1. Ovary chamber 1
2. Hypanthium present
3. Sepals fused into conical cap that falls away as flower opens, 0 in open flower; petals 4 — funnel-shaped receptacle readily misinterpreted as a hypanthium ..... PAPAVERACEAE (Eschscholzia)
3' Sepals present in open flower; petals (2)5
4. Flowers ± radial; petals generally 5, oblanceolate to ± round, not recurved ..... ROSACEAE (2) {G10,15,21,23}
4' Flowers strongly bilateral; petals 2, narrowly awl-like, recurved — sepals obovate; fruit opening before seeds mature, becoming widely dehiscent ..... SAXIFRAGACEAE (Bensoniella)
2' Hypanthium 0
5. Inflorescence a spike or 1–many heads
6. Shrub or tree; fruit a legume ..... FABACEAE (Mimosoideae)
6' Herb; fruit a capsule, dehiscent at tip ..... RESEDACEAE (Reseda)
5' Inflorescence a cyme, raceme, panicle, or umbel, or flower solitary
7. Sepals 2–3 (fused into conical cap in Eschscholzia), early-deciduous, 0 in open flower; latex generally present [at least in roots], generally milky or colored ..... PAPAVERACEAE (Papaveroideae) {G12,15,20,24}
7' Sepals 2–5(8), persistent; milky or colored latex 0
8. Filaments fused at base into 3–5 bunches ..... HYPERICACEAE (2) {G24}
8' Filaments free to base
9. Sepals 3 or 5; placentas parietal, ovary chamber 1 (or ± 3–12 from intruded placentas); annual to shrub; plant hairy (± glabrous), not at all fleshy; capsule splitting by valves ..... CISTACEAE
9' Sepals 2–8; placentas free-central, ovary chamber 1; annual or taprooted perennial herb; plant ± glabrous, generally ± fleshy; capsule circumscissile or splitting by valves ..... MONTIACEAE {G19,24}
1' Ovary chambers 2–many
10. Leaves hollow, tubular, often holding watery fluid within ..... SARRACENIACEAE
10' Leaves with ordinary flat blades
11. Plant aquatic; leaves 1–4 dm, oblong or ovate to round, floating or rising a short distance above the water surface ..... NYMPHAEACEAE (Nuphar)
11' Plant terrestrial, sometimes in wet soil; leaves often < 1 dm
12. Flowers unisexual — ovary 3-lobed ..... EUPHORBIACEAE (Ditaxis) {G24}
12' Flowers bisexual
13. Filaments fused into tube around style; anther chamber 1 or appearing so
14. Flowers radial; stamens many; filament tube cylindric ..... MALVACEAE {G8,19,20}
14' Flowers bilateral; stamens 6–8; filament tube open on one side ..... POLYGALACEAE {G15,18,23,24}
13' Filaments free or fused at base into groups; anther chambers 2
15. Leaves opposite or whorled (distal occasionally alternate), entire
16. Petals yellow (salmon) ..... HYPERICACEAE (2) {G24}
16' Petals white to purple
17. Shrub — ovary actually 1/2 inferior but easily interpreted as superior ..... HYDRANGEACEAE (Carpenteria) {G16,21}
17' Herb ..... LYTHRACEAE {G24}
15' Leaves alternate throughout, entire to lobed
18. Hypanthium present ..... ROSACEAE (2) {G10,15,21,23}
18' Hypanthium 0
19. Petals 4–5; sepals 4–5, present in open flower, persistent in fruit; stamens 12–15 ..... NITRARIACEAE {G20}
19' Petals 6; sepals 3, early-deciduous, 0 in open flower; stamens many ..... PAPAVERACEAE (Romneya) {G12}


{% extends "tenridb-base.html" %} {% block content %}
This is an Open-Source Knowledgebase of all things Tenrikyo. You will find various translations of various speeches, texts, and other documentation related to Tenrikyo that has been compiled by our team.


EXHIBIT
The exhibit space exists for YOU.
If you or a group is dreaming of getting an idea, art work, product, or smart solutions out there - we have a space for you to get started.
We’ll work with you to set up the space so that people can view and even purchase your work.
Send us an email at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or come in and talk to us :]


Situated on the NW coat of St Vincent, this picturesque bay is a good diving spot. The remains of the old film set for "Pirates of the Caribbean" can be seen here, however what is left is reported to be rather shabby and disappointing.
Located at 13° 15'N, 61° 17'W.
Wallilabou Bay is the first port of entry on the western side of St. Vincent for yachts arriving at St. Vincent from the north, particularly from Saint Lucia and Martinique. It is also the last port on that end of the island for departing yachts.
Some yachts have reported difficulty with officials here.
The Customs office is located at the restaurant and is open between 14:00 and 16:00 daily.
Immigration is at the Police station. Opening hours are hit and miss,
Last updated March 2016.
There are an abundance of boat boys here, wanting to help with handling lines. If you do not wish for help, just be polite.
In the past, some yachts have experienced thefts when anchored off the old film dock in the north side of the bay. A safer option is close to the Wallilabou Anchorage Hotel where they have a night watchman, however be sure to lock up your boat and all hatches and remove anything of value from the deck if going ashore.
The restaurant offers water, ice, showers, internet, and garbage service; and monitors VHF 68.
Last updated March 2016.


| concat {crayon} | R Documentation |
The length of the two arguments must match, or one of them must be of length one. If the length of one argument is one, then the output's length will match the length of the other argument. See examples below.
lhs %+% rhs
lhs |
Left hand side, character vector. |
rhs |
Right hand side, character vector. |
Concatenated vectors.
"foo" %+% "bar" letters[1:10] %+% chr(1:10) letters[1:10] %+% "-" %+% chr(1:10) ## This is empty (unlike for parse) character() %+% "*"


Trust fund seitan chia, wolf lomo letterpress Bushwick before they sold out. Carles kogi fixie, squid twee Tonx readymade cred typewriter scenester locavore kale chips vegan organic. Meggings pug wolf Shoreditch typewriter skateboard. McSweeney's iPhone chillwave, food truck direct trade disrupt flannel irony tousled Cosby sweater single-origin coffee. Organic disrupt bicycle rights, tattooed messenger bag flannel craft beer fashion axe bitters. Readymade sartorial craft beer, quinoa sustainable butcher Marfa Echo Park Terry Richardson gluten-free flannel retro cred mlkshk banjo. Salvia 90's art party Blue Bottle, PBR&B cardigan 8-bit.
Meggings irony fashion axe, tattooed master cleanse Blue Bottle stumptown bitters authentic flannel freegan paleo letterpress ugh sriracha. Wolf PBR&B art party aesthetic meh cliche. Sartorial before they sold out deep v, aesthetic PBR&B craft beer post-ironic synth keytar pork belly skateboard pour-over. Tonx cray pug Etsy, gastropub ennui wolf ethnic Odd Future viral master cleanse skateboard banjo. Pitchfork scenester cornhole, whatever try-hard ethnic banjo +1 gastropub American Apparel vinyl skateboard Shoreditch seitan. Blue Bottle keffiyeh Austin Helvetica art party. Portland ethnic fixie, beard retro direct trade ugh scenester Tumblr readymade authentic plaid pickled hashtag biodiesel.
Thundercats freegan Truffaut, four loko twee Austin scenester lo-fi seitan High Life paleo quinoa cray. Schlitz butcher ethical Tumblr, pop-up DIY keytar ethnic iPhone PBR sriracha. Tonx direct trade bicycle rights gluten-free flexitarian asymmetrical. Whatever drinking vinegar PBR XOXO Bushwick gentrify. Cliche semiotics banjo retro squid Wes Anderson. Fashion axe dreamcatcher you probably haven't heard of them bicycle rights. Tote bag organic four loko ethical selfies gastropub, PBR fingerstache tattooed bicycle rights.
Ugh Portland Austin, distillery tattooed typewriter polaroid pug Banksy Neutra keffiyeh. Shoreditch mixtape wolf PBR&B, tote bag dreamcatcher literally bespoke Odd Future selfies 90's master cleanse vegan. Flannel tofu deep v next level pickled, authentic Etsy Shoreditch literally swag photo booth iPhone pug semiotics banjo. Bicycle rights butcher Blue Bottle, actually DIY semiotics Banksy banjo mixtape Austin pork belly post-ironic. American Apparel gastropub hashtag, McSweeney's master cleanse occupy High Life bitters wayfarers next level bicycle rights. Wolf chia Terry Richardson, pop-up plaid kitsch ugh. Butcher +1 Carles, swag selfies Blue Bottle viral.
Keffiyeh food truck organic letterpress leggings iPhone four loko hella pour-over occupy, Wes Anderson cray post-ironic. Neutra retro fixie gastropub +1, High Life semiotics. Vinyl distillery Etsy freegan flexitarian cliche jean shorts, Schlitz wayfarers skateboard tousled irony locavore XOXO meh. Ethnic Wes Anderson McSweeney's messenger bag, mixtape XOXO slow-carb cornhole aesthetic Marfa banjo Thundercats bitters. Raw denim banjo typewriter cray Tumblr, High Life single-origin coffee. 90's Tumblr cred, Terry Richardson occupy raw denim tofu fashion axe photo booth banh mi. Trust fund locavore Helvetica, fashion axe selvage authentic Shoreditch swag selfies stumptown +1.
Scenester chambray slow-carb, trust fund biodiesel ugh bicycle rights cornhole. Gentrify messenger bag Truffaut tousled roof party pork belly leggings, photo booth jean shorts. Austin readymade PBR plaid chambray. Squid Echo Park pour-over, wayfarers forage whatever locavore typewriter artisan deep v four loko. Locavore occupy Neutra Pitchfork McSweeney's, wayfarers fingerstache. Actually asymmetrical drinking vinegar yr brunch biodiesel. Before they sold out sustainable readymade craft beer Portland gastropub squid Austin, roof party Thundercats chambray narwhal Bushwick pug.
Literally typewriter chillwave, bicycle rights Carles flannel wayfarers. Biodiesel farm-to-table actually, locavore keffiyeh hella shabby chic pour-over try-hard Bushwick. Sriracha American Apparel Brooklyn, synth cray stumptown blog Bushwick +1 VHS hashtag. Wolf umami Carles Marfa, 90's food truck Cosby sweater. Fanny pack try-hard keytar pop-up readymade, master cleanse four loko trust fund polaroid salvia. Photo booth kitsch forage chambray, Carles scenester slow-carb lomo cardigan dreamcatcher. Swag asymmetrical leggings, biodiesel Tonx shabby chic ethnic master cleanse freegan.
Raw denim Banksy shabby chic, 8-bit salvia narwhal fashion axe. Ethical Williamsburg four loko, chia kale chips distillery Shoreditch messenger bag swag iPhone Pitchfork. Viral PBR&B single-origin coffee quinoa readymade, ethical chillwave drinking vinegar gluten-free Wes Anderson kitsch Tumblr synth actually bitters. Butcher McSweeney's forage mlkshk kogi fingerstache. Selvage scenester butcher Shoreditch, Carles beard plaid disrupt DIY. Pug readymade selvage retro, Austin salvia vinyl master cleanse flexitarian deep v bicycle rights plaid Terry Richardson mlkshk pour-over. Trust fund try-hard banh mi Brooklyn, 90's Etsy kogi YOLO salvia.


Past Flourishes
2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007
Disclaimer
The statements, opinions, and ideas conveyed in this program do not necessarily
express the position of the University of Illinois at Chicago.
If you have a disability and need an accommodation in order to participate in this
event, please call<PHONE_NUMBER> at least one week prior to the event.
{% endblock %}


FOR LOVE OF THE GAME A film review by David N. Butterworth Copyright 1999 David N. Butterworth
***1/2 (out of ****)
Billy Chapel is having a bad day. He's been told that the Detroit Tigers, for which he's had, until recently, a spectacular pitching career, will soon be sold. He's been told that, come season end, he'll probably be traded to the Giants anyway unless, of course, he opts to retire.
The forty-year-old baseball player, who holds a nineteen-year history with the Tigers, is in New York for the season finale against the Yankees when the string of bad news comes down. Standing there on the mound, "the loneliest place on earth," Billy contemplates his life through a series of flashbacks while pondering the decision to call it a day.
Every once in a while, Kevin Costner makes a baseball picture to make up for the poor decisions and lackluster performances that plague his other films. For every "Waterworld" and "Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves," there's a "Bull Durham." For every "'Postman" and "'Bodyguard" there's a "Field of Dreams." With "For Love of the Game," Costner (who plays the sanguine Billy Chapel) once again proves that if you stick him in a baseball movie, they will come and come again.
Costner is very good in this film; he clearly has a passion for America's favorite pastime. Fortunately the usually flamboyant director Sam Raimi ("A Simple Plan") shows remarkable restraint in allowing that passion to shape the story, rather than his own show-offy camerawork.
Kelly Preston, whom you might remember from "Jerry Maguire," gives Billy's "blonde of the week" a delightful balance. Preston's Jane is naïve, sensitive, forthright, and demure, afraid of committing to someone of Billy's stature while at the same time unable to resist his considerable charms. She's "never had a love story," according to her teenage daughter Heather, who's nicely played by a well-cast Jena Malone ("Stepmom"). Costner and Preston's relationship evolves naturally, from the time he first spots her with her broken-down car on the freeway, to when they fall into each other's arms at the airport. It's a familiar story but here it's played out with sophistication and real human depth.
Although "For Love of the Game" is essentially a love story with a baseball setting, such is the dramatic energy of the narrative that when Billy finds himself in the middle of pitching a perfect game, the clichés dissolve into poignancy and you find yourself caught up in the excitement. The moment when Billy throws his final pitch is palpable, and that's as much a tribute to the actor as to the writer and director.
The writing by Dana Stevens, based on Michael Shaara's novel, is always intelligent, powerful and absorbing, and Basil Poledouris provides a lovely and effective score that never once gets in the way of the principals. On the baseball diamond, the film has that poetic quality shared by all the great baseball movies--"Bang the Drum Slowly," "The Natural," "Eight Men Out" ... as well as those two previously-mentioned Costner vehicles.
Do not, however, dismiss "For Love of the Game" as "just another Kevin Costner baseball movie" because as Kevin Costner movies go, baseball or otherwise, it's one of his best.
-- David N. Butterworth<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Got beef? Visit "La Movie Boeuf" online at http://members.dca.net/dnb
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% from 'macros.html' import header %} {% block header_social %} {{ header("API documentation (for the nerds)", "Want to use our data? We have an API for you! The Illinois Sunshine API can be used to query data about Illinois candidates, committees, and committee finances going back to 1994.", request.path) }} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
Want to use our data? We have an API for you! The Illinois Sunshine API can be used to do powerful searches, get the top donors to a committee, and fetch detailed data about individual donations, expenditures and committees.
If you'd rather just download all of the data, you can do that too.
The data that powers Illinois Sunshine comes directly from the Illinois State Board of Elections and is a direct reflection of that source. Therefore, under the hood, Illinois Sunshine has data on candidates (and their candidacies), committees, receipts by committees, expenditures made by committees, investments made by committees as well as information about all of the various documents that accompany the financial disclosures.
Largely due to the way this information is reported, the data in these tables is often messy. Below is a description of the tables that house the information exposed in this API. Refer to these tables when interpreting the responses made by the endpoints below.
candidates
Information about candidates
| Field | Description | Contains null values? | Sample values |
|---|---|---|---|
id |
Unique numerical identifier for candidate created by the Illinois State Board of Elections | No |
10109 18634<PHONE_NUMBER> |
last_name |
Candidate last (family) name | No |
Oncken Ruzzier Hall, Jr Wartan McGruder |
first_name |
Candidate first (given) name | No |
Martin (Marty) John Edward J Joseph P "Joe" Dick |
address_1 |
Candidate contact address line one | Yes |
508 N Maple 5315 Fair Elms 2500 S St Louis Ave Rt 1 460 S Hampshire Ave |
address_2 |
Candidate contact address line two | Yes |
4625 Apt 506 B PO Box 1149 Ste 143 353 N Clark St, Ste 3500 |
city |
Candidate contact address city | Yes |
Cissna Park Olney Caseyville Colchester Western Springs |
state |
Candidate contact address state | Yes |
DC IL I IN Wi il ZI MI Il |
zipcode |
Candidate contact address ZIP Code | Yes |
62902-6107 62082 62512 62338 62816 |
office |
Elected office sought by candidate | Yes |
Circuit Clerk/McLean County Twp Highway Commissioner/Hanover Twp County Board Chairman/DuPage County Village Trustee/Bethalto Judge, Appellate Court/5th Dist |
district_type |
Type of district covered by office | Yes |
Vilalge (yes, actually spelled that way) Representative Municipal Trustee Township |
district |
Name of the district covered by office | Yes |
303 120 52 50 20 |
residence_county |
Candidate residence county | Yes |
Randolph Jo Davies Will Cook Shelby |
party |
Candidate political party | Yes |
Harold Washington United Tinley '97 Continued Progress Party Community |
redaction_requested |
Boolean indicating whether the candidate requested that their information be redacted | No |
true false |
date_added |
Date record was added to Illinois Sunshine | No |
committees
Information about committees
| Field | Description | Null values? | Sample values |
|---|---|---|---|
id |
Unique numerical identifier for committee created by the Illinois State Board of Elections | No |
9598 14146 2608 13238 2203 |
type |
Committee type | Yes |
Candidate Ballot Initiative Political Party Political Action Independent Expenditure |
state_committee |
Boolean indicating whether committee reports to state board of elections (deprecated?) | No |
true false |
state_id |
Unique numeric identifier used by the Illinois State Board of Elections (deprecated?) | Yes |
5555 9071 9212 497 10003 |
local_committee |
Boolean indicating whether committee reports to local authority (deprecated?) | No |
true false |
local_id |
Unique numeric identifier used by local election authority (deprecated?) | Yes |
7204 10367 9719 8558 7761 |
refer_name |
Abbreviated form of committee name | No |
97N14.Com Voss T Diaz R A Andolino L One Cent |
name |
Committee name | No |
Yes For Richland Citz For Vaughn Northbrook Village Caucus Committee Steger Community Party Citz To Elect Kathleen Longman |
address1 |
Committee address line 1 | Yes |
807 Brae Burn Ln 320 S Monroe St c/o Fred Turner 162 Elm Tree Lane 9933 N Lawler St |
address2 |
Committee address line 2 | Yes |
744 Madelyn Dr 3-b Club Centre Unit 201 7646 Moore Rd 2317 S Trumbull |
address3 |
Committee address line 3 | Yes |
5711 N Milwaukee Ave PO Box 719 Attn Mark Flood 125 S Wacker Dr, Ste 1500 129 W Joliet Hwy |
city |
Committee address city | No |
Crystal Lke Schiller Park Wapella Minier South Barrington |
state |
Committee address state | No |
NM IL KS MD WA |
zipcode |
Committee address ZIP Code | No |
46074-2303 62815 62568-9601 61273 60606-6359 |
active |
Boolean indicating whether committee is active | No |
true false |
status_date |
Date active status was recorded | No | |
creation_date |
Date committee was formed | Yes | |
creation_amount |
Funds controlled by committee when created | No |
290.63 150.25 760000 517.71 637.8 |
disp_funds_return |
Unknown (Boolean) | No |
true false |
disp_funds_political_committee |
Unknown (Boolean) | No |
true false |
disp_funds_charity |
Unknown (Boolean) | No |
true false |
disp_funds_95 |
Unknown (Boolean) | No |
true false |
disp_funds_description |
Unknown (Boolean) | No |
true false |
candidate_position |
For candidate centric committees, indicates whether the linked candidates are supported or opposed. Often seems unreliable. | Yes |
support oppose |
policy_position |
For policy centric committees, indicates whether the policy is supported or opposed. | Yes |
support oppose |
party |
Committee political party | Yes |
Non-Partisan Republican or Independent United Party United Party of Justice Better Government Party |
purpose |
Committee stated purpose | Yes |
To elect Glen R Kuhlemier Mayor of Rock Falls To get Michael C Kirchner elected to the office of County Clerk. To elect Michael Scott Jr. to the office of Alderman Support Jonathan Baum for the District 65 School Board Elect Chris Remhof to the Ogle County Board, and support area democrats. |
officers
Information about committee officers
| Field | Description | Null values? | Sample values |
|---|---|---|---|
id |
Unique numerical identifier for committee officer created by the Illinois State Board of Elections | No | |
committee_id |
Unique numerical identifier for committee (foreign key to committees table) | No | |
last_name |
Committee officer last (family) name | No | |
first_name |
Committee officer first (given) name | Yes | |
address1 |
Committee officer address line 1 | Yes | |
address2 |
Committee officer address line 2 | Yes | |
city |
Committee officer address city | Yes | |
state |
Committee officer address state | Yes | |
zipcode |
Committee officer address ZIP Code | Yes | |
title |
Committee officer title | No |
Contact/Person Asst Treasurer Asst Chairman Acting Treas Vice President |
phone |
Committee officer phone number | Yes | |
resign_date |
Date officer resigned committee post | Yes | |
redaction_requested |
Boolean indicating if committee officer requested personal information be redacted | No | |
current |
Boolean indicating if committee officer is currently serving | No |
receipts
Information about committee receipts
| Field | Description | Null values? | |
|---|---|---|---|
id |
Unique numerical identifier for receipt created by the Illinois State Board of Elections | No | |
committee_id |
Unique numerical identifier for reporting committee (foreign key to committees table) | No | |
filed_doc_id |
Unique numerical identifier for the filing that this receipt was part of | No | |
etrans_id |
Unknown | Yes | |
last_name |
Donor's last (family) or organization name (in the case where the donation was not made by an individual) | No | |
first_name |
Donor's first (given) name (blank in the case where the donation was made by an organization) | Yes | |
received_date |
Date the donation was reported as received by the committee | No | |
amount |
Dollar amount of the donation | No | |
aggregate_amount |
In the case of multiple donations by the same origanization or individual during a reporting period, the aggregate amount given. If only one donation was given, this will be 0 | Yes | |
loan_amount |
Amount of the donation loaned to the committee | Yes | |
occupation |
Donor's occupation | Yes | |
employer |
Donor's employer | Yes | |
address1 |
Donor's address line 1 | Yes | |
address2 |
Donor's address line 2 | Yes | |
city |
Donor's address city | Yes | |
state |
Donor's address state | Yes | |
zipcode |
Donor's address zipcode | Yes | |
d2_part |
Part of the D2 Report that this donation falls into. | No |
1A - Itemized individual contribution 2A - Itemized transfer in 3A - Itemized loans received 4A - Itemized "other" receipts (such as refunds, reimbursements, interest accrued, etc) 5A - Itemized in-kind contribution |
description |
Donation description | Yes | |
vendor_last_name |
Last name of individual or organization name of vendor providing a good or service or loan | Yes | |
vendor_first_name |
First name of individual vendor providing a good or service or loan | Yes | |
vendor_address1 |
Address line 1 of vendor providing a good or service or loan | Yes | |
vendor_address2 |
Address line 2 of vendor providing a good or service or loan | Yes | |
vendor_city |
Address city of vendor providing a good or service or loan | Yes | |
vendor_state |
Address state of vendor providing a good or service or loan | Yes | |
vendor_zipcode |
Address state of vendor providing a good or service or loan | Yes | |
archived |
Unknown (boolean) | No | |
country |
Donor country | Yes | |
redaction_requested |
Boolean indicating if donor requested personal information be redacted | No |
expenditures
Information about committee expenditures
| Field | Description | Null values? | |
|---|---|---|---|
id |
Unique numerical identifier for expenditure created by the Illinois State Board of Elections | No | |
committee_id |
Unique numerical identifier for reporting committee (foreign key to committees table) | No | |
filed_doc_id |
Unique numerical identifier for the filing that this expenditure was part of | No | |
etrans_id |
Unknown | Yes | |
last_name |
Last (family) or name of individual or organization listed as receiving expense | No | |
first_name |
First (given) name of individual who received expense (blank in the case where the expense was received by an organization) | Yes | |
expended_date |
Date the expense was reported as being spent by the committee | No | |
amount |
Dollar amount of the expense | No | |
aggregate_amount |
In the case of multiple expenses received by the same origanization or individual during a reporting period, the aggregate amount received. If only one expense was received, this will be 0 | Yes | |
address1 |
Expense address line 1 | Yes | |
address2 |
Expense address line 2 | Yes | |
city |
Expense address city | Yes | |
state |
Expense address state | Yes | |
zipcode |
Expense address zipcode | Yes | |
d2_part |
Part of the D2 Report that this expense falls into. | No |
6B - Itemized transfers out 7B - Itemized loans made 8B - Itemized individual expenditures 9B - Itemized independent expenditures |
purpose |
Expense purpose | Yes | |
candidate_name |
In the case of expenditures made in support of or in opposition a candidate, the name of the candidate supported or opposed. | Yes | |
office |
Office sought by candidate supported or opposed. | Yes | |
supporting |
Boolean indicating whether candidate was supported | No | |
opposed |
Boolean indicating whether candidate was opposed | No | |
archived |
Unknown (boolean) | No | |
country |
Expense country | Yes | |
redaction_requested |
Boolean indicating if individual or organization listed as receiving expense requested personal information be redacted | No |
A few things to know:
HTTP GET
http://illinoissunshine.org/api/SOME-ENDPOINT
/api/advanced-search/
search data for a term
Searches selected tables for a given term. Results are ordered in reverse order by date.
Query Parameters
All query parameters are optional except for term
| Parameter | Default value | Possible values | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
term |
none | Any string | The term to search for across selected tables. Must be at least three characters long. |
limit |
50 | Any positive integer | The number of results to return. Use this in combination with offset to paginate results. |
offset |
0 | Any positive integer | Skip this number of results from the beginning of the response. Use this in combination with limit to paginate results. |
datatype |
json | csv or json |
Format to return the data in. csv returns a zip file containing CSV files with the results from each of the selected tables. |
table_name |
committees candidates receipts expenditures officers
|
committees candidates receipts expenditures officers
investments
|
The name of the table to search within. Multiple
table_name allow you to search within
multiple tables. So, to search within the
receipts and expenditures
tables, add this to your querystring:
&table_name=receipts&table_name=expenditures
|
Response
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
objects |
A JSON object containing arrays of results from each of the selected tables. The fields returned depend on the table. See data description above for details above for descriptions of each data table. |
Example
http://illinoissunshine.org/api/advanced-search/?term=cullerton
Returns all committees, candidates, receipts, officers and expenditures containing the word 'cullerton'
/api/top-money/
Find top donors or expenses for a committee
Returns top 25 donors or expenses for a given committee
Query Parameters
All query parameters are required
| Parameter | Default value | Possible values | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
committee_id |
none | Valid unique numeric identifier for a committee | |
type |
none |
receipts expenditures |
Either receipts or expenditures depending on the type of transaction you're interested in |
Response
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
total |
Total amount donated or received by individual or organization |
first_name |
First (given) name of individual who either received the total or gave the total , depending on transaction type
|
last_name |
Last (family) name of individual or name of organization who either received the total or gave the total , depending on transaction type
|
total_date |
Date of most recent transaction |
Example
http://illinoissunshine.org/api/top-money/?type=receipts&limit=25&committee_id=1212
Returns the top 25 donors to Taxpayers for Quinn (committee ID 1212)
/api/committees/
Query committees table
Filter committee table based upon its attributes
Query Parameters
All query parameters are optional
| Parameter | Default value | Possible values | Description | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[dataset_field]* |
none |
Any available dataset field. Refer to the Query operators
Example: |
Response
Returns a list of committees
(described above) matching query. Within each committees
block is a candidates
block containing a list of supported candidates (if any)
Example
http://illinoissunshine.org/api/committees/?name__ilike=%democratic%&type=Political Party
Returns committees where the name is like "democratic" and are Political Parties
/api/receipts/
Query receipts table
Filter receipts table based upon its attributes
Query Parameters
All query parameters are optional except committee_id
| Parameter | Default value | Possible values | Description | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
committee_id |
none | Any valid numeric identfier for a committee | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
datatype |
json | csv, json | Indicates what data format to respond with | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[dataset_field]* |
none |
Any available dataset field. Refer to the Query operators
Example: |
Response
Returns a list of receipts
(described above) matching query as well as all information about the committee that received them
Example
http://illinoissunshine.org/api/receipts/?committee_id=25185&amount__ge=50000&received_date__ge=2015-01-01
Returns receipts greater than or equal to $50,000 and received after January 1, 2015 by Citizens for Rauner, Inc
/api/expenditures/
Query receipts table
Filter expenditures table based upon attributes
Query Parameters
All query parameters are optional except committee_id
| Parameter | Default value | Possible values | Description | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
committee_id |
none | Any valid numeric identfier for a committee | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
datatype |
json | csv, json | Indicates what data format to respond with | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[dataset_field]* |
none |
Any available dataset field. Refer to the Query operators
Example: |
Response
Returns a list of expenditures
(described above) matching query as well as all information about the committee that made them
Example
http://illinoissunshine.org/api/expenditures/?committee_id=25960&last_name__ilike=Democratic%20Party%25
Returns expenditures made by Chicago Forward to organizations or individuals with a name like "Democratic Party"
Use of any Illinois Sunshine API content must appropriately attribute the Illinois Campaign for Political Reform (ICPR) by name and logo usage whenever possible. You may not display the API content in such a manner that does not allow for successful linking and redirection to, and delivery of, illinoissunshine.org.
Restrictions on Illinois Sunshine data
Unless otherwise consented to or permitted by the Illinois Campaign for Political Reform, you will:
ensure that the fundamental meaning of the API content is not changed or distorted;
ensure that the use or display of API content does not suggest that the Illinois Campaign for Political Reform promotes or endorses you or any third party or the causes, ideas, Web sites, political candidates or parties, products or services of you or any third party. ICPR is a nonpartisan, nonprofit 501(c)3 organization, and cannot endorse or support any political party, candidate for elected office, or partisan politics;
not display the name, logo, trademark or other identifier of another person (except for ICPR or you) on your Site in such a manner as to give the viewer the impression that such other person is a publisher or distributor of the API content on the Site
Let's work together!
ICPR would like to work with you if you plan to use data from Illinois Sunshine. Please contact us at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>to discuss partnership opportunities.
Illinois Campaign for Political Reform logos
{% endblock %} {% block extra_javascript %} {% endblock %}


--- ---
Roboticist & Computer Engineer
I'm Shen Chen from the Renaissance Engineering Programme in Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Pursuing a B.S. Engineering Science (Computer Engineering) and a M.S. Technology Management.
Highlighted project descriptions may be viewed by clicking the images in the gallery above. A list of projects that I've worked on may be viewed at the link below.
View ProjectsJun. 2020 - Aug. 2020
Oct. 2017 - Oct. 2019
May 2019 - Aug. 2019
Nov. 2014 - Sep. 2017
I'm a passionate roboticist ready for challenging work. If you'd like to contact me, you can shoot me an email at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or contact me through LinkedIn.


Hey everyone. Before anyone gets annoyed because I am asking for a second build, one day after I asked for my first... I am only asking out of curiosity. I still fully intend to use a Paladin. I only ask for a High AC Palemaster because it was mentioned in my Paladin thread (I dont know why) and it was said that it has really, really high AC but the guy never elaborated. I was just wondering how high of an AC it could get if:
-Level 30 server -Minimum 3 levels of any class taken -No Perma-Haste or Perma-TS -No Shadowdancer -RDD requires 12 levels of either Bard or Sorc -No weapons or Armour beyond +3 enchantment -No damage immunity beyond 5/- for Elements
It could focus on casting or melee, I dont care. I just want to know the potential AC. I might use it on an Arena server. (Paladin is for RP server)


public class Filter
extends java.lang.Object
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
Filter() |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
arc(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image,
double angle,
double spreadAngle,
double radius,
double height,
double centreX,
double centerY)
A filter which wraps an image around a circular arc.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
blurGaussian(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image,
int radius,
int iterations)
A filter which performs a box blur on an image.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
blurGaussian(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image,
int hRadius,
int vRadius,
int iterations)
A filter which performs a box blur on an image.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
blurSimple(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
A filter which averages the 3x3 neighbourhood of each pixel, providing a simple blur.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
blurVariable(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image,
int radius)
A filter which performs a box blur with a different blur radius at each pixel.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
blurVariable(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image,
int hRadius,
int vRadius,
int iterations)
A filter which performs a box blur with a different blur radius at each pixel.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
chrome(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
A filter which simulates chrome.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
composite(java.awt.image.BufferedImage imageMain,
java.awt.image.BufferedImage imageToAdd,
int x,
int y)
Draws imageToAdd on top of imageMain.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
emboss(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
A simple embossing filter.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
glowInner(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image,
double amount)
A filter which adds Gaussian blur to an image, producing a glowing effect.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
kaleidoscope(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image,
int sides,
double radius,
double angle,
double angle2,
double centreX,
double centreY)
A Filter which produces the effect of looking into a kaleidoscope(Great for images/text with alpha).
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
opacity(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image,
double opacity)
A filter thats sets the opacity(transparency) of an image
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
perspective(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image,
float x0,
float y0,
float x1,
float y1,
float x2,
float y2,
float x3,
float y3)
A filter which performs a perspective distortion on an image.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
rescale(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image,
double scale)
Rescales the image based on mulitplicity.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
rotate(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image,
double angle,
double anchorX,
double anchorY)
Rotates the image by a number of degrees.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
rotate(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image,
double angle,
java.lang.String anchor)
Rotates the image by a number of degrees.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
shadow(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
A filter which draws a drop shadow based on the alpha channel of the image.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
shadow(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image,
int radius,
double xOffset,
double yOffset,
double opacity)
A filter which draws a drop shadow based on the alpha channel of the image.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
smear(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
A filter creates a smeared effect
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
solarize(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
A filter which solarizes an image.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
sparkle(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
Generates a large sparkle effect..
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
sphere(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
A filter which simulates a lens placed over an image.
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
transparentBorder(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image,
int borderSize)
Creates a transparent border that wraps around an image
|
java.awt.image.BufferedImage |
unsharp(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image,
double amount)
A filter which subtracts Gaussian blur from an image, sharpening it.
|
public java.awt.image.BufferedImage arc(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image, double angle, double spreadAngle, double radius, double height, double centreX, double centerY)
image
- angle
- the angle of the arc. default 0spreadAngle
- the spread angle of the arc. default 3.14radius
- the radius of the effect. default 10height
- the height of the arc. default 20centreX
- centre of the effect in the X direction as a proportion of the image size. default 0.5 (middle)centerY
- centre of the effect in the Y direction as a proportion of the image siz. default 0.5 (middle)public java.awt.image.BufferedImage blurGaussian(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image, int radius, int iterations)
image
- image to filterhRadius
- the radius of bluriterations
- the number of time to iterate the blurpublic java.awt.image.BufferedImage blurGaussian(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image, int hRadius, int vRadius, int iterations)
image
- image to filterhRadius
- the horizontal radius of blurvRadius
- the vertical radius of bluriterations
- the number of time to iterate the blurpublic java.awt.image.BufferedImage blurSimple(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
image
- image to filterpublic java.awt.image.BufferedImage blurVariable(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image, int radius)
image
- radius
- the size of the blur.iterations
- the number of iterations the blur is performedpublic java.awt.image.BufferedImage blurVariable(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image, int hRadius, int vRadius, int iterations)
image
- hRadius
- the horizontal size of the blur.vRadius
- the vertical size of the blur.iterations
- the number of iterations the blur is performedpublic java.awt.image.BufferedImage chrome(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
image
- image to filterpublic java.awt.image.BufferedImage composite(java.awt.image.BufferedImage imageMain, java.awt.image.BufferedImage imageToAdd, int x, int y)
imageMain
- the image to alterimageToAdd
- the image being addedx
- x-coord relative to imageMainy
- y-coord relative to imageMainpublic java.awt.image.BufferedImage emboss(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
image
- image to filterpublic java.awt.image.BufferedImage glowInner(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image, double amount)
image
- amount
- the amount of glow. negatives result in darkening(inner shadow?)public java.awt.image.BufferedImage kaleidoscope(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image, int sides, double radius, double angle, double angle2, double centreX, double centreY)
image
- sides
- the number of sides of the kaleidoscope. default 3radius
- the radius of the effect. default 0angle
- angle of the kaleidoscope. default 0angle2
- secondary angle of the kaleidoscope. default 0centreX
- centre of the effect in the X direction as a proportion of the image size. default 0.5 (middle)centreY
- centre of the effect in the Y direction as a proportion of the image size. default 0.5 (middle)public java.awt.image.BufferedImage opacity(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image, double opacity)
image
- opacity
- 0-100% 100 being opaquepublic java.awt.image.BufferedImage perspective(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image, float x0, float y0, float x1, float y1, float x2, float y2, float x3, float y3)
image
- the image to alterx0
- the new position of the top left cornery0
- the new position of the top left cornerx1
- the new position of the top right cornery1
- the new position of the top right cornerx2
- the new position of the bottom right cornery2
- the new position of the bottom right cornerx3
- the new position of the bottom left cornery3
- the new position of the bottom left cornerpublic java.awt.image.BufferedImage rescale(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image, double scale)
image
- scale
- public java.awt.image.BufferedImage rotate(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image, double angle, java.lang.String anchor)
image
- angle
- degrees to rotateanchor
- center, left, right, top, bottom, topleft, topright, bottomleft, bottomrightpublic java.awt.image.BufferedImage rotate(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image, double angle, double anchorX, double anchorY)
image
- angle
- degrees to rotateanchorX
- anchorY
- public java.awt.image.BufferedImage shadow(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
image
- public java.awt.image.BufferedImage shadow(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image, int radius, double xOffset, double yOffset, double opacity)
image
- radius
- the radius of the shadow. default 5xOffset
- the X offset of the shadowyOffset
- the Y offset of the shadowopacity
- the opacity of the shadowpublic java.awt.image.BufferedImage smear(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
image
- public java.awt.image.BufferedImage solarize(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
image
- public java.awt.image.BufferedImage sparkle(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
image
- public java.awt.image.BufferedImage sphere(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image)
image
- public java.awt.image.BufferedImage transparentBorder(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image, int borderSize)
image
- srcborderSize
- size of border in pixelspublic java.awt.image.BufferedImage unsharp(java.awt.image.BufferedImage image, double amount)
image
- amount
- effect in percentage 1-100+


[ github.com/lautr3k/meshes.js ]
Transformation:
[s] = scale
[r] = rotate
[t] = translate
[g] = snap to grid / free move
[x] = apply transformations
Selection:
[a] = select/unselect all
Helpers:
[f] = drop
[p] = pack
[d] = remove
[j] = group
[e] = ungroup
[w] = show/hide wireframe
[h] = show / hide transformation helper
Boolean operations:
[U] = union
[S] = subtract
[I] = intersect
Export STL:
[n] = save binary
[m] = save ascii
Views:
[0] = default
[2] = front
[6] = right
[8] = back
[4] = left
[9] = top
[3] = bottom


public abstract class FileSystem<ResourceIdT extends ResourceId>
extends java.lang.Object
It defines APIs for writing file systems agnostic code.
All methods are protected, and they are for file system providers to implement.
Clients should use FileSystems
utility.
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
FileSystem() |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
protected abstract void |
copy(java.util.List<ResourceIdT> srcResourceIds,
java.util.List<ResourceIdT> destResourceIds)
Copies a
List of file-like resources from one location to another. |
protected abstract java.nio.channels.WritableByteChannel |
create(ResourceIdT resourceId,
CreateOptions createOptions)
Returns a write channel for the given
ResourceIdT . |
protected abstract void |
delete(java.util.Collection<ResourceIdT> resourceIds)
Deletes a collection of resources.
|
protected abstract java.util.List<MatchResult> |
match(java.util.List<java.lang.String> specs)
This is the entry point to convert user-provided specs to
ResourceIds . |
protected abstract java.nio.channels.ReadableByteChannel |
open(ResourceIdT resourceId)
Returns a read channel for the given
ResourceIdT . |
protected abstract void |
rename(java.util.List<ResourceIdT> srcResourceIds,
java.util.List<ResourceIdT> destResourceIds)
Renames a
List of file-like resources from one location to another. |
protected abstract java.util.List<MatchResult> match(java.util.List<java.lang.String> specs) throws java.io.IOException
ResourceIds
.
Callers should use match(java.util.List<java.lang.String>)
to resolve users specs ambiguities before
calling other methods.
Implementation should handle the following ambiguities of a user-provided spec:
spec
could be a glob or a uri. match(java.util.List<java.lang.String>)
should be able to tell and
choose efficient implementations.
spec
might refer to files or directories. It is common that
users that wish to indicate a directory will omit the trailing /
, such as in a spec of
"/tmp/dir"
. The FileSystem
should be able to recognize a directory with
the trailing /
omitted, but should always return a correct ResourceIdT
(e.g., "/tmp/dir/"
inside the returned MatchResult
.
All FileSystem
implementations should support glob in the final hierarchical path
component of ResourceIdT
. This allows SDK libraries to construct file system agnostic
spec. FileSystems
can support additional patterns for user-provided specs.
List<MatchResult>
in the same order of the input specs.java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
- if specs are invalid.java.io.IOException
- if all specs failed to match due to issues like:
network connection, authorization.
Exception for individual spec need to be deferred until callers retrieve
metadata with MatchResult.metadata()
.protected abstract java.nio.channels.WritableByteChannel create(ResourceIdT resourceId, CreateOptions createOptions) throws java.io.IOException
ResourceIdT
.
The resource is not expanded; it is used verbatim.
resourceId
- the reference of the file-like resource to createcreateOptions
- the configuration of the create operationjava.io.IOException
protected abstract java.nio.channels.ReadableByteChannel open(ResourceIdT resourceId) throws java.io.IOException
ResourceIdT
.
The resource is not expanded; it is used verbatim.
If seeking is supported, then this returns a
SeekableByteChannel
.
resourceId
- the reference of the file-like resource to openjava.io.IOException
protected abstract void copy(java.util.List<ResourceIdT> srcResourceIds, java.util.List<ResourceIdT> destResourceIds) throws java.io.IOException
List
of file-like resources from one location to another.
The number of source resources must equal the number of destination resources. Destination resources will be created recursively.
srcResourceIds
- the references of the source resourcesdestResourceIds
- the references of the destination resourcesjava.io.FileNotFoundException
- if the source resources are missing. When copy throws,
each resource might or might not be copied. In such scenarios, callers can use match()
to determine the state of the resources.java.io.IOException
protected abstract void rename(java.util.List<ResourceIdT> srcResourceIds, java.util.List<ResourceIdT> destResourceIds) throws java.io.IOException
List
of file-like resources from one location to another.
The number of source resources must equal the number of destination resources. Destination resources will be created recursively.
srcResourceIds
- the references of the source resourcesdestResourceIds
- the references of the destination resourcesjava.io.FileNotFoundException
- if the source resources are missing. When rename throws,
the state of the resources is unknown but safe:
for every (source, destination) pair of resources, the following are possible:
a) source exists, b) destination exists, c) source and destination both exist.
Thus no data is lost, however, duplicated resource are possible.
In such scenarios, callers can use match()
to determine the state of the resource.java.io.IOException
protected abstract void delete(java.util.Collection<ResourceIdT> resourceIds) throws java.io.IOException
It is allowed but not recommended to delete directories recursively.
Callers depends on FileSystems
and uses DeleteOptions
.
resourceIds
- the references of the resources to delete.java.io.FileNotFoundException
- if resources are missing. When delete throws,
each resource might or might not be deleted. In such scenarios, callers can use match()
to determine the state of the resources.java.io.IOException


From
To
Google
Translate (direct link in case the source input is too long or the request is blocked or...)
(Auto expand field: Alt= or Alt+ ; scroll up/down = top/down arrow)


Mason Rudolph receives support from ex-Steelers teammate Antonio Brown after Myles Garrett brawl
by Ryan GaydosThe brawl between Myles Garrett and Mason Rudolph drew a response from almost every crevice of the NFL world, including former Pittsburgh Steelers wide receiver Antonio Brown.
Brown tweeted Friday a picture of himself in a Steelers uniform from a game against the Cleveland Browns in 2014.  He accompanied it with "This for you Mason!!!!!"
BROWNS' MYLES GARRETT BRAWL COULD LEAD TO HEFTY FINE, LENGTHY SUSPENSION
The play occurred in the beginning of that season and Brown was later fined $8,200.
Brown and Rudolph were teammates during the 2018 season. The Steelers selected Rudolph in the third round of 2018 NFL Draft from Oklahoma State. It was Brown’s last season with the Steelers.
MASON RUDOLPH'S AGENT REVIEWING BRAWL WITH MYLES GARRETT, LAMENTS POTENTIAL 'CATASTROPHIC ENDING'
He was traded to the Oakland Raiders in March, released from the team, signed with the New England Patriots and was cut from them in September.
MYLES GARRETT BRAWL: BROWNS STAR FINDS SOME ALLIES AS FIGHT FALLOUT ENSUES
Brown played one game with the Patriots this season.
Brown reportedly met with the NFL for the first time over the allegations on Thursday. According to ESPN, the two parties met for eight hours and the wide receiver “felt it went well.”
Brown has denied all the allegations against him.
The fight between Garrett and Rudolph happened in the closing seconds of the game.
Rudolph had thrown a short pass to running back Trey Edmunds when Garrett rushed him and threw him down on the ground. The two then began to get into a scuffle on the ground when Steelers offensive linemen Matt Feiler and David DeCastro tried to break it up.
Video shows Garrett ripping Rudolph’s helmet off his head and hitting the quarterback with it. Rudolph then looks around for referees with his arms up. Maurkice Pouncy gets involved and starts to punch Garrett in the helmet. He is seen kicking Garrett in the helmet while the defensive end is lying on the turf on his back.
On the side of Garrett and Pouncey’s scuffle, Browns defensive tackle Larry Ogunjobi comes in from seemingly out of nowhere and pushes Rudolph down to the ground.
Garrett, Pouncy and Ogunjobi were ejected from the game.
CLICK HERE FOR MORE SPORTS COVERAGE ON FOXNEWS.COM
Cleveland held on for a 21-7 win in the contest between AFC North rivals.


EMOobTransactionVerifyRequest Protocol Reference
| Conforms to | EMOobIncomingMessage EMOobMessageMeta |
|---|---|
| Declared in | EMOobTransactionVerifyRequest.h |
locale
required method
Gets the locale the message content is for.
@property (nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSString *locale
Return Value
The locale.
Availability
3.0
Declared In
EMOobTransactionVerifyRequest.h
contentType
required method
content
required method
Gets message content as a secure byte array.
@property (nonatomic, strong, readonly) id<EMSecureByteArray> content
Return Value
The content.
Availability
3.0
Declared In
EMOobTransactionVerifyRequest.h
contentString
required method
subject
required method
Gets message subject
@property (nonatomic, copy, readonly) id<EMSecureString> subject
Return Value
The subject.
Availability
3.0
Declared In
EMOobTransactionVerifyRequest.h
– contentStringWithEncoding:
required method
– createWithResponse:meta:
required method
Creates an outgoing response for this transaction verification request message.
- (id<EMOobTransactionVerifyResponse>)createWithResponse:(EMOobTransactionVerifyResponseValue)aResponse meta:(NSDictionary *)aMeta
Parameters
aResponse |
The response to provide to the transaction. See enum EMOobTransactionVerifyResponseValue. |
|---|---|
aMeta |
The metadata for the message. Can be |
Return Value
The outgoing message ready to be sent.
Availability
3.0
Declared In
EMOobTransactionVerifyRequest.h


Final year student at King's College London studying BSc Computer Science.
Royal Bank of Canada Capital Markets
Bank of England
Java
Scala
Python
Financial Computing
Machine Learning
Algorithms


Source for file InvalidData.php
Documentation is available at InvalidData.php
* This software is the intellectual property of MediaSift Ltd., and is covered
* by retained intellectual property rights, including copyright.
* Distribution of this software is strictly forbidden under the terms of this license.
* @author Stuart Dallas<EMAIL_ADDRESS>* @copyright 2011 MediaSift Ltd.
* @license http://www.debian.org/misc/bsd.license BSD License (3 Clause)
* @link http://www.mediasift.com
* InvalidData exception - Thrown when a piece of code comes across data in an unexpected format.
* @author Stuart Dallas<EMAIL_ADDRESS>* @license http://www.debian.org/misc/bsd.license BSD License (3 Clause)
* @link http://www.mediasift.com
|


platform is kind of an IOT server and it introduces some device types which can be enrolled to the platform and an application can be used for it
Find Out AppsIf you can create or programme embedded system applications its free to add applications here and earn monny with dialog ideamart.
If you can create or programme embedded system applications its free to add applications here and earn monny with dialog ideamart.
If you can create or programme embedded system applications its free to add applications here and earn monny with dialog ideamart.


Introdution
Raechel Portelli is a geographic information scientist with 17 years of experience in the analysis of geographic data including remotely sensed imagery, GIS, text analysis, and geovisualization. Her career has spanned the University of Idaho, Pennsylvania State University, and Michigan State University. In addition to research, Dr. Portelli has developed and instructed courses in Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis, Cartography, and a variety of specialty directed topics covering GIS analytics.


A Pizza Inn pizza box might be one of the most recognisable icons of Africa. Whichever way you slice it, Pizza Inn is an industry leader in the quick service pizza game. The first Pizza Inn outlet opened its doors in 1994 in Harare, Zimbabwe, and rose quickly in popularity. Serving hot oven-fresh pizza with its signature all-natural tomato sauce and using only the freshest ingredients, Pizza Inn has established itself at the top of the industry and is easily one of the first choices in quick service pizza in Africa. produced in-house daily and is another reason why the pizza at Pizza Inn always tastes better. The Twisty Bread, the signature Wingz and the delicious Double Meal are additional value-for-money options that keep our satisfied customers coming back time after time. These are the meals that have made our Terri?c Tuesday everyone’s favourite day of the week. When entertaining, a Hawaiian, a Regina, or a Peri Peri Chicken pizza from Pizza Inn is the obvious and perfect option to please crowds of all ages.
The Pizza Oven
You need to have a good pizza oven if you hope to run a pizza shop. You will find that you have a number of different options when it comes to the type of Equipment and Supplies Needed to Run a Successful Pizza Shopoven you can choose. Brick pizza ovens are a great choice, but they are not practical for all types of pizza shops. Other options include pizza deck ovens, and countertop pizza ovens. Most of the ovens are going to be able to cook the pizzas quite quickly, so the one that you choose will likely be a matter of personal choice, space, and budget.
Pizza Delivery
If you offer pizza delivery, then you must be sure to have more than just boxes for delivering the pizza. You will want to have insulated, thermal pizza delivery bags that will help to keep the pizza nice and hot until it gets delivered. Uniforms for your delivery drivers, or at least hats, are a good idea, although it is something that is overlooked by many pizza shop owners.
Utensils and Kitchen Tools
Of course, you have to make sure that you have high quality kitchen tools while you are making the pizza and the other food in your pizza shop. You will need to have pizza peels,dough dockers, pizza cutters, as well as dough pans and dough sheeters. You also have to have high quality pizza pans unless you are baking directly on pizza stone. If you have a seating option in the pizzeria, you will need to provide utensils those who dine at your establishment.
Chicken Inn is famous for its fried chicken. We are renowned for serving tasty fried chicken pieces and a wide range of other menu items including hand-cut chips made fresh daily, chicken burgers, slow roasted rotisserie chicken, beef burgers , Spicy Wingz, Chicken Bites and other pocket friendly meals. The design and layout of Chicken Inn outlets is inviting and colorful, appealing to the whole family. The brand also incorporates into its menu, fun meals for the kids at pocket friendly prices.
Established in 1994, the first Pizza Inn opened in Harare, Zimbabwe. As one of the leading pizza brand in Zimbabwe, Pizza Inn continues to deliver the best tasting pizza using only the freshest ingredients, which has contributed to its success locally and across Africa.
Galito's is the best tasting flame grilled chicken in the world, with massive flavour right through. Our traditional marinade is made from all natural ingredients infused with select herbs and spices. Slowly marinated for at least 24 hours, flame grilled to perfection and served to order, making it the healthiest, tastiest flame grilled chicken in town.
Creamy Inn is renowned for its delicious, creamy ice cream that is available in a delectable selection of cones, cups, sundaes, milkshakes and waffles. The brand is loved by young and old alike and is the perfect reward while shopping as well as a destination for the whole family. Creamy Inn’s delicious soft serve is the secret ingredient that goes into every product, mixed with a choice of indulgent toppings. This is where every indulgent craving is satisfied and will have you returning for more!


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Paper Presentation
Category:
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Start Date:
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End Date:
25 February, 2022
Hours:
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Faculty Associated:
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Squad
Ruby on Rails /
JavaScript /
React Native (dev only) /
HTML & CSS
Twilio API /
AWS S3 /
Bootstrap /
Travis CI /
Heroku
Squad was our capstone project for Dev Bootcamp, built in 8 days by a team of 4. Our idea was to build a mobile friendly application that allows a user to create a friends list and send out polls when they're out and about. Polls could be for anything, but an example would be shopping alone and asking your friends list if a sweater looks good with the option to upload a picture of it. The user is then able to watch the feedback come back in real time via a live chart update. The main goal was for ease of use for users wanting immediate feedback. Being able to send in a response by a simple text without having the app itself open makes it more convenient to reply. We believed that more convenience for others meant more feedback for the user.
Features include
Swipe right/left on voting page when using the app on a phone
Instant camera upload to Amazon Web Services
Twilio allowing for texts to directly update database
All recent polls can be viewed as sender/voter
View Repo
Round Table
Ruby on Rails /
JavaScript /
HTML & CSS
Bootstrap /
Travis CI /
Heroku
Round table was a mock client project, built in 2 days by a team of 4 where we practiced client interaction from a tech team perspective. We were tasked to build out an application to the client's specifications, with input from our team. The app itself is very similar to wikipedia and its features, but only of board games that people can look up and play. A user can create a game by providing its title and instructions on how to play it. Adhering to proposed deadlines (MVP showcase) with the client changing requirements mid-way through were also simulated. The main goals were to get more comfortable with the Rails framework, explore some of its gems, use Trello for tracking user stories, practice TDD with continuous integration, & learn more about deployment.
Features include
Registered users can create the initial game and instructions
Images can be uploaded when creating a game via CKeditor/Paperclip gems
All users, registered or not can update a game's instructions & rules
All changes are recorded in a history and can be reverted
View Repo


Header is based on Semanic menu element: Semantic UI Menu
Angular2 building blocks based on Semantic UI
Loading animation is based on Semantic loading element: Semantic UI Loader
Tooltip is based on Semantic popup component


Houghton
This page contains an index of all the individuals in the database with the surname of Houghton. Selecting the person’s name will take you to that person’s individual page.
| Given Name | Birth | Death | Partner | Parents |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arron Peter | 1984-03-29 | 1984-10-12 | Houghton, [Living] Welch, [Living] | |
| Jemma | 1991-11-04 | 1995-01-03 | Houghton, Shane Kevin Doolan, [Living] | |
| Kevin John | about 1938 | 2001-04-20 | Dawson, [Living] | |
| Shane Kevin | 1959-12-03 | 2004 | Kessell, [Living], Doolan, [Living] | Houghton, Kevin John Dawson, [Living] |
| [Living] | Holt, [Living], Pope, [Living] | Houghton, Kevin John Dawson, [Living] | ||
| [Living] | Welch, [Living] | Houghton, Kevin John Dawson, [Living] | ||
| [Living] | Houghton, Shane Kevin Kessell, [Living] | |||
| [Living] | Houghton, Shane Kevin Kessell, [Living] | |||
| [Living] | Houghton, Shane Kevin Doolan, [Living] | |||
| [Living] | Houghton, Shane Kevin Kessell, [Living] | |||
| [Living] | Pope, [Living] Houghton, [Living] | |||
| [Living] | Houghton, [Living] Welch, [Living] | |||
| [Living] | Houghton, [Living] Welch, [Living] | |||
| [Living] | Houghton, [Living] Welch, [Living] | |||
| [Living] | Houghton, [Living] Welch, [Living] | |||
| [Living] | Houghton, [Living] Welch, [Living] | |||
| [Living] | Houghton, [Living] Welch, [Living] |


Sequential advantage selection (SAS, Fan, Lu and Song, 2016) <arXiv:1405.5239> and penalized A-learning (PAL, Shi, et al., 2018) methods are implement for selecting important variables involved in optimal individualized (dynamic) treatment regime in both single-stage or multi-stage studies.
| Version: | 1.0-1 |
| Imports: | Formula, Rglpk, ncvreg, Matrix, svMisc |
| Published: | 2018-09-24 |
| Author: | Chengchun Shi, Ailin Fan, Rui Song and Wenbin Lu |
| Maintainer: | Chengchun Shi <cshi4 at ncsu.edu> |
| License: | GPL-2 |
| NeedsCompilation: | yes |
| Citation: | ITRSelect citation info |
| Materials: | NEWS |
| CRAN checks: | ITRSelect results |
| Reference manual: | ITRSelect.pdf |
| Package source: | ITRSelect_1.0-1.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: ITRSelect_1.0-1.zip, r-release: ITRSelect_1.0-1.zip, r-oldrel: ITRSelect_1.0-1.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: ITRSelect_1.0-1.tgz, r-oldrel: ITRSelect_1.0-1.tgz |
| Old sources: | ITRSelect archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ITRSelect to link to this page.


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| Organization | {{ row.organisation }} | Job Title | {{ row.title }} | Recruiter Name | {{ row.createdBy }} | Applied | Rejected | Accepted |
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--- layout: post title: |- The Crows did a great job giving papers at the Western Research Forum this afternoon. I just had to watch! #fb date: '2011-02-26T16:36:00.000-05:00' author: Bob Sica tags: modified_time: '2011-12-21T12:48:50.394-05:00' blogger_id: tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-736339229338318027.post-6357786892651615261 blogger_orig_url: http://blog.purplecrowlidar.ca/2011/02/crows-did-great-job-giving-papers-at.html ---


Uninstalling Studio
Chapters
Mac OS X
-
Delete /Applications/Aptana Studio 3 or /Applications/Titanium Studio.
Windows
-
Using the Add or Remove Programs applet on Control Panel to uninstall Studio.
-
If Studio is not listed in your "Add or Remove Programs", it may be because you chose to install Studio with a zip. You will have to determine where you installed it (hopefully in your Program Files) and manually delete it.
-
Delete the remaining application folder off the hard drive (we do not automatically delete this as some users have complained). If you did not change your installation location on disj=k during the install, it is likely in:
-
Windows Vista/7: C:\Users\username\AppData\Local\Aptana Studio or Titanium Studio)
-
Windows XP: C:\Program Files\Aptana Studio or Titanium Studio
-
Linux
-
Delete the Studio installation folder.
Eclipse Plugin
Follow the instructions here: http://help.eclipse.org/helios/index.jsp?topic=/org.eclipse.platform.doc.user/tasks/tasks-126.htm.


@()(implicit ctx: Context) @moreJs = { @highchartsLatestTag @highchartsMoreTag @jsTag("lag.js") } @site.layout( title = "Is lichess lagging?", moreCss = cssTag("lag.css"), moreJs = moreJs) {
The time it takes to process a move on the server. It's the same for everybody, and only depends on the server load. The more players and the higher it gets, but lichess developers do their best to keep it low. It rarely exceeds 10ms.
The time it takes to send a move from your computer to lichess server, and get the response back. It's specific to your distance to lichess (France) and to the quality of your Internet connection. Lichess developers can not fix your wifi or make light go faster.
You can find both these values at any time, by clicking your username in the top bar.
Lichess compensates network lag, up to one second per move. After your move, your average network lag is added to your clock. As a result, having a higher network lag than your opponent is not a handicap!
Now when you see someone complain about lag, you can send them to this page, so they can learn a thing or two :)


Dart is designed to be easy to learn for coders coming from other languages, but it also has a few unique features that will be new to people learning it for the first time. This short codelab will walk you through the most important ones, and can be a handy place to return for a refresher as you grow your Dart skills.
In addition to explanations and examples, the codelab includes embedded editors with partially completed code snippets. You can use these editors to test your knowledge by completing the code and clicking the "test" button.
Dart offers string interpolation to simplify formatting variables and expressions as strings. You can put the value of an expression inside a string by using ${expression}. If the expression is an identifier, you can skip the {}.
Some examples:
The following function takes two integers as parameters. Add code to make it return a string containing both numbers separated by a space (e.g. 2 and 3 become '2 3').


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block content %}
Let's see how you performed!!!
{% if checks %} Oh no! Looks like you had issues with your username! Here are the requirements you failed: {% for check in checks %}Your username passed the 3 requirements
{% endif %} {% endblock %}


Write once...and never look at again
Continue to evolve to get a consistent documentation
Single source of truth to share the understanding
Developpers are used to write unit tests but...
Testing is not only matter of developpers
Turn computer-focused tests
into human-focused documentation
Acceptance testing
BDD
Executable specification
Persona
Feature
Story
Scenario (Gherkin)
Scenario: Forgot password
Given a user with email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>exists
When I ask for a password reset
Then an email with a password reset link should be sent
Keep doc, code & tests up-to-date
Cucumber = the most used BDD framework
JBehave = adapted for java
Jnario = well integrated to Eclipse
This chapter specifies the software behavior by listing relevant scenarios.
Section Scenario 01: Filtering Offers {
When I select the "Books" in the Category Page, I should only see the offers associated to this _category_.
}
}
This chapter specifies the software behavior by listing relevant scenarios.
Section Scenario 01: Filtering Offers {
When I select the "Books" in the Category Page, I should only see the offers associated to this _category_.
}
}
This chapter specifies the software behavior by listing relevant scenarios.
Section Scenario 01: Filtering Offers {
When I select the "Books" in the Category Page, I should only see the offers associated to this _category_.
}
}
→ Let's specify a new feature for UML Designer
→ Let's generate the tests from Spec model
→ Let's take a look at the warning
→ Let's link new elements
Project management diagram
What's documented?
What's tested?
What's outdated?
Only one (especially crappy) book was harmed during the preparation of this talk
wiki.eclipse.org/Intent
@Intent_Project
@melaniebats
@alex_lagarde


Update
If you use an older Version of Cuteflow, and you want to keep your whole data and settings, you can easily update it:
IMPORTANT: Updates can only be made from Cuteflow v1.5.3 or v1.6.0
- To avoid an unexpected disaster: please backup your Database and Configuration Entries.
- Copy CuteFlow 1.7.0 in your current Cuteflow directory (overwrite existing files!!)
- Just execute "[YourCuteFlowDirectory]/update/update.php"
- Choose your current Cuteflow Version and follow the instructions
- Start Cuteflow as usual


Lecture 07: Ray intersection. Closest hit
Computer graphics in Game development
Ivan Belyavtsev
6.11.2020
Sphere intersection algorithm
From:
[1]
Plane intersection algorithm
From:
[1]
Möller-Trumbore algorithm
From:
[1]
[2]
Möller-Trumbore algorithm
find vectors for two edges sharing vert
calculate determinant
\(edge1 \cdot (dir \times edge2)\)
if determinant is near zero, ray lies in plane of triangle - no intersection
calculate barycentrics
[2]
“Möller-Trumbore algorithm” experiment
TODO
Implement sphere intersection
Implement MT algorithm
“Möller-Trumbore algorithm” experiment
Reference
From:
https://github.com/djbelyak/basic-of-ray-tracing\
“Möller-Trumbore algorithm” experiment
What is the new knowledge?
How to implement intersection function for primitives
How to implement closes hit function
References
1.
McGuire M. The graphics codex. 2.14 ed. Casual Effects, 2018.
2.
Möller T., Trumbore B. Fast, minimum storage ray-triangle intersection // J. Graph. Tools. USA: A. K. Peters, Ltd., 1997. Vol. 2, № 1. P. 21–28.
// reveal.js plugins


| 047:025 Khan | : |
Verily, those who have turned back (have apostated) as disbelievers after the guidance has been manifested to them, Shaitan (Satan) has beautified for them (their false hopes), and (Allah) prolonged their term (age). |
| 047:025 Maulana | : |
Surely those who turn back after guidance is manifest to them, the devil embellishes it for them; and lengthens false hopes for them. |
| 047:025 Pickthal | : |
Lo! those who turn back after the guidance hath been manifested unto them, Satan hath seduced them, and He giveth them the rein. |
| 047:025 Rashad | : |
Surely, those who slide back, after the guidance has been manifested to them, the devil has enticed them and led them on. |
| 047:025 Sarwar | : |
Those who have reverted to disbelief after guidance has become manifest to them, have been seduced and given false hopes by satan. |
| 047:025 Shakir | : |
Surely (as for) those who return on their backs after that guidance has become manifest to them, the Shaitan has made it a light matter to them; and He gives them respite. |
| 047:025 Sherali | : |
Surely, those who turn their backs after guidance has become manifest to them, Satan has seduced them and holds out false hopes to them. |
| 047:025 Yusufali | : |
Those who turn back as apostates after Guidance was clearly shown to them,- the Evil One has instigated them and busied them up with false hopes. |
Concepts/Themes Covered: أركان الإسلام > التوحيد > عقوبة المرتدين Pillars of Islam> Islamic> The Apostates' Punishment أركان الإسلام > التوحيد > الكافرون > عداوة الكفار Pillars of Islam> Islamic> The Disbelievers> The Disbelievers' Hostility الإيمان > الإيمان بالله > النفاق Faith> Belief In Allah> Hypocrisy الإيمان > الغيب > الشيطان > وسوسته Faith> The Unseen World> Satan, the Devil> Satanic Temptations
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


{{define "admin/tickets"}}
{{.Error}}
Currently there are no ignored low fee tickets.
Currently there are no added low fee tickets.


Home
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Let's Connect
Technical Blog of Fatma Ocal
Tech Research
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November 20, 2015
Javascript
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November 15, 2015
Ruby Classes
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November 8, 2015
Enumerable and Enumerator
|
October 30, 2015
Diversity in Tech Industry
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October 24, 2015
Arrays and Hashes
|
October 24, 2015
Positioning and Resizing the Elements by CSS
|
October 19, 2015
Version Control System and Git & GitHub
|
October 3, 2015
Copyright © 2015
by Ocal, F. All Rights Reserved.
My Office at:
F-ocal.com
Box 54567, Market Street,
San Francisco, USA
Email Me


Added Patient
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E-Prala (Elektronik Praktek Laut) is a Marine practice electronic systems for cadets to evaluate and report on their work.
Check it outMakassar Technopark is an agency that have vision as Centre of excelent for aplication software development and service in Eastern Indonesia.
Check it outMamminasata Land Syariah is a Property company that is present to meet the needs of the ummat for property that is free from RIBA and problem contract.
Check it outSALAM Wakatobi is a Wakatobi Community Based Complaint Service Facility (Information Communication Technology) where the Community can make a Complaint to the Government in Real Time and the Government will conduct Feedback related to the complaint so that the Community can monitor the complaint.
Check it outTesting Centre UNM is an agency providing testing, measurement, assessment, and evaluation services based on principles of independent, independent, reliable, responsible, and fair. In addition, the TC-UNM agency also undertakes a mission to provide training and development services so as to create professional human resources in the field of pungukuran, testing, assessment and evaluation.
Check it outAttendance system based on fingerprint in Polytechnic of Shipping Makassar to record the attendance of the lecturers.


The W3C defines the DOM as:
A platform- and language-neutral interface that will allow programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of documents.
It is an API that can be used to navigate HTML and XML documents.


Paul Feig: We need to be more understanding in divisive times
Last Christmas director Paul Feig hopes the film offers a message of understanding in “divisive times”.
The filmmaker believes there is a lot of anger and cynicism in the current political climate, and hopes his festive release can provide an antidote.
Asked about the message of the film to a country still gripped by Brexit divisions, the Bridesmaids director said he wanted people to “give each other a break”.
The film follows the erratic life of Emilia Clarke’s heroine Kate, who has fled with her family from the former Yugoslavia to begin a new life in London.
Clarke herself has said the film, co-written by Brexit-critic Dame Emma Thompson, is “important” in a post-referendum UK.
Feig told the PA news agency: “I think the nice message of this movie is just, ‘we’re all in this together’.
“We’re all trying to get by. We all have our own problems. We just have to understand each other more, and just give each other a break.”
The film makes use of a soundtrack of George Michael and Wham! hits, and co-stars Dame Emma and Henry Golding.
Feig hopes the festive feature will counter-act some of the political divisiveness he perceives today.
Speaking at the BFI Southbank in London, he said: “This is a very divisive time, and it’s a very angry time.
“There’s a lot of cynicism around, you need stuff like this to remind, again, we’re all in this together.”
Last Christmas is out in cinemas from November 15.


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CodeGenerator Abstract Class
Definition at line
14
of
CodeGenerator.hpp
Constructors
CodeGenerator
(
EmittingContext
& emittingContext)
Member Functions
void
GenerateCode
(
void
* boundCompileUnit)
pure virtual
Emitter
*
GetEmitter
()
Member Variables
Emitter
*
emitter
Constructor Details
CodeGenerator Constructor
cmajor::codegenbase::CodeGenerator::CodeGenerator(
EmittingContext
& emittingContext)
Definition at line
11
of
CodeGenerator.cpp
Declaration at line
17
of
CodeGenerator.hpp
Member Function Details
GenerateCode Member Function
void
cmajor::codegenbase::CodeGenerator::GenerateCode(
void
* boundCompileUnit)
pure virtual
Definition at line
20
of
CodeGenerator.hpp
GetEmitter Member Function
Emitter
* cmajor::codegenbase::CodeGenerator::GetEmitter()
Definition at line
18
of
CodeGenerator.hpp
top
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| I l@ve RuBoard |
Here are some of the more jagged edges of functions you might not expect. They're all obscure, but most have been known to trip up a new user.
As we've seen, Python classifies names assigned in a function as locals by default; they live in the function's scope and exist only while the function is running. What we didn't tell you is that Python detects locals statically, when it compiles the code, rather than by noticing assignments as they happen at runtime. Usually, we don't care, but this leads to one of the most common oddities posted on the Python newsgroup by beginners.
Normally, a name that isn't assigned in a function is looked up in the enclosing module:
>>> X = 99 >>> def selector(): # X used but not assigned ... print X # X found in global scope ... >>> selector() 99
Here, the X in the function resolves to the X in the module outside. But watch what happens if you add an assignment to X after the reference:
>>> def selector(): ... print X # does not yet exist! ... X = 88 # X classified as a local name (everywhere) ... # can also happen if "import X", "def X",... >>> selector() Traceback (innermost last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in ? File "<stdin>", line 2, in selector NameError: X
You get an undefined name error, but the reason is subtle. Python reads and compiles this code when it's typed interactively or imported from a module. While compiling, Python sees the assignment to X and decides that X will be a local name everywhere in the function. But later, when the function is actually run, the assignment hasn't yet happened when the print executes, so Python says you're using an undefined name. According to its name rules, it should; local X is used before being assigned.[5]
[5] In fact, any assignment in a function body makes a name local: import, =, nested defs, nested classes, and so on.
The problem occurs because assigned names are treated as locals everywhere in a function, not just after statements where they are assigned. Really, the code above is ambiguous at best: did you mean to print the global X and then create a local X, or is this a genuine programming error? Since Python treats X as a local everywhere, it is an error; but if you really mean to print global X, you need to declare it in a global statement:
>>> def selector(): ... global X # force X to be global (everywhere) ... print X ... X = 88 ... >>> selector() 99
Remember, though, that this means the assignment also changes the global X, not a local X. Within a function, you can't use both local and global versions of the same simple name. If you really meant to print the global and then set a local of the same name, import the enclosing module and qualify to get to the global version:
>>> X = 99 >>> def selector(): ... import __main__ # import enclosing module ... print __main__.X # qualify to get to global version of name ... X = 88 # unqualified X classified as local ... print X # prints local version of name ... >>> selector() 99 88
Qualification (the .X part) fetches a value from a namespace object. The interactive namespace is a module called _ _main__, so __main_ _.X reaches the global version of X. If that isn't clear, check out Chapter 5.
As we've seen, the Python def is an executable statement: when it runs, it assigns a new function object to a name. Because it's a statement, it can appear anywhere a statement can—even nested in other statements. For instance, it's completely legal to nest a function def inside an if statement, to select between alternative definitions:
if test: def func(): # define func this way ... else: def func(): # or else this way instead ... ... func()
One way to understand this code is to realize that the def is much like an = statement: it assigns a name at runtime. Unlike C, Python functions don't need to be fully defined before the program runs. Since def is an executable statement, it can also show up nested inside another def. But unlike languages such as Pascal, nested defs don't imply nested scopes in Python. For instance, consider this example that defines a function (outer), which in turn defines and calls another function (inner) that calls itself recursively:[6]
[6] By "recursively," we mean that the function is called again, before a prior call exits. In this example, the function calls itself, but it could also call another function that calls it, and so on. Recursion could be replaced with a simple while or for loop here (all we're doing is counting down to zero), but we're trying to make a point about self-recursive function names and nesting. Recursion tends to be more useful for processing data structures whose shape can't be predicted when you're writing a program.
>>> def outer(x): ... def inner(i): # assign in outer's local ... print i, # i is in inner's local ... if i: inner(i-1) # not in my local or global! ... inner(x) ... >>> outer(3) 3 Traceback (innermost last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in ? File "<stdin>", line 5, in outer File "<stdin>", line 4, in inner NameError: inner
This won't work. A nested def really only assigns a new function object to a name in the enclosing function's scope (namespace). Within the nested function, the LGB three-scope rule still applies for all names. The nested function has access only to its own local scope, the global scope in the enclosing module, and the built-in names scope. It does not have access to names in the enclosing function's scope; no matter how deeply functions nest, each sees only three scopes.
For instance, in the example above, the nested def creates the name inner in the outer function's local scope (like any other assignment in outer would). But inside the inner function, the name inner isn't visible; it doesn't live in inner's local scope, doesn't live in the enclosing module's scope, and certainly isn't a built-in. Because inner has no access to names in outer's scope, the call to inner from inner fails and raises an exception.
Don't expect scopes to nest in Python. This is really more a matter of understanding than anomaly: the def statement is just an object constructor, not a scope nester. However, if you really need access to the nested function name from inside the nested function, simply force the nested function's name out to the enclosing module's scope with a global declaration in the outer function. Since the nested function shares the global scope with the enclosing function, it finds it there according to the LGB rule:
>>> def outer(x): ... global inner ... def inner(i): # assign in enclosing module ... print i, ... if i: inner(i-1) # found in my global scope now ... inner(x) ... >>> outer(3) 3 2 1 0
Really, nested functions have no access to any names in an enclosing function, so this is actually a more general gotcha than the example above implies. To get access to names assigned prior to the nested function's def statement, you can also assign their values to the nested function's arguments as defaults. Because default arguments save their values when the def runs (not when the function is actually called), they can squirrel away objects from the enclosing function's scope:
>>> def outer(x, y): ... def inner(a=x, b=y): # save outer's x,y bindings/objects ... return a**b # can't use x and y directly here ... return inner ... >>> x = outer(2, 4) >>> x() 16
Here, a call to outer returns the new function created by the nested def. When the nested def statement runs, inner's arguments a and b are assigned the values of x and y from the outer function's local scope. In effect, inner's a and b remembers the values of outer's x and y. When a and b are used later in inner's body, they still refer to the values x and y had when outer ran (even though outer has already returned to its caller).[7] This scheme works in lambdas too, since lambdas are really just shorthand for defs:
[7] In computer-science lingo, this sort of behavior is usually called a closure—an object that remembers values in enclosing scopes, even though those scopes may not be around any more. In Python, you need to explicitly list which values are to be remembered, using argument defaults (or class object attributes, as we'll see in Chapter 6).
>>> def outer(x, y): ... return lambda a=x, b=y: a**b ... >>> y = outer(2, 5) >>> y() 32
Note that defaults won't quite do the trick in the last section's example, because the name inner isn't assigned until the inner def has completed. Global declarations may be the best workaround for nested functions that call themselves:
>>> def outer(x): ... def inner(i, self=inner): # name not defined yet ... print i, ... if i: self(i-1) ... inner(x) ... >>> outer(3) Traceback (innermost last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in ? File "<stdin>", line 2, in outer NameError: inner
But if you're interested in exploring the Twilight Zone of Python hackerage, you can instead save a mutable object as a default and plug in a reference to inner after the fact, in the enclosing function's body:
>>> def outer(x): ... fillin = [None] ... def inner(i, self=fillin): # save mutable ... print i, ... if i: self[0](i-1) # assume it's set ... fillin[0] = inner # plug value now ... inner(x) ... >>> outer(3) 3 2 1 0
Although this code illustrates Python properties (and just might amaze your friends, coworkers, and grandmother), we don't recommend it. In this example, it makes much more sense to avoid function nesting altogether:
>>> def inner(i): # define module level name ... print i, ... if i: inner(i-1) # no worries: it's a global ... >>> def outer(x): ... inner(x) ... >>> outer(3) 3 2 1 0
As a rule of thumb, the easy way out is usually the right way out.
D efault argument values are evaluated and saved when the def statement is run, not when the resulting function is called. That's what you want, since it lets you save values from the enclosing scope, as we've just seen. But since defaults retain an object between calls, you have to be careful about changing mutable defaults. For instance, the following function uses an empty list as a default value and then changes it in place each time the function is called:
>>> def saver(x=[]): # saves away a list object ... x.append(1) # changes same object each time! ... print x ... >>> saver([2]) # default not used [2, 1] >>> saver() # default used [1] >>> saver() # grows on each call [1, 1] >>> saver() [1, 1, 1]
The problem is that there's just one list object here—the one created when the def was executed. You don't get a new list every time the function is called, so the list grows with each new append.
If that's not the behavior you wish, simply move the default value into the function body; as long as the value resides in code that's actually executed each time the function runs, you'll get a new object each time through:
>>> def saver(x=None): ... if x is None: # no argument passed? ... x = [] # run code to make a new list ... x.append(1) # changes new list object ... print x ... >>> saver([2]) [2, 1] >>> saver() # doesn't grow here [1] >>> saver() [1]
By the way, the if statement above could almost be replaced by the assignment x = x or [], which takes advantage of the fact that Python's or returns one of its operand objects: if no argument was passed, x defaults to None, so the or returns the new empty list on the right. This isn't exactly the same, though: when an empty list is passed in, the function extends and returns a newly created list, rather than extending and returning the passed-in list like the previous version (the expression becomes [] or [], which evaluates to the new empty list on the right; see the discussion of truth tests in Chapter 3 if you don't recall why). Since real program requirements may call for either behavior, we won't pick a winner here.
| I l@ve RuBoard |


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CON AIR A film review by Michael John Legeros Copyright 1997 Michael John Legeros
(Hollywood) Directed by Simon West Written by Scott Rosenberg Cast Nicolas Cage, John Cusack, John Malkovich, Ving Rhames, Steve Buscemi, Mykelti Williamson, Rachel Ticotin, Colm Meaney MPAA Rating "R" (presumably for violence and profanity) Running Time 115 minutes Reviewed at General Cinemas at Pleasant Valley, Raleigh, NC (02JUN97)
==
CON AIR, the latest testosterone poisoner from late Don Simpson producing partner Jerry Bruckheimer, starring Nicholas Cage as the lone good-guy bad guy aboard a hijacked prison plane, may not be the worst movie of the year-- it's too entertaining to be called that-- but it is an exhausting failure, nonetheless. Bad Choices abound, from editing to story structure to Cage's accent, which renders the hair-extended hero sounding like a cross between the King and Hi, his character from RAIS- ING ARIZONA. (Cage's comment on a car, hanging from the ass-end of a plane: "Awhn any other day, this maht seem strange." Thankyouverymuch.) Call it wrongway filmmaking at its finest, CON AIR is as jaw-dropping awful as last summer's MISSION: IMPOSSIBLE. And, I believe, even more fun. For every preposterous plot point, for every momentum-sapping sidetrack, for every hundredth slow-mo shot of something exploding, there's a huge laugh lurking right around the corner, be it from one of a dozen scene-stealing villains, to one of a dozen vehicular collisions, to one of a (double) dozen fall-out-of-your-seat-funny one-liners. And I haven't even mentioned the theme from A SUMMER PLACE. Bad movies should be so much fun.
Grade: D+
--
Mike Legeros - Movie Hell http://www.nonvirtual.com/hell/
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FATHER OF THE BRIDE A film review by Mark R. Leeper Copyright 1991 Mark R. Leeper
Capsule review: Mix two parts wedding-planning comedy, two parts sweet sentiment, and one part slapstick comedy, and you get a sugary, light holiday confection. Steve Martin gives away his daughter and a lot of money at the same time. An enjoyable family film. Rating: +1 (-4 to +4).
Steve Martin, who showed us the hopes and fears of being a father of younger children in PARENTHOOD is continuing on that theme with an older daughter in his update of 1950's FATHER OF THE BRIDE. He has inherited Spencer Tracy's philosophizing but little of Tracy's dignity. This is a film that pulls in at least three different directions at once as if it just was not sure what it wanted to be when it grew up. It tries first and foremost to be a touching sentimental story of a father coming to terms with the loss to another man of a daughter whom he loves very much. At the same time it wants to be a sort of MR. BLANDINGS BUILDS HIS DREAM HOUSE for weddings--a film about a simple man discovering how complex and expensive it is today to put together a wedding. Then Steve Martin's roots are in physical and slapstick comedy, so this comedy pulls in that direction also. The film simply does not work as all three and the physical comedy is certainly what should have been cut.
The story is simple enough to be called trite. George Banks (played by Steve Martin) talking to the camera tells about his daughter's wedding which has just taken place and about the five months since his daughter (played by Kimberly Williams) returned from Rome and announced she had fallen in love and intended to get married. Martin reacts with anger and with distrust of his daughter's choice (played by George Newbern). We follow the parents to their first meeting with their daughter's future in-laws. George turns this meeting into an embarrassment big enough to last a lifetime.
Then there are the wedding arrangements themselves. All arrangements are made through the services of Franck (played by Martin Short), a somewhat swishy European with an impenetrable accent. (I rather hope this film does not get shown in China. The average Chinese does not earn enough in eight months to pay the per-guest cost of this wedding.) There are hassles over cost; there is the obligatory lovers' tiff. There are wedding preparations. Then the wedding begins and the film loses almost all of its humor and turns to sentiment so thick you can cut it with a knife.
Between FATHER OF THE BRIDE and BEAUTY AND THE BEAST, it seems that Disney is banking very heavily on sentiment this Christmas-time. But the characters in FATHER OF THE BRIDE are cartoonish and two-dimensional. The real humanity is in the characters in BEAUTY AND THE BEAST. Steve Martin and Diane Keaton make a likable married couple in the live-action film, but they do not have much human complexity. Kimberly Williams, as their daughter, is certainly attractive and is as sensual playing basketball as Nastassia Kinski is dancing. But this Christmas film is like a chocolate Easter egg. It is sugary sweet around the outside and very light because it is really hollow. It is worth seeing once. I rate it a +1 on the -4 to +4 scale.
Mark R. Leeper att!mtgzy!leeper<EMAIL_ADDRESS>.
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