Siege of Corinth
Part of the American Civil War
"Crossroads of the Confederacy"
Date
April 29, 1862 (1862-04-29) – May 30, 1862 (1862-05-30)[1]
Location
Corinth, Mississippi
34°56′02″N 88°31′19″W / 34.934°N 88.522°W / 34.934; -88.522Coordinates: 34°56′02″N 88°31′19″W / 34.934°N 88.522°W / 34.934; -88.522
Result
Union victory
Belligerents
United States (Union) CSA (Confederacy)
Commanders and leaders
Henry Halleck
Ulysses S. Grant
George H. Thomas
Don Carlos Buell
John Pope
P. G. T. Beauregard
Braxton Bragg
Earl Van Dorn
Units involved
Army of the Tennessee
Army of the Ohio
Army of the Mississippi
Army of Tennessee
Army of the West
Strength
120,000 65,000
Casualties and losses
1,000[2] 1,000[2]
[show]
v
t
e
Federal Penetration up the Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers
Fort Henry
Fort Donelson
Shiloh
Corinth
Map of the Siege of Corinth Battlefield core and study areas by the American Battlefield Protection Program.
The Siege of Corinth (also known as the First Battle of Corinth) was an American Civil War engagement lasting from April 29 to May 30, 1862, in Corinth, Mississippi. A collection of Union forces under the overall command of Major General Henry Halleck engaged in a month-long siege of the city, whose Confederate occupants were commanded by General P.G.T. Beauregard. The siege resulted in the capture of the town by Federal forces.
The town was a strategic point at the junction of two vital railroad lines, the Mobile and Ohio Railroad and the Memphis and Charleston Railroad. Former Confederate Secretary of War LeRoy Pope Walker called this intersection "the vertebrae of the Confederacy".[3] General Halleck argued: "Richmond and Corinth are now the great strategic points of the war, and our success at these points should be insured at all hazards".[3] Another reason for the town's importance was that, if captured by Union forces, it would threaten the security of Chattanooga and render Southern control of the track west of that East Tennessee bastion meaningless.
The siege ended when the outnumbered Confederates withdrew on May 29. This effectively cut off the prospect of further Confederate attempts to regain western Tennessee. The Union forces under Ulysses S. Grant took control and made it the base for Grant's operations to seize control of the Mississippi River Valley, and especially the Confederate stronghold of Vicksburg, Mississippi. Grant later within his memoirs would recall the importance Corinth held in the cause to a Union victory in the region: "Corinth was a valuable strategic point for the enemy to hold, and consequently a valuable one for us to possess ourselves of".[4] General C. S. Hamilton would later recount that the importance of Corinth was summed up as such: "The Confederate armies had been driven from the Ohio River, almost out of the States of Tennessee and Kentucky a steadying back for a distance of 200 miles Federal occupation reaching the Gulf States where chivalrous foes had been sure Yankee would never set foot".[5] Sherman too would later write of the importance that Corinth held after the Second Battle of Corinth was concluded: "In Memphis I could see its effects upon the citizens, and they openly admitted that their cause had sustained a death-blow".[6]
With the siege of Corinth completed, Federal troops had the opportunity to strike towards Vicksburg or Chattanooga, but it would be after the Second Battle of Corinth that October that Grant could strike for Vicksburg. The Siege of Corinth was described by General Sherman as a change in the tactics in West Tennessee: "The effect of the battle of Corinth was very great. It was, indeed, a decisive blow to the Confederate cause in our quarter, and changed the whole aspect of affairs in West Tennessee. From the timid defensive we were at once enabled to assume the bold offensive".[6]
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
1.1 Military situation
2 Opposing forces
2.1 Union
2.2 Confederate
3 Battle
3.1 Farmington
3.2 Russell's House
3.3 Widow Surratt Farm
3.4 Double Log House
3.5 Surratt's Hill
3.6 Bridge Creek
4 Retreat
5 Aftermath
6 See also
7 Notes
8 References
8.1 Memoirs and primary sources
9 External links
Background[edit]
Military situation[edit]
Main articles: Battle of Fort Henry, Battle of Fort Donelson, and Battle of Shiloh
Further information: Western Theater of the American Civil War and American Civil War
Halleck's army marches towards Corinth
Following the Union Army victory at the Battle of Shiloh on April 6–7, Maj. Gen. Henry Halleck amassed three Union armies —the Army of the Tennessee, the Army of the Ohio, and the Army of the Mississippi— for an advance on the vital rail center of Corinth, Mississippi. Made cautious by the staggering losses at Shiloh, Halleck embarked on a tedious campaign of offensive entrenchment, fortifying after each advance. By May 25, 1862, after moving five miles in three weeks, Halleck was in position to lay siege to the town. Confederate morale was low and Beauregard was outnumbered two to one. The water was bad. Typhoid and dysentery had felled thousands of his men. At a council of war, the Confederate officers concluded that they could not hold the railroad crossover. Sickness had claimed the lives of almost as many men as the Confederacy had lost at Shiloh.[7][8]
Opposing forces[edit]
Battle map of Corinth, excerpt of map prepared and later published by the United States War Department, 1895
Union[edit]
Further information: Union order of battle
Confederate[edit]
Further information: Confederate order of battle
Battle[edit]
Farmington[edit]
Pope's encampment at Corinth
Of Halleck's wing commanders John Pope proved to be the most aggressive during the campaign. Pope led the army's Left Wing and was furthest away from Halleck's headquarters.[9] On May 3[10][11] Pope moved forward and captured the town of Farmington only a few miles from Corinth. Instead of moving the Center Wing under Don Carlos Buell forward, Halleck ordered Pope to withdraw and realign with Buell. General Pierre G. T. Beauregard ordered Earl Van Dorn to attack Pope's advanced wing on May 9.[12][13] Pope made a successful withdrawal and rejoined with Buell. General Braxton Bragg of the Confederate States Army (CSA) had 25,000 men. The Union Army had 12,000 troops on hand. Van Dorn's corps, barely engaged, had 9 casualties. Daniel Ruggles's division on the other hand, which bore the brunt of the fighting, suffered casualties of 8 dead, 89 wounded and two missing or captured.[14] The Union Army had 16 killed, 148 wounded and 14 missing or captured.[15]
Charge of the Federals
The 8th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment was ordered to draw the enemy out as to count their numbers and they withdrew to a swamp north of town. Wisconsin 8th reported 5 killed, 14 severely wounded, and 19 slightly wounded. Old Abe the Screaming Eagle accompanied the Wisconsin 8th Infantry.
Russell's House[edit]
As the wings of Halleck's army group began to align themselves in front of Corinth, Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman proposed a plan of attack against the Confederate brigade of Brig. Gen. James R. Chalmers, which had created a strong defensive position at the Russell house along the Confederate front lines. Sherman met with generals Halleck and George Henry Thomas on May 16 to discuss his plan. Sherman planned for the brigades of Colonel Morgan L. Smith and Brig. Gen. James W. Denver to lead the attack with Maj. Gen. Stephen A. Hurlbut's division lending support.[16] On May 17 the attack commenced with Denver on the right, Smith in the center and Hurlbut's reserve to the right. Chalmers offered a stubborn resistance while some of his men fired from within the Russell house. The Confederates almost succeeded with a flank attack against Smith's right but were repulsed by Colonel Thomas Kilby Smith and the 54th Illinois Infantry. As soon as a battery from the 1st Illinois Artillery deployed the advantage was in favor of the Union forces. Chalmers retreated beyond Philips Creek near the Russell house property and Morgan Smith's brigade occupied high ground on which the house stood.[17] Sherman's losses were 10 killed and 31 wounded all of which were from Smith's brigade. Confederate losses were unknown but Sherman reported 12 dead left on the field.[18] That same day a division under Brig. Gen. Thomas W. Sherman drove off a Confederate force covering a crossing along Bridge Creek.[16]
Widow Surratt Farm[edit]
On May 21 Maj. Gen. William "Bull" Nelson ordered Colonel Thomas D. Sedgwick to conduct a reconnaissance-in-force against the Confederate trenches along Bridge Creek near Widow Surratt's farm[19] Sedgwick moved forward from the Union trenches occupied by Brig. Gen. Thomas J. Wood's division and deployed the 20th Kentucky infantry at the edge of a clearing and the 1st Kentucky infantry to the left facing a densely wooded area. Shortly after deployment the Kentuckians came under fire. The Confederate resistance was so severe Sedgwick was forced to fall back. Sedgwick brought forward artillery and the 2nd Kentucky infantry while General Wood lent cavalry support from his division. The Confederates attempted a flank attack against the 1st Kentucky but the Union artillery (personally supervised by Captain Alvan C. Gillem of Buell's staff) and the 31st Indiana infantry in reserve stabilized the line.[20] The Confederates made three more attempts to turn the Union flank until retiring to a creek beyond the Surratt farm. General Nelson ordered Sedgwick to hold his position until nightfall, then return to the Union camp.[20] A week later General Buell would mount an attack to gain the high ground surrounding the Surratt farm.
Double Log House[edit]
On May 27 Halleck ordered Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman to drive the Confederates from a log house along the Corinth Road and make a strong demonstration against Corinth itself if possible. At the edge of a cotton field along Sherman's front was a double log house which the Confederates had converted into a block house by removing the chinking between the logs. Sherman formed an attacking column with Morgan L. Smith's brigade on the left and James W. Denver's brigade on the right. John A. Logan's brigade (from John A. McClernand's reserve corps) and James C. Veatch's brigade (from Stephen A. Hurlbut's division) were also brought up for support. Colonel Ezra Taylor fired several artillery rounds to signal the infantry attack. Denver and Smith quickly overtook the log house by storm and secured the hilltop position. The Confederates rallied and drove in Sherman's skirmishers but the counterattack was repulsed by the main line of infantry with artillery support. The following day the rest of Sherman's division and artillery moved forward to the new position which offered a good vantage point into Corinth itself. Generals Ulysses S. Grant and George H. Thomas were both present on the field during this engagement, giving approval for the behavior of operation.[6]
Surratt's Hill[edit]
Confederate infantry had been using a hill in the vicinity of the Widow Surratt farm for picket outposts. With all his wings in line Halleck ordered Buell to clear the Confederates off the Surratt farm hill. Buell chose Maj. Gen. Alexander M. McCook's reserve division to seize the hill to be used as a staging point for a further attack against Corinth.[21] On May 27 McCook organized his brigades into line of attack intending to overwhelm the Confederates by surprise and overwhelming force.[22] The brigades of Brig. Gen. Lovell H. Rousseau and Brig. Gen. Richard W. Johnson would lead the advance, side by side. Colonel Frederick S. Stumbaugh's brigade followed in support of Johnson and Colonel Robert L. McCook's brigade (from Thomas W. Sherman's division) in support of Rousseau. Johnson's brigade encountered some heavy skirmishing but the hill was taken in short time. McCook's division entrenched and brought heavy artillery to the new position and immediately began to shell the Confederates. Beauregard's artillery responded with minimal effort. The engagement at the Surratt farm hill allowed Halleck to bring forward siege guns for the bombardment of Corinth.[21]
Bridge Creek[edit]
On May 28 Maj. Gen. Nelson ordered Colonel Sedgwick to seize a Confederate-held crossing of Bridge Creek, a small tributary of the Tuscumbia River. Sedgwick moved his brigade out from the main Union trenches with the 2nd and 20th Kentucky infantry regiments in the lead. Sedgwick drove in the Confederate pickets then encountered a larger force guarding the bridge.[23] The Kentucky infantry managed to gain hold of the eastern end of the bridge while Sedgwick ordered forward the 31st Indiana infantry and Captain John Mendenhall's artillery battery. These reinforcements and artillery forced the Confederates to abandon the bridge completely.[23]
Retreat[edit]
With the Federal army preparing to lay siege to the town, a Confederate council of war decided to retreat. Confederate commander General P. G. T. Beauregard saved his army by a hoax. Some of the men were given three days' rations and ordered to prepare for an attack. As expected, one or two went over to the Union with that news. The preliminary bombardment began, and Union forces maneuvered for position. During the night of May 29, the Confederate army moved out. They used the Mobile and Ohio Railroad to carry the sick and wounded, the heavy artillery, and tons of supplies. When a train arrived, the troops cheered as though reinforcements were arriving. They set up dummy Quaker Guns along the defensive earthworks. Camp fires were kept burning, and buglers and drummers played. The rest of the men slipped away undetected, withdrawing to Tupelo, Mississippi. When Union patrols entered Corinth on the morning of May 30, they found the Confederate troops gone. The Union forces took control and made it the base for their operations to seize control of the Mississippi River Valley, and especially the Confederate stronghold of Vicksburg, Mississippi.[24]
Aftermath[edit]
John Pope, whose aggressiveness exceeded his strategic capabilities, remarked in his memoirs that Halleck's cautious campaign failed to take full advantage of a glittering array of talented Union officers, including "Grant, Sherman, Sheridan, Thomas, McPherson, Logan, Buell, Rosecrans and many others I might mention."[25] A Confederate army led by Maj. Gen. Earl Van Dorn attempted to retake the city in October 1862, but was defeated in the Second Battle of Corinth by a Union army under the command of Rosecrans. At times during the second battle, Confederate forces seemed to have the upper hand but would fail to follow up their successes leading to a devastating defeat for Confederate forces in that region. Rosecrans had the opportunity to crush rebel forces during the battle but failed to follow up his victory, allowing Maj. Gen. Earl Van Dorn to escape from destruction. Corinth would ultimately lead to the operations that would open the Mississippi River valley which was considered by General Chief Henry W. Halleck as, "the opening of the Mississippi River will be to us of more advantage than the capture of forty Richmonds".[26] Confederate Brigadier General Joseph L. Hogg, father of the famous future Texas governor Jim Hogg, contracted dysentery during the siege and died on May 16, 1862.
See also[edit]
American Civil War portal
Troop engagements of the American Civil War, 1862
List of costliest American Civil War land battles
Siege and Battle of Corinth Sites
Corinth National Cemetery
Second Battle of Corinth
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Kennedy, p. 52.
^ Jump up to: a b Kennedy, p. 56.
^ Jump up to: a b Cozzens, Peter (1997). The Darkest Days of the War The Battles of Iuka&Corinth. North Carolina: The University of North Carolina Press. pp. 18–19. ISBN 978-0-8078-5783-0.
Jump up ^ Ulysses, Grant (1885–86). Personal Memoirs of U.S. Grant. New York.
Jump up ^ Hamilton, Charles Smith (1882). "Correspondence in regard to the battle of Corinth, Miss., October 3d and 4th, 1862".
^ Jump up to: a b c Memoirs of William T. Sherman
Jump up ^ "The First Battle of Corinth: May 30, 1862
Jump up ^ "Determining the facts: The Siege of Corinth", National Park Service
Jump up ^ History.net:Siege of Corinth by Henry Halleck in 1862
Jump up ^ The Union Army: Cyclopedia of battles. Federal Publishing Company. 1908. p. 392. Retrieved 11 August 2012.
Jump up ^ Farmington, May 3
Jump up ^ Farmington MS
Jump up ^ Laurier B. McDonald. 14 Letters to a Friend, the Story of the Wartime Ordeal of Capt. De Witt Clinton Fort, C.S.A. Laurier B. McDonald. p. 37. ISBN 978-1-60530-979-8. Retrieved 11 August 2012.
Jump up ^ Return of casualties in Ruggles' division in the engagement at Farmington, Miss., May 9, 1862 found in Official Records, Vol. 10, Part I, pg. 811 and featured on the website of Cornell University, found at http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=moawar;cc=moawar;idno=waro0010;node=waro0010%3A3;view=image;seq=829;size=100;page=root
Jump up ^ Return of casualties in the United States troops in the engagement at Farmington, Miss., May 9, 1862 found in Official Records, Vol. 10, Part I, pg. 805 and featured on the website of Cornell University, found at http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=moawar;cc=moawar;idno=waro0010;node=waro0010%3A3;view=image;seq=823;size=100;page=root
^ Jump up to: a b Smith p. 164
Jump up ^ Smith p. 165
Jump up ^ Sherman's report
Jump up ^ Clark p.113
^ Jump up to: a b Sedgwick's official report
^ Jump up to: a b Fanebust page 106
Jump up ^ Fanebust page 107
^ Jump up to: a b Bridge Creek 28 May 1862
Jump up ^ Smith, 2012
Jump up ^ Cozzens & Girardi, p. 75.
Jump up ^ Levine, Bruce (2013). The Fall of the House of Dixie. New York: Random House. p. 144. ISBN 978-1-4000-6703-9.
References[edit]
Clark, Donald A., The Notorious "Bull" Nelson: Murdered Civil War General, Southern Illinois University Press 2011, ISBN 978-0809330119
Fanebust, Wayne, Major General Alexander M. McCook, USA: A Civil War Biography, McFarland 2012, ISBN 978-0786472413
Kennedy, Frances H., ed. The Civil War Battlefield Guide. 2nd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1998. ISBN 0-395-74012-6.
Smih, Timothy B. Corinth 1862: Siege, Battle, Occupation (2012)
Memoirs and primary sources[edit]
Pope, John. The Military Memoirs of General John Pope. Edited by Peter Cozzens and Robert I. Girardi. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998. ISBN 0-8078-2444-5.
U.S. War Department, The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901.
External links[edit]
"National Park Service battle description". CWSAC Battle Summaries. Retrieved June 1, 2005.
"Reading 1: The Siege of Corinth". Teaching with Historic Places. Retrieved June 1, 2005.
CWSAC Report Update
U.S. Army & Heritage Education Center: Description and map
[show]
v
t
e
Western Theater of the American Civil War
1861
Campaigns
Arkansas 1861–65
Missouri: 1861
Major battles
Wilson's Creek
1862
Campaigns
New Mexico
New Madrid-Island No. 10
Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers
New Orleans Expedition
Pea Ridge
Iuka-Corinth
Kentucky
Prairie Grove
Stones River
Major battles
Fort Donelson
Island No. 10
Pea Ridge
Shiloh
New Orleans
Siege of Corinth
Perryville
Prairie Grove
Chickasaw Bayou
Stones River
1863
Campaigns
Vicksburg
Tullahoma
Little Rock
Morgan's Raid
Chickamauga
Knoxville
Chattanooga
Major battles
Champion Hill
Siege of Vicksburg
Siege of Port Hudson
Chickamauga
Lookout Mountain
Missionary Ridge
1864
Campaigns
Meridian Expedition
Red River
Camden Expedition
Forrest's Expedition
Atlanta
Tupelo
Franklin–Nashville
Price's Raid
Savannah (Sherman's March to the Sea)
Major battles
Kennesaw Mountain
Atlanta
Mobile Bay
Westport
Franklin
Nashville
1865
Campaigns
—
Major battles
—
Armies
Cumberland
Georgia
Mississippi
Ohio
Tennessee
Mississippi
Tennessee
Geography
Departments
—
Landforms
—
[hide]
v
t
e
American Civil War
[show]
Origins
Origins
Issues
Timeline leading to the War
Antebellum era
Bleeding Kansas
Border states
Compromise of 1850
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Lincoln-Douglas debates
Missouri Compromise
Popular sovereignty
Secession
States' rights
President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
Slavery
African Americans
Cornerstone Speech
Emancipation Proclamation
Fugitive slave laws
Plantations in the American South
Slave Power
Slavery in the United States
Treatment of slaves in the United States
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Abolitionism
Susan B. Anthony
John Brown
Frederick Douglass
William Lloyd Garrison
Elijah Parish Lovejoy
J. Sella Martin
Lysander Spooner
George Luther Stearns
Thaddeus Stevens
Charles Sumner
Harriet Tubman
Underground Railroad
[show]
Combatants
Theaters
Campaigns
Battles
States
Combatants
Union (USA)
Army
Navy
Marine Corps
Revenue Cutter Service
Confederacy (CSA)
Army
Navy
Marine Corps
Theaters
Eastern
Western
Lower Seaboard
Trans-Mississippi
Pacific Coast
Union naval blockade
Major Campaigns
Anaconda Plan
Blockade runners
New Mexico
Jackson's Valley
Peninsula
Northern Virginia
Maryland
Stones River
Vicksburg
Tullahoma
Gettysburg
Morgan's Raid
Bristoe
Knoxville
Red River
Overland
Atlanta
Valley 1864
Bermuda Hundred
Richmond-Petersburg
Franklin–Nashville
Price's Raid
Sherman's March
Carolinas
Appomattox
Major battles
Fort Sumter
1st Bull Run
Wilson's Creek
Fort Donelson
Pea Ridge
Hampton Roads
Shiloh
New Orleans
Corinth
Seven Pines
Seven Days
2nd Bull Run
Antietam
Perryville
Fredericksburg
Stones River
Chancellorsville
Gettysburg
Vicksburg
Chickamauga
Chattanooga
Wilderness
Fort Pillow
Spotsylvania
Cold Harbor
Atlanta
Mobile Bay
Franklin
Nashville
Five Forks
Involvement (by
state or territory)
AL
AK
AR
AZ
CA
CO
CT
DC
DE
FL
GA
HI
ID
IL
IN
IA
KS
KY
LA
ME
MD
MA
MI
MN
MS
MO
MT
NE
NV
NH
NJ
NM
NY
NC
ND
OH
OK
OR
PA
RI
SC
SD
TN
TX
UT
VT
VA
WA
WV
WI
WY
[show]
Leaders
Confederate
Military
R. H. Anderson
Beauregard
Bragg
Buchanan
Cooper
Early
Ewell
Forrest
Gorgas
Hill
Hood
Jackson
A. S. Johnston
J. E. Johnston
Lee
Longstreet
Morgan
Mosby
Polk
Price
Semmes
E. K. Smith
Stuart
Taylor
Wheeler
Civilian
Benjamin
Bocock
Breckinridge
Davis
Hunter
Mallory
Memminger
Seddon
Stephens
Union
Military
Anderson
Buell
Burnside
Butler
Du Pont
Farragut
Foote
Frémont
Grant
Halleck
Hooker
Hunt
McClellan
McDowell
Meade
Meigs
Ord
Pope
D. D. Porter
Rosecrans
Scott
Sheridan
Sherman
Thomas
Civilian
Adams
Chase
Ericsson
Hamlin
Lincoln
Pinkerton
Seward
Stanton
Stevens
Wade
Welles
[show]
Aftermath
U.S. Constitution
Reconstruction amendments
13th Amendment
14th Amendment
15th Amendment
Reconstruction
Alabama Claims
Brooks–Baxter War
Carpetbaggers
Colfax Riot of 1873
Eufaula Riot of 1874
Freedmen's Bureau
Freedman's Savings Bank
Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
Kirk-Holden War
Knights of the White Camelia
Ku Klux Klan
Memphis Riot of 1866
Meridian Riot of 1871
New Orleans Riot of 1866
Pulaski (Tennessee) Riot of 1867
Reconstruction acts
Habeas Corpus Act 1867
Enforcement Act of 1870
Enforcement Act of February 1871
Enforcement Act of April 1871
Reconstruction treaties
Indian Council at Fort Smith
Red Shirts
Redeemers
Confederate refugees
Confederados
Scalawags
South Carolina riots of 1876
Southern Claims Commission
Homestead acts
Southern Homestead Act of 1866
Timber Culture Act of 1873
White League
post-Reconstruction
Commemoration
Centennial
Civil War Discovery Trail
Civil War Roundtables
Civil War Trails Program
Civil War Trust
Confederate History Month
Confederate monuments and memorials
Historical reenactment
Robert E. Lee Day
Disenfranchisement
Black Codes
Jim Crow
Lost Cause mythology
Modern display of the Confederate flag
Sons of Confederate Veterans
Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War
Southern Historical Society
United Daughters of the Confederacy
Monuments and memorials
Union
List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials
List of memorials to the Grand Army of the Republic
Memorials to Abraham Lincoln
Confederate
List of Confederate monuments and memorials
Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials
List of memorials to Robert E. Lee
List of memorials to Jefferson Davis
Annapolis
Roger B. Taney Monument
Baltimore
Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument
Confederate Women's Monument
Roger B. Taney Monument
Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson Monument
Durham, North Carolina
Robert E. Lee Monument
New Orleans
Battle of Liberty Place Monument
Jefferson Davis Monument
General Beauregard Equestrian Statue
Robert E. Lee Monument
Cemeteries
Confederate Memorial Day
Ladies' memorial associations
U.S. Memorial Day
U.S. national cemeteries
Veterans
1913 Gettysburg Reunion
Confederate Veteran
Grand Army of the Republic
Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S.
Old soldiers' homes
Southern Cross of Honor
United Confederate Veterans
[show]
Related topics
Related topics
Military
Arms
Campaign Medal
Cavalry
Confederate Home Guard
Confederate railroads
Confederate Revolving Cannon
Field artillery
Medal of Honor recipients
Medicine
Leadership
Naval battles
Official Records
Partisan rangers
POW camps
Rations
Signal Corps
Turning point
Union corps badges
U.S. Balloon Corps
U.S. Home Guard
U.S. Military Railroad
Political
Committee on the Conduct of the War
Confederate States Presidential Election of 1861
Confiscation Act of 1861
Confiscation Act of 1862
Copperheads
Emancipation Proclamation
Habeas Corpus Act of 1863
Hampton Roads Conference
National Union Party
Radical Republicans
Trent Affair
Union leagues
U.S. Presidential Election of 1864
War Democrats
Music
Battle Hymn of the Republic
Dixie
John Brown's Body
A Lincoln Portrait
Marching through Georgia
Maryland, My Maryland
When Johnny Comes Marching Home
Other topics
Bibliography
Confederate war finance
Confederate States dollar
Espionage
Confederate Secret Service
Great Revival of 1863
Naming the war
Native Americans
Cherokee
Choctaw
New York City Gold Hoax of 1864
New York City Riot of 1863
Photographers
Richmond Riot of 1863
Sexuality
Supreme Court cases
Tokens
U.S. Sanitary Commission
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Corinth&oldid=825217117"
Categories:
1862 in Mississippi
April 1862 events
May 1862 events
Battles of the Federal Penetration up the Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers of the American Civil War
Battles of the Western Theater of the American Civil War
1862 in the American Civil War
History of Alcorn County, Mississippi
Military operations of the American Civil War in Mississippi
Sieges of the American Civil War
Union victories of the American Civil War
Battles commanded by Ulysses S. Grant
Hidden categories:
Use mdy dates from November 2013
Coordinates on Wikidata
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Dansk
Deutsch
Français
Italiano
עברית
Magyar
Nederlands
日本語
Polski
Русский
Türkçe
Tiếng Việt
5 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 12 February 2018, at 03:31.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

value: mw-page-base noprint

value: mw-head-base noprint

value: firstHeading firstHeading en

value: siteSub noprint

value: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attr: href class title

attr: role class

value:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

attr: class colspan style

value: Railroad crossover in Corinth, Mississippi, United States.jpg

tag: br

value: Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location

value:
/wiki/George_H._Thomas
mw-redirect
George H. Thomas

value: Template:Campaignbox Federal Penetration up the Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers

value: Template talk:Campaignbox Federal Penetration up the Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers

value: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

value:
/wiki/P.G.T._Beauregard
mw-redirect
P.G.T. Beauregard

value:
/wiki/Mississippi_River_Valley
mw-redirect
Mississippi River Valley

value: Western Theater of the American Civil War

value: Siege of Corinth Confederate order of battle

value:
/wiki/Pierre_G._T._Beauregard
mw-redirect
Pierre G. T. Beauregard

value: 8th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment

value:
/wiki/James_R._Chalmers
mw-redirect
James R. Chalmers

value:
/wiki/Morgan_L._Smith
mw-redirect
Morgan L. Smith

value:
/wiki/Alvan_C._Gillem
mw-redirect
Alvan C. Gillem

value:
/wiki/Block_house
mw-redirect
Block house

value:
/wiki/John_A._McClernand
mw-redirect
John A. McClernand

value:
/wiki/Alexander_M._McCook
mw-redirect
Alexander M. McCook

value:
/wiki/Lovell_H._Rousseau
mw-redirect
Lovell H. Rousseau

value:
/wiki/Robert_L._McCook
mw-redirect
Robert L. McCook

value:
/wiki/William_T._Sherman
mw-redirect
William T. Sherman

value:
/wiki/Philip_H._Sheridan
mw-redirect
Philip H. Sheridan

value:
/wiki/William_S._Rosecrans
mw-redirect
William S. Rosecrans

value: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

value: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

value: Troop engagements of the American Civil War, 1862

value: List of costliest American Civil War land battles

value:
nofollow
external text
http://farmingtonms.com/history.htm

value: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

value: Edit section: Memoirs and primary sources

value: Official Records of the American Civil War

value: Template:American Civil War campaigns in the Western Theater

value: Template talk:American Civil War campaigns in the Western Theater

value:
/wiki/Battle_of_Island_Number_10
mw-redirect
Battle of Island Number 10

value: Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War

value: History of the United States (1789–1849)

value:
/wiki/Lincoln-Douglas_debates
mw-redirect
Lincoln-Douglas debates

value: Popular sovereignty in the United States

value: Military history of African Americans in the American Civil War

value: Treatment of slaves in the United States

value: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup

value: Eastern Theater of the American Civil War

value: Lower Seaboard Theater of the American Civil War

value: Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War

value: Pacific Coast Theater of the American Civil War

value: Blockade runners of the American Civil War

value: Territory of Arizona (Confederate States)

value: Washington, D.C., in the American Civil War

value: New Mexico Territory in the American Civil War

value: North Carolina in the American Civil War

value: Indian Territory in the American Civil War

value: South Carolina in the American Civil War

value:
/wiki/Benjamin_Butler_(politician)
mw-redirect
Benjamin Butler (politician)

value: Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

value: Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

value: Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

value:
/wiki/Reconstruction_Era
mw-redirect
Reconstruction Era

value:
/wiki/Kirk-Holden_war
mw-redirect
Kirk-Holden war

value:
/wiki/New_Orleans_riot
mw-redirect
New Orleans riot

value:
/wiki/First_Enforcement_Act_of_1871
mw-redirect
First Enforcement Act of 1871

value:
/wiki/Second_Enforcement_Act_of_1871
mw-redirect
Second Enforcement Act of 1871

value: South Carolina civil disturbances of 1876

value: List of Confederate monuments and memorials

value: Disenfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era

value: List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials

value: Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials

value: Roger B. Taney Monument (Annapolis, Maryland)

value: Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument

value: Stonewall Jackson and Robert E. Lee Monument

value: Robert E. Lee Monument (Durham, North Carolina)

value: Robert E. Lee Monument (New Orleans, Louisiana)

value: Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States

value:
Related_topics
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em
hlist hlist-separated

value: List of weapons in the American Civil War

value: Confederate railroads in the American Civil War

value: Field artillery in the American Civil War

value: List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients

value: Military leadership in the American Civil War

value: United States Congress Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War

value: Confederate States presidential election, 1861

value:
/wiki/Habeas_Corpus_Suspension_Act_1863
mw-redirect
Habeas Corpus Suspension Act 1863

value: United States presidential election, 1864

value:
/wiki/War_Democrats
mw-redirect
War Democrats

value:
/wiki/A_Lincoln_Portrait
mw-redirect
A Lincoln Portrait

value:
/wiki/Marching_through_Georgia
mw-redirect
Marching through Georgia

value: Native Americans in the American Civil War

value: Supreme Court cases of the American Civil War

value: nowraplinks hlist collapsible expanded navbox-inner

value: Category:Battles of the Federal Penetration up the Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers of the American Civil War

value: Category:Battles of the Western Theater of the American Civil War

value: Category:History of Alcorn County, Mississippi

value: Category:Military operations of the American Civil War in Mississippi

value: Category:Sieges of the American Civil War

value: Category:Union victories of the American Civil War

value: Category:Battles commanded by Ulysses S. Grant

value: Category:Use mdy dates from November 2013

value: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

value: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

value: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

value: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

value:
/wiki/Siege_of_Corinth
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

value: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

value: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

value:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

value: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

value: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

value:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

value:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

value:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

value:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

value: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

value: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

value: Permanent link to this revision of the page

value: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

value: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

value: המצור על קורינת' – Hebrew

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

value: コリンスの包囲戦 – Japanese

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

value: Осада Коринфа – Russian

value: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

value: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Siege_of_Corinth rootpage-Siege_of_Corinth skin-vector action-view