The Auth System¶
Overview¶
Swift supports a number of auth systems that share the following common characteristics:
- The authentication/authorization part can be an external system or a subsystem run within Swift as WSGI middleware
- The user of Swift passes in an auth token with each request
- Swift validates each token with the external auth system or auth subsystem and caches the result
- The token does not change from request to request, but does expire
The token can be passed into Swift using the X-Auth-Token or the X-Storage-Token header. Both have the same format: just a simple string representing the token. Some auth systems use UUID tokens, some an MD5 hash of something unique, some use “something else” but the salient point is that the token is a string which can be sent as-is back to the auth system for validation.
Swift will make calls to the auth system, giving the auth token to be validated. For a valid token, the auth system responds with an overall expiration time in seconds from now. To avoid the overhead in validating the same token over and over again, Swift will cache the token for a configurable time, but no longer than the expiration time.
The Swift project includes two auth systems:
It is also possible to write your own auth system as described in Extending Auth.
TempAuth¶
TempAuth is used primarily in Swift’s functional test environment and can be used in other test environments (such as SAIO - Swift All In One). It is not recommended to use TempAuth in a production system. However, TempAuth is fully functional and can be used as a model to develop your own auth system.
TempAuth has the concept of admin and non-admin users within an account. Admin users can do anything within the account. Non-admin users can only perform read operations. However, some privileged metadata such as X-Container-Sync-Key is not accessible to non-admin users.
Users with the special group .reseller_admin
can operate on any account.
For an example usage please see swift.common.middleware.tempauth
.
If a request is coming from a reseller the auth system sets the request environ
reseller_request to True. This can be used by other middlewares.
Other users may be granted the ability to perform operations on an account or container via ACLs. TempAuth supports two types of ACL:
- Per container ACLs based on the
container’s
X-Container-Read
andX-Container-Write
metadata. See Container ACLs for more information. - Per account ACLs based on the account’s
X-Account-Access-Control
metadata. For more information see Account ACLs.
TempAuth will now allow OPTIONS requests to go through without a token.
The TempAuth middleware is responsible for creating its own tokens. A user makes a request containing their username and password and TempAuth responds with a token. This token is then used to perform subsequent requests on the user’s account, containers and objects.
Keystone Auth¶
Swift is able to authenticate against OpenStack Keystone. In this environment, Keystone is responsible for creating and validating tokens. The KeystoneAuth middleware is responsible for implementing the auth system within Swift as described here.
The KeystoneAuth middleware supports per container based ACLs on the
container’s X-Container-Read
and X-Container-Write
metadata.
For more information see Container ACLs.
The account-level ACL is not supported by Keystone auth.
In order to use the keystoneauth
middleware the auth_token
middleware from KeystoneMiddleware will need to be configured.
The authtoken
middleware performs the authentication token
validation and retrieves actual user authentication information. It
can be found in the KeystoneMiddleware distribution.
The KeystoneAuth middleware performs authorization and mapping the Keystone roles to Swift’s ACLs.
Configuring Swift to use Keystone¶
Configuring Swift to use Keystone
is relatively straightforward. The first
step is to ensure that you have the auth_token
middleware installed. It can
either be dropped in your python path or installed via the KeystoneMiddleware
package.
You need at first make sure you have a service endpoint of type
object-store
in Keystone pointing to your Swift proxy. For example
having this in your /etc/keystone/default_catalog.templates
catalog.RegionOne.object_store.name = Swift Service
catalog.RegionOne.object_store.publicURL = http://swiftproxy:8080/v1/AUTH_$(tenant_id)s
catalog.RegionOne.object_store.adminURL = http://swiftproxy:8080/
catalog.RegionOne.object_store.internalURL = http://swiftproxy:8080/v1/AUTH_$(tenant_id)s
On your Swift proxy server you will want to adjust your main pipeline
and add auth_token and keystoneauth in your
/etc/swift/proxy-server.conf
like this
[pipeline:main]
pipeline = [....] authtoken keystoneauth proxy-logging proxy-server
add the configuration for the authtoken middleware:
[filter:authtoken]
paste.filter_factory = keystonemiddleware.auth_token:filter_factory
auth_uri = http://keystonehost:5000/
auth_url = http://keystonehost:35357/
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
project_name = service
username = swift
password = password
cache = swift.cache
include_service_catalog = False
delay_auth_decision = True
The actual values for these variables will need to be set depending on your situation, but in short:
auth_uri
should point to a Keystone service from which users may retrieve tokens. This value is used in the WWW-Authenticate header that auth_token sends with any denial response.auth_url
points to the Keystone Admin service. This information is used by the middleware to actually query Keystone about the validity of the authentication tokens. It is not necessary to append any Keystone API version number to this URI.- The auth credentials (
project_domain_id
,user_domain_id
,username
,project_name
,password
) will be used to retrieve an admin token. That token will be used to authorize user tokens behind the scenes. These credentials must match the Keystone credentials for the Swift service. The example values shown here assume a user named ‘swift’ with admin role on a project named ‘service’, both being in the Keystone domain with id ‘default’. Refer to the KeystoneMiddleware documentation for other examples. cache
is set toswift.cache
. This means that the middleware will get the Swift memcache from the request environment.include_service_catalog
defaults toTrue
if not set. This means that when validating a token, the service catalog is retrieved and stored in theX-Service-Catalog
header. Since Swift does not use theX-Service-Catalog
header, there is no point in getting the service catalog. We recommend you setinclude_service_catalog
toFalse
.
Note
The authtoken config variable delay_auth_decision
must be set to
True
. The default is False
, but that breaks public access,
StaticWeb, FormPost, TempURL, and authenticated
capabilities requests (using Discoverability).
and you can finally add the keystoneauth configuration. Here is a simple configuration:
[filter:keystoneauth]
use = egg:swift#keystoneauth
operator_roles = admin, swiftoperator
Use an appropriate list of roles in operator_roles. For example, in
some systems, the role _member_
or Member
is used to indicate
that the user is allowed to operate on project resources.
OpenStack Service Using Composite Tokens¶
Some OpenStack services such as Cinder and Glance may use a “service account”. In this mode, you configure a separate account where the service stores project data that it manages. This account is not used directly by the end-user. Instead, all access is done through the service.
To access the “service” account, the service must present two tokens: one from the end-user and another from its own service user. Only when both tokens are present can the account be accessed. This section describes how to set the configuration options to correctly control access to both the “normal” and “service” accounts.
In this example, end users use the AUTH_
prefix in account names,
whereas services use the SERVICE_
prefix:
[filter:keystoneauth]
use = egg:swift#keystoneauth
reseller_prefix = AUTH, SERVICE
operator_roles = admin, swiftoperator
SERVICE_service_roles = service
The actual values for these variable will need to be set depending on your situation as follows:
- The first item in the reseller_prefix list must match Keystone’s endpoint
(see
/etc/keystone/default_catalog.templates
above). Normally this isAUTH
. - The second item in the reseller_prefix list is the prefix used by the
OpenStack services(s). You must configure this value (
SERVICE
in the example) with whatever the other OpenStack service(s) use. - Set the operator_roles option to contain a role or roles that end-user’s have on project’s they use.
- Set the SERVICE_service_roles value to a role or roles that only the
OpenStack service user has. Do not use a role that is assigned to
“normal” end users. In this example, the role
service
is used. The service user is granted this role to a single project only. You do not need to make the service user a member of every project.
This configuration works as follows:
- The end-user presents a user token to an OpenStack service. The service
then makes a Swift request to the account with the
SERVICE
prefix. - The service forwards the original user token with the request. It also adds it’s own service token.
- Swift validates both tokens. When validated, the user token gives the
admin
orswiftoperator
role(s). When validated, the service token gives theservice
role. - Swift interprets the above configuration as follows:
- Did the user token provide one of the roles listed in operator_roles?
- Did the service token have the
service
role as described by theSERVICE_service_roles
options.
- If both conditions are met, the request is granted. Otherwise, Swift rejects the request.
In the above example, all services share the same account. You can separate
each service into its own account. For example, the following provides a
dedicated account for each of the Glance and Cinder services. In addition,
you must assign the glance_service
and cinder_service
to the
appropriate service users:
[filter:keystoneauth]
use = egg:swift#keystoneauth
reseller_prefix = AUTH, IMAGE, VOLUME
operator_roles = admin, swiftoperator
IMAGE_service_roles = glance_service
VOLUME_service_roles = cinder_service
Access control using keystoneauth¶
By default the only users able to perform operations (e.g. create a container)
on an account are those having a Keystone role for the corresponding Keystone
project that matches one of the roles specified in the operator_roles
option.
Users who have one of the operator_roles
will be able to set container ACLs
to grant other users permission to read and/or write objects in specific
containers, using X-Container-Read
and X-Container-Write
headers
respectively. In addition to the ACL formats described
here
, keystoneauth supports ACLs using the
format:
other_project_id:other_user_id.
where other_project_id
is the UUID of a Keystone project and
other_user_id
is the UUID of a Keystone user. This will allow the other
user to access a container provided their token is scoped on the other
project. Both other_project_id
and other_user_id
may be replaced with
the wildcard character *
which will match any project or user respectively.
Be sure to use Keystone UUIDs rather than names in container ACLs.
Note
For backwards compatibility, keystoneauth will by default grant container
ACLs expressed as other_project_name:other_user_name
(i.e. using
Keystone names rather than UUIDs) in the special case when both the other
project and the other user are in Keystone’s default domain and the project
being accessed is also in the default domain.
For further information see KeystoneAuth
Users with the Keystone role defined in reseller_admin_role
(ResellerAdmin
by default) can operate on any account. The auth system
sets the request environ reseller_request to True if a request is coming
from a user with this role. This can be used by other middlewares.
Troubleshooting tips for keystoneauth deployment¶
Some common mistakes can result in API requests failing when first deploying keystone with Swift:
Incorrect configuration of the Swift endpoint in the Keystone service.
By default, keystoneauth expects the account part of a URL to have the form
AUTH_<keystone_project_id>
. Sometimes theAUTH_
prefix is missed when configuring Swift endpoints in Keystone, as described in the Install Guide. This is easily diagnosed by inspecting the proxy-server log file for a failed request URL and checking that the URL includes theAUTH_
prefix (or whatever reseller prefix may have been configured for keystoneauth):GOOD: proxy-server: <IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS> 07/Sep/2016/16/06/58 HEAD /v1/AUTH_cfb8d9d45212408b90bc0776117aec9e HTTP/1.0 204 ... BAD: proxy-server: <IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS> 07/Sep/2016/16/07/35 HEAD /v1/cfb8d9d45212408b90bc0776117aec9e HTTP/1.0 403 ...
Incorrect configuration of the
authtoken
middleware options in the Swift proxy server.The
authtoken
middleware communicates with the Keystone service to validate tokens that are presented with client requests. To do thisauthtoken
must authenticate itself with Keystone using the credentials configured in the[filter:authtoken]
section of/etc/swift/proxy-server.conf
. Errors in these credentials can result inauthtoken
failing to validate tokens and may be revealed in the proxy server logs by a message such as:proxy-server: Identity server rejected authorization
Note
More detailed log messaging may be seen by setting the
authtoken
optionlog_level = debug
.The
authtoken
configuration options may be checked by attempting to use them to communicate directly with Keystone using anopenstack
command line. For example, given theauthtoken
configuration sample shown in Configuring Swift to use Keystone, the following command should return a service catalog:openstack --os-identity-api-version=3 --os-auth-url=http://keystonehost:5000/ \ --os-username=swift --os-user-domain-id=default \ --os-project-name=service --os-project-domain-id=default \ --os-password=password catalog show object-store
If this
openstack
command fails then it is likely that there is a problem with theauthtoken
configuration.
Extending Auth¶
TempAuth is written as wsgi middleware, so implementing your own auth is as easy as writing new wsgi middleware, and plugging it in to the proxy server. The Swauth project is an example of an additional auth service.
See Auth Server and Middleware for detailed information on extending the auth system.


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Release 1: Exploring Your Value
"When you think of the times in your life where you’ve been the happiest, the proudest, or the most satisfied, which of the following values come to mind?"
Answers:
Release 2: Values in your Life
"In general, I try to live up to these values:""
Disagree 1 ----- 2 ----- 3 ----- 4 ----- (5) Agree
Release 3: Select a value
"Pick one value and write a couple of sentences about why the value you chose is important to you."
Enthusiasm: Passion, but more family-friendly? To live enthusiastically, it's not enough to simply have passions, you must also openly embrace them. Enthusiasm is a celebratory virtue, one that brings happiness to both yourself, and to others who share it with you. Dicussing common passions is one of the primary ways I connect with other people. Enthusiasm is one of the easiest values to achieve within ourselves, but it can also lead to many others on the list in how it enables us to invoke and focus our energy toward a goal.
Release 4: Advice
"What was the last topic that someone asked for your advice on? Did it relate to any of the values you found important?"
Depending on how you define "advice," that last topic was either querying with PostgreSQL, or where to find the best Chinese food delivery. I certainly have enthusiasm for both these topics, though the former does more to feed the Accomplishment, Challenge, Intellectual status, and similar values, while the latter is more abotu Friendships and Serenity.
Release 5: Values and Stereotype threat
"How do you feel when you think about your values? Do you think it can help you mediate stereotype threat if you recognize you feel it?"
I'm pretty satisfied with my list of values. Convenient, since the list includes Self-knowledge and Serenity. I'm willing to admit some inclusions and omissions both: I do care more about Intellectual status and Recognition than I would like, and in the same way less about Environmentalism and Volunteering.
I'm sure I've experienced Stereotype bias at some point in my life (I do have tools to combat selection bias), but it's difficult to bring any instances to mind. The reality, sad or otherwise, is that there aren't very many negative, ability-focused stereotypes surrounding what is the quintessential privileged majority group: white, heterosexual, cis-, able-bodied, college-educated men, for whom the greatest stereotype is the absence of stereotypes. That, and we can't dance. Come to think of it, that second one might hit closer to home than I expected: I'll try to keep up my affirmation the next time I go clubbing.
(As a side note, following up on last week's post, it's still pretty fascinating that affirmation can actually decrease the rate of sterotyping itself, according to Martens et al. (2006), as cited in the article linked with this challenge.)


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AMERICAN BEAUTY (Dreamworks) Directed by Sam Mendes
There have been plenty of other movies about the shallow values of suburbanites, but few have been as consistently -- and bitterly -- funny as "American Beauty," a fairly astonishing debut film from British stage director Sam Mendes. In the same way Chinese director Ang Lee found fresh perspectives on the 1970s in "The Ice Storm," Mendes takes a commonplace setting and a familiar-looking cast of characters and twists them into frightening, fascinating new forms, with a considerable amount of assistance from screenwriter Alan Ball (another first-timer) and a superb cast.
The premise of "Beauty" won't strike anyone as particularly revolutionary, and, in fact, the film initially seems like it's going to wind up as an updating of "Lolita," or worse, a send-up of the now-dusty Amy Fisher scandal. Instead, it reveals its inspiration to be "Sunset Boulevard," the seriocomic 1950 shocker about the quest to recapture lost youth through an utterly futile love affair.
"Beauty" delights in confounding our expectations again and again, letting us make assumptions and then shattering them moments later. In the blissfully boring homes that line Robin Hood Trail, where most of the action takes place, an innocuous bottle of root beer can serve as an aphrodisiac, a plain white platter might turn out to be a piece of china from the Third Reich and a once-reliable daddy might suddenly decide to quit his job and devote his days to working out and getting high.
That 42-year-old drop-out is Lester Burnham (Kevin Spacey), one of those guys who probably gets misty-eyed when he sees those VW Bug commercials with the tagline, "if you sold your soul in the '80s...". "Both my wife and my daughter think I'm a gigantic loser," Lester notes in his narration of the story, "and they're right." Carolyn Burnham (Annette Bening) is an overzealous real estate agent who's so absorbed in visions of commissions and "sold" signs she barely even notices her husband, and teenage Janie (Thora Birch) has drifted away from the family and settled in on her own perpetually overcast island of adolescent angst. Conversations between the three are few, and the ones that do develop are generally spiked with sarcasm. When Lester asks Janie about her day in school, she dryly replies, "it was spectacular."
"I fantasize about a life that doesn't so closely resemble Hell," Lester says, and it turns out most of his reveries involve Janie's friend Angela (Mena Suvari), an aspiring model with a baby doll face and a call girl's bravado. "I'm used to guys drooling over me," she sighes, in a tone that suggests both weariness and delight.
Lester first sees Angela performing in a halftime show at a high school basketball game. The number is atrocious (a smart bit of spoofery on the part of choreographer Paula Abdul), but Lester is transfixed by the girl nonetheless, and it's not long before he's jogging and pumping iron regularly in an attempt to trim down his slightly flabby physique. At the same time, the other members of the Burnham household have found outside interests as well: Carolyn is spending long lunch hours trying to wheedle sales secrets out of local real estate king Buddy Kane (Peter Gallagher), while Janie has taken an interest in the boy next door, a slightly menacing-looking kid named Ricky (Wes Bentley) who keeps clean urine samples in his freezer just in case his dad (Chris Cooper) wants to check him for drug use.
Ball's script will ultimately string all of these people together, although not always in ways you might expect. In its probe of what lies beneath the shiny surface of everday life, "Beauty" sometimes recalls writer-director David Lynch's "Blue Velvet" or his ground-breaking TV series "Twin Peaks." Although Mendes is not quite as audacious a director as Lynch was in his heyday, the film is often visually arresting, with dazzling use of colors (particularly red) and motifs: Lester fantasizes about Angela bathing in rose petals, while the increasingly shrewish Carolyn trots around in a blouse adorned with a gaudy rose pattern.
In the underrated 1994 sleeper "The Ref," Spacey showed he has no equal when it comes to spitting out acidic recriminations and Ball gives him a choice selection of them here. Whether he's describing the high point of his day -- hint: it takes place in the shower -- or warning Janie "you'd better watch it, or you're going to turn into a real bitch, just like your mother," Spacey consistently nails that simmering rage that's been bubbling inside Lester for who knows how long. It's a magnificent comic performance.
Although she's undeniably amusing, Bening's hypertense Carolyn is slightly more problematic, sometimes careening close to caricature. She's ultimately grounded by two offbeat and oddly poignant crying scenes that show the woman's facade slipping and Carolyn literally trying to slap it back into place. Birch, Bentley and especially the wide-eyed Suvari all excel as they pull the strings of the adults around them. Even the supporting actors stand out here, particularly Allison Janney as a Stepford Wife whose batteries are running low and Cooper as a martinet with a mercurial temper and some unexpected needs. James Sanford
The review above was posted to the
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--- title: nbdev tuotrial on WSL2 and input() test keywords: fastai sidebar: home_sidebar summary: "input() makes the nbdev page generation fail under Windows 10 becuase of a known bug. It work in WSL2 (runiing in Windows 10) though" description: "input() makes the nbdev page generation fail under Windows 10 becuase of a known bug. It work in WSL2 (runiing in Windows 10) though" nb_path: "00_core.ipynb" ---
say_hello("Thierry")
assert say_hello("Jeremy")=="Hello Jeremy!"
def test_input():
localVariable = input()
print(localVariable)
test_input()


Discovermovie helps you discover movies based on the actors who starded in it.
Find me movies with ... in them.
This product uses the TMDb API but is not endorsed or certified by TMDb.


Kisaan Seva Kendra
Ongoing Projects
PM Kisaan Scheme
PM Kisan is a Central Sector scheme with 100% funding from Government of India. It has become operational from 1.12.2018. Under the scheme an income support of 6,000/- per year in three equal installments will be provided to small and marginal farmer families having combined land holding/ownership of upto 2 hectares. Definition of family for the scheme is husband, wife and minor children. State Government and UT administration will identify the farmer families which are eligible for support as per scheme guidelines. The fund will be directly transferred to the bank accounts of the beneficiaries. The first instalment for the period 1.12.2018 to 31.03.2019 is to be provided in the financial year itself. There are various Exclusion Categories for the scheme..


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java.io.Serializable
public final class MutableClock
extends java.time.Clock
implements java.io.Serializable
This class is designed for testing clock-sensitive components by simulating
the passage of time. This class differs from Clock.fixed(Instant, ZoneId)
and Clock.offset(Clock, Duration)
in
that it permits arbitrary, unrestricted updates to its instant. This allows
for testing patterns that are not well-supported by the fixed
and
offset
clocks such as the following pattern:
This class is mutable. The time-zone of the clock is fixed, but the instant may be updated at will.
The instant may be set to any value even if that new value is less than the previous value. Caution should be exercised when moving the clock backwards, since clock-sensitive components are likely to assume that time is monotonically increasing.
Update semantics are expressed in terms of ZonedDateTime
. The steps
of each update are as follows:
ZonedDateTime
via ZonedDateTime.now(Clock)
(or the equivalent thereof)
ZonedDateTime
, producing
a new ZonedDateTime
ZonedDateTime
is converted to an instant via ChronoZonedDateTime.toInstant()
(or the equivalent thereof)
Therefore, whenever there is a question about what argument types, units,
fields, or values an update operation supports, or what the result will be,
refer to the corresponding method of ZonedDateTime
. Links are
provided from the documentation of each update operation of this class to the
corresponding method of ZonedDateTime
.
While update semantics are expressed in terms of ZonedDateTime
, that
imposes no requirements on implementation details. The implementation may
avoid using ZonedDateTime
completely or only sometimes, for
convenience, efficiency, or any other reason.
| Modifier and Type | Method | Description |
|---|---|---|
void |
add(long amountToAdd,
java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit unit) |
Adds the specified amount to this clock.
|
void |
add(java.time.temporal.TemporalAmount amountToAdd) |
Adds the specified amount to this clock.
|
static MutableClock |
epochUTC() |
Obtains a new
MutableClock set to the epoch of
1970-01-01T00:00:00Z, converting to date and time using the UTC
time-zone. |
boolean |
equals(java.lang.Object obj) |
Returns
true if obj is a MutableClock that uses
the same time-zone as this clock and has shared updates with this clock. |
java.time.ZoneId |
getZone() |
|
int |
hashCode() |
A hash code for this clock, which is constant for this instance.
|
java.time.Instant |
instant() |
|
static MutableClock |
of(java.time.Instant instant,
java.time.ZoneId zone) |
Obtains a new
MutableClock set to the specified instant,
converting to date and time using the specified time-zone. |
void |
set(java.time.temporal.TemporalAdjuster adjuster) |
Adjusts this clock.
|
void |
set(java.time.temporal.TemporalField field,
long newValue) |
Alters the specified field of this clock.
|
void |
setInstant(java.time.Instant instant) |
Overrides the instant of this clock with the specified value.
|
java.lang.String |
toString() |
|
MutableClock |
withZone(java.time.ZoneId zone) |
Returns a
MutableClock that uses the specified time-zone and that
has shared updates with this clock. |
public static MutableClock epochUTC()
MutableClock
set to the epoch of
1970-01-01T00:00:00Z, converting to date and time using the UTC
time-zone.
Use this method when a MutableClock
is needed and neither its
initial value nor its time-zone are important. This is often true when
testing behavior that depends on elapsed relative time rather
than absolute time.
MutableClock
, not nullpublic static MutableClock of(java.time.Instant instant, java.time.ZoneId zone)
MutableClock
set to the specified instant,
converting to date and time using the specified time-zone.instant
- the initial value for the clock, not nullzone
- the time-zone to use, not nullMutableClock
, not nullpublic void setInstant(java.time.Instant instant)
instant
- the new instant for this clock, not nullpublic void add(java.time.temporal.TemporalAmount amountToAdd)
Atomically updates this clock to the value of the following expression:
ZonedDateTime.now(thisClock) .plus(amountToAdd) .toInstant()
amountToAdd
- the amount to add, not nulljava.time.DateTimeException
- if the addition cannot be madejava.lang.ArithmeticException
- if numeric overflow occursZonedDateTime.plus(TemporalAmount)
public void add(long amountToAdd, java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit unit)
Atomically updates this clock to the value of the following expression:
ZonedDateTime.now(thisClock) .plus(amountToAdd, unit) .toInstant()
amountToAdd
- the amount of the specified unit to add, may be negativeunit
- the unit of the amount to add, not nulljava.time.DateTimeException
- if the unit cannot be addedjava.time.temporal.UnsupportedTemporalTypeException
- if the unit is not supportedjava.lang.ArithmeticException
- if numeric overflow occursZonedDateTime.plus(long, TemporalUnit)
public void set(java.time.temporal.TemporalAdjuster adjuster)
Atomically updates this clock to the value of the following expression:
ZonedDateTime.now(thisClock) .with(adjuster) .toInstant()
adjuster
- the adjuster to use, not nulljava.time.DateTimeException
- if the adjustment cannot be madejava.lang.ArithmeticException
- if numeric overflow occursZonedDateTime.with(TemporalAdjuster)
public void set(java.time.temporal.TemporalField field, long newValue)
Atomically updates this clock to the value of the following expression:
ZonedDateTime.now(thisClock) .with(field, newValue) .toInstant()
field
- the field to set, not nullnewValue
- the new value of the fieldjava.time.DateTimeException
- if the field cannot be setjava.time.temporal.UnsupportedTemporalTypeException
- if the field is not supportedjava.lang.ArithmeticException
- if numeric overflow occursZonedDateTime.with(TemporalField, long)
public java.time.ZoneId getZone()
getZone
in class java.time.Clock
public MutableClock withZone(java.time.ZoneId zone)
MutableClock
that uses the specified time-zone and that
has shared updates with this clock.
Two clocks with shared updates always have the same instant, and all updates applied to either clock affect both clocks.
withZone
in class java.time.Clock
zone
- the time-zone to use for the returned clock, not nullpublic java.time.Instant instant()
instant
in class java.time.Clock
public boolean equals(java.lang.Object obj)
true
if obj
is a MutableClock
that uses
the same time-zone as this clock and has shared updates with this clock.
Two clocks with shared updates always have the same instant, and all updates applied to either clock affect both clocks.
A deserialized MutableClock
is not equal to the original clock
that was serialized, since the two clocks do not have shared updates.
equals
in class java.time.Clock
obj
- the object to check, null returns false
true
if this is equal to the other clockpublic int hashCode()
hashCode
in class java.time.Clock
public java.lang.String toString()
toString
in class java.lang.Object
Copyright © 2010–2018 ThreeTen.org. All rights reserved.


Target (possition: relative)
Target (position: absolute)
Target (position: fixed)
Target (position: sticky)


#---------------------------------------------------------------------- # Copyright 2007-2017 Cadence Design Systems, Inc. # All Rights Reserved Worldwide # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the # "License"); you may not use this file except in # compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of # the License at # #http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
# # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in # writing, software distributed under the License is # distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR # CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See # the License for the specific language governing # permissions and limitations under the License. #----------------------------------------------------------------------
Version:
1.1
Author:
uwes@cadence.com


| test_examples {testthat} | R Documentation |
These helper functions make it easier to test the examples in a package. Each example counts as one test, and it succeeds if the code runs without an error. Generally, this is redundant with R CMD check, and is not recommended in routine practice.
test_examples(path = "../..") test_rd(rd, title = attr(rd, "Rdfile")) test_example(path, title = path)
path |
For |
rd |
A parsed Rd object, obtained from |
title |
Test title to use |


Bart Truman
Sales
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>209.321.2566
Bart was born in Burlingame, CA and grew up in San Jose. In 1984, he graduated from Liberty University in Virginia, and then drove to Alaska. He lived in Anchorage for 3 years, working a variety of interesting occupations, including two years as an improvisational comedian. From 1995 to 2003, Bart was a full-time substitute teacher at a public high school in Orange County, teaching all subjects, before taking a sales position with Kenko Utility Supply. He has been with R&B since April 2006 as an inside and outside sales associate. Bart lives in Modesto with his wife, step-son and two daughters.


class Config extends Bag implements ConfigInterface
Configuration bag.
Methods
|
__construct(CacheInterface $cache = null)
Constructor. |
||
| array |
all()
Return all data. |
from Bag |
| BagInterface |
clear()
Clear data. |
from Bag |
| integer |
count()
Return number of elements. |
from Bag |
| BagInterface |
setAll(array $data)
Set all elements. |
from Bag |
| BagInterface |
set(string|array $path, mixed $value = null)
Set a value. |
from Bag |
| mixed |
get(string $path, mixed $default = null)
Get a value. |
from Bag |
| boolean |
has(string $path)
Check if has element. |
from Bag |
| BagInterface |
delete(string $path)
Delete an element. |
from Bag |
|
offsetSet(integer $offset, mixed $value)
Array set implementation. |
from Bag | |
| boolean |
offsetExists(integer $offset)
Array exists implementation. |
from Bag |
|
offsetUnset(integer $offset)
Array unset implementation. |
from Bag | |
| mixed |
offsetGet(integer $offset)
Array get implementation. |
from Bag |
| ConfigInterface |
loadDir(string $dir, string $env = null)
Load a directory. |
|
| ConfigInterface |
loadFile(string $filename)
Load a file. |
Details
at line 19
public
__construct(CacheInterface $cache = null)
Constructor.
in Bag at line 26
public array
all()
Return all data.
in Bag at line 33
public BagInterface
clear()
Clear data.
in Bag at line 41
public integer
count()
Return number of elements.
in Bag at line 48
public BagInterface
setAll(array $data)
Set all elements.
in Bag at line 55
public BagInterface
set(string|array $path, mixed $value = null)
Set a value.
in Bag at line 70
public mixed
get(string $path, mixed $default = null)
Get a value.
in Bag at line 79
public boolean
has(string $path)
Check if has element.
in Bag at line 86
public BagInterface
delete(string $path)
Delete an element.
in Bag at line 97
public
offsetSet(integer $offset, mixed $value)
Array set implementation.
in Bag at line 109
public boolean
offsetExists(integer $offset)
Array exists implementation.
in Bag at line 117
public
offsetUnset(integer $offset)
Array unset implementation.
in Bag at line 126
public mixed
offsetGet(integer $offset)
Array get implementation.
at line 26
public ConfigInterface
loadDir(string $dir, string $env = null)
Load a directory.
at line 41
public ConfigInterface
loadFile(string $filename)
Load a file.


--- title: "Case Study" ---
From machine learning to movies, we analyze almost anything and this is where we jot down our thoughts. We don't take sides, we just write when the thought crosses our mind.
Keep in touch. We will publish our case studies here.


---
title: "SUCCULENT CENTERPIECES"
date: "2000-01-01 20:07:11 -06:00"
categories:
- adult
subtitle: "ONLINE"
layout: "events"
event-image: "succulent-centerpieces.jpg"
event-dates: "SATURDAY, JULY 11"
event-location: "Online via Zoom"
button-type: "register"
tickets-link: "https://continue.utah.edu/lifelong/class/llhg_595_succulent_centerpieces"
registration-info: " Phone Registration Available:801-587-5433
Lifelong Learning: LLHG 595"
instructor-info: "Scott Mower, Red Butte Garden"
member-cost: "$35"
public-cost: "$39"
event-notes: "online"
tickets-button: ""
published: false
---
SATURDAY, JULY 11 @ 10am - NOON
REGISTRATION REQUIRED
Looking for a centerpiece that is as much at home on the dining room table as it is on the patio or deck. Look no further than the world of succulents! Part lecture, part demonstration, this class will first teach general identification, care and propagation techniques of the most popular succulents grown today as well as basic principles of design, followed by a demonstration where you will follow along to create your very own succulent centerpiece. A list of tools, container, succulents, and all the encouragement you need will be provided before class. Co-sponsored with Lifelong Learning.


You and up to eight w illing creatures who link hands in a circle are transported to a different plane of existence.
You can specify a target destination in general terms, such as the City of Brass on the Elemental Plane of Fire or the palace of Dispater on the second level of the Nine Hells, and you appear in or near that destination.
If you are trying to reach the City of Brass, for example, you might arrive in its Street of Steel, before its Gate of Ashes, or looking at the city from across the Sea of Fire, at the DM's discretion.
Alternatively, if you know the sigil sequence of a teleportation circle on another plane of existence, this spell can take you to that circle. If the teleportation circle is too small to hold all the creatures you transported, they appear in the closest unoccupied spaces next to the circle.
You can use this spell to banish an unwilling creature to another plane. Choose a creature within your reach and make a melee spell attack against it. On a hit, the creature must make a Charisma saving throw. If the creature fails this save, it is transported to a random location on the plane of existence you specify. A creature so transported must find its own way back to your current plane of existence.


The US and China could hold in-person trade talks before December tariff deadline
by finanzen.net GmbH- Negotiators from the US and China could meet in the coming weeks as they attempt to work out the terms of an interim trade agreement.
- But details of such a meeting, including a date and location, remain elusive.
- The US would be reluctant to travel to China without concessions on structural issues that have long been roadblocks in negotiations, according to The Wall Street Journal.
- Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories.
Negotiators from the US and China could meet in the coming weeks as they attempt to work out the terms of an interim trade agreement, which was announced last month but has not yet been put to paper.
The Wall Street Journal reported Thursday that Chinese Vice Premier Liu He extended the invite to US Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer and Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin during a phone call last week. With an eye on tariff escalations scheduled to take place on December 15, the point person on trade negotiations for President Xi Jinping requested that the meeting take place in China before the US holiday next Thursday.
But details including a date and location remain elusive. The US would be reluctant to travel to China without concessions on structural issues that have long been roadblocks in negotiations, according to The Journal, including rules on intellectual property and technology transfers.
The two sides have separately clashed over a potential agricultural purchase quota and whether tariffs should be rolled back as part of a broader agreement.
Six weeks after the White House announced the so-called phase-one trade deal with China, those issues have dimmed hopes that an enforceable agreement could be reached in the near term. Trump has repeatedly said he was not ready to sign an agreement and threatened to expand tariffs to more Chinese products.
"I haven't wanted to do it yet because I don't think they're stepping up to the level that I want," the president said during a visit to an Apple supplier facility in Texas on Wednesday.
The White House did not offer comment on whether the two sides could meet in the coming days, but a spokesperson said a day earlier that progress had been made on the text of the agreement. The USTR office and the Treasury Department did not respond to emails requesting comment.


Taking in consideration the different lifestyles of people today, there are various ways for you to help become part of the movement, which include:
Mentorship Program
Each hospitalized youth will be paired up with a volunteer at the four main locations we work at based on interest, language, and other factors. The volunteer is responsible for visiting the youth three to seven times a month, where the volunteers will give the opportunitiy for the youth to pursue thier passion with another like-minded person. For the volunteers, this is an amazing opportunity to learn more about life inside the hospital walls and to connect with these youth.
Long-Distance Video Program
Is there something you are passionate about? Soccer,magic tricks, music? If so, you can: a) Create a small tutorial for the hospitalized youthto see. Ideas include how to make beats with your body (if you're passionate about music), or how to do cool kicking tricks with the soccer ball. Just remember who the videos are for (hospitalized youth, some who are physically unable to do more complicated, skilled actions). But most of all, have fun with the video. It could be anywhere from 1 to 3 minutes long. And don't worry about the language, we'll put Thai subtitles in so that the hospitalized youth will be able to understand. b) Skype the kids. While filming and editing a video is a great way to immortalize a tutorial and make it accessible to the kids even after the class is done,Skype is a more interactive platform to engage with the kids. Even if you want to make a video showing your city,these youth have never been outside Thailand, so even that would make an incredible contribution for them. If you're interested in volunteering, you can either apply through our partner NGO Abroad here or directly to us through our application form. We welcome both people currently living in Thailand and those living abroad! Stay tuned in our page at Idealist.org . We may have paid internships open, where you will be able to have the opportuntity of being a part of the management team, strategic development, and finances of the organization as well as getting to interact and be a mentor if you so wish!
Become Part of our Mailing List


This inspection reports when the '==' or '!=' operator was used between expressions of reference types.
In the text field below, specify the semicolon separated list of classes to be considered as suspicious.


mpg321
High Performance MPEG 1.0/2.0/2.5 Audio Player for Layer 1, 2, and 3.
Mpg321 was written (sometime in 1999) to be a drop-in replacement for the (previously) non-free mpg123 player.
More information: home page
- Play an audio source exactly N times (N=0 means forever):
mpg321 -l N path/to/file_a|URL path/to/file_b|URL home page..
- Play a directory recursively:
mpg321 -B path/to/directory
- Enable Basic Keys ( `*` or `/` - Increase or decrease volume, `n` - Skip song, `m` - Mute/unmute.) while playing:
mpg321 -K path/to/file_a|URL path/to/file_b|URL home page..
- Play files randomly until interrupted:
mpg321 -Z path/to/file_a|URL path/to/file_b|URL home page..
- Shuffle the files before playing them once:
mpg321 -z path/to/file_a|URL path/to/file_b|URL home page..
- Play all files in the current directory and subdirectories, randomly (until interrupted), with Basic Keys enabled:
mpg321 -B -Z -K .


iTerm like Terminal
iTerm is pretty cool, I'll post more about this background hostname trick if I have time to play with Quartz later on. The killer feature for me was being able to drag tabs between windows. However, iTerm is still really slow compared to Terminal. Hopefully it's more stable.
To get the same keys as Terminal to switch tabs (Command-shift-[ and -]) in iTerm:
Command-Alt-B to get the Profiles dialog, Keyboard Profiles, Global.
Double click the key combination for previous tab: cmd-shift-hex code 7b, with High interception Priority
Double click the key combination for next tab: cmd-shift-hex code 7d, with High interception Priority
Note that the values are 7b and 7d and are not contiguous.
Command-Shift-square brackets is the same combination used in Firefox, which is why I prefer it. Adium shares the Command-arrows but in my case that switches windows and I don't use tabs so it doesn't fel natural for me.
About this entry
You"re currently reading "iTerm like Terminal," an entry on a crick in the net
- Published:
- 05.07.09 / 11am
- Category:
- Circular File


Rolling Regression¶
Rolling OLS applies OLS across a fixed windows of observations and then rolls (moves or slides) the window across the data set. They key parameter is window
which determines the number of observations used in each OLS regression. By default, RollingOLS
drops missing values in the window and so will estimate the model using the available data points.
Estimated values are aligned so that models estimated using data points \(i, i+1, ... i+window\) are stored in location \(i+window\).
Start by importing the modules that are used in this notebook.
[1]:
import pandas_datareader as pdr
import pandas as pd
import statsmodels.api as sm
from statsmodels.regression.rolling import RollingOLS
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn
seaborn.set_style('darkgrid')
pd.plotting.register_matplotlib_converters()
%matplotlib inline
pandas-datareader
is used to download data from Ken French’s website. The two data sets downloaded are the 3 Fama-French factors and the 10 industry portfolios. Data is available from 1926.
The data are monthly returns for the factors or industry portfolios.
[2]:
factors = pdr.get_data_famafrench('F-F_Research_Data_Factors', start='1-1-1926')[0]
print(factors.head())
industries = pdr.get_data_famafrench('10_Industry_Portfolios', start='1-1-1926')[0]
print(industries.head())
Mkt-RF SMB HML RF
Date
1926-07 2.96 -2.30 -2.87 0.22
1926-08 2.64 -1.40 4.19 0.25
1926-09 0.36 -1.32 0.01 0.23
1926-10 -3.24 0.04 0.51 0.32
1926-11 2.53 -0.20 -0.35 0.31
NoDur Durbl Manuf Enrgy HiTec Telcm Shops Hlth Utils Other
Date
1926-07 1.45 15.55 4.69 -1.18 2.90 0.83 0.11 1.77 7.04 2.16
1926-08 3.97 3.68 2.81 3.47 2.66 2.17 -0.71 4.25 -1.69 4.38
1926-09 1.14 4.80 1.15 -3.39 -0.38 2.41 0.21 0.69 2.04 0.29
1926-10 -1.24 -8.23 -3.63 -0.78 -4.58 -0.11 -2.29 -0.57 -2.63 -2.85
1926-11 5.20 -0.19 4.10 0.01 4.71 1.63 6.43 5.42 3.71 2.11
The first model estimated is a rolling version of the CAPM that regresses the excess return of Technology sector firms on the excess return of the market.
The window is 60 months, and so results are available after the first 60 (window
) months. The first 59 (window - 1
) estimates are all nan
filled.
[3]:
endog = industries.HiTec - factors.RF.values
exog = sm.add_constant(factors['Mkt-RF'])
rols = RollingOLS(endog, exog, window=60)
rres = rols.fit()
params = rres.params
print(params.head())
print(params.tail())
const Mkt-RF
Date
1926-07 NaN NaN
1926-08 NaN NaN
1926-09 NaN NaN
1926-10 NaN NaN
1926-11 NaN NaN
const Mkt-RF
Date
2020-08 0.789891 1.049675
2020-09 0.723829 1.061682
2020-10 0.704460 1.056384
2020-11 0.687467 1.031385
2020-12 0.700236 1.027638
We next plot the market loading along with a 95% point-wise confidence interval. The alpha=False
omits the constant column, if present.
[4]:
fig = rres.plot_recursive_coefficient(variables=['Mkt-RF'], figsize=(14,6))
Next, the model is expanded to include all three factors, the excess market, the size factor and the value factor.
[5]:
exog_vars = ['Mkt-RF', 'SMB', 'HML']
exog = sm.add_constant(factors[exog_vars])
rols = RollingOLS(endog, exog, window=60)
rres = rols.fit()
fig = rres.plot_recursive_coefficient(variables=exog_vars, figsize=(14,18))
Formulas¶
RollingOLS
and RollingWLS
both support model specification using the formula interface. The example below is equivalent to the 3-factor model estimated previously. Note that one variable is renamed to have a valid Python variable name.
[6]:
joined = pd.concat([factors, industries], axis=1)
joined['Mkt_RF'] = joined['Mkt-RF']
mod = RollingOLS.from_formula('HiTec ~ Mkt_RF + SMB + HML', data=joined, window=60)
rres = mod.fit()
print(rres.params.tail())
Intercept Mkt_RF SMB HML
Date
2020-08 0.430511 1.135973 -0.110281 -0.390980
2020-09 0.345706 1.151470 -0.111771 -0.392728
2020-10 0.408402 1.132134 -0.073487 -0.377088
2020-11 0.382264 1.117984 -0.097256 -0.377608
2020-12 0.404221 1.116581 -0.116456 -0.377026
RollingWLS
: Rolling Weighted Least Squares¶
The rolling
module also provides RollingWLS
which takes an optional weights
input to perform rolling weighted least squares. It produces results that match WLS
when applied to rolling windows of data.
Fit Options¶
Fit accepts other optional keywords to set the covariance estimator. Only two estimators are supported, 'nonrobust'
(the classic OLS estimator) and 'HC0'
which is White’s heteroskedasticity robust estimator.
You can set params_only=True
to only estimate the model parameters. This is substantially faster than computing the full set of values required to perform inference.
Finally, the parameter reset
can be set to a positive integer to control estimation error in very long samples. RollingOLS
avoids the full matrix product when rolling by only adding the most recent observation and removing the dropped observation as it rolls through the sample. Setting reset
uses the full inner product every reset
periods. In most applications this parameter can be omitted.
[7]:
%timeit rols.fit()
%timeit rols.fit(params_only=True)
320 ms ± 41.9 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1 loop each)
62.1 ms ± 13.6 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 10 loops each)


End user view for Data Sync. Add, update and delete items in the list & see them get syncronized across multiple instances of the app.
You do not currently have any items to sync. Add an item below.
Query Params - can be used to filter results returned by the sync server in the cloud - to reduce dataset stored on the client.
Meta Data - is passed to the cloud for all deltas (create, update & delete). This can be used to send any additional information required to complete the delta operation - e.g. user id, auth tokens etc.
Sync Action Delays can be used for testing race conditions of sync actions from multiple clients. These values are sent as meta data to the sync service and used in the dataHandler
Sync Delay - number of seconds to delay the sync list operation in the cloud
Record Delay - number of seconds to delay record operation (create, update &delete) in the cloud.
Administrator/Back Office view for Data Sync. View and manage data collissions.
No Collisions There are currently no collisions. Click the "Reload Collisions" button to check for new collisions.
Previous version (Clients local version before update)
Current version (Resolve conflicts below and click Save)


{% extends "hqadmin/hqadmin_base_report.html" %}
{% load hq_shared_tags %}
{% load i18n %}
{% block title %}Mass Email Users{% endblock %}
{% block js-inline %} {{ block.super }}
{% endblock %}
{% block reportcontent %}
{% if form.errors %}
This is the email mailing list tool. Please exercise caution when using it.
Leave the email all users checkbox unchecked to send a test email only to yourself. This is useful for verifying that your formatting is correct before sending a real message.


Scala on IntelliJ
Run MXNet Scala Examples Using the IntelliJ IDE (macOS)
This tutorial guides you through setting up a Scala project in the IntelliJ IDE on macOS, and shows how to use the MXNet package from your application.
Prerequisites:
To use this tutorial you need the following software:
- Java 8 JDK
- Maven
- Scala - comes with IntelliJ, so you don't need to install it separately
- OpenCV
- IntelliJ IDE
The following instructions are provided for macOS and Ubuntu 16.04. Windows support is not yet available.
Mac Prerequisites Setup
Step 1. Install brew:
/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
Or, if you already have brew, update it:
brew update
Step 2. Install Java 8 JDK:
brew tap caskroom/versions
brew cask install java8
Step 3. Install maven:
brew install maven
Step 4. Install OpenCV:
brew install opencv
Ubuntu Prerequisites Setup
Step 1.: Download the MXNet source.
git clone --recursive https://github.com/apache/incubator-mxnet.git mxnet
cd mxnet
Step 2.: Run the dependency installation scripts.
sudo ./ci/docker/install/ubuntu_core.sh
sudo ./ci/docker/install/ubuntu_scala.sh
Access the Maven Package for MXNet
To view the latest Maven packages, you can check the Maven repository for the org.apache.mxnet
packages.
In the tutorial below, you will install the latest package at the time of this writing. You may find a different artifact for your specific operating system, or a newer one by reviewing what is currently available in the Maven repo.
The configuration you should update is in the pom file's dependency for MXNet:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.mxnet</groupId>
<artifactId>mxnet-full_2.11-osx-x86_64-cpu</artifactId>
</dependency>
Set Up Your Project
Now that you've installed your prerequisites, you are ready to setup IntelliJ and your first MXNet-Scala project!
Step 1. Install and setup IntelliJ: - When prompted for what to features to enable during IntelliJ's first startup, make sure you select Scala.
- Install the plugin for IntelliJ IDE by following these steps:
On Menu, choose Preferences, choose Plugins, type Scala, and then choose Install. For further plugin help and instructions, refer to Scala plugin setup for IDE.
Step 2. Create a new project:
From the IntelliJ welcome screen, select "Create New Project".
Choose the Maven project type.
Select the checkbox for Create from archetype
.
Click the Add Archetype
button, and add the following information to each field.
GroupId
net.alchim31.maven
ArtifactId
scala-archetype-simple
Version
1.6
Repository
https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/net.alchim31.maven/scala-archetype-simple
Click Ok
to add the archetype, make sure it is selected from the list, and then click Next
.
Set the project's metadata. For this tutorial, use the following:
GroupId
mxnet
ArtifactId
scalaMXNet
Version
1.0-SNAPSHOT
Review the project's properties. The settings can be left as their default.
Set the project's location. The rest of the settings can be left as their default.
After clicking Finish, you will be presented with the project's first view.
The project's pom.xml
will be open for editing.
Step 3. Replace the pom file's content with the following code. Changes include:
- Project properties: scala.version
, upgrading from 2.11.5
to 2.11.8
- Project dependencies: adding the MXNet package from Maven and updating the dependency for JUnitRunner (specs2-junit_) and logging
- Build options: removing '-make:transitive'
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>mxnet</groupId>
<artifactId>scalaMXNet</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>${project.artifactId}</name>
<description>My wonderful scala app</description>
<inceptionYear>2018</inceptionYear>
<licenses>
<license>
<name>Apache2</name>
<url>http://mxnet.apache.org</url>
<distribution>repo</distribution>
</license>
</licenses>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>osx-x86_64-cpu</id>
<properties>
<platform>osx-x86_64-cpu</platform>
</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>linux-x86_64-cpu</id>
<properties>
<platform>linux-x86_64-cpu</platform>
</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>linux-x86_64-gpu</id>
<properties>
<platform>linux-x86_64-gpu</platform>
</properties>
</profile>
</profiles>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.6</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.6</maven.compiler.target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
<scala.version>2.11.8</scala.version>
<scala.compat.version>2.11</scala.compat.version>
<slf4jVersion>1.7.7</slf4jVersion>
<platform>osx-x86_64-cpu</platform>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.mxnet</groupId>
<artifactId>mxnet-full_2.11-osx-x86_64-cpu</artifactId>
<version>[1.4.0,)</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.scala-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>scala-library</artifactId>
<version>${scala.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>args4j</groupId>
<artifactId>args4j</artifactId>
<version>2.0.29</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.specs2</groupId>
<artifactId>specs2-junit_${scala.compat.version}</artifactId>
<version>2.4.16</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.scalatest</groupId>
<artifactId>scalatest_${scala.compat.version}</artifactId>
<version>2.2.4</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Logging -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4jVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4jVersion}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<sourceDirectory>src/main/scala</sourceDirectory>
<testSourceDirectory>src/test/scala</testSourceDirectory>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<!-- see http://davidb.github.com/scala-maven-plugin -->
<groupId>net.alchim31.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>scala-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.0</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>compile</goal>
<goal>testCompile</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<args>
<!--arg>-make:transitive</arg-->
<arg>-dependencyfile</arg>
<arg>${project.build.directory}/.scala_dependencies</arg>
</args>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.18.1</version>
<configuration>
<useFile>false</useFile>
<disableXmlReport>true</disableXmlReport>
<!-- If you have classpath issue like NoDefClassError,... -->
<!-- useManifestOnlyJar>false</useManifestOnlyJar -->
<includes>
<include>**/*Test.*</include>
<include>**/*Suite.*</include>
</includes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
Step 4. Import dependencies with Maven:
- Note the prompt in the lower right corner that states "Maven projects need to be imported". If this is not visible, click on the little greed balloon that appears in the lower right corner.
Click "Import Changes" in this prompt.
Step 5. Setup log4j configuration
Create a folder src/main/resources
and a new file in it src/main/resources/log4j.properties
with the contents:
log4j.rootLogger = info, stdout
log4j.appender.stdout = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} [%t] [%c] [%p] - %m%n
Step 6. Build the project:
- To build the project, from the menu choose Build, and then choose Build Project.
* Note that if you run into bad option: '-make:transitive'
, please remove <arg>-make:transitive</arg>
from pom.xml
and <parameter value="-make:transitive" />
from .idea/scala_compiler
.
Step 7. Run the Hello World App:
Navigate to the App included with the project.
Run the App by clicking the green arrow, and verify the Hello World output
Step 8. Run Sample MXNet Code in the App:
Paste the following code in the App, overwriting the original hello world code. Then click the green arrow to run it.
object App extends App {
import org.apache.mxnet._
private val a = NDArray.ones(2, 3)
println("Testing MXNet by generating an 2x3 NDArray...")
println("Shape is: ")
println(a.shape)
}
The result should be this output:
Testing MXNet by generating an 2x3 NDArray...
Shape is:
(2,3)
Process finished with exit code 0
Troubleshooting
If you get an error, check the dependencies at the beginning of this tutorial. For example, you might see the following in the middle of the error messages, where x.x
would the version it's looking for.
...
Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/opencv/lib/libopencv_calib3d.x.x.dylib
...
This can be resolved be installing OpenCV.
Using MXNet from source
If you chose to "Build from Source" when following the install instructions (or the detailed build from source instructions), you can use your custom build instead of the build from maven. Use your build by editing the pom.xml
file and replacing the org.apache.mxnet
dependency with the following:
<groupId>org.apache.mxnet</groupId>
<artifactId>mxnet-core_${scala.version}-${platform}-sources</artifactId>
<scope>system</scope>
<systemPath>/PathToMXNetSource/incubator-mxnet/scala-package/assembly/osx-x86_64-cpu/target/mxnet-full_${scala.version}-osx-x86_64-cpu-1.6.0-SNAPSHOT-sources.jar</systemPath>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.mxnet</groupId>
<artifactId>mxnet-full_${scala.version}-${platform}</artifactId>
<scope>system</scope>
<systemPath>/PathToMXNetSource/incubator-mxnet/scala-package/assembly/osx-x86_64-cpu/target/mxnet-full_${scala.version}-osx-x86_64-cpu-1.6.0-SNAPSHOT.jar</systemPath>
</dependency>
Note that you have to edit both of the systemPath
properties to point to your generated jar files.
Command Line Build Option
- You can also compile the project by using the following command at the command line. Change directories to this project's folder then run the following:
mvn clean package -e -P osx-x86_64-cpu
The -P <platform>
parameter tells the build which platform to target.
The -e
will give you more details if the build fails. If it succeeds, you should see a lot of info and some warning messages, followed by:
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1.186 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2018-03-06T15:17:36-08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 11M/155M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
The build generates a new jar file in the target
folder called scalaInference-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
.
Next Steps
For more information about MXNet Scala resources, see the following:


Toggle navigation
GoBang!
New Game
New Round
Options
Action
Another action
Something else here
Separated link
One more separated link
Help
Player 1
{{p1wins}} Wins Status: {{status}}
X
Player 2
{{p2wins}} Wins


How businesses can learn from ‘implementation, representation and mental’ models
I’m a big fan of this diagram as a way of summing up the role of user experience in businesses:
It represents three models for software and service development: ‘implementation’, ‘representation’ and ‘mental’. Jargony, but simple to understand.
Any business that has developed software or services based on certain internal assumptions, and then seen the end product poorly received by users, may recognise the implementation model. Businesses following this model implement technology, products or services based on their own requirements and capabilities, without paying heed to their users. The result is (almost certainly) poor UX.
At the other end of the scale is an end user’s idealised vision of a product or service. This is the mental model, the panacea that a user would sketch out on a napkin if they had free reign. Ultimate UX!
However, hitting the mental model sweet spot is usually impossible, because businesses will (rightly and inevitably) bring their own requirements and capabilities to the table.
The end result is usually in the middle of the spectrum – this is known as the representation model. It’s a balance between a user’s idealised vision and the realities of what can be built.
This isn’t a compromise; it’s a reality. It’s absolutely fine and proper to end up with this balance.
Critically, though, a UX-focused business will and should do two things.
First, start any design and development process at the right-hand side of the spectrum. Starting with the mental model puts the users’ vision at the forefront.
Second, strive to end up as close to the mental model as possible, to achieve the best possible result for users while satisfying businesses requirements.
Businesses without a UX mindset tend to operate in or around the implementation model. Their products and services often won’t resonate with customers.
Business that achieve fantastic UX get as close to the mental model as possible. They’re the ones on the right-hand side of the diagram, and the ones with delighted customers.


{{Infobox prepared food | name = Tarta de Santiago {{es icon}}<br>Torta de Santiago {{gl icon}} | image = | caption = Typical presentation with the Cross of the Order of Santiago | alternate_name = | country = Spain | region = Galicia | creator = | course = dessert | served = chilled/room temperature | main_ingredient = ground almonds | variations = | calories = | other = }}
Torta de Santiago (in Galician) or Tarta de Santiago (in Spanish), literally meaning cake of St. James, is an almond cake or pie from Galicia with origin in the Middle Ages. The Galician name for cake is Torta whilst it is often referred to Tarta, which is the Spanish word. The filling principally consists of ground almonds, eggs, and sugar, with additional flavouring of lemon zest, sweet wine, brandy, or grape marc, depending on the recipe used.<ref name=DOOR>{{cite web|title=COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 510/2006 ‘TARTA DE SANTIAGO’ EC No: ES-PGI-0005-0616-03.07.2007|publisher=DOOR|url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2009:223:0023:0025:EN:PDF|accessdate=6 April 2014}}</ref> It is a round shape and can be made with or without a base which can be either puff pastry or shortcrust pastry. The top of the pie is decorated with powdered sugar, masked by an imprint of the Cross of Saint James (cruz de Santiago) which gives the pastry its name.
In May 2010, the EU gave Tarta de Santiago PGI status within Europe. To qualify, the cake must be made in the Autonomous Community of Galicia and contain at least 33% almonds, excluding the base.<ref name=DOOR/>
It was the sweet chosen to represent Spain in the Café Europe initiative of the Austrian presidency of the European Union, on Europe Day 2006.
{{reflist}}
{{Galician cuisine}} {{Commonscat}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tarta De Santiago}}
{{Spain-dessert-stub}} {{Pie-stub}}


air co. vodka is a carbon-negative alcohol brand created by joe doucet x partners
by jin collaboration with air co., joe doucet x partners (JDXP) has developed the world’s most sustainable vodka. to achieve this ambitious goal, the new york city based design team considered every aspect of sustainability to create a product that is not only carbon-neutral but also removes 1 pound of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere with each bottle of alcohol that is produced.
all images courtesy of joe doucet x partners
when developing the brand identity for ‘air co. vodka‘ JDXP aimed to reflect the purity of the alcohol. this can be seen by the clear bottle design and the minimal labelling. in addition to the aesthetics of the product, due consideration has also been paid to the sustainability of the packaging. labelling is reduced to minimize material usage and is fixed to the bottles using a non-toxic adhesive that allows it to be easily removed, allowing the glass containers to be recycled or reused.
the vodka itself is marketed towards air co.’s extraordinary, patented technology that transforms the core elements of air, water and sunlight into ultra-refined alcohol. furthering its sustainable credentials, the process also works to remove excess carbon from the atmosphere at a rate of 1 pound of CO2 per bottle. marking the brand’s first foray into the consumer market, the design by JDXP has been closely developed with air co. founders, stafford sheehan and gregory constantine to reflect the company’s mission to ‘create goods that do good.’
project info:
project name: air co. vodka
design: joe doucet x partners (JDXP) in collaboration with air co.
designboom has received this project from our ‘ DIY submissions ‘ feature, where we welcome our readers to submit their own work for publication. see more project submissions from our readers here.
edited by: lynne myers | designboom


--- layout: default title: YouTube Metadata script: youtube-metadata ---
YouTube Metadata normal grabs singular details about a video and its uploader, playlist and its creator, or channel.
Submit a link to a video, playlist, or channel
Save this result as a zip file or load from a previous export.
Contains file(s)
The video submitted. Click here to see detailed property descriptions.
Reverse image search all four thumbnail images.
The playlist submitted. Click here to see detailed property descriptions.
The video author, playlist creator, or channel submitted. Click here to see detailed property descriptions.


Home
Heart Health
You should not be here
But since you are here...
Store
Pick up some merch for my team


Default Fixed Card Layout
Auto arrangement of cards in fixed card layout. The layout is responsive and cards gets re-arranged when window resize
happens or some cards gets hidden or shown.
Disabling drag and drop
Behavior of dragging cards can be disabled and enabled.
Mobile display
In mobile display as well layout is consistent and on changing orientation, cards will re-distribute and
arrange itself.


TweetAnalysis
X
*Note:number of tweets on map can not equal to actual tweet from api
X
*Note:number of tweets on map can not equal to actual tweet from api
created by Chetan Dhembre, follow me on
powered by
ntwitter
,
now.js
,
google map
,
highcharts


{% load pages_tags mezzanine_tags i18n future staticfiles blog_tags keyword_tags disqus_tags activity_tags %}
The app’s built-in textbook will teach you how to be a mobile journalist while you use templates to give your story structure.
Produce photo, audio, or video stories. Overlays will improve your compositions. Drag and drop editing makes finishing fast.
You own your stories, publish them to any service or platform available on android and to StoryMaker.org.
{{ recent_post.description|slice:":100" }}
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Donec gravida nunc in mauris gravida
F-Droid is an installable catalog of free and open source software right on your device. After it's downloaded, install it and open it up.
If you're looking at this on your phone and you just installed F-Droid, all you need to do is click on the QR code above, and F-Droid will walk you through the next steps. You can also simply copy the url listed above, or if you're reading this on a seperate screen, scan the QR code.
Once our repo is added, you'll be able to download and install StoryMaker as well as Orbot. This combination will help you get started producing stories and publishing them safely.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Morbi tincidunt ex sed mauris rhoncus mollis. Cras viverra orci id commodo fringilla. Nunc rutrum orci in tellus placerat interdum. Aliquam egestas, urna ut consectetur pretium, lacus massa porta libero, in tempus ex magna eu risus.
Cras sed ex molestie, gravida risus eu, semper risus. Etiam ut nisl purus. Maecenas vitae mattis odio. Vivamus blandit tincidunt iaculis. Quisque velit mauris, tristique a nunc eu, iaculis ultricies magna.


- Cards Flipped
- Time Remaining
minutes - Star Rating
Restart Game
You are about to restart the game....
Pause Game
Game Is Paused
Game Over
Over The Time Limit
You've exceeded the maximum time (4 mins) to complete the game.
Game Over
Congratulations!!! You're a WINNER
- Total Time to Match All Cards: / 4:00
- Total Number of Times Cards Flipped: / 108
- Final Star Rating:
- View Scoreboard
Scoreboard--UNDER CONSTRUCTION
Least Time Elapsed
| Time (minutes) | |
|---|---|
| Average | |
| Current Player |
Least Cards Revealed
| Cards Flipped |
|
|---|---|
| Average | |
| Current Player |
Information
Rules Of Play
Memory, also commonly known as Concentration, is a classic memory-based card game in which all the cards in the deck are laid face down, and then two cards are flipped face up. The object of the game is to turn over matching pairs of cards.
Deck Of Cards
Total 24-card deck containing 12 unique pairs of cards depicting various Star Wars characters.
Time Limit
Maximum 4 minutes.
Card Turn Over Limit
Maximum 108 flips (turn overs).
Goal
To match all pairs of cards in the least amount of time and with the least amount of flips.
Setup
Cards are randomnly shuffled and laid out in a grid face down.
Gameplay
Click 'Start' to begin play.
- Click on the first card to turn face up and display the Star Wars character, and then click on a second card.
- If the two cards display matching images, both cards remain face-up in position. Click to display another card.
- If the two displayed cards do not match, both cards are turned back face down. Click to display another card.
- Play continues until all the cards have been matched within the maximum time limit and maximum turn over (flips) limit.
Hint: Pay attention and remember where cards are located when flipped. When you turn over the first card, you may remember where to find the matching card.
Winning
All cards are matched in the least amount of time and the least number of cards flipped.
Game Over
Play will immediately stop if:
- All cards are matched.
- The maximum time is exceeded.
- The maximum number of flips is exceeded.
Options
During game play, the following options are available:
- Pause: click to temporarily pause the game.
- Restart: click to refresh game board and start a new game.
Game Over
Over The Cards Flipped Limit
You've exceeded the maximum number of times (96) that cards can be flipped and displayed in a game.


Saudi startup’s co-founders celebrate 3rd place at EWC
There is nothing more relaxing than grabbing a paint brush, letting your imagination flow and expressing your emotions on an empty canvas while sipping your favorite coffee.
Arty Cafe allows you to do just that, making it a perfect place to unwind after a long day at work.
The cafe has art supplies ranging from coloring pencils to acrylic paints and brushes of all sizes.
The atmosphere, lighting, music and a room full of passionate artists encouraged me to take up painting as a hobby.
Aside from the colorful platform it offers artists in Jeddah, the cafe’s coffee and desserts are well worth trying. I recommend their iced Spanish latte.
Arty Cafe is located in Al-Shatea district and is open Saturday-Thursday from 11:30 a.m. to 11:30 p.m. and from 5 p.m. to 11:30 p.m. on Fridays.


About me
Junior Web Developer
I'm a Front End Developer from Greece. I'm passionate about clean code and how we can turn code in something visually great. I have Bachelor's Degree in Informatics Engineer at Technological Institute of Central Macedonia (4 years) .
Services
HTML5/SCSS - JavaScript/JQuery , Frameworks - React, WordPress
Responsive Design - For All devices
Version Control/Git - Testing/Debugging - Browser Developer Tools
Basic use of Photoshop - Illustrator - Figma - AdobeXD
Front-End Developer
As a front end developer with 1.5 year+ experience, i want to build responsive and fresh websites for clients. Consolidate my front-end skills , which i learned to adapt them in a high paced working environment
UI/UX Design
My passion in user interface / experience is researching the most recent and advanced designs. I want to collaborate with clients to have visual communication. User empathy and interactive designs are my go to
Education
Bachelor in Informatics Engineering at Technological Institute of Central Macedonia. WorkShops related in React Redux, WordPress, Arduino IO. Conquered The FreeCodeCamp (1800 hours) , plus Udemy Courses


@main("BN Viewer"){
The Bayesian Network Viewer is a tool for viewing and sharing clinical Bayesian networks. @** as well as various other types of predictive models. **@
For Public Bayesian Network, any user can view the model and raw data, inference, and test own raw data using the model.
For Private Bayesian Network, only registered user can view the model and raw data, inference, and test own raw data using the model and learn a new model using the testing data or combined data with original one. The registered user can upload new models and shared them with other registered users. Also the owner of the model can update and delete the model, and view the log history of the model.
The file format of the bayesian networks is *.xdsl that is built on GeNIe.
Any question or comment please contact us.


‘Remarkable’: Petr Cech talks up Frank Lampard’s impact at Chelsea FC
Petr Cech heaps praise on Frank Lampard following his impressive start to life as Chelsea FC boss
by The Sport Review staffPetr Cech has heaped praise on Frank Lampard for the impact he has had since taking over at Chelsea FC this season.
Lampard has been earning lots of praise for the job he has been doing at Stamford Bridge since being brought in to replace Maurizio Sarri back in July.
The former midfielder has placed his faith firmly in youth and has been giving the likes of Tammy Abraham and Mason Mount the chance to shine in the Chelsea FC team.
Chelsea FC are currently in the race to claim a top-four finish this season and Lampard has had to work under the constraints of the Blues’ Fifa transfer ban.
Cech was Lampard’s team-mate for many years at Stamford Bridge and the former Czech Republic international has talked up the impact that the ex-England international has had.
Speaking in an interview quoted by FourFourTwo, Cech said: “The manager with his coaching staff has done a remarkable job.
“They managed to integrate players in the team. The senior players were a huge help for the young players.
“They help them become better and keep them grounded. And the biggest part is the coaching staff and the manager because he sets the tone on the training ground. He takes the biggest credit.”
Chelsea FC are in Champions League action on Wednesday night when they travel to Spain to take on Valencia.
The west London side will then switch their attentions back towards Premier League affairs and their home clash against London rivals West Ham United next weekend.


Controls:
WASD move,
R|F up | down,
Q|E roll,
up|down pitch,
left|right yaw
shift speed up
space/esc toggle mouse controls
Scroll to increase/decrease your field of view.
Point your device around you to look around. Touch the screen to move forwards. Use two fingers to go faster.
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Presents basic 'cyber-hygiene' practices everyone should follow to protect their online world from cyber-attack.
One of these factors is the role of stereotypes, which is reinforced by social and cultural norms that underline certain expectations about gender. While it is expected for men to go to work, it is viewed as more of a choice for women. Events exclusive to gender, such as “Women in Business” or “Women in Entrepreneurship”, add to the stereotype that women need help and guidance, as they are perceived to be too sensitive to fight their way to success in business. Therefore it becomes important for women to ask questions such as whether they want to be judged on their abilities and talent or their gender. If they feel that they want to be judged by their talent, they need to set an example so that other women can be inspired to follow.
There is a clear business case for companies to prioritise these issues. The monetary impact of the decision to sack employees increases a company’s overall turnover cost. Studies on the cost of employee turnover predict that every time a business replaces a salaried employee, it costs 6- 9 months’ salary on average. Many employers argue that this cost is less compared to losses from under-performing employees, and because of long-term benefits, replacement of the employee is worth the turnover cost. However, if businesses invest in employee mental well-being, they would not only help employees recover, but also increase the productivity of the business and avoid the turnover cost. Fostering good mental health also helps create a more inclusive and positive culture within the company, and furthers the corporate social responsibility cause which many companies value.
Looking for answers, I studied and listed down 10 key takeaways from research by the faculty of the Department of Management. I’ve grouped the top ten themes that suggest a set of priorities that will help all those working in the field of management to succeed in their careers.
The internet really created the capacity for disruptive innovation to come alive when combined with passionate users, leading to an explosion of creative collaboration. Today, the majority of the big firms leverage ‘open innovation’ tools such as crowdsourcing, lead users and innovative intermediaries to explore new ideas. Globalisation, technological progress, the rise of mobility and easy availability of information are all enablers of the use of open innovation methods.
On 22 May 2017 Julia Gillard, former Prime Minister of Australia and chair of the Board of Directors of the Global Partnership for Education (GPE), delivered a speech at LSE to gather support for the cause of education and solving the learning crisis that exists around the globe.


Commands¶
Note
this section discusses the internal API of Alembic as regards its command invocation system. This section is only useful for developers who wish to extend the capabilities of Alembic. For documentation on using Alembic commands, please see Tutorial.
Alembic commands are all represented by functions in the Commands
package. They all accept the same style of usage, being sent
the Config
object as the first argument.
Commands can be run programmatically, by first constructing a Config
object, as in:
from alembic.config import Config
from alembic import command
alembic_cfg = Config("/path/to/yourapp/alembic.ini")
command.upgrade(alembic_cfg, "head")
In many cases, and perhaps more often than not, an application will wish
to call upon a series of Alembic commands and/or other features. It is
usually a good idea to link multiple commands along a single connection
and transaction, if feasible. This can be achieved using the
Config.attributes
dictionary in order to share a connection:
with engine.begin() as connection:
alembic_cfg.attributes['connection'] = connection
command.upgrade(alembic_cfg, "head")
This recipe requires that env.py
consumes this connection argument;
see the example in Sharing a Connection with a Series of Migration Commands and Environments for details.
To write small API functions that make direct use of database and script directory
information, rather than just running one of the built-in commands,
use the ScriptDirectory
and MigrationContext
classes directly.
-
alembic.command.
branches
(config, verbose=False)¶ Show current branch points
-
alembic.command.
current
(config, verbose=False, head_only=False)¶ Display the current revision for a database.
-
alembic.command.
downgrade
(config, revision, sql=False, tag=None)¶ Revert to a previous version.
-
alembic.command.
edit
(config, rev)¶ Edit revision script(s) using $EDITOR
-
alembic.command.
heads
(config, verbose=False, resolve_dependencies=False)¶ Show current available heads in the script directory
-
alembic.command.
history
(config, rev_range=None, verbose=False)¶ List changeset scripts in chronological order.
-
alembic.command.
init
(config, directory, template='generic')¶ Initialize a new scripts directory.
-
alembic.command.
list_templates
(config)¶ List available templates
-
alembic.command.
merge
(config, revisions, message=None, branch_label=None, rev_id=None)¶ Merge two revisions together. Creates a new migration file.
New in version 0.7.0.
See also
-
alembic.command.
revision
(config, message=None, autogenerate=False, sql=False, head='head', splice=False, branch_label=None, version_path=None, rev_id=None, depends_on=None)¶ Create a new revision file.
-
alembic.command.
show
(config, rev)¶ Show the revision(s) denoted by the given symbol.
-
alembic.command.
stamp
(config, revision, sql=False, tag=None)¶ ‘stamp’ the revision table with the given revision; don’t run any migrations.
-
alembic.command.
upgrade
(config, revision, sql=False, tag=None)¶ Upgrade to a later version.


Lucas Martins
This site I will use to show my projects developed in some courses:
Todo List in Angular
Countries
RGB
Search Users


library(readr)
<- read_csv('../../../raw_data/milk.csv')
milk acf(milk$milk_prod_per_cow_kg)
This post is to set up the basic concepts of time-series analysis.
Autocovariance & autocorrelation
Autocorrelation as the name indicates is the correlation of the time-series with itself, more specifically with a lag version of itself.
Let’s consider \(\{X_t\}\) a time series.
- Then the mean function of \(\{X_t\}\) (the first moment) is defined as \(\mu_t = \textbf{E}(X_t)\). In other words, \(\mu_t\) is the expected value of the time series at point t.
- The Variance of the time series is defined as \(\sigma_t ^2 = Var(X_t) = \textbf{E}[(X_t - \mu_t)^2]\).
- In general, \(\mu_t\) and \(\sigma_t ^2\) are different at different point in time.
Now, we define the autocovariance function of the time series as \[\gamma(s, t) = Cov(X_s, X_t) = \textbf{E}[(X_s - \mu_s)(X_t - \mu_t)]\]. In the same vein, we define the autocorrelation function of the time series as \[\rho(s,t) = Corr(X_s, X_t) = \frac {\gamma (s, t)}{\sigma_s \sigma_t} = \frac{Cov(X_s, X_t)}{\sqrt{Var(X_s) Var(X_t)}}\]
Autocovariance and autocorrelation measure the linear correlation between between two points \(X_s\) and \(X_t\) on the same time-series.
Few properties of autocavariance and autocorrelation of time-series
- \(\gamma(t, t) = \sigma_t^2\)
- \(\gamma(s, t) = \gamma(t, s)\)
- \(|\gamma(s, t)| \le \sigma_s \sigma_t\)
- \(\rho(t, t) \equiv 1\)
Autocorrelation plots - Correlogram
As exercise, we can plot the auto-correlation of a non-stationary (aka with significant autocorrelation) time-series. We are using the Monthly Milk production (no idea where the data come from)
Using R
In R the standard function to plot a correlogram is the acf() function
Graph clearly shows some seasonality (at the 12 lags ==> yearly correlation) which indicates that our data are non-stationary (next section).
If we are more attached to the auto-correlation values, we can store the results in a dataframe.
<- acf(milk$milk_prod_per_cow_kg, plot = F)
yo yo
Autocorrelations of series 'milk$milk_prod_per_cow_kg', by lag
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1.000 0.892 0.778 0.620 0.487 0.428 0.376 0.415 0.454 0.562 0.687 0.769 0.845
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
0.745 0.638 0.490 0.364 0.306 0.255 0.287 0.321 0.417 0.529
We could use the ggplot package to create a function to draw acf and get more customization. We will re-use this function later as well.
# slightly fancier version (with more customization)
<- function(series) {
ggacf <- qnorm((1 + 0.95)/2)/sqrt(sum(!is.na(series)))
significance_level <- acf(series, plot=F)
a .2 <- with(a, data.frame(lag, acf))
a<- ggplot(a.2[-1,], aes(x=lag,y=acf)) +
g geom_segment(mapping = aes(xend = lag, yend = 0), linewidth = 0.8) +
xlab('Lag') + ylab('ACF') +
geom_hline(yintercept=c(significance_level,-significance_level), linetype= 'dashed', color = 'dodgerblue4');
# fix scale for integer lags
if (all(a.2$lag%%1 == 0)) {
<- g + scale_x_discrete(limits = factor(seq(1, max(a.2$lag))));
g
}return(g);
}
library(ggplot2)
library(tibble)
ggacf(milk$milk_prod_per_cow_kg)
Using Python
In python, we need to use the statsmodel package.
from pandas import read_csv
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from statsmodels.graphics.tsaplots import plot_acf
= read_csv('../../../raw_data/milk.csv', index_col=0)
df
plot_acf(df) plt.show()
Stationarity
A time-series \(\{X_t\}\) is (weakly) stationary if:
- \(E[X_t] = \mu\) is a constant
- \(E[X_t^2] < \infty\)
- \(Cov(X_t, X_{t+k}) = \gamma(k)\) is independent of t for each integer k. \(\gamma(k)\) is called the lag \(k\) autocovariance of function of \(\{X_t\}\)
Random Walk & White Noise
White noise is a special type of time-series and a special case of stationarity. The concept emerge when studying Random Walk. \(\{X_t\}\) is a random-walk if it satisfies the equation:
\[X_t = X_{t-1} + W_t \tag{1}\] where \(\{W_t\}\) is a white-noise. In other words, \(W_t \sim iid N(0, \sigma_w^2)\)
\(\{W_t\}\) is a white-noise if
- \(E[W_t] = \mu\) is a constant for all t
- \(Var[W_t] = \sigma_w^2\) is a constant
- \(Cov(W_s, W_t) = 0\) for any s and t with \(s<t\). In other words, any 2 subset of W are uncorrelated.
If \(\{W_t\}\) is iid (independent and identically distributed) and \(\rho(k) = 1\) (when k=0) and \(\rho(k) = 0\) (otherwise, aka for any other values of k), then \(\{W_t\}\) is a white noise.
Therefore, as \(n \rightarrow \infty\), we can say that \(\frac{1}{n} (X_1 + \dots + X_n) = E[X_t] = \mu\)
A random walk is mean stationary: \(E(X_t) = E(X_0)\). However, the random walk is NOT variance stationary: \(Var(X_t) = Var(X_{t-1}) + \sigma_w^2 \gt Var(X_{t-1})\).
We can generate white-noise in R using the arima.sim() function.
set.seed(1234)
# Generate a white noise in R
<- stats::arima.sim(model = list(order = c(0, 0, 0)), n = 250)
wn <- tibble(x = 1:250, y = as.vector(wn))
df
ggplot(df, aes(x, y)) +
geom_line(color = 'dodgerblue3') +
xlab('Time') + ylab('White Noise') +
labs(title = 'Generated White Noise')
And let’s check the autocorrelation plot to visually confirm that.
# using the standard R function.
acf(wn, lag.max = 20)
We could also use a ggplot function to plot the auto-correlation of our time-series.
ggacf(wn)
Statistical test to check white-noise.
In R we can use the Ljung-Box test (Portmanteau ‘Q’ test).
Box.test(wn, type = 'Ljung-Box', lag = 1)
Box-Ljung test
data: wn
X-squared = 4.8374, df = 1, p-value = 0.02785
PACF
The Partial Autocorrelation measures the correlation between \(\{X_{t-k} \}\) and \(\{ X_t \}\).
pacf(milk$milk_prod_per_cow_kg)
Application to a financial asset
We know that most financial assets prices are not stationary. Let’s take SBUX for instance. That being said, the log difference of their prices is stationary. Note how \(log(P_t) - log(P{t-1}) = log( \frac{P_t}{P_{t-1} )\)
Using R
library(dplyr)
library(lubridate)
<- read_csv('../../../raw_data/SBUX.csv') |> arrange(date) |>
df select(date, adjClose) |>
mutate(ret_1d = log(adjClose / lag(adjClose)),
ret_5d = log(adjClose / lag(adjClose, n = 5)),
y_t = log(adjClose) - log(lag(adjClose)),
day_of_week = weekdays(date)) |>
filter(date > '2018-01-01' & day_of_week == 'Tuesday')
ggacf(df$y_t)
Python code
from statsmodels.tsa.stattools import acf
from statsmodels.stats.diagnostic import acorr_ljungbox
from statsmodels.graphics.tsaplots import plot_acf, plot_pacf
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
= pd.read_csv('../../../raw_data/SBUX.csv')
py_df = py_df['date']
py_df.index = py_df.sort_index()
py_df
= pd.Series(py_df['adjClose'])
py_df_ts = np.log(1 + py_df_ts.pct_change())
log_ret = log_ret.dropna()
log_ret
= acf(log_ret, nlags = 25, qstat = True)
r, q, p
= plt.figure()
fig =25)
plot_acf(log_ret, lags plt.show()
# q is for the Ljung-Box test statistics
q
array([26.3136516 , 26.316042 , 26.4475469 , 27.2734633 , 28.00235211,
28.69472715, 28.70545674, 35.25084316, 39.48634821, 39.62923899,
40.19059746, 40.26948906, 40.2707996 , 40.27868851, 44.51737182,
44.57802557, 45.63422739, 45.70863764, 46.1791967 , 46.4744188 ,
47.53325326, 48.52664511, 49.81175008, 50.99884363, 54.25246436])
# p is for the p-value of the Ljung-Box statistics.
p
array([2.90229916e-07, 1.92994124e-06, 7.68595886e-06, 1.75019647e-05,
3.63602517e-05, 6.94858936e-05, 1.63715557e-04, 2.40667022e-05,
9.41189824e-06, 1.96904817e-05, 3.31867363e-05, 6.48649190e-05,
1.25022094e-04, 2.30799458e-04, 9.12196699e-05, 1.61044765e-04,
1.95803242e-04, 3.27130628e-04, 4.67495545e-04, 6.93532977e-04,
7.95682642e-04, 9.24023511e-04, 9.75159499e-04, 1.05482880e-03,
6.16160760e-04])
= acorr_ljungbox(log_ret, lags =25, return_df = False, boxpierce = False)
q1, p1 p1
'lb_pvalue'
= plt.figure()
fig =25)
plot_pacf(log_ret, lags plt.show()
log_ret.describe()
count 5653.000000
mean 0.000559
std 0.019890
min -0.176788
25% -0.008773
50% 0.000345
75% 0.009802
max 0.168728
Name: adjClose, dtype: float64
log_ret.plot() plt.show()
pd.Series.idxmax(log_ret)
'2009-07-22'
pd.Series.idxmin(log_ret)
'2020-03-16'
Time-series composition
Compose deterministic time-series (with trend and seasonality) with stochastic component
<- tibble(x = 1:252, phi = rnorm(252, mean = 0, sd = 1.5)) |>
df mutate(y = 0.07 * x + 0.03 + phi)
ggplot(df, aes(x, y)) +
geom_line() +
ggtitle(label = 'Compose a linear trend with a stochastic component')
We can also create a seasonality with a stochastic component
<- tibble(x = 1:252, phi = rnorm(252, mean = 0, sd = 1.5)) |>
df mutate(y = 1.7 * sin((2 * pi * x / 50) + 0.3 * pi ) + phi)
ggplot(df, aes(x, y)) +
geom_line() +
ggtitle(label = 'Compose a seasonal trend with a stochastic component')


Machine Learning Evapotranspiration
A pipeline to OzWheat joy
AgScores Weather Analytics
Exposure of wheat to heat across Australia
Automated processing of soil core data.
Peptide specificity in the UniProt
Using Machine Learning to predict chlorophyll-a for water quality monitoring and management
Potassium Isotherms
Massive Model Output Visualisation
Predicting linkages between women’s labour and the economy using machine learning
Shiny Biotic
Identification of Agricultural Area in the Kamala Catchment, Nepal
Ecosystem attributes of the Northwest Shelf
Air quality measurements
Lenfest - SE Australia case study
Detecting Highly Pathogenic Viruses


RADIATION-INDUCED GRAFTING OF BUTADIENE TO CHLORINATED POLYETHYLENE
AND POLY (VINYL CHLORIDE)
by
Ira Block
Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy i971 wy]
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.


Reports any inner classes which may safely be made
static
. An inner class may be static if it doesn't reference its enclosing class instance. A static inner class uses slightly less memory.
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Age of Empires 4 set in medieval period, gameplay reveal trailer shows two factions
by Stephany NunneleyWe were finally given a look at Age of Empires 4 today during X019.
Age of Empires 4 is still in development, which means a release date was not provided.
What we do know, is it’s set during the medieval period and the factions shown in the trailer are the Mongols and English.
The game is still in its alpha stage, so we will have a bit of a wait.
Until then, you can always play Age of Empires 2: Definitive Edition which arrived today. It’s also available through Xbox Game Pass.


Germany: Tehran should hold dialogue with protesters
by EUobserverGerman chancellor Angela Merkel's spokeswoman Ulrike Demmer called the current protests in Iran "legitimate and deserving of our respect when people courageously air their economic and political grievances," Deutsche Welle reports. She added that "the Iranian government should respond to the current protests with a willingness to engage in dialogue," and that Germany urges "the government in Tehran to respect freedom of assembly and expression."


‘RTI a tool against red-tapism’
by Special CorrespondentThe role of the officials in implementing the right to information laws so as to make the administration transparent and strengthen the democratic institutions of the country was significant, said Vincent M. Paul, the State’s Chief Information Commissioner (CIC), here on Wednesday. He was speaking after inaugurating a one-day workshop on right to information. He said that the Right to Information Act was a tool against bureaucratic red-tapism.
The State Commission on Right to Information and the Kerala Media Academy jointly organised the workshop.


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