First and foremost, I’m not a designer and I don’t make a living or any profit out of these awesome tools but due to the hobby development, they are casually needed for some practices and work modification here and there. Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator is the golden duo that most of the graphic designers relying on if you cannot live without them the best idea is to pay for it. Support the product that makes some real cash for you is the best way to encourage its healthy growth at the same save up a lot of headaches pirating it.
The ultimate Adobe Suite pirating tool: CCMaker
Get them via the link below or any sources that you find reliable:
https://www.reddit.com/r/MSToolkit/comments/89zowg/ccmaker_v136_download/
Some notes to take before installing the download:
- Be extra cautious when choosing the sources to download, the Reddit link above is reputable enough.
- Always check against the checksums of the downloaded files with the hash provided from the sources. Be careful if the source did not provide one. HashCheck is one of the most convenient tools I ever used for checksum purpose.
- Most anti-virus is likely to detect the file as a threat due to the false positive algorithm.
CCMaker let users download all the versions of different Adobe products and install it and finally, authenticate/crack it with the famous AMTEmu which is a software protection emulator specially tailored-made to get rid of the authorization mechanism of Adobe programs. In other words, AMTEmu can work without CCMaker at all provided you can source the authentic AMTEmu program from the Internet which is difficult nowadays as I couldn’t locate one myself. With the standalone AMTEmu, you can go to the official Adobe and download all the products you want and crack them with this tool. This way you are likely to bypass the risk of a funny altered version of Adobe version.
I would just stick with CCMaker for the ultimate convenience and reputation. And the only bad thing is that it is not open source, I gotta trust someone that this tool is not gamed before my download. If you are extremely paranoid but do not wish to spare the expensive Adobe subscription fee, get the CCMaker and use it in a virtual machine.
This page is synchronized from the post: ‘Piracy with conscious: Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator’


| 006:116 Khan | : |
And if you obey most of those on earth, they will mislead you far away from Allah's Path. They follow nothing but conjectures, and they do nothing but lie. |
| 006:116 Maulana | : |
And if thou obey most of those in the earth, they will lead thee astray from Allah's way. They follow naught but conjecture, and they only lie. |
| 006:116 Pickthal | : |
If thou obeyedst most of those on earth they would mislead thee far from Allah's way. They follow naught but an opinion, and they do but guess. |
| 006:116 Rashad | : |
If you obey the majority of people on earth, they will divert you from the path of GOD. They follow only conjecture; they only guess. |
| 006:116 Sarwar | : |
Most of the people in the land will lead you away from God's guidance if you follow them; they only follow their own conjecture and preach falsehood. |
| 006:116 Shakir | : |
And if you obey most of those in the earth, they will lead you astray from Allah's way; they follow but conjecture and they only lie. |
| 006:116 Sherali | : |
And if thou obey most of those on earth, they will lead thee astray from ALLAH's way. They follow nothing but mere conjecture, and they do nothing but lie. |
| 006:116 Yusufali | : |
Wert thou to follow the common run of those on earth, they will lead thee away from the way of Allah. They follow nothing but conjecture: they do nothing but lie. |
Concepts/Themes Covered: الإيمان > الأنبياء والرسل > مهمتهم في البلاغ Faith> The Prophets and the Messengers of Allah> Their Mission to Inform القرآن الكريم > حقيقته وتصديقه للكتب الأوائل The Holy Quran> The Quran's Reality and its confirmation of the Previous Books الإنسان والعلاقات الأخلاقية > الأخلاق الذميمة > سوء الظن Man and The Moral Relations>The Dispraised Morals>Evil Suspect الإنسان والعلاقات الاجتماعية > الإنسان > حال أكثر الناس Man and The Social Relations>Man>The Status of the Most People العلاقات القضائية > تنظيمات قضائية > الظن لا يغني من الحق شيئا Judicial Relationships>Juridical Regulations>Suspicion can be no Avail against Truth
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/116395-maths/topic/linear.20algebra.20over.20semirings.20.26.20semimodules.html ---
Recently @Sebastien Gouezel tried to make module
an abbreviation for semimodule
, see branch remove-module. CI build fails in direct_sum_module
but a build with -T100000
times out in linear_algebra.basic
on comap_smul
.
Why is it so hard for Lean? Can we help it?
{% endraw %}Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


A fast paced logic puzzle for scholars and wordsmiths!Sort situations and nouns into the appropriate categories and impress your friends!
The Holocaust
Now tell us! Is that GRIM or WET?
A Hotmilo23 creation


Files CCore/inc/task/Atomic.h CCore/src/task/Atomic.cpp
Atomic is an unsigned integral variable with a set of "atomic" operations. Such variable can be used safely by multiple threads without using mutexes. Moreover, efficient mutex implementation is based on atomics. Atomic operations (except reading a value) implies a "memory fence". This feature is irrelevant on single core systems, but for multi-core CPU it is essential to ensure the memory visibility coherence.
class Atomic : NoCopy
{
Sys::Atomic atomic;
public:
using Type = Sys::Atomic::Type ;
Atomic();
using PrintProxyType = Type ;
operator Type() const;
// return previous value, memory fence is used
Type operator = (Type value);
Type operator += (Type value);
Type operator -= (Type value);
Type operator ++ (int);
Type operator -- (int);
Type trySet(Type old_value,Type new_value);
};
Atomic::Type is the underlying integral type. Usually it is a machine word type. This type is a PrintProxyType.
Default constructor sets the value to zero.
Implicit cast operator reads the value atomically with respect to other operations, but does not imply a memory fence.
All modifying operations imply a memory fence and return the value of the object before the operation. "Memory fence" means that if a thread red the modified value of the atomic, it sees all variable modifications, made before the atomic operation has been performed by the thread, who has done the atomic operation. On a single core CPU this is always true, because threads are not executed simultaneously and only a compiler optimization may be an issue. But on multi-core CPU it is possible, that concurrent execution of CPU read/write commands changes the order of visible variable modifications. So special CPU commands must be used to prevent this. An example:
volatile int a=0;
volatile int b=0;
// thread 1
b=1;
a=1;
// thread 2
while( a==0 );
int c=b; // c may be zero
operator = assigns a new value.
operator += increases the current value by the argument.
operator −= decreases the current value by the argument.
postfix operator ++ increments the current value.
postfix operator −− decrements the current value.
trySet() is a more complex operation. It compares the current value with the old_value. If they are equal, then it assigns the new_value. Otherwise it does nothing. You may learn what case has happened by comparing the return value with the old_value.
Atomic implementation is based on the target atomic class Sys::Atomic, declared in the header sys/SysAtomic.h.
struct Sys::Atomic // POD type
{
// public
using Type = unsigned ; // unsigned integral type, most likely unsigned
// private data
....
// public
using PrintProxyType = Type ;
void set_null();
operator Type() const;
// return previous value, memory fence is used
Type operator = (Type value);
Type operator += (Type value);
Type operator -= (Type value);
Type operator ++ (int);
Type operator -- (int);
Type trySet(Type old_value,Type new_value);
};
A typical implementation would be:
struct Sys::Atomic { // public using Type = ??? ; // unsigned integral type, most likely unsigned // private data volatile Type atomic; // volatile for the explicit Get() // private static Type Get(const volatile Type *atomic) { return *atomic; } static Type Set(volatile Type *atomic,Type value) noexcept; static Type Add(volatile Type *atomic,Type value) noexcept; static Type Sub(volatile Type *atomic,Type value) { return Add(atomic,-value); } static Type Inc(volatile Type *atomic) { return Add(atomic,1); } static Type Dec(volatile Type *atomic) { return Sub(atomic,1); } static Type TrySet(volatile Type *atomic,Type old_value,Type new_value) noexcept; // public using PrintProxyType = Type ; void set_null() { atomic=0; } operator Type() const { return Get(&atomic); } // return previous value, memory fence is used Type operator = (Type value) { return Set(&atomic,value); } Type operator += (Type value) { return Add(&atomic,value); } Type operator -= (Type value) { return Sub(&atomic,value); } Type operator ++ (int) { return Inc(&atomic); } Type operator -- (int) { return Dec(&atomic); } Type trySet(Type old_value,Type new_value) { return TrySet(&atomic,old_value,new_value); } };
Only three highlighted functions must be implemented, usually using an assembler to prevent compiler optimizations across its calls.


Margin, Border and Padding are all styles that you can create in your CSS that will aid you in how to format your elements in HTML. But before we can talk about why they are different, we should first talk about what each of them do.
The margin property is what defines the space around the HTML element. An example of an element is seen below.
example of HTML element:

I am an element

The margin is the space between what you have in the element, which in this case is the paragraph
, and what it is surrounded by.
Lets have a look at that example again, this time take into account the gray space that encases the text and the red line around it.

I am an element

Now that I've added some visual aid to the example, as mentioned before, think of the gray space as your element. The red line around it represents the size of its margin. You can set your code, this can be any code as long as it is in an element, to have a property that allows it to exist with the specified amount of red space from its neightbour.
Still don't quite get it? Picture this. The element is the house you are about to build. The land you want to build on is between two other houses. Part of the building decision is where to put up your fence. The neighbour to your left plays loud music all the time, morning, noon and night, while the one to your right are lovely and quiet and owns two fluffy dogs. Becasue you like your sleep too much and also appreciate furry friends, you decide to build your fence closer to the right side (with the furry friends) and farther away from the left and all the noise. The fence represents your margin and what its value means.
The properties or "rules" that the margin can contain can be described as margin-top, margin-right, margin-bottom and margin-left so you can specify how much space you would like from its surroundings with respect to position. you can also simply use margin to describe these values as well, the direction of which goes clockwise starting from the top.
for example:
margin: 20px 10px 20px 10px;
The example above shows that margin has been set as 20px from top, 10px from right, 20px from bottom and 10px from left of element.
Note: The actual value of the margin can be negative. This would mean that you can actually set your elements to overlap!
Remember elements? Well like margins, borders can be applied to most HTML elements as well.
example of borders:
Solid
Dashed
Dotted
The examples shown above are the three most common types of borders that can be applied to most elements. Similar to margin, the thickness or border-width can be changed to any value you like. However, unlike margin, these values cannot be negative
Below are a couple of examples of how to set border-width properties:
border-width: 10px
This method will set all sides of the border to 10px thickness, while
border-width: 10px 20px 10px 20px
will set the top/bottom to 10px and right/left to 20px (clockwise like margin).
Note: If you take a closer look at the example of borders above, you will notice that the border is nested inside the gray area. This is because the elements have been preset with its maximum size in CSS, which means that the borders cannot exceed that limit.
More curious about what you can do with border? Here is a link to HTML Dog with some helpful diagrams and explanations of how it all work.
Now that we've got Margin and Border out of the way, we can start talking about Padding. Remember how margin is the space outside the element? Padding, like how it sounds, is what happens on the inside of the element. It is the opposite property of margin. Padding generates space around an element, inside of any defined borders. Here is what it looks like along side each other.
As mentioned before, margin represents the outside of the element, padding is the area wrapped inside the border and represents how much space is between the content of the element (in this case the text "Element Box") and its maximum size.
Spacially speaking we can look at it mathematically:
element + padding = actual size (includes border)
Still dont quite understand? Another way to think about it is to remember the last time you've had to move house. When you are packing glassware in a big box you want a lot of padding to stop it from breaking. While with books, they don't need much padding if at all. CSS padding works the same way, where as in this example the elements are the glassware/books and the space between those objects are all padding.
Like the other two properties, the size of the padding can be specified by using padding, padding-top, padding-right, padding-bottom and padding-left. Here are some examples:
padding: 0;
which means no padding or "space" between the content and its borders. Or
padding; 10px 0px 10px 0px;
so going clockwise starting from top this means that the top and bottom have a padding of 10px, while left and right have none.
Note: Like borders, the value property of padding cannot be negative, as you cannot take space out of an area that does not exist.
If you have been following along with this blog and you already know the answer then YAY! It means that this technical blog has served its purpose!
But if the answer hasn't quite presented itself to you yet then don't worry. To put it simply, all three properties deal with space with respect to the container of the element. Margin deals with the outside, while border and padding deal with the inside. Border and padding are both limited to the actual size of the container that the element is nested in. While border is the lining of the container, padding is the only property that comes into direct contact with the actual content.


Squash is our top priority in our programs and in our instruction, led by world class squash staff member Jay Francis. The club features 4 international singles courts and 1 doubles court so you can better master the sport.
Everything you need for health and fitness can be found here with our fitness center, massage therapy, and physiotherapy. Membership includes access to men and women’s change rooms with showers, a sauna, and towel service.
We're a club of over 300 members who love to get to know one another and socialize. We hold parties and potlucks as a community, and members are always welcome to drop by for a beer and a chat at our lounge and bar.
Enjoy getting pampered with a massage from our Massage Therapist, Jessica Wilken.
Book NowCome experience the full array of our facilities and services. We'll be happy to introduce you.
book a time“You build life-long relationships here. This isn't just another squash and fitness club.”
“The staff is absolutely fabulous. They become a part of your extended family.”
“It's member-owned, so that gives you a bit of pride in the space. It's a home away from home.”
September 2019
We host a Professional Squash Association event with the largest Women's purse in Canada. See Top 100 players from all across the world.
Learn More


Film review by Kevin Patterson
THE PLAYER Rating: **** (out of four) R, 1992 Director: Robert Altman Screenplay: Michael Tolkin Starring Cast: Tim Robbins, Greta Schacchi, Peter Gallagher
THE PLAYER is one of those rare films that succeeds brilliantly despite the fact that the audience and the filmmakers probably hate most of the characters. A clever, sometimes humorous, and probably all too realistic satire of the movie industry, the film follows the ups and downs of studio executive Griffin Mill (Tim Robbins), an aloof businessman who cynically manipulates the filmmaking process to serve his own interests and undercut those of his rival Larry Levy (Peter Gallagher). The extent of his coldness is revealed when he accidentally kills a disgruntled writer whom he believed was sending him death threats and smoothly manages to cover up the death. Everything from the selfish arrogance of the executives to their retuning of a movie for mass consumption to the pretensions of a self-important "message film" is skewered on the satirical sword of director Robert Altman and screenwriter Michael Tolkin. If you ever want to try to talk someone out of getting into the movie business, show them THE PLAYER.

The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


About me
Oh!  This page is, probably, not the most beautiful way to share who I am to the world. But, if you are here, is because something call your attention from me. And because of that, I will introduce myself:
My name is Manuel Calva, also known as "Akotadi", my nickname in someplaces. As probably you can see, I am Mexican with 24 years old, do not ask how I have survived so much.
Currently, I am studying Computer Systems in Mexico with a GPA of 93/100 and I expect to be graduated at December 2021. Also, I attend to the ACM Student Chapter (also known as “Club de Algoritmia” in my school) because I am interested in competitive programming.
Competitive Programmer
Two and a half years ago I started practicing as a competitive programmer. I have reached the regional Mexican tournament in 2019. Right now I only practice for hobbie, but I take part of tournaments like Code Jam for fun because I can not attend more to ICPC.
Developer
Before I was more focused in Back-End Web Developer, some experience with my projects in Java and PHP. Right now I have been learning more Frontend, improving my understand of CSS/SASS and React because is what call my atention during the last year.
Data Science
As my description said, I am an enthusiast in Data Science. I am attending some optative subjects related to that in my school and watching some courses online, but I have a lot more to learn about it.
My Projects
This is a little review of my programming life in form of projects.
APMS
Scholar Project
Winter 2018
Auxiliary system for the creation and management of the learning units at my university.
Check out
Price List
Personal Project
Spring 2020
Simple PWA Collaborative Real-time Price List for a little store.
Check out
IPN Awards
School Project
Winter 2018
System developed to manage the organization, execution and generate statistics of an award event for the IPN.
Check out
Webelectivo
School Project
Summer 2018
A webpage for manage the elective hours (ex: cultural, sport, recreation) of the students.
Check out
Swapi Example
Learning Project
Summer 2019
A webpage made as a test for a working interview, is worth mention that I am currently learning the technologies used.
Check out
My Skills
I have developed some skills in this time:
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
RDBMS
Languages
PLATFORMS
TECHNOLOGIES
My Awards
During my life I have been improving myself little by little, this section is a sample of my development in this world.
Also, is a reminder of what I can do and a motivation to myself.


After completing part 1 of this series of blog posts, you should be able to define the color for each pixel within a TGA image and then output that image from your program. So what's next? Well, as per my graphics programming notes that I like to keep online, all that renderers really do is draw points, draw lines, and fill in triangles between those lines. We can do the first part, each pixel is a point that we can "draw" by changing the color of that point. So it follows that next we'd want to be able to string those points together as lines.
Last time I stated that it's useful to think about programs like renderers in terms of inputs and outputs. We focused on the output, TGA images, but what about the input? A renderer must take in some specification of geometry before deciding how to color the pixels on the screen. This usually comes in the form of a subset of "assets" (static files used as input to a program). Specifically for our purposes, as 3D object files. They can come in the form of STL, OBJ, FBX, COLLADA, 3DS, etc... files. After we go through drawing lines we'll discuss how we can interact with these geometry defintion file formats in our C++ program, specifically we'll be using OBJ files because they use one of the simplest and most ubiquitous formats.
If you had the distinct privilege of going to middle school and attending math class you may remember learning how to graph linear equations. If not, you can find a nice overview here. Basically the most common way to write an equation of a line looks like this:
Where x and y represent any given point along the line, m represents the slope of the line (or how steep the line is), and y0 represents the value of y when x = 0 (otherwise referred to as the y-intercept because that's the point at which the line intercepts the y axis on a graph). Here are a few good examples of lines with their equations that I lifted from Wikipedia:
So how do we represent this as C++ code?  The two in the picture from Wikipedia go off the screen and onwards to infinity in both directions. Obviously our computer won't be able to accurately represent that, so we need a starting and an ending point. Graphing calculators and other such devices typically just use the boundaries of the screen as start and end points, but since we've already written a program to define points in space we can just have those be user inputs. So the specification for our function would look like this:
void line(int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, TgaImage &image, const TgaColor &color)
Once we have the start point and the end point specified, we can then determine how far the line has risen or fallen (or change in overall Y position (dy)), and how far the line has run (or change in overall X position (dx)). Once we know dy and dx, it's a simple ratio of dy/dx to determine the slope. We could use a ratio of run/rise (or dx/dy) if we wanted, but algebra is typically structured around rise/run (dy/dx) because it represents the number more nicely to our human brains. With rise/run, when the curve gets steeper, the number gets bigger instead of smaller, which seems to make more intuitive sense to most people. Anyway let's represent our slope calculation in code.
int dx = x1 - x0;
int dy = y1 - y0;
float m = (float) dy / (float) dx;
(Note: we're using (float) typecasting because we need the precision floating point numbers provide. If a line has a slope of 3/4 we need that to be equal to 0.75, not 1). Now we only need to calculate one more value, the value of the y-intercept, before we've fully solved the line equation between our two user-inputted points. Since we have all the other values, we can rearrange the y = mx + y0 to calculate the y0 like this (our code will use the variable "b" to represent y0 because C++ doesn't allow for subscript in variable names):
y = (m * x) + b
y - b = (m * x) // subtract b from both sides
-b = (m * x) - y // subtract y from both sides
-b = -y + (m * x) // flip right side around
b = y - (m * x) // negate both sides
Now we can calculate any value within the equation! This means that we can draw our full line. All we have to do is start at our starting point and iterate through the X coordinate until we've reached our ending point, calculating Y as we go. We could do it the other way, iterating through Y and calculating X, but this way seemed simpler to me.
for (int x = x0; x <= x1; x++)
{
int y = (m * x) + b;
image.set(x, y, color);
}
Finally, we can call our line function and we'll have our first line! This example goes from (13, 20) to (80, 40).
line(13, 20, 80, 40, image, white);
Neat! But there are still some problems with this code. See if you can sort out a few of them yourself before reading on! Ready?
Cool, me too. Firstly, the choice of constant for our iterator matters greatly. If we change for (int x = x0; x <= x1; x++)
to be
for (int x = x0; x <= x1; x += 10)
for example, changing the constant from 1 to 10, we get:
That's a pretty sad line. The larger our constant is the less precise our line will be, which can lead to some efficiency problems
down the line (pun intended) that we'll discuss later. Another problem is that this code only allows for lines from bottom left to top right. Imagine if we'd
called it with the arguments in reverse order like line(80, 40, 13, 20, image, white);
. Our for loop would never trigger and we'd
just end up with a blank image. A lot of graphics frameworks actually require that you define your lines from bottom left to top right, and
don't work with input defined the other way around. As such almost all 3D object assets come with lines defined this way, so this bug isn't
actually a huge deal. We can still remedy this though by always getting the minimum x and looping to the maximum x.
int minX = std::min(x0, x1);
int maxX = std::max(x0, x1);
for (int x = minX; x <= maxX; x++)
{
int y = (m * x) + b;
image.set(x, y, color);
}
In the same vein, what about straight up and down lines where the x values for both points are equal? Right now those types of lines wouldn't trigger our for loop either, so we have to handle that case. What we can do is switch which axis we're iterating over to the Y axis, since the X axis necessarily has nothing to iterate over if both X coordinates are equal. As far as calculating the X coordinate for each point, we can rearrange our y = mx + y0 formula from earlier to be x = (y - y0) / m. You also might notice after drawing a few different lines that steep lines tend to look a lot worse than non-steep ones. When the height of the line is greater than its width, we'll also want to iterate over the Y axis to make sure we're filling in every point. After fixing those few bugs, here we have our (relatively) bug-free (albeit very inefficient), rudimentary line-drawing algorithm:
void line(int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, TgaImage &image, const TgaColor &color)
{
int dx = x1 - x0;
int dy = y1 - y0;
float m = (float) dy / (float) dx;
float b = y1 - (m * x1);
int minX = std::min(x0, x1);
int maxX = std::max(x0, x1);
if (minX == maxX || std::abs(dx) < std::abs(dy))
{
int minY = std::min(y0, y1);
int maxY = std::max(y0, y1);
for (int y = minY; y <= maxY; y++)
{
int x = (y - b) / m;
image.set(x, y, color);
}
}
else
{
for (int x = minX; x <= maxX; x++)
{
int y = (m * x) + b;
image.set(x, y, color);
}
}
}
Once we've got lines, we can string those lines together to make shapes. It's all coming together now! I mentioned in the intro that we'd discuss the specification of geometry used as input to our program. The time has come! OBJ (object) files are created by Wavefront's Advanced Visualizer (more info here) and are the uncompressed, raw version of the geometry specification. They're highly extensible, very powerful, and can encompass definitions for a lot of advanced graphics stuff. For our purposes we're going to focus on a narrow subset of simple specifications to just get the bare necessities of our program off the ground. If you're interested in doing a deep dive into everything OBJ files support you can explore my internet best friend Paul Bourke's website.
The bare minimum of this format is overall very simple. It consists of 3 main sets of information.
Geometric vertices are exactly what they sound like. They represent a given point in 3D space. Texture vertices define where to place the texture over a set of vertices, and therefore correspond 1-to-1 with geometric vertices. These are a little bit tricky to grasp at first, but we don't need to worry about them since we aren't using textures at all in this part of the tutorial (stay tuned for that!). Vertex normals represent a euclidean directional vector associated with a vertex. If you don't know what a vector is, you can simply think of it as a line with a direction. The line can only travel in that direction, and isn't allowed to go the other way. We'll talk more about them later. This helps us know in which order to draw the lines given to us (and allows for the side-stepping of that bottom-left to top-right bug we fixed earlier). Finally, there's a fourth section within the OBJ file format that groups the first three all together into a single data structure called a "face". Faces must be triangles and as such must group 3 and only 3 points from each of our other 3 data structures.
Just like in the last part we'll start by defining a header for our class.
class Model
{
private:
std::vector<Vec3f> verts;
std::vector<std::vector<int>> faces;
public:
Model(const char* filename);
~Model();
int nVerts();
int nFaces();
Vec3f vert(int i);
std::vector<int> face(int i);
};
Okay so a few a things about this code. In the private section we've got two fields verts
and faces
to represent the list of vertices (including geometric, textured, and normalized) and the list
of faces respectively. In the public section we have our constructor which will take in a file name as input and create our Model from that, a destructor which will deallocate memory appropriately, and
some getters. nVerts()
gives the total number of all vertices, nFaces()
gives the total number of all faces, vert(int i)
will give you a vertex at a particular position, and
face(int i)
will give you a face at a particular position. Now you may have noticed two completely new data classes that we haven't discussed before: std::vector
and Vec3f
.
std::vector
is from the standard library of C++. If you remember our definition of a euclidean vector from earlier then you'll know that it's a line with a direction. Well a vector can also be
represented as a list of points. In fact, you can do the same thing with just a list of ordered numbers and it's still referred to as a vector. In set theory terms it's defined as a member of the set Sn
which is an ordered sequence of values in a specific set. Even though they're often two or three dimensional, in pure mathematics a vector is just any list of ordered numbers. That's what's meant by C++'s vector
class. Essentially it's a dynamic array that allows you to add or remove elements at will. Vec3f
on the other hand is a data structure that I defined. Let's look at that definition:
template<class t>
struct vec3
{
union
{
struct
{
t x, y, z;
};
struct
{
t iVert, iuv, iNorm;
};
t raw[3];
};
vec3() : x(0), y(0), z(0)
{
}
vec3(t x, t y, t z) : x(x), y(y), z(z)
{
}
inline vec3<t> operator^(const vec3<t> &v) const
{
return vec3<t>(y * v.z - z * v.y, z * v.x - x * v.z, x * v.y - y * v.x);
}
inline vec3<t> operator+(const vec3<t> &v) const
{
return vec3<t>(x + v.x, y + v.y, z + v.z);
}
inline vec3<t> operator-(const vec3<t> &v) const
{
return vec3<t>(x - v.x, y - v.y, z - v.z);
}
inline vec3<t> operator*(float f) const
{
return vec3<t>(x * f, y * f, z * f);
}
inline t operator*(const vec3<t> &v) const
{
return x * v.x + y * v.y + z * v.z;
}
float norm() const
{
return std::sqrt(x * x + y * y + z * z);
}
vec3<t> &normalize(t l = 1)
{
*this = (*this) * (l / norm());
return *this;
}
template<class>
friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &s, vec3<t> &v);
};
typedef vec3<float> Vec3f;
typedef vec3<int> Vec3i;
template<class t>
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &s, vec3<t> &v)
{
s << "(" << v.x << ", " << v.y << ", " << v.z << ")\n";
return s;
}
So that's a good little bit of code, and I'm not going to go over it in detail because it's tangential to the topic at hand. All I'll say is that "template<class t>" defines the structure as a generic template class that can take its own type as an input, that way we can use the same code for vectors with integers or with floating point numbers (as referenced in the type aliases near the bottom), and that this struct is basically just defining a bunch of vector math. Vector math is really easy once you get the hang of it, so I suggest you do a bit of research on your own if you aren't comfortable with it already. After going through this code you might be thinking, "But I thought vectors had to have a direction associated with them? Doesn't that mean you need multiple points? This vec3 struct only stores the x y and z coordinates of one point." Right you are, imaginary reader! When a vector is defined as one point it can be assumed that the direction is moving away from the origin (0, 0). It's a simple shortcut mathematicians do in order to define points in euclidean space, but still have access to all the nice vector operations that're important for more complex algebraic operations. For now you can just think of them as "points in space" if you want (though that's not 100% accurate).
Hopfeully now the header file for our Model class makes sense to you. We've just got an "ordered list" (vector) of "points in space" (vec3f) as our set of vertices, and an ordered list of ordered lists of integers for our faces. Let's get to the implementation of this header before you die of boredom/confusion from my terrible teaching skills as they relate to mathematics.
int Model::nVerts()
{
return (int) verts.size();
}
int Model::nFaces()
{
return (int) faces.size();
}
std::vector<int> Model::face(int i)
{
return faces[i];
}
Vec3f Model::vert(int i)
{
return verts[i];
}
Look at how simple that implementation is! That's the power of using vectors! You'll notice I left out the constructor and destructor. That's because I wanted to show you those in isolation. Let's look at that now! Be sure to read the comments for an overview of what's happening.
Model::Model(const char* filename) : verts(), faces()
{
// open the file and read the lines
std::ifstream in;
in.open(filename, std::ifstream::in);
if (in.fail())
{
return;
}
std::string line;
while (!in.eof())
{
std::getline(in, line);
std::istringstream iss(line);
char trash;
// check if it's a vertex (v, vt, or vn), or a face (f)
if (!line.compare(0, 2, "v "))
{
iss >> trash;
Vec3f v;
for (float &i : v.raw)
{
iss >> i;
}
verts.push_back(v); // if it's a vertex then read in the raw geomtry data and add it to our vertex list
}
else if (!line.compare(0, 2, "f "))
{
std::vector<int> f;
int itrash, idx;
iss >> trash;
while (iss >> idx >> trash >> itrash >> trash >> itrash)
{
idx--; // in wavefront obj all indices start at 1, not zero
f.push_back(idx);
}
faces.push_back(f); // if it's a face then read in the raw face data, ignoring the slashes between values, and add it to our faces list
}
}
std::cerr << "# v# " << verts.size() << " f# " << faces.size() << std::endl;
}
Model::~Model()
= default;
Bada bing bada boom that's all we need to read in OBJ files! Now we can create a 3D object in memory within our program using something like auto* model = new Model("head.obj");
.
All that's left then is to loop through all the faces in our object, then loop through all the vertices contained within that face, and draw them one-by-one by hooking into the line function we made earlier.
They're grouped in loops of length three because, as stated earlier, each face must be a triangle, meaning the three points of the face have to connect to one another.
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
auto* model = new Model("head.obj");
const int width = 800;
const int height = 800;
TgaImage image(width, height, TgaImage::RGB);
for (int i = 0; i < model->nFaces(); i++)
{
std::vector<int> face = model->face(i);
for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)
{
Vec3f v0 = model->vert(face[j]);
// use the modulo to go back to 0 and connect the triangle when on the last two vertices of the face
Vec3f v1 = model->vert(face[(j + 1) % 3]);
// scale the model appropriately to the correct size
int x0 = (v0.x + 1) * width / 2;
int y0 = (v0.y + 1) * height / 2;
int x1 = (v1.x + 1) * width / 2;
int y1 = (v1.y + 1) * height / 2;
line(x0, y0, x1, y1, image, white); // draw a line for each pair of vertices in this triangle
}
}
image.flipVertically(); // i want to have the origin at the left bottom corner of the image
image.writeTgaFile("output.tga");
delete model;
return 0;
}
If we do that with an actual OBJ file (the test one I'm using can be found here, then the program should fairly accurately draw the wireframe for the triangles that make up the geometry of that 3D object! Here's the final output:
Look at it! It's beautiful! I hope you learned something about lines and stuff throughout this post. Next time we'll be spicing up our line drawing function by looking at different algorithms developed by people way smarter than me! Stay tuned
As always, code for this post is available on my Github account.


Tweening with Tween.js
Drag the mouse to rotate the camera
Use the scroll wheel to zoom.
Use these controls to change properties
Delay
0.25s
Duration
2s
Tween Position
Tween Rotation
Tween Color
Tween Opacity
Easing Function
None
Quadratic
Cubic
Quartic
Quintic
Sinusoidal
Exponential
Circular
Elastic
Back
Bounce
Play
Loop Animation


Google Earth Enterprise Documentation Home | Troubleshooting and error messages
Fusion issues
When you install GEE on a server, the software does a query for hostname -f
. Each time you build a resource, project, or database on the Fusion server, the initial hostname -f
response is added to all the files in each asset’s subdirectory. Changing the hostname or moving assets from one server to another without updating the hostname in all places will make your Fusion system inoperable. To safely change your hostname, follow the instructions below.
To change the hostname for a production system (GEE Server only, no Fusion):
- Shut down the
geserver
daemon at/etc/init.d/geserver stop
. - Update the hostname and IP address to the correct entries for the machine.
- Edit
/opt/google/gehttpd/htdocs/intl/en/tips/tip*.html
and update any hardcoded URLs to the new machine URL. - Remove the contents of
/gevol/published_dbs/stream_space
and/gevol/published_dbs/search_space
. - Change directory to
/tmp
and executesudo -u gepguser /opt/google/bin/geresetpgdb
. - Start the GEE Server:
/etc/init.d/geserver start
.
To change the hostname for a development system (both Fusion and GEE Server):
- Shut down both the
gefusion
andgeserver
daemons:
/etc/init.d/gefusion stop
/etc/init.d/geserver stop - Update the hostname and IP address to the correct entries for the machines.
- If needed, edit the
/etc/hosts
file to update the IP address and hostname entries for the production machine. - Execute
/opt/google/bin/geconfigureassetroot --fixmasterhost
. - Back up the following files to
/tmp
or another archive folder:
/gevol/assets/.config/volumes.xml
/gevol/assets/.config/PacketLevel.taskrule
/gevol/assets/.userdata/serverAssociations.xml
/gevol/assets/.userdata/snippets.xml
Replaceassets
with the name of your asset root. For example,/gevol/tutorial
. - Edit the
/gevol/assets/.userdata/snippets.xml
file and update the hardcoded URLs to match the new hostname URL of the production machine. - Edit
/opt/google/gehttpd/htdocs/intl/en/tips/tip*.html
and update any hardcoded URLs to the new machine URL. - Remove the contents of
/gevol/published_dbs/stream_space
and/gevol/published_dbs/search_space
. - Change directory to
/tmp
and executesudo -u gepguser /opt/google/bin/geresetpgdb
. - Start the geserver and gefusion services:
/etc/init.d/geserver start
/etc/init.d/gefusion startYou can now change the server associations and publish the databases.
To change the server associations and publish the databases:
- Log in to Fusion as a user (not as root) by entering
fusion
on the command line. - Select Tools > Server Associations Manager.
- Edit the
default_ge
anddefault_map
entries and update the URL to match the hostname of the development machine. - Edit the remaining entries for the production server associations and update the URL to the new production machine URL, then close the Server Associations Manager.
- Select Tools > Asset Manager.
- Navigate to the Databases folder, right-click 3D database, and select Publish.
- From the Publish menu, select default_ge and publish to the local development machine. Repeat for the production machine.
- Right-click 2D database and select Publish.
- From the Publish menu, select default_map and publish to the local development machine. Repeat for the production machine.
To verify that the databases are published and working:
- Connect a web browser to
http://production/default_map
. - Connect a web browser to
http://development/default_map
. - Connect Earth Client to
http://production
. - Connect Earth Client to
http://development
.
Note: During testing, you can check /opt/google/gehttpd/logs/access_log
and error_log
to determine if any errors are reported by Apache.


---
layout: post
title: Happy Birthday Dad!!!
date: '2006-02-16T21:31:00.000-06:00'
author: Jabell
tags:
- Family
modified_time: '2007-03-31T18:45:48.532-05:00'
blogger_id: tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19739956.post-114014722886929280
blogger_orig_url: http://theabellsix.blogspot.com/2006/02/happy-birthday-dad.html
---
Dad,
We all wish you a happy birthday. We tried calling several times today and weren't able to get a hold of you. We trust your day was great.
We love you!
The Abell Six...


All Classes
Packages
net.happybrackets.controller.gui
net.happybrackets.core
net.happybrackets.core.config
net.happybrackets.core.control
net.happybrackets.core.instruments
net.happybrackets.core.logging
net.happybrackets.core.scheduling
net.happybrackets.device
net.happybrackets.device.config
net.happybrackets.device.config.template
net.happybrackets.device.dynamic
net.happybrackets.device.network
net.happybrackets.device.sensors
net.happybrackets.device.sensors.gpio
net.happybrackets.device.sensors.sensor_types
net.happybrackets.extras.assignment_autograding
net.happybrackets.rendererengine


Looking For Best Quality Services Provider
We Are Leading International Consulting Agency
Sed ut perspiciatis unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam, eaque ipsa quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt explicabo. Nemo enim ipsam
No one rejects, dislikes, or avoids pleasure itself, because it is pleasure bucause those who do not know how to pursue pleasure
No one rejects, dislikes, or avoids pleasure itself, because it is pleasure bucause those who do not know how to pursue pleasure
$49.99
monthly
Regular Plan
- Financial Plan
- Business Consulting
- Investing Planning
- Banking Planning
- Support 24/7
$85.00
monthly
Premium Plan
- Financial Plan
- Business Consulting
- Investing Planning
- Banking Planning
- Support 24/7
$95.99
monthly
Diamond Plan
- Financial Plan
- Business Consulting
- Investing Planning
- Banking Planning
- Support 24/7


---
layout: default
title: Electrical Year 2
---
Electrical Year 2
2019-2020
{% capture currentmonth %}{{'now' | date: '%m'}}{% endcapture %}{% capture february %}{{'February' | date: '%m'}}{% endcapture %}{% capture july %}{{'July' | date: '%m'}}{% endcapture %}
{% if currentmonth >= february and currentmonth <= july %}
{% assign source = site.data.electrical.year2.Data_2019-2020_Term2.files %}
{% include query-week.html %}
{% include query-subject.html subject='Term 2 - Engineering Mathematics 3' %}
{% include query-subject.html subject='Term 2 - Microprocessor Systems' %}
{% include query-subject.html subject='Term 2 - Energy Conversion' %}
{% include query-subject.html subject='Term 2 - Signal Processing' %}
{% include query-subject.html subject='Term 2 - Engineering Economics' %}
{% include query-subject.html subject='Term 2 - Electrical and Electronic Tests' %}
{% include query-subject.html subject='Term 2 - Systems Dynamics and Control Components' %}
{% else %}
{% assign source = site.data.electrical.year2.Data_2019-2020_Term1.files %}
{% include query-week.html %}
{% include query-subject.html subject='Term 1 - Engineering Mathematics 3' %}
{% include query-subject.html subject='Term 1 - Automatic Control Systems' %}
{% include query-subject.html subject='Term 1 - Electromagnetic Fields' %}
{% include query-subject.html subject='Term 1 - Electronic Engineering' %}
{% include query-subject.html subject='Term 1 - Industrial Safety' %}
{% include query-subject.html subject='Term 1 - Microprocessor Systems' %}
{% include query-subject.html subject='Term 1 - Database Management Systems' %}
{% endif %}


IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA Civil Writ Jurisdiction Case No.19592 of 2018 ====================================================== Gaurav Kumar Singh, Son of Anjani Kumar Singh, Resident of Flat No. 302, Shashi Sudama Niketan, Road No. 02, Rajendra Nagar, P.S. Kadamkuan, District- Patna. ... ... Petitioner/s Versus 1. The Chief Secretary, Government of Bihar at Patna. 2. The State of Bihar through the District Magistrate, Gaya, District- Gaya. 3. The Principal Secretary, Urban Development and Housing Department, Bihar at Patna. 4. The Commissioner, Gaya Division, Gaya, District-Gaya. 5. The Bihar Pollution Control Board, through its Chairman , Bihar at Patna. 6. The Member Secretary, Bihar Pollution Control Board, Bihar at Patna. 7. The Public Health Engineering Department, through its Principal Secretary, Bihar at Patna. 8. The Chairman, Gaya Municipal Corporation, Gaya, District- Gaya. 9. The District Magistrate Gaya, District-Gaya. 10. The Senior Superintendent of Police, Gaya, District- Gaya. 11. The Officer-in-Charge, Bodh Gaya, District- Gaya, Gaya Municipal Corporation, Bihar at Gaya. ... ... Respondent/s ====================================================== Appearance : For the Petitioner/s : Mr.Sumeet Kumar Singh, Advocate For Bihar State Pollution: Mr. Shivendra Kishore, Sr. Advocate Control Board Mr. Parijat Saurav, Advocate Mr. Rabindra Kumar Priyadarshi, Advocate For the Respondent/s : Mr.Anjani Kumar, AAG-4 ====================================================== CORAM: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE JYOTI SARAN and HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE ARVIND SRIVASTAVA ORAL ORDER
(Per: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE JYOTI SARAN) 4 06-02-2019 It is reminding the authorities for the State in the Urban Development and Housing Department and the Gaya Municipal Corporation of their obligations to ensure that the Phalgu river in the town and district of Gaya is not polluted that this writ petition is filed, whereby the petitioner seeks a Patna High Court CWJC No.19592 of 2018(4) dt.06-02-2019 2/5 direction to the authorities on the following lines; (a) proper handling of waste emission, (b) to stop of dumping debris, flow of municipal waste as well as drain water in the Phalgu river.
We are rather constrained to observe that even when such obligation is a duty cast on the authorities of the Urban Development and Housing Department and the Gaya Municipal Corporation, yet it takes somebody to stand up by way of public interest to draw their attention.
Counter affidavits are filed and Mr. Sumeet Kumar Singh, learned counsel appearing for the petitioner invites the attention of this Court to an order passed by a Co-ordinate Bench on a similar matter arising from C.W.J.C. No. 16627 of 2011 (Pratijnya and another vs. The Union of India and others), a copy of which is enclosed with Annexure-R5-F of the counter affidavit filed on behalf of the Bihar State Pollution Control Board, Patna and its authorities. He submits that the stand of the Principal Additional Advocate General, who presently is the Advocate General of the State is taken note of by the Bench and where after directions were issued for removal of the encroachments; establishment of solid waste treatment plant as well as for construction of the Dam to store water before the monsoon arrives.
Patna High Court CWJC No.19592 of 2018(4) dt.06-02-2019 3/5 It is submitted that this order was passed on 18.03.2015 and a period of four years is going to lapse when nothing has changed. Learned counsel next invites the attention of this Court to the direction issued by the Pollution Control Board at Annexure-R5-B dated 27.04.2017 to submit that in exercise of power vested in the Board under Section 33A of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 as well as for restoration of river Ganga that directions were issued which are present at paragraph-14 of the letter.
It is stated that a second letter was issued by the Board enclosed at Annexure-R5-C on 14.03.2018 to the Municipal Commissioner, Gaya Municipal Corporation reminding him of the obligation but no steps have been taken. He submits that since it is in these circumstances that the writ petition is filed and though counter affidavits have been filed on behalf of the Corporation and the Pollution Control Board but save and except that the Board has simply continued to issue directions without any follow up action, no effective steps has been taken by the State in its Urban Development and Housing Department nor the Municipal Corporation, Gaya has taken steps either on the directions of this Court earlier passed and/or the direction issued by the Board.
Patna High Court CWJC No.19592 of 2018(4) dt.06-02-2019 4/5 Mr. Shivendra Kishore, learned senior counsel appearing for the Board, while endorsing the argument advanced by Mr. Singh, has submitted that repeated reminders have been issued to the Municipal Corporation, Gaya to ensure compliance as well as to submit report but which is yet awaited.
Mr. Deepak Jamuar, learned A.C. to AAG-4 appears for the State, while Mr. R.K. Priyadarshi, learned counsel appears for the Gaya Municipal Corporation but neither is able to give an answer for the failure of the Department of Urban Development and Housing as well as the Gaya Municipal Corporation in abiding by the earlier directions of this Court passed in C.W.J.C. No. 16627 of 2011 or the directions issued by the Bihar State Pollution Control Board vide Annexure-R5- B, R5-C and R5-E, which has been issued following the writ petition in question. A peculiar stand is taken by the Municipal Corporation on its limited resources to deal with the issue raised but having said so, paragraphs 8 and 9 of the counter affidavit talks about the proposed action plan but which has no specific date and that a period of more than almost four years has lapsed since the issue was last raised and disposed of by this Court on 18.03.2015, we would not allow the Corporation to stay inert. That the Principal Additional Advocate General has given Patna High Court CWJC No.19592 of 2018(4) dt.06-02-2019 5/5 assurance before this Court on a similar issue last raised by Pratijnya (supra) regarding construction of Dam, removal of encroachment and construction of solid waste treatment plant it is for the State to ensure compliance of same and neither of them would be permitted to shoulder of the responsibility.
We would, thus, direct the Principal Secretary, Urban Development Department as well as the Municipal Commissioner, Gaya Municipal Corporation to file a joint affidavit placing on record the action plan to resolve the issue raised by the petitioner as well as the time within which the same is to be executed.
For the purpose, list this matter on 25 th February, 2019 under the same heading. It is made clear that should the two authorities fail to give their affidavit within the date so fixed, they should be present in Court at 10.30 A.M. for answer.
(Jyoti Saran, J) ( Arvind Srivastava, J) Nasimul/-
U


Settings
Account Info
View or modify important information about your account
First Name
Last Name
Username
Email
Favorite
{{shop.name}}
Dietary Restrictions
None
Vegetarian
Vegan
Gluten Free
Peanut Allergy
Update


{{ comment }}
Here's a message
This is the the second dummy comment. It's no more interesting than the first.
Here's a second message
This is the first dummy comment.


My account
| Order number | Date | Summary | Order status | Payment status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 122321 | 22 march 2015 | 1240 AZN | New | Not paid |
| 129821 | 10 march 2015 | 740 AZN | Proceed | Paid |
| 122321 | 22 march 2015 | 1240 AZN | New | Not paid |
| 129821 | 10 march 2015 | 740 AZN | Proceed | Paid |
| 122321 | 22 march 2015 | 1240 AZN | New | Not paid |
| 129821 | 10 march 2015 | 740 AZN | Proceed | Paid |
Back to the history
Order number: 214521
| Sharp LC-70LE660X 17860 |
Quantity
|
Summary 17860 | |
|
Kenwood KWD0251-15A 17860 |
Quantity
|
Summary 17860 | |
|
Your current discount: -15% Total: 17970 AZN 16515 AZN |
- Name, surname
- Nariman Asadov
- Phone number
- +994 55 475 24 00
-<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- City
- Baku
- Address
- Istiglaliyyat str, 12A
- Comment
Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type.
- Order date
- 21 november 2015
- Payment
- Online payment
- Payment status
- Paid
- Delivery
- Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text
- Order status
- Proceed
Cumulative discount
- Cost of purchased goods:
- 8000 AZN
- Your current discount:
- 15%
For the next 20% discount sum needed to purchase: 1000 AZN
-
Sharp LC-70LE660X
512 199 AZNBUY delete
-
Not available
Sharp LC-70LE660X
512 199 AZNREPORT AN ARRIVAL delete
-
Sharp LC-70LE660X
512BUY delete
-
Sharp LC-70LE660X
512BUY delete
Total price:
1312
BUY ALL AVAILABLE PRODUCTS


Target sentences:
Auto-detected dependency:
Please select the relevant dependency that will add to your output
{% for i in extraction %}
{% endfor %}
Hand-labelled dependency:
Polarity categorisation: -1 (negative), 0 (positive), 1 (neutral)
{% endblock %}


This test uses JSLitmus to test the instantiation and method call speed of various inheritance patterns. This code was adapted from tests appearing on
Broofa.com


Design Doc: Distributed Training¶
Objective¶
In this slides, we explained that we’d like PaddlePaddle running on general-purpose clusters like those managed by Kubernetes, so to address demands for AI from both Internet and non-Internet industries.
This poses technical challenges to PaddlePaddle:
- Support fault-recovery.
- Support both offline and online training.
- Serverless computing of distributed training.
Training Job¶
A training job will be created once user asks Paddle cloud to train a model. The training job is made up of different processes that collaboratively consume data and produce a trained model. There are three kinds of processes:
- the master server process, which dispatches tasks to
- one or more trainer processes, which run distributed training and synchronize gradients/models via
- one or more parameter server processes, where each holds a shard of the global model, and receive the uploaded gradients from every trainer process, so they can run the optimize functions to update their parameters.
Their relation is illustrated in the following graph:
By coordinating these processes, PaddlePaddle supports use both Synchronize Stochastic Gradient Descent (sync SGD) and Asynchronous Stochastic Gradient Descent (async SGD) to train user-defined neural network topologies.
When training with sync SGD, parameter servers wait for all trainers to finish gradients update and then send the updated parameters to trainers, training can not proceed until the trainer received the updated parameters. This creates a synchronization point between trainers. When training with async SGD, each trainer upload gradient and download new parameters individually, without the synchronization with other trainers. Using asyc SGD will be faster in terms of time per pass, but have more noise in gradient since trainers are likely to have a stale model.
Master Server Process¶
The master server process will:
- Partition a dataset into tasks and dispatch tasks to trainers.
- Keep track of training progress on the dataset with task queue. A training job will iterate on the dataset for a full pass until it goes into next pass.
Task¶
A task is a data shard to be trained. The total number of tasks will be much bigger than the total number of trainers. The number of data instances inside a task will be much bigger than the mini-batch size.
Task Queue¶
The master server has three task queues to track training progress. As illustrated in the graph below, Job A and Job B both have one master server. Each master server process has three task queues.
- The todo queue holds tasks to be dispatched. When a job starts, the master server fills in the todo queue with all tasks.
- The pending queue holds tasks that are currently training by trainers.
- the done queue holds tasks that are already trained.
The life cycle of a single task is illustrated below:
- When a new pass of training starts, all tasks will be placed in the todo queue.
- The master server will dispatch few tasks to each trainer at a time, puts them in the pending queue and waits for completion.
- The trainer will work on its tasks and tell the master server once a task is completed. The master server will dispatch a new task to that trainer.
- If a task timeout. the master server will move it back to the todo queue. The timeout count will increase by one. If the timeout count is above a threshold, the task is likely to cause a trainer to crash, so it will be discarded.
- The master server will move completed task to the done queue. When the todo queue is empty, the master server will start a new pass by moving all tasks in the done queue to todo queue and reset the timeout counter of all tasks to zero.
Trainer Process¶
The trainer process will:
- Receive tasks from the master.
- Work on the tasks: calculate and upload gradient to parameter servers, and update local model by downloading new parameters from parameter servers.
Parameter Server Process¶
Parameter server processes hold the parameters collaboratively. The parameters are partitioned on different parameter servers.
The parameter server will:
- Receive gradient from the trainers, update its parameters, and give the trainers the latest parameters.
- Periodically save its parameters to distributed file system by overriding the previous save.
Optimization Algorithms¶
The communication pattern between the trainers and the parameter servers depends on the category of optimization algorithm:
Synchronous Stochastic Gradient Descent (sync-SGD)
Parameter server will wait for all trainer finish n-th mini-batch calculation and send their gradients before broadcasting new parameters to every trainer. Every trainer will wait for the new parameters before starting n+1-th mini-batch.
Asynchronous Stochastic Gradient Descent (async-SGD)
There will no synchronization between different trainers, and parameter server updates its parameter as soon as it receives new gradient:
- Each trainer uploads its accumulated gradient every n mini-batches.
- Every m mini-batches, the trainer downloads new parameters from parameter server.
- n and m do not have to be equal.
Fault Tolerant¶
The training job will pause if the master server processes is dead, or any of the parameter server process is dead. They will be started by Kubernetes and recover in few minutes. Please refer to fault recovery.
The training job will continue to make progress if there is at least one training process running. The strategy depends on the type of optimization algorithm:
sync-SGD
TODO
async-SGD
Since async-SGD does not require synchronization between mini-batches, the system will by definition make process if at least one trainer is running.
Fault Recovery¶
PaddlePaddle uses etcd to keep track of the states of processes. Because etcd is a distributed reliable key-value store, the restarted process can recover its states from etcd. The model parameters are periodically saved into distributed file system, so a restarted parameter server can recover its parameters from the saved file.
Now we will introduce how each process recovers from a failure, the graph below shows how etcd is used:
Master Server Process¶
When the master is started by the Kubernetes, it executes the following steps at startup:
- Grabs a unique master lock in etcd, which prevents concurrent master instantiations.
- Recovers the task queues from etcd if they already exist, otherwise, the master will create them.
- Watches the trainer prefix keys
/trainer/
on etcd to find the live trainers. - Starts dispatching the tasks to the trainers, and updates task queue using an etcd transaction to ensure lock is held during the update.
When the master server process is dead for any reason, Kubernetes will restart it. It will be online again with all states recovered from etcd in few minutes.
Trainer Process¶
When the trainer is started by the Kubernetes, it executes the following steps at startup:
- Watches the available parameter server prefix keys
/ps/
on etcd and waits until the count of parameter servers reaches the desired count. - Generates a unique ID, and sets key
/trainer/<unique ID>
with its contact address as value. The key will be deleted when the lease expires, so the master will be aware of the trainer being online and offline. - Waits for tasks from the master to start training.
If trainer’s etcd lease expires, it will try set key /trainer/<unique ID>
again so that the master server can discover the trainer again.
When a trainer fails, Kuberentes would try to restart it. The recovered trainer would fetch tasks from the TODO queue and go on training.
Parameter Server Process¶
When the parameter server is started by Kubernetes, it executes the following steps at startup:
Read desired total number of parameter servers from etcd
/ps_desired
Search through etcd keys
/ps/<index>
(/ps/0
,/ps/1
, ...) to find the first non-existant key whose index is smaller than the total number of parameter servers. Set the key using a transaction to avoid concurrent writes. The parameter server’s index is inferred from the key name.The desired number of parameter servers is 3:
The third parameter server joined:
The parameter server can load parameters if there are already saved parameters in the save path (inferred from its index).
Now the parameter server is ready for the trainers’ requests.
If the parameter server’s etcd lease expires, the parameter server will kill itself.
Training Dataset Format¶
TODO
User Interface¶
TODO


old_get_obs_session¶
-
Data_Reduction.
old_get_obs_session
(project=None, dss=None, date=None, path='proj')¶ Provides project, station, year and DOY, asking as needed.
It follows one of several possible paths to get to the session:
proj - path through /usr/local/projects/<project> hdf5 - path through /usr/local/RA_data/HDF5 fits - path through /usr/local/RA_data/FITS wvsr - path through /data
:param project : optional name as defined in /usr/local/projects :type project : str
:param dss : optional station number :type dss : int
:param date : optional YYYY/DDD :type date : str
- Returns
project, DSS, year, DOY.


{% extends 'contents/_base/speaking.html' %} {% load i18n static %} {% block title %}Call for Proposals{% endblock %} {% block page_title %}
The Call for Proposals (CfP) is now open. PyCon Taiwan 2016 is accepting talks and tutorial!
Since one of the PyCon motivation is to help Python education and advocate the use of Python, by default your talks wil be recorded, edited and uploaded to pyvideo.org by the PyCon Taiwan committee. If you don’t want your talk being recorded, make sure you toggle the recording option during the proposal submission. See more info about the Recoding Release.
Note that speakers are required to buy the conference ticket as well. (see [Everyone Pays Policy]).
You need to sign up a new account on tw.pycon.org. With an activated account, you can fill up the speaker profile and create new proposals through your Dashboard.
We encourage you to submit the proposal as early as possible.
We accept a broad range of Python related proposals, from reports on academic and commercial projects and case studies. Basically, if you are reading these words, you should go submit your proposal!
The theme of PyCon TW 2016 is "Implement the future together". Therefore, we encourage speakers to talk about your own Python package or your experience of learning Python and hosting a Python community. Talks on advanced topics are highly welcomed as well.
Most talks are 25 minutes long. However, we offer a limited number of 45-minute slots for important topics which we think audience can benefit significantly more from a more extensive treatment. Note that the talk time length includes setup and Q&A time.
Talk can be given in either English or Chinese.
We redesign the proposal form to make it better help speakers to organize their idea. Find more at How to Propose a Talk.
Similar to talks, we don't pose limitations on tutorial topics. Tutorial are half or full day long, equivalently to 3 or 6 hours of teaching. The guideline for tutorial submission is based on the guideline for talks, so make sure you have read How to Propose a Talk. On top of that, We have some special requirements for tutorial submission, please refer to How to Propose a Tutorial for more information.
{% endblock content %}


/*====================================================================* * * Copyright (c) 2011 Qualcomm Atheros Inc. * * Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software * for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided * that the above copyright notice and this permission notice appear * in all copies.  IN NO EVENT SHALL * THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM * LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN * CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. * *--------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /*====================================================================* * * void Request (struct plc * plc, char const * format, ...); * * plc.h * * Inform the user that an operation has started; print the channel * name, template destination address and user message on stdout * unless the PLC_SILENCE flag is set; * * This function is identical to Confirm () except that it prints * the template destination address instead of the packet source * address because it is called before outgoing frames are encoded; * * * Contributor(s): * Charles Maier<EMAIL_ADDRESS>* *--------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #ifndef REQUEST_SOURCE #define REQUEST_SOURCE #include <stdio.h> #include <stdarg.h> #include "../plc/plc.h" #include "../tools/memory.h" #include "../tools/flags.h" #ifdef __GNUC__ __attribute__ ((format (printf, 2, 3))) #endif void Request (struct plc * plc, char const *format, ...) { if (_allclr (plc->flags, PLC_SILENCE)) { char address [ETHER_ADDR_LEN * 3]; struct channel * channel = (struct channel *)(plc->channel); hexdecode (channel->peer, sizeof (channel->peer), address, sizeof (address)); fprintf (stderr, "%s %s ", channel->ifname, address); if ((format) && (*format)) { va_list arglist; va_start (arglist, format); vfprintf (stderr, format, arglist); va_end (arglist); } fprintf (stderr, "\n"); } return; } #endif


Premier League clubs to nominate management members
by Edna A. Quansah, GNA
Accra, Nov. 25, GNA - The 18 Premier League clubs have been authorized to nominate five Premier League Management Committee Members for one year for the Ghana Football Association (GFA).
As done previously by the GFA, the current administration has discarded the system where all Premier League clubs were represented on the Premier League Management Committee, formerly known as the Premier League Board.
Under the new system, the GFA Executive Council would nominate two representatives, who would be the Chairman and the Vice Chairman, whilst the other five are nominated by the Premier League clubs.
Meanwhile, former GFA Chairman, Mohamed Nuruuden D. Jawula and Jesse Agyapong have been appointed as the Chairman and Vice Chairman respectively to head the seven-member committee.
GNA


Key questions around Uber’s licence rejection in London
The firm has confirmed it will appeal against TfL’s decision.
Uber’s bid for a new operating licence in London has been rejected.
Here the PA news agency looks at the key questions surrounding the situation:
– Who made the decision?
Transport for London (TfL) regulates taxi and private hire services in London. It decided not to grant Uber a new licence when its existing one expires at 11.59pm on Monday.
– Why did it make that decision?
TfL identified “a pattern of failures” by Uber which put passenger safety at risk.
– What was the most serious failing?
Unauthorised drivers were able to upload their photographs to legitimate driver accounts. This led to at least 14,000 trips being made with drivers who were not the ones shown on the app.
– What else has Uber done?
TfL says Uber allowed drivers who were dismissed or suspended to create another account with the firm and continue carrying passengers.
– How has Uber responded?
It described TfL’s outcome as “extraordinary and wrong”, insisting it has “fundamentally changed how we operate in London” over the past two years.
– Is Uber banned from London?
The firm has confirmed it will appeal against TfL’s decision. It is allowed to continue to operate until the process is completed.
– What did Sadiq Khan say?
The Mayor of London acknowledged that TfL’s decision “may be unpopular with Uber users” but insisted “their safety is the paramount concern”.
– Has this happened before?
TfL first refused to renew Uber’s licence in September 2017 amid safety fears. After the firm appealed against the decision, it was handed a 15-month licence by a judge in June 2018.


|
Mohammed Khiser
Executive Director StandardExIm. StandardExIm was founded in 1993 in Maddur, Mandya by Shukoor Ahmed. Shukoor Ahmed has more than 25 years of experience in the coconut industry Now our facility is very accessible to the various states and cities of India. Over the years, we are exporting fresh tender coconuts to our lines. StandardExIm continues to be a well respected name in the food industry. We maintain the highest quality standards for our products while striving for the most competitive pricing in the industry. Every order is given our personal attention. Give us a try and see what we can do for you. Thank you for choosing us as your coconut supplier. For more information on our delicious coconuts please contact us now.
|
|||||||
| Geo Location | |||||||
|
View Larger Map |
|||||||
StandardExIm © 2014. all right reserved. Powered by:MadMec© |


As I mentioned I believe that getting married is the most incredible thing you can do. Giving yourself, completely and wholly to one another and being accepted by them is… well, something that can’t really be described with words…
And
that’s where I come in.
I live in Bristol, but it doesn’t matter where you’re getting married, I’d love to meet and hear your story.


See: Description
| Interface | Description |
|---|---|
| EntityListenerFactory |
A factory used to create entity listeners.
|
| EntitySorter |
Defines API for sorting of Cayenne entities based on their mutual dependencies.
|
| MappingNamespace |
Defines API of a container of DbEntities, ObjEntities, Procedures, Queries and other
mapping objects.
|
| PathComponent<T extends Attribute,U extends Relationship> |
A component in a path chain.
|
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| AshwoodEntitySorter | Deprecated
since 3.1 moved to "org.apache.cayenne.ashwood" package.
|
| Attribute |
Defines a property descriptor that is a part of an Entity.
|
| CallbackDescriptor |
A mapping descriptor of a single callback event.
|
| CallbackMap |
A generic descriptor of a set of standard lifecycle callbacks.
|
| DataMap |
Stores a collection of related mapping objects that describe database and object layers
of an application.
|
| DbAttribute |
A DbAttribute defines a descriptor for a single database table column.
|
| DbEntity |
A DbEntity is a mapping descriptor that defines a structure of a database table.
|
| DbJoin |
Defines a join between two attributes of a given relationship.
|
| DbKeyGenerator |
DbKeyGenerator is an abstraction of a primary key generator It configures the primary
key generation per DbEntity in a RDBMS independent manner.
|
| DbRelationship |
A DbRelationship is a descriptor of a database inter-table relationship based on one or
more primary key/foreign key pairs.
|
| DbRelationshipDetected |
A subclass of
DbRelationship to hold some extra runtime information. |
| DeleteRule |
Defines constants for the possible values of ObjRelationship delete rules.
|
| DetectedDbEntity |
A
DbEntity subclass used to hold extra JDBC metadata. |
| EjbqlBuilder | |
| Embeddable |
A mapping descriptor of an embeddable class.
|
| EmbeddableAttribute |
A persistent attribute of an embeddable object.
|
| EmbeddedAttribute |
An attribute of the ObjEntity that maps to an embeddable class.
|
| Entity |
An Entity is an abstract descriptor for an entity mapping concept.
|
| EntityInheritanceTree |
A tree structure representing inheritance hierarchy of an ObjEntity and its
subentities.
|
| EntityListener |
A mapping descriptor of an entity listener class that declares one or more callback
methods to be notified of the entity events.
|
| EntityResolver |
Represents a virtual shared namespace for zero or more DataMaps.
|
| EntityResult |
A metadata object that provides mapping of a set of result columns to an ObjEntity.
|
| MapLoader |
Default MapLoader.
|
| ObjAttribute |
An ObjAttribute is a mapping descriptor of a Java class property.
|
| ObjEntity |
ObjEntity is a mapping descriptor for a DataObject Java class.
|
| ObjRelationship |
Describes an association between two Java classes mapped as source and target
ObjEntity.
|
| Procedure |
A mapping descriptor for a database stored procedure.
|
| ProcedureParameter |
A descriptor for the Procedure parameter.
|
| Relationship |
Defines a relationship between two entities.
|
| SQLResult |
A metadata object that defines how a row in a result set can be converted to result
objects.
|
| Enum | Description |
|---|---|
| JoinType |
Enumerates supported JOIN types.
|
| LifecycleEvent |
Defines possible entity object lifecycle events.
|
Copyright © 2001–2014 Apache Cayenne. All rights reserved.


About
Posters
Posters
Bold and Colorful Art and Design Inspiration For Your Studio or Classroom
Universal Principles of Design
Art Remix


Ocean [ay62], ocean, in Crystal Sea
Last updated Turn #73
Ocean [ay62], ocean, in Crystal Sea
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1: Orion I [hd3f], ship, 2 hulls, 1 rowing port, 6 sails, 30% damaged,
1: arrived from Ocean [ay63], owner:
1: Phantasm [n4b], Imperial Empire, with 12 sailors
2: Orion I [hd3f], ship, 2 hulls, 1 rowing port, 6 sails, 30% damaged,
2: departed for Ocean [ay61].
Routes leaving Ocean:
North, to Ocean [ax62], 6 days
East, to Ocean [ay63], 6 days
South, to Ocean [az62], 6 days
West, to Ocean [ay61], 6 days
Inner locations:
Island [ab7m], island, 1 day, owner:
Cyclops [bs7j], cyclops, number: 17


Poké Hub
Start Your File Sharing Adventure!
Upload and download files.
Delete unwanted files.
Create and manage folders.
Securely login with authentication.
Login
Register


Friction joint definition. More...
#include <b2FrictionJoint.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| b2FrictionJointDef () | |
| void | Initialize (b2Body *bodyA, b2Body *bodyB, const b2Vec2 &anchor) |
Public Attributes | |
| b2Vec2 | localAnchorA |
| The local anchor point relative to bodyA's origin. | |
| b2Vec2 | localAnchorB |
| The local anchor point relative to bodyB's origin. | |
| float32 | maxForce |
| The maximum friction force in N. | |
| float32 | maxTorque |
| The maximum friction torque in N-m. |
Friction joint definition.
| b2FrictionJointDef::b2FrictionJointDef | ( | ) | [inline] |
Initialize the bodies, anchors, axis, and reference angle using the world anchor and world axis.
The local anchor point relative to bodyA's origin.
The local anchor point relative to bodyB's origin.
The maximum friction force in N.
The maximum friction torque in N-m.


{% extends "base.html" %} {% load humanize %} {% block lcrContent %}
Your Active Deals with {{ p.name }}
Here you can find all active deals that you have registered in our system. To get additional information about a selected deal, click on "Details".
Deals with {{ user.lcrwebaccount.carrier.name }} as a buyer:
| Deal ID: | Destination Name: | Buy Price: | Total Volume: | Set Up Date: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| {{ deal.id }} | {{ deal.destination }} | $ {{ deal.buy_price }} / min | {{ deal.total_minutes }} | {{ deal.dt_when|date:"Y-m-d H:i" }} | Details >> |
Deals with {{ user.lcrwebaccount.carrier.name }} as a seller:
| Deal ID: | Destination Name: | Sell Price: | Total Volume: | Set Up Date: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| {{ deal.id }} | {{ deal.destination }} | $ {{ deal.buy_price }} / min | {{ deal.total_minutes|intcomma }} | {{ deal.dt_when|date:"Y-m-d H:i" }} | Details >> |


May 2020 Upgrade - Miner vote for infra plan
Loading miner votes...
No change:
Activate infra plan:
BCHN
block (reject infra):
66% of blocks must signal for the infra plan for it to take effect.
View vote period...