text:
Folk-Country
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Folk-Country
Studio album by Waylon Jennings
Released
March 14, 1966
Recorded
March – July 1965
Genre
Country
Length
29:06
Label
RCA Victor
Producer
Chet Atkins
Waylon Jennings chronology
Waylon at JD's
(1964)Waylon at JD's1964 Folk-Country
(1966) Leavin' Town
(1966)Leavin' Town1966
Folk-Country is the major-label debut album by Waylon Jennings, released in 1966 on RCA Victor. It is his first collaboration with producer Chet Atkins.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Reception
3 Track listing
4 Personnel
5 References
6 External links
Background[edit]
According to the book Outlaw: Waylon, Willie, Kris, and the Renegades of Nashville, Chet Atkins first heard of Jennings through comedian Don Bowman, who had worked with Waylon on the radio in Lubbock, and country singer Bobby Bare. In March 1965, the singer made his first recordings for RCA in what would be a moderately successful but increasingly frustrated artistic partnership. In the authorized Jennings documentary Renegade Outlaw Legend, Jennings recalled that at the time he was in awe of the legendary Atkins: "That's God's right hand as far as country music. When you walked in there, the most important thing in your life is to impress him."
The album bears little resemblance to the sound Jennings would pioneer in the 1970s as part of the "outlaw" movement, with Atkins tempering Waylon's assertive vocal style and surrounding him with the hallmarks of the "Nashville sound" that had been enormously successful for previous RCA artists like Patsy Cline and Jim Reeves. Author Michael Striessguth observes in his book Outlaws:
"Chet threw plenty of Waylon's records against the wall and more than a few stuck...Waylon in the mid-1960s was controlled, even gentle, which helped put over the polite sound that defined much of his repertoire, but not his true style...So Waylon's early hits found him reaching for distant places in his range on songs such as Harlan Howard's 'Another Bridge to Burn,' Don Bowman's 'Now Everybody Knows,' and Waylon's own arrangement of 'Man of Constant Sorrow,' all of them drenched in background vocals as if they were Jim Reeves records."
The album contains four songs written or co-written by Jennings as well as four songs composed by country tunesmith Harlan Howard. In an uncharacteristic move, Atkins allowed Jennings to use members of his band the Waylors on the recording, something that would rarely be permitted again, much to Waylon's annoyance. Atkins marketed Jennings to the folk-pop audience, calling the album Folk-Country, as folk music was experiencing a renaissance on college campuses throughout the country, but the majority of the songs were mostly country-pop. As Jennings recalled later, "Folk-Country was Nashville's scheme to snare some of the hootenanny folk audience, which was then starting to cross over to rock...I didn't mind the label; to me, folk music was the original country music, sung by folks, plain and simple."[1][full citation needed] The album did contain one Jennings classic: the catchy, up-tempo "Stop the World (And Let Me Off)," which was released as a single (peaking at #16) and would remain a part of Jennings' live show for years.
Reception[edit]
Folk-Country peaked at #9 on the Billboard country album chart. AllMusic: Folk-Country is Waylon's true debut album for the RCA label, and while it is very much embryonic in terms of its revelation of the mature Jennings sound, its roots are clearly audible and the material, while safe, is more than satisfying...The single 'Stop the World (And Let Me Off)' is indicative of the kind of countrypolitan fare Atkins was developing at the label. And while this is only 1966, the listener can hear Jennings stretching the song to its limits - at least the limits imposed by a mainstream country single."
Professional ratings
Review scores
Source
Rating
Allmusic
Track listing[edit]
"Another Bridge to Burn" (Harlan Howard) – 2:41
"Stop the World (And Let Me Off)" (Carl Belew, W. S. Stevenson) – 2:03
"Cindy of New Orleans" (Waylon Jennings) – 1:59
"Look Into My Teardrops" (Don Bowman, Howard) – 2:21
"Down Came the World" (Bozo Darnell, Jennings) – 2:17
"I Don't Mind" (Howard, Richard Johnson) – 2:55
"Just for You" (Jennings, Bowman, Jerry Williams) – 2:11
"Now Everybody Knows" (Bowman) – 2:39
"That's the Chance I'll Have to Take" (Jennings) – 2:05
"What Makes a Man Wander" (Howard) – 2:37
"Man of Constant Sorrow" (Traditional) – 2:44
"What's Left of Me" (Howard) – 2:33
Personnel[edit]
Kenny Buttrey - drums
Richie Albright - drums
Buddy Harman - drums
Gerald Gropp - guitar
Fred Carter - guitar
Jerry Reed - guitar
Pete Wade - guitar
Floyd Cramer - piano
Hargus Robbins - piano
Ray Stevens - piano
Bob Moore - bass
Henry Strzelecki - bass
Paul Foster - bass
Anita Kerr Singers - backing vocals
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Jennings, Waylon; Kaye, Lenny 1996, p. 104.
External links[edit]
Waylon Jennings' Official Website
[hide]
v
t
e
Waylon Jennings
Albums
Singles
Studio albums
Waylon at JD's
Folk-Country
Leavin' Town
Nashville Rebel
Waylon Sings Ol' Harlan
Love of the Common People
The One and Only
Hangin' On
Only the Greatest
Jewels
Just to Satisfy You
Waylon
Singer of Sad Songs
The Taker/Tulsa
Cedartown, Georgia
Good Hearted Woman
Ladies Love Outlaws
Lonesome, On'ry and Mean
Honky Tonk Heroes
This Time
The Ramblin' Man
Dreaming My Dreams
Are You Ready for the Country
Ol' Waylon
I've Always Been Crazy
What Goes Around Comes Around
Music Man
Black on Black
It's Only Rock + Roll
Waylon and Company
Never Could Toe the Mark
Turn the Page
Sweet Mother Texas
Will the Wolf Survive
Hangin' Tough
A Man Called Hoss
Full Circle
The Eagle
Too Dumb for New York City, Too Ugly for L.A.
Ol' Waylon Sings Ol' Hank
Cowboys, Sisters, Rascals & Dirt
Waymore's Blues (Part II)
Right for the Time
Closing In on the Fire
Waylon Forever
Goin' Down Rockin': The Last Recordings
Live albums
Waylon Live
Never Say Die: Live
Live from Austin, TX
Never Say Die: The Final Concert
Notable singles
1960s
"That's the Chance I'll Have to Take"
"Stop the World (And Let Me Off)"
"Anita, You're Dreaming"
"Time to Bum Again"
"(That's What You Get) For Lovin' Me"
"Green River"
"Mental Revenge"
"The Chokin' Kind"
"Walk On Out of My Mind"
"I Got You" with Anita Carter
"Only Daddy That'll Walk the Line"
"Yours Love"
"Something's Wrong in California"
"The Days of Sand and Shovels"
"Brown Eyed Handsome Man"
1970s
"Singer of Sad Songs"
"The Taker"
"(Don't Let the Sun Set on You) Tulsa"
"Mississippi Woman"
"Under Your Spell Again" with Jessi Colter
"Cedartown, Georgia"
"Good Hearted Woman"
"Sweet Dream Woman"
"Pretend I Never Happened"
"You Can Have Her"
"We Had It All"
"You Ask Me To"
"This Time"
"I'm a Ramblin' Man"
"Rainy Day Woman"
"Dreaming My Dreams with You"
"Are You Sure Hank Done It This Way"
"Bob Wills Is Still the King"
"Can't You See"
"Are You Ready for the Country"
"Luckenbach, Texas (Back to the Basics of Love)"
"I've Always Been Crazy"
"Don't You Think This Outlaw Bit's Done Got Out of Hand"
"Amanda"
"Come With Me"
"I Ain't Living Long Like This"
1980s – 1990s
"Clyde"
"Good Ol' Boys"
"Storms Never Last" with Jessi Colter
"Shine"
"Just to Satisfy You" with Willie Nelson
"Women Do Know How to Carry On"
"Lucille (You Won't Do Your Daddy's Will)"
"Breakin' Down"
"Hold On, I'm Comin'" with Jerry Reed
"The Conversation" with Hank Williams Jr.
"I May Be Used (But Baby I Ain't Used Up)"
"Never Could Toe the Mark"
"America"
"Waltz Me to Heaven"
"Drinkin' and Dreamin'"
"The Devil's on the Loose"
"Working Without a Net"
"Will the Wolf Survive"
"What You'll Do When I'm Gone"
"Rose in Paradise"
"Fallin' Out"
"My Rough and Rowdy Days"
"If Ole Hank Could Only See Us Now"
"How Much Is It Worth to Live in L.A."
"Which Way Do I Go (Now That I'm Gone)"
"Trouble Man"
"You Put the Soul in the Song"
"Wrong"
"Where Corn Don't Grow"
"What Bothers Me Most"
"The Eagle"
"Just Talkin'"
"Too Dumb for New York City"
"Wild Ones"
"I Know About Me Don't Know About You"
"Outlaw Shit"
Collaborations
Waylon & Willie
Albums: Waylon & Willie
WWII
Take It to the Limit
Clean Shirt
Super Hits
Singles: "The Wurlitzer Prize (I Don't Want to Get Over You)"
"Mammas Don't Let Your Babies Grow Up to Be Cowboys"
"(Sittin' On) The Dock of the Bay"
"Take It to the Limit"
"If I Can Find a Clean Shirt"
Other collaborations
Country-Folk with The Kimberlys
Leather and Lace with Jessi Colter
Heroes with Johnny Cash
Old 97's & Waylon Jennings with Old 97's
Collaboration singles
"MacArthur Park" with The Kimberlys
"Suspicious Minds" with Jessi Colter
"Good Hearted Woman" with Willie Nelson (Re-recording)
"Suspicious Minds" with Jessi Colter (Re-release from Wanted! The Outlaws)
"There Ain't No Good Chain Gang" with Johnny Cash
"Wish I Was Crazy Again" with Johnny Cash
"The Wild Side of Life/It Wasn't God Who Made Honky Tonk Angels" with Jessi Colter
"Leave Them Boys Alone" with Hank Williams Jr. and Ernest Tubb
"Even Cowgirls Get the Blues" with Johnny Cash
"Ballad of Forty Dollars" with Johnny Cash
"Somewhere Between Ragged and Right" with John Anderson
"High Ridin' Heroes" with David Lynn Jones
"One Good Love" with Neil Diamond
Compilations
The Best of Waylon Jennings
Don't Think Twice
Ruby, Don't Take Your Love to Town
Only Daddy That'll Walk the Line
Heartaches by the Number
Greatest Hits
Waylon's Greatest Hits, Vol. 2
The Best of Waylon
New Classic Waylon
Only Daddy That'll Walk the Line: The RCA Years
The Journey: Six Strings Away
The Journey: Destiny's Child
The Restless Kid: Live at JD's
20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Waylon Jennings
RCA Country Legends
Ultimate Waylon Jennings
16 Biggest Hits
Nashville Rebel
The Essential Waylon Jennings
Related
The Waylors
Outlaw country
Wanted! The Outlaws
"We Are the World"
The Highwaymen
Old Dogs
Jessi Colter
Waylon Albright "Shooter" Jennings
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Folk-Country&oldid=830093255"
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Waylon Jennings albums
1966 albums
RCA Victor albums
Albums produced by Chet Atkins
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Political campaign
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Electioneering" redirects here. For the Radiohead song, see OK Computer.
The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this article, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new article, as appropriate. (December 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Presidential campaign button for Abraham Lincoln, 1860. The reverse side of the button shows a portrait of his running mate Hannibal Hamlin.
Part of the Politics series
Political
campaigning
Finance
Grassroots fundraising
Management
Opposition research
Consultation
Message
Advertising
Canvassing
Election promise
Get out the vote
Lawn signs
Post-truth politics
Negative campaigning
Attack ad
Fearmongering
Push poll
Smear campaign
Voter suppression
Key people
Candidate
Campaign manager
Campaign staff
Politics portal
v
t
e
A political campaign is an organized effort which seeks to influence the decision making process within a specific group. In democracies, political campaigns often refer to electoral campaigns, by which representatives are chosen or referendums are decided. In modern politics, the most high-profile political campaigns are focused on general elections and candidates for head of state or head of government, often a president or prime minister.
Contents
[hide]
1 Campaign message
2 Campaign finance
3 Organization
3.1 Campaign manager
3.2 Political consultants
3.3 Activists
4 Techniques
4.1 Campaign communication
4.2 Campaign advertising
4.3 Media management
4.4 Mass meetings, rallies and protests
4.5 Modern technology and the internet
4.6 Husting
4.7 Other techniques
5 Campaign types
5.1 Informational campaign
5.2 Paper campaign
6 Modern election campaigns in the United States
6.1 Types of elections
6.2 Process of campaigning
6.3 Political consultants
6.4 Other issues and criticisms
6.4.1 Cost of campaign advertising
6.4.2 Independent expenditures
6.5 Future developments
7 Effects
7.1 Presidential campaigns
7.1.1 National conventions
7.1.2 Presidential and vice-presidential debates
7.1.3 Presidential primaries
7.2 Strategies
8 History
9 See also
10 References
11 Sources
11.1 World
11.2 United States
12 Further reading
Campaign message[edit]
The message of the campaign contains the ideas that the candidate wants to share with the voters. It is to get those who agree with their ideas to support them when running for a political position. The message often consists of several talking points about policy issues. The points summarize the main ideas of the campaign and are repeated frequently in order to create a lasting impression with the voters. In many elections, the opposition party will try to get the candidate "off message" by bringing up policy or personal questions that are not related to the talking points. Most campaigns prefer to keep the message broad in order to attract the most potential voters. A message that is too narrow can alienate voters or slow the candidate down with explaining details. For example, in the 2008 American presidential election John McCain originally used a message that focused on his patriotism and political experience: "Country First"; later the message was changed to shift attention to his role as "The Original Maverick" within the political establishment. Barack Obama ran on a consistent, simple message of "change" throughout his campaign. However, even if the message is crafted carefully, it does not assure the candidate a victory at the polls. For a winning candidate, the message is refined and then becomes his or her in office.
Campaign finance[edit]
Main article: Campaign finance
Fundraising techniques include having the candidate call or meet with large donors, sending direct mail pleas to small donors, and courting interest groups who could end up spending millions on the race if it is significant to their interests.
Organization[edit]
Main article: Political campaign staff
In a modern political campaign, the campaign organization (or "machine") will have a coherent structure of personnel in the same manner as any business of similar size.
Campaign manager[edit]
Main article: Campaign manager
Successful campaigns usually require a campaign manager to coordinate the campaign's operations. Apart from a candidate, they are often a campaign's most visible leader. Modern campaign managers may be concerned with executing strategy rather than setting it - particularly if the senior strategists are typically outside political consultants such as primarily pollsters and media consultants.
Political consultants[edit]
Main article: Political consulting
Political consultants advise campaigns on virtually all of their activities, from research to field strategy. Consultants conduct candidate research, voter research, and opposition research for their clients.
Activists[edit]
Activists are the "foot soldiers" loyal to the cause, the true believers who will carry the run by volunteer activists. Such volunteers and interns may take part in activities such as canvassing door-to-door and making phone calls on behalf of the campaign.
Techniques[edit]
Democrat John Edwards makes a campaign speech in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 2007.
A campaign team (which may be as small as one inspired individual, or a heavily resourced group of professionals) must consider how to communicate the message of the campaign, recruit volunteers, and raise money. Campaign advertising draws on techniques from commercial advertising and propaganda, a mixture also dubbed politainment. The avenues available to political campaigns when distributing their messages is limited by the law, available resources, and the imagination of the campaigns' participants. These techniques are often combined into a formal strategy known as the campaign plan. The plan takes account of a campaign's goal, message, target audience, and resources available. The campaign will typically seek to identify supporters at the same time as getting its message across.
Campaign communication[edit]
Main article: Research strategies of election campaign communication research
Election campaign communication refers to party-controlled communication, e.g. campaign advertising, and party-uncontrolled communication, e.g. media coverage of elections.
Campaign advertising[edit]
Main article: Campaign advertising
Campaign advertising is the use of paid media (newspapers, radio, television, etc.) to influence the decisions made for and by groups. These ads are designed by political consultants and the campaign's staff.
Media management[edit]
The public media (in US parlance "free media" or "earned media") may run the story that someone is trying to get elected or to do something about certain aspects regarding their specific country.
Mass meetings, rallies and protests[edit]
A political rally in Chinatown, Los Angeles, featuring Betty Ford campaigning for her husband, U.S. President Gerald Ford, during the 1976 presidential campaign.
Modern technology and the internet[edit]
Main article: Internet activism
The internet is now a core element of modern political campaigns. Communication technologies such as e-mail, web sites, and podcasts for various forms of activism to enable faster communications by citizen movements and deliver a message to a large audience. These Internet technologies are used for cause-related fundraising, lobbying, volunteering, community building, and organizing. Individual political candidates are also using the internet to promote their election campaign. In a study of Norwegian election campaigns, politicians reported they used social media for marketing and for dialogue with voters. Facebook was the primary platform for marketing and Twitter was used for more continuous dialogue.[1]
Signifying the importance of internet political campaigning, Barack Obama's presidential campaign relied heavily on social media, Search Engine Optimisation (SEO) and new media channels to engage voters, recruit campaign volunteers, and raise campaign funds. The campaign brought the spotlight on the importance of using internet in new-age political campaigning by utilizing various forms of social media and new media (including Facebook, YouTube and a custom generated social engine) to reach new target populations. The campaign's social website, my.BarackObama.com, utilized a low cost and efficient method of mobilizing voters and increasing participation among various voter populations.[2] This new media was incredibly successful at reaching the younger population while helping all populations organize and promote action.
Now Online Election campaign has got a new dimension, the campaign information can be shared as in Rich Info format through campaign landing pages, integrating Google’s rich snippets, structured data,[3] Social media open graphs, and husting support file formats for YouTube like .sbv (SubRip), .srt (subtitle resource track), .vtt (Video text trace), high proficiency and effective algorithmic integration will be the core factor in the frame-work. This technology integration helps campaign information to reach a wide audience in split seconds. This has successfully been tested and implemented in 2015 Aruvikkara Election Kerala.[4]
Husting[edit]
Main article: Husting
A husting, or the hustings, was originally a physical platform from which representatives presented their views or cast votes before a parliamentary or other election body. By metonymy, the term may now refer to any event, such as debates or speeches, during an election campaign where one or more of the representative candidates are present.
Search Engine Manipulation Effect (SEME)
Main article: Search Engine Manipulation Effect (SEME)
Search Engine Manipulation Effect (SEME), and ability to reach the millennial demographic over social media and search engines have become an important component to Online Husting-based campaign efforts, this feature can now be enriched with Google’s latest optimization tactics, such as Structured Data Markup[3] integration helps to publish campaign content in more prominent way. First time such SEME based election campaign tactics[5] is about to implement in Indian Assembly Election 2016 by Mr. Jayakumar K, Digital Marketing and campaign expert holding the position of CEO in CEARSLEG Technologies Pvt Ltd.[6]
It’s evident that SEME can influence unbiased voters heavily, a study by Mr. Ronald E. Robertson (Senior Research Psychologist at the American Institute of Behavioural Research and Technology and the former editor in chief of Psychology Today )
Other techniques[edit]
NDP leader Jack Layton and Bloc Québécois leader Gilles Duceppe greet babies - a traditional campaign activity - at the Fête nationale du Québec in Montreal
Writing directly to members of the public (either via a professional marketing firm or, particularly on a small scale, by volunteers)
By distributing leaflets or selling newspapers
Through websites, online communities, and solicited or unsolicited bulk email[7]
Through a new technique known as microtargeting that helps identify and target small demographic slices of voters
Through a whistlestop tour - a series of brief appearances in several small towns
Hampering the ability of political competitors to campaign, by such techniques as counter-rallies, picketing of rival parties’ meetings, or overwhelming rival candidates' offices with mischievous phone calls (most political parties in representative democracies publicly distance themselves from such disruptive and morale-affecting tactics, with the exception of those parties self-identifying as activist
Organizing political house parties
Using endorsements of other celebrated party members to boost support (see coattail effect)
Remaining close to or at home to make speeches to supporters who come to visit as part of a front porch campaign
Vote-by-mail, previously known as "absentee ballots" have grown significantly in importance as an election tool. Campaigns in most states must have a strategy in place to impact early voting
Sale of official campaign merchandise (colloquially known as chum, in reference to the baiting technique) as a way of commuting a competitor's popularity into campaign donations, volunteer recruitment, and free advertising[8]
Campaign types[edit]
Informational campaign[edit]
An informational campaign is a political campaign designed to raise public awareness and support for the positions of a candidate (or his party).[9] It is more intense than a paper campaign, which consists of little more than filing the necessary papers to get on the ballot, but is less intense than a competitive campaign, which aims to actually win election to the office. An informational campaign typically focuses on low-cost outreach such as news releases, getting interviewed in the paper, making a brochure for door to door distribution, organizing poll workers, etc.[10]
Paper campaign[edit]
A paper campaign is a political campaign in which the candidate only files the necessary paperwork to appear on the ballot.[11][12] The purpose of such a token effort may be simply to increase name awareness of a minor political party or to give voters of a certain ideology an opportunity to vote accordingly. It can be a cost-effective means of attracting media coverage. An informational campaign, by contrast, may involve news releases, newspaper interviews, door-to-door campaigning, and organizing polls. As the level of seriousness rises, the marginal cost of reaching more people rises accordingly, due to the high cost of TV commercials, paid staff, etc. which are used by competitive campaigns.[13]
Modern election campaigns in the United States[edit]
Main article: Elections in the United States
Types of elections[edit]
Walter Faulkner, candidate for U.S. Congress in 1938, campaigns in person with a farmer in Crossville, Tennessee (photo by Dorothea Lange)
The United States is unusual in that dozens of different offices are filled by election, from drain commissioner to the President of the United States. Elections happen every year on many different dates in many different areas of the country.
All federal elections (that is, elections for president and vice president as well as elections to the House of Representatives and Senate) are partisan. Elections to most (but not all) statewide offices are partisan as well, and all state legislatures except for Nebraska are partisan.
Some state and local offices are non-partisan - these often include judicial elections, special district elections (the most common of which are elections to the school board, and elections to municipal (town council, city commission, mayor) and county (county commission, district attorney, sheriff) office. In some cases, candidates of the same political party challenging each other and in many cases without any campaign references to political parties, while in other cases, even non-partisan races may take on partisan overtones.
Process of campaigning[edit]
U.S. President Richard Nixon campaigns in 1972 by "working the crowd" and shaking hands with supporters.
Major campaigns in the United States are often much longer than those in other democracies.[citation needed]
Campaigns start anywhere from several months to several years before election day. The first part of any campaign for a candidate is deciding to run. Prospective candidates will often speak with family, friends, professional associates, elected officials, community leaders, and the leaders of political parties before deciding to run. Candidates are often recruited by political parties and lobby groups interested in electing like-minded politicians. During this period, people considering running for office will consider their ability to put together the money, organization, and public image needed to get elected. Many campaigns for major office do not progress past this point as people often do not feel confident in their ability to win. However, some candidates lacking the resources needed for a competitive campaign proceed with an inexpensive paper campaign or informational campaign designed to raise public awareness and support for their positions.
Once a person decides to run, they will make a public announcement. This announcement could consist of anything from a simple press release to concerned media outlets to a major media event followed by a speaking tour. It is often well-known to many people that a candidate will run prior to an announcement being made. Campaigns will often be announced and then only officially "kicked off" months after active campaigning has begun. Being coy about whether a candidacy is planned is often a deliberate process by a prospective candidate, either to "test the waters" or to keep the media's attention.
One of the most important aspects of the major American political campaign is the ability to raise large sums of money, especially early on in the race. Political insiders and donors often judge candidates based on their ability to raise money. Not raising enough money early on can lead to problems later as donors are not willing to give funds to candidates they perceive to be losing, a perception based on their poor fundraising performance.
Also during this period, candidates travel around the area they are running in and meet with voters; speaking to them in large crowds, small groups, or even one-on-one. This allows voters to get a better picture of who a candidate is than that which they read about in the paper or see on television. Campaigns sometimes launch expensive media campaigns during this time to introduce the candidate to voters, although most wait until closer to election day.
Campaigns often dispatch volunteers into local communities to meet with voters and persuade people to support the candidate. The volunteers are also responsible for identifying supporters, recruiting them as volunteers or registering them to vote if they are not already registered. The identification of supporters will be useful later as campaigns remind voters to cast their votes.
Late in the campaign, campaigns will launch expensive television, radio, and direct mail campaigns aimed at persuading voters to support the candidate. Campaigns will also intensify their grassroots campaigns, coordinating their volunteers in a full court effort to win votes.
Voting in the United States often starts weeks before election day as mail-in ballots are a commonly used voting method. Campaigns will often run two persuasion programs, one aimed at mail-in voters and one aimed at the more traditional poll voters.
Campaigns for minor office may be relatively simple and inexpensive - talking to local newspapers, giving out campaign signs, and greeting people in the local square.
Political consultants[edit]
Main article: Political consulting
Political campaigns in the United States are not merely a civic ritual and occasion for political debate, but a multibillion-dollar industry, dominated by professional political consultants using sophisticated campaign management tools, to an extent far greater than elsewhere in the world. Though the quadrennial presidential election attracts the most attention, the United States has a huge number of elected offices and there is wide variation between different states, counties, and municipalities on which offices are elected and under what procedures. Moreover, unlike democratic politics in much of the rest of the world, the US has relatively weak parties. While parties play a significant role in fundraising and occasionally in drafting people to run, campaigns are ultimately controlled by the individual candidates themselves.
Other issues and criticisms[edit]
Cost of campaign advertising[edit]
American political campaigns have become heavily reliant on broadcast media and direct mail advertising (typically designed and purchased through specialized consultants). Though virtually all campaign media are sometimes used at all levels (even candidates for local office have been known to purchase cable TV ads), smaller, lower-budget campaigns are typically more focused on direct mail, low-cost advertising (such as lawn signs), and direct voter contact. This reliance on expensive advertising is a leading factor behind the rise in the cost of running for office in the United States. This rising cost is considered by some to discourage those without well-monied connections, or money themselves, from running for office.
Independent expenditures[edit]
Money is raised and spent not only by candidate's campaign, but also by party committees, political action committees, and other groups (in the 2004 election cycle, much controversy has focused on a new category of organization, 527 groups). This is sometimes done through independent expenditures made in support or opposition of specific candidates but without any candidate's cooperation or approval. The lack of an overt connection between a candidate and third party groups allows one side of a campaign to attack the other side while avoiding criticism for going negative. A memorable example are the Swift Boat Veterans who criticized John Kerry in the 2004 Presidential campaign.[14]
Future developments[edit]
Many political players and commentators agree that American political campaigns are currently undergoing a period of change, due to increased use of the internet (which has become a valuable fundraising tool) which leads to the development of digital marketing in which customers can target by demographic behaviours like age, location, Occupation etc. and digital marketing is cost effective also there are several companies which only for election campaigns are there SCL Elections is one company which helped American President Trump to win the election, RJ Phoenix is one company in India which helped several politicians in Lok sabha and Rajya sabha To win the election contest and the apparently declining effectiveness of television advertising giving more hope for Digital Marketing Election Campaigns.123
However, as modern technology continues to adapt to changes in society, Internet campaigning will never be able to serve as a complete replacement for traditional political campaigning without reducing the significant barriers to entry.[15] Internet political campaigning leaves out entire portions of each population because it only is accessible to a certain portion of the population, leaving those without this access disconnected.
For example, during Obama’s recent presidential campaign, Internet political campaigning was supposedly effective at reaching the younger population, as they remain engaged with social websites and new media.[16] Because of the limits of technology, Obama’s Internet campaign failed to reach older generations who didn’t use this new media, as well as significant amounts of the population who didn’t have access.
Effects[edit]
A forthcoming study in the American Political Science Review found that campaigns have "an average effect of zero in general elections".[17][18] The study found two instances where campaigning was effective: "First, when candidates take unusually unpopular positions and campaigns invest unusually heavily in identifying persuadable voters. Second, when campaigns contact voters long before election day and measure effects immediately — although this early persuasion decays."[17][18]
Presidential campaigns[edit]
A large body of political science research emphasizes how "fundamentals" - the state of the economy, whether the country is at war, how long the president’s party has held the office, and which candidate is more ideologically moderate - predict presidential election outcomes.[19][20][21][22][23] However, campaigns may be necessary to enlighten otherwise uninformed voters about the fundamentals, which thus become increasingly predictive of preferences as the campaign progresses.[19][24][25][26] Research suggests that "the 2012 presidential campaigns increased turnout in highly targeted states by 7–8 percentage points, on average, indicating that modern campaigns can significantly alter the size and composition of the voting population.".[27]
National conventions[edit]
A consensus in the political science literature holds that national conventions usually have a measurable effect on presidential elections that is relatively resistant to decay.[24][25][26]
Presidential and vice-presidential debates[edit]
Research is mixed on the precise impact of debates.[24][26][28] Rather than encourage viewers to update their political views in accordance with the most persuasive arguments, viewers instead update their views to merely reflect what their favored candidate is saying.[29]
Presidential primaries[edit]
The fundamentals matter less in the outcome of presidential primaries. One prominent theory holds that the outcome of presidential primaries is largely determined by the preferences of party elites.[30] Presidential primaries are therefore less predictive, as all kinds of events may impact elites' perception of the viability of candidates. Gaffes, debates and media narratives play a greater role in primaries than in presidential elections.[20][31]
Strategies[edit]
Traditional ground campaigning and voter contacts remain the most effective strategies.[27][32] Some research suggests that knocking on doors can increase turnout by as much as 10%[33] and phone calls by as much as 4%.[34] One study suggests that lawn signs increase vote share by 1.7 percentage points.[35] A review of more than 200 get-out-the-vote experiments finds that The most effective tactics are personal: Door-to-door canvassing increases turnout by an average of about 2.5 percentage points; volunteer phone calls raise it by about 1.9 points, compared to 1.0 points for calls from commercial phone banks; automated phone messages are ineffective.[36][37] Each field office that the Obama campaign opened in 2012 gave him approximately a 0.3% greater vote share.[38] The Obama 2008 campaign's use of field most offices has been credited as crucial in winning Indiana and North Carolina.[39] According to one study, the cost per vote by having a field office is $49.40.[39] Using out-of-state volunteers for canvassing is less effective in increasing turnout than using local and trained volunteers.[40][41]
Political science research generally finds negative advertisement (which has increased over time)[42] to be ineffective both at reducing the support and turnout for the opponent.[43] According to political scientists Stephen Ansolabehere and Shanto Iyengar, negative ads do succeed at driving down overall turnout though.[44] They also find that "negative ads work better for Republicans than for Democrats, and better for men than for women; unfortunately, negative ads also work better in general than positive ones."[44] Challengers who spend more time campaigning get a higher vote share against incumbents in state house elections.[45] According to political scientist Lynn Vavreck, "the evidence suggests that campaign ads have small effects that decay rapidly — very rapidly — but just enough of the impact accumulates to make running more advertising than your opponent seem a necessity."[46]
According to political scientists Donald Green and Alan Gerber, it costs $31 to produce a vote going door to door, $91-$137 to produce a vote by sending out direct mailers, $47 per vote from leafletting, $58-$125 per vote from commercial phone banking, and $20-$35 per vote from voluntary phone banking.[47] A 2018 study in the American Economic Review found that door-to-door canvassing on behalf of the Francois Hollande campaign in the 2012 French presidential election "did not a�ffect turnout, but increased Hollande's vote share in the �rst round and accounted for one fourth of his victory margin in the second. Visits' impact persisted in later elections, suggesting a lasting persuasion e�ffect."[48]
A 2016 study found that visits by candidate visits to states have modest effects: "visits are most effective in influencing press coverage at the national level and within battleground states. Visits’ effects on voters themselves, however, are much more modest than consultants often claim, and visits appear to have no effects outside the market that hosts a visit."[49] The authors of the study argue that it would be more effective for campaigns to go to the pockets of the country where wealthy donors are (for fundraising) and hold rallies in the popolous states both to attract national press and raise funds.[49] A 2005 study found that campaign visits had no statistically significant effect, after controlling for other factors, on voter turnout in the 1992, 1996, and 2000 elections.[50] On the other hand, a 2017 paper of the 1948 presidential election provides "strong evidence that candidate visits can influence electoral returns".[51] Other research also provides evidence that campaign visits increase vote share.[52]
History[edit]
Political campaigns have existed as long as there have been informed citizens to campaign amongst. Democratic societies have regular election campaigns, but political campaigning can occur on particular issues even in non-democracies so long as freedom of expression is allowed. Often mass campaigns are started by the less privileged or anti-establishment viewpoints (as against more powerful interests whose first resort is lobbying). The phenomenon of political campaigns are tightly tied to lobby groups and political parties.
The first modern campaign is often described as William Ewart Gladstone's Midlothian campaign in 1878-80, although there may be earlier recognizably modern examples from the 19th century. The 1896 William McKinley presidential campaign laid the groundwork for modern campaigns.[53][54]
In the 1790-1820s, the Federalist Party and the Democratic-Republican Party battled it out in the so-called "First Party System". American election campaigns in the 19th century created the first mass-base political parties and invented many of the techniques of mass campaigning.[citation needed]
See also[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Political campaigns.
Techniques and traditions
Canvassing
Election litter
Election promise
Husting
Lawn sign
Microtargeting
Permanent campaign
Political campaign staff
Research strategies of election campaign communication research
Robocalls & Personalized audio messaging
Votebank
Assumed Incumbency
General topics
Activism
Civics
Lobbying
Media manipulation
Minimal effects hypothesis
Portal:Politics
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United States[edit]
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Further reading[edit]
Gary C. Jacobson. 2015. How Do Campaigns Matter? The Annual Review of Political Science.
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Young Sheldon
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Young Sheldon
Genre
Comedy
Created by
Chuck Lorre
Steven Molaro
Starring
Iain Armitage
Zoe Perry
Lance Barber
Montana Jordan
Raegan Revord
Jim Parsons
Annie Potts
Narrated by
Jim Parsons
Opening theme
"Mighty Little Man" by Steve Burns
Composer(s)
John Debney
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
1
No. of episodes
10 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
Steven Molaro
Jim Parsons
Todd Spiewak
Jon Favreau
Producer(s)
Timothy Marx
Camera setup
Single-camera
Running time
22 minutes
Production company(s)
Chuck Lorre Productions
Warner Bros. Television
Distributor
Warner Bros. Television Distribution
Release
Original network
CBS
Picture format
HDTV 1080i
Audio format
Dolby Digital 5.1
Original release
September 25, 2017 (2017-09-25) – present (present)
Chronology
Related shows
The Big Bang Theory
External links
Website
www.cbs.com/shows/young-sheldon/
Young Sheldon (stylized as young Sheldon) is an American television comedy on CBS created by Chuck Lorre and Steven Molaro. The series is a spin-off prequel to The Big Bang Theory and follows the character Sheldon Cooper at the age of 9, living with his family in East Texas and going to high school. Iain Armitage stars as young Sheldon, alongside Zoe Perry, Lance Barber, Montana Jordan, Raegan Revord, and Annie Potts. Jim Parsons, who portrays the adult Sheldon Cooper on The Big Bang Theory, narrates the series and serves as an executive producer.
Development of the prequel series began in November 2016, from an initial idea that Parsons passed along to The Big Bang Theory producers. The following March, Armitage and Perry were cast, and the series was ordered by CBS. The series premiered as a special preview on September 25, 2017 and two days later, CBS picked up the series for a full season of 22 episodes. On November 2, 2017, new episodes began airing weekly. In January 2018, CBS renewed the series for a second season.
Contents
[hide]
1 Premise
2 Cast and characters
2.1 Main
2.2 Recurring
2.3 Notable guests
3 Episodes
4 Production
4.1 Development
4.2 Casting
5 Release
6 Reception
6.1 Ratings
6.2 Critical response
7 References
8 External links
Premise[edit]
Set in 1989–90, the series follows 9-year-old Sheldon Cooper as he attends high school in the fictional town of Medford, Texas and tries to fit in the world around him while his family and friends attempt to deal with his unique intellectual capabilities and social challenges.[1][2]
Cast and characters[edit]
Main[edit]
Iain Armitage as Sheldon Cooper, a 9-year-old child prodigy with a "once-in-a-generation mind capable of advanced mathematics and science".[2][3]
Zoe Perry as Mary Cooper, Sheldon's mother.[3]
Lance Barber as George Cooper Sr., Sheldon's father, who is the head football coach at Sheldon's high school.[1][2] Barber had previously played Jimmy Speckerman, who bullied Leonard Hofstadter at high school, in one episode of The Big Bang Theory, which Barber said confused some viewers seeing him as George Cooper.[4]
Montana Jordan as George "Georgie" Cooper Jr., Sheldon's older brother.[1][2]
Raegan Revord as Missy Cooper, Sheldon's twin sister.[1]
Jim Parsons as the voice of adult Sheldon Cooper, who narrates the series as the older, present-day version of the character.[1]
Annie Potts as Meemaw, Sheldon's maternal grandmother.[5]
Recurring[edit]
Wyatt McClure as Billy Sparks, the son of a neighbor to the Cooper family.
Ryan Phuong as Tam, Sheldon’s Vietnamese-American childhood friend and classmate.
Matt Hobby as Pastor Jeff Hodgkins, the pastor at the Cooper family’s church.
Valerie Mahaffey as Ms. Victoria MacElroy, Sheldon's homeroom teacher at high school.
Rex Linn as Principal Tom Petersen, the principal at Sheldon's high school.
Danielle Pinnock as Ms. Evelyn Ingram, Sheldon's math teacher at high school.
Brian Stepanek as Mr. Hubert Givens, Sheldon's science teacher at high school.
Doc Farrow as Assistant Coach Roy Wilkins, Sheldon's P.E. teacher and the assistant football coach at high school.
Notable guests[edit]
Bob Newhart as Arthur Jeffries. Jeffries plays the character Professor Proton on television. The television character is a scientist and Sheldon’s favorite television host. Newhart is reprising his portrayal of this character from The Big Bang Theory.
Ray Liotta as Vincent, Meemaw's bookie.
Billy Gardell as Herschel Sparks, Billy's father[6]
Frances Conroy as Dr. Flora Douglas, headmaster of the boarding school Sheldon briefly attended
Harry Groener as Elliot Douglas, Dr. Douglas' husband.
Elon Musk makes a cameo appearance as himself.
Episodes[edit]
No.
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Prod.
code
U.S. viewers
(millions)
1
"Pilot" Jon Favreau Chuck Lorre & Steve Molaro September 25, 2017 (2017-09-25) T12.15551 17.21[7]
Sheldon Cooper, a 9-year-old genius, begins his first day of high school in the ninth grade with his older brother, George "Georgie" Cooper Jr. Having shown more skills than a typical child his age, he skipped several grades. On his first day, he questions his teachers and informs students of their rule-breaking. He tries to find his place in the new school and Georgie must deal with having a much younger sibling in his class.
2
"Rockets, Communists, and the Dewey Decimal System" Michael Zinberg Chuck Lorre & Steven Molaro November 2, 2017 (2017-11-02) T12.15552 12.66[8]
Sheldon learns that his mother is worried about his not having any friends. He therefore gets a copy of How to Win Friends and Influence People from the school library and tries its methods on various students and teachers without success. He eventually meets a Vietnamese American boy named Tam who shares many of his interests. His mother is so happy that she insists that Sheldon invite the boy home for dinner, and lifts the ban on Sheldon's model rocketry hobby. The dinner turns out to be awkward, and the boys' launch attempt goes out of control just as FBI agents arrive to ask Sheldon why he was trying to buy uranium.
3
"Poker, Faith, and Eggs" Michael Zinberg Story by : Damir Konjicija & Dario Konjicija
Teleplay by : Chuck Lorre & Steven Molaro November 9, 2017 (2017-11-09) T12.15553 12.39[9]
Sheldon debates the relationship between religion and science with his family's pastor. Billy Sparks brings some eggs for Missy. George suffers a mild heart attack, so Mary takes him to the hospital after calling Meemaw to watch the children. While she is sleeping, Georgie "borrows" her car and takes the other children to see their father. In the hospital chapel, Sheldon prays to Blaise Pascal for his father's recovery. When he does recover, Sheldon briefly doubts his atheism. When Sheldon gets into another debate with his pastor, George pretends to have heart trouble in order to get his family out of the church service.
4
"A Therapist, a Comic Book, and a Breakfast Sausage" Jaffar Mahmood Story by : Chuck Lorre & Steven Molaro
Teleplay by : Rob Ulin & Dave Bickel November 16, 2017 (2017-11-16) T12.15554 11.83[10]
Sheldon chokes on a sausage and becomes fearful of solid food. His parents take him to a psychotherapist who does not inspire confidence, but whose waiting room does have comic books, which Sheldon had previously dismissed as childish. He wanders away to a comic book store, where he finds the courage to resume eating. Meemaw babysits Missy and Georgie and comforts them on their feelings of being invisible because of Sheldon's quirks taking most of their parents' attention.
5
"A Solar Calculator, a Game Ball, and a Cheerleader's Bosom" Chris Koch Story by : Chuck Lorre & Steven Molaro
Teleplay by : Damir Konjicija & Dario Konjicija November 23, 2017 (2017-11-23) T12.15555 11.43[11]
Sheldon uses sports analytics to help his school's football team, coached by his father, win games, but becomes too popular for his taste as a result. Georgie struggles with his father neglecting him in favor of spending time with Sheldon. Missy and Tam, however, revel in Sheldon's new popularity. Meemaw also asks for his advice for her sports bets. Sheldon gets a B+ on a math test from his exhaustion after accompanying Tam to a party and decides he cannot keep helping the team. He also gives Meemaw bad advice. George begins ignoring Sheldon again and reconciles with Georgie.
6
"A Patch, a Modem, and a Zantac®" Don Scardino Story by : Chuck Lorre & Steven Molaro
Teleplay by : Anthony Gioe & Nick Mandernach November 30, 2017 (2017-11-30) T12.15556 12.11[12]
Sheldon's science class gets a visit from a NASA engineer who does not take his idea about VTVL technology seriously, so Sheldon is determined to show him up. He does the calculations himself and mails his notebook to NASA. Frustration from receiving no reply gives Sheldon a stress ulcer, so George drives the family to the Johnson Space Center and demands that the engineer listen to Sheldon's idea. The engineer admits that it is theoretically valid, but that the technology required to implement it is still a long way off. Sheldon is satisfied and leaves. A flashforward shows the successful SpaceX CRS-8 mission, followed by SpaceX founder Elon Musk looking over Sheldon's old notebook, then hiding it in a desk drawer.
7
"A Brisket, Voodoo, and Cannonball Run" Mark Cendrowski Story by : Nick Bakay
Teleplay by : Chuck Lorre & Steven Molaro December 7, 2017 (2017-12-07) T12.15557 12.49[13]
Meemaw's disdain for George emerges when she refuses to give him her brisket recipe. George later complains that Mary always takes her mother's side. As payback for George secretly searching her home for it, Meemaw gives him a fake recipe which requires him to go to great lengths to get the ingredients. After George spends 14 hours cooking in vain, he tries to ban her from the household. When Georgie and Missy fear their parents might divorce over this, Sheldon suddenly recalls a memory of Meemaw telling him her recipe when he was 23 months old, so he threatens to reveal it unless the two of them make up. George says he is more bothered by the fact that she never thought he was good enough for her daughter. He acknowledges being a disappointment when they first met, but believes he has grown since then. Meemaw seemingly accepts him as a worthy son-in-law, only for George to get the recipe from Sheldon after leaving.
8
"Cape Canaveral, Schrödinger's Cat, and Cyndi Lauper's Hair" Howie Deutch Story by : Chuck Lorre & Steven Molaro
Teleplay by : David Bickel December 14, 2017 (2017-12-14) T12.15558 11.64[14]
George takes the boys to Florida to see a Space Shuttle launch, but it gets rained out. Still, Sheldon enjoys the trip and becomes closer to his father. Meanwhile, Meemaw, Mary and Missy go to a beauty salon.
9
"Spock, Kirk, and Testicular Hernia" Peter Lauer Chuck Lorre & Steven Molaro December 21, 2017 (2017-12-21) T12.15559 11.32[15]
Sheldon tutors Georgie for their math test, only to discover that the latter cheated to pass. Since Star Trek character Captain Kirk also got away with cheating on the Kobayashi Maru test, Sheldon decides to adapt the "being loose with the rules" lifestyle he believes both Georgie and Kirk embrace by forging Mary's signature on a note excusing him from P.E. class and not checking out the school library books. He eventually gets caught after Coach Wilkins shows George the note, prompting Mary to tell off Sheldon to make amends by making him return the books and go back to P.E., where Coach Wilkins makes him climb the gym rope.
10
"An Eagle Feather, a String Bean, and an Eskimo" Rebecca Asher Story by : Chuck Lorre & Steven Molaro
Teleplay by : Rob Ulin & David Bickel January 4, 2018 (2018-01-04) T12.15560 14.70[16]
Sheldon's principal asks Mary and George to consider sending Sheldon to a school for the gifted in Dallas. Sheldon and his teachers are delighted by the idea, but his family (except for Georgie) quickly begin to miss him. Sheldon enjoys the intellectual stimulation but dislikes the folk rock-singing family that he lives with. When George impulsively drives to Dallas to bring him home, Sheldon is happy to go back home.
11
"Demons, Sunday School, and Prime Numbers"[17] Howie Deutch Story by : Chuck Lorre & Steven Molaro
Teleplay by : Chuck Lorre & Steven Molaro & Eric Kaplan January 11, 2018 (2018-01-11) T12.15561 TBD
12
"A Computer, a Plastic Pony, and a Case of Beer"[18] Richie Keen Story by : Chuck Lorre & Steven Molaro
Teleplay by : Chuck Lorre & Steven Molaro & Tara Hernandez January 18, 2018 (2018-01-18) T12.15562 TBD
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
In November 2016, it was reported that CBS was in negotiations to create a spin-off of The Big Bang Theory centered on Sheldon Cooper as a young boy. The prequel series, described as "a Malcolm in the Middle-esque single-camera family comedy" would be executive produced by The Big Bang Theory creators Chuck Lorre and Steven Molaro, with The Big Bang Theory co-creator Bill Prady expected to be involved in some capacity, and intended to air in the 2017–18 season alongside The Big Bang Theory.[19][20] The initial idea for the series came from Jim Parsons (who portrays the older Sheldon on The Big Bang Theory), who passed it along to The Big Bang Theory producers.[3] On March 13, 2017, CBS ordered the spin-off Young Sheldon series, which was created by Lorre and Molaro. Jon Favreau directed and executive produced the pilot. Parsons, Lorre, Molaro and Todd Spiewak also serve as executive producers on the series, for Chuck Lorre Productions, Inc. in association with Warner Bros. Television.[1] On September 27, 2017, CBS picked up the series for a full season of 22 episodes.[21] On January 6, 2018, the show was renewed for a second season.[22]
Casting[edit]
In early March 2017, Iain Armitage was cast as the younger Sheldon, as well as Zoe Perry as his mother, Mary Cooper. Perry is the real-life daughter of Laurie Metcalf, who portrays Mary Cooper on The Big Bang Theory.[3] Lance Barber stars as George Cooper Sr., Sheldon's father; he had previously appeared in one episode of The Big Bang Theory.[4] Raegan Revord stars as Missy Cooper, Sheldon's twin sister; and Montana Jordan as George Cooper Jr., Sheldon's older brother. Jim Parsons reprises his role as adult Sheldon Cooper, as narrator for the series.[2] In July 2017, Annie Potts was cast as Meemaw, Sheldon's grandmother.[5]
Release[edit]
Young Sheldon began airing weekly episodes on CBS from November 2, 2017, after The Big Bang Theory. It premiered as a special preview on September 25, 2017.[2]
Reception[edit]
Ratings[edit]
No.
Title
Air date
Rating/share
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)
1 "Pilot" September 25, 2017 3.8/13 17.21[7] 1.7 5.25 5.5 22.46[23]
2 "Rockets, Communists, and the Dewey
Decimal System" November 2, 2017 2.2/8 12.66[8] 1.1 3.89 3.3 16.74[24]
3 "Poker, Faith, and Eggs" November 9, 2017 2.2/8 12.39[9] 1.2 4.07 3.4 16.47[25]
4 "A Therapist, a Comic Book, and a Breakfast
Sausage" November 16, 2017 2.0/8 11.83[10] 1.2 3.54 3.2 15.37[26]
5 "A Solar Calculator, a Game Ball, and a
Cheerleader's Bosom" November 23, 2017 2.6/11 11.43[11] 1.3 4.10 3.9 15.53[27]
6 "A Patch, a Modem, and a Zantac" November 30, 2017 2.1/8 12.11[12] 1.0 3.60 3.1 15.71[28]
7 "A Brisket, Voodoo and Cannonball Run" December 7, 2017 2.2/8 12.49[13] 1.1 3.71 3.3 16.20[29]
8 "Cape Canaveral, Schrödinger's Cat, and Cyndi Lauper's Hair" December 14, 2017 2.0/8 11.64[14] TBD TBD TBD TBD
9 "Spock, Kirk, and Testicular Hernia" December 21, 2017 1.8/8 11.32[15] TBD TBD TBD TBD
10 "An Eagle Feather, a String Bean, and an Eskimo" January 4, 2018 2.6/10 14.70[16] TBD TBD TBD TBD
11 "Demons, Sunday School, and Prime Numbers" January 11, 2018 TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Critical response[edit]
The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 76% approval rating with an average rating of 6.75/10 based on 34 reviews. The website's consensus reads, "Young Sheldon's appealing cast and relatable themes bring a fresh—and overall enjoyable—perspective to its central character's familiar story."[30] Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 63 out of 100 based on 25 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[31]
The series' premise, as conveyed by a May 2017 trailer, gained favorable comparisons to the 1990s sitcom Smart Guy from HuffPost.[32]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Andreeva, Nellie (March 13, 2017). "'The Big Bang Theory' Spinoff 'Young Sheldon' Gets CBS Series Order, Rounds Out Cast; Jon Favreau Set To Direct". Deadline.com. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Andreeva, Nellie (May 17, 2017). "CBS Fall 2017 Schedule: No Major Changes, 'Young Sheldon' Joins 'The Big Bang Theory', 'S.W.A.T.' On Thursday". Deadline.com. Retrieved May 22, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Andreeva, Nellie (March 2, 2017). "'Big Bang' Sheldon Spinoff Inches Closer With Iain Armitage & Zoe Perry Castings". Deadline.com. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Young Sheldon interview: Lance Barber on playing Sheldon's father George Cooper Sr". CarterMatt. September 22, 2017. Retrieved September 26, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Goldberg, Lesley (July 18, 2017). "'Young Sheldon' Taps Annie Potts to Play Key 'Big Bang Theory' Role (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 1, 2017.
Jump up ^ Abrams, Natalie (October 24, 2017). "Young Sheldon books Mike and Molly star". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved October 24, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (September 26, 2017). "'Big Bang' and 'Young Sheldon' adjust up, 'Good Doctor,' 'DWTS,' 'The Brave,' 'Me, Myself & I' down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved September 26, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (November 3, 2017). "'Will & Grace' adjusts up, 'Sheldon' and other CBS shows adjust down: Thursday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (November 10, 2017). "'Big Bang Theory' and 'Thursday Night Football' adjust up: Thursday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (November 17, 2017). "'Supernatural' and NFL adjust up, 'Young Sheldon' adjusts down: Thursday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (November 28, 2017). "Primetime NFL adjusts up on Thanksgiving: Thursday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (December 4, 2017). "'Supernatural,' 'Big Bang Theory' and NFL adjust up: Thursday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 4, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (December 8, 2017). "'Supernatural' and NFL adjust up: Thursday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 8, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (December 15, 2017). "'Thursday Night Football' adjusts up, still at season low: Thursday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (December 22, 2017). "'Young Sheldon,' 'Great News,' 'SNL Christmas' adjust up, 'SWAT' adjusts down: Thursday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 22, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (January 8, 2018). "'The Four,' 'Will & Grace,' everything else unchanged: Thursday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
Jump up ^ "(#YS111) "Demons, Sunday School, and Prime Numbers"". The Futon Critic. Retrieved December 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "(#YS112) "A Computer, a Plastic Pony, and a Case of Beer"". The Futon Critic. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (November 7, 2016). "'The Big Bang Theory' Eyes Young Sheldon Spinoff Prequel Series On CBS". Deadline.com. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Lesley (November 7, 2016). "'Big Bang Theory' Sheldon Prequel Series in the Works at CBS". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (September 27, 2017). "'Young Sheldon' Gets Full-Season Order From CBS After Strong Debut". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (January 6, 2018). "'Young Sheldon' Renewed For Season 2 By CBS". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved January 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 13, 2017). "'This Is Us' and 'The Good Doctor' score big in premiere week broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 17, 2017). "'This Is Us' and 12 more shows double in week 6 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 27, 2017). "'This Is Us' rides high in week 7 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (December 5, 2017). "'Jane the Virgin,' 10 other shows double in week 8 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (December 7, 2017). "'Chicago Med' premiere makes solid gains in week 9 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (December 15, 2017). "CW crossovers get another bump in week 10 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (December 21, 2017). "'Agents of SHIELD' gets a good bump in week 11 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Young Sheldon: Season 1 (2017)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved November 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Young Sheldon: Season 1". Metacritic. Retrieved November 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bradley, Bill (May 17, 2017). "'Sheldon From 'Big Bang Theory' Looks Very Different In 'Young Sheldon' Trailer". HuffPost. Retrieved August 5, 2017.
External links[edit]
Young Sheldon on IMDb
Vanity Cards Archive for Young Sheldon
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