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List of If Loving You Is Wrong episodes
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If Loving You Is Wrong is an American primetime television soap opera, created, executive produced, written and directed by Tyler Perry. The show premiered September 9, 2014, on the Oprah Winfrey Network. If Loving You Is Wrong is loosely based on Perry's 2014 film, The Single Moms Club.
Contents
[hide]
1 Series overview
1.1 Season 1 (2014–15)
1.2 Season 2 (2015–16)
1.3 Season 3 (2016–17)
1.4 Season 4 (2017–18)
2 References
3 External links
Series overview[edit]
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
First aired
Last aired
1 20 September 9, 2014 (2014-09-09) May 26, 2015 (2015-05-26)
2 22 September 22, 2015 (2015-09-22) May 24, 2016 (2016-05-24)
3 22 September 13, 2016 (2016-09-13) May 30, 2017 (2017-05-30)
4 18 September 19, 2017 (2017-09-19) March 7, 2018 (2018-03-07)
Season 1 (2014–15)[edit]
No. in
series
No. in
season
Title
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(million)
1
1 "A Twisted Affair" September 9, 2014 (2014-09-09) 1.93[1]
Alex takes a pregnancy test because everyone thinks she's pregnant. Her husband Brad loves his job more than he loves her, but wants to make up for it. Esperanza deals with her ex-husband. Kelly wants to buy a house for her boyfriend Travis and her son Justice.
Note: The character Esperanza (played by Zulay Henao) is based on the character of the same name (also played by Zulay Henao) from the feature film The Single Moms Club. The character Natalie is based on the character Lytia Wright from The Single Moms Club.
Differences from the movie: (1) The girls meet because their kids are on the same sports team; unlike the movie, where their kids got into trouble in school. (2) Esperanza's character and storyline is rebooted and her ex-husband is more aggressive.
2
2 "Shots Fired" September 9, 2014 (2014-09-09) 1.92[1]
Kelly buys a home in Alex and Marcie's neighborhood; meanwhile, the identification of Esperanza's new lover, is revealed to Edward.
3
3 "Alex Is Pregnant" September 16, 2014 (2014-09-16) 1.80[2]
Brad and Alex help Kelly move into her new house, his suspicions of Alex's infidelity are put on hold after she reveals she is pregnant.
4
4 "The Colombian" September 23, 2014 (2014-09-23) 1.64[3]
Travis comes back from his mission trip to Haiti and drops a bombshell on Kelly. Meanwhile, Esperanza finds out that Julius' father is the head of a Colombian cartel.
5
5 "The War Begins" September 30, 2014 (2014-09-30)[4] 1.54[5]
Kelly's world is rocked when Travis reveals that he is engaged to another woman. Meanwhile, Alex tries to confirm that Brad is the father of her child.
6
6 "Game Night" October 7, 2014 (2014-10-07)[4] 1.80[6]
After Eddie's house gets sprayed with gunfire, Lushion finally has an interview at the police station. Travis goes to see Kelly with the hopes of remaining in her life. During game night at Alex and Brad's house, a game of truth with Randall and Marcie leads to some awkward moments for everyone.
7
7 "After Heartbreak" October 14, 2014 (2014-10-14)[4] 1.65[7]
Kelly makes plans to sell her house. Marcie and Brad become more suspicious of their spouses.
8
8 "14 Weeks" October 21, 2014 (2014-10-21)[4] 1.68[8]
Alex finds out that she's further along in her pregnancy than she originally thought.
9
9 "Peppa" October 28, 2014 (2014-10-28)[4] 1.74[9]
Natalie points the finger at Joey when Burger Fast is robbed. Marcie finds out Randall is sneaking around with a woman named "Peppa".
10
10 "Look Closely" November 4, 2014 (2014-11-04)[4] 1.87[10]
In need of a distraction from her own drama, Kelly helps Marcie find "Peppa's" true identity.
11
11 "The Lady Next Door" March 24, 2015 (2015-03-24)[11] 2.99[12]
Marcie has discovered the truth about Randall's affair; she makes a scene at Brad's birthday party. Everyone is thinking it was Kelly who was having the affair with Randall. It is later revealed that it was Alex who is "Peppa". Brad and Edward both attack Randall and beat him up for the deception.
12
12 "Girlfriends" March 31, 2015 (2015-03-31)[4] 2.53[13]
After, Alex's affair with Randall is exposed. Kelly, Natalie and Esperanza try to comfort her. Brad and Eddie talk over what to do about the affair. Kelly gets a visit from Travis, who claims to still be in with her. Joey has a run-in with some guys from his old gang. Brad pulls a gun on Alex.
13
13 "Fatherless Boys" April 7, 2015 (2015-04-07)[4] 2.02[14]
Brad is looking for Randall. Travis tells Justice that he is not his biological father, at the same time his mother comes to apologize to Kelly. Marcie is looking for a place to stay and comes to Kelly for comfort. Joey wants to work at a chemical plant but Natalie doesn't want him to work there. Meanwhile, things are getting heated between Eddie and Lushion.
14
14 "Who Knew" April 14, 2015 (2015-04-14)[4] 2.28[15]
Brad questions all of the girls about the affair. The police come to Randall's house after getting reports of gunfire. Eddie arrests Randall. Lushion stands up to Eddie. Marcie becomes unstable when showing a house to an interracial couple.
15
15 "Marcie & Brad" April 21, 2015 (2015-04-21)[4] 2.21[16]
Marcie tries to hold it together when she confronts Alex. Randall hires a lawyer specializing in discrimination. Joey is still trying to get a job but things aren't looking up. Lushion and Natalie discuss living arraignments. Meanwhile, Marcie and Brad plot to have sex to get back at Alex and Randall.
16
16 "Whose Baby?" April 28, 2015 (2015-04-28)[4] 1.97[17]
Marcie and Brad find out they have more in common than they expected. Alex experiences contraction-like symptoms. Brad demands that Alex get a paternity test from the doctor.
17
17 "The Randall Connection" May 5, 2015 (2015-05-05) 1.95[18]
Randall tells Marcie he's the father of Alex's unborn child. Alex and Brad's kids see him sleeping on the couch and question their parents. Eddie feels uneasy, so he tries to make things right with Lushion. Joey gets some helpful advice from Faun but things go wrong when Quan shows up, to threaten his family. Randall finds out Eddie's secret and uses it against him.
18
18 "The Debt" May 12, 2015 (2015-05-12) 2.07[19]
Edward is targeted in an act of revenge for taking money from Quan. Marcie confronts Alex about her sexual history. Esperanza gets a visit from Randall's lawyer. Meanwhile, being a stay-at-home mom has its disadvantages, when Randall shows up at Alex's front door. Quan struggles to pay back the debt he owes Julius.
19
19 "Nine P.M." May 19, 2015 (2015-05-19) 2.21[20]
Eddie is rushed to the hospital after getting shot in the last episode. While struggling for his life, Esperanza is distraught but things worsen when Eddie's wife shows up. Travis comes to Kelly's job and she finds herself tempted. Brad helps Peter with his Mother's Day homework. Peter gets suspicious over Brad's behavior.
20
20 "Alex's Baby" May 26, 2015 (2015-05-26) 2.05[21]
Marcie tells the neighbors about the Randall-Alex affair and Brad threatens Randall. Alex goes into labor; Natalie begs Lushion to quit the force; Edward confesses his feelings for Esperanza.
Season 2 (2015–16)[edit]
No. in
series
No. in
season
Title
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(million)
21
1 "Miss Louise" September 22, 2015 (2015-09-22) 2.90[22]
Kelly, Esperanza, and Natalie try to calm down Brad when he discovers that he isn't the father of Alex's newborn baby boy; As Marcie struggles with her and Randal's relationship a surprise lies ahead, a visit from her mother-in-law, Louise.
22
2 "The Beauty That Is" September 29, 2015 (2015-09-29) 2.32[23]
The ladies show their support for Alex as she deals with giving birth with Randal's child.
23
3 "The Painter" October 6, 2015 (2015-10-06) 2.05[24]
Alex dreams of how her affair with Randal started.
24
4 "Blonde Hair, Blue Eyes" October 13, 2015 (2015-10-13) 1.96[25]
Louise gives up information about Randal attraction to blonde women with blue eyes, making Marcie jealous.
25
5 "The Shed" October 20, 2015 (2015-10-20) 2.01[26]
Randal finds out karma does exists. Natalie catches Joey and Faun having sex at her restaurant.
26
6 "Being a Woman" October 27, 2015 (2015-10-27) 2.44[27]
Randal's wife and mother deal with their conflicted feelings.
27
7 "Joey and Faun" November 3, 2015 (2015-11-03) 2.28[28]
Marcie gains an unexpected ally; Faun tries to reconcile with Natalie.
28
8 "The Tape" November 10, 2015 (2015-11-10) 2.43[29]
Eddie and Ben go forward with plans to take down their enemies.
29
9 "He's Beautiful" November 17, 2015 (2015-11-17) 2.23[30]
Brad surprises Alex with something terrible.
30
10 "Time For A Cigar" November 24, 2015 (2015-11-24) 2.19[31]
Because of his betrayal, Brad taunts Randal, causing a fight between the two at the hospital.
31
11 "Out of Control" December 1, 2015 (2015-12-01) 2.51[32]
Edward plans out something vicious. Alex gets released from the hospital.
32
12 "Mortal & Fifth" March 15, 2016 (2016-03-15) 2.47[33]
A horrible ambush ends in catastrophe.
33
13 "The Last Word" March 22, 2016 (2016-03-22) 2.20[34]
Randal confronts his wife about her infidelity.
34
14 "Backfired" March 29, 2016 (2016-03-29) 2.19[35]
Kelly does her best to protect Alex.
35
15 "Randal's Wicked Web" April 5, 2016 (2016-04-05) 1.99[36]
Randal comes for Alex and Brad.
36
16 "A Mother's Love" April 12, 2016 (2016-04-12) 2.19[37]
Alex realizes the debts of Randal's evil
37
17 "Betting on Tina" April 19, 2016 (2016-04-19) 2.20[38]
Eddie finds that a nurse is his most formidable opponent. The ladies spend the night at Alex's house.
38
18 "The Brown Paper Bag" April 26, 2016 (2016-04-26) 2.05[39]
Lushion searches high and low for a piece of evidence. Kelly and Esperanza talk Alex into letting Randal see the baby.
39
19 "For Pete" May 3, 2016 (2016-05-03) 2.30[40]
Lushion takes a stand against corruption. Alex agrees to let Randal see the baby.
40
20 "The Will" May 10, 2016 (2016-05-10) 2.37[41]
Julius faces a shocking blow.
41
21 "An Evil Alliance" May 17, 2016 (2016-05-17) 2.28[42]
An alliance is formed. Alex receives custody notices from Randal.
42
22 "The Wicked Soul" May 24, 2016 (2016-05-24) 2.39[43]
Lushion confesses a secret. Alex begs her parents for help with Randal.
Season 3 (2016–17)[edit]
No. in
series
No. in
season
Title
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(million)
43
1 "Watch Your Back" September 13, 2016 (2016-09-13) 2.94[44]
In the Season 3 premiere, Alex discovers a terrible scene.
44
2 "911 Emergency" September 20, 2016 (2016-09-20) 2.33[45]
In a fit of desperation, Alex leaves home and takes matters into her own hands.
45
3 "Boiling Point" September 27, 2016 (2016-09-27) 2.16[46]
Natalie waits for news about Joey while the police try to locate Alex's baby.
46
4 "You're The Boss" October 4, 2016 (2016-10-04) 2.06[47]
Edward oversteps his authority in front of Steven and is reminded who the boss really is.
47
5 "An Unlikely Suspect" October 11, 2016 (2016-10-11) 2.25[48]
A crime shocks the town of Maxine; the police identify a suspect.
48
6 "The Power Of Love" October 18, 2016 (2016-10-18) 2.03[49]
Police interrogate their top suspect in the crime that has shocked the town.
49
7 "The Wages Of Sin" October 25, 2016 (2016-10-25) 2.08[50]
The police question Brad as Joey fights for his life.
50
8 "Keeping Watch" November 1, 2016 (2016-11-01) 1.89[51]
Edward tries to wake Louise while she is unconscious in an effort to see what she knows about Brad; Lushion scolds an agent who wasn't keeping tabs on Pete's room.
51
9 "A Room For You" November 15, 2016 (2016-11-15) 2.05[52]
Alex and Andrew wait for backup on a quiet country road; things are not quiet at the hospital.
52
10 "Every Minute Counts" November 22, 2016 (2016-11-22) 2.00[53]
Marcie learns life-altering news and her life will never be the same.
53
11 "Rusty's Brand Of Justice" November 29, 2016 (2016-11-29) 2.41[54]
On the mid-season finale, Rusty issues his brand of justice.
54
12 "A Neighborhood In Crisis" March 21, 2017 (2017-03-21) 1.96[55]
Kelly learns the shocking whereabouts of her neighbor Ramsey and Alex finally saves her baby.
55
13 "Sui Ling Mai" March 28, 2017 (2017-03-28) 1.97[56]
Pete takes on an alias to keep himself out of Edward's grasp. Kelly attempts to distance herself from Travis. Marcie and Brad confess their love for each other.
56
14 "A Fatal Attraction" April 4, 2017 (2017-04-04) 1.89[57]
Travis loses his mind and becomes a crazed predator. Alex and Randall face off in court.
57
15 "The Missing Person" April 11, 2017 (2017-04-11) 2.03[58]
The police are searching for the missing Andrew. Alex reveals shocking news.
58
16 "The Mail Man" April 18, 2017 (2017-04-18) 1.87[59]
Kelly panics when she learns the crime Travis has committed.
59
17 "Tippa Haynes" April 25, 2017 (2017-04-25) 1.92[60]
Randal questions the paternity of Alex's baby. Marcie struggles of telling Brad about her pregnancy.
60
18 "The Party Just Arrived" May 2, 2017 (2017-05-02) 1.85[61]
Dianne confronts and bullies Kelly with outrageous demands, while Randal warns Natalie that Lushion is cheating on her.
61
19 "Don't Lose Your Deposit" May 9, 2017 (2017-05-09) N/A
Louise gives Marcie advice about Brad. Marcie taunts Alex.
62
20 "No One Is Safe" May 16, 2017 (2017-05-16) N/A
Kelly finds herself in an all-to-familiar predicament with a man she just can't get rid of.
63
21 "Angry Men" May 23, 2017 (2017-05-23) N/A
Travis acts on his vengeful impulses.
64
22 "Sound The Alarm" May 30, 2017 (2017-05-30) N/A
In the Season 3 finale, Kelly learns a new way to protect herself from Travis, Alex is finally granted custody of her baby, and Eddie gets taken down.
Season 4 (2017–18)[edit]
No. in
series
No. in
season
Title
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(million)
65
1 "A Difficult Path" September 19, 2017 (2017-09-19) 1.89[62]
In the Season 4 premiere, the Maxine community is left unsteady after an incident endangers the lives of all the children in the neighborhood.
66
2 "Justice" September 26, 2017 (2017-09-26) 1.70[63]
Kelly finds herself in legal trouble that endangers her freedom. Randal continues to antagonize Marcie and Brad.
67
3 "In Distress" October 3, 2017 (2017-10-03) 1.93[64]
Lushion tries to get Kelly out of a horrible situation.
68
4 "Enemy Secrets" October 10, 2017 (2017-10-10) 1.81[65]
Kelly gets help for her legal troubles. Eddie declares war against Steven and Lushion.
69
5 "A Taste Of Freedom" October 17, 2017 (2017-10-17) 1.84[66]
Randall continues his intensified harassment on all his neighbors, especially those of Brad and Alex.
70
6 "Falling" October 24, 2017 (2017-10-24) 1.79[67]
Brad seeks revenge against Randall, almost injuring him seriously. Much to Randall's dismay, it's not giving him much help by calling the police.
71
7 "Something Is Rotten" November 7, 2017 (2017-11-07) 1.72[68]
Randall secretly undermines Marcie in her attempts to seek legal counsel against him; Also, Eddie surprises Esperanza and is shocked in anger by his discovery.
72
8 "Dark Intentions" November 14, 2017 (2017-11-14) 1.79[69]
Lushion comes to Kelly's aid by going after Travis; Steven reveals his true feelings to Esperanza.
73
9 "Chains, Guns, and Automobiles" November 21, 2017 (2017-11-21) 1.77[70]
Larry, the attorney, mistakenly breaks Marcie's confidence, leaving Marcie in great peril. Travis goes after Kelly in the dead of night.
74
10 "A Dame In Distress" January 10, 2018 (2018-01-10) 1.39[71]
Randall enacts a terrible game of vengeance against Eddie; Eddie must depend on Lushion to call for help.
75
11 "The Porch Light"[72] January 17, 2018 (2018-01-17) 1.60[73]
Lushion reluctantly comes to Eddie's rescue; and Eddie vows revenge against Randall and his attorney, Larry.
76
12 "The Papers" January 24, 2018 (2018-01-24) 1.55[74]
Kelly finds out she has been betrayed by her lawyer, Ian; Steven continues his pursuit of Esperanza.
77
13 "Hanging in the Balance" January 31, 2018 (2018-01-31) 1.47[75]
Eddie seeks out vengeance against attorney Larry.
78
14 "The Battleground State" February 7, 2018 (2018-02-07) 1.52[76]
Randall schemes up a plan to destroy Marcie so he gets some high-maintenance assistance; Kelly's son, Justice, becomes traumatized by his mother's legal troubles.
79
15 "Golfer" February 14, 2018 (2018-02-14) 1.46[77]
Marcie finds a lawyer, who she hopes to be a strong ally in her fight against her devious husband Randal; Brad gives Alex an ultimatum that forces her to make a promise she will have a difficult time keeping.
80
16 "Rock Solid" February 21, 2018 (2018-02-21) 1.49[78]
Randal sounds alarm bells informing the police and law firm that Larry may be missing and in danger.
81
17 "In God's Hands" February 28, 2018 (2018-02-28) 1.53[79]
Lushion confronts Eddie about Larry's whereabouts; Randal confronts Dr. Raston with a criminal accusation.
82
18 "Behind Enemy Lines" March 7, 2018 (2018-03-07) 1.55[80]
In the Season 4 finale, the sins of the neighborhood come to a head in catastrophic events across the city.
References[edit]
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Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (April 12, 2017). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 4.11.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved April 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (April 19, 2017). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 4.18.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved April 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (April 26, 2017). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 4.25.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (May 3, 2017). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 5.2.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved May 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (September 20, 2017). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 9.19.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved September 20, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (September 27, 2017). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 9.26.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (October 4, 2017). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 10.3.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved October 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (October 11, 2017). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 10.10.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved October 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (October 18, 2017). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 10.17.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved October 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (October 25, 2017). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 10.24.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved October 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (November 8, 2017). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 11.7.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (November 15, 2017). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 11.14.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved November 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (November 22, 2017). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 11.21.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved November 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (January 11, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.10.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved January 11, 2018.
Jump up ^ "If loving you is wrong Episode Guide". The Futon Critic. Retrieved December 11 2017. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (January 18, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.17.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (January 25, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.24.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved January 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (February 1, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.31.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved February 1, 2018.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (February 8, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 2.7.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (February 15, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 2.14.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (February 22, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 2.21.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (March 1, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 2.28.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (March 8, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 3.7.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
External links[edit]
Episodes of If Loving You Is Wrong on TV Guide
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Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts
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Indo-Pakistani conflicts
Kashmir conflict
War of 1947
War of 1965
War of 1971
Siachen conflict
Kargil War
2001–02 standoff
2008 standoff
Border skirmishes
2011
2013
2014–15
2016–present
Since the partition of British India in 1947 and creation of modern states of India and Pakistan, the two South Asian countries have been involved in four wars, including one undeclared war, and many border skirmishes and military stand-offs.
The Kashmir issue has been the main cause, whether direct or indirect, of all major conflicts between the two countries with the exception of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 where conflict originated due to turmoil in erstwhile East Pakistan (now Bangladesh).
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Wars
2.1 Indo-Pakistani War of 1947
2.2 Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
2.3 Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
2.4 Indo-Pakistani War of 1999
3 Other armed engagements
3.1 Standing armed conflicts
3.2 Past skirmishes and standoffs
4 Incidents
5 Nuclear-arms race
6 Annual celebrations
7 Involvement of other nations
8 In popular culture
8.1 Indian films
8.2 Pakistani films
8.3 Pakistani miniseries and dramas
9 See also
10 References
11 Bibliography
12 External links
Background[edit]
Further information: Indian independence movement, Pakistan Movement, and Partition of India
Four nations (India, Pakistan, Dominion of Ceylon and Union of Burma) that gained independence in 1947 and 1948
The Partition of British India came about in the aftermath of World War II, when both Great Britain and British India were dealing with the economic stresses caused by the war and its demobilisation.[1] It was the intention of those who wished for a Muslim state to come from British India to have a clean partition between independent and equal "Pakistan" and "Hindustan" once independence came.[2]
The partition itself, according to leading politicians such as Mohammed Ali Jinnah, leader of the All India Muslim League, and Jawaharlal Nehru, leader of the Indian National Congress, should have resulted in peaceful relations. As the Hindu and Muslim populations were scattered unevenly in the whole country, the partition of British India into India and Pakistan in 1947 was not possible along religious lines. Nearly one third of the Muslim population of British India remained in India.[3] Inter-communal violence between Hindus, Sikhs and Muslims resulted in between 500,000 and 1 million casualties.[1]:6
Princely-ruled territories, such as Kashmir and Hyderabad, were also involved in the Partition. Rulers of these territories had the choice of joining India or Pakistan. Both India and Pakistan laid claim on Kashmir and thus it became the main point of conflict.[1]:8[4] The ruler of Kashmir, which had a Muslim majority population, joined India by signing the Instrument of Accession.[4]
Wars[edit]
Refugees awaiting evacuation by IAF Dakota on Poonch Airstrip, December 1947.
Indo-Pakistani War of 1947[edit]
Main article: Indo-Pakistani War of 1947
Indian soldiers during the 1947–1948 war.
The war, also called the First Kashmir War, started in October 1947 when Pakistan feared that the Maharaja of the princely state of Kashmir and Jammu would accede to India. Following partition, states were left to choose whether to join India or Pakistan or to remain independent. Jammu and Kashmir, the largest of the princely states, had a predominantly Muslim population ruled by the Hindu Maharaja Hari Singh. Tribal forces with support from the army of Pakistan attacked and occupied parts of the princely state forcing the Maharaja to sign the Instrument of Accession of the princely state to the Dominion of India to receive Indian military aid. The UN Security Council passed Resolution 47 on 22 April 1948. The fronts solidified gradually along what came to be known as the Line of Control. A formal cease-fire was declared at 23:59 on the night of 1 January 1949.[5]:379 India gained control of about two-thirds of the state including (Kashmir valley, Jammu and Ladakh) whereas Pakistan gained roughly a third of Kashmir (Azad Kashmir and Gilgit–Baltistan),[6][7][8][9]
Indo-Pakistani War of 1965[edit]
Main article: Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
This war started following Pakistan's Operation Gibraltar, which was designed to infiltrate forces into Jammu and Kashmir to precipitate an insurgency against rule by India. India retaliated by launching a full-scale military attack on West Pakistan. The seventeen-day war caused thousands of casualties on both sides and witnessed the largest engagement of armored vehicles and the largest tank battle since World War II.[10][11] The hostilities between the two countries ended after a ceasefire was declared following diplomatic intervention by the Soviet Union and USA and the subsequent issuance of the Tashkent Declaration.[12] Both India and Pakistan claimed victory.[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]
Indo-Pakistani War of 1971[edit]
Main articles: Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 and Bangladesh Liberation War
Lieutenant-General A. A. K. Niazi, the commander of Pakistan Eastern Command, signing the instrument of surrender in Dhaka on 16 Dec 1971, in the presence of India's Lt. Gen. Jagjit Singh Aurora.
Pakistan's PNS Ghazi, the Pakistani submarine which sank off during the 1971 Indo-Pakistani War under mysterious circumstances[21] on the Visakhapatnam coast.
This war was unique in the way that it did not involve the issue of Kashmir, but was rather precipitated by the crisis created by the political battle brewing in erstwhile East Pakistan between Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Leader of East Pakistan, and Yahya Khan and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, leaders of West Pakistan. This would culminate in the declaration of Independence of Bangladesh from the state system of Pakistan. Following Operation Searchlight and the 1971 Bangladesh atrocities, about 10 million Bengalis in East Pakistan took refuge in neighbouring India.[22] India intervened in the ongoing Bangladesh liberation movement.[23][24] After a large scale pre-emptive strike by Pakistan, full-scale hostilities between the two countries commenced.
Pakistan attacked at several places along India's western border with Pakistan, but the Indian Army successfully held their positions. The Indian Army quickly responded to the Pakistan Army's movements in the west and made some initial gains, including capturing around 5,795 square miles (15,010 km2)[25][26][27] of Pakistan territory (land gained by India in Pakistani Kashmir, Pakistani Punjab and Sindh sectors but gifted it back to Pakistan in the Simla Agreement of 1972, as a gesture of goodwill). Within two weeks of intense fighting, Pakistani forces in East Pakistan surrendered to the joint command of Indian and Bangladeshi forces following which the People's Republic of Bangladesh was created.[28] This war saw the highest number of casualties in any of the India-Pakistan conflicts, as well as the largest number of prisoners of war since the Second World War after the surrender of more than 90,000 Pakistani military and civilians.[29] In the words of one Pakistani author, "Pakistan lost half its navy, a quarter of its air force and a third of its army".[30]
Indo-Pakistani War of 1999[edit]
Main article: Kargil War
Commonly known as the Kargil War, this conflict between the two countries was mostly limited. During early 1999, Pakistani troops infiltrated across the Line of Control (LoC) and occupied Indian territory mostly in the Kargil district. India responded by launching a major military and diplomatic offensive to drive out the Pakistani infiltrators.[31] Two months into the conflict, Indian troops had slowly retaken most of the ridges that were encroached by the infiltrators.[32][33] according to official count, an estimated 75%–80% of the intruded area and nearly all high ground was back under Indian control.[34] Fearing large-scale escalation in military conflict, the international community, led by the United States, increased diplomatic pressure on Pakistan to withdraw forces from remaining Indian territory.[31][35] Faced with the possibility of international isolation, the already fragile Pakistani economy was weakened further.[36][37] The morale of Pakistani forces after the withdrawal declined as many units of the Northern Light Infantry suffered heavy casualties.[38][39] The government refused to accept the dead bodies of many officers,[40][41] an issue that provoked outrage and protests in the Northern Areas.[42][43] Pakistan initially did not acknowledge many of its casualties, but Nawaz Sharif later said that over 4,000 Pakistani troops were killed in the operation and that Pakistan had lost the conflict.[44][45] By the end of July 1999, organized hostilities in the Kargil district had ceased.[35]
Other armed engagements[edit]
Apart from the aforementioned wars, there have been skirmishes between the two nations from time to time. Some have bordered on all-out war, while others were limited in scope. The countries were expected to fight each other in 1955 after warlike posturing on both sides, but full-scale war did not break out.[12]
Standing armed conflicts[edit]
Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir: An insurgency in Indian-administered Kashmir has been a cause for heightened tensions. India has also accused Pakistan-backed militant groups of executing several terrorist attacks across India.
Siachen conflict: In 1984, India launched Operation Meghdoot capturing all of the Siachen Glacier. Further clashes erupted in the glacial area in 1985, 1987 and 1995 as Pakistan sought, without success, to oust India from its stronghold.[12][46]
Sir Creek: The dispute lies in the interpretation of the maritime boundary line between Kutch and Sindh. Before India's independence, the provincial region was a part of Bombay Presidency of British India. After India's independence in 1947, Sindh became a part of Pakistan while Kutch became a part of India. Pakistan lays claim to the entire creek as per paras 9 and 10 of the Bombay Government Resolution of 1914[47] signed between the then Government of Sindh and Rao Maharaj of Kutch.[48]
India–Pakistan maritime trespassing: frequent trespassing and violation of respective national territorial waters of India and Pakistan in peacetime occurs commonly by Pakistani and Indian fishermen operating along the coastline of the Indian state of Gujarat and the Pakistani province of Sindh. Most violations occur due to the absence of a physical boundary and lack of navigational tools for small fishermen. Hundreds of fishermen are arrested by the Coast Guards of both nations, but obtaining their release is difficult and long-winded owing to the hostile relations between the two nations.[49][49][50][51]
Past skirmishes and standoffs[edit]
Indian integration of Junagadh: The princely state of Junagadh, which had a Hindu majority and a Muslim ruler acceded to Pakistan on 15 September 1947, claiming a connection by sea. Pakistan's acceptance of the Instrument of Accession was seen as a strategy to get a plebiscite held in Kashmir which had a Muslim majority and a Hindu ruler. Following communal tensions Indian military entered the territory which was protested by Pakistan as a violation of International law. Later a plebiscite was held and the accession was reversed for the state to join India.[52][53][54][55]
Operation Brasstacks: (the largest of its kind in South Asia), conducted by India between November 1986 and March 1987, and Pakistani mobilisation in response, raised tensions and fears that it could lead to another war between the two neighbours.[12]:129[56]
2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff: The terrorist attack on the Indian Parliament on 13 December 2001, which India blamed on the Pakistan-based terrorist organisations, Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed, prompted the 2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff and brought both sides close to war.[57]
2008 India Pakistan standoff: a stand-off between the two nations following the 2008 Mumbai attacks which was defused by diplomatic efforts. Following ten coordinated shooting and bombing attacks across Mumbai, India's largest city, tensions heightened between the two countries since India claimed interrogation results alleging[58][59] Pakistan's ISI supporting the attackers while Pakistan denied it.[60][61][62] Pakistan placed its air force on alert and moved troops to the Indian border, voicing concerns about proactive movements of the Indian Army[63] and the Indian government's possible plans to launch attacks on Pakistani soil.[64] The tension defused in short time and Pakistan moved its troops away from border.
2016 India-Pakistan military confrontation: On 18 September 2016, militants attacked the Indian Army's brigade headquarters at Uri, killing 19 soldiers. The attack came after two months of extreme unrest in Kashmir, caused due to the killing of Hizbul Mujahideen commander Burhan Wani in an encounter with Indian security forces. Amid high tensions and risk of escalation along the Line of Control, ten days after the attack, on 29 September 2016, the Indian Army carried out a military raid in Pakistan-Administered-Kashmir, targeting launchpads along the LoC, the de facto border between India and Pakistan.[disputed – discuss][citation needed] An Indian soldier was captured by the Pakistan Army the very next day, but it was claimed that he had inadvertently crossed the border and that his capture was unrelated to the 'surgical strikes' conducted the night before. The soldier was eventually released as a goodwill gesture from the Pakistani side, and ceasefire violations stopped on either side as tensions were defused and normalcy returned to the Kashmir valley.[disputed – discuss][citation needed]
In 2016, An Indian army official claimed that over 4,500 Indian soldiers have been killed in ceasefire violation related incidents since 2001.[65]
Incidents[edit]
Atlantique Incident: Pakistan Navy's Naval Air Arm Breguet Atlantique patrol plane, carrying 16 people on board, was shot down by the Indian Air Force for alleged violation of airspace. The episode took place in the Rann of Kutch on 10 August 1999, just a month after the Kargil War, creating a tense atmosphere between India and Pakistan. Foreign diplomats noted that the plane fell inside Pakistani territory, although it may have crossed the border. However, they also believe that India's reaction was unjustified.[66] Pakistan later lodged a compensation claim at the International Court of Justice, accusing India for the incident, but the Court dismissed the case in a split decision ruling the Court did not have jurisdiction.[67]
The 2011 India–Pakistan border shooting incident took place between 30 August and 1 September 2011 across the Line of Control in Kupwara District/Neelam Valley, resulting in five Indian soldiers[68] and three Pakistani soldiers being killed. Both countries gave different accounts of the incident, each accusing the other of initiating the hostilities.[69][70]
2013 India–Pakistan border incident in the Mendhar sector of Jammu & Kashmir, due to the beheading of an Indian soldier. A total of 22 soldiers (12 Indian and 10 Pakistani) died.[71]
2014–16 India–Pakistan border skirmishes in Arnia sector of Jammu & Kashmir due to killing of 1 soldier of Border Security Force and injured 3 soldiers and 4 civilians by Pakistan Rangers.[72]
Nuclear-arms race[edit]
The nuclear conflict between both countries is of passive strategic nature with nuclear doctrine of Pakistan stating a first strike policy, although the strike would only be initiated if and only if, the Pakistan Armed Forces are unable to halt an invasion (as for example in 1971 war) or a nuclear strike is launched against Pakistan,[citation needed] whereas India has a declared policy of no first use.
Pokhran-I (Smiling Buddha): On 18 May 1974 India detonated an 8-kiloton[73] nuclear device at Pokhran Test Range, becoming the first nation to become nuclear capable outside the five permanent members of United Nations Security Council as well as dragging Pakistan along with it into a nuclear arms race[74] with the Pakistani prime minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto swearing to reciprocate India quoting "My countrymen would prefer having a nuclear bomb even if they have to eat grass".[75] The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) Chairman Munir Ahmed Khan said that the test would force Pakistan to test its own nuclear bomb.[76]
Kirana-I: In 1980s a series of 24 different cold tests were conducted by PAEC, led by chairman Munir Ahmad Khan under extreme secrecy.[77] The tunnels at Kirana Hills, Sargodha, are reported to have been bored after the Chagai nuclear test sites, it is widely believed that the tunnels were constructed sometime between 1979 and 1983. As in Chagai, the tunnels at Kirana Hills had been bored and then sealed and this task was also undertaken by PAEC's DTD.[77] Later due to excessive US intelligence and satellite focus on the Kirana Hills site,[citation needed] it was abandoned and nuclear weapons testing was shifted to the Kala Chitta Range.
Pokhran-II (Operation Shakti): On 11 May 1998 India detonated another 5 nuclear devices at Pokhran Test Range. With jubilation and large scale approval from the Indian society came International sanctions as a reaction to this test, the most vehement reaction of all coming from Pakistan. Great ire was raised in Pakistan, which issued a stern statement claiming that India was instigating a nuclear arms race in the region. Pakistan vowed to match India's nuclear capability with statements like: "We are in a headlong arms race on the subcontinent".[78][79]
Chagai-I: (Youm-e-Takbir) Within half a month of Pokhran-II, on 28 May 1998 Pakistan detonated 5 nuclear devices to reciprocate India in the nuclear arms race. Pakistani public, like the Indian, reacted with a celebration and heightened sense of nationalism for responding to India in kind and becoming the only Muslim nuclear power. The day was later given the title Youm-e-Takbir to further proclaim such.[80][81]
Chagai-II: Two days later, on 30 May 1998, Pakistan detonated a 6th nuclear device completing its own series of underground tests with this being the last the two nations have carried out to date.[81][82]
Annual celebrations[edit]
28 May (since 1998) as Youm-e-Takbir (The day of Greatness) in Pakistan.[83][84]
26 July (since 1999) as Kargil Vijay Diwas (Kargil Victory Day) in India.
6 September (since 1965) as Defence Day (Youm-e-Difa) in Pakistan.[85]
7 September (since 1965) as Air Force Day (Youm-e-Fizaya) in Pakistan.[85]
8 September (since 1965) as Victory Day/Navy Day (Youm-e-Bahr'ya) in Pakistan.
4 December (since 1971) as Navy Day in India.
16 December (since 1971) as Vijay Diwas (Victory Day) in India.
16 December (since 1971) as Bijoy Dibosh (Victory Day) in Bangladesh.
Involvement of other nations[edit]
Soviet Union:
The USSR remained neutral during the 1965 war[86] and played a pivotal role in negotiating the peace agreement between India and Pakistan.[87]
The Soviet Union provided diplomatic and military assistance to India during the 1971 war. In response to the US and UK's deployment of the USS Enterprise and the HMS Eagle aircraft carriers, Moscow sent nuclear submarines and warships with anti-ship missiles in the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean, respectively.[88][89][90]
United States:
The US had not given any military aid to Pakistan in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.[91]
The United States provided diplomatic and military support to Pakistan during the 1971 war by sending the USS Enterprise into the Indian Ocean.[92][93][94]
The United States did not support Pakistan during the Kargil War, and successfully pressured the Pakistani government to end hostilities.[31][95][96]
China:
China had helped Pakistan in various wars with diplomatic support.[13][97][98]
Russia:
Russia maintained a non-belligerent policy for both sides. Russia helped negotiate peace in 2001–02 and helped divert the 2008 crisis.[99][100]
In popular culture[edit]
These wars have provided source material for both Indian and Pakistani film and television dramatists, who have adapted events of the war for the purposes of drama and to please target audiences in their nations.
Indian films[edit]
Hindustan Ki Kasam, a 1973 Hindi war film based on Operation Cactus Lilly of the 1971 Indo-Pakistani War, directed by Chetan Anand.
Aakraman, a 1975 Hindi war film based on the 1971 Indo-Pakistan war, directed by J. Om Prakash.
Vijeta, a 1982 Hindi film based on the 1971 Indo-Pakistan war, produced by Shashi Kapoor and directed by Govind Nihalani.
Param Vir Chakra, a 1995 Hindi film based on Indo-Pakistani War, directed by Ashok Kaul.[101]
Border, a 1997 Hindi war film based on the Battle of Longewala of the 1971 Indo-Pakistan war, directed by J.P.Dutta.
LOC Kargil, a 2003 Hindi war film based on the Kargil War, directed by J. P. Dutta.
Deewaar, a 2004 Hindi film starring Amitabh Bachchan based on the POW of the 1971 Indo-Pakistan war, directed by Milan Luthria.
Lakshya, a 2004 Hindi film partially based on the events of the Kargil War, directed by Farhan Akhtar.
1971, 2007 Hindi war film based on a true story of prisoners of war after the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971, directed by Amrit Sagar.
Kurukshetra, a 2008 Malayalam film starring Mohanlal based on Kargil War, directed by Major Ravi.
Tango Charlie, a 2005 Hindi film starring Ajay Devgan, and Bobby Deol based on Kargil Conflict, directed by Mani Shankar.
War Chhod Na Yaar, a 2013 comedy film, directed by Faraz Haider.
The Ghazi attack, a 2017 Hindi film based on sinking of PNS Ghazi.
1971: Beyond Borders, a 2017 Malayalam film, directed by Major Ravi.
Pakistani films[edit]
Waar, a 2013 Pakistani English action movie surrounding Pakistan's role in war on terror and Indian involvement against Pakistan, directed by Bilal Lashari.
Pakistani miniseries and dramas[edit]
Angaar Waadi, an Urdu drama serial based on the Kashmir conflict, directed by Rauf Khalid[102]
Laag, an Urdu drama serial based on the Kashmir conflict, directed by Rauf Khalid[102]
Operation Dwarka, 1965, an Urdu drama based on the naval Operation Dwarka of 1965, directed by Qasim Jalali
PNS Ghazi (Shaheed), an Urdu drama based on sinking of PNS Ghazi, ISPR
Alpha Bravo Charlie, an Urdu drama serial based on three different aspects of Pakistan Army's involvement in action, directed by Shoaib Mansoor
Shahpar, an Urdu drama serial based on Pakistan Air Force, directed by Qaisar Farooq & Syed Shakir Uzair
Sipahi Maqbool Hussain, an Urdu drama serial based on a 1965 war POW, directed by Haider Imam Rizvi
See also[edit]
Military of India portal
Military of Pakistan portal
United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan
India–Pakistan relations
Two nation theory
Patriotic hacking
List of wars involving India
List of wars involving Pakistan
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Khan, Yasmin (18 September 2007). The great Partition: the making of India and Pakistan. Yale University Press. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-300-12078-3. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
Jump up ^ Ambedkar, B.R. (1946). Pakistan, or Partition of India (2 ed.). AMS Press Inc. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-404-54801-8.
Jump up ^ Dixit, Jyotindra Nath (2002). India-Pakistan in War & Peace. Routledge. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-415-30472-6.
^ Jump up to: a b Unspecified author (6 November 2008). "Q&A: Kashmir dispute". BBC News – South Asia. BBC. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
Jump up ^ Prasad, S.N.; Dharm Pal (1987). History of Operations in Jammu and Kashmir 1947–1948. New Delhi: History Department, Ministry of Defence, Government of India. (printed at Thomson Press (India) Limited). p. 418.
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^ Jump up to: a b c d Lyon, Peter (2008). Conflict between India and Pakistan: an encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 82. ISBN 978-1-57607-712-2. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "Pakistan :: The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965". Library of Congress Country Studies, United States of America. April 1994. Retrieved 2 October 2010. Quote: Losses were relatively heavy--on the Pakistani side, twenty aircraft, 200 tanks, and 3,800 troops. Pakistan's army had been able to withstand Indian pressure, but a continuation of the fighting would only have led to further losses and ultimate defeat for Pakistan.
Jump up ^ Hagerty, Devin. South Asia in world politics. Rowman & Littlefield, 2005. p. 26. ISBN 0-7425-2587-2. Quote: The invading Indian forces outfought their Pakistani counterparts and halted their attack on the outskirts of Lahore, Pakistan's second-largest city. By the time United Nations intervened on 22 September, Pakistan had suffered a clear defeat.
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Bibliography[edit]
David R. Higgins (20 January 2016), M48 Patton vs Centurion: Indo-Pakistan War 1965, Osprey Publishing, p. 103, ISBN 978-14-7281-094-6
Rachna Bisht (15 August 2015), 1965: Stories from the Second Indo-Pakistan War, Penguin UK, p. 60, ISBN 978-93-5214-129-6
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Indo-Pakistani wars.
Nuclear Proliferation in India and Pakistan from the Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives
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