Intronet
May 31, 2015
An Introduction to the Internet
Something that I know I'll need to remember in the midst of learning how to program and develop websites is how the Internet works. I mean let's be honest, can you really give me a flawless explanation as to how everything works if I asked you to right now? If you can, good for you, if you can't, no worries, becauseI'm going to just give cover the basics as basic as I can. And don't worry, I'll be working on this particular blog incrementally so that I can simplify it as much as possible.
The Internet is like a wire.
- Servers are connected to the Internet; the Internet is a super computer
- Web pages are on a server's hard drive
- Every server has an Internet protocol address
- Because IP address names are hard to remember, we give them names
- Our own computers are not servers, b/c they’re not directly connected to the Internet
- Our computers are clients, as they’re connected by an Internet service provider (ISP)
- Whenever an email, picture, etc. is sent across the Internet, it's broken into packets which are later put back together
IP Addresses and Routers
- Everything corrected to the Internet has an IP address, even phones
- routers direct your packets around the Internet
- Packets are wrapped in "layers"
- The 1st layer is the IP address, it's sent to the next router and adds that IP address; each router adds another layer/IP address
- when the server sends back info, it sends back packets with identical wrapping, each router unwraps the layer
The Internet vs The Web
- The Internet is a system of interconnected computer networks using the same rules (protocols) to talk to each other
- It was initially used for exchanging, emails and remote logins
- It's the ‘network of networks'
- The Web is an application built on top of the Internet
- It's an information sharing app that allows you to read and interact with web pages through a web browser
Web Browser
- Desktop software applications allowing you to browse the Internet to look at a website without a browser
- Web browsers take code and represent it
- World Wide Web Consoritum (W3C) sets forth browser guidelines but can’t enforce them
- One big problem is backwards browser compliance
Web Servers
- A computer that can be accessed through the Internet
- Web servers receive your requests for web pages and put together the parts, then send it back
- Windows comes with Internet Information Services (IIS) and Apple computers come with Apache - web server softwares
Websites vs Web Applications
- Websites are static in that they're not updated all that often
- Web applications are dynamic and ever changing
- They rely on you to interact with them
- They're built with HTML, CSS, etc, but also use programming languages like PHP, Ruby, Python and frameworks like Rails, Django and CakePHP
- They almost always use databases - therefore they’re dynamic
Domains
- A domain name is a shortcut to a computer hooked up to the Internet
- Top level domains are .com, .net, .org, etc.
- Second level domains: site name ie. skill crush.com
- Domain names are the nicknames for IP addresses
- ICANN - the Internet Corp for Assigned Names and Numbers controls the ins and outs of naming on the Internet, and are responsible for licensing everyone who sells domains
DNS
- The phone book of the Internet
- Domain Name System
- DNS servers are computers that keep record of domain names and IP addresses
- When you make a web request, your computer asks the DNS server for the IP address numbers get into the DNS phone book when you register a domain name
- When you change a domain name or web server, DNS can take time to update - propagation delay
IP Address
- Your computer’s address on the Internet
- Each number in your IP address: X.X.X.X can go from 0 to 255
- IPv6 IP addresses are super long
Introduction to DNS and Creating a New Website
- Buy the domain name
- Registrars get licenses to sell domain names
- Find a host for the website - if you buy domain and hosting service from the same company, you don’t need to worry about DNS
- Specify name servers for your domain
- Point the domain name at the IP address (using the registrar, host or another) point domain.com to your new IP address
- www is the host name, IP given by your host
- Using * as a hostname -> everything.domain.com points to the IP address
- @ as the hostname —> domain.com without the www part
Actual blog layout explanation to come!


Hiking Mount Rinjani in Indonesia - Part 2
Day 2 - First Day of the hike
We met with our 3 porters and 1 guide (Ipin) after completing the registration at the Rinjani Information Center. Day 1 trek was for 7 Hours (moving time 3 hrs 40 mins) with an altitude gain of 1,541 meters and covering a distance of 10.31 KMs from the start point. The last stage after POS 3 was a steep climb and very exhausting.
Start of Trek
We had 3 porters and one guide with us during the trek. The porters each carry 30kgs on their shoulders and sprint away whereas the actual trekkers like us with 6KGs backpacks struggle to climb!
This guy provides a taxi service up to POS2. Not sure on the cost but we saw couple of ladies taking the taxi service.
POS 1
We rested here for 10 minutes and continued to POS2.
Top of the crater
This is what greeted us when we reached the crater of the mountain. Not to forget the heavy gusty winds which were threatening to push us back down.
An overview of the day’s hike
Approximate 9 hours of hiking on day 1. Approximately 1541 meters climber covering a distance of 10.5 KMs.
All Photographs are copyrighted.


State Farm Quote Flow [site]
Roles: User Interface Designer, Tester
grouVie [react] [back-end]
Roles: User Interface Designer, Graphic Designer, Tester, Front-End Developer
CodePen.io/FreeCodeCamp Portfolio [link]
Roles: User Interface Designer, Graphic Designer, Tester, Front-End Developer, etc


Rainbow reveals MV teaser for 'I Dream Of You'
by sl278Rainbow surprised fans yesterday with the announcement that they were making a comeback and the group has revealed their first MV teaser for their song "I Dream of You". The girls are seen emotionally standing in the recording room, preparing to sing to a beautiful ballad.
The video is set to release today at 6 pm KST so stay tuned for more updates!


| W,A,S,D | tank movement |
| 1,2,3,4,5,6 | camera view angle |
| 7,8,9,0,I,O,P | camera lookAt |
| F | toggle fog |
| R | toggle shadow |
| Z | toggle spotlights |
| C | toggle birds |
| V | toggle clouds |
| B | toggle light pole |
| M | toggle flag |
| N | toggle pole |
| Shift+G | increase spotlights speed |
| Shift+H | decrease spotlights speed |
| Shift+J | increase birds speed |
| Shift+K | decrease birds speed |
| Shift+T | increase clouds speed |
| Shift+Y | decrease clouds speed |
| MouseWheel | Zoom |
| MouseLeft | Look arround |


We will connect you with the revelant person in charge. Please click "Send botton" after providing your rigistering input.


--- layout: default ---
Bold words are what is really important e.g.
the command and concept shown in the usage category. In the code usage and
example columns these highlight the main part of the concept, like this:
general_stuff.concept
.
In the same columns italic_words
mark the
arguments/parameters of a command/method.
However italic words in the descriptions or general text denote more general concepts or concepts explained elsewhere in this cheat sheet or in general.
The console (also called command line, command prompt or terminal) is just another way of interacting with your computer. So you can basically do anything with it that you could also do with your graphical desktop user interface. This sections contains a couple of examples.
For the different operating systems starting the console differs.
| Concept | Usage | Examples | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Change directory |
cd directory
|
|
Changes the directory to the specified directory on the console. |
| List contents directory |
|
|
Shows all contents (files and folders) of the directory. If no directory is specified shows the contents of the current directory. |
| Directory you are currently in | pwd |
pwd |
Shows the full path of the directory you are currently
in. E.g. /home/tobi/railsgirls
A note on filenames: if a file or directory name starts with a slash / as in the output of pwd above, it is an absolute filename specifying the complete filename starting at the root of the current file system (e.g. hard disk). If the slash (/) is omitted, the file name is relative to the current working directory. |
| Create a new directory | mkdir name |
|
Creates a directory with the given name in the folder you are currently in. |
| Delete a file |
|
|
Deletes the specified file. Be extra cautious with this as it would be too bad to delete something you still need :-( You can simply specify the name of a file of the directory you are currently in. However you can also specify a path, this is shown in the third example. There we delete the old_picture.jpg file from the pictures folder. |
| Delete a directory |
|
|
Deletes the specified folder and all of its contents. So please be super cautious with this! Make sure that you do not need any of the contents of this folder any more. So why would you want to delete a whole folder? Well maybe it was an old application that you do not need anymore :-) |
| Starting a program | program arguments |
|
Starts the program with the given name and arbitrary arguments
if the program takes arguments. Firefox is just one example. Starting
Firefox without arguments just opens up Firefox. If you give it an
argument it opens the specified URL.
When you type in irb this starts interactive ruby.
|
| Abort the program | Press Ctrl + C | - | This will abort the program currently running in the terminal. For instance this is used to shut down the Rails server. You can also abort many other related tasks with it, including: bundle install, rake db:migrate, git pull and many more! |
Ruby is the programming language Ruby on Rails is written in. So most of the time you will be writing Ruby code. Therefore it is good to grasp the basics of Ruby. If you just want to play with Ruby, type irb into your console to start interactive ruby. There you can easily experiment with Ruby. To leave irb, type exit.
This is just a very small selection of concepts. This is especially true later on when we talk about what Arrays, Strings etc. can do. For more complete information have a look at ruby-doc or search with your favorite search engine!
| Concept | Usage | Examples | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Comment |
# Comment text
|
|
Ruby ignores everything that is marked as a comment. It does not try to execute it. Comments are just there for you as information. Comments are also commonly used to comment out code. That is when you don't want some part of your code to execute but you don't want to delete it just yet, because you are trying different things out. |
| Variables |
variable = some_value
|
|
With a variable you tell Ruby that from now on you want to refer to that value by the name you gave it. So for the first example, from now on when you use name Ruby will know that you meant "Tobi". |
| Console output |
puts something
|
|
Prints its argument to the console. Can be used in Rails apps to print something in the console where the server is running. |
| Call a method |
object.method(arguments)
|
|
Calling a method is also often referred to as sending a message in Ruby. Basically we are sending an object some kind of message and are waiting for its response. This message may have no arguments or multiple arguments, depending on the message. So we kindly ask the object to do something or give us some information. When you "call a method" or "send a message" something happens. In the first example we ask a String how long it is (how many characters it consists of). In the last example we substitute all occurrences of "ae" in the string with the German "ä". Different kinds of objects (Strings, Numbers, Arrays...) understand different messages. |
| Define a method |
|
|
Methods are basically reusable units of behaviour. And you can define them yourself just like this. Methods are small and focused on implementing a specific behaviour.
Our example method is focused on greeting people.
You could call it like this: |
| Equality | object == other |
|
With two equal signs you can check if two things are the
same. If so, true will be returned; otherwise, the result
will be false .
|
| Inequality | object != other |
|
Inequality is the inverse to equality, e.g. it results in
true when two values are not the same and it results
in false when they are the same.
|
| Decisions with if |
|
|
With if-clauses you can decide based upon a condition what to do. When the condition is considered true, then the code after it is executed. If it is considered false, the code after the "else" is executed. In the example, access is granted based upon the decision if a given input matches the password. |
| Constants | CONSTANT = some_value |
|
Constants look like variables, just in UPCASE. Both hold values and give you a name to refer to those values. However while the value a variable holds may change or might be of an unknown value (if you save user input in a variable) constants are different. They have a known value that should never change. Think of it a bit like mathematical or physical constants. These don't change, they always refer to the same value. |
Numbers are what you would expect them to be, normal numbers that you use to perform basic math operations.
More information about numbers can be found in the ruby-doc of Numeric.
| Concept | Usage | Examples | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| normal Number | number_of_your_choice |
|
Numbers are natural for Ruby, you just have to enter them! |
| Decimals | main.decimal |
|
You can achieve decimal numbers in Ruby simply by adding a point. |
| Basic Math |
n operator m
|
|
In Ruby you can easily use basic math operations. In that sense you may use Ruby as a super-powered calculator. |
| Comparison |
n operator m
|
|
Numbers may be compared to determine if a number is bigger or smaller
than another number. When you have the age of a person saved in the
|
Strings are used to hold textual information. They may contain single characters, words, sentences or a whole book. However you may just think of them as an ordered collection of characters.
You can find out more about Strings at the ruby-doc page about Strings.
| Concept | Usage | Examples | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Create |
|
|
A string is created by putting quotation marks around a character sequence. A Ruby style guide recommends using single quotes for simple strings. |
| Interpolation |
|
|
You can combine a string with a variable or Ruby expression using double quotation marks. This is called "interpolation." It is okay to use double quotation marks around a simple string, too. |
| Length | string.length |
|
You can send a string a message, asking it how long it is and it will respond with the number of characters it consists of. You could use this to check if the desired password of a user exceeds the required minimum length. Notice how we add a comment to show the expected result. |
| Concatenate | string + string2 |
|
Concatenates two or more strings together and returns the result. |
| Substitute |
|
|
gsub stands for "globally substitute". It substitutes all
occurrences of a_string within the string with
substitute . |
| Access |
string[position]
|
"Hello"[1] # => "e"
|
Access the character at the given position in the string. Be aware that the first position is actually position 0. |
An array is an ordered collection of items which is indexed by numbers. So an array contains multiple objects that are mostly related to each other. So what could you do? You could store a collection of the names of your favorite fruits and name it fruits.
This is just a small selection of things an Array can do. For more information have a look at the ruby-doc for Array.
| Concept | Usage | Examples | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Create |
[contents]
|
|
Creates an Array, empty or with the specified contents. |
| Number of elements |
array.size
|
|
Returns the number of elements in an Array. |
| Access |
array[position]
|
|
As an Array is a collection of different elements, you often want to access a single element of the Array. Arrays are indexed by numbers so you can use a number to access an individual element. Be aware that the numbering actually starts with "0" so the first element actually is the 0th. And the last element of a three element array is element number 2. |
| Adding an element |
array << element
|
|
Adds the element to the end of the array, increasing the size of the array by one. |
| Assigning |
array[number] =
value
|
|
Assigning new Array Values works a lot like accessing them; use an equals sign to set a new value. Voila! You changed an element of the array! Weehuuuuu! |
| Delete at index |
array.delete_at(i)
|
|
Deletes the element of the array at the specified index. Remember that indexing starts at 0. If you specify an index larger than the number of elements in the array, nothing will happen. |
| Iterating |
array.each do |e| .. end
|
|
"Iterating" means doing something for each element of the array. Code placed between do and end determines what is done to each element in the array. The first example prints the name of every person in the array to the console. The second example simply doubles every number of a given array. |
Hashes associate a key to some value. You may then retrieve the value based upon its key. This construct is called a dictionary in other languages, which is appropriate because you use the key to "look up" a value, as you would look up a definition for a word in a dictionary. Each key must be unique for a given hash but values can be repeated.
Hashes can map from anything to anything! You can map from Strings to
Numbers, Strings to Strings, Numbers to Booleans... and you can mix
all of those! Although it is common that at least all the keys are of
the same class. Symbols are especially common as keys. Symbols
look like this: :symbol
. A symbol is a colon followed by some
characters. You can think of them as special strings that stand for
(symbolize) something! We often use symbols because
Ruby runs faster when we use symbols instead of strings.
Learn more about hashes at ruby-doc.
| Concept | Usage | Examples | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Creating |
{key => value}
|
|
You create a hash by surrounding the key-value pairs with curly braces. The arrow always goes from the key to the value depicting the meaning: "This key points to this value.". Key-value pairs are then separated by commas. |
| Accessing | hash[key] |
|
Accessing an entry in a hash looks a lot like accessing it in
an array. However with a hash the key can be anything, not
just numbers. If you try to access a key that does not exist, the
value nil is returned, which is Ruby's way of saying
"nothing", because if it doesn't recognize the key it can't return
a value for it.
|
| Assigning |
hash[key] = value
|
|
Assigning values to a hash is similar to assigning values to an array. With a hash, the key can be a number or it can be a symbol, string, number... or anything, really! |
| Deleting | hash.delete(key) |
|
You can delete a specified key from the hash, so that the key and its value can not be accessed. |
This is an introduction to the basics of Rails. We look at the general structure of a Rails application and the important commands used in the terminal.
If you do not have Rails installed yet, there is a well maintained guide by Daniel Kehoe on how to install Rails on different platforms.
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| app | This folder contains your application. Therefore it is the most important folder in Ruby on Rails and it is worth digging into its subfolders. See the following rows. |
| app/assets | Assets basically are your front-end stuff. This folder contains images you use on your website, javascripts for all your fancy front-end interaction and stylesheets for all your CSS making your website absolutely beautiful. |
| app/controllers | The controllers subdirectory contains the controllers, which handle the requests from the users. It is often responsible for a single resource type, such as places, users or attendees. Controllers also tie together the models and the views. |
| app/helpers | Helpers are used to take care of logic that is needed in the views in order to keep the views clean of logic and reuse that logic in multiple views. |
| app/mailers | Functionality to send emails goes here. |
| app/models | The models subdirectory holds the classes that model the business logic of our application. It is concerned with the things our application is about. Often this is data, that is also saved in the database. Examples here are a Person, or a Place class with all their typical behaviour. |
| app/views |
The views subdirectory contains the display templates that will be displayed to the user after a successful request. By default they are written in HTML with embedded ruby (.html.erb). The embedded ruby is used to insert data from the application. It is then converted to HTML and sent to the browser of the user. It has subdirectories for every resource of our application, e.g. places, persons. These subdirectories contain the associated view files. Files starting with an underscore (_) are called partials. Those are parts of a view which are reused in other views. A common example is _form.html.erb which contains the basic form for a given resource. It is used in the new and in the edit view since creating something and editing something looks pretty similar. |
| config | This directory contains the configuration files that your application will need, including your database configuration (in database.yml) and the particularly important routes.rb which decides how web requests are handled. The routes.rb file matches a given URL with the controller which will handle the request. |
| db | Contains a lot of database related files. Most importantly the migrations subdirectory, containing all your database migration files. Migrations set up your database structure, including the attributes of your models. With migrations you can add new attributes to existing models or create new models. So you could add the favorite_color attribute to your Person model so everyone can specify their favorite color. |
| doc | Contains the documentation you create for your application. Not too important when starting out. |
| lib | Short for library. Contains code you've developed that is used in your application and may be used elsewhere. For example, this might be code used to get specific information from Facebook. |
| log | See all the funny stuff that is written in the console where you started the Rails server? It is written to your development.log. Logs contain runtime information of your application. If an error happens, it will be recorded here. |
| public | Contains static files that do not contain Ruby code, such as error pages. |
| script | By default contains what is executed when you type in the rails command. Seldom of importance to beginners. |
| test | Contains the tests for your application. With tests you make sure that your application actually does what you think it does. This directory might also be called spec, if you are using the RSpec gem (an alternative testing framework). |
| vendor | A folder for software code provided by others ("libraries"). Most often, libraries are provided as ruby gems and installed using the Gemfile. If code is not available as a ruby gem then you should put it here. This might be the case for jQuery plugins. Probably won't be used that often in the beginning. |
| Gemfile | A file that specifies a list of gems that are required to run your application. Rails itself is a gem you will find listed in the Gemfile. Ruby gems are self-contained packages of code, more generally called libraries, that add functionality or features to your application. If you want to add a new gem to your application, add "gem gem_name" to your Gemfile, optionally specifying a version number. Save the file and then run bundle install to install the gem. |
| Gemfile.lock | This file specifies the exact versions of all gems you use. Because some gems depend on other gems, Ruby will install all you need automatically. The file also contains specific version numbers. It can be used to make sure that everyone within a team is working with the same versions of gems. The file is auto-generated. Do not edit this file. |
Here is a summary of important commands that can be used as you develop your Ruby on Rails app. You must be in the root directory of your project to run any of these commands (with the exception of the rails new command). The project or application root directory is the folder containing all the subfolders described above (app, config, etc.).
| Concept | Usage | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Create a new app | rails new name |
Create a new Ruby on Rails application with the given name here. This will give you the basic structure to immediately get started. After this command has successfully run your application is in a folder with the same name you gave the application. You have to cd into that folder. |
| Start the server | rails server |
You have to start the server in order for your application to respond to your requests. Starting the server might take some time. When it is done, you can access your application under localhost:3000 in the browser of your choice. In order to stop the server, go to the console where it is running and press Ctrl + C |
| Scaffolding |
rails generate scaffold
name attribute:type
|
The scaffold command magically generates all the common things needed for a new resource for you! This includes controllers, models and views. It also creates the following basic actions: create a new resource, edit a resource, show a resource, and delete a resource. That's all the basics you need. Take this example:
Now you can create new products, edit them, view them and delete them if you don't need them anymore. Nothing stops you from creating a full fledged web shop now ;-) |
| Run migrations | rake db:migrate |
When you add a new migration, for example by creating a new scaffold, the migration has to be applied to your database. The command is used to update your database. |
| Install dependencies | bundle install |
If you just added a new gem to your Gemfile you should run bundle install to install it. Don't forget to restart your server afterwards! |
| Check dependencies | bundle check |
Checks if the dependencies listed in Gemfile are satisfied by currently installed gems |
| Show existing routes | rake routes |
Shows complete list of available routes in your application. |
In your views (that is, under app/views
in your Rails app) you
will find .html.erb
files. ERB
stands for Embedded RuBy.
This just means that Rails processes some special tags in those files and
produces HTML output to send back to the user.
There are two ERB tags that you need to remember:
<%= ruby_code %>
and
<% ruby_code %>
. Notice that the difference is the
= in the first tag.
| Tag | Examples | Description |
|---|---|---|
<%= %> |
<%= @product.price %> |
It runs the Ruby code and inserts the result to the HTML at that position.
You can put any kind of Ruby code between <%= and
%> , for instance, <%= 9 * 3 %> will translate to
27 in the page that the user is viewing. However,
typically this tag is used to display some data from a model, such as the
price of a product, as shown in the example here.
|
<% %> |
|
The Ruby code between the delimiters <% and %>
is run but the result will not be inserted at this point
in the HTML. Therefore these tags are most commonly used for control flow
structures such as an if statement in the example, or loops.
|
When you write code you will be using a text editor. Of course each text editor is different and configurable. Here are just some functions and their most general short cuts. All of them work in Sublime Text 2. Your editor may differ!
The shortcuts listed here are for Linux/Windows. On a Mac you will have to replace Ctrl with Cmd.
| Function | Shortcut | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Save file | Ctrl + S | Saves the currently open file. If it was a new file you may also be asked where to save it. |
| Undo | Ctrl + Z | Undo the last change you made to the current file. Can be applied multiple times in succession to undo multiple changes. |
| Redo | Ctrl + Y or Ctrl + Shift + Z |
Redo what you just undid with undo, can also be done multiple times. |
| Find in File | Ctrl + F | Search for a character sequence within the currently open file. Hit Enter to progress to the next match. |
| Find in all Files | Ctrl + Shift + F | Search for a character sequence in all files of the project. |
| Replace |
Ctrl + H or Ctrl + R |
Replace occurrences of the supplied character sequence with the other supplied character sequence. Useful when renaming something. |
| Copy | Ctrl + C | Copy the currently highlighted text into the clipboard. |
| Cut | Ctrl + X | Copy the highlighted text into the clipboard but delete it. |
| Paste | Ctrl + V | Insert whatever currently is in the clipboard (through Copy or Cut) at the current caret position. Can insert multiple times. |
| New File | Ctrl + N | Create a new empty file. |
| Search and open file | Ctrl + P | Search for a file giving part of its name (fuzzy search). Pressing enter will open the selected file. |
| Comment | Ctrl + / | Marks the selected text as a comment, which means that it will be ignored. Useful when you want to see how something behaves or looks without a specific section of code being run. |
Things go wrong all the time. Don't worry, this happens to everyone. So keep calm. When you encounter an error, just google the error message. For best results, add the keywords "rails" or "ruby". Results from stackoverflow.com are often really helpful. Look for those! The most experienced developers do this frequently ;-).
Here are common mistakes with a little checklist:
Do you need more beginner friendly in depth information about Ruby on Rails? We have started to gather free tutorials and learning material on a resources page! Please give feedback about your favorite tutorials and lessons!


Nyzo 641: NyzoStringEncoder fix
Nyzo version 641
(commit on GitHub) corrects a bug in
NyzoStringEncoder.
This version does not affect any run modes, but it improves robustness of the code.
We are currently working on improving adoption of Nyzo. This includes work on the
NyzoScript functionality, and it also includes development of the
WordPress plugin to bring Nyzo Micropay to WordPress.
In development of tests for the WordPress plugin, we updated some equivalent tests in the Java codebase. In these
test updates, we identified and fixed an issue with the NyzoStringEncoder.
This version includes the test update and its resulting fix.
The fix is in NyzoStringEncoder.byteArrayForEncoded
String(). In this method, the result array length is rounded down instead of up. Rounding up was never a
problem in current decoder use cases due to variable-length checksums in Nyzo strings, but it was a problem in the
more general case of decoding arrays of arbitrary lengths.
NyzoStringTest.testEncoder() was added to
NyzoStringTest.run().
NyzoStringTest.testEncoder() tests encoding and decoding of 30 byte
arrays to and from Nyzo string encodings. These are evenly distributed with byte array lengths from 1 to 6 bytes.
When this method was first written, byte arrays of length 3 and byte arrays of length 6 decoded properly. However,
lengths of 1, 2, 4, and 5 all failed with exceptions due to out-of-range indices with the previous rounding. With
updated rounding, all lengths encode and decode properly with correct values and correct lengths.


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16 August 2018
Need to fix issue with brownfield collection - we're losing out on data
by Matt Lucht, 29 May 2020
Further evidence came to light.


The original JAMStack status page & info hub
Loved by the open source community, including Tor and Chocolatey. In development since 2017. Click to view their pages live or see other examples
Get started for free{{ partial "meta" . }}
{{ partial "nav" . }} {{ $style := resources.Get "sass/_index.scss" | toCSS }}Loved by the open source community, including Tor and Chocolatey. In development since 2017. Click to view their pages live or see other examples
Get started for freeFast to load. Even on Internet Explorer 8. Incredible browser support. Minimal JS. No CSS dependencies either.
Fast to create incidents. Use the command line or setup a CMS like Netlify CMS or Forestry for a no-code experience. See here
Stays fast. Hugo & Golang can build a site with thousands of entries in seconds.
Focused, adaptable design. Auto dark mode. Easy customization from one file (or settings page). Statistical calculations show the key take-away (e.g., time spent fixing an issue).
Fit for any language. With built-in support for English, German, French, Italian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Dutch, Portuguese, Turkish, and Tagalog. See here
All incidents, sorted. Link incidents to systems/categories, let users know how long previous downtime took, and more.
Free hosting. Host on supported platforms like Netlify or manage cState yourself. See here
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First of all, exceptionally low hosting costs What platforms like Netlify do is (a) run some code to generate your website, then (b) push the website onto CDNs and their other architecture. Second, JAMStack sites are usually not updated often (think of informational landing pages) and assuming your services are somewhat stable this means you do not need to regenerate the site often. Assuming you do not host your main services on Netlify and then decide to use cState with Netlify, there is also a respectable level of redundancy.


| US NFP - Month on Month Changes ('000) | ||||||
| Release Date | For Month | Market Expectation | Kshitij Expectation | Previous | Released | Revised |
| 8-Dec-17 | Nov-17 | 200 | - | 211 | 228 | 470 |
| 5-Jan-18 | Dec-17 | 189 | - | 470 | 148 | 160 |
| 2-Feb-18 | Jan-18 | 181 | 146 | 160 | 200 | - |
| 9-Mar-18 | Feb-18 | 204 | - | 200 | - | - |
| Copyright: Kshitij Consultancy Services |


You are determined not to be deterred by this minor set-back.
The next morning you set off again to follow the footprints you found yesterday.
Continue@(message: String) @main("Welcome to Play 2.3") {
You are determined not to be deterred by this minor set-back.
The next morning you set off again to follow the footprints you found yesterday.
Continue


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* They are responsible for pollinating flowers. Without the bees, many plants would not be able to reproduce.
* They are responsible for pollinating about 80% of all food crops in the US. Around 130 fruits and vegetables are pollinated by bees.
* Bees produce honey.
Each year, the bee population has decreased for many reasons. Harsh winters and droughts affect the bee population.  Farmers only planting one type of crop has also led to the decline of the bee population because bees need diverse crops to thrive.
We need to help bees so they can do what they are supposed to do: make honey and pollinate. So how can we do this?
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* Become an amateur bee keeper.
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FLL (First Lego League) is a group where schools make robots out of legos, motors, and sensors. We use Lego Mindstorm EV3s for the competition. Each team is required to complete tasks such as getting food out of a refrigerator and delivering it to an animal and pushing a shark tank to the aquarium.
Wolf
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Before Change
if best_action is None or best_score < action_score:
best_action = action_key
best_score = action_score
action_idx = normed_action_keys.index(best_action)
action[action_idx] = 1.0
return action
def insert_into_memory(
After Change
states.append(next_state_dict[0])
actions.append({action_key: 1})
action_idx = predictor.policy(states, actions)[1]
action_to_take = list(actions[action_idx].keys())
action_idx = normed_action_keys.index(action_to_take[0])
action[action_idx] = 1.0
return action
def insert_into_memory(


Financial services must tie these three factors together - customer experience, best practices and reliability/responsiveness - to have an effective web presence. They can't go hard into one particular area and ignore the others. They have to understand what's available versus their competitors, what consumers think of their sites versus competitors' and how their sites are...
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In your life, you may have many times facing financial issues. It's good if you know how to handle it by yourself and have enough time to take care of it. In other cases, it's time you get a financial consulting service. And the article below will show you those..
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ARBroadcaster
open class ARBroadcaster : UIViewController
extension ARBroadcaster: ARSCNViewDelegate
extension ARBroadcaster: ARSessionDelegate
extension ARBroadcaster: AgoraRtcEngineDelegate
extension ARBroadcaster: RenderARDelegate
Undocumented
-
A reference to the
ARSCNView
Declaration
Swift
public var sceneView: ARSCNView!
-
The
ARWorldTrackingConfiguration
‘s setting for plane detectionDefaults to
nil
Declaration
Swift
public var planeDetection: ARWorldTrackingConfiguration.PlaneDetection?
-
Setting to enable default lighting within the ARSCNView
Declaration
Swift
open var enableDefaultLighting: Bool
-
Setting to update lighting information within the ARSCNView
Declaration
Swift
open var autoUpdateLights: Bool
-
Setting to enable light estimation within the
ARTrackingConfiguration
Declaration
Swift
open var lightEstimation: Bool
-
Debug option for the
ARTrackingConfiguration
to display render statsDeclaration
Swift
open var showStatistics: Bool
-
Debug option for the
ARTrackingConfiguration
to display debug dataDeclaration
Swift
open var arSceneDebugOptions: SCNDebugOptions
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var channelProfile: AgoraChannelProfile
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var frameRate: AgoraVideoFrameRate
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var videoDimension: CGSize
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var videoBitRate: Int
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var videoOutputOrientationMode: AgoraVideoOutputOrientationMode
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var audioSampleRate: UInt
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var audioChannelsPerFrame: UInt
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var defaultToSpeakerPhone: Bool
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var channelName: String!
-
A
UIButton
that toggles the microphoneDeclaration
Swift
public var micBtn: UIButton!
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var micBtnFrame: CGRect?
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var micBtnImage: UIImage?
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var micBtnTextLabel: String
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var muteBtnImage: UIImage?
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var muteBtnTextLabel: String
-
A
UIButton
that dismisses the view controller when tappedDeclaration
Swift
public var backBtn: UIButton!
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var backBtnFrame: CGRect?
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var backBtnImage: UIImage?
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var backBtnTextLabel: String
-
An optional
UIImageView
that displays a watermark over part of the video.Declaration
Swift
public var watermark: UIImageView?
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var watermarkImage: UIImage?
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var watermarkFrame: CGRect?
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var watermarkAlpha: CGFloat
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var viewBackgroundColor: UIColor
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var debug: Bool
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var showLogs: Bool
-
AgoraARKit uses the
viewDidLoad
method to create the UI, set up the Agora engine configuration, set theARSCNViewDelegate
/ARSessionDeleagates
, set up the off screen renderer and configure the SceneView’sDeclaration
Swift
override open func viewDidLoad()
-
AgoraARKit sets up and runs the ARTracking configuration within the
viewWillAppear
Declaration
Swift
override open func viewWillAppear(_ animated: Bool)
-
AgoraARKit joins the Agora channel within the
viewDidAppear
Declaration
Swift
override open func viewDidAppear(_ animated: Bool)
-
AgoraARKit pauses the AR session within the
viewWillDisappear
Declaration
Swift
override open func viewWillDisappear(_ animated: Bool)
-
Since Apple does not provide explicit de-initializers for the ARSCN, AgoraARKit use
viewDidDisappear
to free up resources and clean up the SceneView references.Declaration
Swift
override open func viewDidDisappear(_ animated: Bool)
-
AgoraARKit hides the status bar UI
Declaration
Swift
override open var prefersStatusBarHidden: Bool { get }
-
Conencts to the Agora channel, and sets the default audio route to speakerphone
Declaration
Swift
open func joinChannel()
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
open func leaveChannel()
-
Programmatically generated UI, creates the SceneView, and buttons.
Declaration
Swift
open func createUI()
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
open func setARConfiguration()
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
open func renderer(_ renderer: SCNSceneRenderer, willRenderScene scene: SCNScene, atTime time: TimeInterval)
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
open func renderer(_ renderer: SCNSceneRenderer, updateAtTime time: TimeInterval)
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
open func renderer(_ renderer: SCNSceneRenderer, didRenderScene scene: SCNScene, atTime time: TimeInterval)
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
open func renderer(_ renderer: SCNSceneRenderer, didAdd node: SCNNode, for anchor: ARAnchor)
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
open func renderer(_ renderer: SCNSceneRenderer, didUpdate node: SCNNode, for anchor: ARAnchor)
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
open func renderer(_ renderer: SCNSceneRenderer, didRemove node: SCNNode, for anchor: ARAnchor)
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
open func session(_ session: ARSession, didUpdate frame: ARFrame)
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
open func session(_ session: ARSession, didOutputAudioSampleBuffer audioSampleBuffer: CMSampleBuffer)
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
open func session(_ session: ARSession, didFailWithError error: Error)
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
open func sessionWasInterrupted(_ session: ARSession)
-
Reports a warning during the Agora SDK at runtime.
In most cases, the app can ignore the warning reported by the SDK because the SDK can usually fix the issue and resume running.
For instance, the SDK may report an AgoraWarningCodeOpenChannelTimeout(106) warning upon disconnection from the server and attempts to reconnect.
See AgoraWarningCode.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, didOccurWarning warningCode: AgoraWarningCode)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
warningCode
Warning code. Full list: AgoraWarningCode
-
Reports an error during the Agora SDK at runtime.
In most cases, the SDK cannot fix the issue and resume running. The SDK requires the app to take action or informs the user about the issue.
For example, the SDK reports an AgoraErrorCodeStartCall = 1002 error when failing to initialize a call. The app informs the user that the call initialization failed and invokes the leaveChannel method to leave the channel.
See AgoraErrorCode.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, didOccurError errorCode: AgoraErrorCode)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
errorCode
-
Occurs when a method is executed by the SDK.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, didApiCallExecute error: NSInteger, api: String, result: String)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
error
The AgoraErrorCode returned by the SDK when the method call fails. If the SDK returns 0, then the method call succeeds.
api
The method executed by the SDK.
result
The result of the method call.
-
Occurs when the local user joins a specified channel.
Same as joinSuccessBlock in the joinChannelByToken method.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, didJoinChannel channel: String, withUid uid: UInt, elapsed: Int)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
channel
Channel name.
uid
User ID. If the
uid
is specified in thejoinChannelByToken
method, the specified user ID is returned. If theuser ID
is not specified when thejoinChannel
method is called, the server automatically assigns a uid.elapsed
The time elapsed (ms) from the local user calling Agora’s
joinChannelByToken
orsetClientRole
method, until the SDK triggers this callback. -
Occurs when the local user rejoins a channel.
If the client loses connection with the server because of network problems, the SDK automatically attempts to reconnect and then triggers this callback upon reconnection, indicating that the user rejoins the channel with the assigned channel ID and user ID.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, didRejoinChannel channel: String, withUid uid: UInt, elapsed: Int)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
channel
Channel name.
uid
User ID. If the
uid
is specified in thejoinChannelByToken
method, the specified user ID is returned. If theuser ID
is not specified when thejoinChannel
method is called, the server automatically assigns a uid.elapsed
The time elapsed (ms) from the local user calling Agora’s
joinChannelByToken
orsetClientRole
method, until the SDK triggers this callback. -
Occurs when the local user leaves a channel.
When the app calls the
leaveChannel
method, this callback notifies the app that a user leaves a channel.With this callback, the app retrieves information, such as the call duration and the statistics of the received/transmitted data reported by the
audioQualityOfUid
callback.Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, didLeaveChannelWith stats: AgoraChannelStats)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
stats
Statistics of the call:. See AgoraChannelStats for more details.
-
Occurs when the local user successfully registers a user account by calling the registerLocalUserAccount or joinChannelByUserAccount method.
This callback reports the user ID and user account of the local user.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, didRegisteredLocalUser userAccount: String, withUid uid: UInt)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
userAccount
The user account of the local user.
uid
The ID of the local user.
-
Occurs when the SDK gets the user ID and user account of the remote user.
After a remote user joins the channel, the SDK gets the user ID and user account of the remote user, caches them in a mapping table object (userInfo), and triggers this callback on the local client.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtceEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, didUpdated userInfo: AgoraUserInfo, withUid uid: UInt)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
userInfo
The AgoraUserInfo object that contains the user ID and user account of the remote user.
uid
The ID of the remote user.
-
Occurs when the local user role switches in a live broadcast.
The SDK triggers this callback when the local user switches the user role by calling the setClientRole method after joining the channel.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, didClientRoleChanged oldRole: AgoraClientRole, newRole: AgoraClientRole)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
oldRole
Role that the user switches from: AgoraClientRole.
newRole
Role that the user switches to: AgoraClientRole.
-
Occurs when a remote user or host joins a channel.
The SDK triggers this callback under one of the following circumstances: - A remote user/host joins the channel by calling the joinChannelByToken method. - A remote user switches the user role to the host by calling the setClientRole method after joining the channel. - A remote user/host rejoins the channel after a network interruption. - A host injects an online media stream into the channel by calling the addInjectStreamUrl method.
Note
Live-broadcast profile:- The host receives this callback when another host joins the channel.
- The audience in the channel receives this callback when a new host joins the channel.
- When a web application joins the channel, the SDK triggers this callback as long as the web application publishes streams.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, didJoinedOfUid uid: UInt, elapsed: Int)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
channel
Channel name.
uid
ID of the remote user whose video state changes.
elapsed
The time elapsed (ms) from the local user calling Agora’s
joinChannel
method until the SDK triggers this callback. -
Occurs when a remote user (Communication)/host (Live Broadcast) leaves a channel. Same as userOfflineBlock.
There are two reasons for users to be offline:
- Leave a channel: When the user/host leaves a channel, the user/host sends a goodbye message. When the message is received, the SDK assumes that the user/host leaves a channel.
- Drop offline: When no data packet of the user or host is received for a certain period of time (20 seconds for the Communication profile, and more for the Live-broadcast profile), the SDK assumes that the user/host drops offline. Unreliable network connections may lead to false detections, so Agora recommends using a signaling system for more reliable offline detection.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, didOfflineOfUid uid: UInt, reason: AgoraUserOfflineReason)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
uid
ID of the user or host who leaves a channel or goes offline.
reason
Reason why the user goes offline, see AgoraUserOfflineReason.
-
Occurs when the network connection state changes.
The SDK triggers this callback to report on the current network connection state when it changes, and the reason of the change.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, connectionChangedTo state: AgoraConnectionStateType, reason: AgoraConnectionChangedReason)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
state
The current network connection state, see AgoraConnectionStateType.
reason
The reason of the connection state change, see AgoraConnectionChangedReason.
-
Occurs when the local network type changes.
When the network connection is interrupted, this callback indicates whether the interruption is caused by a network type change or poor network conditions.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, networkTypeChangedTo type: AgoraNetworkType)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
type
The network type, see AgoraNetworkType.
-
Occurs when the SDK cannot reconnect to Agora’s edge server 10 seconds after its connection to the server is interrupted.
The SDK triggers this callback when it cannot connect to the server 10 seconds after calling the joinChannelByToken method, regardless of whether it is in the channel or not.
This callback is different from rtcEngineConnectionDidInterrupted:
- The SDK triggers the rtcEngineConnectionDidInterrupted callback when it loses connection with the server for more than four seconds after it successfully joins the channel.
- The SDK triggers the rtcEngineConnectionDidLost callback when it loses connection with the server for more than 10 seconds, regardless of whether it joins the channel or not. If the SDK fails to rejoin the channel 20 minutes after being disconnected from Agora’s edge server, the SDK stops rejoining the channel.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngineConnectionDidLost(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
-
Occurs when the token expires in 30 seconds.
The user becomes offline if the token used in the joinChannelByToken method expires. The SDK triggers this callback 30 seconds before the token expires to remind the app to get a new token. Upon receiving this callback, generate a new token on the server and call the renewToken method to pass the new token to the SDK.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, tokenPrivilegeWillExpire token: String)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
token
The token that expires in 30 seconds.
-
Occurs when the token expires.
After a token is specified by calling the joinChannelByToken method, if the SDK losses connection to the Agora server due to network issues, the token may expire after a certain period of time and a new token may be required to reconnect to the server.
Th SDK triggers this callback to notify the app to generate a new token. Call the renewToken method to renew the token.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngineRequestToken(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
-
Reports which users are speaking, the speakers’ volumes, and whether the local user is speaking.
This callback reports the IDs and volumes of the loudest speakers at the moment in the channel, and whether the local user is speaking. By default, this callback is disabled. You can enable it by calling the enableAudioVolumeIndication method. Once enabled, this callback is triggered at the set interval, regardless of whether a user speaks or not. The SDK triggers two independent reportAudioVolumeIndicationOfSpeakers callbacks at one time, which separately report the volume information of the local user and all the remote speakers. For more information, see the detailed parameter descriptions.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, reportAudioVolumeIndicationOfSpeakers speakers: [AgoraRtcAudioVolumeInfo], totalVolume: Int)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
speakers
AgoraRtcAudioVolumeInfo array. An empty speakers array in the callback indicates that no remote user is speaking at the moment.
- In the local user’s callback, this array contains the following members: uid = 0, volume = totalVolume, which reports the sum of the voice volume and audio-mixing volume of the local user, and vad, which reports the voice activity status of the local user.
- In the remote speakers’ callback, this array contains the following members: uid of each remote speaker, volume, which reports the sum of the voice volume and audio-mixing volume of each remote speaker, and vad = 0.
totalVolume
Total volume after audio mixing. The value range is [0,255].
- In the local user’s callback, totalVolume is the sum of the voice volume and audio-mixing volume of the local user.
- In the remote speakers’ callback, totalVolume is the sum of the voice volume and audio-mixing volume of all the remote speakers.
-
Occurs when a remote user’s audio stream is muted/unmuted.
The SDK triggers this callback when the remote user stops or resumes sending the audio stream by calling the muteLocalAudioStream method.
Note
This callback is invalid when the number of the users or broadcasters in a channel exceeds 20.Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, didAudioMuted muted: Bool, byUid uid: UInt)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
muted
Whether the remote user’s audio stream is muted/unmuted. Where
true
represets MUTED, andfalse
is UNMUTEDuid
ID of the remote user or host who’s mic was muted
-
Reports which user is the loudest speaker over a period of time.
This callback reports the speaker with the highest accumulative volume during a certain period. If the user enables the audio volume indication by calling the enableAudioVolumeIndication method, this callback returns the user ID of the active speaker whose voice is detected by the audio volume detection module of the SDK.
Note
- To receive this callback, you need to call the enableAudioVolumeIndication method.
- This callback returns the user ID of the user with the highest voice volume during a period of time, instead of at the moment.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, activeSpeaker speakerUid: UInt)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
speakerUid
The user ID of the active speaker. A speakerUid of 0 represents the local user.
-
Occurs when the engine sends the first local audio frame.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, firstLocalAudioFrame elapsed: Int)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
elapsed
Time elapsed (ms) from the local user calling the joinChannelByToken method until the SDK triggers this callback.
-
Occurs when the engine receives the first audio frame from a specified remote user.
This callback is triggered in either of the following scenarios:
- The remote user joins the channel and sends the audio stream.
- The remote user stops sending the audio stream and re-sends it after 15 seconds. Possible reasons include:
- The remote user leaves channel.
- The remote user drops offline.
- The remote user calls muteLocalAudioStream.
- The remote user calls disableAudio.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, firstRemoteAudioFrameOfUid uid: UInt, elapsed: Int)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
uid
User ID of the remote user.
elapsed
Time elapsed (ms) from the local user calling the joinChannelByToken method until the SDK triggers this callback.
-
Occurs when a remote user’s video stream playback pauses/resumes.
You can also use the remoteVideoStateChangedOfUid callback with the following parameters:
AgoraVideoRemoteStateStopped(0)
andAgoraVideoRemoteStateReasonRemoteMuted(5)
.AgoraVideoRemoteStateDecoding(2)
andAgoraVideoRemoteStateReasonRemoteUnmuted(6)
.
The SDK triggers this callback when the remote user stops or resumes sending the video stream by calling the muteLocalVideoStream method.
Note
This callback is invalid when the number of users or broadcasters in a channel exceeds 20.Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, didVideoMuted muted: Bool, byUid uid: UInt)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
muted
A remote user’s video stream playback pauses/resumes. Where
true
represets PAUSE, andfalse
is RESUMEuid
ID of the remote user or host who’s video was paused/resumed
-
Occurs when the remote video state changes.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, remoteVideoStateChangedOfUid uid: UInt, state: AgoraVideoRemoteState, reason: AgoraVideoRemoteStateReason, elapsed: Int)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
uid
ID of the remote user whose video state changes.
state
The state of the remote video. For more detail see AgoraVideoRemoteState
reason
The reason of the remote video state change. For more detail see AgoraVideoRemoteStateReason
elapsed
The time elapsed (ms) from the local user calling Agora’s
joinChannel
method until the SDK triggers this callback.
-
Occurs when the local user receives the data stream from a remote user within five seconds.
The SDK triggers this callback when the local user receives the stream message that the remote user sends by calling the sendStreamMessage method.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, receiveStreamMessageFromUid uid: UInt, streamId: Int, data: Data)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
uid
User ID of the remote user sending the message.
streamId
Stream ID
data
Data received by the local user
-
Occurs when the local user does not receive the data stream from the remote user within five seconds.
The SDK triggers this callback when the local user fails to receive the stream message that the remote user sends by calling the sendStreamMessage method.
Declaration
Swift
open func rtcEngine(_ engine: AgoraRtcEngineKit, didOccurStreamMessageErrorFromUid uid: UInt, streamId: Int, error: Int, missed: Int, cached: Int)
Parameters
engine
AgoraRtcEngineKit object
uid
User ID of the remote user sending the message.
streamId
Stream ID
error
Error code. See AgoraErrorCode.
missed
Number of lost messages.
cached
Number of incoming cached messages when the data stream is interrupted.
-
Declaration
Swift
open func frame(didRender buffer: CVPixelBuffer, with time: CMTime, using rawBuffer: CVPixelBuffer)


Louisiana’s own ethnic Creole and Cajun cuisines are a great way to begin culinary sampling, and diners can also enjoy Tex-Mex barbecue style cooking, classic Mexican, French, Italian, Chinese, Japanese, Thai, Greek, Polynesian, Indian food, and the ever popular seafood and steak combination.
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There are many festivals in Shreveport and the neighboring areas.During four days over each Memorial Day weekend for the last 25 years, the Mudbug Madness Festival has been celebrated in Shreveport’s Festival Plaza. Featuring both Creole and Cajun foods, Mudbug Madness includes a huge public seafood boil that residents call the granddaddy of them all. A more recent culinary tradition called the Annual Gentlemen's Cooking Classic is sponsored by the Southern University at Shreveport Foundation.
Last updated 3 mins ago
Shreveport’s museums and art galleries provide an ever changing variety of exhibits for people to enjoy while the cultural festivals that occur each month provide another enjoyable opportunity for family entertainment. And for those who have fun shopping, the Louisiana Boardwalk in Bossier City is the largest combination shopping, dining and entertainment center in Louisiana.
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--- layout: post title: Delete all spam comments in WordPress permalink: delete-spam-comments-wordpress/ date: 2012-05-20 16:47:06.000000000 +08:00 categories: - php tags: [] status: publish type: post published: true meta: _edit_last: '2' _yoast_wpseo_focuskw: delete spam wordpress database _yoast_wpseo_title: '' _yoast_wpseo_metadesc: batch delete spam in your wordpress database _yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex: '0' _yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-nofollow: '0' _yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-adv: none _yoast_wpseo_sitemap-include: '-' _yoast_wpseo_sitemap-prio: '-' _yoast_wpseo_canonical: '' _yoast_wpseo_redirect: '' _yoast_wpseo_linkdex: '59' cleaned: true ---
If you own or administers a blog, most likely you uses WordPress.
One of the enemies of blogging softwares are spams - people and bots who puts a lot of trashy comments in your posts.
In such a case you forgot to install an anti-spam plugin, chances are you already got hundreds of thousands of comments pouring into your WordPress admin waiting for you to delete.
Thats was not a very and nice task to do - delete or mark each of those comments
The best and fastest solution to this is by deleting the unapproved comments directly via your database
You need to have an access to your database in order to do this (phpmyadmin or ssh)
then execute this: DELETE from wp_comments WHERE comment_approved = '0';
then there you go, problem solved!


Building custom software solutions, enhancing legacy code, performance improvements, and software architecture are our specialties. We use industry standard techniques such as test driven development, clean design, and usage of open source when needed to deliver sound solutions that can easily be managed now and in the future. Our goal is to quickly and efficiently build the features needed by our customers to ensure that the work we do can be released quickly and with confidence to continually add value.
Using the fundamentals of Site Reliability Engineering, we bridge the gap between development and operations. Often times this means bringing the processes and techniques of traditional software engineering to operations with the objective of reducing toil and ensuring all processes are consistent and repeatable.
If it's a net new application built 'cloud first' or migrating existing workloads to the cloud, we have you covered. Using our extensive experience in multiple cloud platforms, software engineering, and devops we can enable your cloud migration journey from start to finish or assist when things don't go as expected. Our team lives and breathes cloud technologies every day both building and maintaining solutions giving us a real world perspective on costs, benefits, and hidden gotchas of these platforms.
The digital world is continually under siege by attackers no matter how big or small your company is. Using the principles of Zero Trust, Least Priviledge, Just in Time Administration, and Assume Breach we can work with you to implement these practices so your risk of a destructive attack is reduced and you are able to respond effectively. Given our experience in the different realms of technology we bring a secure mindset to all facets of engineering from pure processes, writing code to be secure, engineering your resources to be secure, and limiting the 'blast radius' of potential attacks to ensure your assests have the best protection possible.


{% extends "exotic_bay/base.html" %} {% block title_block %}Verify Your E-mail Address{% endblock %} {% block body_block %}
We have sent an e-mail to you for verification. Follow the link provided to finalize the signup process.
Please contact us if you do not receive it within a few minutes.


The Wood (R) *** Starring Omar Epps, Sean Nelson Directed by Rick Famuyiwa A Review by Frankie Paiva
To begin with, I certainly felt out of place sitting in the audience at The Wood, a movie that not only is good, but will pleasantly surprise you. Not only is there not one Caucasian cast member, (not even in a cameo) I was also part of the minority of the five white people sitting in my auditorium.
Slim, (Richard T. Jones) Roland, (Taye Diggs) and Mike (Omar Epps) are all gathered at a wedding that Roland is supposed to be at. He's at an old girlfriend's house, drunk as ever, having second thoughts about giving up his old wild lifestyle to settle down with one woman.
This begins a whole set of flashbacks that are intervened nicely from the 80s to present day. While it's not quite plausible how the flashbacks begin, it's a cute way to make a movie, and they pull it to it's fullest extent. Young Mike (Nelson, who steals the show) has just moved from North Carolina and has his eyes set on Alicia (Malinda Williams) while his buddies try to rack up telephone numbers. Despite the fact that Alicia's brother (De'aundre Bonds) is an abusive gang member. Amazingly, it manages to do this without too many racial stereotypes.
Another nice thing about The Wood is that you feel like your a part of the movie. In beginning sequences Mike talks right into the camera and acknowledges that we are there, watching everything that's happening to the characters. While this isn't anything original or inventive, it does add a nice touch. It also has several gags that seem taken right out of a toned down American Pie, so for that, and the fact that I was taken aback by how good it was. The Wood earns my *** stars.
A Review by Frankie Paiva The 12 Year-Old Movie Reviewer E-Mail me at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The review above was posted to the
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Used to apply the same operation to all .mat files in given directory. For each mat in srcDir, loads the mat file, extracts the variables denoted by matCont, applies the function fHandle and stores the result. matCont must be a cell array of strings, where each string denotes the variable stored in the mat files. For example, if each mat file contains two variables y and z, then matCont should be {'y','z'}. For long operations shows progress info. fHandle must point to a function that takes two inputs: vals and prm. vals is a cell array that contains the values for the variables denoted by matCont and contained in the mat file, and prm are the additional static parameters passed to fevalArrays. Continuing the example above vals would be {y,z} - (use deal to extract): x=feval(fHandle,{y,z},prm) Each returned x must have the same dimensions, X is a concatentation of the returned x's along the (d+1) dimension. USAGE X = fevalMats( fHandle, matCont, prm, srcDir, [prefix] ) INPUTS fHandle - function to apply to contents of each mat file [see above] matCont - cell array of strings of expected contents of each mat file prm - cell array of additional parameters to fHandle (may be {}) srcDir - directory containg mat files prefix - [] only consider mat files in srcDir of the form prefix_*.mat OUTPUTS X - output array [see above] EXAMPLE See also FEVALIMAGES, FEVALARRAYS, DEAL Piotr's Computer Vision Matlab Toolbox Version 2.0 Copyright 2014 Piotr Dollar. [pdollar-at-gmail.com] Licensed under the Simplified BSD License [see external/bsd.txt]


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Finality tests cover regular state-transitions in a common block-list format to test finality rules.
Information on the format of the tests can be found in the finality test formats documentation.
SSZ SimpleSerialize


| SHASUM(1) | Perl Programmers Reference Guide | SHASUM(1) |
Usage: shasum [OPTION]... [FILE]... Print or check SHA checksums. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. -a, --algorithm 1 (default), 224, 256, 384, 512, 512224, 512256 -b, --binary read in binary mode -c, --check read SHA sums from the FILEs and check them --tag create a BSD-style checksum -t, --text read in text mode (default) -U, --UNIVERSAL read in Universal Newlines mode produces same digest on Windows/Unix/Mac -0, --01 read in BITS mode ASCII '0' interpreted as 0-bit, ASCII '1' interpreted as 1-bit, all other characters ignored The following five options are useful only when verifying checksums: --ignore-missing don't fail or report status for missing files -q, --quiet don't print OK for each successfully verified file -s, --status don't output anything, status code shows success --strict exit non-zero for improperly formatted checksum lines -w, --warn warn about improperly formatted checksum lines -h, --help display this help and exit -v, --version output version information and exit When verifying SHA-512/224 or SHA-512/256 checksums, indicate the algorithm explicitly using the -a option, e.g. shasum -a 512224 -c checksumfile The sums are computed as described in FIPS PUB 180-4. When checking, the input should be a former output of this program. The default mode is to print a line with checksum, a character indicating type (`*' for binary, ` ' for text, `U' for UNIVERSAL, `^' for BITS), and name for each FILE. The line starts with a `\' character if the FILE name contains either newlines or backslashes, which are then replaced by the two-character sequences `\n' and `\\' respectively. Report shasum bugs to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The following command shows how to compute digests for typical inputs such as the NIST test vector "abc":
perl -e "print qq(abc)" | shasum
Or, if you want to use SHA-256 instead of the default SHA-1, simply say:
perl -e "print qq(abc)" | shasum -a 256
Since shasum mimics the behavior of the combined GNU sha1sum, sha224sum, sha256sum, sha384sum, and sha512sum programs, you can install this script as a convenient drop-in replacement.
Unlike the GNU programs, shasum encompasses the full SHA standard by allowing partial-byte inputs. This is accomplished through the BITS option (-0). The following example computes the SHA-224 digest of the 7-bit message 0001100:
perl -e "print qq(0001100)" | shasum -0 -a 224
| 2020-06-21 | perl v5.30.3 |


 Each Queen can track her workouts and compare against her teammates. Rankings pit teams/classes against each other with some serious swag and bragging rights for the winner! {% endblocktrans %}
{% blocktrans %}Wondering What Next?{% endblocktrans %}
Check out the competitive standings on the Scoreboard {% else %} {% url acct_login as login_url %} {% ifsetting ACCOUNT_OPEN_SIGNUP %} {% url acct_signup as signup_url %}
{% blocktrans %}To get started, Log In or Sign Up and start entering your workouts.{% endblocktrans %}
{% else %}{% blocktrans %}To get started, Log In and enter your workouts.{% endblocktrans %}
{% endifsetting %}(Don't have an account? Contact one of the PQ captains for help.)
{% endif %} {% endblock %} {% block column-1 %}Get great stuff! Stuff from sponsors, from coaches, awards from your captains and/or teammates, who knows!?
{# #} {% endblock %} {% block column-2 %}Get crazy bragging rights over all your teammates. It'll be glorious, all spring season, like having a trump card up your sleeve. Losing an argument? Get back on top by saying: "Yes, but I got way more workout points."
{% endblock %} {% block column-3 %}Working out is its own reward. Use these points to motivate yourself, get into the best shape of your life, and realize your greatest dreams as an athlete and an ultimate player. It starts here, today.
{% endblock %} {% block column-4 %}Come together as a team, bond with your teammates, and inspire each other. Your workouts together set the tone for Spring Season. Bring out the love!
{% endblock %}


Disney reveals launch date for streaming service in Ireland
Disney will roll out its online streaming service in Ireland next year.
The competitor to the likes of Netflix and Amazon will expand into Europe in March 2020.
Disney + will host classic content from the animating giant, with a possible back catalogue of The Avengers and the recent Star Wars films.
The company announced online that the streaming service would launch in Ireland and the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Spain from March 31.
Upcoming Disney production The Mandalorian is also set to feature on the service.
A Star Wars instalment, The Mandalorian, takes place after the fall of the Empire in 1983’s The Return Of The Jedi.
More Disney originals are expected to populate the streaming service.