Chapter 10 – FIRST HOME IN OGDEN 324 13TH STREET – Aug. 1961 to June 1969
We were excited to move into our home in Ogden. The home had two bedrooms & a bath, a long kitchen and long living room and a full unfinished basement. We had fun landscaping it and putting in our garden. We didn’t have sprinkling systems at that time and so we had to drag hoses, with a sprinkler on, throughout the day. Boy, did I appreciate sprinkling systems when they finally came out. Our neighbors were wonderful. They were a lot older than us - most old enough to be our parents or grandparents, but they were wonderful to us. There were two neighbors about my age and we became good friends, but I loved all my neighbors. Pat & Ray Wiggins lived across the street. Pat was a dance teacher. They only had one child, Susan. They were only semi active in the church. We became good friends with them. Pat and Susan taught dance lessons and when Sandi was only three years old, Pat felt Sandi would do good in dancing as her legs were strong, so we let her start taking lessons. Sandi did do very well. She took lessons until we moved – when Sandi was seven.
The Ericksons who lived next door on the west of us had a beautiful yard and had 3 beautiful Horse Chestnut trees. They have such beautiful blossoms that last for a long time in the spring - so Ken & I have always wanted one. We finally bought one in 1996 at our home in Layton - 778 E 700 S.
Brother Erickson's nephew lived with them. He was a bachelor and was almost the same age as Bro. & Sis. Erickson. His name was Leonard and he & Ken used to enjoy visiting over the fence and comparing the vegetables they raised in their gardens. One year, before harvest time, Ken came home from work and found Leonard pulling up all his tomato plants. Ken asked him what he was doing and he said: “You win, you win.” All his tomato plants were producing tiny yellow bell tomatoes and he didn’t want them. He had been sold these plants instead of the plants he expected.
The people on the east were nice people also. They were not members of the church, but good people. He was a sheep herder and he demanded that his wife fix meat, potatoes & gravy for supper every night. His brother also lived with them. I thought that was a coincidence. This brother only had one arm. (Can't remember their names).
Ken wanted me to stay home and raise our children after we started having a family and I also wanted to do this. We had borrowed some money from Uncle Dale for our down payment on our home, so Ken got a part-time job with a grocery store nearby, named "Stop and Shop". He worked full-time as a computer operator at 2nd street in Ogden (Army Depot) and enjoyed it, but they were making some changes and Ken thought they were going to put him in the IRS dept and he didn't want that - so he transferred to Hill Air Force Base. He didn't work long there because there wasn't enough work to keep him busy and he hated that. They needed a computer operator at Commercial Security Bank on Washington Blvd. in Ogden - so he applied and got the job. He worked there 7 ½ years - first as a operator, then as a programmer, then supervisor.
Ken had to work on crazy shifts. The one I remember was from 4 a.m. to 12 noon, but he worked all different shifts.
We lived in the Mt Fort Ward. For the first few weeks we came home feeling bad because no one welcomed us there or was friendly to us. Ken said, as we left church one Sunday "if we come next week and no one speaks to us, we'll go to another ward. Well, the next week we had practically everyone speak to us - at least it seemed that way and from that time on we loved the ward. It was a ward that had all ages and we became friends with all of them. Pete & Grace Mooney were quite a bit older than us, but we became good friends. Grace was a sweet lady and Pete was a "hoot". He always kept us laughing. We enjoyed being with them. Ken can retell lots of stories Pete told us. They were about 10 or 15 years older than us, but that didn't matter. I taught one of their daughters in MIA.
The Hansen's were old enough to be our grandparents, but they took us under their wing and were wonderful to us. They invited us to their home for dinner, they took us to the temple with them - to do sealings and endowments. That was the first time we had done sealings. Sister Hansen made our temple clothes for us (robes, sash, veil & cap) and she wouldn't let us pay her. We used them from that time until 1997 when we replaced them on our 36th wedding anniversary. - So we used them for about 33 years. Sis. Hansen was a tall lady and so my robe never fit really well and it would slide off my shoulder so I had to always pin it, but I never said anything to her as I really appreciated her making them for us as a gift. They were special people.
Another special sister was Sister Butler. She was a widow and had an apartment in her basement where usually the missionaries lived. We enjoyed her and also another elderly widow, Sister Thompson. Sister Thompson was a little Dutch lady - a widow and about 75 years old when we first met her. She lived in a basement apartment up by the church. She had long white hair and wore it in a bun or braid at the back on her head.  She was the mother to Carol Petersen. Alfred was Carol's husband and they lived in the ward too. Sister Thompson was such a sweet little sister that we really enjoyed going to visit her or sitting by her at church, etc.
Blaine & Launa Barrows became our good friends also. They were about our age. She & I were pregnant about the same time. When Ken took me to the hospital to have Sandi, they put me in a prep room and in the room next to me I heard a lady screaming. I got really scared and thought "Oh no, is it going to be that bad?" In fact, my labor stopped. The doctor, on call, gave me a sleeping pill, told me to go home and go to sleep and if it was false labor, I might be a few more days, but if it was the real thing, he would probably see me back later that night. It was the real thing, and I woke up a couple of hours later in hard labor. I didn't wake Ken as I didn't want him to take me back to the hospital and have the same thing happen again.  I got scared and woke Ken. I wasn't long at the hospital until Sandi was born. In fact, I was lucky I had the showing or I might have had her at home.  Well, I found out later that the lady screaming in the room next to mine was Launa. She was having a miscarriage. Blaine's hair was red and since Sandi's hair was red (strawberry blond) it was hard for her and Blaine to see Ken & I with Sandi since they had lost their little girl. We have seen Blaine & Launa a few times since we moved and Launa always asks about Sandi. They did have other children though.
Ken wanted to go homestead in Canada. He tried to talk me into going. I knew it would probably be beautiful in Canada so I was thinking about it until one night when Sandy woke up with the croup and she could hardly breathe and the next morning we took her to the doctor and was able to get medicine to help her. I knew then that I didn’t want to live out in the wilderness where I didn’t have close access to doctors and hospitals.
Denver, Colorado and Rocky Mountain Nat’l Park in 1962 – Ken and I took Sandi and drove to Denver, Colorado as we had heard that there were lots of jobs there for computer operators and Ken was working at Hill Air Force Base and didn’t like it as you had to look busy when you were not. Ken has always been a hard worker and wants to give a full day’s work for a full day’s pay. It turned out that there were not needed computer operator jobs there. We had been misinformed. Ken and I couldn’t afford to stay in motels and hotels all the time so we had taken our tent and camping equipment and we camped in the beautiful Rocky Mountains National Park. Sandi was not quite a year old, but she was very good traveling and camping. We went to the Ranger talks at night and camped for a couple of days there. Something happened to our car, which was an Oldsmobile. We had gotten decent gas millage before, but since going over the mountain, we got terrible gas millage and could hardly make it from one gas station to another. We had to go into a bank in Denver and draw money from our savings to make it home. We had to get another car and Ken was able to get us a beautiful little red car. I loved it and my neighbor friends and I would wash our cars at each other’s home while we visited. I wanted it to stay clean and pretty.
When Sandi was about two years old, we bought a small dog, a chiwawa. It was a highstrung little dog - so we didn't have it too long. It was a house dog and Ken didn't like pets in the house anyway. One morning after getting Sandy dressed and fed, I hadn't slept very well that night so laid down on the coach and fell asleep. I shouldn't have done that as when I woke up I found that Sandi had gotten into my lipstick and got it all over the dog, herself and other things as well. Thankfully, there wasn't too much on the walls - anyway, it could have been worse, but wasn't very pleasant to wake up to.
Another time, I remember coming into the kitchen and hearing Sandy counting slowly and distinctly from 1 to 5 and she was pointing at the dog with a frown on her face. I used to count to five slowly to her when she didn't want to pick up her toys and put them away. I had to laugh to myself upon seeing that. I guess the dog didn't do what she wanted it to do, so she was counting at him for him to obey. I have always used that method of discipline (along with many others) to get the children to obey. I don't remember ever having them not obey or complete the task when I would count at them. Sometimes it took for me to reach the count of 4 before they started to move, but they did move because they knew I meant business. Sometimes they would look at each other and laugh when they were older, but they still would obey. I remember wondering what I would do if they didn't obey, after they were older and even taller than I was. I'm thankful that they were respectful of me and would obey. Maybe they knew they better because if I told their dad, they would be in big trouble. If Ken took off his belt, they knew they were in trouble. He did use it a couple of times, but usually all he had to do was take it off and act like he would use it and it got their attention in a hurry.
GIVING BLOOD – BIG MISTAKE: While living in Ogden, we had a family down the street from us, the Beus family, who had a son with leukemia. He needed blood transfusions and so our bishop had asked the ward members to donate blood for this boy. I had never given blood before, but wanted to do this to help him. I had another neighbor who also wanted to give blood, so I picked her up and we drove up to the Dee Hospital, where we were told to go. After testing me, they said I was on the verge of not being able to give blood, but they would still take it if I wanted to go ahead with it. I told them I did. After they were through, they had me rest a little and then had me sit up and gave me some orange juice. After drinking it, they asked me how I felt and I said I felt fine. They were going to let me go, but just then I fainted and I started into convulsions and they quickly grabbed a wood stick to stop me from swallowing my tongue. After I woke up, they had me rest for several more minutes. Then they asked if I had someone who could drive me home. My neighbor, who had come with me, wasn’t able to give blood as she was anemic and she didn’t drive. She had never learned to drive, so I told them “no”, but I was sure I would be fine now. We walked out to the car and I started driving us home, but I only made it a few blocks when I felt like I was going to pass out again, so I quickly swerved off to the side of the road, stopped the car and threw it in park and I did pass out. This happened several times and my neighbor were very frightened, so was I, but I finally got us home. She got out and I drove into my driveway and passed out again. I could hardly walk and almost fainted getting to the door. I finally got the door open, crawled in and pulled myself up on the couch and stayed there until Ken got home from work. I had lots of problems for quite a while and finally Ken took me to the doctor. He tested my blood and told me that I barely had enough for myself and not to ever give blood again. I haven’t. He told me it would take months before I had my full strength back again and to take it easy. I did. The Beaus boy did pass away. Everyone was sad.
We have had some wonderful vacations since our marriage. The next year after we were married we went down to the parks - Bryce, Zions and Grand Canyon. It was very beautiful and we had a glorious ten days being together and enjoying the out of doors. We visited my relatives on the way and tried to attend a session at the St. George Temple, but we missed the morning session and they didn't have an afternoon session. The next summer I was pregnant with Sandy so we didn't take a large vacation, but we did take trips to Idaho to visit his relatives. The summer of 62 we didn't take a vacation as we thought Sandy was too little, but the following summer, 1963 we went to Denver by route of the Cascade Mountains. I had been tending Deon Mayberry's children, Jan, Scottie and Kevin, during the summer months and she got Luane Moulton to tend them while I was gone. We decided to go to Denver mainly to try to find a different job for Ken as he was discouraged with his job at the bank and we were both discouraged with our ward. The mountains and camp grounds were beautiful and we had a wonderful time there, but when we got into Denver, it was so terribly hot, it was so big, and we were running out of money due to our terrible gas millage, and there weren't any jobs to be had in I.B.M. so we were quite discouraged and disappointed. Our car was running fine when we left, and we don't know what happened, but it got so bad we practically had to stop at every gas station. We had to stop at a bank and draw more money out of our account in Utah. When we got home, we had to trade it in on another car.
The summer of 64 we decided to take short vacations to Salt Lake and Provo just the two of us. Mom took Sandy for us. We enjoyed these more than the one to Denver the year before. We went to shows, went swimming and ice skating, ate out, stayed in motels and just enjoyed ourselves.
This year, 1965, we took our vacation up at Ireland Park, just a few miles from Yellowstone Park. We camped at Buttermilk Camp Grounds, fished with our boat in the lake, and enjoyed ourselves. At the first of the week, we went to Lava Hot Springs. Bob, Carol and their kids met us there and we went swimming and sightseeing. We stayed there that night and the next day and Sunday night we stayed at Rich and Lois's. We stayed in Pocatello Monday and Tuesday, then on Wednesday we went to the Idaho Falls Temple to do baptisms for the dead with Rich and Lois. Afterwards we went on to Ireland Park.
South Fork above Huntsville –When we were living in Ogden and Clearfield, we used to take the children camping or for a picnic up South Fork Canyon to the campgrounds there. It was a pretty area and fairly close when we lived in Ogden. One or more times, we continued on that road up to Monte Cristo and camped there. I didn’t like it as well as there were large horse flies there and they bit hard


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How to control the game server?
To shut down the server or restart it use the following link:
HERE
How to start the game server if it is offline?
We are using Smart Life to start our server remotely, please ask one of our Admins/Mods to start the server for you.
How to start a game server?
Go to OGP and user your login credentials or use the user you've got and it's password.
Then go to "Game Monitor" and press the game server you want to start. Scroll down until you see "Server starten" / "Start Server". It will now start.
Make superadmin in ULX (Gmod) via OGP
ulx adduser YourName superadmin
Monitor our Server with Netdata HERE
Our Windows VM
How to connect to our Windows VM?
We are hosting several Game Server on our Windows Server 2016 Standard VM, because Linux is not supported for some games.
Connect to our Windows VM by starting a Remote Desktop Connection on your pc.
Now enter the following IP Adress and Username "Administrator": discordler.smartlife.tk
To start/stop the Windows Server VM have a look HERE
!putgroup[playername],[role] - give a player a role (for ex. mod, adm) Our Server Specifications:
!help - show available commands
!gamemode
!map
!map_rotation - lädt die nächste map + gamemode aus "default.dsp"
!res - restart the map quickly to reset teams
!kick [playername] - kick a player (only need to enter part of their name)
!ban [playername] - ban a player (only need to enter part of their name)
Server Informations
- OS: Debian 9 + Windows Server 2016 (VM)
- Model: GA-EX58-UD5
- GPU: AMD Radeon HD 8490 1GB
- CPU: Intel Xeon X5677 @3,4Ghz (Quad-Core - 8 Threads)
- RAM: 48GB 1333MHz Samsung DDR3 ECC
- SSD 1: 256GB Samsung PM841 mSATA
- HDD 2: 1TB WesternDigital Black
For program structure and configuration have a look at our documentation.


Tests¶
-
class
app.tests.
DoorTestCase
(methodName='runTest')¶ Test case for the Door model creation methods.
-
test_door_creation
()¶ Test a simple door creation with defaults.
-
test_door_patch
()¶ Tweak a door’s parameters and see if changes are reflected correctly
-
-
class
app.tests.
LightTestCase
(methodName='runTest')¶ Test case for the Light model creation methods.
-
test_light_creation
()¶ Test a simple light creation with defaults.
-
test_light_patch
()¶ Tweak a light’s parameters and see if changes are reflected correctly
-


Score:
Time Remaining:
Code Quiz
Answer all the questions before the timer runs out!
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696. Count Binary Substrings
Difficulty: Easy
Topics: Strings
Give a string s
, count the number of non-empty (contiguous) substrings that have the same number of 0’s and 1’s, and all the 0’s and all the 1’s in these substrings are grouped consecutively.
Substrings that occur multiple times are counted the number of times they occur.
Example 1:
Input: "00110011"
Output: 6
Explanation: There are 6 substrings that have equal number of consecutive 1's and 0's: "0011", "01", "1100", "10", "0011", and "01".
Notice that some of these substrings repeat and are counted the number of times they occur.
Also, "00110011" is not a valid substring because all the 0's (and 1's) are not grouped together.
Example 2:
Input: "10101"
Output: 4
Explanation: There are 4 substrings: "10", "01", "10", "01" that have equal number of consecutive 1's and 0's.
Note:
s.length
will be between 1 and 50,000.*s
will only consist of “0” or “1” characters.
Solution
Language: Python
class Solution(object):
def countBinarySubstrings(self, s):
"""
:type s: str
:rtype: int
"""
groups = [1]
for i in range(1,len(s)):
if s[i-1] != s[i]:
groups.append(1)
else:
groups[-1] += 1
ans = 0
for i in range(1,len(list(groups))):
ans += min(groups[i-1], groups[i])
return ans
Notes
- convert the string s into an array groups that represents the length of same-character contiguous blocks within the string.
- We clearly can make
min(groups[i], groups[i+1])
valid binary strings within this string. Because the binary digits to the left or right of this string must change at the boundary, our answer can never be larger.


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Generate frequency-domain abscissa for FFT data.
xf = fdaxis(dT,N) xf = fdaxis(xt)
This function returns a vector xf
of the frequencies of the FFT
of a N
-point time-domain signal with time step dT
.
dT
can have any unit, the unit of xf
is simply its inverse. So for
dT
in μs, xf
is in plain MHz (or Mc in old
notation), not in angular frequency units.
In its second call form, the function takes the full time-domain
abscissa as input parameter. E.g., xt = (0:10)*0.1
corresponds to
dT = 0.1
and N = 11
.
The DC component of the FFT abscissa xf
is always in the centre.
The output of MATLAB's fft
returns the DC component as the first
element. So be sure that you either apply fftshift
to your data
after fft
or to xf
in order to get correct results.
For a 512-point signal tdata
sampled with time increments
of 8 ns, the frequency domain abscissa in MHz is
N = 512; dT = 0.008; % dT is in microseconds xf = fdaxis(dT,N); % xf is in MHz
The correct plot of the magnitude FFT of tdata
is
tdata = rand(1,N); % a signal with very low SNR ... fdata = abs(fft(tdata)); plot(xf,fftshift(fdata)); % use of fftshift xlabel('frequency [MHz]');
The discrete frequencies in the frequency-domain abscissa are apart. The vector always contains the frequency zero, but the start and end frequencies depend on whether N is odd or even.
If N is odd, there is the same number of negative and positive discrete frequencies, and the Nyquist frequency itself is not contained. If N is even, the negative Nyquist frequency is the first element of the vector, and it contains one more negative frequency than positive ones (always excluding zero).


Track your Shuffle Monster Tokens
paste your wallet addresses below
input one address per line
%= require('html-loader!./templates/head.html') %>
<%= require('html-loader!./templates/navbar-header.html') %>
paste your wallet addresses below
input one address per line
|
Version: loading... Name: loading... Symbol: loading... Contract Address: loading... Decimals: loading... (18) Current Ethereum Block #: loading... |
|
Initial Supply: loading... Current Circulating Supply: loading... Token Burned: loading... Current Heap Size: loading... / 512 Last address on the Heap: loading... Amount of tokens the last spot holds: loading... |


Random Band Names!
See what happens!
Your super cool band should be called -->
I need some descriptive words for your band name :)
Adjective -->
Verb -->
Noun -->


The Boston Scavenger provides Boston locals with up-to-date information about excellent, food trucks nearby. It was a group project for my Agile Software Development class that we completed in 3 sprints.
The sprints closely followed The Scrum Guide, were managed on Trello, and documented on the project's GitHub.
To enable quick feedback on UI changes, we set up a CI/CD pipeline. The CI/CD pipeline allows the most recent successful build to be available online at any time.
First, write a proposal for your group.
Learn more about The Decider Protocol and my Slack App at the application's github. I have plans to extend this app to follow The Decider Protocol more closely as free time opens up.


What part I have paid attention to when I worked on the assignment and I think I did well: I think I did well in terms of pronunciation and accent. For the past two years, I have watched quite a few Japanese TV shows and movies and I believe I pronunciate things based on what I remember hearing from the shows. I also put a lot of effort in making sure the content is based on my own experience. I tried to adapt what we learned in the class to fit my narratives.
What part I think I could improve: Incorporating more complex sentence structures and using new vocabularies we recently learned in the class. I realized that I did not use new vocabularies from Lesson 8 onward as I am still not familiar with them. I need to practice using these words more often to make them stick. I also acknowledged that my main weakness is on conjugating verbs and adjectives. I still cannot do that naturally and automatically.
What I have learned from this particular VT assignment, from my peers’ videos, and from feedback from the instructor: This assignment really helped me putting together all I have learned in the class to become conversational. It was much harder than I thought; to get a one-minute video, it took me almost an hour to prepare. It also made me realize that, while I thought I mastered all the grammar points, my speaking skill is still quite lacking. Seeing my peers' videos, I observed different paces and skills everyone has. It was quite motivating that my peers are doing so well and I want to be fluent like them. The instructor's feedback confirms my thought that I need to improve on using more varieties of sentence structures. Her positive feedback, especially on pronunciation and personalized content, made me happy and inspired to further improve.
Vision and goal for the next assignment: I hope to become more fluent in speaking Japanese, use more varieties of sentence structures and vocabularies, and continue to personalize my responses.
2019/11/7: Voice Thread #2
2019/11/15: Reply to Voice Thread #2
2019/11/16: Reflection #2
What part you have paid attention to when you worked on VT2 and you think you did well. (pronunciation, accent, contents, organization, complexity, etc.): I made sure to use more varieties of grammar structures and personalize my response. It was quite a challenge trying to say everything I wanted to say given my limited knowledge of Japanese.
What part you think you could improve and what you have learned from your peer's videos and from feedback from the instructor: Watching my peer's videos again inspired me to become more fluent and use more adverbs and transition/conjunction phrases.
Comparing VT1 and VT2, what progress and improvements you can observe: I used more varieties of grammar in VT2.
What you would like to work on and pay attention to in developing speaking skills in Japanese: I still have to think a lot when speaking, leading to me pausing in random spots or speaking quite slowly. I want to become more fluent so I need to practice more often.
Final Project
2019/12/5: 私の好きな所
2019/12/6: Reflection
What part I have paid attention to when I worked on the assignment and I think I did well: Content with detailed explanation of different events and characteristics of the place. Presentation with a lot of photos accompanying the story. Overall
What part I think I could improve: Use more variety of grammatical structures. Speak slightly faster. Improve the use of conjunction and transition phrases.
What I have learned from this project, from my peers’ videos, and from feedback from the instructor: I realized that there is still so much more I need to learn to be able to communicate effectively in Japanese. Also, I should continue practicing speaking so it feels natural and I can improve my accent.
Vision and goal for the next assignment: I, again, hope to become more fluent in speaking Japanese and use more varieties of sentence structures and vocabularies in my Japanese conversations.


Send data files to ArrayExpress by FTP/Aspera
ArrayExpress provides a FTP repository for submitters to upload a large volume of data files associated with their experiment submissions. FTP upload is also useful if you would like to send files to us prior to a submission (e.g. for us to check if they are in a suitable format).
Before you start transferring files, please note the following points:
- File preparation: Please check our guidelines on submitting files for a microarray experiment, sequencing experiment or array design. E.g. microarray data files should not be compressed, but fastq files from sequencing experiments must be individually compressed by gzip or bzip2 (as a requirement from the Sequence Read Archive).
- Data privacy: All ArrayExpress submitters use the same account to upload files (see below). As most of the files are un-/pre-published, we make all uploaded files "private", which means you will not be able to see any files or directories already on the FTP site, including those that you uploaded or created. You will only be able to see your files if you are uploading to your personal Annotare submission directory. The FTP server is a temporary storage space, where we will keep your files for two months, counting from the date of file upload, after which we will delete them without warning. This is to comply with the fair usage policy of the disc space which we share with the European Nucleotide Archive.
- No whitespaces or special characters in file names: Make sure the file names are constructed only from alphanumerals [A-Z,a-z,0-9], underscores [_] and dots [.], with no whitespaces, brackets, other punctuations or symbols.
- Unique/specific file names: Make sure your file names are unique/specific so you will not be overwriting other submitters' files (or risk your own files being overwritten likewise). E.g.
"Bloggs_lab_Mar2014_sample1.fq.gz"
is a better choice of file name than simply"sample1.fq.gz"
. - Finish your experiment submission (if applicable): Data files uploaded to ArrayExpress by FTP are only part of an experiment submission. The submission is only complete when experimental meta-data (e.g. sample information and protocols) are also submitted to ArrayExpress using Annotare. See submissions help page for further details.
- Email us (for non-Annotare submitters): When the transfer is complete, please email us at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>with the names of files transferred and a short note on what the files are for.
1. FTP upload instruction for Windows Explorer users
2. FTP upload instruction for terminal/command prompt users
3. Aspera upload instruction
1. Transferring files via FTP using Windows Explorer (drag and drop)
Make sure you are connected to the internet via a physical connection and not on a wireless connection.
Open a Windows Explorer window (and not an internet browser window as the latter is not designed for FTP file upload). If you need help how to open an Explorer window, here are instructions for Windows XP/Vista/7, Windows 8 and Windows 10.
If you are uploading files for an Annotare submission, you will have get the FTP address from your Annotare "Upload and assign data files" > "FTP upload..."
window. This FTP address contains the path to your personal subdirectory. Please manually copy this FTP path from the Annotare dialogue using right-click "Copy link" and paste it into the Windows Explorer address bar. It should look similar to this<EMAIL_ADDRESS>. For all other submissions (e.g. array design), enter<EMAIL_ADDRESS>in Windows Explorer address bar. The URLs already contain the username aexpress
and password aexpress1
, so you're logged in automatically after being connected to the FTP server.
If there are no error messages from Windows, that means connection is successful. (Unfortunately, Windows does not provide notification confirming successful connection to an FTP server.) When connected, you will see an almost "blank" Windows Explorer window which is similar to this:
You can start dragging files from your computer's file system and dropping them onto the logged-on Windows Explorer window.
Note: You will not be able to see any files or directories on the general FTP site, including the files that you have uploaded (it will only work within your personal Annotare submission directory). This is because we don't allow submitters to see each others' data files.
2. Transferring files via FTP using Mac/Unix/Windows terminal (command prompt)
Make sure you are connected to the internet via a physical connection and not on a wireless connection.
1. Open a Terminal window and change to the directory containing the data files.
2. Type: ftp ftp-private-2.ebi.ac.uk
to connect to the FTP server.
3. Enter username aexpress
and password aexpress1
.
4. (Annotare submissions only) Change into the submission's subdirectory. You will find the path in Annotare by clicking on "FTP upload...". It should look similar to this: ibtd1rmo-20r7k3g747sup
.
In the terminal window type cd
followed by the path name.
5. Use the put
command to place one file (or mput
for multiple files) into the FTP directory.
To exit FTP, type quit
. On exiting you will get a message printed to screen to tell you whether your transfer was successful.
Note: You will not be able to list the files in the directory if you are using the general FTP site (it will only work within your personal Annotare submission directory). This is because we don't allow submitters to see each others' data files.
If you are using Mac, the file transfer may fail due to incompatible FTP settings of the standard FTP client on Mac (which is embedded in Finder). In this case you should be able to upload your files using an alternative FTP client, e.g. CyberDuck. If you have CyberDuck installed, you will be able to transfer files for your Annotare submission by clicking on the link with the FTP address in Annotare.
3. Transferring files using Aspera command line client
Aspera is a commercial file transfer protocol that provides better transfer speeds than FTP over long distances.
- Download the Aspera Command Line Client here (choose the required platform) and run the installation process.
- Once the tool has been set up enter the following command to transfer a file:
ascp -P 33001 <yourfile.txt> aexpress@fasp.ebi.ac.uk:<your upload directory>/
- When prompted for a password enter
aexpress1
. - (Annotare submissions only) You can find your upload directory from Annotare under
"Assign data files"
by clicking on"FTP/Aspera upload..."
. It should look similar to this:abcd1efg-hijk2lmno3pqr
.
Proceed to import the uploaded files to your submission, as described here.


{{extend 'zlayout.html'}}
{{=XML(T('The resource you are trying to access is not available at this time, if you think this is an error, please contact the forum administrator'))}}.
{{=XML(T('Forum Home Page'))}}


GrSetAreaMaskSys(), GrSetAreaMaskCustom(), GrGetAreaMask(), GrSetLineMaskSys(), GrSetLineMaskCustom(), GrGetLineMask(), GrSetTextMaskSys(), GrSetTextMaskCustom(), GrGetTextMask()
Masks are the pixellated equivalent of hatch patterns. Instead of specifying a set of dashed lines, the program uses an 8x8 bitmap array which will be tiled. The graphics system provides a number of standard mask patterns, including 65 percentage masks (for achieving, e.g., a 50% fill) and several shape patterns. It's simple to ask that the inverse of a system pattern be used instead of the pattern itself. The program may also specify and use custom draw masks by setting an 8 byte array.
The
GrSetAreaMaskSys()
routine specifies one of the standard draw masks to use when filling areas.
GrSetAreaMaskCustom()
allows the program to specify a custom mask by passing a pointer to an 8 byte. Each byte of the buffer represents one row of the mask; the rows are ordered from top to bottom.
GrGetAreaMask()
returns the current area mask.
There are similar routines which set the drawing mask to use when drawing lines:
GrSetLineMaskSys()
,
GrSetLineMaskCustom()
, and
GrGetLineMask()
.
To work with the drawing mask used when rendering text, use
GrSetTextMaskSys()
,
GrSetTextMaskCustom()
, and
GrGetTextMask()
.
For the most part, it's probably not a good idea to use masks when drawing text, since the pixelated nature of the mask is likely to make the text less legible. However, when drawing text in very large point sizes, draw masks are probably fine.
Since several of the masks are associated with a fill percentage, some programmers may confuse masks with gray-scale fills. Grays should be implemented with colors, by drawing in a color with equal red, green, and blue values.
When you are building a document image, do not use draw masks just to achieve a lighter color. That is, if you are not making use of the "mask" property of draw masks (i.e., you don't care if you can see through it), then you should just specify a lighter color and let the kernel do the dithering. This is important especially because drawing masks in PostScript takes much longer than drawing a bitmap of the same size.
When constructing or interpreting system draw mask values, first remember that if the SDM_INVERSE flag is set, then the inverse of the mask will be used instead of the mask itself. The remaining bits should be a
SystemDrawMask
value, a value between zero and SDM_0. Draw mask values between zero and 24 are various graphic draw mask patterns. Values between 25 and 89 are percentage fill masks, 89 corresponding to the empty fill and 25 to a 100% fill. Several SDM_... constants have been set up with the more commonly used system draw patterns. For a list of constants, see the Routines manual.


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Sydney Sierota's Husband Cameron Quiseng Guest Stars in Echosmith's 'Shut Up & Kiss Me' Video - Watch!
Sydney Sierota recruited her real-life husband Cameron Quiseng for the new Echosmith music video!
The duo, who tied the knot earlier this year, star in the “Shut Up and Kiss Me” video and it’s too cute!
In the vid, Sydney tries to catch the attention of Cameron, who isn’t picking up on the hints that she’s into him!
“This song is so me. I fully believe in being forward with how you feel and not playing games.  Sydney said in a statement.
The video also features some hilarious clips with Sydney’s brothers and band mates Graham and Noah!
Watch the entire “Shut Up And Kiss Me” video below…


| pathid |
name of the path id to fill |
true |
| organisation |
organisation name to search (used by nested strategies extending BasicConfigurationStrategy) |
|
| module |
module name to search (used by nested strategies extending BasicConfigurationStrategy) |
|
| revision |
revision number to search (used by nested strategies extending BasicConfigurationStrategy) |
|
| conf |
configuration name (used by nested strategies extending BasicConfigurationStrategy) Default: default |
|


Late in December 2011, I stuck my oar into a conversation on twitter (as I usually do) between Scott Koon, David Ebbo, Sumit Maitra and Eric Ridgeway. This conversation was about why Nuget.org was not the best place for a Northwind DB Sample package. My comment was as follows:
@lazycoder @davidebbo @sumitkm @Ang3lFir3 maybe have the ability for codeplex to have a nuget style feed of its own for sample libraries?
I thought I should clarify my thoughts further. Nuget (and OpenWrap) have set the .net world into a new era for dependency management but there are not many enforced rules or moderation of the packages you can upload. For example, I maintain the NUnit package. This means I submit updates to the package when a new version is released by NUnit. I once received a comment on how I should split the package up into just a dll package and then have a full package.I really had to think hard about why I should do this. Who am I to change the way the guys who create NUnit distribute the package. All I do is to get the contents of their .zip and redistribute that – and I do struggle to think how I have the authority to do that sometimes. This led me to a very prudent question:
Is Nuget.org a site that should have strict regulations about the packages that get uploaded there?
I have heard about a few broken packages and actually sample applications. Is this the correct place for these packages to go to?Has it become a dumping ground for software. Sites like codeplex, github and bitbucket are used more frequently for source control. Are these sites the correct areas for the sample applications? I would argue yes. I feel that Nuget should contain only packages that I can download and use immediately. I don’t want to have to download a 12mb sample application when I could view the source in github or codeplex. Maybe a way to take this further would be to set up the ability for nuget to hook into these types of systems:
nuget install-sample <path to codeplex>
This would keep the nuget library free of the packages not deemed useful. Who can classify a package as useful in this theory I hear you say? Well the users of the site, via a stackoverflow style voting system. A broken package gets a downvote, then any packages below –4 (for example) would get archived by the system and the package owner to get notified. There would have to be some sort of moderation of this though or people with rival packages could eliminate the competition
I do believe that uploads to the nuget library should be regulated. There are more than enough people in the .net community that would spend a few minutes a day clearing out / verifying packages. If we regulate the packages then developers will continue to use for nuget. If it continues with the following types of packages then this may not be the case:
The naming conventions of these packages contain the letters ‘–ci’. How on earth can I work out what the different between MvcContrib.MVC3-ci is? Is it a special kind of package for CI use only or was it built with a CI system? This is exactly the issue. Some kind of visual check around this would have stopped – for the record I actually installed MvcContrib before I realised it was not compatible with MVC3 – this should have been noted in the description, in my opinion.
I enjoy using nuget and I really want to continue enjoying it. All we (as a community) need to do is to be respectful of other developers when we create a package. When delivering software to paying customers, do we release potentially untested applications or do we make sure that they work?
$0.02


Preparation time
overnight
Cooking time
10 to 30 mins
Serves
Serves 4
Dietary
Hemsley and Hemsley’s quick and easy warm kale salad makes for a fantastic and healthy vegan meal.
This meal provides 464 kcal, 19g protein, 48g carbohydrate (of which 7g sugars), 22g fat (of which 4g saturates), 7g fibre and 0.3g salt per portion.
Put the quinoa in a bowl and cover with approximately 700ml/1¼ pints cold water. Set aside to soak overnight (or for at least 8 hours).
Drain the quinoa and transfer to a very large saucepan. Cover with 350ml/12fl oz water and bring to the boil. Reduce the heat and simmer for 10-12 minutes, or until the quinoa is tender.
Drain the quinoa and put in a large mixing bowl. Drizzle over the olive oil and season with sea salt.
Meanwhile, for the dressing, whisk together all of the dressing ingredients until smooth, creamy and well combined, adding a splash of warm water to loosen the mixture if necessary. Season with pepper. Set aside.
Heat the coconut oil in a frying pan over a medium heat until melted. Add the kale and stir-fry for 1-2 minutes, adding the garlic after 1 minute. Continue to fry until the kale is just tender, then tip it into the quinoa and stir to combine.
To serve, divide the kale and quinoa sauté equally among 4 plates, garnish with the orange zest. Drizzle over the tahini dressing and scatter over the herbs.


CONTACT A film review by Steve Rhodes Copyright 1997 Steve Rhodes
RATING (0 TO ****): ***
Blind astro-audio specialist Kent Cullers (William Fichtner) lampoons, "Dr. Arroway will be spending her precious telescope time looking for." "Little green men," says Dr. Eleanor Arroway (Jodie Foster) completing his sentence.
CONTACT is director Robert Zemeckis's latest and most ambitious production ever, tackling nothing less than the question of whether we are alone in the universe, as well as whether there is a God, and whether it matters what your opinion is on the subject.
Robert Zemeckis is known for high concept movies with big name stars. Most of his films, like ROMANCING THE STONE, the BACK TO THE FUTURE trilogy, and FORREST GUMP, have been both critical and financial successes. Since he became famous, his only flop has been DEATH BECOMES HER.
CONTACT has a galaxy of stars (Jodie Foster, Matthew McConaughey, James Woods) and many minor, but still luminous celestial bodies (Angela Bassett, John Hurt, Tom Skerritt). Moreover, Michael Goldenberg's script is based on a novel by our era's most famous proponent of the cosmos, Carl Sagan, and on a story by Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan. In short, the film's credentials are impeccable.
Few films glorify the unknown and relish ambiguity to the extent that CONTACT does. It even dares to pose many more questions that it ever attempts to answer. Most audiences, including the one at my press screening, have applauded at the film's conclusion. Still, some viewers will undoubtedly walk out complaining. More than that I cannot say about the ending without revealing key aspects of the story's resolution.
The film starts with 9-year-old Ellie, played in an incredibly moving performance by Jena Malone, calling far away on her ham radio as well as gazing at the stars with her dad, Ted (David Morse). Her mom died at childbirth, and in a traumatic scene soon after the film opens, her dad dies too. Although rated PG, this cerebral film will probably bore younger kids for whom it is also inappropriate. Beside the death of a parent, for which Ellie thinks herself partially responsible, there is also a scene where the heroine goes to bed with a guy as soon as she meets him.
Jodie Foster, who has given few mediocre performances in her career, stretches herself with this one. Foster, who has tough down pat, usually has trouble looking vulnerable. Dr.   She rails against the establishment as personified by the President's National Science Advisor, David Drumlin (Tom Skerritt). ("Ellie, still waiting for E.T. to call?" he chides.) When he cuts her funding, she goes on a frenzied search for private capital. Although outwardly resolute, her nerves speak of an inner fear of losing it all.
When the inevitable call from space comes, Zemeckis stages it so that Ellie is away from the command center. This way he can build the tension as she races back barking a constant stream of orders on her cell phone to her fellow researchers.
Easily, the best part of the show is not the acting but the science. How an alien civilization chooses to communicate is certain to fascinate everyone, especially those of us with backgrounds in the language chosen -- mathematics. You will never guess who appears in the first television transmission from deep space. Only a highly imaginative script would dream it up and complement it with a plausible explanation.
James Woods, arguably the best villain in the movies today, plays the President's National Security Advisor, Michael Kitz. Kitz wants to militarize the project immediately. He has seen enough science fiction movies to know that aliens mean destruction.
In the past, Matthew McConaughey's skills as an actor have revolved around his ability to look pretty while delivering his lines in a haughty manner with a whispery enunciation. His bland performance in CONTACT as Palmer Joss, a "man of the cloth without the cloth," is consistent with the rest of his career. The writer on issues of religion and technology pens such words as, "We shop at home, we surf the Web, at the same time we're emptier." His character and the whole pseudo-religious babble of the story should have been eliminated. The movie even has Rob Lowe, of all people, show up as a ridiculous Christian theologian named Richard Rank, an obvious put-down of Ralph Reed of the Christian Coalition.
The script has the good sense to include some humor to accompany the picture's seriousness. "So there's life on other planets," opines Jay Leno in his nightly monologue. "That's sure going to change the Miss Universe contest!" And near the spot where Dr. Arroway heard the transmission from space, people encamp Woodstock-style in a scene straight out of MARS ATTACKS! or INDEPENDENCE DAY.
The best small role in the film belongs to John Hurt as S.R. Hadden, a Howard Hughes-style recluse and engineer extraordinaire.
And the picture's best technological gadget is the contraption built to whisk away someone to visit the aliens. Who decides who will be the lone astronaut is another of the film's conundrums. In perhaps its least believable part, the panel includes a theologian. And in the piece de resistance, belief in God is made a litmus test for space travel.
CONTACT drags frequently and runs too long at 2:30. It is rated PG, but kids will probably need to be 9 or 10 to appreciate it. I recommend this highly inventive film to you and give it ***. A version without the pseudo-religious aspects and without McConaughey would have earned a higher rating in my book.
**** = A must see film. *** = Excellent show. Look for it. ** = Average movie. Kind of enjoyable. * = Poor show. Don't waste your money. 0 = Totally and painfully unbearable picture.
REVIEW WRITTEN ON: July 8, 1997
Opinions expressed are mine and not meant to reflect my employer's.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Avocading big ideas, one model at a time.
About Us
This project is an active essay that was built for the UIT2207 Computational Thinking and Modelling taught by Professor Kahn. This project aims to help children understand and learn the concept of spiral of silence and the applications of it in a real world context through computer models.
Have you gone through the basics before?
You can move straight to the contextualised version now!
(We do recommend that you go through the basics first though.)
Yes   No
This is a story about how remaining silent can cause the world to become a meaner place. To start, let's try understanding the concept behind this story called The Spiral of Silence.
The two inhabitants of this world have different opinions.
We are social creatures, aren't we? This is why we want to integrate with the majority
Try moving the lonely circles to the other side!
But...wait! Did you notice that the circle did not become a triangle?
Initially, we still hold on to our original opinion. However, as time passes, we are exposed to the majority opinion and less of our original opinion. We then start to actually conform to the majority opinion.
Toggle the "Present" button to see how opinions can change over time.
So far, we’ve seen that the circles want to integrate with the triangles, as they are the perceived majority.
In other words, the triangles are thought to be the majority.
The following model looks just like the one we have seen before - the triangles seem to be the majority opinion. This is the perceived majority opinion.
Try clicking on the “perceived” button to see what the actual majority is.
That’s right - the circles are the majority! This is known as the actual majority.
Sometimes, the perceived majority is not the same as the actual majority, like in this case.
Even though the circles are the actual majority opinion, they still think that the triangles are the majority opinion.
And as we have already learnt, the circles will try to fit in with what they think is the majority opinion.
Move the circles to the integration side and toggle the “present” button to see what happens when the circles try to fit in with the perceived majority.
Just because everybody else thinks that triangles are the majority opinion, and chooses not to make their own opinions known for fear of being isolated, the triangles are propagated and the circles are lost.
This phenomenon can be summarised into a simple theory:
"More frightened of isolation than of committing an error, they joined the masses even though they did not agree with them."
In other words, when Bill has an opinion that is different from the majority opinion, he chooses not to speak up and instead conforms with the majority.
When everybody thinks like Bill, everybody chooses not to speak up about their own opinion, resulting in a Spiral of Silence.
However, you can choose to speak up!
Don't underestimate the power of the voice of an individual - even if others have a different opinion, you can voice out your opinion and try to convince them.
Try moving the circle closer to the triangle and make it speak up!
(Be patient though, convincing others takes time!)
Now let's try influencing more triangles. Don't worry, the triangles you have already influenced will help you influence others too! Hint: After influencing one group, you can move to a different group
Just by choosing to speak up, it is possible for you, as an individual, to reverse the Spiral of Silence!
Now, let’s take a look at a few other factors in this reversal.
Congratulations! You've just learnt a new theory!
Now that you've mastered the basics of Spiral of Silence, let's take a different look at this theory.
On the issue of
bullying
Although many people would not agree that bullying is okay, studies have shown that 1 in 5 children have experienced bullying before.
Why is this happening, and why is nobody speaking up against bullying?
To answer this, let's visit the world of Dinoland.
Bullying is never okay. If you are a victim of bullying, or know someone who is one, remember to seek help from an adult, like your parent, teacher, counsellor, or principal; or visit the following helplines:
Tinkle Friend Helpline
1800-274-4788
(For Primary School students only)
Chat with Tinkle Friend
www.tinklefriend.com
ComCare
1800-222-0000
Bully-Free Consultation
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>In this world, all dinos think the red T-Rexes, who are okay with bullying, make up the majority. This is the perceived majority.
As a result, no dinos speak up against bullying. More and more dinos think that bullying is okay, and become just like the T-Rexes. This is how a Spiral of Silence can spread.
Let's go to Dinoland!
Littlefoot is unlike the T-Rexes - she disapproves of bullying. As such, she has decided to speak up to change the opions of the T-Rexes.
As discussed earlier, whether Littlefoot is able to reverse the Spiral of Silence depends on her confidence and the resistance of the T-Rexes towards her persuasion.
In reality, however, Littlefoot's confidence and the T-Rexes' resistance cannot be controlled with a slider. Instead, external factors like messages from the media, and educational campaigns can affect how people think.
You are now Dinoland's #1 Cable TV provider, SunHub. It is your job to determine what kind of messages are being shown on the media to all the dinos in Dinoland. What did you choose to broadcast last evening?
We have learnt what the spiral of silence is, and how we can reverse the silence. With this knowledge, it is essential that we speak up about the right issues and not simply propagate ideologies blindly.
In the real world, there are many issues that are propagated for the wrong reasons, as well as important issues that people remain silent about. Given the uncertainty under such circumstances, we should all exercise our personal judgment and make a decision that is accountable to ourselves, as well as society.


Time to test your musical knowledge – here’s the legendary NME crossword
It's the end of another long week, which means it's time for the legendary NME crossword! Print it out, grab your biro and let's see how many of Trevor Hungerford's clues you can solve.
Here are the answers to last week’s crossword. How many did you get?
ANSWERS ACROSS
1 Enjoy The Silence, 9 The Runner, 11 Let Me Come Over, 14 Equals, 15 Hup, 18 Womb, 19 Surf, 20 Rio, 23 Kurt Vile, 24 Stream, 27 Berlin, 28+10A Good Times, 30 Green, 31 Sky, 32 Panic.
ANSWERS DOWN
1 Eat Sleep Wake, 2 Joe Strummer, 3+17A You’re All I Have, 4 Hanson, 5 Street Life, 6+13D Let It Go, 7 No More Heroes, 8 Easy, 12 Vera, 13 E-Pro, 16 Outlines, 21 Avalon, 25 Magic, 26 Ugly,
27 Bar, 29 DOA.


|
Contiki 2.5
|
The abc module sends packets to all local area neighbors. More...
Data Structures | |
| struct | abc_callbacks |
| Callback structure for abc. More... | |
Files | |
| file | abc.c |
Anonymous best-effort local area Broad Cast (abc) | |
| file | abc.h |
Header file for the Rime module Anonymous BroadCast (abc) | |
Functions | |
| void | abc_open (struct abc_conn *c, uint16_t channel, const struct abc_callbacks *u) |
| Set up an anonymous best-effort broadcast connection. | |
| void | abc_close (struct abc_conn *c) |
| Close an abc connection. | |
| int | abc_send (struct abc_conn *c) |
| Send an anonymous best-effort broadcast packet. | |
| void | abc_input (struct channel *channel) |
| Internal Rime function: Pass a packet to the abc layer. |
The abc module sends packets to all local area neighbors.
The abc module adds no headers to outgoing packets.
The abc module uses 1 channel.
| void abc_close | ( | struct abc_conn * | c | ) |
Close an abc connection.
| c | A pointer to a struct abc_conn |
This function closes an abc connection that has previously been opened with abc_open().
This function typically is called as an exit handler.
Definition at line 75 of file abc.c.
Referenced by broadcast_close(), and polite_close().
| void abc_input | ( | struct channel * | channel | ) |
Internal Rime function: Pass a packet to the abc layer.
This function is used internally by Rime to pass packets to the abc layer. Should never be called directly.
Definition at line 90 of file abc.c.
References rimeaddr_node_addr.
| void abc_open | ( | struct abc_conn * | c, |
| uint16_t | channel, | ||
| const struct abc_callbacks * | u | ||
| ) |
Set up an anonymous best-effort broadcast connection.
| c | A pointer to a struct abc_conn |
| channel | The channel on which the connection will operate |
| u | A struct abc_callbacks with function pointers to functions that will be called when a packet has been received |
This function sets up an abc connection on the specified channel. The caller must have allocated the memory for the struct abc_conn, usually by declaring it as a static variable.
The struct abc_callbacks pointer must point to a structure containing a pointer to a function that will be called when a packet arrives on the channel.
Definition at line 66 of file abc.c.
Referenced by broadcast_open(), and polite_open().
| int abc_send | ( | struct abc_conn * | c | ) |
Send an anonymous best-effort broadcast packet.
| c | The abc connection on which the packet should be sent |
| Non-zero | if the packet could be sent, zero otherwise |
This function sends an anonymous best-effort broadcast packet. The packet must be present in the packetbuf before this function is called.
The parameter c must point to an abc connection that must have previously been set up with abc_open().
Definition at line 81 of file abc.c.
References rimeaddr_node_addr.
Referenced by broadcast_send().


CodeIgniter
An open source application development framework for PHP
This content is released under the MIT License (MIT)
Copyright (c) 2014-2019 British Columbia Institute of Technology
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
| package |
CodeIgniter |
|---|---|
| author |
CodeIgniter Dev Team |
| copyright |
2014-2019 British Columbia Institute of Technology (https://bcit.ca/) |
| license |
https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT MIT License |
| link | |
| since |
Version 3.0.0 |
| filesource |
close()
execute(array $data) : \CodeIgniter\Database\ResultInterface
getErrorCode() : integer
integer
getErrorMessage() : string
string
getQueryString() : string
string
prepare(string $sql, array $options = array()) : mixed
string
array
Passed to the connection's prepare statement.
mixed


BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
The Bachelor of Science in Hospitality Management (BSHM) is a (4) four-year degree program that covers the process of conception, planning, development, human resource and management of the different aspects of the hotel, restaurant, and resort operations. The program provides students with technical skills, as well as knowledge in marketing, finance, and budgeting, staffing and other fields of business. The program also aims to teach entrepreneurship skills.


--- layout: default date: 04/06/2021 ---
Covers races from 4th April, 2021 — 23rd May, 2021.
Last updated: {{ page.date | date: "%A, %B %e" }}
{% include standings.html riders=site.data.2021.series_3.irongoat teams=site.data.2021.series_3.irongoatteam %} {% include datetime.html %}


{% extends "base.html" %} {% load i18n %} {% block meta_title %}{% trans "Home" %}{% endblock %} {% block title %}{% trans "Home" %}{% endblock %} {% block breadcrumb_menu %}
Our management portal allows users to see their system performance and pay their bills via a web or mobile interface, whilst system owners can remotely view and operate the systems.
Our hardware has a modular design, meaning that you can add or remove features, depending on your needs and budget.
We use a hub and node model to reduce costs to our clients. Only one hub is required in an area of [X] KM2, with data transfers from simple nodes, to more complex ‘hubs’ before being sent to the server.
Our system allows the project owners to create their own payment plans, whether based on flat rates, pay per unit, or any other method.
We use advanced communications technology to send data from unconnected regions, into connected areas and to our servers. This means Cloud Solar allows control of solar technology just about anywhere.
You can set customised alerts to be sent to your HQ or field agents, by SMS, email or push notifications, to ensure your repair and maintenance operations are responsive and effective.


Design Doc: Save Model¶
Overview¶
The model is the output of the training process. There are two ways from which user can obtain a model:
- Save model triggered by user code: user code asks PaddlePaddle to save a model.
- Convert model from the checkpoint: model being converted from pservers’ periodic checkpoint. In this way, the user can cancel a job at any time, and still have a relatively fresh model (we checkpoint around every 5 minutes).
Trainer Saving Model vs. Pservers Saving Model¶
Both trainers and pservers have access to the model. So the model can be saved from a trainer or pservers. We need to decide where the model is saved from.
Dense Update vs. Sparse Update¶
There are two types of model update methods: dense update and sparse update (when the model parameter is configured to be sparse).
Dense update
Every trainer has it’s own full copy of the model. Every model update will update the entire model.
Sparse update
The training input is sparse, and the trainer does not have the entire model. It will only download the sub-model necessary related to the input. When updating the model, only the sub-model related to the training input is updated.
Pservers Saving Model¶
The benefit of letting pservers save model is they have the entire model all the time. However, since pservers are on different nodes, it requires a merging process to merge model shards into the same model. Thus requires the pservers to write models to a distributed filesystem, making the checkpoint shards visible to the merge program.
Trainer Saving Model¶
The benefit of letting one trainer to save the model is it does not require a distributed filesystem. And it’s reusing the same save model logic when training locally - except when doing sparse update, the trainer needs to download the entire model during the saving process.
Conclusion¶
Given trainer saving model does not require a distributed filesystem, and is an intuitive extension to trainer saving model when training locally, we decide to let the trainer save the model when doing distributed training.
Convert Model from Checkpoint¶
TODO
Timeline¶
We first implement trainer save the model. Converting the latest snapshot to a model will be a TODO for future.
Trainer Save Model¶
Trainer Election¶
One trainer will be elected as the one to save the model. When using etcd, trainer ID is a randomly generated UUID, we will utilize etcd to elect one trainer. When not using etcd, unique trainer IDs will be given by the administrator, the trainer whose ID is “0” is elected to save the model.
Model Save Path¶
Each trainer will be given the directory to save the model. The
elected trainer will save the model to
given-directory/trainerID
. Since the trainer ID is unique, this
would prevent concurrent save to the same file when multiple trainers
are elected to save the model when split-brain problem happens.
What Happens When Model Is Saving¶
It takes some time to save model, we need to define what will happen when save model is taking place.
When doing dense update, the trainer uses the local model. Pservers does not need to pause model update.
When doing sparse update. The trainer needs to download the entire model while saving. To get the most accurate model, the model update needs to be paused before the download starts and resumed after the download finishes. Otherwise, the trainer gets a model that is “polluted”: some part of the model is old, some part of the model is new.
It’s unclear that the “polluted” model will be inferior due to the stochastic nature of deep learning, and pausing the model update will add more complexity to the system. Since supporting sparse update is a TODO item. We defer the evaluation of pause the model update or not during saving model to the future.


--- layout: page ---
input
, img
because it's optional.HTML attributes should come in this particular order for easier reading of code.
class
id
, name
data-*
src
, for
, type
, href
, value
title
, alt
role
, aria-*
Classes make for great reusable components, so they come first. Ids are more specific and should be used sparingly (e.g., for in-page bookmarks), so they come second.
A boolean attribute is one that needs no declared value. XHTML required you to declare a value, but HTML5 has no such requirement.
For further reading, consult the WhatWG section on boolean attributes:
The presence of a boolean attribute on an element represents the true value, and the absence of the attribute represents the false value.
If you must include the attribute's value, and you don't need to, follow this WhatWG guideline:
If the attribute is present, its value must either be the empty string or [...] the attribute's canonical name, with no leading or trailing whitespace.
In short, don't add a value.
To avoid nesting classes, the mixin between global class and BEM (Block Element Modifier) is highly recommend.
Avoid using input type="submit"
and replace it with button
tag inside form.


{% extends 'store/base.html' %} {% block title %} Internal Server Error | Tetris Clothing Store {% endblock %} {% load static %} {% block extra_css %} {% endblock %} {% block content %} {% include 'store/header.html' %} We've encountered a problem with the server, we'll fix it soon. SHOP TETRIS {% endblock %}
We've encountered a problem with the server, we'll fix it soon.


preprocessor module¶
-
src.preprocessor.
clean_text
(x)¶ [Function for cleaning text and removing characters, user identification, and non-printable characters that can interfere with the model’s ability to make accurate predictions.]
- Parameters
x ([string]) – [A string unprocessed string with characters to be removed.]
- Returns
[Cleaned version of the string.]
- Return type
[string]
-
src.preprocessor.
normalize_comment
(comment)¶ [Does a variety of normalizing steps, such as separating punctuation and decensoring, before splitting words within a sentence into a list of words.]
- Parameters
comment ([string]) – [A string]
- Returns
[cleaned version of string, which helps reveal toxic words]
- Return type
[string]
-
src.preprocessor.
split_word
(word, toxic_words)¶ [Function that accounts for toxic words being hidden within normal text. If any of the toxic words are found, it will split the non-toxic text, exposing the toxic word.]
- Parameters
word ([string]) – [A string containing a toxic word.]
toxic_words ([strings]) – [List of toxic words.]
- Returns
[Toxic word.]
- Return type
[string]
-
src.preprocessor.
word_tokenize
(sentence)¶ [Function that tokenizes text and replaces associated characters with letters as well as adds spaces around punctuation.]
- Parameters
sentence ([string]) – [A string.]
- Returns
[List of strings. Each component of the sentence as its own string.]
- Return type
[List]


PS2EPSI(1) Ghostscript Tools PS2EPSI(1) NAME ps2epsi - generate conforming Encapsulated PostScript SYNOPSIS ps2epsi infile.ps [ outfile.epsi ] (Unix) ps2epsi infile.ps [ outfile.epi ] (DOS) DESCRIPTION ps2epsi uses gs(1) to process a PostScript(tm) file and generate as out‐ put a new file which conforms to Adobe's Encapsulated PostScript Inter‐ change (EPSI) format. EPSI is a special form of encapsulated PostScript (EPS) which adds to the beginning of the file in the form of PostScript comments a bitmapped version of the final displayed page. Programs which understand EPSI (usually word processors or DTP programs) can use this bitmap to give a preview version on screen of the PostScript. The dis‐ played quality is often not very good (e.g., low resolution, no colours), but the final printed version uses the real PostScript, and thus has the normal PostScript quality. USAGE On Unix systems invoke ps2epsi like this: ps2epsi infile.ps [ outfile.epsi ] where "infile.ps" is the input file and "outfile.epsi" is the resulting EPSI file. If the output filename is omitted, it is generated from the input filename. When a standard extension (".ps", ".cps", ".eps" or ".epsf") is used, it is replaced with the output extension ".epsi". On DOS systems the command is: ps2epsi infile.ps outfile.epi where "infile.ps" is the original PostScript file, and "outfile.epi" is the name of the output file. LIMITATIONS Not every PostScript file can be encapsulated successfully, because there are restrictions on what PostScript constructs a correct encapsulated file may contain. ps2epsi does a little extra work to try to help encap‐ sulation, and it automatically calculates the bounding box required for all encapsulated PostScript files, so most of the time it does a pretty good job. There are certain to be cases, however, where the encapsulation does not work because of the content of the original PostScript file. COMPATIBILITY The Framemaker DTP system is one application which understands EPSI files, and ps2epsi has been tested on a number of PostScript diagrams from a variety of sources, using Framemaker 3.0 on a Sun workstation. Framemaker on other platforms should be able to use these files, although I have not been able to test this. FILES tab(>); l l. ps2epsi>Unix shell script ps2epsi.bat>DOS batch file ps2epsi.ps>the Ghostscript program which does the work SEE ALSO gs (1) VERSION This document was last revised for Ghostscript version 9.05. However, the content may be obsolete, or inconsistent with ps2epsi.txt. AUTHOR George Cameron 9.05 8 February 2012 PS2EPSI(1)


Out of the box, wrapped text in a UILabel
(or NSTextField
on the Mac) will behave like this when its container is resized:
This article explains how to get the following behavior:
Why it doesn’t “just work”
In auto layout, views have the notion of “intrinsic content size”: A width and height (either, both, or neither) that fits the view well. The layout system will try to give the view at least this much space with “high” priority, configurable as the view’s “compression resistance”.
The layout system treats this width and height independently. For example, if a segmented control’s text is long enough that it can’t fit horizontally, its intrinsic height will still try to be satisfied. This works great for views that have some defined size, such as buttons, images, sliders, and small labels.
But views that wrap have more complex behavior: their width and height interact. They can trade width for height, and vice-versa.
This can’t be expressed purely with constraints. Proof: Consider a simplified model, ignoring word breaking and that complicated text stuff. We’d like a view to have constant area, i.e. width × height = constant. Constraints must be of the form attribute1 = multiplier × attribute2 + constant (so the system can provide certain performance guarantees). There is no way to represent the first equation with the second; hence there is no way to represent wrapping purely with constraints.
We can’t leave both width and height as free variables to be solved by the constraint engine. The simplest approach — and the one that Apple uses — is to fix the width, and leave the height variable (dependent on the label’s content).
Preferred Max Layout Width
Both UILabel
and NSTextField
have the preferredMaxLayoutWidth
property.
If this is non-zero, it’s used as the maximum width of the label’s intrinsic content size.
When the label has more text than can fit in that width, the label will return a larger value for its intrinsic height.
(If the label has only a little text, the label’s intrinsic width can be less than its preferred max layout width.)
On iOS, UILabel
’s preferred max layout width is set to the width of the label as it appears in the nib (even if it becomes a different size at runtime).
On OS X, NSTextField
can optionally have its preferred max layout width set to the first size it takes on after layout.
If the space available to the label can change, as in the demo at the top, or if the container can be resized (or rotated), you’ll need to change the preferred max layout width dynamically.
Adjusting the Preferred Max Layout Width
To dynamically set preferredMaxLayoutWidth
, you’ll need to override -[UIView layoutSubviews]
or -[NSView layout]
of the label’s superview.
To get the behavior at the top, set the preferred max layout width to the width available to the label.
The example label has these constraints:
The fixed left and right constraints make it take up all available horizontal space.
Please don’t hard-code numerical constants in your code. They’ll make your layout overly fragile. Instead, you can use the layout system to your advantage and do two passes.
The second animation at the top uses the following code in the label’s superview:
- (void)layoutSubviews {
[super layoutSubviews];
CGFloat availableLabelWidth = self.label.frame.size.width;
self.label.preferredMaxLayoutWidth = availableLabelWidth;
[super layoutSubviews];
}
The first call to [super layoutSubviews]
will evaluate the constraints on the label (since it’s a direct subview) and change its frame accordingly.
At this point the width is useful, but the height is not; the height was set using the label’s intrinsic content size, which in turn relied on a preferred max layout width value that is now stale.
Now we know the actual width of the label, we set that as its max layout width.
Internally, this causes the label to invalidate its intrinsic content size; when it’s next queried, it will have the accurate height for its current width.
With all layout information in place, we call [super layoutSubviews]
again.
Creating your own views that wrap
The WrapDemo project contains a view that wraps like UILabel
/ NSTextField
.
It has a preferredMaxLayoutWidth
property that the superview sets, and a shared layout method (-[MyWrappingView enumerateItemRectsForLayoutWidth:usingBlock:]
).
This method is called by both -intrinsicContentSize
to calculate the size based on the preferred max layout width, and -layoutSubviews
to position the colored items based on the actual view size.
Shrink-Wrapping
Finally, there are times where we’d like to combine wrapping with “shrink to fit” behavior (aka “content hugging”). Instead of fixing the label’s leading and trailing space, we can instead add constraints to make it centered and at least some distance from the edge.
Combining this with the above -layoutSubviews
implementation gives the following behavior:
The space to the edge is satisfied if it’s greater-than-or-equal-to the constant — it only ever pushes the label in, it never pulls it out. What we want to do is find the width that the label could take up, without necessarily taking it all up.
The auto layout API only provides one way to calculate distances: Layout, then measure. So to find out how wide the label can become, we tell it to become really wide (with careful selection of priority), lay it out, measure it, then use the result as the preferred max layout width. The label’s intrinsic size will do the rest.
- (void)layoutSubviews {
NSLayoutConstraint *labelAsWideAsPossibleConstraint =
[NSLayoutConstraint constraintWithItem:self.label
attribute:NSLayoutAttributeWidth
relatedBy:NSLayoutRelationGreaterThanOrEqual
toItem:nil
attribute:0
multiplier:1.0
constant:1e8]; // a big number
labelAsWideAsPossibleConstraint.priority =
[self.label contentCompressionResistancePriorityForAxis:UILayoutConstraintAxisHorizontal];
[self.label addConstraint:labelAsWideAsPossibleConstraint];
[super layoutSubviews];
CGFloat availableLabelWidth = self.label.frame.size.width;
self.label.preferredMaxLayoutWidth = availableLabelWidth;
[self.label removeConstraint:labelAsWideAsPossibleConstraint];
[super layoutSubviews];
}
All these examples are available in the WrapDemo project on GitHub.
Thanks to Kevin Cathey for his ongoing help and insights with Auto Layout.


Geode provides a variety of management tools you can use to manage a Geode distributed system.
The Geode management and monitoring tools allow you to configure all members and processes of a distributed system, monitor operations in the system, and start and stop the members. Internally, Geode uses Java MBeans, specifically MXBeans, to expose management controls and monitoring features. You can monitor and control Geode by writing Java programs that use these MXBeans, or you can use one of several tools provided with Geode to monitor and manage your distributed system. The primary tool for these tasks is the gfsh command-line tool, as described in this section.
Geode provides the following tools to manage a Geode installation:
gfsh Command-line tool
The gfsh command line tool provides a set of commands you use to configure, manage, and monitor a Geode distributed system. gfsh is the recommended tool for managing your distributed system.
Use gfsh to:
- Start and stop Geode processes, such as locators and cache servers
- Deploy applications
- Create and destroy regions
- Execute functions
- Manage disk stores
- Import and export data
- Monitor Geode processes
- Launch Geode monitoring tools
- Shut down a distributed system
- Script various operations involving Geode members
- Save the configuration for all members of a distributed system
gfsh runs in its own shell, or you can execute gfsh commands directly from the OS command line. gfsh can interact with remote systems using the http protocol. You can also write scripts that run in a gfsh shell to automate system startup.
You can use gfsh to create shared cluster configurations for your distributed system. You can define configurations that apply to the entire cluster, or that apply only to groups of similar members that all share a common configuration. Geode locators maintain these configurations as a hidden region and distribute the configuration to all locators in the distributed system. The locator also persists the shared configurations on disk as cluster.xml
and cluster.properties
files. You can use those shared cluster configuration files to re-start your system, migrate the system to a new environment, add new members to a distributed system, or to restore existing members after a failure.
A basic cluster configuration consists of:
-
cluster.xml
file shared by the cluster -
cluster.properties
file shared by the cluster - Deployed jar files containing application Java classes.
See Overview of the Cluster Configuration Service and Cluster Configuration Files and Troubleshooting for additional details on gfsh cluster configuration files.
Using the gfsh tool, you can easily migrate a Geode-based application from a development environment into a testing or production environment.
Executing gfsh commands with the management API
You can also use Geode’s management APIs to execute gfsh commands in a Java class. See Executing gfsh Commands through the Management API.
Member Configuration Management
When you issue gfsh commands and have the cluster configuration service enabled (on a locator), Geode saves the configurations created within gfsh by building a cluster.xml
and cluster.properties
files for the entire cluster, or group of members.
You can also directly create configurations using cache.xml
and gemfire.properties
files and manage the members individually.
Java Management Extension (JMX) MBeans
Geode uses a federated Open MBean strategy to manage and monitor all members of the distributed system. Your Java classes interact with a single MBeanServer that aggregates MBeans from other local and remote members. Using this strategy gives you a consolidated, single-agent view of the distributed system.
Geode’s implementation of JMX is industry-standard and friendly to generic JMX clients. You can monitor or manage the distributed system by using any third-party tool that is compliant with JMX. For example, JConsole.
See Apache Geode Management and Monitoring
Geode Java API
The Geode API provides a set of Java classes you can use to manage and monitor a distributed system. See the org.apache.geode.management package in the Geode JavaDocs .
Geode Pulse
Geode Pulse is a Web Application that provides a graphical dashboard for monitoring vital, real-time health and performance of Geode clusters, members, and regions.
Use Pulse to examine total memory, CPU, and disk space used by members, uptime statistics, client connections, and critical notifications. Pulse communicates with a Geode JMX manager to provide a complete view of your Geode deployment.
See Geode Pulse.
JConsole
JConsole is a JMX monitoring utility provided with a Java Development Kit (JDK). You use gfsh to connect to Geode, and then launch JConsole with a gfsh command. The JConsole application allows you to browse MBeans, attributes, operations, and notifications. See Browsing Geode MBeans through JConsole.


Scatter
Plot by:
Location
GDP vs. Pop
Force Layout:
On
Circle Layout by:
GDP
Population
Split by:
None
Continent
Continent (Circle Layout)


---
layout: project
title: Design of Fabric Cutting Machine for Mat-making Handlooms
shorttitle: Design of Fabric Cutting Machine for Mat-making Handlooms
location: IIT Bombay, India
type: others
image: fabric.jpg
category: projects
published: true
year: 2012
duration: January 2012- November 2013
position: Student Investigator, Rural Technology Advancement Group (RuTAG)
advisor: Prof. Suhas Joshi
---
{% include JB/setup %}
As a part of 3 member team: Designed, fabricated and tested various prototypes of human powered as well as electric fabric cutting machine to increase the productivity of mat-making handlooms operated by visually challenged people
Awarded Gandhian Young Technological Innovation Award by Society for Research and Initiatives for Sustainable Technologies and Institutions Details


Anime: Demon Slayer, Kimetsu No Yaiba
It follows Tanjiro Kamado, a young boy who becomes a demon slayer after his family is slaughtered and his younger sister Nezuko is turned into a demon.
It follows Tanjiro Kamado, a young boy who becomes a demon slayer after his family is slaughtered and his younger sister Nezuko is turned into a demon.
Guts was once a wandering mercenary taken in by the mercenary group known as the Band of the Hawk (鷹の団, Taka no Dan) and he fought alongside them before their mutilated leader, Griffith, sacrificed his followers to become one of the God Hand and continue his dream of ruling a kingdom of his own.
Bonus! Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba OP Full "Gurenge" by LiSA TV Anime "Kimetsu no Yaiba" Opening Theme Full LiSA - Gurenge
Kimetsu No Yaiba (Song)


Login Page
Please input your user name and password and click the login button.
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The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
by Mark Twain
“Chapter 43”
Additional Information
- Year Published: 1884
- Language: English
- Country of Origin: United States of America
- Source: Twain, M. (1884). The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Charles L. Webster And Company.
-
Readability:
- Flesch–Kincaid Level: 10.2
- Word Count: 733
- Genre: Adventure
- Keywords: 19th century literature, american literature, mark twain, samuel clemens, southern authors
- ✎ Cite This
Downloads
THE first time I catched Tom private I asked him what was his idea, time of the evasion? – what it was he’d planned to do if the evasion worked all right and he managed to set a nigger free that was already free before? And he said, what he had planned in his head from the start, if we got Jim out all safe, was for us to run him down the river on the raft, and have adventures plumb to the mouth of the river, and then tell him about his being free, and take him back up home on a steamboat, in style, and pay him for his lost time, and write word ahead and get out all the niggers around, and have them waltz him into town with a torchlight procession and a brass-band, and then he would be a hero, and so would we. But I reckoned it was about as well the way it was.
We had Jim out of the chains in no time, and when Aunt Polly and Uncle Silas and Aunt Sally found out how good he helped the doctor nurse Tom, they made a heap of fuss over him, and fixed him up prime, and give him all he wanted to eat, and a good time, and nothing to do. And we had him up to the sick-room, and had a high talk; and Tom give Jim forty dollars for being prisoner for us so patient, and doing it up so good, and Jim was pleased most to death, and busted out, and says:
“DAH, now, Huck, what I tell you? – what I tell you up dah on Jackson islan’? I TOLE you I got a hairy breas’, en what’s de sign un it; en I TOLE you I ben rich wunst, en gwineter to be rich AGIN; en it’s come true; en heah she is! DAH, now! doan’ talk to ME – signs is SIGNS, mine I tell you; en I knowed jis’ ’s well ‘at I ‘uz gwineter be rich agin as I’s astannin’ heah dis minute!”
And then Tom he talked along and talked along, and says, le’s all three slide out of here one of these nights and get an outfit, and go for howling adventures amongst the Injuns, over in the Territory, for a couple of weeks or two; and I says, all right, that suits me, but I ain’t got no money for to buy the outfit, and I reckon I couldn’t get none from home, because it’s likely pap’s been back before now, and got it all away from Judge Thatcher and drunk it up.
“No, he hain’t,” Tom says; “it’s all there yet – six thousand dollars and more; and your pap hain’t ever been back since. Hadn’t when I come away, anyhow.”
Jim says, kind of solemn:
“He ain’t a-comin’ back no mo’, Huck.”
I says:
“Why, Jim?”
“Nemmine why, Huck – but he ain’t comin’ back no mo.”
But I kept at him; so at last he says:
“Doan’ you ‘member de house dat was float’n down de river, en dey wuz a man in dah, kivered up, en I went in en unkivered him and didn’ let you come in?
Tom’s most well now, and got his bullet around his neck on a watch-guard for a watch, and is always seeing what time it is, and so there ain’t nothing more to write about, and I am rotten glad of it, because if I’d a knowed what a trouble it was to make a book I wouldn’t a tackled it, and ain’t a-going to no more. But I reckon I got to light out for the Territory ahead of the rest, because Aunt Sally she’s going to adopt me and sivilize me, and I can’t stand it. I been there before.


This document is for Next.js versions 9.3 and up. If you’re using older versions of Next.js, refer to our previous documentation.
In Next.js, a page is a
React Component
exported from a .js
, .jsx
, .ts
, or
.tsx
file in the pages
directory. Each page is
associated with a route based on its file name.
Example: If you create pages/about.js
that
exports a React component like below, it will be accessible at
/about
.
function About() {
return
About

}
export default About
Next.js supports pages with dynamic routes. For example, if you create a
file called pages/posts/[id].js
, then it will be accessible
at posts/1
, posts/2
, etc.
To learn more about dynamic routing, check the Dynamic Routing documentation.
By default, Next.js pre-renders every page. This means that Next.js generates HTML for each page in advance, instead of having it all done by client-side JavaScript. Pre-rendering can result in better performance and SEO.
Each generated HTML is associated with minimal JavaScript code necessary for that page. When a page is loaded by the browser, its JavaScript code runs and makes the page fully interactive. (This process is called hydration.)
Next.js has two forms of pre-rendering: Static Generation and Server-side Rendering. The difference is in when it generates the HTML for a page.
Importantly, Next.js lets you choose which pre-rendering form you’d like to use for each page. You can create a “hybrid” Next.js app by using Static Generation for most pages and using Server-side Rendering for others.
We recommend using Static Generation over Server-side Rendering for performance reasons. Statically generated pages can be cached by CDN with no extra configuration to boost performance. However, in some cases, Server-side Rendering might be the only option.
You can also use Client-side Rendering along with Static Generation or Server-side Rendering. That means some parts of a page can be rendered entirely by client side JavaScript. To learn more, take a look at the Data Fetching documentation.
If a page uses Static Generation, the page HTML is
generated at build time. That means in production, the
page HTML is generated when you run next build
. This HTML
will then be reused on each request. It can be cached by a CDN.
In Next.js, you can statically generate pages with or without data. Let’s take a look at each case.
By default, Next.js pre-renders pages using Static Generation without fetching data. Here’s an example:
function About() {
return
About

}
export default About
Note that this page does not need to fetch any external data to be pre-rendered. In cases like this, Next.js generates a single HTML file per page during build time.
Some pages require fetching external data for pre-rendering. There are two scenarios, and one or both might apply. In each case, you can use these functions that Next.js provides:
getStaticProps
.
getStaticPaths
(usually in addition to
getStaticProps
).
Example: Your blog page might need to fetch the list of blog posts from a CMS (content management system).
// TODO: Need to fetch `posts` (by calling some API endpoint)
// before this page can be pre-rendered.
function Blog({ posts }) {
return (

{posts.map((post) => (

{post.title}

))}

)
}
export default Blog
To fetch this data on pre-render, Next.js allows you to
export
an async
function called
getStaticProps
from the same file. This function gets called
at build time and lets you pass fetched data to the page’s
props
on pre-render.
function Blog({ posts }) {
// Render posts...
}
// This function gets called at build time
export async function getStaticProps() {
// Call an external API endpoint to get posts
const res = await fetch('https://.../posts')
const posts = await res.json()
// By returning { props: { posts } }, the Blog component
// will receive `posts` as a prop at build time
return {
props: {
posts,
},
}
}
export default Blog
To learn more about how getStaticProps
works, check out the
Data Fetching documentation.
Next.js allows you to create pages with dynamic routes.
For example, you can create a file called
pages/posts/[id].js
to show a single blog post based on
id
. This will allow you to show a blog post with
id: 1
when you access posts/1
.
To learn more about dynamic routing, check the Dynamic Routing documentation.
However, which id
you want to pre-render at build time might
depend on external data.
Example: suppose that you’ve only added one blog post
(with id: 1
) to the database. In this case, you’d only want
to pre-render posts/1
at build time.
Later, you might add the second post with id: 2
. Then you’d
want to pre-render posts/2
as well.
So your page paths that are pre-rendered depend on
external data. To handle this, Next.js lets you
export
an async
function called
getStaticPaths
from a dynamic page (pages/posts/[id].js
in this case). This function gets called at build time and lets you
specify which paths you want to pre-render.
// This function gets called at build time
export async function getStaticPaths() {
// Call an external API endpoint to get posts
const res = await fetch('https://.../posts')
const posts = await res.json()
// Get the paths we want to pre-render based on posts
const paths = posts.map((post) => ({
params: { id: post.id },
}))
// We'll pre-render only these paths at build time.
// { fallback: false } means other routes should 404.
return { paths, fallback: false }
}
Also in pages/posts/[id].js
, you need to export
getStaticProps
so that you can fetch the data about the post
with this id
and use it to pre-render the page:
function Post({ post }) {
// Render post...
}
export async function getStaticPaths() {
// ...
}
// This also gets called at build time
export async function getStaticProps({ params }) {
// params contains the post `id`.
// If the route is like /posts/1, then params.id is 1
const res = await fetch(`https://.../posts/${params.id}`)
const post = await res.json()
// Pass post data to the page via props
return { props: { post } }
}
export default Post
To learn more about how getStaticPaths
works, check out the
Data Fetching documentation.
We recommend using Static Generation (with and without data) whenever possible because your page can be built once and served by CDN, which makes it much faster than having a server render the page on every request.
You can use Static Generation for many types of pages, including:
You should ask yourself: “Can I pre-render this page ahead of a user’s request?” If the answer is yes, then you should choose Static Generation.
On the other hand, Static Generation is not a good idea if you cannot pre-render a page ahead of a user’s request. Maybe your page shows frequently updated data, and the page content changes on every request.
In cases like this, you can do one of the following:
Also referred to as “SSR” or “Dynamic Rendering”.
If a page uses Server-side Rendering, the page HTML is generated on each request.
To use Server-side Rendering for a page, you need to
export
an async
function called
getServerSideProps
. This function will be called by the
server on every request.
For example, suppose that your page needs to pre-render frequently updated
data (fetched from an external API). You can write
getServerSideProps
which fetches this data and passes it to
Page
like below:
function Page({ data }) {
// Render data...
}
// This gets called on every request
export async function getServerSideProps() {
// Fetch data from external API
const res = await fetch(`https://.../data`)
const data = await res.json()
// Pass data to the page via props
return { props: { data } }
}
export default Page
As you can see, getServerSideProps
is similar to
getStaticProps
, but the difference is that
getServerSideProps
is run on every request instead of on
build time.
To learn more about how getServerSideProps
works, check out
our
Data Fetching documentation
We’ve discussed two forms of pre-rendering for Next.js.
getStaticProps
(and getStaticPaths
if
necessary). It’s great for pages that can be pre-rendered ahead of a
user’s request. You can also use it with Client-side Rendering to bring
in additional data.
getServerSideProps
. Because Server-side Rendering
results in slower performance than Static Generation, use this only if
absolutely necessary.
We recommend you to read the following sections next:


Photo: Browns Owner’s Pregame Outfit Going Viral vs. Dolphins
by Matt HladikMyles Garrett won’t be on the field the rest of the season, but he’s still on the mind of Cleveland Browns owner Dee Haslam.
Prior to today’s game against the Miami Dolphins, Haslam appeared on the field wearing a knit winter hat with Garrett’s No. 95 on the side. Judging by her headgear, Haslam looks to be fully supporting Garrett.
The third-year defensive end was suspended indefinitely by the NFL following an on-field confrontation with the Pittsburgh Steelers’ Mason Rudolph 10 days ago. Garrett swung Rudolph’s helmet at the quarterback, resulting in the harsh punishment.
Last week, the NFL upheld the ban after Garrett’s appeal. During his appeal hearing, Garrett alleged Rudolph called him a racial slur before he attacked him with the helmet, a claim Rudolph vehemently denied and the NFL says it has “no evidence” of.
The Garrett-less Browns have won two games in a row heading into today’s contest against the lowly Dolphins.
Cleveland will have to win at least five of its final six games to have a shot at a Wild Card berth, so there’s really no margin for error.
Browns-Dolphins will kick off at 1 p.m. ET.