orphan
: orphaned dependent of a predicate attached to another orphan
The orphan
relation is used to provide a satisfactory treatment of
ellipsis (in the case of gapping and stripping, where a predicational
or verbal head gets elided).
To develop motivation, consider first a sentence without ellipsis:
Maria foi para Paris e Miriam foi para Praga
nsubj(foi-2, Maria-1)
root(root-0, foi-2)
nmod(foi-2, Paris-4)
case(Paris-4, para-3)
cc(foi-7, e-5)
nsubj(foi-7, Miriam-6)
conj(foi-2, foi-7)
case(Praga-9, para-8)
nmod(foi-7, Praga-9)
The question is then how to treat the sentence “Maria foi para Paris e Miriam para Praga”
Maria foi para Paris e Miriam para Praga
nsubj(foi-2, Maria-1)
root(root-0, foi-2)
nmod(foi-2, Paris-4)
case(Paris-4, para-3)
case(Praga-8, para-7)
One option would be to pretend that there is an empty verb and to have the final elements be dependents of it: Maria foi para Paris e Miriam ∅ para Praga. This analysis has some appeal but also has some problems and at any rate stops the basic dependency graph from being simply a tree of dependencies over the words of a sentence. A second option is to simply promote the final elements and to have them as dependents of the main verb of the sentence (foi-2) or of root-0. But then (in general) one loses the ability to successfully reconstruct the correct predicate-argument structure of the sentence from the basic dependency representation.
In UD v2, the enhanced dependency representation uses empty nodes to
represent the elided predicates. In the basic representation, one
orphaned dependent is promoted as the head and it attaches to the
parent of the elided predicate, using its relation. The other orphans
are attached to the promoted orphan via the orphan
relation. So, for this example, we have:
Maria foi para Paris e Miriam para Praga
nsubj(foi-2, Maria-1)
root(root-0, foi-2)
nmod(foi-2, Paris-4)
case(Paris-4, para-3)
conj(Maria-1, Miriam-6)
cc(Miriam-6, e-5)
orphan(Miriam-6, Praga-8)
case(Praga-8, para-7)
In VP-ellipsis, we keep the auxiliary as the head, as shown below:
João vai ganhar ouro e Maria vai também
nsubj(ganhar-3, João-1)
aux(ganhar-3, vai-2)
obj(ganhar-3, ouro-4)
conj(ganhar-3, vai-7)
cc(vai-7, e-5)
nsubj(vai-7, Maria-6)
advmod(vai-7, também-8)
orphan in other languages: [bm] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [fi] [fr] [fro] [ga] [gsw] [hy] [it] [kk] [no] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ro] [ru] [sl] [sv] [swl] [tr] [u] [vi] [yue] [zh]


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HI THERE
I'm front-end web developer live in Lublin, PL. I'm interested in almost everything related to websites
If you want some cool web project just call or email me.
WHAT I DO
DEVELOPMENT
I develope web apps with JavaScripr, Html and Css. I use Typescript, SASS and Vue.js framework.
RESPONSIVE
When I'm in the mood I also fancy doing some styling ideally responsive and minimalistic. A handful of my ideas can be seen at cedepen.io
COOPERATION
I love work with git, because nobody is perfect and do mistakes.
NEW TECHNOLOGY
I also love new technology. Besides coding, designing and watching TV series I try follow new technologies: NodeJs, Firebase.
I'VE WORKED WITH
OMERO
"Translation agency specialising in a broad range of language services. Omero offers not only translation and interpreting services but also comprehensive services in the scope of conferences, trainings and symposia."
PRODENTICA
"Friendly dental practice service and a relaxed atmosphere should always form a natural part of your visit. Prodentica aims to deliver the highest quality of care, while making you feel at home. Their patients are always first priority and they are always happy to help."
ANNA DOMICELA NIEMIEC
"Anna is an editorial portrait and wedding photographer residing in Poland. As a natural creative, her love for photography as a form of expression became his ultimate path and career in 2007. She pursues portrait shoots as her primary focus as a photographer."
GOOGLE/UDACITY
"As member of nanodegree course I had pleasure to participate in many challenges. Here is one of many examples I did."
SKILLS
- SINGLE PAGE APPLICATION
- HTML5 + FLEXBOX
- CSS + SASS
- JAVASCRIPT + jQUERY
- CUSTOM SCROLL NAVIGATION
- POPUPS + SLIDE DOWN MENU
- GIT
Link: in progres
Github: Link
- SINGLE PAGE APPLICATION
- VUE.JS + ROUTING
- HTML5 + FLEXBOX
- CSS
- JAVASCRIPT
- GIT
Link: in progress
Github: Link
- WORDPRESS
- CSS + ANIMATION
- LIGHTBOX
Link: See project
- GAME
- JAVASCRIPT CANVAS SYSTEM
- JAVASCRIPT PROTOTYPING
- ES5 'CLASSES'
Link: Codepen
ARE YOU INTERESTED?
Whether you have an interesting project or just want to say hi, feel free to shoot me a message.


The data for the dropdown is part of an object and the grid stores the key. This example shows how to handle this.


TIMEOFDAY Function
TIMEOFDAY is a special alias used to return the weekday, date, and time as a string value.
Syntax
TIMEOFDAY()
Return Type
VARCHAR
Examples
Return the current date and time by using the TIMEOFDAY function:
select timeofday(); timeofday ------------ Thu Sep 19 22:53:50.333525 2013 UTC (1 row)


This file is intended to provide a testing environment within the console to play around with aspects of Meeba farm. It does not run app.js.


MSNBC's Wallace: Sondland's Testimony 'Changed Everything' -- This Was 'Extortion' | Breitbart
by Pam KeyOn Wednesday’s broadcast of MSNBC’s special coverage of the House Intelligence Committee’s impeachment inquiry, “Deadline” host Nicolle Wallace discussed the European Union Ambassador Gordon Sondland’s testimony.
Wallace said, “We don’t say this very often anymore because it’s rarely true. But I think today changed everything. I think Gordon Sondland’s testimony today changed everything.”
She continued, “The bombshell there was no irregular policy channel. There was the channel. It was run by Donald J. Trump, Mike Pence, Mike Pompeo, the secretary of state. That channel directed an extortion of the government, the country of Ukraine, in exchange for dirt on Joe Biden — full stop.”
Follow Pam Key on Twitter @pamkeyNEN


Typica coffee is a kind of Arabica coffee that is 100% Arabica. They're tough to care for and provide modest yields of high-quality coffee beans. Typic is well-known for its subtle sweetness and bitterness, as well as a captivating scent. There are various varieties of the greatest coffee in the world that are all members of the Typical family. Since the 16th century, Yemeni coffee beans have been harvested from the coffee forests of southwestern Ethiopia and transported to the country. Baba Budan received the first Typic seeds from Yemen (India). Later, from 1696 to 1699, the Dutch imported Typica coffee plants from India's Malabar coast to Batavia, which is now known as Jakarta - the capital of Indonesia.
Typica is the benchmark coffee quality for many coffee drinkers. It may be the heart of the taste standard in the standard cupping concept..


WITNESS LIST Tax Reform & Public School Finance, Select Committee April 2, 1997-1:30P Aviation Fuels On: Clarey, S. Timothy (Conquest Airlines), Austin Foxhall, Irene E.(Nene) (Continental Airlines), Houston Hagan, Dan (American Airlines), Dallas Poole, Blake (Delta Airlines), Atlanta Ricks, Ron (Southwest Airlines), Dallas Registering, but not testifying: On: Johnson, R. Eugens (Himself), Rockport Cigarettes and Tobacco Products On: Davis, Michael (Tobacco Institute), Dallas Elliott, Marvin D. (Himself), Paris, TX Possamai, Mario (Tx Assc of Whsl Dist), Toronto, Canada Ratcliff, Joe (TX Assc of Whsl Dist), Austin Stamler, Rod (TX Assc of Whsl Dist), Toronto, Canada Franchise Tax On: Bode, Clive (TX Pacific Gp/Trinity), Fort Worth Clark, Jerry (Associated Milk Prod), Arlington Clark, Jerry (TX Ag Co-op Council), Arlington Dickens, Linda (TX Instruments Inc), Dallas Martin, Wayne (Plains Co-op Oil Mill), Lubbock Pinkus, David (Sm Business United TX), Austin Ritter, Philip (TX Instruments Inc), Dallas Untermeyer, Chase (Am Elec Assn/Compaq Co), Houston Woodrick, Jim (TX Chemical Council), Austin Gas, Electric and Water Utility Tax On: Seidlits, Curt (Assn of Elec Comp of TX), Austin Registering, but not testifying: On: Kamm, Robert (TX Assn Busi/Chamb Comm), Austin In General Registering, but not testifying: On: Archer, James (Comptroller of Pub Accs), Austin Barton, Karey W. (Comptroller of Pub Accs), Austin Comer, Teresa (Comptroller of Pub Accs), Austin Shoemate, Mona Ezell (Comptroller of Pub Accs), Austin Property Tax On: Harris, Dane (TX Assn Busi/Chamb Comm), Austin Registering, but not testifying: On: Kamm, Robert (TX Assn Busi/Chamb Comm), Austin Tax on Lignite On: Bollner, Dan (Phillips Coal Company), Richardson Faulkner, Tom (TX Mining & Reclamation), Austin Williams, Mike (TX Electric Cooperative), Austin TX Lottery Commission On: Bennett, Ridgely C. (TX Lottery Commission), Austin Hosker, James E. (GTech Corporation), Austin Kiplin, Kim (TX Lottery Commission), Austin Miers, Harriet (TX Lottery Commission), Austin Rinn, James (TX Lottery Commission), Austin Sadberry, Anthony (TX Lottery Commission), Austin Registering, but not testifying: On: Eland, Alan (GTech Corporation), Austin


The .NET Foundation is an independent organization to foster open development and collaboration around the Microsoft .NET development framework.
http://www.dotnetfoundation.org/


base
/
net.corda.v5.base.types
/
ByteSequence
/
putTo
putTo
fun
putTo
(
buffer
:
ByteBuffer
)
:
ByteBuffer
Write this sequence to a
ByteBuffer
.


Equipment and Tools
Laser Cutter
Resin 3D Printer
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Power tools: Drill & Dremel
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|
|
Owl Monitoring SystemManager Installation Manual |
| 4.1. | Create Directories and Files for Sensor's Data | ||
| 4.2. | Firewall Configuration | ||
| 4.3. | SSH Set-up | ||
| 4.4. | Configuration Settings | ||
| 4.4.1. | Provide Configuration Information to Sensor Administrator | ||
| 4.4.2. | Receive Configuration Information from Sensor Administrator | ||
| 4.5. | Test Transfer from Sensor | ||
| 4.6. | Wait for Sensor Data | ||
| 4.7. | Build Nagios Sensor Objects | ||
| 4.8. | Nagios Modifications | ||
| 4.8.1. | nagios.cfg | ||
| 4.8.2. | owl-hostgroups.cfg | ||
| 4.9. | Graphing Modifications | ||
| 4.10. | Restart Nagios | ||
Whenever a new Owl sensor is added to those handled by an Owl manager, there are a number of actions that must take place on both the sensor and the manager. These actions should be followed consecutively within each section. However, there is some amount of necessary interleaving of actions. For example, a particular sensor action may be required before a particular manager action.
It is acceptable for the Owl sensor and Owl manager to be under completely different administrative control. Each host may even be owned by different commercial, educational, governmental, or other such entity. All that is required is that there be some initial coordination between administrators when the sensor is first configured, along with (probably) aperiodic support from time to time later.
The discussions on adding Owl sensors assumes that the sensor and manager are under different administrative control. Required actions will not change if they are under unified administrative control, but they may be easier to accomplish.
This section describes the various actions that must be performed on the Owl manager in order to configure a new sensor for it. This assumes the installation and configuration procedures detailed in section 2 have been completed.
A set of directories and files must be created for a new sensor. These are the sensor directory, the sensor's data directory, the history directory, the data archive directory. The heartbeat file, if the sensor will be providing heartbeats, must also be created.
These files are best created by the owl-initsensor command, but they may also be created manually. If they are created manually, you must use the names and organization as given in the examples below. The locations of the directories may change (i.e., the /owl/data and /owl/archive portions), but that's it.
For example, when adding the new sensors helsinki and canberra, you might create the following sets of directories:
|
sensor directory data directory heartbeat file history directory archive directory |
/owl/data/helsinki/ /owl/data/helsinki/data/ /owl/data/helsinki/heartbeat /owl/data/helsinki/history/ /owl/archive/helsinki/ |
/owl/data/canberra/ /owl/data/canberra/data/ /owl/data/canberra/heartbeat /owl/data/canberra/history/ /owl/archive/canberra/ |
The archive directory must be writable by the manager's Owl user, but the others must be writable by the manager's Owl user and the manager's web server.
The Owl manager and the Owl sensor communicate by way of SSH and HTTP. If the Owl manager is protected by a firewall (either on the manager host itself or by an enterprise-level firewall) then the firewall must be configured to allow data to be transferred between the manager and the sensor. The direction of this transfer (initiated by sensor or initiated by manager) depends on the Owl configuration. These firewall modifications are far beyond the scope of this document.
First, you must generate a new SSH key for the manager's Owl user.
If the manager will be pulling data from the sensor, then the you must provide the sensor administrator with your Owl user's public key. This key will allow owl-transfer-mgr to retrieve Owl sensor data. You must generate your key in compliance with particular key requirements (e.g., length and type) specified by the sensor administrator.
If the sensor will be transferring data to the manager, then the sensor administrator must provide you with the public key of their Owl sensor user. This key will allow owl-transfer to pass Owl sensor data to the your manager. You must add this key to your .ssh/authorized_keys file. The key must be generated with key characteristics (e.g., length and type) that are acceptable to you. See the example below.
The authorized_keys file restricts access to known sensor hosts and controls where each Owl sensor's data are stored. This file should only have one entry per sensor, and each sensor should have a unique data directory.
Example entries (with abbreviated keys):
command="/usr/local/bin/rrsync /owl/data/sensor1" ssh-rsa AAAA...Qw==<EMAIL_ADDRESS>command="/usr/local/bin/rrsync /owl/data/sensor8" ssh-rsa AAAA...gM==<EMAIL_ADDRESS>parts of the line from "ssh-rsa " to the end of the line are the public SSH key provided by the sensor's administrator. You will add everything before the "ssh-rsa ", using the proper paths for rrsync and the sensor's data directory.
With Owl's capability of having either the sensor or the manager transfer sensor data to the manager, there are configuration settings that must be made to allow the transfer. These are described in the subsections below. Regardless of how your Owl installation handles data transfer, you should read both subsections to ensure you are making all the required settings.
It would be a good idea for you and the sensor administrator to agree on a name for the sensor. This isn't required, but it will probably make things easier for you both in the long run to refer to the sensor by the same name.
The sensor name can be very generic, such as sensor42, sensor-d, or owl-us-east. It can also be very specific, such as washdc-1600-penn-ave-nw or cheltenham-bldg4. The intent is to provide distinguishing information to the intended audience of the DNS monitoring data. You should use names that easily distinguish sensors and are acceptable to the manager and sensor administrators.
If the Owl sensor will be transferring data to the manager, then you must provide the sensor administrator with an SSH user. All Owl sensors may use this single SSH user, and the data will be distinguished by the SSH key used to connect from the sensor.
The sensor will use the heartbeat URL to provide a heartbeat to the manager. If this is to be used, it must be set on the sensor regardless of who initiates sensor data transfer.
The data values will be added to the sensor's configuration file.
The following example data will allow the sensor to work with the Owl manager as expected. These data are used, in conjunction with the remote keyword, in the sensor's configuration file.
| Configuration Field | Purpose | Example | ||
| ssh-user | user on Owl manager with which owl-transfer will connect via ssh |<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| ||
| heartbeat | URL to provide "heartbeat" data to manager | http://owl.example.com/cgi-bin/owl-sensor-heartbeat.cgi |
If the Owl manager will be pulling data from the sensor, then the sensor administrator must provide you with an SSH user. The owl-transfer-mgr program will use this SSH user to copy data from the sensor.
The following data will allow the manager to connect to the Owl sensor as expected. These data are used, in conjunction with the remote keyword, in the sensor's configuration file.
| Configuration Field | Purpose | Example | ||
| ssh-user | user on Owl sensor with which owl-transfer-mgr will connect via ssh |<EMAIL_ADDRESS>|
At this point, you are ready to test your Owl manager. When the sensor administrator reaches section 4.5 in their installation instructions, both sensor and manager are ready to test the data transfer.
Coordinate with the sensor administrator to test data transfer. The sensor administrator must put a data file (of any sort, it doesn't have to be an Owl data file) in their data directory. If the manager will be transferring data, you must run owl-transfer-mgr to attempt to retrieve the test file. If the sensor will be transferring data, the sensor administrator must run owl-transfer to attempt to retrieve the test file. After the transfer command appears to have transferred the file without error, you must check that sensor's data directory on the manager to ensure the file has arrived as expected.
Once the test file successfully appears in the new sensor's data directory, the sensor is ready to start collecting data and transferring it to the manager. You must inform the sensor administrator of this, so they can start the Owl sensor daemons.
The sensor should now be in the process of collecting DNS response data. Whichever host will be transferring data must have the appropriate transfer daemon executing. You must now wait for sensor data to show up in the sensor's data directory. The time this takes will depend on how frequently the data is transferred to the manager. This is set in the configuration file.
You will know when the sensor is transferring data because the new sensor's data directory will start holding files whose names reflect the queries you are expecting. You may proceed when you have found files for all the queries the sensor will be performing.
Once all the sensor's data directory contains files for all the queries expected from the new sensor, Nagios objects must be built for those queries. This may be done automatically using the owl-newsensor command. A file containing these Nagios objects must be created, and it will be added to the Nagios environment in section 4.8.1.
owl-newsensor can be used like this to create the Nagios objects:
$ owl-newsensor -out sensor8.cfg /owl/data/sensor8/data
Passing owl-newsensor the -heartbeat option will cause an object to be created that will allow Nagios to display heartbeat information about the new sensor.
Several Nagios configuration files must be modified to account for the new sensor. These changes will allow Nagios to start reporting current status of the new sensor as well as saving historical data to be used in graphing.
The following modifications must be made to the nagios.cfg file to prepare Nagios for monitoring Owl sensor data.
cfg_file=/owl/nagios/etc/objects/owl-contacts.cfg cfg_file=/owl/nagios/etc/objects/owl-hosts.cfg cfg_file=/owl/nagios/etc/objects/owl-commands.cfg cfg_file=/owl/nagios/etc/objects/owl-services.cfgThese files contain basic Nagios object definitions used by the Owl sensor objects. They should follow all the other standard cfg_file lines.
cfg_file=/owl/nagios/etc/objects/owl-sensor21.cfg cfg_file=/owl/nagios/etc/objects/sensor-london.cfgThe sensor lines should follow all four of the cfg_file lines listed in the previous point.
cfg_file=/owl/etc/objects/owl-hostgroups.cfgModification of the owl-hostgroups.cfg file is described below.
Examples for the cfg_file modifications may be found in nagios.cfg-owl.mods in the Owl manager distribution.
This file contains the "DNS Response Time Sensors" Nagios hostgroup object that lists the Owl sensor hosts. All your Owl sensors should be listed in the "DNS Response Time Sensors" object.
You may add your own hostgroup objects to this file. Use the "DNS Response Time Sensors" object as a guide to create custom groups. This can be used, for example, to group all the sensors in a geographical region or those that are running a particular operating system. The hostgroup object allows you to group a set of hosts in a manner that makes sense for your purposes.
The new sensor's data must be made available to the drraw.cgi script. To do this, the new sensor's data sources must be added to the %datadirs hash in the drraw.conf file. See <IP_ADDRESS>. drraw.cgi for more details.
Nagios must be restarted in order for it to see your new sensor's objects.
Prior to the restart, verify that your object modifications won't cause a problem for Nagios. Execute this command (assuming you are in the directory containing the Nagios files):
$ nagios -v nagios.cfgIt will read the configuration files and ensure they all look okay. If there are problems, they must be resolved before Nagios is started.
Once the Nagios configuration file is validated and without problems, Nagios may be restarted:
$ nagios stop $ nagios start
It will probably take several minutes for Nagios to check all its services. Clicking on the "Services" link in the left-hand sidebar will bring up the configured services and you can watch the status of your new sensor.
|
Section 3. An Interlude on Sensor Queries |
Owl Monitoring System Manager Installation Manual |
Section 5. Defining Graphs |


Session
The session is on {{n.session.sessionDate | date :'mediumDate' }} from {{n.session.startingTime}} to {{n.session.endingTime}} at {{n.session.village.villageName}}
Please confirm are you joining?
Event
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[gecode-users] Gecode Compilation Ubuntu 13.04 failed
inspecteur
inspecteur.rick at gmail.com
Tue Jan 21 20:08:52 CET 2014
Yet I have not installed Qt on Unbuntu 11.04 and it works.
I need to install QT on ubuntu 13.04?
Le 21/01/2014 20:05, Christian Schulte a écrit :
>
> I guess you did not install the right version of Qt (or your
> installation of Qt is somehow mangelled). Maybe Guido knows more.
>
> Christian
>
> --
>
> Christian Schulte, www.ict.kth.se/~cschulte
>
> *From:*users-bounces at gecode.org [mailto:users-bounces at gecode.org] *On
> Behalf Of *inspecteur
> *Sent:* Tuesday, January 21, 2014 07:45 PM
> *To:* users at gecode.org
> *Subject:* [gecode-users] Gecode Compilation Ubuntu 13.04 failed
>
> Hi,
>
> I succes tocompile version 4.2.1 from source on ubuntu 11.04
> http://www.gecode.org/download/gecode-4.2.1.tar.gz
>
> Commands: . /configure
> make
> make install
>
> But I get an error on ubuntu 13.04
> During make
>
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Lifting the Lou has a dedicated Board of Advisors that make it a personal goal to advance the mission of Lifting the Lou to see the entire city of St. Louis become one big, integrated “Island of Prosperity”.
Sean Walsh
Managing Director and Co-founder
1904labs
Sean has split his 30 plus year career between working in large organizations - IBM, Accenture, Cambridge Technology Partners and Novell – and leading and/or co-founding several venture and private equity backed startups. He has provided solutions to Fortune 500
clients in a diverse set of industries.
In additional to general leadership his areas of expertise include Sales, Operations, Lean Six Sigma (green belt), Agile Software Development, Human Centered Design and Service Design. Sean is based in St. Louis and is
married with 3 children. He is an avid runner having completed 17 marathons overall which includes a streak of 7 straight Boston Marathons. He is on the boards of the Cortex Innovation Community and the Global Learning Exchange.


Floor 1 Image Credits
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- bleach
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--- layout: post title: Kernel 101 – Let's write a Kernel date: '2014-04-14T15:12:00+05:30' tags: - kernel - operating system - c - asm - assembly - x86 - cpu - booting - programming - bootloader - grub - nasm - ld - gcc - technology tumblr_url: http://arjunsreedharan.org/post/82710718100/kernel-101-lets-write-a-kernel permalink: /post/82710718100/kernel-101-lets-write-a-kernel ---
Hello World,
Let us write a simple kernel which could be loaded with the GRUB bootloader on an x86 system. This kernel will display a message on the screen and then hang.
How does an x86 machine boot
Before we think about writing a kernel, let’s see how the machine boots up and transfers control to the kernel:
The x86 CPU is hardwired to begin execution at the physical address [0xFFFFFFF0]. It is in fact, the last 16 bytes of the 32-bit address space. This address just contains a jump instruction to the address in memory where BIOS has copied itself.
Thus, the BIOS code starts its execution. BIOS first searches for a bootable device in the configured boot device order. It checks for a certain magic number to determine if the device is bootable or not.
Once the BIOS has found a bootable device, it copies the contents of the device’s first sector into RAM starting from physical address [0x7c00]; and then jumps into the address and executes the code just loaded. This code is called the bootloader.
The bootloader then loads the kernel at the physical address [0x100000]. The address [0x100000] is used as the start-address for all big kernels on x86 machines.
What all do we need?
* An x86 computer (of course)
* Linux
* NASM assembler
* gcc
* ld (GNU Linker)
* grub
Source Code
Source code is available at my Github repository - mkernel
The entry point using assembly
We like to write everything in C, but we cannot avoid a little bit of assembly. We will write a small file in x86 assembly-language that serves as the starting point for our kernel. All our assembly file will do is invoke an external function which we will write in C, and then halt the program flow.
How do we make sure that this assembly code will serve as the starting point of the kernel?
We will use a linker script that links the object files to produce the final kernel executable. (more explained later) In this linker script, we will explicitly specify that we want our binary to be loaded at the address [0x100000]. This address, as I have said earlier, is where the kernel is expected to be. Thus, the bootloader will take care of firing the kernel’s entry point.
Here’s the assembly code:
;;kernel.asm bits 32 ;nasm directive - 32 bit section .text global start extern kmain ;kmain is defined in the c file start: cli ;block interrupts call kmain hlt ;halt the CPU
The first instruction bits 32
is not an x86 assembly instruction. It’s a directive to the NASM assembler that specifies it should generate code to run on a processor operating in 32 bit mode. It is not mandatorily required in our example, however is included here as it’s good practice to be explicit.
The second line begins the text section (aka code section). This is where we put all our code.
global
is another NASM directive to set symbols from source code as global. By doing so, the linker knows where the symbol start
is; which happens to be our entry point.
kmain
is our function that will be defined in our kernel.c
file. extern
declares that the function is declared elsewhere.
Then, we have the start
function, which calls the kmain
function and halts the CPU using the hlt
instruction. Interrupts can awake the CPU from an hlt
instruction. So we disable interrupts beforehand using cli
instruction. cli
is short for clear-interrupts.
The kernel in C
In kernel.asm
, we made a call to the function kmain()
. So our C code will start executing at kmain()
:
/* * kernel.c */ void kmain(void) { char *str = "my first kernel"; char *vidptr = (char*)0xb8000; //video mem begins here. unsigned int i = 0; unsigned int j = 0; //clear all while(j < 80 * 25 * 2) { //blank character vidptr[j] = ' '; //attribute-byte: light grey on black screen vidptr[j+1] = 0x07; j = j + 2; } j = 0; while(str[j] != '\0') { vidptr[i] = str[j]; vidptr[i+1] = 0x07; ++j; i = i + 2; } return; }
All our kernel will do is clear the screen and write to it the string “my first kernel”.
First we make a pointer vidptr
that points to the address [0xb8000]. This address is the start of video memory in protected mode. The screen’s text memory is simply a chunk of memory in our address space. The memory mapped input/output for the screen starts at [0xb8000] and supports 25 lines, each line contain 80 ascii characters.
Each character element in this text memory is represented by 16 bits (2 bytes), rather than 8 bits (1 byte) which we are used to. The first byte should have the representation of the character as in ASCII. The second byte is the attribute-byte
. This describes the formatting of the character including attributes such as color.
To print the character s
in green color on black background, we will store the character s
in the first byte of the video memory address and the value [0x02] in the second byte. 0
represents black background and 2
represents green foreground.
Have a look at table below for different colors:
0 - Black, 1 - Blue, 2 - Green, 3 - Cyan, 4 - Red, 5 - Magenta, 6 - Brown, 7 - Light Grey, 8 - Dark Grey, 9 - Light Blue, 10/a - Light Green, 11/b - Light Cyan, 12/c - Light Red, 13/d - Light Magenta, 14/e - Light Brown, 15/f – White.
In our kernel, we will use light grey character on a black background. So our attribute-byte must have the value [0x07].
In the first while loop, the program writes the blank character with [0x07] attribute all over the 80 columns of the 25 lines. This thus clears the screen.
In the second while loop, characters of the null terminated string “my first kernel” are written to the chunk of video memory with each character holding an attribute-byte of [0x07].
This should display the string on the screen.
The linking part
We will assemble kernel.asm
with NASM to an object file; and then using GCC we will compile kernel.c
to another object file. Now, our job is to get these objects linked to an executable bootable kernel.
For that, we use an explicit linker script, which can be passed as an argument to ld
(our linker).
/* * link.ld */ OUTPUT_FORMAT(elf32-i386) ENTRY(start) SECTIONS { . = 0x100000; .text : { *(.text) } .data : { *(.data) } .bss : { *(.bss) } }
First, we set the output format of our output executable to be 32 bit Executable and Linkable Format (ELF). ELF is the standard binary file format for Unix-like systems on x86 architecture.
ENTRY takes one argument. It specifies the symbol name that should be the entry point of our executable.
SECTIONS is the most important part for us. Here, we define the layout of our executable. We could specify how the different sections are to be merged and at what location each of these is to be placed.
Within the braces that follow the SECTIONS statement, the period character (.) represents the location counter.
The location counter is always initialized to [0x0] at beginning of the SECTIONS block. It can be modified by assigning a new value to it.
Remember, earlier I told you that kernel’s code should start at the address [0x100000]. So, we set the location counter to [0x100000].
Have look at the next line .text : { *(.text) }
The asterisk (*) is a wildcard character that matches any file name. The expression *(.text)
thus means all .text
input sections from all input files.
So, the linker merges all text sections of the object files to the executable’s text section, at the address stored in the location counter. Thus, the code section of our executable begins at [0x100000].
After the linker places the text output section, the value of the location counter will become
0x1000000 + the size of the text output section.
Similarly, the data and bss sections are merged and placed at the then values of location-counter.
Grub and Multiboot
Now, we have all our files ready to build the kernel. But, since we like to boot our kernel with the GRUB bootloader, there is one step left.
There is a standard for loading various x86 kernels using a boot loader; called as Multiboot specification.
GRUB will only load our kernel if it complies with the Multiboot spec.
According to the spec, the kernel must contain a header (known as Multiboot header) within its first 8 KiloBytes.
Further, This Multiboot header must contain 3 fields that are 4 byte aligned namely:
So our kernel.asm
will become:
;;kernel.asm ;nasm directive - 32 bit bits 32 section .text ;multiboot spec align 4 dd 0x1BADB002 ;magic dd 0x00 ;flags dd - (0x1BADB002 + 0x00) ;checksum. m+f+c should be zero global start extern kmain ;kmain is defined in the c file start: cli ;block interrupts call kmain hlt ;halt the CPU
The dd defines a double word of size 4 bytes.
Building the kernel
We will now create object files from kernel.asm
and kernel.c
and then link it using our linker script.
nasm -f elf32 kernel.asm -o kasm.o
will run the assembler to create the object file kasm.o in ELF-32 bit format.
gcc -m32 -c kernel.c -o kc.o
The ‘-c ’ option makes sure that after compiling, linking doesn’t implicitly happen.
ld -m elf_i386 -T link.ld -o kernel kasm.o kc.o
will run the linker with our linker script and generate the executable named kernel.
Configure your grub and run your kernel
GRUB requires your kernel to be of the name pattern kernel-<version>
. So, rename the kernel. I renamed my kernel executable to kernel-701.
Now place it in the /boot directory. You will require superuser privileges to do so.
In your GRUB configuration file grub.cfg
you should add an entry, something like:
title myKernel root (hd0,0) kernel /boot/kernel-701 ro
Don’t forget to remove the directive hiddenmenu
if it exists.
Reboot your computer, and you’ll get a list selection with the name of your kernel listed.
Select it and you should see:
That’s your kernel!!
PS:
* It’s always advisable to get yourself a virtual machine for all kinds of kernel hacking.
* To run this on grub2 which is the default bootloader for newer distros, your config should look like this (Thanks to Rubén Laguna from comments for the config):
menuentry 'kernel 7001' { set root='hd0,msdos1' multiboot /boot/kernel-7001 ro }
* Also, if you want to run the kernel on the qemu
emulator instead of booting with GRUB, you can do so by:
qemu-system-i386 -kernel kernel
Also, see the next article in the Kernel series:
Kernel 201 - Let’s write a Kernel with keyboard and screen support


SPOTTER - AWARNESS TO HEALTH!!!
Access to healthcare services is critical to good health, yet tribal residents face a variety of access barriers compared to people who live in towns and cities.
There is a need to bring medical assistance to these under-resourced populations through ongoing mobile medical camps.
Mobile vans are optimal delivery tools as they can reach all corners of a slum community and can travel the vast distances to support tribal villages.
By bringing healthcare to their doorstep, this ensures that the greatest number of patients are served without hindering daily livelihood.
It is for a health camp being organized in tribal areas and this application will be used by the health workers to register the patients for the camp. These
health workers will go from village to village... Talk to the patients and register them. Once the patients are registered these patients will get an SMS with their registration number,
date and exact venue of the camp whenever the camp is being organized near their registered location.


{% include setup_data.html %}
{% include header.html %} {% include navbar.html %} {% include hero_secondary.html %}You can host a partner location of the Summer Institutes of Computational Social Science (SICSS) at your university, company, NGO, or government agency.


Time:
Answer the following questions to the best of your ability. You will have 75 seconds. If you get a question wrong, you will lose 10 seconds. When time runs out or when you finish the last question, the quiz will end and your score is calculated by questions you answered correctly + time remaining * 2. Good Luck!!!
Your final score is:
Score:


The idea of this multidisciplinary project was conceived by Dr. Michael Niedzielski who also leads the project with support from Dr. Debbie Storrs, Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences, and Michael Jacobs, former publisher of the Grand Forks Herald. During 2014-2015, support was also provided by Dr. Tami Carmichael (Integrated Studies), while during 2015-2016 support was provided by Dr. Bradley Rundquist (Administrative Fellow in the College of Arts and Sciences and Professor of Geography).
The purpose of the atlas is to engage an interdisciplinary group of students in experiential and collaborative learning to map demographic, economic, and social changes across the state, interpreting such changes, and disseminating findings in a digital format. The atlas will provide several benefits:
1. It will be an important resource for policy makers, community members, and K-12 colleagues and students.
2. It will expand students' educational experiences through experiential and collaborative learning with significant community engagement and impact.
3. It will provide a tangible product for public consumption to increase participation of the public as informed citizens.


Before continuing with more examples of compound data and data abstraction, let us consider some of the issues raised by the rational-number example. We defined the rational-number operations in terms of a constructor make_rat and selectors numer and denom. In general, the underlying idea of data abstraction is to identify for each type of data object a basic set of operations in terms of which all manipulations of data objects of that type will be expressed, and then to use only those operations in manipulating the data.
We can envision the structure of the rational-number system as
shown in Figure \ref{fig:abstraction-barriers}. The
horizontal lines represent abstraction barriers that isolate
different levels
of the system. At each level, the barrier
separates the programs (above) that use the data abstraction from the
programs (below) that implement the data abstraction. Programs that
use rational numbers manipulate them solely in terms of the
functions
supplied for public use
by the rational-number package: add_rat, sub_rat, mul_rat, div_rat, and equal_rat. These, in turn, are implemented solely in terms of the
constructor and selectors make_rat, numer, and denom, which themselves are implemented in terms of pairs. The
details of how pairs are implemented are irrelevant to the rest of the
rational-number package so long as pairs can be manipulated by the use
of pair, head, and tail. In effect,
functions
at
each level are the interfaces that define the abstraction barriers and
connect the different levels.
This simple idea has many advantages. One advantage is that it makes programs much easier to maintain and to modify. Any complex data structure can be represented in a variety of ways with the primitive data structures provided by a programming language. Of course, the choice of representation influences the programs that operate on it; thus, if the representation were to be changed at some later time, all such programs might have to be modified accordingly. This task could be time-consuming and expensive in the case of large programs unless the dependence on the representation were to be confined by design to a very few program modules.
For example, an alternate way to address the problem of reducing rational numbers to lowest terms is to perform the reduction whenever we access the parts of a rational number, rather than when we construct it. This leads to different constructor and selector functions:
The difference between this implementation and the previous one lies in when we compute the gcd. If in our typical use of rational numbers we access the numerators and denominators of the same rational numbers many times, it would be preferable to compute the gcd when the rational numbers are constructed. If not, we may be better off waiting until access time to compute the gcd. In any case, when we change from one representation to the other, the functions add_rat, sub_rat, and so on do not have to be modified at all.
Constraining the dependence on the representation to a few interface functions helps us design programs as well as modify them, because it allows us to maintain the flexibility to consider alternate implementations. To continue with our simple example, suppose we are designing a rational-number package and we can't decide initially whether to perform the gcd at construction time or at selection time. The data-abstraction methodology gives us a way to defer that decision without losing the ability to make progress on the rest of the system.
function print_point(p) { display("("); display(x_point(p)); display(","); display(y_point(p)); display(")"); }


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Informasi kegiatan Bakti Kampus anda
:
- Kode Tim : Timtam
- Kormanit : Bambang
- Tanggal : 14-06-2019
- Waktu : 10.00 WIB
- Lokasi : Sungai Code


modules package¶
Submodules¶
modules.ascent_processor module¶
modules.config module¶
modules.csv_to_db module¶
-
class
modules.csv_to_db.
DataBase
(db_name)¶ Bases:
object
Class, that represents the database
-
create_table
()¶
-
execute_selection_by_country
(country)¶ Method for getting all the mountains and ascents of the certain country, that is being chosen by user. :param country: str: name of the country :return: cursor object: object, that is needed for future work with db connection
-
execute_selection_by_difficulty
(country, diff)¶
-
get_all_countries
()¶
-
insert_to_table
()¶ Method for inserting data into table :return:
-
merge_columns
(row)¶ method to get full name of ascent as a string :param row: string :return: string
-
static
page_increment
(num)¶
-
modules.exceptions module¶
-
exception
modules.exceptions.
EmptyUrl
(msg)¶ Bases:
modules.exceptions.ParserException
Exception, raised if url is empty
-
exception
modules.exceptions.
ParserException
(msg)¶ Bases:
Exception
modules.main_parser module¶
-
modules.main_parser.
format_title
(bs_obj)¶ Function for getting the ascent title and its path in the readable representation :param bs_obj: bs4 - the table, that contains only the needed html tags :return: list
-
modules.main_parser.
get_ascent_difficulty
(bs_obj)¶ gets the ascent difficulty: Considering the fact, that some countries have their own grading, this data is important :param bs_obj: BeautifulSoup object :return: str
-
modules.main_parser.
get_ascent_type
(bs_obj)¶ gets the ascent style: Boulder, Mixed, Trad it will be useful for future difficulties classification and their representation :param bs_obj: BeautifulSoup object :return: str
-
modules.main_parser.
get_lat_lon
(bs_obj)¶ Function for getting latitude and longitude of each ascent and mountain :param bs_obj: Beautiful_soup object :return: list - list of coords
-
modules.main_parser.
main_parser
(html)¶ function to process all needed data call other minor functions :param html: html contents of the web-site :return: None
-
modules.main_parser.
page_increment
(num)¶
-
modules.main_parser.
url_processor
(page)¶ Function for sending requests to certain url to get the web-page contents # >>> print(type(url_processor(1))) # <class ‘bytes’> :param page: int - number of page in query parameter :return: bytes - web-page contents
-
modules.main_parser.
write_to_file
(title, style, difficulty, category, location)¶ write all the data to the .csv file :param title: list :param style: str :param difficulty: str :param category: str :param location: str :return:
modules.map_generator module¶
-
modules.map_generator.
create_map
(mountain_coords, shop_coords, route_name)¶ Function for creating a folium map :param mountain_coords: string :param shop_coords: string :return:
-
modules.map_generator.
get_mount_coords
(asc_id, db_path)¶ function for getting the latitude and longitude of the climbing route by making a request to database :param asc_id: int - identification of the ascent :param db_path: str - relative path to database :return:
-
modules.map_generator.
get_shop_coords
(mountain_coords, client_id, client_secret)¶
modules.process_data module¶
-
modules.process_data.
create_map
(mountain_coords, shop_coords)¶ Function for creating folium map :param mountain_coords: string :param shop_coords: string :return: None
-
modules.process_data.
get_mount_coords
(asc_id)¶
-
modules.process_data.
get_shop_coords
(mountain_coords)¶


| Active ingredients (in each tablet) |
Purposes |
|
| Ibuprofen 200 mg (NSAID)*
|
Pain reliever/fever reducer |
| Phenylephrine HCl 10 mg |
Nasal decongestant |
Uses
- temporarily relieves these symptoms associated with the common cold or flu:
- headache
- fever
- sinus pressure
- nasal congestion
- minor body aches and pains
- reduces swelling of the nasal passages
- temporarily restores freer breathing through the nose
Warnings
Allergy alert
Ibuprofen may cause a severe allergic reaction, especially in people allergic to aspirin. Symptoms may include:
- hives
- facial swelling
- asthma (wheezing)
- shock
- skin reddening
- rash
- blisters
If an allergic reaction occurs, stop use and seek medical help right away.
Stomach bleeding warning
This product contains an NSAID, which may cause severe stomach bleeding. The chance is higher if you:
- are age 60 or older
- have had stomach ulcers or bleeding problems
- take a blood thinning (anticoagulant) or steroid drug
- take other drugs containing prescription or nonprescription NSAIDs [aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, or others]
- have 3 or more alcoholic drinks every day while using this product
- take more or for a longer time than directed
Do not use
- in children under 12 years of age because this product contains too much medication for children under this age
- if you have ever had an allergic reaction to any other pain reliever/fever reducer
- right before or after heart surgery
- if you are now taking a prescription monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) (certain drugs for depression, psychiatric, or emotional conditions, or Parkinson's disease), or for 2 weeks after stopping the MAOI drug. If you do not know if your prescription drug contains an MAOI, ask a doctor or pharmacist before taking this product
Ask a doctor before use if
- stomach bleeding warning applies to you
- you have problems or serious side effects from taking pain relievers or fever reducers
- you have a history of stomach problems, such as heartburn
- you have high blood pressure, heart disease, liver cirrhosis, kidney disease, asthma, thyroid disease, diabetes or have trouble urinating due to an enlarged prostate gland
- you are taking a diuretic
Ask a doctor or pharmacist before use if you are
- under a doctor's care for any serious condition
- taking any other product that contains phenylephrine or any other nasal decongestant
- taking aspirin for heart attack or stroke, because ibuprofen may decrease this benefit of aspirin
- taking any other drug
When using this product
- take with food or milk if stomach upset occurs
- the risk of heart attack or stroke may increase if you use more than directed or for longer than directed
Stop use and ask a doctor if
- you experience any of the following signs of stomach bleeding:
- feel faint
- vomit blood
- have bloody or black stools
- have stomach pain that does not get better
- pain gets worse or lasts more than 7 days
- fever gets worse or lasts more than 3 days
- nasal congestion lasts for more than 7 days
- symptoms continue or get worse
- redness or swelling is present in the painful area
- you get nervous, dizzy, or sleepless
- any new symptoms appear
If pregnant or breast-feeding, ask a health professional before use. It is especially important not to use ibuprofen during the last 3 months of pregnancy unless definitely directed to do so by a doctor because it may cause problems in the unborn child or complications during delivery.
Keep out of reach of children. In case of overdose, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away.
Directions
- do not take more than directed
- adults and children 12 years of age and over:
- take 1 tablet every 4 hours while symptoms persist.
- do not use more than 6 tablets in any 24-hour period unless directed by a doctor
- children under 12 years of age: do not use because this product contains too much medication for children under this age
Other information
- store at 20-25°C (68-77°F). Avoid excessive heat above 40°C (104°F).
- read all warnings and directions before use. Keep carton.
Inactive ingredients
acesulfame potassium, artificial flavor, carnauba wax, colloidal silicon dioxide, corn starch, croscarmellose sodium, glycerin, hypromellose, lactic acid, lecithin, maltodextrin, medium-chain triglycerides, microcrystalline cellulose, pharmaceutical ink, polydextrose, polyvinyl alcohol, pregelatinized starch, propyl gallate, sodium lauryl sulfate, stearic acid, sucralose, synthetic iron oxide, talc, titanium dioxide, triacetin, xanthan gum
Questions or comments?
Call weekdays from 9 AM to 5 PM EST toll free at 1-800-88-ADVIL
For most recent product information, visit www.advil.com
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 10 Tablet Blister Pack
Advil®
Sinus Congestion & Pain
Ibuprofen 200 mg /
Phenylephrine HCl 10 mg
See warnings before use.
Pfizer, Madison, NJ 07940 USA
PEEL & PUSH
AREA FOR EXP. & LOT
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 20 Tablet Blister Pack Carton
CONTAINS:
Ibuprofen & Phenylephrine
Advil®
SINUS CONGESTION & PAIN
Ibuprofen 200 mg Pain Reliever/Fever Reducer (NSAID)
Phenylephrine HCl 10 mg Nasal Decongestant
1
TABLET
DOSAGE
NON-DROWSY relief of: Sinus Pressure,
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Reviewed by Vince Yim
Based on the critically acclaimed "Batman: The Killing Joke" by Alan Moore, the ultimate villain in the Batman gallery of rogues, The Joker (played by Jack Nicholson), is on a crime rampage in an attempt to drive Commissioner Gordon (played by Sam Elliot) to the brink of insanity. Constantly terrorizing him, his acts culminate to invading the Gordon household and brutally shooting Batgirl's alter ego, Barbara Gordon (played by Alicia Silverstone), severing her spinal column and effectively ending her career as a costumed crime fighter. Batman (played by Alec Baldwin) is on the case in an attempt to bring the madman down by any means possible.
Oh...sorry, I must have lost my train of thought there.
In one of the worst comic book adaptations to date, director Joel Schu-hack-her effectively destroyed the Batman film franchise, caused a slump in sales of Batman comic books, and cost me $5 CDN. The film is so horrible, it made the direct-to-video Marvel films (The Punisher, Captain America) look like genius by comparison. The film is so cheesily contrived, it made Howard the Duck look like Star Wars. The film's dialogue is so bad that it makes Jean Claude Van Damme's dialogue look like it was written by Quentin Tarantino.
But enough venting. Here is exactly what is wrong with this film.
1: The characters. Tim Burton's Batman (1989) and Batman Returns (1991) each featured a manageable three core characters (Batman, Joker, Vicky Vale, and Batman, Catwoman, Penguin, respectively). Batman Forever (1994) featured five (Batman, Robin, TwoFace, Riddler, Chase Meridian). Batman and Robin featured the most (Batman, Robin, Batgirl, Mr. Freeze, Poison Ivy, Bane, Generic Love Interest). While some film franchises do succesfully add characters (Lethal Weapon, for one), it is due to the fact that the characters are familiar. With all these characters venting their excess baggage, it is impossible to get any feel for the characters. Which brings me to...
2: Faithfulness to the source medium. Bane was supposed to be the most deadly Batman villain of all, paralyzing Batman from the waist down and temporarily ending his crime fighting career. Instead of being Batman's intellectual and physical superior, he is reduced to a monosyllabic buffoon in the film, who's dialogue consists of "Bomb...bomb...bomb..." (or, perhaps he was referring to the box office reciepts). Batgirl was supposed to be the daughter of Commissioner Gordon who originally wore the costume for a Hallowe'en party. Instead, she becomes Batgirl after finding a CD-Rom with the Batman's secrets on it. Don't even mention the fact that Bane uses the "Super Soldier Serum" (does the name "Captain America" ring a bell?).
3: Overall tone. Apart from the characters, the film has absolutely nothing to do with the current issues of Batman being put out. Gone is the dark, gothic tone of the comics, replaced by the gaudy colours of the 1960's television show with Adam West. Joel Shu-hack-her seems to have failed to realize that comic books have since grown up, and so has the audience.
4: Dialogue. I had to bite my tongue to prevent myself from heckling the dialogue (ie: Bruce Wayne says, "There are things about me you don't know...", to which I respond, "HE'S GOT A THING FOR GERBILS!").  "Let's kick some ice!" "Chill..." "Kill the heroes!" "It's the hockey team from hell!" A comic book written by Rob Liefeld (the much maligned artist and writer, formerly of Image comics) has smarter dialogue than that.
5: Action sequences. Schwarzenegger and Clooney were given thirty pound costumes that severely restricted their movement and made fight scenes virtually impossible. So, in lieu of real fight choreography, the audience is given quick editing to give the illusion of a fast and furious fist fight. NOT. Choppy editing is no substitute for real fight choreography.
6: "Humor". Batman flashes a credit card and says, "Gotham Express, don't leave home without it." Robin repeats a line from the previous film, "Chicks dig the car, right?"  Batgirl finds out all of Batman's secrets, to which Robin comments, "I guess we're going to have to kill her." This was intended as humorous, I merely groaned. Loudly. The only time I really laughed was when Dr. Fries (by Arnold Schwarzenegger) falls off a ledge into a vat of chemicals and screams on the way down. Unfortunately, I don't think that was intended to be funny.
7: Marketability over substance. Sure enough, the film cost over $100M to make, much of which was used to pay the big named actors' astronomical salaries. It's got a hot new soundtrack with tunes by Smashing Pumpkins. It's got a bunch of t-shirts to be made from it. But with that much money, they could have made a much better film.
8: The gratuitous crotch, ass, and breast shots. There are two completely unnecessary sequences where Batman and Robin (at the beginning) and Batgirl (near the end) are getting into costume. The camera focuses on butts, crotches, and breasts, successfully causing me to STOP enjoying the film. As soon as I saw Chris O'Donnel and George Clooney's vinyl covered asses on sceen, I felt the sudden impulse to run screaming from the theatre. Unfortunately, I would have had no way of getting home if I did (I was with friends at the time).
Surely enough, I'm not the only one who felt this way, as poor reviews and word of mouth promptly sunk this film's grosses, causing it to barely recoup its budget and marketing costs, and causing Warner Brothers to consider dumping the franchise, as well as the Superman franchise.
Later on, Joel Schumacher would go on to blame the film's lackluster success on the "unpoliced internet" and on the die hard comic book fans who didn't embrace the lack of faithfulness to the original source medium. George Clooney would later blame himself for the film's demise at the box office and the destruction of the Bat-Franchise. Judging on who the two lead players of the film choose to lay blame, the one who the audience can lay blame on is obvious. --
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American Airlines switches to email for overbooking notices
by Robert CurleyAmerican Airlines is adding a degree of automation to the procedures it uses to get travellers to change their travel plans when flights are overbooked, the Phoenix Business Journal reports.
In the past, the airline would call passengers on overbooked flights to dangle offers of compensation in exchange for changing flights. If the initial round of appeals was not successful, airline representatives would call back with progressively more generous offers until the overbooking situation was relieved.
“It didn’t allow us as airlines to be able to reach as many customers as we’d like,” said Julie Rath, vice president of customer experience, innovation and delivery at American Airlines.
“We want to reach every customer, if at all possible, prior to getting to the airport so that we’re valuing the customer’s time.”
The airline’s new Overbooked Flight Automation tool allows customers to be contacted via email or American’s travel app to alert them of available overbooking incentives. The airline also plans to change its incentive program next year, offering travellers the choice of receiving travel vouchers for changing flights (as is the current practice) or taking compensation in the form of AAdvantage frequent flyer miles.


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The license on the structured data of each SpecialAnnouncement markup may be specified in the field sdLicense. Each publisher may have their own license terms for content on their website. Please refer to the website of the publisher.
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Contents of this page:
Options:
Special Features:
Class modules are translated into Python code modules with a single class whose name is the nane of the VB class. By default, this class is a new style Python class (inherits from Object). All methods in the class are converted to unbound methods of the class. Properties are converted to Python properties but an error is raised if the property has both Let and Set decorators. Since Python has no equivalent of the Set keyword, the Property Set method is treated in the same way as a Property Let.
Attributes defined at the class level are assumed to be class attributes in the Python class. By default, the conversion respects the Public/Private scope of both attributes and methods but this can be disabled if desired.
VB(VBClassModule):
Public Name As String Public Age As Single Private ID As Long Public Sub checkAge() If Age = 0 Then Age = 1 End Sub ' Private Sub setUp() ID = Rnd() If ID = 0 Then setUp End Sub
Here are the options in the INI file:
[Classes] # Yes or No, whether to use new style classes for all classes UseNewStyleClasses = Yes
In addition to these specific options, some General options apply:
[General] # Yes or No, whether to respect Private status of variables RespectPrivateStatus = Yes # Prefix to use to tag data as private (Python normally uses __ but VB convention is m) PrivateDataPrefix = __ # Yes or No, whether to try to automatically extract docstrings from the code TryToExtractDocStrings = Yes
By default, all classes are created as new style Python classes (inheriting from Object). Old style classes can be created by setting the UseNewStyleClasses option to No.
VB(VBClassModule):
' VB2PY-GlobalSet: Classes.UseNewStyleClasses = No Public Name As String Public Age As Single Private ID As Long Public Sub checkAge() If Age = 0 Then Age = 1 End Sub ' Private Sub setUp() ID = Rnd() If ID = 0 Then setUp End Sub ' VB2PY-Unset: Classes.UseNewStyleClasses
Syntax: RespectPrivateStatus = Yes | No
By default, variables or methods defined as Private (which is the default in VB), will be marked as private in the Python module also. Private Python variables will be prefixed with a private marker (two underscores by default). Since Private is the default in VB, this can lead to a lot of hidden variables in the Python code. The RespectPrivateStatus option allows you to turn off the Private/Public switch.
VB(VBClassModule):
' VB2PY-GlobalSet: General.RespectPrivateStatus = No Public Name As String Public Age As Single Private ID As Long Public Sub checkAge() If Age = 0 Then Age = 1 End Sub ' Private Sub setUp() ID = Rnd() If ID = 0 Then setUp End Sub ' VB2PY-Unset: General.RespectPrivateStatus
Syntax: PrivateDataPrefix = prefix
If RespectPrivateStatus is set then each Private variable will be prefixed with the string specified by the PrivateDataPrefix option. By default this is two underscores, __, which means that Python will use name mangling to ensure that the names really are private. Changing this option allows names to converted to some other convention (eg m) which marks names but does not enforce privacy.
VB(VBClassModule):
' VB2PY-GlobalSet: General.PrivateDataPrefix = m Public Name As String Public Age As Single Private ID As Long Public Sub checkAge() If Age = 0 Then Age = 1 End Sub ' Private Sub setUp() ID = Rnd() If ID = 0 Then setUp End Sub ' VB2PY-Unset: General.PrivateDataPrefix
Syntax: TryToExtractDocStrings = Yes | No
If TryToExtractDocStrings is set then any contiguous block of comment lines found at the start of the module are interpretted as a docstring and added to the class definition. The docstring terminates with the first non-comment line.
VB(VBClassModule):
' VB2PY-GlobalSet: General.TryToExtractDocStrings = Yes ' This is the documentation for the module ' This line is also documentation ' So is this one ' And this is the last Public Name As String Public Age As Single Private ID As Long Public Sub checkAge() If Age = 0 Then Age = 1 End Sub ' Private Sub setUp() ID = Rnd() If ID = 0 Then setUp End Sub ' VB2PY-Unset: General.TryToExtractDocStrings
Property Let, Get and Set methods are grouped using Python 2.2's property decorator. The accessor functions are automatically called get<Name> and set<Name>. No checking is performed to ensure that these names do not collide with other class methods.
VB(VBClassModule):
Dim mName As String Dim mAge As Single Public Property Let Name(Value) mName = Value End Property ' Public Property Get Name() Name = mName End Property
If the VB class includes a Class_Initialize method, then this is translated to an __init__ method in the Python class.
VB(VBClassModule):
Dim mName As String Dim mAge As Single Public Sub Class_Initialize() mAge = 0 End Sub
If the VB class includes a Class_Terminate method, then this is translated to an __del__ method in the Python class. Although the Python __del__ method will be called upon object removal the exact details of when this is called are not guaranteed to match those in the VB program.
VB(VBClassModule):
Dim mObj As New Collection Public Sub Class_Terminate() Set mObj = Nothing End Sub


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EUR/JPY Technical Analysis: Euro sidelined against yen, trades near 120.15 level
by Flavio Tosti- This week, EUR/JPY is trading sideways near the 120.00 handle
- The level to beat for sellers is the 119.80 level.
EUR/JPY daily chart
EUR/JPY is trading in a bear trend below its 200-day simple moving average (DMA). The market is currently in correction mode after the October bull run as the spot stays limited below the 121.00 handle.
EUR/JPY four-hour chart
On the four-hour chart, the market is trading below the 120.46/64 resistance and the 100/200 SMAs. A break below 119.80 can lead to the 119.42 support level, according to Technical Confluences Indicator.
EUR/JPY 30-minute chart
The market is ranging this week with the price currently hovering near the 121.15 support level and below the main SMAs.
Additional key levels
EUR/JPY
| Overview | |
|---|---|
| Today last price | 120.12 |
| Today Daily Change | -0.11 |
| Today Daily Change % | -0.09 |
| Today daily open | 120.23 |
| Trends | |
|---|---|
| Daily SMA20 | 120.48 |
| Daily SMA50 | 119.57 |
| Daily SMA100 | 119.46 |
| Daily SMA200 | 121.8 |
| Levels | |
|---|---|
| Previous Daily High | 120.42 |
| Previous Daily Low | 119.84 |
| Previous Weekly High | 120.65 |
| Previous Weekly Low | 119.24 |
| Previous Monthly High | 121.48 |
| Previous Monthly Low | 117.07 |
| Daily Fibonacci 38.2% | 120.06 |
| Daily Fibonacci 61.8% | 120.2 |
| Daily Pivot Point S1 | 119.91 |
| Daily Pivot Point S2 | 119.59 |
| Daily Pivot Point S3 | 119.34 |
| Daily Pivot Point R1 | 120.48 |
| Daily Pivot Point R2 | 120.73 |
| Daily Pivot Point R3 | 121.05 |


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{% load hq_shared_tags %} {% load i18n %}
{% trans "Download" %} {% trans "CommCare from Google Play" %} {% trans "to your Android device." %}
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{% trans "Scan Application Barcode" %}
{% trans "Enter App Code" %}
{% trans "Enter app code on installation screen: " %}
{% blocktrans %}
(No app code available. If you would like to use an app code instead
of scanning the application barcode, try making another version.)
{% endblocktrans %}


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Member Function Documentation
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“The Jarley Ready Writing-Desk for Night Use, for instance, was a really remarkable conception. Its chief value lay in the saving of gas and midnight oil to impecunious writers which its use was said to bring about, and when fully equipped consisted simply of a writing-table with all the appliances and conveniences thereof treated with phosphorus in such a manner that in the blackest of darkness they could all be seen readily. The ink even was phosphorescent. The paper was luminous in the dark. The penholders, pens, pen-wipers, mucilage-bottle, everything, in fact, that an author really needs for the production of literature, save ideas, were so prepared that they could not fail to be visible to the weakest eye in the darkest night.” — John Kendrick Bangs, The Booming Of Acre Hill


If your data model has multiple tables, complex relationships, intricate calculations, multiple visuals, and redundant data, a potential exists for poor report performance. The poor performance of a report leads to a negative user experience.
To optimize performance, you must first identify where the problem is coming from; in other words, find out which elements of your report and data model are causing the performance issues. Afterward, you can take action to resolve those issues and, therefore, improve performance.
To achieve optimal performance in your reports, you need to create an efficient data model that has fast running queries and measures. When you have a good foundation, you can improve the model further by analyzing the query plans and dependencies and then making changes to further optimize performance.
You should review the measures and queries in your data model to ensure that you are using the most efficient way to get the results that you want. Your starting point should be to identify bottlenecks that exist in the code. When you identify the slowest query in the data model, you can focus on the biggest bottleneck first and establish a priority list to work through the other issues.
You can use Performance analyzer in Power BI Desktop to help you find out how each of your report elements are performing when users interact with them. For example, you can determine how long it takes for a particular visual to refresh when it is initiated by a user interaction. Performance analyzer will help you identify the elements that are contributing to your performance issues, which can be useful during troubleshooting.
Before you run Performance analyzer, to ensure you get the most accurate results in your analysis (test), make sure that you start with a clear visual cache and a clear data engine cache.
Visual cache - When you load a visual, you can't clear this visual cache without closing Power BI Desktop and opening it again. To avoid any caching in play, you need to start your analysis with a clean visual cache.
To ensure that you have a clear visual cache, add a blank page to your Power BI Desktop (.pbix) file and then, with that page selected, save and close the file. Reopen the Power BI Desktop (.pbix) file that you want to analyze. It will open on the blank page.
Data engine cache - When a query is run, the results are cached, so the results of your analysis will be misleading. You need to clear the data cache before rerunning the visual.
To clear the data cache, you can either restart Power BI Desktop or connect DAX Studio to the data model and then call Clear Cache.
When you have cleared the caches and opened the Power BI Desktop file on the blank page, go to the View tab and select the Performance analyzer option.
To begin the analysis process, select Start recording, select the page of the report that you want to analyze, and interact with the elements of the report that you want to measure. You will see the results of your interactions display in the Performance analyzer pane as you work. When you are finished, select the Stop button.
For more detailed information, see Use Performance Analyzer to examine report element performance..
You can review the results of your performance test in the Performance analyzer pane. To review the tasks in order of duration, longest to shortest, right-click the Sort icon next to the Duration (ms) column header, and then select Total time in Descending order.
The log information for each visual shows how much time it took (duration) to complete the following categories of tasks:
DAX query - The time it took for the visual to send the query, along with the time it took Analysis Services to return the results.
Visual display - The time it took for the visual to render on the screen, including the time required to retrieve web images or geocoding.
Other - The time it took the visual to prepare queries, wait for other visuals to complete, or perform other background processing tasks. If this category displays a long duration, the only real way to reduce this duration is to optimize DAX queries for other visuals, or reduce the number of visuals in the report.
The results of the analysis test help you to understand the behavior of your data model and identify the elements that you need to optimize. You can compare the duration of each element in the report and identify the elements that have a long duration. You should focus on those elements and investigate why it takes them so long to load on the report page.
To analyze your queries in more detail, you can use DAX Studio, which is a free, open-source tool that is provided by another service.
The results of your analysis will identify areas for improvement and opportunities for performance optimization. You might find that you need to carry out improvements to the visuals, the DAX query, or other elements in your data model. The following information provides guidance on what to look for and the changes that you can make.
If you identify visuals as the bottleneck leading to poor performance, you should find a way to improve performance with minimal impact to user experience.
Consider the number of visuals on the report page; less visuals means better performance. Ask yourself if a visual is really necessary and if it adds value to the end user. If the answer is no, you should remove that visual. Rather than using multiple visuals on the page, consider other ways to provide additional details, such as drill-through pages and report page tooltips.
Examine the number of fields in each visual. The more visuals you have on the report, the higher chance for performance issues. In addition, the more visuals, the more the report can appear crowded and lose clarity. The upper limit for visuals is 100 fields (measures or columns), so a visual with more than 100 fields will be slow to load. Ask yourself if you really need all of this data in a visual. You might find that you can reduce the number of fields that you currently use.
When you examine the results in the Performance analyzer pane, you can see how long it took the Power BI Desktop engine to evaluate each query (in milliseconds). A good starting point is any DAX query that is taking longer than 120 milliseconds. In this example, you identify one particular query that has a large duration time.
Performance analyzer highlights potential issues but does not tell you what needs to be done to improve them. You might want to conduct further investigation into why this measure takes so long to process. You can use DAX Studio to investigate your queries in more detail.
For example, select Copy Query to copy the calculation formula onto the clipboard, then paste it into Dax Studio. You can then review the calculation step in more detail. In this example, you are trying to count the total number of products with order quantities greater than or equal to five.
Count Customers =
CALCULATE (
DISTINCTCOUNT ( Order[ProductID] ),
FILTER ( Order, Order[OrderQty] >= 5 )
)
After analyzing the query, you can use your own knowledge and experience to identify where the performance issues are. You can also try using different DAX functions to see if they improve performance. In the following example, the FILTER function was replaced with the KEEPFILTER function. When the test was run again in Performance analyzer, the duration was shorter as a result of the KEEPFILTER function.
Count Customers =
CALCULATE (
DISTINCTCOUNT ( Order[ProductID] ),
KEEPFILTERS (Order[OrderQty] >= 5 )
)
In this case, you can replace the FILTER function with the KEEPFILTER function to significantly reduce the evaluation duration time for this query. When you make this change, to check whether the duration time has improved or not, clear the data cache and then rerun the Performance analyzer process.
If the duration of measures and visuals are displaying low values (in other words they have a short duration time), they are not the reason for the performance issues. Instead, if the DAX query is displaying a high duration value, it is likely that a measure is written poorly or an issue has occurred with the data model. The issue might be caused by the relationships, columns, or metadata in your model, or it could be the status of the Auto date/time option, as explained in the following section.
You should review the relationships between your tables to ensure that you have established the correct relationships. Check that relationship cardinality properties are correctly configured. For example, a one-side column that contains unique values might be incorrectly configured as a many-side column. You will learn more about how cardinality affects performance later in this module.
It is best practice to not import columns of data that you do not need. To avoid deleting columns in Power Query Editor, you should try to deal with them at the source when loading data into Power BI Desktop. However, if it is impossible to remove redundant columns from the source query or the data has already been imported in its raw state, you can always use Power Query Editor to examine each column. Ask yourself if you really need each column and try to identify the benefit that each one adds to your data model. If you find that a column adds no value, you should remove it from your data model. For example, suppose that you have an ID column with thousands of unique rows. You know that you won't use this particular column in a relationship, so it will not be used in a report. Therefore, you should consider this column as unnecessary and admit that it is wasting space in your data model.
When you remove an unnecessary column, you will reduce the size of the data model which, in turn, results in a smaller file size and faster refresh time. Also, because the dataset contains only relevant data, the overall report performance will be improved.
For more information, see Data reduction techniques for Import modeling.
Metadata is information about other data. Power BI metadata contains information on your data model, such as the name, data type and format of each of the columns, the schema of the database, the report design, when the file was last modified, the data refresh rates, and much more.
When you load data into Power BI Desktop, it is good practice to analyze the corresponding metadata so you can identify any inconsistences with your dataset and normalize the data before you start to build reports. Running analysis on your metadata will improve data model performance because, while analyzing your metadata, you will identify unnecessary columns, errors within your data, incorrect data types, the volume of data being loaded (large datasets, including transactional or historic data, will take longer to load), and much more.
You can use Power Query Editor in Power BI Desktop to examine the columns, rows, and values of the raw data. You can then use the available tools, such as those highlighted in the following screenshot, to make the necessary changes.
The Power Query options include:
Unnecessary columns - Evaluates the need for each column. If one or more columns will not be used in the report and are therefore unnecessary, you should remove them by using the Remove Columns option on the Home tab.
Unnecessary rows - Checks the first few rows in the dataset to see if they are empty or if they contain data that you do not need in your reports; if so, it removes those rows by using the Remove Top Rows option on the Home tab.
Data type - Evaluates the column data types to ensure that each one is correct. If you identify a data type that is incorrect, change it by selecting the column, selecting Data Type on the Transform tab, and then selecting the correct data type from the list.
Query names - Examines the query (table) names in the Queries pane. Just like you did for column header names, you should change uncommon or unhelpful query names to names that are more obvious or names that the user is more familiar with. You can rename a query by right-clicking that query, selecting Rename, editing the name as required, and then pressing Enter.
Column details - Power Query Editor has the following three data preview options that you can use to analyze the metadata that is associated with your columns. You can find these options on the View tab, as illustrated in the following screenshot.
Column quality - Determines what percentage of items in the column are valid, have errors, or are empty. If the Valid percentage is not 100, you should investigate the reason, correct the errors, and populate empty values.
Column distribution - Identifies how many distinct items you have and how many are unique. This information is useful when you want to identify the cardinality of a column. You will investigate this further later in this module.
Column profile - Shows more statistics for the column and a chart showing the distribution of the unique items.
Note
If you are reviewing a large dataset with more than 1,000 rows, and you want to analyze that whole dataset, you need to change the default option at the bottom of the window. Select Column profiling based on top 1000 rows > Column profiling based on entire data set.
Other metadata that you should consider is the information about the data model as a whole, such as the file size and data refresh rates. You can find this metadata in the associated Power BI Desktop (.pbix) file. The data that you load into Power BI Desktop is compressed and stored to the disk by the VertiPaq storage engine. The size of your data model has a direct impact on its performance; a smaller sized data model uses less resources (memory) and achieves faster data refresh, calculations, and rendering of visuals in reports.
Another item to consider when optimizing performance is the Auto date/time option in Power BI Desktop. By default, this feature is enabled globally, which means that Power BI Desktop automatically creates a hidden calculated table for each date column, provided that certain conditions are met. The new, hidden tables are in addition to the tables that you already have in your dataset.
The Auto date/time option allows you to work with time intelligence when filtering, grouping, and drilling down through calendar time periods. We recommend that you keep the Auto date/time option enabled only when you work with calendar time periods and when you have simplistic model requirements in relation to time.
If your data source already defines a date dimension table, that table should be used to consistently define time within your organization, and you should disable the global Auto date/time option. Disabling this option can lower the size of your data model and reduce the refresh time.
You can enable/disable this Auto date/time option globally so that it applies to all of your Power BI Desktop files, or you can enable/disable the option for the current file so that it applies to an individual file only.
To enable/disable this Auto date/time option, go to File > Options and settings > Options, and then select either the Global or Current File page. On either page, select Data Load and then, in the Time Intelligence section, select or clear the check box as required.
For an overview and general introduction to the Auto date/time feature, see Apply auto date/time in Power BI Desktop.


Dear friend, Greetings and compliments to you. I am writing you this mail with an ardent hope that you will consider the message contained in it and respond accordingly.before I proceed I will like to introduce myself : i am MR Shadak Shari an indian by nationality and I Am the catholic nusateure to and Asia and the world at large I am contacting you for a hand of partnership in disbussing my wealth worth $8milliom( eight million US dollars).I got your contact through a personal search on the internet.I beleive that though we have not met before, with mutual cooperation we would be able toestablish the necessary trust needed for the execution of this project.I decided to with hold some informations in this mail for security reasons. I will give you just a brief of the details of this transaction now but as soon as we have been able to establish some trust,I will give you the complete informations that is relevant to this transaction. A while ago,i acquainted with some plans to establish a project with helping the ophanange and old people home with equipments and facilities This i intended to do when i became the achbisop of african diaoses For this purpose ie set aside the sum of $8 million(eight million Us dollars) I seperated this funds intwo parts and deposited them in two different security companies.One in (China). (U. A.E)and the other in Europe.The one in U.A.E. ($2,million) was deposited in My name and the one In China was In My brothers name who is Dead now. is worth( $7million) while the other in Europe($6million)was deposited in the church name where i serve. It will be sad to let you know now that i have been in the hospital for the past three months now as i am sick with canser i sitll have the mind that one day i will die as my doctor said that it cannot be cured that it is of the harth I have the intention of retrieving one of the monies to enable us finalise My plans.This is why i contacted you.I want you to be my partner who will assist me in travelling to any of the above mentioned locations to effect the claim of the funds deposited there.I assure you that you will not encounter any problem in this help as i will appriopriately direct you on how to go about it.Also be assured that there is no risk involved in this venture.It is absolutely risk free.All that you need do is to adhere strictly to my instructions which I shall give you from time to time. I shall negotiate what shall be your commision in this deal.I just want you to be rest assured that you will be handsomely rewarded at the end of this project. Please do reply me immediately With your complete infomations your phone numbers direct contact . Fax if you are interested in assisting me in this help. you can reach me via my direct<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Please also note that this must be kept in absolute confidentiality for security reasons even if you are not interested. I await your response to this mail Best Regards Mr Shadak Shari ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This E-mail was sent through Albawaba E-mail. Get your own at mail.albawaba.com


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--- layout: documentation title: KillChainsType ---
| Field Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Kill_Chain1..n | KillChainType |
This field specifies a single kill chain definition for reference within specific TTP entries, Indicators and elsewhere. |