WITNESS LIST Human Services Committee April 28, 1999-8:00A HB 822 Registering, but not testifying: For: Lewis, Jerry (North & East Judges & Commissioners Association), Gainesville Walker, Helen (Victoria County and County Judges-Commissioners Assoc. of Texas), Victoria On: Alexander, Cindy (Comptroller of Public Accounts), Austin Martone, Justine (Comptroller of Public Accounts), Austin HB 875 Registering, but not testifying: On: Coombes, Phyllis (Comptroller of Public Accounts), Austin Gilbert, Don (Texas Health and Human Services Commission), Austin Jones, Marty (Texas Department of Human Services), Austin HB 1514 Registering, but not testifying: On: Coombes, Phyllis (Comptroller of Public Accounts), Austin Gilbert, Don (Texas Health and Human Services Commission), Austin Holster, Jim (Texas Department of Human Services), Austin SB 666 ON: Bresette, Patrick (Center for Public Policy Priorities), Austin Registering, but not testifying: For: Murphree, Susan (Advocacy, Incorporated), Austin On: Denton, Judy (Texas Department of Human Services), Austin SB 983 Registering, but not testifying: For: Couch, Anne (Girling Health Care, Inc.), Austin Speights, Sara (Texas Association for Home Care), Austin SB 1259 Registering, but not testifying: For: Aguirre, Teresa (Texas Association of Homes and Services for the Aging), Austin On: Cormier, Janna (Texas Department on Housing and Community Affairs), Austin Dale, Sarah (Texas Department on Housing and Community Affairs), Austin SB 1391 Registering, but not testifying: On: Coufal, David (Texas Workforce Commission), Austin SB 1591 Registering, but not testifying: On: Alexander, Cindy (Comptroller of Public Accounts), Austin Esquivel, Eddie (Department of Information Resources), Austin Gilbert, Don (Texas Health and Human Services Commission), Austin Hermes, Bruce (Texas Department of Health), Austin Longley, Dianne (Texas Department of Insurance), Austin Miller, Jerry K. (Texas Department of Health), Austin


order of sytling in CSS is "deepest out", in other words the rules applies closest to that element. element specific styling will be applied on top of embedded styling (from html head) onto styling from external file, onto browers defaut styling. for web developpers conflict resolution would be defining the second element specifically to override the conflict. the last factor is the !important tag which overrides any more specific rules. Other methods are from the addition of a class to a specific element of your own type. lastly there are id selectors to assigns styling to a certain element.


Patient Details
Symptoms
Prescription
Medical Help
Appointment
Logout
Symptoms
Patient Id
Doctor Id
success rate
Save


Canapé
Mess Management System
Let's Go
Canapé
Skip your Meal
-- Select Hostel --
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
PG
-- Select Meal --
Breakfast
Lunch
Dinner


Michelle Anne Lanzoni
Unafffiliated
I am a geography researcher. I focus on water resources in dryland areas, including those in Colorado. I also teach online writing courses through the magazine Creative Nonfiction, and I took temporary work in Colorado with the US Census Bureau. Prior to this, I taught physical and human geography coursework for several years at the university level and conducted scientific research.
PhD, Geography MSc, Water Science, Policy and Management MS, Environmental Studies BA, Biology I have a doctorate in geography from Oxford and two masters related to environmental studies and water resources. I am proficient in GIS, and I have an interest in the layers of data contained within maps. As a geographer, I have used ArcGIS and satellite data to study population and land-use changes in Colorado.
81101
As a former grant recipient from Clinton Global Initiatives (Clinton Foundation) for my work on water projects, I have in turn donated to this nonprofit organization in support of its charitable works. I have also made contributions to campaigns through my professional organizations advocating for science education in America. Science advocacy is non-partisan and benefits those of any party.
I volunteer as a board member for the Colorado Field Institute. This is a nonprofit organization dedicated to educating the public about southern Colorado's natural history, heritage, and cultural resources. It focuses primarily on the San Luis Valley. We organize winter lectures at Adams State University and summer field trips throughout southern Colorado. I also serve on the board of my college alumni association, Prescott College in Arizona. My professional memberships include PEN America, the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), and the American Geophysical Union (AGU), the largest organization for earth and space scientists.
During the 2020 Census field campaign, I taught, organized, and led a team of field enumerators in the San Luis Valley, one of the most difficult areas in all of Colorado to count. I was responsible for Costilla, Alamosa, and Saguache Counties. I also led a team performing analytical and quality control measures on the NRFU Census data. This team analyzed Census data received from across southern Colorado including Trinidad and Pueblo. I advocated for the accurate counting of historically under-represented areas, and I worked hard to get as many people as possible counted in the timeframe allowed. This was non-partisan work. As a water scientist and well owner in Colorado, I have an interest in, and have considered others’ interests in, Colorado’s water resources. I have attended many water conservation district and water user association meetings, and I have presented my research before some of these groups.
My PhD work at Oxford brought me in 2014 to the San Luis Valley. In southern Colorado I spent several years studying precipitation patterns, groundwater chemistry, water flowpaths, and by default—water law. I learned all of these are a changing landscape influenced by human settlement, which in turn, is dependent on physical geography. I saw how physical geography and human geography interact. In 2020, I had the opportunity to work for the US Census. While I had previously been involved in my community as a board member for the Colorado Field Institute and had actively participated in water board and water association meetings, the Census offered me my first experience linking community involvement with state and federal representation. To me, it was the clearest demonstration of “democracy in action.” The phrase “democracy in action” is often applied to the simple act of voting. No doubt, voting is important. Our country just experienced an election with its highest voter turnout in history. But our Constitution provides for an electoral college system, and the number of Congressional representatives as well as the boundaries of a state’s congressional and legislative districts are all based on data ascertained by the US Census Bureau. In 2018, Colorado passed laws providing for a team of independent commissioners tasked with re-drawing district boundaries every ten years based on the most recent Census data. I would like to follow the US Census data for Colorado I helped gather and spent time analyzing. Its next point of usefulness will be to help Colorado re-frame its new congressional and legislative boundaries based on changes in settlement patterns and population data. I want to use the knowledge and skills I’ve acquired to help determine the map boundaries for Colorado. I want to actively participate in my state’s democratic process. I want to learn more about this process by getting involved directly. Because I am a geographer who loves maps, joining the redistricting commission seems an appropriate and important way for me to serve my community, state, and country.
I have worked in groups who hold divergent political, religious, and cultural beliefs. I have done so as a teacher, a group leader, and a participant. I am patient and respectful, and I listen to others. I see working in diverse groups as an opportunity to learn the points of view of others and to help communicate clear, logical ideas that can lead to a group consensus.
I am a scientist who is comfortable in the use of both qualitative and quantitative analysis. I’ve worked with large data sets, and I am accustomed to analyzing multiple variables and examining data projections through time. I am also practiced at synthesizing data and communicating these in a clear and compelling manner. I apply logic and reason in assessing a situation, constructing a verbal or written argument, and in solving problems. I have participated in formal debates, and I teach the use of logical argument and evidence-based research.
Female


getdirentry - read filename from directory
Standard C Library (libc, -lc)
#include <unistd.h>
int
getdirentry(int fd, char *buf,
size_t buflen);
getdirentry retrieves the next filename from a directory referred to by the file descriptor fd. The name is stored in buf, an area of size buflen. The length of of the name actually found is returned.
Note: this call behaves like read() - the name stored in buf is not null-terminated.
Which filename is the "next" is chosen based on the seek pointer associated with the file handle. The meaning of the seek pointer on a directory is defined by the filesystem in use and should not be interpreted - the only ways in which lseek should be used are with SEEK_SET and an offset previously returned by lseek, or with any of SEEK_SET, SEEK_CUR, or SEEK_EOF with an offset of 0.
getdirentry (like all system calls) should be atomic. In this case this means that each getdirentry call should return a name that was in the directory at the point in time when the call happened relative to other calls. getdirentry should never return names that have only been partially written or that have been partially erased. Note that the kernel is not obliged to (and generally cannot) make the getdirentry call atomic with respect to other threads in the same process accessing the transfer buffer during the operation.
In general it is desirable for directory iteration to be stable; that is, opening a directory and reading it should yield a consistent snapshot of the directory state. Implementing this is a nuisance in general, and is worse in OS/161 since the system call we have can only return one name at a time. Therefore, it isn't required by default. (However, always check your course materials for the official word, just in case.)
On success, getdirentry returns the length of the name transferred. On error, -1 is returned, and errno is set according to the error encountered.
| EBADF | fd is not a valid file handle. | |
| ENOTDIR | fd does not refer to a directory. | |
| EIO | A hard I/O error occurred. | |
| EFAULT | buf points to an invalid address. |


{{extend "layout.html"}}
{{=T("The")}} {{=module_name}} {{=T("can be used to extract data from spreadsheets and put them into database tables.")}}


Two legs on one end of the table will be mounted on linear bearings connected to the underside tabletop. Each leg will have a large ball screw mounted through the centre, and the threaded rod would be turned by an encoded DC motor. These will be controlled by an Arduino MicroThe aim is to have this feature in a works like state by the conclusion of the project. To reduce strain on the rest of the frame due to the angle changes the legs will be mounted on a set of ball-socket shoulder joints.
It was clear from the outset that this feature requires the figurines to be produced with some form of hinge, and a suitably secure fixation method would need to be determined to allow the figures to be clipped on and off of the steel poles without changing position or relative angle.
 Scores displayed with a 7 segment display.


Keto Bombs are high-fat, low-carb snack recipes.
The ingredients are clean, sugar-free, and meant to provide energy without spiking blood sugar.
Keto refers to the Ketogenic Diet. Popular today as a nutrition philosophy, it's been used historically since it's been used theraputically for conditions like epilepsy, type II diabetes, and cancer recovery. It is effective at keeping blood sugar levels even throughout the day.
You can find more information about the History of the ketogenic diet in this article fromt the US National Center for Biotechnology Information.
If you'd like to join a ketogenic community, look into Keto Reddit.


Class Device
- java.lang.Object
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- com.detroitlabs.katalonmobileutil.device.Device
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public class Device extends java.lang.Object
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Constructor Summary
Constructors Constructor Description Device()
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Method Summary
All Methods Static Methods Concrete Methods Modifier and Type Method Description static java.lang.String
getDeviceOS()
static boolean
isAndroid()
static boolean
isIOS()
static boolean
isWeb()
static void
startApp(java.lang.String filePath, java.lang.String appId, boolean removeAppBefore)
Start a mobile application for testing.static void
startApp(java.util.List<App> apps, boolean removeAppBefore)
Start a mobile application for testing, automatically determined by the device platform.static void
stopApp()
Stops the application, leaving the state intact.static void
stopApp(boolean uninstallApp)
Stops the application, optionally uninstalling the app
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Method Detail
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isIOS
public static boolean isIOS()
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isAndroid
public static boolean isAndroid()
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isWeb
public static boolean isWeb()
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getDeviceOS
public static java.lang.String getDeviceOS()
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startApp
public static void startApp(java.util.List<App> apps, boolean removeAppBefore) throws AppNotFoundException
Start a mobile application for testing, automatically determined by the device platform.- Parameters:
apps
- a list of Apps for each platform that will be parsed when starting the app. The app for the current platform will be chosen.removeAppBefore
- determines whether app data will be cleared before the app starts.- Throws:
AppNotFoundException
- when the provided platform is not recognized.
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startApp
public static void startApp(java.lang.String filePath, java.lang.String appId, boolean removeAppBefore)
Start a mobile application for testing.- Parameters:
filePath
- absolute path to the .app, .ipa, or .apk file containing the application.appId
- application bundle identifier/package name. Used when uninstalling an app. Can be null if not uninstalling the app before or after the test.removeAppBefore
- determines whether app data will be cleared before the app starts.
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stopApp
public static void stopApp()
Stops the application, leaving the state intact.
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stopApp
public static void stopApp(boolean uninstallApp)
Stops the application, optionally uninstalling the app- Parameters:
uninstallApp
- indicate whether the app should be removed after it is stopped. NOTE: On iOS, the app will not be removed, but its data will be cleared.
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| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| LoginRequest | |
| LoginResponse | |
| MatchStartMessage | |
| MatchStateMessage | |
| Message |
This class encapsulates a message that can be sent over the network
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| MoveMessage | |
| NormalMoveRequest | |
| PassRequest |
A pass request message, to be sent to the server to request a "pass"
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| PatternRequest |
This class encapsulates a board's pattern request
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| PatternResponse |
This class encapsulates a board's pattern response
|
| QueueRequest |
Used in the Server class when the clients try to login and they are put in the queue
|
| TimeResetMessage |
Message sent by the server to every client whenever the in-game timer ends.
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| ToolCardRequest |
This class encapsulates a ToolCard activation request
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| ToolCardResponse | |
| UndoRequest | |
| UndoResponse |
| Enum | Description |
|---|---|
| Message.Content | |
| Message.Type |


Dear friend, This letter must surprise you because we have never meet before neither in person nor by correspondence, but I believe that it takes just one day to meet or know someone either physically or through correspondence. I got your contact through my personal search, you were revealed as being quite astute in private entrepreneurship, and one has no doubt in your ability to handle a financial business transaction. I am Mr. Liu Yan a transfer supervisor operations in investment section in Bank of China Ltd. Secretariat of the BOCHK Charitable Foundation 13/F. Bank of China Tower, 1 Garden Road, Hong Kong I have an obscured business suggestion for you.Before the U.S and Iraqi war our client General Mohammed Jassim Ali who work with the Iraqi forces and also business man made a numbered fixed deposit for 18 calendar months, with a value of Nineteen million Five Hundred Thousand United States Dollars only in my branch. Upon maturity several notices was sent to him, even early in the war. Again after the war another notification was sent and still no response came from him. We later find out that General Mohammed Jassim Ali and his family had been killed during the war in a bomb blast that hit their home.After further investigation it was also discovered that General Mohammed Jassim Ali did not declare any next of kin in his official papers including the paper work of his bank deposit. And he also confided in me the last time he was at my office that no one except me knew of his deposit in my bank. So, Nineteen million Five Hundred Thousand United States Dollars is still lying in my bank and no one will ever come forward to claim it. What bothers me most is that, according to the to the laws of my country at the expiration 3 years the funds will revert to the ownership of the Hong Kong Government if nobody applies to claim the funds. Against this backdrop, my suggestion to you is that I will like you as a foreigner to stand as the next of kin to General Mohammed Jassim Ali so that you will be able to receive his funds.I want you to know that I have had everything planned out so that we shall come out successful. I have contacted an attorney that will prepare the necessary document that will back you up as the next of kin to General Mohammed Jassim Ali, all what is required from you at this stage is for you to provide me with your Full Names, private phone number and Address so that the attorney can commence his job. After you have been made the next of kin, the attorney will also fill in for claims on your behalf and secure the necessary approval and letter of probate in your favor for the transfer of the funds to an account that will be provided by you with my guidiance.There is no risk involved at all in the matter as we are going adopt a legalized method and the attorney will prepare all the necessary documents. Please endeavor to observe utmost discretion in all matters concerning this issue. Once the funds have been transferred to your nominated bank account we shall discuss the percentage issue on your reply.If you are interested please send me your full names, private phone/fax and current residential address. Kind Regards Liu Yan. N:B Your earliest response to this letter will be appreciated. Please make sure you contact me on my private email: info.liuyan@yahoo.com.hk


Tyga spotted riding with mystery woman who looks very similar to ex Kylie Jenner
Tyga painted the town red in his Ferrari after a hot dinner date last night, but it’s his mysterious lady friend who’s got everyone talking.
The pair were spotted sheepishly leaving Delilah restaurant in West Hollywood.
Dressed in a Louis Vuitton jumper and green headband, Tyga drove his date out of the restaurant’s parking lot as she kept her head down.
She appears to be wearing a nude-coloured top with blue jeans, but nothing else is yet known about the mystery woman… besides the fact that she bears a striking resemblance to Tyga’s ex, Kylie Jenner.
Don’t you think?
The 29-year-old American rapper sparked rumours he was seeing Kylie again after the two were spotted together in a late night rendezvous straight after she announced her split with Travis Scott.
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In photos obtained by the Mail Online, the mother-of-one is seen outside the Sunset Marquis where Tyga was reportedly laying down tracks in the hotel’s recording studio.
Kylie was accompanied by her friends Anastasia ‘Stassi’ Karanikolaou and Kelsey Calemine, whom she had earlier partied with at the West Hollywood club Delilah until 2am.
The Keeping Up With the Kardashians star is reported to have left at around 3am – Stassi and Kelsey left via the same exit as Tyga but Kylie was able to avoid the cameras when she made her way home.
It’s not the first time Kylie and Tyga, 29, have bumped into each other since their split two years ago.
They were spotted in the same club together last month and partied together in Las Vegas.
Got a showbiz story?
If you've got a story, video or pictures get in touch with the Metro.co.uk Entertainment team by emailing us<EMAIL_ADDRESS>calling 020 3615 2145 or by visiting our Submit Stuff page - we'd love to hear from you.


Contributing
Colour is open source and we happily welcome contributions. This guide will give you an overview on how to contribute.
There are many ways to help:
Reporting a defect, proposing a new feature, an enhancement or commenting existing issues on the Issue Tracker.
Contributing new code by implementing new features or adding examples. For some ideas you can take a look at the issues with the Enhancement and Feature labels or the v9.9.9 milestone.
Maintaining the existing code base, improving the code style and quality, improving the coverage, updating the documentation, fixing bugs, addressing TODOs, etc... Issues with the Defect or Enhancement labels are a good place to start.
-
Improving siblings packages:
Participating in discussions on Github.
Github hosts a First Contributions repository with good information for new comers.
Reporting Issues
The three major issue types one can report on the issue tracker are the following:
We currently use a large set of labels to categorise issues:
-
Defect: Used for any kind of defect reported.
Critical: Used for issues either rendering the software unusable, causing loss of data, or preventing people to work. These issues need to be fixed immediately.
Major: Used for issues which have significant consequences on the ability of people to work but do not lead to the whole API being unusable.
Normal: Used for issues affecting one piece of functionality. Those are usually self-contained and don't impact the overall functionality of the API.
Minor: Used for cosmetic issues that don't prevent the API to run properly.
Enhancement: Used for an enhancement of an existing feature, can also be used for new feature suggestion, although Feature label should be preferred.
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Feature: Used for a new feature, functionality suggestion.
API: Used for issues related to the API.
Discarded: Used for a discarded / canceled issue.
Discussion: Used to discuss any subject, those issues often turn into features or enhancement.
Distribution: Used to discuss distribution and packaging of the API.
Documentation: Used for issues related to the documentation.
Duplicate: Used for a duplicate issue.
Examples: Used for issues related to the examples.
Postponed: Used for an issue postponed for a future milestone.
Task: Used for a task not directly related to pure programming.
Good First Issue: Used for an issue appropriate for a first time contribution.
Help Wanted: Used for an issue appropriate for a first time contribution but likely harder than a Good First Issue one.
Defects
You encountered a problem while using Colour, please consider reporting it on the Issue Tracker.
The first thing to do, is to check if there are any existing issues describing your problem, if there is one, you are welcome commenting into it and provide more details. However, please avoid creating duplicates, they add noise to the issue tracker and we will have to label them as Duplicate and close them.
When reporting a defect please provide the output of the following command if possible, and if it makes sense to do so:
The typical output is something along those lines:
=============================================================================== * * * Interpreter : * * python : 3.9.9 (main, Nov 21 2021, 03:16:13) * * [Clang 13.0.0 (clang-13<IP_ADDRESS>)] * * * * colour-science.org : * * colour : v0.3.16-632-g630647772 * * * * Runtime : * * imageio : 2.14.1 * * matplotlib : 3.4.3 * * networkx : 2.6.3 * * numpy : 1.22.1 * * pandas : 1.4.0 * * pygraphviz : 1.8 * * PyOpenColorIO : 2.1.2 * * scipy : 1.7.3 * * sklearn : 1.0.2 * * tqdm : 4.62.3 * * trimesh : 3.9.43 * * * ===============================================================================
If you are reporting an exception, please provide the complete traceback, it will help us tremendously understand what happened.
Features & Enhancements
If you would like a new feature to be supported or an enhancement of an existing feature, don't hesitate to link any resources or references you feel like would help its implementation: publications, wikipedia article, etc...
If there is an implementation existing in another language, we will be most likely be able to port it although the licence must be compatible with the BSD-3-Clause terms.
We are also running Matlab, so don't hesitate to provide snippets for it if you have functions you would like to be ported.
Contributing Code
Assuming you have something to work on, you will have to get the code and follow the guidelines.
Development for Colour
Here is a succinct overview of the steps you will most likely go through:
Step 1
Step 2
Clone the repository locally to your workspace:
Step 3
Navigate to the colour directory:
Step 4
Assuming python >= 3.8, < 3.11 is available on your system, the development dependencies are installed with Poetry as follows:
If Graphviz is available on your system, you might issue the following commands instead of the aforementioned ones:
git clone git://github.com/colour-science/colour.git cd colour poetry install --extras "graphviz meshing optional plotting"
If you are in a hurry and not willing to prepend each command with poetry run, it is possible to put the following function in your .bash_profile:
function poem() { if [[ -n "$@" ]]; then poetry env use "$@" else poetry env use 3 fi; if [ -f "pyproject.toml" ]; then source $(poetry env info -p)/bin/activate else echo "The current directory has no associated \"poetry\" capability!" fi; }
Then issuing poem will activate the appropriate virtual environment for your clone.
Step 5
Install the pre-commit hooks:
Step 6
Connect your clone to the original upstream repository by adding it as a remote:
Step 7
You should now have two remotes:
Step 8
Pull the latest changes from upstream:
Step 9
Create a branch for your contribution:
The core developers are using the git flow branching model for most of the development tasks and since the branch name appears in the commit message and for consistency, please use the following branch prefixes:
Feature branch prefix: feature/
Release branch prefix: release/
Hotfix branch prefix: hotfix/
As an example, working to implement Mie Scattering support:
Step 11
Implement your changes while making sure examples and relevant documentation are written.
Step 12
Check whether the unit tests and doctests are passing:
or alternatively:
Step 13
Verify that the static checking from mypy is passing:
poetry run dmypy run -- --show-error-codes --warn-unused-ignores --warn-redundant-casts --install-types --non-interactive -p colour
or alternatively:
Step 14
Commit your changes:
Step 15
Push your changes to origin, i.e. your own fork:
Step 16
Visit your repository fork on Github. Your branch should have a green Pull Request button, this will open a pull request and let us know that we have some code to review :)
Step 17
Check that the continuous integration suite succeeded.
Code Review
Your pull request will be reviewed by the maintainers and any other developer interested by the project.
We review all the code submitted, this is a natural process helping to raise the codebase quality around a friendly and constructive discussion. Comments will be made on various aspects such as the documentation and references, the code style and its implementation. Those can be discouraging, although they are not meant to criticize but aim at improving the quality of your submission. We all learn from that process and the project ultimately benefits from them.
Guidelines
Most of the conventions used in Colour are the same than NumPy, SciPy and scikit-image.
Overview
We follow the Google Python Style Guide and especially the Python Language Rules although with the main exception being the docstrings / documentation formatted with Numpy Docstrings Style.
We use type hints to statically indicate and verify the type of objects in the codebase with mypy.
The code has to be PEP 8 compliant although but before anything else, it needs to be consistent with the Colour Science litterature:
For example, the base CIE colourspace is CIE XYZ with upper case notation. It can be converted to chromaticity coordinates xy with lower case notation. If we were to fully abide by the PEP 8 recommendations, we would have written a conversion definition as follows:
def xyz_to_xy(xyz: ArrayLike) -> Tuple: x, y, z = np.ravel(xyz) x, y = x / (x + y + z), y / (x + y + z) return x, y
Abstracting the fact that the above definition is totally undocumented, it can be confusing to understand when we are referencing big X tristimulus value or little x chromaticity coordinate.
For those cases, and there are legions of them in Colour Science, we have decided to go for clarity and consistency with the literature for the object names:
def XYZ_to_xy(XYZ: ArrayLike) -> Tuple: X, Y, Z = np.ravel(XYZ) x, y = X / (X + Y + Z), Y / (X + Y + Z) return x, y
When the reference is using upper case named variables, we try to follow the same convention, it is unfortunately not PEP 8 compliant but has the benefit of a much easier comparison between the implementation and the reference.
We suggest that contributors follow the same rule.
Python Language Rules
All the code must be annotated with type hints.
All the code must be covered by unit tests and doctests.
All the code must be documented to the same standard than NumPy, SciPy and scikit-image.
All the code must be checked with the static analysis tool of your choice, e.g. PyCharm , Flake8, or Codacy.
Pull requests should not be merged without being reviewed and ensuring that the Github Actions continuous integration suite succeeded.
Examples should be provided for new features.
Python Style Rules
Ensure consistency with Colour Science literature first.
Ensure PEP 8 compliance.
-
Try using a close to LaTeX syntax for variables names so that they are easier to compare to the reference.
For instance, a variable defined \(D_{uv}\) in a paper would be defined as D_uv in the code, \(L^*\) as Lstar and \(X_{ab}^{\prime}\) as Xp_ab.
Try using uppercase for author names in definitions:
Please use British English words instead of American English ones as the CIE does, the most important of all being colour instead of color. You can consult the CIE Termlist if any doubts.
Import NumPy as follows:
Doctests may need ellipsis, don't rely on global nose settings and specify it using the dedicated pragma as follows:
>>> Lab = np.array([100.00000000, -7.41787844, -15.85742105]) >>> Lab_to_LCHab(Lab) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS array([ 100. , 17.5066479...,<PHONE_NUMBER>...])
-
Numbers in the API are usually rounded as follows:
Dataset numbers are kept as is if they are from a known reference or rounded to 15 digits if computed with the API (spectral distributions, chromaticity coordinates, etc...).
Unit tests and doctests input numbers are kept as is if they are from a reference or rounded to 8 digits if computed with the API.
Unit tests output numbers are rounded to 8 digits.
Doctests output numbers trimmed with ellipsis to 7 digits.
-
We recommend a set of values for use with examples and unit tests. A Gist is available with the generating code.
Priority should be given for CIE Standard Illuminant D Series D65 computed values:
Recommended Values for Use in Colour Examples and Unit Tests Illuminants "xy" D65 : array([0.31270000, 0.32900000]) D50 : array([0.34570000, 0.35850000]) A : array([0.44757000, 0.40745000]) E : array([0.33333333, 0.33333333]) F2 : array([0.37208000, 0.37529000]) CC I : array([0.34570000, 0.35850000]) Illuminants "XYZ" D65 : array([0.95045593, 1.00000000, 1.08905775]) D50 : array([0.96429568, 1.00000000, 0.82510460]) A : array([1.09846607, 1.00000000, 0.35582280]) F2 : array([0.99144661, 1.00000000, 0.67315942]) E : array([1.00000000, 1.00000000, 1.00000000]) CC I : array([0.96429568, 1.00000000, 0.82510460]) ColorChecker 2005 "XYZ" Adapted to "D65" red : array([0.20654008, 0.12197225, 0.05136952]) green : array([0.14222010, 0.23042768, 0.10495772]) blue : array([0.07818780, 0.06157201, 0.28099326]) cyan : array([0.14525849, 0.19799077, 0.40724370]) yellow : array([0.55676530, 0.58671628, 0.09785344]) magenta : array([0.30795495, 0.20024152, 0.31071274]) neutral 5 (.70 D) : array([0.18182171, 0.19153665, 0.21009620]) ColorChecker 2005 "XYZ" Adapted to "D50" red : array([0.21638819, 0.12570000, 0.03847493]) green : array([0.14985004, 0.23180000, 0.07900179]) blue : array([0.06857861, 0.05750000, 0.21375591]) cyan : array([0.13605127, 0.19300000, 0.30938736]) yellow : array([0.59342537, 0.59810000, 0.07188823]) magenta : array([0.31084193, 0.20090000, 0.23565391]) neutral 5 (.70 D) : array([0.18438363, 0.19150000, 0.15918203]) ColorChecker 2005 "XYZ" Adapted to "A" red : array([0.25330530, 0.13765139, 0.01543307]) green : array([0.18673833, 0.23111171, 0.03285972]) blue : array([0.05610693, 0.04992541, 0.09429057]) cyan : array([0.13623492, 0.18062024, 0.13553082]) yellow : array([0.73088905, 0.62177441, 0.02548927]) magenta : array([0.34280970, 0.20770559, 0.10214220]) neutral 5 (.70 D) : array([0.20988974, 0.19141324, 0.06866269]) ColorChecker 2005 "XYZ" Adapted to "E" red : array([0.21781186, 0.12541048, 0.04697113]) green : array([0.15434689, 0.22960951, 0.09620221]) blue : array([0.07683480, 0.06006092, 0.25833845]) cyan : array([0.14893167, 0.19487065, 0.37427698]) yellow : array([0.59874058, 0.59196415, 0.08899633]) magenta : array([0.31991986, 0.20277158, 0.28536138]) neutral 5 (.70 D) : array([0.19126715, 0.19151544, 0.19291812]) ColorChecker 2005 "XYZ" Adapted to "F2" red : array([0.22545552, 0.12877805, 0.03103172]) green : array([0.15832594, 0.23204226, 0.06406107]) blue : array([0.06385467, 0.05509729, 0.17506386]) cyan : array([0.13364947, 0.18951306, 0.25307753]) yellow : array([0.62718558, 0.60525456, 0.05690008]) magenta : array([0.31720246, 0.20226568, 0.19243480]) neutral 5 (.70 D) : array([0.18952683, 0.19147512, 0.12987334]) Luminance "XYZ" Adapted to "D65" red : 12.19722535 green : 23.04276781 blue : 6.15720079 cyan : 19.79907683 yellow : 58.67162787 magenta : 20.02415243 neutral 5 (.70 D) : 19.15366501 Luminance "XYZ" Adapted to "D50" red : 12.57000000 green : 23.18000000 blue : 5.75000000 cyan : 19.30000000 yellow : 59.81000000 magenta : 20.09000000 neutral 5 (.70 D) : 19.15000000 Luminance "XYZ" Adapted to "A" red : 13.76513858 green : 23.11117127 blue : 4.99254109 cyan : 18.06202404 yellow : 62.17744084 magenta : 20.77055938 neutral 5 (.70 D) : 19.14132354 Luminance "XYZ" Adapted to "E" red : 12.54104823 green : 22.96095053 blue : 6.00609174 cyan : 19.48706483 yellow : 59.19641488 magenta : 20.27715822 neutral 5 (.70 D) : 19.15154358 Luminance "XYZ" Adapted to "F2" red : 12.87780528 green : 23.20422641 blue : 5.50972884 cyan : 18.95130571 yellow : 60.52545632 magenta : 20.22656850 neutral 5 (.70 D) : 19.14751195 ColorChecker 2005 "sRGB - Linear" under "D65" red : array([0.45620519, 0.03081071, 0.04091952]) green : array([0.05433312, 0.29879493, 0.07185472]) blue : array([0.01862364, 0.05140184, 0.28880425]) cyan : array([-0.03667845, 0.24755074, 0.39815738]) yellow : array([0.85356364, 0.56517342, 0.01475279]) magenta : array([0.53522616, 0.09013008, 0.30472718]) neutral 5 (.70 D) : array([0.19002735, 0.19183638, 0.19312568]) ColorChecker 2005 "sRGB - OETF" under "D65" red : array([0.70573936, 0.19248268, 0.22354168]) green : array([0.25847007, 0.58276101, 0.29718877]) blue : array([0.14565317, 0.25130933, 0.57378757]) cyan : array([-0.47388561, 0.53467479, 0.66380090]) yellow : array([0.93264474, 0.77675390, 0.12708884]) magenta : array([0.75809823, 0.33206288, 0.58800664]) neutral 5 (.70 D) : array([0.47315229, 0.47524148, 0.47672343]) ColorChecker 2005 "Munsell Value" red : 4.08244375 green : 5.39132685 blue : 2.97619312 cyan : 5.06675596 yellow : 8.04387670 magenta : 5.10225899 neutral 5 (.70 D) : 4.98656896 ColorChecker 2005 "ASTM D1535-08e1 Luminance" red : 12.23634268 green : 22.89399987 blue : 6.29022535 cyan : 19.86282567 yellow : 58.37987916 magenta : 20.18160934 neutral 5 (.70 D) : 19.15426585
Some commonly used dataset elements have aliases like 'cie_2_1931' for 'CIE 1931 2 Degree Standard Observer'. Those are provided for convenience and are reserved for external usage, please use the long form for consistency across the API.
In the same way as above, some computation methods are using a title case like 'Ohno 2013', while the mapping object holding them is case insensitive, please use the title case form for consistency across the API.
Some very big lines sometimes cannot be wrapped (doctests, html links), you can use the # noqa pragma in those cases, although do it in last resort, we have already too much of them.
Avoid / to wrap lines, prefer using the parenthesis ().
The code formatting is performed using black. You can invoke it recursively on a directory as follows:
or alternatively:
Inline comments must have two spaces.
Ensure that you have blank line at the end of the files.
Ensure that trailing whitespaces are stripped.
Prefix unused variable with an underscore:
Citations
It's likely that the code you contribute will be based upon references, we are using a slightly modified APA 7th Edition citation style available for download and generating citations as follows:
Davis, W., & Ohno, Y. (2010). Color quality scale. Optical Engineering, 49(3), 033602. doi:10.1117/1.3360335
Wyszecki, G., & Stiles, W. S. (2000). Table I(6.5.3) Whiteness Formulae (Whiteness Measure Denoted by W). In Color Science: Concepts and Methods, Quantitative Data and Formulae (pp. 837–839). Wiley. ISBN:978-0-471-39918-6
Lindbloom, B. (2014). RGB Working Space Information. Retrieved April 11, 2014, from http://www.brucelindbloom.com/WorkingSpaceInfo.html
We are storing all our citations in a database maintained by Zotero and it is recommended that you are given a citation key by us.
Commits
A good committing strategy implies that separated commits should be done for any particular changes: One should not commit multiple bugs fixes or large change sets at once.
This unnecessarily increase complexity for any code merge or rollbacks needs and prevent a grainier control over the version control. One exception to this rule is for the initial design steps when creating a new sub-package or feature (please consider squashing the commits), but once the said sub-package is in production, a regular committing strategy should be applied.
Commit messages need to use imperative syntax, the first commit line must be a quick description of the modification content finished by a punctuation mark and can be followed by a detailed description separated by one line break. If the commit fixes a particular issue in the issue tracker, it's advised to state it in the commit message using the following syntax: Closes #32.
Yes: Implement "Yoshi Ohno" correlated colour temperature calculation. This implementation allows for a more precise correlated colour temperature calculation by using a two solutions hybrid approach. Closes #32.
No: Coded new cool cct method
Feature Branches & History
History should never be re-written, although while working on your local feature branch, you may want to provide a cleaner commits history before submitting a pull request. It is perfectly fine to modify your local branch as you wish.
However, if you need to change history on a public and used feature branch, please inform the Colour Developers in order to avoid commit losses or a merging disaster.
Releasing Colour
The following stages help maintainers navigate through the release of a new version of Colour, some automation is provided by Invoke:
-
Github - Stage 1
- TODOReview the release notes.
- TODOCheck open issues on the current milestone.
-
Zenodo - Stage 1
- TODOReserve the Zenodo DOI.
-
Colour - Stage 1
- TODOCheck codacy status.
- Rebuild a clean Poetry environment.
-
TODORemove the current Poetry environment.
-
poetry env info -p | xargs rm -r
-
-
TODOCreate a pristine Poetry environment.
-
rm poetry.lock && poem && poetry install --with dev,docs,graphviz,meshing,optional
-
-
TODORun the examples task with figures: They need to be visually assessed for correctness.
-
invoke examples --plots
-
-
TODORun the build task: It cleans the project, runs the pre-commit hooks, the examples, the unit tests, etc...
-
invoke build
-
-
TODORemove the current Poetry environment.
-
Pypi - Stage 1
-
TODORun the virtualise task: It deploys the project to a virtual environment and run the unit tests.
-
invoke virtualise
-
-
TODORun the virtualise task: It deploys the project to a virtual environment and run the unit tests.
-
Colour - Stage 2
- Raise the package version.
-
TODO
__init__.py
-
TODO
pyproject.toml
- A typical commit message for version raise is as follows:
-
Raise package version to 0.3.16.
-
-
TODO
- Update the Zenodo DOI.
-
TODO
README.rst
-
TODO
- Raise the package version.
-
Git
-
TODORun the tag task: It should prompt for tagging the repository accordingly to the defined version using git-flow.
-
invoke tag
-
- A typical tag message for a Colour version is as follows:
-
Create Colour v0.3.16 version.
-
- In the eventuality where the tag creation failed, it might be created manually as follows:
-
git tag -a -m "Create Colour v0.3.16 version." v0.3.16
-
- Push the
master
anddevelop
branches along with the newly created tag:-
git push upstream master develop --tags
-
-
TODORun the tag task: It should prompt for tagging the repository accordingly to the defined version using git-flow.
-
Github - Stage 2
- TODOPublish the release notes on the releases page using the new tag.
-
Pypi - Stage 2
-
TODORun the release task: It releases the project to Pypi with Twine.
-
invoke release
-
-
TODORun the release task: It releases the project to Pypi with Twine.
-
Zenodo - Stage 2
- TODOUpload the Pypi package and create new version in Zenodo.
-
Conda-Forge
-
TODOCreate new conda-forge version. The sha256 attribute must be updated and can be computed with the sha256 task:
-
invoke sha256
-
-
TODOCreate new conda-forge version. The sha256 attribute must be updated and can be computed with the sha256 task:
-
colour-science.org
- Update the release links.
-
TODO
conf.py
-
TODO
index.rst
-
TODO
- Update the documentation links.
-
TODO
api-reference.rst
-
TODO
- Update the Zenodo badge.
-
TODO
conf.py
-
TODO
api-status-and-badges.rst
-
TODO
- Update the release links.
-
Propaganda & Announcement
- TODO3D-Pro
- TODOBuffer (Facebook / Linkedin / Twitter)
- TODOHacker News
- TODOReddit


Published at $hour_padded:$minute_padded | Comments ($n_comments)
Written by $author_link at $time_string
Name: Email: Site: Comments: $if_error_comment[=[You must write something!]=] *italics* **bold** [link](http://url)


When a user submits a booking request via the Appointment Booking component's entry screen, a 'Appointment Request' is created.
This screen shows all requests. The term 'request' is a hold over from the programs early days. An accepted Appointment booking is still a booking 'request'.
Remove: Deletes one or more booking requests.
Edit: Opens the Appointments Edit screen to allow you to view and modify the request.
Reminders: You can send reminder messages to users. (message text defined in the configure screen). Use the Date filter to choose a date then select bookings to receive reminders. Reminders will only be sent to bookings in the future, that are in 'Accepted' status.
Export/CSV: Exports request details for one or more Appointments to a csv file. The csv file can be read into Excel for reporting purposes.
Help: Opens this help screen.
Date: Filter by date, use the 'Clear Date' link to remove filter.
Resource: Filter by resource:
Status: Filter by request status:
ID: Unique ID for the request.
Name: Requestor's name.
Phone: Requestor's phone number.
Email: Email address (if supplied) of the requestor, click on the address to send an email to the person.
Resource: Name of the Resource being booked.
Time: Date and time of the booking.
PayPal Txn: PayPal transaction ID, this ID is generated by PayPal.
Payment: Payment status of the booking.
Status: Request status (see filters above)
Click on the Name link to open the edit screen.
Click on the Email link to send a mail message.
Click on the PayPal Txn link to view the details of the PayPal transaction (read only)


Overview
This is an autonomous tape stacking robot that was designed and developed as part of the University of Toronto Engineering Science Undergraduate AER201 Design course. I was part of a team of 3 who developed the robot.
Skills
- PIC Microcontroller
- Assembly Language
- DC Motor, Solenoid & IR Sensor Circuitry
- Basic Machining
Key Learnings
Buy premade circuitry: Our team spent a large amount of time debugging and tweaking our homemade circuits that dealt with sensors input (IR ranger and shaft encoder) and controlling our actuators (DC motors, solenoids and servos). Many of these circuits can be purchased as pre-made PCBs and we found out later that they are often cheaper than buying the components yourself! Although it was a good learning experience to manually build these circuits I will default to buying the pre-made PCBs in the future.
Minimize the number of moving parts: Our design involved 1 DC motor for locomotion, 2 DC motors for the lift, 1 servo for the arm and a solenoid on the arm. Each moving part added considerable time and complexity to the project. In hindsight I would have traded the additonal functionality offered by more actuators for improved


The big picture for us is a seamless transportation experience for Africans powered by innovation, technology, and eco-friendly infrastructure.
We are delivering a transformational experience to drivers and commuters via a powerful platform that is driving sustainable growth and development across Africa.
Learn more >Trips
Operation cities
Champions
Then you’re in the right place. At max, we pride ourselves on our vision to empower transport operators across Africa to grow financially, get connected to profitable services, make more money, and be safe on the job.
Learn about our Drivers Services Platform >We are leading EV transformation in Africa as the first company to design and customize electric vehicles and drive adoption at scale for public transportation.
Our EV initiative will lead Africa on a transition to eco-friendly mobility fueled by clean energy and still serve the purpose of extending access to cost-effective and safe transportation for everyone.
Learn More >


Features
Learn about what Synergyy has to offer. Scroll down to the commands list to see how to use these features!
Synergyy is an open source, easy to use project management Discord bot built for students. With features such as Meeting Creation and Reminders, Google Calendar Integration, To-Do Lists, Polls, and more, Synergyy allows students to easily collaborate with others on Discord! The bot was built using Discords Python API (discord.py).
Create Team Meetings
Easily set up team meetings, be reminded about them before they start, and easily add your meetings to your google calendar!
Create Polls
Want to vote on the best way to approach your project? Set up a dynamic poll with ease!
Commands
Check out the cards below to see the full list of commands that Synergyy offers!
In Discord, this list can be called using !help.
!meeting
Creates a new meeting.
• !meeting "Physics Project" in 2 hours
• !meeting "Team Call" on September 1 at 11:00 AM
Use !list to see your meetings and use !delete to delete them.
!addtodo and !todo
Creates a todo list and check off items once complete.
• !addtodo "Finish English Powerpoint"
The !todo command will open your todo list and allow you to manage the items.
!poll
Creates a dynamic poll.
• !poll "Title" options (time limit in minutes)
• !poll "Favorite Food?" Taco, Pizza, Sushi 2
!timenow
Lists the current times across the globe.
This includes every major timezone, which makes it easier to coordinate meetings with international students.
!clear
Clears a certain number of messages from the Discord channel.
• !clear 50
If no number is given, the default is 10 messages.
FAQ
Read below for info regarding frequently asked questions!
Add Synergyy to Discord
Adding Synergyy to your Discord Server is simple! Click the button below, log in with Discord, and select the server that you'd like to add Synergyy to!
InviteLearn to use Synergyy
In Discord, you can use !help to show the list of commands Synergyy offers. You can also scroll to the commands list on this site using the button below.
CommandsSupport Synergyy
You can help us grow by voting for us on top.gg using the button below! Its free, only takes a few seconds, and helps Synergyy reach a wider audience.
VoteView Source Code
Synergyy is an open source bot made using Discord's Python API (discord.py). You can check out our github repository using the button below!
GithubServers
Users
Developers
Reviews
See what users have to say about Synergyy!
@Vf_alex_
Very helpful bot for managing tasks for group work! Makes online group work much easier to coordinate!
@TJ_Troy_817
the google calendar integration is very helpful for me, because I like to keep all my events in one place and the reminders are also useful to get all my group members online
@Younite
Very good project management bot! It helped my group keep track of meetings and tasks. The individual reminders are also very nice to have.
@tailknar369
My university announced that all courses were going to be online this term and I was worried about group projects. However with the Synergyy bot, I can easily plan meetings for our projects and even get them on my google calendar.
@_looppolymer5
Good pm bot overall, however I would like a tasks feature where I can assign work to people
Contact Us
synergyybot@gmail.com


{% load static %}
Now Playing
Title
Artist
Album
Votes for Skip
0
/ {{ skip_threshold }}
Votes for Re-add
0
/ {{ readd_threshold }}
How to access Jukebox
Scan following QR code:
Or, use following URL
http://{{ address }}
Warning
Connection to server has been lost.


ASCollectionView(Deprecated) Category Reference
| Declared in | ASCollectionView.h |
|---|
– initWithCollectionViewLayout:
Initializes an ASCollectionView
- (instancetype)initWithCollectionViewLayout:(UICollectionViewLayout *)layout
Parameters
layout |
The layout object to use for organizing items. The collection view stores a strong reference to the specified object. Must not be nil. |
|---|
Discussion
Initializes and returns a newly allocated collection view object with the specified layout.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– initWithFrame:collectionViewLayout:
Initializes an ASCollectionView
- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame collectionViewLayout:(UICollectionViewLayout *)layout
Parameters
frame |
The frame rectangle for the collection view, measured in points. The origin of the frame is relative to the superview in which you plan to add it. This frame is passed to the superclass during initialization. |
|---|---|
layout |
The layout object to use for organizing items. The collection view stores a strong reference to the specified object. Must not be nil. |
Discussion
Initializes and returns a newly allocated collection view object with the specified frame and layout.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– tuningParametersForRangeType:
Tuning parameters for a range type in full mode.
- (ASRangeTuningParameters)tuningParametersForRangeType:(ASLayoutRangeType)rangeType
Parameters
rangeType |
The range type to get the tuning parameters for. |
|---|
Return Value
A tuning parameter value for the given range type in full mode.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– setTuningParameters:forRangeType:
Set the tuning parameters for a range type in full mode.
- (void)setTuningParameters:(ASRangeTuningParameters)tuningParameters forRangeType:(ASLayoutRangeType)rangeType
Parameters
tuningParameters |
The tuning parameters to store for a range type. |
|---|---|
rangeType |
The range type to set the tuning parameters for. |
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– tuningParametersForRangeMode:rangeType:
Tuning parameters for a range type in the specified mode.
- (ASRangeTuningParameters)tuningParametersForRangeMode:(ASLayoutRangeMode)rangeMode rangeType:(ASLayoutRangeType)rangeType
Parameters
rangeMode |
The range mode to get the running parameters for. |
|---|---|
rangeType |
The range type to get the tuning parameters for. |
Return Value
A tuning parameter value for the given range type in the given mode.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– setTuningParameters:forRangeMode:rangeType:
Set the tuning parameters for a range type in the specified mode.
- (void)setTuningParameters:(ASRangeTuningParameters)tuningParameters forRangeMode:(ASLayoutRangeMode)rangeMode rangeType:(ASLayoutRangeType)rangeType
Parameters
tuningParameters |
The tuning parameters to store for a range type. |
|---|---|
rangeMode |
The range mode to set the running parameters for. |
rangeType |
The range type to set the tuning parameters for. |
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– performBatchAnimated:updates:completion:
Perform a batch of updates asynchronously, optionally disabling all animations in the batch. This method must be called from the main thread. The asyncDataSource must be updated to reflect the changes before the update block completes.
- (void)performBatchAnimated:(BOOL)animated updates:(nullable __attribute ( ( noescape ) ) void ( ^ ) ( ))updates completion:(nullable void ( ^ ) ( BOOL finished ))completion
Parameters
animated |
NO to disable animations for this batch |
|---|---|
updates |
The block that performs the relevant insert, delete, reload, or move operations. |
completion |
A completion handler block to execute when all of the operations are finished. This block takes a single Boolean parameter that contains the value YES if all of the related animations completed successfully or NO if they were interrupted. This parameter may be nil. If supplied, the block is run on the main thread. |
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– performBatchUpdates:completion:
Perform a batch of updates asynchronously. This method must be called from the main thread. The asyncDataSource must be updated to reflect the changes before update block completes.
- (void)performBatchUpdates:(nullable __attribute ( ( noescape ) ) void ( ^ ) ( ))updates completion:(nullable void ( ^ ) ( BOOL finished ))completion
Parameters
updates |
The block that performs the relevant insert, delete, reload, or move operations. |
|---|---|
completion |
A completion handler block to execute when all of the operations are finished. This block takes a single Boolean parameter that contains the value YES if all of the related animations completed successfully or NO if they were interrupted. This parameter may be nil. If supplied, the block is run on the main thread. |
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– reloadDataWithCompletion:
Reload everything from scratch, destroying the working range and all cached nodes.
- (void)reloadDataWithCompletion:(nullable void ( ^ ) ( ))completion
Parameters
completion |
block to run on completion of asynchronous loading or nil. If supplied, the block is run on the main thread. |
|---|
Discussion
Warning: This method is substantially more expensive than UICollectionView’s version.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– reloadData
Reload everything from scratch, destroying the working range and all cached nodes.
- (void)reloadData
Discussion
Warning: This method is substantially more expensive than UICollectionView’s version.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– reloadDataImmediately
Reload everything from scratch entirely on the main thread, destroying the working range and all cached nodes.
- (void)reloadDataImmediately
Discussion
Warning: This method is substantially more expensive than UICollectionView’s version and will block the main thread while all the cells load.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– relayoutItems
Triggers a relayout of all nodes.
- (void)relayoutItems
Discussion
This method invalidates and lays out every cell node in the collection.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– waitUntilAllUpdatesAreCommitted
Blocks execution of the main thread until all section and row updates are committed. This method must be called from the main thread.
- (void)waitUntilAllUpdatesAreCommitted
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– registerSupplementaryNodeOfKind:
Registers the given kind of supplementary node for use in creating node-backed supplementary views.
- (void)registerSupplementaryNodeOfKind:(NSString *)elementKind
Parameters
elementKind |
The kind of supplementary node that will be requested through the data source. |
|---|
Discussion
Use this method to register support for the use of supplementary nodes in place of the default
registerClass:forSupplementaryViewOfKind:withReuseIdentifier:
and registerNib:forSupplementaryViewOfKind:withReuseIdentifier:
methods. This method will register an internal backing view that will host the contents of the supplementary nodes
returned from the data source.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– insertSections:
Inserts one or more sections.
- (void)insertSections:(NSIndexSet *)sections
Parameters
sections |
An index set that specifies the sections to insert. |
|---|
Discussion
This method must be called from the main thread. The asyncDataSource must be updated to reflect the changes before this method is called.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– deleteSections:
Deletes one or more sections.
- (void)deleteSections:(NSIndexSet *)sections
Parameters
sections |
An index set that specifies the sections to delete. |
|---|
Discussion
This method must be called from the main thread. The asyncDataSource must be updated to reflect the changes before this method is called.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– reloadSections:
Reloads the specified sections.
- (void)reloadSections:(NSIndexSet *)sections
Parameters
sections |
An index set that specifies the sections to reload. |
|---|
Discussion
This method must be called from the main thread. The asyncDataSource must be updated to reflect the changes before this method is called.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– moveSection:toSection:
Moves a section to a new location.
- (void)moveSection:(NSInteger)section toSection:(NSInteger)newSection
Parameters
section |
The index of the section to move. |
|---|---|
newSection |
The index that is the destination of the move for the section. |
Discussion
This method must be called from the main thread. The asyncDataSource must be updated to reflect the changes before this method is called.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– insertItemsAtIndexPaths:
Inserts items at the locations identified by an array of index paths.
- (void)insertItemsAtIndexPaths:(NSArray<NSIndexPath*> *)indexPaths
Parameters
indexPaths |
An array of NSIndexPath objects, each representing an item index and section index that together identify an item. |
|---|
Discussion
This method must be called from the main thread. The asyncDataSource must be updated to reflect the changes before this method is called.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– deleteItemsAtIndexPaths:
Deletes the items specified by an array of index paths.
- (void)deleteItemsAtIndexPaths:(NSArray<NSIndexPath*> *)indexPaths
Parameters
indexPaths |
An array of NSIndexPath objects identifying the items to delete. |
|---|
Discussion
This method must be called from the main thread. The asyncDataSource must be updated to reflect the changes before this method is called.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– reloadItemsAtIndexPaths:
Reloads the specified items.
- (void)reloadItemsAtIndexPaths:(NSArray<NSIndexPath*> *)indexPaths
Parameters
indexPaths |
An array of NSIndexPath objects identifying the items to reload. |
|---|
Discussion
This method must be called from the main thread. The asyncDataSource must be updated to reflect the changes before this method is called.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– moveItemAtIndexPath:toIndexPath:
Moves the item at a specified location to a destination location.
- (void)moveItemAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath toIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)newIndexPath
Parameters
indexPath |
The index path identifying the item to move. |
|---|---|
newIndexPath |
The index path that is the destination of the move for the item. |
Discussion
This method must be called from the main thread. The asyncDataSource must be updated to reflect the changes before this method is called.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– calculatedSizeForNodeAtIndexPath:
Query the sized node at @c indexPath for its calculatedSize.
- (CGSize)calculatedSizeForNodeAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
Parameters
indexPath |
The index path for the node of interest. This method is deprecated. Call @c calculatedSize on the node of interest instead. First deprecated in version 2.0. |
|---|
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– visibleNodes
Similar to -visibleCells.
- (NSArray<__kindofASCellNode*> *)visibleNodes
Return Value
an array containing the nodes being displayed on screen.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h
– indexPathForNode:
Similar to -indexPathForCell:.
- (nullable NSIndexPath *)indexPathForNode:(ASCellNode *)cellNode
Parameters
cellNode |
a cellNode in the collection view |
|---|
Return Value
The index path for this cell node.
Discussion
This index path returned by this method is in the view’s index space and should only be used with @c ASCollectionView directly. To get an index path suitable for use with your data source and @c ASCollectionNode, call @c indexPathForNode: on the collection node instead.
Declared In
ASCollectionView.h


Flames’ TJ Brodie home after collapsing at practice
CALGARY, Alberta (AP) - Calgary Flames defenseman TJ Brodie is home from the hospital after falling to the ice and convulsing at practice.
General manager Brad Treliving said Friday that Brodie was “feeling good” and neurological tests came back negative. He’ll undergo more tests.
Practice was halted Thursday when Brodie collapsed and was taken to a hospital.
TOP STORIES
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Company co-founded by Nancy Pelosi's son charged with securities fraud
“After a few minutes, TJ was alert, he was responsive,” Treliving said. “A battery of tests took place and then TJ was released. He was at home last night resting with his family.”
The 29-year-old Brodie won’t travel with the Flames for their road game Saturday against the Arizona Coyotes. There was no timetable for his return.
“There’s good news that he’s come through everything so far,” Treliving said. “He’s doing good, is on the mend. He’ll stay under the supervision of our team.”
Brodie is in his ninth season with the Flames. He has eight assists in 21 games this season.
More AP NHL: https://apnews.com/NHL and https://twitter.com/AP_Sports
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Please read our comment policy before commenting.


August 22nd, Tom's work on chapter 12 exercises #TomsProjects
E1:
#(b)
import calendar
cal = calendar.TextCalendar(firstweekday=3)
cal.pryear(2012)
#(c)
# July 13rd is my birthday
cal = calendar.TextCalendar()
cal.prmonth(2016,7)
#(d)
# it works
cal = calendar.LocaleTextCalendar(0,"GERMAN")
cal.pryear(2016)
# it works
cal = calendar.LocaleTextCalendar(0,"ITALIAN")
cal.pryear(2016)
# eccentric display
cal = calendar.LocaleTextCalendar(0,"JAPANESE")
cal.pryear(2016)
#(f) calendar.isleap (a year as integer) returns a boolean
E2:
import math
help(math)
#(a)
#44
#(b)
# math.ceil(x)
''' Return the ceiling of x as an Integral
This is the smallest integer >= x.'''
# math.floor(x)
'''Return the floor of x as an Integral
This is the largest integer <=x '''
#(c) By using Newton's algorithm
'''def sqrt(n):
approx = n/2.0
while True:
better = (approx + n/approx)/2.0
if abs(approx - better) < 0.001:
return better
approx = better'''
#(d)
math.pi
math.e
E3:
import copy
# the following example comes from http://greybeard.iteye.com/blog/1442259
a = [1, 2, 3, 4, ['a', 'b']]
b = a
c = copy.copy(a) # shallow copy
d = copy.deepcopy(a) # deep copy
a.append(5)
a[4].append('c')
print ('a = ', a)
print ('b = ', b)
print ('c = ', c)
print ('d = ', d)
# the result should be:
'''a = [1, 2, 3, 4, ['a', 'b', 'c'], 5]
b = [1, 2, 3, 4, ['a', 'b', 'c'], 5]
c = [1, 2, 3, 4, ['a', 'b', 'c']]
d = [1, 2, 3, 4, ['a', 'b']]'''
# In exercise 4, though I am not sure.
# Using "that = copy.deepcopy(this)" rather than "that = this" will return a false in "this is that".
E4 & E5 & E6:
mymodule1.py:
def myage():
return 16
def year():
return 2016
print("My name is", __name__)
if __name__ == "__main__":
print("This won't run if I'm imported.")
mymodule2.py:
def myage():
return 0
def year():
return 2000
print("My name is", __name__)
namespace_test.py
# copy modules to python lib prior to importing modules
import mymodule1
import mymodule2
# !!!Error will occur in following triple-quoted code because of missing parentheses!!!
'''print( (mymodule2.myage - mymodule1.myage) ==
(mymodule2.year - mymodule1.year) )
'''
# correct version
print((mymodule2.myage() - mymodule1.myage()) ==
(mymodule2.year() - mymodule1.year()))
# return True since my birthday is on July 13th.
E7:
def myreplace(old, new, s):
""" Replace all occurrences of old with new in s. """
return new.join(s.split(old))
E8:
import string
from unit_tester import test
def cleanword(text, ifaddspace = False):
cleaned = ""
for let in text:
if let not in string.punctuation:
cleaned += let
else:
if ifaddspace == True:
cleaned += " "
return cleaned
def has_dashdash(text):
if text.find("--") > -1:
return True
else:
return False
def extract_words(text):
cleaned = cleanword(text,True)
cleaned = cleaned.lower()
return cleaned.split()
def wordcount(word,text):
count = 0
for wd in text:
if wd == word:
count += 1
return count
def wordset(text):
result = []
for i in text:
if not i in result:
result.append(i)
result.sort()
return result
def longestword(words):
tempnum = 0
for word in words:
if len(word) > tempnum:
tempnum = len(word)
return tempnum
test(cleanword("what?") == "what")
test(cleanword("'now!'") == "now")
test(cleanword("?+='w-o-r-d!,@$()'") == "word")
test(has_dashdash("distance--but"))
test(not has_dashdash("several"))
test(has_dashdash("spoke--"))
test(has_dashdash("distance--but"))
test(not has_dashdash("-yo-yo-"))
test(extract_words("Now is the time! 'Now', is the time?


Deleting a SuperUser Account
How to "soft" delete a SuperUser account from a site using the SuperUser Accounts module. Information about this deleted account can still be viewed using this module.
- Navigate to Host > Advanced Settings > SuperUser Accounts.
- Find the SuperUser to be deleted using a filter or by searching.
- Click the Delete button beside their record. This displays the message "Are You Sure You Wish To Delete This Item?"
-
Click the OK button to confirm.


Planning Sheep and Goat Fencing - Illinois Livestock Trail
Switches to isolate part of the fencing system for repairs or to reduce load under snow and weed pressure. Resources: Electric Fencing for Serious Grazers .
http://www.livestocktrail.illinois.edu/uploads/sheepnet/papers/Final%20sheep%20and%20goat%20fencing%20publication.pdf
Treatment for Herniated or Bulging Discs
Floating Electric Fence - The Kansas Rural Center, Inc.
Electric Fencing for Serious Graziers. 5. For more information about getting started with electric fencing or how to improve your existing system, contact .
http://www.kansasruralcenter.org/publications/MONRCS-ElectricFencing.pdf
grazer - definition of grazer in the Medical dictionary - by the Free ...
This is done by careful placement of an electric fence so that the grazing strip is . accrued some serious, substantial costs and then got restarted," Grazer says.
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/grazer
electric fencing for serious grazers Herniated or Bulging Discs
Energizer Installation - Kencove Farm Fence, Inc.
Battery energizers which run off internal dry cell batteries e.g. Strip grazers, can be connected directly to the . Grounding is the most important component of any electric fence system. . Lightning can cause serious damage to your energizer.
http://www.kencove.com/fence/99_Energizer+Installation_resource.php
P2538 Livestock Fencing Systems For Pasture ... - MSUcares
Electric fencing for the serious grazer. 2005. USDA. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Columbia, MO. Online: http://www.mo.nrcs.usda.gov/news/ news/ .
http://msucares.com/pubs/publications/p2538.pdf
Official Impairment Listing for Spinal Disorders
Grazing or Use Management
Other grazers do this, too, but the horse is notorious for it. . It is less severe in permanent forages or sod forage such as bermudagrass, bunchgrasses, . Stock , including horses, need to be trained to the electric fence under controlled .
http://www.noble.org/ag/pasture/horse-forage/grazing-use-management/
- oil mix ratio 40 hp evinrude (narrowing of the spine)
Midwest Grass & Forage - 5 - FENCING TO CONTROL LIVESTOCK
High-tensile wire, Electric netting, Permanent &Temporary Fencing solutions, Tools, Fence . Electric Fencing for Serious Grazers Missouri NRCS publication .
http://midwestgrass.com/5_-_fencing_to_control_livestockGRAZING - Invasive.org
Because they needed fenced pastures only while the grazers were using the land, they initially set up electric fences, which are cheaper and easier to install and .
http://www.invasive.org/gist/products/handbook/04.Grazing.doc
Electric Fencing - JVA Australia - Agricultural
JVA provides electric fencing products (eg. energisers, monitors and fault finders) to agricultural and security . SV2 - Portable Solar Powered Strip Grazer .
http://www.jva-fence.com.au/ag.php
Kimberly A. Pollard - Natural Reserve System
Mar 3, 2010 . Excessive loading of fine sediment is one of the most serious impacts of . Grazers were reduced by electric fence chargers surrounding .
http://nrs.ucop.edu/grants/mathias_symposium/abstracts4_08.htm
Medical-Vocational Allowance for Herniated Disc
Publications | Missouri NRCS
Jun 13, 2012 . Drainage Water Management: Tile Systems with Dual Functions Click to e-mail an order. PDF Version. Electric Fencing For Serious Graziers .
http://www.mo.nrcs.usda.gov/news/Missouri_Publications.html
ELECTRIC FENCE ASSOCIATION CODE OF PRACTICE for the ...
Electric fencing is not a new concept, indeed, it has been used as an aid to animal containment and . Portable energisers [strip grazers] may be clipped directly on to the fence wire. . The copper conductor will also cause serious corrosion .
http://efa.fences.org/cop/word-cop/COP+1.pdf
Appealing a Denial of Benefits
Managed intensive rotational grazing - Wikipedia, the free ...
Electric fencing for serious grazers. USDA-NRCS. ^ Watering systems for grazing livestock. Great Lakes Basin Grazing Network and Michigan State University .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Managed_intensive_rotational_grazing
grazing the eco friendly way
Our miniature cattle are non selective grazers and will thrive in harsh conditions. . The electric fence you can almost see, to the left, makes this easy to manage.
http://www.miniaturecattle.com.au/secret-cow-business/enviro-friendly.html


Rock, Paper, Scissor!!
Game Rules!!
You
0
Computer
0
Reset Score
Rock crushes the scissor.
Paper covers the rock.
Scissor cuts the paper.
Select one, Play against the Computer!


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Use the appworks cli to build and package your appworks apps.
Make sure you have nodejs installed and enter the following into your terminal:
This will install the appworks command line tool, with cordova and ionic as dependencies. With this, you may create, modify, and package your apps.
Run the following to see all of the available options:
Appworks JS is automatically injected into every appworks apps before being deployed to the iOS or android client. You do not need to worry about including the library yourself.
However, you must add an include tag for cordova.js
and appworks.min.js
in the head
section of your index.html to get access to the
features of appworksJS. Note that they will be a 404 during development using a mobile browser or the iOS/android emulators. Emulation
is meant to provide a stripped down version of the library for basic testing.
If you are starting from a template (see Getting Started), you don't have to do anything; these include tags are already present.
Feel free to bypass this and add in the library yourself.
Install via bower with the following command:
Example index.html:


Lagi Advance kasi ako mag-isip
- Advance
- Ako
- Magisip
- Meme
Title
Tag/s seperated by a (,)
Set your meme to public or private
Share to whom? Seperate each name by a (,)
EDIT
TITLE
ADD
Tags
Users
DELETE
Tags
Users
LOGIN
Password
Sign Up Now to Become a Member!
Username
Password
Buttman
The Dark Knight of the Dankest Night
Public
Private


Hello
This is a page for simpleSlider script. To see the demos, see the section below or go to the Github page to see more details.
The newest version: 1.9.0
Github Page View APIDemos
A few demos presenting script in the action.
Default Autoplay SlidesPerView OnChange Loop


The Adwaita Icon Theme package contains an icon theme for Gtk+ 3 applications.
This package is known to build and work properly using an LFS-7.8 platform.
Download (HTTP): http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/adwaita-icon-theme/3.16/adwaita-icon-theme-<IP_ADDRESS>.tar.xz
Download (FTP): ftp://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/adwaita-icon-theme/3.16/adwaita-icon-theme-<IP_ADDRESS>.tar.xz
Download MD5 sum: 9ef86952c947aa27a1a888b7735d60b3
Download size: 18 MB
Estimated disk space required: 140 MB
Estimated build time: 1.1 SBU
GTK+-2.24.28 or GTK+-3.16.6 with librsvg-2.40.10 or both
git-2.5.0, Inkscape-0.91 and Icon Tools
User Notes: http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/wiki/adwaita-icon-theme
Install Adwaita Icon Theme by running the following commands:
./configure --prefix=/usr && make
This package does not come with a test suite.
Now, as the root
user:
make install
Last updated on 2015-09-10 20:43:58 -0700


This is a demonstration of integrating your PHP server-based code with
RGraph. As demonstrated here you can use the json_encode()
PHP
function to convert your PHP arrays or objects into a string that you
can print along with the rest of your page. You can then use the resulting
JavaScript data structure to pass the information to RGraph.
[{"value":6,"label":"Jan","labelsAbove":""},{"value":3,"label":"Feb","labelsAbove":""},{"value":8,"label":"Mar","labelsAbove":""},{"value":9,"label":"Apr","labelsAbove":"Highest"},{"value":4,"label":"May","labelsAbove":""},{"value":5,"label":"Jun","labelsAbove":""},{"value":6,"label":"Jul","labelsAbove":""},{"value":4,"label":"Aug","labelsAbove":""},{"value":3,"label":"Sep","labelsAbove":""},{"value":1,"label":"Oct","labelsAbove":"Lowest"},{"value":5,"label":"Nov","labelsAbove":""},{"value":6,"label":"Dec","labelsAbove":""}]This goes in the documents header:
 Put this where you want the chart to show up:

This is the code that generates the chart - it should be placed AFTER the

tag:


Style Guide¶
The following sections explain a few aspects of idiomatic Julia coding style. None of these rules are absolute; they are only suggestions to help familiarize you with the language and to help you choose among alternative designs.
Write functions, not just scripts¶
Writing code as a series of steps at the top level is a quick way to get started solving a problem, but you should try to divide a program into functions as soon as possible. Functions are more reusable and testable, and clarify what steps are being done and what their inputs and outputs are. Furthermore, code inside functions tends to run much faster than top level code, due to how Julia’s compiler works.
It is also worth emphasizing that functions should take arguments, instead
of operating directly on global variables (aside from constants like pi
).
Avoid writing overly-specific types¶
Code should be as generic as possible. Instead of writing:
convert(Complex{Float64}, x)
it’s better to use available generic functions:
complex(float(x))
The second version will convert x
to an appropriate type, instead of
always the same type.
This style point is especially relevant to function arguments. For
example, don’t declare an argument to be of type Int
or Int32
if it really could be any integer, expressed with the abstract type
Integer
. In fact, in many cases you can omit the argument type
altogether, unless it is needed to disambiguate from other method
definitions, since a MethodError
will be thrown anyway if a type
is passed that does not support any of the requisite operations.
(This is known as duck typing.)
For example, consider the following definitions of a function
addone
that returns one plus its argument:
addone(x::Int) = x + 1 # works only for Int
addone(x::Integer) = x + one(x) # any integer type
addone(x::Number) = x + one(x) # any numeric type
addone(x) = x + one(x) # any type supporting + and one
The last definition of addone
handles any type supporting
one()
(which returns 1 in the same type as x
, which
avoids unwanted type promotion) and the +
function with those
arguments. The key thing to realize is that there is no performance
penalty to defining only the general addone(x) = x + one(x)
,
because Julia will automatically compile specialized versions as
needed. For example, the first time you call addone(12)
, Julia
will automatically compile a specialized addone
function for
x::Int
arguments, with the call to one()
replaced by its inlined
value 1
. Therefore, the first three definitions of addone
above are completely redundant.
Handle excess argument diversity in the caller¶
Instead of:
function foo(x, y)
x = Int(x); y = Int(y)
...
end
foo(x, y)
use:
function foo(x::Int, y::Int)
...
end
foo(Int(x), Int(y))
This is better style because foo
does not really accept numbers of all
types; it really needs Int
s.
One issue here is that if a function inherently requires integers, it might be better to force the caller to decide how non-integers should be converted (e.g. floor or ceiling). Another issue is that declaring more specific types leaves more “space” for future method definitions.
Append !
to names of functions that modify their arguments¶
Instead of:
function double{T<:Number}(a::AbstractArray{T})
for i = 1:endof(a); a[i] *= 2; end
a
end
use:
function double!{T<:Number}(a::AbstractArray{T})
for i = 1:endof(a); a[i] *= 2; end
a
end
The Julia standard library uses this convention throughout and
contains examples of functions with both copying and modifying forms
(e.g., sort()
and sort!()
), and others which are just modifying
(e.g., push!()
, pop!()
, splice!()
). It is typical for
such functions to also return the modified array for convenience.
Avoid strange type Unions¶
Types such as Union{Function,AbstractString}
are often a sign that some design
could be cleaner.
Avoid type Unions in fields¶
When creating a type such as:
type MyType
...
x::Union{Void,T}
end
ask whether the option for x
to be nothing
(of type Void
)
is really necessary. Here are some alternatives to consider:
- Find a safe default value to initialize
x
with - Introduce another type that lacks
x
- If there are many fields like
x
, store them in a dictionary - Determine whether there is a simple rule for when
x
isnothing
. For example, often the field will start asnothing
but get initialized at some well-defined point. In that case, consider leaving it undefined at first. - If
x
really needs to hold no value at some times, define it as::Nullable{T}
instead, as this guarantees type-stability in the code accessing this field (see Nullable types)
Avoid elaborate container types¶
It is usually not much help to construct arrays like the following:
a = Array{Union{Int,AbstractString,Tuple,Array}}(n)
In this case Array{Any}(n)
is better. It is also more helpful to the compiler
to annotate specific uses (e.g. a[i]::Int
) than to try to pack many
alternatives into one type.
Use naming conventions consistent with Julia’s base/
¶
- modules and type names use capitalization and camel case:
module SparseArrays
,immutable UnitRange
. - functions are lowercase (
maximum()
,convert()
) and, when readable, with multiple words squashed together (isequal()
,haskey()
). When necessary, use underscores as word separators. Underscores are also used to indicate a combination of concepts (remotecall_fetch()
as a more efficient implementation offetch(remotecall(...))
) or as modifiers (sum_kbn()
). - conciseness is valued, but avoid abbreviation
(
indexin()
rather thanindxin()
) as it becomes difficult to remember whether and how particular words are abbreviated.
If a function name requires multiple words, consider whether it might represent more than one concept and might be better split into pieces.
Don’t overuse try-catch¶
It is better to avoid errors than to rely on catching them.
Don’t parenthesize conditions¶
Julia doesn’t require parens around conditions in if
and while
.
Write:
if a == b
instead of:
if (a == b)
Don’t overuse ...¶
Splicing function arguments can be addictive. Instead of [a..., b...]
,
use simply [a; b]
, which already concatenates arrays.
collect(a)
is better than [a...]
, but since a
is already iterable
it is often even better to leave it alone, and not convert it to an array.
Don’t use unnecessary static parameters¶
A function signature:
foo{T<:Real}(x::T) = ...
should be written as:
foo(x::Real) = ...
instead, especially if T
is not used in the function body.
Even if T
is used, it can be replaced with typeof(x)
if convenient.
There is no performance difference.
Note that this is not a general caution against static parameters, just
against uses where they are not needed.
Note also that container types, specifically may need type parameters in function calls. See the FAQ Avoid fields with abstract containers for more information.
Avoid confusion about whether something is an instance or a type¶
Sets of definitions like the following are confusing:
foo(::Type{MyType}) = ...
foo(::MyType) = foo(MyType)
Decide whether the concept in question will be written as MyType
or
MyType()
, and stick to it.
The preferred style is to use instances by default, and only add
methods involving Type{MyType}
later if they become necessary
to solve some problem.
If a type is effectively an enumeration, it should be defined as a single
(ideally immutable
) type, with the enumeration values being instances
of it. Constructors and conversions can check whether values are valid.
This design is preferred over making the enumeration an abstract type,
with the “values” as subtypes.
Don’t overuse macros¶
Be aware of when a macro could really be a function instead.
Calling eval()
inside a macro is a particularly dangerous warning sign;
it means the macro will only work when called at the top level. If such
a macro is written as a function instead, it will naturally have access
to the run-time values it needs.
Don’t expose unsafe operations at the interface level¶
If you have a type that uses a native pointer:
type NativeType
p::Ptr{UInt8}
...
end
don’t write definitions like the following:
getindex(x::NativeType, i) = unsafe_load(x.p, i)
The problem is that users of this type can write x[i]
without realizing
that the operation is unsafe, and then be susceptible to memory bugs.
Such a function should either check the operation to ensure it is safe, or
have unsafe
somewhere in its name to alert callers.
Don’t overload methods of base container types¶
It is possible to write definitions like the following:
show(io::IO, v::Vector{MyType}) = ...
This would provide custom showing of vectors with a specific new element type.
While tempting, this should be avoided. The trouble is that users will expect
a well-known type like Vector()
to behave in a certain way, and overly
customizing its behavior can make it harder to work with.
Be careful with type equality¶
You generally want to use isa()
and <:
(issubtype()
) for testing types,
not ==
. Checking types for exact equality typically only makes sense
when comparing to a known concrete type (e.g. T == Float64
), or if you
really, really know what you’re doing.
Do not write x->f(x)
¶
Since higher-order functions are often called with anonymous functions, it
is easy to conclude that this is desirable or even necessary.
But any function can be passed directly, without being “wrapped” in an
anonymous function. Instead of writing map(x->f(x), a)
, write
map(f, a)
.
Avoid using floats for numeric literals in generic code when possible¶
If you write generic code which handles numbers, and which can be expected to run with many different numeric type arguments, try using literals of a numeric type that will affect the arguments as little as possible through promotion.
For example,
julia> f(x) = 2.0 * x
f (generic function with 1 method)
julia> f(1//2)
1.0
julia> f(1/2)
1.0
julia> f(1)
2.0
while
julia> g(x) = 2 * x
g (generic function with 1 method)
julia> g(1//2)
1//1
julia> g(1/2)
1.0
julia> g(2)
4
As you can see, the second version, where we used an Int
literal, preserved
the type of the input argument, while the first didn’t. This is because e.g.
promote_type(Int, Float64) == Float64
, and promotion happens with the
multiplication. Similarly, Rational
literals are less type disruptive than
Float64
literals, but more disruptive than Int
s:
julia> h(x) = 2//1 * x
h (generic function with 1 method)
julia> h(1//2)
1//1
julia> h(1/2)
1.0
julia> h(1)
2//1
Thus, use Int
literals when possible, with Rational{Int}
for literal
non-integer numbers, in order to make it easier to use your code.


FAST PAIN RELIEF
Goody’s®
EXTRA STRENGTH
HEADACHE POWDERS
ACETAMINOPHEN • ASPIRIN (NSAID) / CAFFEINE
PAIN RELIEVER / PAIN RELIEVER AID
24 ENVELOPES CONTAINING 6 POWDERS EACH
Drug Facts
Active ingredients
(in each powder):
Acetaminophen 260 mg
Aspirin (NSAID*) 520 mg
Caffeine 32.5 mg
*nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
Purposes
Pain reliever/fever reducer
Pain reliever/fever reducer
Pain reliever aid
Uses
• temporarily relieves minor aches and pains due to:
• headache • minor arthritis pain |
• muscle aches • colds |
• temporarily reduces fever
Warnings:
Reye’s syndrome: Children and teenagers who have or are recovering from chicken pox or flu-like symptoms should not use this product. When using this product, if changes in behavior with nausea and vomiting occur, consult a doctor because these symptoms could be an early sign of Reye’s syndrome, a rare but serious illness.
Allergy Alert: Aspirin may cause severe allergic reaction which may include:
• hives • facial swelling • shock • asthma (wheezing).
Liver warning: This product contains acetaminophen. Severe liver damage may occur if you take
- more than 4 powders in 24 hours, which is the maximum daily amount
- with other drugs containing acetaminophen
- 3 or more alcoholic drinks every day while using this product
Stomach bleeding warning: This product contains a NSAID, which may cause severe stomach
bleeding. The chance is higher if you
- are age 60 or older
- have had stomach ulcers or bleeding problems
- take a blood thinning (anticoagulant) or steroid drug
- take other drugs containing prescription or non-prescription NSAIDs (aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, or others)
- have 3 or more alcoholic drinks every day while using this product
- take more or for a longer time than directed.
Do not use
- if you have ever had an allergic reaction to aspirin or any other pain reliever/fever reducer
- with any other drug containing acetaminophen (prescription or nonprescription). If you are not sure whether a drug contains acetaminophen, ask a doctor or pharmacist.
Ask a doctor before use if
- you have liver disease
- stomach bleeding warning applies to you
- you have a history of stomach problems, such as heartburn
- you have high blood pressure, heart disease, liver cirrhosis, or kidney disease
- you are taking a diuretic
- you have asthma
Ask a doctor or pharmacist before use if you are
taking a prescription drug for diabetes, gout, or arthritis
When using this product
limit the use of caffeine-containing drugs, food, or drinks because too much caffeine may cause nervousness, irritability, sleeplessness, and, occasionally, rapid heart beat. The recommended dose of this product contains about as much caffeine as a cup of coffee.
Stop use and ask a doctor if
- an allergic reaction occurs. Seek medical help right away.
- you experience any of the following sights of stomach bleeding:
• feel faint
• vomit blood
• have bloody or black stools
• have stomach pain that does not get better
- pain gets worse or lasts more than 10 days
- fever gets worse or lasts more than 3 days
- redness or swelling is present
- any new symptoms appear
- ringing in the ears or a loss of hearing occurs
These could be signs of a serious condition.
If pregnant or breast-feeding,
ask a health professional before use. It is especially important not to use aspirin during the last 3 months of pregnancy unless definitely directed to do so by a doctor because it may cause problems in the unborn child or complications during delivery.
Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose warning:
Taking more than the recommended dose can cause serious health problems. In case of overdose, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center (1-800-222-1222) right away. Quick medical attention is critical for adults as well as for children even if you do not notice any signs or symptoms.
Directions:
- do not take more than directed (see overdose warning)
- adults and children 12 years and over: place 1 powder on tongue every 6 hours, while symptoms persist. Drink a full glass of water with each dose, or stir powder into a glass of water or other liquid.
- do not take more than 4 powders in 24 hours unless directed by a doctor.
- children under 12 years of age: ask a doctor.
Other information
- each powder contains: potassium 60 mg
- store below 25°C (77°F)
Inactive ingredients
lactose monohydrate, potassium chloride
Questions or comments?
1-866-255-5197 (English/Spanish) weekdays
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
FAST PAIN RELIEF
Goody’s®
EXTRA STRENGTH
HEADACHE POWDERS
ACETAMINOPHEN • ASPIRIN (NSAID) / CAFFEINE
PAIN RELIEVER / PAIN RELIEVER AID
24 ENVELOPES CONTAINING 6 POWDERS EACH
PAIN RELIEF
Goody’s®
EXTRA STRENGTH
HEADACHE POWDERS
ACETAMINOPHEN • ASPIRIN (NSAID) / CAFFEINE
PAIN RELIEVER / PAIN RELIEVER AID
24 ENVELOPES CONTAINING 6 POWDERS EACH
" src="http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/image.cfm?setid=16d774cc-4247-4bf8-9b5a-c338ffebda3d&name=goodys-extra-strength-headache-powders-01.jpg">
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
FAST PAIN RELIEF
Goody’s®
EXTRA STRENGTH
HEADACHE POWDERS
ACETAMINOPHEN • ASPIRIN (NSAID) / CAFFEINE
PAIN RELIEVER / PAIN RELIEVER AID
18 Powders
PAIN RELIEF
Goody’s®
EXTRA STRENGTH
HEADACHE POWDERS
ACETAMINOPHEN • ASPIRIN (NSAID) / CAFFEINE
PAIN RELIEVER / PAIN RELIEVER AID
18 Powders
" src="http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/image.cfm?setid=16d774cc-4247-4bf8-9b5a-c338ffebda3d&name=goodys-extra-strength-headache-powders-02.jpg">
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
FAST PAIN RELIEF
Goody’s®
EXTRA STRENGTH
HEADACHE POWDERS
ACETAMINOPHEN • ASPIRIN (NSAID) / CAFFEINE
PAIN RELIEVER / PAIN RELIEVER AID
24 Powders
PAIN RELIEF
Goody’s®
EXTRA STRENGTH
HEADACHE POWDERS
ACETAMINOPHEN • ASPIRIN (NSAID) / CAFFEINE
PAIN RELIEVER / PAIN RELIEVER AID
24 Powders
" src="http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/image.cfm?setid=16d774cc-4247-4bf8-9b5a-c338ffebda3d&name=goodys-extra-strength-headache-powders-03.jpg">
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
FAST PAIN RELIEF
Goody’s®
EXTRA STRENGTH
HEADACHE POWDERS
ACETAMINOPHEN • ASPIRIN (NSAID) / CAFFEINE
PAIN RELIEVER / PAIN RELIEVER AID
50 Powders
PAIN RELIEF
Goody’s®
EXTRA STRENGTH
HEADACHE POWDERS
ACETAMINOPHEN • ASPIRIN (NSAID) / CAFFEINE
PAIN RELIEVER / PAIN RELIEVER AID
50 Powders
" src="http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/image.cfm?setid=16d774cc-4247-4bf8-9b5a-c338ffebda3d&name=goodys-extra-strength-headache-powders-04.jpg">
Medtech Products Inc.