--- layout: post title: ! 'Lesson 0: Creating a typical Rails application' tags: - angularjs-rails status: publish type: post published: true meta: _edit_last: '1' cyberchimps_slider_image: '' cyberchimps_slider_hidetitle: '1' cyberchimps_slider_hidecaption: '1' ---
Abul Ala was born in Ma arra, Syria. He was a member of the Banu Sulayman, a notable family of Ma arra, belonging to the larger Tanukh tribe. His paternal great-great-grandfather had been the city's first qadi. Some members of the Bany Sulayman had also been noted as good poets. He lost his eyesight at the age of four due to smallpox.
Al-Ma arri was a controversial rationalist of his time, attacking the dogmas of religion rejecting the claim that Islam or any other religion possessed the truths they claim and considered the speech of prophets as a lie (literally, "forge") and (some of it) "impossible" to be true. He was equally sarcastic towards the religions of Muslims, Jews, and Christians. He was also a vegan who argued for animal rights.
Soften your tread. Methinks the earth s surface is but bodies of the dead, Walk slowly in the air, so you do not trample on the remains of God s servants.
If you are very familiar with using Rails, you can probably skip this lesson. This section details how we might have setup a Rails application in the past. In later lessons we'll strip out much of the functionality and replace it with AngularJS components. Let's generate a simple Rails application. This application will be demonstrate the standard way of building a web app using Rails. Our application will help us manage a simple blog, with support for login via Facebook, and AJAX-y editing of the blog. We'll use Twitter bootstrap to provide a nice style on top of our blog and an easy way to build a layout. Please read the prerequisites section if you don't have Ruby and/or Rails installed yet. This entire application is available on GitHub here: https://github.com/xrd/Slowgramming-Angular-Rails. You can compare your code to this if you find you have a mistake preventing you from proceeding. You'll notice links in this tutorial to the files as they appear within the GitHub repository, so you can verify your code with a guaranteed working version from the repository. There are two "branches" on the repository, one for the typical application, and another for the version after it has been converted to use AngularJS. Make sure you are on the "master" branch (which is the default). First, create a new Rails application. From a terminal window do this:rails new AngularRails cd AngularRailsOnce you have completed those two steps, you'll want to start editing the files. Using your editor, open the Gemfile, and add these lines to the end of it.
gem 'omniauth' gem 'omniauth-facebook' gem 'kaminari' gem 'haml-rails' gem 'therubyracer' gem 'less-rails' gem 'twitter-bootstrap-rails'Then, run the "bundle" command to install them. This might take a while as the system is installing any gems you don't have and loading them into the right place for your application to access. The gems we are using are:
rails generate bootstrap:install less rails g kaminari:configChange the file config/initializers/kaminari_config.rb so that the second line is uncommented (remove the "#" character from it) and change the 25 to a 10. It should look like this:
Kaminari.configure do |config| config.default_per_page = 10 # config.max_per_page = nil ...Then, delete the public/index.html file, which is generated automatically in any new Rails application and will not be used. This file provides a home page which we'll replace in a few steps. We've installed all the gems and other components we'll need and are now ready to build our application.
Rails.application.config.middleware.use OmniAuth::Builder do provider :facebook, APP_CONFIG['FACEBOOK_APP_ID'], APP_CONFIG['FACEBOOK_APP_SECRET'] endThen, add a file called config/initializers/app_config.rb
require 'yaml' path = File.join(Rails.root, 'config', 'application.yml') if File.exists? path yaml_data = YAML::load(ERB.new(IO.read(path)).result) APP_CONFIG = HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(yaml_data) end<Then, add a file called config/application.yml (this file is not in the GitHub repository because you never want to check in actual credentials to your repository, but this is a sample you can replace with your Facebook application credentials).
FACEBOOK_APP_ID:<PHONE_NUMBER>5555555555555 FACEBOOK_APP_SECRET: eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeffffffffffffffYou will want to replace the codes there with the codes from an actual Facebook application you will create. To create the Facebook application, go to https://developers.facebook.com/. You may need to setup a developer account if you have not done so already. Click on the "Apps" tab at the top of the page. Find the button marked "Create New App" which probably will be found at the top right corner of the page. You'll need this application to be uniquely named across all Facebook applications, so enter "XXX-AngularJS-Rails" (replacing XXX with your initials) into the "App Name" field and leave the rest blank and unchecked. You will probably need to enter in the proper captcha text to proceed on the next screen. Now, you'll see the application settings which you need to copy into the config/application.yml file. Lastly, you'll need to enable the application as a target for login. At the bottom of the section, find the "Website with Facebook Login" button, and click this so it appears like this, and then enter in http://angularjsrails.dev. Then click the "Save Changes" button to save your changes. Now that you have added the Facebook application and changed the config/application.yml file, you need to tell Rails to reload itself. The easiest way to do this (if you are using pow) is to type this command within a terminal window when you are in the directory where your application resides.
touch tmp/restart.txtThe touch command just modifies the timestamp of a file, which tells pow to reload the application entirely, including the configuration files, which are not normally reloaded each time to save time. This is a good last resort to try if something is not working with your rails application when you experience strange errors and are sure you are doing something correctly. Your application is now setup to use Facebook authentication with Omniauth. Let's put a link to login via Facebok into our application. Add this to your config/routes.rb file.
root :to => 'welcome#index'Add this to a file called app/controllers/welcome_controller.rb
class WelcomeController < ApplicationController def index end endThen, create a directory called "welcome" inside the app/views directory, and add a file with these contents to app/views/welcome/index.html.haml with this little snippet.
%h1 Hello from AngularJS and Rails.And, add this file to public/login.html
 Login via Facebook There are still some steps to finalize Facebook login, but if you go to angularjsrails.dev/auth/facebook you should be redirected to Facebook. You should see something like this: If you click "Go to App" you'll get an error because we have not done anything with the response yet. We'll do that now. Once omniauth completes its work with Facebook, it redirects back to a similar path on the application with "callback" appended. So, the route /auth/facebook returns to your app with /auth/facebook/callback. We need to setup a route to handle this request and then build a controller that can use this. Add these lines to the top of your config/routes.rb file
match '/auth/:provider/callback', to: 'authentication#create' match '/auth/failure', to: 'authentication#failure'Then, add this file to app/controllers/authentication_controller.rb
class AuthenticationController < ApplicationController def failure if Rails.env.development? raise request.inspect.to_yaml else render text: "Invalid login" end end def create omniauth = request.env['omniauth.auth'] raise omniauth.to_yaml end< endNow, hitting http://angularjsrails.dev/auth/facebook should go to Facebook, then redirect you back to your application. Omniauth will (behind the scenes) validate the response redirect from Facebook and then provide your application with the validated credentials. If everything is working correctly, you see this: This is an error, but one that we "raised" in the "create" method of our AuthenticationController, meaning that we expected this error. Now, let's use the credentials. Run this command from your terminal window.
rails generate scaffold User name:string uid:string provider:string email:stringThis command generates our User model. This command is a shortcut to generate the code, create a database migration to add this to the database, and a whole bunch of other handy code. I generally like to hand code each thing I'll need, but this is a quick way to provide an example of what we need. Migrate the database using this command:
rake db:migrateThen, modify your app/controllers/authentication_controller.rb file so that the create method looks like this:
def create omniauth = request.env['omniauth.auth'] u = User.find_or_create_by_email_and_uid( omniauth["info"]["email"], omniauth["uid"] ) do |u| u.name = omniauth["info"]["name"] u.provider = omniauth["provider"] end if u session[:user_id] = u.id end redirect_to root_path endThis code will take the information provided from Omniauth (originally from Facebook) and stick it into the database. Now, if you hit the login link you should see this: You've logged in. And, stored the crendentials in the database and in the session cookie. If you close the browser window and reopen it you'll see that you are not redirected to the login page (meaning our login is saved to the browser). And, we can access your information and display it on our page by changing the app/views/welcome/index.html.haml file to this:
%h1 Hello from AngularJS and Rails. == Welcome<EMAIL_ADDRESS>is our first example of HAML. This code creates a tag
 wrapped around the "Hello from AngularJS and Rails" and also "interpolates" the variable<EMAIL_ADDRESS>and puts the value into our template. Now after reloading the page you see this: This completes the omniauth section of the tutorial.
rails generate scaffold Post name:string user_id:integer rails generate scaffold Revision body:text post_id:integer user_id:integer rake db:migrate echo "gem 'faker', group: :development" >> Gemfile bundleThis will generate our posts and revisions models and add the faker gem (which can be used to generate fake data for us to play with).  First, we create a container around the entire output. This is a convention of the twitter bootstrap tool we added as a gem earlier. You will see it nicely centers and provides clean dimensions for our blog entries. Then we create two rows, one for the title, and one for the posts and revisions. Inside each row we use a tag called spanX, where X is either 12 or 6. Twitter bootstrap uses a grid divided into 12 sections, so the first row uses the entire section, and the second row divides the space between two columns, one which has the posts and a pager, and another column which has the revisions for the first post. We need to also change the controller code, so edit the file app/controllers/welcome_controller.rb to look like this:
class WelcomeController < ApplicationController def index @posts = @current_user.posts.order(:name).page params[:page] @first_post = @posts.first end endThis code uses the kaminari gem to page our posts for us. We also store the first post into a variable called @first_post. You can see those variables being used inside the index.html.haml file above. If you reload the page, you'll see something similar to this. It won't match exactly because the content is generated from the faker gem and this generates fake and unique data differently each time. You can jump around and see different pages by clicking on the pager links at the bottom of the post section. The right column displays the "revisions" for the first post displayed in the page on the left. We've now completed the first version of our Rails application. Now, let's add some dynamic AJAX functionality. If you don't know, AJAX stands for "Asynchronous JavaScript and XML" and allows a browser to provide a more dynamic and responsive interface. Fortunately, we don't need to know anything about XML to use these tools, even though the name might imply it!
AngularRails::Application.routes.draw do
resources :revisions
resources :posts do
resources :revisions
end
...
This line adds a "posts" resources, which means it adds routes (URL paths) into our application which are connected to our posts controller. The routes are there, and we can see them by running this command which shows the routes (and filters out anything but those which contain the strong "posts"):
$ rake routes | grep posts post_revisions GET /posts/:post_id/revisions(.:format) revisions#index POST /posts/:post_id/revisions(.:format) revisions#create new_post_revision GET /posts/:post_id/revisions/new(.:format) revisions#new edit_post_revision GET /posts/:post_id/revisions/:id/edit(.:format) revisions#edit post_revision GET /posts/:post_id/revisions/:id(.:format) revisions#show PUT /posts/:post_id/revisions/:id(.:format) revisions#update DELETE /posts/:post_id/revisions/:id(.:format) revisions#destroy posts GET /posts(.:format) posts#index POST /posts(.:format) posts#create new_post GET /posts/new(.:format) posts#new edit_post GET /posts/:id/edit(.:format) posts#edit post GET /posts/:id(.:format) posts#show PUT /posts/:id(.:format) posts#update DELETE /posts/:id(.:format) posts#destroyNow change the app/controllers/revisions_controller.rb file (this was automatically created with one of the "rails g" commands we ran earlier) so that the fifth line looks like this. The change is in red.
class RevisionsController < ApplicationController
# GET /revisions
# GET /revisions.json
def index
@revisions = params[:post_id] ? @current_user.posts.find( params[:post_id] ).revisions : Revision.all respond_to do |format|
...
Now, add these lines to the file app/assets/javascripts/revisions.js.coffee (which was also automatically generated earlier).
loadRevisions = (event) -> # Get the post, in case out click is inside it post = $(event.target) unless post.attr( 'class' ) == 'post' console.log "Jumping up to find post" post = $(event.target).parents('.post') post_id = post.attr('post_id') $.getJSON "posts/#{post_id}/revisions", (data, success) -> stuff = "" for item in data stuff += "
#{item.body}
Modification at #{item.created_at}

" $('.revisions').html( stuff ) $('.revision_title').html( "Revisions for " + $(event.target).find('.name').html() ) $ -> $('.posts .post').click loadRevisionsOK.


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Thought of the Day New Tab will show a random thought on your new tab page. The thought will change every day.
The thought may not change at night in your time zone, as it uses GMT.
This chrome extension was made by Eric Yooniverse at Yooniverse Games.
This chrome extension is open source, liscensed under the MIT liscense. View the repository on Github!
Have any thoughts that you want to be displayed? If you're familiar with Github, submit a pull request. Otherwise, email me your thoughts at Eric@yooniverse.games.


TABLE OF INTERACTIONS WITH
PHENOBARBITAL (AND, BY EXTRAPOLATION, PRIMIDONE)
From the French ANSM drug interactions document of September 2016, p. 175
PHENOBARBITAL (AND, BY EXTRAPOLATION, PRIMIDONE) CLASS CODE: N03AA-001 |
CHOLIC ACID RxNorm: 1440856 ATC: A05AA03 |
Antagonist effect of the barbiturate |
CONTRAINDICATION |
PHENOBARBITAL (AND, BY EXTRAPOLATION, PRIMIDONE) CLASS CODE: N03AA-001 |
CARBAMAZEPINE RxNorm: 2002 ATC: N03AF01 |
Progressive decrease of the plasma concentrations of carbamazepine and of its active metabolite without apparent modification of its anticonvulsive effectiveness |
Take into account Use prudence with respect to the interpretation of the plasma concentrations. |
PHENOBARBITAL (AND, BY EXTRAPOLATION, PRIMIDONE) CLASS CODE: N03AA-001 |
FELBAMATE RxNorm: 24812 ATC: N03AX10 |
Decrease of the plasma concentrations and of the effectiveness of the felbamate and increase of the plasma concentrations of the phenobarbital, with risk of overdose. |
Precaution for use Clinical monitoring and testing of the plasma concentrations of phenobarbital with adjustment of the dosage if needed. |
PHENOBARBITAL (AND, BY EXTRAPOLATION, PRIMIDONE) CLASS CODE: N03AA-001 |
FOLATES CLASS CODE: V03- B03 |
Decrease of the plasma concentrations of the phenobarbital, due to increase of its metabolism of which the folates represent one of the cofactors |
Precaution for use Clinical monitoring, testing of the plasma concentrations, and adjustment, if there is reason for it, of the dosage of the phenobarbital during the folic supplementation and after it is stopped. |
PHENOBARBITAL (AND, BY EXTRAPOLATION, PRIMIDONE) CLASS CODE: N03AA-001 |
IFOSFAMIDE RxNorm: 5657 ATC: L01AA06 |
Risk of increase of the neurotoxicity of the ifosfamide due to increase of its hepatic metabolism by the phenobarbital |
Not recommended |
PHENOBARBITAL (AND, BY EXTRAPOLATION, PRIMIDONE) CLASS CODE: N03AA-001 |
METOPROLOL RxNorm: 6918 ATC: C07AB02 C07FB02 C07CB02 C07BB02 |
Decrease of the plasma concentrations of the metoprolol with reduction of its clinical effects (increase of its hepatic metabolism) |
Take into account |
PHENOBARBITAL (AND, BY EXTRAPOLATION, PRIMIDONE) CLASS CODE: N03AA-001 |
PHENYTOIN (AND, BY EXTRAPOLATION, FOSPHENYTOIN) CLASS CODE: N03AB |
In cases of previous treatment with the phenobarbital or the primidone, and the addition of phenytoin, increase of the plasma concentrations of phenobarbital that can lead to toxic signs (inhibition of the metabolism by competition) In cases of previous treatment with the pheyntoin and the addition of phenobarbital or of primidone, unpredictable changes: --the plasma concentrations of phenytoin are most often decreased (increase of the metabolism) without this decrease affecting the anticonvulsant activity unfavorably. When the phenobarbital or the primidone is stopped, possibility of toxic effects of the phenytoin. --it can happen that the concentrations of phenytoin are increased (inhibition of the metabolism due to competition) |
Take into account |
PHENOBARBITAL (AND, BY EXTRAPOLATION, PRIMIDONE) CLASS CODE: N03AA-001 |
PROPRANOLOL RxNorm: 8787 ATC: C07AA05 |
Decrease of the plasma concentrations of the propranolol with reduction of its clinical effects (increase of its hepatic metabolism) |
Take into account |
PHENOBARBITAL (AND, BY EXTRAPOLATION, PRIMIDONE) CLASS CODE: N03AA-001 |
VALPROIC (ACID) AND, BY EXTRAPOLATION, VALPROMIDE CLASS CODE: N03AG0 |
Increase of the hyperammonemia with increased risk of encephalopathy |
Precaution for use Regular clinical and biological monitoring. |


The debt to equity ratio measures the relationship of debt to capital sources. The ratio of the dollars of debt per dollar of equity is determined. It shows the degree to which stockholders have a stake in the organization.
Debt to Equity = Total Debt/Total Stockholder Equity
The company's ability to meet long-term obligations is measured. From a creditor's point of view, the lower the ratio, the lower the risk of insolvency.


On this site, you can add your own Minecraft account to speed up the MineSkin skin generation.
You can also manage accounts you already registered.
MineSkin works by logging into Minecraft accounts & changing the skin in order to generate skin data signed by Mojang.
However, Mojang limits how often an account can change skins to about once every minute, so the more accounts MineSkin has available, the faster it can generate data.
If you add your account, MineSkin can change your account's skin and use it to generate skin data more frequently.
By adding your account, you agree that MineSkin will have access to your full account data, including email, password, etc..
Your password will be stored in the MineSkin database, but it will be encrypted first and cannot be read by humans (also in the improbable event of a database breach).
The skin of your account will be changed every couple of minutes in order to generate the skin data for MineSkin.
You can always remove or temporarily disable your account.


20 May 2005 - 21 May 2015
Date:
Friday, 20 May 2005 - Saturday, 21 May 2005
Duration:
1 day 1 hour
Recurrence:
Recurs every 3 months on the 2nd Last Friday until 22 May 2009 17:00:00 (17 occurrences)
Creation date: Friday, 20 May 2005 10:58:56 UTC


| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| CachedReuseVariables | |
| DataPartitioner |
This is the base class for all data partitioner.
|
| DataPartitionerLocal |
Partitions a given matrix into row or column partitions with a two pass-approach.
|
| DataPartitionerRemoteSpark |
MR job class for submitting parfor remote partitioning MR jobs.
|
| DataPartitionerRemoteSparkMapper |
NOTE: for the moment we only support binary block here
TODO extend impl for binarycell and textcell
Interface of Writable output in order to support both PairWritableBlock and PairWritableCell.
|
| DataPartitionerRemoteSparkReducer | |
| LocalParWorker |
Instances of this class can be used to execute tasks in parallel.
|
| LocalTaskQueue<T> |
This class provides a way of dynamic task distribution to multiple workers
in local multi-threaded environments.
|
| ParForBody |
Wrapper for exchanging parfor body data structures.
|
| ParWorker |
Super class for master/worker pattern implementations.
|
| RemoteDPParForSpark |
TODO heavy hitter maintenance
TODO data partitioning with binarycell
|
| RemoteDPParForSparkWorker | |
| RemoteParForJobReturn |
Wrapper for job return of ParFor REMOTE for transferring statistics and result symbol table.
|
| RemoteParForSpark |
This class serves two purposes: (1) isolating Spark imports to enable running in
environments where no Spark libraries are available, and (2) to follow the same
structure as the parfor remote_mr job submission.
|
| RemoteParForSparkWorker | |
| RemoteParForUtils |
Common functionalities for parfor workers in MR jobs.
|
| ResultMerge |
Due to independence of all iterations, any result has the following properties:
(1) non local var, (2) matrix object, and (3) completely independent.
|
| ResultMergeLocalAutomatic | |
| ResultMergeLocalFile |
TODO potential extension: parallel merge (create individual staging files concurrently)
NOTE: file merge typically used due to memory constraints - parallel merge would increase the memory
consumption again.
|
| ResultMergeLocalMemory |
Local in-memory realization of result merge.
|
| ResultMergeRemoteGrouping | |
| ResultMergeRemoteSorting | |
| ResultMergeRemoteSpark | |
| ResultMergeRemoteSparkWCompare | |
| ResultMergeTaggedMatrixIndexes |
This class serves as composite key for the remote result merge job
(for any data format) in order to sort on both matrix indexes and tag
but group all blocks according to matrix indexes only.
|
| Task |
A task is a logical group of one or multiple iterations (each iteration is assigned to exactly one task).
|
| TaskPartitioner |
This is the base class for all task partitioner.
|
| TaskPartitionerFactoring |
This factoring task partitioner virtually iterates over the given FOR loop (from, to, incr),
creates iterations and group them to tasks.
|
| TaskPartitionerFactoringCmax |
Factoring with maximum constraint (e.g., if LIX matrix out-of-core and we need
to bound the maximum number of iterations per map task -> memory bounds)
|
| TaskPartitionerFactoringCmin |
Factoring with minimum constraint (e.g., if communication is expensive)
|
| TaskPartitionerFixedsize |
This naive task partitioner virtually iterates over the given FOR loop (from, to, incr),
creates iterations and group them to tasks according to the given task size.
|
| TaskPartitionerNaive |
This static task partitioner virtually iterates over the given FOR loop (from, to, incr),
creates iterations and group them to tasks according to a task size of numIterations/numWorkers.
|
| TaskPartitionerStatic |
This static task partitioner virtually iterates over the given FOR loop (from, to, incr),
creates iterations and group them to tasks according to a task size of numIterations/numWorkers.
|
| Enum | Description |
|---|---|
| Task.TaskType |
Copyright © 2021 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.


| Total net profit | -131.73 | Gross profit | 15.28 | Gross loss | -147.01 |
| Profit factor | 0.1 | Expected payoff | -0.69 | ||
| Absolute drawdown | -131.73 | Maximal drawdown (%) | 130.97 (-17232.89%) | ||
| Total trades | 190 | Profit trades (% of total) | 22 (11.58%) | Loss trades (% of total) | 168 (88.42%) |
| Long positions (won %) | 126 (15.08%) | Short positions (won %) | 64 (4.69%) | ||
| Largest | profit trade | 2.11 | loss trade | -3.66 | |
| Average | profit trade | 0.69 | loss trade | -0.88 | |
| Minimum | profit trade | 0.0 | loss trade | -0.03 | |
| Maximum | take profit in pips | 381.5 | stop loss in pips | -289.7 | |
| Average | take profit in pips | 33.8 | stop loss in pips | -88.9 | |
| Minimum | take profit in pips | -86.5 | stop loss in pips | -27.9 | |
| Maximum | Reward-Risk | 8.1 | Duration in minutes | 583 | |
| Average | Reward-Risk | 0.7 | Duration in minutes | 34.2 | |
| Minimum | Reward-Risk | 0.0 | Duration in minutes | 0 | |
| Maximum | consecutive wins (profit in money) | 3.0 (1.29) | consecutive losses (loss in money) | 35.0 (-28.89) | |
| Average | consecutive wins | 1.0 | consecutive losses | 9.0 |
| Total net profit | -82.75 | Gross profit | 12.31 | Gross loss | -95.06 |
| Profit factor | 0.13 | Expected payoff | -0.66 | ||
| Absolute drawdown | -82.75 | Maximal drawdown (%) | 81.99 (-10788.16%) | ||
| Total trades | 126 | Profit trades (% of total) | 19 (15.08%) | Loss trades (% of total) | 107 (85.71%) |
| Largest | profit trade | 2.01 | loss trade | -3.66 | |
| Average | profit trade | 0.65 | loss trade | -0.89 | |
| Minimum | profit trade | 0.0 | loss trade | -0.03 | |
| Maximum | take profit in pips | 381.5 | stop loss in pips | -289.7 | |
| Average | take profit in pips | 24.7 | stop loss in pips | -97.0 | |
| Minimum | take profit in pips | -86.5 | stop loss in pips | -27.9 | |
| Maximum | Reward-Risk | 8.1 | Duration in minutes | 583.0 | |
| Average | Reward-Risk | 0.6 | Duration in minutes | 46.8 | |
| Minimum | Reward-Risk | 0.0 | Duration in minutes | 0.0 | |
| Maximum | consecutive wins (profit in money) | 3.0 (1.95) | consecutive losses (loss in money) | 22.0 (-17.78) | |
| Average | consecutive wins | 1.0 | consecutive losses | 8.0 |
| Total net profit | -48.98 | Gross profit | 2.97 | Gross loss | -51.95 |
| Profit factor | 0.06 | Expected payoff | -0.77 | ||
| Absolute drawdown | -48.98 | Maximal drawdown (%) | 48.57 (-11846.34%) | ||
| Total trades | 64 | Profit trades (% of total) | 3 (4.69%) | Loss trades (% of total) | 61 (95.31%) |
| Largest | profit trade | 2.11 | loss trade | -2.96 | |
| Average | profit trade | 0.99 | loss trade | -0.85 | |
| Minimum | profit trade | 0.18 | loss trade | -0.09 | |
| Maximum | take profit in pips | 172.5 | stop loss in pips | -246.1 | |
| Average | take profit in pips | 51.7 | stop loss in pips | -73.0 | |
| Minimum | take profit in pips | -25.4 | stop loss in pips | -28.2 | |
| Maximum | Reward-Risk | 4.2 | Duration in minutes | 224.0 | |
| Average | Reward-Risk | 0.9 | Duration in minutes | 9.3 | |
| Minimum | Reward-Risk | Duration in minutes | 0.0 | ||
| Maximum | consecutive wins (profit in money) | 1.0 (0.68) | consecutive losses (loss in money) | 32.0 (-25.67) | |
| Average | consecutive wins | 1.0 | consecutive losses | 16.0 |


DARKMAN A film review by Mark R. Leeper Copyright 1990 Mark R. Leeper
Capsule review: This film does not have gaps in its logic, it has gorges. Sam Raimi's transition from horror to science fiction shows up serious problems in his plotting. Five people wrote the screenplay, but it plays as if it were ten. And a bigger budget is pushing Raimi's visual sense to the pretentious. A sad disappointment after his EVIL DEAD II. Rating: -1.
Sam Raimi is a director who came from out of nowhere to become a major name in the horror film genre. His film EVIL DEAD (1983), produced on a shoestring, was nonetheless a very impressive debut. He had a lot of novel variations on what was basically a zombie film. Raimi's second film, EVIL DEAD II (1987), proved to be a terrifically inventive horror film with an amazing array of weird twists and visual playing. You have little idea watching EVIL DEAD II what is likely to happen next but you can be fairly sure it will further twist the horror film cliches into a knot. With DARKMAN Raimi is taking on the comic book superhero film and trying to twist it the way he twisted the zombie film in his previous efforts.
With DARKMAN, however, Raimi is telling a more complex story than before and it shows up weaknesses in his story-telling abilities. In fact, by making the short trip from horror/fantasy to what is basically science fiction, Raimi has managed to turn his greatest virtue into his greatest flaw. What was good about the EVIL DEAD films, particularly the sequel, was the feeling that just about anything could happen. That is the same feeling we get with DARKMAN, but it is a fault. As a fantasy, the EVIL DEAD films take place in a world of the supernatural. DARKMAN occurs in the world of the rational and it has a much more complex plot. With a rational film you have the right to observe that something does not make sense.
Liam Neeson plays Dr. Westlake, a scientist working on synthetic flesh a la 1932's DR. X. His girlfriend Julie Hastings (played by Frances McDormand) runs afoul of some particularly sadistic heavies and they horribly disfigure Westlake in an attempt to kill him. To treat Westlake, his doctors cut his pain sensors, a standard procedure operation that leaves Westlake with great strength and also makes him just a little mentally unbalanced. As his doctor (Jenny Agutter in a cameo) explains, this is pretty generally what the operation does. The first question to ask is why there are not a bunch of very strong people running around. Even if, as the doctor suggests, the vast majority of people who have the operation do not survive, wouldn't the few who do have the Darkman's strength?
Westlake, disfigured, then escapes and hides in sewers with perhaps more than just a slight tip of the hat to the 1943 PHANTOM OF THE OPERA. Eventually he finds a place and stocks it with very advanced scientific equipment. (How does he find such a nice place that is just abandoned? Where does he get the equipment? Who knows?) He uses his synthetic flesh to make computer-generated masks that are perfect replicas of people using only the information in a single photograph. (Bosh--he could not possibly get all the information he needs from so few photographs.) When he puts on the mask he can look so much like the other person as to fool even close associates. (How does he get the right voice? Assume the right stature?) Apparently after having built this laboratory with his own hands he suddenly discovers that all along his hands have been as badly destroyed as his face. (How could he do as much as he did without realizing the state of his hands?) The logic of DARKMAN is not just bad, it is shockingly bad.
The technical credits are somewhat better. The score by Danny Elfman is somewhat in his BATMAN style but stands fairly well on its own. With his first real budget, Raimi has managed a number of nice visual effects though at times he almost borders on being pretentious. One such touch has Hastings watching the death of her lover. First the background fades to a graveyard, then her clothing fades to a black mourning dress. A number of visual touches seem to borrow from ALTERED STATES. But there are also surprising visual gaffes such as shots shown in mirror image with tell-tale backwards lettering. At one point we see a truck with a clown smile face on it destroyed and seconds later we see it miraculously undestroyed. The tone of the film abruptly shifts to tongue-in-cheek toward the end, damaging the feeling.
DARKMAN has been getting some very favorable comment from critics. And I tried to turn my mind off and just enjoy the film. But I have to say DARKMAN did not do very much for me. I give it a -1 on the -4 to +4 scale.
Mark R. Leeper att!mtgzx!leeper<EMAIL_ADDRESS>.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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Public Member Functions | |
| reload_collection () | |
| insertElement ( $in_element, $in_before_index=-1, $dont_update=false) | |
| insertElements ( $in_element_array, $in_before_index=-1) | |
| deleteElements ( $in_first_index, $in_deletion_length) | |
| deleteElement ( $in_index) | |
| deleteThisElement ( $in_element) | |
| appendElement ( $in_element) | |
| appendElements ( $in_element_array) | |
| deleteAllChildren () | |
| indexOfThisElement ( $in_element) | |
| whosYourDaddy ( $in_element) | |
| areYouMyDaddy ( $in_element, $full_hierachy=true) | |
| map ( $in_function) | |
| recursiveMap ( $in_function, $in_hierarchy_level=0, $in_parent_object=NULL, $loop_stopper=Array()) | |
| count ( $is_recursive=false) | |
| children () | |
| children_ids ( $in_raw=false) | |
| set_children_ids ( $in_new_ids) | |
| who_are_my_parents () | |
| getHierarchy ( $loop_stopper=Array()) | |
Protected Member Functions | |
| _scrub () | |
| _set_up_container () | |
Protected Attributes | |
| $_container | |
| This contains instances of the records referenced by the IDs stored in the object. More... | |
This is a trait for the basic "collection" aggregator functionality.
Yes, I know that a lot of the code could do with some refactoring, and we should do that, but what we have here does work, and having pretty code is less important than having effective, tested, working code. We have a lot on our plate.
Definition at line 37 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
|
protected |
This is a "garbage collection" method. This checks each of the contained items, and removes the ID if the item does not actually exist (security is not taken into account, so it's an accurate check).
Definition at line 45 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
|
protected |
This method simply sets up the internal container from the object's tags. The tags already need to be loaded when this is called, so it should be called towards the end of the object's constructor.
Definition at line 73 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
Referenced by CO_User_Collection\load_from_db().
| tCO_Collection::appendElement | ( | $in_element | ) |
This appends one record to the end of the collection. The element cannot be already in the collection at any level, as that could cause a loop. The logged-in user must have write access to the collection object (not the data object) in order to add the item. You can opt out of the automatic database update.
| $in_element | The database record to add. |
Definition at line 383 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
| tCO_Collection::appendElements | ( | $in_element_array | ) |
This appends multiple elements (passed as an array). The logged-in user must have write access to the collection object (not the data object) in order to add the items.
| $in_element_array | An array of database element instances to be appended. |
Definition at line 396 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
| tCO_Collection::areYouMyDaddy | ( | $in_element, | |
$full_hierachy = true |
|||
| ) |
This takes an element, and checks to see if it already exists in our hierarchy (anywhere).
| $in_element | The element to check. This can be an array, in which case, each element is checked. |
| $full_hierachy | If false, then only this level (not the full hierarchy) will be searched. Default is true. |
Definition at line 473 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
| tCO_Collection::children | ( | ) |
This is an accessor for the child object array (instances). It should be noted that this may not be the same as the 'children' context variable, because the user may not be allowed to see all of the items.
Definition at line 591 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
Referenced by CO_User_Collection\delete_from_db().
| tCO_Collection::children_ids | ( | $in_raw = false | ) |
This is an accessor that returns a list of IDs for the direct children of this instance. This is "security vetted," so only IDs of children visible to the logged-in user are returned.
| $in_raw | This is only valid for "God Mode." If true, then the array is returned with no scrub, and no checks. |
Definition at line 606 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
| tCO_Collection::count | ( | $is_recursive = false | ) |
This counts the direct children of this collection, and returns that count. If recursive, then it counts everything inside, including owners. Remember that this is "security-aware." The collection may have children that are not visible to the current login.
| $is_recursive | If true, then this will also count all "child" collections. Default is false. |
Definition at line 564 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
Referenced by CO_User_Collection\is_god(), CO_User_Collection\set_tag(), and CO_User_Collection\set_tags().
| tCO_Collection::deleteAllChildren | ( | ) |
This deletes all children of the container. However, the container may have children we can't see, so we don't delete those. We only delete the ones we know about (which could be all of them).
Definition at line 408 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
| tCO_Collection::deleteElement | ( | $in_index | ) |
Deletes a single element, by its 0-based index (not recursive). It should be noted that this does not delete the element from the database, and it is not recursive.
| $in_index | The 0-based index of the element we want to delete. |
Definition at line 348 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
| tCO_Collection::deleteElements | ( | $in_first_index, | |
| $in_deletion_length | |||
| ) |
Deletes multiple elements from the collection. It should be noted that this does not delete the elements from the database, and it is not recursive. This is an atomic operation. If any of the elements can't be removed, then non of the elements can be removed. The one exception is that the deletion length can extend past the boundaries of the collection. It will be truncated.
| $in_first_index | The starting 0-based index of the first element to be removed from the collection. |
| $in_deletion_length | The number of elements to remove (including the first one). If this is negative, then elements will be removed from the index, backwards (-1 is the same as 1). |
Definition at line 279 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
References CO_CHAMELEON_Lang_Common\$co_collection_error_code_user_not_authorized, CO_CHAMELEON_Lang\$co_collection_error_desc_user_not_authorized, and CO_CHAMELEON_Lang\$co_collection_error_name_user_not_authorized.
| tCO_Collection::deleteThisElement | ( | $in_element | ) |
Deletes a single element, by its actual object reference (not recursive). It should be noted that this does not delete the element from the database, and it is not recursive.
| $in_element | The element we want to delete. |
Definition at line 360 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
| tCO_Collection::getHierarchy | ( | $loop_stopper = Array() | ) |
| $loop_stopper | This is used to prevent "hierarchy loops." As we descend into recursion, we save the collection ID here. If the ID shows up in a "lower" collection, we don't add that collection. This shouldn't happen anyway, as were're not supposed to have been able to add embedded collections, but we can't be too careful. There can only be one... |
Definition at line 683 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
| tCO_Collection::indexOfThisElement | ( | $in_element | ) |
| $in_element | The element we're looking for. |
Definition at line 433 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
| tCO_Collection::insertElement | ( | $in_element, | |
$in_before_index = -1 , |
|||
$dont_update = false |
|||
| ) |
This inserts one record to just before the indexed item (0-based index). If the index is -1, the length of the collection or larger, then the item will be appeneded. Collection elements cannot be already in the collection at any level, as that could cause a loop. We also don't allow duplicates of any instance in the same level of a collection. Only the first instance is retained. Subsequent copies are removed. The logged-in user must have write access to the collection object (not the data object) in order to add the item. You can opt out of the automatic database update.
| $in_element | The database record to add. |
| $in_before_index | The index of the element (in the current list) BEFORE which the insertion will be made. Default is -1 (append). |
| $dont_update | true, if we are to skip the DB update (default is false). |
Definition at line 102 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
References CO_CHAMELEON_Lang_Common\$co_collection_error_code_user_not_authorized, CO_CHAMELEON_Lang\$co_collection_error_desc_user_not_authorized, and CO_CHAMELEON_Lang\$co_collection_error_name_user_not_authorized.
| tCO_Collection::insertElements | ( | $in_element_array, | |
$in_before_index = -1 |
|||
| ) |
This inserts multiple records to just before the indexed item (0-based index). If the index is -1, the length of the collection or larger, then the items will be appeneded. Collection elements cannot be already in the collection at any level, as that could cause a loop. We also don't allow duplicates of any class in the same level of a collection. Only the first instance is retained. Subsequent copies are removed. The logged-in user must have write access to the collection object (not the data objects) in order to add the items. You can opt out of the automatic database update.
| $in_element_array | An array of database element instances to be inserted. |
| $in_before_index | The index of the element (in the current list) BEFORE which the insertion will be made. Default is -1 (append). |
Definition at line 182 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
References CO_CHAMELEON_Lang_Common\$co_collection_error_code_user_not_authorized, CO_CHAMELEON_Lang\$co_collection_error_desc_user_not_authorized, and CO_CHAMELEON_Lang\$co_collection_error_name_user_not_authorized.
| tCO_Collection::map | ( | $in_function | ) |
This applies a given function to each of the elements in the child list. The function needs to have a signature of function mixed map_func(mixed $item);
| $in_function | The function to be applied to each element. |
Definition at line 506 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
| tCO_Collection::recursiveMap | ( | $in_function, | |
$in_hierarchy_level = 0 , |
|||
$in_parent_object = NULL , |
|||
$loop_stopper = Array() |
|||
| ) |
This applies a given function to each of the elements in the child list, and any embedded (recursive) ones. The function needs to have a signature of function mixed map_func(mixed $item, integer $hierarchy_level, mixed $parent_object);
| $in_function | This is the function to be applied to all elements. |
| $in_hierarchy_level | This is a 0-based integer that tells the callback how many "levels deep" the function is. |
| $in_parent_object | This is the collection object that is the "parent" of the current array. |
| $loop_stopper | This is used to prevent "hierarchy loops." As we descend into recursion, we save the collection ID here. If the ID shows up in a "lower" collection, we don't add that collection. This shouldn't happen anyway, as were're not supposed to have been able to add embedded collections, but we can't be too careful. There can only be one... |
Definition at line 527 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
| tCO_Collection::reload_collection | ( | ) |
This method forces a reload of the collection data.
Definition at line 87 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
| tCO_Collection::set_children_ids | ( | $in_new_ids | ) |
This is a "God Mode-only" method that is used to wholesale replace the entire children array.
| $in_new_ids | This is an array of integers, with the IDs of new children. This entirely replaces the current array. |
Definition at line 640 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
| tCO_Collection::who_are_my_parents | ( | ) |
Definition at line 658 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
| tCO_Collection::whosYourDaddy | ( | $in_element | ) |
This takes an element, and returns its parent collection object (if available). This only checks the current collection and its "child" collection objects.
| $in_element | The element to check. |
Definition at line 445 of file tco_collection.interface.php.
|
protected |
This contains instances of the records referenced by the IDs stored in the object.
Definition at line 38 of file tco_collection.interface.php.


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I just discovered an awesome tutorial on blogdown written by Alison. I have to admit this is the best blogdown tutorial I have seen so far.


| Methods' Details |
attachResource
| boolean |
| attachResource( |
[in] string |
URL, |
| [in] sequence< ::com::sun::star::beans::PropertyValue > |
Arguments ); |
- Description
- informs a model about its resource description.
- Parameter URL
- specifies the ressource
- Parameter Arguments
- are optional arguments for that ressource
(see ::com::sun::star::document::MediaDescriptor)
- Returns
- true for success
false otherwise
|
|
getURL
- Description
- provides information about the location of this model
- Returns
- the URL of the resource which is represented by this model.
- See also
- XStorable::getLocation()
|
|
getArgs
- Description
- provides read acces on currently representation of the
::com::sun::star::document::MediaDescriptor
of this model which describes the model and his state
- Returns
- the arguments with which the model was originally created or
stored the last time.
|
|
connectController
| [oneway] void |
| connectController( |
[in] XController |
Controller ); |
- Description
- is called whenever a new controller is created for this model.
The ::com::sun::star::lang::XComponent interface
of the controller must be used to recognize when it is deleted.
- Parameter Controller
- a new controller for this model
- See also
- XModel::disconnectController()
|
|
disconnectController
| [oneway] void |
| disconnectController( |
[in] XController |
Controller ); |
- Description
- is called whenever an existing controller should be deregistered at this model.
The ::com::sun::star::lang::XComponent interface
of the controller must be used to recognize when it is deleted.
- Parameter Controller
- the existing controller which should be deregistered
- See also
- XModel::connectController()
|
|
lockControllers
| [oneway] void |
| lockControllers(); |
- Description
- suspends some notifications to the controllers which are used
for display updates.
The calls to XModel::lockControllers() and
XModel::unlockControllers() may be
nested and even overlapping, but they must be in pairs. While
there is at least one lock remaining, some notifications
for display updates are not broadcasted.
|
|
unlockControllers
| [oneway] void |
| unlockControllers(); |
- Description
- resumes the notifications which were suspended by
XModel::lockControllers().
The calls to XModel::lockControllers() and
XModel::unlockControllers() may be
nested and even overlapping, but they must be in pairs. While
there is at least one lock remaining, some notifications for
display updates are not broadcasted.
|
|
hasControllersLocked
| boolean |
| hasControllersLocked(); |
- Description
- determines if there is at least one lock remaining.
While there is at least one lock remaining, some notifications
for display updates are not broadcasted to the controllers.
- Returns
- true if any lock exist
false otherwise
|
|
getCurrentController
- Description
- provides access to the controller which currently controls this model
- Returns
- If the controller which is active is a controller of this model,
it will be returned. If not, the controller which was the last
active of this model is returned. If no controller of this model
ever was active, the controller first registered is returned. If no
controller is registered for this model, NULL is returned.
|
|
setCurrentController
- Description
- sets a registered controller as the current controller.
- Parameter Controller
- reference to an already existing connected controller, which should be
the new active one
- Throws
- com::sun::star::container::NoSuchElementException
if xController isn't an already connected controller on this model
|
|
getCurrentSelection
- Description
- provides read access on current selection on controller
- Returns
- the current selection in the current controller.
If there is no current controller, it returns NULL.
|
|
Copyright © 2013, The Apache Software Foundation, Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. Apache, the Apache feather logo, Apache OpenOffice and OpenOffice.org are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.


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Wales to begin Euro 2020 build-up with Austria friendly
The Dragons line-up against Italy, Switzerland and Turkey in Group A this summer.
Wales will start their Euro 2020 preparations with a home fixture against Austria on March 27.
The venue will be decided at a later date as Austria return to Wales for the first time since losing a World Cup qualifier 1-0 in Cardiff in September 2017.
“The Football Association of Wales is pleased to announce that the men’s national team will play an international friendly against Austria on Friday, 27 March 2020,” said an FAW statement.
“This will be Cymru’s first preparation match of the year ahead of the Euro 2020 finals in June where they will face Switzerland, Turkey and Italy in Group A.”
Ryan Giggs’ side booked their place at Euro 2020 – only Wales’ third major tournament in their history – by winning back-to-back games against Azerbaijan and Hungary last month to finish second behind Croatia in their qualifying group.
An FAW delegation is currently in Azerbaijan, where Wales will meet Switzerland and Turkey in their first two games of Euro 2020 before they play Italy in Rome.
The FAW are looking at potential training bases in the capital Baku ahead of their opening game in the pan-European tournament on June 13.
Austria are in Group C at Euro 2020 alongside Holland, Ukraine and one of the as yet undetermined play-off winners.


square
Businessmodel of Square
Customer Segments
Square has a mass market business model, with no significant differentiation between customer segments. The company targets its offerings at firms of all industries and sizes.
Value Proposition
Square offers seven primary value propositions: accessibility, price, convenience, customization, performance, risk reduction, and brand/status.
The company creates accessibility by enabling businesses of any size to easily accept card payments. The service is particularly beneficial for small firms and one-man shops. Clients can accept Visa, Discover, American Express, and MasterCard payments, as well as Android Pay, Apple Pay, EMV chip cards, and magstripe cards. Lastly, Square allows them to connect their existing service applications with its solution so they can sync price, item, and sales data.
The company offers a pricing value proposition. It offers its magnetic stripe card readers to businesses for free. Its charges for other readers but costs are low, and it provides bulk purchase discounts. Lastly, Square charges a single, low rate of 2.75% per card transaction – compared to typical payment processors that charge multiple fees, such as authorization, chargeback, statement, gateway, batch, PCI compliance, return, non-qualified, business card, international card, and early termination fees. The company offers no long-term contracts, no set-up fees, and hidden fees.
The company offers convenience by making its offering easy to use. It only takes a few minutes for businesses to sign up and no credit checks are required. Clients can see how their business is doing across their locations on their mobile devices through a Dashboard with a real-time reporting feature. Also, they do not have to wait long for payment – funds are usually deposited in a client’s bank account the following business day and can be deposited the same day for a 1% fee.
The company enables customization. Clients receive point-of-sale (POS) kits with guides that explain how to set up devices and software. The guides and kits are tailored by industry sub-sector (retail, food trucks, pop-up shops, salons/spas, bakeries/cafes, and bars/restaurants). Also, clients can use their Square data to develop custom apps.
The company has demosntrated strong performance through tangible results. It claims that clients that use its customer engagement tools for a given customer visit witness a spending rate on the next visit that is 20% higher than normal.
The company reduces risk by maintaining high satisfaction and security standards. It offers free 30-day returns for hardware purchases and a one-year limited warranty for Square Readers. It also encrypts transactions at the point-of-purchase, monitors money until it is deposited in the seller’s bank account, and ensures that all of its software and hardware follow PCI data security standards.
The company has established a powerful brand due to its success. Its clients processed $35.6 billion in 2015, representing 712 million card payments from 190 million cards. Also, approximately 50% of of independent businesses in the U.S. now have access to its Square Payroll solution.
Channels
Square’s main channels are its direct sales team and its website. The company promotes its offerings through its social media pages, search engine marketing, display advertising, radio and TV advertising, print media, direct mail campaigns, and trade shows and events.
Customer Relationships
Square’s customer relationship is primarily of a self-service nature. Clients utilize its products while having limited interaction with employees. The company’s website provides guides for their point-of-service kits that explain what to do in detail and enable rapid set-up. It also features a Support Center that includes articles, videos, and tips.
Despite this orientation, there is a personal assistance component in the form of phone, e-mail, and social media support. The company provides 24/7 support for larger businesses. There is also a community element in the form of a forum for clients.
Key Activities
Square’s business model entails designing and developing its software and hardware for clients.
Key Partners
Square utilizes third-party contract manufacturers for the production of its hardware products. The company also maintains the following types of partnerships:
Payment Process Partners - The various entities that facilitate the payment transactions process:
- Payment Service Providers (PSPs) – Facilitate payment transactions on behalf of the seller; the merchant of record for the transaction.
- Acquiring Processor - Provides the back-end technology that facilitates the flow of payment information through the Card Networks to the Issuing Bank.
- Card Networks – Provide the infrastructure for card payment information to flow from the Acquiring Bank to the Acquiring Processor.
- Issuing Bank - The financial institution that issues the Buyer’s payment card.
-
Acquiring Bank - The financial institution associated with the Acquiring Processor. General Partners - The company maintains the Square Partner Program, which includes the following partner types:
- Financial Institutions – Provide their members with Square’s business management solutions.
- Business Solution Providers – Bundle their services with Square’s to obtain more clients.
- Advisory Bodies – Introduce companies to Square through their associations/SMB services. Program members receive sales and support services, educational materials, a co-branded website, and exclusive access to new offerings. Eligible partners also obtain compensation for deploying Square’s solutions for their clients. Specific partners include Navy Federal, Gravity Payments, AMTA, Nav, and LTPA.
Event Partners - Square partners with the organizers of various major events (e.g., sports events, festivals, concert tours) to provide vendors with its devices and train them on usage. Specific partners include Coachella, Stagecoach, Red Frog Events, Best Beverage Catering, NASCAR Sprint Cup Series, Canuck Place Children’s Hospice, Pride Toronto, C2MTL, and Alberta Beer Festivals.
Referral Partners - Square maintains the Free Processing Program, through which it invites clients to refer their acquaintances to join it. For each lead that activates an account through the referring client’s link, the client receives reimbursements on processing fees up to $1,000 in sales for the following 180 days (six months). Upon activation, the acquaintances will receive $1,000 in free processing, and clients‘ Square balances are credited with the transaction fee.
Key Resources
Square’s main resources are its human resources, who include the engineering employees that design and develop its software and hardware and the customer service employees that provide support.
As a startup it has relied heavily on funding from outside parties, raising $590.5 million from 39 investors as of March 2015.
Lastly, it places a high priority on its intellectual property, with 133 issued patents and 493 filed patent applications in the U.S. as of December 2015.
Cost Structure
Square has a cost-driven structure, aiming to minimize expenses through significant automation and low-price value propositions.
Its biggest cost driver is cost of revenue, a fixed expense that includes transaction, software, and hardware costs. Other major drivers are in the areas of product development, sales/marketing, and administration, all fixed costs.
Revenue Streams
Square has two revenue streams:
- Product Revenues – Revenues generated from the sale of hardware products such as readers and software tools such as programs for employee and location management and payroll.
- Transaction Revenues – Revenues generated from fees charged for payment processing. Square charges 2.75% for each card transaction; however, if a client’s annual sales exceed $250,000 it works with the client to design a customized rate. Account for 94% of overall revenues.


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