SSL_CTX_set1_cert_comp_preference, SSL_set1_cert_comp_preference, SSL_CTX_compress_certs, SSL_compress_certs, SSL_CTX_get1_compressed_cert, SSL_get1_compressed_cert, SSL_CTX_set1_compressed_cert, SSL_set1_compressed_cert - Certificate compression functions
#include <openssl/ssl.h>
int SSL_CTX_set1_cert_comp_preference(SSL_CTX *ctx, int *algs, size_t len);
int SSL_set1_cert_comp_preference(SSL *ssl, int *algs, size_t len);
int SSL_CTX_compress_certs(SSL_CTX *ctx, int alg);
int SSL_compress_certs(SSL *ssl, int alg);
size_t SSL_CTX_get1_compressed_cert(SSL_CTX *ctx, int alg, unsigned char **data,
size_t *orig_len);
size_t SSL_get1_compressed_cert(SSL *ssl, int alg, unsigned char **data,
size_t *orig_len);
int SSL_CTX_set1_compressed_cert(SSL_CTX *ctx, int alg,
unsigned char *comp_data,
size_t comp_length, size_t orig_length);
int SSL_set1_compressed_cert(SSL *ssl, int alg, unsigned char *comp_data,
size_t comp_length, size_t orig_length);
These functions control the certificate compression feature. Certificate compression is only available for TLSv1.3 as defined in RFC8879.
SSL_CTX_set1_cert_comp_preference() and SSL_set1_cert_comp_preference() are used to specify the preferred compression algorithms. The algs argument is an array of algorithms, and length is number of elements in the algs array. Only those algorithms enabled in the library will be accepted in algs, unknown algorithms in algs are ignored. On an error, the preference order is left unmodified.
The following compression algorithms (alg arguments) may be used:
TLSEXT_comp_cert_brotli
TLSEXT_comp_cert_zlib
TLSEXT_comp_cert_zstd
The above is also the default preference order. If a preference order is not specified, then the default preference order is sent to the peer and the received peer's preference order will be used when compressing a certificate. Otherwise, the configured preference order is sent to the peer and is used to filter the peer's preference order.
SSL_CTX_compress_certs() and SSL_compress_certs() are used to pre-compress all the configured certificates on an SSL_CTX/SSL object with algorithm alg. If alg is 0, then the certificates are compressed with the algorithms specified in the preference list. Calling these functions on a client SSL_CTX/SSL object will result in an error, as only server certificates may be pre-compressed.
SSL_CTX_get1_compressed_cert() and SSL_get1_compressed_cert() are used to get the pre-compressed certificate most recently set that may be stored for later use. Calling these functions on a client SSL_CTX/SSL object will result in an error, as only server certificates may be pre-compressed. The data and orig_len arguments are required.
The compressed certificate data may be passed to SSL_CTX_set1_compressed_cert() or SSL_set1_compressed_cert() to provide a pre-compressed version of the most recently set certificate. This pre-compressed certificate can only be used by a server.
Each side of the connection sends their compression algorithm preference list to their peer indicating compressed certificate support. The received preference list is filtered by the configured preference list (i.e. the intersection is saved). As the default list includes all the enabled algorithms, not specifying a preference will allow any enabled algorithm by the peer. The filtered peer's preference order is used to determine what algorithm to use when sending a compressed certificate.
Only server certificates may be pre-compressed. Calling any of these functions (except SSL_CTX_set1_cert_comp_preference()/SSL_set1_cert_comp_preference()) on a client SSL_CTX/SSL object will return an error. Client certificates are compressed on-demand as unique context data from the server is compressed along with the certificate.
For SSL_CTX_set1_cert_comp_preference() and SSL_set1_cert_comp_preference() the len argument is the size of the algs argument in bytes.
The compressed certificate returned by SSL_CTX_get1_compressed_cert() and SSL_get1_compressed_cert() is the last certificate set on the SSL_CTX/SSL object. The certificate is copied by the function and the caller must free *data via OPENSSL_free().
The compressed certificate data set by SSL_CTX_set1_compressed_cert() and SSL_set1_compressed_cert() is copied into the SSL_CTX/SSL object.
SSL_CTX_compress_certs() and SSL_compress_certs() return an error under the following conditions:
If no certificates have been configured.
If the specified algorithm alg is not enabled.
If alg is 0 and no compression algorithms are enabled.
Sending compressed certificates may be disabled on a connection via the SSL_OP_NO_TX_CERTIFICATE_COMPRESSION option. Receiving compressed certificates may be disabled on a connection via the SSL_OP_NO_RX_CERTIFICATE_COMPRESSION option.
SSL_CTX_set1_cert_comp_preference(), SSL_set1_cert_comp_preference(), SSL_CTX_compress_certs(), SSL_compress_certs(), SSL_CTX_set1_compressed_cert(), and SSL_set1_compressed_cert() return 1 for success and 0 on error.
SSL_CTX_get1_compressed_cert() and SSL_get1_compressed_cert() return the length of the allocated memory on success and 0 on error.
SSL_CTX_set_options(3), SSL_CTX_use_certificate(3)
These functions were added in OpenSSL 3.2.
Copyright 2022 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html.


Cannabis Commission launched
by GIS(GIS) – With the tide changing toward the decriminalization and regulation of cannabis by regional and international counterparts, Saint Lucia launched its Cannabis Commission on Nov. 22.
Spearheading the initiative is Minister for Commerce, International Trade, Investment, Enterprise Development and Consumer Affairs, Hon. Bradly Felix, who said that government is committed to reviewing the laws surrounding cannabis to ensure that a balanced and holistic approach is taken.
The Cannabis Commission will consult on a number of issues fundamental to the design of a new legislative and regulatory framework for restricted cannabis use. The commission is chaired by Attorney at Law, Michael Gordon, QC.
Beginning the week of November 25, the commission will glean public information on the way forward. The commission is mandated to provide a report to the Government of Saint Lucia before the end of the year.
More GIS News Stories
-
Chamber of Commerce launches Global Entrepreneurship Week November 25, 2019
-
Launch of December Festivals November 22, 2019
-
The Franco-Saint Lucian committee meets November 18, 2019
-
DVRP aids Dennery Infant School November 18, 2019
-
Rights of Children highlighted at drama festival November 18, 2019
-
Education districts standardize registration process November 18, 2019
-
Farmers graduate from production enhancement programme November 18, 2019
-
Saint Lucia works toward food security November 18, 2019
-
Vieux Fort landfill closes November 18, 2019


Annotate veterinary clinical notes with SNOMED-CT codes
We develop the first large-scale algorithm to automatically predict all 4577 standard veterinary diagnosis codes from free text.
We trained our algorithm on a curated dataset of over 100K expert labeled veterinary clinical notes and over one million unlabeled notes.
In order to better understand how DeepVet predicts diagnosis codes from clinical notes, we implement a simple saliency-based interpretation method
$PET_NAME$, a 2 year old male neutered boxer , presented to CSU dermatology service for a recheck of allergic dermatitis . It was reported that $PET_NAME$ 's pruritus is relatively seasonal , worse in the spring and summer , but does not completely go away in the winter . $PET_NAME$'s main problem areas were his paws and his muzzle .
DeepVet also learns to abstain in examples when it is uncertain and defers them to human experts, fostering human-machine collaboration.
In order to not mislead further clinical research, having the ability to abstain from making very erroneous predictions and ensuring highly precise tagging is an important feature.
Contact<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Large-scale Generative Modeling to Improve Automated Veterinary Disease Coding.
Yuhui Zhang, Allen Nie, and James Zou.
NeurISP Machine Learning for Health Workshop (2018).
DeepTag: inferring diagnoses from veterinary clinical notes.
Allen Nie, Ashley Zehnder, Rodney L. Page, Yuhui Zhang, Arturo Lopez Pineda, Manuel A. Rivas, Carlos D. Bustamante, and James Zou.
npj Digital Medicine 1, no. 1 (2018): 60.


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--- layout: default title: Example navigation-order: 4 ---
All in Together Now was never signed to a record label. See, me, GZA, and ODB had a crew called FOI: Force of the Imperial Master, nah mean? We made a song, called "All in Together Now", which became famous on tapes throughout Brooklyn, Downtown Staten Island, New York, all the way down to Miami. I remember Biz Markie, when he was famous and I wasn't famous, and he was like: "Yo! I heard that shit! Your song with Ason Unique and The Specialist." I was the Scientist. So we never got signed as a group back then. We never had a serious record deal under that title. — RZA


This section contains educational background and involvement in organizations as well as listing all of the courses I have taken both in university and online. (MOOCs)
University of Missouri
Majors: Electrical and Computer Engineering
Minors: Computer Science and Mathematics
Coursework
- ECE 1210: Introduction to Logic Systems
- ECE 2100: Circuit Theory 1
- ECE 3210: Microprocessor Engineering
- ECE 3810: Circuit Theory 2
- Math 1500: Calculus 1
- Math 1700: Calculus 2
- Math 2300: Calculus 3
- Math 2320: Discrete Mathematics
- Math 4100: Differential Equations
- CS 1050: Algorithm Design & Programming 1
- CS 2050: Algorithm Design & Programming 2
- Physics 2750: University Physics 1
- Physics 2760: University Physics 2
Online Courses
- Machine Learning (Stanford)
- Introduction to Databases (Stanford)
- Developing Scalable Apps with Java (Udacity & Google)
- Programming Cloud Services for Android Handheld Services (Vanderbilt)
- Intro to Hadoop and MapReduce (Udacity & Cloudera)
- Website Performance Optimization (Udacity & Google)
- UX Design for Mobile Developers (Udacity & Google)
Organizations
- Member of the Mizzou Computing Association (formerly ACM) from January 2015 to present.
- Member of the Association for Computing Machinery from February 2014 to January 2015.
Awards
- University of Missouri Dean's List Honor Roll (2 semesters)
- University of Missouri Excellence Award


Class VisualNumerics.math.Statistics
All Packages Class Hierarchy This Package Previous Next Index
Class VisualNumerics.math.Statistics
java.lang.Object
|
+----VisualNumerics.math.Statistics
- public class Statistics
- extends Object
The statistics library. This class complements the class Math by
providing more advanced functions. This class cannot be instantiated
because all of its methods are static.
-
average(double[])
- Returns the average (mean).
-
FCdf(double, double, double)
-
Returns the value of the cummulative F distribution function.
-
inverseFCdf(double, double, double)
-
Returns the inverse of the cummulative F distribution function.
-
inverseNormalCdf(double)
-
Returns the inverse of the cummulative normal (Gaussian) distribution function.
-
inverseTCdf(double, double)
-
-
kurtosis(double[])
-
Returns the kurtosis.
-
linearFit(double[], double[])
-
Returns the the best least squares fit of a line
through the data.
-
maximum(double[])
-
Returns the maximum value.
-
median(double[])
-
Returns the median value.
-
minimum(double[])
-
Returns the minimum value.
-
normalCdf(double)
-
Returns the value of the cummulative normal (Gaussian) distribution function.
-
range(double[])
-
Returns the range (xmax-xmin).
-
skew(double[])
-
Returns the skew.
-
slope(double[], double[])
-
Returns the the slope of the best least squares fit
of a line passing through the origin to the data.
-
standardDeviation(double[])
-
Returns the sample standard deviation.
-
tCdf(double, double)
-
-
variance(double[])
-
Returns the sample variance.
Statistics
public Statistics()
average
public static double average(double x[])
- Returns the average (mean).
- Parameters:
- x - The input double vector for which the average is desired.
- Returns:
- A scalar of type double containing the average (mean) of
input vector x.
-
Algorithm:
-
This method returns the sample mean which is equal to the sum of
the elements of input x divided by the length of x.
median
public static double median(double x[])
- Returns the median value.
- Parameters:
- x - The input double vector for which the median is desired.
- Returns:
- A scalar of type double containing the median of the
input vector x.
-
Algorithm:
-
This method returns the number in the middle of a set of numbers.
Half of the numbers in the set will have values less than or equal
to the returned value and half will have values greater than or equal
to the returned value. If there is an even number of elements in the
set of values to be evaluated, then the average of the middle two
numbers is returned.
minimum
public static double minimum(double x[])
- Returns the minimum value.
- Parameters:
- x - The input double vector for which the minimum is desired.
- Returns:
- A scalar of type double containing the minimum element of the
input vector x.
maximum
public static double maximum(double x[])
- Returns the maximum value.
- Parameters:
- x - The input double vector for which the maximum is desired.
- Returns:
- A scalar of type double containing the maximum element of the
input vector x.
variance
public static double variance(double x[])
- Returns the sample variance.
- Parameters:
- x - The input double vector containing the elements for which the sample variance is desired.
- Returns:
- A scalar of type double containing the sample variance of the
input vector x.
-
Algorithm:
-
This method returns the sample variance of a set of values. Let n be
the length of input vector x. Let xmean be the sample mean of x. The
sample variance = 1/(n-1)*SUM(xi - xmean)2
standardDeviation
public static double standardDeviation(double x[])
- Returns the sample standard deviation.
- Parameters:
- x - The input double vector for which the sample standard deviation is desired.
- Returns:
- A scalar of type double containing the sample standard deviation of the
input vector x.
-
Algorithm:
-
This method returns the sample standard deviation of a set of values. The
sample standard deviation is the square root of the sample variance
of the set of values.
skew
public static double skew(double x[])
- Returns the skew.
- Parameters:
- x - The input double vector for which the skewness is desired.
- Returns:
- A scalar of type double containing the skewness of the
input vector x.
kurtosis
public static double kurtosis(double x[])
- Returns the kurtosis.
- Parameters:
- x - The input double vector for which the kurtosis is desired.
- Returns:
- A scalar of type double containing the kurtosis of the
input vector x.
range
public static double range(double x[])
- Returns the range (xmax-xmin).
- Parameters:
- x - The input double vector for which the range is desired.
- Returns:
- A scalar of type double containing (xmax-xmin) where xmax is
the maximum element of input vector x and xmin is the minimum element of
input vector x.
linearFit
public static double[] linearFit(double x[],
double y[])
- Returns the the best least squares fit of a line
through the data.
- Parameters:
- x - An input double vector containing the x-values of the data.
- y - An input double vector containing the y-values of the data.
- Returns:
- The return value is an array of two
doubles, call it coef[]. The equation of the line
is y = coef[0]+coef[1]*x.
If all of the x's are equal then the model is degenerate
and it returns coef[0] equal to the mean of the y's and
coef[1] equal to zero.
slope
public static double slope(double x[],
double y[])
- Returns the the slope of the best least squares fit
of a line passing through the origin to the data.
- Parameters:
- x - An input double vector containing the x-values of the data.
- y - An input double vector containing the y-values of the data.
- Returns:
- The return value is a scalar of type double containing the
slope the best least squares fit of a line passing through the origin to the data.
FCdf
public static double FCdf(double x,
double degreesFreedomNumerator,
double degreesFreedomDenominator)
- Returns the value of the cummulative F distribution function.
- Parameters:
- x - An input double scalar containing the argument for which the
F distribution function is to be evaluated.
- degreesFreedomNumerator - An input double scalar containing the
numerator degrees of freedom. degreesFreedomNumerator must be positive.
- degreesFreedomDenominator - An input double scalar containing the
denominator degrees of freedom. degreesFreedomDenominator must be positive.
- Returns:
- The return value is a scalar of type double containing the
probability that an F random variable takes a value less than or equal
to the input x.
Double.NaN is returned when the
degreesFreedomNumerator or degreesFreedomDenominator is <= 0.
inverseFCdf
public static double inverseFCdf(double p,
double degreesFreedomNumerator,
double degreesFreedomDenominator)
- Returns the inverse of the cummulative F distribution function.
- Parameters:
- p - An input double scalar containing the probability for which the
inverse F distribution function is to be evaluated. Input p must be
in the open interval (0,1).
- degreesFreedomNumerator - An input double scalar containing the
numerator degrees of freedom. degreesFreedomNumerator must be positive.
- degreesFreedomDenominator - An input double scalar containing the
denominator degrees of freedom. degreesFreedomDenominator must be positive.
- Returns:
- The return value is a scalar of type double containing the
inverse cummulative F distribution function value. The
probability that an F random variable takes a value less than or equal
to this value is the input probability p.
Double.NaN will be returned if the probability p is not in the open interval (0,1) or
degreesFreedomNumerator or degreesFreedomDenominator is <= 0.
tCdf
public static double tCdf(double t,
double degreesFreedom)
inverseTCdf
public static double inverseTCdf(double p,
double degreesFreedom)
normalCdf
public static double normalCdf(double x)
- Returns the value of the cummulative normal (Gaussian) distribution function.
- Parameters:
- x - An input double scalar containing the argument for which the
normal (Gaussian) distribution function is to be evaluated.
- Returns:
- The return value is a scalar of type double containing the
probability that a normal random variable takes a value less than or equal
to the input x.
inverseNormalCdf
public static double inverseNormalCdf(double p)
- Returns the inverse of the cummulative normal (Gaussian) distribution function.
- Parameters:
- p - An input double scalar containing the probability for which the
inverse normal distribution function is to be evaluated. Input p must be
in the open interval (0,1).
- Returns:
- The return value is a scalar of type double containing the
inverse cummulative normal distribution function value. The
probability that a standard normal random variable takes a value less than or equal
to this value is the input probability p.
Double.NaN will be returned if the probability p is not in the open interval (0,1).
All Packages Class Hierarchy This Package Previous Next Index


RESTORATION A film review by Mark R. Leeper Copyright 1996 Mark R. Leeper
Capsule: This is a throwback to the historical epics of the 40s and 50s. The story is an enjoyable if overly-contrived potboiler. But the historical texture, the spectacle, and the costumes are most of the show. The minor weaknesses in the plotting are more than made up for by the terrific visualizations. Rating: high +1 (-4 to +4)
On January 30, 1649, Charles I of England, who had earlier lost his fight to restrict the power of Parliament, paid the price and was beheaded. England was in the hands of the Parliamentarians. Oliver Cromwell, the Puritan who commanded the New Model Army remained as unbeatable as Charles I had found him. Cromwell took control of the government making himself essentially a dictator. He went on and within months subdued the rebellious Ireland. Charles I's son, who had been crowned Charles II of Scotland, raised an army to invade England, but he was beaten back by Cromwell's army. In another victory Cromwell presided over a successful war with the Netherlands. But now the dictator needed money to finance his victories. To get it he reversed a ruling of Edward I (see my review of BRAVEHEART) and allowed Jews back into England to get their financial support.
When Cromwell died on September 3, 1658, there was nobody worthy to replace him and his son Richard was the nobody worthy who was chosen. To have a continuation of the harsh Puritanical rule of a Cromwell and the lack of leadership that Richard offered brought discontent throughout England. It did not take much of Richard Cromwell's rule to make Charles II of Scotland look like a natural leader. Charles II was given the throne of England on assurances that he would take no revenge for his father's death and would allow religious freedom for England. With the return of the monarchy to England begins the period called the Restoration.
Thus we have an England that was still ravaged from the Civil War. And it still has bitter conflict between severe Puritans and more free-living and perhaps even decadent followers of the two Charles Stuarts. In spite of continuing conflicts the Restoration was the time of great cultural landmarks in English history. Milton wrote "Paradise Lost." Social philosophers Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were publishing. King Charles had a particular interest in science and chartered the Royal Society of London to do scientific research. Isaac Newton was 19 when Charles returned and was doing his early work. When the Great Plague struck London with its full force in April of 1665 Newton fled to his mother's farm and there worked out the laws of gravitation. Meanwhile over 50,000 people in London died of the pestilence. Luckily he was still out of London 17 months later when a bakery fire broke out near London Bridge and engulfed a street of vulnerable wood houses. Fanned by east winds the inferno continued to spread and burn for four days until much of the city had been consumed. Even with a large piece of the city leveled, an estimated 13,000 houses, enough to make 100,000 people homeless, Charles could not convince property owners to rebuild along lines planned by master architect Christopher Wren and Charles had to settle for Wren's redesign of St. Paul's Cathedral. I is in this Restoration England that the story of RESTORATION is set.
Robert Merivale (Robert Downey Jr.) and John Pearce (David Thewlis) are close friends who are very similar but very different. Both are promising medical students, but for John successes come only through hard work and a dedication that is well in keeping with his stern Quaker background. Robert has more of a genius for medicine, or would if he would ever stop partying. One day Robert is called to court in a personal mission of healing by Charles II (Sam Neill). While there his womanizing is noticed by Charles. Charles is looking for a nominal and platonic husband for his mistress Celia (Polly Walker). Once she is married he can continue his affair with her while she is still under a cloak of respectability. Along with this non-wife wife Robert is given a house and lands and a pension. But then the plot takes the obvious turn with Robert falling in love with his for- show wife Celia. Luckily this complication leads to others which turn what was a rather bland situation comedy in an interesting setting into another story entirely that affords a much better view of Restoration England.
Yes, the story does improve as it goes along but the one factor that remains constant is that the story is never so interesting as to avoid being upstaged by the detailed and beautifully filmed setting. Michael Hoffman, whose best known film to date was SOAPDISH, manages to bring in a sumptuous look at mid-17th Century England at a surprisingly small budget of $18.5 million. The budget is in large part helped by having cinematographer Oliver Stapleton use relatively close shots of nearly every fancy scene. This only occasionally gives a feeling of constriction and probably saves immensely on costs. Rupert Walters's screenplay based on the novel by Rose Tremain moves the story at a pace that never drags and allows the action to bring the audience to a surprising number interesting places, yet never occupies the viewer too much to look for the detail at the sides of the frame. The film is a study in contrasts. We go back and forth from the pleasureless work of the Quakers to the workless pleasures of life in Charles's court. We see people who are all style and no substance and styleless people of great substance.
In spite of the low budget, one has to look a fair distance down the cast list to find unfamiliar names. David Thewlis is very good as the dedicated and serious friend and colleague though he carries some baggage from his skin-crawling role in NAKED. Polly Walker of ENCHANTED APRIL and PATRIOT GAMES makes a fetching mistress. Also present are Meg Ryan, Ian McKellen (currently starring in RICHARD III), and of course Hugh Grant.
For those who like films that show them a bit of a different world and a different time, this film should be a pleasant surprise. I give it a high +1 on the -4 to +4 scale.
For fans of historical films wanting to expand their film experience and learn about the period, there is a terrific Worldwide Web site for this film at http://www.obs-us.com/obs/english/films/mx/rest/top.htm with great links to original source material about the Restoration. This is what the Web was made for. I just hope it remains around long enough for the readers of this review to who want to have an opportunity access it.
Mark R. Leeper<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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|
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| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
java.lang.Object | +--net.sf.saxon.pattern.Pattern | +--net.sf.saxon.pattern.LocationPathPattern
A LocationPathPattern represents a path, for example of the form A/B/C... The components are represented as a linked list, each component pointing to its predecessor
| Field Summary | |
Pattern |
ancestorPattern
|
protected Expression |
equivalentExpr
|
protected Expression[] |
filters
|
protected boolean |
firstElementPattern
|
protected boolean |
lastElementPattern
|
NodeTest |
nodeTest
|
protected int |
numberOfFilters
|
Pattern |
parentPattern
|
protected boolean |
specialFilter
|
| Fields inherited from class net.sf.saxon.pattern.Pattern |
originalText |
| Constructor Summary | |
LocationPathPattern()
|
| Method Summary | |
void |
addFilter(Expression filter)
Add a filter to the pattern (while under construction) |
int |
getFingerprint()
Determine the fingerprint of nodes to which this pattern applies. |
int |
getNodeKind()
Determine the types of nodes to which this pattern applies. |
NodeTest |
getNodeTest()
Get a NodeTest that all the nodes matching this pattern must satisfy |
protected boolean |
internalMatches(NodeInfo node,
Controller controller)
Test whether the pattern matches, but without changing the current() node |
boolean |
matches(NodeInfo node,
Controller controller)
Determine whether this Pattern matches the given Node. |
boolean |
matchesX(NodeInfo node,
Controller controller)
Determine whether the pattern matches a given node. |
Pattern |
simplify()
Simplify the pattern: perform any context-independent optimisations |
Pattern |
typeCheck(StaticContext env)
Type-check the pattern, performing any type-dependent optimizations. |
| Methods inherited from class net.sf.saxon.pattern.Pattern |
getDefaultPriority, getLineNumber, getSystemId, make, setLineNumber, setOriginalText, setSystemId, toString |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait |
| Field Detail |
public Pattern parentPattern
public Pattern ancestorPattern
public NodeTest nodeTest
protected Expression[] filters
protected int numberOfFilters
protected Expression equivalentExpr
protected boolean firstElementPattern
protected boolean lastElementPattern
protected boolean specialFilter
| Constructor Detail |
public LocationPathPattern()
| Method Detail |
public void addFilter(Expression filter)
filter
- The predicate (a boolean expression or numeric expression) to be addedpublic Pattern simplify() throws XPathException
simplify
in class Pattern
XPathException
public Pattern typeCheck(StaticContext env) throws XPathException
typeCheck
in class Pattern
XPathException
public boolean matchesX(NodeInfo node, Controller controller) throws XPathException
node
- the node to be tested
XPathException
public boolean matches(NodeInfo node, Controller controller) throws XPathException
Pattern
matches
in class Pattern
node
- The NodeInfo representing the Element or other node to be tested against the Patterncontroller
- The controller. Only relevant if the pattern
uses variables, or contains calls on functions such as document() or key().
XPathException
protected boolean internalMatches(NodeInfo node, Controller controller) throws XPathException
internalMatches
in class Pattern
node
- The NodeInfo representing the Element or other node to be tested against the Patterncontroller
- The controller. Only relevant if the pattern
uses variables, or contains calls on functions such as document() or key().
XPathException
public int getNodeKind()
getNodeKind
in class Pattern
public int getFingerprint()
getFingerprint
in class Pattern
public NodeTest getNodeTest()
getNodeTest
in class Pattern
|
||||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |


Research and analysis
This survey aimed to assess the quality of newly qualified teachers' training and how well it prepared them for their first teaching post.
Ref: TDA-NQT-2011 PDF , 923KB , 51 pages
From February to May 2011, the Training and Development Agency for Schools (TDA) surveyed newly qualified teachers (NQTs) who had successfully completed their initial teacher training (ITT) in England during the 2009/10 academic year.
The survey aimed to assess the quality of their training and how well it prepared them for their first teaching post, and to identify the pre-initial teacher training activities they took part in and their importance in influencing them to go into teaching.
Around 13,000 NQTs completed and returned their questionnaires, a response rate of 39%. The NQTs who responded were broadly representative of the total NQT population (approximately 35,000) who were awarded qualified teacher status (QTS) in 2009/10, although a lower proportion of male NQTs responded.


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% load static %} {% block head_block %} {% endblock %} {% block body_block %}
You can assign a label (annotate) this Mass2Motif from the Annotation field below. Additionally, a shorter annotation can also be assigned through the Short Annotation field. This will be used in the network visualisation.
{% if status %}{{ status }}
{% endif %}The following are the full annotation and the short annotation (used for network visualisation) assigned to this Mass2Motif.
{% if status %}{{ status }}
{% endif %}Annotation: {{ motif_annotation }}
Short Annotation: {{ short_annotation }}
The following table shows the fragment and loss features that are explained by this Mass2Motifs and their corresponding probabilities. After thresholding to save the model, the total probability left in this motif is {{total_prob}}. The column MAGMa Substructure Annotation shows substructures and the counts of MAGMa annotations for documents linked above threshold to this motif in this experiment. Hovering over each MAGMa substructure shows a plot of the substructure.
| Feature | Probability | MAGMA Substructure Annotation |
|---|---|---|
| {{ motif_feature.feature.name }} | {{ motif_feature.probability|floatformat:"3" }} |
|
| Term name | Count in motif | Percentage in motif | Percentage in experiment | Absolute difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {{subterm.name}} | {{count}} | {{perc|floatformat}} | {{background|floatformat}} | {{diff|floatformat}} |
Two bar plots will appear below this message. The first shows the proportion of the total intensity of these features explained by this Mass2Motif. Red bars show the total intensity (across the whole dataset), blue bars show the proportion explained by the selected Mass2Motif. The second shows the number of times each feature in this Mass2Motif appears in the documents associated with this Mass2Motif.
The following table lists all fragmentation spectra that are explained by this Mass2Motif at the threshold specified in the experiment option.
| Fragmentation spectra | Precursor Mass | Parent mass | Annotation | Probability | Overlap Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| {{dm2m.document.name}} | {{dm2m.document.mass|floatformat:4}} | {{dm2m.document.parentmass|floatformat:4}} | {{dm2m.document.annotation}} | {{dm2m.probability|floatformat:"3"}} | {{dm2m.overlap_score|floatformat:"3"}} |
The fragmentation spectra of molecules explained by this Mass2Motif are plotted below. Features (fragments and losses) explained by this Mass2Motif will be coloured red, while parent ion is coloured in blue. Click Next and Previous to cycle through the fragmentation spectra.


Emulates interaction of Mods with Items, Atlas etc. in Path of Exile.
$ npm install --save poe-mods
Typescript is supported.
import { createItems, createMods, Transmute } from 'poe-mods';
// data has to be provided. see eps1lon/poedb
Promise.all([
fetch('/items.json')
.then(body => body.json())
.then(props => createItems(props))
.then(items => {
return items.from(item => {
return item.name === 'Iron Greaves';
});
}),
fetch('/mods.json')
.then(body => body.json())
.then(props => createMods(props))
.then(mods => Transmute.build(mods.all())),
]).then(([greaves, transmute]) => {
console.log(transmute.modsFor(greaves).map(({ mod }) => mod)); // => GeneratorDetails[]
console.log(transmute.applyTo(greaves)); // => Item
});
Data for for the create*
helpers can be imported from poe-mods/data/
.
If you want to use the data somewhere else you can use https://unpkg.com/poe-mods@/data/. The data provided by unpkg supports compression.
To provide the best support for redux every class is immutable.
declare var item: Item;
item.setRaritiy('magic') === item // false
item.addMod(someMod) === item // false
Issue reports and pull requests are always welcome.
When you contribute code please make sure that it passes the test, lint and format checks. Pull requests should be made against the master branch and Travis will inform you wheather all checks have passed.
MIT
Generated using TypeDoc


| Breeding Distribution |
(P)Polar |
South: Antarctic Continent / North: 80N-90N |
| (SP) Subpolar |
South: just off the edge of the Antarctic continent to about 50S / North: 80N to Antarctic circle |
| (Tm) Temperate |
South: about 50S to 30S / North: below Arctic Circle to 25-30N |
| (STr) Subtropical |
South: about 30S-15S / North: about 25-30N to 15N |
| (Tr) Tropical |
15S to 15N |
| IUCN status |
DD |
Data Deficient: A taxon is Data Deficient when there is inadequate information to make a direct, or indirect, assessment of its risk of extinction based on its distribution and/or population status. A taxon in this category may be well studied, and its biology well known, but appropriate data on abundance and/or distribution are lacking. Data Deficient is therefore not a category of threat. Listing of taxa in this category indicates that more information is required and acknowledges the possibility that future research will show that threatened classification is appropriate |
| LC |
Least Concern: A taxon is Least Concern when it has been evaluated against the criteria and does not qualify for Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable or Near Threatened. Widespread and abundant taxa are included in this category |
| NT |
IUCN Red List Categories, Near Threatened: A taxon is Near Threatened when it has been evaluated against the criteria but does not qualify for Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable now, but is close to qualifying for or is likely to qualify for a threatened category in the near future |
| VU |
Vulnerable: A taxon is Vulnerable when the best available evidence (large population decline, small population, small geographic area occupied, or if the calculated probability of extinction during the next 20 years is at least 10%) indicates that it is considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild |
| EN |
Endangered: A taxon is Endangered when the best available evidence (large population decline, small population, small geographic area occupied, or if the calculated probability of extinction during the next 20 years is >20%) indicates that it is considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild |
| CR |
Critically Endangered: A taxon is Critically Endangered when the best available evidence (severe population decline, very small population, very small geographic area occupied, or if the calculated probability of extinction during the next 10 years of >50%) indicates that it is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild |
| EW |
Extinct in the Wild: A taxon is Extinct in the Wild when it is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalized population (or populations) well outside the past range. A taxon is presumed Extinct in the Wild when exhaustive surveys in known and/or expected habitat, at appropriate times (diurnal, seasonal, annual), throughout its historic range have failed to record an individual. Surveys should be over a time frame appropriate to the taxon's life cycle and life form |
| EX |
Extinct in the Wild: A taxon is Extinct in the Wild when it is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalized population (or populations) well outside the past range. A taxon is presumed Extinct in the Wild when exhaustive surveys in known and/or expected habitat, at appropriate times (diurnal, seasonal, annual), throughout its historic range have failed to record an individual. Surveys should be over a time frame appropriate to the taxon's life cycle and life form |
| Hatchling type |
(P) Precocial |
Chicks have either down or contour feathers and are born with eyes open and leave nest early (can sometimes feed selves) |
| (SP) Semiprecocial |
Chicks have down and hatch with eyes open, but remain around the nest for some time soon after hatching |
| (SA) Semi-Altricial |
Chicks have down and can hatch with or without eyes open, but remain in nest to be fed until ready to fledge |
| (A) Altricial |
Chicks have no down and are hatched with eyes closed, will remain in nest until fledged |


Preparation time
less than 30 mins
Cooking time
10 to 30 mins
Serves
Serves 4
Dietary
For the pesto, place all the pesto ingredients, except the Cabernet Sauvignon vinegar, into a food processor and blend to a fine purée. Set aside.
For the croquettes, preheat the oven to 160C/320F/Gas 2.
Preheat the oil in a deep fat fryer to 160C. (CAUTION: Hot oil can be dangerous. Do not leave unattended.)
Place the potatoes into a saucepan of salted water and bring to the boil. Cook for 12-18 minutes, or until tender, then drain and return to the pan.
Place the pan of potatoes back over the heat until all the moisture has evaporated. Mash with a potato masher or ricer until smooth.
Add the parmesan cheese, one tablespoon of the red pesto, and all the sun-blushed tomatoes and basil to the mash and mix well. Add salt and freshly ground black pepper, to taste. (Add a little flour if the mixture is too wet to form into shapes with your hands.)
Divide the mixture into 12 equal-sized pieces and shape into cylinder croquettes, using your hands. Push a small piece of mozzarella into the centre of each croquette, closing up the potato to completely cover the mozzarella.
Place the remaining flour and the breadcrumbs onto two separate plates. Place the eggs in a bowl. Dredge the croquettes in the flour, then dip them into the beaten eggs and finally roll them in the breadcrumbs, to cover, retaining the shape.
Carefully lower a few croquettes at a time into the preheated deep fat fryer and cook for 3-4 minutes, or until golden-brown and crisp. Remove with a slotted spoon and drain on kitchen paper. Transfer the croquettes to a roasting tray and place in the preheated oven to keep warm.
To serve, add the Cabernet Sauvignon vinegar to the remaining pesto and place a spoonful onto each of four plates. Place three croquettes on top of each dollop of pesto and garnish with rocket.


Before Change
"""
batch_size = tf.shape(y_pred)[0] // tf.int32
n_boxes = tf.shape(y_pred)[1] // tf.int32
depth = tf.shape(y_pred)[2] // tf.int32
// 1: Compute the losses for class and box predictions for each default box
After Change
positives = tf.to_float(tf.reduce_max(y_true[:,:,1:-8], axis=-1)) // Tensor of shape (batch_size, n_boxes)
// Count the number of positive boxes (classes 1 to n) in y_true across the whole batch
n_positive = tf.reduce_sum(positives)
// Now mask all negative boxes and sum up the losses for the positive boxes PER batch item
// (Keras loss functions must output one scalar loss value PER batch item, rather than just
// one scalar for the entire batch, that"s why we"re not summing across all axes)
pos_class_loss = tf.reduce_sum(classification_loss * positives, axis=-1) // Tensor of shape (batch_size,)
// Compute the classification loss for the negative default boxes (if there are any)
// First, compute the classification loss for all negative boxes
neg_class_loss_all = classification_loss * negatives // Tensor of shape (batch_size, n_boxes)
n_neg_losses = tf.count_nonzero(neg_class_loss_all, dtype=tf.int32) // The number of non-zero loss entries in `neg_class_loss_all`
// What"s the point of `n_neg_losses`? For the next step, which will be to compute which negative boxes enter the classification
// loss, we don"t just want to know how many negative ground truth boxes there are, but for how many of those there actually is
// a positive (i.e. non-zero) loss. This is necessary because `tf.nn.top-k()` in the function below will pick the top k boxes with
// the highest losses no matter what, even if it receives a vector where all losses are zero. In the unlikely event that all negative
// classification losses ARE actually zero though, this behavior might lead to `tf.nn.top-k()` returning the indices of positive
// boxes, leading to an incorrect negative classification loss computation, and hence an incorrect overall loss computation.
// We therefore need to make sure that `n_negative_keep`, which assumes the role of the `k` argument in `tf.nn.top-k()`,
// is at most the number of negative boxes for which there is a positive classification loss.
// Compute the number of negative examples we want to account for in the loss
// We"ll keep at most `self.neg_pos_ratio` times the number of positives in `y_true`, but at least `self.n_neg_min` (unless `n_neg_loses` is smaller)
n_negative_keep = tf.minimum(tf.maximum(self.neg_pos_ratio * tf.to_int32(n_positive), self.n_neg_min), n_neg_losses)
// In the unlikely case when either (1) there are no negative ground truth boxes at all
// or (2) the classification loss for all negative boxes is zero, return zero as the `neg_class_loss`
def f1():


Fleet Management System
Vehicles
Add Vehicle
ID
Registration
Make
Model
Colour
Horse Power
Create Vehicle
Registration
Valid vehicle registration is required.
Vehicle Make
Valid vehicle make is required.
Vehicle Model
Valid vehicle model is required.
Vehicle Colour
Valid vehicle colour is required.
Vehicle Horse Power
Valid vehicle horse power is required.
Update Vehicle
Registration
Valid vehicle registration is required.
Vehicle Make
Valid vehicle make is required.
Vehicle Model
Valid vehicle model is required.
Vehicle Colour
Valid vehicle colour is required.
Vehicle Horse Power
Valid vehicle horse power is required.


Growth of Clusters
Visualisation made using D3 Transitions
Please wait ~10 seconds for script to load


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MUGSHOT (director/writer/cinematographer/editor: Matt Mahurin; cast: Belinda Becker (Stella), Michael Williams (Rumor), Robert Knepper (Joe/Chris), Robert Walker (Random), Willie Lassic (young brother of Rumor), Maxine Joiner (Rumor's mother); Runtime: 87; Mortal Films; 1995)
Reviewed by Dennis Schwartz
A bleak indie film about a stolen identity. There's not much more to this visually stylish film than what meets the eye, as it relies on shock to tell its story of a prolonged vicious mugging. It falls into the category of being a pretentious art-house film, leaving a bitter taste in one's mouth as it stereotypes its characters and unintentionally further inflames the racial issues. It tries to make a heavy-handed point about disenfranchised black youths trapped by their environment, with their only way out being crime. But the story is so filled with violence and its NYC setting looks like hell, that it's hard to enjoy this film and to follow what the logic in the story is supposed to mean. The relationship between the black mugger and his white victim is a cloudy one, which the film never determines what it wants to say about it.
Matt Mahurin is virtual one-man crew in putting this film together (director/writer /cinematographer/editor), who is a still photographer in his day job. The film works best as a visually challenging piece, as each shot looks like a photograph carefully telling the story unfolding.
 He becomes a victim of amnesia and his head is bloodied as he's left in a deserted Harlem building, as the gang leaves him for dead; but, one of the muggers, Rumor (Michael Williams), comes back and pretends to help him. He's a would-be photographer, who keeps a scrapbook entitled MugShots in the project apartment he shares with his mother and younger brother. Keeping his victim in the dark about who he is by calling him Joe and not telling him what's happening, he becomes the photographer for a few days. He enters the photographer's stylish Greenwich Village apartment and steals his expensive camera, and decides to hold the mugging vic for ransom when he finds out he has a black girlfriend, Stella (Belinda Becker). She's the only one in the film who could act.
The film is stuck with a clumsy dialogue and an overuse of symbolism, as it ends with nothing more to tell after the shock and the violent situation it created except to beat it into the ground. It could only be commended for how appealing the film looks, as if it's a scrapbook of still photos put together to celebrate a mugging.
REVIEWED ON 6/11/2001 GRADE: C-
Dennis Schwartz: "Ozus' World Movie Reviews"
http://www.sover.net/~ozus
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>© ALL RIGHTS RESERVED DENNIS SCHWARTZ
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Search tabs page¶
The Search tabs page of the GEE Server Admin console is where you can customize search services. From this page you can:
- View the default search tabs:
- POISearch: Search from select vector and map layer fields.
- GeocodingFederated: Search for places or coordinates.
- Places: Search for places using the built-in locations database.
- Coordinate: Search for latitude, longitude pairs. The
following formats are supported:
- Decimal Degrees (e.g. 39.507618° -84.168556°)
- Degrees, Minutes, Seconds (e.g. 20°40′01.51″S 131°53′51.39″E)
- Degrees, Decimal Minutes (e.g. 49°32.876′N 110°9.193′E)
- Universal Transverse Mercator (e.g. 43 R 637072.95 m E 2825582.86 m N)
- Military Grid Reference System (e.g. 36NTL8040632621)
- Create new search tabs: Click Create New and provide a search name, label, and parameters.
- Edit search tabs: Check the box next to a search tab and click Edit. Editing a default search tab creates a new search tab with your changes.
- Delete custom search tabs: Check the box next to a custom search tab and click Delete.
Learn more


Abstract:
The phrase "algebra of logic"
is commonly used to describe the classic work of Boole and
others. The phrase "geometry of logic" is less common; this
note
supplies some background on what it might mean.
It is well known that the set of 16 connectives ("and," "or," etc.) of
two-variable Boolean logic and the set of
16 subsets of an four-element set (a 4-set) have
the same
structure-- a Boolean lattice. It is also
well known that the group of Boolean-lattice automorphisms, or
symmetries, of the 16 connectives is isomorphic to the group of 24
permutations of the 4-set. Nevertheless, some
authors* have
proposed additional automorphisms of the 16 connectives, based on
symmetries of geometric figures (such as a Hasse diagram of
the
Boolean lattice) labeled by the connectives. Such proposed
automorphisms may be viewed in a
larger context-- that of the 322,560 automorphisms
of the four-dimensional affine space A over the
two-element
Galois field GF(2).
The phrase "geometry of
logic" has been used by,
among others, David Miller of the department of philosophy at the
University of
Warwick. The following is from a talk by Miller:
Figure 1
Miller's "geometry of logic" is based on a pseudometric
space. This note discusses a "geometry of logic"
that
differs from Miller's but is related to one of Miller's
illustrations. Figure 1, Miller's picture of a Hasse diagram
of a
Boolean lattice,
may
also be viewed as
a tesseract (4-dimensional hypercube) whose vertices represent the 16
traditional "binary connectives" (logical operations on two variables)
of basic logic. The tesseract's 16 vertices may also, as in
Figure 2,
below, be regarded as representing either the 16 subsets of a 4-set or
the 16 elements of the affine
4-space
A over the two-element Galois field GF(2).
Figure 2
The binary-connective labels in Figure 1 above correspond to the
digital labels in Figure 2 above. Thus the binary-connective
labels and the
digital labels provide different ways of looking at the same abstract
structure, which can itself be interpreted either as a Hasse diagram of
a Boolean lattice or as a tesseract.
If interpreted as a Boolean-lattice diagram, this abstract structure
has a group
of automorphisms (one-to-one self-mappings preserving the partial
ordering) of order 24, corresponding to the group of all
permutations of an underlying 4-set.
If interpreted as a tesseract, the abstract structure has a group
of automorphisms (one-to-one self-mappings preserving adjacency) of
order 384.
The tesseract interpretation suggests a "geometry of logic" different
from Miller's-- the geometry of the 4x4 square. Such a square, if
interpreted as an adjacency structure (on a torus, i.e., with each cell
on an edge of the array adjacent to the corresponding cell on the
opposite edge), also has a group of 384 automorphisms-- essentially the
same as those of the tesseract, since
there is an adjacency-preserving isomophism of the tesseract's 16
vertices with the array's 16 unit cells. (See this site's
discussion
of a 1937 problem of R.
D. Carmichael.)
As we applied labels to the tesseract, we can also apply labels to the
4x4 square. The 16 binary-connective labels of
Figure 1-- redrawn as Venn diagrams-- and the 16 digital labels of
Figure 2 can be applied to the 16
unit cells of a 4x4 square as in Figure 3 below.
The 4x4 array, can, like the
tesseract, be viewed in various ways. If interpreted as a
rigid
geometric figure, the array has as automorphisms the group of 8
symmetries of the square. If interpreted as an adjacency
structure, the array has, as noted above, a group of 384
automorphisms. If we do not require that an automorphism (or
symmetry) of the
array
preserve adjacency of unit cells, the array may be viewed as having a
much larger group of symmetries: 322,560. This is the order
of
the full
affine group acting on the 16 digital labels, when these labels are
regarded as names of the 16 points of the affine 4-space
A
over
the two-element Galois field GF(2). (See "
Geometry
of the
4x4 Square.")
For a purely geometric way to generate the affine group, without any
reference to the digital labels (i.e., coordinates), see
the
kaleidoscope puzzle.
This affine group includes the previously mentioned groups of orders 8,
24, and 384 as subgroups.
Figure 3 below allows us to compare some authors' suggestions* for
interesting permutations of the 16 binary connectives (here represented
by Venn diagrams) with permutations acting, as in "
Geometry
of the
4x4 Square," on the 16 affine 4-space points (here
represented by
digital labels). A table by Donald E. Knuth is used to
translate
the Venn diagrams into the standard non-digital notations for the
connectives.
Figure 3
To recapitulate-- as noted previously, in Figure 2 viewed as a
lattice-diagram the 16 digital labels 0000, 0001, etc., may be
interpreted as naming the 16 subsets of a 4-set; in this case the
partial ordering in the lattice is the
structure preserved by the lattice's group of 24 automorphisms-- the
same
automorphism group as that of the 16 Boolean connectives.
If,
however,
the 16 digital labels are interpreted as naming the 16 functions from
a 4-set to a 2-set (of two truth values, of two colors, of
two
finite-field elements, and so forth), it is not obvious that the notion
of partial order is relevant. For such a set of 16 functions,
the
relevant group of automorphisms may be the affine group of
A
mentioned above. One might argue that each Venn diagram in
Figure
3
constitutes such a function-- specifically, a mapping of four
nonoverlapping regions
within a rectangle to a set of two colors-- and that the diagrams,
considered simply as a set of two-color mappings, have an automorphism
group of order larger than 24... in fact, of order 322,560.
Whether
such a group can be regarded as forming part of a "geometry of
logic" is open to debate.
Miller's talk refers to his earlier construction of a geometric space
whose points are the propositions of a theory:
In ‘A Geometry of Logic’ (1984)...
I set out to be utterly literal, and to show how
single propositions (but not theories) may be
regarded as points in a metric or pseudometric
space. I presented three rather dissimilar
axiomatizations (one new, two well known) of
a pseudometrical theory of distance in Boolean
algebra, which is the canonical algebraic
representation of classical propositional logic.
As the above figures suggest, a rather different "utterly literal"
approach might involve, not a metric or pseudometric space, but instead
the finite geometry A.
In summary, geometrically-defined permutations acting on the
16
Boolean
connectives have seemed, to some,* a
nontrivial topic for study. The 4x4 space A
provides a new** setting for such investigations, a setting that
accommodates many more automorphisms than have previously been
considered in what has been called "the geometry of logic."
* That mathematically unlearned authors such as Jean Piaget
(see
Jean-Blaise Grize's discussion of Piaget, "Operatory Logic," pp. 77-86
in Inhelder, De Caprona, and Cornu-Wells (eds.), Piaget Today,
Psychology Press (UK), 1987) and Shea Zellweger (see his "Untapped
Potential in Peirce's Iconic Notation for the Sixteen Binary
Connectives", pp. 334–386 in Houser, Roberts, Van Evra (eds.), Studies
in the Logic of Charles Sanders Peirce,
Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN, 1997) have discussed
variants of the
geometric-figure approach to Boolean automorphisms does not necessarily
mean that it is unworthy of attention. For an approach more
sophisticated than those of Piaget and Zellweger, see, for instance,
Achille C. Varzi's "The
Geometry of Negation" (with Massimo Warglien), Journal
of
Applied Non-Classical Logics, 13 (2003), 9-19.
(Thanks to an
anonymous Usenet author for this reference.)
|
Further details:
A search for references to Zellweger leads to a detailed
description of a group of 16 "logical automorphisms" of the
16 binary connectives in the paper
"Simetria y Logica: La notacion de Peirce para los 16 conectivos
binarios," by Mireya
Garcia, Jhon Fredy Gomez, and Arnold Oostra. (Published in the Memorias
del XII Encuentro de Geometria y sus Aplicaciones,
Universidad Pedagogica Nacional, Bogota, June 2001; on the Web at http://www.unav.es/gep/Articulos/SimetriaYLogica.pdf.)
The authors do not identify this group as isomorphic to a subgroup of
the affine group of A;
this can serve as an exercise. The Oostra paper also suggests
an
introductory exercise for those unfamiliar with Boolean lattices:
determine whether the
authors' order-16 group includes all
transformations that might
reasonably
be called "logical automorphisms" of the 16 binary connectives.
|
** Update of Sept. 12, 2007: There may be some question about the word
"new" here. See, for
instance, "
Logic
as a Vector System," by
Jonathan Westphal and Jim
Hardy,
Journal of Logic and Computation
2005 15(5): 751-765. Westphal and Hardy said that "no
one has, so far as we know, proposed modelling propositions as
vectors while retaining classical logic." They discussed a system of
arrow diagrams, superficially resembling vectors in a Euclidean
space, that can be used to illustrate propositional logic. In contrast,
the above affine space
A over GF(2) is naturally
associated
(like any affine space) with a true vector space-- namely, the space of
its translations. The 16 points of
A may be
regarded as
elements of either the affine space or the vector space, depending on
what sort of transformations they are to undergo.
Update of Sept. 27, 2007: The above association of the affine
4-space A with the 16 Boolean connectives is not
new. See, for
instance, Carol
von der Lin on Projective
Structures (unsigned, undated, web page, parts of which are from
Nov. 2003 or before). The resulting association of
the
Boolean connectives with group actions on the 4x4 square may, however,
be new.
For a much more sophisticated approach to geometry and logic,
see Steven
Vickers on geometric
logic.
Author: Steven H.
Cullinane
Page created March 10, 2007. Last modified September 27, 2007.


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sql-fixtures is a Node.js module that generates SQL data. It is ideal for integration tests and dummy data. It supports PostgreSQL, MySQL, MariaDB and SQLite, and is easy to use. It uses knex under the hood.
npm install --save-dev sql-fixtures
You will also need to install a driver for whatever database you are using, such as pg for PostgreSQL, for example.
var sqlFixtures = require('sql-fixtures'); // depending on which database engine you are using // this is a typical PostgreSQL config for the pg driver var dbConfig = { client: 'pg', connection: { host: 'localhost', user: 'testdb', password: 'password', database: 'testdb', port: 15432 } }; var dataSpec = { users: { username: 'Bob', email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>} }; sqlFixtures.create(dbConfig, dataSpec, function(err, result) { // at this point a row has been added to the users table console.log(result.users[0].username); });
Both callbacks and promises are supported by sqlFixtures.create(). You can either do
sqlFixtures.create(dbConfig, dataSpec, callback)
or
sqlFixtures.create(dbConfig, dataSpec).then(callback, errback).
When using callbacks, the signature is the Node standard function(err, result), with err being falsy if there is no error.
This object indicates what data should get added to the database. The root keys of the object must match your table names exactly. The keys of the objects under the table must match column names exactly.
var dataSpec = { // this must match your table's name exactly users: { // this must match your column name exactly username: 'Bob' } };
If you need to insert more than one record, use an array instead
var dataSpec = { users: [ { username: 'Bob' }, { username: 'Sally'} ] };
sql-fixtures will resolve foreign relation columns automatically for you. This feature is the real power behind the module. To do this, reference the desired foreign relation from another table using a string
var dataSpec = { users: [ { username: 'Bob' }, { username: 'Sally'} ], items: { name: 'book', // at database insertion time, this will be Bob's id user_id: 'users:0' } }; sqlFixtures.create(dbConfig, dataSpec, function(err, result) { console.log(result.items[0].user_id == result.users[0].id); // true });
As of version 0.12.0, you can resolve foreign keys against data already in the database.
var dataSpec = { items: { name: 'book', user_id: {from: 'users', where: {'name': 'Bob'}} } };
In the above, sql-fixtures will look for a user whose name is set to Bob. The found row's id will be set as the user_id before inserting the item row.
from must indicate a table name, and where can be any knex where expression. The result must return one row, otherwise an error will be thrown.
You can resolve other columns by appending their name to the resolution string. If left off it assumes you want id
var dataSpec = { users: [ { username: 'bob' }, { username: 'users:0:username' } ] };
Both of the above users will have their username set to "bob"
As of version 1.0.0, you can resolve other columns from existing data:
var dataSpec = { items: { name: {from: 'users', column: 'middle_name', where: {'name': 'Bob'}} } };
In the above, a query for Bob's middle name will be performed, then set as the item's name.
If you are generating a lot of data, indices can get tedious. You can use a specId instead.
var dataSpec = { users: { username: 'bob', specId: 'mySpecialUser' }, items: { // this resolves to bob's id // at creation time user_id: 'users:mySpecialUser', name: 'book' } }; var dbConfig = {...}; // see below sqlFixtures.create(dbConfig, dataSpec, function(err, result) { console.log(result.Items[0].userId === result.Users[0].id); // true });
If you need a literal : in a string column, double it up to escape it
var dataSpec = { websites: { // https://github.com is what gets written to the database url: 'https:://github.com' } };
sql-fixtures can run arbitrary sql by use of the sql key on the dataSpec object. This SQL must conform to your database. After any resolution has been done, the string is passed as is to the database.
var dataSpec = { users: { username: 'bob' }, // notice the sql key also supports resolution sql: 'insert into items ("name", "user_id") values (\'book\', {users:0})' };
NOTE: the result object that is returned will have nothing in it in regards to arbitrary SQL. As far as that object is concerned, arbitrary sql does not exist.
Also: the sql key can be an array of sql statements. The statements will be performed in parallel with no guarantee of order.
When using Postgres, you can specify array columns. They support resolution as well.
var dataSpec = { has_integer: { integer: 7 }, needs_integer: { // the last value will be 7 at insertion time integer_array: [1, 2, 'has_integer:0:integer'] } };
You can pass in an options object to create() to further control the data generation.
var options = { unique: true, showWarning: false }; sqlFixtures.create(dbConfig, dataSpec, options, function(err, result) { ... });
unique, If true, sqlFixtures will attempt to avoid inserting a new row that is identical to existing rows in the table.
NOTE: unique is slightly experimental and might change or go away in the future.
showWarning, if false, suppresses the warning about no primary key columns, see the No primary key warning section for more details.
The dbConfig object that you pass to sqlFixtures is handed off as-is to Knex. See Knex's documentation on clients for more info on what needs to be in this object.
calling sqlFixtures.destroy(callback) will close the connection to the database. destroy() both can take a callback and returns a promise to indicate when the connection has been closed or if there was an error.
Generally you work with sql-fixtures calling the static create() method. You can also create an instance of sql-fixtures if you like. This has the advantage of not having to pass the database config to create() every time, and also gives you access to the knex object that sql-fixtures creates right away.
var sqlFixtures = require('sql-fixtures'); var fixtureCreator = new sqlFixtures(dbConfig); // fixtureCreator.knex is now available and ready to go // when calling create(), omit the dbConfig parameter fixtureCreator.create(dataSpec, callback);
If you already have your own instance of knex, you can have sql-fixtures use it by creating an instance of sql-fixtures and passing in the knex instance.
var sqlFixtures = require('sql-fixtures'); var myKnex = knex(myDbConfig); var fixtureCreator = new sqlFixtures(myKnex); // your instance of knex is now used to create data fixtureCreator.create(dataSpec, callback);
If you are using your own instance of knex, then sqlFixtures.destroy() is not supported, you must destroy knex yourself.
If you are using MySQL, Maria or SQLite with "without rowids on your tables" and you want to insert records using sql-fixtures on a table that lacks a primary key, you may get unexpected results. Postgres does not have this limitation.
SQLite note: SQLite only has this limitation if you created your tables without rowids. If you don't know what rowids are, then you don't have this limitation.
This is due to how these databases perform inserts. After an insert, sql-fixtures needs to then retrieve the entire inserted row from the database. This is so data that is needed to resolve other dependencies in fixtures can be obtained.
The only way I know of to do this in non-postgres databases is to make a SELECT query using the id of the most recently inserted row. For example, in MySQL/Maria this can be done with SELECT * from table where id = LAST_INSERT_ID(). But if your table lacks a primary key column, then there's no way to do this. In this scenario, sql-fixtures will still do a SELECT and hope the row that comes back is the right one.
Most of the time this won't be a problem, but it can be in more advanced/unusual scenarios.
Postgres avoids this problem because you can have Postgres return the inserted rows as the result of the insert. This also means sql-fixtures is more performant with Postgres, as it can insert rows in bulk, where with the other databases records must be inserted one at a time.
You can suppress this warning by adding {showWarning: false} as an additional parameter to create().


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"Autocomplete involves the program predicting a word or phrase that the user wants to type in without the user actually typing it in completely. Autocomplete ... speeds up human-computer interactions in environments to which it is well suited." -- Wikipedia My team was using Autocomplete on a project and weren't satisfied with our existing solution Other teams were using different Autocomplete libraries and had custom hacks More teams were looking to add Autocomplete components
jQueryUI Autocomplete jQuery Tokeninput VisualSearch.js None of these components had exactly what we were looking for. None of these components were easily modified to meet our requirements.
Feature complete for existing use cases with standard config IE7+ compatibility Faster than alternatives (ie: should be fast in IE7) Minimal dependencies Easy for developers to use
~2,500 lines of JS ~100 lines of CSS JS is 20.9 KB minified (for reference, jQuery minified is 90.5 KB) CSS is 2.32 KB minified (for reference, Bootstrap minified is 103.5 KB, jQueryUI Smoothness theme is 26.8 KB) JS code passes the Google Closure Linter 100% Works in IE6+ Minimum jQuery version required is 1.4.2 (released Feb 2010) Open source MIT license
Uses the constructor pattern to create a new object DOM elements kept in memory Most state kept in memory Most events are handled on the parent element using event delegation Pure functions where possible Most functions that affect state have guard clauses
"Module scope" constants (13 variables) "Module scope" stateful (9 variables) Util functions (14 functions) Data validation (9 functions) Data expansion / set defaults (6 functions) Markup building functions (9 functions) DOM manipulation (14 functions) Control flow / data manipulation (30 functions; lots of state management) Browser events (16 functions) Public API methods (18 functions) Initialization (3 functions)
Someone else has almost certainly tried it before you. "Stand on the shoulders of giants" Learn "Here be dragons" areas Keydown setTimeout example from jQuery Tokeninput
Examples and API should be driving the code, not the other way around Examples should be idiomatic: write them the way you want people to use your API API and Examples should link to each other Each example and API reference should have a unique URL Your examples become your de facto test cases
IE7+ compatability, speed Minimal dependencies Lots of examples to start from Plentiful documentation Unique error codes and meaningful error messages Download links for every use case What things have prevented you from using a library / language / platform in the past?
Nothing is better than pure data "Smart data structures and dumb code works a lot better than the other way around." -- Eric Raymond "It is better to have 100 functions operate on one data structure than to have 10 functions operate on 10 data structures." -- Alan J. Perlis Correctly modeling the data of your program is the hard part; working with that data should be easy. It's a code smell if the complexity of your program is in the way it deals with data and not the data itself.
Pure functions are always correct. Prefer a pure function to any other abstraction. Start with great defaults, then let people override as needed. Prefer explicit comparisons Use a linter
Thank You! Chris Oakman<EMAIL_ADDRESS>http://autocompletejs.com https://github.com/oakmac/Introducing-AutoCompleteJS


This article is a follow-up to the freelancing session conducted by Abhijit Tomar and Harshit Manocha at IIT Bombay on 17th of September 2016. It is intended to be a primer for any student looking to work as a part time freelancer. Two paths will be covered- those of a developer and a designer. This post will cover the broad topics of:
- Why freelancing?
- A student’s approach
- Opportunities overview
- Online freelancing
- Avoiding common issues
- Staying grounded
- Getting the right client
- Before a deal
- Into the deal
- Tips
Why freelancing?
You may want to get into freelancing for three reasons:
- To learn
As a student, freelancing can be a great way to learn. It can provide an insight into how companies work. Working on live projects with actual goals and deadlines gives you a real-world experience that is not easily achieved in the safe, classroom setting.
- To earn
Even if you are not short on cash, freelancing can be a way to earn some pocket money. The feeling of independence it provides is worth putting in the hours for.
- Skill building
While working, you are simultaneously building your technical skills. This can open doors to bigger and better opportunities in future.
A student’s approach
As a student, the right approach is to optimise learning, rather than monetary returns. For instance, if you are an experienced frontend web developer, the logical move is to venture into backend developement - even if your immediate earning potential is higher in frontend. A similar ideology can be applied in the design side. If you are experienced in UI/UX design, try exploring things like branding or social media. By working on varying projects, you will gain a diverse, heterogeneous skillset that is more valuable.
Opportunities Overview
The following are the kind of opportunites currently seen in the market:
- Web (frontend)
Every start-up or small business needs a website. And making those websites needs web developers.
- Android & iOS
I’ve never seen a jobless Android developer. The current market demand for Android developers is too damn high. As long as Apple is in business, every company will also need an iOS app. Since iOS development requires an iDevice, the supply of iOS developers in the market is less, and are hence valued higher.
- Backend (web and app)
To get work as a backend developer, you need frontend and Android dev friends who will recommend you :)
- Blogging / Content Writing
I could give you 17 reasons why anyone can be a blogger these days. However, demand for serious bloggers and content writers also exists depending on your domain expertise.
- Creative Design
I am using this as an umbrella term for the various creative services required by business. It may include UI/UX design, poster and logo design, video editing, branding etc. In this field, it is difficult to build a reputation. But once you’ve earned a name for yourself, it can be very lucrative.
Online freelancing
There are several websites that serve as platforms for freelancers to meet clients. For a small percentage of your earnings, these websites will get you clients, and implement some form of an escrow system to ensure that both parties are treated fairly.
This happens to be among the popular ones. Here, you need to compete against other freelancers to get your proposal selected. A series of rejections can get disheartening since your work on the bid goes to waste.
This may be a better option for someone looking to make a stable income. You make your profile and list your hourly rate. Start at low rates, rack up good reviews and earn your way to a larger hourly rate.
If you have reason to believe that your skills are better than the majority of professionals in your field, then this is the place for you. Toptal advertises itself to host the crème de la crème in the freelancing world. You can naturally expect to be paid higher than on other platforms (given you are able to clear the selection process). However, it is only for full-time freelancers. So, if you want to make a career in freelancing this is what you should be aiming for.
Avoiding common issues
There can be many issues (pesky clients) you may run into while working as a freelancer. Some of them are:
- Technically challenged clients
I have worked with clients, who even after several months had no idea what I really did (I work as a backend developer). You will often meet who will have difficulty wrapping their head around what you work on. Since they have zero knowledge of technical matters, it can be difficult for them to understand what is easy, difficult, or impossible to accomplish. It can also get difficult for you to justify how much you should be paid. Some view everything technical as the same black box and may have unreasonable demands (“Okay it’s almost done, but we just add a chat feature to this website? I’m sure it’s easy - every website has it these days.”). You will run into problems with this client due to not being able to communicate effectively (which may not be the fault of anyone in particular).
- The future billionaire
He is convinced his app / website is going to hit it big. His favourite sentence is “We are going to be the Uber of X”.   Unless he has a past record of creating multi-million dollar business, this is the point where you fake an emergency and promise to get back next week (never).
- Sleazy start-up guy
Hey!  This may or may not be the future billionaire’s partner in crime. The first question you should ask yourself is, “Why did he so easily offer me 15% of his self-proclaimed billion dollar startup on the first meeting?” This can be for two reasons- either he knows the shares aren’t worth anything, or he believes they are and is gullible enough to give them to you on the first meeting. Dealing with such an insincere / slow person, you will only end up wasting your time. Avoid this person at all costs.
Staying grounded
From the above representations you may think no one could fall for such obvious mistakes. However in real life the prospects offered can sound convincing and tempting. Most clients you deal with will have some degree of the above listed attributes. In such a scenario, it is important to keep a professional relation. Stay an arm’s length and do not get involved into the start-up more than your job requires. If you do get involved, do remember that most (even genuinely good) ideas fail for random reasons in the real world. You have better odds hitting it large in the powerball. Even if you have a great team with a clear gameplan, you will only likely be mildly successful at best.
Getting the right client
As a student, the act of freelancing is essentially brought down to choosing the right client. Try to get a client with the following qualities:
- Has skills
There is no better to enhance your skills than to work with a more skilled team. Getting such a client can be made easier if you leave out the goal of making profits. If your only takeaway in the project is money, your takeaway in the long term is zero.
- Someone you can trust
I cannot stress how important this is. While working on real projects, there is a great deal that can go wrong.  Trust your instincts, if it doesn’t feel right it probably isn’t.
- Someone you can learn from
Learning can be not just technical. Most of the learning you will derive as a freelancer will be implicit and non-technical. You need someone with strong ethics and fundamentals in the field he/she is working.
- Someone with brand value
Working with a company / person who has already made it large in life can set you up for good things in future.
Before a deal
Write. Everything. Down. Making a website isn’t the same as knowing HTML/CSS. You need to write html/css/js code, get hosting, configure access controls, set up a webserver, set up software for production deployment, set up and configure the database, set up admin accounts and controls, get a domain name, configure dns, install an ssl certificate, install failsafe measures for the production server, ensure data backups at intervals, log activity, implement abuse prevention safeguards and test to ensure the website doesn’t contain vulnerabilities (non-exhaustive).
If it isn’t obvious yet, you need to be very clear about what you’re going to go and what you’re not. Do the following:
- —> Define scope of work clearly to prevent being exploited. Eg- “I’ll give three iterations. Every change from there is going to cost more”.
- —> Discuss the schedules and timeline. Run them through the client.
- —> Describe the deliverables for formatting / compatibility.
- —> If possible, show a demo deliverable from previous projects.
- —> Lay out the payment schedule. Prefer to be paid weekly, or partly in advance.
Into a deal
- —> Don’t hand over the work until complete payment has been made. Your service is worth nothing to the client once he already has it.
- —> Be professional - use online tools for drafting proposals and invoices.
- —> Communicate with the client. Most problems can be solved with just a small chat.
- —> Notify progress and keep the client updated. Send out mail at least once a week.
- —> Be honest. Is it going to take you a day more? Most clients will be accomodating if you’re honest with them from the start.
- —> Undercommit and overdeliver. Don’t promise anything you can’t keep. The client would have been with two weeks, but you said one. Better to say two and surprise him.
- —> Even if the client asks for something extra later, just do it (given it doesn’t take too much time).
- —> Hand over work in proper format (git for developers, Dropbox / Google Drive for designers).
- —> Own the project.  If you can do anything to make it better - even if it’s not your job - do it (again, time matters).
Tips
- —> Look into forming a binding contract with the client (even if you trust him).
- —> Get a web presence (personal website / behance / dribble / facebook page).
- —> Just because they’re paying doesn’t mean you’re a slave. Lay out contact hours.
- —> Feel free to fire clients.
- —> If you don’t know how to do it, say yes and learn later :)