text:
Walk on the Wild Side (Lou Reed song)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Walk on the Wild Side"
Single by Lou Reed
from the album Transformer
A-side
"Perfect Day"
Released
November 8, 1972 (1972-11-08)
Format
7-inch single
Recorded
August 1972, Trident Studios, London
Length
4:12
Label
RCA Records
Songwriter(s)
Lou Reed
Producer(s)
David Bowie
Mick Ronson
Lou Reed singles chronology
"Walk and Talk It"
(1972) "Walk on the Wild Side"
(1972) "Satellite Of Love"
(1973)
"Walk and Talk It"
(1972) "Walk on the Wild Side"
(1972) "Satellite Of Love"
(1973)
"Walk on the Wild Side" is a song by Lou Reed from his second solo album, Transformer (1972). It was produced by David Bowie and Mick Ronson, and released as a double A-side with "Perfect Day". The song received wide radio coverage, despite its touching on taboo topics such as transgender people, drugs, male prostitution, and oral sex. In the United States, RCA released the single using an edited version of the song without the reference to oral sex. In 2010, Rolling Stone ranked it at number 223 in its list of the 500 greatest songs of all time.[1]
The lyrics, describing a series of individuals and their journeys to New York City, refer to several of the regular "superstars" at Andy Warhol's New York studio, the Factory, namely Holly Woodlawn, Candy Darling, Joe Dallesandro, Jackie Curtis and Joe Campbell (referred to in the song by his nickname Sugar Plum Fairy). Candy Darling was also the subject of Reed's earlier song for The Velvet Underground, "Candy Says".
Two decades after the song's release, Reed told interviewer David Fricke, "I know my obituary has already been written. And it starts out, "Doot, di-doot, di-doot...""[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Musicians
2 Musical elements
3 Inspiration
4 Reception
5 Personnel
6 Charts and certifications
6.1 Weekly charts
6.2 Year-end charts
6.3 Certifications
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
Musicians[edit]
The baritone saxophone solo played over the fadeout of the song is performed by Ronnie Ross, who had taught David Bowie to play the saxophone during Bowie's childhood.[3]
The backing vocals are sung by Thunderthighs, a vocal group that included Dari Lalou, Karen Friedman, and Casey Synge.[4][5]
The upright bass and bass guitar are both played by Herbie Flowers who was paid a £17 flat fee (equivalent to £200 in 2016[6]).[3]
Musical elements[edit]
Like many of Reed's songs, "Walk on the Wild Side" is based on a plagal cadence, alternating from C to F. The F is played as a sixth chord. The pre-chorus introduces the major second, D Major, although in some live performances this was changed to D minor, resulting in a completely diatonic song.[7]
The song is also noted for its twin interlocking bass lines played by Herbie Flowers on double bass and overdubbed on a stacked knob 1960 fretless Fender Jazz Bass. In an interview on BBC Radio 4 (Playing Second Fiddle, aired July 2005), Flowers claimed that the reason he came up with the twin bass line was that as a session musician he would be paid double for playing two instruments on the same track, thus likely totalling his pay to £34 (equivalent to £400 in 2016[6]).
Inspiration[edit]
In the 2001 documentary Classic Albums: Lou Reed: Transformer, Reed says that it was Nelson Algren's 1956 novel, A Walk on the Wild Side (itself titled after the 1952 song "The Wild Side of Life"),[8] that was the launching point for the song, even though, as it grew, the song became inhabited by characters from his own life. As with several other Reed songs from the 1970s, the title may also be an allusion to an earlier song, in this case Mack David and Elmer Bernstein's song of the same name, the Academy Award-nominated title song of the 1962 film based on Algren's novel.[citation needed] During his performance of the song on his 1978 Live: Take No Prisoners album, Reed humorously explains the song's development from a request that he write the music for the never-completed musical version of Algren's novel.
Each verse refers to one of the "superstars" at Andy Warhol's New York studio, The Factory.[9]
"Holly" is based on Holly Woodlawn, a transgender actress who lived in Miami Beach, Florida as a child. In 1962, after being bullied by homophobes, the fifteen-year-old ran away from home; and, as in the lyrics, learned how to pluck her eyebrows while hitchhiking to New York.[10]
"Candy" is based on Candy Darling, a transgender actress and the subject of an earlier song by Lou Reed, "Candy Says". She grew up on Long Island ("the island") and was a regular at "the back room" of Max's Kansas City.[11]
"Little Joe" was the nickname of Joe Dallesandro, an actor who starred in Flesh, a 1968 film about a teenage hustler. Dallesandro said in 2014 that he had never met Reed when the song was written, and that the lyrics were based on the film character, not himself personally.[12]
"Sugar Plum Fairy" was a reference to actor Joe Campbell, who played a character by that name in Warhol's 1965 film, My Hustler. The term was a euphemism for "drug dealer".[13]
"Jackie" is based on Jackie Curtis, another Warhol actor. "Speeding" and "crashing" are drug references. Curtis at one time hoped to play the role of James Dean in a movie; Dean was killed in a car crash.[14]
Reception[edit]
The lyrics were groundbreaking and risqué for their time, telling stories not usually told in rock songs up to then, and containing references to prostitution, transsexuals, and oral sex.[15] "I always thought it would be kinda fun to introduce people to characters they maybe hadn't met before, or hadn't wanted to meet," Reed said.[16] The original release was a worldwide hit. In 2010, Rolling Stone magazine ranked it as the 223rd greatest song of all time.[17]
In the United States, RCA released the single using an edited version of the song without the reference to oral sex.[when?] In the UK, the reference has sometimes slipped past the censors, who were apparently unfamiliar with the term "giving head".[18][when?] The term "colored girls" was also an issue in the US; RCA provided radio stations with a version in which it was edited out.[19][when?]
The single peaked at #16 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles charts in early 1973.[20] After the announcement of Reed's death in October 2013, both the song and the Transformer album re-charted via iTunes.[21]
Personnel[edit]
Lou Reed – lead vocals, acoustic guitar[citation needed]
Thunderthighs – backing vocals
David Bowie – acoustic guitar[citation needed]
Mick Ronson – electric guitar, string arrangement
Herbie Flowers – electric bass, double bass
Ronnie Ross – baritone saxophone
John Halsey – drums
Charts and certifications[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1972–73)
Peak
position
Australia KMR
100
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[22]
57
Canada RPM [23]
18
France (SNEP)[24]
13
Germany (Official German Charts)[25]
67
Ireland (IRMA)[26]
13
Japan (Japan Hot 100)[27]
29
Italy (FIMI)[28]
17
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[29]
15
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[30]
21
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[31]
39
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[32]
10
US Billboard Hot 100[33]
16
US Hot Rock Songs (Billboard)[34]
14
U.S. Cash Box Top 100
17
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1973)
Rank
Canada [35] 95
U.S. (Joel Whitburn's Pop Annual)[36] 125
Certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Italy (FIMI)[37]
Gold
United Kingdom (BPI)[38]
Silver
References[edit]
Jump up ^ https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/the-500-greatest-songs-of-all-time-20110407/lou-reed-walk-on-the-wild-side-20110527
Jump up ^ Fricke, David, Mojo Magazine, November 2016, pg. 75
^ Jump up to: a b Dave Simpson (21 October 2014). "The little-known musicians behind some of music's most famous moments". The Guardian.
Jump up ^ Barton, Laura (12 May 2011). "Hail, Hail, Rock'n'Roll". The Guardian.
Jump up ^ "Thunderthighs". Allmusic. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Lou Reed - Walk On The Wild Side (ver 3) Chords". Bigchords.com. Retrieved 2012-11-16.
Jump up ^ Richard Flanagan, "Prophet of the neon wilderness", The Sunday Telegraph, January 29, 2006 (reprinted as "Introduction", dated "October 2005", in the novel's digital edition, Canongate Books, 2009, ISBN 978-1-84767-649-8): ‘As Algren admitted, the book “wasn’t written until long after it had been walked… I found my way to the streets on the other side of the Southern Pacific station, where the big jukes were singing something called ‘Walking the Wild Side of Life.’ I’ve stayed pretty much on that side of the curb ever since.” ’
Jump up ^ Reed, Lou (1991). Between Thought and Expression: Selected Lyrics of Lou Reed. Hyperion. p. 42. ISBN 1-56282-923-8. They were going to make a musical out of Nelson Algren's A Walk on the Wild Side. When they dropped the project I took my song and changed the book's characters into people I knew from Warhol's Factory.
Jump up ^ Simpson, Dave (12 December 2008). "Bet you think this song is about you". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 April 2015.
Jump up ^ Moynihan, Colin (24 February 2009). "From the Archives, a Portrait of a Pop-Art Muse". The New York Times.
Jump up ^ "Joe Dallesandro: The Warhol-Era Sex Symbol Talks". LA Weekly. 17 January 2014.
Jump up ^ Klemm, Michael D. "Warhol On The Beach". CinemaQueer.com. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
Jump up ^ McCourt, James. "Warhol's Brainy Goddess". Gay City News. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
Jump up ^ Trebay, Guy (1 November 2013). "The Real-Life Stories Told in 'Walk on the Wild Side'". The New York Times.
Jump up ^ Bockris, Victor (1994). Transformer: The Lou Reed Story. Simon & Schuster. p. 207. ISBN 0-684-80366-6. The impact of Transformer's sexual content has been forgotten. It is hard to conjure up the shock resulting from David Bowie's confession of bisexuality [in 1972].
Jump up ^ https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/the-500-greatest-songs-of-all-time-20110407/lou-reed-walk-on-the-wild-side-20110527
Jump up ^ "Ten things you never knew about Lou Reed". Clash. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
Jump up ^ Santoso, Alex (17 September 2012). "The Story Behind Lou Reed's "Walk on the Wild Side"". Neatorama. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits: Eighth Edition. Record Research. p. 523.
Jump up ^ "NME News Lou Reed to have posthumous hit with 'Walk On The Wild Side'? - NME.COM". NME.COM. 28 October 2013.
Jump up ^ "Austriancharts.at – Lou Reed – Walk on the Wild Side" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Image : RPM Weekly - Library and Archives Canada". Bac-lac.gc.ca. Retrieved 2016-10-08.
Jump up ^ "Lescharts.com – Lou Reed – Walk on the Wild Side" (in French). Les classement single. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Lou Reed – Walk on the Wild Side". GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – Walk on the Wild Side". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved March 3, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Lou Reed Chart History (Japan Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Archivio - Top Digital Download - Classifica settimanale WK 44 (dal 28-10-2013 al 03-11-2013)" (in Italian). Federation of the Italian Music Industry. Archived from the original on December 12, 2013. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Lou Reed – Walk on the Wild Side" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Spanishcharts.com – Lou Reed – Walk on the Wild Side" Canciones Top 50. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Swisscharts.com – Lou Reed – Walk on the Wild Side". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Lou Reed Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Lou Reed Chart History (Hot Rock Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Item Display - RPM - Library and Archives Canada". Collectionscanada.gc.ca. Retrieved 2016-10-08.
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (1999). Pop Annual. Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research Inc. ISBN 0-89820-142-X.
Jump up ^ "Italian single certifications – Lou Reed – Walk on the Wild Side" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ "British single certifications – Lou Reed – Walk on the Wild Side". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved January 5, 2018. Enter Walk on the Wild Side in the search field and then press Enter.
Further reading[edit]
Jones, Josh (December 7, 2017). "Meet the Characters Immortalized in Lou Reed's 'Walk on the Wild Side': The Stars and Gay Rights Icons from Andy Warhol's Factory Scene". Open Culture.
External links[edit]
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
[hide]
v
t
e
Lou Reed
Discography
Studio albums
Lou Reed
Transformer
Berlin
Sally Can't Dance
Metal Machine Music
Coney Island Baby
Rock and Roll Heart
Street Hassle
The Bells
Growing Up in Public
The Blue Mask
Legendary Hearts
New Sensations
Mistrial
New York
Magic and Loss
Set the Twilight Reeling
Ecstasy
The Raven
Hudson River Wind Meditations
Collaborations
Le Bataclan '72 (with John Cale and Nico)
Songs for Drella (with John Cale)
The Stone: Issue Three (with John Zorn and Laurie Anderson)
Lulu (with Metallica)
Live albums
Rock 'n' Roll Animal
Lou Reed Live
Live: Take No Prisoners
Live in Italy
Live in Concert
Perfect Night: Live in London
American Poet
Animal Serenade
Berlin: Live At St. Ann's Warehouse
The Creation of the Universe
Compilations
Walk on the Wild Side: The Best of Lou Reed
Rock and Roll Diary: 1967–1980
City Lights
Walk on the Wild Side & Other Hits
Different Times: Lou Reed in the '70s
The Best of Lou Reed & The Velvet Underground
A Retrospective
Perfect Day
Retro
The Definitive Collection
The Very Best of Lou Reed
Legendary Lou Reed
NYC Man (The Ultimate Collection 1967–2003)
The Essential Lou Reed
Singles
"Walk on the Wild Side"
"Satellite of Love"
"Vicious"
"Sweet Jane"
"Street Hassle"
"September Song"
"The Original Wrapper"
"No Money Down"
"Dirty Blvd."
Box sets
Between Thought and Expression: The Lou Reed Anthology
Related articles
The Velvet Underground
John Cale
Nico
Metal Machine Trio
Live at Montreux 2000
Loureedia
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Walk_on_the_Wild_Side_(Lou_Reed_song)&oldid=837989234"
Categories:
1972 songs
Lou Reed songs
Songs about New York City
LGBT-related songs
Songs written by Lou Reed
Songs about drugs
Songs based on actual events
Song recordings produced by David Bowie
1973 singles
Transgender and transsexual-related media
Songs about prostitutes
RCA Records singles
Hidden categories:
CS1 Italian-language sources (it)
Articles with hAudio microformats
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from April 2013
All articles with vague or ambiguous time
Vague or ambiguous time from December 2016
Articles with unsourced statements from December 2015
Singlechart usages for Austria
Singlechart usages for France
Singlechart usages for Germany2
Singlechart usages for Ireland2
Singlechart called without artist
Singlechart usages for Billboardjapanhot100
Singlechart usages for Dutch100
Singlechart usages for Spain
Singlechart usages for Switzerland
Singlechart usages for UK
Singlechart usages for Billboardhot100
Singlechart usages for Billboardrocksongs
Certification Table Entry usages for Italy
Certification Table Entry usages for United Kingdom
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Čeština
Deutsch
Español
Français
Italiano
日本語
Norsk nynorsk
Polski
Русский
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Svenska
4 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 24 April 2018, at 07:27.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

value: mw-page-base noprint

value: mw-head-base noprint

value: firstHeading firstHeading en

value: siteSub noprint

value: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attr: colspan class style

attr: href class

value:
/wiki/7-inch_single
mw-redirect
7-inch single

value: width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding: .2em .1em .2em 0;

value: width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding:.2em .1em;

value:
/wiki/Satellite_Of_Love
mw-redirect
Satellite Of Love

value: width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding: .2em 0 .2em .1em;

value: background: transparent; width: 100%; min-width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse;

value: width:33%; padding:.2em .1em .2em 0; text-align: center;

value: width:33%; padding:.2em .1em; text-align: center;

value: width:33%; padding:.2em 0 .2em .1em; text-align: center;

value:
/wiki/Recreational_drugs
mw-redirect
Recreational drugs

value: Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time

value:
/wiki/Plagal_cadence
mw-redirect
Plagal cadence

value: Walk on the Wild Side (David and Bernstein song)

value:
/wiki/Academy_Award
mw-redirect
Academy Award

value: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2013)

value:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

value:
/wiki/Male_prostitute
mw-redirect
Male prostitute

value: Joe Campbell (actor) (page does not exist)

value:
/wiki/Drug_dealer
mw-redirect
Drug dealer

value: The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (December 2016)

value: Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers

value: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2015)

value: Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique

value:
/wiki/Japan_Hot_100
mw-redirect
Japan Hot 100

value:
/wiki/Hot_Rock_Songs
mw-redirect
Hot Rock Songs

value: wikitable sortable plainrowheaders jquery-tablesorter

value:
left
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

value:
text-align:center;
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

value:
col
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

value: Federation of the Italian Music Industry

value: border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:100%;

value:
/wiki/Retail_Price_Index
mw-redirect
Retail Price Index

value:
nofollow
https://measuringworth.com/ukearncpi/
external text

value:
nofollow
external text
http://www.nme.com/news/lou-reed/73473

value:
nofollow
external text
http://www.fimi.it/main/chart_id/1674

value:
/wiki/Canciones_Top_50
mw-redirect
Canciones Top 50

value:
nofollow
https://www.bpi.co.uk/bpi-awards/
external text

value: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

value:
navbox-abovebelow
2
background: #EEEEEE;

value:
row
navbox-group
width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;

value: Walk on the Wild Side: The Best of Lou Reed

value: The Best of Lou Reed & The Velvet Underground

value: The Definitive Collection (Lou Reed album)

value: NYC Man (The Ultimate Collection 1967–2003)

value: nowraplinks vcard hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

value: Category:Song recordings produced by David Bowie

value: Category:Transgender and transsexual-related media

value: Category:CS1 Italian-language sources (it)

value: Category:Articles with hAudio microformats

value: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

value: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from April 2013

value: Category:All articles with vague or ambiguous time

value: Category:Vague or ambiguous time from December 2016

value: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2015

value: Category:Singlechart usages for Germany2

value: Category:Singlechart usages for Ireland2

value: Category:Singlechart called without artist

value: Category:Singlechart usages for Billboardjapanhot100

value: Category:Singlechart usages for Dutch100

value: Category:Singlechart usages for Switzerland

value: Category:Singlechart usages for Billboardhot100

value: Category:Singlechart usages for Billboardrocksongs

value: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for Italy

value: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for United Kingdom

value: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

value: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

value: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

value: Find background information on current events

value:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

value: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

value: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

value: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

value: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

value: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

value: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

value: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

value:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

value: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

value: Permanent link to this revision of the page

value: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

value: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

value: Walk on the Wild Side (chanson de Lou Reed) – French

value: ワイルド・サイドを歩け – Japanese

value: Walk on the Wild Side – Norwegian Nynorsk

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nn
display: none;

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

value: Walk on the Wild Side (pesma Lou Reeda) – Serbo-Croatian

value:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sh
display: none;

value: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

value: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Walk_on_the_Wild_Side_Lou_Reed_song rootpage-Walk_on_the_Wild_Side_Lou_Reed_song skin-vector action-view


text:
Nagar Palika
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
India
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
India
Constitution and law[show]
Constitutional amendment
Basic structure doctrine
Fundamental rights
Human rights
———————
Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
Uniform civil code
Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973
Indian Penal Code
Law enforcement
Government of India[show]
President (Head of state)
Vice president
———————
Executive:
Prime minister (Head of government)
Union Council of Ministers
Cabinet secretary
Secretaries: (Defence • Finance • Foreign • Home)
Civil services
All India Services (IAS • IFS/IFoS • IPS)
———————
Legislature:
Parliament
Rajya Sabha (Chairman)
Lok Sabha (Speaker)
Judiciary:
Supreme court (Chief justice)
High courts (Chief justices)
District courts
Elections[show]
Election commission:
Chief Election Commissioner (Election commissioners)
Recent general elections: 2009
2014
2019
Recent state elections: 2017
2018
2019
———————
Political parties
National parties
State parties
National coalitions:
National Democratic Alliance (NDA)
United Progressive Alliance (UPA)
Federalism[show]
Administrative divisions
———————
State governments
Governor
Chief minister
Chief secretary (Principal secretaries)
Field-level officers
Divisional commissioners
District magistrates
Sub-divisional magistrates
Legislatures:
Vidhan Sabha
Vidhan Parishad
———————
Local governments: Rural bodies:
District councils
Block panchayats
Gram Panchayats
Urban bodies:
Municipal corporations
Municipal councils
Nagar panchayats
Other countries
Atlas
v
t
e
In India, a municipal council, municipality, town municipality,[1] Nagar Palika, Nagar Palika Parishad is an urban local body that administers a city of population 100,000 or more. However, there are exceptions to that, as previously Nagar Palikas were constituted in urban centers with populations over 20,000, so all the urban bodies which were previously classified as Nagar Palikas were reclassified as Nagar Palikas even if their population was under 100,000. Under the Panchayati Raj system. It interacts directly with the state government, though it is administratively part of the district it is located in. Generally, smaller district cities and bigger towns have a Nagar Palika.
Nagar Palikas are also a form of local self-government entrusted with some duties and responsibilities, as enshrined in the Constitutional (74th Amendment) Act, 1992. Under Article 243Q, it became obligatory for every state to constitute such units.
The 74th amendment made the provisions relating to urban local governments (Nagarpalikas).[1]
Three tier structure:
Municipal corporations
Municipal councils
Nagar panchayats
Contents
[hide]
1 Composition
2 Functions
3 Sources of income
4 See also
5 Sources
Composition[edit]
The members of the Nagar Palika are elected representatives for a term of five years. The town is divided into wards according to population, and representatives are elected from each ward separately. The members elect a president among themselves to preside over and conduct meetings. Employees of the state government of India, including Chief Officer, Town Planning Engineer, Auditor, Sanitary Inspector, Medical Officer for Health, and Education Officer, among many others, who come from the state public services, are appointed to handle the administrative affairs of the Nagar Palika.
[show]Organisational hierarchy
Republic of India
States Union Territories
Divisions
Districts
Blocks
(Tehsils/Talukas) Municipal Corporations
(Maha-Nagar-Palika) Municipalities
(Nagar-Palika) City Councils
(Nagar-Panchayat)
Villages
(Gram/Gaon) Wards
Functions[edit]
The Nagar Palika is responsible for
Water supply
Hospitals
Roads
Street lighting
Drainage
Fire brigade
Market places
Records of births and deaths
Solid waste management
Maintaining gardens, parks and playgrounds
Providing education to unprivileged children
Sources of income[edit]
A steady and adequate supply of funds is essential for smooth running of all these programmes. The various sources of income of municipal bodies are:
The income from taxes, including on houses, entertainment, electricity, water tax (in certain cities), vehicles, property and land
Toll tax is the most important income of a municipality. All commercial vehicles may receive toll taxes, except auto rickshaw.
Income is also generated from commercial activities like hotels, tourist centres, renting and sale of municipal property, and education cess.
Financial grants from state government are a major source of income for all municipal bodies. Loans are also provided if special projects are undertaken for citizens' welfare.
Professional tax collection from all the employers, i.e. government and private sectors
See also[edit]
Municipal governance in India
Sources[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "India Constitution at Work" (PDF). National Council of Educational Research and Training. January 20, 2015. Archived from the original on 2015-11-29.
Our Civic Life (Civics and Administration) - Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research, Pune
[show]
v
t
e
Local government in India
Urban
Municipal Corporation
Nagar Palika (Municipal Council)
Intermediate
Town Panchayat (Nagar panchayat)
Rural
District Panchayat (Zila Parishad )
Block Panchayat / Taluk Panchayat / Panchayat Samiti / Panchayat Union
Gram Panchayat
Sarpanch
Observance
National Panchayati Raj Day
This article about government in India is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
v
t
e
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nagar_Palika&oldid=817407195"
Categories:
Local government in India
Hindi words and phrases
Municipalities of India
Indian government stubs
Hidden categories:
India articles missing geocoordinate data
All articles needing coordinates
All stub articles
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
বাংলা
हिन्दी
Edit links
This page was last edited on 28 December 2017, at 05:31.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

tag: div

attr: id class

value: mw-page-base noprint

key: html

type: local

value: mw-head-base noprint

tag: a

attr: id class lang

value: firstHeading firstHeading en

value: siteSub noprint

value: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attr: href title

tag: span

attr: class style

value: adr font-size:smaller

tag: th

tag: tr

tag: img

attr: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value: nowrap font-weight:normal

tag: br

value:
/wiki/Fundamental_Rights_in_India
mw-redirect
Fundamental Rights in India

value: font-size: 105%; padding: 0px 0px 0.4em; text-align: left; display: none;

value:
/wiki/Chairman_of_Rajya_Sabha
mw-redirect
Chairman of Rajya Sabha

value:
/wiki/High_Courts_of_India
mw-redirect
High Courts of India

value: Governors and Lieutenant-Governors of states of India

value:
/wiki/Divisional_Commissioner
mw-redirect
Divisional Commissioner

value:
/wiki/District_Magistrate
mw-redirect
District Magistrate

value:
/wiki/Panchayat_Samiti_(Block)
mw-redirect
Panchayat Samiti (Block)

value:
/wiki/Gram_Panchayats
mw-redirect
Gram Panchayats

value:
/wiki/Nagar_Palika_(Municipality)
mw-redirect
Nagar Palika (Municipality)

value:
/wiki/Nagar_Panchayat
mw-redirect
Nagar Panchayat

value: padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.3em;font-weight:bold;border-top: 1px solid #aaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;

value: float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%

value:
/wiki/Urban_local_body
mw-redirect
Urban local body

value:
/wiki/Panchayati_Raj
mw-redirect
Panchayati Raj

value: Seventy-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India (page does not exist)

value: padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none; width:auto

value: border-right:1px solid black;border-bottom:1px solid black;height:1em;width:1em

value:
/wiki/States_of_India
mw-redirect
States of India

value:
/wiki/Union_territories_of_India
mw-redirect
Union territories of India

value: margin: 0.3em auto auto; clear:none; min-width:70em; width:auto; font-size:88%; border:1px solid #aaa;

value:
/wiki/Street_lighting
mw-redirect
Street lighting

value:
/wiki/Fire_brigade
mw-redirect
Fire brigade

value:
/wiki/Market_places
mw-redirect
Market places

value:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

value:
/wiki/Municipal_Corporation
mw-redirect
Municipal Corporation

value:
/wiki/Municipal_Council
mw-redirect
Municipal Council

value:
/wiki/Town_Panchayat
mw-redirect
Town Panchayat

value:
/wiki/District_Panchayat
mw-redirect
District Panchayat

value:
/wiki/Block_Panchayat
mw-redirect
Block Panchayat

value:
/wiki/Panchayat_Samiti
mw-redirect
Panchayat Samiti

value:
/wiki/Gram_Panchayat
mw-redirect
Gram Panchayat

value: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

attr: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value: position: absolute; right: 15px; display: none;

value:
metadata plainlinks stub
presentation
background:transparent

value: Category:India articles missing geocoordinate data

value: Category:All articles needing coordinates

value: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

value: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

value: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

value: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

value:
/wiki/Nagar_Palika
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

value: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

value: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

value:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

value: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

value: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

value:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

value:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

value:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

value: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

value: Find background information on current events

value:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

value: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

value: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

value: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

value: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

value: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

value: পুরসভা (ভারত) – Bangla

value: नगर पालिका – Hindi

value: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

value: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

value:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

value: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Nagar_Palika rootpage-Nagar_Palika skin-vector action-view