text:
Jack Lord
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Jack Lord
Lord as Detective Steve McGarrett in Hawaii Five-O
Born
John Joseph Patrick Ryan
(1920-12-30)December 30, 1920
Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
Died
January 21, 1998(1998-01-21) (aged 77)
Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S
Cause of death
Congestive heart failure
Occupation
Artist, actor, director, producer, philanthropist
Years active
1949–1980
Known for
Steve McGarrett in Hawaii Five-O
Spouse(s)
Ann Cicily Ward (m. 1944; div. 1947)
Marie De Narde (m. 1949)
Children
1
John Joseph Patrick Ryan (December 30, 1920 – January 21, 1998), best known by his stage name, Jack Lord, was an American television, film and Broadway actor and director and producer. He was known for his starring role as Steve McGarrett in the CBS television program Hawaii Five-O, which ran from 1968 to 1980.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early years
2 Career
2.1 Hawaii Five-O
3 Artist
4 Personal life
5 Popular culture
6 Death
7 Memorial
8 Filmography
9 References
10 External links
Early years[edit]
Born in Brooklyn, New York, Lord was the son of Irish-American parents. His father, William Lawrence Ryan, was a steamship company executive.[1] He grew up in Morris Park[2] (now known as Richmond Hill), Queens, New York.
Young Lord developed his equestrian skills on his mother's fruit farm[3] in the Hudson River Valley. He started spending summers at sea, and from the decks of cargo ships[4] painted and sketched the landscapes he encountered—Africa, the Mediterranean and China. He was educated at St. Benedict Joseph Labre School,[2] John Adams High School, in Ozone Park, New York, and the United States Merchant Marine Academy,[5] then located at Fort Trumbull in New London, Connecticut, graduating as an Ensign[6] with a Third Mates License. He attended New York University (NYU) on a football scholarship,[1][4] and earned a degree in Fine Arts.
He spent the first year of the United States' involvement in World War II with the United States Army Corps of Engineers, building bridges in Persia.[2] He returned to the Merchant Marine [7] as an Able Seaman before enrolling in the deck officer course at Fort Trumbull. While making maritime training films, he took to the idea of acting.
Career[edit]
Lord received theatrical training from Sanford Meisner[8] at the Neighborhood Playhouse.[9] He worked first as a car salesman[3] for Horgan Ford, then later as a Cadillac salesman in New York to fund his studies. Later he studied at the Actors Studio.[10]
His Broadway debut was as Slim Murphy in Horton Foote's The Traveling Lady with Kim Stanley.[11][12] The show ran for 30 performances, October 27, 1954 through November 20, 1954. Lord won the Theatre World Award[13] for his performance. Lord was then cast as Brick[14] in a replacement for Ben Gazzara in the 1955–1956 production of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof.[15] He had been in The Little Hut (his first play), The Illegitimist, and The Savage.
His first commercial film role was in the 1949 film[9] The Red Menace a.k.a. Project X, an anti-Communist production. He was associate producer in his 1950 film Cry Murder. In 1957, Lord starred in Williamsburg: the Story of a Patriot,[16] which has run daily at Colonial Williamsburg since then. In 1958, Lord co-starred as Buck Walden in God's Little Acre,[17] the film adaptation of Erskine Caldwell's 1933 novel.
Lord was the first actor to play the character Felix Leiter[18] in the James Bond film series, introduced in the first Bond film, Dr. No. According to screenwriter Richard Maibaum, Lord demanded co-star billing, a bigger role and more money to reprise the role[19] in Goldfinger, which resulted in director Guy Hamilton casting Cec Linder in the role.
In 1962, Lord starred as series namesake Stoney Burke,[20] a rodeo cowboy from Mission Ridge, South Dakota. The basis for the series was real-life champion rodeo rider Casey Tibbs.[21] The series featured Warren Oates and Bruce Dern in recurring supporting roles. Lord credited Gary Cooper as his on-screen role model,[8] and the inspiration for his characterization of Stoney Burke.
Lord was considered for Eliot Ness in The Untouchables before Robert Stack won the role.[22] Ironically, he appeared in the Season One episode "The Jake Lingle Killing." In 1965 he guest-starred as Colonel 'Pres' Gallagher in second-season episode 5, "Big Brother" of 12 O-Clock High. Other television guest appearances include Appointment with Adventure, The Americans, Bonanza, The High Chaparral, Combat!, The Man from U.N.C.L.E., The Reporter starring Harry Guardino, The Fugitive, The Invaders, Rawhide, Ironside, and The F.B.I.
Lord appeared on the first episode of Have Gun, Will Travel. In 1968, Lord appeared with Susan Strasberg in the film The Name of the Game Is Kill.[23]
According to William Shatner,[24] in 1966, Gene Roddenberry offered Lord the role of Captain James T. Kirk on Star Trek, to replace Jeffrey Hunter, whose wife was making too many demands. Lord asked for 50 percent ownership of the show, so Roddenberry offered the role to Shatner.
Hawaii Five-O[edit]
Lord in 1974.
Jack Lord helped conceive Hawaii Five-O and starred for its 12 seasons as Detective Stephen McGarrett, appointed by the Governor to head the (fictional) State Police criminal investigation department in Honolulu, Hawaii.[25] The opening sequence includes a shot of Lord standing on a penthouse balcony of The Ilikai hotel. Chin Ho Kelly,[26] the name of the police detective played by Kam Fong, was a tip-of-the-hat to Ilikai developer Chinn Ho. Lord's catchphrase, "Book 'em, Danno!",[25] became a part of pop culture. He was instrumental in the casting of native Hawaiians, instead of mainland actors.[25] Lord insisted his character drive Ford vehicles; McGarrett drove a 1967 Mercury Park Lane in the pilot, a 1968 Park Lane from 1968–1974, and a 1974 Mercury Marquis for the remainder of the series (this very car was shown in the 2010 remake).[27] Lord was a perfectionist. At the airing of its last episode, Hawaii Five-O was the longest-running cop show in television history.
When series creator Leonard Freeman died in 1974, the show's ownership was shared among Lord, CBS and Freeman's estate,[25] with a contract that made Lord executive producer and gave him complete control over content. He was a hands-on partner who paid attention to minute details,[8] and was known for battles with network executives.
Artist[edit]
During his years at NYU, Lord and his brother Bill opened the Village Academy of Arts.[2] Jack's childhood dream was to become an artist. His first professional sale was in 1941 to the Metropolitan Museum of Art for his two linoleum cuts, entitled Vermont and Fishing Shacks, Block Island.[1]
Personal life[edit]
Lord's first marriage to Anne Willard ended in divorce in 1947.[1] Lord met his son (from his first marriage) only once when the boy was an infant. The boy was later killed in an accident at age 13.[27]
Jack met his second wife while house hunting in upstate New York.[28] On January 17, 1949, Lord married Marie de Narde,[2] who gave up her career in fashion design to devote her life to him. Marie designed Lord's off-camera wardrobe, as well as her own.
Lord was a chain-smoker who failed at traditional methods of quitting. According to Lord, it was his faith in God that broke his habit.[8] Lord and a friend visited a Catholic church where both knelt while Lord promised God he would stop smoking.
Lord was known for being a cultured man who loved reading poetry out loud on the set of his television show and for being reclusive[8] at his Honolulu home.
Popular culture[edit]
Cinematographers sometimes refer to a 50mm lens ("5-0") as a "Jack Lord" in reference to the name of the show that made him famous.[29]
Actress Traci Lords chose that stage name because he was the first man to make her "hot."[30]
Death[edit]
After his series ended in 1980, Lord kept a low profile, rarely making public appearances. His final TV appearance was that same year in a failed pilot for a new CBS series called M Station: Hawaii which he also directed. Lord suffered from Alzheimer's disease for seven years before his death.[31][32] He died of congestive heart failure at his home in Honolulu, on January 21, 1998, at age 77, leaving an estate of $40 million. He was a philanthropist and the entire estate went to Hawaiian charities upon his wife Marie's death in 2005.[33]
Lord's death was not widely covered by the media; accordingly, Randy Cassingham used this as the start of his Honorary Unsubscribe featurette in his online newsletter This is True.[34]
Memorial[edit]
A bronze bust of Lord by Hawaii sculptor Lynn Weiler Liverton was unveiled in a ceremony at the Kahala Mall on June 19, 2004. The Lords lived in a condominium in the Kahala area, and they were known to frequent the neighborhood mall. The nonprofit Jack Lord Memorial Fund, which raised the money for the memorial, was co-chaired by British Hawaii Five-O fan Esperanza Isaac and Lord's co-star Doug Mossman.[35][36]
Filmography[edit]
Film
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1949
The Red Menace aka Project X John Bates
1950
Cry Murder Tommy Warren Associate producer
1950
The Tattooed Stranger Det. Deke Del Vecchio Uncredited
1955
The Court-Martial of Billy Mitchell Lt. Cmdr. Zachary "Zack" Lansdowne
1956
The Vagabond King Ferrebouc
1957
Tip on a Dead Jockey Jimmy Heldon
1957
Williamsburg: the Story of a Patriot John Fry
1958
The True Story of Lynn Stuart Willie Down
1958
God's Little Acre Buck Walden
1958
Man of the West Coaley Tobin
1959
The Hangman Johnny Bishop
1960
Walk Like a Dragon Lincoln "Linc" Bartlett
1962
Dr. No Felix Leiter
1967
The Ride to Hangman's Tree Guy Russell
1968
The Name of the Game Is Kill Symcha Lipa
1968
The Counterfeit Killer Don Owens
1996
Jerry Maguire Det. Capt. Steve McGarrett Uncredited
Archive footage
2000
Screwed Det. Capt. Steve McGarrett Uncredited
Archive footage
Television
Year
Title
Role
Episode title/Notes
1954
Man Against Crime "The Chinese Dolls"
1954
Suspense "String"
1955
Danger "Season for Murder"
1955
Armstrong Circle Theatre "Buckskin"
1955
Appointment with Adventure Bill "Five in Judgment
1955
The Elgin Hour Lieutenant Davis "Combat Medics"
1956
The Philco Television Playhouse "This Land Is Mine"
1956
Omnibus "One Nation"
1956
Westinghouse Studio One Paul Chester "An Incident of Love"
1956
Westinghouse Studio One Matt "A Day Before Battle"
1957
Conflict "Pattern for Violence"
1957
Climax! Charlie Mullaney "Mr. Runyon of Broadway"
1957
Have Gun – Will Travel Dave Enderby "Three Bells to Perdido"
1957
Gunsmoke Myles Brandell
Nate Brandell "Doc's Reward"
1957
Playhouse 90 Jim Kester "Lone Woman"
1958
Playhouse 90 Homer Aswell "Reunion"
1958
U.S. Marshal Matt Bonner "Sentenced to Death"
1958
The Millionaire Lee Randolph "The Lee Randolph Story"
1959
Rawhide Blake "Incident of the Calico Gun"
1959
The Loretta Young Show Joe "Marriage Crisis"
1959
The Untouchables Bill Hagen "The Jake Lingle Killing"
1959
The Lineup Army Armitage "The Strange Return of Army Armitage"
1959
Alcoa Presents: One Step Beyond Dan Gardner "Father Image"
1960
Bonanza Clay Renton "The Outcast"
1960
Naked City Cary Glennon "The Human Trap"
1961
Route 66 Gabe Johnson "Play It Glissando"
1961
The Americans Charlie Goodwin "Half Moon Road"
1961
Outlaws Jim Houston "The Bell"
1961
Stagecoach West Russ Doty "House of Violence"
1961
Stagecoach West Johnny Kane "The Butcher"
1961
Rawhide Paul Evans "Incident of His Brother's Keeper"
1961
Cain's Hundred Wilt Farrell "Dead Load"
1962
Checkmate Ernie Chapin "The Star System"
1962
Here's Hollywood Himself May 18, 1962
1962–1963
Stoney Burke Stoney Burke 32 episodes
1964
Dr. Kildare Dr. Frank Michaels "A Willing Suspension of Disbelief"
1964
The Greatest Show on Earth Wally Walker "Man in a Hole"
1964
The Reporter Nick Castle "How Much for a Prince?"
1965
Wagon Train Lee Barton "The Echo Pass Story"
1965
Kraft Suspense Theatre Paul Campbell "The Long Ravine"
1965
The Loner Reverend Mr. Booker "The Vespers"
1965
Combat! Barney McKlosky "The Linesman"
1965
Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre Abe Perez "The Crime"
1965
Twelve O'Clock High Lt. Col. Preston Gallagher "Big Brother"
1966
Laredo Jab Harlan "Above the Law"
1966
Twelve O'Clock High Col. Yates "Face of a Shadow"
1966
The F.B.I. Frank Andreas Shroeder "Collison Course"
1966
The Virginian Roy Dallman "High Stakes"
1966
Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre Don Owens "The Faceless Man"
1966
Bob Hope Presents the Chrysler Theatre Harry Marcus "Storm Crossing"
1966
The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson Himself
1966
The Doomsday Flight Special Agent Frank Thompson Television film
1967
The Invaders George Vikor "Vikor"
1967
The Fugitive Alan Bartlett "Goodbye My Love"
1967
Ironside John Trask "Dead Man's Tale"
1967
The Man from U.N.C.L.E. Pharos Mandor "The Master's Touch"
1968
The High Chaparral Dan Brookes "The Kinsman"
1968–1980
Hawaii Five-O Det. Capt. Steve McGarrett 281 episodes
1969
The Mike Douglas Show Himself
1969
The Ed Sullivan Show Himself Audience bow
1978
30th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards Himself
1979
Good Morning America Himself
1980
The Whales That Wouldn't Die Narrator
1980
M Station: Hawaii Admiral Henderson Television film
Director
Executive producer
Final on-screen role (final film role)
1999
The James Bond Story Felix Leiter Archive footage
2007
La tele de tu vida Det. Capt. Steve McGarrett Archive footage
2016
Hawaii Five-0 (2010 TV series) Steve McGarrett Episode "Makaukau 'oe e Pa'ani?" / "Ready to Play?",
CG effects,
Body double Ken Matepi,
Voiced by Cam Clarke
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d Day, Carol (9 February 1998). "Stranger in Paradise". People. 49 (5).
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "About Jack Lord, Actor and Artist". The Richmond Hill Historical Society. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "Book 'em Danno-Jack Lord Dies". Star-News. 23 January 1998.
^ Jump up to: a b Mifflin, Lawrie (23 January 1998). "Jack Lord, 77, Helped Direct And Starred In 'Hawaii Five-O". The New York Times.
Jump up ^ Peterson, B (12 January 1992). "Jack Lord Remained in Hawaii to Paint". The Buffalo News.
Jump up ^ Laurent, Lawrence (1 July 1973). "Jack Lord Finds Heaven in Hawaii". The Toledo Blade.
Jump up ^ Rawlins, Michael R (2003). The Last American Sailors: A Wild Ride in the Modern Merchant Marine. IUniverse. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-595-30117-1.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Laurent, Lawrence (16 January 1972). "No Resting, Coasting for Lord". Sarasota Herald-Tribune.
^ Jump up to: a b Vallance, Tom (23 January 1998). "Obituary: Jack Lord". The Independent-UK.
Jump up ^ Brode, Douglas; Parker, Fess (2009). Shooting Stars of the Small Screen: Encyclopedia of TV Western Actors, 1946–present. University of Texas Press. p. 204. ISBN 978-0-292-71849-4.
Jump up ^ "The Traveling Lady". Internet Broadway Database. Retrieved 23 May 2010.
Jump up ^ Krampner, Jon (2006). Female Brando: The Legend of Kim Stanley. Back Stage Books. p. 87. ISBN 978-0-8230-8847-8.
Jump up ^ "Theatre World Awards". Theatre World Awards. Retrieved 23 May 2010.
Jump up ^ "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof". Internet Broadway Database. Retrieved 23 May 2010.
Jump up ^ "Jack Lord Obit". Theatre World: 252. 1997–1998.
Jump up ^ "Williamsburg: the Story of a Patriot". History.org. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
Jump up ^ Jarlett, Franklin (1977). Robert Ryan: A Biography and Critical Filmography. McFarland & Company. p. 233. ISBN 978-0-7864-0476-6.
Jump up ^ The Staff and Friends of Scarecrow (2004). The Scarecrow Video Movie Guide. Sasquatch Books. p. 569. ISBN 978-1-57061-415-6.
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Lee The Richard Maibaum Interview p.26 Starlog #68 March 1983
Jump up ^ Jackson, Ronald (2008). 50 Years Of The Television Western. AuthorHouse. p. 290. ISBN 978-1-4343-5925-4.
Jump up ^ Allen, Michael (1998). Rodeo Cowboys In The North American Imagination. University of Nevada Press. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-87417-315-4.
Jump up ^ Tucker, Kenneth (2000). Eliot Ness and the Untouchables: The Historical Reality and the Film and Television Depictions. McFarland & Company. p. 49. ISBN 978-0-7864-0772-9.
Jump up ^ Lisanti, Tom (2010). Fantasy Femmes of Sixties Cinema: Interviews With 20 Actresses from Biker, Beach, and Elvis Movies. McFarland & Company. p. 274. ISBN 978-0-7864-6101-1.
Jump up ^ Shatner, William; Fisher, David (2009). Up Till Now: The Autobiography. St. Martin's Griffin. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-312-56163-5.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Taylor, Philip M; Roberts, Graham (2005). The Historian, Television, and Television History. University Of Luton Press. pp. 77–94. ISBN 978-1-86020-586-6.
Jump up ^ Rhodes, Karen (1997). Booking Hawaii Five-O : An Episode Guide and Critical History of the 1968–1980 Television Detective Series. McFarland & Company. p. 31. ISBN 978-0-7864-0171-0.
^ Jump up to: a b Peck, Michael. "TV Guide-Our Take". TV Guide. TV Guide (28 July 2005).
Jump up ^ Hanneman, Mufi (October 15, 2014). "The Jack Lord Only His Secretary Knew". Midweek. Honolulu Star Advertiser.
Jump up ^ "A-Z Guide of Film Production Terms". Kinema. 2008.
Jump up ^ Traci Lords on IMDb
Jump up ^ Fernandez, Collin (13 December 2007). "My battle with Alzheimer's". Daily Mail.
Jump up ^ Donnelley, Paul (2003). Fade to Black: A Book of Movie Obituaries. Omnibus Press. pp. 434, 435. ISBN 978-0711995123.
Jump up ^ Daysog, Rick (22 January 2006). "From Jack and Marie Lord, a parting gift of $40 million". Honolulu Advertiser.
Jump up ^ "About Honorary Unsubscribe". Honorary Unsubscribe. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Ryan, Tim (17 June 2004). "Busted!". Honolulu Advertiser.
Jump up ^ "Jack Lord Statue". Hawaii Five-O Fan Club. Retrieved 23 May 2010.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jack Lord.
Jack Lord on IMDb
Jack Lord at the Internet Broadway Database
Jack Lord at the University of Wisconsin's Actors Studio audio collection
Jack Lord at Find a Grave
Jack Lord early in career; NYP Library
Jack Lord Website—A comprehensive Website on Jack Lord
Preceded by
None Felix Leiter actor
1962 Succeeded by
Cec Linder
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 69140759
LCCN: n81064607
ISNI: 0000 0001 1493 1242
BNF: cb14200383d (data)
IATH: w6mm9916
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jack_Lord&oldid=807042729"
Categories:
1920 births
1998 deaths
20th-century American male actors
American male film actors
American male television actors
American military personnel of World War II
American people of Irish descent
Male actors from New York City
New York University alumni
Western (genre) television actors
Hidden categories:
Articles with hCards
Articles with IBDb links
Find a Grave template with ID same as Wikidata
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers
Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Asturianu
Čeština
Deutsch
Ελληνικά
Español
فارسی
Français
Հայերեն
Italiano
עברית
Nederlands
日本語
Polski
Português
Русский
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
Edit links
This page was last edited on 25 October 2017, at 14:47.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

value: mw-page-base noprint

value: mw-head-base noprint

value: firstHeading firstHeading en

value: siteSub noprint

value: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value:
/wiki/Congestive_heart_failure
mw-redirect
Congestive heart failure

value: Saint Benedict Joseph Labre Church (Queens, New York)

value:
/wiki/Ozone_Park,_New_York
mw-redirect
Ozone Park, New York

value:
/wiki/Able_Seaman_(occupation)
mw-redirect
Able Seaman (occupation)

value:
/wiki/Neighborhood_Playhouse
mw-redirect
Neighborhood Playhouse

value:
/wiki/James_Bond_(film_series)
mw-redirect
James Bond (film series)

value:
/wiki/Ironside_(TV_series)
mw-redirect
Ironside (TV series)

value:
/wiki/Have_Gun,_Will_Travel
mw-redirect
Have Gun, Will Travel

value:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

value:
/wiki/Associate_producer
mw-redirect
Associate producer

value:
/wiki/Suspense_(US_TV_series)
mw-redirect
Suspense (US TV series)

value:
/wiki/The_Loretta_Young_Show
mw-redirect
The Loretta Young Show

value: The Whales That Wouldn't Die (page does not exist)

value: Hawaii Five-0 (2010 TV series, season 7)

value:
nofollow
external text
http://www.ibdb.com/person.php?id=50101

value:
nofollow
http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000183/
external text

value:
nofollow
external text
http://www.hawaiifive0.org/statue.shtml

value: -moz-column-width: 20em; -webkit-column-width: 20em; column-width: 20em; list-style-type: decimal;

value:
nofollow
http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0520437/
external text

value:
nofollow
external text
https://www.ibdb.com/Person/View/50101

attr: alt src width height style srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value:
/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin
mw-redirect
University of Wisconsin

value:
nofollow
external text
http://www.jack-lord.info

value:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/69140759

value:
nofollow
external text
http://isni.org/isni/0000000114931242

value: Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities

value: Category:20th-century American male actors

value: Category:American male television actors

value: Category:American military personnel of World War II

value: Category:American people of Irish descent

value: Category:Western (genre) television actors

value: Category:Find a Grave template with ID same as Wikidata

value: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

value: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

value: Category:Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers

value: Category:Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers

value: Category:Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers

value: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

value: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

value: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

value: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

value:
/wiki/Jack_Lord
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

value: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

value: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

value:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

value: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

value: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

value:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

value:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

value:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

value: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

value: Find background information on current events

value:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

value: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

value: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

value: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

value: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

value: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

value: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

value: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

value:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

value: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

value: Permanent link to this revision of the page

value: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

value: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

value: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

value:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

value:
https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Lord
Jack Lord – Czech
cs
cs
interlanguage-link-target

value:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Lord
Jack Lord – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

value: Τζακ Λορντ – Greek

value:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Lord
Jack Lord – Spanish
es
es
interlanguage-link-target

value:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Lord
Jack Lord – French
fr
fr
interlanguage-link-target

value: Ջեք Լորդ – Armenian

value:
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Lord
Jack Lord – Italian
it
it
interlanguage-link-target

value: ג'ק לורד – Hebrew

value:
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Lord
Jack Lord – Dutch
nl
nl
interlanguage-link-target

value: ジャック・ロード – Japanese

value:
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Lord
Jack Lord – Polish
pl
pl
interlanguage-link-target

value:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Lord
Jack Lord – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

value: Джек Лорд – Russian

value: interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle

value:
https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Lord
Jack Lord – Serbo-Croatian
sh
sh
interlanguage-link-target

value:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Lord
Jack Lord – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

value:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Lord
Jack Lord – Swedish
sv
sv
interlanguage-link-target

value: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Jack_Lord rootpage-Jack_Lord vector-experimental-print-styles vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view


text:
Uniform Crime Reports
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Common name
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Abbreviation
FBI
Seal of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
[show]agency information
Badge of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
Flag of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
Motto
Fidelity, Bravery, Integrity
Agency overview
Formed
July 26, 1908; 109 years ago (1908-07-26)
Employees
35,104[1] (October 31, 2014)
Annual budget
US$8.3 billion (FY 2014)[1]
Legal personality
Governmental: Government agency
Jurisdictional structure
Federal agency
(Operations jurisdiction)
United States
Legal jurisdiction
As per operations jurisdiction.
Governing body
U.S. Department of Justice
Constituting instrument
United States Code Title 28 Part II Chapter 33
General nature
Federal law enforcement
Civilian agency
Operational structure
Headquarters
J. Edgar Hoover Building
Northwest, Washington, D.C.
Sworn members
13,260 (October 31, 2014)[1]
Agency executives
Christopher Wray, Director
Andrew G. McCabe, Deputy Director
List of FBI Directors, Other directors
Child agencies
FBI Academy
FBI Laboratory
Criminal Justice Information Services (CJIS)
Critical Incident Response Group (CIRG)
Counterterrorism Division (CTD)
FBI Police (FBIP)
Major units
5[show]
Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU)
Law Enforcement Bulletin Unit (LEBU)
Hostage Rescue Team (FBI) (HRT)
Joint Terrorism Task Force (JTTF)
FBI Police
National Security Branch (NSB)
Field offices
56 (List of FBI Field Offices)
[show]Notables
People
John Edgar Hoover, Director, for being the founding director
William Mark Felt, former Federal Agent, for whistle blowing, Watergate scandal
Joseph Leo Gormley, Forensic Scientist, for expert testimony
Significant Operations
COINTELPRO
Special Intelligence Service
Website
www.fbi.gov
view
talk
edit
The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) compiles official data on crime in the United States, published by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). UCR is "a nationwide, cooperative statistical effort of nearly 18,000 city, university and college, county, state, tribal, and federal law enforcement agencies voluntarily reporting data on crimes brought to their attention".[2]
Crime statistics are compiled from UCR data and published annually by the FBI in the Crime in the United States series.
The FBI does not collect the data itself. Rather, law enforcement agencies across the United States provide the data to the FBI, which then compiles the Reports.
The Uniform Crime Reports program began in 1930, and since then has become an important source of crime information for law enforcement, policymakers, scholars, and the media. The UCR Program consists of four parts:
Traditional Summary Reporting System (SRS) and the National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS) – Offense and arrest data
Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted (LEOKA) Program
Hate Crime Statistics Program – hate crimes
Cargo Theft Reporting Program – cargo theft
The FBI publishes annual data from these collections in Crime in the United States, Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted, and Hate Crime Statistics.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Data collection
3 UCR crime categories
4 Advisory groups
5 Limitations
6 See also
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
History[edit]
The UCR Program was based upon work by the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) and the Social Science Research Council (SSRC)[3] throughout the 1920s to create a uniform national set of crime statistics, reliable for analysis. In 1927, the IACP created the Committee on Uniform Crime Reporting to determine statistics for national comparisons. The committee determined seven crimes fundamental to comparing crime rates: murder and non-negligent manslaughter, forcible rape, burglary, aggravated assault, larceny and motor vehicle theft (the eighth, arson, was added under a congressional directive in 1979). The early program was managed by the IACP, prior to FBI involvement, done through a monthly report. The first report in January 1930 reported data from 400 cities throughout 43 states, covering more than 20 million individuals, approximately twenty percent of the total U.S. population.[4]
On June 11, 1930, through IACP lobbying, the United States Congress passed legislation enacting 28 U.S.C. § 534, which granted the office of the Attorney General the ability to "acquire, collect, classify, and preserve identification, criminal identification, crime, and other records" with the ability to appoint officials to oversee this duty, including the subordinate members of the Bureau of Investigation. The Attorney General, in turn, designated the FBI to serve as the national clearinghouse for the data collected, and the FBI assumed responsibility for managing the UCR Program in September 1930. The July 1930 issue of the IACP crime report announced the FBI’s takeover of the program. While the IACP discontinued oversight of the program, they continued to advise the FBI to better the UCR.
Since 1935, the FBI served as a data clearinghouse; organizing, collecting, and disseminating information voluntarily submitted by local, state, federal and tribal law enforcement agencies. The UCR remained the primary tool for collection and analysis of data for the next half century. Throughout the 1980s, a series of National UCR Conferences were with members from the IACP, Department of Justice, including the FBI, and newly formed Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). The purpose was to determine necessary system revisions and then implement them. The result of these conferences was the release of a Blueprint for the Future of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program release in May 1985, detailing the necessary revisions. The report proposed splitting reported data into two separate categories, the eight serious crimes (which later became known as "Part I index crimes") and 21 less commonly reported crimes (which later became known as "Part II index crimes").
In 2003, FBI UCR data were compiled from more than 16,000 agencies, representing 93 percent of the population[5] in 46 states and the District of Columbia.[6] While nationally reporting is not mandated, many states have instituted laws requiring law enforcement within those states to provide UCR data.
Data collection[edit]
Each month, law enforcement agencies report the number of known index crimes in their jurisdiction to the FBI. This mainly includes crimes reported to the police by the general public, but may also include crimes that police officers discover, and known through other sources. Law enforcement agencies also report the number of crime cases cleared.
UCR crime categories[edit]
FBI Crime Clock – 2014
Violent and Property Crime Indexes per 100,000 population, 2004 Uniform Crime Report
For reporting purposes, criminal offenses are divided into two major groups: Part I offenses and Part II offenses.
In Part I, the UCR indexes reported incidents of index crimes which are broken into two categories: violent and property crimes. Aggravated assault, forcible rape, murder, and robbery are classified as violent while arson, burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft are classified as property crimes. These are reported via the document named Return A – Monthly Return of Offenses Known to the Police. Part 1 crimes are collectively known as Index crimes, this name is used because the crimes are considered quite serious, tend to be reported more reliably than others, and are reported directly to the police and not to a separate agency (ex- IRS) that doesn't necessarily contribute to the UCR.
In Part II, the following categories are tracked: simple assault, curfew offenses and loitering, embezzlement, forgery and counterfeiting, disorderly conduct, driving under the influence, drug offenses, fraud, gambling, liquor offenses, offenses against the family, prostitution, public drunkenness, runaways, sex offenses, stolen property, vandalism, vagrancy, and weapons offenses.
Two property reports are also included with the Return A. The first is the Property Stolen by Classification report. This report details the number of actual crimes of each type in the Return A and the monetary value of property stolen in conjunction with that crime. Some offenses are reported in greater detail on this report than on the Return A. For example, on the Report A, burglaries are divided into three categories: Forcible Entry, Unlawful Entry – No Force, and Attempted Forcible Entry. On the Property Stolen by Classification report, burglaries are divided into six categories based on location type and the time of the offense. Offenses are counted in residences with offense times of 6 p.m. to 6 a.m., 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. and Unknown Time and Non-residences with the same three time groupings.
The second property report is the Property Stolen by Type and Value report. The monetary value of both stolen and recovered property are totaled and classified as one of eleven property types:
Currency, Notes, Etc.
Jewelry and Precious Metals
Clothing and Furs
Locally Stolen Motor Vehicles
Office Equipment
Televisions, Radios, Stereos, Etc.
Firearms
Household goods
Consumable goods
Livestock
Miscellaneous
The FBI began recording arson rates, as part of the UCR, in 1979. This report details arsons of the following property types:
Single Occupancy Residential (houses, townhouses, duplexes, etc.)
Other Residential (apartments, tenements, flats, hotels, motels, dormitories, etc.)
Storage (barns, garages, warehouses, etc.)
Industrial/Manufacturing
Other Commercial (stores, restaurants, offices, etc.)
Community/Public (churches, jails, schools, colleges, hospitals, etc.)
All Other Structures (out buildings, monuments, buildings under construction, etc.)
Motor Vehicles (automobiles, trucks, buses, motorcycles, etc.)
Other Mobile Property (trailers, recreational vehicles, airplanes, boats, etc.)
Other (crops, timber, fences, signs, etc.)
Advisory groups[edit]
The Criminal Justice Information Systems Committees of the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) and the National Sheriffs' Association (NSA) serve in an advisory capacity to the UCR Program and encourage local police departments and sheriff's departments to participate fully in the program.
In 1988, a Data Providers' Advisory Policy Board was established to provide input for UCR matters. The Board operated until 1993 when it combined with the National Crime Information Center Advisory Policy Board to form a single Advisory Policy Board (APB) to address all issues regarding the FBI's criminal justice information services. In addition, the Association of State UCR Programs (ASUCRP) focuses on UCR issues within individual state law enforcement associations and promotes interest in the UCR Program. These organizations foster widespread and responsible use of UCR statistics and assist data contributors when needed.
Limitations[edit]
The UCR itself warns that it reflects crime reports by police, not later adjudication.
Also, not all states require municipalities to report data, making the crime statistics under-reported in UCR reports
Comparing arrests, reports and unknown violent crime
See also[edit]
National Crime Victimization Survey
Uniform Crime Reporting Handbook
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Frequently Asked Questions". Federal Bureau of Investigation. Retrieved 2016-09-02.
Jump up ^ "Summary of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program". .fbi.gov. 1987-09-30. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
Jump up ^ Lawrence Rosen, The Creation of the Uniform Crime Report, Social Science History 19:2 (Summer 1995):215–238.
Jump up ^ Crime in the United States 2000. (PDF). Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Justice. Washington, D.C.. Retrieved on 30 March 2008. Archived on 14 April 2010.
Jump up ^ Frequently Asked Questions. Federal Bureau of Investigation, U.S. Department of Justice. Washington, D.C.. Uniform Crime Reports. Retrieved on 2008-03-30.
Jump up ^ UCR and NIBRS Participation. U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics. Washington, D.C. Retrieved on 2008-03-30.[dead link]
Further reading[edit]
Lynch, J. P., & Addington, L. A. (2007). Understanding crime statistics: revisiting the divergence of the NCVS and UCR. Cambridge studies in criminology. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521862042
External links[edit]
Uniform Crime Reports, all years (official)
Uniform Crime Report Statistics Graphed
Uniform Crime Reporting Handbook (FBI)
United States: Uniform Crime Report – State Statistics from 1960 to 2005
Uniform Crime Reports, all years (ICPSR)
Officer Survival Spotlight - Officer Perception and Assault Prevention FBI
[show]
v
t
e
Agencies under the United States Department of Justice
Headquarters: Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building
Jeff Sessions, Attorney General
Rod Rosenstein, Deputy Attorney General
Deputy
Attorneys
General
Justice Management Division
Criminal Division
National Security Division
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
Drug Enforcement Administration
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Federal Bureau of Prisons
National Institute of Corrections
United States Marshals Service
Executive Office for Immigration Review
Office of Attorney Recruitment and Management
Office of the Federal Detention Trustee
Office of the Pardon Attorney
Office of Privacy and Civil Liberties
Office of Professional Responsibility
Office on Sexual Violence and Crimes against Children
Office of Tribal Justice
Professional Responsibility Advisory Office
United States Attorneys
INTERPOL, U.S. National Central Bureau
United States Parole Commission
Office of Legal Counsel
Associate
Attorneys
General
Office of Justice Programs
Office of Dispute Resolution
Office on Violence Against Women
Community Oriented Policing Services
Office of Information Policy
Foreign Claims Settlement Commission
Antitrust Division
Civil Division
Civil Rights Division
Environment and Natural Resources Division
Tax Division
United States Trustee Program
Community Relations Service
Office of Legal Policy
Assistant
Attorneys
General
Antitrust Division
Civil Division
Civil Rights Division
Criminal Division
National Security Division
Environmental and Natural Resources Division
Justice Management Division
Tax Division
Office of Legal Counsel
Office of Legal Policy
Office of Legislative Affairs
Office of Justice Programs
Solicitor General
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Crime_Reports&oldid=803651464"
Categories:
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Law enforcement databases in the United States
United States Department of Justice publications
Crime statistics
Works of criminology
Hidden categories:
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from April 2017
Pages using infobox law enforcement with automatic label pluralization
Pages using infobox law enforcement agency with unknown parameters
Pages using infobox law enforcement agency with infotype
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Deutsch
Nederlands
Sicilianu
Edit links
This page was last edited on 3 October 2017, at 20:17.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view

tag: div

attr: id class

value: mw-page-base noprint

key: html

type: local

value: mw-head-base noprint

tag: a

attr: id class lang

value: firstHeading firstHeading en

value: siteSub noprint

value: jump-to-nav mw-jump

tag: span

tag: th

attr: colspan style

tag: tr

tag: td

tag: img

attr: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value: Seal of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.svg

attr: href class

attr: href title

value: Symbols of the Federal Bureau of Investigation

value: Badge of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.png

attr: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value: Flag of the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation.svg

value: text-align:center;background:#efefef; border-top:solid 1px #aaa;

value:
/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Justice
mw-redirect
U.S. Department of Justice

value: Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation

value:
/wiki/Andrew_G._McCabe
mw-redirect
Andrew G. McCabe

value: Deputy Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation

value:
/wiki/List_of_FBI_Directors
mw-redirect
List of FBI Directors

value: Criminal Justice Information Services Division

value:
/wiki/Critical_Incident_Response_Group
mw-redirect
Critical Incident Response Group

value: font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;

value:
/wiki/Hostage_Rescue_Team_(FBI)
mw-redirect
Hostage Rescue Team (FBI)

value:
/wiki/National_Security_Branch
mw-redirect
National Security Branch

value: list-style: none none; margin-left: 0px; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: inherit; display: none;

value:
NavFrame collapsed
border: none; padding: 0;
NavFrame1

value:
/wiki/List_of_FBI_Field_Offices
mw-redirect
List of FBI Field Offices

value: text-align:center;padding-left:4.5em; background:#efefef; border-top:solid 1px #aaa;

value:
/wiki/John_Edgar_Hoover
mw-redirect
John Edgar Hoover

value:
/wiki/W._Mark_Felt
mw-redirect
W. Mark Felt

value:
/wiki/Forensic_Scientist
mw-redirect
Forensic Scientist

value:
nofollow
https://www.fbi.gov/
external text

value: Template:Federal Bureau of Investigation

value: Template talk:Federal Bureau of Investigation

value: border-top:1px solid #aaa; width:100%;text-align:center;

value: border-spacing:0; width:100%; background-color:#f9f9f9; border-top:solid 1px #aaa;

value:
/wiki/Federally_recognized_tribes
mw-redirect
Federally recognized tribes

value: National Incident Based Reporting System

value: International Association of Chiefs of Police

value:
/wiki/District_of_Columbia
mw-redirect
District of Columbia

value:
/wiki/Aggravated_assault
mw-redirect
Aggravated assault

value:
/wiki/Public_drunkenness
mw-redirect
Public drunkenness

value:
/wiki/Office_equipment
mw-redirect
Office equipment

value:
nofollow
external text
https://www.fbi.gov/about/faqs

value:
nofollow
external text
https://www.fbi.gov/ucr/ucrquest.htm

value:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

value: Template:United States Department of Justice

value: Template talk:United States Department of Justice

value: Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building

value: United States Department of Justice Justice Management Division

value: United States Department of Justice Criminal Division

value: United States Department of Justice National Security Division

value: Office of Attorney Recruitment and Management

value: Office of Privacy and Civil Liberties (page does not exist)

value: Office on Sexual Violence and Crimes against Children (page does not exist)

value: Office of Tribal Justice (page does not exist)

value: Professional Responsibility Advisory Office (page does not exist)

value:
navbox-image
3
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

value: United States Associate Attorney General

value: Office of Dispute Resolution (page does not exist)

value: Office of Information Policy (page does not exist)

value: United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division

value: United States Department of Justice Civil Division

value: United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division

value: United States Department of Justice Environment and Natural Resources Division

value: United States Department of Justice Tax Division

value: United States Assistant Attorney General

value: U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legislative Affairs

value: nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

value: Category:Federal Bureau of Investigation

value: Category:Law enforcement databases in the United States

value: Category:United States Department of Justice publications

value: Category:All articles with dead external links

value: Category:Articles with dead external links from April 2017

value: Category:Pages using infobox law enforcement with automatic label pluralization

value: Category:Pages using infobox law enforcement agency with unknown parameters

value: Category:Pages using infobox law enforcement agency with infotype

value: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

value: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

value: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

value: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

value:
/wiki/Uniform_Crime_Reports
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

value: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

value: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

value:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

value: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

value: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

value:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

value:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

value:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

value: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

value: Find background information on current events

value:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

value: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

value: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

value: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

value: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

value: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

value: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

value: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

value:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

value: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

value: Permanent link to this revision of the page

value: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

value:
https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamentu
Lamentu – Sicilian
scn
scn
interlanguage-link-target

value: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

value: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

value:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

value: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Uniform_Crime_Reports rootpage-Uniform_Crime_Reports vector-experimental-print-styles vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view


text:
Shaken, not stirred
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the catchphrase. For other uses, see Shaken, not stirred (disambiguation).
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
A vodka martini
"Shaken, not stirred" is a catchphrase of Ian Fleming's fictional British Secret Service agent James Bond and describes his preference for the preparation of his martini cocktails.
The phrase first appears in the novel Diamonds Are Forever (1956), though Bond himself does not actually say it until Dr. No (1958), where his exact words are "shaken and not stirred." In the film adaptations of Fleming's novels, the phrase is first uttered by the villain, Dr. Julius No, when he offers the drink in Dr. No (1962), and it is not uttered by Bond himself (played by Sean Connery) until Goldfinger (1964). It is used in numerous Bond films thereafter with the notable exceptions of You Only Live Twice (1967), in which the drink is wrongly offered as "stirred, not shaken", to Bond's response "that's right", and Casino Royale (2006) in which Bond, after losing millions of dollars in a game of poker, is asked if he wants his martini shaken or stirred and snaps, "Do I look like I give a damn?"
Contents
[hide]
1 Variations in the Bond novels and films
1.1 Novels
1.2 Film
1.2.1 Sean Connery
1.2.2 George Lazenby
1.2.3 Roger Moore
1.2.4 Timothy Dalton
1.2.5 Pierce Brosnan
1.2.6 Daniel Craig
2 Purpose of shaking
3 Other 007 drinking habits
3.1 Spirits
3.2 Wines
3.3 Others
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Variations in the Bond novels and films[edit]
Novels[edit]
The earliest form of the "shaken, not stirred" motif appears in the first Bond novel, Casino Royale (1953). After meeting his CIA contact Felix Leiter for the first time, Bond orders a drink from a barman while at the casino.
'A dry martini,' he said. 'One. In a deep champagne goblet.'
'Oui, monsieur.'
'Just a moment. Three measures of Gordon's, one of vodka, half a measure of Kina Lillet. Shake it very well until it's ice-cold, then add a large thin slice of lemon peel. Got it?'
'Certainly monsieur.' The barman seemed pleased with the idea.
'Gosh, that's certainly a drink,' said Leiter.
Bond laughed. 'When I'm ... er ... concentrating,' he explained, 'I never have more than one drink before dinner. But I do like that one to be large and very strong and very cold, and very well made. I hate small portions of anything, particularly when they taste bad. This drink's my own invention. I'm going to patent it when I think of a good name.'
—  Casino Royale, Chapter 7: Rouge et Noir[1]
The drink will later be referred to as a "Vesper", after the original Bond girl, Vesper Lynd. A Vesper differs from Bond's usual cocktail of choice, the martini, in that it uses both gin and vodka, Kina Lillet instead of vermouth, and lemon peel instead of an olive. In the same scene Bond gives more details about the Vesper, telling the same barman that vodka made from grain instead of potatoes makes the drink even better. Kina Lillet is no longer available,[2] but can be approximated[3] by using the sweeter Lillet Blanc along with a dash of Angostura Bitters. Another Kina (or quinine) apertif which has the bite and approximate flavour is Cocchi Americano. Russian and Polish vodkas were also always preferred by Bond if they were in stock. Although there is a lot of discussion on the Vesper, it is only ordered once throughout Fleming's novels and by later books Bond is ordering regular vodka martinis, though he also drinks regular gin martinis. In total, Bond orders 19 vodka martinis and 16 gin martinis throughout Fleming's novels and short stories.[4]
Film[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The American Film Institute honoured Goldfinger and the phrase on 21 July 2005 by ranking it #90 on a list of best movie quotes in the past 100 years of film.[5]
Sean Connery[edit]
The shaken Martini is mentioned twice in the first Bond film Dr. No (1962). When Bond has presumably ordered a drink from room service to his hotel room, it is mixed by a waiter, who says "one medium dry vodka martini mixed like you said, sir, but not stirred." (A slice of lime was in the bottom of the glass.) Later, Dr. No presents Bond with a drink – "A medium dry martini, lemon peel. Shaken, not stirred."
Bond did not vocally order one himself until Goldfinger (1964). In the 1967 film You Only Live Twice, Bond's contact Henderson prepares a martini for Bond and says, "That's, um, stirred not shaken. That was right, wasn't it?" To which Bond replies politely, "Perfect."
George Lazenby[edit]
In George Lazenby's only film as Bond, On Her Majesty's Secret Service, Bond never actually orders himself a drink, but when he meets Marc-Ange Draco for the first time, Draco tells his assistant, Olympe, to get a dry martini for Bond. Draco then adds, "Shaken, not stirred."
Roger Moore[edit]
Roger Moore's Bond never actually ordered one himself, but has one ordered for him several times, nonetheless. In the 1977 film The Spy Who Loved Me, Anya Amasova orders him one. In Moonraker, his drink is prepared by Manuela. In Octopussy, the title character (Maud Adams) herself greets Bond by mixing his drink.
Timothy Dalton[edit]
Timothy Dalton's Bond ordered his trademark Martini in each of his films. In The Living Daylights he and Kara arrive in Austria where he orders a martini "Shaken, not stirred" shortly after entering their hotel. For his second film, Licence to Kill he doesn't directly order it. Instead, he tells Pam Bouvier what drink he'd like as he plays Blackjack, only to end up disappearing shortly after, leaving Bouvier to down the entire martini in one long gulp.
Pierce Brosnan[edit]
In GoldenEye, Bond orders the drink in a casino while talking with Xenia Onatopp, and later, Zukovsky refers to Bond as a "charming, sophisticated secret agent. Shaken, but not stirred." In Tomorrow Never Dies, Paris Carver orders the drink for Bond after the two meet again after years apart. While Paris' choice of drink had changed, Bond's had not. In The World Is Not Enough, Bond orders the drink in Zukovsky's casino. In Die Another Day, Bond is coming back on a rather turbulent British Airways flight. The air hostess (played by Roger Moore's daughter Deborah) serves him his martini, to which Bond replies, "Luckily I asked for it shaken.". Later in the film, when Bond travels to Gustav Graves' ice palace in Iceland, he orders another martini, sarcastically telling the bartender "Plenty of ice, if you can spare it."
Daniel Craig[edit]
The Vesper was reused in the 2006 film version of Casino Royale, while Bond is playing poker to defeat Le Chiffre. Daniel Craig's Bond ordered the drink, providing great detail about how it should be prepared. The other poker players order the Vesper as well, with Felix Leiter telling the bartender to "Keep the fruit" with his. Later, after Bond loses money to Le Chiffre, he orders another martini, but when the barman asks whether he would like it shaken or stirred, Bond snaps, "Do I look like I give a damn?"
In Quantum of Solace, the bartender on an airplane gives the precise recipe for the Vesper from Fleming's novel Casino Royale, which was a minor anachronism since Kina Lillet was reformulated (removing the Kina) in 1986, 22 years before the film's production. Bond is purported to have drunk six of them.
In Skyfall, when talking to Bond girl Sévérine at a casino bar, the bartender is seen shaking Bond's martini before pouring it, to which Bond comments "perfect".
In Spectre, Bond orders his signature drink in a mountaintop resort, only to be told to his disdain that he is at a health clinic and that the bar does not serve alcohol. Q instead orders Bond an unpleasant-looking green-coloured 'prolytic digestive enzyme shake', and a disgusted Bond asks the barman "Do me a favor, will you? Throw that down the toilet. Cut out the middleman."
Purpose of shaking[edit]
Cocktail shaker
Scientists, specifically biochemists, and martini connoisseurs have investigated the difference between a martini shaken and a martini stirred. The Department of Biochemistry at the University of Western Ontario in Canada conducted a study to determine if the preparation of a martini has an influence on their antioxidant capacity; the study found that the shaken gin martinis were able to break down hydrogen peroxide and leave only 0.072% of the peroxide behind, versus the stirred gin martini, which left behind 0.157% of the peroxide.[6] Thus a shaken martini has more antioxidants than a stirred one. The study was done at the time because moderate consumption of alcohol appears to reduce the risk of cataracts, cardiovascular disease, and stroke.
Andrew Lycett, an Ian Fleming biographer, believed that Fleming liked his martinis shaken, not stirred, because Fleming thought that stirring a drink diminished its flavour. Lycett also noted that Fleming preferred gin and vermouth for his martini.[7] It has also been said that Fleming was a fan of martinis shaken by Hans Schröder, a German bartender.[8][9][10][11]
Harry Craddock's Savoy Cocktail Book (1930) prescribes shaking for all its martini recipes.[12] However, many bartenders insist that any cocktail that involves nothing but transparent ingredients—such as martinis, manhattans, and negronis—must be stirred in order to maintain clarity and texture. Shaking a drink is quite violent and necessarily introduces air bubbles into the mix. This results in a cloudy appearance and a somewhat different texture on the tongue when compared with a stirred drink. However, when any of the ingredients are opaque (such as citrus juices, dairy, or eggs), aesthetically pleasing clarity and texture are not as much of an issue. Furthermore, studies have shown that, while techniques and type of ice used to play a role in the final effect of chilling and diluting a drink, both shaking and stirring can result in chilling the drink with equal effectiveness; stirring takes longer. However, shaking is much faster, and bartenders do not stir long enough to reach the matching temperature and dilution.[13][14] In essence, then, James Bond doesn't seem to care that his martini will be ugly upon presentation, or he might prefer the "shaken" version for its texture, or for its lower alcohol by volume.
Some connoisseurs[who?] believe that shaking gin is a faux pas, supposedly because the shaking "bruises" the gin (a term referring to a slight bitter taste that can allegedly occur when gin is shaken). In Fleming's novel Casino Royale, it is stated that Bond "watched as the deep glass became frosted with the pale golden drink, slightly aerated by the bruising of the shaker," suggesting that Bond was requesting it shaken because of the vodka it contained. Prior to the 1960s, vodka was, for the most part, refined from potatoes (usually cheaper brands). This element made the vodka oily. To disperse the oil, Bond ordered his martinis shaken; thus, in the same scene where he orders the martini, he tells the barman about how vodka made from grain rather than potatoes makes his drink even better. Shaking is also said to dissolve the vermouth better, making it less oily tasting.[15]
While properly called a Bradford,[16] a shaken martini also appears cloudier than when stirred. This is caused by the small fragments of ice present in a shaken martini. This also brings into question the movie versions, which are never cloudy.
In "Stirred," an episode of The West Wing, President Josiah Bartlet disagrees with Bond in a conversation with his aide Charlie Young:
Bartlet: Can I tell you what's messed up about James Bond?
Young: Nothing.
Bartlet: Shaken, not stirred, will get you cold water with a dash of gin and dry vermouth. The reason you stir it with a special spoon is so not to chip the ice. James is ordering a weak martini and being snooty about it.[17]
Other 007 drinking habits[edit]
Spirits[edit]
Bond's drinking habits mirror those of his creator, Ian Fleming. Fleming, as well as Bond throughout the novels, had a preference for bourbon whiskey. Fleming himself had had a fondness for gin, drinking as much as a bottle a day; however, he was converted to bourbon at the behest of his doctor who informed him of his failing health.[18]
Otherwise, in the films James Bond normally has a fondness for vodka that is accompanied by product placement for a brand. For instance, Smirnoff was clearly shown in 1997's Tomorrow Never Dies, in which Bond sits drinking a bottle while in his hotel room in Hamburg. Other brands featured in the films have included Absolut Vodka, Stolichnaya and Finlandia. In the film GoldenEye, Bond suggests cognac when offered a drink by M, who gives him bourbon instead, as it is her preference. The whiskey poured is in fact Jack Daniel's, which markets itself as a Tennessee Whiskey, which is legally a sub-category of bourbon – often distinguished from bourbon itself.[19]
In Goldfinger, Bond drinks a mint julep at Auric Goldfinger's Kentucky stud farm, and in Thunderball, Largo gives Bond a Rum Collins. Bond is also seen in Quantum of Solace drinking bottled beer when meeting with Felix Leiter in a Bolivian bar. In Die Another Day, Bond drinks a mojito. In Casino Royale, Bond orders Mount Gay Rum with soda. In that film, he also invents the famous "Vesper" cocktail—a variation on a martini—originally included in the novel but not seen in the films until the reboot. In Skyfall, the villain Raoul Silva says he believes 50-year-old Macallan single malt whisky to be one of Bond's favorites.[citation needed]
Also in Goldfinger during a briefing on the villain, their host offers a refill with, "Have a little more of this rather disappointing brandy."
M replies, "Why, what is the matter with it?"
Bond replies, "I'd say it was a 30-year-old Fine [as in Fine brandy] indifferently blended, Sir... with an overdose of Bon bois." Bon bois is a Cognac region known for its poor soils. It is a low quality Cognac, and Bond is saying that too much of this was used in the blend.[20]
In the novel Moonraker, it is noted in the card club Blades, Bond adds a single pinch of black pepper to his glass of fine Wolfschmidt vodka, much to M's consternation, to which Bond says he got into the habit in joints that served villainous home brew. It sinks all the poisons to the bottom, and Bond got to like the taste. However, he does admit that he should not have insulted the Club Wolfschmidt.[citation needed]
Wines[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
In several of the Bond films, he is known to prefer Bollinger and Dom Pérignon[21] champagne. Never primarily a red wine drinker, Bond tended to favour Château Mouton Rothschild; a 1947 vintage in Goldfinger, and half a bottle On Her Majesty's Secret Service, a 1934 ordered by M in Moonraker, and a '55 in Diamonds are Forever—where Bond unveiled the assassin Wint posing as a waiter because the latter didn't know that Mouton-Rothschild is a claret. In the Jeffery Deaver novel Carte Blanche, Bond expresses a knowledge and appreciation of South African wine.[citation needed]
In the film of Diamonds Are Forever, Bond savors a glass of sherry and fools M into thinking Bond has made a mistake when he pronounces a year of make ("'51"). When Bond is informed that sherry has no vintage, he replies (to a non-plussed M) that he was discerning the vintage of the wine on which the sherry is based – 1851.[citation needed]
Others[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
In You Only Live Twice, Bond opts for sake over his usual martini, indicating that he especially likes it when it's served at the correct temperature of 98.4 degrees Fahrenheit (37° Celsius, normal body temperature). Tiger, his host, is impressed and tells Bond he is exceptionally cultured—for a European. In Licence to Kill when in the dive bar called Barrelhead Bar, he orders the same as his contact, Pam Bouvier, a "Bud with a lime."
Aside from alcoholic beverages, Bond is a coffee drinker and eschews tea with a passion, believing it to have been a factor in the fall of the British Empire and referring to it as "a cup of mud" (in Fleming's Goldfinger). In the novel Live and Let Die, he expresses his fondness for Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee – while in the film adaptation he is shown operating a La Pavoni Europiccola lever coffee machine in the kitchen of his flat. In the Fleming novel of From Russia With Love he is shown to own a Chemex Coffeemaker and prefers his coffee brewed that way, while in the film version he orders coffee "very black" for breakfast from his hotel's room service; in Kerim Bey's office he asks for his coffee "medium sweet" when offered. He also accepts a cup, refusing cream or sugar, from Franz Sanchez in Licence to Kill – whereas in Moonraker he refuses a cup of tea offered by Hugo Drax. In The Living Daylights, Bond tastes a cup of café coffee he is served in the Prater Amusement Park, Vienna, making a face when it is not up to his standards.
See also[edit]
Outline of James Bond
Drinking culture
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Fleming, Ian (1953). Casino Royale. Glidrose Productions. p. 45. ISBN 0-14-200202-X.
Jump up ^ "The Quest for Kina Lillet - Savoy Stomp". Archived from the original on 2008-05-05.
Jump up ^ Courtesy of Allessandro Pallazi of Duke's Hotel in London
Jump up ^ "Novel Statistics". Make Mine a 007 ... Archived from the original on July 9, 2006. Retrieved April 12, 2006.
Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes". www.afi.com.
Jump up ^ Hirst, M.; Trevithick, J. R. (18 December 1999). "Shaken, not stirred: bio-analytical study of the antioxidant activities of martinis". British Medical Journal. 319 (7225): 1600–2. doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7225.1600. PMC 28303  . PMID 10600955. Retrieved 2006-04-12.
Jump up ^ Lycett, Andrew (1996). Ian Fleming: The Man Behind James Bond. Turner Pub. ISBN 1-57036-343-9.
Jump up ^ "Rum Trader in Berlin". Retrieved 2006-06-28.
Jump up ^ "Wo der Barkeeper noch Gentleman ist" (in German). Archived from the original on April 4, 2005. Retrieved 2006-06-28.
Jump up ^ Hamilton, William L. (December 15, 2002). "SHAKEN AND STIRRED; East Meets West". The New York Times.
Jump up ^ laissezfare (1 July 2009). "Dukes Bar – The Martini that Inspired Ian Fleming".
Jump up ^ Craddock, Harry (2011). The Savoy Cocktail Book. Pavilion Books. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-1-86205-296-3.
Jump up ^ Arnold, Dave. "Cocktail Science in General: Part 1 of 2".
Jump up ^ Arnold, Dave. "Tales of The Cocktail: Science of Shaking II".
Jump up ^ "The Straight Dope Investigation: Shaking v Stirring". Why did James Bond want his martinis shaken, not stirred?. Retrieved April 12, 2006.
Jump up ^ Embury, David (1948). The Fine Art of Mixing Drinks. Garden City, NY: Doubleday. p. 101. LCC TX951 .E55.
Jump up ^ "The West Wing" Stirred (2002) - Memorable quotes.
Jump up ^ Chancellor, Henry (2005). James Bond: The Man and His World. John Murray. p. 94. ISBN 0-7195-6815-3.
Jump up ^ "NAFTA - Chapter 3 - Annex 307.3 to Annex 315". www.sice.oas.org.
Jump up ^ David Leigh. The Complete Guide to the Drinks of James Bond (Second ed.). p. 11.
Jump up ^ "Dom Perignon James Bond Centenary Celebrations".
External links[edit]
"Shaken and Stirred, James Bond Loves His Booze" at Time.com.
[hide]
v
t
e
Ian Fleming's James Bond
Outline
Bibliography
Novels
List
Inspirations
Young Bond
Films
List
Motifs
Locations
Gun barrel sequence
Music
Comics
List
Strips
Books
Television
"Casino Royale" (Climax!)
James Bond Jr.
episodes
Fleming: The Man Who Would Be Bond
Characters
James Bond
literary character
film character
Allies
Girls
Villains
Henchmen
Weapons
Gadgets
Vehicles
Related
Fandom
Parodies and spin offs
Licence to kill (concept)
Vesper cocktail
"Shaken, not stirred"
Video games
The Wild Wild West
James Bond (ornithologist)
Book
Category
Portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shaken,_not_stirred&oldid=829504587"
Categories:
Catchphrases
Cocktails with vodka
James Bond
Quotations from film and television
Drinking culture
Hidden categories:
CS1 German-language sources (de)
Use British English from September 2011
Articles needing additional references from March 2018
All articles needing additional references
All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases
Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from March 2018
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from March 2018
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 9 March 2018, at 01:19.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

value: mw-page-base noprint

value: mw-head-base noprint

value: firstHeading firstHeading en

value: siteSub noprint

value: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attr: href class title

attr: role class

value:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

tag: b

attr: class href

value: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

tag: i

tag: small

value: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

value:
/wiki/British_Secret_Service
mw-redirect
British Secret Service

value: Edit section: Variations in the Bond novels and films

value:
/wiki/Champagne_stemware
mw-redirect
Champagne stemware

value:
/wiki/Angostura_Bitters
mw-redirect
Angostura Bitters

value: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced

value:
/wiki/German_people
mw-redirect
German people

value: The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (March 2018)

value: Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch

value:
/wiki/Tennessee_Whiskey
mw-redirect
Tennessee Whiskey

value: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2018)

value:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

value:
/wiki/Glidrose_Productions
mw-redirect
Glidrose Productions

value:
nofollow
http://index.html/
external text

value:
nofollow
external text
http://www.afi.com/100years/quotes.aspx

value:
/wiki/British_Medical_Journal
mw-redirect
British Medical Journal

value:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.319.7225.1600

attr: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value:
/wiki/PubMed_Identifier
mw-redirect
PubMed Identifier

value:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10600955

value:
nofollow
external text
http://www.cojito.de/rum-trader.487.htm

value: -moz-column-width: 25em; -webkit-column-width: 25em; column-width: 25em; list-style-type: decimal;

value: List of James Bond novels and short stories

value:
/wiki/List_of_James_Bond_Jr._episodes
mw-redirect
List of James Bond Jr. episodes

value: List of recurring characters in the James Bond film series

value:
/wiki/List_of_James_Bond_henchmen
mw-redirect
List of James Bond henchmen

value: List of James Bond parodies and spin-offs

value: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

value: Category:Quotations from film and television

value: Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)

value: Category:Use British English from September 2011

value: Category:Articles needing additional references from March 2018

value: Category:All articles needing additional references

value: Category:All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases

value: Category:Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from March 2018

value: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

value: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2018

value: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

value: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

value: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

value: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

value:
/wiki/Shaken,_not_stirred
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

value: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

value: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

value:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

value: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

value: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

value:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

value:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

value:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

value: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

value: Find background information on current events

value:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

value: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

value: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Shaken_not_stirred rootpage-Shaken_not_stirred skin-vector action-view