This is the default start page. It is so because the page ID is set to 'start'
.
Every other element with a page binding (data-bind="page: {id: ...}"
) will be hidden
by default. Set title: 'Some Title'
if you want to update the page title as the user
navigates to the page (look up at the title as you navigate this tutorial).

 ...Read about the structure....

A page is an element with a page
custom binding. They can be placed anywhere in your site
and will work as pages that you can jump between. The ID of the page corresponds to the fragment
identifier in the URL (the thingy after #!/).
All the main pages in this demo are placed inside a main container div.

Pager.js depends on KnockoutJS and
jQuery. Include either
pager.js
or pager.min.js.
Choose between a naïve history manager (pager.start([id: String])
),
a history manager based on jQuery hashchange (pager.startHashChange([id: String])
),
a history manager based on History.js (pager.startHistoryJs([id: String])
)
or write your own.
// extend your view-model with pager.js specific data pager.extendWithPage(viewModel); // apply the view-model using KnockoutJS as normal ko.applyBindings(viewModel); // start pager.js pager.start();
// use #!/ instead of the default # pager.Href.hash = '#!/'; // extend your view-model with pager.js specific data pager.extendWithPage(viewModel); // apply the view-model using KnockoutJS as normal ko.applyBindings(viewModel); // start pager.js pager.startHashChange();
// use HTML5 history pager.useHTML5history = true; // use History instead of history pager.Href5.history = History; // extend your view-model with pager.js specific data pager.extendWithPage(viewModel); // apply the view-model using KnockoutJS as normal ko.applyBindings(viewModel); // start pager.js pager.startHistoryJs();
You can navigate into pages in pages, or pages in pages in pages.
Just set the href
to the same ID as the page.

 ...
 ... Show the second page.

 ... Go back to the first sub page.
 ...Go on...

It can be tricky to calculate the absolute path of a link -
especially if you know the page will be loaded form somewhere else.
Just use the page-href
custom binding instead of specifying
a href
directly!
The page-href
link will be relative to the page where the
element is. So if an anchor tag is in the page "user" a value pelle
will be resolved to user/pelle
. The binding also understands ../
if you need to track back up the page hierarchy!
pager.Href.hash
is by default #
but can be changed to #!/
(or any other string). All page-href
bindings will use the prefix from pager.Href.hash
.

 Fry

 Interesting

 Close this tab

The easiest way to use the HTML5 History API is to include History.js.
Five lines of code is all it takes after that!
// use HTML5 history pager.useHTML5history = true; // use History instead of history pager.Href5.history = History; // these two lines are as normal pager.extendWithPage(viewModel); ko.applyBindings(viewModel); // start pager.js pager.startHistoryJs();
Use with:
to change the binding context - similar to the standard KnockoutJS with
binding.

When constructing an application with multiple pages, you might want to delay data binding
the pages until they are first displayed.
Use withOnShow:
to asynchronously data bind a page when it is first displayed.

 Show page and lazy load view model

 Hide this page

Setting the id:
property to '?'
will make it
match anything. This is a useful catch-all with uses like error handling.

Error

The page you requested does not exist.

The wildcard does not need to be at the end. It can be in a sub-page with sub-pages.

 Go to Leela

Character

 Leela

The page ID that matched the wildcard can be sent to the source:
or
sourceOnShow:
.
Just add {1}
inside the source:
or sourceOnShow:
and {1}
will be replaced by the page ID.

 Go to Fry

Character

Normally a sourceOnShow
will only use the first page of the route as its
URL, but by specifying deep: true
the entire route will be used to
identify the content to load. This makes it possible to load arbitrarily nested content
into the same page-element.

 Go to Fry

Character

Sometimes it can be sound to use iframes instead of loading content directly into the page.
Just use frame: 'iframe'
to load the content from source:
or sourceOnShow:
into an iframe
.

Often you might need to configure the iframe
element used.
Just include an iframe
element inside the page and that
iframe
will be used.

pager.js is based on sound object oriented principles, making it easy to extend
with new custom widgets.
In this tutorial the custom binding page-accordion-item
is demonstrated.
The page-accordion-item works like
and is constructed with the markup
 Zoidberg
Zoidberg Information

 Hermes
Hermes Information

First we need to create a class that inherits from pager.Page
.
pager.PageAccordionItem = function (element, valueAccessor, allBindingsAccessor, viewModel, bindingContext) { pager.Page.apply(this, arguments); }; pager.PageAccordionItem.prototype = new pager.Page();
The Page
class has these methods to override:
init : void getValue : void getPage : void sourceUrl : String loadSource : String show: void showElement: void hideElement : void
We want our custom binding to always show the first child element and only hide the second child element.
Thus we need to override showElement
and hideElement
.
showElement
should show the second child and hideElement
should hide the second child.
// get second child pager.PageAccordionItem.prototype.getAccordionBody = function () { return $(this.element).children()[1]; }; // hide second child pager.PageAccordionItem.prototype.hideElement = function () { // use hide if it is the first time the page is hidden if (!this.pageAccordionItemHidden) { this.pageAccordionItemHidden = true; $(this.getAccordionBody()).hide(); if (callback) { callback(); } } else { // else use a slideUp animation $(this.getAccordionBody()).slideUp(); if (callback) { callback(); } } }; // show the second child using a slideDown animation pager.PageAccordionItem.prototype.showElement = function () { $(this.getAccordionBody()).slideDown(); if (callback) { callback(); } };
Finally you need to add the new class as a new custom binding.
ko.bindingHandlers['page-accordion-item'] = { init:function (element, valueAccessor, allBindingsAccessor, viewModel, bindingContext) { var pageAccordionItem = new pager.PageAccordionItem(element, valueAccessor, allBindingsAccessor, viewModel, bindingContext); pageAccordionItem.init(); }, update:function () { } };
It is possible to navigate into pages that are further up but still give the impression
you are navigating deeper down.
This is useful for modal windows that you might want to show on multiple pages.
Just append modal: true
and the page is accessible for sub-pages to sibling-pages.

 Show first sub-page Show second sub-page
 First sub-page Show an alert!

 Second sub-page Show an alert!

 ×
Alert

Lorem Ipsum

 This button get an auto-calculated href based on modals current location

There are 4 main alternatives when it comes to running custom JS:
pager.childManager
if you want to be notified whenever a navigation has happened.
It is not recommended to try to stop the navigation at this point since it would involve changing the
history.
click
if you want to be notified when a navigation is about to happen and
you want a chance to stop it. Just do not return true;
in order to stop the navigation.
click
if you want to control a certain navigation. This is probably what you
want to do if you want to inject validation.
afterShow
, since they put the processing of their bindings on the event queue (possible
out of performance reasons).
If you want your code to execute after their bindings are processed you either have to be able
to jack into their bindings version of afterShow
(if they got one)
or put your code on the event queue too.

 Fry Hide Fry

afterFryIsDisplayed:function () { $('body').css("background-color", "#FF9999"); } beforeFryIsHidden:function () { $('body').stop().css("background-color", "#FFFFFF"); }
You might want to use a custom animation or custom behaviour for a page.
This is easily done by using the showElement
and hideElement
-properties.
These properties should be supplied with a method that takes 2 arguments: the first is the page
and the second is a callback that should be executed.

Fry
 Hide Fry

where
showFry:function (page, callback) { $(page.element).fadeIn(1000, callback); }; hideFry:function (page, callback) { $(page.element).fadeOut(1000, function () { $(page.element).hide(); if (callback) { callback(); } }); };
It is possible to specify both locally and globally a loader to be used.
Use loader: loader
for specifying a loader for a page
and pager.loader = function(page, element) { ... }
for specifying
a default-loader for all pages.
The loader-method should return an object with 2 methods: load
and unload
.

where
textLoader: function(page, element) { var loader = {}; var txt = $("

", {text: 'Loading ' + page.getValue().title} ); loader.load = function() { $(element).append(txt); }; loader.unload = function() { txt.remove(); }; return loader; }
There is no special tab panel widget shipping with pager.js.
It is however very easy to construct one using the children
observableArray and isVisible
observable property.

When pager or a page does not find a matching sub-page for a route
a callback is called.
Either set pager.navigationFailed
or supply navigationFailed
to the page configuration with a function that takes 2 arguments: first the page and second the missing
route.
This makes it easy to identify missing pages for routes and take actions.

where
randomFailed:function (page, route) { viewModel.newChildren.push({ childId:route[0] }); page.showPage(route); }, newChildren:ko.observableArray([])
In order to facilitate programming in the large it is useful to be able to extract views as separate
components.
These views should not be forced to be stored as HTML fragments or be loaded with jQuery.
Thus a way to inject custom views should be possible. This is done using the source
- or
sourceOnShow
-properties. Just supply a method instead of a string!
These properties take a method that should take a pager.Page
as first argument, a callback,
and return nothing.

where
window.requireView = function(viewModule) { return function(page, callback) { require([viewModule], function(viewString) { $(page.element).html(viewString); callback(); }); }; };
A page is able to access the information in the current route and change the view-model.
Using params: ['x','y']
it is possible to pick up pseudo parameters from the URL
and bind them as observable variables in the page. If the parameter already exists on the
viewModel it is bound to that observable instead.
These parameters can even be nested!

  @ $
 See Details See Lorem Ipsum
 Details about the search

 Lorem Ipsum

Guards are methods that are run before the page navigation takes place and
that can stop the navigation from displaying a certain page.
Use the property guard: someMethod
to apply the guard. The method
takes 3 parameters: page, route, and callback. If the callback is called
the navigation takes place - otherwise it is stopped.
Use cases are login, validating steps in state machines, etc.
The reason the guard takes a callback as the third argument is simply because the guard might be asynchronous,
e.g., accessing a webserver for login details or asking if a valid shopping cart exists, etc.
You are not logged in. Check the checkbox and try again.

 This page is only accessible if the user is logged in. Logout

You are not logged in. Check the checkbox and try again.
 <form> Login <input type="checkbox" data-bind="checked: loggedIn"/>  </form>
where
loggedIn: ko.observable(false), isLoggedIn: function(page, route, callback) { if(viewModel.loggedIn()) { callback(); } else { window.location.href = "login"; } },


19. DApps Next Steps
DApps Next Steps
By getting set up with Truffle, you're well on your way to making full stack DApps. The last piece is to bridge the gap between what you already know, and to apply this to your new Truffle environment. In this concept, I'll go through an amazing resource you can use to get started, and overview some ways to help improve your skills as an Ethereum Blockchain Developer.
Objectives
Our goal is to help you do the following things.
- Understand the purpose of truffle boxes and how to get started.
- Decide on the next steps you'd like to take to build a DApp using truffle boxes.
- Explore truffle 5 beta to get a head start on the latest tools.
Truffle Boxes and More
Truffle-Wrap-Up
Next Steps Checklist
SOLUTION:
- Complete the Pet Shop truffle box tutorial
Review
Here you were introduced to a number of helpful tools that you can start to experiment with. The goal was to help you take your next step in developing DApps, and help get you started with some ideas that haven't been explored in the lesson.
Skill Tracker
Task Description:
Track the objectives you've feel you've gained the skills to complete.
Task Feedback:
Congratulations on gaining new skills!


Books
Music
Computers
Books
Java Servlet Programming
Oracle Database Programming
System Analysis and Design With UML
Object Oriented Software Enginering
Java Web Services
Music
I'm Going To Tell You a Secret
Baby One More Time
Justified
Loose
Gold Digger
Computers
Apple Mac Book Pro
Asus Laptop
HP Pavilion Laptop
Toshiba Satellite Laptop
Sonu VAio Laptop


Looks like the link from your email was missing some things we need to reset your password.
Try Again


Oppo A9 2020 comes in a new colour with free Baskin-Robbins
by Alexander WongOppo Malaysia is introducing a new Vanilla Mint colour option for the Oppo A9 2020. The device will be available for pre-order starting 21st to 27th November 2019 and they are giving away a Baskin-Robbins voucher for free.
On top of that, Oppo Malaysia is also bundling the device with 1-year screen warranty worth RM99. The Baskin-Robbins voucher will be offered for early bird customers while stocks last and you can use to redeem a junior scoop of chocolate mint ice cream.
The device is priced at RM1,199 and it comes with 8GB RAM + 128GB of storage. The device comes with a 6.5″ HD+ LCD display and it runs on a Snapdragon 665 processor.
In the camera department, it features a quad-camera setup which consists of a 48MP main camera, an 8MP ultra-wide-angle lens, 2MP portrait lens and a 2MP mono lens. For selfies, there’s a 16MP selfie camera that’s placed on the tiny notch on the display.
The device also features dual-stereo speakers with Dolby Atmos and it also retains a 3.5mm headphone jack. Powering the A9 2020 is a large 5,000mAh battery and it charges via USB-C.


Content-Type: text/plain Message-Id<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Date: Sun, 18 Feb 2007 19:42:36 +0100 (CET) Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable =0D Dear Friend, =0D =0D My name is Mrs. Xian and I am a bank manager of a reputable bank in China= . I would respectfully request that you keep the contents of this mail co= nfidential and respect the integrity of the information you come by as a = result of this mail. I contacted you independently of our investigation a= nd no one is informed of this communication. =0D =0D The subject in questions was a client with my bank and until his demise h= e maintained an investment in millions of dollars, which has since reache= d its maturity. The subject maintained a discrete relationship with us an= d never nominated a legatee to his investment. At the time of his demise = he was yet to sign the mandate card and he remained in testate. It is eth= ical that his investment with us be confiscated by government and to be r= everted to treasury but not quite, it would be diverted and embezzled by = insincere executives. =0D =0D Consequently, what I propose is that I will like you as a foreigner to st= and in as the next of kin to the deceased. Acting in this capacity really= is simple, as I will explain in detail to you when I get your response. = =0D =0D However, I wish to appeal to you not to be vindictive if my proposal does= not appeal to you, just delete it and forget I ever contacted you with t= his proposal. Ordinarily I would not do this but all humans have needs an= d there are circumstances that you would get to understand better should = we work together on this project. =0D =0D Awaiting your urgent reply through my alternative email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>for security reasons.=0D =0D Yours Sincerely,=0D Mrs.Xian=0D =0D =0D


User’s Guide for the E3SM Atmosphere Model (EAM)¶
Compiled by Kai Zhang with input from the EAM development team.
Contact: Kai Zhang (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Documentation last edited : Jul 31, 2018
Source code of this documentation¶
Documentation outline¶
- Introduction
- Important references
- Getting started
- Technical overview of EAM
- Compiling and running the model
- Run script
- Creating a new case
- Setting compsets
- Changing spatial resolutions
- Debugging mode
- Sanity-check for state variables
- Switching on COSP simulator
- Single column model (SCM) simulations
- Output data in specified regions
- Output data at a certain local time
- Frequently-used namelist options
- Other options
- Specific setup for Constance (PNNL)
- Reference
- Model output
- Size of h0 (monthly mean) files
- Size of restart files
- Storage needed for a one-year simulation
- Variables in the default h0 file
- Variables on the master list
- Variables lists for special diagnostics
- NetCDF header from DECK simulations
- Aerosol mass concentration output
- E3SM data conversion for CMIP6
- Reference
- Post-processing
- Diagnostics packages
- Advanced configurations of EAM/E3SM
- Switching on nudging
- Creating nudging files from a baseline simulation
- Switching on the satellite/aircraft sampler
- Switching on/off individual parameterizations
- Switching on aerosol forcing diagnostics
- Changing external forcings
- Regionally-Refinement Model (RRM) simulations
- Creating ensembles
- Creating a new compset
- Adding a new parameterization
- Creating new initial condition files
- Creating new emission files
- Configuration files
- Reference
- Reporting a bug
- Frequently asked questions
- Other stuff
- Contributors
- Acknowledgement


(a) Match Play. Red leads 6-4 to 7 (Crawford). How should Red play 31?
pips Red=75 White=144
(CorrectAnswer= 0/0, ErrorScore= 0)
(b) Money Play. How should Red play 31?
At the match score you want to make the play that wins the most games, irrespective of type. That play is 13/10, 6/5 but only by a tiny margin over the more prosaic 6/3, 5/4. It is very difficult to analyse two such different plays over the board and experience of such positions is vital. If White’s 3-pt were already made 6/3, 5/4 would be very clear.
For money and with access to the cube (for both players) the more active play 13/10, 6/5 is correct by a long way due to the gammons that play generates. In this instance 6/3, 5/4 would be a bad error.
At the match score you want to make the play that wins the most games, irrespective of type. That play is 13/10, 6/5 but only by a tiny margin over the more prosaic 6/3, 5/4. It is very difficult to analyse two such different plays over the board and experience of such positions is vital. If White’s 3-pt were already made 6/3, 5/4 would be very clear.
For money and with access to the cube (for both players) the more active play 13/10, 6/5 is correct by a long way due to the gammons that play generates. In this instance 6/3, 5/4 would be a bad error.
1. Cubeful 2-ply 6/3 5/4 Eq.: +0.074 0.540 0.196 0.013 - 0.460 0.077 0.001 2. Cubeful 2-ply 5/2 4/3 Eq.: +0.052 (-0.022) 0.529 0.188 0.011 - 0.471 0.077 0.001 3. Cubeful 2-ply 13/10 6/5 Eq.: +0.047 (-0.026) 0.529 0.256 0.043 - 0.471 0.091 0.003 4. Cubeful 2-ply 6/5 6/3 Eq.: -0.002 (-0.076) 0.504 0.220 0.013 - 0.496 0.104 0.002 5. Cubeful 2-ply 6/2 Eq.: -0.080 (-0.153) 0.466 0.196 0.010 - 0.534 0.127 0.003


Archive
Academic
Computer Vision Framework 4 - Visual Recognition
3 Dec, 2019
Computer Vision Framework 3 - Image Segmentation
7 Nov, 2019
Computer Vision Framework 2 - Line Detection
10 Oct, 2019
Computer Vision Framework 1 - Edge Detection
25 Sep, 2019
NATCAR
1 Jun, 2009
Automation
Home Arduino Project - Thermostat retrofit
3 Jul, 2016


Kate is currently enrolled in the two-year bookbinding program at the North Bennet Street School in Boston. At NBSS, she is learning historical and contemporary bookbinding techniques, as well as basic book and paper conservation under the instruction of Jeff Altepeter and Martha Kearsley. She is currently the Program Co-Chair for the New England chapter of the Guild of Book Workers and a member of the Guild of Book Workers. She would be happy to discuss any binding, box making, or repair projects you might have.
Kate grew up in Albuquerque, NM and attended Wesleyan University in Connecticut, where she graduated in 2009. She moved to the Boston area just after school and worked and interned at various independent book publishers for six years. She lives in Somerville, MA with her husband, Evan, and their hound, Thelma.


I work at GitHub as a designer/developer. My primary responsibility is feeding the octocats 5 times a day.
Important pictures.
I lived in England from 2008 to 2013.
A Taiwanese breakfast item – danbing.
I used to think Club Mate is overrated, I was wrong.
I started playing bass 10 years ago.
Selected works.
github-gmail
A Chrome/Firefox extension that adds shortcuts for links in your GitHub notifications in Gmail.
emoji
Search engine for emoji using whatever keywords you can think of. No one remembers what is called.
zeczec.com
A Taiwanese crowdfunding website focusing on creative projects. I founded zeczec with some friends in 2011. I did all of the design and development.


BEN HUR A film review by Jeff Meyer Copyright 1988 Jeff Meyer
BEN-HUR (United States, 1925, silent)
Director: Fred Niblo Screenwriters: Carey Wilson, Bess Meredyth Cast: Ramon Novarro, May McAvoy, Francis X. Bushman
Well, all in all, I'd rather be in Philadelphia. This print of the 1925 silent epic (a film which almost broke Sam Goldwyn and MGM) is certainly of interest to the film historian, archivist, and anyone who needs reminding of why so few silent dramas are still shown. It's been a while since I've seen BIRTH OF A NATION; this production of BEN-HUR made Griffith's masterpiece look restrained in comparison. The actor playing Ben-Hur resembled a younger version of John Lovitz's "Master Thespian" character on SNL -- you can just see him winking to the other actors and actresses and whispering "I was only... ACTING!"
As to the plot, it appears to be Hollywood's effort to turn the Easter story into a Western. After beating his Roman enemy in the chariot races, Ben-Hur becomes the richest man in all the world. He raises two great armies that will help Christ overthrow the Roman Empire ("Chapter IV: The evil Pontius Pilate is building a giant Death Coliseum to destroy the rebel Christian Alliance...."). But then word comes to him that Pilate is condemning Christ to death. Hur leaps onto his horse, yells for his men to follow him, and speeds away to Jerusalem. Will he make it in time? Frankly, I thought SILVERADO did it better....
There are other humorous parts. Ben's mom and sister have become lepers, and wherever they go, people yell "Lepers, lepers!" in such a way that I was reminded of Monty Python's "Llamas! Llamas!" bit. And, like many films before 1950, Jesus's face is never shown; what's exceptional about BEN-HUR is how clumsy they are at avoiding it.  This could have been done realistically, but it culminates in a scene of the Last Supper where some guy (the waiter?) stands in front of Christ during the entire scene.
The Technicolor parts of the film are interesting -- 1925 is about the earliest I ever heard of color being shown in theaters. It's used strictly for the scenes straight out of the Testament, and it gives them a rather gospel-like look; they resemble the illustrations you find in religious children's books. The chariot races scene is exciting, also. But it won't keep you entertained for 2 hours, so I'd generally say skip it, except to the most serious historian.
LINER NOTES: I stuck around to see the short preceding the next film; it was Bill Plympton's newest animated short, ONE OF THOSE DAYS. Unlike YOUR FACE, this was a straight-forward cartoon short where various pratfalls, accidents and misfortunes befall a fellow (we see everything from the fellows point of view). Rather like a Tom & Jerry cartoon, except that Plympton's art makes it funnier. Nothing exceptional, though.
Moriarty, aka Jeff Meyer INTERNET<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Manual UUCP: {uw-beaver, sun, microsoft}!fluke!moriarty
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


--- layout: post title: Session tracking tags: [] status: publish type: post published: true meta: {} ---
In recent weeks I have noticed a decided increase in information exposing Java methods to ColdFusion. This one here from RewindLife shows how to put an undocumented function to good use and track the users session. Check out this titbit of code (for simplicities sake put it in your Application.cfm):
<cfapplication name="sessionInfoTester" sessionManagement="true">
<cfparam name="session.sUser.timeArrived" default="#now()#" />
<cfset session.sUser.lastClick=now() />
<cfset tracker = createObject("java","coldfusion.runtime.SessionTracker") />
<cfset sessions = tracker.getSessionCollection(application.applicationName) />
<cfset count=0>
<cfloop collection="#sessions#" item="s">
<cfset count=count+1 />
<cfoutput>
#s#<lbr />
- Time arrived at #lcase(timeformat(sessions[s].sUser.timeArrived,'h:mmtt'))#

- Last click #datediff('s',sessions[s].sUser.lastClick,now())#
second<cfif datediff('s',sessions[s].sUser.lastClick,now()) NEQ 1>s</cfif> ago
</cfoutput>

</cfloop>
<cfdump var="#sessions#" />


NAKED LUNCH A film review by John Newman Copyright 1992 John Newman
Directed and written by David Cronenburg after the book by William S. Burroughs Starring Peter Weller, Judy Davis, Ian Holm, Julian Sands, Monique Mercure
Summary: NAKED LUNCH is a surprisingly conventional movie given its namesake. Nonetheless, its depiction of drug use and its creatively obscene special effects go far beyond typical Hollywood fare. Peter Weller stars as William Lee, a writer, exterminator, junkie and sometime secret agent trying to stay alive and stay high in the mysterious Interzone. A top-flight cast of supporting actors turn in strange and excellent performances as Weller's friends, his wife, and his acquaintances in the Interzone. I recommend NAKED LUNCH for the ambitious film-goer with a high tolerance for the weird.
A film adaptation of NAKED LUNCH is an ambitious undertaking. NAKED LUNCH, written by William S. Burroughs, centers on the themes of drug (and other) addiction and homosexual perversion. It is without coherent plot, is set mostly in a paranoid fantasy, and is definitely the most vile book I have ever struggled to finish.
The film NAKED LUNCH adopts some characteristics of the book, but stays within the bounds of traditional cinema. A storyline is grafted on, as are recognizable characters. In fact, the film comes off in many respects as a parody of detective film noir (such as, say, the film versions of Raymond Chandler). THE MALTESE FALCON was never like this, though.
William Lee (played by Peter Weller) is an writer and ex-junkie trying to make it as an exterminator, but having trouble maintaining his supply of roach killer. He discovers that his wife Joan (Judy Davis) has been shooting up the bug powder. "It's a literary high," she tells him, "... a Kafka high. It makes you feel like a bug." The police bring William in for questioning, and this is when the film starts getting very strange.
In the police station, Lee is recruited as a secret agent.  Lee escapes to the Interzone, an Arabian mecca wildly distorted from Burroughs' experiences in Tangier. The rest of the tangled and not-always-coherent plot, you should experience yourself.
In the Interzone, pleasurable substances and pretty boys are freely available. Lee samples all manner of narcotics, from hashish-like Majoun to "the meat of the giant aquatic centipede." Typewriters take on a mythic quality; they direct the authors' work, write on themselves, and metamorphose into secret-agent-bugs, incubi, and other obscene creatures. The aforementioned pretty boys are a major attraction for visitors and residents of both sexes, and for some residents who aren't exactly human.
One notable quality of Cronenburg's treatment is his matter-of- fact depiction of drug use. He does not pull away from the needle; nor does he zoom in on it, as a War On Drugs training film might. We see Judy Davis injecting bug powder at full length, without over-dramatization, as if she were eating lunch. Incidentally, this means that Davis must pull this off without stand-ins or fancy camera cuts; she performs admirably, although some of the audience may have felt a bit queasy.
The film is at its darkest when it stays closest to the book. Peter Weller, as the book's protagonist, occasionally quotes a sentence or paragraph from the novel, which is so much darker than the film that he sounds sententious and out of character.
Once NAKED LUNCH moves to the Interzone and goes hyperbolic, the plot does not hold together. Cronenburg's relatively conventional spy-vs.-spy plot never really makes sense; the actions of the characters also don't make sense. What makes NAKED LUNCH worthwhile is the excellent deadpan performance of Peter Weller and the off-the-wall portrayals by the supporting cast, set off against the milieu of Cronenburg's Interzone. Also, NAKED LUNCH features some excellent special effects, effects which don't really push the F/X envelope, but which are quite different from anything you'll see anywhere else. Do see NAKED LUNCH, if you're not easily offended; it is an entertaining film, and it breaks enough rules to put the rest of cinema in a different light.
--<EMAIL_ADDRESS>.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Since our aim was to predict gross movie income from review sentiment, we needed a database of recent movies with their gross earnings. Box Office Mojo proved to be the right place. We scraped all Box Office Mojo's listed movies for each year (about 500 per year) from 1990-2015, and several of their attributes. Besides total gross income for opening weekend income, we also attained information about release dates, close dates, and yearly ranking.
For each movie in the resulting table, we scraped imdb.com for 100 reviews corresponding to that movie. We ensured a wide range of reviews by sorting them in chronological order. Some movies had less than 100 reviews to offer, but several had many more. After 24 hours of scraping, our data set had half a million reviews corresponding to over 11,000 movies from the past 26 years.
Below shows the Box Office Mojo movie table (left) alongside a standard IMDB review page (right).
We needed a way to quantify sentiment, the feelings contained in a particular review. To do this we used labMT, or Language Assessment by Mechanical Turk, a word scoring list for sentiment analysis containing over 10,000 words available in the qdap Dictionaries package in R. Since the data was generated by Mechanical Turk, it contains an average "happiness" rating for each word. It also contains each words happiness rank (the highest being the word laughter), as well as happiness standard deviation. All happiness averages were positive, so we decided to make a table containing each word and its distance above or below the mean. Words below the mean are generally considered negative; words above the mean are considered positive. Our happiness table ranged from about -4 to +4.
Intuitively, not all words in a review will contain charged sentiments. The word the is an obvious example. Words like the probably do not appear in the labMT list, but as another cleaning step we decided to remove any left over boring words from our data. These are called stop words and are provided in Python's sklearn module.
For each review in our movie data, we collected several different measurements of sentiment, or valence. First, we took the sum of the happiness scores of the words in the review, calling it valence sum. Second, we took the average valence across the review. Third, we calculate the percentage of words in the review that were scorable using our word list. This tells us how dense the review was in terms of interesting words. Lastly, we calculated the sheer number of scorable words.
To add sensitivity to our analysis we use bag-of-words sentiment analysis on our movie review texts to see if we can better describe the text. In order to do this, we use the python library patternize to first tokenize the text into individual words. We lemmatize these words to convert words into their stem form e.g. “run”, “runs”, and “running” are reduced to the same lemma “run. Then we use the Penn Treebank to identify which parts-of-speech each word belongs to. From this, we are extract lists of the nouns and adjectives.
We are interested in the nouns because we can use them to find the topic of a sentence. Nouns have a clearer thematic signal than other parts of speech, therefore we consider them on a sentence level, where it is easier to distinguish topic. We use a bag of words to approach to predict the probability that an adjective has a positive sentiment. We then apply this naïve bayes classifier to the sentences within a review to determine whether they are positive or negative.
The goal was to create a dataframe that had an average probability of positive sentiment for each topic, by movie. This would provide more nuanced sentiment analysis than the simplistic method above.
Before we conduct any statistical analysis on our data points, it makes sense to get a better understanding of its underlying structure.
A neat way to discover these structures is to implement a Clustering Algorithm, which is a type of unsupervised learning analysis of texts. Using such methods, we can determine if there are any underlying statistical distributions in the population, such as a Gaussian, that is creating the patches of data we see in our sample. This method enables us to separate the dataset into meaningful chunks, and thus, we can determine which subsets of our data we should be running our regressions/classification on. The picture below shows that underneath the noise of the real world, our data regarding the relationship between sentiment and box office success are actually being created by three distinct Gaussian distributions.
Our analysis involved estimating the opening gross of movies with various features we had including the average valence for reviews for given movies for topic 1 and topic 0 (from sentiment analysis) as well as sentiment scores derived from the LabMT dictionary. We will use linear regression as well as other ensemble methods including SVM, decision tree, random forest, AdaBoost and GradientBoost. We will optimize these on training sets and test on testing sets, then selecting the best regressor with the highest accuracy score on the testing set.
We are also interested in the classifying whether movies have are Blockbusters, defined by critics as grossing above 100 million. We divide our dataset into Blockbuster movies and not, then trying to classify whether movies using two main methods. First, we use what we know from average valence for topic 1 and 0 from our bag of words analysis to try to classify Blockbusters. We use five methods, namely, logistic regression, SVM, decision tree, AdaBoost and GradientBoost. The second method is using all features that we have and seeing to what extent we can classify Blockbusters. We use the classifiers from the first method with the addition of Random Forests. Lastly, we select for the best classifier by seeing it’s accuracy score on the test data.


HTTP/2 Test file 03 |
Welcome to the Test page 02 for HTTP/2. This page contains pure HTML code and a image. Other web technologies as JavaScript, CSS... are not pressent. The main purpose of this page, is provide a basic template for HTTP/2 tests. |
Telefónica |


--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/113488-general/topic/lemma.20surprisingly.20not.20proved.20by.20rfl.html ---
Is there a shorter way to prove this and why isn't rfl
working? Is it because the type of the lhs is with_bot ℕ
and the rhs is option ℕ
? (The types are defeq)
import algebra.ordered_group example : (0 : with_bot ℕ) = some 0 := rfl -- doesn't work example : (0 : with_bot ℕ) = some 0 := by unfold has_zero.zero add_monoid.zero has_one.one monoid.one add_comm_monoid.zero semiring.zero ordered_semiring.zero linear_ordered_semiring.zero decidable_linear_ordered_semiring.zero comm_semiring.zero
Looked a little deeper and it seems (0 : with_bot ℕ)
is defeq to some (1 : multplicative ℕ)
. I feel like perhaps the fact that this lemma is not rfl
means the definition ought to be changed.
Oh, this is weird! It is in fact the case that (0 : with_bot ℕ) = some 0
, but the tactics are very confused about it. Here's simp
proving that they are different, and then the kernel says it's a wrong proof:
example : (0 : with_bot ℕ) ≠ (some 0 : option ℕ) := show some _ ≠ some 0, begin simp [multiplicative.monoid], end
I will add a lemma for it
as a slight hack, you can instead prove it by dec_trivial
failed to synthesize type class instance for ⊢ has_zero (with_bot ℕ)
-- am I missing an import?
algebra.ordered_group
@Sebastian Ullrich Minimized:
def nat2 := nat instance : has_one nat2 := ⟨(0 : ℕ)⟩ example : (0 : ℕ) ≠ (1 : nat2) := by simp
In this example example : (0 : ℕ) = (1 : nat2) := rfl
also fails
@Mario Carneiro Thanks, this seems to be an imprecise term pattern match at https://github.com/leanprover/lean/blob/master/src/library/type_context.cpp#L2906-L2907
Ooh, that's a tricky one. I'd hate for you to have to do defeq checks constantly there out of paranoia for tricks like I showed...
Yeah. It's probably not a good idea in general to declare instances on semireducible defs like multiplicative
. Is it feasible to change that?
Not really, I mean that is the point
Sorry, I meant making it irreducible or a newtype.
Probably not. An important aspect of the semireducible part is that you can prove multiplicative versions of additive theorems by defeq
It's fine as long as it gives way to a sufficiently forceful "unfold", but I'm not sure irreducible will
I would say that users should avoid having things of type multiplicative A
in their goal at all
so I think I will change the definition of the with_bot
instance so that it unfolds directly rather than showing the multiplicative stuff
fixed
{% endraw %}Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


Weekend July 20th: Fairs, Fun, and Staying Home
Describing a relaxing, non travelling weekend in Dortmund and Dusseldorf.
Back in Dortmund
This weekend I decided to take a much needed break from travelling and stay at home with some friends. I didn’t exactly stay at home though because all of my friends from the program are still in Dortmund. If I haven’t told you, I was required to move to Dusseldorf for my internship with SMS. The train ride from Dusseldorf to Dortmund is about an hour and a half if you are lucky. For almost the first time in a month and a half, I was lucky! The train ride went without any interruptions.
The first thing that I noticed back in Dortmund is that the town had quickly become small. After travelling all over Germany and seeing many different areas, Dortmund didn’t seem unusually different. The quaint German houses, the brick lined streets, and the bustling train station were nothing new to me at this point and it was comforting to know that in my travels I have adapted to an entirely different way of life.
It being a weekend, I couldn’t take the hanging rail to my dorm. Now that I finally have a camera, I got some good shots of what the forest looks like in between my old dorm and the rest of campus.
Going out in the City
It was nice to finally see Andy and Wanda again and I was also introduced to Andy’s friend Hannah who was visiting from Cambridge.
Being around the Ruhr fellows was a welcome break from seeing mostly Germans every day.  My personal highlight of the night was going to a club that was basically unattended. We were essentially the only four people on the dance floor when they started blaring a very eery remix of “Fresh Prince of Bel Air”, which probably stands as the weirdest thing I have heard in a club.
Daytime Dortmund
The next day Andy and Hannah decided to go hiking, so Wanda and I ran some errands in Dortmund. I finally made it to the Post Office so I could send some gifts home to my family. On the outside of the Post Office were these two amazing statues of Hand People! They clearly symbolize the Ruhr Area’s deindustrialization and the people’s fading identification with manual labor, as well as the painful struggle for new work. Plus, the Hand-People have butts, which is hilarious!
After that we finally made it to the resturaunt that our German teacher Matthaus told us about, the KartoffelLord!  The portions were huge and delicious. I would love to go back.
Dusseldorf Fair
Near dinnertime Wanda and I left for Dusseldorf to go see the amusement park. This park is held every year, but only for a week or two. All of the rides are built on the uninhabited side of the Rhein river just for this event, and my coworkers told me that people visit from the Netherlands and France just for the park.
The fair was absolutely packed with people, the train that we caught to the fair practically had people hanging out of the windows.
There was plenty of good food at the fair! It was mostly traditional German food like giant pieces of meat or unreasonably large sausages or humongous pretzels filled with butter. I wasn’t surprised to find that Germans could pull off fair food really well.
Wanda and I went up on the Ferris wheel and on a massive roller coaster called the Olympic Rings. There were plenty of rides which ranged from little kid bumper cars to spinning, strobing, metal death traps. The food was cheap but the rides themselves were very expensive, which was the opposite of US parks.
Overall, it was a great day. Sunday was spent relaxing and getting the rest of my things in order. It’s always good to sit back and rest before the next adventure.


Controls Tests
Text Control
%(text-value)s
Read Only Control
%(text-value)s
Password Control
%(password-value)s
Hidden Control
(label: hee hee)
%(hidden-value)s
Text Area Control
%(textarea-value)s
Text inside area!
File Control
%(file-value)s
Single Select Control
%(single-select-value)s
Uno
Dos
Tres
Multiple Select Control
%(multi-select-value)s
Un
Deux
Trois
%(single-unvalued-checkbox-value)s
Single Unvalued Checkbox
%(single-disabled-unvalued-checkbox-value)s
Single Disabled Unvalued Checkbox
%(single-valued-checkbox-value)s
Single Valued Checkbox
(Multi checkbox: options have the labels)
%(multi-checkbox-value)s
One
Two
Three
Third
(Radio: options have the labels)
%(radio-value)s
Ein
Zwei
Drei
Third
Image Control
%(image-value.x)s
%(image-value.y)s
Standard Submit Control
%(submit-value)s
Ambiguous Control
Ambiguous Control
The Label Needs Whitespace Normalization Badly
*[non word characters should not confuse]
Multiple labels really
really are possible
Labels can be connected by containing their respective fields
If you have a select field with a label that overlaps with one of its options' labels, that is ambiguous.
Sub-control Ambiguity
(none)
Sub-control Ambiguity Exemplified


| University of California, Berkeley | |||||
| Jepson Herbarium | |||||
Jepson Herbarium Public Programs |
||||
|
Our public programs, supported by The Friends of the Jepson Herbarium, include workshops that are designed to accommodate both beginners and specialists. Participants in our workshops gain a unique perspective on the flora of California as they learn from experts and interact with fellow botanists.Workshops are limted to no more than 25 participants, and occur in a variety of formats including classroom lectures, lab activities, and extended field excursions. To learn more about our workshops, please read this article about the program. Answers to common questions can be found in our FAQ. You can also read occasional updates and notes about the workshop program on our blog. The 2016 schedule is now available! Please note that registration is currently open only to members of the Friends of the Jepson Herbarium. Public registration begins on December 14. In 2015, we partnered with the UC Natural Reserve System to broaden the scope of the Workshop Program, to increase visibility of new and existing Reserves, and to enhance the complementary missions of the Jepson Herbarium and the UCNRS. We are pleased to continue this partnership in 2016.
Contact the Public Programs Department |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Copyright © 2016 Regents of the University of California — Updated January 07, 2016 — Terms of Use |


# File lib/DSK.rb, line 13 def is_dos33? # VTOC is at offset 0x11000 # bytes 1/2/3 are a track number, sector number and DOS version number # see if these are reasonable values (@file_bytes[0x11001]<=34) && (@file_bytes[0x11002]<=15) && (@file_bytes[0x11003]==3) end


Trusted Connection
Data security is becoming one of the biggest challenges for J.K.Avro superstore. Data access needs to be restricted, when connected to database server through
web servers or application servers.
J.K.Avro superstore is looking for a solution which gives greater control on access to database when connected through webserver or application server.
Operation
To be compliant with PCI security requirement "Track and monitor all access to network resources and cardholder data",
and to prevent access to sensitive information in 'credit_card' table from outside the
organizational premisis, the J.K.Avro superstore decides to implement trusted connection using trusted context objects.
Solution
A trusted connection allows the initiator of this trusted connection to acquire additional capabilities that may not be available outside the scope of the trusted connection.
This tutorial demonstrates how DB2's "Trusted Context" feature address the above problem. Topics presented are:
- Create trusted context object.
- Access data through trusted connection.
- Switch users within trusted connection.
- Audit trusted context object.


| Name | Description |
| \DevTools\Bootstrap | Dev Development Tools bootstraper, this integrates itself with the |
| \DevTools\Session | Dev DevTools session interface override. This class overrides |
| \DevTools\Style | Dev Development Tools styling class, this class overrides the |
| \DevTools\Style\Storage\DevTools | Dev Development Tools style storage, this class overrides the |
| \DevTools\Test | Dev Minor testing class, used for testing availability for |
| \DevTools\User | Dev DevTools user class, this class is used to bypass some of the |
| \DevTools\Utilities | Dev Utilities class wrapper. This class wraps around the previously |
| \DevTools\Utilities\IO | Dev Input/Output writer. This class is designed to make basic scripts |
| \HashRegistry | Dev Hash registry |
| \Layout | Dev Layout class |
| \Template | Dev Template class |
| \Tuxxedo\Bootstrap | Bootstraper, this class works as an encapsulated and easier way |
| \Tuxxedo\Cookie | Cookie Jar, this is a basic OO wrapper for cookies, it shares |
| \Tuxxedo\Database | Abstract Abstract database class |
| \Tuxxedo\Database\Driver\Mysqli | MySQL Improved driver |
| \Tuxxedo\Database\Driver\Mysqli\Result | MySQL Improved result class |
| \Tuxxedo\Database\Driver\Pdo | PDO abstraction driver |
| \Tuxxedo\Database\Driver\Pdo\Result | PDO abstraction result driver |
| \Tuxxedo\Database\Driver\Pgsql | PostgreSQL driver |
| \Tuxxedo\Database\Driver\Pgsql\Result | PostgreSQL result class |
| \Tuxxedo\Database\Driver\Sqlite | SQLite driver |
| \Tuxxedo\Database\Driver\Sqlite\Result | SQLite result class |
| \Tuxxedo\Database\Result | Abstract Abstract database result class |
| \Tuxxedo\Datamanager\Adapter | Abstract Abstract datamanager class |
| \Tuxxedo\Datamanager\Adapter\Datastore | Datamanager for datastore |
| \Tuxxedo\Datamanager\Adapter\Language | Datamanager for languages |
| \Tuxxedo\Datamanager\Adapter\Option | Datamanager for options |
| \Tuxxedo\Datamanager\Adapter\Optioncategory | Datamanager for option categories |
| \Tuxxedo\Datamanager\Adapter\Permission | Datamanager for permissions |
| \Tuxxedo\Datamanager\Adapter\Phrase | Datamanager for phrases |
| \Tuxxedo\Datamanager\Adapter\Phrasegroup | Datamanager for phrase groups |
| \Tuxxedo\Datamanager\Adapter\Session | Datamanager for sessions |
| \Tuxxedo\Datamanager\Adapter\Style | Datamanager for styles |
| \Tuxxedo\Datamanager\Adapter\Template | Datamanager for templates |
| \Tuxxedo\Datamanager\Adapter\User | Datamanager for users |
| \Tuxxedo\Datamanager\Adapter\Usergroup | Datamanager for usergroups |
| \Tuxxedo\Datastore | Datastore cache, this enables datastore caching for |
| \Tuxxedo\Debug\Backtrace | Debug backtrace class, this is a redesign of the old and infamous |
| \Tuxxedo\Debug\Trace | Trace class, this records traces about calls priority to |
| \Tuxxedo\Debug\TraceFrame | Trace frame, this class is used together with the backtracing |
| \Tuxxedo\Debug\Tracker | Debug tracker class |
| \Tuxxedo\Design\EventContext | Event Context, this basically works like an \stdClass object but |
| \Tuxxedo\Design\EventHandler | Event Handler class, this is the internal firing mechanism |
| \Tuxxedo\Design\InfoAccess | Abstract Information access, enables the ability for classes |
| \Tuxxedo\Exception | Default exception, mainly used for general errors. All |
| \Tuxxedo\Exception\Basic | Basic exception type, this is used for errors that |
| \Tuxxedo\Exception\BasicMulti | Basic Multi error exception |
| \Tuxxedo\Exception\Multi | Multi exception, this exception is used to carry multiple data |
| \Tuxxedo\Exception\SQL | SQL Exception |
| \Tuxxedo\Exception\TemplateCompiler | Template compiler exception, any compilation error will be |
| \Tuxxedo\Exception\Translated | Translated exception, this works like the standard |
| \Tuxxedo\Exception\Xml | XML Exception |
| \Tuxxedo\Helper | Abstract Helper loading interface |
| \Tuxxedo\Helper\Database | Database utilities helper |
| \Tuxxedo\Helper\Timer | Timer helper |
| \Tuxxedo\Input | Input filtering class, this class cleans data from |
| \Tuxxedo\Intl | Internationalization Interface |
| \Tuxxedo\Intl\Phrasegroup | Internationalization phrasegroup class |
| \Tuxxedo\Loader | Autoloader handler |
| \Tuxxedo\Options | Options class, allows the options registry entry to allow |
| \Tuxxedo\Registry | Registry class, this acts as a mixed singleton/registry |
| \Tuxxedo\Session | Session interface, this class is designed to be attached to |
| \Tuxxedo\Style | Styling API, this enables basic styling frontend for |
| \Tuxxedo\Style\Storage | Abstract Interface for template storage engines |
| \Tuxxedo\Style\Storage\Database | Style storage engine for database based templates |
| \Tuxxedo\Style\Storage\Filesystem | Style storage engine for file system based templates |
| \Tuxxedo\Template | Template class, this class serves as an object oriented way of creating |
| \Tuxxedo\Template\Compiler | Template compiler, this compiles raw template source |
| \Tuxxedo\Template\Compiler\Dummy | Dummy compiler class, this is used for emulation within the |
| \Tuxxedo\Template\Layout | Template layout, this is identical to the basic template class, except that |
| \Tuxxedo\Upload | Upload API |
| \Tuxxedo\Upload\Backend\Post | Upload backend for HTTP POST requests, this enables the possibility of the |
| \Tuxxedo\Upload\Backend\Url | Upload backend for HTTP URLs |
| \Tuxxedo\Upload\Descriptor | Upload descriptor, this contains meta information regarding the |
| \Tuxxedo\User | User session class, this class manages the current user |
| \Tuxxedo\Utilities | Utilities class wrapper. This class wraps around the previously |
| \Tuxxedo\Version | Versioning class, contains all of the Core versioning |
| \Tuxxedo\Xml | XML Parser for Engine, this class works as a factory for a generic |
| \Tuxxedo\Xml\Parser | Abstract XML Parser that works as an interface for all the parsers, this also contains |
| \Tuxxedo\Xml\Parser\Dom | DOM parser interface. |
| \Tuxxedo\Xml\Parser\Simplexml | SimpleXML parser interface. |
| \Tuxxedo\Xml\Tree | XML Tree structure, this is the common access interface for the parsed XML data |
Generated by Tuxxedo Engine 1.3.0 "Intergalactic" Alpha 1 (experimental).


MARC21, MODS, & FRBR
The ${project.name} project starts with a basic understanding of MARC, MODS, and FRBR biblographic record technologies.
## MARC21 Section
## START MODS Section
## START FRBR Section
MARC21
MARC21 is the current data carrier for library bibliographic records.
- Legacy and wide-spread
- Inoperability is a core requirement of LOC Bibliographic Framework
- Colorado College's ILS uses MARC21 for print holdings and electronic resources
MODS
The Metadata Object Description Schema or MODS is an XML element set with language-based tags and attributes
- Semantically richer than Dublin Core
- Simpler than MARCXML and MARC21; however, does not provide full round-trip compatibility with MARC formats
- Used by Colorado College's Fedora Commons Digital Archives hosted by Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries
FRBR
Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records or FRBR is an entity-relationship conceptual model for associating retrival and access user tasks with varying levels of abstract bibliographic records.
- Adopted as part of RDA Vocabulary
- Multiple mappings including FRBRoo, VRA, MARC, and MODS already exist or are being developed


Using the PyTorch JIT Compiler with Pyro¶
This tutorial shows how to use the PyTorch jit compiler in Pyro models.
Summary:¶
You can use compiled functions in Pyro models.
You cannot use pyro primitives inside compiled functions.
If your model has static structure, you can use a
Jit*
version of anELBO
algorithm, e.g.- Trace_ELBO() + JitTrace_ELBO()
Models should input all tensors as
*args
and all non-tensors as**kwargs
.Each different value of
**kwargs
triggers a separate compilation.Use
**kwargs
to specify all variation in structure (e.g. time series length).To ignore jit warnings in safe code blocks, use
with pyro.util.ignore_jit_warnings():
.To ignore all jit warnings in
HMC
orNUTS
, passignore_jit_warnings=True
.
Table of contents¶
[1]:
import os
import torch
import pyro
import pyro.distributions as dist
from torch.distributions import constraints
from pyro import poutine
from pyro.distributions.util import broadcast_shape
from pyro.infer import Trace_ELBO, JitTrace_ELBO, TraceEnum_ELBO, JitTraceEnum_ELBO, SVI
from pyro.infer.mcmc import MCMC, NUTS
from pyro.infer.autoguide import AutoDiagonalNormal
from pyro.optim import Adam
smoke_test = ('CI' in os.environ)
assert pyro.__version__.startswith('1.8.6')
Introduction¶
PyTorch 1.0 includes a jit compiler to speed up models. You can think of compilation as a “static mode”, whereas PyTorch usually operates in “eager mode”.
Pyro supports the jit compiler in two ways. First you can use compiled functions inside Pyro models (but those functions cannot contain Pyro primitives). Second, you can use Pyro’s jit inference algorithms to compile entire inference steps; in static models this can reduce the Python overhead of Pyro models and speed up inference.
The rest of this tutorial focuses on Pyro’s jitted inference algorithms: JitTrace_ELBO, JitTraceGraph_ELBO, JitTraceEnum_ELBO,
JitMeanField_ELBO, HMC(jit_compile=True), and NUTS(jit_compile=True). For further reading, see the examples/ directory, where most examples include a --jit
option to run in compiled mode.
A simple model¶
Let’s start with a simple Gaussian model and an autoguide.
[2]:
def model(data):
loc = pyro.sample("loc", dist.Normal(0., 10.))
scale = pyro.sample("scale", dist.LogNormal(0., 3.))
with pyro.plate("data", data.size(0)):
pyro.sample("obs", dist.Normal(loc, scale), obs=data)
guide = AutoDiagonalNormal(model)
data = dist.Normal(0.5, 2.).sample((100,))
First let’s run as usual with an SVI object and Trace_ELBO
.
[3]:
%%time
pyro.clear_param_store()
elbo = Trace_ELBO()
svi = SVI(model, guide, Adam({'lr': 0.01}), elbo)
for i in range(2 if smoke_test else 1000):
svi.step(data)
CPU times: user 2.71 s, sys: 31.4 ms, total: 2.74 s
Wall time: 2.76 s
Next to run with a jit compiled inference, we simply replace
- elbo = Trace_ELBO()
+ elbo = JitTrace_ELBO()
Also note that the AutoDiagonalNormal
guide behaves a little differently on its first invocation (it runs the model to produce a prototype trace), and we don’t want to record this warmup behavior when compiling. Thus we call the guide(data)
once to initialize, then run the compiled SVI,
[4]:
%%time
pyro.clear_param_store()
guide(data) # Do any lazy initialization before compiling.
elbo = JitTrace_ELBO()
svi = SVI(model, guide, Adam({'lr': 0.01}), elbo)
for i in range(2 if smoke_test else 1000):
svi.step(data)
CPU times: user 1.1 s, sys: 30.4 ms, total: 1.13 s
Wall time: 1.16 s
Notice that we have a more than 2x speedup for this small model.
Let us now use the same model, but we will instead use MCMC to generate samples from the model’s posterior. We will use the No-U-Turn(NUTS) sampler.
[5]:
%%time
nuts_kernel = NUTS(model)
pyro.set_rng_seed(1)
mcmc_run = MCMC(nuts_kernel, num_samples=100).run(data)
CPU times: user 4.61 s, sys: 101 ms, total: 4.71 s
Wall time: 4.7 s
We can compile the potential energy computation in NUTS using the jit_compile=True
argument to the NUTS kernel. We also silence JIT warnings due to the presence of tensor constants in the model by using ignore_jit_warnings=True
.
[6]:
%%time
nuts_kernel = NUTS(model, jit_compile=True, ignore_jit_warnings=True)
pyro.set_rng_seed(1)
mcmc_run = MCMC(nuts_kernel, num_samples=100).run(data)
CPU times: user 2.04 s, sys: 74.1 ms, total: 2.11 s
Wall time: 2.09 s
We notice a significant increase in sampling throughput when JIT compilation is enabled.
Varying structure¶
Time series models often run on datasets of multiple time series with different lengths. To accomodate varying structure like this, Pyro requires models to separate all model inputs into tensors and non-tensors.\(^\dagger\)
Non-tensor inputs should be passed as
**kwargs
to the model and guide. These can determine model structure, so that a model is compiled for each value of the passed**kwargs
.Tensor inputs should be passed as
*args
. These must not determine model structure. Howeverlen(args)
may determine model structure (as is used e.g. in semisupervised models).
To illustrate this with a time series model, we will pass in a sequence of observations as a tensor arg
and the sequence length as a non-tensor kwarg
:
[5]:
def model(sequence, num_sequences, length, state_dim=16):
# This is a Gaussian HMM model.
with pyro.plate("states", state_dim):
trans = pyro.sample("trans", dist.Dirichlet(0.5 * torch.ones(state_dim)))
emit_loc = pyro.sample("emit_loc", dist.Normal(0., 10.))
emit_scale = pyro.sample("emit_scale", dist.LogNormal(0., 3.))
# We're doing manual data subsampling, so we need to scale to actual data size.
with poutine.scale(scale=num_sequences):
# We'll use enumeration inference over the hidden x.
x = 0
for t in pyro.markov(range(length)):
x = pyro.sample("x_{}".format(t), dist.Categorical(trans[x]),
infer={"enumerate": "parallel"})
pyro.sample("y_{}".format(t), dist.Normal(emit_loc[x], emit_scale),
obs=sequence[t])
guide = AutoDiagonalNormal(poutine.block(model, expose=["trans", "emit_scale", "emit_loc"]))
# This is fake data of different lengths.
lengths = [24] * 50 + [48] * 20 + [72] * 5
sequences = [torch.randn(length) for length in lengths]
Now lets’ run SVI as usual.
[6]:
%%time
pyro.clear_param_store()
elbo = TraceEnum_ELBO(max_plate_nesting=1)
svi = SVI(model, guide, Adam({'lr': 0.01}), elbo)
for i in range(1 if smoke_test else 10):
for sequence in sequences:
svi.step(sequence, # tensor args
num_sequences=len(sequences), length=len(sequence)) # non-tensor args
CPU times: user 52.4 s, sys: 270 ms, total: 52.7 s
Wall time: 52.8 s
Again we’ll simply swap in a Jit*
implementation
- elbo = TraceEnum_ELBO(max_plate_nesting=1)
+ elbo = JitTraceEnum_ELBO(max_plate_nesting=1)
Note that we are manually specifying the max_plate_nesting
arg. Usually Pyro can figure this out automatically by running the model once on the first invocation; however to avoid this extra work when we run the compiler on the first step, we pass this in manually.
[7]:
%%time
pyro.clear_param_store()
# Do any lazy initialization before compiling.
guide(sequences[0], num_sequences=len(sequences), length=len(sequences[0]))
elbo = JitTraceEnum_ELBO(max_plate_nesting=1)
svi = SVI(model, guide, Adam({'lr': 0.01}), elbo)
for i in range(1 if smoke_test else 10):
for sequence in sequences:
svi.step(sequence, # tensor args
num_sequences=len(sequences), length=len(sequence)) # non-tensor args
CPU times: user 21.9 s, sys: 201 ms, total: 22.1 s
Wall time: 22.2 s
Again we see more than 2x speedup. Note that since there were three different sequence lengths, compilation was triggered three times.
\(^\dagger\) Note this section is only valid for SVI, and HMC/NUTS assume fixed model arguments.


Authorities seek info on buck poached near Corvallis
MISSOULA, Mont. (AP) - Montana wildlife authorities are investigating the poaching of a mule deer buck in southwest Montana.
KECI-TV reports that Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks game warden Justin Singleterry says the case involves a 4x4 buck that was found poached east of Corvallis in the Bitterroot Valley.
An investigation determined the buck was killed on location and then discarded down a steep embankment. Nothing was taken from the deer and all meat left to waste.
A member of the public reported the deer poached last Thursday. The deer may have been killed days before it was discovered.
Information from: KECI-TV, http://www.keci.com
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Copyright © 2019 The Washington Times, LLC.
Please read our comment policy before commenting.


Sunbird is an open source, configurable, extendable, modular learning management platform architected for scale. Designed to support multiple teaching and learning solutions supporting multiple languages and available for online and offline use.
Sunbird covers the following broad feature areas:
The tech stack used to develop the Sunbird is as follows:
AngularJS - simplifies and structures the Sunbird portal
Java Play - optimizes resource consumption (CPU, memory, threads) for high scalability
Apache Cassandra - proven database with large active data sets, fault tolerant, de-centralized, highly scalable and consistent without compromising on performance
ElasticSearch - performs and combines many types of searches — structured, unstructured, geo, metric and lets you zoom out to explore trends and patterns in your data
Docker - enables containerization of Sunbird components, making each component independent facilitating innovation, collaboration and co-creation
While the installation is automated, it is recommended that you have exposure to the following areas for managing a production grade setup:
The following are the core components of Sunbird:
Sunbird Portal - The Sunbird portal is the browser-based interface for the Sunbird application stack. It provides a web interface through which all functionality of Sunbird can be accessed. The Sunbird code is available on GitHub.
Content Editor - Content Editor is an inbuilt authoring tool on Sunbird. You can customize the content editor using Sunbird’s content APIs. APIs are available for creation, updation or customization.
For details, refer to the Content APIs
For details of the content editor, its features and instructions to use it, refer to Content Editor
Content Editor Plugins - Sunbird has the capability to extend the content editor by creating and using plugins. Plugins are available for rendering, capturing telemetry, creating and registering a new repository instance, previewing created content, etc.
Sunbird Services - Sunbird uses core and proxy services.
Others - Few other key services are:
If you are looking to explore Sunbird and test its feature set, we recommend you use the Sunbird sandbox which is hosted by us. You can also try the developer installation if you want to setup Sunbird on your workstation for testing, understanding or contributing back.
Note: Data created in the sandbox is erased after 24 hours
For a comprehensive walk through to install Sunbird on your workstation, refer to Developer Installation
Please refer to the Server Installation Steps if you want to host sunbird on your servers. Sunbird supports various deployment topologies and it can scale for thousands of users.
To create a customized Sunbird mobile application for your hosted Sunbird, refer to Mobile App Setup


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Interview prep
Banking Domain
Java interview questions
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Activiti
Reports generation API(java)
Apache POI API that allows programmers to create, modify, and display MS Office files using Java programs.
Spring:
Spring Boot
Spring Questions
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Java 8
EJB
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Microservices
Scrum training
Docker
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Database Related
Twilio Software Building Block Communication API
Amazon(VPC) virtual private cloud
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1.2.x Stable Releases
This document describes releases leading up to the 1.2.x stable series.
1.2.1 (01/20/2017)
Promotion of the 1.2.1rc0 release to a stable release, with no changes.
1.2.1rc0 (12/19/2016)
The first release candidate for stable 1.2.1: includes a backlog of recent fixes, particularly for initialization issues with Task results_dirs. Additionally, includes native support for running Scalatest tests via JUnit using Pants' junit_tests target type.
Bugfixes
1.2.0 (10/31/2016)
The stable 1.2.0 release! This is equivalent to the 1.2.0rc4 release from Friday.
The releases on this page encompass the complete list of changes since the previous stable release (1.1.0).
Thanks to the contributors!
1.2.0rc4 (10/27/2016)
The fifth release candidate for stable 1.2.0, which includes a fix for the fmt.isort task and an important correctness fix for golang remote rev pinning. This release candidate likely be elevated to the final 1.2.0 release tomorrow, barring any unexpected turbulence.
1.2.0rc3 (10/20/2016)
The fourth release candidate for stable 1.2.0, which limits the default targets affected by scalafmt and includes Benjy's lovely "default source globs" patch.
Bugfixes
- Fix erroneous deprecated scope warnings. RB #4323
New Features
- Allow targets to have sensible defaults for sources=. RB #4300
Refactoring, Improvements, and Tooling
- Add a target-types option to scalafmt to avoid formatting all targets RB #4328
1.2.0rc2 (10/18/2016)
The third, and perhaps final, release candidate for stable 1.2.0.
Notably: this release candidate restores JDK7 compatibility for junit tests.
API Changes
Bugfixes
New Features
- Adding scalafmt formatting to fmt goal and enable by default RB #4312
Refactoring, Improvements, and Tooling
- migrate changed integration tests to isolated temp git repos and add an environment variable to override buildroot RB #4295
1.2.0rc1 (10/13/2016)
Second release candidate for stable 1.2.0.
API Changes
- Add subsystem_utils to test_infra RB #4303
Bugfixes
Refactoring, Improvements, and Tooling
- Version clarification RB #4299
1.2.0rc0 (10/07/2016)
First release candidate for stable 1.2.0.
New Features
Refactoring, Improvements, and Tooling
- Add libffi to pants pre-reqs, qualify JDK req. RB #4285
- Update the setup.py description. RB #4283
- Refactor Intermediate Target Generation Logic RB #4277
- Clean up after failed artifact extractions RB #4255
- Publish the CPP plugin RB #4282
- Change --no-dryrun to the new flag in docs RB #4280
- Add --no-transitive flag to findbugs so you can run findbugs only for the targets specified on the command line RB #4276
1.2.0dev12 (9/30/2016)
Regularly scheduled unstable release, highlighted by engine work and OSX 10.12 support. Thanks to the contributors!
Bugfixes
- Remove deprecated from_target usage in examples. RB #4262
Refactoring, Improvements, and Tooling
- show deprecation warning for options given in env and config RB #4272
- Update binary_util OS map for OSX Sierra. RB #4266
- Make LegacyAddressMapper v2 engine backed RB #4239
- Upgrade to junit-runner 1.0.14. RB #4264
- Fix handling of method specs. RB #4258
- Factor workunit failure into final exit code. RB #4244
New Engine Work
- [engine] Iterative improvements for`changed` and friends. RB #4269
- [engine] Allow injecting of intrinsic providers to ease testing RB #4263
- [engine] When requesting select nodes or regular nodes, return state values rather than requiring a separate call RB #4261
- [engine] Introduce TypeConstraint#satisfied_by_type RB #4260
1.2.0dev11 (9/23/2016)
Regularly scheduled unstable release.
Heads up!: this release contains a change to an important default value for those who use pants to build scala codebases. The default --scala-platform-version has changed from 2.10 to 2.11. If you do not set this value in your pants.ini (highly recommended!) this may result in a surprise scala upgrade for you.
Thanks to the contributors!
API Changes
- Bump default scala platform version to 2.11 RB #4256
Bugfixes
- Clean up analysis.tmp usage between pants and zinc wrapper (Part 1) Issue #3667 RB #4245
- Clean up analysis.tmp usage between pants and zinc wrapper (Part 2) RB #4246
1.2.0dev10 (9/20/2016)
Regularly scheduled unstable release. Thanks to the contributors! Version bump, previous release only did a partial upload.
Bugfixes
Refactoring, Improvements, and Tooling
- Inject an automatic dep on junit for all junit_tests targets. RB #4228
- Simplify failed test reporting. RB #4240
- Fixup the simple plugin setup docs. RB #4241
- Add description to type constraints RB #4233
- Differentiate between source root categories. RB #4230
- Restore ChangedTargetGoalsIntegrationTest. RB #4227
- Deprecate the subsystem_instance utility function. RB #4220
New Features
1.2.0dev9 (9/12/2016)
Regularly scheduled unstable release. Thanks to the contributors! Version bump, previous release only did a partial upload.
Bugfixes
Refactoring, Improvements, and Tooling
1.2.0dev8 (09/02/2016)
Regularly scheduled unstable release. Thanks to the contributors! Version bump, previous release only did a partial upload.
1.2.0dev7 (09/02/2016)
Regularly scheduled unstable release. Thanks to the contributors!
Bugfixes
New Engine Work
Refactoring, Improvements, and Tooling
- Eliminate all direct use of pytest. RB #4201
- Update pants versioning to use python's packaging.version RB #4200
- [jvm-compile][test] Add test explicitly checking classpath for z.jars RB #4199
- Plumb fetch timeout through BinaryUtil. RB #4196
- Upgrade default go to 1.7. RB #4195
- Fixup PythonTarget resource_targets docs. RB #4148
- Customize tarfile module next() method RB #4123
1.2.0-dev6 (8/26/2016)
Regularly scheduled unstable release. Thanks to the contributors!
New Features
- A clear error message for checkstyle misconfiguration. RB #4176
Bugfixes
- Performance fix for consolidated classpath RB #4184
Refactoring, Improvements, and Tooling
New Engine Work
- Support exclude_target_regexps and ignore_patterns in v2 engine RB #4172
1.2.0-dev5 (8/19/2016)
Regularly scheduled unstable release.
New Engine Work
1.2.0-dev4 (8/12/2016)
Regularly scheduled unstable release.
New Features
- Introduce fmt goal, isort subgoal RB #4134
Bugfixes
New Engine Work
1.2.0-dev3 (8/7/2016)
Unscheduled extra unstable release.
Refactoring, Improvements, and Tooling
- Move the custom javac option to the Java subsystem. RB #4141
1.2.0-dev2 (8/5/2016)
Regularly scheduled unstable release.
1.2.0-dev1 (7/30/2016)
Regularly scheduled unstable release.
New Features
API Changes
Bugfixes
New Engine Work
Refactoring, Improvements, and Tooling
- A custom version of com.sun.tools.javac.api.JavacTool. RB #4122
- Time out Jenkins shards after 60 minutes. RB #4082
- Eliminate file listing ordering assumptions. RB #4121
- Upgrade the pants bootstrap venv to 15.0.2. RB #4120
- Bump default wheel version to latest. RB #4116
- Remove warnings from the release process. RB #4119
- Upgrade default go to 1.6.3. RB #4115
- Added a page on policies for pants committers RB #4105
- Cleanup BinaryUtil. RB #4108
- Update junit-runner to version 1.0.13 RB #4102 RB #4101 RB #4091 RB #4081 RB #4107
- Enable autoFlush for JUnit printstream so we get output as the tests run RB #4101 RB #4102
- Print a message for cycles in the graph when computing the target fingerprint RB #4087
- Pin remaining core-sensitive options. RB #4100 RB #4104
- Set the encoding for javac in pantsbuild/pants Issue #3702 RB #4103
- Customize pants settings for Jenkins. RB #4101 RB #4100
- Buffer the ConsoleRunner's use of stdio. RB #4101
- Extract safe_args to a jvm backend module. RB #4090
- Move ui_open into its own util module. RB #4089
- Simplify ConcurrentRunnerScheduler & cleanup. RB #4091
1.2.0-dev0 (7/18/2016)
Regularly scheduled unstable release! Unstable releases from master will use the dev suffix from now on (see #3382).
New Features
None this week!
API Changes
Bugfixes
- RGlobs.to_filespec should generate filespecs that match git spec RB #4078
- ivy runner make a copy of jvm_options before mutating it RB #4080
- Log exceptions from testRunFinished() in our listener Issue #3638 RB #4060
- Fix problems with unicode in junit XML output when writing to HTML report RB #4051
- [bugfix] Fix remote_sources() targets dependency injection. RB #4052
New Engine Work
Refactoring, Improvements, and Tooling
- Use ProjectTree in SourceRoots.all_roots(). RB #4079
- Add a note indicating that scope=forced is available beginning in 1.1.0 RB #4070
- Update version numbering and clarify notes updates RB #4069
- Improve deprecation warning for default backend option reliance. RB #4061 RB #4053
- Cleanup the annotation test project code RB #4056
- Add documentation for scopes RB #4050
- Add collection literals note to styleguide RB #4028


FACEBOOK ANALYSIS
ABOUT THE DATASET
The data is related to posts' published during the year of 2014 on the Facebook’s page of a renowned cosmetics brand.
CITATION
Sérgio Moro, Paulo Rita and Bernardo Vala (ISCTE-IUL) \
ABOUT THE COMPANY
Facebook is an American online social media and social networking service based in Menlo Park, California.
The founders of Facebook initially limited membership to Harvard students. Membership was expanded to Columbia, Stanford, and Yale before being expanded to the rest of the Ivy League, MIT, and higher education institutions in the Boston area, then various other universities, and lastly high school students. Since 2006, anyone who claims to be at least 13 years old has been allowed to become a registered user of Facebook, though this may vary depending on local laws. The name comes from the face book directories often given to American university students.
Facebook can be accessed from devices with Internet connectivity, such as personal computers, tablets and smartphones. After registering, users can create a profile revealing information about themselves. They can post text, photos and multimedia which is shared with any other users that have agreed to be their “friend”, or, with a different privacy setting, with any reader. Users can also use various embedded apps, join common-interest groups, buy and sell items or services on Marketplace, and receive notifications of their Facebook friends' activities and activities of Facebook pages they follow. Facebook claimed that it had 2.80 billion monthly active users as of December 2020, and it was the most downloaded mobile app of the 2010s globally.
FOUNDERS
Mark zuckerberg
Eduardo Saverin
Andrew McCollum
Dustin Moskovitz
Chris Hughes.


Deinitialization¶
A deinitializer is called immediately before a class instance is deallocated. You write deinitializers with the deinit
keyword, similar to how initializers are written with the init
keyword. Deinitializers are only available on class types.
How Deinitialization Works¶
Swift automatically deallocates your instances when they are no longer needed, to free up resources. Swift handles the memory management of instances through automatic reference counting (ARC), as described in Automatic Reference Counting.  However, when you are working with your own resources, you might need to perform some additional cleanup yourself. For example, if you create a custom class to open a file and write some data to it, you might need to close the file before the class instance is deallocated.
Class definitions can have at most one deinitializer per class. The deinitializer does not take any parameters and is written without parentheses:
- deinit {
- // perform the deinitialization
- }
Deinitializers are called automatically, just before instance deallocation takes place.  Superclass deinitializers are inherited by their subclasses, and the superclass deinitializer is called automatically at the end of a subclass deinitializer implementation. Superclass deinitializers are always called, even if a subclass does not provide its own deinitializer.
Because an instance is not deallocated until after its deinitializer is called, a deinitializer can access all properties of the instance it is called on and can modify its behavior based on those properties (such as looking up the name of a file that needs to be closed).
Deinitializers in Action¶
Here’s an example of a deinitializer in action. This example defines two new types, Bank
and Player
, for a simple game. The Bank
class manages a made-up currency, which can never have more than 10,000 coins in circulation. There can only ever be one Bank
in the game, and so the Bank
is implemented as a class with type properties and methods to store and manage its current state:
- class Bank {
- static var coinsInBank = 10_000
- static func distribute(coins numberOfCoinsRequested: Int) -> Int {
- let numberOfCoinsToVend = min(numberOfCoinsRequested, coinsInBank)
- coinsInBank -= numberOfCoinsToVend
- return numberOfCoinsToVend
- }
- static func receive(coins: Int) {
- coinsInBank += coins
- }
- }
Bank
keeps track of the current number of coins it holds with its coinsInBank
property. It also offers two methods—distribute(coins:)
and receive(coins:)
—to handle the distribution and collection of coins.
The distribute(coins:)
method checks that there are enough coins in the bank before distributing them. If there are not enough coins, Bank
returns a smaller number than the number that was requested (and returns zero if no coins are left in the bank). It returns an integer value to indicate the actual number of coins that were provided.
The receive(coins:)
method simply adds the received number of coins back into the bank’s coin store.
The Player
class describes a player in the game. Each player has a certain number of coins stored in their purse at any time. This is represented by the player’s coinsInPurse
property:
- class Player {
- var coinsInPurse: Int
- init(coins: Int) {
- coinsInPurse = Bank.distribute(coins: coins)
- }
- func win(coins: Int) {
- coinsInPurse += Bank.distribute(coins: coins)
- }
- deinit {
- Bank.receive(coins: coinsInPurse)
- }
- }
Each Player
instance is initialized with a starting allowance of a specified number of coins from the bank during initialization, although a Player
instance may receive fewer than that number if not enough coins are available.
The Player
class defines a win(coins:)
method, which retrieves a certain number of coins from the bank and adds them to the player’s purse. The Player
class also implements a deinitializer, which is called just before a Player
instance is deallocated. Here, the deinitializer simply returns all of the player’s coins to the bank:
- var playerOne: Player? = Player(coins: 100)
- print("A new player has joined the game with \(playerOne!.coinsInPurse) coins")
- // Prints "A new player has joined the game with 100 coins"
- print("There are now \(Bank.coinsInBank) coins left in the bank")
- // Prints "There are now 9900 coins left in the bank"
A new Player
instance is created, with a request for 100 coins if they are available. This Player
instance is stored in an optional Player
variable called playerOne
. An optional variable is used here, because players can leave the game at any point. The optional lets you track whether there is currently a player in the game.
Because playerOne
is an optional, it is qualified with an exclamation point (!
) when its coinsInPurse
property is accessed to print its default number of coins, and whenever its win(coins:)
method is called:
- playerOne!.win(coins: 2_000)
- print("PlayerOne won 2000 coins & now has \(playerOne!.coinsInPurse) coins")
- // Prints "PlayerOne won 2000 coins & now has 2100 coins"
- print("The bank now only has \(Bank.coinsInBank) coins left")
- // Prints "The bank now only has 7900 coins left"
Here, the player has won 2,000 coins. The player’s purse now contains 2,100 coins, and the bank has only 7,900 coins left.
- playerOne = nil
- print("PlayerOne has left the game")
- // Prints "PlayerOne has left the game"
- print("The bank now has \(Bank.coinsInBank) coins")
- // Prints "The bank now has 10000 coins"
The player has now left the game. This is indicated by setting the optional playerOne
variable to nil
, meaning “no Player
instance.” At the point that this happens, the playerOne
variable’s reference to the Player
instance is broken. No other properties or variables are still referring to the Player
instance, and so it is deallocated in order to free up its memory. Just before this happens, its deinitializer is called automatically, and its coins are returned to the bank.


You can email us at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or call us toll-free at<PHONE_NUMBER> for more information! Thank you for your support and be free to ask about our promotional offers! Be sure to check out our variety of stores nationwide as well as order online for more sales and promotional offers.


Discrete Mathematics: 2016-2017
|
Lecturer |
|
|
Degrees |
|
|
Term |
Michaelmas Term 2016 (16 lectures) |
Overview
In order to be able to formulate what a computer system is supposed to do, or to prove that it does meet its specification, or to reason about its efficiency, one needs the precision of mathematical notation and techniques. For instance, to specify computational problems precisely one needs to abstract the detail and then use mathematical objects such as sets, functions, relations, orders, and sequences. To prove that a proposed solution does work as specified, one needs to apply the principles of mathematical logic, and to use proof techniques such as induction. And to reason about the efficiency of an algorithm, one often needs to count the size of complex mathematical objects. The Discrete Mathematics course aims to provide this mathematical background.Learning outcomes
This is an introductory course on discrete mathematics. Students will learn:
- some fundamental mathematical concepts and terminology;
- how to use and analyse recursive definitions;
- how to count some different types of discrete structures;
- techniques for constructing mathematical proofs, illustrated by discrete mathematics examples.
Synopsis
The course is to be divided into eight topics, each topic with an associated proof technique or style. The weekly "extra topic" is to round out the material and will only be covered in lectures if time permits.
Week 1: Sets. Definition of sets, subsets, standard set operations; union, intersection, relative complement, symmetric difference, complement, cartesian products, power sets; algebraic laws; cardinality of finite sets. Writing mathematical proofs, double inclusion proofs for set equality, proof by cases. Extra topic: bags.
Week 2: Functions. Intervals; functions, domain and codomain, partial functions, restriction; 1-1, onto, and bijective functions; composition and inverse. Proof of the contrapositive and proof by contradiction. Extra topic: binary operators.
Week 3: Counting. Counting laws of sum, subtract, product; permutations, factorial function, combinations, binomial coefficients; inclusion-exclusion principle, derangements; floor and ceiling functions. Proof techniques for counting, with many examples. Extra topic: multinomial coefficients.
Week 4: Relations. Binary relations; properties of relations: reflexivity, irreflexivity, symmetry, antisymmetry, transitivity, seriality; equivalence relations, equivalence classes, and partitions; relational compositive, converse, and transitive closure; graphical representation of relations. Extra topic: counting relations.
Week 5: Sequences. Sequences and recurrence relations; sigma notation and partial sums of sequences; recurrence relations arising from counting problems, including derangements and partitions. Proof by induction. Extra topic: solving linear recurrence relations.
Week 6: Modular Arithmetic. Definition of modular arithmetic via an equivalence relation; properties of addition, multiplication, and exponentation (mod n); Euclid's algorithm, binary MOD and DIV functions, multiplicative inverses (mod p). The Pigeonhole Principle, illustrated by some pure number theoretic results. Extra topic: representing positive integers as sums of two squares.
Week 7: Asymptotic Notation. Big-O notation, tail behaviour of sequences, examples drawn from running times of common algorithms. Proofs of sentences of the form (exists x.forall y.P) with examples of asymptotic behaviour proofs including simplified Stirling's formula. Choosing the right inductive hypothesis for big-O proofs. Extra topic: solving recurrence relations of divide-and-conquer type, up to asymptotic order.
Week 8: Orders. Pre-orders, partial orders, and linear orders; chains; product and lexicographic order on cartesian products; upper and lower bounds, lub and glb. Proofs of sentences of the form (forall x.exists y.P), with examples from interesting orders. Extra topic: order isomorphisms.
Syllabus
Sets: union, intersection, difference, power set, algebraic laws. Functions: injectivity & surjectivity, composition & inverse. Relations, equivalence relations, and partitions; relational composition & converse, transitive closure; orders, least upper and greatest lower bounds. Combinatorial algebra: permutations, combinations, sums of finite sequences. Functions associated with combinatorial problems: ceiling, floor, factorial, combinatorial coefficients. The inclusion-exclusion principle. Recurrence relations arising from combinatorial problems. Modular arithmetic, Euclid's algorithm, and applications.Reading list
- A. D. Ker, Discrete Mathematics Lecture Notes, 2009.
Comprehensive, book-style, notes (not repackaged overheads). Available in weekly installments during lectures, and online at the end of the corresponding week.
Primary Text
- K. A. Ross and C. R. B. Wright, Discrete Mathematics (Fifth Edition), Prentice Hall, 2003
This book has much to commend it, including an enormous number of examples and exercises and a computer science oriented exposition. It is pitched at a somewhat easy level, suitable for supplementing the lecture notes. It is rather expensive (about £50) but there are many copies in Oxford libraries.
Alternative Texts
- A. Chetwynd and P. Diggle, Discrete Mathematics, Arnold, 1995.
Very basic, but easy to read. Only covers the first half of the course. Cheap.
- R. P. Grimaldi, Discrete And Combinatorial Mathematics (Fifth Edition), Addison Wesley, 2003.
Some of the book is rather advanced, but also covers the basics quite well. Has many good practice questions (some difficult). Earlier editions are equally useful.


# Python 3: Fibonacci series up to n
>>> def fib(n):
>>> a, b = 0, 1
>>> while a < n:
>>> print(a, end=' ')
>>> a, b = b, a+b
>>> print()
>>> fib(1000)
0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987
Functions Defined
The core of extensible programming is defining functions.

More about defining functions in Python 3
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Graduated from The University Of Georgia in December of 2007 with a B.S. in Computer Science. I spend my days working as a Software Developer in the North Metro Atlanta area where I get to play with lots of technologies that interest me like python, websockets, and C#.
 Every minute with them is a blast even if its just sitting in traffice on our way to the zoo or hanging out by the pool at my Mom and Dad's house.
Omnimetrix, LLC May 2015 - Present
Intercontinental Exchange October 2014 - May 2015
Omnimetrix, LLC June 2011 - June 2014
Applied Systems Intelligence November 2008 - May 2011 Now Known as Veloxiti
Digital Insight an Intuit Company October 2003 - August 2008 Now owned by NCR


I'm a budding software developer currently residing in Seattle, WA. I'm passionate about tech and hungry to code! I think what folks are starting to do with drones and geospatial mapping is pretty sweet. My background is in political science and foreign policy, and while it's a big shift for me to go towards tech, I want to be a part of developing technology myself or translate technical skills into actionable knowledge for policy makers.
Education
- University of Washington - Bachelor's of Arts in Political Science - 2016
- CodeFellows - TWO WHOLE DAYS OF INSTRUCTION - 2018
Work Experience
- Administrative Support - Veritox, Inc. and GT Engineering - Mar 2017 - August 2018
- Intern - Municipal League of King County - 2014
- Student Worker - University of Missouri Department of Pathology - 2011
Technical Skills
- Proficient in HTML, CSS and Javascript
- Basic web development
- Maintenance and format conversion of company contact and evidence databases
- Experience with Windows and Ubuntu operating systems
- Not actually very good with CSS.
My Favorite Albums
- Dj Shadow - Endtroducing
- Massive Attack - Mezzanine
- Trifonic - Emergence
- Bonobo - The North Borders
- Emancipator - Safe in the Steep Cliffs
- Shigeto - No Better Time Than Now
- Little People - Mickey Mouse Operation
- Four Tet - Pause
- Blockhead - The Music Scene
- Stephan Bodzin - Powers of Ten


Golden Globe nominations ceremony begins
by Agency ReportThe unveiling of Golden Globes nominees began on Monday in a ceremony marking the start of Hollywood’s annual awards season that culminates with the Oscars.
The announcements will see the stars and movies destined for awards success start to break away from the competition — the Globes are seen as a key bellwether for February’s Academy Awards.
Netflix is expected to have two frontrunners in “The Irishman,” Martin Scorsese’s three-and-a-half-hour gangster epic, and “Marriage Story,” the heartwrenching divorce saga starring Scarlett Johansson and Adam Driver.
Awards tracking site Gold Derby predicts strong competition from “Once Upon a Time in Hollywood,” Quentin Tarantino’s nostalgic love letter to 1960s Tinseltown, and Nazi satire “Jojo Rabbit,” also starring Johansson.
The 77th Golden Globes, which also honour television, will take place in Beverly Hills on January 5, two days before voting for Oscars nominees ends.
(AFP)


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Karpagam College of Engineering
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