CHANGELOG¶
0.7.0 - Nov 27th 2018¶
Fixed¶
- Bug in assignment of variants to tier1/tier2 Issue #61
- Missing config option for maf_gnomad_asj in TOML file (also setting
operator to
<=
) Issue #60 - Bug in new CancerMine oncogene/tumor suppressor annotation Issue #53
- vcfanno fix for empty Description (upgrade to vcfanno v0.3.1 Issue #49)
- Bug in message showing too few variants for MSI prediction, Issue #55
- Bug in appending of custom VCF tags
- Still unsolved: how to disambiguate identical FORMAT and INFO tags in vcf2tsv
- Bug in SCNA value box display for multiple copy number hits (Issue #47)
- Bug in vcf2tsv (handling INFO tags encoded with ‘Type = String’, Issue #39)
- Bug in search of UniProt functional features (BED feature regions spanning exons are now handled)
- Stripped off HTML elements (TCGA_FREQUENCY, DBSNP) in TSV output
- Some effect predictions from dbNSFP were not properly parsed (e.g. multiple prediction entries from multiple transcript isoforms), these should now be retrieved correctly
- Removed ‘COSM’ prefix in COSMIC mutation links
- Bug in retrieval of splice site predictions from dbscSNV
Added¶
- Possibility to run PCGR in a non-Docker environment (e.g. using the
–no-docker option). Thanks to an excellent contribution by Vlad
Saveliev, Issue
#35
- Added possibility to add docker user-id
- Possibility for MAF file output (converted with vcf2maf), must be configured by the user in the TOML file (i.e. vcf2maf = true, Issue #17)
- Possibility for adding custom VCF INFO tags to PCGR output files (JSON/TSV), must be configured by the user in the TOML file (i.e. custom_tags)
- Addded MUTATION_HOTSPOT_CANCERTYPES in data tables (i.e. listing tumor types in which hotspot mutations have been found)
- Included the ‘rs’ prefix for dbSNP identifiers (HTML and TSV output)
- Individual entries/columns for variant effect predictions:
- Individual algorithms: SIFT_DBNSFP, M_CAP_DBNSFP, MUTPRED_DBNSFP, MUTATIONTASTER_DBNSFP, MUTATIONASSESSOR_DBNSFP, FATHMM_DBNSFP, FATHMM_MKL_DBNSFP, PROVEAN_DBNSFP
- Ensemble predictions (META_LR_DBNSFP), dbscSNV splice site predictions (SPLICE_SITE_RF_DBNSFP, SPLICE_SITE_ADA_DBNSFP)
- Upgraded samtools to v1.9 (makes vcf2maf work properly)
- Added Ensembl gene/transcript id and corresponding RefSeq mRNA id to TSV/JSON
- Added for future implementation:
- SeqKat + karyoploteR for exploration of kataegis/hypermutation
- CELLector - genomics-guided selection of cancer cell lines
- Upgraded VEP to v94
Changed¶
- Changed CANCER_MUTATION_HOTSPOT to MUTATION_HOTSPOT
- Moved from TSGene 2.0 to
CancerMine for
annotation of tumor suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes
- A minimum of n=3 citations were required to include literatured-mined tumor suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes from CancerMine
0.6.2 - May 9th 2018¶
Fixed¶
- Bug in copy number segment display (missing variable initalization, Issue #34))
- Typo in gnomAD filter statistic (fraction, Issue #31)
- Bug in mutational signature analysis for grch38 (forgot to pass BSgenome object, Issue #27)
- Missing proper ASCII-encoding in vcf2tsv conversion, Issue #
- Removed ‘Noncoding mutations’ section when no input VCF is present
- Bug in annotation of copy number event type (focal/broad)
- Bug in copy number annotation (missing protein-coding transcripts)
- Updated MSI prediction (variable importance, performance measures)
Added¶
- Genome assembly is appended to every output file
- Issue warning for copy number segment that goes beyond chromosomal lengths of specified assembly (segments will be skipped)
- Added missing subtypes for ‘Skin_Cancer_NOS’ in the cancer phenotype dataset
0.6.1 - May 2nd 2018¶
Fixed¶
- Bug in tier assignment ‘pcgr_acmg’ (case for no variants in tier1,2,3)
- Bug in tier assignment ‘pcgr_acmg’ (no tumor type specified, evidence items with weak support detected)
- Bug: duplicated variants in ‘Tier 3’ resulting from genes encoded with dual roles as tumor suppressor genes/oncogenes
- Bug: duplicated variants in ‘Tier 1/Noncoding variants’ resulting from rare cases of noncoding variants occurring in Tier 1 (synonymous variants with biomarker role)
0.6.0 - April 25th 2018¶
Added¶
- New argument in pcgr.py
- assembly (grch37/grch38)
- New option in pcgr.py
- –basic - run comprehensive VCF annotation only, skip report generation and additional analyses
- New sections in HTML report
- Settings and annotation sources - now also listing key PCGR configuration settings
- Main findings - Six value boxes indicating the main findings of clinical relevance
- New configuration options
- [tier_model](string) - choice between pcgr_acmg and pcgr
- [mutational_burden] - set TMB tertile limits
- tmb_low_limit (float)
- tmb_intermediate_limit (float)
- [tumor_type] - choose between 34 tumor types/classes:
- Adrenal_Gland_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Ampullary_Carcinoma_NOS (logical)
- Biliary_Tract_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Bladder_Urinary_Tract_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Blood_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Bone_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Breast_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- CNS_Brain_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Colorectal_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Cervical_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Esophageal_Stomach_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Head_And_Neck_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Hereditary_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Kidney_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Leukemia_NOS (logical)
- Liver_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Lung_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Lymphoma_Hodgkin_NOS (logical)
- Lymphoma_Non_Hodgkin_NOS (logical)
- Ovarian_Fallopian_Tube_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Pancreatic_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Penile_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Peripheral_Nervous_System_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Peritoneal_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Pleural_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Prostate_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Skin_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Soft_Tissue_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Stomach_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Testicular_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Thymic_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Thyroid_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Uterine_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- Vulvar_Vaginal_Cancer_NOS (logical)
- [mutational_signatures]
- mutsignatures_cutoff (float) - discard any signature contributions with a weight less than the cutoff
- [cna]
- transcript_cna_overlap (float) - minimum percent overlap between copy number segment and transcripts (average) for tumor suppressor gene/proto-oncogene to be reported
- [allelic_support]
- If input VCF has correctly formatted depth/allelic fraction as
INFO tags, users can add thresholds on depth/support that are
applied prior to report generation
- tumor_dp_min (integer) - minimum sequencing depth for variant in tumor sample
- tumor_af_min (float) - minimum allelic fraction for variant in tumor sample
- normal_dp_min (integer) - minimum sequencing depth for variant in normal sample
- normal_af_max (float) - maximum allelic fraction for variant in normal sample
- If input VCF has correctly formatted depth/allelic fraction as
INFO tags, users can add thresholds on depth/support that are
applied prior to report generation
- [visual]
- report_theme (string) - visual theme of report (Bootstrap)
- [other]
- vcf_validation (logical) - keep/skip VCF validation by vcf-validator
- New output file - JSON output of HTML report content
- New INFO tags of PCGR-annotated VCF
- CANCER_PREDISPOSITION
- PFAM_DOMAIN
- TCGA_FREQUENCY
- TCGA_PANCANCER_COUNT
- ICGC_PCAWG_OCCURRENCE
- ICGC_PCAWG_AFFECTED_DONORS
- CLINVAR_MEDGEN_CUI
- New column entries in annotated SNV/InDel TSV file:
- CANCER_PREDISPOSITION
- ICGC_PCAWG_OCCURRENCE
- TCGA_FREQUENCY
- New column in CNA output
- TRANSCRIPTS - aberration-overlapping transcripts (Ensembl transcript IDs)
- MEAN_TRANSCRIPT_CNA_OVERLAP - Mean overlap (%) betweeen gene transcripts and aberration segment
Removed¶
- Elements of databundle (now annotated directly through VEP):
- dbsnp
- gnomad/exac
- 1000G project
- INFO tags of PCGR-annotated VCF
- DBSNPBUILDID
- DBSNP_VALIDATION
- DBSNP_SUBMISSIONS
- DBSNP_MAPPINGSTATUS
- GWAS_CATALOG_PMID
- GWAS_CATALOG_TRAIT_URI
- DOCM_DISEASE
- Output files
- TSV files with mutational signature results and biomarkers (i.e.
sample_id.pcgr.snvs_indels.biomarkers.tsv and
sample_id.pcgr.mutational_signatures.tsv)
- Data can still be retrieved - now from the JSON dump
- MAF file
- The previous MAF output was generated in a custom fashion, a more accurate MAF output based on https://github.com/mskcc/vcf2maf will be incorporated in the next release
- TSV files with mutational signature results and biomarkers (i.e.
sample_id.pcgr.snvs_indels.biomarkers.tsv and
sample_id.pcgr.mutational_signatures.tsv)
Changed¶
- HTML report sections
- Tier statistics and Variant statistics are now grouped into the section Tier and variant statistics
- Tier 5 is now Noncoding mutations (i.e. not considered a tier per se)
- Sliders for allelic fraction in the Global variant browser are now fixed from 0 to 1 (0.05 intervals)


Display detailed image of Mars projected for correct Earth viewpoint, with moons and full quantitative data in tabular form.


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Select method:
- Shen:
- If 'shen' is passed in, the estimation will follow the algorithm described in Shen et al, 2015, using a weighted least squares approach. Default is 'shen'.
- Veis:
- if 'veis' is passed in, then the region is going to be split into delaneuy triangles and a strain estimated in each barycenter.
- One Tensor:
- Only estimate one strain tensor, at the region's barycentre.


Watch Live: Donald Trump Speaks to Economic Club of New York | Breitbart
President Donald Trump will address the Economic Club of New York on Tuesday, as part of his ongoing effort to highlight the economic boom occurring during his presidency.
by Charlie SpieringThe speech is scheduled to begin at 12:00 p.m. EST.


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The BAR File parameter specifies which BAR file should be used by the Transformation Advisor when searching for message flows to be analysed.
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ACE software
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Selected
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Selecting this option indicates that the Transformation Advisor should check aspects of compatability for deployment to App Connect Enterprise software.
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ACE on IBM Cloud Private
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Selected
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Selecting this option indicates that the Transformation Advisor should check aspects of compatability for deployment to App Connect Enterprise on IBM Cloud Private.
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ACE on IBM Cloud (public)
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Selected
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Selecting this option indicates that the Transformation Advisor should check aspects of compatability for deployment to the App Connect Enterprise on Cloud service (a managed service part of the public IBM Cloud).
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This is the 4th post in a series called “How to get started with CI”.
Previously I talked about how to choose the right CI tool. This post will assume you have chosen hardware and a CI tool and have it ready to use. It will highlight the steps required to implement a project into a CI tool. The order of the steps is only a reflection of my experience of implementation and how to communicate this with a team.
Make your build self building!
This is a very important point. This means we need to make sure that all the references of a project are not referenced from the GAC on your local system. This is important as when the CI script is running on the build server, we cannot assume that the same software is installed on that build server. We could therefore have reference problems. With package managers such as Nuget, OpenWrap, Ruby Gems etc we can configure our build script to download the packages required for our project. The other way we can take care of it is to store our 3rd party dependencies in our source control alongside the project.
- solution root
- src
- libNotice how I lay my project out. Alongside the “src” (or trunk or whatever you call it – this is where the .sln file lies) I have a lib folder. This is effectively my tools folder. I am honestly not sure why I don’t call it tools – I never have though. All my project references to items that don’t come as standard with the .Net framework are added here and my solution/ project references from here.
If you do not adopt this sort of approach, then the first time a developer does a clone of the central repository, then there is a chance the project will not build for them if there are dependencies that are not installed on their machine. This has happened to me and it took me a few days to take care of – trying to find out what was needed and where I could find it. Don’t fall into this area of risk! We should be able to lone and build easily!
Automate the build – nightly
If the company is sceptical of a CI system, then the first step I take in implementing a CI system is to run a nightly build of the project. This means that when developers do a final push of the day to their source control, they will be able to come in the next morning and see if there are any issues with what they have pushed. Traditionally we do not tend to face integration with other peoples code until much later in the project lifecycle. CI helps us to integrate more frequently – in the case of a nightly build it will happen overnight and give the developers a chance to know first thing the next morning if there are any issues.
This can sometimes put developers on edge when checking in as embarrassment ensues when they break the build. I actively encourage breaking the build. When the build breaks, we can see areas we need to think of. If it is because there are missing files then there is no issues, if it is because of integration problems then better to know sooner. The entire team should learn from broken builds.
If the developers come in to a good build then confidence is gained. Anything that raises developers confidence in their code is a good thing.
If the build is in a failed state, it is important to fix that build before continuing with a current task. There is absolutely nothing gained from CI if the main repository is in a broken state. It also means fresh clones will have errors instantly.
Keep the build fast
A nightly build is a great first step, but we need to try and get a bit more instantaneous feedback as to how things are going. This is, of course, the entire point of a CI system. There is absolutely no point in increasing the frequency of builds unless the build is fast. If the build takes 1 hour to run then we are not going to get fast feedback!! The suggested build time is approximately 10 minutes. If we breach this then we really need to investigate how we reduce this time. I have a current project with 78 projects in Visual Studio (approximately 1/2 million lines of code) and it takes approx 1 minute 30 seconds to build.
Lets think of a developer who checks in and triggers a build. If that build takes 30 minutes to run and then shows errors with the integration, then there is a chance his work in the past 30 minutes may cause even further problems.
Increase the frequency of builds
No we have reduced the time taken for a build, we can now increase the frequency of our builds. I suggest that we trigger a build every time something has changed in source control. We can add rules to the triggers to exclude README files or trivial files like that. I suggest anything that can have an effect on the code should trigger a build. This means the developer can see within, (our 10 minute rule comes into play here) a short amount of time if their code has caused issues.
Give instant feedback on builds
If we are increasing the frequency of builds then we need an instant feedback mechanism. Email is all well and good for some things but we need something very fast to see. Phil Collins has written a great article on build radiators as a form of instant feedback for the entire team. If you haven’t already read this article then please do. It is a great form of communication with the team.
You can have tray monitor applications or windows gadgets for your CI tools. This all helps in the instant feedback loop. I the past I have written a custom app that hooks into Skype.exe and send me a message with the status of the build. Anything that will make things clearer will help.
The faster we know if there is a problem the better it is. Alternatively, the faster we know our code works, the faster we can get on to the next task.
The steps listed above will help to take a new (or existing) project and implement it into a CI system. It is designed to be a slow introduction to a team (unless the team is fully behind it) as it will help raise the teams confidence in the process. The steps do not have to be followed in this order. I have just suggested they follow this order naturally. The steps purposely do not talk about running unit tests just yet. That will form the next post.
The process itself may not go smoothly. I have recently been talking to Craig Berntson about the process as he was doing something similar on a new project. It took him 2 weeks in order to make the project self building. This was a struggle and is not uncommon. Please do bear this in mind when something of this magnitude happens. I do promise you it will all be worth it in the end!
Good luck with introducing your first project to CI. I would love to hear how your first CI project went – good or bad!


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| TouchInput | m_input |
Takes the TouchInput and displays it on a Slider.
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| Thursday | Authors of Contributed Papers | |
| Friday | Chairs of the Contributed Paper Sessions | |
| Saturday | Chairs of the Symposium Sessions |
| Session Name | Papers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scientific Modeling Symposium Chair: Margaret Morrison; University of Toronto |
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| Pragmatism and the Philosophy of Science Symposium Chair: P. Kyle Stanford; University of California, Irvine |
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| Experimentation in Neuroscience Symposium Chair: Richard Burian; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University |
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| Philosophy of Biology Contributed Papers Chair: Bruce Glymour; Kansas State University |
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| Quantum Mechanics I Contributed Papers Chair: Frank Arntzenius; Rutgers University |
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| Jeffrey and Bayesian Epistemology Symposium Chair: Carl G. Wagner; University of Tennessee, Knoxville |
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| 9:00 a.m. to 11:45 a.m. |
| Business Meeting |
| 1:30 p.m. to 3:10 p.m. |
| 3:30 p.m. to 5:30 p.m. |
| 6:00 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. |
| Session Name | Papers | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experiment and Confirmation Contributed Papers Chair: Jason Alexander; University of California, San Diego |
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| Error Statistics and Beyond Symposium Chair: Henry E. Kyburg; University of Rochester |
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| Simplicity, Model Selection, and the Akaike
Information Criterion Symposium Chair: I. A. Kieseppä; University of Helsinki |
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| Quantum Computation and Information Symposium Chairs: Jeffrey Bub; University of Maryland, College Park David MacCallum; Carleton College |
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| Theory-Ladeness and the Neurology of Perception Contributed Papers Chair: Peter Barker; University of Oklahoma |
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| Evolutionary Theory Contributed Papers Chair: Sandra Mitchell; University of Pittsburgh |
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| Session Name | Papers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bayesian Methodology I Contributed Papers Chair: Allan Franklin; University of Colorado |
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| Foundations of Probability Contributed Papers Chair: Paul Humphreys; University of Virginia |
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| Quantum Mechanics II Contributed Papers Chair: Meir Hemmo; University of Haifa, Israel |
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| Causation and Causal Loops Contributed Papers Chair: Mauricio Suarez; University of Bristol |
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| Underdetermination of Theories Contributed Papers Chair: Richard Healey; University of Arizona |
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| Statistical Mechanics Contributed Papers Chair: Andrew Wayne; Concordia University |
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| Session Name | Papers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is the Foundational Significance of Category
Theory? Symposium Chair: Elaine Landry; Sub-Faculty of Philosophy, Wolfson College, Oxford University |
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| New Perspectives on Scientific Rationality Symposium Chair: Dominic Murphy; California Institute of Technology |
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| The Gauge Concept in Modern Physics Symposium Chair: Tim Maudlin; Rutgers University |
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| Critical Aspects of the Dutch Book Argument Symposium Chair: Teddy Seidenfeld; Carnegie Mellon University |
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| Experimentation and the Evaluation of Evolutionary
Theories Symposium Chair: Elisabeth A. Lloyd; Indiana University |
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| Science and Values Contributed Papers Chair: Phyllis Rooney; Oakland University |
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| Michael Friedman; Indiana University |
| 9:00 a.m. to 11:45 a.m. |
| Backstage at the Journal (12:00 p.m. to 1:00 p.m.) |
| 1:30 p.m. to 3:10 p.m. |
| 3:30 p.m. to 5:30 p.m. |
| Session Name | Papers | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simultaneity, Space, and Spacetime Contributed Papers Chair: David Malament; University of California, Irvine |
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| Philosophy of Neuroscience: Current Issues and
Meta-Considerations Symposium Chair: Guven Guzeldere; Duke University |
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| Science and Public Policy Contributed Papers Chair: Peter Kirschenmann; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam |
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| Theory and Observation Contributed Papers Chair: Sherrilyn Roush; Harvard University |
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| Broad Theories and Human Behavior Symposium Chair: Jonathan Kaplan; University of Tennessee, Knoxville |
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| The Future of the Linnaean Hierarchy Symposium Chair: Elliott Sober; University of Wisconsin, Madison |
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| Noretta Koertge | Designed primarily for graduate students and others new to academic publishing, this informal session will provide an opportunity to chat with members of the Editorial Staff and Editorial Board of Philosophy of Science. |
| Session Name | Papers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bayesian Methodology II Contributed Papers Chair: Christopher Hitchcock; California Institute of Technology |
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| Science, Evidence, and Evidence-Based Medicine Symposium Chair: Clark Glymour; Carnegie Mellon University |
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| Reduction, Emergence, and Metaphysics Contributed Papers Chair: Jane Duran; University of California, Santa Barbara |
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| Individual and Group-Level Cognition Contributed Papers Chair: Mathias Frisch; Northwestern University |
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| Quantum Mechanics, Relativity, and Field Theory Contributed Papers Chair: Robert Bishop; IGPP, Freiburg, Germany |
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| Deconstructing and/or Reconstructing the Gene:
Theoretical and Practical
Implications Symposium Chair: Stephen M. Downes; University of Utah |
|
| Session Name | Papers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quantum Gravity Contributed Papers Chair: John Norton; University of Pittsburgh |
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| Formal Learning Theory in the Philosophy of
Science Symposium Chair: Clark Glymour; Carnegie Mellon University |
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| Mechanism: Explanation, Discovery, and
Experimentation Symposium Chair: Noretta Koertge; Indiana University |
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| History and Philosophy of Science Contributed Papers Chair: Richard Grandy; Rice University |
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| Models and Analogy Contributed Papers Chair: Paul Teller; University of California, Davis |
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| Scientific Realism Contributed Papers Chair: Ian Hacking; University of Toronto |
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Marshall Abrams; University of Chicago
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Short-Run Mechanistic Probability"
Hanne Andersen
"Reference and Resemblance"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Rachel Ankeny
"Model Organisms as Cases: Understanding the 'Lingua Franca'
at the Heart of the Human Genome Project"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Theodore Arabatzis
"Can a Historian of Science be a Scientific Realist?"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Paul Bartha
"Probability and Symmetry"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Alisa N. Bokulich; University of Notre Dame
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Maps, Models, and Quantum Chaos"
Peter Bokulich
"Black Hole Remnants and Classical vs. Quantum Gravity"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>William F. Brewer and Bruce L. Lambert
"The Theory-Ladeness of Observation and the Theory-Ladeness
of the Rest of the Scientific Process"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>OtE1vio Bueno; California State University, Fresno
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Application of Mathematics and Underdetermination"
Craig Callender and Nick Huggett
"Why Quantize Gravity (Or Any Other Field For That
Matter?)"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>Xiang Chen
"Perceptual Symbols and Taxonomy Comparison"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Wayne Christensen; University of Newcastle
C. A. Hooker; University of Newcastle
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Self-Directed Anticipative Learning Processes in
Science"
Alberto Cordero
"Realism and Underdetermination: Some Clues From the
Practices-Up"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Kim Cuddington; University of Guelph/University of Connecticut
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"The 'Balance of Nature' metaphor in population ecology:
theory or
paradigm?"
Byron Cunningham
"The Reemergence of 'Emergence'"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Erik Curiel
"Against the Excesses of Quantum Gravity: A Plea for
Modesty"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>James K. Derden Jr; Humboldt State University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"A Different Conception of Scientific Realism: The Case of
the Missing
Explanandum"
Michael Dickson; Indiana University
"Quantum Logic is Alive (and it is true or it is
false)"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Mauro Dorato; University of Rome Three, Italy
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"On Becoming, Cosmic Time, and Rotating Universes"
Phil Dowe
"Causal Loops and the Independence of Causal Facts"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Armond Duwell
"Explaining Information Transfer in Quantum
Teleportation"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Christopher Eliot; University of Minnesota
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"A Field Guide to Reduction in Ecology"
Adam Elga
"Statistical Mechanics and the Asymmetry of Counterfactual
Dependence"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Kevin Elliott; University of Notre Dame
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Chemical Hormesis: Assessing the Warrant for Policy-Driven
Science"
Don Fallis; University of Arizona
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Measures of Epistemic Utility and the Value of
Experiments"
Carla Fehr
"The Evolution of Sexual Reproduction: Pluralism that is
More than a Pragmatic Issue"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Branden Fitelson
"A Bayesian Account of Independent Evidence With
Applications"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Lisa Gannett
"Racism and Human Genome Diversity Research: the Ethical
Limits of 'Population Thinking'"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Ronald N. Giere; University of Minnesota
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"The Perspectival Nature of Scientific Observation"
James Guszcza
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"On the Information Theoretic Approach to Statistical
Mechanics"
Daniel Hausman; University of Wisconsin
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Causal Relations Among Tokens, Types, and Variables"
Robin Findlay Hendry
"Are Realism and Instrumentalism Methodologically
Indifferent?"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Robert G. Hudson; Algoma University College
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Evaluating Background Independence"
R. I. G. Hughes; University of South Carolina
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Conceptual Change and the DDI Account of Theoretical
Representation"
Kristen Intemann
"Science and Values: Are Value Judgements Always Irrelevant
to the Justification of Scientific Claims?"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Tetsuji Iseda; Nagoya University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Bridging a Gap: A Proposal on Two Approaches in the
Philosophy of
Science"
Ruth E. Kastner; University of Maryland
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"A critical look at time-symmetric quantum
counterfactuals"
Stephen Kellert
"Extrascientific Uses of Physics: the case of Nonlinear
Dynamics and Chaos Theory"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>I. A. Kieseppa
"Statistical Model Selection Criteria and Bayesianism"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Fredrick M. Kronz; University of Texas, Austin
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Interpretive Issues of Algebraic Quantum Theory"
Michael B. Kruse; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State
University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Are There Bayesian Success Stories? The Case of the Raven's
Paradox"
Marc Lange; University of Washington, Seattle
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"The Apparent Superiority of Prediction to Accomodation As A
Side
Effect: A Reply to Maher"
Christoph Lehner; California Institute of Technology
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Which Way Does It Cut? Ockham's Razor in No-Collapse
Interpretations"
Michelle Little; Northwestern University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Rethinking 'Experimentation'"
Chuang Liu
"Infinite Systems in SM Explanations: Thermodynamic Limit,
Renormalization (semi-) Group, and Irreversibility"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Holger Lyre
"Gauge Theoretic Conventionalism and the Generalized
Equivalence Principle"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Patrick J. McDonald; University of Notre Dame
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Simulation by Demonstration: the Central Place of
Experiment in
Helmholtz's Theory of Perception"
James Mattingly
"Singularities, Scalar Fields, and Quantum Gravity"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Roberta L. Millstein; California State University, Hayward
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Is the Evolutionary Process Deterministic or
Indeterministic? An
Argument for Agnosticism"
Sam Mitchell; Mt. Holyoke College
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Confirming Theories One Claim at a Time"
Bradley Monton; University of Kentucky
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"On Dualistic Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics"
Thomas Mormann; Universidad del PaEDs Vasco
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"A Quasianalytical Constitution of Physical Space"
Wayne C. Myrvold; University of Western Ontario
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Einstein's Untimely Burial"
Jay Odenbaugh
"Ecological Stability, Model Building, and Environmental
Policy:
A Reply to Some of the Pessimism"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Glenn Parsons and Patrick McGivern
"Can the Bundle Theory save Substantivalism from the Hole
Argument?"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>Osvaldo Pessoa Jr.
"Counterfactual Histories: The Beginning of Quantum
Physics"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>Anya Plutynski
"Modeling Evolution in Theory and Practice"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Stathis Psillos
"Is Structural Realism Possible?"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Hans Radder; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Primitive Rays and Aetherial Air: On the Impossibility of
Theory-Free
Experiments"
Thanos Raftopoulos
"Reentrant Neural Pathways and the Theory-Ladenness of
Perception"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Robert C. Richardson; University of Cincinnati
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Chance and Indeterminism in Evolutionary Explanation"
John T. Roberts
"Undermining Undermined: Why Humean Supervenience
Never Needed to be Debugged (Even If It's a Necessary
Truth)"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Kristina Rolin; Helsinki School of Economics and Business
Administration
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Rational Grounds for Trust in Science"
William A. Rottschaefer; Lewis and Clark College
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"The Scientific Naturalization of Ethics"
Robert Rynasiewicz
"Definition, Convention, and Simultaneity: Malament's Result
and Its Alleged Refutation by Sarkar and Stachel"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Eric R. Scerri
"The Recently Claimed Observation of Atomic Orbitals and
Some
Related Philosophical Issues"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Kristin Shrader-Frechette; University of Notre Dame
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Radiobiological Hormesis, Methodological Value Judgements,
and
Metascience"
Sergio Sismondo and Nicholas Chrisman
"Deflationary Metaphysics and the Natures of Maps"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>Robert A. Skipper, Jr.
" Warranting Empirical Claims in Evolutionary Biology:
Towards a Synthetic Approach"
Robert A. Skipper, Jr.; Oregon State University
Edward Slowik; Winona State University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Descartes' Science, Holism, and the Mechanical
Philosophy"
Kyle Stanford
"Fool's Errand, Devil's Bargain: What Kind of
Underdetermination
Should We Take Seriously?"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Daniel Steel
"Bayesian Statistics in Radiocarbon Calibration"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Alex Viskovatoff; University of Pittsburgh
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Economics and Kant's Philosophy of Science"
Carl G. Wagner
"Uncertain Old Evidence and Probabilistic New
Explanation"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>Marcel Weber
"Determinism, Realism, and Probability in Evolutionary
Theory:
the Pitfalls, and How to Avoid Them"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Steve Weinstein; Princeton University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"Remark on the Conventionality of Simultaneity"
Robert Wilson
"Group-Level Cognition"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Eric Winsberg
"Simulations, Models, and Theories: Complex Physical
Systems and their Representations"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>K. Brad Wray
"Science, Biases, and the Threat of Global Pessimism"
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Chairs of the Contributed Paper Sessions
Philosophy of Biology
Chair: Bruce Glymour; Kansas State University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Quantum Mechanics I
Chair: Frank Arntzenius; Rutgers University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Theory-Ladeness and the Neurology of Perception
Chair: Peter Barker; University of Oklahoma
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Evolutionary Theory
Chair: Sandra Mitchell; University of Pittsburgh
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Bayesian Methodology I
Chair: Allan Franklin; University of Colorado
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Foundations of Probability
Chair: Paul Humphreys; University of Virginia
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Quantum Mechanics II
Chair: Meir Hemmo
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Causation and Causal Loops
Chair: Mauricio Suarez; University of Bristol
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Underdetermination of Theories
Chair: Richard Healey; University of Arizona
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Statistical Mechanics
Chair: Andrew Wayne; Concordia University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Science and Values
Chair: Phyllis Rooney
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Simultaneity, Space, and Spacetime
Chair: David Malament; University of California, Irvine
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Science and Public Policy
Chair: Peter Kirschenmann;
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Theory and Observation
Chair: Sherrilyn Roush; Harvard University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Bayesian Methodology II
Chair: Christopher Hitchcock; California Institute of
Technology<br>
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Reduction, Emergence, and Metaphysics
Chair: Jane Duran; University of California, Santa Barbara
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Individual and Group-Level Cognition
Chair: Mathias Frisch; Northwestern University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Quantum Mechanics, Relativity, and Field Theory
Chair: Robert Bishop; IGPP, Freiburg, Germany
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Quantum Gravity
Chair: John Norton; University of Pittsburgh
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>History and Philosophy of Science
Chair: Richard Grandy; Rice University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Models and Analogy
Chair: Paul Teller; University of California, Davis
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Scientific Realism
Chair: Ian Hacking; University of Toronto
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Chairs of the Symposium Sessions
Scientific Modeling
Chair: Margaret Morrison; University of Toronto
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Pragmatism and the Philosophy of Science
Chair: Peter Godfrey-Smith; Stanford University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Experimentation in Neuroscience
Chair: Richard Burian; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and
State University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Jeffrey and Bayesian Epistemology
Chair: Carl G. Wagner; University of Tennessee, Knoxville
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Error Statistics and Beyond
Chair: Henry E. Kyburg; University of Rochester
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Simplicity, Model Selection, and the Akaike Information
Criterion
Chair: I. A. Kieseppä; University of Helsinki
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Quantum Computation and Information
Chairs: Jeffrey Bub; University of Maryland, College Park
David MacCallum;
Carleton College
<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>What is the Foundational Significance of Category Theory?
Chair: Elaine Landry; McGill University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>New Perspectives on Scientific Rationality
Chair: Michael Bishop; Iowa State University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The Gauge Concept in Modern Physics
Chair: Tim Maudlin; Rutgers University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Critical Aspects of the Dutch Book Argument
Chair: Teddy Seidenfeld; Carnegie Mellon University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Experimentation and the Evaluation of Evolutionary Theories
Chair: Elisabeth A. Lloyd; Indiana University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Philosophy of Neuroscience: Current Issues and
Meta-Considerations
Chair: Guven Guzeldere; Duke University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Broad Theories and Behavior
Chair: Jonathan Kaplan; University of Tennessee, Knoxville
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The Future of the Linnaean Hierarchy
Chair: Elliott Sober; University of Wisconsin, Madison
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Science, Evidence, and Evidence-Based Medicine
Chair: Clark Glymour; Carnegie Mellon University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>Deconstructing and/or Reconstructing the Gene: Theoretical and
Practical Implications
Chair: Stephen M. Downes; University of Utah
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Formal Learning Theory in the Philosophy of Science
Chair: Clark Glymour; Carnegie Mellon University
<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>Mechanism: Explanation, Discovery, and Experimentation
Chair: Noretta Koertge; Indiana University
koertge@indiana.edu


The quick-fix suggests to wrap the link in  tag.
Example:
class Main {
/**
* https://en.wikipedia.org/
*/
void foo() {}
}
After the quick-fix is applied:
class Main {
/**
* https://en.wikipedia.org/
*/
void foo() {}
}
New in 2022.1


- A table that compares two sequences, N and M, with N+1 rows and M+1 columns.
- The process of filling out the matrix goes as follows:
- Begin by inserting both sequences in the first row of opposite axis
- Then fill out the next row and next column depending on the Alignment Method selected
- For Global, start with 0 and add either a Penalty or Indel score on each successive entry for the entire first row and column
- For Local, Dovetail, or Pattern, simply fill out the first row and column with zeroes
- Continue by starting at the first empty cell on the top right. We will determine the value for this entry based on the values present on the three entries to the left, diagonal, and above it.
- If coming from the left, the value would be the value on the left + the Penalty or Indel value
- If coming from above, the value would be the value above + the Penalty or Indel value
- If coming diagonally, consider the letters of each sequence lined up at that entry
- If they match, then the value would be the diagonal value + 0 or the Match value
- If they do not match, then the value would be the diagonal value + the Penalty or Mismatch value
- If anything other than Global alignment is chosen, also consider 0 as an option
- Compute each of these values and consider
- If edit distance is picked, pick the lowest
- Else, pick the highest
- Once a value is chosen, keep track of which direction(s) you picked by adding an arrow on that entry


Crossing Rivers
问题描述 :
You live in a village but work in another village.  Assume B is to the right of A, and all the rivers lie between them.
Fortunately, there is one "automatic" boat moving smoothly in each river. When you arrive the left bank of a river, just wait for the boat, then go with it. You’re so slim that carrying you does not change the speed of any boat.
Days and days after, you came up with the following question: assume each boat is independently placed at random at time 0, what is the expected time to reach B from A? Your walking speed is always 1.
To be more precise, for a river of length L, the distance of the boat (which could be regarded as a mathematical point) to the left bank at time 0 is uniformly chosen from interval [0, L], and the boat is equally like to be moving left or right, if it’s not precisely at the river bank.
输入:
There will be at most 10 test cases. Each case begins with two integers n and D, where n (0 <= n <= 10) is the number of rivers between A and B, D (1 <= D <= 1000) is the distance from A to B. Each of the following n lines describes a river with 3 integers: p, L and v (0 <= p < D, 0 < L <= D, 1 <= v <= 100). p is the distance from A to the left bank of this river, L is the length of this river, v is the speed of the boat on this river. It is guaranteed that rivers lie between A and B, and they don’t overlap. The last test case is followed by n=D=0, which should not be processed.
输出:
There will be at most 10 test cases. Each case begins with two integers n and D, where n (0 <= n <= 10) is the number of rivers between A and B, D (1 <= D <= 1000) is the distance from A to B. Each of the following n lines describes a river with 3 integers: p, L and v (0 <= p < D, 0 < L <= D, 1 <= v <= 100). p is the distance from A to the left bank of this river, L is the length of this river, v is the speed of the boat on this river. It is guaranteed that rivers lie between A and B, and they don’t overlap. The last test case is followed by n=D=0, which should not be processed.
样例输入:
1 1 0 1 2 0 1 0 0
样例输出:
Case 1: 1.000 Case 2: 1.000
#include <iostream> #include<cstdio> #include<cstring> using namespace std; int n,d; int main() { int t=1; while(scanf("%d%d",&n,&d)&&d) { double sum = 0.0; if(n==0) { double ans = (double)d; printf("Case %d: %.3lf\n\n",t++,ans); } else { double ans=0.0; double br = 0.0; int p,L,v; while(n--) { scanf("%d%d%d",&p,&L,&v); ans+=(double)L*2.0/(double)v; br+=(double)L; } ans+=(double)d-br; printf("Case %d: %.3lf\n\n",t++,ans); } } return 0; }
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居然没有射完之后的软钟
.net中char类型不是两个字节么
递归还真是一门学问，学习了
程序只能输出一个子序列
这张页面太松散拉，重新编辑一下，弄紧凑一点。
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>第15行代码，/n/n，应该改为nn
代码可真够长的！
懂了，谢谢啦
失误失误，转载错了。已经改正，抱歉。
第二个方法挺不错。NewHead代表新的头节点，通过递归找到最后一个节点之后，就把这个节点赋给NewHead，然后一直返回返回，中途这个值是没有变化的，一边返回一边把相应的指针方向颠倒，最后结束时返回新的头节点到主函数。
什么破题，题意好难懂啊
正在学习搜索，很好
网站不错，支持一个
书上的解法更巧妙一些，在九度OJ实测的效率差不多


My name is Cameron Lay and I am an aspiring Junior Software Developer. I am currently enrolled in a Full Stack Coding Boot Camp through Georgia Tech. I also have my MBA from the University of Oklahoma. And I recieved my Bachelors degree from Florida State University. I aspire to work in consulting specifically on projects involving tech.
My background is in sales, marketing, and management. I have worked in the tech, retail, and automotive industries. I have also done consulting practicums for the State of Oklahoma specifically in the Bio-Tech Space. I am taking this course to improve my tech skills.


Been working on the bittorrent client. It's not as simple as I originally expected to be, but I've been making steady progress. It's called go-strom. I'll write a more comprehensive breakdown of the protocol in the future, maybe. Nothing else!.
Last Edited On: 2020, 12, 31


Feared Hamburg drowning turns out to be energetic seal
by Nik MartinSeveral boats, a helicopter and police divers were deployed to the northern German city after reports of a person drowning in the Elbe River. The apparent victim was, however, a seal, happily splashing in the water.
A rescue operation was triggered in the northern German city of Hamburg on Sunday after a jogger spotted what he thought was a drowning person.
The local fire department deployed several boats, a helicopter and a diving team to the cool waters of the Elbe River. An ambulance and the police were also at the scene.
But they were unable to find any trace of the struggling swimmer, following the reports of someone struggling to swim near the Teufelsbrück (Devil's bridge) jetty.
Read more: Germany: Kids fish out World War II ammunition from pond
The jogger who had left the scene was asked to return to pinpoint exactly where he had spotted the flailing person. But no human could be found.
Happy ending
Instead, rescuers found a seal happily splashing around in the water.
Read more: Germany: Restaurants in Weimar ordered to rename doner kebabs
The mammal appeared repeatedly and seemed to be watching the rescue operation unfold, the Hamburg Morgenpost reported.
Sunday's incident wasn't the first time that seals were spotted in the northern port city this year.
Several other sightings have taken place on the shores of the Elbe, which one local animal shelter explained was often due to pup seals getting separated from their mothers.


There are two special types of tuples automatically inserted into the tuple space by Agilla: 1) Agent Tuples and 2) Host Tuples. For each agent running on a node, Agilla inserts an Agent tuple containing the agent's ID. The tuple has two fields where the first is a string "aid" and the second is an AgentID. When the agent terminates or migrates off the host, Agilla automatically removes the agent tuple. This tuple is useful to determine which agents are residing on a particular host. The Host tuple is inserted to allow an agent to discover the location of neighboring nodes.
The group probing operations has not been implemented yet. Once it is, an agent can perform a group probe on the tuplespace to determine the locations of neighboring hosts and agents.


UNLV roundup: Juniors set pace in cross country regional
by Las Vegas Review-JournalPaced by juniors Elisa Rovere and Emma Wahlenmaier, UNLV placed 33rd out of 35 teams in the 6-kilometer NCAA West Regional women’s cross country meet Friday in Colfax, Washington.
Rovere placed 163rd in the 246-runner field in 22 minutes, 25.5 seconds, and Wahlenmaier (22:26.7) was 166th.
Stanford and Washington finished first and second to advance to the NCAA Championship in Terre Haute, Indiana, on Nov. 23.
Stanford had three of the top five finishers, and all five of the Cardinal’s scorers placed in the top 19. Washington had the third- and sixth-place runners, with all five Huskies in the top 15.
Stanford senior Ella Donaghu was first in 19:50.8, and junior teammate Jessica Lawson was second in 19:54.2.
Also participating for the Rebels were freshman Mackenzie Moss (23:53.6, 233rd), freshman Rebecca Green (24:20.6, 238th), sophomore Grace Moore (24:37.7, 240th) and freshman Sarrah Springer (25:05.6, 242nd).


Hello! Welcome to the Health Insurance Risk Calculator where we test the risk of clients based on a series of characteristics!
Here we will use the health infromation provided by the potential customer to determine the risk of accepting them with
our insurance group. Our system will ask questions involving the customers body-mass index, blood pressure, age, and family
history of disease to establish a risk rating. Each answer given has a number of points and the calculator will use those points
to determine the total score and the risk category. Please answer all the questions as honestly and truthfuly as possible in order
to get an accurate score. Thank you and Good Luck!
Risk Category Based on Total Score:
Less than 20 = Low risk
Between 20 and 50 = Moderate risk
Between 50 and 75 = High risk
Above 75 = Uninsurable
To calculate your Body Mass Index(BMI) use the following formula:
BMI=(your weight(lbs) / [your height(in)]^2)*703


spanish colonization Jose Rizal Marilou Diaz Abaya 1998 | 2 hr 58 min pg-13 nation buildingbiopiccolonialism
spanish colonization Bonifacio: Ang Unang Pangulo Enzo Williams 2014 | 1 hr 40 min pg-13 nation buildingbiopicpolitics
American Colonial Period Goyo: Ang Batang Heneral Jerrold Tarog 2018 | 2 hr 35 min pg-13 nation buildingbiopicpolitics
American Colonial Period Heneral Luna Jerrold Tarog 2015 | 1 hr 58 min R-13 nation buildingbiopicpolitics
japanese occupation Tatlong Taong Walang Diyos Mario O'Hara 1976 | 2 hr 5 min pg-13 family dynamicshuman rights
japanese occupation Aishite Imasu 1941: Mahal Kita Joey Lamangan 2014 | 1 hr 47 min pg-13 womencolonialism
japanese occupation Oro Plata Mata Peque Gallaga 1982 | 3 hr 14 min r-13 Family Dynamicshuman rightswomen
post martial law Ninoy Aquino and the Rise of People Power Oliver Ledbury 2010 | 57 min Nation buildingDocumentarypolitics


School of Computing Science Simon Fraser University
I believe It's machines' turn to learn human languages as people have already spent huge effort learning programming languages. Natural Language Processing is the line of work to apply machine learning techniques to enable machines to learn natural languages. Simply put, I am a teacher for machines.
Right now I am a Machine Learning Engineer at Axiom Zen.
Previously, I was a Master student of Computing Science at Simon Fraser University and affiliated with Natural Language Laboratory (Natlang), where I was very fortunate to work under the supervision of Dr. Anoop Sarkar and Dr. Fred Popowich.
Interests:
I am passionate about accuracy and scalability of Machine Learning approaches especially in applications related to Natural Languages.
One of these applications are Statistical Machine Translation which I am working on right now. Many challenges exist in this application to achieve a high quality (accurate) translations; the first challenge that I'm trying to tackle, using semi-supervised methods, is finding translation for unseen words/phrases. Another challenge is to leverage multilingual resources (e.g. bilingual embeddings) for Machine Translation.
Moreover, many Machine Learning approaches (like Deep Learning methods) are not suitable for huge data sets (Big data). My second area of interest, is scaling up these methods, which can be done using distributed computing frameworks (e.g. Hadoop, Spark) or exploiting special computing units (e.g. GPU's).
We are drowning in information but starving for knowledge. - John Naisbitt
I joined Axiom Zen as a Machine Learning Engineer.
I was very fortunate to work under the supervision of Dr. Anoop Sarkar and Dr. Fred Popowich at Natural Language Laboratory (Natlang) , Simon Fraser University .
A breakthrough in machine learning would be worth ten Microsofts - Bill Gates
School of Computing Science
Simon Fraser University
8888 University Drive
Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
Department of Computing Engineering
Amirkabir University of Technology
Thesis : Unsupervised Named-Entity Recognizer for Farsi
Supervisor : Dr. Shahram Khadivi
All models are wrong, but some are useful. - George Box
Learning Segmentations that Balance Latency versus Quality in Spoken Language Translation
Hassan S. Shavarani, Maryam Siahbani, Ramtin Mehdizadeh Seraj and Anoop Sarkar. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation (IWSLT 2015) . Dec 3-4, 2015. Da Nang, Vietnam.
Improving Statistical Machine Translation with a Multilingual Paraphrase Database
Ramtin Mehdizadeh Seraj, Maryam Siahbani and Anoop Sarkar. In Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP 2015). Sep 17-23, 2015. Lisbon, Portugal.
Incremental Translation using a Hierarchical Phrase-based Translation System.
Maryam Siahbani, Ramtin Mehdizadeh Seraj, Baskaran Sankaran and Anoop Sarkar. In Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop (SLT 2014). December 7-10, 2014. Nevada, USA.
A Novel Unsupervised Method for Named-Entity Identification in Resource-poor Languages Using Bilingual Corpus
Ramtin Mehdizadeh Seraj, Fattaneh Jabbari and Shahram Khadivi. In Proceedings of the 2014 International Symposium on Telecommunications (IST 2014). September 9-11, 2014. Tehran, Iran.
An Analysis of Affective Words in Machine Translation
María Aloy Mayo, Ramtin Mehdizadeh Seraj, Ana P García Varela, Dan Fass, Fred Popowich, Anoop Sarkar and Maite Taboada. In Proceedings of the 3rd Pacific Northwest Regional NLP Workshop: (NW-NLP 2014). April 2014. Redmond, WA, USA.
3rd Pacific Northwest Regional NLP Workshop - Microsoft Research
Hope for the future is our most expressive protest. - Mirhosein Mousavi
My research repository.
Recently, I have tried to use Apache Spark for some NLP tasks.
To satisfy my curiosity, I am using Deep Learning for NLP. Most of my codes are based on Theano.
Where we store our baseline MT scores in our lab.
Bibtex viewer javascript code (based on bibtex-js )
Be the change that you wish to see in the world. - Mahatma Gandhi
My Machine Learning Knowledge Graph
I have tried several times to come up with a categorization of materials in Machine Learning that I am familiar with, and still it looks similar to " Celestial Emporium of Benevolent Knowledge " categorization of animals. So it is still an open challenge for me, any suggestion?
SFU - Machine Learning Reading Group
A reading group that meets weekly to discuss current advanced topics in Machine Learning.
An annotated transcript of Bob Mercer and Peter Brown's talk at the EMNLP workshop 2013 by Matt Post.
Computer-related Milestones in My Life
Some of my long term goals
Going to Antarctica Having impact on the educational systems to reduce ignorance Doing Heli-Skiing in Whistler Climbing Everest Applying gamification and crowdsourcing to obtain more data for machine learning tasks Solving a machine learning problem on a quantum computer like D-Wave two


cpprc
Description
C++ resource compiler. cpprc will generate a C++ source file (along with the corresponding header file) that embeds any given data file and provides a Resource class which gives access to this data. The Resource class can be created in two flavours: one using STL streams, the other is using WxWidgets streams.
If you know "qtrc" of the famous QT toolkit, then you know what this tool is doing too.
Download
Latest version: cpprc-0.4.3.tar.bz2
The development version is available on
GitHub.
You may easily clone the project by running:
$ git clone git://github.com/markusfisch/cpprc
Requirements
This tool should run on any system that has a decent C++ compiler.
Installation
Download tarball above
Unpack tarball:
$ tar xjvf cpprc-x.x.x.tar.bz2
Change into the new directory "cpprc" and compile it by:
$ cd cpprc $ make
Place the executable somewhere in your path, i.e. for a local install try:
$ mv cpprc ~/bin
Or, if you want to make the program available for all users, do this as root:
$ mv cpprc /usr/local/bin
Configuration
There is no configuration necessary.
If you are using Makefiles and (at least) a *nix-like environment and have your resources in a subdirectory called say "data", you can do something like this in your Makefile:
resources: if ! [ -f Resources.cpp ] || \ [ "`find data/ -newer Resources.cpp`" ]; then \ cpprc -f wxWidgets -o Resources `find data/ -type f`; \ fi
License
Cpprc is open source and licensed under the MIT license.


deprecated
Based on the official Twitter App, Tweeton had the main features of any twitter client.
Targeting iOS 4, Tweeton was a pre-ARC application.
Tweeton was release in April 2011. Was retired in 2014.


PaymentRequest
Production
Android Pay production
Google Payments production
Sandbox
Android Pay sandbox
Google Payments sandbox
Shipping
Worldwide single-option shipping
Worldwide multi-option shipping
US-only shipping
Contact info
Merchant requests contact info
Merchant requests phone only
Merchant requests email only
Autofill Smoke Test


BEARS BECOME UNCOMFORTABLY CLOSE NEIGHBORS IN NORTHERN NEW JERSEY
STILLWATER, N.J. _ Danette Conroy was upstairs cleaning kitchen
cabinets and her year-old daughter Kayleigh was asleep when the
black bear somehow got into the ground floor of their new home.
They never heard a thing until the crash of breaking glass. The
bear, apparently startled by the arrival of Conroy's husband,
Chris, had plunged through a double-paned window and stumbled away
toward the woods.
``I've lived in Stillwater since I was age 4, and now I'm 41,''
said Chris Conroy, a hunter, recalling what happened last summer.
``I've never ever, even seen a bear until about five years ago.''
These days, everybody in this township of 4,500 on the slopes of
the Kittatinny Mountains of northwestern New Jersey seems to know
somebody with a bear story. Charlie McMahon raised goats as a hobby
for 15 years until a bear killed two of them three years ago.
And last summer, a bear broke up Diane Apostola's backyard
barbecue for 20 relatives. ``He just came walking down like he was
coming to the party with us,'' Apostola said. ``We all ran into the
house, and he just left.''
As the numbers of black bears and people have grown in forested
areas of the New York region, the bears _ once timid and content
with isolated lives in the woods _ are venturing more and more into
campgrounds, yards and even houses in search of food. The place
where their wanderings have caused the biggest stir is New Jersey;
the state Division of Fish and Wildlife said it received 1,659
complaints about bears last year, up from 285 in 1995.
Most of the complaints were about bears roaming in backyards and
getting into garbage and bird feeders, but 28 of them involved
bears killing livestock and 29 were about bears getting into homes.
Although none of the complaints involved bears attacking or
injuring people, the intrusions have imposed anxieties and
restrictions on life in this wooded corner of the state.
The New Jersey Fish and Game Council will hold a public hearing
Tuesday on its proposal to allow bear hunting this fall for the
first time in 30 years. The council wants to reduce the state's
bear population, now estimated at 1,000, to between 250 and 330 in
the next three years in order to cut down on encounters between
people and bears.
``We see this as a safety issue,'' said John W. Bradway,
chairman of the council. ``Some people fear for their children's
safety.''
The hunting proposal, made last March, is opposed by 22 animal
rights groups that want the state to do more to teach people to
coexist with bears.
``There's no overpopulation problem,'' said Lynda Smith,
director of one such group, the Bear Education and Resource Group
of West Milford, N.J. ``If we cut off food in the neighborhoods,
the bears won't come in.''
But the animals have a keen sense of smell that can penetrate
even the strongest barriers to food. Two summers ago, a black bear
broke into Carolyn and Michael Ganon's home here by yanking an
air-conditioner out of a window and crawling in through the hole _
apparently seeking an uncovered canister of chocolate-covered
toffee in the family room. Terrified, the couple's son, Leland, 13,
ran upstairs and called 911. The police found the animal sitting
near the Ganons' porch, calmly eating the candy.


:tending to associate with others of one's kind :social
:marked by or indicating a liking for companionship :sociable
:of or relating to a social group
:growing in a cluster or a colony
:living in contiguous nests but not forming a true colony used especially of wasps and bees


general_section
Syntax
general_section(object,variable,xref,zref)
general_section(object,variable,xref,zref,interpolate)
general_section(object,variable,xref,zref,interpolate,contours)
Description
general_section(object,variable,xref,zref)
creates a section plot from object
; where object
is a struct created by any of the _build
functions in ocean_data_tools (e.g. argo
, cruise
, hycom
, mercator
, woa
, wod
). The color field is specified by variable
. xref
and zref
specify fields to use for the x-axis and z-axis. Alteratively pass xref = 'km'
to plot in along-track distance, assuming spherical earth.
general_section(object,variable,xref,zref,interpolate)
interpolates the plot using the MATLAB shading
function. interpolate=1
for on, interpolate=0
for off.
general_section(object,variable,xref,zref,interpolate,contours)
adds contours to the section plot. contours=1
for on, contours=0
for off.
variable
is the string name of the field (of object
) to be plotted as the color variable of the section plot
zref
is the string name of the field (of object
) to be plotted as the depth variable of the section plot
xref
is the string name of the field (of object
) to be plotted as the horizontal variable of the section plot, usually 'stn'
, 'lat'
, or 'lon'
. Alteratively pass xref = 'km'
to plot in along-track distance, assuming spherical earth.
Example 1
% Setup nctoolbox:
setup_nctoolbox
% Built a uniform struct from MOCHA climatology:
month = 10; % Month (1 through 12).
depth = 0;
variable = 'temperature'; % 'temperature' 'salinity'
region = [34 42 -80 -70]; % [30 48 -80 -58]
mocha_simple_plot(month,depth,variable,region)
[xcoords,ycoords] = transect_select('densify',10); % click desired transect on the figure, densify selection by 10x
zgrid = 1; % vertical grid for linear interpolation in meters
[mocha] = mocha_build_profiles(month,xcoords,ycoords,zgrid); % zgrid optional, no interpolation if unspecified
% Make a temperature section:
object = mocha; % argo, cruise, hycom, mercator, woa, wod
variable = 'temperature'; % see particular struct for options
xref = 'stn'; % 'lat' 'lon' 'stn';
zref = 'depth; See particular struct for options
interpolate = 1; % 1=on 0=off
contours = 1; % 1=on 0=off
general_section(object,variable,xref,zref,interpolate,contours)


WAG THE DOG A film review by Mark R. Leeper
Capsule: What might have worked nicely in a 20-minute film does not keep satire going for 97 minutes. To protect a President from an accusation of child molestation, a spin doctor decides to create a fictional war with Albania to act as distraction for the American people. It is fun for a little while seeing the political image specialist and the Hollywood producer brainstorm epic images inspired by those of previous wars and then see them actually implemented with 90s technology. But the film becomes repetitious with insufficient plot and occasional gaps in credibility. Both Robert DeNiro's and Dustin Hoffman's parts are under-written with more of an eye toward satire than to character. Hoffman does a better job of rising above the limitation. Rating: low +1 (0 to 10), 5 (-4 to +4) There are spoilers in this review, but none that were not in the trailer that ran in movie theaters. New York critics: 13 positive, 1 negative, 2 mixed
Somewhere lost in WAG THE DOG's 97 minutes is a bright, funny, pointed, and even frightening 20- minute film. The film makes some good points about the state of political images, about technology, and about the American public. But the film says it all concisely fairly quickly, then says it again, then for good measure says it again. Eventually the movie which from the outside would seem short out-stays its welcome. It is surprising that Barry Levinson thought that he could get by with one-dimensional characters in so repetitious a story however engaging and important the central idea was. Levinson knows the value of good characters. He built his reputation with DINER and he directed AVALON. Both are films with very real, very believable characters. This instead is an idea film, but it gives us the same idea over and over. The script is by Harry Henkin and David Mamet based on the novel AMERICAN HERO by Larry Beinhart. It tells us that what we remember from the wars of our past are images and ceremonies. For example, from World War II we remember the raising of the flag at Iwo Jima and a sailor kissing a girl in New York City when the war is over--the visual images of that war that had power. From Vietnam we remember a young girl running screaming in a street after a napalm attack; then there is the illegal pistol execution in another street. These images could always have been orchestrated and many probably were. And as time has passed the creation of these images has only become easier and less expensive with techniques like digital image processing. The government feeds us images rather than facts, or at least such is the implication of WAG THE DOG.
It is less than two weeks to the national election and the President is in big trouble. It seems he is accused of sexually abusing a Firefly Girl, part of a troop visiting the Capital Building. (I know that our current President is unpopular in some quarters, but even so this seems like a somewhat exaggerated premise.) An image expert, Conrad Brean (Robert DeNiro), is called in protect the President from the accusation and after some deliberation he determines that the best strategy is to give the President a military victory in the few days before the election. A war has to appear to start up and the President has to appear to win the war in just the short period of time before the election. Brean determines that the winning approach is to fabricate a war with Albania. To bring off such a war he needs the help of a top Hollywood producer. His choice is the handsome, graying Stanley Motss (Dustin Hoffman).
From there the film goes into a series of repetitious cycles. First there is the brainstorming session where Brean and Motss talk in understated tone about what sort of an image they need to impress the public. Not surprisingly, this sounds almost like they are planning for the production of a film. They hit on some idea upon which they can agree. The suggestion is actually produced and we see a few of the steps that go into the production to make it seem possible. Finally we see the final implementation as the public would see it and it is some variation on some image that inspired the public in some previous war. A song will sound very much like a song we remember, or some monument to the war heroes will look like some famous monument, aut cetera. Binding these cycles together is a bit of a plot, but not much of one.
The film offers two good actors in the lead roles, Dustin Hoffman and Robert DeNiro. But there is little in this film to give much of a clue to who these people really are beyond what their jobs are. However, DeNiro plays his role a bit suppressed and Hoffman takes advantage of this to appear a much more outgoing person amused by the political machinations and his new-found power. The two are accompanied by Anne Heche, who seems to have been added to this film as an after-thought. She has little to do but tag along.
People who are nearer to either the film industry or the political process may find that there is much in this film that is on-target, but for many viewers this film will be an argument that there is still a place for the short film and perhaps it should be used more often. I rate this film a 5 on the 0 to 10 scale and a low +1 on the -4 to +4 scale.
Mark R. Leeper<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Copyright 1998 Mark R. Leeper
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Hi everyone. My name is Peh Jun Xiang. I am currently studying at Singpore Polytecnhic(SP) for a diploma in Computer Engineering. I have just completed my year 1 studies last month and is currently waiting for my second academic year at SP to begin. Some of interest include reading, writing, drawing and basketball. I have also recently had an interest in music, particularly in japanese pop music.
Feel free to contact me for more information.
Email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Contact No.:90907025


"Moulin Rouge" -- Laissez Les Bon Temps Roulez by Homer Yen (c) 2001
Summer's most impressive visual spectacle has hit the theatres. But in this film, you won't find squadrons of bombers or capsizing battleships. Instead, you'll find a rhapsodic presentation that evokes the great Hollywood musicals of the 50s with sets that burst with vivid color, production numbers as showy as any Broadway spectacular, and a kinetic pace that patterns itself after hip MTV videos. And beneath all of this pomp, you'll also find a moving story about "truth, beauty, freedom, and love."
In the revisionist film, `Moulin Rouge,' story and song boldly come together in a film about a tragic love affair between penniless writer Christian (Ewan McGregor) and beautiful courtesan Satine (Nicole Kidman). These two meet at the fabled nightclub Moulin Rouge, where fantasies power its atmosphere of glitz and opulence. But when you return from your state of euphoria, reality is hurtfully cold.
No character is caught up more in this state of fantasy than the naive Christian, whom after befriending dwarf artist Toulouse-Lautrec (John Leguizamo), is given the rare opportunity to meet Satine. This encounter makes his heart sing, literally. He croons a love song to her delight ("I can see you're going to be bad for business," she says) but perhaps to the ambivalence of the audience.
Actually, McGregor, Kidman and the cast members can all competently carry a tune, but their renditions lacked brassiness or distinction. At other times, such as when our couple sings a medley of love songs to one another, the exercise seemed nauseatingly silly. Indeed some of the musical numbers bordered on kitsch (like the sales pitch set to the tune of the Can-Can to persuade a financier to invest) while other numbers seemed forced just for the sake of song. Yet, many selections were quite impressive and easily acquitted itself of this complaint such as the opening and closing numbers and a dark Tango set to Sting's "Roxanne."
Christian's state of euphoria may soon come to an end when he discovers that the investor (Richard Roxburgh) who agrees to finance his latest play also wants exclusivity to Satine. If she does not agree, then he shall also seize the property. Harold (Jim Broadbent), impresario and owner, asks her to hurt him for the sake of everyone involved. "We are creatures of the underworld," he laments. "We can not afford to love."
But their bond is unbreakable, which leaves our flustered paterfamilias making up brilliant lies when the investor begins to doubt her commitment. A terrific musical moment occurs when Harold explains to him that Satine has cancelled her date because she has gone to confessional and then breaks into Madonna's "Like a Virgin." His character is by far the most enjoyable of the cast.
While we gladly accept the songs and take interest in the love story, what really holds our attention, however, is the film's camerawork and inventive visualizations. The film's images frenetically display the pageantry of turn-of-the century Paris during the period when avant-garde artistry was at its heyday. The extravagant production ably captures its festive mood, from the tuxedo-clad clientele reveling at the nightclub to the melodramatic characters to a scene where our wildly-in-love couple dances on a cloud while serenaded by the moon. It's a fantasy of which we should all be a part.
Grade: B+
S: 2 out of 3 L: 0 out of 3 V: 1 out of 3
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: My new E-mail address<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author: Leask author_login: leask author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: https://leaskh.com wordpress_id: 508 wordpress_url: http://leaskh.wordpress.com/2006/07/08/my-new-e-mail-address-leaskhapple-pro date: '2006-07-08 05:11:14 +0800' date_gmt: '2006-07-08 05:11:14 +0800' categories: - Life tags: [] comments: [] ---


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techno buzz
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It has been 28 years in the educational industry providing opportunities to aspiring students learn new skills in their respective fields. Then, to spread the knowledge more and more we introduced a better infrastructure to students in the form of Brainware Group of Institutions.
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Card titles are used by adding .card-title to a tag. In the same way, links are added and placed next to each other by adding .card-link to an tag.
Card titles are used by adding .card-title to a tag. In the same way, links are added and placed next to each other by adding .card-link to an tag.


Daily Code # 4
Good job today! Things went a lot smoother than yestaerday. My focus was on typography today: choosing good header and body combinations. That's Chunk5 in the header and Garamond in the body. Not too bad. I have to create a typography workflow that will streamline the process of working with text. I still have to find a way to get clean copies of fonts in the formats that all of the browsers support because this design breaks in Firefox.
Margins and padding make a huge difference for laying out elements visually. Positive/negative space is the center of today's design. I thought I would have trouble working with the box model but I was able to apply the concept easily. I used the W3C reference to get the margin, padding and border properties syntax down. Good to go. The heights of the elements are fixed in pixels. I wanted to center the design on the page but I'll have to get it to it tomorrow because I'm out of time.
I'm also writing better HTML semantically. My code looks cleaner, more organized and it makes more sense regarding what the content is or means. Just by looking at an outline of the tags I can tell what this page is and I can make a good guess as to what kind of info the page contains. I was also able to style the page a lot easier. It appears that what a lot of developers have been saying is true: there are many benefits to building structurally sound HTML.
Sidenote: The header typeface is not displaying in CodePen at the moment. It is displaying fine in all of the browsers. Interesting...


Before Change
// Segment input into 3 dataframes.
relation = df[col_relation]
left = df[["id_left", "text_left"]].drop_duplicates(["id_left"])
left.set_index("id_left", inplace=True)
// Infer the length of the text left
// left["length_left"] = left.apply(lambda r: len(r["text_left"]), axis=1)
After Change
// Build Relation
relation = pd.DataFrame(data={"id_left": id_left, "id_right": id_right})
for col in df:
if col not in ["id_left", "id_right", "text_left", "text_right"]:
relation[col] = df[col]
// Build Left and Right
left = _merge(df, id_left, "text_left", "id_left")
right = _merge(df, id_right, "text_right", "id_right")
return matchzoo.DataPack(relation, left, right)


--- layout: page title: "归档" permalink: /posts/ --- {% for post in site.posts %} {% capture year %}{{ post.date | date: '%Y' }}{% endcapture %} {% capture pyear %}{{ post.previous.date | date: '%Y' }}{% endcapture %} {% if year != pyear %}