Although each curricular piece of MDP has a distinct emphasis and pedagogical approach, a critical investigation of technology's creative potential runs through the entire MFA program. In other words, the Creative Technology classes are not the only place in MDP that deals with 'creative technology,' in theory and in practice.
As students advance through the program, culminating a thesis project, they will:
Although the Creative Technology class includes weekly assignments and a fair amount of specific technical instruction, it is primarily organized to be a 'creative workshop,' where students can experiment and contemplate technology as part of their practice, as well as a space to review lots of technology-related work by other designers and artists. Projects will have deadlines with presentations and critical discussions, but we de-emphasize these events as major delivery milestones. (This does not mean we do not expect students to produce some formally and conceptually refined pieces at several points in their journey through this class.) We are concerned, primarily, about how students are documenting and reflecting on their investigations as they go along. At the start of the term, students will set up a GitHub repository, which they will use as a space for this.
CT Projects focuses on engaging with technology as a generative exercise ("making to think"). Each project lasts 1-3 weeks, and typically comprises practical workshops framed within an open-ended creative brief. The projects are designed to allow students to dive in and create, regardless of their level of experience and familiarity working with code or electronics. The projects are open to all MDP students, space permitting.
In Concept year, The Creative Technology class includes a weekly seminar, in addition to the series of hands-on creative projects. The seminar and projects are run as separate entities, but sometimes there is a topical alignment between them.
CT Seminar introduces relevant domains, concepts, methods, critical positions, through presentation and discussion of readings, projects and practices. The syllabus is diverse but focused, and draws from fields of Interaction Design, Interactive Media Arts, and Science Technology Society studies (STS).


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Report: Arsenal to use Granit Xhaka in Denis Zakaria bid
by Jordan HarrisAccording to a report from the Daily Mirror, Arsenal could allow Granit Xhaka to return to Borussia Monchengladbach in an attempt to pave the way for a future move for Denis Zakaria.
Zakaria has been outstanding for the surprise Bundesliga leaders. The Daily Mirror reports that several top clubs across Europe want the 22-year-old.
But it appears that Arsenal have an ace up their sleeve as they look to land the midfielder. The Daily Mirror reports that the Gunners could allow Xhaka to return to Monchengladbach during the January transfer window.
The Mirror suggests that Newcastle United also want Xhaka. However, the Swiss would reportedly favour a move back to his former club.
The report notes that Arsenal, in return for Xhaka, would want first refusal on Zakaria next summer.
TBR View – Could Xhaka soon secure the popularity he craves at Arsenal?
From the outside, it does appear that there is no way back for Xhaka at the Emirates. And perhaps his exit may make him more popular than he has been for the large majority of his Arsenal spell.
Gunners fans are probably ready for the 27-year-old to leave anyway. So it would be perhaps be best for all parties if Xhaka returns to Germany, particularly if it boosts the chances of Zakaria moving in the opposite direction at the end of the season.
Have something to tell us about this article?
Let us know


A side-project one page Rails app that utilizes the Twitter API to display the last 100 tweets with the words, "49ers" and "Coach." Made and deployed in one day, this was more of a fun pet project that allowed me to get a feel for the Twitter gem.
As an added bonus, there is also a "Jed York" watch page that brings up any mentions whatsoever of York on Twitter. Things are pretty toxic these days, in regards to the 49ers ownership, and sometimes it's a lot of fun to sit back and read the vitriol. Enjoy!
Currently deployed at: http://faithfulcoachwatch.herokuapp.com/


Find stats about your Spotify music activities! Want to see your favourite genre? Check! Want to see who your favourite aritst is? Done! Want to see the danceability of your favourite song? You got it!


VDoc
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{{ partial "head.html" . }}
{{ partial "header.html" . }} {{ $skills := ( slice (dict "title" "Demography" "percentage" 33) (dict "title" "Economics" "percentage" 33) (dict "title" "Spatial Planning" "percentage" 50) (dict "title" "Data Analytics" "percentage" 75) (dict "title" "Applications Development" "percentage" 25) (dict "title" "Consultation" "percentage" 60) (dict "title" "Strategic Planning" "percentage" 50)) }} {{ $testimonials := (slice (dict "quote" "Reprehenderit eos et non et ut eum reprehenderit quis sequi quia vel repellendus id.  "author" "David White, Designer at Huglab") (dict "quote" "Reprehenderit eos et non et ut eum reprehenderit quis sequi quia vel repellendus id. Velit quit blanditiis dolor quam error eos dolores sequi eaque rerum est." "author" "David White, Designer at Huglab")) }}Geografia was formed in Australia in 2006, with the aim of bringing the techniques of complex systems analysis to how we plan for, develop and live in our cities, towns and regions. We now work around the country, as well as in SE Asia and Europe.
We are a multidisciplinary team conducting research and developing insights in demography, economics and spatial planning to inspire leaders and decision-makers to create a better future for communities around the world. We bring together more than one expert in a range of fields and techniques.


I know this probably isn't the right forum to post in. but there a lot of skilled builders/players here so I had to give it a shot since I'm sick and tired of finding my way through the jungle of bitching PWs out there. I also know that many of you like low/mid magic worlds, which is something I just haven't been able to find. so what I want is: 1. low/mid magic items 2. mid speed leveling 3. no class crippling (like disabling epic dodge, or gimping all mage spells) in fact I don't want any rule changes at all! I think the normal rules work! 4. max lvl 40 5. preferrably no RP, but there's nothing wrong with being polite to ppl.
please send PM or reply to this post if you know of a PW that you think I would like.
happy gaming
I play on a PW thats fits your description except for one thing, no Dev Crit at this point in time. Direct connect at <IP_ADDRESS>:5121 . You will need some haks so check on Neverwinter Vault for A Distant World. _________________ OS: WinXP HE MB: VIA VT8371 CPU: AMD Duron(tm) Processor, MMX, 3DNow, ~950MHz RAM: 512 MB PC133 GPU: XFX GeForce fx5200 128MB DDR AGP 8X, though my MB only has 4X, 1024 x 768 (32bit) (70Hz) Sound: Soundblaster Live! X-Gamer 16bit Direct X 9.0c


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Here's an example note of what this document is all about.
Google Sheets: Create and edit spreadsheets online.
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You have received this email because someone shared a spreadsheet with you from Google Sheets.


This web data connector allows you to access Google Sheets. Sign in or copy/paste a URL to your Google spreadsheet; connect and then choose which sheet you want to use.
Step 1: Sign in or copy/paste a URL to your Google spreadsheet (public or private)
examples
public
private
connect
Step 2: Choose sheet to use as Tableau Data Source
The sheets inside your Google workbook will be listed here
json cell parsing
json list parsing
json cell parsing
The spreadsheet you are attempting to connect to is private.
Click to grant access
Connecting...the sheets inside your Google workbook will be listed here
Connecting to workbook...
Loading workbook data...
Parsing header types...
Spreadsheet header types parsed...
{{gscStatusText}}
Connected to workbook. Pick the sheet you want to use.


6.2.10. Session Variable Store Handler¶
Table of contents
- Handler class name
- Module list
- Constraints
- Configure for using session store
- Serialize the session variables and save to the session store
- Check the session store for tampering
- Configure the transition destination during tampering error
- Change the name and attributes of the cookie that holds the session ID
- Save the expiration date in the database
This handler stores the session variables added/updated/deleted in subsequent handlers and libraries in the session store.
For details of session store functions, see Session Store .
The process flow of this handler is as follows.
Important
If processing of the same session is executed by multiple threads (for example, if there are requests from multiple tabs in the browser at the same time), then depending on the store being used, the request that comes last will be processed. See the below image for details.
Therefore, it is necessary to fully understand the characteristics of the store to be used and select the store that meets the requirements. For details of the store, see Features and selection criteria of session store .
<IP_ADDRESS>. Module list¶
<dependency>
<groupId>com.nablarch.framework</groupId>
<artifactId>nablarch-fw-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Only when using the DB store or using save the expiration date in the database -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.nablarch.framework</groupId>
<artifactId>nablarch-fw-web-dbstore</artifactId>
</dependency>
<IP_ADDRESS>. Constraints¶
- Place this handler after the HTTP Response Handler
- During servlet forward, this handler must be placed after the HTTP Response Handler so that the value of the session store can be accessed at the forward destination.
- Place this handler after the Multipart Request Handler
- This handler must be placed after the Multipart Request Handler so that the request parameters can be accessed when using the HIDDEN store.
- Place this handler before the Internal Forward Handler
- Although the session store is read and saved multiple times if the Internal Forward Handler is configured before this handler, the HIDDEN store reads the session variable from the request parameter and saves the session variable in the request scope. Therefore, there is a problem that the latest session variable cannot be obtained when using the HIDDEN store during internal forward. Therefore, place this handler before the Internal Forward Handler .
<IP_ADDRESS>. Configure for using session store¶
To use the session store, configure SessionManager which has been configured as given below to the property sessionManager of this handler.
- Session store used by the application (multiple specifications possible)
- Session store name used by default
Configure the handler by referring to the configuration example given below.
<component class="nablarch.common.web.session.SessionStoreHandler">
<property name="sessionManager" ref="sessionManager"/>
</component>
<!-- Configure with the component name "sessionManager" -->
<component name="sessionManager" class="nablarch.common.web.session.SessionManager">
<!-- Property configuration is omitted -->
</component>
For details of the property configured in SessionManager , see Configure for using session store .
<IP_ADDRESS>. Serialize the session variables and save to the session store¶
When saving the session variable in the session store with this handler, the serialization mechanism can be selected.
For details on the serialization mechanism that can be selected, see Serialization mechanism for session variable can be selected .
<IP_ADDRESS>. Check the session store for tampering¶
When reading the session variables from the session store, check the session store for tampering.
- When tampering of the HIDDEN store is detected
- HttpErrorResponse of status code 400 is thrown.
- When tampering of other stores is detected
- Exception that occurred during the decryption process of the session store is thrown without any changes.
<IP_ADDRESS>. Configure the transition destination during tampering error¶
The error page displayed when the tampering of the session store is detected must be described in web.xml. This handler must be configured before the Internal Forward Handler as described in the Constraints . In this case, Configuration of the default page cannot be applied to the exception that occurs in this handler for the following reasons. Therefore, configuration in web.xml is required.
- Reason
Internal Forward Handler must be configured before the HTTP Error Control Handler . This configuration order is required to correctly handle the internal forward path specified for Configuration of the default page of the HTTP Error Control Handler .
As a result, when an exception occurs in the handler that is configured before the Internal Forward Handler , the configuration value in the Configuration of the default page cannot be applied. Therefore, configuration in web.xml is required.
<IP_ADDRESS>. Change the name and attributes of the cookie that holds the session ID¶
The name and attributes of the cookie that holds the session ID can be changed to an arbitrary value.
The default configuration is as follows.
| Cookie name: | NABLARCH_SID
|
|---|---|
| Path attribute: | All paths under the host
Set this option separately if you want to explicitly specify all paths that can be sent
|
| Domain attribute: | |
Not specified
Set this option separately if you want to explicitly specify all domains that can be sent
|
|
| Secure attribute: | |
Not used
To use in an HTTPS environment, configure to
Use |
|
| MaxAge attribute: | |
Not specified
|
|
| HttpOnly attribute: | |
Use if the Servlet API version is 3.0 or higher
|
To change the cookie name or attribute, refer to the example given below.
<component class="nablarch.common.web.session.SessionStoreHandler">
<!-- Cookie name -->
<property name="cookieName" value="NABLARCH_SID" />
<!-- Path attribute -->
<property name="cookiePath" value="/" />
<!-- Domain attribute -->
<property name="cookieDomain" value="" />
<!-- Secure attribute -->
<property name="cookieSecure" value="false" />
<!-- Session manager -->
<property name="sessionManager" ref="sessionManager"/>
</component>
<component name="sessionManager" class="nablarch.common.web.session.SessionManager">
<property name="availableStores">
<list>
<component class="nablarch.common.web.session.store.DbStore">
<!-- Expiry interval -->
<property name="expires" value="1800" />
<!-- Other properties are omitted -->
</component>
</list>
</property>
<!-- Other properties are omitted -->
</component>
Important
The MaxAge attribute is not used because the cookie holding the session ID is a session cookie (cookie that is destroyed when the browser is closed).
The expiry interval of the session store is saved in the HTTP session. If different expiry intervals are configured between multiple stores, the longest expiry interval value is stored in the HTTP session.
Tip
Since the value of HttpOnly attribute is determined by the version of the Servlet API used in the application, an arbitrary value cannot be specified from the configuration file.
<IP_ADDRESS>. Save the expiration date in the database¶
You can change where the session expiration date is stored.
By default, HttpSessionManagedExpiration is used, so the session expiration is stored in the HTTP session.
You can save the session expiration to the database by setting the DbManagedExpiration to the expiration property of this handler.
<IP_ADDRESS>.1. Usage¶
The table used to store the expiratoin date on the database shall be the table described in the DB store when using the DB store.
Important
When saving the expiration date to the database, the SESSION_OBJECT column must not be a required attribute. The SESSION_OBJECT column will be registered as null on logout, etc., so it must be defined as a null-allowed attribute. In projects created from archetypes before 5u15, it is defined as a required attribute by default. It is necessary to issue ALTER statement or recreate the table if necessary.
If you change the table name and column names, define a component of the UserSessionSchema in DbManagedExpiration.userSessionSchema. Change the table columns in the DB store to the same ones.
Also, the expiration date needs initialize.
An example setting is shown below.
<component name="sessionStoreHandler" class="nablarch.common.web.session.SessionStoreHandler">
<!-- Other properties are omitted -->
<property name="expiration" ref="expiration" />
</component>
<component name="expiration" class="nablarch.common.web.session.DbManagedExpiration">
<!-- A class that provides transaction control to the database -->
<property name="dbManager">
<component class="nablarch.core.db.transaction.SimpleDbTransactionManager">
<property name="dbTransactionName" value="expirationTransaction"/>
</component>
</property>
<!-- The following settings are required only when changing table names
and column names from the above table definition -->
<property name="userSessionSchema" ref="userSessionSchema" />
</component>
<!-- When you change the table definition, change the DB store definition as well -->
<component name="dbStore" class="nablarch.common.web.session.store.DbStore">
<!-- Other properties are omitted -->
<property name="userSessionSchema" ref="userSessionSchema" />
</component>
<!-- The following settings are required only when changing table names
and column names from the above table definition -->
<component name="userSessionSchema" class="nablarch.common.web.session.store.UserSessionSchema">
<property name="tableName" value="USER_SESSION_DB" />
<property name="sessionIdName" value="SESSION_ID_COL" />
<property name="sessionObjectName" value="SESSION_OBJECT_COL" />
<property name="expirationDatetimeName" value="EXPIRATION_DATETIME_COL" />
</component>
<component name="initializer" class="nablarch.core.repository.initialization.BasicApplicationInitializer">
<!-- Requires initialization for expiration date -->
<property name="initializeList">
<list>
<component-ref name="expiration"/>
</list>
</property>
</component>


|
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| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
java.lang.Object gov.lbl.glamm.client.model.Pathway
public class Pathway
Model class for Pathways - ordered lists of reactions.
| Constructor Summary | |
|---|---|
Pathway()
Construction |
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
void |
addReaction(Reaction reaction)
Adds a reaction to the pathway. |
java.lang.String |
getMapId()
Gets the id of the pathway - typically a KEGG map id. |
java.lang.String |
getName()
Gets the name of the pathway. |
java.util.List<Reaction> |
getReactions()
Gets the list of the reactions in the pathway. |
void |
setMapId(java.lang.String mapId)
Sets the id of the pathway - typically a KEGG map id. |
void |
setName(java.lang.String name)
Sets the name of the pathway. |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
|---|
equals, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
| Constructor Detail |
|---|
public Pathway()
| Method Detail |
|---|
public void addReaction(Reaction reaction)
reaction
- The reaction to add.public java.lang.String getName()
public java.util.List<Reaction> getReactions()
public void setName(java.lang.String name)
name
- The name.public java.lang.String getMapId()
public void setMapId(java.lang.String mapId)
mapId
- The map id.
|
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| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |


The Client/Server library (CSlib) tries to make it easy to couple two stand-alone applications (apps) together via a simple messaging paradigm, namely the client/server model. It was designed with scientific codes in mind, but could be used by any pair of apps that match the client/server model as described in this section.
The library hides the details of the low-level messaging from the apps. Both apps may be serial, both may be parallel (via MPI), or one can be serial and the other parallel. This is useful in at least a few scenarios:
To use the library, one of the apps acts as a "client", the other as a "server", as explained in this section. Thus you need to add client or server logic to an app to call the CSlib appropriately and send/receive messages. This is often easier to do than reconfiguring a code to run as a library. If it is impossible to add new logic to an existing code (e.g. no access to source, or others will not have access to source code changes you make), you may be able to still write a simple wrapper on that code (e.g. via Python). The wrapper can call the CSlib and communicate with the other code. The wrapper can create input files for the black-box code, launch it, and parse its output.
It may make sense for the same app to be able to function as either a client or server, depending on what kind of problem is being run. In this scenario, the same code could be launched twice, once as a client and once as a server. The two instances of the same code can then exchange messages with each other.
The CSlib can be used to couple N > 2 codes together. Simply instantiate the library once for each pair of codes you couple. For example, if N = 4, and each code needs to communicate with the other 3, the CSlib could be instantiated 6 times (4*3/2). A pair of codes can also both instantiate the CSlib twice (or more), each acting once as a client and once as a server. The two codes can then exchange messages with each other on different communication "channels" as needed.
As described in the next section, the CSlib performs its messaging between two parallel codes in a simple manner, using one processor of each. Thus it is not designed to efficiently couple codes when each is running on 100s or 1000s of processors, and where they frequently exchange large amounts of data. This requires higher bandwidth parallel data transfers, where many or all processors of each code exchange data with each other simultaneously via MPI.
Solutions to that problem typically use more specialized libraries and require the two codes be linked together as one application. Here are references to papers and software on this topic:
At some point we may extend the CSlib to include options for a more parallel or high-bandwidth form of code coupling, either wrapping these tools directly or using conceptual ideas they implement.


salsa |
Salsa Steps Click on the place and time of each step. Select the steps. Too hard or too easy? Adjust the tempo. Latin Rhythm - Salsa by Cody Stumpo. http://musescore.com/codystumpo/scores/69780 MIDI engine from Sion by Keim at Si. https://sites.google.com/site/sioncenter/ |


Fousseini Konate
My name is Fousseini Konate, I am currently a junior at Point Park University. Located
in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, while I am studying Iformation Technology. I love anything about Technology, and also enjoy telling computer to do amazing things.
Get To Know Me
| Name: | Fousseini Konate |
| Hometown: | Bamako, Mali |
| Hobbies: | Basketball, Music, Movies, Naruto |
| Interest: | Technology |
| Languages: | English, French |
| High School: | Kennedy Catholic, Lee Academy |
My Current Courses
I am currently taking seven(7) classes
| My Schedule |
| The Money Thing: Life and Finance |
| Strategic Planning |
| Server Management |
| Advanced Programming |
| Piano |
| Sociological Fundation |
| Co-op Prep |
Get In Touch
Contact
| address: | Pittsburgh |
| Phone: |<PHONE_NUMBER> |
| Email: |<EMAIL_ADDRESS>|


The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is a new strain of coronavirus that first appeared in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Though it was only just discovered, 2019-nCoV has already spread rapidly in China and around the world. As of Feb. 10, 2020, the virus has led to more than 40,000 illnesses and 900 deaths in China, as well as more than 400 illnesses and two deaths outside of mainland China. (The vast majority of cases and deaths have occurred in Hubei Province, where Wuhan is located.)
- from
28 Devastating Infectious Diseases
by LiveScience


Patience, young padawan...
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ObjectResultValidationApp
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How to Install Preloader.io Service in Ubuntu 14.04
If you’re finding a solution for SEO especially for AngularJS, BackboneJS, EmberJS and other javascript frameworks. Preloader
will be one of your options.
Preloader
is a node server that uses phantomjs to create static HTML out of a javascript page.
you are able to use their solutions instead of installing in your own machine.
But, what if you just like me, want to try their service first and want to customize your own Preloader?
here are flows that show how I install Preloader in Ubuntu 14.04.
1. Create an instance in Amazon Web Service
hmmm, just go to AWS and create an instance using Ubuntu 14.04 image.
make sure you allow port 3000
can be access
2. Create a user
1 2 3 |
|
3. Make sure you can login using new user without pem key
1 2 3 4 |
|
then put the content in ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
in your local machine into it.
4. Install all services
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 |
|
5. Now you can try in browser
http://your.ip:3000/https://www.google.com
6. Run your Preloader service after restart Machine
1 2 |
|
Put these lines to the file
1 2 3 4 5 |
|
Allow the script can be excuted
1
|
|
Setup /etc/init/prerender.conf
1
|
|
Put these lines to the file
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 |
|
Before start you need to create this folder
1
|
|
Now you can
1
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|


Whisper.ws is a service which makes it easy to securely share content through the use of "one-time URL's". A one time URL is a link that can only be viewed once. This ensures that once the content has been viewed, no one else can view it.
We found there were many cases where we wanted to quickly share sensitive information with each others but it was hard to do. Email one was one option, but it's generally not a good idea to email very sensitive information over email. Plus, it can stick around forever in the other person's inbox. There are other services, but these can take a while to setup and can be difficult to use. So we created whisper.ws, which makes it easy to upload information, get a one time URL which automatically expires after its been viewed. It's great for sharing stuff with others or even between your own devices, quickly, easily and securely.
Anyone who wants to share something with someone else. It might be a private message or other information you consider to be sensitive (your birthday, etc). It's also an easy way to share information securely between your own devices (e.g. imagine if you're setting up a new PC and wanted to get information easily from one place to another but didn't want to send the info over email)
You submit the information you want to share. We encrypt that data using a very very very hard to guess password and then generate a one time URL. You can then share that URL with the person you want to share the information with. When they click on the link, they can view the data you originally submitted and we delete that encrypted data from our servers.
Yes. Security is a big deal to us. Whenever you create submit your data, we use strong encryption to encrypt your data. No one at whisper.ws is able to decrypt any of the data on our server.
The content is deleted. We keep a record that says the url was viewed, but we delete the encrypted content completely.
It makes the service more secure. We think whisper.ws is ideal for the case where you want to share something with someone (or your device) on a one-time basis. So once it's been viewed, we delete the encrypted version of it from our servers and
Theoretically yes, practically it's quite hard to do. It would take many "super computers" and hundreds of years to guess a single one-time URL. In practice this is even harder because we have "throttling" mechanisms in place on our servers which prevent someone from trying a brute force attack. It's much more likely that someone could guess your email password, than guess a one-time URL generated by whisper.ws. That being said, our lawyers remind us to remind you that we can only make best efforts to secure data. Unforunately there are no guarantees.
If it's information that you can't risk being discovered, then our recommendation is to not upload it. Please make sure you read our terms and conditions and privacy policy.
Yes, coming soon. Please contact us here.
Yes ! We love any feedback - please provide it here.


July 9
So is the kingdom of God, as if a man should cast seed into the ground. Mark 4:26
Jesus compared the kingdom of God with the planting of seed and reaping the harvest. It's a simple concept. One all of us understand. Why, then, aren't all of us producing bumper crops every season? Because we're sitting around waiting for God to do all the work. He doesn't operate that way. He'll work with you, but He won't do it all. There are some essential things you must do by faith if you want to have a crop to reap at harvest time.
First, you must sow the seed of the Word in faith, expecting it to grow. You must find precious promises from God in His Word, plant them in your heart and in your life. Next, you must water the seed. Water it every day with praise. Water it with the spiritual water of the Word. That Word contains life and those seed promises can't grow without it.
And finally, you have to keep the weeds out! When the weeds of unforgiveness, doubt, fear, discouragement, (and all the other junk the devil tries to sow into your crop) try to enter in, get rid of them. They'll choke the Word.
That's going to take some diligence on your part. No one else will do it for you.  So get tough about it.  Don't hang on to it for even a moment. Pull it up by its roots. Spray it with the Word. Don't be tempted to keep a wildflower when you can have the best--God's best. Don't sit around waiting for God to produce your harvest. Start planting. Start watching over your land (your heart and your mind) to keep it moist, watered with the Word, and free from weeds. Commit to do your part and trust God to do His. You will have a bumper crop this season!
Scripture Reading: Ephesians 4:22-32


| 1 | /* | |
| 2 | * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more | |
| 3 | * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with | |
| 4 | * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. | |
| 5 | * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 | |
| 6 | * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with | |
| 7 | * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at | |
| 8 | * | |
| 9 | * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 | |
| 10 | * | |
| 11 | * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software | |
| 12 | * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, | |
| 13 | * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. | |
| 14 | * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and | |
| 15 | * limitations under the License. | |
| 16 | */ | |
| 17 | ||
| 18 | package org.apache.commons.math3.geometry.euclidean.oned; | |
| 19 | ||
| 20 | import java.io.Serializable; | |
| 21 | ||
| 22 | import org.apache.commons.math3.exception.MathUnsupportedOperationException; | |
| 23 | import org.apache.commons.math3.exception.util.LocalizedFormats; | |
| 24 | import org.apache.commons.math3.geometry.Space; | |
| 25 | ||
| 26 | /** | |
| 27 | * This class implements a one-dimensional space. | |
| 28 | * @version $Id: Euclidean1D.java 1416643 2012-12-03 19:37:14Z tn $ | |
| 29 | * @since 3.0 | |
| 30 | */ | |
| 31 | public class Euclidean1D implements Serializable, Space { | |
| 32 | ||
| 33 | /** Serializable version identifier. */ | |
| 34 | private static final long serialVersionUID = -1178039568877797126L; | |
| 35 | ||
| 36 | /** Private constructor for the singleton. | |
| 37 | */ | |
| 38 | private Euclidean1D() { | |
| 39 | } | |
| 40 | ||
| 41 | /** Get the unique instance. | |
| 42 | * @return the unique instance | |
| 43 | */ | |
| 44 | public static Euclidean1D getInstance() { | |
| 45 | 1 | return LazyHolder.INSTANCE; |
| 46 | } | |
| 47 | ||
| 48 | /** {@inheritDoc} */ | |
| 49 | public int getDimension() { | |
| 50 | 1 | return 1; |
| 51 | } | |
| 52 | ||
| 53 | /** {@inheritDoc} | |
| 54 | *
 | |
| 55 | * As the 1-dimension Euclidean space does not have proper sub-spaces, | |
| 56 | * this method always throws a {@link MathUnsupportedOperationException} | |
| 57 | *
 | |
| 58 | * @return nothing | |
| 59 | * @throws MathUnsupportedOperationException in all cases | |
| 60 | */ | |
| 61 | public Space getSubSpace() throws MathUnsupportedOperationException { | |
| 62 | throw new MathUnsupportedOperationException(LocalizedFormats.NOT_SUPPORTED_IN_DIMENSION_N, 1); | |
| 63 | } | |
| 64 | ||
| 65 | // CHECKSTYLE: stop HideUtilityClassConstructor | |
| 66 | /** Holder for the instance. | |
| 67 | *
We use here the Initialization On Demand Holder Idiom.
 | |
| 68 | */ | |
| 69 | private static class LazyHolder { | |
| 70 | /** Cached field instance. */ | |
| 71 | private static final Euclidean1D INSTANCE = new Euclidean1D(); | |
| 72 | } | |
| 73 | // CHECKSTYLE: resume HideUtilityClassConstructor | |
| 74 | ||
| 75 | /** Handle deserialization of the singleton. | |
| 76 | * @return the singleton instance | |
| 77 | */ | |
| 78 | private Object readResolve() { | |
| 79 | // return the singleton instance | |
| 80 | 1 | return LazyHolder.INSTANCE; |
| 81 | } | |
| 82 | ||
| 83 | } | |
Mutations | ||
| 45 |
mutated return of Object value for org/apache/commons/math3/geometry/euclidean/oned/Euclidean1D::getInstance to ( if (x != null) null else throw new RuntimeException ) : NO_COVERAGE |
|
| 50 |
replaced return of integer sized value with (x == 0 ? 1 : 0) : NO_COVERAGE |
|
| 80 |
mutated return of Object value for org/apache/commons/math3/geometry/euclidean/oned/Euclidean1D::readResolve to ( if (x != null) null else throw new RuntimeException ) : NO_COVERAGE |


The Essential Detox Facial targets removing all the skins impurities for your particular Skin Type and Condition. This therapeutic treatment helps control Acne while soothing the skin.
I Use Botanical Extracts & anti-inflammatory Agents to help remove toxins like Sulfates, Parabens, Mineral Oil, synthetics etc.
This treatment includes High Frequency & a Byogenic treatment mask.
 Theres no down time and the results are immediately noticeable.
This Treatment is highly effective in minimizing the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles and acne scars, while leaving the skin supple Vibrant. AHA/BHA Peel Is included.
Suitable for everyone For Men the treatment is limited to the upper part of the face
This Dynamic Treatment provides
an effective deep exfoliation with electrotherapy that uses a galvanic current to soften, emulsify oil and blackheads in the follicles. Proceeding a nano anti-aging serum that is full of antioxidants to help rejuvenate the skin.
This Treatment includes High Frequency and Galvanic Current.


created 01/01/03
A prime number is an integer that cannot be divided by any integer other than one and itself. For example, 7 is prime because its only divisors are 1 and 7. The integer 8 is not prime because its divisors are 1, 2, 4, and 8.
Another way to define prime is:
prime(N) = prime(N, N-1) prime(N, 1) = true prime(N, D) = if D divides N, false else prime(N, D-1)
For example,
prime(4) = prime(4,3) prime(4,3) = prime(4,2) prime(4,2) = false
Another example,
prime(7) = prime(7,6) prime(7,6) = prime(7,5) prime(7,5) = prime(7,4) prime(7,4) = prime(7,3) prime(7,3) = prime(7,2) prime(7,1) = true
Translate the math-like definition of prime into two Java methods that
return boolean
.
Use the %
operator to test divisibility.
Put your method into a class, write a testing class, and test your
program.
(Look at FactorialTester.java
in this chapter.)
 Your program will stop running and report a StackOverflowError. This is because each activation in the activation chain requires some memory, and 12,000 activations uses up all the memory that has been reserved for this use.
Click here to go back to the main menu.
Assume that female rabbits live for only 4 months. Modify the math-like definition of the Fibonacci series to account for dying rabbits. Implement the new series as a Java method.
First draw a chart showing the population of rabbits by month. Then deduce the new rules for the series. You will have more base cases than in the original series.
Click here to go back to the main menu.


Here is a list of links that you might find useful when studying for your Azure exams. Feel free to create a pull request to add more.
Skyline Academy:
Scott Duffy:
Below you will find a list of free resources from Microsoft on their Microsoft Learn site.
Architect great solutions in Azure
Architect network infrastructure in Azure
Architect a data platform in Azure
Architect storage infrastructure in Azure
Architect compute infrastructure in Azure
Architect infrastructure operations in Azure
Architect migration, business continuity, and disaster recovery in Azure
Architect modern applications in Azure
Architect secure infrastructure in Azure
Monitor security
Monitor performance
Configure diagnostic settings on resources
Create a performance baseline for resources
Monitor for unused resources
Monitor performance capacity
Visualize diagnostics data using Azure Monitor
Monitor health and availability
Monitor networking
Monitor service health
Monitor cost
Monitor spend
Report on spend
Configure advanced logging
Implement and configure Azure Monitor insights, including App Insights, Networks, Containers
Configure a Log Analytics workspace
Configure logging for workloads
Initiate automated responses by using Action Groups
Configure and manage advanced alerts
Collect alerts and metrics across multiple subscriptions
View Alerts in Azure Monitor logs
Select storage account options based on a use case
Configure Azure Files and blob storage
Configure network access to the storage account
Implement Shared Access Signatures and access policies
Implement Azure AD authentication for storage
Manage access keys
Implement Azure storage replication
Implement Azure storage account failover
Configure High Availability
Configure storage for VMs
Select virtual machine size
Implement Azure Dedicated Hosts
Deploy and configure scale sets
Configure Azure Disk Encryption
Save a deployment as an Azure Resource Manager template
Modify Azure Resource Manager template
Evaluate location of new resources
Configure a virtual disk template
Deploy from a template
Manage a template library
Create and execute an automation runbook
Implement VNet to VNet connections
Implement VNet peering
Add custom domains
Configure Azure AD Identity Protection
Implement self-service password reset
Implement Conditional Access including MFA
Configure user accounts for MFA
Configure fraud alerts
**Configure bypass options
Configure Trusted IPs
Configure verification methods
Implement and manage guest accounts
Manage multiple directories
Install and configure Azure AD Connect
Identity synchronization options
Configure and manage password sync and password writeback
Configure single sign-on
Use Azure AD Connect Healths
Migrate workloads using Azure Migrate Assess infrastructure
Select a migration method
Prepare the on-premises for migration
Recommend target infrastructure
Implement Azure Backup for VMs
Implement disaster recovery
Implement Azure Update Management
Implement Azure Load Balancer
Implement an application gateway
Implement a Web Application Firewall
Implement Azure Firewall
Implement the Azure Front Door Service
Implement Azure Traffic Manager
Implement Network Security Groups and Application Security Groups
Implement Bastion
Create and manage hierarchical structure that contains management groups, subscriptions and resource groups
Assign RBAC roles
Create a custom RBAC role
Configure access to Azure resources by assigning roles
Configure management access to Azure
Interpret effective permissions
Set up and perform an access review
Implement and configure an Azure Policy
Implement and configure an Azure Blueprint
Implement and configure KeyVault
Implement and configure Azure AD Managed Identities
Register and manage applications in Azure AD
Create and configure Azure App Service
Create an App Service Web App for Containers
Create and configure an App Service plan
Configure an App Service
Configure networking for an App Service
Create and manage deployment slots
Implement Logic Apps
Implement Azure Functions
Create a container image
Configure Azure Kubernetes Service
Publish and automate image deployment to the Azure Container Registry
Publish a solution on an Azure Container Instance
Configure storage account tables
Select appropriate CosmosDB APIs
Set up replicas in CosmosDB
Configure Azure SQL database settings
Implement Azure SQL Database managed instances
Configure HA for an Azure SQL database
Publish an Azure SQL database


DLL Help Database
Here. From Husein Choroomi: "DLL Help exists to assist developers, system administrators, and other IT professionals who face file version conflicts with Microsoft software. Use DLL Help to identify which software installed a specific version of a DLL."
[JoelonSoftware]
What's DLL Hell? ;)


add
OS/161 Reference Manual
Name
add - add two numbers
Synopsis
/testbin/add n1 n2
Description
add prints the sum of the two numbers passed as arguments.
Requirements
add uses the following system calls:
add should work properly once the basic system calls are complete.


{% extends "global/Page.html" %} {% load otree static %} {% block title %} Outcome {% endblock %} {% block content %} {% if player.role == 'Participant A' %}
Participant B reports that {{group.project}} project is available.
{% else %}Scenario {{group.case}} has occured.
{% endif %}You have earned {{player.payoff}}.
{% endblock %}


Technical blog from Craig Russell.
Discusses whether the Repository layer should expose `suspend` functions or not.
Describes the two provided coroutine test dispatchers, standard and unconfined, the difference between them and when to use each
How to create links in markdown, both those which display just the URL and those which display custom text
Apple Shortcut which integrates with Finder, for an easier way of adding images to a blog post
How to get the day of the week when using Apple Shortcuts
Easier git commands using git-number, which can be used to number each file listed in git commands for a quicker way to choose files
Building a journaling tool using Apple Shortcuts and Notes
The latest tooling to help test Android Coroutines, provided as part of the kotlinx.coroutines test libraries, which aim to “provide utilities for efficiently testing coroutines”.
A pattern for launching coroutines which cancel when the Activity or ViewModel is destroyed, but support allowing important parts of the coroutine to run uncancelled.
Kotlin coroutines provide an elegant way to write asynchronous code, but sometimes coroutines make it difficult to write unit tests. This post describes how to use TestCoroutineDispatcher to write efficient and stable unit tests for code written with coroutines.
 Involve your team and absolve yourself.
A potential WorkManager pitfall when refactoring or deleting your Worker subclasses.
How to install the privacy-focussed Fathom website analytics on an Amazon EC2 instance.
How to include the author tag in the generated RSS feed for a Hugo-generated site.
An example of how to configure an Amazon AWS Lambda to send a push notification to Firebase FCM, written with the Node.js 8.10 runtime.
How to use Coroutines in ViewModels, making use of the new ViewModelScope extension property. This allows coroutines to be cancelled automatically when the ViewModel is being cleared.
The functions `add()` and `plus()` which are available on some Kotlin collections, and how despite their similar looking names, their underlying implementations can make a big difference.
kscript, an easy way to write and execute scripts in Kotlin. This post covers what kscript is, how to install it on a Mac, and offers some kscript examples.
Medium. We need to talk. 💔
If you launch a coroutine using launch(Dispatchers.Main) while already on the main thread, will the code execute immediately?
Kotlin utility function to execute code and measure how long that took
Are Android WebViews vulnerable to Magellan vulnerability?
ListAdapter is a new class bundled in the 27.1.0 support library and simplifies the code required to work with RecyclerViews
How to download an image from a WebView triggered by the user long pressing the image
Diving into a crash caused by a log statement with mixed parameter styles
Exploration of a bug report about a third party keyboard not submitting when done button pressed
How to define a live template in Intellij/Android Studio which can be used to quickly add a unit test in the exact style you prefer.
Using Kotlin data classes to represent view state
Stripping log statements using Proguard
Beware a silent cast that can cause unexpected behavior
How to disable crash reporting for your BuildConfig.DEBUG builds when using Crashlytics, part of the Fabric tool suite.
This article outlines a solution for allowing Presenters to survive a View’s configuration change in an MVP architecture.
How to manage multiple SSH keys for different GitHub.com accounts so that you can access multiple accounts and projects, each with different credentials.
How to write unit tests for asynchronous code using Bolts


1.1 Hypothesis
Some important terms & definitions
What is the purpose of statistics?
estimate / predict / simplify / organize data
Law
a rule that implies cause and effect between anything and that applies under same conditions every time.
i.e. under some conditions, we can predict what happens all the time
but this does not explain “why” the observed cause and effect events happen
Model
an idealization of the world
Hypothesis
falsifiable statement regarding the true state of the world
true state: assumption that some regularity exists (i.e. law of nature)
Hypothesis is supported or refuted by evidence, never proven to be true.
Hypothesis is a positive statement of a question.
Error is assumed to be present
Science proves in negative direction. Our understanding of the world changes by showing that the existing scientific “fact” is “false” and other alternative hypotheses are better candidates to explain the observed events. Let’s call this currently accepted hypothesis as null hypothesis and showing that null hypothesis is “false” as rejecting the null hypothesis. (The words “fact” and “false” are purposely italicized to denote that these terms do not note certainty). You can optionally thing of this as a hypothesis to “null”-ify or a hypothesis of 0 case, null case etc. (one of many words that mean “nothing”). The former “nullify” might make more sense than the “nothing” case if you have no prior exposure to statistics. We will see why the later case is a more popular case of thinking of the null hypothesis.
Saying that there are many other alternative hypothesis that could be shown as the better candidate for observed data (1-vs-many case) is more difficult to reason about compared to a simpler, 1-vs-1 case. What if we state our null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis in a way that it is a choice between one or another? i.e. either null hypothesis or alternative hypothesis is a better explanation of the observed data. This is the idea behind how null hypotheses are commonly formulated.
Actually, let’s define 3 types of hypothesis
(Scientific) Research Hypothesis
This is a research question of interested in words, propositions, statements etc. that can be falsified by data. This question does not necessarily have to be quantitative in nature.(Statistical) Null Hypothesis
Since we can’t “prove true” in statistics, this is the nullifiable hypothesis that is generally assumed to be true until data shows otherwise.
e.g. presumed innocent until guilty.
Note that this is can be a re-wording of Research Hypothesis. A Null Hypothesis is generally the default position that there is no relationship between two measured phenomena. Similarly, the default position can be that there are no association among groups of observed values. (Null hypothesis does not necessarily have to be “no” effect. More on this later). We usually denote this with the symbol and equation \(H_0\) and formalized as an equation, for example \(\text{effect} = 0\). The word “null” here is taking on both verb and adjective forms in Null Hypothesis.(Statistical) Alternative Hypothesis Since science proves in negative direction, this is the “case B” scenario when the data collected suggests that we should reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative. Null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis are mutually exclusive – i.e. if we ever knew what the absolute true state of the world, that absolute truth will be one or the other but not both. We usually denote this with the symbol \(H_a\) and formalized as an equation that is negation of the corresponding null hypothesis, for example \(\text{effect} \neq 0\).
The Alternative hypothesis often formulated as the algebraic complement of the null hypothesis. Hence, you will see it stated often as \(\neq\) (compared to null hypothesis of \(=\)). This satisfies the mutual exclusivity requirement. But note that mutual exclusivity does not necessarily imply that null and alternative hypothesis taken together have to account for all possibility.
Whether we choose \(\neq\), \(<\), or \(>\) is related to the statistical technique we use. More on this later, but it should be noted that statistics does not guide the alternative hypothesis. It should be guided by the research hypothesis.
Formulating the hypothesis
A cursory look would imply that \(H_0\) is always “something equals nothing” and \(H_a\) is “something equals not-nothing”. But this isn’t always true, as we see in the example. See answer to “How to choose the null and alternative hypothesis?” in Cross Validated Forum for more
The way that \(H_0\) and \(H_a\) are stated in textbooks suggest that you should form the null hypotheis comes first, then the alternative hypothesis. Although this can get you the right answer, the more suitable direction is \(H_a \rightarrow H_0\). The initial starting point of \(H_a\) should be guided by your (scientific) Research Hypothesis. The \(H_0\) is often the complement of \(H_a\) or more often \(H_0: something = 0\), but it doesn’t have to be. The “null” in Null Hypothesis doesn’t mean \(= 0\). It means the \(something\) you wanted is not present, which often is \(= 0\) but not always.
We often want to see evidence against the null, and this aligns well with the fact that what we want to establish evidence for the Research Hypothesis / Alternative Hypothesis.
There are cases where we do not want to reject the null. These scenarios are when we finding modeling something. We will see example of this later on as well.


@* * Copyright 2023 HM Revenue & Customs * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. *@ @import partials.extra_support @this( main: views.html.main, viewsHelpers: views.ViewsHelpers ) @( isWelsh: Boolean, loggedIn: Boolean = false)(implicit messages: play.api.i18n.Messages, request: Request[_], appConfig: config.AppConfig ) @main( title = messages("ssttp.affordability.we-cannot-agree-your-pp.h1") ){
@messages("ssttp.affordability.we-cannot-agree-your-pp.p1")
@messages("ssttp.affordability.we-cannot-agree-your-pp.p2") @messages("ssttp.affordability.we-cannot-agree-your-pp.p2-link")
@{Html(messages("ssttp.affordability.we-cannot-agree-your-pp.p3"))}
@messages("ssttp.affordability.we-cannot-agree-your-pp.p4")
@extra_support()@messages("ssttp.affordability.we-cannot-agree-your-pp.go-to-tax-account")
}


fill these details to know what were you in your previous birth
Your Name:
Birthdate:
Your Hobby:
submit
In my previous birth


SURYAWANSHI IS THE ONE OF THE BEST MOVIE EVER.
COMMANDO-3 IS THE FULLY ACTION AND THRILAR MOVIE.
SATYMEV JAYTE IS THE PRIDE OF INDIANS
TANHAJI IN THE WARRIER OF INDIA.
YODHA OF THE SOUTH INDIAN MOVIES.
MOHINI IS THE THRILAR AND HORROR MOVIE.
HAPPY BIRTHDAY VIJAY MASTER.
SAILERU IS THE SOLJOUR OF THE SOUTH
EXPO ACTION OF ACTIONS.
LOST CITY IS THE LOSTERN MAN STORY.
SEIZED IS THE ATTACK OF MAN .
DATEBACK IS THE HISTORICAL MOVIE.


Bootstrap 4 responsive admin template
documented by Sean Ngu
Created: 28/April/2020
By: Sean Ngu
Email: [email protected]
Thank you for purchasing my theme. If you have any questions that are beyond the scope of this help file, please feel free to email your question to my email. Email can be found via downloaded version of documentation. Thanks so much!
Follow the following step to install the laravel in your localhost
You may refer to their official documentation for how to setup the development environment.
Setup Guide
 cd /your-path-url/template_laravel composer install npm install npm run dev php artisan serve  http://<IP_ADDRESS>:8000/
Make sure PHP >= 7.0.0 & node.js has been installed on your localhost / server
File structure overview for Laravel Version
template_laravel/ ├── artisan ├── composer.json ├── package.json ├── phpunit.xml ├── readme.md ├── server.php ├── webpack.mix.js ├── app/ ├── bootstrap/ ├── config/ ├── database/ ├── public/ ├── resources/ │ ├── lang │ ├── js │ ├── scss │ └── views │ ├── index.blade.php │ ├── errors │ └── layouts ├── routes/ ├── storage/ └── tests/
We split the header, sidebar, footer and etc into few other part and include it in the base file. Base file has been located in /resources/views/layouts/default.blade.php
.
<!DOCTYPE html> getLocale() }}"{{ (!empty($htmlAttribute)) ? $htmlAttribute : '' }}>  @include('layout.partial.head')
 @include('layout.partial.header') @includeWhen(empty($sidebarHide), 'layout.partial.sidebar') @yield('content') @includeWhen(!empty($footer), 'layout.partial.footer')
  @include('layout.partial.scroll-top-btn') @include('layout.partial.scripts')
Below is the list of supported variable / setting in view file.
| Variable | Usage |
|---|---|
@extends('layout.default', ['htmlAttribute' => '']) |
Set the attribute for html tag |
@extends('layout.default', ['bodyClass' => '']) |
Set the css class for body tag |
@extends('layout.default', ['appClass' => '']) |
Set the app class for div#app tag |
@extends('layout.default', ['sidebarHide' => true]) |
Flag to include / exclude sidebar in your page |
@extends('layout.default', ['footer' => true]) |
Flag to include / exclude footer in your page |
Using laravel stacks to add css / js by page level.
// example for how to add page level css @push('css') <link href="/assets/plugins/photoswipe/dist/photoswipe.css" rel="stylesheet" /> ... @endpush // example for how to add page level js @push('scripts')  ... @endpush
All the css files used in Studio Larvel has been compiled into one single files app.min.css
by laravel mix. You may change the color scheme from /resources/scss/_variables.scss
.
List of plugins in app.min.css
:
This theme compiles 7 javascript library into one single file app.min.js
by laravel mix.
List of plugins in app.min.js
:
Sidebar minified:

 ...

Full height:

 ...
 ...

Full width:

 ...

Fixed footer:

 ...
 © 2020 seanTheme All Right Reserved

Boxed Layout

 ...

I've used the following images, icons or other files as listed.
jQuery Plugins
Photos
Icons


def destroy_fig(cls, fig):
Destroy figure *fig*.
canvas = getattr(fig, "canvas", None)
manager = getattr(canvas, "manager", None)
cls.destroy(manager)
@classmethod
def destroy_all(cls):
@classmethod
def destroy_fig(cls, fig):
Destroy figure *fig*.
num = next((manager.num for manager in cls.figs.values()
if manager.canvas.figure == fig), None)
if num is not None:
cls.destroy(num)


Web designer and developer.
I'm just a normal person like you whose passion is in coding. A tech enthusiast and I am passionate in every task i'm assigned. Very friendly and down to earth guy. All I can say is you will not regret me working with you or for you.
Front-end development
Back-end development
Android
Nairobi, Kenya
Phone: +254 710721715
Email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Lets get in touch. Send me a message:
Contact me


{% extends "navbar.html" %} {% block content %}
A mushroom distribution map generator powered by python and www.mushroomobserver.org.
Select "Search for a Mushroom" on the navigation bar to begin.


What Buhari Said About Seeking Third Term In Office
by Donatus AnichukwuezePresident Muhammadu Buhari has rubbished the reports that he is seeking a third term as Nigeria’s leader.
Buhari was speaking at a meeting of the national executive committee (NEC) of the All Progressives Congress (APC) in Abuja on Friday.
“I’m not going to make the mistake of attempting a third term,” the president said.
“Besides the age, I swore by the holy book that I would go by the constitution and the constitution said two terms. I know that I’m in my last term and I can afford to be reckless because I’m not going to ask for anybody’s vote.”
The president, who is in his first year of four-year second term said history would not be fair to members of the ruling party if the APC collapses after his second term.
“Every member of NEC from today should reposition himself or herself to make sure that you have dominated your constituencies politically. The aim is that history will not be fair to us if outrightly if the APC collapses at the end of this term,” he said.
“History will be fair to us if APC remains strong and not only hold the centre but make gains.”


Updated CLR Profiler
Here. "The CLR Profiler includes a number of very useful views of the allocation profile, including a histogram of allocated types, allocation and call graphs, a time line showing GCs of various generations and the resulting state of the managed heap after those collections, and a call tree showing per-method allocations and assembly loads."


Fluorescent Bulb
Position of Peak 5:
Position of Peak 12:
Two LEDs
First LED
Wavelength:
Position:
Second LED
Wavelength:
Position:
{% if filepath %}
{% endif %}


StateType
public extension StateType
-
Indicates an invalid state - probably an error condition.
Declaration
Swift
static let invalid: AtkStateType
-
Indicates a window is currently the active window, or an object is the active subelement within a container or table. ATK_STATE_ACTIVE should not be used for objects which have ATK_STATE_FOCUSABLE or ATK_STATE_SELECTABLE: Those objects should use ATK_STATE_FOCUSED and ATK_STATE_SELECTED respectively. ATK_STATE_ACTIVE is a means to indicate that an object which is not focusable and not selectable is the currently-active item within its parent container.
Declaration
Swift
static let active: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that the object is ‘armed’, i.e. will be activated by if a pointer button-release event occurs within its bounds. Buttons often enter this state when a pointer click occurs within their bounds, as a precursor to activation. ATK_STATE_ARMED has been deprecated since ATK-2.16 and should not be used in newly-written code.
Declaration
Swift
static let armed: AtkStateType
-
Indicates the current object is busy, i.e. onscreen representation is in the process of changing, or the object is temporarily unavailable for interaction due to activity already in progress. This state may be used by implementors of Document to indicate that content loading is underway. It also may indicate other ‘pending’ conditions; clients may wish to interrogate this object when the ATK_STATE_BUSY flag is removed.
Declaration
Swift
static let busy: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object is currently checked, for instance a checkbox is ‘non-empty’.
Declaration
Swift
static let checked: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that this object no longer has a valid backing widget (for instance, if its peer object has been destroyed)
Declaration
Swift
static let defunct: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that this object can contain text, and that the user can change the textual contents of this object by editing those contents directly. For an object which is expected to be editable due to its type, but which cannot be edited due to the application or platform preventing the user from doing so, that object’s
AtkStateSet
should lack ATK_STATE_EDITABLE and should contain ATK_STATE_READ_ONLY.Declaration
Swift
static let editable: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that this object is enabled, i.e. that it currently reflects some application state. Objects that are “greyed out” may lack this state, and may lack the STATE_SENSITIVE if direct user interaction cannot cause them to acquire STATE_ENABLED. See also: ATK_STATE_SENSITIVE
Declaration
Swift
static let enabled: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object allows progressive disclosure of its children
Declaration
Swift
static let expandable: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object its expanded - see ATK_STATE_EXPANDABLE above
Declaration
Swift
static let expanded: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object can accept keyboard focus, which means all events resulting from typing on the keyboard will normally be passed to it when it has focus
Declaration
Swift
static let focusable: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object currently has the keyboard focus
Declaration
Swift
static let focused: AtkStateType
-
Indicates the orientation of this object is horizontal; used, for instance, by objects of ATK_ROLE_SCROLL_BAR. For objects where vertical/horizontal orientation is especially meaningful.
Declaration
Swift
static let horizontal: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object is minimized and is represented only by an icon
Declaration
Swift
static let iconified: AtkStateType
-
Indicates something must be done with this object before the user can interact with an object in a different window
Declaration
Swift
static let modal: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this (text) object can contain multiple lines of text
Declaration
Swift
static let multi_line: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object allows more than one of its children to be selected at the same time, or in the case of text objects, that the object supports non-contiguous text selections.
Declaration
Swift
static let multiselectable: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object paints every pixel within its rectangular region.
Declaration
Swift
static let opaque: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object is currently pressed.
Declaration
Swift
static let pressed: AtkStateType
-
Indicates the size of this object is not fixed
Declaration
Swift
static let resizable: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object is the child of an object that allows its children to be selected and that this child is one of those children that can be selected
Declaration
Swift
static let selectable: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object is the child of an object that allows its children to be selected and that this child is one of those children that has been selected
Declaration
Swift
static let selected: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object is sensitive, e.g. to user interaction. STATE_SENSITIVE usually accompanies STATE_ENABLED for user-actionable controls, but may be found in the absence of STATE_ENABLED if the current visible state of the control is “disconnected” from the application state. In such cases, direct user interaction can often result in the object gaining STATE_SENSITIVE, for instance if a user makes an explicit selection using an object whose current state is ambiguous or undefined.
see
STATE_ENABLED, STATE_INDETERMINATE.Declaration
Swift
static let sensitive: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object, the object’s parent, the object’s parent’s parent, and so on, are all ‘shown’ to the end-user, i.e. subject to “exposure” if blocking or obscuring objects do not interpose between this object and the top of the window stack.
Declaration
Swift
static let showing: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this (text) object can contain only a single line of text
Declaration
Swift
static let single_line: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that the information returned for this object may no longer be synchronized with the application state. This is implied if the object has STATE_TRANSIENT, and can also occur towards the end of the object peer’s lifecycle. It can also be used to indicate that the index associated with this object has changed since the user accessed the object (in lieu of “index-in-parent-changed” events).
Declaration
Swift
static let stale: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object is transient, i.e. a snapshot which may not emit events when its state changes. Data from objects with ATK_STATE_TRANSIENT should not be cached, since there may be no notification given when the cached data becomes obsolete.
Declaration
Swift
static let transient: AtkStateType
-
Indicates the orientation of this object is vertical
Declaration
Swift
static let vertical: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object is visible, e.g. has been explicitly marked for exposure to the user. note:
ATK_STATE_VISIBLE
is no guarantee that the object is actually unobscured on the screen, only that it is ‘potentially’ visible, barring obstruction, being scrolled or clipped out of the field of view, or having an ancestor container that has not yet made visible. A widget is potentially onscreen if it has bothATK_STATE_VISIBLE
andATK_STATE_SHOWING
. The absence ofATK_STATE_VISIBLE
andATK_STATE_SHOWING
is semantically equivalent to saying that an object is ‘hidden’. See alsoATK_STATE_TRUNCATED
, which applies if an object withATK_STATE_VISIBLE
andATK_STATE_SHOWING
set lies within a viewport which means that its contents are clipped, e.g. a truncated spreadsheet cell or an image within a scrolling viewport. Mostly useful for screen-review and magnification algorithms.Declaration
Swift
static let visible: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that “active-descendant-changed” event is sent when children become ‘active’ (i.e. are selected or navigated to onscreen). Used to prevent need to enumerate all children in very large containers, like tables. The presence of STATE_MANAGES_DESCENDANTS is an indication to the client. that the children should not, and need not, be enumerated by the client. Objects implementing this state are expected to provide relevant state notifications to listening clients, for instance notifications of visibility changes and activation of their contained child objects, without the client having previously requested references to those children.
Declaration
Swift
static let manages_descendants: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that the value, or some other quantifiable property, of this AtkObject cannot be fully determined. In the case of a large data set in which the total number of items in that set is unknown (e.g. 1 of 999+), implementors should expose the currently-known set size (999) along with this state. In the case of a check box, this state should be used to indicate that the check box is a tri-state check box which is currently neither checked nor unchecked.
Declaration
Swift
static let indeterminate: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that an object is truncated, e.g. a text value in a speradsheet cell.
Declaration
Swift
static let truncated: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that explicit user interaction with an object is required by the user interface, e.g. a required field in a “web-form” interface.
Declaration
Swift
static let required_: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that the object has encountered an error condition due to failure of input validation. For instance, a form control may acquire this state in response to invalid or malformed user input.
Declaration
Swift
static let invalid_entry: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that the object in question implements some form of ¨typeahead¨ or pre-selection behavior whereby entering the first character of one or more sub-elements causes those elements to scroll into view or become selected. Subsequent character input may narrow the selection further as long as one or more sub-elements match the string. This state is normally only useful and encountered on objects that implement Selection. In some cases the typeahead behavior may result in full or partial ¨completion¨ of the data in the input field, in which case these input events may trigger text-changed events from the AtkText interface. This state supplants
ATK_ROLE_AUTOCOMPLETE
.Declaration
Swift
static let supports_autocompletion: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that the object in question supports text selection. It should only be exposed on objects which implement the Text interface, in order to distinguish this state from
ATK_STATE_SELECTABLE
, which infers that the object in question is a selectable child of an object which implements Selection. While similar, text selection and subelement selection are distinct operations.Declaration
Swift
static let selectable_text: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that the object is the “default” active component, i.e. the object which is activated by an end-user press of the “Enter” or “Return” key. Typically a “close” or “submit” button.
Declaration
Swift
static let default_: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that the object changes its appearance dynamically as an inherent part of its presentation. This state may come and go if an object is only temporarily animated on the way to a ‘final’ onscreen presentation. note: some applications, notably content viewers, may not be able to detect all kinds of animated content. Therefore the absence of this state should not be taken as definitive evidence that the object’s visual representation is static; this state is advisory.
Declaration
Swift
static let animated: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that the object (typically a hyperlink) has already been ‘activated’, and/or its backing data has already been downloaded, rendered, or otherwise “visited”.
Declaration
Swift
static let visited: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object has the potential to be checked, such as a checkbox or toggle-able table cell.
Since:
ATK-2.12Declaration
Swift
static let checkable: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that the object has a popup context menu or sub-level menu which may or may not be showing. This means that activation renders conditional content. Note that ordinary tooltips are not considered popups in this context.
Since:
ATK-2.12Declaration
Swift
static let has_popup: AtkStateType
-
Indicates this object has a tooltip.
Since:
ATK-2.16Declaration
Swift
static let has_tooltip: AtkStateType
-
Indicates that a widget which is ENABLED and SENSITIVE has a value which can be read, but not modified, by the user. Note that this state should only be applied to widget types whose value is normally directly user modifiable, such as check boxes, radio buttons, spin buttons, text input fields, and combo boxes, as a means to convey that the expected interaction with that widget is not possible. When the expected interaction with a widget does not include modification by the user, as is the case with labels and containers, ATK_STATE_READ_ONLY should not be applied. See also ATK_STATE_EDITABLE.
Since:
ATK-2-16Declaration
Swift
static let read_only: AtkStateType
-
Not a valid state, used for finding end of enumeration
Declaration
Swift
static let last_defined: AtkStateType


migraine MTHFR patients T/T genotype homocysteine levels {border-style (.%) headache px;} #ffffff;} study pediatric polymorphism MOA age population . ± . C/C Headache aura compared results risk significant C/T Migraine association children gene average genetic onset px; years {font-family font-size higher reported adult data diagnosed difference double; related retrospective serum studies using value (Table International acid border-color border-width correlation group high included migraine, migraine. populations p = .). relationship significantly solid; susceptibility {font-style {font-weight (average (–) Homocysteine Previous TTH allele associated blood bold clinical consisting courier; criteria dietary differences em; females folate genotype, genotype. investigated involved males performed pt;} p = .) result statistically type variant years.


Multi-step adaptive elastic-net (MSAENet) algorithm for feature selection in high-dimensional regressions proposed in Xiao and Xu (2015) <doi:10.1080/00949655.2015.1016944>, with support for multi-step adaptive MCP-net (MSAMNet) and multi-step adaptive SCAD-net (MSASNet) methods.
| Version: | 3.0 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.0.2) |
| Imports: | glmnet, ncvreg (≥ 3.8-0), foreach, mvtnorm, survival, Matrix |
| Suggests: | knitr, rmarkdown, doParallel |
| Published: | 2018-12-14 |
| Author: | Nan Xiao [aut, cre], Qing-Song Xu [aut] |
| Maintainer: | Nan Xiao <me at nanx.me> |
| BugReports: | https://github.com/road2stat/msaenet/issues |
| License: | GPL-3 | file LICENSE |
| URL: | https://nanx.me/msaenet/, https://github.com/road2stat/msaenet |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Citation: | msaenet citation info |
| Materials: | README NEWS |
| CRAN checks: | msaenet results |
| Reference manual: | msaenet.pdf |
| Vignettes: |
A Quick Introduction to msaenet |
| Package source: | msaenet_3.0.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: msaenet_3.0.zip, r-release: msaenet_3.0.zip, r-oldrel: msaenet_3.0.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: msaenet_3.0.tgz, r-oldrel: msaenet_3.0.tgz |
| Old sources: | msaenet archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=msaenet to link to this page.


LKCommDevice
@objc
public class LKCommDevice : NSObject
This entity is a representatiton of the components from a LoopKey.
-
Door ID when available.
-1
otherwise.Declaration
Swift
@objc public var doorId: Int
-
Serial code of the device.
Declaration
Swift
@objc public let serialData: Data
-
Ciphered roll count data of the device, if available.
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var rollCount: Data?
-
Color of the device, if available.
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var color: UIColor?
-
Signal strength, if available.
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var rssi: NSNumber?
-
Device name, if available.
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var name: String?
-
Indicates whether device needs to send message to LoopKey server.
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var hasMessageForServer: Bool
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var firmwareVersion: String?
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var latitude: Double
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var longitude: Double
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var key: Data?
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var adminKey: Data?
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var mode: LKCommDeviceMode
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var unlockTime: Int
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var disableTouch: Bool
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var invertSensor: Bool
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var kind: LKCommDeviceType
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var commandData: Data?
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var serialInf: LKSerial
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var batteryLevel: Int
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var schedule: LKCommSchedule?
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var newKey: Data?
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var permissionSettings: LKPermissionSettings?
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
@objc public var readerMode: LKCommDeviceReaderMode
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var serial: String { get }
-
Designated initializer.
Declaration
Swift
@objc public init(withSerial: Data)
Parameters
withSerial
Serial code with the device.


# Copyright 2018 MLBenchmark Group. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ==============================================================================
"""Beam search to find the translated sequence with the highest probability.
Source implementation from Tensor2Tensor:
https://github.com/tensorflow/tensor2tensor/blob/master/tensor2tensor/utils/beam_search.py
"""
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.python.util import nest
# Default value for INF
#INF = 1. * 1e7
INF = 32768.0
[docs]class _StateKeys(object):
"""Keys to dictionary storing the state of the beam search loop."""
# Variable storing the loop index.
CUR_INDEX = "CUR_INDEX"
# Top sequences that are alive for each batch item. Alive sequences are ones
# that have not generated an EOS token. Sequences that reach EOS are marked as
# finished and moved to the FINISHED_SEQ tensor.
# Has shape [batch_size, beam_size, CUR_INDEX + 1]
ALIVE_SEQ = "ALIVE_SEQ"
# Log probabilities of each alive sequence. Shape [batch_size, beam_size]
ALIVE_LOG_PROBS = "ALIVE_LOG_PROBS"
# Dictionary of cached values for each alive sequence. The cache stores
# the encoder output, attention bias, and the decoder attention output from
# the previous iteration.
ALIVE_CACHE = "ALIVE_CACHE"
# Top finished sequences for each batch item.
# Has shape [batch_size, beam_size, CUR_INDEX + 1]. Sequences that are
# shorter than CUR_INDEX + 1 are padded with 0s.
FINISHED_SEQ = "FINISHED_SEQ"
# Scores for each finished sequence. Score = log probability / length norm
# Shape [batch_size, beam_size]
FINISHED_SCORES = "FINISHED_SCORES"
# Flags indicating which sequences in the finished sequences are finished.
# At the beginning, all of the sequences in FINISHED_SEQ are filler values.
# True -> finished sequence, False -> filler. Shape [batch_size, beam_size]
FINISHED_FLAGS = "FINISHED_FLAGS"
[docs]class SequenceBeamSearch(object):
"""Implementation of beam search loop."""
def __init__(self, symbols_to_logits_fn, vocab_size, batch_size,
beam_size, alpha, max_decode_length, eos_id):
self.symbols_to_logits_fn = symbols_to_logits_fn
self.vocab_size = vocab_size
self.batch_size = batch_size
self.beam_size = beam_size
self.alpha = alpha
self.max_decode_length = max_decode_length
self.eos_id = eos_id
[docs] def search(self, initial_ids, initial_cache):
"""Beam search for sequences with highest scores."""
state, state_shapes = self._create_initial_state(initial_ids, initial_cache)
finished_state = tf.while_loop(
self._continue_search, self._search_step, loop_vars=[state],
shape_invariants=[state_shapes], parallel_iterations=1, back_prop=False)
finished_state = finished_state[0]
alive_seq = finished_state[_StateKeys.ALIVE_SEQ]
alive_log_probs = finished_state[_StateKeys.ALIVE_LOG_PROBS]
finished_seq = finished_state[_StateKeys.FINISHED_SEQ]
finished_scores = finished_state[_StateKeys.FINISHED_SCORES]
finished_flags = finished_state[_StateKeys.FINISHED_FLAGS]
# Account for corner case where there are no finished sequences for a
# particular batch item. In that case, return alive sequences for that batch
# item.
finished_seq = tf.where(
tf.reduce_any(finished_flags, 1), finished_seq, alive_seq)
finished_scores = tf.where(
tf.reduce_any(finished_flags, 1), finished_scores, alive_log_probs)
return finished_seq, finished_scores
[docs] def _create_initial_state(self, initial_ids, initial_cache):
"""Return initial state dictionary and its shape invariants.
Args:
initial_ids: initial ids to pass into the symbols_to_logits_fn.
int tensor with shape [batch_size, 1]
initial_cache: dictionary storing values to be passed into the
symbols_to_logits_fn.
Returns:
state and shape invariant dictionaries with keys from _StateKeys
"""
# Current loop index (starts at 0)
cur_index = tf.constant(0)
# Create alive sequence with shape [batch_size, beam_size, 1]
alive_seq = _expand_to_beam_size(initial_ids, self.beam_size)
alive_seq = tf.expand_dims(alive_seq, axis=2)
# Create tensor for storing initial log probabilities.
# Assume initial_ids are prob 1.0
initial_log_probs = tf.constant(
[[0.] + [-float("inf")] * (self.beam_size - 1)])
alive_log_probs = tf.tile(initial_log_probs, [self.batch_size, 1])
# Expand all values stored in the dictionary to the beam size, so that each
# beam has a separate cache.
alive_cache = nest.map_structure(
lambda t: _expand_to_beam_size(t, self.beam_size), initial_cache)
# Initialize tensor storing finished sequences with filler values.
finished_seq = tf.zeros(tf.shape(alive_seq), tf.int32)
# Set scores of the initial finished seqs to negative infinity.
finished_scores = tf.ones([self.batch_size, self.beam_size]) * -INF
# Initialize finished flags with all False values.
finished_flags = tf.zeros([self.batch_size, self.beam_size], tf.bool)
# Create state dictionary
state = {
_StateKeys.CUR_INDEX: cur_index,
_StateKeys.ALIVE_SEQ: alive_seq,
_StateKeys.ALIVE_LOG_PROBS: alive_log_probs,
_StateKeys.ALIVE_CACHE: alive_cache,
_StateKeys.FINISHED_SEQ: finished_seq,
_StateKeys.FINISHED_SCORES: finished_scores,
_StateKeys.FINISHED_FLAGS: finished_flags
}
# Create state invariants for each value in the state dictionary. Each
# dimension must be a constant or None. A None dimension means either:
# 1) the dimension's value is a tensor that remains the same but may
# depend on the input sequence to the model (e.g. batch size).
# 2) the dimension may have different values on different iterations.
state_shape_invariants = {
_StateKeys.CUR_INDEX: tf.TensorShape([]),
_StateKeys.ALIVE_SEQ: tf.TensorShape([None, self.beam_size, None]),
_StateKeys.ALIVE_LOG_PROBS: tf.TensorShape([None, self.beam_size]),
_StateKeys.ALIVE_CACHE: nest.map_structure(
_get_shape_keep_last_dim, alive_cache),
_StateKeys.FINISHED_SEQ: tf.TensorShape([None, self.beam_size, None]),
_StateKeys.FINISHED_SCORES: tf.TensorShape([None, self.beam_size]),
_StateKeys.FINISHED_FLAGS: tf.TensorShape([None, self.beam_size])
}
return state, state_shape_invariants
[docs] def _continue_search(self, state):
"""Return whether to continue the search loop.
The loops should terminate when
1) when decode length has been reached, or
2) when the worst score in the finished sequences is better than the best
score in the alive sequences (i.e. the finished sequences are provably
unchanging)
Args:
state: A dictionary with the current loop state.
Returns:
Bool tensor with value True if loop should continue, False if loop should
terminate.
"""
i = state[_StateKeys.CUR_INDEX]
alive_log_probs = state[_StateKeys.ALIVE_LOG_PROBS]
finished_scores = state[_StateKeys.FINISHED_SCORES]
finished_flags = state[_StateKeys.FINISHED_FLAGS]
not_at_max_decode_length = tf.less(i, self.max_decode_length)
# Calculate largest length penalty (the larger penalty, the better score).
max_length_norm = _length_normalization(self.alpha, self.max_decode_length)
# Get the best possible scores from alive sequences.
best_alive_scores = alive_log_probs[:, 0] / max_length_norm
# Compute worst score in finished sequences for each batch element
finished_scores *= tf.to_float(finished_flags) # set filler scores to zero
lowest_finished_scores = tf.reduce_min(finished_scores, axis=1)
# If there are no finished sequences in a batch element, then set the lowest
# finished score to -INF for that element.
finished_batches = tf.reduce_any(finished_flags, 1)
lowest_finished_scores += (1. - tf.to_float(finished_batches)) * -INF
worst_finished_score_better_than_best_alive_score = tf.reduce_all(
tf.greater(lowest_finished_scores, best_alive_scores)
)
return tf.logical_and(
not_at_max_decode_length,
tf.logical_not(worst_finished_score_better_than_best_alive_score)
)
[docs] def _search_step(self, state):
"""Beam search loop body.
Grow alive sequences by a single ID. Sequences that have reached the EOS
token are marked as finished. The alive and finished sequences with the
highest log probabilities and scores are returned.
A sequence's finished score is calculating by dividing the log probability
by the length normalization factor. Without length normalization, the
search is more likely to return shorter sequences.
Args:
state: A dictionary with the current loop state.
Returns:
new state dictionary.
"""
# Grow alive sequences by one token.
new_seq, new_log_probs, new_cache = self._grow_alive_seq(state)
# Collect top beam_size alive sequences
alive_state = self._get_new_alive_state(new_seq, new_log_probs, new_cache)
# Combine newly finished sequences with existing finished sequences, and
# collect the top k scoring sequences.
finished_state = self._get_new_finished_state(state, new_seq, new_log_probs)
# Increment loop index and create new state dictionary
new_state = {_StateKeys.CUR_INDEX: state[_StateKeys.CUR_INDEX] + 1}
new_state.update(alive_state)
new_state.update(finished_state)
return [new_state]
[docs] def _grow_alive_seq(self, state):
"""Grow alive sequences by one token, and collect top 2*beam_size sequences.
2*beam_size sequences are collected because some sequences may have reached
the EOS token. 2*beam_size ensures that at least beam_size sequences are
still alive.
Args:
state: A dictionary with the current loop state.
Returns:
Tuple of
(Top 2*beam_size sequences [batch_size, 2 * beam_size, cur_index + 1],
Scores of returned sequences [batch_size, 2 * beam_size],
New alive cache, for each of the 2 * beam_size sequences)
"""
i = state[_StateKeys.CUR_INDEX]
alive_seq = state[_StateKeys.ALIVE_SEQ]
alive_log_probs = state[_StateKeys.ALIVE_LOG_PROBS]
alive_cache = state[_StateKeys.ALIVE_CACHE]
beams_to_keep = 2 * self.beam_size
# Get logits for the next candidate IDs for the alive sequences. Get the new
# cache values at the same time.
flat_ids = _flatten_beam_dim(alive_seq) # [batch_size * beam_size]
flat_cache = nest.map_structure(_flatten_beam_dim, alive_cache)
flat_logits, flat_cache = self.symbols_to_logits_fn(flat_ids, i, flat_cache)
# Unflatten logits to shape [batch_size, beam_size, vocab_size]
logits = _unflatten_beam_dim(flat_logits, self.batch_size, self.beam_size)
new_cache = nest.map_structure(
lambda t: _unflatten_beam_dim(t, self.batch_size, self.beam_size),
flat_cache)
# Convert logits to normalized log probs
candidate_log_probs = _log_prob_from_logits(logits)
# Calculate new log probabilities if each of the alive sequences were
# extended # by the the candidate IDs.
# Shape [batch_size, beam_size, vocab_size]
log_probs = candidate_log_probs + tf.expand_dims(alive_log_probs, axis=2)
# Each batch item has beam_size * vocab_size candidate sequences. For each
# batch item, get the k candidates with the highest log probabilities.
flat_log_probs = tf.reshape(log_probs,
[-1, self.beam_size * self.vocab_size])
topk_log_probs, topk_indices = tf.nn.top_k(flat_log_probs, k=beams_to_keep)
# Extract the alive sequences that generate the highest log probabilities
# after being extended.
topk_beam_indices = topk_indices // self.vocab_size
topk_seq, new_cache = _gather_beams(
[alive_seq, new_cache], topk_beam_indices, self.batch_size,
beams_to_keep)
# Append the most probable IDs to the topk sequences
topk_ids = topk_indices % self.vocab_size
topk_ids = tf.expand_dims(topk_ids, axis=2)
topk_seq = tf.concat([topk_seq, topk_ids], axis=2)
return topk_seq, topk_log_probs, new_cache
[docs] def _get_new_alive_state(self, new_seq, new_log_probs, new_cache):
"""Gather the top k sequences that are still alive.
Args:
new_seq: New sequences generated by growing the current alive sequences
int32 tensor with shape [batch_size, 2 * beam_size, cur_index + 1]
new_log_probs: Log probabilities of new sequences
float32 tensor with shape [batch_size, beam_size]
new_cache: Dict of cached values for each sequence.
Returns:
Dictionary with alive keys from _StateKeys:
{Top beam_size sequences that are still alive (don't end with eos_id)
Log probabilities of top alive sequences
Dict cache storing decoder states for top alive sequences}
"""
# To prevent finished sequences from being considered, set log probs to -INF
new_finished_flags = tf.equal(new_seq[:, :, -1], self.eos_id)
new_log_probs += tf.to_float(new_finished_flags) * -INF
top_alive_seq, top_alive_log_probs, top_alive_cache = _gather_topk_beams(
[new_seq, new_log_probs, new_cache], new_log_probs, self.batch_size,
self.beam_size)
return {
_StateKeys.ALIVE_SEQ: top_alive_seq,
_StateKeys.ALIVE_LOG_PROBS: top_alive_log_probs,
_StateKeys.ALIVE_CACHE: top_alive_cache
}
[docs] def _get_new_finished_state(self, state, new_seq, new_log_probs):
"""Combine new and old finished sequences, and gather the top k sequences.
Args:
state: A dictionary with the current loop state.
new_seq: New sequences generated by growing the current alive sequences
int32 tensor with shape [batch_size, beam_size, i + 1]
new_log_probs: Log probabilities of new sequences
float32 tensor with shape [batch_size, beam_size]
Returns:
Dictionary with finished keys from _StateKeys:
{Top beam_size finished sequences based on score,
Scores of finished sequences,
Finished flags of finished sequences}
"""
i = state[_StateKeys.CUR_INDEX]
finished_seq = state[_StateKeys.FINISHED_SEQ]
finished_scores = state[_StateKeys.FINISHED_SCORES]
finished_flags = state[_StateKeys.FINISHED_FLAGS]
# First append a column of 0-ids to finished_seq to increment the length.
# New shape of finished_seq: [batch_size, beam_size, i + 1]
finished_seq = tf.concat(
[finished_seq,
tf.zeros([self.batch_size, self.beam_size, 1], tf.int32)], axis=2)
# Calculate new seq scores from log probabilities.
length_norm = _length_normalization(self.alpha, i + 1)
new_scores = new_log_probs / length_norm
# Set the scores of the still-alive seq in new_seq to large negative values.
new_finished_flags = tf.equal(new_seq[:, :, -1], self.eos_id)
new_scores += (1. - tf.to_float(new_finished_flags)) * -INF
# Combine sequences, scores, and flags.
finished_seq = tf.concat([finished_seq, new_seq], axis=1)
finished_scores = tf.concat([finished_scores, new_scores], axis=1)
finished_flags = tf.concat([finished_flags, new_finished_flags], axis=1)
# Return the finished sequences with the best scores.
top_finished_seq, top_finished_scores, top_finished_flags = (
_gather_topk_beams([finished_seq, finished_scores, finished_flags],
finished_scores, self.batch_size, self.beam_size))
return {
_StateKeys.FINISHED_SEQ: top_finished_seq,
_StateKeys.FINISHED_SCORES: top_finished_scores,
_StateKeys.FINISHED_FLAGS: top_finished_flags
}
[docs]def sequence_beam_search(
symbols_to_logits_fn, initial_ids, initial_cache, vocab_size, beam_size,
alpha, max_decode_length, eos_id):
"""Search for sequence of subtoken ids with the largest probability.
Args:
symbols_to_logits_fn: A function that takes in ids, index, and cache as
arguments. The passed in arguments will have shape:
ids -> [batch_size * beam_size, index]
index -> [] (scalar)
cache -> nested dictionary of tensors [batch_size * beam_size, ...]
The function must return logits and new cache.
logits -> [batch * beam_size, vocab_size]
new cache -> same shape/structure as inputted cache
initial_ids: Starting ids for each batch item.
int32 tensor with shape [batch_size]
initial_cache: dict containing starting decoder variables information
vocab_size: int size of tokens
beam_size: int number of beams
alpha: float defining the strength of length normalization
max_decode_length: maximum length to decoded sequence
eos_id: int id of eos token, used to determine when a sequence has finished
Returns:
Top decoded sequences [batch_size, beam_size, max_decode_length]
sequence scores [batch_size, beam_size]
"""
batch_size = tf.shape(initial_ids)[0]
sbs = SequenceBeamSearch(symbols_to_logits_fn, vocab_size, batch_size,
beam_size, alpha, max_decode_length, eos_id)
return sbs.search(initial_ids, initial_cache)
def _log_prob_from_logits(logits):
return logits - tf.reduce_logsumexp(logits, axis=2, keep_dims=True)
[docs]def _length_normalization(alpha, length):
"""Return length normalization factor."""
return tf.pow(((5. + tf.to_float(length)) / 6.), alpha)
[docs]def _expand_to_beam_size(tensor, beam_size):
"""Tiles a given tensor by beam_size.
Args:
tensor: tensor to tile [batch_size, ...]
beam_size: How much to tile the tensor by.
Returns:
Tiled tensor [batch_size, beam_size, ...]
"""
tensor = tf.expand_dims(tensor, axis=1)
tile_dims = [1] * tensor.shape.ndims
tile_dims[1] = beam_size
return tf.tile(tensor, tile_dims)
[docs]def _shape_list(tensor):
"""Return a list of the tensor's shape, and ensure no None values in list."""
# Get statically known shape (may contain None's for unknown dimensions)
shape = tensor.get_shape().as_list()
# Ensure that the shape values are not None
dynamic_shape = tf.shape(tensor)
for i in range(len(shape)):
if shape[i] is None:
shape[i] = dynamic_shape[i]
return shape
def _get_shape_keep_last_dim(tensor):
shape_list = _shape_list(tensor)
# Only the last
for i in range(len(shape_list) - 1):
shape_list[i] = None
if isinstance(shape_list[-1], tf.Tensor):
shape_list[-1] = None
return tf.TensorShape(shape_list)
[docs]def _flatten_beam_dim(tensor):
"""Reshapes first two dimensions in to single dimension.
Args:
tensor: Tensor to reshape of shape [A, B, ...]
Returns:
Reshaped tensor of shape [A*B, ...]
"""
shape = _shape_list(tensor)
shape[0] *= shape[1]
shape.pop(1) # Remove beam dim
return tf.reshape(tensor, shape)
[docs]def _unflatten_beam_dim(tensor, batch_size, beam_size):
"""Reshapes first dimension back to [batch_size, beam_size].
Args:
tensor: Tensor to reshape of shape [batch_size*beam_size, ...]
batch_size: Tensor, original batch size.
beam_size: int, original beam size.
Returns:
Reshaped tensor of shape [batch_size, beam_size, ...]
"""
shape = _shape_list(tensor)
new_shape = [batch_size, beam_size] + shape[1:]
return tf.reshape(tensor, new_shape)
[docs]def _gather_beams(nested, beam_indices, batch_size, new_beam_size):
"""Gather beams from nested structure of tensors.
Each tensor in nested represents a batch of beams, where beam refers to a
single search state (beam search involves searching through multiple states
in parallel).
This function is used to gather the top beams, specified by
beam_indices, from the nested tensors.
Args:
nested: Nested structure (tensor, list, tuple or dict) containing tensors
with shape [batch_size, beam_size, ...].
beam_indices: int32 tensor with shape [batch_size, new_beam_size]. Each
value in beam_indices must be between [0, beam_size), and are not
necessarily unique.
batch_size: int size of batch
new_beam_size: int number of beams to be pulled from the nested tensors.
Returns:
Nested structure containing tensors with shape
[batch_size, new_beam_size, ...]
"""
# Computes the i'th coodinate that contains the batch index for gather_nd.
# Batch pos is a tensor like [[0,0,0,0,],[1,1,1,1],..].
batch_pos = tf.range(batch_size * new_beam_size) // new_beam_size
batch_pos = tf.reshape(batch_pos, [batch_size, new_beam_size])
# Create coordinates to be passed to tf.gather_nd. Stacking creates a tensor
# with shape [batch_size, beam_size, 2], where the last dimension contains
# the (i, j) gathering coordinates.
coordinates = tf.stack([batch_pos, beam_indices], axis=2)
return nest.map_structure(
lambda state: tf.gather_nd(state, coordinates), nested)
[docs]def _gather_topk_beams(nested, score_or_log_prob, batch_size, beam_size):
"""Gather top beams from nested structure."""
_, topk_indexes = tf.nn.top_k(score_or_log_prob, k=beam_size)
return _gather_beams(nested, topk_indexes, batch_size, beam_size)


Correlation coefficient is used to find how strong a relationship is between data. The formulas return a value between -1 and 1, where:
Pearson Formula for Correlation Coefficient:
\[r_{x,y}=\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}(X_{i}-M_{x})(Y_{i}-M_{y})}{\sqrt{\sum_{i=1}^{n}(X_{i}-M_{y})^2 \sum_{i=1}^{n}(Y_{i}-M_{y})^2}}\]


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