- Join our Slack at slack.spreecommerce.com
- Extensions
- Documentation
- Spree success stories from OpenCommerce Conf
- 2016 Development Roadmap
Spree is a complete open source e-commerce solution built with Ruby on Rails. It was originally developed by Sean Schofield and is now maintained by developers from Spark Solutions and Vinsol. We're open to contributions and accepting new Core Team members.
Spree consists of several different gems, each of which are maintained in a single repository and documented in a single set of online documentation.
- spree_api (RESTful API)
- spree_frontend (Customer frontend)
- spree_backend (Admin panel)
- spree_cmd (Command-line tools)
- spree_core (Models & Mailers, the basic components of Spree that it can't run without)
- spree_sample (Sample data)
Getting Started
Required rails rails (~> 4.2.6)
Add Spree gems to your Gemfile:
gem 'spree', '~> 3.1.0'
gem 'spree_auth_devise', '~> 3.1.0'
gem 'spree_gateway', '~> 3.1.0'
Run bundle install
Use the install generators to set up Spree:
rails g spree:install --user_class=Spree::User
rails g spree:auth:install
rails g spree_gateway:install
Installation options
Alternatively, if you want to use the bleeding edge version of Spree, add this to your Gemfile:
gem 'spree', github: 'spree/spree'
gem 'spree_auth_devise', github: 'spree/spree_auth_devise'
gem 'spree_gateway', github: 'spree/spree_gateway'
Note: The master branch is not guaranteed to ever be in a fully functioning state. It is unwise to use this branch in a production system you care deeply about.
By default, the installation generator (rails g spree:install
) will run
migrations as well as adding seed and sample data. This can be disabled using
rails g spree:install --migrate=false --sample=false --seed=false
You can always perform any of these steps later by using these commands.
bundle exec rake railties:install:migrations
bundle exec rake db:migrate
bundle exec rake db:seed
bundle exec rake spree_sample:load
Browse Store
http://localhost:3000
Browse Admin Interface
http://localhost:3000/admin
Extensions
Spree Extensions provide additional features not present in the Core system.
| Extension | Description |
|---|---|
| spree_i18n | I18n translation files for Spree Commerce |
| spree-multi-domain | Multiple Spree stores on different domains - single unified backed for processing orders |
| spree_multi_currency | Provides UI to allow configuring multiple currencies in Spree |
| spree_braintree_vzero | Official Spree Braintree v.zero + PayPal extension |
| spree_address_book | Adds address book for users to Spree |
| spree_digital | A Spree extension to enable downloadable products |
| spree_social | Building block for spree social networking features (provides authentication and account linkage) |
| spree_related_products | Related products extension for Spree |
| spree_active_shipping | Spree integration for Shopify's active_shipping gem |
| spree_static_content | Manage static pages for Spree |
| spree-product-assembly | Adds oportunity to make bundle of products |
| spree_editor | Rich text editor for Spree with Image and File uploading in-place |
| spree_recently_viewed | Recently viewed products in Spree |
| spree_wishlist | Wishlist extension for Spree |
| spree_sitemap | Sitemap Generator for Spree |
Performance
You may notice that your Spree store runs slowly in development environment. This can be because in development each asset (css and javascript) is loaded separately. You can disable it by adding the following line to config/environments/development.rb
.
config.assets.debug = false
Developing Spree
Spree is meant to be run within the context of Rails application and the source code is essentially a collection of gems. You can easily create a sandbox application inside of your cloned source directory for testing purposes.
Clone the Git repo
git clone git://github.com/spree/spree.git
cd spree
Install the gem dependencies
bundle install
Sandbox
Create a sandbox Rails application for testing purposes which automatically perform all necessary database setup
bundle exec rake sandbox
Start the server
cd sandbox
rails server
Running Tests
We use CircleCI to run the tests for Spree.
You can see the build statuses at https://circleci.com/gh/spree/spree.
Each gem contains its own series of tests, and for each directory, you need to do a quick one-time creation of a test application and then you can use it to run the tests. For example, to run the tests for the core project.
cd core
bundle exec rake test_app
bundle exec rspec spec
If you would like to run specs against a particular database you may specify the dummy apps database, which defaults to sqlite3.
DB=postgres bundle exec rake test_app
If you want to run specs for only a single spec file
bundle exec rspec spec/models/spree/state_spec.rb
If you want to run a particular line of spec
bundle exec rspec spec/models/spree/state_spec.rb:7
You can also enable fail fast in order to stop tests at the first failure
FAIL_FAST=true bundle exec rspec spec/models/state_spec.rb
If you want to run the simplecov code coverage report
COVERAGE=true bundle exec rspec spec
If you're working on multiple facets of Spree to test, please ensure that you have a postgres user:
createuser -s -r postgres
And also ensure that you have PhantomJS installed as well:
brew update && brew install phantomjs
To execute all the tests, you may want to run this command at the root of the Spree project to generate test applications and run specs for all the facets:
bash build.sh
Contributing
Spree is an open source project and we encourage contributions. Please review the contributing guidelines before contributing.
In the spirit of free software, everyone is encouraged to help improve this project.
Here are some ways you can contribute:
- by using prerelease versions / master branch
- by reporting bugs
- by translating to a new language
- by writing or editing documentation
- by writing specs
- by writing needed code or finishing code
- by refactoring code
- by reviewing pull requests
- by verifying issues
License
Spree is released under the New BSD License.


Tab key pressed in last control in navigation order does not give focus to first control
Pressing the tab key should cycle sequentially give focus to the two input controls in document order. When tab is pressed from the second input control, focus should return to the first control.


Troubleshooting
Fuel supports a wide variety of configurations. Sometimes the configuration needs some work in order to work properly. Listed below are a couple of scenarios that may pop up when setting up Fuel on your machine.
When your problem is not listed below or is listed but no proper solution is provided, please report this at the issue tracker ( http://dev.fuelphp.com ).
500 Error with clean installation
Happens When...
When your HTTP server has insufficient permissions to follow symbolic links around the filesystem.
Solution
Check the .htaccess file and modify the following line
Option +FollowSymLinks
so that it reads:
Option +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
Syntax errors with clean installation
Parse error: syntax error, unexpected T_FUNCTION, expecting ')' in /Users/info/Sites/fuel/public/index.php on line 9
Happens When...
When running Fuel on a PHP version prior to 5.3.
Solution
Check the phpinfo(); in a separate testfile and see if you're running 5.3 or higher. More info on requirements is here.
When developing locally, update your server to the latest version of PHP 5.3. If you are not developing locally you'll need to ask your hosting company. Versions of PHP below 5.3 have lost support not just by us, but by PHP themselves.
I get "child pid [xxxx] exit signal Bus error" in autoloader.php
Happens When...
Under unknown circumstances when using multibyte support.
Solution
This seems to be a PHP bug, for which at the time of writing no fix has been released.
Most people using PHP 5.3.x and multi-byte support don't report this issue.
We have not seen reports of users with PHP 5.4.x that experience this same error.
As a workaround, it is suggested to disable zend-multibyte and mbstring, or try using a different version of PHP.
Got it working, but the index page is a 404.
Happens When...
On some php installations it's necessary to add a question-mark in the .htaccess file after index.php
Solution
Add the question-mark like so:
# Turn on URL rewriting
RewriteEngine On
# Installation directory
RewriteBase /
# If fuel is not a level up
# RewriteBase /public
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?/$1 [L]
# Notice the ? after index.php
Some fcgi installations require a variant of this solution:
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?$1 [L]
# Notice the fact that the slash has been removed after the ?
#Other possible setups:
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php/$1 [L]
# Notice the leading slash added before index.php
Oil cannot connect to DB but application can
mysql_connect(): [2002] No such file or directory (trying to connect via unix:///var/mysql/mysql.sock) in /Users/phil/Sites/fuel/fuel/core/classes/database/mysql/connection.php on 73
Happens When...
Happens when you try to interact with the database via the command line, often when using MAMP for your MySQL server. The reason for this is that PHP-CLI is a different installation to the MAMP provided by MAMP, so PHP knows nothing of the database server.
Note: Before performing the following step to fix the problem, verify the database connection via normal browser access.
Solution
Change "localhost" to "<IP_ADDRESS>" in your database.php
Failing that:
Create a symlink pointing at MAMP's mysql.socket.
$ sudo ln -s /Applications/MAMP/tmp/mysql/mysql.sock /var/mysql/mysql.sock
In some cases you have to create the directory first:
$ sudo mkdir /var/mysql
$ sudo ln -s /Applications/MAMP/tmp/mysql/mysql.sock /var/mysql/mysql.sock
The ORM/DB returns my data as html entities
Happens When...
Fuel has a security measure called "output encoding" which is switched on by default. This means
that any value passed to the View or Presenter is considered dangerous unless you explicitly mark
it as safe. All values that aren't safe will be put through htmlentities, including the contents
of arrays and the properties of objects.
Solution
Learn more about security in the View class.
Orm\Exception [ Error ]: Listing columns not failed
Error
Orm\Exception [ Error ]: Listing columns not failed, you have to set the model properties with a static $_properties setting in the model.
Happens When...
Working with ORM models when not connecting via mysql.
Solution
Make sure the db config values are correct and test your database connection.
Update the model to contain the properties.
protected static $_properties = array('id', 'title', 'contents', 'publish');
Or set the change the db type to "mysql" in APPATH/config/db.php
Assets do not work after changing the location of index.php
Happens When...
That is because your path is not defined correctly, the Asset class uses a path relative to index.php.
Solution
To fix that you have to modify the app/config/asset.php to set the correct path. Notice in index.php that a constant named DOCROOT is being defined:
define('DOCROOT', __DIR__.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
You can use that in app/config/asset.php. This will set the asset path back to the default folder DOCROOT/public/assets, where the subfolders for css/ img/ and js/ are located:
'paths' => array(DOCROOT.'public/assets/'),
Core, App or Packages can not be found after I changed a symlink
Happens When...
This my happen because in DOCROOT/index.php, realpath() is used to deal with relative paths, which will cache path information, including the symlink.
Solution
To fix that you have to modify the DOCROOT/index.php and use clearstatcache() for each of the paths containing a symlink to
clear the cache. Alternatively, you can reload your webserver to clear the path cache. You can not manually issue the
clearstatcache() command, since it is cached per thread, and issuing the command will only clear the cache for the current thread.
Exception thrown without a stack frame
Happens When...
The cause of this message is that an error occured while PHP is already in its tear-down phase, and no error handler is available anymore.
Solution
There are a lot of reasons why this can happen. We'll try do document the most obvious ones here:
- Your webserver doesn't have write rights to the folder that stores the logfiles (by default APPPATH.'logs').


The aesthetics of your application will directly affect how easily people are able to accomplish their goals with your application. A web application provides rich visual experiences that will delight the eye without distracting the mind; it puts a premium on aesthetics and uses similar design paradigms as native applications without sacrificing usability.
Visually appealing images, color, and fonts are balanced against the needs for speed, scannable text, and ease of use. Audience and cultural context also matter as colors, layout or word choices may have different cultural meanings. Your application's visual design should please your users and improve usability for them.
A web application's visual design should please users and enhance usability
People expect to see web applications that are on par with the visual design of client or mobile applications instead of the sometimes uninspiring web content they’re used to.
One big distinction between web pages and web applications is the way that they use the screen real estate available to them. Like client applications, great web applications use all of the space available to them.
When creating a great visual design, designers should:
Web applications work without having to depend on browser navigation elements like the back button or forward buttons, reload, etcetera. They also work without the traditional in-page navigational elements like links down the left side or along the top.
While web applications don’t use these traditional navigational elements, they may use the address bar to save or share state and the back or forward buttons enable to user to go back and forward through that state. Instead of using links to move the user between different pages, buttons are used to change the state of the existing content.
People are quickly turned off by complex or lengthy sign-up processes. If your application requires people to log in, it should be an easy process that requests only the minimal information to get started. If possible, make it easier for people to sign up by leveraging an existing OpenID provider. Users will appreciate having fewer accounts and passwords.
To help decrease the bounce rate, and make the sign up and sign in process easy:
Developers can provide offline experiences and greatly increase the performance of their applications by caching data locally and only retrieving what’s necessary when they are connected.
Web applications allow users to keep their data in the cloud. Users should feel confident that their work is safe. They should not have to think about where or when they saved their data, or if they have the latest version at hand. Web applications enable users to concentrate on their work without worrying about whether or not their work is safe.
A client application keeps a user informed about what it’s doing through status messages, progress bars, notification dialogs, and other methods; web applications should be no different.
If your application deals with files, you should make the experience for people trivial and easy to deal with; they should never be left wondering if they just downloaded a file, or where it went, nor should they struggle to share files with your application.
Nothing is more valuable than people’s time. People expect client applications to start fast, and be immediately responsive to their use. Web applications should be no different. Web applications should start fast and always be responsive to their users.


ZSelect components are created atomatically for "SELECT" HTML tags with an id and data-z-id-field and data-z-label-field attributes.
Dynamic Select maintain an array of objects (rows). Attributes in view are used to select the field to use as label and as value in select.
Use "setRows" method to fill rows in component. Optionally pass an initial value (id-field) as a pre-selected row.
Use "value" property to obtain "id" field for selected row (or null) or "selectedRow" property to get the full selected row. ZDynamicSelect extends ZSelect, so "value" property is available for getting and setting the id of selected row and getSelectedText() to get label from selected text.


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Reliable Multitasking Performance Powered by the 2nd generation Intel Core i5-2410M processor with Intel Turbo Boost 2.0 Technology, the A53E-XA2 easily handles multitasking and entertainment on its brilliant .. Continue reading..
15.6" LED-backlit HD display. HDMI ready, supersize your high-definition media to an HDTV for 1080p visuals and 8 channel surround sound support. The A53E-XA2 is also engineered with ASUS IceCool technology with hairline brushed aluminum to maintain a low temperature on the keyboard and palm rest area for comfortable computing even after the longest sessions.
Comfort and Control Included The A53E-XA2 has an array of built-in features that are specialized for ease of use. It features a chiclet keyboard with numeric keypad and multi-touch trackpad to effortlessly type documents or navigate through your mobile world. The A53E-XA2 also has a spacious palm rest with ASUS Palm-Proof Technology where the trackpad intelligently distinguishes between your palm and finger to prevent errors for a worry-free typing experience. With its sunken-hinge screen design, you will be able to enjoy wider and more ergonomic viewing angles, enabling greater clarity and comfort. Plus, the ASUS Power4Gear utility controls the fans noise level so you can relax with a virtually silent computing experience anywhere you go. |
Reliable Multitasking Performance Powered by the 2nd generation Intel Core i5-2410M processor with Intel Turbo Boost 2.0 Technology, the A53E-XA2 easily handles multitasking and entertainment on its brilliant .. Continue reading..
15.6" LED-backlit HD display. HDMI ready, supersize your high-definition media to an HDTV for 1080p visuals and 8 channel surround sound support. The A53E-XA2 is also engineered with ASUS IceCool technology with hairline brushed aluminum to maintain a low temperature on the keyboard and palm rest area for comfortable computing even after the longest sessions.
Comfort and Control Included The A53E-XA2 has an array of built-in features that are specialized for ease of use. It features a chiclet keyboard with numeric keypad and multi-touch trackpad to effortlessly type documents or navigate through your mobile world. The A53E-XA2 also has a spacious palm rest with ASUS Palm-Proof Technology where the trackpad intelligently distinguishes between your palm and finger to prevent errors for a worry-free typing experience. With its sunken-hinge screen design, you will be able to enjoy wider and more ergonomic viewing angles, enabling greater clarity and comfort. Plus, the ASUS Power4Gear utility controls the fans noise level so you can relax with a virtually silent computing experience anywhere you go. |
Reliable Multitasking Performance Powered by the 2nd generation Intel Core i5-2410M processor with Intel Turbo Boost 2.0 Technology, the A53E-XA2 easily handles multitasking and entertainment on its brilliant .. Continue reading..
15.6" LED-backlit HD display. HDMI ready, supersize your high-definition media to an HDTV for 1080p visuals and 8 channel surround sound support. The A53E-XA2 is also engineered with ASUS IceCool technology with hairline brushed aluminum to maintain a low temperature on the keyboard and palm rest area for comfortable computing even after the longest sessions.
Comfort and Control Included The A53E-XA2 has an array of built-in features that are specialized for ease of use. It features a chiclet keyboard with numeric keypad and multi-touch trackpad to effortlessly type documents or navigate through your mobile world. The A53E-XA2 also has a spacious palm rest with ASUS Palm-Proof Technology where the trackpad intelligently distinguishes between your palm and finger to prevent errors for a worry-free typing experience. With its sunken-hinge screen design, you will be able to enjoy wider and more ergonomic viewing angles, enabling greater clarity and comfort. Plus, the ASUS Power4Gear utility controls the fans noise level so you can relax with a virtually silent computing experience anywhere you go. |
Reliable Multitasking Performance Powered by the 2nd generation Intel Core i5-2410M processor with Intel Turbo Boost 2.0 Technology, the A53E-XA2 easily handles multitasking and entertainment on its brilliant .. Continue reading..
15.6" LED-backlit HD display. HDMI ready, supersize your high-definition media to an HDTV for 1080p visuals and 8 channel surround sound support. The A53E-XA2 is also engineered with ASUS IceCool technology with hairline brushed aluminum to maintain a low temperature on the keyboard and palm rest area for comfortable computing even after the longest sessions.
Comfort and Control Included The A53E-XA2 has an array of built-in features that are specialized for ease of use. It features a chiclet keyboard with numeric keypad and multi-touch trackpad to effortlessly type documents or navigate through your mobile world. The A53E-XA2 also has a spacious palm rest with ASUS Palm-Proof Technology where the trackpad intelligently distinguishes between your palm and finger to prevent errors for a worry-free typing experience. With its sunken-hinge screen design, you will be able to enjoy wider and more ergonomic viewing angles, enabling greater clarity and comfort. Plus, the ASUS Power4Gear utility controls the fans noise level so you can relax with a virtually silent computing experience anywhere you go. |
Reliable Multitasking Performance Powered by the 2nd generation Intel Core i5-2410M processor with Intel Turbo Boost 2.0 Technology, the A53E-XA2 easily handles multitasking and entertainment on its brilliant .. Continue reading..
15.6" LED-backlit HD display. HDMI ready, supersize your high-definition media to an HDTV for 1080p visuals and 8 channel surround sound support. The A53E-XA2 is also engineered with ASUS IceCool technology with hairline brushed aluminum to maintain a low temperature on the keyboard and palm rest area for comfortable computing even after the longest sessions.
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1 Amasis made friends and allies of the people of Cyrene. And he decided to marry from there, either because he had his heart set on a Greek wife, or for the sake of the Corcyreans' friendship;
2 in any case, he married a certain Ladice, said by some to be the daughter of Battus, of Arcesilaus by others, and by others again of Critobulus, an esteemed citizen of the place. But whenever Amasis lay with her, he became unable to have intercourse, though he managed with every other woman;
3 and when this happened repeatedly, Amasis said to the woman called Ladice, “Woman, you have cast a spell on me, and there is no way that you shall avoid perishing the most wretchedly of all women.”
4 So Ladice, when the king did not relent at all although she denied it, vowed in her heart to Aphrodite that, if Amasis could have intercourse with her that night, since that would remedy the problem, she would send a statue to Cyrene to her. And after the prayer, immediately, Amasis did have intercourse with her. And whenever Amasis came to her thereafter, he had intercourse, and he was very fond of her after this.
5 Ladice paid her vow to the goddess; she had an image made and sent it to Cyrene, where it stood safe until my time, facing outside the city. Cambyses, when he had conquered Egypt and learned who Ladice was, sent her away to Cyrene unharmed.


The padr
package was designed to prepare datetime data for analysis. That is, to take raw, timestamped data, and quickly convert it into a tidy format that can be analyzed with all the tidyverse tools. Recently, a colleague and I discovered a second use for the package that I had not anticipated: checking data quality. Every analysis should contain checking if data are as expected. In the case of timestamped data, observations are sometimes missing due to technical malfunction of the system that produced them. Here are two examples that show how pad
and thicken
can be leveraged to detect problems in timestamped data quickly.
Regular observations
Lets imagine our system produces a value every five minutes. We want to analyse the data of the last couple of months and start by some routine checks. We quickly find that the number of records is not what we expected.
library(tidyverse)
library(padr)
regular_system %>% head
## # A tibble: 6 × 2
## timestamp value
## <dttm> <dbl>
## 1 2017-03-01 00:00:00 423.69
## 2 2017-03-01 00:05:00 434.51
## 3 2017-03-01 00:10:00 206.01
## 4 2017-03-01 00:15:00 432.83
## 5 2017-03-01 00:20:00 220.07
## 6 2017-03-01 00:25:00 393.44
seq(regular_system$timestamp %>% min, regular_system$timestamp %>% max,
by = "5 min") %>% length()
## [1] 32456
nrow(regular_system)
## [1] 32454
Two observations are missing here, with pad
they are located in no time.
regular_system %>%
mutate(check_var = 1) %>%
pad() %>%
filter(is.na(check_var))
## pad applied on the interval: 5 min
## # A tibble: 2 × 3
## timestamp value check_var
## <dttm> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 2017-06-08 11:55:00 NA NA
## 2 2017-06-08 12:00:00 NA NA
There we are, aparrantly the system took a lunch break on June the 8th.
Irregular observations
Now a more common situation. The system only produces data when it has something to tell us. This makes the observations irregular. This server produces a message each time some event happened.
irregular_system %>% head
## # A tibble: 6 × 2
## time_stamp message
## <dttm> <chr>
## 1 2016-10-09 00:02:01 QL2341@
## 2 2016-10-09 00:07:01 #A222IWL
## 3 2016-10-09 00:11:01 QL2341@
## 4 2016-10-09 00:17:00 WW#5
## 5 2016-10-09 00:17:00 QL2341@
## 6 2016-10-09 00:17:01 WW#5
Also here our server might be temporarily down, however, this is not so easy to locate. It is helpful here to apply thicken
, then aggregate, pad, and fill, and finally plot the result. We might want to look at several different interval, lets make it as generic as possible.
thicken_plot <- function(x, interval) {
x %>% thicken(interval, "ts_thick") %>%
count(ts_thick) %>%
pad() %>%
fill_by_value() %>%
ggplot(aes(ts_thick, n)) +
geom_line()
}
Lets look at 10 minute intervals.
thicken_plot(irregular_system, "10 min")
## pad applied on the interval: 10 min
Thats not too helpful, maybe a little coarser.
thicken_plot(irregular_system, "30 min")
## pad applied on the interval: 30 min
Now we see a dip at the middle of the day for October 10th, where for all the other days there is ample activty during these hours. There must be something wrong here that has to be sorted out. That will wrap up these two quick examples of how to use padr
for data quality checking.
I will present the package during a lightning talk at useR next week (Thursday 5:50 pm at 4.02 Wild Gallery). Hope to meet many of you during the conference!
Edit: creation of the two data sets
The two data sets were created manually for demonstrations purposes. Since it was requested to provide the code that created these sets, see below.
library(tidyverse)
library(padr)
library(lubridate)
set.seed(234)
n <- 32456
regular_system <- data_frame(timestamp = seq(ymd_hms("20170301 000000"),
length.out = n, by = "5 min"),
value = round(runif(n, 200, 500)
,2))
regular_system <- regular_system[-c(28656, 28657), ]
attr(emergency$time_stamp, 'tzone') <- "UTC"
irregular_system <- emergency %>% thicken("week") %>%
filter(time_stamp_week == as.Date("2016-10-09")) %>%
select(time_stamp)
messages <- c("#A222IWL", "WW34", "WW#5", "QL2341@")
irregular_system <- irregular_system %>%
mutate(message = sample(messages, n(), TRUE)) %>%
filter(time_stamp < ymd_hms("2016-10-10 16:55:02") |
time_stamp > ymd_hms("2016-10-10 18:08:32"))


WITNESS LIST Public Education Committee February 8, 2005-2:00P HB 2 For: Spates, Susan (TAGT) Stevens, John (Texas Business and Education Coalition) On: Anderson, David (Texas Education Agency) Cervenka, Kathleen (Legislative Budget Board) Melina Raab, Ted (Texas Federation of Teachers) Scott, Robert (Texas Education Agency) Wisnoski, Joe (Texas Education Agency)


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Comprehensive functional genomic resource and integrative model for the human brain. Science. 2018, 362(6420):eaat8464.
RIG-I like receptor sensing of host RNAs facilitates the cell-intrinsic immune response to KSHV infection. Nature Communications. 2018, 9:4841.
Disease-relevant transcriptional signatures identified in individual smooth muscle cells from healthy mouse vessels. Nature Communications. 2018, 9:4567.
RNA polymerase II activity revealed by GRO-seq and pNET-seq in Arabidopsis. Nature Plants.
Identification of the RNA polymerase I-RNA interactome. Nucleic Acids Research. gky779
Epidermal Tissue Adapts to Restrain Progenitors Carrying Clonal p53 Mutations. Cell Stem Cell.
PRMT2 links histone H3R8 asymmetric dimethylation to oncogenic activation and tumorigenesis of glioblastoma. Nature Communications. 2018, 9:4552.
Disrupted alternative splicing for genes implicated in splicing and ciliogenesis causes PRPF31 retinitis pigmentosa. Nature Communications. 2018, 9:4234.
Structural Remodeling of the Human Colonic Mesenchyme in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Cell. 2018, 175(2):372-386.
Cell cycle-resolved chromatin proteomics reveals the extent of mitotic preservation of the genomic regulatory landscape. Nature Communications. 2018, 9:4048.
Lysine benzoylation is a histone mark regulated by SIRT2. Nature Communications. 2018, 9:3374.
IL-1β inflammatory response driven by primary breast cancer prevents metastasis-initiating cell colonization. Nature Cell Biology. 2018, 20:1084–1097.
Risk SNP-Mediated Promoter-Enhancer Switching Drives Prostate Cancer through lncRNA PCAT19. Cell. 2018, 174(3):564-575.
A Single-Cell Transcriptome Atlas of the Aging Drosophila Brain. Cell. 2018.
Whole-genome sequencing reveals genomic signatures associated with the inflammatory microenvironments in Chinese NSCLC patients. Nature Communications. 2018, 9:2054.
p38-MK2 signaling axis regulates RNA metabolism after UV-light-induced DNA damage. Nature Communications. 2018, 9:1017.
Transcription factor Hoxb5 reprograms B cells into functional T lymphocytes. Nature Immunology. 2018.
The effects of death and post-mortem cold ischemia on human tissue transcriptomes. Nature Communications. 2018, 9:490.
Haploinsufficiency leads to neurodegeneration in C9ORF72 ALS/FTD human induced motor neurons. Nature Medicine. 2018
High-resolution spatiotemporal transcriptome mapping of tomato fruit development and ripening. Nature Communications. 2018, 364.
The prolyl isomerase FKBP25 regulates microtubule polymerization impacting cell cycle progression and genomic stability. Nucleic Acids Research. 2018
Microbiome Influences Prenatal and Adult Microglia in a Sex-Specific Manner. Cell. 2018.
Gene co-expression analysis for functional classification and gene–disease predictions. Brief Bioinform. 2018.
The landscape of miRNA editing in animals and its impact on miRNA biogenesis and targeting. Genome Research. 2018, 28:132-143 .
Proteomic analysis of postsynaptic proteins in regions of the human neocortex. Nature Neuroscience. 2018, 21(1):130-138.
Mutant-IDH1-dependent chromatin state reprogramming, reversibility, and persistence. Nature Genetics. 2018, 50:62–72.
2017
EGFR feedback-inhibition by Ran-binding protein 6 is disrupted in cancer Nature Communications. 2017, 8:2035.
FMRFamide-like peptides expand the behavioral repertoire of a densely connected nervous system. PNAS. 2017, 114(50):E10726–E10735.
Regeneration of the entire human epidermis using transgenic stem cells. Nature. 2017, 551:327–332.
RNA editing by ADAR1 leads to context-dependent transcriptome-wide changes in RNA secondary structure. Nature Communications. 2017, 8:1440.
Mediator subunit MED25 links the jasmonate receptor to transcriptionally active chromatin. PNAS. 2017, 114(42):E8930-E8939.
qSVA framework for RNA quality correction in differential expression analysis. PNAS. 2017, 114(27):7130-7135.
H2A monoubiquitination in Arabidopsis thaliana is generally independent of LHP1 and PRC2 activity. Genome Biology. 2017, 18:69
The Long Noncoding RNA Landscape of the Ischemic Human Left Ventricle. Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics. 2017, 10:e001534.
Splicing factor 1 modulates dietary restriction and TORC1 pathway longevity in C. elegans. Nature. 2017, 541:102–106.
2016
Dpy30 is critical for maintaining the identity and function of adult hematopoietic stem cells. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2016, 213(11):2349-2364
Classification and characterization of microsatellite instability across 18 cancer types. Nature Medicine. 2016, 22:1342–1350.
Coordinate redeployment of PRC1 proteins suppresses tumor formation during Drosophila development. Nature Genetics. 2016, 48:1436–1442.
Lineage-Specific Genome Architecture Links Enhancers and Non-coding Disease Variants to Target Gene Promoters. Cell. 2016, 167(5):1369-1384.
Mining kidney toxicogenomic data by using gene co-expression modules. BMC Genomics. 2016, 17:790.
 Nature Communications. 2016, 7:12868
Antibiotic-mediated gut microbiome perturbation accelerates development of type 1 diabetes in mice. Nature Microbiology. 2016, 1:16140.
Comprehensive identification of internal structure and alternative splicing events in circular RNAs. Nature Communications. 2016, 7:12060.
Age-related accrual of methylomic variability is linked to fundamental ageing mechanisms. Genome Biology. 2016, 17:191.
TP53 regulates miRNA association with AGO2 to remodel the miRNA–mRNA interaction network. Genome Research. 2016, 26:331-341.
ReactomePA: an R/Bioconductor package for reactome pathway analysis and visualization. Molecular BioSystems. 2016, 12(2):477-479.
2015
ChIPseeker: an R/Bioconductor package for ChIP peak annotation, comparision and visualization. Bioinformatics. 2015, 31(14):2382-2383.
DOSE: an R/Bioconductor package for Disease Ontology Semantic and Enrichment analysis. Bioinformatics. 2015, 31(4):608-609.
Aberrant DNA methylation in non-small cell lung cancer-associated fibroblasts. Carcinogenesis. 2015, 36(12):1453-1463.
A neural crest origin for cohesinopathy heart defects. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2015, 24(24): 7005-7016.
Genome-wide disruption of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in a mouse model of autism. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2015, 24(24):7121-7131.
Correlation of clinical features and genetic profiles of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) in colorectal cancers. Oncotarget. 2015, 6(39):42169–42182.
2014
Age- and diet-associated metabolome remodeling characterizes the aging process driven by damage accumulation. eLife 2014,3:e02077
Expression Profiling of the Wheat Pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici Reveals Genomic Patterns of Transcription and Host-Specific Regulatory Programs. Genome Biol Evol 2014, 6(6): 1353-1365.
Proteomic analysis of putative heme-binding proteins in Streptococcus pyogenes. Metallomics 2014, 6:1451-1459
2013
Putative cobalt- and nickel-binding proteins and motifs in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Metallomics 2013,5:928-935.
A novel andrographolide derivative AL-1 exerts its cytotoxicity on K562 cells through a ROS-dependent mechanism. Proteomics 2013, 13(1):169–178.


Found by Anil BangerA IN 2008, Providing all types of Machine loading and unloading and also erection of machines All the services are booked through telephone calls, we provide services in Mangalore, Puttur, Udupi and all places nearby. For more information Contact us
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The Pope, on the first full day of his visit to mainly Buddhist Thailand, led a Mass in Bangkok's National Stadium for tens of thousands of exuberant Roman Catholics in a country where they make up less than 1 per cent of the population.
"For us, it is as if God himself is here," said Nutaporn Kwanmuang, 27, who attended the Mass, the largest gathering of Catholics since Pope John Paul II visited in 1984. Tens of thousands of others watched on screens in an adjacent stadium.
In his homily, Pope Francis mentioned the exploitation of women and children and the plight of refugees and migrants for the second time in one day.
"Here I think of children and women who are victims of prostitution and human trafficking, humiliated in their essential human dignity," said the 82-year-old pope, who looked tired at the end of a long day.
READ: Pope Francis arrives in Thailand at start of Asia trip
Thailand, which attracts some 35 million tourists a year, has sought to shed its reputation for sex tourism. But repeated crackdowns have not rid Bangkok and other tourist hubs of go-go bars and massage parlours that often offer sex.
There are around 123,530 sex workers in Thailand, according to a 2014 UNAIDS report.
Earlier, in his first address on Thursday, Pope Francis expressed appreciation for the Thai government’s efforts "to extirpate this scourge, and for all those private individuals and organisations working to uproot this evil and to provide ways to restore their (victims') dignity".
At both venues, he defending migrants and refugees and condemned human trafficking.
The number of human trafficking victims rescued in Thailand is set to hit a record high this year. Demand for cheap labour in neighbouring Malaysia has caused a jump in the illegal trade, according to government data.
READ: Despite bombings and gunfire, illicit sex trade draws tourists to Thailand’s restive south
INTER-FAITH DIALOGUE
Thailand is home to some of Asia’s oldest refugee camps.
About 100,000 refugees from Myanmar have been living in nine camps along the border for decades, many since the early 1980s.
More recently, Thailand has been a major venue for human smugglers and traffickers of tens of thousands of Muslim Rohingya who have fled crackdowns in Myanmar.
In a gesture of inter-religious dialogue, Pope Francis on Thursday morning visited the gilded Wat Ratchabophit Sathit Maha Simaram Temple to pay his respects to Thailand's Supreme Buddhist Patriarch, the 91-year-old Somdet Phra Maha Muniwong.
Thailand's Catholics number around 380,000 in a country of more than 65 million, but the small community has thrived and relations with the Buddhists are generally good.
READ: Small in numbers, Thai Catholics preserve centuries-old traditions
The Pope, who is accused by ultra-conservative Catholics of being too accommodating to other religions, praised the effects he said Buddhism has had on Thais.
"The majority of Thais have drunk deeply from the sources of Buddhism, which have imbued their way of venerating life and their ancestors, and leading a sober lifestyle based on contemplation, detachment, hard work and discipline," Pope Francis told the patriarch.
Pope Francis leaves for Japan on Saturday.


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Member onboarding brochure.
Website redesign and process.
Customer engagement app concept
Personal logo design and process.


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Bookmarks
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GNSS Signals
Description of Open Service GNSS signals transmitted by satellites. -
Squash commits into one with Git
A nice way to group some changes together, especially before sharing them with others. -
Sequential Exeuction, Multiprocessing, and Multithreading IO-Bound Tasks in Python
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Distributions that only ships Python 3.X
Is it possible currently? I tried to remove python in Fedora 19 but yum depends on it. -
Deanonymizing Tor Circuits
Since starting my Tor onion service that provides access to the Internet Archive, I've seen a wide range of Tor-based attacks. I have documented many of these in various blog entries. -
A Skeptic's Guide to Modern Monetary Theory
Mankiw NG. A Skeptic's Guide to Modern Monetary Theory. Prepared for AEA Meeting, January. 2020. -
The Illustrated GPT-2 (Visualizing Transformer Language Models)
This year, we saw a dazzling application of machine learning. The OpenAI GPT-2 exhibited impressive ability of writing coherent and passionate essays that exceed what we anticipated current language models are able to produce. The GPT-2 wasn’t a particularly novel architecture – it’s architecture is very similar to the decoder-only transformer. The GPT2 was, however, a very large, transformer-based language model trained on a massive dataset. In this post, we’ll look at the architecture that enabled the model to produce its results. -
How to run a program without an operating system?
How do you run a program all by itself without an operating system running? Can you create assembly programs that the computer can load and run at startup, e.g. boot the computer from a flash drive... -
Building interactive SSH applications
After the announcement of shell access for builds.sr.ht jobs, a few people sent me some questions, wondering how this sort of thing is done. Writing interactive SSH applications is actually pretty easy, but it does require some knowledge of the pieces involved and a little bit of general Unix literacy. -
Balancing the benefit of deliberate jamming and the cost of self-interference in a software defined radio challenge
This experiment came out of a software radio design challenge used in coursework at New York University and the University of Thessaly. (See Report on university course based on DARPA Spectrum Challenge.) The goal of the project is to design a radio pair that delivers more data from transmitter to -
Using GPUs with Virtual Machines on vSphere - Part 2: VMDirectPath I/O - Virtualize Applications
This is part 2 of a series of blog articles on the subject of using GPUs with VMware vSphere. Part 1 of this series presents an overview of the various options for using GPUs on vSphere Part 2 describes the DirectPath I/O (Passthrough) mechanism for GPUs Part 3 gives details on setting up the NVIDIA Virtual -
Your Makefiles are wrong
Your Makefiles are full of tabs and errors. An opinionated approach to writing (GNU) Makefiles that I learned from Ben may still be able to salvage them. -
How Unix Works: Become a Better Software Engineer
A tale of files and processes. Learn how Unix and Linux work from the ground up in this small complete guide to unix. Learn common mistakes people make while working with unix, and how to fix them. Figure out why unix vs linux doesn’t make sense. -
OpenAI's GPT-2: Build World's Most Advanced Text Generator in Python
Build your own text generator in Python using OpenAI's GPT-2 framework! GPT-2 is the world's most advanced framework for NLP tasks in Python. -
...And then what? — Finn Shewell
This scene from The Social Network stuck with me for nearly a decade - how could someone be smart enough to use meteorology to predict oil futures? It wasn’t until I stumbled upon Principles by Ray Dalio that it clicked - and that I realised it’s a transferrable skill. -
Sequential Exeuction, Multiprocessing, and Multithreading IO-Bound Tasks in Python - Zac Szewczyk
Software Engineer


Here you can search for form submissions across every form in your site (to help you comply with the GDPR among other things).
Depending on the size of your site and the number of forms, it could take a little while to perform the search.


Welcome to my portfolio
I'm a self-taught Louisiana Based Cosplayer who works primarily with foams and 2-part resins. I'm also a writter for Kick Punch Block, and FGC organization that focuses on lowering the barrier of entry to fight games and now cosplay as well. You can find a link to our page through the "My Team" tab a long with a link to all of my tutorials.


Super Junior's Sungmin to make his solo debut in late November
by YanderedanSuper Junior's Sungmin is going to make his solo debut!
SJ Label earlier this week confirmed that Sungmin will be making his debut, and he is going to debut in late November, they have also confirmed that they are done filming the MV and Jacket will are in final preparations for his debut.
Stay tuned for more updates!


MESSIAH, THE (MESSIA, IL) (director/writer: Roberto Rossellini; screenwriter: Silvia D'Amico Bendico; cinematographer: Mario Montuori; editors: Jolanda Benvenuti/Laurent Quaglio; cast: Carlos de Carvalho, Toni Ucci, Flora Carabella, 1978-Italy)
Reviewed by Dennis Schwartz
Roberto Rossellini's attempt at telling the Christ story. This is the last film made by the celebrated Italian neorealist. It was made for Italian TV and was completed in 1975 (Rossellini died in 1977). "The Messiah" did not surface in the States until this year, as it was released on video, and it still remains one of his least known films. This is not a good swan song for him to go out on. It was an unbearably dull and simplistic film: poorly acted and with a vile and inaccurate depiction of Jews, the scenery consisted of gaudy TV stage sets, and there was just no emotion drawn from the story. It was so badly done, that it seemed like all the figures were wooden. It therefore doesn't surprise me that this film was rarely seen, even in Europe, the producers were probably happy to bury it.
Rossellini has had a checkered past in films due to his changing politics and controversial lifestyle. He comes from a wealthy family, his father was an architect. Rossellini showed his love for film as an amateur by making short subject films. In 1938, he was recruited by the Fascist regime to make films, and started out as a collaborator on the script of Luciano Serra Pilota (38). This was strictly a propaganda film and Il Duce's son was the film's supervisor. He made a few more Fascist-commissioned films and in 1943 he shot Desiderio, which was a precursor of his trademarked neorealist style to come later.
In the postwar years, Rossellini caught the attention of the intellectual crowd because of his neorealist style and became one of their favorites, causing him to have a large international following. His WW11-theme trilogy captured the fancy of the public and the neorealism movement. He made Open City (45), Paisan (46), and Germany Year Zero (47). He gradually moved away from the neorealism movement and by the early '50s "The Ingrid Bergman" period developed. The Swedish-born actress was a successful Hollywood star who wrote him a fan letter and suggested they work together on a film. In 1950, they married amid a public scandal. They both left their spouses and lived as lovers before their divorces could come through. For that, the couple were constantly scandalized by the print media.
Because the public reacted poorly to their private lives, both film careers suffered greatly. Together they made Stromboli (49), a film that I liked very much and thought it was underrated. He also made Strangers in 1953, which might be the best film he made during this period. By 1957, Rossellini fell in love with Indian screenwriter Somali Das Gupta, whose pregnancy led to his separation and divorce from Ingrid. He had a rough few years from the movie public, who stayed away from his films and booed him at the Moscow film festival. In 1959, he started his way back in the public's favor with General Della Rovere. By the 1960s, he was doing many TV movies, culminating in this one.
The first mistake Rossellini made in "The Messiah," was that he went back to the time of the first Hebrew king, Saul, and tried to tell in an anecdotal form the history of eleven centuries, leading up to the empty tomb of Christ after the crucifixion. He chose for himself an impossible task and proved that he was only haphazzardly able to cover such complex themes; such as, why a king was such a terrible concept as conceived by the Hebrews, how the Hebrew tribes fought amongst themselves, the John the Baptist story, and finally his emphasis on Jesus's own people, the Pharisees, delivering him to the Romans to be killed. The Romans are made to seem like benign rulers, only too glad to please the Jews and grant them their wish. The cruelty of the Romans was never even hinted at. Rossellini also took the religion out of Jesus and made the rabbi seem as if he was merely a moralist, who was more a humanitarian and a Mr. Nice Guy than anything else. I found this a difficult film to find anything in it that was praiseworthy. The director was trying to go back to film in his neorealism style, but couldn't even come close to duplicating the passionate films he is best remembered for. This film is only for those who feel compelled to see all of Rossellini's films from 1936-1978, the good, the bad, and the ugly.
REVIEWED ON 6/22/2000 GRADE: D
Dennis Schwartz: "Ozus' World Movie Reviews"
http://www.sover.net/~ozus
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Man Utd boss Ole Gunnar Solskjaer issues Scott McTominay injury update
Solskjaer fears McTominay could be out with 'painful' ankle injury for as much as two months
by Gareth BicknellManchester United boss Ole Gunnar Solskjaer has outlined his fears that Scott McTominay could be out for two months after suffering an ankle injury.
McTominay was passed fit to play in United's 3-1 win over Brighton on Sunday after suffering a knock to his foot in Thursday's Europa League victory over Partizan Belgrade.
But injury struck again as the midfielder went over on his ankle close to the end of the win over Brighton at Old Trafford which catapulted United up to seventh in the Premier League.
McTominay is due to have a scan on Monday to determine the severity of the injury - with United boss Solskjaer hoping that one of his star performers will only be sidelined for a couple of weeks at most.
However, Solskjaer recalled one injury he suffered in his playing days which kept him out for eight weeks.
"He went over on his ankle. It's a painful one," said the former United striker.
"I've had one and I was out for eight weeks. But then again sometimes you're back in two weeks, so I don't know.
"He's in for a scan tomorrow, but it looked painful and he's not one for rolling around."
With the international break coming up United are not in action for two weeks, with their next game the visit to Sheffield United in the Premier League on November 24.
But McTominay looks set to miss Scotland's Euro 2020 qualifying double-header against Cyprus and Kazakhstan.
Having been helped off the pitch after treatment, he was taken down the tunnel on a stretcher after several minutes of attention in the technical area.
McTominay was able to walk out of Old Trafford, albeit with a bit of a limp.
On Monday he is due to meet up with his Scotland team-mates ahead of their final European Championship qualifiers against Cyprus away to Cyprus next Saturday and at home to Kazakhstan a week on Tuesday.


We are a group of Scala enthusiasts. You may talk with us on Slack. It's possible to post a job advert with salary boundaries on #hiring.


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Are you ready for Soulgasm?
by Miriam HalpennyNoted spiritual conduit Dan King visits Kelowna Wednesday night for a live show called Soulgasm, to benefit the Paws it Forward dog rescue.
King has worked with Deepak Chopra, Sylvia Browne, and talk show host Montel Williams.
He prides himself on his ability to help others by connecting them with deceased loved ones or understanding the deepest parts of their well-being.
Doors open at 6:30 p.m. at the Days Inn by Wyndham in Kelowna, and King will begin the night with an open talk focused on 'what life is, who we are and why we're here' at 7 p.m.
"At the end of the day, if I want to be known as anything, it's somebody that guided people back to self love," King says.
Following the talk, King will conduct an audience Q&A where each guest can ask a question in the form of a reading.
For each ticket sold, $5 will be donated towards Paws it Forward.
"I've always been an animal lover. Animals, too are, the closest thing to what our soul really is – and that is unconditional love," says King.
The event runs to 10 p.m. and seating is limited. For more information and to get tickets, click here.


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Home
I’m a software engineering graduate,
with about 8 years of experience in IT
operations and IT infrastructure management.
Experience & Education
- Software Engineer - 2013
- IT supervisor - 2013
- Assistant Technology Manager - 2016
- Student - 2021
Experience & Education
- Software Engineer - 2013
- IT supervisor - 2013
- Assistant Technology Manager - 2016
- Student - 2021


Target Contrastive Pessimistic Classifier¶
-
class
libtlda.tcpr.
TargetContrastivePessimisticClassifier
(loss='lda', l2=1.0, max_iter=500, tolerance=1e-12, learning_rate=1.0, rate_decay='linear', verbosity=0)¶ Classifiers based on Target Contrastive Pessimistic Risk minimization.
Methods contain models, risk functions, parameter estimation, etc.
Methods
-
add_intercept
(X)¶ Add 1’s to data as last features.
-
combine_class_covariances
(Si, pi)¶ Linear combination of class covariance matrices.
Parameters: Si : array
Covariance matrix (D features by D features by K classes)
pi : array
class proportions (1 by K classes)
Returns: Si : array
Combined covariance matrix (D by D)
-
discriminant_parameters
(X, Y)¶ Estimate parameters of Gaussian distribution for discriminant analysis.
Parameters: X : array
data array (N samples by D features)
Y : array
label array (N samples by K classes)
Returns: pi : array
class proportions (1 by K classes)
mu : array
class means (K classes by D features)
Si : array
class covariances (D features D features by K classes)
-
error_rate
(preds, u_)¶ Compute classification error rate.
-
fit
(X, y, Z)¶ Fit/train an importance-weighted classifier.
Parameters: X : array
source data (N samples by D features)
y : array
source labels (N samples by 1)
Z : array
target data (M samples by D features)
Returns: None
-
get_params
()¶ Return classifier parameters.
-
learning_rate_t
(t)¶ Compute current learning rate after decay.
Parameters: t : int
current iteration
Returns: alpha : float
current learning rate
-
neg_log_likelihood
(X, theta)¶ Compute negative log-likelihood under Gaussian distributions.
Parameters: X : array
data (N samples by D features)
theta : tuple(array, array, array)
tuple containing class proportions ‘pi’, class means ‘mu’, and class-covariances ‘Si’
Returns: L : array
loss (N samples by K classes)
-
predict
(Z_)¶ Make predictions on new dataset.
Parameters: Z : array
new data set (M samples by D features)
Returns: preds : array
label predictions (M samples by 1)
-
project_simplex
(v, z=1.0)¶ Project vector onto simplex using sorting.
Reference: “Efficient Projections onto the L1-Ball for Learning in High Dimensions (Duchi, Shalev-Shwartz, Singer, Chandra, 2006).”
Parameters: v : array
vector to be projected (n dimensions by 0)
z : float
constant (def: 1.0)
Returns: w : array
projected vector (n dimensions by 0)
-
remove_intercept
(X)¶ Remove 1’s from data as last features.
-
risk
(Z, theta, q)¶ Compute target contrastive pessimistic risk.
Parameters: Z : array
target samples (M samples by D features)
theta : array
classifier parameters (D features by K classes)
q : array
soft labels (M samples by K classes)
Returns: float
Value of risk function.
-
tcpr_da
(X, y, Z)¶ Target Contrastive Pessimistic Risk - discriminant analysis.
Parameters: X : array
source data (N samples by D features)
y : array
source labels (N samples by 1)
Z : array
target data (M samples by D features)
Returns: theta : array
classifier parameters (D features by K classes)
-


MICROCODE_CTL
Section: Misc. Reference Manual Pages (8)Updated: 19 September 2006
Index Return to Main Contents
NAME
microcode_ctl - microcode utility for Intel IA32 processorsSYNOPSIS
microcode_ctl [-h] [-u [-q]] [-Q] [-f microcode]DESCRIPTION
The microcode_ctl utility is a companion to the IA32 microcode driver written
by Tigran Aivazian<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The utility has two uses:
a) it decodes and sends new microcode to the kernel driver to be uploaded to Intel IA32 processors. (Pentium Pro, PII, Celeron, PIII, Xeon, Pentium 4 etc)
b) it signals the kernel driver to release the buffers containing the
copy of microcode data actually applied to given CPU, linear array of 2048
bytes per CPU, see struct microcode in include/asm/processor.h for
information on the layout of chunks buffers may hold
The microcode update is volatile and needs to be uploaded on each system
boot i.e. it doesn't reflash your cpu permanently, reboot and it reverts
back to the old microcode.
- -h
- display usage and exit
- -u
- upload microcode (from default filename)
- -f
- upload microcode from named Intel formatted file
- -q
- run silently when successful
- -Q
- run silently even on failure
EXAMPLE
- microcode_ctl -u
- Upload microcode using defaults
FILES
- /etc/microcode.dat
- The default microcode location
AUTHOR
Microcode utility written by Simon TrimmerLinux Kernel driver written by Tigran Aivazian.
REPORTING BUGS
Report bugs to either Simon Trimmer<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or Tigran Aivazian<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Copyright © 2000 VERITAS SoftwareThis is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
SPECIAL THANKS
Thanks to the Intel Corporation, for supplying microcode update data and publishing the specifications that enabled us to write microcode driver for Linux.SEE ALSO
The brave are recommended to view the driver source code located in the Linux Kernel source tree in arch/i386/kernel/microcode.cVisit http://www.urbanmyth.org/microcode/ for more information and microcode updates.
Index
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 05:34:27 GMT, December 24, 2015


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ALLOWS TO SHARE COST FUNCTIONS DEFINED IN EXTENSION IN ORDER TO REDUCE PROBLEM FILE SIZE
NEW WCSP FORMAT WITH SOFT GLOBAL COST FUNCTIONS THANKS TO K. L. Leung, Hong-Kong.
Plan
The cp and wcsp formats are used to encode Weighted Constraint Satisfaction Problems (WCSPs). The CSP framework has been augmented with so-called soft constraints or cost functions with which it is possible to express preferences among solutions. The WCSP framework associates costs to tuples and the goal is to find a complete assignment with minimum cost.
In short, a WCSP is expressed by a set of discrete variables with integer domains (can be 0/1 boolean domains or non-consecutive integers), by a set of constraints restricting the space of feasible combinations of values for these variables, and by a set of cost functions also defined on subsets of the variables and the sum of which defines the global objective function to minimize.
In WCSP, constraints are just special cost functions which assign infinite cost to forbidden combinations of values for their variables. Costs are positive integers. The infinite cost corresponds to either a large integer (toulbar2 accepts 64-bit long long int) or an initial problem upper-bound.
The WCSP framework allows to express CSP/SAT, Weighted Max-CSP/Max-SAT, ILP, pseudo-boolean optimization, quadratic optimization, and probabilistic networks such as Bayesian Network (MPE task) or Markov Random Field (MAP task). Probabilistic networks are encoded using logarithmic functions multiplied by a big integer to get integer costs.
In practice, solvable WCSP instances are restricted to relatively short domains (a few dozen integer values) and short arity cost functions (except for clauses or special global cost functions such as alldifferent or gcc).
A reference to what a WCSP is can be found in:
In the quest of the best form of local consistency for Weighted CSP Javier Larrosa and Thomas Schiex In Proc. of the 18th IJCAI, Acapulco, Mexico, August 2003 http://www.inra.fr/bia/T/schiex/Export/ijcai03.pdf
In order to encode WCSPs, two formats have been defined. The cp format is a high level format that can be translated into the low level wcsp format readable by toulbar2.
It is a line-oriented text format. The first non-comment line gives the problem name and optionally an initial problem upper bound (UB). Next, each following line defines either a new variable and its domain or a new cost function. Lines starting with a '#' character are ignored (comment line).
A variable is defined by its name followed by its domain, given as a list of integer values (can be positive or negative, not necessarily consecutive or increasing numbers). The name of a variable must be a sequence of letters, digits, or underscores, and it may not begin with a digit. Case is significant: a and A are distinct variables. A domain must contain at least one value.
Cost functions are defined either by a formula or by a list of tuples with their associated costs or by a specific global cost function keyword. A formula is an arithmetic expression involving some already-defined variable names. Its evaluation (replacing each variable by a value in its domain) should always return an integer (positive or negative). A negative value means a forbidden assignment (hard constraint) and it is automatically replaced by UB.
The syntax of a formula follows the AWK syntax, similar to C code, using +,-,*,/,^,%,||,&&,!,<,>,<=,>=,==,!=,?: arithmetic, logical and comparison operators and sqrt,cos,sin,log,int,abs,min,max,hard,soft,alldiff,shared,... built-in functions (see http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/gawk.html#Expressions). The formula must be self-content and perform no side effects. Two additional built-in functions, hard and soft, are used to express hard and soft constraints. Function hard(expr) returns -1 (forbidden assignment) if expr evaluates to 0 (i.e. false), otherwise it returns 0. Function soft(cost, expr) returns cost if expr evaluates to 0 (false), otherwise it returns 0.
Function alldiff(x,y,z,...) (up to 10 variables) returns 1 (i.e. true) if all its variables take a different value, otherwise it returns 0 (false).
A formula can be shared by several cost functions with the same arity (and same domain sizes) but different scopes. In order to do that, the formula must be encapsulated by the shared function (e.g. shared(soft(1, x + y < z))). Each shared cost function implicitly receives an occurrence number starting from 1 and incremented at each new shared definition. New cost functions can reuse some previously defined cost functions by using the defined by keyword preceded by its scope and followed by the desired occurrence number (e.g. following our previous example, u v w defined by 1 is equivalent to soft(1, u + v < w))).
A cost function can also be defined in extension. The first line must contain the variable names in its scope followed by a default cost value. Each following line defines a tuple (domain values assigned to variables in the same order as in the first line) followed by its associated cost. Non-defined tuples take the default cost.
Finally, a cost function can be defined in intention using (global) cost functions predefined in the wcsp format. The format is:
scope -1 keyword parametersPossible keywords are salldiff, sgcc, ssame, sregular, <, >, <=, >=, =, disj, sdisj. See the wcsp format description for their meaning and associated parameters. Note that the cost function definition must be contained into a single line of text.
If there is no initial upper bound, then the sum of all the maximum costs for each cost function plus one is taken as an initial upper bound: UB = 1 + sum_{c in cost_functions}(max_{t in tuples} (max(0,cost(c,t)))).
A typical example is the 4-Queens problem. Place 4 queens on a 4x4 chessboard in such a way that no one queen could take another queen. A solution is given by the following picture ()
A first formulation in cp format is given below:
# problem name 4_QUEENS # variables with their explicit domains queen1 1 2 3 4 queen2 1 2 3 4 queen3 1 2 3 4 queen4 1 2 3 4 # hard constraints hard( alldiff(queen1, queen2, queen3, queen4) ) hard( alldiff(queen1+1, queen2+2, queen3+3, queen4+4) ) hard( alldiff(queen1-1, queen2-2, queen3-3, queen4-4) ) # end of file 4queens.cp
Another equivalent formulation is given below using global cost functions (salldiff) native in toulbar2:
# problem name 4_QUEENS # variables with their explicit domains queen1 1 2 3 4 queen2 1 2 3 4 queen3 1 2 3 4 queen4 1 2 3 4 # hard constraints # equivalent to: hard( alldiff(queen1, queen2, queen3, queen4) ) queen1 queen2 queen3 queen4 -1 salldiff var -1 # equivalent to: hard( alldiff(queen1+1, queen2+2, queen3+3, queen4+4) ) # but using wcsp native global cost function # which requires here to add intermediate variables (all variables must have the same domain) queen1p1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 queen2p2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 queen3p3 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 queen4p4 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 hard(queen1p1 == queen1+1) hard(queen2p2 == queen2+2) hard(queen3p3 == queen3+3) hard(queen4p4 == queen4+4) queen1p1 queen2p2 queen3p3 queen4p4 -1 salldiff var -1 # equivalent to: hard( alldiff(queen1-1, queen2-2, queen3-3, queen4-4) ) queen1m1 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 queen2m2 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 queen3m3 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 queen4m4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 hard(queen1m1 == queen1-1) hard(queen2m2 == queen2-2) hard(queen3m3 == queen3-3) hard(queen4m4 == queen4-4) queen1m1 queen2m2 queen3m3 queen4m4 -1 salldiff var -1 # end of file 4queens-salldiff.cp
Finally, another formulation of the same problem using shared cost functions and cost functions defined in extension:
# problem name and initial problem upper bound 4_QUEENS-bis 1 # variables with their explicit domains queen_row1 1 2 3 4 queen_row2 1 2 3 4 queen_row3 1 2 3 4 queen_row4 1 2 3 4 # cost functions defined by a formula... hard( alldiff(queen_row1, queen_row2, queen_row3, queen_row4) ) shared(hard( abs(queen_row1 - queen_row2) != 1 )) shared(hard( abs(queen_row1 - queen_row3) != 2 )) queen_row2 queen_row3 defined by 1 queen_row2 queen_row4 defined by 2 queen_row3 queen_row4 defined by 1 # ... or by a list of tuples. # hard( abs(queen_row1 - queen_row4) != 3 ) # is equivalent to: queen_row1 queen_row4 0 1 4 -1 4 1 -1 # end of file 4queens-bis.cp
It is a text format composed of a list of numerical and string terms separated by spaces. Instead of using names for making reference to variables, variable indexes are employed. The same for domain values. All indexes start at zero.
Cost functions can be defined in intention (see below) or in extension, by their list of tuples. A default cost value is defined per function in order to reduce the size of the list. Only tuples with a different cost value should be given. All the cost values must be positive. The arity of a cost function in extension may be equal to zero. In this case, there is no tuples and the default cost value is added to the cost of any solution. This can be used to represent a global lower bound of the problem.
The wcsp file format is composed of: first, the problem name and dimensions, then the variable domain sizes, and last, the cost functions.
<Problem name> <Number of variables (N)> <Maximum domain size> <Number of cost functions> <Initial global upper bound of the problem (UB)>
The goal is to find an assignment of all the variables with minimum total cost, strictly lower than UB. Tuples with a cost greater than or equal to UB are forbidden (hard constraint).
<Domain size of variable with index 0> ... <Domain size of variable with index N - 1>
Note:
domain values range from zero to size-1 a negative domain size is interpreted as a variable with an interval domain in $[0,-size-1]$
Warning:
variables with interval domains are restricted to arithmetic and disjunctive cost functions in intention (see below)
<Arity of the cost function> <Index of the first variable in the scope of the cost function> ... <Index of the last variable in the scope of the cost function> <Default cost value> <Number of tuples with a cost different than the default cost>
followed by for every tuple with a cost different than the default cost:
<Index of the value assigned to the first variable in the scope> ... <Index of the value assigned to the last variable in the scope> <Cost of the tuple>Note: a cost function in extension can be shared by several cost functions with the same arity (and same domain sizes) but different scopes. In order to do that, the cost function to be shared must start by a negative scope size. Each shared cost function implicitly receives an occurrence number starting from 1 and incremented at each new shared definition. New cost functions in extension can reuse some previously defined shared cost functions in extension by using a negative number of tuples representing the occurrence number of the desired shared cost function. Note that default costs should be the same in the shared and new cost functions. Here is an example of 4 variables with domain size 4 and one AllDifferent? hard constraint decomposed into 6 binary constraints.
AllDifferentDecomposedIntoBinaryConstraints? 4 4 6 1 4 4 4 4 -2 0 1 0 4 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 3 1 2 0 2 0 -1 2 0 3 0 -1 2 1 2 0 -1 2 1 3 0 -1 2 2 3 0 -1
<Arity of the cost function> <Index of the first variable in the scope of the cost function> ... <Index of the last variable in the scope of the cost function> -1 <keyword> <parameter1> ... <parameterK>Possible keywords followed by their specific parameters:
Warning:
list_size1 and list_size2 must be equal in ssame. Cost functions defined in intention cannot be shared.
Examples:
* quadratic cost function $x0 * x1$ in extension with variable domains $\{0,1\}$ (equivalent to a soft clause $\neg x0 \vee \neg x1$): 2 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 * simple arithmetic hard constraint $x1 < x2$: 2 1 2 -1 < 0 0 * hard temporal disjunction$x1 \geq x2 + 2 \vee x2 \geq x1 + 1$: 2 1 2 -1 disj 1 2 UB * soft_alldifferent({x0,x1,x2,x3}): 4 0 1 2 3 -1 salldiff var 1 * soft_gcc({x1,x2,x3,x4} with each value v from 1 to 4 only appearing at least v-1 and at most v+1 times: 4 1 2 3 4 -1 sgcc var 1 4 1 0 2 2 1 3 3 2 4 4 3 5 * soft_same({x0,x1,x2,x3},{x4,x5,x6,x7}): 8 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 -1 ssame 1 4 4 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 * soft_regular({x1,x2,x3}) with DFA (3*)+(4*): 3 1 2 3 -1 sregular var 1 2 1 0 2 0 1 3 0 3 0 0 4 1 1 4 1
Latin Square 4 x 4 crisp CSP Example
latin4 16 4 8 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 0 1 2 3 -1 salldiff var 1 4 4 5 6 7 -1 salldiff var 1 4 8 9 10 11 -1 salldiff var 1 4 12 13 14 15 -1 salldiff var 1 4 0 4 8 12 -1 salldiff var 1 4 1 5 9 13 -1 salldiff var 1 4 2 6 10 14 -1 salldiff var 1 4 3 7 11 15 -1 salldiff var 1
You need to have the following software installed on your computer:
gawk version 3.1 or later (previous versions or other awk programs will not work!) GNU/Linux systems: http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/gawk.html (sources) http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gawk/gawk-3.1.3.tar.gz Windows systems: http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/packages/gawk.htm (binary) http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/downlinks/gawk-bin.php
Moreover, you need the following files in your working directory:
cp2wcsp.awk (https://mulcyber.toulouse.inra.fr/scm/viewvc.php/*checkout*/trunk/toulbar2/misc/script/cp2wcsp.awk?revision=723&root=toulbar2) libcp.awk (https://mulcyber.toulouse.inra.fr/scm/viewvc.php/*checkout*/trunk/toulbar2/misc/script/libcp.awk?revision=723&root=toulbar2) solution2cp.awk (https://mulcyber.toulouse.inra.fr/scm/viewvc.php/*checkout*/trunk/toulbar2/misc/script/solution2cp.awk?revision=723&root=toulbar2)
The command line usage is the following:
gawk -f cp2wcsp.awk problem.cp > problem.wcsp
If libcp.awk is placed in a different directory, you should set the AWKPATH environment variable:
set AWKPATH = mydirectory
For a faster evaluation of the constraint formulae, mawk can be used instead of gawk inside the awk script (see ftp://ftp.whidbey.net/pub/brennan/ and http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/packages/mawk.htm). If you have mawk installed, just uncomment the two lines using mawk in the file cp2wcsp.awk.
The 4-Queens problem in cp format (https://mulcyber.toulouse.inra.fr/scm/viewvc.php/*checkout*/trunk/toulbar2/validation/default/4queens.cp?revision=724&root=toulbar2) is translated in the wcsp format by typing this command:
awk -f cp2wcsp.awk ../academics/4queens.cp 4_QUEENS 4 4 3 1 4 4 4 4 4 0 1 2 3 1 24 0 1 2 3 0 0 1 3 2 0 0 2 1 3 0 0 2 3 1 0 0 3 1 2 0 0 3 2 1 0 1 0 2 3 0 1 0 3 2 0 1 2 0 3 0 1 2 3 0 0 1 3 0 2 0 1 3 2 0 0 2 0 1 3 0 2 0 3 1 0 2 1 0 3 0 2 1 3 0 0 2 3 0 1 0 2 3 1 0 0 3 0 1 2 0 3 0 2 1 0 3 1 0 2 0 3 1 2 0 0 3 2 0 1 0 3 2 1 0 0 4 0 1 2 3 1 90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 2 2 0 0 1 2 3 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 3 1 0 0 1 3 3 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 2 0 3 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 2 2 3 0 0 2 3 1 0 0 2 3 3 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 0 2 0 0 3 0 3 0 0 3 1 2 0 0 3 1 3 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 3 3 3 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 2 0 1 1 1 3 0 1 1 2 0 0 1 1 2 2 0 1 1 2 3 0 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 3 1 0 1 1 3 3 0 1 2 0 1 0 1 2 0 2 0 1 2 0 3 0 1 2 2 2 0 1 2 2 3 0 1 2 3 1 0 1 2 3 3 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 3 0 2 0 1 3 0 3 0 1 3 1 2 0 1 3 1 3 0 1 3 3 0 0 1 3 3 3 0 2 0 1 1 0 2 0 1 2 0 2 0 1 3 0 2 0 2 0 0 2 0 2 2 0 2 0 2 3 0 2 0 3 0 0 2 0 3 1 0 2 0 3 3 0 2 2 2 2 0 2 2 2 3 0 2 2 3 1 0 2 2 3 3 0 2 3 1 2 0 2 3 1 3 0 2 3 3 0 0 2 3 3 3 0 3 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 2 0 3 0 0 3 0 3 0 2 2 0 3 0 2 3 0 3 0 3 1 0 3 0 3 3 0 3 1 2 2 0 3 1 2 3 0 3 1 3 1 0 3 1 3 3 0 3 3 0 2 0 3 3 0 3 0 3 3 3 3 0 4 0 1 2 3 1 90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 0 2 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 3 3 1 0 0 3 3 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 0 1 0 2 0 0 1 0 2 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 2 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 3 0 2 0 1 3 0 3 0 1 3 1 0 0 1 3 1 1 0 1 3 1 3 0 1 3 2 0 0 1 3 2 1 0 1 3 2 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 2 0 2 0 0 2 0 2 1 0 2 0 3 0 0 2 0 3 1 0 2 0 3 3 0 2 1 0 0 0 2 1 0 2 0 2 1 1 0 0 2 1 1 1 0 2 1 3 0 0 2 1 3 1 0 2 1 3 2 0 2 2 0 0 0 2 2 0 2 0 2 2 0 3 0 2 2 1 0 0 2 2 1 1 0 2 2 1 3 0 2 2 2 0 0 2 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 3 0 3 0 2 0 0 3 0 2 1 0 3 0 3 0 0 3 0 3 1 0 3 0 3 3 0 3 1 0 0 0 3 1 0 2 0 3 1 1 0 0 3 1 1 1 0 3 1 3 0 0 3 1 3 1 0 3 1 3 2 0 3 2 0 0 0 3 2 0 2 0 3 2 0 3 0 3 2 1 0 0 3 2 1 1 0 3 2 1 3 0 3 2 2 0 0 3 2 2 1 0 3 2 2 2 0 3 3 0 0 0 3 3 0 2 0 3 3 0 3 0 3 3 1 0 0 3 3 1 1 0 3 3 1 3 0 3 3 2 0 0 3 3 2 1 0 3 3 2 2 0 3 3 3 0 0 3 3 3 1 0 3 3 3 2 0 3 3 3 3 0 <end-of-file 4queens.wcsp>
The awk script will choose the best default cost value in order to minimize the number of tuples for every constraint defined by a formula only. Moreover, variables with only one value per domain are constants which disappear after translation into the wcsp format. Also, negative cost values are replaced by the global upper bound ub. Finally, the awk script is able to detect possible errors in the input file.
Any comment or contribution to these formats should be sent to simon.de-givry@inra.fr


public class Patient
extends java.lang.Object
| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
static class |
Patient.HealthStatus |
static class |
Patient.Status |
static class |
Patient.TriageUrgency |
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
Patient(int number,
ListTracker lt)
Creates a number of patient objects, all with a generic name (patient i).
|
Patient(java.lang.String name,
java.lang.String complaints,
Patient.TriageUrgency triageUrgency,
Bed.Zone triageZone,
ListTracker lt)
Creates a patient object using 5 input values:
1) Name of the patient 2) Complaints of the patient 3) Triage urgency of the patient (IMMEDIATE, VERY_URGENT,URGENT,STANDARD,NON_URGENT) 4) Triage zone of the patient (TRAUMA/NO_INJURY) 5) List (emergency room) to which the patient belongs This constructor adds the patient to the list of the emergency room upon creation. |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
callNurse(ListTracker lt)
When a patient calls for a nurse, he/she will be added in the list of patient
that have called or requested a nurse.
|
void |
calmDown()
When a patient calms down, he/she will no longer be violent and the nurse will be released.
|
Bed.Urgency |
getBedUrgency()
Gets the bed urgency of the patient object.
|
java.lang.String |
getComplaints()
Gets the complaints of the patient object.
|
Bed |
getCurrentBed()
Gets the currently occupied bed of the patient object.
|
Chair |
getCurrentChair()
Gets the currently occupied chair of the patient object.
|
Doctor |
getCurrentDoctor()
Gets the currently assigned doctor of the patient object.
|
Nurse |
getCurrentNurse()
Gets the currently assigned nurse of the patient object.
|
Patient.Status |
getCurrentStatus()
Gets the current status of the patient object.
|
Patient.HealthStatus |
getHealthStatus()
Gets the health status of the patient object.
|
ListTracker |
getListTracker()
Gets the list (emergency room) to which the patient belongs
|
java.lang.String |
getName()
Gets the name of the patient object.
|
void |
getSicker()
When a patient gets sicker after triage, he/she calls for another check by a nurse.
|
Patient.TriageUrgency |
getTriageUrgency()
Gets the triage urgency of the patient object.
|
Bed.Zone |
getTriageZone()
Gets the triage zone of the patient object.
|
void |
getViolent()
When a patient is unsatisfied with the staff or treatment, he/she
may get violent.
|
void |
leaveEmergencyRoom(Patient patient)
Releases a patient from the emergency room.
|
void |
patientDie(Patient patient)
In the unfortunate case that a patient dies during his/her stay in the
emergency room, this method is called.
|
void |
setBedUrgency()
Sets the bedUrgency of the patient.
|
void |
setComplaints(java.lang.String complaints)
Sets the complaints of the patient object.
|
void |
setCurrentBed(Bed bed)
Sets the current bed of the patient object.
|
void |
setCurrentChair(Chair chair)
Sets the current chair of the patient object.
|
void |
setCurrentDoctor(Doctor currentDoctor)
Sets the current doctor of the patient object.
|
void |
setCurrentNurse(Nurse currentNurse)
Sets the current nurse for the patient object.
|
void |
setCurrentStatus(Patient.Status currentStatus)
Sets the current status of the patient object.
|
void |
setHealthStatus(Patient patient,
Patient.HealthStatus healthStatus)
Sets the health status of the patient.
|
void |
setListTracker(ListTracker listTracker)
Sets the list to which the patient belongs.
|
void |
setName(java.lang.String name)
Sets the name of the patient object.
|
void |
setTriageUrgency(Patient.TriageUrgency triageUrgency)
Sets the triage urgency of the patient object.
|
void |
setTriageZone(Bed.Zone triageZone)
Sets the triage zone of the patient object, which can be either TRAUMA or NO_INJURY.
|
java.lang.String |
toString()
Displays the information of a patient object
|
public Patient(java.lang.String name, java.lang.String complaints, Patient.TriageUrgency triageUrgency, Bed.Zone triageZone, ListTracker lt)
The current status of the patient after the object creation is ENTERED_ER, and the health status is SICK. The new patient is not yet assigned to any resource (doctor, nurse, bed or chair). If a triage urgency is already know (and corresponds to a value from the Manchester Triage System), the bed urgency is also immediately derived.
name
- name of the patientcomplaints
- complaints of the patienttriageUrgency
- triage urgency of the patient (corresponing to a value of the Manchester Triage System)triageZone
- triage zone of the patientlt
- list (emergency room) to which the patient belongspublic Patient(int number, ListTracker lt)
The current status of the patients after the object creation is ENTERED_ER, and the health status is SICK. The new patients are not yet assigned to any resource (doctor, nurse, bed or chair). The triage urgency and zone are still unknown, null.
number
- lt
- public java.lang.String getName()
public void setName(java.lang.String name)
name
- name of the patientpublic Patient.HealthStatus getHealthStatus()
public void setHealthStatus(Patient patient, Patient.HealthStatus healthStatus)
patient
- patient for which the health status is sethealthStatus
- health status of the patientpublic java.lang.String getComplaints()
public void setComplaints(java.lang.String complaints)
complaints
- complaints of the patient objectpublic Patient.TriageUrgency getTriageUrgency()
public void setTriageUrgency(Patient.TriageUrgency triageUrgency)
triageUrgency
- triage urgency of the patient objectpublic Bed.Urgency getBedUrgency()
public void setBedUrgency()
The bed urgency is Not urgent if the triage urgency is:
public Bed.Zone getTriageZone()
public void setTriageZone(Bed.Zone triageZone)
triageZone
- triage zone of the patient objectpublic Patient.Status getCurrentStatus()
public void setCurrentStatus(Patient.Status currentStatus)
currentStatus
- the status of the patient at a momentpublic Bed getCurrentBed()
public void setCurrentBed(Bed bed)
bed
- bed to which the patient is to be assignedpublic Chair getCurrentChair()
public void setCurrentChair(Chair chair)
chair
- chair to which the patient is to be assignedChair.setAssignedPatient(Patient)
public Doctor getCurrentDoctor()
public void setCurrentDoctor(Doctor currentDoctor)
currentDoctor
- doctor that is assigned to the patient at a momentpublic Nurse getCurrentNurse()
public void setCurrentNurse(Nurse currentNurse)
currentNurse
- nurse that is assigned to the patient at a momentpublic void leaveEmergencyRoom(Patient patient)
This means that a patient cannot leave during treatment. When a patient leaves the emergency room, the status will change into LEFT_ER, and the associated chair, bed, doctor or nurse will be released from the patient.
patient
- patient that is to be released from the emergency roompublic void patientDie(Patient patient)
patient
- patient that dies while in the emergency roompublic ListTracker getListTracker()
public void setListTracker(ListTracker listTracker)
listTracker
- list to which the patient belongs.public void getViolent()
public void callNurse(ListTracker lt)
public void getSicker()
public void calmDown()
public java.lang.String toString()
toString
in class java.lang.Object


Boston-based Full Stack Software Engineer | Aspiring Jeopardy Contestant
View ResumeI am excited to be transitioning careers after having crafted multiple front and back-end applications as part of General Assembly’s immersive software engineering program! Having worked in private education, hospitality, and as a leader for camping tours across North America, I have benefitted from breaking down large problems into smaller, manageable steps, communicating effectively, and paying close attention to technical and interpersonal details.
I am inspired by the unique combination of creativity, logic, and teamwork that software engineering provides, and look forward to continuing the path of learning. When not programming, you can find me playing piano, attempting to cook plantains, and hoping that one of these daily spam calls is actually Jeopardy calling to say that I made it onto the show.


Generating Places and People
Gender: Male Female Random
|
Place goes here |
Name goes here |
|
Place goes here |
Name goes here |
|
Gender: |
Cult: |
00:00:00
Attributes: CHA + 1
|
Business 0 |
Tech/Postech 0 |
Languages: English 1
| Weapon | Dmg | Rng | Mag | Atr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Revolver |
1d8 |
30/100 |
12? |
Dex |
|
Shotgun |
3d4 |
10/30 |
2 |
Dex |
Attributes: DEX + 1 INT + 1 CHA - 1
|
Athletics 0 |
Persuade 0 |
Languages: English, Japanese, Spanish
| Weapon | Dmg | Rng | Mag | Atr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Rifle |
1d10+2 |
200/400 |
6 |
Dex |
Attributes: DEX + 1
|
Athletics 0 |
Persuade 0 |
Languages: English, Russian
| Weapon | Dmg | Rng | Mag | Atr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Revolver |
1d8 |
30/100 |
12 |
Dex |
|
Semi-Auto P. |
1d6+1 |
30/100 |
24 |
Dex |
Attributes: INT + 1 DEX -1
|
Business 0 |
Perception 0 |
Languages: English, Russian, Japanese
| Weapon | Dmg | Rng | Mag | Atr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Semi-Auto P. |
1d6+1 |
30/100 |
24 |
Dex |
|
Knife |
1d4 |
6/9 |
- |
Str/Dex |


Chem {border-style px;} #ffffff;} Lett./s--- coronavirus water environmental novel viruses wastewater px; virus {font-family SARS-CoV- font-size research air double; food pollution role survival Environmental border-color border-width enveloped global solid; {font-style {font-weight COVID- bold chemistry conditions courier; em; inactivate matter outbreak outbreaks pandemics pt;} study theÂ transmission viruses.


Dear <#FULLNAME>,
Thank you for your request. We will contact you within the next 72 hours. If this is a high priority request, someone will contact you within 1 business day. For tracking purposes, please make sure you make a note of your Support Request ID number <#LISTITEMNUM>.
You will receive an email shortly to confirm receipt of your request.
Sincerely,
Euclid Technology Customer Support Team


Hello Postman, welcome to your first day at the Axios Agency! The Internet relies on us to fetch users the files they need, and we're relying on you! Your task is to direct your dog Sparky to follow the correct routes to its destination. You'll use your agency provided terminal to program Sparky, but be careful! You and Sparky will have to help each other pass authentication systems blocking both of your paths. =================== Goal: - Meet Sparky at the end point (the purple node) Instructions: - Use the arrow keys to move the Postman - Use the HUD to program up to 10 commands for Sparky to follow - Sparky can go forward, turn left or right, or begin a command loop - If there is no loop, Sparky will automatically repeat all his commands - To set Sparky on his route, press GO! - If you mess up, press RESET to try again =================== We'll give you a simple assignment to start with so you can get the hang of it.
Dear Postman, Congratulations!! Thanks to you and faithful Sparky's tireless efforts, Axios Agency's routes have been restored! Please accept this ASCII trophy as a token of our sincere appreciation for your service. _________ | | (| BOT |) | OF THE | | MONTH | \ / `-----' _|___|_ Sincerely, T.C. Pip Senior Vice President of Routing


Code for America 2016 Fellowship Application
Thanks for filling out Step 1 of the applicaiton, . Keep the ball rolling and get started on Step 2. Have any questions? Reach out to us at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Start Step 2: Written Responses
Application Steps
There are 3 steps in the application process — you already completed the first!.
Step 1: Basic Information Finished!
Quick questions about you, your skill set, and your background (5 minutes)
Step 2: Written Responses
In-depth questions about your interest in the fellowship. (15-30 minutes)
Step 3: Skills Challenge
A 20-30 minute task that tests your chosen skillset.


Projects overview
Below are projects that have been created but not successfully completed.
| Workflow | CNAP ID | Cromwell ID | Client | Started | Failed | Status | Actions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| {{p.workflow_name}} (v{{p.version}}) | {{p.cnap_uuid}} | {% if p.cromwell_uuid %} {{p.cromwell_uuid}} {% else %} {% endif %} | {{p.client}} | {% if p.started %} {% else %} {% endif %} | {% if p.failed %} {% else %} {% endif %} | {% if p.status %} {{p.status}} {% else %} {% endif %} | {% if p.failed %} {% elif p.started %} {% else %} {% endif %} |
Completed projects
Below are projects that have successfully completed.
| Workflow | CNAP ID | Cromwell ID | Client | Date | Success |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| {{p.workflow_name}} (v{{p.version}}) | {{p.cnap_uuid}} | {{p.cromwell_uuid}} | {{p.client}} | {{p.date}} | {% if p.success %} {% else %} {% endif %} |
Maintenance
A place to do things like cleanup old/expired files
Import bucket
If a user has given permission to a storage bucket, this page will allow you to import all of their files into CNAP, creating the appropriate resources in the process.
Note that all the files from the bucket will be recursively copied to CNAP storage. Any underlying structure will be flattened.
Include the prefix (e.g. "gs://" or "s3://"
Add a new workflow
Create a new project
Go to new project pageChange region
Current region: {{current_region}}


The transist system was extremely uneffective and didn't have the stops people wanted!
Many routes did not go to the spots that people wanted and the carbon foot print of so many cars was damaging our once pure earth!
We wanted to allow people to make new routes and have a say of what the start and end of a trip should be and the many end points in between!
We wanted people to feel that a car is not always necessary and then a bus could be just as effective
Reduce the amount of cars on the streets by having a more effective public transportation system
Help reduce our carbon footprint by reducing the amount of cars


That page was not found! The page you are looking for couldn't be found. If it used to exist, please let me know.


Daily Sales Estimates for Salmon Cookies
Add a New Store
Store location:
Minimum hourly customers:
Maximum hourly customers:
Average cookies purchased per customer:


Source code for test_masc
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Poio Tools for Linguists
#
# Copyright (C) 2009-2012 Poio Project
# Author: António Lopes<EMAIL_ADDRESS># URL: <http://www.cidles.eu/ltll/poio>
# For license information, see LICENSE.TXT
"""A reader for corpora that consist of documents in
the ISO GrAF format.
All the test use the MASC version 1.0.3
"""
import nltk
[docs]class TestMascCorpusReader:
"""
This class contain the test methods if the class masc.py.
"""
[docs] def test_raw(self):
"""Raise an assertion if can't retrieve the file.
Return given file(s) as a single string.
Raises
------
AssertionError
If can't retrieve a string.
"""
error_message = 'Fail - Retrieve the file as a string'
assert(nltk.corpus.masc.raw(), error_message)
[docs] def test_words(self):
"""Raise an assertion if can't retrieve a list of strings
from a given file.
Return the given file(s) as a list of words and
punctuation symbols.
Raises
------
AssertionError
If can't retrieve the list of string.
"""
error_message = 'Fail - Retrieve the list of strings'
assert(nltk.corpus.masc.words(), error_message)
[docs] def test_sents(self):
"""Raise an assertion if can't retrieve a list of sentences
from a given file.
Return the given file(s) as a list of sentences or utterances,
each encoded as a list of word strings.
Raises
------
AssertionError
If can't retrieve the list of sentences.
"""
error_message = 'Fail - Retrieve the list of sentences'
assert(nltk.corpus.masc.sents(), error_message)
[docs] def test_paras(self):
"""Raise an assertion if can't retrieve a list of paragraphs
from a given file.
Return the given file(s) as a list of paragraphs, each encoded
as a list of sentences, which are in turn encoded as lists of
word strings.
Raises
------
AssertionError
If can't retrieve the list of strings.
"""
error_message = 'Fail - Retrieve the list of paragraphs'
assert(nltk.corpus.masc.paras(), error_message)
[docs] def test_nouns(self):
"""Raise an assertion if can't retrieve a list of nouns
from a given file.
Return the given file(s) as a list of nouns.
Raises
------
AssertionError
If can't retrieve the list of nouns.
"""
error_message = 'Fail - Retrieve the list of nouns'
assert(nltk.corpus.masc.nouns(), error_message)
[docs] def test_verbs(self):
"""Raise an assertion if can't retrieve a list of verbs
from a given file.
Return the given file(s) as a list of verbs.
Raises
------
AssertionError
If can't retrieve the list of verbs.
"""
error_message = 'Fail - Retrieve the list of verbs'
assert(nltk.corpus.masc.verbs(), error_message)
[docs] def test_persons(self):
"""Raise an assertion if can't retrieve a list of persons
from a given file.
Return the given file(s) as a list of persons.
Raises
------
AssertionError
If can't retrieve the list of persons.
"""
error_message = 'Fail - Retrieve the list of persons'
assert(nltk.corpus.masc.persons(), error_message)


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Updated October 4, 2018
Do you love ggplot2
? If you’ve worked with ggplot2 before, you know
it often takes many lines of code to get a satisfying plot. The ggplot2 language has too many “words” and “expressions”, which are difficult to remember and time consuming to look up. Wouldn’t it be awesome if there’s a simpler tool? The answer is ezplot. It’s a package based off ggplot2 that allows user to create high quality ggplot2 charts with zero or minimal effort of customization. In this and the next few posts, I’ll demo how to use ezplot.
Prerequisites
- Install a set of development tools
- On Windows, download and install Rtools.
- On Mac, install the Xcode command line tools.
- On Linux, install the R development package, usually called r-devel or r-base-dev.
- Install devtools by running
install.packages("devtools")
in R. - Install ezplot by running
devtools::install_github("gmlang/ezplot")
in R.
Load ezplot and dplyr
Generate some fake data
Make simple bar chart
Generate some fake data again
Make dodged bar chart
I wrote ezplot to improve efficiency. Hope it can also help you. Drop a comment below if you have any questions.


---
layout: default
title: Speaking
---
Speaking
I love to speak at any opportunity, usually about code quality. There are details of some usergroup, conference, and
lightning talks I've done below.
If you'd like me to speak at your conference, I'd love to. You can find my
speaker rider.
Thinker, Tester, Lawyer, Spy
{% for post in site.categories.speaking %}
{%- if post.talk == "Thinker, Tester, Lawyer, Spy" -%}
{%- include talk-card.html -%}
{%- endif -%}
{% endfor %}
There's more to code review than you might think
{% for post in site.categories.speaking %}
{%- if post.talk == "There's more to code review than you might think" -%}
{%- include talk-card.html -%}
{%- endif -%}
{% endfor %}
Educating Enfys (lightning talk)
{% for post in site.categories.speaking %}
{%- if post.talk == "Educating Enfys" -%}
{%- include talk-card.html -%}
{%- endif -%}
{% endfor %}
The less dull bits of testing
{% for post in site.categories.speaking %}
{%- if post.talk == "The less dull bits of testing" -%}
{%- include talk-card.html -%}
{%- endif -%}
{% endfor %}