on
Handling roInputEvent
Category: Patterns
Many of Roku's latest round of certification requirements go into effect on March 31, 2019 so developers are scrambling to update their apps. One of the new requirements has to do with handling deep links while the channel is already running. Section 5.2 of the current certification requirements states:
5.2 When the channel is already running, direct playback commands will deep link to content in the channel without requiring a channel launch delay by using roInputEvent. To support this, channels must process roInputEvent the same way deep link parameters are passed through the main entry point on launch. (Required after March 31, 2019)
Implementing this is actually pretty straight-forward. In your main.brs
, just add something like this:
input = CreateObject("roInput")
input.setMessagePort(port)
The in your while
loop, you can handle the incoming message like this:
while(true)
msg = port.GetMessage()
msgType = type(msg)
if msgType = "roInputEvent"
info = msg.getInfo()
'info is now just like args passed to your Main() method
'it contains mediaType and contentId properties, so you
'can use your normal deep-link handling code
handleDeepLink(info)
end if
end while
Note that the getInfo()
method returns an object that looks just like the args
that are passed to your Main()
method - it contains the same mediaType
and contentId
properties so you can usually just re-use your existing deep-link handling code.
Testing it out
You can use the External Control Protocol (ECP) to test our your implementation. Using a tool like Postman or curl, you can construct a url that will send the appropriate input
event. The command should look like:
curl -d '' 'http://YOUR-IP:8060/input?mediaType=movie&contentId=happy-gilmore'
The command needs to be sent as a POST
(hence the -d ''
) and needs to include the mediaType
and contentId
parameters. Make sure your app is already running and then issue the command - your app should receive the command and handle the deep-link appropriately without causing the channel to relaunch.
NOTE: If you try this out and your app still relaunches when receiving the input event, double check your url. Specifically, do not include
/dev
at the end - input events are only applicable for the currently-running channel so you should not include the channel ID in the url.
Bonus Tip
The Roku documentation about manifest files lists supports_input_launch
with this description:
The Roku mobile app (previously using roInputEvent) was changed recently to always use 'launch' events rather than 'input' events. That means that Deep Link launches should always work, and with this attribute, the launch will no longer force exiting and restarting the app if it was already running.
I have seen folks get confused and think this is required to support roInputEvent
(I mean, the property is called supports input launch so it is understandable.) But if you read that description carefully, what it is actually saying is that if you send a launch
command, your app will no longer restart if you have set this flag.
To try this out, try sending this command to your unmodified app:
curl -d '' 'http://YOUR-IP:8060/launch/dev?mediaType=movie&contentId=happy-gilmore'
(Note that the channel ID (/dev
) is required for launch
events). Even if your app was already running, it should have exited and relaunched. Now add the following to your manifest file and launch your app:
supports_input_launch=1
Now send the curl command again - this time your app should not restart: the manifest flag instructed the Roku to treat the launch
event like an input
event so it won't relaunch the channel.


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--- layout: default title: Here One - Doppler Labs founded by Noah Kraft and Fritz Lanman - About description: At Doppler Labs, we worked to make computing more immersive and human. Here One is the result of years of development. handle: page-about ---
Changing the way
we hear the world
At a time when others were focused on technology for the eyes and the wrist, we decided to focus on a different platform: the ears. And Here One™ was born.
Here One is the result of years of technological development, starting with the release of DUBS Acoustic Filters™ and followed by Here Active Listening™, which introduced the power to control real-world sound. This groundbreaking technology earned rave reviews from publications like TIME and WIRED. Here One builds on this technology at the core of Here Active Listening to create the first-ever wireless smart earbuds with Real-World Sound Control. Here One is our first step towards making computing more immersive and human.
The Here One team was a diverse group of engineers, creative thinkers, designers, and business leaders who came from companies like Apple, Amazon, Google, Microsoft, Palantir, Pinterest, and Dropbox. Together, we created great products, technology, and experiences that pushed the boundaries of innovation and improved people’s lives.
Noah was the CEO and co-founder of Doppler Labs. As CEO, Noah shaped the identity, mission, and long-term vision of Doppler. A musician and media entrepreneur, he helped ensure the technology that Doppler creates was as much about cultural innovation as technological innovation. Prior to Doppler, Noah was a film producer—most notably for Bleed For This—the boxing biopic starring Miles Teller and executive produced by Martin Scorsese. He also served as a strategic consultant to Google and to 300 Entertainment.
As co-founder and Chairman of Doppler Labs, Fritz provided strategic guidance and supported corporate development. In addition to his work at Doppler, Fritz is an active angel investor with more than forty investments, including Pinterest, Square, Formlabs, FiftyThree, Teespring, and Wish. He also co-founded and currently serves as Executive Chairman of DWNLD and serves on the Board of Directors at ClassPass. Previously, Fritz was the founder and CEO of Livestar, the search and recommendations system acquired by Pinterest. Before Livestar, he was Senior Director of Corporate Strategy and Acquisitions at Microsoft.
Brian was the Chief Operating Officer of Doppler Labs, where he oversaw all company operations, including go-to-market and channel strategy, hiring, and strategic and financial planning. He joined Doppler by way of Microsoft, where he spent more than twenty years, and most recently, ran the Surface and Devices businesses including Surface Hub and HoloLens. While at Microsoft, Brian also worked in engineering and marketing across Windows, online services, and hardware.
Jacob was the VP of Engineering at Doppler Labs, responsible for all engineering execution - software and hardware. He joined Doppler to build a world-class machine learning engine for user personalization. Prior to Doppler, Jacob worked at Palantir building out big data pipelines for some of the world's most interesting data.


Definition: A Distribution Channel is a path through which goods and services flow in one direction (from vendor to the consumer), and the payments generated by them flow in the opposite direction (from consumer to the vendor).
A distribution channel can be as short as being direct from the vendor to the consumer or may include several interconnected intermediaries such as wholesalers, distributors, agents, retailers. Each intermediary receives the item at one pricing point and moves it to the next higher pricing point until it reaches the final buyer.
Distribution channels present many opportunities for businesses – more sales volume (increase channels), price differentiation (via separation of distribution channels) and reduction in costs (reduce intermediaries in the chain).


{% load i18n %} {% block subject %} {% blocktrans %}{{ site_name }} - Your password has been successfully changed!{% endblocktrans %} {% endblock %} {% block html_body %}
{% trans "Your password has been changed!" %}


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WebPie is a simple, intuitive, object-oriented web applications development framework for Python.
WebPie helps you develop web applications quickly and structure them in terms of classes
to organize your code and development effort more efficiently.
Hello, world!
Here is the shortest web server application created with WebPie
from webpie import WPApp #1
def hello(request, relpath, **args): #2
return "Hello, World!\n" #3
WPApp(hello).run_server(8080) #4
Here is what we just did, line by line:
- #1 -- Import WebPie aplication class definitions.
- #2 -- Define simple request handler funciton.
- #3 -- The function simply returns constant response.
- #5 -- Create and run your web server application.
This simple server will respond to any URI with constant response, regarless of the
URI.
The hello handler function is a web method.
In WebPie a web method always has two positional
arguments and some keyword arguments. The two positional arguments are:
- request
-
- a WebOb Request object. WebPie
parses incoming HTTP request and stores its information into a WebOb request.
- relpath
-
- potion of the URI path left unused after WebPie
translated the URI path into actual web method. In this trivial example,
no translation is actually done and relpath will always hold the entire URI path
portion since none of it will be used. In the real life, relpath
will hold the tail of the URI path, and usually will be empty.
- keyword arguments
- if the request URI had some query arguments like a=2&x=y, then
the web method would be called with parsed query parameters passed as the keyword
arguments.
Here is a bit more sophisticated example illustrating some of the web method features
from webpie import WPApp
def hello(request, relpath, who="world"): #1
my_name = relpath #2
return f"Hello, {who}! I am {my_name}\n" #3
WPApp(hello).run_server(8080)
- #1 -- the method will accept optional who CGI query argument.
- #2 -- relpath will be used to pass server's own name.
- #3 -- The response will include both pieces.
If you run this script, it will respond to requests like this:
$ curl "http://localhost:8080/webpie"
Hello, world! I am webpie
$ curl "http://localhost:8080/webpie?who=User"
Hello, User! I am webpie
$ curl "http://localhost:8080/server?who=User"
Hello, User! I am server
Building a WebPie application directly from a web method is quick and
simple, but it gives you access to a very limited portions of WebPie
functionality. If you want to take full advantage of WebPie
features and build more sophisticated applications, you will need to use
WPHandler class instead of a Python function like
hello.
Here is a bit more sophisticated web application using WPHandler class:
from webpie import WPApp, WPHandler
from datetime import datetime, date
class DateTimeHandler(WPHandler):
def date(self, request, relpath, part=None):
#
# will respond to .../date?part=(year|month|day)
#
today = date.today()
if part == "year":
return str(today.year)+"\n"
elif part == "month":
return str(today.month)+"\n"
elif part == "day":
return str(today.day)+"\n"
else:
return str(today)+"\n"
def time(self, request, relpath):
#
# will respond to .../time/(hour|minute|second)
#
t = datetime.now()
if relpath == "hour":
return str(t.hour)+"\n"
elif relpath == "minute":
return str(t.minute)+"\n"
elif relpath == "second":
return str(t.second)+"\n"
else:
return str(t.time())+"\n"
WPApp(DateTimeHandler).run_server(8080)
This application is built using a WPHandler class with two web methods, date
and time. The way WebPie request routing
works, a URI like ".../date" will invoke the date method of the
handler, and a URI like ".../time" will be processed by the time
method.
These two methods illustrate using 2 different mechanisms to get the query parameters.
The time method uses relpath to
get the part of the time to extract. Whereas the date method
gets the part of the date from the CGI query. So this server will respond to URIs like these:
$ curl "http://localhost:8080/time/hour"
08
$ curl "http://localhost:8080/time/minute"
18
$ curl "http://localhost:8080/time/time"
08:18:27.798931
$ curl "http://localhost:8080/date?part=month"
3
$ curl "http://localhost:8080/date?part=year"
2021
$ curl "http://localhost:8080/date"
2021-03-02
WSGI
WebPie application is a standard WSGI application object. It can be plugged into any HTTP server which accepts
WSGI applications, such as nginx/uWSGI or
Apache httpd/mod_wsgi.
For example, here is how you can run
a WebPie application under uWSGI:
# clock.py
from webpie import WPApp, WPHandler
import time
class Clock(WPHandler):
def time(self, request, relpath):
return time.ctime()
application = WPApp(Clock)
$ uwsgi --http :8080 --wsgi-file clock.py &
$ curl http://localhost:8080/time
Fri Jun 19 11:26:53 2020
$
URI Structure
If you want to combine the Greeter and the Clock into a single web server, you can do it
by builidng a tree of the request handlers:
from webpie import WPApp, WPHandler
import time
class Clock(WPHandler):
def time(self, request, relpath):
return time.ctime()
class Greeter(WPHandler):
def hello(self, request, relpath, **args):
return "Hello, World!\n"
class Combined(WPHandler):
def __init__(self, app):
WPHandler.__init__(self, request, app)
self.clock = Clock(request, app)
self.greet = Greeter(request, app)
WPApp(Combined).run_server(8080)
If you run this application, it will respond to both kinds of requests and the URI structure will reflect the nested handler structure:
$ curl http://localhost:8080/clock/time
Fri Jun 19 11:26:53 2020
$ curl http://localhost:8080/greet/hello
Hello, World!
$
Notice that URI path element clock maps to the Combined's
self.clock
member, and similarily URI element greet corresponds to the
Combined's self.greet member.
The fact that URI structure maps directly onto the handler's class structure and that each handler is responsible for
its own URI path subtree makes it possible to use relative URIs inside the response generated by the handler.
For example, let's say you have a handler responsible for user authentication:
from webpie import WPApp, WPHandler
class Auth(WPHandler):
def login_form(self, request, relpath, message=None, **args):
return login_form
def do_login(self, request, relpath, **args):
# read the login_form and authenticate the user
if authenticated:
# login OK - go back to the top handler
self.redirect("../index")
else:
# try again
self.redirect("./login_form?message=Login+failed")
class Top(WPHandler):
def __init__(self, request, app):
WPHandler.__init__(self, request, app)
self.auth = Auth(request, app)
def index(self, request, relpath, **args):
# main entry point
app = WPApp(Top)
The Top handler can use relative URI "./auth/login_form" to refer to the login form shown by
the authentication handler. And the login form can refer to the actual authentication menthod do_login
as "./do_login":

...
<form action="./do_login">
...
</form>
...

...
log in
...

The Shortest Web Service
And here, just for fun, is probably the shortest web service possible. And yes, it is a bit hard to read, but it works:
from webpie import WPApp
WPApp(lambda _, x: f"{int(x)**2}\n").run_server(8888)
$ curl http://localhost:8888/2
4
$ curl http://localhost:8888/3
9
$ curl http://localhost:8888/4
16
Other Features
- WebPie uses WebOb to parse and represent the received HTTP request and to produce the response
- WebPie lets you build multi-threaded web services.
Each (concurrent) HTTP request is handled by its own instance of the handler class,
which uses its own WebOb Request object as input.
This way each HTTP request is handled independently and in isolation from each other.
But if needed, portions of the code can syncronize using shared persistent WPApp object.
- WebPie provides sessions with persistent data storage, which persists
between the requests
- WebPie is Jinja2 - friendly, but does not require Jinja2 to be installed
- WebPie comes with simple multi-treaded HTTP/HTTPS server
with thread control, which can run on the main thread or as another thread.
- WebPie supports access to static content
- WebSockets support is included in WebPie
|


About us
IWSC AT MSI-T has been branded as MSI-T UNFILTERED. It's been a great success because in just 1 month of our existence we have got 500+ followers and everyone in the college knows about us. We've organised our own events like treasure hunt,been a part of donation drive. Also sponsored other events being their media and marketing partners. IWSC MSI-T team has a mix of technical,creative and extraordinary members who plan to take MSI-T UNFILTERED to unseen heights.
Prerna Mehta
Team Lead
Tanishq Rana
Team Lead


Elli have created some starship
service on AWS, but now he is on holiday.
It turned out there was bad value sha1
instead of argon2
in /home/ssm-user/parameters.yml
file.
News is already spreading on Facebook and Reddit.
Manager called you begging for help: "you have access to AWS, please fix it ASAP"
cat /home/ssm-user/parameters.yml
During Townhall manager told company had bill of ten hundreds for CloudWatch.
There were multiple AWS accounts in the organization.
But you still are not sure – was it your fault?
Can you prevent it
AWS seems so big, how to start learning?
AWS SNS
Digital Training
) videos, language (E.g. English
),
level (E.g. Fundamental
) and topic/domain (E.g. Networking & Content delivery
)How to run simple LAMP (Linux Apache MySQL PHP) stack?
apt-get install
in EC2 instance.
Client want to use firewall and identify my service by IP address.
Colleague told something about VPC and NATs,
is it related to Security groups?
AWS is global but it feels like separate components.
What is the magic behind it?
I heard I can pay per requests and not for idle resources.
Does it really work without servers?


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Download and Install NetBeans 12 for MacOS
1) install OpenJDK11 on your computer:
- Visit the AdoptOpenJDK Archive Web Page. On this page, in column 1, choose OpenJDK 11 (LTS), and in column 2, choose HotSpot, if they are not already selected.
- Scroll down on the page to the jdk-11.0.8+10 section, and click the JDK button for mac OS x64:
Choose to save the file.
- After downloading the .pkg file, visit the macOS pkg installer page and follow steps 2 through 5 of the GUI Installation instructions.
2) install Apache NetBeans 12 on your computer:
- Visit the Downloading Apache NetBeans 12.0 web page and click the link for the installer for Mac OSX:
- On the web page that appears, click the link at the top for the suggested mirror site for the download. Save the file.
- Run the installer .dmg file to install Apache NetBeans 12
Get Stuck?
Contact the IT Help Desk if you have any questions. On campus phone support x4357, off campus phone support<PHONE_NUMBER>, or email the helpdesk at helpdesk@mountuinon.edu


Identification
Screening
B] o s = 8 =
Records identified through database searching (n=320) PubMed=185, Embase=20,
Web of Science=80, Cochrane Library=35
Additional records identified through other sources
(n=0)
|
Records after duplicates removed
(n=206)
|
Records screened (n=206)
Records excluded (n=200) Case report=58
———>}__ Irrelevant articles=100
Systematic reviews=42
Full-text articles assessed
(n=6)
a
Studies included in qualitative synthesis (n=6)
Studies included in quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis) (n=6, RCTs)
Full-text articles excluded,
for eligibility — with reasons
(n=0)


History
Date
Name:
Key:
Description:
JIRA:
Confluence:
Jira / confluence space:
not created
Bitbucket:
Jenkins:
Openshift / Dev environment project:
Openshift / Test environment project:


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All insights gained here are subject to change, all information is offered in the hopes of better outcomes for the children of Oakland, none of your data is stored, kept or used in any way aside from what is evident on the page.


Smart phones and social media expand our universe. We can connect with others or collect information easier and faster than ever.
Daniel Goleman (1946–) American Author
Connecting with others
Have you tried using any of the insight and techniques for growing trust and sincerity? How did it go?
I have not tried these techniques as up until now the focus of my mindfulness has largely been on myself and not others. However, I am able to see the benefits of these practices and will use them when relevant.
Try empathic listening—how did it go?
It is fair to say that “Kiwi Blokes” are not good at talking about feelings and I found it difficult. This will be a work-on for me.
How did you find the loving kindness meditation?
Valuable. This is something that I need to do more.
Complete the political awareness exercise here in writing. The situation: Many years ago, I was Deputy Principal of a small area school. One of my roles was to organise day-relief: when a teacher is away from school, I had to find a substitute teacher to fill in for them. One teacher who was frequently absent would send his wife who was not a trained teacher in to look after his classes. Often I was not consulted about this and the first I would know of it was when his wife appeared in the staff room. The Principal who was the brother-in-law of the teacher, condoned this situation.
My Perspective: As a school administrator, I have a responsibility to our students to ensure that they are being actively taught and we need to find the best qualified person if a teacher is absent. I have concerns about the regular use of babysitting material with classes. I find it objectionable that one of my school roles is being bypassed.
The Other Person's Perspective: I am a member of several organisations and I often have to attend meetings during school time. My wife may not be a trained teacher, but she is a member of the local community and knows the students in my classes. Providing detailed relief lessons for other teachers is time consuming. It is easier for everyone if she goes and looks after my classes when I am away. The Principal is happy with this situation and we have done it for many years, long before Peter became Deputy Principal.
Any other musings?
Up until now, I have really just focused on the intrapersonal aspects of mindfulness. In my daily Headspace meditations, Andy has been talking about the effect of our mindfulness on others, but I had not thought much about it until this chapter. Also, I had not come across the idea of mirror neurons before, but this concept made a lot of sense to me.


{{ define "main" }}
Hardware engineering projects create a lot of data, and it's tedious to work with.
TelemetryJet handles the details of normalizing, storing, and querying your data, so you can focus on utilizing that data productively.
Load your data sources, invite your team members, and start gaining insight from your data. It's that easy.
Easily ingest data from a wide variety of file formats, such as CSV, ROS bags, MAVLink logs, and more.
Use the CLI to stream data from microcontrollers or other hardware systems. TelemetryJet is designed to work with the Raspberry Pi and other single-board computers as a telemetry hub. Learn More about the CLI
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Group data sources and visualizations in folders, so your analysis sits next to your original data.
Instantly share any dashboard, dataset or visualization with the public internet. Build public dashboards to display your data, and embed or share them anywhere.
Add context directly to your data, with annotation and comments that you can associate directly with your time-series data.
Comments and metadata are quickly searchable, so you can easily pull data into your conversations.
You retain ownership of your data, and can easily export data out of the TelemetryJet platform into standard formats for advanced usage.


TestCube is a platform to manage and monitor automation test results, it provides a friendly web interface which is build with Python and Django.
To get started with TestCube, first choice is using its clients, for now we provide python client to let you interact with TestCube easily.
It is pretty simple to get started with TestCube APIs, it is built on Django rest framework, which is readable, elegant and robust.
Welcome to visit project page to submit an issue, or check out FAQ page to learn more about TestCube. Pull requests are always welcome.


Hypertext Help with LaTeX
\shortstack
\shortstack[position]{ ... \\ ... \\ ... }
The \shortstack command produces a stack of
objects. The valid positions are:
- r - moves the objects to the right of the stack
- l - moves the objects to the left of the stack
- c - moves the objects to the center of the stack (default)
See also: Environments,
picture
Return to the LaTeX Table of Contents
Revised 27 Sep 1995.


Get in touch with Uniting Hearts Initiative to learn more about our work and how you can get involved.


--- title: Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust layout: gb ---
| Resource | Fetch | Format | Columns | Data | Valid | Entries | Oldest | Latest | Total (GBP) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spend over £25,000 in Alder Hey Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust | ||||||||||
| 2010 May return | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | 0 | ||||
| 2010 July return | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | 0 | ||||
| 2010 August return | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | 0 | ||||
| 2010 June return | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | 0 | ||||
| 2010 September return | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | 0 | ||||
| 2010 April return | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | 0 |
| Resource/Stage | Error |


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Actions, Resources, and Condition Keys for Amazon Comprehend
Amazon Comprehend (service prefix: comprehend
) provides the following service-specific resources, actions, and condition context
keys for use in IAM permission policies.
References:
-
Learn how to configure this service.
-
View a list of the API operations available for this service.
-
Learn how to secure this service and its resources by using IAM permission policies.
Topics
Actions Defined by Amazon Comprehend
You can specify the following actions in the Action
element of an IAM policy statement. Use policies to grant permissions to perform
an operation in AWS. When you use an action in a policy, you usually allow or
deny access to the API operation or CLI command with the same name. However,
in some cases, a single action controls access to more than one operation. Alternatively,
some operations require several different actions.
The Resource column indicates whether each action supports resource-level permissions. If
there is no value for this column, you must specify all resources ("*") in the
Resource
element of your policy statement. If the column includes a resource type, then
you can specify an ARN of that type in a statement with that action. Required
resources are indicated in the table with an asterisk (*). If you specify a resource-level
permission ARN in a statement using this action, then it must be of this type.
Some actions support multiple resource types. If the resource type is optional (not
indicated as required), then you can choose to use one but not the other.
For details about the columns in the following table, see The Actions Table.
| Actions | Description | Access Level | Resource Types (*required) | Condition Keys | Dependent Actions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BatchDetectDominantLanguage | Detects the language or languages present in the list of text documents. | Read | |||
| BatchDetectEntities | Detects the named entities ("People", "Places", "Locations", etc) within the given list of text documents. | Read | |||
| BatchDetectKeyPhrases | Detects the phrases in the list of text documents that are most indicative of the content. | Read | |||
| BatchDetectSentiment | Detects the sentiment of a text in the list of documents (Positive, Negative, Neutral, or Mixed). | Read | |||
| BatchDetectSyntax | Detects syntactic information (like Part of Speech, Tokens) in a list of text documents. | Read | |||
| ClassifyDocument | Creates a new document classification request to analyze a single document in real-time, using a previously created and trained custom model and an endpoint. | Read | |||
| CreateDocumentClassifier | Creates a new document classifier that you can use to categorize documents. | Write | |||
| CreateEndpoint | Creates a model-specific endpoint for synchronous inference for a previously trained custom model | Write | |||
| CreateEntityRecognizer | Creates an entity recognizer using submitted files. | Write | |||
| DeleteDocumentClassifier | Deletes a previously created document classifier. | Write | |||
| DeleteEndpoint | Deletes a model-specific endpoint for a previously-trained custom model. All endpoints must be deleted in order for the model to be deleted. | Write | |||
| DeleteEntityRecognizer | Deletes a submitted entity recognizer. | Write | |||
| DescribeDocumentClassificationJob | Gets the properties associated with a document classification job. | Read | |||
| DescribeDocumentClassifier | Gets the properties associated with a document classifier. | Read | |||
| DescribeDominantLanguageDetectionJob | Gets the properties associated with a dominant language detection job. | Read | |||
| DescribeEndpoint | Gets the properties associated with a specific endpoint. Use this operation to get the status of an endpoint. | Read | |||
| DescribeEntitiesDetectionJob | Gets the properties associated with an entities detection job. | Read | |||
| DescribeEntityRecognizer | Provides details about an entity recognizer including status, S3 buckets containing training data, recognizer metadata, metrics, and so on. | Read | |||
| DescribeKeyPhrasesDetectionJob | Gets the properties associated with a key phrases detection job. | Read | |||
| DescribeSentimentDetectionJob | Gets the properties associated with a sentiment detection job. | Read | |||
| DescribeTopicsDetectionJob | Gets the properties associated with a topic detection job. | Read | |||
| DetectDominantLanguage | Detects the language or languages present in the text. | Read | |||
| DetectEntities | Detects the named entities ("People", "Places", "Locations", etc) within the given text document. | Read | |||
| DetectKeyPhrases | Detects the phrases in the text that are most indicative of the content. | Read | |||
| DetectSentiment | Detects the sentiment of a text in a document (Positive, Negative, Neutral, or Mixed). | Read | |||
| DetectSyntax | Detects syntactic information (like Part of Speech, Tokens) in a text document. | Read | |||
| ListDocumentClassificationJobs | Gets a list of the document classification jobs that you have submitted. | List | |||
| ListDocumentClassifiers | Gets a list of the document classifiers that you have created. | List | |||
| ListDominantLanguageDetectionJobs | Gets a list of the dominant language detection jobs that you have submitted. | List | |||
| ListEndpoints | Gets a list of all existing endpoints that you've created. | List | |||
| ListEntitiesDetectionJobs | Gets a list of the entity detection jobs that you have submitted. | List | |||
| ListEntityRecognizers | Gets a list of the properties of all entity recognizers that you created, including recognizers currently in training. | List | |||
| ListKeyPhrasesDetectionJobs | Get a list of key phrase detection jobs that you have submitted. | List | |||
| ListSentimentDetectionJobs | Gets a list of sentiment detection jobs that you have submitted. | List | |||
| ListTagsForResource | Lists tags for a resource | List | |||
| ListTopicsDetectionJobs | Gets a list of the topic detection jobs that you have submitted. | List | |||
| StartDocumentClassificationJob | Starts an asynchronous document classification job. | Write | |||
| StartDominantLanguageDetectionJob | Starts an asynchronous dominant language detection job for a collection of documents. | Write | |||
| StartEntitiesDetectionJob | Starts an asynchronous entity detection job for a collection of documents. | Write | |||
| StartKeyPhrasesDetectionJob | Starts an asynchronous key phrase detection job for a collection of documents. | Write | |||
| StartSentimentDetectionJob | Starts an asynchronous sentiment detection job for a collection of documents. | Write | |||
| StartTopicsDetectionJob | Starts an asynchronous job to detect the most common topics in the collection of documents and the phrases associated with each topic. | Write | |||
| StopDominantLanguageDetectionJob | Stops a dominant language detection job. | Write | |||
| StopEntitiesDetectionJob | Stops an entity detection job. | Write | |||
| StopKeyPhrasesDetectionJob | Stops a key phrase detection job. | Write | |||
| StopSentimentDetectionJob | Stops a sentiment detection job. | Write | |||
| StopTrainingDocumentClassifier | Stop a previously created document classifier training job. | Write | |||
| StopTrainingEntityRecognizer | Stop a previously created entity recognizer training job. | Write | |||
| TagResource | Tags a resource with given key value pairs | Tagging | |||
| UntagResource | Untags a resource with given key | Tagging | |||
| UpdateEndpoint | Updates information about the specified endpoint. | Write |
Resources Defined by Amazon Comprehend
The following resource types are defined by this service and can be used in the
Resource
element of IAM permission policy statements. Each action in the Actions table identifies the resource types that can be specified with that action. A resource
type can also define which condition keys you can include in a policy. These
keys are displayed in the last column of the table. For details about the columns
in the following table, see The Resource Types Table.
Condition Keys for Amazon Comprehend
Amazon Comprehend defines the following condition keys that can be used in the
Condition
element of an IAM policy. You can use these keys to further refine the conditions
under which the policy statement applies. For details about the columns in the
following table, see The Condition Keys Table.
To view the global condition keys that are available to all services, see Available Global Condition Keys in the IAM Policy Reference.
| Condition Keys | Description | Type |
|---|---|---|
| aws:RequestTag/${TagKey} | Filters create requests based on the allowed set of values for each of the mandatory tags. | String |
| aws:ResourceTag/${TagKey} | Filters actions based on the tag value associated with the resource. | String |
| aws:TagKeys | Filters create requests based on the presence of mandatory tags in the request. | String |


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Node
node() allows you to create custom agents by wrapping traditional functions:
/*!*/import { node } from '@connectv/core';
const minLength = 6;
const symbols = ['$', '#', '@', '!', '%', '^', '*'];
/*!*/export const passwordValidator = node({ //--> this is the node's signature
/*!*/ inputs: ['pass', 'confirm'], //--> taking in password and its confirmation as inputs
/*!*/ outputs: [ //--> possible outputs ...
/*!*/ 'valid', //... password is valid
/*!*/ 'not match', //... passwords do not match
/*!*/ 'too short', //... password is too short
/*!*/ 'no symbol' //... password does not have a symbol character
/*!*/ ]
/*!*/}, (inputs, output) => { //--> `inputs` is an object with all of the inputs,
/*!*/ //... `output` is a callback to to output the result
/*!*/ if (inputs.pass != inputs.confirm) output('not match');
/*!*/ if (inputs.pass.length < minLength) output('too short', minLength);
/*!*/ if (!inputs.pass.match(new RegExp(symbols.map(s => `\\${s}`).join('|'))))
/*!*/ output('no symbol', symbols);
/*!*/ output('valid');
/*!*/});
node() takes two arguments, first is the
signature of your
custom agent, and second the function outlining its functionality. This function is is provided with an object of all
inputs, and a callback that will send given data to given output pin.
node() returns a factory function for your custom agent, so you can re-use your custom agent like this:
import { wrap, map } from '@connectv/core';
import { fromEvent } from 'rxjs';
/*!*/import { passwordValidator } from './password-validator';
let pass = document.getElementById('pass') as HTMLInputElement;
let confirm = document.getElementById('confirm') as HTMLInputElement;
let hint = document.getElementById('hint');
/*!*/let validator = passwordValidator();
/*!*/wrap(fromEvent(pass, 'input')).to(map(() => pass.value)).to(validator.in('pass'));
/*!*/wrap(fromEvent(confirm, 'input')).to(map(() => confirm.value)).to(validator.in('confirm'));
/*!*/validator.out('valid').subscribe(() => hint.textContent = 'valid password');
/*!*/validator.out('not match').subscribe(() => hint.textContent = 'passowrds do not match');
/*!*/validator.out('too short').subscribe(l => hint.textContent = `must be at least ${l} characters`);
/*!*/validator.out('no symbol').subscribe(symbols => hint.textContent = `must include one of ${symbols}`);
Note that:
- A node() waits for all of the inputs before execution, and is executed everytime a new value arrives
for any of the inputs,
- A node() can emit through only ONE of its outputs per execution, so only the first time you
call the output() callback matters per execution.
node()s also support
implicit connection.
For example you can simplify the previous example like this:
import { group, wrap, map } from '@connectv/core';
import { fromEvent } from 'rxjs';
import { passwordValidator } from './password-validator';
let pass = document.getElementById('pass') as HTMLInputElement;
let confirm = document.getElementById('confirm') as HTMLInputElement;
let hint = document.getElementById('hint');
group(
wrap(fromEvent(pass, 'input')).to(map(() => pass.value)),
wrap(fromEvent(confirm, 'input')).to(map(() => confirm.value)),
)
/*!*/.serialTo(passwordValidator())
/*!*/.serialTo(
/*!*/ map(() => 'valid password'),
/*!*/ map(() => 'passwords do not match'),
/*!*/ map(l => `must be at least ${l} characters`),
/*!*/ map(symbols => `must include one of ${symbols}`)
/*!*/)
.subscribe(v => hint.textContent = v);
Control
Each
node() comes with a
.control property which allows you
to control on its execution:
import { wrap, map, pipe, sink, group } from '@connectv/core';
import { fromEvent } from 'rxjs';
import { debounceTime } from 'rxjs/operators';
import { passwordValidator } from './password-validator';
let pass = document.getElementById('pass') as HTMLInputElement;
let confirm = document.getElementById('confirm') as HTMLInputElement;
let hint = document.getElementById('hint');
let validator = passwordValidator();
let $pass = wrap(fromEvent(pass, 'input')).to(map(() => pass.value));
let $confirm = wrap(fromEvent(confirm, 'input')).to(map(() => confirm.value));
group($pass, $confirm).serialTo(validator);
//
// so lets be a bit less annoying on feedback:
//
/*!*/group($pass, $confirm) //--> when the user types
/*!*/ .to(sink(() => hint.textContent = '')) //--> clear the hint
/*!*/ .to(pipe(debounceTime(1000))) //--> wait a bit
/*!*/ .to(validator.control); //--> THEN validate
validator.serialTo(
map(() => 'valid password'),
map(() => 'passwords do not match'),
map(l => `must be at least ${l} characters`),
map(symbols => `must include one of ${symbols}`)
).subscribe(v => hint.textContent = v);
Optional parameters
By default, a
node() waits on values from inputs that
are connected, i.e. if you
do not connect anything from the outside to an input pin of a
node(), it will be treated
as an optional parameter and it will not appear in
inputs object.
If your
node() needs some specific inputs for execution, you can mark them in the
required field of the signature object:
node({
inputs: ['a', 'b', 'c'], //--> three inputs
required: ['a', 'b'], //--> a and b are required, which leaves c as an optional input
outputs: [ /* ... */ ]
}, (inputs, output) => {
//...
})
Error handling
A third argument is always provided to your node's function, which can be used for error handling:
node({
//...
}, (inputs, output, error) => {
//...
if (errorCase)
error('some error');
//....
})
You
MUST capture all errors and pass them to this callback for them to be handled properly.
Further reading


Use this rule to control the number of spaces before and after commas (,
).
Examples
With max-spaces-before = 0
the following code snippet would PASS:
strange var: [10, 20, 30, {x: 1, y: 2}]
the following code snippet would FAIL:
strange var: [10, 20 , 30, {x: 1, y: 2}]
With max-spaces-before = 2
the following code snippet would PASS:
strange var: [10, 20 , 30 , {x: 1, y: 2}]
With min-spaces-after = 1
and max-spaces-after = 1
the following code snippet would PASS:
strange var: [10, 20,30, {x: 1, y: 2}]
the following code snippet would FAIL:
strange var: [10, 20,30, {x: 1, y: 2}]
With min-spaces-after = 1
and max-spaces-after = 3
the following code snippet would PASS:
strange var: [10, 20, 30, {x: 1, y: 2}]
With min-spaces-after = 0
and max-spaces-after = 1
the following code snippet would PASS:
strange var: [10, 20,30, {x: 1, y: 2}]


Which movie have you watched recently?
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To start the game, enter the names of your four players and click "Yes, We Are All Terrible People"
Before we get started, all your players are over 18 and not easily offended, right? RIGHT?
Actually, I'm a kid and/or easily offendedSome text goes here
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WordyApp is an iOS app that uses image recognition to classify objects in real-time.
WordyApp provides translation for the object prediction in seven languages including English, Chinese, and French
SF Hacks 2018
iOS Engineer, Web Engineer
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--- layout: post title: Tennis description: animatic storyboard for Nationale Loterij date: '2019-06-05 09:10:12 +0100' categories: - Storyboards - Animation ---
Storyboard for Nationale Loterij, directed by Deben Van Dam, produced by HAMLET.


--- title: Scores needData: true scripts: /js/scores.js ---
This text will hopefully be replaced with a table of scores. If that does not seem to be happening, check if scripts are allowed. Alternatively, check out report.txt.


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---
layout: post
title: TMax 3200 - Special Request Scan
tags:
- film scan
- General Photography
- Site News
- TMax 3200
- TMZ
status: publish
type: post
published: true
meta:
_edit_lock: "1244345770"
_edit_last: "2"
series_part: "6"
dsq_thread_id: "386957529"
---
For the one that requested it here is a special request encore. A scan with no adjustments to black point at full resolution in a non compressed format would kill my server bandwidth for days.How about the next best thing an completely nude except for a conversion to 8bits and save as JPG [download#8#size]
. Let us just chalk this up to a grain fetish or something. Have fun.
RB


{% extends 'registration/base.html' %} {% load bootstrap3 %} {% load static %} {% block styles %} {% bootstrap_css %} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
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Whether you’re supporting your family or saving for something big, Uber gives you the freedom to get behind the wheel when it makes sense for you. Choose when you drive, where you go, and who you pick up.


Scan and Sync
Tap iBeacon is boot to share you contact information.
Manage Contacts
View Profile of contacts and directly contact people you connect with
Hire talented people
Exponential multiple the mnumber of people you meet in one recruitement outing without needing to talk to all of them


func CreateSignedCCDepSpecForInstall(pack []*common.Envelope) (*common.Envelope, error)
CreateSignedCCDepSpecForInstall creates the final package from a set of packages signed by owners. This is similar to how the SDK assembles a TX from various proposal responses from the signatures.
func ExtractSignedCCDepSpec(env *common.Envelope) (*common.ChannelHeader, *peer.SignedChaincodeDeploymentSpec, error)
ExtractSignedCCDepSpec extracts the messages from the envelope
func OwnerCreateSignedCCDepSpec(cds *peer.ChaincodeDeploymentSpec, instPolicy *common.SignaturePolicyEnvelope, owner msp.SigningIdentity) (*common.Envelope, error)
OwnerCreateSignedCCDepSpec creates a package from a ChaincodeDeploymentSpec and optionally endorses it
func SignExistingPackage(env *common.Envelope, owner msp.SigningIdentity) (*common.Envelope, error)
SignExistingPackage adds a signature to a signed package.
func ValidateCip(baseCip, otherCip *peer.SignedChaincodeDeploymentSpec) error
ValidateCip validate the endorsed package against the base package


FITSIO Home
Next: 9. Specialized CFITSIO Interface
Up: 8. Hierarchical Grouping Routines
Previous: 8.1 Grouping Table Routines
Contents
- 1
- Return the number of member HDUs in a grouping table gfptr. The number
member HDUs is just the NAXIS2 value (number of rows) of the grouping
table.
int fits_get_num_members / ffgtnm
(fitsfile *gfptr, > long *nmembers, int *status)
- 2
- Return the number of groups to which the HDU pointed to by mfptr is
linked, as defined by the number of GRPIDn/GRPLCn keyword records that
appear in its header. Note that each time this function is called, the
indices of the GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords are checked to make sure they
are continuous (ie no gaps) and are re-enumerated to eliminate gaps if
found.
int fits_get_num_groups / ffgmng
(fitsfile *mfptr, > long *nmembers, int *status)
- 3
- Open a member of the grouping table pointed to by gfptr. The member to
open is identified by its row number within the grouping table as given
by the parameter 'member' (first member == 1) . A fitsfile pointer to
the opened member HDU is returned as mfptr. Note that if the member HDU
resides in a FITS file different from the grouping table HDU then the
member file is first opened readwrite and, failing this, opened readonly.
int fits_open_member / ffgmop
(fitsfile *gfptr, long member, > fitsfile **mfptr, int *status)
- 4
- Copy (append) a member HDU of the grouping table pointed to by gfptr.
The member HDU is identified by its row number within the grouping table
as given by the parameter 'member' (first member == 1). The copy of the
group member HDU will be appended to the FITS file pointed to by mfptr,
and upon return mfptr shall point to the copied member HDU. The cpopt
parameter may take on the following values: OPT_MCP_ADD which adds a new
entry in gfptr for the copied member HDU, OPT_MCP_NADD which does not add
an entry in gfptr for the copied member, and OPT_MCP_REPL which replaces
the original member entry with the copied member entry.
int fits_copy_member / ffgmcp
(fitsfile *gfptr, fitsfile *mfptr, long member, int cpopt, > int *status)
- 5
- Transfer a group member HDU from the grouping table pointed to by
infptr to the grouping table pointed to by outfptr. The member HDU to
transfer is identified by its row number within infptr as specified by
the parameter 'member' (first member == 1). If tfopt == OPT_MCP_ADD then
the member HDU is made
a member of outfptr and remains a member of infptr. If tfopt == OPT_MCP_MOV
then the member HDU is deleted from infptr after the transfer to outfptr.
int fits_transfer_member / ffgmtf
(fitsfile *infptr, fitsfile *outfptr, long member, int tfopt,
> int *status)
- 6
- Remove a member HDU from the grouping table pointed to by gfptr. The
member HDU to be deleted is identified by its row number in the grouping
table as specified by the parameter 'member' (first member == 1). The rmopt
parameter may take on the following values: OPT_RM_ENTRY which
removes the member HDU entry from the grouping table and updates the
member's GRPIDn/GRPLCn keywords, and OPT_RM_MBR which removes the member
HDU entry from the grouping table and deletes the member HDU itself.
int fits_remove_member / ffgmrm
(fitsfile *fptr, long member, int rmopt, > int *status)
FITSIO Home
Next: 9. Specialized CFITSIO Interface
Up: 8. Hierarchical Grouping Routines
Previous: 8.1 Grouping Table Routines
Contents


The 2018 Audi A6 is a midsize luxury sedan that slots above the compact A4 and below the full-size A8. For now, all-wheel drive comes standard but we wouldn’t be surprised to see a front-drive four-cylinder model arrive later. Three trim levels are available on the 2019 A6.
Learn MoreCompared to its predecessor, the BMW 7 Series is better-looking, more luxurious, and comes packed with even more cutting-edge technology. But it's also been on sale since 2015, which means it's time for an update. Especially if it wants to close the sales gap between it and the Mercedes-Benz S-Class
Learn MoreThe 2019 Mercedes-Benz S-Class lineup gets a plug-in hybrid version called the S 560e that’s only be available as a sedan. AMG models get new options, a wood/leather or Dinamica/carbon fiber performance steering wheel. Maybach variants are now available with two-tone double clear coat exterior colors and contrast stitching in platinum gold or copper. Coupe and convertible models are now available in the Exclusive Edition variant, which features LED headlights embedded with Swarovski crystals, light brown wood trim, Aragonite Silver or Rubellite Red exterior colors, designo Nappa leather two-tone upholstery, and unique floor mats.
Learn More


THE HISTORY
After Magpul unveiled the original experimental prototype in 2010, Denver-based Ronin Motorworks, a wholly independent business and legal entity, was formed to investigate the possibility of manufacturing a production version of the concept bike. Ronin Motorworks hired a staff of designers and engineers from the motorcycling industryand spent the next year and a half evaluating the initial Magpul design and reengineering every facet and component of the bike from scratch using the original prototype as inspiration.
In early 2012, design of the newmotorcycle was completed, and the bike was authorized for licensed sale under the Magpul name. At that time, the decision was made to move forward with a limited-production run using new Buell 1125 chassis that had been kept in inventory.
the magpul ronin
Ronin Motorworks is pleased to announce the official release of the “Magpul Ronin” in 2013. The original Magpul Ronin was an experimental concept motorcycle born of a Magpul Industries Corp. design exercise. Taken from the Japanese word for a samurai who no longer has a master, the name “Ronin” was chosen after the Buell Motorcycle Company ceased production and closed its doors in 2009. The model 1125R was selected due to its high level of performance and aesthetic potential, both of which were never fully realized in the motorcycle’s original form.
THE PRESENT
Limited to a production run of 47 Ronin motorcycles, each hand-built bike will be issued a name - in lieu of a serial number - that corresponds with each of the 47 Ronin of ancient Japanese lore. An initial release of 10 bikes in the original silver and black trim will start at $38,000. There will be multiple incarnations in the line at price points corresponding with their finish and features.
THE FUTURE
Release of the Ronin models will begin in mid-2013 and will occur in stages until the 47th Ronin leaves the workshop, at which time production will cease.
Send us an email and we’ll contact you with updates, availablity and news about the evolution of the Ronin.


Hi everybody,
I recently built this project:
http://openenergymonitor.org/emon/node/58
At first it worked fine. After building the circuit I wrapped the CT sensor around a wire connected to a lamp (only one of the two wires of AC). When i switched on the lamp, the values shown in serial monitor changed proportionally. Wonderful, it worked OK.
Next day, i tested it again and nothing happened. I spent several hours checking the circuit and changing some of the components (and then changing every component, including Arduino itself) But i couldn't make it work again. The serial monitor shows a lot of readings from analog input, but when i switched on the light nothing happened...
I tested the CT sensor with a multimeter. It responds OK. It shows continuity and some measure in the multimeter display.
I don't have another CT sensor to try with, but it seems to me very weird that it could broke.
One strange thing is: sometimes when the light is switched on, the arduino hangs and i have to disconnect it from serial port and connect it again. I thought the arduino was the problem so i tried with one, two and three different boards... with no luck.
I don't supply code or schematics here because they are identically to the ones in the url above.
Any ideas about what can be happening?
Thank you in advance,
Carlos.
Re: CT Sensor circuit not working
You have made the circuit with only the current sensing part, the three resistors, capacitor and links on the left-hand side of the prototype board. Is that correct?
1. Is you Arduino working correctly without the prototype board connected?
2. If you connect the prototype board using ONLY the red and black wires, is the 5 V supply present and correct? Do you measure 2.5 V d.c. approx. on both wires to the current transformer, and on the disconnected yellow wire?
3. If you now connect the yellow wire to Analog In 1, but do not put the c.t. around the lamp wire, does the Arduino hang when you switch the lamp on and off?
4. If you change this part of the sketch like this:
void loop()
{
// emon1.calcVI(20,2000); // Calculate all. No.of wavelengths, time-out
// emon1.serialprint(); // Print out all variables
Serial.println(analogRead(2));
delay(1000);
}
do you see a number close to 512 printed every 1 second?
5. If you load the sketch from here http://openenergymonitor.org/emon/node/1705#comment-8535 do you see a flat line in the middle of the range, and when you put your c.t. on the lamp cable, do you see a full sine wave something like the picture/text file listing in that post?


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Opinion: Namibian football scored an own goal 22 Nov 2019, 09:03 by Otniel Hembapu Home \ Sports \ Opinion: Namibian football scored an own goal - New Era Live


{% extends "layouts/default.html" %} {% block title %} Flask Web开发快速模板 {% endblock %} {% block content %}
hi, {{current_user.nickname}}, your login was successful :)


abstract fun partyFromAnonymous(party: AbstractParty): Party?
Resolves a (optionally) confidential identity to the corresponding well-known identity Party. It transparently handles returning the well-known identity back if a (current) well-known identity is passed in. If a historic Party is passed in, method returns another Party with the same X.500 name but different key, which correspond to the current well-known identity.
party
- Identity to determine well-known identity for.
Return
Well-known identity, if found.


Contacts
The
contacts
object provides access to the device contacts database.
Methods
Arguments
Objects
- Contact
- ContactName
- ContactField
- ContactAddress
- ContactOrganization
- ContactAccount
- ContactFindOptions
- ContactError
contacts.create
Returns a new Contact object.
var contact = navigator.service.contacts.create(properties);
Description
contacts.create is a synchronous function that returns a new Contact
object.
This method does not persist the Contact object to the device contacts database. To persist the Contact object to the device, invoke the Contact.save
method.
Supported Platforms
- Android
- BlackBerry Widgets (OS 5.0 and higher)
Quick Example
var myContact = navigator.service.contacts.create({"displayName": "Test User"});
Full Example
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">

<title>Contact Example</title>

Example

Create Contact

contacts.find
Queries the device contacts database and returns one or more Contact
objects, each containing the fields specified.
navigator.service.contacts.find(contactFields, contactSuccess, contactError, contactFindOptions);
Description
contacts.find is an asynchronous function that queries the device contacts database and returns an array of Contact
objects. The resulting objects are passed to the contactSuccess
callback function specified by the contactSuccess parameter.
Users must specify the contact fields to be used as a search qualifier in the contactFields parameter. Only the fields specified in the contactFields parameter will be returned as properties of the Contact
objects that are passed to the contactSuccess callback function. A zero-length contactFields parameter will result in an array of empty Contact
objects.
The contactFindOptions.filter string can be used as a search filter when querying the contacts database. If provided, a case-insensitive, partial value match is applied to each field specified in the contactFields parameter. If a match is found in a comparison with any of the specified fields, the contact is returned.
Parameters
-
contactFields: Contact fields to be used as search qualifier. Only these fields will have values in the resulting
Contact
objects. (DOMString[]) [Required] - contactSuccess: Success callback function that is invoked with the contacts returned from the contacts database. [Required]
- contactError: Error callback function. Invoked when error occurs. [Optional]
- contactFindOptions: Search options to limit and/or filter contacts. [Optional]
Supported Platforms
- Android
- BlackBerry Widgets (OS 5.0 and higher)
Quick Example
function onSuccess(contacts) {
alert('Found ' + contacts.length + ' contacts.');
};
function onError() {
alert('onError!');
};
// find all contacts with 'Bob' in any name field
var options = new ContactFindOptions();
options.filter="Bob";
var fields = ["displayName", "names"];
navigator.service.contacts.find(fields, onSuccess, onError, options);
Full Example
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">

<title>Contact Example</title>

Example

Find Contacts

Contact
Contains properties that describe a contact, such as a user's personal or business contact.
Properties
- id: A globally unique identifier. (DOMString)
- displayname: The name of this Contact, suitable for display to end-users. (DOMString)
- name: An object containing all components of a persons name. (ContactName)
- nickname: A casual name to address the contact by. (DOMString)
- phoneNumbers: An array of all the contact's phone numbers. (ContactField[])
- emails: An array of all the contact's email addresses. (ContactField[])
- addresses: An array of all the contact's addresses. (ContactAddresses[])
- ims: An array of all the contact's IM addresses. (ContactField[])
- organizations: An array of all the contact's organizations. (ContactOrganization[])
- published: The date the contact was first added to the database. (DOMString)
- updated: The last date the contact was updated. (DOMString)
- birthday: The birthday of the contact. (DOMString)
- anniversary: The wedding anniversary of the contact. (DOMString)
- gender: The gender of the contact. (DOMString)
- note: A note about the contact. (DOMString)
- preferredUsername: The preferred username of the contact. (DOMString)
- photos: An array of all the contact's photos. (ContactField[])
- tags: An array of all the contacts user defined tags. (ContactField[])
- relationships: An array of all the contact's relationships. (ContactField[])
- urls: An array of web pages associated to the contact. (ContactField[])
- accounts: An array of accounts associated to the contact. (ContactAccount[])
- utcOffset: The offset from UTC of the contacts time zone. (DOMString)
- connected: Only true if the contact and the user have a bi-directional relationship. (DOMString)
Methods
-
clone: Returns a new Contact object that is a deep copy of the calling object, with the id property set to
null
. -
remove: Removes the contact from the device contacts database. An error callback is called with a
ContactError
object if the removal is unsuccessful. - save: Saves a new contact to the device contacts database, or updates an existing contact if a contact with the same id already exists.
Details
The Contact
object represents a user contact. Contacts can be created, saved to, or removed from the device contacts database. Contacts can also be retrieved (individually or in bulk) from the database by invoking the contacts.find
method.
Note: Not all of the above contact fields are supported on every device platform. Please check each platform's Quirks section for information about which fields are supported.
Supported Platforms
- Android
- BlackBerry Widgets (OS 5.0 and higher)
Save Quick Example
// create a new contact object
var contact = navigator.service.contacts.create();
contact.displayName = "Plumber";
// populate some fields
var name = new ContactName();
name.givenName = "Jane";
name.familyName = "Doe";
contact.name = name;
// save to device
contact.save();
Clone Quick Example
// clone the contact object
var clone = contact.clone();
clone.name.givenName = "John";
console.log("Original contact name = " + contact.name.givenName);
console.log("Cloned contact name = " + clone.name.givenName);
Remove Quick Example
function onSuccess() {
alert("Removal Success");
};
function onError(contactError) {
alert("Error = " + contactError.code);
};
// remove the contact from the device
contact.remove(onSuccess,onError);
Full Example
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">

<title>Contact Example</title>

Example

Find Contacts

Android 2.X Quirks
- save function not yet supported.
-
published: This property is not support by Android 2.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
updated: This property is not support by Android 2.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
gender: This property is not support by Android 2.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
preferredUsername: This property is not support by Android 2.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
photos: This property is not support by Android 2.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
tags: This property is not support by Android 2.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
accounts: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
utcOffset: This property is not support by Android 2.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
connected: This property is not support by Android 2.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
.
Android 1.X Quirks
- save function not yet supported.
-
name: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
nickname: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
published: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
updated: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
birthday: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
anniversary: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
gender: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
preferredUsername: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
photos: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
tags: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
relationships: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
urls: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
accounts: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
utcOffset: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
connected: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
.
BlackBerry Widgets (OS 5.0 and higher) Quirks
- id: Supported. Assigned by device when contact is saved.
- displayname: Supported. Stored in BlackBerry title field.
- name: Supported.
-
nickname: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
. - phoneNumbers: Partially supported. Phone numbers will be stored in BlackBerry fields homePhone1 and homePhone2 if type is 'home', workPhone1 and workPhone2 if type is 'work', mobilePhone if type is 'mobile', faxPhone if type is 'fax', pagerPhone if type is 'pager', and otherPhone if type is none of the above.
- emails: Partially supported. The first three email addresses will be stored in the BlackBerry email1, email2, and email3 fields, respectively.
- addresses: Partially supported. The first and second addresses will be stored in the BlackBerry homeAddress and workAddress fields, respectively.
-
ims: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
. - organizations: Partially supported. The name and title of the first organization are stored in the BlackBerry company and title fields, respectively.
-
published: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
. -
updated: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
. - birthday: Supported.
- anniversary: Supported.
-
gender: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
. - note: Supported.
-
preferredUsername: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
. -
photos: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
. -
tags: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
. -
relationships: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
. - urls: Partially supported. The first url is stored in BlackBerry webpage field.
-
accounts: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
. -
utcOffset: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
. -
connected: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
.
ContactAccount
Contains user account properties of a Contact
object.
Properties
- domain: The top-most authoritative domain for this account. (DOMString)
- username: An alphanumeric user name. (DOMString)
- userid: A user ID number, usually chosen automatically, and usually numeric but sometimes alphanumeric. (DOMString)
Details
The ContactAccount
object stores user account properties of a contact. A Contact
object stores one or more accounts in a ContactAddress[]
array.
Supported Platforms
- None
Quick Example
function onSuccess(contacts) {
for (var i=0; i<contacts.length; i++) {
for (var j=0; j<contacts[i].accounts.length; j++) {
console.log("User Name = " + contacts[i].accounts[j].username;
}
}
};
function onError() {
alert('onError!');
};
// find all contacts
var options = new ContactFindOptions();
options.filter="";
var filter = ["displayName","accounts"];
navigator.service.contacts.find(filter, onSuccess, onError, options);
Full Example
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">

<title>Contact Example</title>

Example

Find Contacts

ContactAddress
Contains address properties for a Contact
object.
Properties
- formatted: The full address formatted for display. (DOMString)
- streetAddress: The full street address. (DOMString)
- locality: The city or locality. (DOMString)
- region: The state or region. (DOMString)
- postalCode: The zip code or postal code. (DOMString)
- country: The country name. (DOMString)
Details
The ContactAddress
object stores the properties of a single address of a contact. A Contact
object can have one or more addresses in a ContactAddress[]
array.
Supported Platforms
- Android
- BlackBerry Widgets (OS 5.0 and higher)
Quick Example
// display the address information for all contacts
function onSuccess(contacts) {
for (var i=0; i<contacts.length; i++) {
for (var j=0; j<contacts[i].addresses.length; j++) {
alert("Formatted: " + contacts[i].addresses[j].formatted + "\n" +
"Street Address: " + contacts[i].addresses[j].streetAddress + "\n" +
"Locality: " + contacts[i].addresses[j].locality + "\n" +
"Region: " + contacts[i].addresses[j].region + "\n" +
"Postal Code: " + contacts[i].addresses[j].postalCode + "\n" +
"Country: " + contacts[i].addresses[j].country);
}
}
};
function onError() {
alert('onError!');
};
// find all contacts
var options = new ContactFindOptions();
options.filter="";
var filter = ["displayName","addresses"];
navigator.service.contacts.find(filter, onSuccess, onError, options);
Full Example
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">

<title>Contact Example</title>

Example

Find Contacts

Android 1.X Quirks
-
streetAddress: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always return
null
. -
locality: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always return
null
. -
region: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always return
null
. -
postalCode: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always return
null
. -
country: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always return
null
.
BlackBerry Widget (OS 5.0 and higher) Quirks
- formatted: Partially supported. Will return concatenation of all BlackBerry address fields.
- streetAddress: Supported. Will return concatenation of BlackBerry address1 and address2 address fields.
- locality: Supported. Stored in BlackBerry city address field.
- region: Supported. Stored in BlackBerry stateProvince address field.
- postalCode: Supported. Stored in BlackBerry zipPostal address field.
- country: Supported.
ContactField
Supports generic fields in a Contact
object. Some properties that are stored as ContactField
objects include email addresses, phone numbers, and urls.
Properties
- type: A string that tells you what type of field this is (example: 'home'). (DOMString)
- value: The value of the field (such as a phone number or email address). (DOMString)
-
primary: Set to
true
if thisContactField
contains the user's preferred value. (boolean)
Details
The ContactField
object is a reusable component that is used to support contact fields in a generic fashion. Each ContactField
object contains a value property, a type property, and a primary property. A Contact
object stores several properties in ContactField[]
arrays, such as phone numbers and email addresses.
Supported Platforms
- Android
- BlackBerry Widgets (OS 5.0 and higher)
Quick Example
// create a new contact
var contact = navigator.service.contacts.create();
// store contact phone numbers in ContactField[]
var phoneNumbers = [3];
phoneNumbers[0] = new ContactField('work', '212-555-1234', false);
phoneNumbers[1] = new ContactField('mobile', '917-555'-5432', true); // primary number
phoneNumbers[2] = new ContactField('home', '203-555-7890', false);
contact.phoneNumbers = phoneNumbers;
// save the contact
contact.save();
Full Example
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">

<title>Contact Example</title>

Example

Find Contacts

Android Quirks
-
primary: This property is not support by Android devices, and will always return
false
.
BlackBerry Widget (OS 5.0 and higher) Quirks
- type: Partially supported. Used for phone numbers.
- value: Supported.
-
primary: This property is not supported, and will always return
false
.
ContactFindOptions
Contains properties that can be used to limit or filter the results of a contacts.find
operation.
Properties
- filter: The search string used to find contacts. (DOMString) (Default: "")
- multiple: Determines if the find operation should return multiple contacts. (Boolean) (Default: true)
- limit: The maximum number of contacts to return. Only used if multiple is true. (Number) (Default: MAXINT)
- updatedSince: Only return contacts updated since the date specified. (Date) (Default: "")
Supported Platforms
- Android
- BlackBerry Widgets (OS 5.0 and higher)
Quick Example
// success callback
function onSuccess(contacts) {
for (var i=0; i<contacts.length; i++) {
alert(contacts[i].displayName);
}
};
// error callback
function onError() {
alert('onError!');
};
// specify contact search criteria
var options = new ContactFindOptions();
options.filter=""; // empty search string returns all contacts
options.multiple=true; // return multiple results
options.limit=10; // limit results to 10 contacts
filter = ["displayName"]; // return contact.displayName field
// find contacts
navigator.service.contacts.find(filter, onSuccess, onError, options);
Full Example
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">

<title>Contact Example</title>

Example

Find Contacts

ContactName
Contains name properties of a Contact
object.
Properties
- formatted: The complete name of the contact. (DOMString)
- familyName: The contacts family name. (DOMString)
- givenName: The contacts given name. (DOMString)
- middleName: The contacts middle name. (DOMString)
- honorificPrefix: The contacts prefix (example Mr. or Dr.) (DOMString)
- honorificSuffix: The contacts suffix (example Esq.). (DOMString)
Details
The ContactName
object stores name properties of a contact.
Supported Platforms
- Android 2.X
- BlackBerry Widgets (OS 5.0 and higher)
Quick Example
function onSuccess(contacts) {
for (var i=0; i<contacts.length; i++) {
alert("Formatted: " + contacts[i].name.formatted + "\n" +
"Family Name: " + contacts[i].name.familyName + "\n" +
"Given Name: " + contacts[i].name.givenName + "\n" +
"Middle Name: " + contacts[i].name.middleName + "\n" +
"Suffix: " + contacts[i].name.honorificSuffix + "\n" +
"Prefix: " + contacts[i].name.honorificSuffix);
}
};
function onError() {
alert('onError!');
};
var options = new ContactFindOptions();
options.filter="";
filter = ["displayName","name"];
navigator.service.contacts.find(filter, onSuccess, onError, options);
Full Example
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">

<title>Contact Example</title>

Example

Find Contacts

BlackBerry Widgets (OS 5.0 and higher) Quirks
- formatted: Partially supported. Will return concatenation of BlackBerry firstName and lastName fields.
- familyName: Supported. Stored in BlackBerry lastName field.
- givenName: Supported. Stored in BlackBerry firstName field.
-
middleName: This property is not supported, and will always return
null
. -
honorificPrefix: This property is not supported, and will always return
null
. -
honorificSuffix: This property is not supported, and will always return
null
.
ContactOrganization
Contains organization properties of a Contact
object.
Properties
- name: The name of the organization. (DOMString)
- department: The department the contract works for. (DOMString)
- title: The contacts title at the organization. (DOMString)
- startDate: The date the contact started working with the organization. (DOMString)
- endDate: The date the contact finished working with the organization. (DOMString)
- location: The address of the location. (DOMString)
- description: A description of the role the contact has in the organization. (DOMString)
Details
The ContactOrganization
object stores a contact's organization properties. A Contact
object stores one or more ContactOrganization
objects in an array.
Supported Platforms
- Android
- BlackBerry Widgets (OS 5.0 and higher)
Quick Example
function onSuccess(contacts) {
for (var i=0; i<contacts.length; i++) {
for (var j=0; j<contacts[i].organizations.length; j++) {
alert("Name: " + contacts[i].organizations[j].name + "\n" +
"Department: " + contacts[i].organizations[j].department + "\n" +
"Title: " + contacts[i].organizations[j].title + "\n" +
"Start Date: " + contacts[i].organizations[j].startDate + "\n" +
"End Date: " + contacts[i].organizations[j].endDate + "\n" +
"Location: " + contacts[i].organizations[j].location + "\n" +
"Description: " + contacts[i].organizations[j].description);
}
}
};
function onError() {
alert('onError!');
};
var options = new ContactFindOptions();
options.filter="";
filter = ["displayName","organizations"];
navigator.service.contacts.find(filter, onSuccess, onError, options);
Full Example
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">

<title>Contact Example</title>

Example

Find Contacts

Android 2.X Quirks
-
startDate: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
endDate: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
.
Android 1.X Quirks
-
title: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
startDate: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
endDate: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
location: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
. -
description: This property is not support by Android 1.X devices, and will always be returned as
null
.
BlackBerry Widget (OS 5.0 and higher) Quirks
- name: Partially supported. The first organization name will be stored in the BlackBerry company field.
-
department: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
. - title: Partially supported. The first organization title will be stored in the BlackBerry jobTitle field.
-
startDate: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
. -
endDate: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
. -
location: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
. -
description: This property is not supported, and will always be returned as
null
.
ContactError
A ContactError
object is returned to the contactError
callback when an error occurs.
Properties
- code: One of the predefined error codes listed below.
Constants
ContactError.UNKNOWN_ERROR
ContactError.INVALID_ARGUMENT_ERROR
ContactError.NOT_FOUND_ERROR
ContactError.TIMEOUT_ERROR
ContactError.PENDING_OPERATION_ERROR
ContactError.IO_ERROR
ContactError.NOT_SUPPORTED_ERROR
ContactError.PERMISSION_DENIED_ERROR
Description
The ContactError
object is returned to the user through the contactError
callback function when an error occurs.
contactSuccess
Success callback function that provides the Contact
array resulting from a contacts.find
operation.
function(contacts) {
// Do something
}
Parameters
-
contacts: The contact array resulting from a find operation. (
Contact
)
Example
function contactSuccess(contacts) {
for (var i=0; i<contacts.length; i++) {
console.log("Display Name = " + contacts[i].displayName;
}
contactError
Error callback function for contact functions.
function(error) {
// Handle the error
}
contactFields
Required parameter of the contacts.find
method. Use this parameter to specify which fields should be included in the Contact
objects resulting from a find operation.
["name", "phoneNumbers", "emails"]
contactFindOptions
Optional parameter of the contacts.find
method. Use this parameter to limit and/or filter the contacts returned from the contacts database.
{
filter: "",
multiple: true,
limit: 5,
updatedSince: ""
};
Options
- filter: The search string used to filter contacts. (DOMString) (Default: "")
- multiple: Determines if the find operation should return multiple contacts. (Boolean) (Default: true)
-
limit: The maximum number of contacts to return. Only applied if multiple is
true
. (Number) (Default: MAXINT) - updatedSince: Only return contacts updated since the date specified. (Date) (Default: "")


In lesson I, we successfully modeled a simple file system. It had file system objects (which were divided into files and directories), a single root directory, and parent and child relationships between the file system objects. We verified through Alloy assertions that the system obeyed certain correctness properties.
However, our model is static: It has a set of file system objects and relations between them, but that set and those relations cannot change in any way. Thus, the model is inadequate if we'd like to model dynamic aspects of file systems, such as move and delete operations. To do so, we will create a model that allows for multiple file systems, and we will express "move" and "delete" as transitions between these file systems. That is, each file system can be thought of as a different version of the same file system after a mutating operation has been performed.
Our first signature declaration declares a set of file system objects called FSObject, just like it did in the previous version. However, this time the body is empty -- it does not contain a parent relation field. Since this model will allow for multiple file systems, the parent relation is not a single entity that exists between all file system objects; there is a different one for each file system, so it belongs with the FileSystem signature (discussed below)
// A file system object in the file system abstract sig FSObject { }
Next we see a single signature being used to declare both File and Dir simultaneously. As before, they are disjoint subsets of FSObject. However, this time theirs bodies are identical (both are empty), so we can define them more compactly in a single statement.
// File system objects must be either directories or files. sig File, Dir extends FSObject { }
The third and final signature in the model declares the set FileSystem, representing the set of all file systems. The body of this signature declares four relations that every file system needs: root, live, contents, and parent. Note that when multiple fields are declared within a single signature body, they are separated by commas.
// A File System sig FileSystem { root: Dir, live: set FSObject, contents: Dir lone-> FSObject, parent: FSObject ->lone Dir }
The first field relates each file system to exactly one directory, its root.
The live relation relates each file system to the set of file system objects it contains. The set keyword allows the contents relation to relate FileSystems to any number of file system objects (even zero). Omitting the set keyword would constrain the live relation to map every file system to exactly one file system object -- a mistake if you want non-trivial file systems!
You'll notice that the syntax of the contents and parent relations are markedly different from the other fields.
contents: Dir lone-> FSObject, parent: FSObject ->lone Dir
These are ternary relations, defined using the relational product operator ("->"). Think of them as fields which are themselves relations. The contents relation maps each file system to a binary relation from directories to file system objects. Similarly, parent relates each file system to file system objects to directories.
When declaring a ternary relation, multiplicity markings may be placed on either side of the arrow. In this model, we've used the "lone" multiplicity marking on the left side of the arrow in the contents relation and on the right side of the arrow in the parent relation. The "lone" marking means "zero or one" just like when it is used as a quantifier. In the contents relation, the "lone" constrains each FSObject to be in the contents of at most one directory in a given file system. In the parent relation, it means every file system object in a given file system has at most one parent.
There are three constraints in FileSystem's appended fact.
{ // root has no parent no root.parent // live objects must be reachable from the root live in root.*contents // parent is the inverse of contents parent = ~contents }
Of course, this appended fact could have been written as a separate fact statement, as follows:
1. fact { 2. all fs: FileSystem { 3. no fs.root.(fs.parent) 4. fs.live in fs.root.*(fs.contents) 5. fs.parent = ~(fs.contents) 6. } 7. }
Line 3 says that the root directory of a file system has no parent. Line 4 constrains the set of all live objects in the file system to be reachable from the root by following the contents relation zero or more times. Line 5 ensures the parent relation is always the inverse of the contents relation. That is, f in d.contents if and only if d in f.parent.
Note that the constraints in the signature fact are defining what the relations mean more than they are actually imposing external constraints on the relations. It is common practice to using appended facts to further define the system with sanity constraints, while reserving fact statements to impose less trivial and more domain-specific constraints.
Here we saw a slightly different way of writing a quantifier. Rather than separating the quantification from the predicate with a bar, "|", we surround the predicate in curly braces, "{ }". Using curly braces can sometimes make the quantified statement easier to read.
related sidenotes:
Let's now generate some example visualizations of our file system. We will create an empty predicate called example which we will run to generate such instances.
pred example { }
The final statement of the model is an Alloy run command. When executed, it will try to find a solution to the model in which there is exactly 1 FileSystem and up to 4 FileSytemObjects.
run example for exactly 1 FileSystem, 4 FSObject
Executing it may give you an instance similar to the following instance:
The [File] annotation is used to illustrate the middle atom File in the ternery tuple "(FileSystem, File, Dir)" is in the parent field, and likewise the [Dir] annotation means that the middle atom Dir is in the ternery tuple "(FileSystem, Dir, File)" in the contents field.
In general, visualizing ternery relations or higher arity relations can be very difficult. In this case though, we can simply click the projection pull down menu, then click on FileSystem to project the solution over the FileSystem sig. That means remove FileSystem atoms from any tuple in the solution, and if there are more than one FileSystem, then display the intersection of each FileSystem with the solution as a separate slide in a slide show.
Now, we get a slide show of N diagrams where N is the number of FileSystem atoms in the solution. Since we wrote "exactly 1 FileSystem" in the run command, that means there will always be exactly 1 FileSystem atom, and we are viewing the instance as it pertains to this particular FileSystem atom.
Right away we can see that our File System model is incorrect: the root directory contains a file, but that file isn't considered a live object in this file system (since that file doesn't have the "live" label). This is because we did not specify enough constraints in the model. In the next lesson, we will look at fixing these problems in this model.