Medication
{
"resourceType" : "StructureDefinition",
"id" : "shr-entity-Medication",
"text" : {
"status" : "generated",
"div" : "

Medication Profile

A type of prescription drug or over-the-counter drug that is used to prevent, treat, or relieve symptoms of a disease or abnormal condition, but excluding vaccines.

Mapping Summary

shr.entity.Medication maps to http://fhir.org/guides/argonaut/StructureDefinition/argo-medication:
_Entry.EntryId maps to id
Language maps to language
Narrative maps to text
ImplicitRules maps to implicitRules
Metadata.VersionId maps to meta.versionId
Metadata.LastUpdated maps to meta.lastUpdated
Metadata.SecurityLabel maps to meta.security
Metadata.Tag maps to meta.tag
Identifier maps to extension
Status maps to extension
Type maps to code
DoseForm maps to product.form
Ingredient.SubstanceOrCode maps to product.ingredient.item
Ingredient.IngredientAmount maps to product.ingredient.amount
Brand.IsBrand maps to isBrand
Manufacturer maps to manufacturer
constrain product.batch to 0..1
LotNumber maps to product.batch.lotNumber
ExpirationDate maps to product.batch.expirationDate
Package maps to package.container

"
},
"url" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/us/fhirURL/StructureDefinition/shr-entity-Medication",
"identifier" : [
{
"system" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/us/projectURL",
"value" : "shr.entity.Medication"
}
],
"version" : "0.6.0",
"name" : "Medication",
"display" : "shr-entity-Medication",
"status" : "draft",
"publisher" : "The MITRE Corporation",
"contact" : [
{
"telecom" : [
{
"system" : "other",
"value" : "http://www.hl7.org/Special/committees/cic/index.cfm",
"rank" : 0
}
]
}
],
"date" : "2019-02-08T00:00:00-05:00",
"description" : "A type of prescription drug or over-the-counter drug that is used to prevent, treat, or relieve symptoms of a disease or abnormal condition, but excluding vaccines.",
"code" : [
{
"system" : "http://ncimeta.nci.nih.gov",
"code" : "C0013227",
"userSelected" : false
}
],
"fhirVersion" : "1.0.2",
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"uri" : "http://hl7.org/v3",
"name" : "RIM"
},
{
"identity" : "w5",
"uri" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/w5",
"name" : "W5 Mapping"
},
{
"identity" : "v2",
"uri" : "http://hl7.org/v2",
"name" : "HL7 v2"
}
],
"kind" : "resource",
"constrainedType" : "Medication",
"abstract" : false,
"base" : "http://fhir.org/guides/argonaut/StructureDefinition/argo-medication",
"snapshot" : {
"element" : [
{
"id" : "argoprofile",
"path" : "Medication",
"name" : "argoprofile",
"short" : "shr-entity-Medication",
"definition" : "A type of prescription drug or over-the-counter drug that is used to prevent, treat, or relieve symptoms of a disease or abnormal condition, but excluding vaccines.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "argo-medication"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "ManufacturedProduct[classCode=ADMM]"
},
{
"identity" : "w5",
"map" : "clinical.medication"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.id",
"path" : "Medication.id",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.id",
"short" : "Logical id of this artifact",
"definition" : "The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.",
"comments" : "The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation. Bundles always have an id, though it is usually a generated UUID.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.id",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "id"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : true,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<_Entry>.<shr.base.EntryId>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.meta",
"path" : "Medication.meta",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.meta",
"short" : "Metadata about the resource",
"definition" : "The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content may not always be associated with version changes to the resource.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.meta",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Meta"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : true
},
{
"id" : "Medication.meta.id",
"path" : "Medication.meta.id",
"representation" : [
"xmlAttr"
],
"name" : "Medication.meta.id",
"short" : "xml:id (or equivalent in JSON)",
"definition" : "unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references).",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"type" : [
{
"code" : "id"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "n/a"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.meta.extension",
"path" : "Medication.meta.extension",
"name" : "Medication.meta.extension",
"short" : "Additional Content defined by implementations",
"definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
"comments" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
"alias" : [
"extensions",
"user content"
],
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "n/a"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.meta.versionId",
"path" : "Medication.meta.versionId",
"name" : "Medication.meta.versionId",
"short" : "Version specific identifier",
"definition" : "The version specific identifier, as it appears in the version portion of the URL. This values changes when the resource is created, updated, or deleted.",
"comments" : "The server assigns this value, and ignores what the client specifies, except in the case that the server is imposing version integrity on updates/deletes.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"type" : [
{
"code" : "id"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : true,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.Metadata>.<shr.base.VersionId>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.meta.lastUpdated",
"path" : "Medication.meta.lastUpdated",
"name" : "Medication.meta.lastUpdated",
"short" : "When the resource version last changed",
"definition" : "When the resource last changed - e.g. when the version changed.",
"comments" : "This value is always populated except when the resource is first being created. The server / resource manager sets this value; what a client provides is irrelevant.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"type" : [
{
"code" : "instant"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : true,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.Metadata>.<shr.base.LastUpdated>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.meta.profile",
"path" : "Medication.meta.profile",
"name" : "Medication.meta.profile",
"short" : "Profiles this resource claims to conform to",
"definition" : "A list of profiles [[[StructureDefinition]]]s that this resource claims to conform to. The URL is a reference to [[[StructureDefinition.url]]].",
"comments" : "It is up to the server and/or other infrastructure of policy to determine whether/how these claims are verified and/or updated over time. The list of profile URLs is a set.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"type" : [
{
"code" : "uri"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : true
},
{
"id" : "Medication.meta.security",
"path" : "Medication.meta.security",
"name" : "Medication.meta.security",
"short" : "Security Labels applied to this resource",
"definition" : "Security labels applied to this resource. These tags connect specific resources to the overall security policy and infrastructure.",
"comments" : "The security labels can be updated without changing the stated version of the resource The list of security labels is a set. Uniqueness is based the system/code, and version and display are ignored.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Coding"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : true,
"binding" : {
"strength" : "extensible",
"description" : "Security Labels from the Healthcare Privacy and Security Classification System.",
"valueSetReference" : {
"reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/security-labels"
}
},
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.Metadata>.<shr.base.SecurityLabel>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.meta.tag",
"path" : "Medication.meta.tag",
"name" : "Medication.meta.tag",
"short" : "Tags applied to this resource",
"definition" : "Tags applied to this resource. Tags are intended to be used to identify and relate resources to process and workflow, and applications are not required to consider the tags when interpreting the meaning of a resource.",
"comments" : "The tags can be updated without changing the stated version of the resource. The list of tags is a set. Uniqueness is based the system/code, and version and display are ignored.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Coding"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : true,
"binding" : {
"strength" : "example",
"description" : "Codes that represent various types of tags, commonly workflow-related; e.g. "Needs review by Dr. Jones""
},
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.Metadata>.<shr.base.Tag>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.implicitRules",
"path" : "Medication.implicitRules",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.implicitRules",
"short" : "A set of rules under which this content was created",
"definition" : "A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content.",
"comments" : "Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element as much as possible.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.implicitRules",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "uri"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : true,
"isSummary" : true,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.ImplicitRules>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.language",
"path" : "Medication.language",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.language",
"short" : "Language of the resource content",
"definition" : "The base language in which the resource is written.",
"comments" : "Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.language",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "code"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"binding" : {
"strength" : "required",
"description" : "A human language.",
"valueSetReference" : {
"reference" : "http://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47"
}
},
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.Language>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.text",
"path" : "Medication.text",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.text",
"short" : "Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation",
"definition" : "A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource, and may be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.",
"comments" : "Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative.",
"alias" : [
"narrative",
"html",
"xhtml",
"display"
],
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.text",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Narrative"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"condition" : [
"dom-1"
],
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "Act.text?"
},
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.Narrative>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.contained",
"path" : "Medication.contained",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.contained",
"short" : "Contained, inline Resources",
"definition" : "These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.",
"comments" : "This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again.",
"alias" : [
"inline resources",
"anonymous resources",
"contained resources"
],
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.contained",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Resource"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "N/A"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.extension",
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.extension",
"slicing" : {
"id" : "1",
"discriminator" : [
"url"
],
"ordered" : false,
"rules" : "open"
},
"short" : "Additional Content defined by implementations",
"definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
"comments" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
"alias" : [
"extensions",
"user content"
],
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "N/A"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "identifier",
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"name" : "identifier",
"definition" : "Business identifier or external id for this resource.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension",
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/fhirURL/StructureDefinition/shr-core-Identifier-extension"
]
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.core.Identifier>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "status",
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"name" : "status",
"definition" : "A state that relates to the workflow or interpretation of this resource. Certain status values can modify the meaning of the resource, for example, entered-in-error. When a boolean value is used, Status of true indicates the record is active, false means inactive.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension",
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/fhirURL/StructureDefinition/shr-base-Status-extension"
]
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.Status>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "partof",
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"name" : "partof",
"definition" : "The larger entity that the asserted item is a portion of. For example, an organization part of a larger organization, or an encounter with a hospitalist might be part of a larger hospitalization encounter.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension",
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/fhirURL/StructureDefinition/shr-entity-PartOf-extension"
]
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.PartOf>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "overthecounter",
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"name" : "overthecounter",
"definition" : "True if the medication is available to consumers without a prescription.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension",
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/fhirURL/StructureDefinition/shr-entity-OverTheCounter-extension"
]
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.OverTheCounter>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.modifierExtension",
"path" : "Medication.modifierExtension",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.modifierExtension",
"short" : "Extensions that cannot be ignored",
"definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource, and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.",
"comments" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
"alias" : [
"extensions",
"user content"
],
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.modifierExtension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : true,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "N/A"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.code",
"path" : "Medication.code",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.code",
"short" : "Codes that identify this medication",
"definition" : "Used for identification and definition of a medication.",
"comments" : "Depending on the context of use, the code that was actually selected by the user (prescriber, dispenser, etc.) should be marked as "primary". Other codes can only be literal translations to alternative code systems, or codes at a lower level of granularity (e.g. a generic code for a vendor-specific primary one).",
"min" : 1,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.code",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "CodeableConcept"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : true,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"binding" : {
"strength" : "extensible",
"valueSetReference" : {
"reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/ValueSet/us-core-medication-codes"
}
},
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "v2",
"map" : "RXO-1.1-Requested Give Code.code / RXE-2.1-Give Code.code / RXD-2.1-Dispense/Give Code.code / RXG-4.1-Give Code.code /RXA-5.1-Administered Code.code / RXC-2.1 Component Code"
},
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : ".code"
},
{
"identity" : "w5",
"map" : "class"
},
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.core.Type>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.isBrand",
"path" : "Medication.isBrand",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.isBrand",
"short" : "True if a brand",
"definition" : "Set to true if the item is attributable to a specific manufacturer.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.isBrand",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "boolean"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : true,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "true if .player.scopingRole[typeCode=MANU] exists"
},
{
"identity" : "w5",
"map" : "class"
},
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.Brand>.<shr.entity.IsBrand>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.manufacturer",
"path" : "Medication.manufacturer",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.manufacturer",
"short" : "Manufacturer of the item",
"definition" : "Describes the details of the manufacturer.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.manufacturer",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Reference",
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/fhirURL/StructureDefinition/shr-entity-Organization"
]
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : true,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "v2",
"map" : "RXD-20-Substance Manufacturer Name / RXG-21-Substance Manufacturer Name / RXA-17-Substance Manufacturer Name"
},
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : ".player.scopingRole[typeCode=MANU].scoper"
},
{
"identity" : "w5",
"map" : "who.actor"
},
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.Manufacturer>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product",
"path" : "Medication.product",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product",
"short" : "Administrable medication details",
"definition" : "Information that only applies to products (not packages).",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "BackboneElement"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : ".player [classCode != CONT]"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.id",
"path" : "Medication.product.id",
"representation" : [
"xmlAttr"
],
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.id",
"short" : "xml:id (or equivalent in JSON)",
"definition" : "unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references).",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.id",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "id"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "n/a"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.extension",
"path" : "Medication.product.extension",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.extension",
"short" : "Additional Content defined by implementations",
"definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
"comments" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
"alias" : [
"extensions",
"user content"
],
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.extension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "n/a"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.modifierExtension",
"path" : "Medication.product.modifierExtension",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.modifierExtension",
"short" : "Extensions that cannot be ignored",
"definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element, and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.",
"comments" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
"alias" : [
"extensions",
"user content",
"modifiers"
],
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.modifierExtension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : true,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "N/A"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.form",
"path" : "Medication.product.form",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.form",
"short" : "powder | tablets | carton +",
"definition" : "Describes the form of the item. Powder; tablets; carton.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.form",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "CodeableConcept"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"binding" : {
"strength" : "required",
"description" : "The form of a medication",
"valueSetReference" : {
"reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medication-form-codes"
}
},
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "v2",
"map" : "RXO-5-Requested Dosage Form / RXE-6-Give Dosage Form / RXD-6-Actual Dosage Form / RXG-8-Give Dosage Form / RXA-8-Administered Dosage Form"
},
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : ".formCode"
},
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.DoseForm>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.ingredient",
"path" : "Medication.product.ingredient",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.ingredient",
"short" : "Active or inactive ingredient",
"definition" : "Identifies a particular constituent of interest in the product.",
"comments" : "The ingredients need not be a complete list; usually only active ingredients are listed.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.ingredient",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "BackboneElement"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : ".scopesRole[typeCode=INGR]"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.ingredient.id",
"path" : "Medication.product.ingredient.id",
"representation" : [
"xmlAttr"
],
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.ingredient.id",
"short" : "xml:id (or equivalent in JSON)",
"definition" : "unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references).",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.ingredient.id",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "id"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "n/a"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.ingredient.extension",
"path" : "Medication.product.ingredient.extension",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.ingredient.extension",
"short" : "Additional Content defined by implementations",
"definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
"comments" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
"alias" : [
"extensions",
"user content"
],
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.ingredient.extension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "n/a"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.ingredient.modifierExtension",
"path" : "Medication.product.ingredient.modifierExtension",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.ingredient.modifierExtension",
"short" : "Extensions that cannot be ignored",
"definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element, and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.",
"comments" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
"alias" : [
"extensions",
"user content",
"modifiers"
],
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.ingredient.modifierExtension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : true,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "N/A"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.ingredient.item",
"path" : "Medication.product.ingredient.item",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.ingredient.item",
"short" : "The product contained",
"definition" : "The actual ingredient - either a substance (simple ingredient) or another medication.",
"min" : 1,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.ingredient.item",
"min" : 1,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Reference",
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/fhirURL/StructureDefinition/shr-entity-Substance",
"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/fhirURL/StructureDefinition/shr-entity-Medication"
]
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "v2",
"map" : "RXC-2-Component Code if medication: RXO-1-Requested Give Code / RXE-2-Give Code / RXD-2-Dispense/Give Code / RXG-4-Give Code / RXA-5-Administered Code"
},
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : ".player"
},
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.Ingredient>.<shr.entity.SubstanceOrCode>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.ingredient.amount",
"path" : "Medication.product.ingredient.amount",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.ingredient.amount",
"short" : "Quantity of ingredient present",
"definition" : "Specifies how many (or how much) of the items there are in this Medication. For example, 250 mg per tablet.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.ingredient.amount",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Ratio"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "v2",
"map" : "RXC-3-Component Amount & RXC-4-Component Units if medication: RXO-2-Requested Give Amount - Minimum & RXO-4-Requested Give Units / RXO-3-Requested Give Amount - Maximum & RXO-4-Requested Give Units / RXO-11-Requested Dispense Amount & RXO-12-Requested Dispense Units / RXE-3-Give Amount - Minimum & RXE-5-Give Units / RXE-4-Give Amount - Maximum & RXE-5-Give Units / RXE-10-Dispense Amount & RXE-10-Dispense Units"
},
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : ".quantity"
},
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.Ingredient>.<shr.entity.IngredientAmount>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.batch",
"path" : "Medication.product.batch",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.batch",
"definition" : "Information about a group of medication produced or packaged from one production run.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.batch",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "BackboneElement"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.batch.id",
"path" : "Medication.product.batch.id",
"representation" : [
"xmlAttr"
],
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.batch.id",
"short" : "xml:id (or equivalent in JSON)",
"definition" : "unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references).",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.batch.id",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "id"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "n/a"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.batch.extension",
"path" : "Medication.product.batch.extension",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.batch.extension",
"short" : "Additional Content defined by implementations",
"definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
"comments" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
"alias" : [
"extensions",
"user content"
],
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.batch.extension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "n/a"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.batch.modifierExtension",
"path" : "Medication.product.batch.modifierExtension",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.batch.modifierExtension",
"short" : "Extensions that cannot be ignored",
"definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element, and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.",
"comments" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
"alias" : [
"extensions",
"user content",
"modifiers"
],
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.batch.modifierExtension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : true,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "N/A"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.batch.lotNumber",
"path" : "Medication.product.batch.lotNumber",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.batch.lotNumber",
"definition" : "The assigned lot number of a batch of the specified product.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.batch.lotNumber",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "string"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "v2",
"map" : "RXA-15 Substance Lot Number / RXG-19 Substance Lot Number"
},
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.LotNumber>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.batch.expirationDate",
"path" : "Medication.product.batch.expirationDate",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.product.batch.expirationDate",
"definition" : "When this specific batch of product will expire.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.product.batch.expirationDate",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "dateTime"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "v2",
"map" : "RXA-16 Substance Expiration Date / RXG-20 Substance Expiration Date"
},
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.ExpirationDate>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.package",
"path" : "Medication.package",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.package",
"short" : "Details about packaged medications",
"definition" : "Information that only applies to packages (not products).",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.package",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "BackboneElement"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : ".player[classCode=CONT]"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.id",
"path" : "Medication.package.id",
"representation" : [
"xmlAttr"
],
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.id",
"short" : "xml:id (or equivalent in JSON)",
"definition" : "unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references).",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.package.id",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "id"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "n/a"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.extension",
"path" : "Medication.package.extension",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.extension",
"short" : "Additional Content defined by implementations",
"definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
"comments" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
"alias" : [
"extensions",
"user content"
],
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.package.extension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "n/a"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.modifierExtension",
"path" : "Medication.package.modifierExtension",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.modifierExtension",
"short" : "Extensions that cannot be ignored",
"definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element, and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.",
"comments" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
"alias" : [
"extensions",
"user content",
"modifiers"
],
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.package.modifierExtension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : true,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "N/A"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.container",
"path" : "Medication.package.container",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.container",
"short" : "E.g. box, vial, blister-pack",
"definition" : "The kind of container that this package comes as.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.package.container",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "CodeableConcept"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"binding" : {
"strength" : "example",
"valueSetReference" : {
"reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medication-package-form"
}
},
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : ".code"
},
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.Package>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.content",
"path" : "Medication.package.content",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.content",
"short" : "What is in the package",
"definition" : "A set of components that go to make up the described item.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.package.content",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "BackboneElement"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : ".scopesRole[typeCode=CONT]"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.content.id",
"path" : "Medication.package.content.id",
"representation" : [
"xmlAttr"
],
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.content.id",
"short" : "xml:id (or equivalent in JSON)",
"definition" : "unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references).",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.package.content.id",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "id"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "n/a"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.content.extension",
"path" : "Medication.package.content.extension",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.content.extension",
"short" : "Additional Content defined by implementations",
"definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
"comments" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
"alias" : [
"extensions",
"user content"
],
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.package.content.extension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "n/a"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.content.modifierExtension",
"path" : "Medication.package.content.modifierExtension",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.content.modifierExtension",
"short" : "Extensions that cannot be ignored",
"definition" : "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element, and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.",
"comments" : "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
"alias" : [
"extensions",
"user content",
"modifiers"
],
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.package.content.modifierExtension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : true,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : "N/A"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.content.item",
"path" : "Medication.package.content.item",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.content.item",
"short" : "A product in the package",
"definition" : "Identifies one of the items in the package.",
"min" : 1,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.package.content.item",
"min" : 1,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Reference",
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Medication"
]
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : ".player"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.content.amount",
"path" : "Medication.package.content.amount",
"name" : "Medication:argoprofile.package.content.amount",
"short" : "Quantity present in the package",
"definition" : "The amount of the product that is in the package.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.package.content.amount",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Quantity",
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/SimpleQuantity"
]
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "rim",
"map" : ".quantity"
}
]
}
]
},
"differential" : {
"element" : [
{
"id" : "Medication",
"path" : "Medication",
"name" : "Medication",
"short" : "shr-entity-Medication",
"definition" : "A type of prescription drug or over-the-counter drug that is used to prevent, treat, or relieve symptoms of a disease or abnormal condition, but excluding vaccines.",
"min" : 0,
"type" : [
{
"code" : "argo-medication"
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false
},
{
"id" : "Medication.id",
"path" : "Medication.id",
"name" : "Medication.id",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<_Entry>.<shr.base.EntryId>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.meta",
"path" : "Medication.meta",
"name" : "Medication.meta",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false
},
{
"id" : "Medication.meta.versionId",
"path" : "Medication.meta.versionId",
"name" : "Medication.meta.versionId",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.Metadata>.<shr.base.VersionId>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.meta.lastUpdated",
"path" : "Medication.meta.lastUpdated",
"name" : "Medication.meta.lastUpdated",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.Metadata>.<shr.base.LastUpdated>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.meta.security",
"path" : "Medication.meta.security",
"name" : "Medication.meta.security",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.Metadata>.<shr.base.SecurityLabel>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.meta.tag",
"path" : "Medication.meta.tag",
"name" : "Medication.meta.tag",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.Metadata>.<shr.base.Tag>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.implicitRules",
"path" : "Medication.implicitRules",
"name" : "Medication.implicitRules",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.ImplicitRules>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.language",
"path" : "Medication.language",
"name" : "Medication.language",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.Language>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.text",
"path" : "Medication.text",
"name" : "Medication.text",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.Narrative>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.extension",
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"name" : "Medication.extension",
"slicing" : {
"id" : "1",
"discriminator" : [
"url"
],
"ordered" : false,
"rules" : "open"
},
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false
},
{
"id" : "identifier",
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"name" : "identifier",
"definition" : "Business identifier or external id for this resource.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension",
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/fhirURL/StructureDefinition/shr-core-Identifier-extension"
]
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.core.Identifier>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "status",
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"name" : "status",
"definition" : "A state that relates to the workflow or interpretation of this resource. Certain status values can modify the meaning of the resource, for example, entered-in-error. When a boolean value is used, Status of true indicates the record is active, false means inactive.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension",
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/fhirURL/StructureDefinition/shr-base-Status-extension"
]
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.base.Status>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "partof",
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"name" : "partof",
"definition" : "The larger entity that the asserted item is a portion of. For example, an organization part of a larger organization, or an encounter with a hospitalist might be part of a larger hospitalization encounter.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension",
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/fhirURL/StructureDefinition/shr-entity-PartOf-extension"
]
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.PartOf>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "overthecounter",
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"name" : "overthecounter",
"definition" : "True if the medication is available to consumers without a prescription.",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"base" : {
"path" : "Medication.extension",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "*"
},
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Extension",
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/fhirURL/StructureDefinition/shr-entity-OverTheCounter-extension"
]
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.OverTheCounter>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.code",
"path" : "Medication.code",
"name" : "Medication.code",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"binding" : {
"strength" : "extensible",
"valueSetReference" : {
"reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/us/core/ValueSet/us-core-medication-codes"
}
},
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.core.Type>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.isBrand",
"path" : "Medication.isBrand",
"name" : "Medication.isBrand",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.Brand>.<shr.entity.IsBrand>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.manufacturer",
"path" : "Medication.manufacturer",
"name" : "Medication.manufacturer",
"min" : 0,
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Reference",
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/fhirURL/StructureDefinition/shr-entity-Organization"
]
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.Manufacturer>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.product",
"path" : "Medication.product",
"name" : "Medication.product",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false
},
{
"id" : "Medication.product.form",
"path" : "Medication.product.form",
"name" : "Medication.product.form",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"binding" : {
"strength" : "required",
"description" : "The form of a medication",
"valueSetReference" : {
"reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medication-form-codes"
}
},
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.DoseForm>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.product.ingredient",
"path" : "Medication.product.ingredient",
"name" : "Medication.product.ingredient",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false
},
{
"id" : "Medication.product.ingredient.item",
"path" : "Medication.product.ingredient.item",
"name" : "Medication.product.ingredient.item",
"min" : 0,
"type" : [
{
"code" : "Reference",
"profile" : [
"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/fhirURL/StructureDefinition/shr-entity-Substance",
"http://hl7.org/fhir/us/fhirURL/StructureDefinition/shr-entity-Medication"
]
}
],
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.Ingredient>.<shr.entity.SubstanceOrCode>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.product.ingredient.amount",
"path" : "Medication.product.ingredient.amount",
"name" : "Medication.product.ingredient.amount",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.Ingredient>.<shr.entity.IngredientAmount>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.product.batch",
"path" : "Medication.product.batch",
"name" : "Medication.product.batch",
"min" : 0,
"max" : "1",
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false
},
{
"id" : "Medication.product.batch.lotNumber",
"path" : "Medication.product.batch.lotNumber",
"name" : "Medication.product.batch.lotNumber",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.LotNumber>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.product.batch.expirationDate",
"path" : "Medication.product.batch.expirationDate",
"name" : "Medication.product.batch.expirationDate",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.ExpirationDate>"
}
]
},
{
"id" : "Medication.package",
"path" : "Medication.package",
"name" : "Medication.package",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false
},
{
"id" : "Medication.package.container",
"path" : "Medication.package.container",
"name" : "Medication.package.container",
"min" : 0,
"maxLength" : 0,
"mustSupport" : false,
"isModifier" : false,
"isSummary" : false,
"binding" : {
"strength" : "example",
"valueSetReference" : {
"reference" : "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medication-package-form"
}
},
"mapping" : [
{
"identity" : "shr",
"map" : "<shr.entity.Package>"
}
]
}
]
}
}


tang
Table of Contents
- Module Description - What the module does and why it is useful
- Setup - The basics of getting started with tang
- Usage - Configuration options and additional functionality
- Reference - An under-the-hood peek at what the module is doing and how
- Limitations - OS compatibility, etc.
- Development - Guide for contributing to the module
Module Description
This module manages the installation and configuration of the TANG server service - the server side component of Network Bound Disk Encryption (NBDE).
Documentation concerning the TANG service on RHEL/CentOS systems may be found at:
- https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/security_guide/sec-using_network-bound_disk_encryption
- https://rhelblog.redhat.com/2018/04/13/an-easier-way-to-manage-disk-decryption-at-boot-with-red-hat-enterprise-linux-7-5-using-nbde/
Note: NBDE was initilly released with RedHat/CentOS version 7.4 with complete support arriving with RedHat/CentOS 7.5.
Setup
What tang affects
- Packages: tang (yum will also install jose and libjose as dependencies)
- Service: tangd.socket
Beginning with tang
In order to install and configure the TANG server, all that is needed in a puppet code manifest is include ::tang
.
Usage
Install a particular version of the TANG server service
class { 'tang':
package_ensure => '6-1.el7',
}
Reference
Generated puppet strings documentation with examples is available from https://millerjl1701.github.io/millerjl1701-tang.
The puppet strings documentation is also included in the /docs folder.
Limitations
For RedHat/CentOS systems, the TANG server service will only run on version 7.4 or higher. Attempting to use this class with lower versions will likely be problematic.
The RedHat recommended HA configuration for the TANG server service is to deploy two or more TANG servers and register clients to both (all) servers. The alternative approach to HA is to share the TANG server keys between all the servers. While Puppet could allow for this, it will not be implemented at this time due to risk of key compromise.
Development
Please see the CONTRIBUTING document for information on how to get started developing code and submit a pull request for this module. While written in an opinionated fashion at the start, over time this can become less and less the case.
Contributors
To see who is involved with this module, see the GitHub list of contributors or the CONTRIBUTORS document.


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| DOSE: |
repeated |
insufflated |
Cocaine |
(powder / crystals) |
| |
repeated |
smoked |
Heroin |
(tar / resin) |
| |
repeated |
IV |
Cocaine |
(powder / crystals) |
| |
repeated |
IV |
Heroin |
(tar / resin) |
| |
repeated |
|
Various |
|
I started smoking weed in the 5th grade. I promised my self I would never try any other drugs. I even remember where I was sitting and who I was with. Anyway rite now I am 19 years old and I am in intensive out patient rehab after 3 in-patients. Everyone starts doing drugs for different reasons, some just to get high, some to escape, depression ect. I started for no real reason but to get high, just have a good feeling. But from that good feeling it turned into doing it for depression and to escape the world. If you canít deal with the world and the people in it, leave the world
I was at a party smoking and drinking with a few friends on a Friday night. Most of the people there I had no idea who they were. We were all just mingling around and this guy pulled out about 10 grams of coke. Up tell this point I had never done anythin passed weed, acid once, and booze. I figured what the hell, Iíll try it. So I went over to the guy and asked him if I could do some. He cut out 3 lines about 3 inches long each with a razor blade on to a small mirror. He rolled up a dollar bill and gave it to me. I wasnít hesitant at all, probably I was so gaked already. So I did all 3 lines one after another.
If I could tell you it was the best feeling in the world it wouldnít be even close. I feel infinite on coke, like nothing could get to me. Like I am king of the world. For the rest of the night I just kept doing more coke. As it would ware off, Iíd do a few more lines. I felt invincibal. luckly I had some money on me and I bought 4 grams and got the guys number.
I didnít plan to be calling him all the time. I was ganna finnish what I had with some friends and than go back to my old routine. Well I did that and I stopped coke and didnít have another encounter with it for about 3 months. My friend started doing it and I remebered how great it was and I new I still had that guys number. I went on a binge of doing coke everyday for about 2 months. I would wake up and do a few lines before school, and during school in the bath room.  He said that he would give me 3 o's of coke and what I didnít sell I could keep. So the deal was after that, that I get to keep half the cash and I could get as much coke as I wanted for free. I was totally in.
The power that comes from dealing is insane. I would bring in ounces of coke to school a day and people would basically just kiss the ground I walked on. I introduced alot of people I hung out with in school to coke and we would do it all the time. I never didnít have a ton of coke. And the money was great too. I was pulling in 2 g's a week of my own profit.
The hole coke binge of dealing and doing lasted about 6 months. I still did coke basically everyday but it just became normal to me. I wanted to get more into hallucinogens becuase I thought it inhanced my creativity and made me more open to life. So I would do acid about twice a month and do shrooms, synthetic mescaline in between. At this point I was barely ever smoking weed anymore. It got to boring and with my reputation as a big dealer and powerful popular guy weed would make me look bad.
My coke guy introduced me to a few of his friends who were also coke dealers in different places, but also moved alot of heroin. I started sellin the stuff before I even tried it for my self. One day I had some extra smack and wanted to try it since heroin was in a hole different class than the stuff I was doing. I took one of my moms spoons cooked the junk up put it on top of a piece of aluminum foil, held a flame to the bottom of it and smoked it through a straw. The high was great. Just pure nothingness. It was really different from the exciting stimulant high of coke. It was just perfect. Really laid back and amazing. After the first time I did it, I didnít do it again for weeks I did it maby once twice a month for 2 months.
No one new about my heroin habbit, only a few people even new I tried it. I ended up quitting dealing after about 2 years cuz I didnít wanna help people get drugs anymore cuz I new it was bad news and I still thought it was great but didnít wanna be a part of kids fuckin them selves up. So I called the people I worked with and told them I didnít wanna do it anymore but I would occisoanly move some. They said it was cool and still continued to give me free drugs. As time went on I started really focusing my self around my drug habbit. I started shooting heroin now instead of smoking it and the high was 10 times better. I shot coke once in a while too but I really enjoyed the process of cutting lines. Everyone was noticing I had a problem cuz I was doing lines of coke in the middle of class. I was still really popular but really feared.
The first time I tried a speed ball was one to be rememberd. An old girlfriend came over cuz she heard I was a big dealer and could help her out. She asked me if she could try some of the stuff I had. She laid out some coke and some smack and mixed them up together with a credit card. She cooked the mixture up on a spoon of mine and sucked it into her syrigne. I asked her what she was doing and she simply replied 'speedball'. I asked her if she would cook me up a shot while I went down stairs to get some vike and oxy from my garage. When I got back up she was really gaked out and couldnít bring her self to hand me the shot. So I took it and found a good main vein and shot the filth into my self. Wow. It was so great I didnít know what to think. Nothingness. Or craziness. It was both plesablty mixed together.
From then on I would do coke in the morning so I could get throgh the morning, shoot a speedball during the day, and at night shoot more heroin to go to sleep. I did this for days and days. I finally overdosed on oxycontin and was in the hospital for 2 days. My family was crushed and I quit for a while until I did some coke and overdosed on that again. The school mandated me to go to rehab or Iíd get kiked out and the cops were suspecting I dealt the stuff too. The number of people who used coke in my school grew alot. I stayed clean for about 2 months in rehab when I did some ketamine and nitrous at a friends party. I was cheating the drug tests using bleech for months. I finally slipped up and tested positive for ketamine, coke, and speed. That was it I was sent to a full time rehab facility and I have been clean ever since. After a long time of withdrawl.
Do I have any regrets now? Well, no not really. I had a great time on drugs. I mean, money, power, great feelings, but deep down I guess I new it wouldnít last. I donít know where I would of ended up if it wasnít for me over dosing, but I believe everything happens for a reason and whatever the reason was I accept it.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


|
Interface Summary |
| Cca1 |
An encryption scheme that is secure in the presence of preprocessing chosen-ciphertext attacks
(meaning that the decryption oracle is available only before the challenge ciphertext is provided) should implement this interface. |
| Cca2 |
An encryption scheme that is secure in the presence of (full) chosen-ciphertext attacks should implement this interface. |
| CDH |
A group in which the computational Diffie-Hellman problem is assumed to hold should implement this interface. |
| ChannelSecLevel |
This interface is the root interface of the channel security level family. |
| CollisionResistant |
A hash function H is collision resistant if it is infeasible to find two distinct values x and y such that H(x)=H(y). |
| CommitSecLevel |
|
| Covert |
Any protocol that is secure in the presence of covert adversaries should implement this interface. |
| Cpa |
An encryption scheme that is secure in the presence of chosen-plaintext attacks should implement this interface. |
| DDH |
A group in which the decisional Diffie-Hellman problem is assumed to hold should implement this interface. |
| Dlog |
A group in which the discrete log problem is assumed to hold should implement this interface. |
| DlogSecLevel |
This hierarchy specifies the security level of a cyclic group in which “discrete log” hardness is assumed to hold. |
| Eav |
An encryption scheme that is only secure for eavesdropping adversaries (like a stream cipher) should implement this interface. |
| EncSecLevel |
This hierarchy specifies the security level of encryption schemes; it does not differentiate between symmetric and asymmetric encryption. |
| EquivocalCmt |
|
| ExtractableCmt |
|
| FullyTrapdoorCmt |
|
| HashSecLevel |
This hierarchy specifies the security level of a cryptographic hash function. |
| Indistinguishable |
This interface should be used when the security level of the encryption scheme is according to the regular indistinguishability game that defines privacy. |
| MacSignSecLevel |
This hierarchy specifies the security level of a message authentication code (MAC) or digital signature scheme. |
| Malicious |
Any protocol that is secure in the presence of malicious adversaries should implement this interface. |
| NonMalleable |
This interface should be used for encryption schemes that achieve non-malleability, meaning that it is infeasible for an adversary to generate a related ciphertext. |
| NonMalleableCmt |
|
| OneSidedSimulation |
|
| OneTime |
Any MAC or signature scheme that is secure for one-time use only should implement this interface. |
| Perfect |
This interface should be used for any primitive, scheme or protocol that achieves perfect security (e.g., a perfect MAC, one-time pad, perfectly-secure multiparty protocol, and so on). |
| PerfectlyBindingCmt |
Any commitment scheme that is perfectly binding should implement this interface. |
| PerfectlyHidingCmt |
Any commitment scheme that is perfectly hiding should implement this interface. |
| PrivacyOnly |
|
| ProtocolSecLevel |
This interface is the root interface of the security level hierarchy for (secure computation) protocols. |
| SecureCommit |
|
| SecurityLevel |
Many cryptographic primitives and schemes have different security levels. |
| SemiHonest |
Any protocol that is secure in the presence of semi-honest adversaries should implement this interface. |
| StandAlone |
Any protocol that is proven secure in the stand-alone model (where secure protocols are run sequentially and not concurrently) should implement this interface. |
| Statistical |
This interface should be used for any primitive, scheme or protocol that achieves statistical security (e.g., a perfect MAC, one-time pad, perfectly-secure multiparty protocol, and so on). |
| StatisticallyHidingCmt |
|
| TargetCollisionResistant |
A hash function is target collision resistant if it is infeasible for an adversary to succeed in the following game:
the adversary chooses a message x;
next a random key K is chosen for the hash function and given to the adversary;
finally the adversary outputs some y (not equal to x) such that H_K(x)=H_K(y). |
| UC |
Any protocol that is universally composable (aka. |
| UnlimitedTimes |
Any MAC or signature scheme that is secure for an unlimited number of uses should implement this interface. |


rented some nicehash and getting these
2018-10-29 21:01:42 [Pool] [kmdice] (Thread 1) rpc error with daemon instance 0 when submitting block with submitblock {"code":-22,"message":"Block decode failed"}
2018-10-29 21:01:43 [PPLNT] [kmdice] (Thread 1) nh re-joined.
2018-10-29 21:01:44 [Pool] [kmdice] (Thread 1) Authorized nh:x [::ffff:ip]
2018-10-29 21:01:44 [Pool] [kmdice] (Thread 1) rpc error with daemon instance 0 when submitting block with submitblock {"code":-22,"message":"Block decode failed"}


Chapter 6 Average and SD in R
In the last chapter, we learned how to discribe the location and spread of a variable using the average and SD. I suggested that we can describe a large collection of numbers as: “…about ________, give or take ________ or so.” (The average belongs in the first blank; the SD belongs in the second.)
We also learned how to compute the average and SD with paper-and-pencil to help us understand how these summaries work.
In this chapter, I show how to compute the average, SD, and related summaries.
6.1 mean()
and sd()
If we have a vector of data, we can easily calculate the average and SD in R using the mean()
and sd()
functions in R. (Note that the sd()
function uses a slightly different formula, but the difference usually isn’t important in practice.)
# create variable x = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
x <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
# compute two-number summary
mean(x) # average
## [1] 3
## [1] 1.581139
na.rm = TRUE
to each function (the default is na.rm = FALSE
). How does this argument alter the calculations? Does the default beahvior make sense?
6.1.1 A Note About R’s sd()
Function
For reasons I don’t want to deal with now, R uses the formula \(SD = \sqrt{\dfrac{(x_i - \text{avg}(X))^2}{n - 1}}\) rather than \(\sqrt{\dfrac{(x_i - \text{avg}(X))^2}{n}}\). At the “M” stage of RMS, the sd()
function divides by one less than the number of observations (or \(n - 1\)) rather than just the number of observations (\(n\)). In fairness to the software developers, the “one less” approach is more common, but is connected to ideas we’ll learn later in the class. For now, just realize that there are two ways to compute the SD and that R’s SD will be slightly larger than the SD with my formula. Importantly, the difference will be tiny in datasets with a typical number of observations.
# illustrating the difference in R's sd() formula
# R's method (see above)
# our method
deviations <- x - mean(x) # compute the deviations from the average
s <- deviations^2 # square: the "s" in RMS of deviations
m <- mean(s) # mean: the "m" in RMS of deviations
r <- sqrt(m) # root: the "r" in RMS of deviations
print(r) # RMS of deviations = SD
## [1] 1.414214
For this small dataset, R’s method (divide by \(n - 1\) at the M-step) gives an answer of 1.58. Our method (divide by \(n\) at the m-step, the way we usually would for an average) gives an answer of 1.41.
6.2 Other Summaries
We can also use other obviously-named functions to compute the other summaries from the previous chapter. The only tricky part is that you must supply the percentiles you want as a proportion to the prob
argument for the quantile()
function.
## [1] 1
## 25%
## 2
## [1] 3
## 75%
## 4
## [1] 5
## [1] 1 2 3 4 5
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 1 2 3 3 4 5
## [1] 2
fivenum()
and summary()
functions. Compute the interquartile range.
na.rm = FALSE
(the default) and na.rm = TRUE
. How does this argument alter the calculations? Does the default beahvior make sense? Now try the fivenum()
and summary()
function without supplying na.rm = TRUE
. Does the default behavior differ?
6.3 Data Frame Nuance
We can compute on variables in data frames using the data$variable
syntax we learned earlier in the semester. If the vector (or “variable” or “collection of numbers”) that we want to use is contained in a data frame, then we need to remember to use the data$variable
syntax to give R permission to use that variable.
# load packages
library(tidyverse)
# load nominate data
nominate_df <- read_rds("data/nominate.rds")
# compute summaries on variable "ideology" in the data frame "nominate_df"
## compute two-number summary, without removing NA values
mean(nominate_df$ideology) # average
## [1] NA
## [1] NA
We run into an issue with the NA
values. Because the ideology score is missing for one representative who never cast a vote, we cannot compute the average, which requires us to sum all the observations. If we don’t know all the values, then we don’t know the sum.
As a quick fix, we can just ignore the missing values. We can tell R to remove the NA
values before computing each statistic using the na.rm = TRUE
argument.
## compute two-number summary, without removing NA values
mean(nominate_df$ideology, na.rm = TRUE) # average
## [1] 0.02323167
## [1] 0.4183598
## [1] -0.766
## 25%
## -0.378
## [1] -0.038
## 75%
## 0.405
## [1] 0.939
## [1] -0.766 -0.378 -0.038 0.405 0.939
## alternatively, but with average included
summary(nominate_df$ideology) # this function also drops NA values by default
## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max. NA's
## -0.76600 -0.37800 -0.03800 0.02323 0.40500 0.93900 1
## [1] 0.783
health.rds
and compute the two-number and five-number summaries (all separately) for the variable percent_uninsured
.
6.4 The group_by()
/summarize()
Workflow
The mean()
, sd()
, and other functions above work nicely for computing these summaries using all the values of a variable.
But in most cases, we are interested in comparing the the average (or another summary) across groups. We usually want to compute the averages for men and women, the average for each of the 50 U.S. states, or the average for each party in each congress, for example.
Let’s take a close look at the nominate dataset.
# load packages
library(tidyverse)
# load nominate data
nominate_df <- read_rds("data/nominate.rds")
# quick look
glimpse(nominate_df)
## Rows: 7,080
## Columns: 7
## $ congress <int> 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, …
## $ chamber <chr> "House", "House", "House", "House", "House", "House", "House…
## $ state <chr> "AL", "AL", "AL", "AL", "AL", "AL", "AL", "AK", "AZ", "AZ", …
## $ district <int> 2, 4, 3, 5, 6, 1, 7, 1, 2, 3, 5, 4, 1, 3, 1, 4, 2, 36, 10, 2…
## $ party <fct> Republican, Democrat, Democrat, Democrat, Democrat, Republic…
## $ name <chr> "DICKINSON, William Louis", "BEVILL, Tom", "NICHOLS, William…
## $ ideology <dbl> 0.398, -0.213, -0.042, -0.175, -0.060, 0.373, -0.085, 0.279,…
For these data, we might want to know the average ideology for Republicans and Democrats. We could do it the hard way, using filter()
to create separate datasets for Republicans and Democrats.
# create a data frame with only republicans
rep_df <- filter(nominate_df, party == "Republican")
# compute average
mean(rep_df$ideology, na.rm = TRUE)
## [1] 0.4213385
But this is tedious, especially if we wanted to do it by party and Congress. That would be two parties and 16 Congresses–32 separate datasets to create and compute the average with.
Much like faceting allows us to draw lots of plots for different subsets of the data, the group_by()
/summarize()
workflow allows us to do the same thing for averages (or other summaries).
As you might guess, the group_by()
/summarize()
workflow has two steps: a grouping step and a summarizing step.
6.4.1 group_by()
group_by()
defines groups in the data frame. The first argument is the data frame to group. The remaining arguments are the grouping variables. You can think if the groups as a footnote at the bottom of the data set that just mentions the variables that define the groups of interest.
# group the data frame by party and congress
grouped_df <- group_by(nominate_df, party, congress)
# quick look at the grouped data frame; notice the groups
glimpse(grouped_df)
## Rows: 7,080
## Columns: 7
## Groups: party, congress [32]
## $ congress <int> 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, …
## $ chamber <chr> "House", "House", "House", "House", "House", "House", "House…
## $ state <chr> "AL", "AL", "AL", "AL", "AL", "AL", "AL", "AK", "AZ", "AZ", …
## $ district <int> 2, 4, 3, 5, 6, 1, 7, 1, 2, 3, 5, 4, 1, 3, 1, 4, 2, 36, 10, 2…
## $ party <fct> Republican, Democrat, Democrat, Democrat, Democrat, Republic…
## $ name <chr> "DICKINSON, William Louis", "BEVILL, Tom", "NICHOLS, William…
## $ ideology <dbl> 0.398, -0.213, -0.042, -0.175, -0.060, 0.373, -0.085, 0.279,…
Notice that glimpse()
shows us the groups that we defined: party, congress [32]
. This means that this data set now has 32 groups, one for each party-Congress combination.
6.4.2 summarize()
After grouping, we use summarize()
to create summaries for each group. Whenever we use summarize()
on a grouped data frame, summarize()
will compute quantities for each group. Since we created a group for each party-Congress, we can now use summarize to find the average for each, for example.
The first argument to summarize()
is the grouped data frame to summarize. The remaining arguments are the summaries to compute. As examples, let’s compute the average, SD, and median.
# group the data frame by party and congress
grouped_df <- group_by(nominate_df, party, congress)
# summarize the grouped data frame (across the groups)
summarized_df <- summarize(grouped_df,
average = mean(ideology, na.rm = TRUE),
sd = sd(ideology, na.rm = TRUE),
median = median(ideology, na.rm = TRUE))
## `summarise()` regrouping output by 'party' (override with `.groups` argument)
## Rows: 32
## Columns: 5
## Groups: party [2]
## $ party <fct> Democrat, Democrat, Democrat, Democrat, Democrat, Democrat, …
## $ congress <int> 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, …
## $ average <dbl> -0.3092901, -0.3130075, -0.3142407, -0.3333065, -0.3615000, …
## $ sd <dbl> 0.1653092, 0.1664293, 0.1658089, 0.1609726, 0.1524251, 0.137…
## $ median <dbl> -0.3200, -0.3200, -0.3200, -0.3360, -0.3815, -0.3835, -0.384…
Notice three important things above.
summarize()
returns a data frame with one row per group.- There are two types of variables in the new data frame.
- First, we have one variable for each grouping variable from the original data frame. Together, these identify each group.
- Second, the names of the second, third, …, arguments become variables in the resulting data frame. These variables contain the summaries for each group.
We now have a data frame with our desired summaries. For the first row in the dataset, we have the average, SD, and median for the Democrats in the 100th Congress. The party
and congress
variables identify the group. The average
, sd
, and median
variables contain the summaries for that group.
filter()
create a dataset that contains only observations from the 115th Congress. The use group_by()
and summarize()
to compute the average ideology for each state’s delegation. Select the Environment tab in the upper-right panel. Click on the data frame with the summaries. Explore the values. What state has the most conservative delegation? Most liberal?
group_by()
and summarize()
to compute the minimum and maximum ideology for each congress (regardless of party). Select the Environment tab in the upper-right panel. Click on the data frame with the summaries. Explore the values.
6.5 geom_line()
Because summarize()
returns a data frame, we can easily work with it in ggplot. Let’s draw a **line plot* with congress
mapped to the x
aesthetic, average
mapped to the y
aesthetic, and party
mapped to the color
aesthetic. To draw a line plot rather than a histogram, we can use geom_line()
as the geometry.
# plot the average ideology by party and congress
ggplot(summarized_df, aes(x = congress, y = average, color = party)) +
geom_line()
group_by()
and summarize()
to compute the minimum and maximum ideology for each congress (regardless of party). Select the Environment tab in the upper-right panel. Click on the data frame with the summaries. Explore the values. Create a line plot of the minimum across Congresses. Repeat for the maximum. Do any interesting patterns emerge? Would you say there’s a strong pattern or trend? Or do the results seem idiosyncratic?
Solution
# load packages
library(tidyverse)
# load nominate data
nominate_df <- read_rds("data/nominate.rds")
# group the data frame by congress
grouped_df <- group_by(nominate_df, congress)
# summarize the grouped data frame (across the groups)
summarized_df <- summarize(grouped_df,
minimum = min(ideology, na.rm = TRUE),
maximum = max(ideology, na.rm = TRUE))
# plot the minimum across congresses
ggplot(summarized_df, aes(x = congress, y = minimum)) +
geom_line()


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It is to serve as a guide book to learning code and implementing it to your own projects. With the advent of the internet, websites have become more and more convoluted with various languages being invented to make them precise, filled with information (or content), using HTML5, to making them aesthetic and beautiful, using CSS3, to storing enormous amounts of data in the form of humongous databases, using SQL and noSQL, and to program the behavior of web pages, using Javascript.
There are many desktop and server programs which use JavaScript, for example Node.js is the best known. Some databases, like MongoDB and CouchDB, also use JavaScript as their programming language.
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Programming skills are beneficial even if you don’t work in a marketing role. Let’s say you’re a sales rep: If a potential customer asks you a technical question, you can answer immediately instead of consulting an engineer.
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3 years 40 weeks ago by E-Mike |
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| Pool temperature monitor | 28 | 3 years 40 weeks ago by dsarrut |
2 years 50 weeks ago by Jérôme |
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| EmonGLCD with RPi and british summer time. | 0 | 3 years 40 weeks ago by E-Mike |
n/a | |
| New entry | 16 | 3 years 41 weeks ago by Mattia Rossi |
3 years 38 weeks ago by Mattia Rossi |
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| Where to start for a new house | 12 | 3 years 41 weeks ago by lunarok |
3 years 40 weeks ago by lunarok |
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| Direction needed please .............. | 2 | 3 years 41 weeks ago by Guest |
3 years 41 weeks ago by Guest |
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| Which meter to believe ? | 11 | 3 years 41 weeks ago by nothing clever |
3 years 39 weeks ago by Guest |
|
| Building a Mk2i ... now testing 3phase energy diverter | 100 | 3 years 41 weeks ago by Petrik |
2 years 2 days ago by Robert Wall |
|
| [fr] Article about OEM on Da Linux French Page | 2 | 3 years 42 weeks ago by Jérôme |
3 years 42 weeks ago by Jérôme |
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| Automating Mk2 Router with light sensor | 0 | 3 years 42 weeks ago by thewaver |
n/a | |
| The National Grid on Fully Charged | 1 | 3 years 42 weeks ago by dBC |
3 years 42 weeks ago by richmc |
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| RS485 shield | 0 | 3 years 42 weeks ago by roy swaby |
n/a | |
| Mk2. PV Router help needed please. | 12 | 3 years 42 weeks ago by solar |
3 years 41 weeks ago by solar |
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| How to build a breadboard based Raspberry Pi energy monitor | 7 | 3 years 43 weeks ago by Guest |
2 years 46 weeks ago by Robert Wall |
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| Picture of nasty mixed loads. | 8 | 3 years 43 weeks ago by dBC |
3 years 43 weeks ago by dBC |
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| EMON Current Only Incorrect Power Readings at Idle | 4 | 3 years 43 weeks ago by Guest |
3 years 43 weeks ago by calypso_rae |
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| RaspberryPi as emonBase forwarder only - SD card life expectancy concern | 26 | 3 years 43 weeks ago by Jérôme |
2 years 35 weeks ago by g_mascolo |
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| Simulation tool | 1 | 3 years 43 weeks ago by Guest |
3 years 43 weeks ago by Robert Wall |
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| Led widget | 10 | 3 years 43 weeks ago by Guest |
3 years 43 weeks ago by Guest |
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| Having problems checking out in the online shop | 3 | 3 years 43 weeks ago by nothing clever |
3 years 43 weeks ago by glyn.hudson |
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| Error in example temp sketch | 16 | 3 years 44 weeks ago by boelle |
3 years 43 weeks ago by glyn.hudson |
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| Hydrogen is coming. | 0 | 3 years 44 weeks ago by RobP |
n/a | |
| Help required in building RPi Energy monitor | 0 | 3 years 44 weeks ago by Guest |
n/a | |
| Ofgem will downgrade your installation! | 3 | 3 years 44 weeks ago by noah |
3 years 44 weeks ago by richmc |
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| emoncms mysql data types | 0 | 3 years 44 weeks ago by svetsch |
n/a | |
| emoncms + raspberrypi computation errors | 4 | 3 years 44 weeks ago by svetsch |
3 years 44 weeks ago by svetsch |
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| Operation without emoncms | 1 | 3 years 44 weeks ago by Guest |
3 years 44 weeks ago by Robert Wall |
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| Home Appliances Control | 3 | 3 years 45 weeks ago by Guest |
3 years 45 weeks ago by JBecker |
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| Google Global Impact Challenge | 0 | 3 years 45 weeks ago by richardashwell |
n/a | |
| German user group | 2 | 3 years 45 weeks ago by tango |
3 years 2 days ago by Spexx |
|
| RF Data Structure for PV Router Systems | 7 | 3 years 45 weeks ago by calypso_rae |
3 years 45 weeks ago by calypso_rae |
|
| Adding Power display to Robin's PV diverter | 0 | 3 years 45 weeks ago by 9fingers |
n/a | |
| Solar Diverter Build Confusions... | 1 | 3 years 45 weeks ago by logic |
3 years 45 weeks ago by Robert Wall |
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| help needed | 16 | 3 years 45 weeks ago by roy swaby |
3 years 43 weeks ago by roy swaby |
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| RFM12Pi Repeater to extend range | 6 | 3 years 46 weeks ago by tango |
3 years 45 weeks ago by tango |
|
| Might be of interest | 1 | 3 years 46 weeks ago by PaulOckenden |
3 years 45 weeks ago by RobP |


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