RUN RUN COPY RUN FROM RUN COPY RUN CMD, EXPOSE ... ``` * The build fails as soon as an instruction fails * If `RUN ` fails, the build doesn't produce an image * If it succeeds, it produces a clean image (without test libraries and data) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- class: pic .interstitial[![Image separating from the next module](https://gallant-turing-d0d520.netlify.com/containers/container-cranes.jpg)] --- name: toc-dockerfile-examples class: title Dockerfile examples .nav[ [Previous section](#toc-tips-for-efficient-dockerfiles) | [Back to table of contents](#toc-module-4) | [Next section](#toc-exercise--writing-better-dockerfiles) ] .debug[(automatically generated title slide)] --- # Dockerfile examples There are a number of tips, tricks, and techniques that we can use in Dockerfiles. But sometimes, we have to use different (and even opposed) practices depending on: - the complexity of our project, - the programming language or framework that we are using, - the stage of our project (early MVP vs. super-stable production), - whether we're building a final image or a base for further images, - etc. We are going to show a few examples using very different techniques. .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## When to optimize an image When authoring official images, it is a good idea to reduce as much as possible: - the number of layers, - the size of the final image. This is often done at the expense of build time and convenience for the image maintainer; but when an image is downloaded millions of time, saving even a few seconds of pull time can be worth it. .small[ ```dockerfile RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y libpng12-dev libjpeg-dev && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \ && docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-png-dir=/usr --with-jpeg-dir=/usr \ && docker-php-ext-install gd ... RUN curl -o wordpress.tar.gz -SL https://wordpress.org/wordpress-${WORDPRESS_UPSTREAM_VERSION}.tar.gz \ && echo "$WORDPRESS_SHA1 *wordpress.tar.gz" | sha1sum -c - \ && tar -xzf wordpress.tar.gz -C /usr/src/ \ && rm wordpress.tar.gz \ && chown -R www-data:www-data /usr/src/wordpress ``` ] (Source: [Wordpress official image](https://github.com/docker-library/wordpress/blob/618490d4bdff6c5774b84b717979bfe3d6ba8ad1/apache/Dockerfile)) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## When to *not* optimize an image Sometimes, it is better to prioritize *maintainer convenience*. In particular, if: - the image changes a lot, - the image has very few users (e.g. only 1, the maintainer!), - the image is built and run on the same machine, - the image is built and run on machines with a very fast link ... In these cases, just keep things simple! (Next slide: a Dockerfile that can be used to preview a Jekyll / github pages site.) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ```dockerfile FROM debian:sid RUN apt-get update -q RUN apt-get install -yq build-essential make RUN apt-get install -yq zlib1g-dev RUN apt-get install -yq ruby ruby-dev RUN apt-get install -yq python-pygments RUN apt-get install -yq nodejs RUN apt-get install -yq cmake RUN gem install --no-rdoc --no-ri github-pages COPY . /blog WORKDIR /blog VOLUME /blog/_site EXPOSE 4000 CMD ["jekyll", "serve", "--host", "<IP_ADDRESS>", "--incremental"] ``` .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## Multi-dimensional versioning systems Images can have a tag, indicating the version of the image. But sometimes, there are multiple important components, and we need to indicate the versions for all of them. This can be done with environment variables: ```dockerfile ENV PIP=9.0.3 \ ZC_BUILDOUT=2.11.2 \ SETUPTOOLS=38.7.0 \ PLONE_MAJOR=5.1 \ PLONE_VERSION=5.1.0 \ PLONE_MD5=76dc6cfc1c749d763c32fff3a9870d8d ``` (Source: [Plone official image](https://github.com/plone/plone.docker/blob/master/5.1/5.1.0/alpine/Dockerfile)) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## Entrypoints and wrappers It is very common to define a custom entrypoint. That entrypoint will generally be a script, performing any combination of: - pre-flights checks (if a required dependency is not available, display a nice error message early instead of an obscure one in a deep log file), - generation or validation of configuration files, - dropping privileges (with e.g. `su` or `gosu`, sometimes combined with `chown`), - and more. .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## A typical entrypoint script ```dockerfile #!/bin/sh set -e # first arg is '-f' or '--some-option' # or first arg is 'something.conf' if [ "${1#-}" != "$1" ] || [ "${1%.conf}" != "$1" ]; then set -- redis-server "$@" fi # allow the container to be started with '--user' if [ "$1" = 'redis-server' -a "$(id -u)" = '0' ]; then chown -R redis . exec su-exec redis "$0" "$@" fi exec "$@" ``` (Source: [Redis official image](https://github.com/docker-library/redis/blob/d24f2be82673ccef6957210cc985e392ebdc65e4/4.0/alpine/docker-entrypoint.sh)) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## Factoring information To facilitate maintenance (and avoid human errors), avoid to repeat information like: - version numbers, - remote asset URLs (e.g. source tarballs) ... Instead, use environment variables. .small[ ```dockerfile ENV NODE_VERSION 10.2.1 ... RUN ... && curl -fsSLO --compressed "https://nodejs.org/dist/v$NODE_VERSION/node-v$NODE_VERSION.tar.xz" \ && curl -fsSLO --compressed "https://nodejs.org/dist/v$NODE_VERSION/SHASUMS256.txt.asc" \ && gpg --batch --decrypt --output SHASUMS256.txt SHASUMS256.txt.asc \ && grep " node-v$NODE_VERSION.tar.xz\$" SHASUMS256.txt | sha256sum -c - \ && tar -xf "node-v$NODE_VERSION.tar.xz" \ && cd "node-v$NODE_VERSION" \ ... ``` ] (Source: [Nodejs official image](https://github.com/nodejs/docker-node/blob/master/10/alpine/Dockerfile)) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## Overrides In theory, development and production images should be the same. In practice, we often need to enable specific behaviors in development (e.g. debug statements). One way to reconcile both needs is to use Compose to enable these behaviors. Let's look at the [trainingwheels](https://github.com/jpetazzo/trainingwheels) demo app for an example. .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## Production image This Dockerfile builds an image leveraging gunicorn: ```dockerfile FROM python RUN pip install flask RUN pip install gunicorn RUN pip install redis COPY . /src WORKDIR /src CMD gunicorn --bind <IP_ADDRESS>:5000 --workers 10 counter:app EXPOSE 5000 ``` (Source: [trainingwheels Dockerfile](https://github.com/jpetazzo/trainingwheels/blob/master/www/Dockerfile)) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## Development Compose file This Compose file uses the same image, but with a few overrides for development: - the Flask development server is used (overriding `CMD`), - the `DEBUG` environment variable is set, - a volume is used to provide a faster local development workflow. .small[ ```yaml services: www: build: www ports: - 8000:5000 user: nobody environment: DEBUG: 1 command: python counter.py volumes: - ./www:/src ``` ] (Source: [trainingwheels Compose file](https://github.com/jpetazzo/trainingwheels/blob/master/docker-compose.yml)) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## How to know which best practices are better? - The main goal of containers is to make our lives easier. - In this chapter, we showed many ways to write Dockerfiles. - These Dockerfiles use sometimes diametrally opposed techniques. - Yet, they were the "right" ones *for a specific situation.* - It's OK (and even encouraged) to start simple and evolve as needed. - Feel free to review this chapter later (after writing a few Dockerfiles) for inspiration! ??? :EN:- Dockerfile tips, tricks, and best practices :FR:- Bonnes pratiques pour la construction des images .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- class: pic .interstitial[![Image separating from the next module](https://gallant-turing-d0d520.netlify.com/containers/container-housing.jpg)] --- name: toc-exercise--writing-better-dockerfiles class: title Exercise — writing better Dockerfiles .nav[ [Previous section](#toc-dockerfile-examples) | [Back to table of contents](#toc-module-4) | [Next section](#toc-links-and-resources) ] .debug[(automatically generated title slide)] --- # Exercise — writing better Dockerfiles Let's update our Dockerfiles to leverage multi-stage builds! The code is at: https://github.com/jpetazzo/wordsmith Use a different tag for these images, so that we can compare their sizes. What's the size difference between single-stage and multi-stage builds? .debug[[containers/Exercise_Dockerfile_Advanced.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Exercise_Dockerfile_Advanced.md)] --- class: title, self-paced Thank you! .debug[[shared/thankyou.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/shared/thankyou.md)] --- class: title, in-person That's all, folks! Questions? ![end](images/end.jpg) .debug[[shared/thankyou.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/shared/thankyou.md)] --- class: pic .interstitial[![Image separating from the next module](https://gallant-turing-d0d520.netlify.com/containers/containers-by-the-water.jpg)] --- name: toc-links-and-resources class: title Links and resources .nav[ [Previous section](#toc-exercise--writing-better-dockerfiles) | [Back to table of contents](#toc-module-4) | [Next section](#toc-) ] .debug[(automatically generated title slide)] --- # Links and resources - [Docker Community Slack](https://community.docker.com/registrations/groups/4316) - [Docker Community Forums](https://forums.docker.com/) - [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com) - [Docker Blog](https://blog.docker.com/) - [Docker documentation](https://docs.docker.com/) - [Docker on StackOverflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/docker) - [Docker on Twitter](https://twitter.com/docker) - [Play With Docker Hands-On Labs](https://training.play-with-docker.com/) .footnote[These slides (and future updates) are on → https://container.training/] .debug[[containers/links.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/links.md)]
RUN CMD, EXPOSE ... ``` * The build fails as soon as an instruction fails * If `RUN ` fails, the build doesn't produce an image * If it succeeds, it produces a clean image (without test libraries and data) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- class: pic .interstitial[![Image separating from the next module](https://gallant-turing-d0d520.netlify.com/containers/container-cranes.jpg)] --- name: toc-dockerfile-examples class: title Dockerfile examples .nav[ [Previous section](#toc-tips-for-efficient-dockerfiles) | [Back to table of contents](#toc-module-4) | [Next section](#toc-exercise--writing-better-dockerfiles) ] .debug[(automatically generated title slide)] --- # Dockerfile examples There are a number of tips, tricks, and techniques that we can use in Dockerfiles. But sometimes, we have to use different (and even opposed) practices depending on: - the complexity of our project, - the programming language or framework that we are using, - the stage of our project (early MVP vs. super-stable production), - whether we're building a final image or a base for further images, - etc. We are going to show a few examples using very different techniques. .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## When to optimize an image When authoring official images, it is a good idea to reduce as much as possible: - the number of layers, - the size of the final image. This is often done at the expense of build time and convenience for the image maintainer; but when an image is downloaded millions of time, saving even a few seconds of pull time can be worth it. .small[ ```dockerfile RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y libpng12-dev libjpeg-dev && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \ && docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-png-dir=/usr --with-jpeg-dir=/usr \ && docker-php-ext-install gd ... RUN curl -o wordpress.tar.gz -SL https://wordpress.org/wordpress-${WORDPRESS_UPSTREAM_VERSION}.tar.gz \ && echo "$WORDPRESS_SHA1 *wordpress.tar.gz" | sha1sum -c - \ && tar -xzf wordpress.tar.gz -C /usr/src/ \ && rm wordpress.tar.gz \ && chown -R www-data:www-data /usr/src/wordpress ``` ] (Source: [Wordpress official image](https://github.com/docker-library/wordpress/blob/618490d4bdff6c5774b84b717979bfe3d6ba8ad1/apache/Dockerfile)) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## When to *not* optimize an image Sometimes, it is better to prioritize *maintainer convenience*. In particular, if: - the image changes a lot, - the image has very few users (e.g. only 1, the maintainer!), - the image is built and run on the same machine, - the image is built and run on machines with a very fast link ... In these cases, just keep things simple! (Next slide: a Dockerfile that can be used to preview a Jekyll / github pages site.) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ```dockerfile FROM debian:sid RUN apt-get update -q RUN apt-get install -yq build-essential make RUN apt-get install -yq zlib1g-dev RUN apt-get install -yq ruby ruby-dev RUN apt-get install -yq python-pygments RUN apt-get install -yq nodejs RUN apt-get install -yq cmake RUN gem install --no-rdoc --no-ri github-pages COPY . /blog WORKDIR /blog VOLUME /blog/_site EXPOSE 4000 CMD ["jekyll", "serve", "--host", "<IP_ADDRESS>", "--incremental"] ``` .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## Multi-dimensional versioning systems Images can have a tag, indicating the version of the image. But sometimes, there are multiple important components, and we need to indicate the versions for all of them. This can be done with environment variables: ```dockerfile ENV PIP=9.0.3 \ ZC_BUILDOUT=2.11.2 \ SETUPTOOLS=38.7.0 \ PLONE_MAJOR=5.1 \ PLONE_VERSION=5.1.0 \ PLONE_MD5=76dc6cfc1c749d763c32fff3a9870d8d ``` (Source: [Plone official image](https://github.com/plone/plone.docker/blob/master/5.1/5.1.0/alpine/Dockerfile)) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## Entrypoints and wrappers It is very common to define a custom entrypoint. That entrypoint will generally be a script, performing any combination of: - pre-flights checks (if a required dependency is not available, display a nice error message early instead of an obscure one in a deep log file), - generation or validation of configuration files, - dropping privileges (with e.g. `su` or `gosu`, sometimes combined with `chown`), - and more. .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## A typical entrypoint script ```dockerfile #!/bin/sh set -e # first arg is '-f' or '--some-option' # or first arg is 'something.conf' if [ "${1#-}" != "$1" ] || [ "${1%.conf}" != "$1" ]; then set -- redis-server "$@" fi # allow the container to be started with '--user' if [ "$1" = 'redis-server' -a "$(id -u)" = '0' ]; then chown -R redis . exec su-exec redis "$0" "$@" fi exec "$@" ``` (Source: [Redis official image](https://github.com/docker-library/redis/blob/d24f2be82673ccef6957210cc985e392ebdc65e4/4.0/alpine/docker-entrypoint.sh)) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## Factoring information To facilitate maintenance (and avoid human errors), avoid to repeat information like: - version numbers, - remote asset URLs (e.g. source tarballs) ... Instead, use environment variables. .small[ ```dockerfile ENV NODE_VERSION 10.2.1 ... RUN ... && curl -fsSLO --compressed "https://nodejs.org/dist/v$NODE_VERSION/node-v$NODE_VERSION.tar.xz" \ && curl -fsSLO --compressed "https://nodejs.org/dist/v$NODE_VERSION/SHASUMS256.txt.asc" \ && gpg --batch --decrypt --output SHASUMS256.txt SHASUMS256.txt.asc \ && grep " node-v$NODE_VERSION.tar.xz\$" SHASUMS256.txt | sha256sum -c - \ && tar -xf "node-v$NODE_VERSION.tar.xz" \ && cd "node-v$NODE_VERSION" \ ... ``` ] (Source: [Nodejs official image](https://github.com/nodejs/docker-node/blob/master/10/alpine/Dockerfile)) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## Overrides In theory, development and production images should be the same. In practice, we often need to enable specific behaviors in development (e.g. debug statements). One way to reconcile both needs is to use Compose to enable these behaviors. Let's look at the [trainingwheels](https://github.com/jpetazzo/trainingwheels) demo app for an example. .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## Production image This Dockerfile builds an image leveraging gunicorn: ```dockerfile FROM python RUN pip install flask RUN pip install gunicorn RUN pip install redis COPY . /src WORKDIR /src CMD gunicorn --bind <IP_ADDRESS>:5000 --workers 10 counter:app EXPOSE 5000 ``` (Source: [trainingwheels Dockerfile](https://github.com/jpetazzo/trainingwheels/blob/master/www/Dockerfile)) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## Development Compose file This Compose file uses the same image, but with a few overrides for development: - the Flask development server is used (overriding `CMD`), - the `DEBUG` environment variable is set, - a volume is used to provide a faster local development workflow. .small[ ```yaml services: www: build: www ports: - 8000:5000 user: nobody environment: DEBUG: 1 command: python counter.py volumes: - ./www:/src ``` ] (Source: [trainingwheels Compose file](https://github.com/jpetazzo/trainingwheels/blob/master/docker-compose.yml)) .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- ## How to know which best practices are better? - The main goal of containers is to make our lives easier. - In this chapter, we showed many ways to write Dockerfiles. - These Dockerfiles use sometimes diametrally opposed techniques. - Yet, they were the "right" ones *for a specific situation.* - It's OK (and even encouraged) to start simple and evolve as needed. - Feel free to review this chapter later (after writing a few Dockerfiles) for inspiration! ??? :EN:- Dockerfile tips, tricks, and best practices :FR:- Bonnes pratiques pour la construction des images .debug[[containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Dockerfile_Tips.md)] --- class: pic .interstitial[![Image separating from the next module](https://gallant-turing-d0d520.netlify.com/containers/container-housing.jpg)] --- name: toc-exercise--writing-better-dockerfiles class: title Exercise — writing better Dockerfiles .nav[ [Previous section](#toc-dockerfile-examples) | [Back to table of contents](#toc-module-4) | [Next section](#toc-links-and-resources) ] .debug[(automatically generated title slide)] --- # Exercise — writing better Dockerfiles Let's update our Dockerfiles to leverage multi-stage builds! The code is at: https://github.com/jpetazzo/wordsmith Use a different tag for these images, so that we can compare their sizes. What's the size difference between single-stage and multi-stage builds? .debug[[containers/Exercise_Dockerfile_Advanced.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/Exercise_Dockerfile_Advanced.md)] --- class: title, self-paced Thank you! .debug[[shared/thankyou.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/shared/thankyou.md)] --- class: title, in-person That's all, folks! Questions? ![end](images/end.jpg) .debug[[shared/thankyou.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/shared/thankyou.md)] --- class: pic .interstitial[![Image separating from the next module](https://gallant-turing-d0d520.netlify.com/containers/containers-by-the-water.jpg)] --- name: toc-links-and-resources class: title Links and resources .nav[ [Previous section](#toc-exercise--writing-better-dockerfiles) | [Back to table of contents](#toc-module-4) | [Next section](#toc-) ] .debug[(automatically generated title slide)] --- # Links and resources - [Docker Community Slack](https://community.docker.com/registrations/groups/4316) - [Docker Community Forums](https://forums.docker.com/) - [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com) - [Docker Blog](https://blog.docker.com/) - [Docker documentation](https://docs.docker.com/) - [Docker on StackOverflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/docker) - [Docker on Twitter](https://twitter.com/docker) - [Play With Docker Hands-On Labs](https://training.play-with-docker.com/) .footnote[These slides (and future updates) are on → https://container.training/] .debug[[containers/links.md](https://github.com/jpetazzo/container.training/tree/master/slides/containers/links.md)]


LET'S MAKE A PERFECT STYLE
Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s
READ MORE


I like ⛄, but I like ☃ better.
I like ⛄, but I like ☃ better.
My favorites: ⛄, ⛄, ⛄, ⛄, ⛄, and maybe ⛄.


The Vlasov equation in terms of particle coordinates (x,v) is written
|
| (1) |
where f = f(x,v) is the particle distribution function, x and v are the location and velocity of particles. The distribution function f depends on 7 variables (t,x,v).
Consider a simple case where the electromagnetic ﬁeld is a time-independent and spatial uniform magnetic ﬁeld, B = B0 and E = 0. Let us examine the Vlasov equation in this simple case and look if there is any coordinate system that can reduce the dimensionality of the problem.
Choose Cartesian coordinate system (x,y,z) for the conﬁguration space. Describe the velocity space using a right-handed cylindrical coordinates (v⊥,α,v∥), where v∥ = v ⋅ e∥, e∥ is the unit vector along the magnetic ﬁeld, α is the azimuthal angle of the velocity relative to ex. Then the 6D phase-space are described by coordinates (x,y,z,v⊥,α,v∥). The distribution function f depends on 7 variables, namely x,y,z,v∥,α,v⊥, and t.
In (x,v⊥,α,v∥) coordinates, the gradient in velocity space, ∂f∕∂v, is written as
|
| (2) |
where e1 = v⊥∕|v⊥| = (v − (v ⋅ ez)ez)∕|v − (v ⋅ ez)ez| and eα = −e1 × ez. Then (v × B) ⋅ is written as
|
| (4) |
Deﬁne the following coordinates transform (guiding-center transform):
|
| (5) |
Then, in terms of the new coordinates (x′,y′,z′,v∥′,v⊥′,α′), ∂f∕∂α′ is written as
|
| (7) |
(Note that the derivative ∂f∕∂α′ in the new coordinate system incorporate three derivatives in the original coordinate system, namely, ∂f∕∂x, ∂f∕∂y, and ∂f∕∂α.) Note that x′, y′ and v⊥′ do not appear in Eq. (7), which means that the grids correspond to these variables are not needed when numerically solving Eq. (7) using Euler grid-based methods, i.e., the dimesion of the problem is reduced. This reduction will reduce the computational cost.
The dimension reduction for the above simple case is found by using the guiding-center transform. This motivates us to investigate whether the guiding-center transform can be made use of to simplify the kinetic equation for more general cases where we have a (weakly) non-uniform static magnetic ﬁeld plus electromagnetic perturbations of low frequency (and of small amplitude and k∥ρi ≪ 1).


We'll start with a simple project - it contains a single executable. We want to use PropWare to build an
application named "MyFirstProject" and we expect the binary to be named HelloWorld
. That binary
will be built from a single source file, main.cpp
. The resulting CMake configuration file
(CMakeLists.txt
) would contain the following:
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.12)
find_package(PropWare REQUIRED)
project(MyFirstProject)
create_simple_executable(HelloWorld main.cpp)
We'll break this into three sections. The first is boilerplate and should be at the top of all of your CMake configuration files:
cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 3.12)
find_package(PropWare REQUIRED)
The first line is required by CMake, and the second line defines special CMake functions for the Propeller and configures PropGCC as the compiler of choice.
Following that, we declare our project's name and, in more complex projects, which languages will be used in the
project. For our simple exmaple, the default languages (C and C++) will do just fine, so we won't provide any
extra arguments to the project()
function.
project(MyFirstProject)
The name of our project can be anything you'd like so long as there is no whitespace.
And finally, we need to tell CMake what files should be compiled:
create_simple_executable(HelloWorld main.cpp)
This function, create_simple_executable()
, is provided by PropWare, so you won't find it documented
on the official CMake pages. It is a wrapper around add_executable()
and the parameters are
identical. You can and should therefore reference the official documentation
here. The first
parameter (HelloWorld
) is the name of our executable. All remaining parameters are the list of
source files which should be compiled into the executable. In this case, there is only one source file:
main.cpp
.
Let's take the example of a phony project for a Quadcopter. We're using Parallax's Quickstart development board, the compressed-memory-model, and our code must be compiled with size optimizations. Our project consists of the following files:
Quadcopter.cpp
motor_drivers.c
avionics.S
rf_transceiver.ecogc
cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 3.3)
find_package(PropWare REQUIRED)
set(BOARD QUICKSTART)
set(MODEL cmm)
project(Quadcopter C CXX ASM ECOGC)
create_simple_executable(${PROJECT_NAME}
Quadcopter.cpp
motor_drivers.c
avionics.S
rf_transceiver.ecogc)
Our first two lines remain the same. To reiterate, these lines should remain at the top of every PropWare project you create.
The next two lines set PropWare-specific variables related to how the project is compiled and loaded onto a
board. The BOARD
variable defines what
propeller-load
configuration file should be used,
and the MODEL
allows us to select between PropGCC's many compilation modes.
Here are three of the most common CMake variables you might use in your own projects.
BOARD
variable can be used to identify your physical hardware.
propelle-load
uses this to determine how many bytes of EEPROM, the default baud rate used by for
PC <-> Propeller communication, and other functions. Any board available in SimpleIDE is available here as well
- they are reading from the same configuration pool (<PropGCC root>/propeller-load
).
lmm
] This option should be one of cog
, cmm
,
lmm
, xmm-single
, xmm-split
, or xmmc
. Read
more about PropGCC's memory models
here.
COMMON_FLAGS
variable will be applied to
assembly,
C and C++ files. This includes cogc
, ecogc
, cogcpp
, and
ecogcpp
but not Spin
.


Tomb of a man doomed to spend an eternity with frogs eating his face
by John StruanHas this made it into a Hellboy comic yet? The effigy of Francois I de la Sarra (died 1363), can be found in the Chapel of Sainte-Antoine at La Sarraz, Vaud, Switzerland:
The chapel, dedicated to Saint Antoine, founded by Francis I of La Sarraz, was built by his son Aymon III between 1360 and 1372 as the first urban chapel. It is classified as a historical monument. It is a Protestant temple located on the territory of the Vaud municipality of La Sarraz.
It's not just frogs covering his body:
(Via Helen McClory.)


Navigation Bar
My First Navigation Bar
Vertical Navigation Bar Example
Center Links and Border
Current Navigation Link
Fixed and Full Height Side Navigation Bar
Horizontal Navigation Bar
Inline List Items
Float List Items
Be sure !DOCTYPE is specified. If not, floating items can produce unexpected results.
CSS3 Horizontal Navigation Bar
Right Align Items


The goal of this assignment is to continue learning about JavaScript variables, operators, branching and looping. Use our branching document as a reference.
As we discuss various issues today in class, we will be creating files called week07-day01.js and week07-day02.html. These files should be placed in the javascript-tests directory of your repository and pushed to GitHub. Link to the JavaScript file from the HTML file and link to the HTML file from your home page.
NOTE: You probably already have a directory called javascript-tests or JavaScriptTests. If you have not done so already, I want us to switch to having directories and files composed solely of lower case letters. To rename JavaScriptTest to javascript-tests do this on Windows:
git mv JavaScriptTest temp
git mv temp javascript-tests
On Linux or the Mac do this:
git mv JavaScriptTest javascript-tests
The contents of the file will evolve during class as we experiement with variables, operaters, branching and looping. We will mostly be running the JavaScript file from the command line. We should however, run the HTML file on our GitHub pages and check the output it produces in the console window of the Developer Tools. There might not be any output at first, but some should begin to appear over the course of our class time.
When grading this assignment, I will check for the existence of this file and any related files, such as a CSS file, if we create or use one. I'm not looking for specific content in this file, nor am I particularly interested in checking the file for correctness. I just want to see that the file exists, and that it contains content at least reasonably in accord with what we are doing in class.
I will also be looking at the history of your repository. In particular, I will run the command git log. This will show me how many times you pushed to GitHub this week. I'm expecting to see that you pushed several times today, and hopefully also that you will have pushed several more times throughout the week. Regardless, I expect to see that you pushed to GitHub at least 5 times this week.
This assignment has three goals:
- To learn about or to learn more about JavaScript
- Variables (declarations)
- for-loops (looping)
- if statements (branching)
- ES5 and ES6
- To check that you are paying attention and following along in class.
- To check that you are using your repository.
A somewhat unintended consequence is that this is also a means of my taking role. If you missed class for some reason, please explain why when you submit the assignment. As explained elsewhere, I will almost always "forgive" a student for missing one class per quarter, which means -- I suppose -- showing mercy when grading this assignment if you missed class. But if you miss multiple classes, I will be looking for a good explanation before letting up on the grading of this assignment.


Class: PkPassesController
- Inherits:
-
ApplicationController
- Object
- ActionController::Base
- ApplicationController
- PkPassesController
- Defined in:
- app/controllers/pk_passes_controller.rb
Overview
Manages the PKPass #destroy action.
No other methods are provided for PKPasses are provided here, since PKPasses are only created by parsing raw BoardingPass barcode data, are only viewed in the context of creating a new Flight or through the BoardingPass parser, and are uneditable.
Instance Method Summary collapse
-
#destroy ⇒ nil
Deletes an existing PKPass.
Methods inherited from ApplicationController
#add_message, #check_email_for_boarding_passes, #current_region, #flyer, #logged_in_user
Methods included from SessionsHelper
#current_user, #current_user=, #log_in, #log_out, #logged_in?


--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: A 5-Step Guide to Good Continuous Delivery header-img: "img/Continuous-Delivery-Machine.png" author: display_name: Stefan Thorpe login: stefan email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>url: '' author_login: stefan author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>wordpress_id: 1967 wordpress_url: https://caylent.com/?p=1967 date: '2017-10-30 08:00:16 +0200' date_gmt: '2017-10-30 15:00:16 +0200' categories: - DevOps - Docker - Continuous Delivery tags: - Docker - Continuous Delivery - CI - CD - Continuous Deployment - SaaS - Software as a Service comments: [] --- {% raw %}
This post was originally published here.
Here at Caylent, we believe one of the major keys to successful DevOps implementation is the complete automation of Continuous Delivery (CD) and Continuous Deployment. Achieving full CD with your IT team unlocks many of the benefits that the DevOps ecosystem has to offer and ensures that you release code swiftly and with fewer errors.
Supported by the findings in the 2017 State of DevOps report, with the combined power of CD and DevOps high-performing IT teams can deploy code 46X more frequently than low-performing ones. Furthermore, you gain:
CD aims to significantly reduce your risk level by enabling deployment of small, high-quality batches of code quickly and sustainably. The concept works in line with Continuous Integration, which focuses on helping your team prepare for deployment with ease.
A very interesting theory to note is that CD has also been demonstrated to positively impact the level of happiness and engagement of your team.
Put simply, a better work process = high-quality code = high-quality products = happy customers = happy IT team.
The difference between the two is minimal, and often, the terms are used interchangeably; the variation only comes in at staging or pre-production with a manual acceptance test for Continuous Delivery. At this point, the product owner will manually merge and push the code to production.
Docker gives us the ability to build and distribute immutable artifacts so that we can retain the exact same build artifact through testing, pre-production, and production. In comparison to Chef, Puppet or other general server builders, Docker allows users to build first then push to servers, whereas Chef and Puppet users must build and modify the servers in real time. Once built, Docker allows you to move an artifact through the pipeline intact.
This advantage improves the artifact’s robustness and reduces the risk of failures and blockages in the production pipeline. Building an immutable artifact once also allows us to test the image repeatedly via local, QA, staging, and production environments. Rollbacks occur in seconds rather than minutes, and deployments are fast and straightforward. Finally, Docker further decouples server config from application deployment.
Caylent’s best practices when it comes to using Docker to empower CD can be broken down into these 5 steps:
Where possible, build your packages once and once only. Then move your immutable artifact through your CD pipeline to test it from one repository to the next. As it migrates through the pipeline, leverage Docker’s tagging system to promote your image and gain the most stability for deployment.
Decouple your code, database migrations, and infrastructure changes to independent pushes. Keep them separate and your code chunks as small as possible.
Run your deployment types in the exact same manner in each environment, and in at least one environment that’s an identical mirror of production. Use the environment parameters and secrets within Docker to pass environment variables at run time without drastically changing your artifact. Consider changes to these as Infrastructure-level change.
Run tests as part of the container build process and automate the testing of all your deployments. Aim to combine builds and tests together to keep the log files intact and easy to decipher. If a build fails it will remain in the loop, rather than being promoted to the next environment.
Keep your stacks and environments similar. If you’re running massive web stacks on your production site, this may be difficult in development and staging, but things like your content delivery network (CDN), proxies, and caches should all be replicated in staging.
While Docker makes it easy to deploy code using CD, it’s important to follow these best practices to build, test and deploy correctly, rather than falling into bad habits.
In next week’s blog, we’ll cover the four main deployment types for Continuous Delivery with Docker. Click here for Docker and Continuous Delivery Deployment Types
Caylent is a SaaS platform that helps software teams manage containers, clouds, and microservices. It is designed as a converged platform for Devs and Ops to collaborate and deploy infrastructure and containerized applications across multiple environments and cloud providers.
{% endraw %}


Miras Holding
Backend Engineer Riyadh - Saudi Arabia
Design and develop real estate prototype (Hoosbaa) end to end using AngularJS (Frontend), Ruby on Rails (Middleware) and PostgreSQL (Backend). Design and deploy entire backend architecture on Amazon Web Services. Optimize solution performance using in-memory datastore and caching technologies; such as, Redis. Scale application to serve thousands of users using NGINX load balancing.
Use Machine Learning techniques and algorithms to expose trends from real- estate market data in Saudi Arabia.
Build UI/UX interfaces using latest front-end technologies; such as, Twitter Bootstrap, Angular Material, AngularJS, Yoman, and Grunt.


A library for piping values through transformations, in a type-safe way.
It's like pipe
from lodash and Ramda, but with partial application for better type safety. It also includes an asynchronous pipe function for dealing with promises.
npm i pipeout --save
# or
yarn add pipeout
import { pipe, pipeA } from "pipeout";
For these examples, we'll imagine we're building a set of functions for counting and filtering marbles. For the full example, see readme.test.ts.
pipe
and pipe
work with synchronous data (which is not wrapped in a promise).
Here's an example trying to find how many red marbles are in a list.
pipe
pipe
is a basic pipe, like |>
in Haskell or Elixir. The first value passed in is a value to transform. After that you can pass a series of transformer functions by using the thru
method. Each one will transform the value returned from the previous function, and return an object you can call .thru
on again to pipe again, or call .value()
on to get the transformed value.
import { pipe } from "pipeout";
const redCount = pipe(marbles)
.thru(filterReds)
.thru(getLength)
.value();
Note
Since pipe
is a pretty common function name in libraries
(like RxJS),
pipe
is aliased as pip
for convenience.
import { pip } from "pipeout";`
pipe.thru
pipe
in Lodash or Ramda works a little differently. Instead of passing in the value to transform immediately, it just takes a list of functions, and returns a function that will run the transformations when called. In functional programming this is called a "point-free function", and is good for situations where you're defining a function that will be run later.
If you want the same thing in pipeout
, then instead of calling pipe()
, call pipe.thru
. You still chain together functions with .thru
, but now calling the resulting function will run the pipeline.
import { pipe } from "pipeout";
const redCounter = pipe.thru(filterReds).thru(getLength);
const redCount = redCounter(marbles);
Immutable pipes
Calling .thru
returns a new function, so if you have a reference to a pipe, calling .thru
on it won't mutate the original function.
import { pipe } from "pipeout";
const getSmallReds = pipe.thru(onlyRed).thru(onlySmall);
const smallRedCounter = getSmallReds.thru(getLength);
const smallReds = getSmallReds(marbles);
const smallRedCount = smallRedCounter(marbles);
There are also asynchronous variants, pipeA
and pipeA.thru
.
These will always result in a promise, and will work whether your values and functions are synchronous or asynchronous.
All transformer functions should take a value, and can return a value OR a promise.
The starting value can be a promise or a value.
For this example, we'll imagine that getting the user's marbles and getting the user's favorite color are asynchronous API operations.
pipeA
import { pipeA } from "pipeout";
const redCount = await pipeA(user)
.thru(fetchMarbles)
.thru(filterForFavoriteColor)
.thru(getLength)
.value();
pipeA.thru
import { pipeA } from "pipeout";
const redCounter = pipeA
.thru(fetchMarbles)
.thru(filterForFavoriteColor)
.thru(getLength);
const redCount = await redCounter(user);
Because pipeA
chains together promises, you can handle promise errors as normal.
You can .catch
errors:
const redCounter = pipeA
.thru(fetchMarbles)
.thru(filterForFavoriteColor)
.thru(getLength);
const redCount = await redCounter(Promise.resolve(user));
Or handle them with async/await and try/catch:
const redCounter = pipeA
.thru(fetchMarblesWillFail)
.thru(filterForFavoriteColor)
.thru(getLength);
try {
await redCounter(Promise.resolve(user));
} catch (error) {
expect(error).toBe("you've lost your marbles!");
}
To handle errors in a more type-safe way, check out result-async. It's designed to work with asynchronous pipe
functions like Pipeout's, and is built around promises that always resolve to a Result
type.
In JavaScript, the traditional pipe
function in a variadic function that takes any number of unary transformer functions, and returns a function that pipes a value through each transformer.
It usually looks a little like this:
pipe(
a,
b,
c
)(value);
That works pretty well! But creating TypeScript typings for it is a pain, as you have to declare a separate overload for every possible arity, like these Ramda types:
pipe<T1>(fn0: () => T1): () => T1;
pipe<V0, T1>(fn0: (x0: V0) => T1): (x0: V0) => T1;
pipe<V0, V1, T1>(fn0: (x0: V0, x1: V1) => T1): (x0: V0, x1: V1) => T1;
pipe<V0, V1, V2, T1>(fn0: (x0: V0, x1: V1, x2: V2) => T1): (x0: V0, x1: V1, x2: V2) => T1;
...
What a pain to maintain! Pipeout takes a different approach. pipe
is mostly useful for curried functions - so why not curry pipe
itself? pipeout.pipe.thru
is essentially a recursive curried function. It takes a single function, and returns a version of pipe
that already has the first function in memory. So you can keep calling .thru
, passing in more transformers. When you're done setting up functions, you call .run
with an argument, and it passing your value through all the functions.
That means we can write the same thing like this:
pipe
.thru(a)
.thru(b)
.thru(c)(value);
It's type-safe, no matter how many functions you add in. And the type is nice and simple, instead of the long overloaded type from Ramda. Every call to pipe.thru
just returns this same recursive type:
export interface Piper<T, U> {
(value: T): U;
thru: <V>(transformer: Unary<U, V>) => Piper<T, V>;
}
It describes how you can call the function to transform T
to U
, or call .thru
to get a T
to V
pipeline instead. All the intermediate transformations aren't relevant, so they don't have to show up in the type. Simple!
yarn install
yarn test
yarn lint
yarn format
yarn build
Thanks to Ramda for their pipe
function, and mostly thanks to @sidke for coming up with the original idea for Pipeout, and working through the types with me.
Generated using TypeDoc


Reports expressions passed as arguments for
@Pattern
parameters and returned from
@Pattern
-annotated methods that do not match the specified pattern.
Example:
@Pattern("\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d") String getId() {
return
"1"; }


In today's world, people have been shifting from going to theaters to using streaming platforms at home.
Consumers can access their favorite shows more easily, without going to theaters or waiting for broadcasting schedule.
In the US, the number of movie tickets sold has been generally decreasing while Netflix subscriptions have been increasing.
The gap between the two are growing even more due to COVID-19 pandemic making people stay at home.
Movie:
t
Genre:
g
IMDb:
0
Runtime:
0
Count:
0
Different platforms have different target audiences, more specifically based on age and genre preference.
The pie chart breaks down what genres are popular in different platforms.
The pie chart also shows how the different genres differ based on age.
Different genres are popular among different age groups and streaming platforms need to have an understanding of what genres are popular among their target audience based on their age.
With various streaming platforms gaining popularity in today's world, streaming service market is set to grow more in the future.
As all our team members love using these platforms, we wanted to provide meaningful information and trends regrading this market.
We hope you enjoyed exploring the streaming service market!
With the rising popularity and importance of various streaming platforms including Netflix and Disney+ , OTT market has been evidently growing and the consumers are able to access their favorite shows more easily.
These growths have so much to offer to the companies as well as the consumers such as providing emotional relief. As people who received these values ourselves, we hope to provide meaningful information and trends regarding movies on multiple streaming platforms and hope that the OTT market continues to expand and provide positive utilities to its consumers.


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Methods
constructor()
Initialize Register class
- Source:
constructor()
Initialize Register class
error(message, code) → {error}
custom method for error handling. This method returns
the output of _throw from this class.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
message |
string | message / text of the error |
code |
int | the number that the error has |
Returns:
- Type
- error
getAll() → {object}
Get all the errors in the registry.
- Source:
Returns:
- returns all the errors in the registry
- Type
- object
getAllErrors() → {object}
Get the whole register with all the errors. This method returns
the output of getAll from the Register class.
Returns:
- Type
- object
getByNumber(number) → {object}
Get an error by it's number. This method returns
the output of getByNumber from the Register class.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
number |
int | the number of the error |
- Source:
- See:
Returns:
- Type
- object
getByNumber(number) → {string}
Get an error by it's number.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
number |
int | the number that the error has |
- Source:
Returns:
- returns the message of the error
- Type
- string
registerErrorWithNumber(description, number) → {true}
Register / set an error with a number. This method returns
the output of setErrorWithNumber from the Register class.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
description |
string | description text of the error |
number |
int | the number that the error will have |
- Source:
- See:
Throws:
-
- if thrown by setErrorWithNumber
- Type
- error
Returns:
- Type
- true
setErrorWithNumber(description, number) → {true}
Add an error message and corresponding number
to the registry.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
description |
string | description text of the error |
number |
int | the number that the error will have |
- Source:
Throws:
-
- throws error when incorrect arguments have been passed
- Type
- error
Returns:
- returns true if adding was successful
- Type
- true


Human Health Prognosis
Home
About
Cancer
Diabetes
Heart
Liver
Kidney
Malaria
Pneumonia
RESULT !!
{{ prediction }}
Want to know more about the Disease and its symptoms ?
Click Me !
EARLY DETECTION SAVES LIVES !!


I don't think you really want me to do whatever it was you were asking... How about you think that over and get back to me?
Please verify you have the right address and you are submitting all information correctly. If you came here from another page, there might be something wrong with the way that page is coded or you screwed up filling something out. (error 400)


Link to home
Link to the discord
DISCLAIMER: this is not intended to be a comprehensive list, but rather a set of pointers for the newcomers
HighTechLowLife - Find us on Github!


--- layout: page title: Material Design categories: - 官方新聞 upstream: https://telegram.org/blog/android-2-0 ---


# Zenora, a modern Python API wrapper for the Discord REST API
#
# Copyright (c) 2020 K.M Ahnaf Zamil
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
import typing
import abc
from ..channels import DMTextChannel, GuildTextChannel, GuildVoiceChannel
from ..users import User
[docs]class RESTAPI(abc.ABC):
"""Base interface for the implementation of the REST API."""
__slots__ = ["token", "token_type", "testing"]
def __init__(
self, token: str, token_type: str, testing: bool = False
) -> None:
self.token = token
self.token_type = token_type
self.testing = testing
[docs] @abc.abstractmethod
def get_channel(self, snowflake: int) -> typing.Any:
"""Fetch Dicord Channel
This has to be the channel snowflake ID
Parameters
----------
snowflake: int
The channel ID of the specific channel you want to fetch
Returns
-------
zenora.channels.GuildTextChannel
Zenora guild text channel object
zenora.channels.GuildVoiceChannel
Zenora guild voice channel object
zenora.channels.DMTextChannel
Zenora DM text channel object
"""
[docs] @abc.abstractmethod
def modify_channel(
self, snowflake: int, params: typing.Dict
) -> typing.Any:
"""Modify Discord Guild Channel
The snowflake parameter has to be the channel snowflake ID
Parameters
----------
snowflake: int
The channel ID of the specific channel you want to fetch
Parameters
----------
snowflake : int
The snowflake ID of the channel.
args: typing.Dict
A dictionary containing the changes to the current channel. Check this
link for all the changes applicable https://discord.com/developers/docs/resources/channel#modify-channel
"""
[docs] @abc.abstractmethod
def delete_channel(self, snowflake: int) -> typing.Any:
"""Delete Discord Guild Channel
The snowflake parameter has to be the channel snowflake ID
Parameters
----------
snowflake : int
The snowflake ID of the channel.
"""
[docs] @abc.abstractmethod
def get_user(self, snowflake: int) -> typing.Optional[User]:
"""Fetch Dicord User
This has to be the user's snowflake ID
Parameters
----------
snowflake: int
The ID of the Discord User
Returns
-------
zenora.users.User
Zenora user object
"""
[docs] @abc.abstractmethod
def get_my_dms(self) -> typing.List[DMTextChannel]:
"""Fetch the current Dicord user's DM channels
Returns
-------
typing.List
List of Zenora DMTextChannel objects
"""
[docs] @abc.abstractmethod
def modify_current_user(self, args: dict) -> typing.Optional[User]:
"""Modify current discord User
Parameters
----------
args: typing.Dict
A dictionary containing the changes to the current user. This has to be either
their username, avatar or both
Example
-------
.. code-block:: python
>>> some_api_instance.modify_current_user({'username' : 'FroggyMan', 'avatar' : 'https://cdn.discordapp.com/avatars/753561575532658738/0cf89f88a3ba4e226c6f1c72a9242dd8.png'})
User(id=753561575532658738, username=FroggyMan, discriminator=6423, avatar_url=https://cdn.discordapp.com/avatars/753561575532658738/380c68e7a6752e347ed875c2e11a05c4.png?size=1024,
flags=0, mention=<@753561575532658738>, bot=True, mfa_enabled=True, locale=en-US, verified=True,)
Returns
-------
zenora.users.User
Zenora user object
"""
[docs] @abc.abstractmethod
def create_dm(self, recipient_id: int) -> typing.Optional[DMTextChannel]:
"""Creates DM text channel with a specified user according to snowflake ID
Parameters
----------
recipient_id: int
The snowflake ID of the user with whom the DM would be opened
Returns
-------
zenora.channels.DMTextChannel
Zenora DM Text channel object
"""
[docs] @abc.abstractmethod
def leave_guild(self, snowflake: int) -> typing.Optional[None]:
"""Leave a Discord server (current user)
Parameters
----------
snowflake: int
The ID of the Discord Server
Returns
-------
None
"""


Being creative is what I do best. Taking care of clients and their needs is the most important thing to me. From business websites to blogs I have you covered. With knowledge of HTML5, CSS, JS, JQuery, and many other computer languages I have the tools to create your vision. I take pride in learning new languages and technology to make myself and your projects more dynamic, organized, and useful.
GitHub!We got the basics of HTML down so you don't have to.
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{% extends 'lecturer/base.html' %} {% block title %}Upload Page{% endblock %} {% block right_nav %}
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Programação assíncrona com HTTP
This section explains how to deal with asynchonism in a Play application to achieve typical long-polling, streaming and other Comet-style applications that can scale to thousands of concurrent connections.
Suspendendo requisições HTTP
Play is intended to work with very short requests. It uses a fixed thread pool to process requests queued by the HTTP connector. To get optimum results, the thread pool should be as small as possible. We typically use the optimum value of number of processors + 1
to set the default pool size.
That means that if a request’s processing time is very long (for example waiting for a long computation) it will block the thread pool and penalise your application’s responsiveness. Of course you could add more threads to the pool, but that would result in wasted resources, and anyway the pool size will never be infinite.
Consider a chat application where browsers send a blocking HTTP request that waits for a new message to display. These requests can be very very long (typically several seconds) and will block the thread pool. If you plan to allow 100 users to connect simultaneously to your chat application you will need to provision at least 100 threads. OK it’s feasible. But what about 1,000 users? Or 10,000?
To resolve these use cases, Play allows you to temporarily suspend a request. The HTTP request will stay connected, but the request execution will be popped out of the thread pool and tried again later. You can either tell Play to try the request later after a fixed delay, or wait for a Promise
value to be available.
Tip. You can see a real example in samples-and-tests/chat
.
For example, this action will launch a very long job and wait for its completion before returning the result to the HTTP response:
public static void generatePDF(Long reportId) {
Promise<InputStream> pdf = new ReportAsPDFJob(report).now();
InputStream pdfStream = await(pdf);
renderBinary(pdfStream);
}
Here we use await(…)
to ask Play to suspend the request until the Promise<InputStream>
value is redeemed.
Continuations
Because the framework needs to recover the thread you were using in order to use it to serve other requests, it has to suspend your code. In the previous Play version the await(…)
equivalent was waitFor(…)
, which suspended your action, and then called it again later from the beginning.
To make it easier to deal with asynchronous code we have introduced continuations. Continuations allow your code to be suspended and resumed transparently. So you write your code in a very imperative way, as:
public static void computeSomething() {
Promise<String> delayedResult = veryLongComputation(…);
String result = await(delayedResult);
render(result);
}
In fact here, your code will be executed in two steps, in two different threads. But as you see, it is transparent to your application code.
Using await(…)
and continuations, you could write a loop:
public static void loopWithoutBlocking() {
for(int i=0; i<=10; i++) {
Logger.info(i);
await("1s");
}
renderText("Loop finished");
}
While using only one thread to process requests, the default in development mode, Play is able to run concurrently these loops for several requests at the same time.
A more realistic example is asynchronously fetching content from remote URLs. The following example, performs three remote HTTP requests in parallel: each call to the play.libs.WS.WSRequest.getAsync()
method executes a GET request asynchronously and returns a play.libs.F.Promise
. The action method suspends the incoming HTTP request by calling await(…)
on the combination of the three Promise
instances. When all three remote calls have a response, a thread will resume processing and render a response.
public class AsyncTest extends Controller {
public static void remoteData() {
F.Promise<WS.HttpResponse> r1 = WS.url("http://example.org/1").getAsync();
F.Promise<WS.HttpResponse> r2 = WS.url("http://example.org/2").getAsync();
F.Promise<WS.HttpResponse> r3 = WS.url("http://example.org/3").getAsync();
F.Promise<List<WS.HttpResponse>> promises = F.Promise.waitAll(r1, r2, r3);
// Suspend processing here, until all three remote calls are complete.
List<WS.HttpResponse> httpResponses = await(promises);
render(httpResponses);
}
}
Callbacks
A different way to implement the previous example of three asynchronous remote requests is to use a callback. This time, the call to await(…)
includes a play.libs.F.Action
implementation, which is a callback that is executed when the promises
are done.
public class AsyncTest extends Controller {
public static void remoteData() {
F.Promise<WS.HttpResponse> r1 = WS.url("http://example.org/1").getAsync();
F.Promise<WS.HttpResponse> r2 = WS.url("http://example.org/2").getAsync();
F.Promise<WS.HttpResponse> r3 = WS.url("http://example.org/3").getAsync();
F.Promise<List<WS.HttpResponse>> promises = F.Promise.waitAll(r1, r2, r3);
// Suspend processing here, until all three remote calls are complete.
await(promises, new F.Action<List<WS.HttpResponse>>() {
public void invoke(List<WS.HttpResponse> httpResponses) {
render(httpResponses);
}
});
}
}
Transmissão de resposta HTTP
Now that you can loop without blocking the request, you may want to send data to the browser as soon you have part of the result available. That is the point of the Content-Type:Chunked
HTTP response type. It allows to send your HTTP response several times using multiples chunks. The browser will receive these chunks as soon as they are published.
Using await(…)
and continuations, you can now achieve that using:
public static void generateLargeCSV() {
CSVGenerator generator = new CSVGenerator();
response.contentType = "text/csv";
while(generator.hasMoreData()) {
String someCsvData = await(generator.nextDataChunk());
response.writeChunk(someCsvData);
}
}
Even if the CSV generation takes one hour, Play is able to simultaneously process several requests using a single thread, sending back the generated data to the client as soon as they are available.
Usando WebSockets
WebSockets are a way to open a two-way communication channel between a browser and your application. On the browser side, you open a socket using a “ws://” url:
new Socket("ws://localhost:9000/helloSocket?name=Guillaume")
On the Play side you declare a WS route:
WS /helloSocket MyWebSocket.hello
MyWebSocket
is a WebSocketController
. A WebSocket controller is like a standard HTTP controller but handles different concepts.
- It has a request object, but no response object.
- It has access to the session, but read-only.
- It doesn’t have
renderArgs
,routeArgs
or flash scope. - It can read params only from the route pattern or from the QueryString.
- It has two communication channels: inbound and outbound.
When the client connects to the ws://localhost:9000/helloSocket
socket, Play will invoke the MyWebSocket.hello
action method. Once the MyWebSocket.hello
action method exits, the socket is closed.
So a very basic socket example would be:
public class MyWebSocket extends WebSocketController {
public static void hello(String name) {
outbound.send("Hello %s!", name);
}
}
In this example, when the client connects to the socket, it receives the ‘Hello Guillaume’ message, and then Play closes the socket.
Of course usually you don’t want to close the socket immediately. But it is easy to achieve using await(…)
and continuations.
For example a basic Echo server:
public class MyWebSocket extends WebSocketController {
public static void echo() {
while(inbound.isOpen()) {
WebSocketEvent e = await(inbound.nextEvent());
if(e instanceof WebSocketFrame) {
WebSocketFrame frame = (WebSocketFrame)e;
if(!e.isBinary) {
if(frame.textData.equals("quit")) {
outbound.send("Bye!");
disconnect();
} else {
outbound.send("Echo: %s", frame.textData);
}
}
}
if(e instanceof WebSocketClose) {
Logger.info("Socket closed!");
}
}
}
}
In this example, the nested ‘if’ and ‘cast’ soup was tedious to write and error prone.  Even for this simple case it is not easy to handle. And for more complicated cases where you combine several streams and have even more event types, it becomes a nightmare.
That’s why we have introduced a basic pattern matching in Java in the play.libs.F library.
So with some static imports, we can rewrite our previous echo sample as:
public static void echo() {
while(inbound.isOpen()) {
WebSocketEvent e = await(inbound.nextEvent());
for(String quit: TextFrame.and(Equals("quit")).match(e)) {
outbound.send("Bye!");
disconnect();
}
for(String message: TextFrame.match(e)) {
outbound.send("Echo: %s", message);
}
for(WebSocketClose closed: SocketClosed.match(e)) {
Logger.info("Socket closed!");
}
}
}
Continuing the discussion
Next, doing Requisições Ajax.


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https://github.com/babel/babel
MIT
https://github.com/babel/babel-loader
(none)
https://github.com/kazzkiq/CodeFlask
https://github.com/webpack-contrib/copy-webpack-plugin
https://github.com/webpack-contrib/css-loader
https://github.com/webpack-contrib/file-loader
https://github.com//kennethjiang/js-file-download
https://github.com/nodeca/js-yaml
http://github.com/Leaflet/Leaflet
BSD-2-Clause
https://github.com/Leaflet/Leaflet.draw
https://github.com/less/less.js
Apache-2.0
https://github.com/webpack-contrib/less-loader
https://github.com/webpack-contrib/mini-css-extract-plugin
http://github.com/iandotkelly/nlf
https://github.com/PrismJS/prism
https://github.com/webpack-contrib/style-loader
https://github.com/webpack/webpack
https://github.com/webpack/webpack-cli
https://github.com/webpack/webpack-dev-server
https://github.com/survivejs/webpack-merge


Territory Child Care Group Head Office
| 8920 0600 | |
| 10 Mel Road, Berrimah Northern Territory | |
| PO Box 332, Berrimah 0828 Northern Territory | |
|<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| |
| 8920 0600 | |
| 10 Mel Road, Berrimah Northern Territory | |
| PO Box 332, Berrimah 0828 Northern Territory | |
|<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| |
| 8927 1080 | |
| 175 Leanyer Drive, Leanyer Northern Territory | |
| PO Box 332, Berrimah 0828 Northern Territory | |
|<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| |
| 8920 0600 | |
| 10 Mel Road, Berrimah Northern Territory | |
| PO Box 332, Berrimah 0828 Northern Territory | |
|<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| |
|<EMAIL_ADDRESS>(Recruitment) |
| 8983 3290 | |
| Bees Creek Primary School, Sattler Road, Bees Creek Northern Territory | |
| PO Box 332, Berrimah 0828 Northern Territory | |
|<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| |


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Value Features
Smartphone/Internet
Mobile phone that can do multiple functions similar to those you might do with your regular computer.
SMS
Short message service: Less work time is required for communication, Fast way to perform something, cost effective way to send data, SMS notification can be automated.
GPS
Global positioning system that use signals transmitted by orbitting satellites to pinpoint a device's location and determine any movement over time.
USSD
it is free for all customers to use,rapid exchange of data,highly cost-effective for you to implement and run.
NFC-Card
a way of contactless communication between smart devices like smartphones or tablets and smart cards.
Smart card
A smart card is plastic card that contains an emedded computer chip which is able for storing and transmitting data.
RFID
Radio frequency identification refer to a technology where digital data encoded in tags and read by a reader via radio waves.
Computer/Internet
It is a digital machine that can perform multiple tasks at the same time.
QR-Code
simple and secured, convenient and innovative payment mode usable by scanning a QR (Quick Response) Code using QRys app on phones with a mobile camera
IVR
IVR system allow every customer to configure a personalized ivr message and prompt, use pre-recorded ivr message. Ivr route the caller to the right agent or department.
POS
Chip based pos terminal is less likely to be damaged compare to others, Due to quick payment, it saves time , it eliminates user errors and like others it does not require person to carry the cash.
Barcode
Data obtained through barcode is available rapidly, are extremely versatile, Using barcode eliminate the possibility of human error.


Bragg Park
[30, 60]
|
Naisbitt Auto Repair
[31, 60]
|
Kippins Row Fire Station
[32, 60]
|
Dodimead Bank
[33, 60]
|
St John's Hospital
[34, 60]
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Langbrick Street
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Guyatt Plaza
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the Revell Arms
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Club Spordel
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the Turpin Hotel
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Montague Alley
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Spurling Street
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Hellear Alley
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Mattick Towers
[33, 61]
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Robertson Walk Police Dept
[34, 61]
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Gristwood Lane
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the Brookman Arms
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the Bridge Museum
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Mawdley Avenue
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a carpark
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a junkyard
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Turner Walk Railway Station
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Lowndes Park
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Grills Cinema
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Rolls Road
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the Uzzell Museum
[38, 62]
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a carpark
[39, 62]
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the Hewlet Museum
[30, 63]
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Bidgood Way Police Dept
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Matthias General Hospital
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the Estlin Building
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wasteland
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Chamberlaine Street School
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Dore Street Police Dept
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the Tassell Monument
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Locket Walk Railway Station
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Eglen Drive
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Hembury Avenue
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the Prangnell Building
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St Sixtus's Church
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Horton Towers
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wasteland
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Gamis Auto Repair
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a cemetery
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Ellison Cinema
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Cogle Library
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the Piele Building
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Banting Towers
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a warehouse
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Gummer Bank
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Crespin Grove Railway Station
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the Beckley Hotel
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Thicke Crescent
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Air Temperature
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Soil Humidity
CarbonMonoxide
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Methane
Soil Analysis
pH
Nitrogen
Potassium
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Elevation
Result


"HE who wanders in the DARK
shall DAWN the world with his arsenal of LIGHT..."
--PROPHECY
Press [Z] to START
Hope the next one survives longer...
Press [Z] to RESTART
The DAWN breaks and YOU SURVIVED !
The PROPHECY came TRUE...
and what will happen TONIGHT ?
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Hello All
I am Sivananth
Working as a UI Developer in Techminds Group
and I am goning to give
a tech talk on
Future of Internet
1. Smart Home
2. Wearables
3. Smart Retail
2. Wearables
1. Tatoo's
2. Watchs
3. Rings
4. Glasees
5. Shirt and Shoes
3. Smart Retail


GMVectorizer can work as GUI application, command line tool or Automation server.
1. GUI application.
To vectorize an image open it with GMVectorizer program, click Vectorize button or Vectorization/Start menu item and save the document with desired vector format.
2. Command line tool.
You may create simple batch file and launch it from command line to vectorize a number of images with individual settings. See Batch mode for details.
3. Automation server.
The vectorizer functionality can be used by other programs via Automation. See ProgrammingReference for details.


java.lang.Math
In environments where reproducibility of results is required, java.lang.StrictMath should be used instead.
java.lang.StrictMath


Graphics
Introduction
NETMF provides excellent support for graphics through the Bitmap class (that we also supplement with our Glide library). It can draw various shapes, text, and images from BMPs, JPGs, and GIFs -- which can be obtained from the file system, network, or resources.
When drawing on a bitmap, everything is rendered on an in-memory object that can be quite large depending on your screen size. To transfer a bitmap object from memory to the screen, we need to call Flush on the bitmap object. Flush will only work if the size of the bitmap is exactly the size of the screen. If it is any other size, no image will be displayed.
Non-Native Support
Some smaller devices do not have a built in LCD controller. As a result, they can only use displays through a different type of bus, often SPI. Depending on your exact display, you may need to call a display specific function in its driver to draw on the scree. However, some SPI displays do support the Flush method on bitmaps, so be sure to consult your display documentation.
Display Configuration
In order to use a display, you must configure it. You can select the display type from FEZ Config on the LCD Configuration tab or you can execute the below code (make sure to select your actual display). After you set the configuration, the device must reboot for it to take effect. The Save method returns whether or not a reboot is needed.
If you are using a display that is not present under GHIDisplay, you will need to configure the properties on the Display object instead of calling the Populate method.
using GHI.Processor;
using Microsoft.SPOT.Hardware;
public class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
Display.Populate(Display.GHIDisplay.DisplayCP7);
if (Display.Save())
PowerState.RebootDevice(false);
//Display is now configured.
}
}
Drawing
The following example draws a line and an ellipse on the screen. The assemblies Microsoft.SPOT.Graphics and Microsoft.SPOT.TinyCore are required.
using Microsoft.SPOT;
using Microsoft.SPOT.Presentation;
using Microsoft.SPOT.Presentation.Media;
public class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
Bitmap lcd = new Bitmap(SystemMetrics.ScreenWidth, SystemMetrics.ScreenHeight);
lcd.DrawLine(Colors.Green, 1, 20, 20, 40, 40);
lcd.DrawEllipse(Colors.Blue, 5, 5, 5, 5);
lcd.Flush();
}
}
Text
The following code shows how to display text using NETMF. Since resources depend on your project's default namespace, make sure that you change the namespace in this example to match your namespace. If you do not currently have a font resource in your project, NETMF ships with two default fonts that you can add as a resource found in C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft .NET Micro Framework\v4.3\Fonts. You can find the NinaB font that we use below in that folder.
using Microsoft.SPOT;
using Microsoft.SPOT.Presentation;
using Microsoft.SPOT.Presentation.Media;
namespace your_namespace
{
public class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
Font font = Resources.GetFont(Resources.FontResources.NinaB);
Bitmap lcd = new Bitmap(SystemMetrics.ScreenWidth, SystemMetrics.ScreenHeight);
lcd.DrawText("Hello, World!", font, Colors.White, 0, 0);
lcd.Flush();
}
}
}
Adding new fonts to your application is very easy. TTL fonts can be converted to the simple font format used in NETMF using the TinyFont tool
SPI Displays
If you are using a G80 or Cerb based device and a SPI display, you can configure the device so that when you call Flush on a bitmap, it is automatically sent to the display.
If the ControlPin is provided, the draw window will automatically be set, the data byte will be sent, and the ControlPin will be set high for you when you call Flush. The display will also be initialized on the first call to Flush. Additionally, the backlight pin will automatically be set high if provided on the first call to Flush. Lastly, if ResetPin is provided, it will be toggled before initialization.
If your device does not have enough memory to create a bitmap for the entire screen, you can create a smaller one and only draw to a subset of the display. You can set the draw window on the display to match that new size and pick which position it is drawn at. Doing this multiple times allows you to draw the entire screen by moving the draw window around and redrawing the bitmap.
The below example shows how to do this on the FEZ Cerberus and requires the GHI.Hardware, Microsoft.SPOT.Graphics, and Microsoft.SPOT.Hardware assemblies. Make sure you properly set any pins other configuration below for your actual device bearing in mind the above considerations. If you are not using the DisplayN18, you must configure the display before first use and set the draw window before you call Flush every time.
using GHI.Pins;
using GHI.Processor;
using GHI.Utilities;
using Microsoft.SPOT;
using Microsoft.SPOT.Hardware;
using Microsoft.SPOT.Presentation.Media;
public class Program {
public static void Main() {
Display.Width = 128;
Display.Height = 160;
Display.Type = Display.DisplayType.Spi;
Display.CurrentRotation = Display.Rotation.Normal;
Display.BitmapFormat = Bitmaps.Format.Bpp16BgrLe;
Display.SpiModule = FEZCerberus.Socket5.SpiModule;
Display.ChipSelectPin = FEZCerberus.Socket5.Pin6;
Display.ResetPin = FEZCerberus.Socket5.Pin3;
Display.BacklightPin = FEZCerberus.Socket5.Pin4;
Display.ControlPin = FEZCerberus.Socket5.Pin5;
Display.Save();
var bmp = new Bitmap(Display.Width, Display.Height);
bmp.DrawEllipse(Colors.Red, 5, 5, 5, 5);
bmp.DrawEllipse(Colors.Green, 15, 5, 5, 5);
bmp.DrawEllipse(Colors.Blue, 25, 5, 5, 5);
}
}
Gadgeteer
When using Gadgeteer display modules, the SimpleGraphics interface is provided for you. It provides an API that is a bit easier to use than regular NETMF bitmaps. It is available as the SimpleGraphics property on every display.
The below example shows how to display an ellipse, line, and some text. Make sure that you change the namespace to match yours. Gadgeteer programs automatically add the NinaB font to your project so you do not need to worry about adding it yourself.
using GT = Gadgeteer;
namespace your_namespace
{
public partial class Program
{
void ProgramStarted()
{
this.displayCP7.SimpleGraphics.DisplayEllipse(GT.Color.Red, 1, GT.Color.Red, 5, 5, 5, 5);
this.displayCP7.SimpleGraphics.DisplayLine(GT.Color.Blue, 1, 20, 20, 40, 40);
this.displayCP7.SimpleGraphics.DisplayText("Hello, World!", Resources.GetFont(Resources.FontResources.NinaB), GT.Color.Green, 60, 60);
}
}
}


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A weak offering from the Coen brothers will usually still be head and shoulders above most other films, a point proven with O Brother, Where Art Thou?. Compared to any of the Coen's previous films, O Brother just doesn't measure up. But since the brothers have consistently made some of the best films over the last decade and a half, even something that doesn't seem up to their usual standards can tower over its competition.
O Brother, which is loosely based on Homer's `The Odyssey,' in set in 1937 Mississippi, where a rock-breaking chain gang appears on the screen after the nifty silent movie title cards used for the film's opening credits. Three of the convicts (apparently the only three white prisoners there) escape through a giant cornfield and are quickly involved in two very funny sight gags because of their still-shackled feet.
The fast-talking leader of the group is Everett Ulysses McGill (George Clooney, The Perfect Storm), who orchestrated the jailbreak because only four days remain before his `treasure' will be underwater. The treasure in question is from an armored car robbery McGill pulled off some years earlier, while the "underwater" comment remains somewhat of a mystery. In addition to the treasure, McGill also has some pretty serious issues with his hair, which he constantly slicks back with Dapper Dan's Pomade.
McGill's two sidekicks are Pete Hogwallop (John Turturro, Cradle Will Rock) and Delmar O'Donnel (Tim Blake Nelson, The Thin Red Line), two animated dimwits who specialize in hysterical slack-jawed expressions. The three men begin the trek to McGill's home, but first they come upon a strange black man speaking in riddles that foreshadow what the escaped cons are going to encounter over the next four days.

O Brother is full of all kinds of great ‘30s slang and mannerisms, plus some wonderful Southern accents. The music is first-rate, too, with most being penned by T-Bone Burnett (he was part of Bob Dylan's `Rolling Thunder Review') and Chris Thomas King, who appears in the film as a blues musician at a familiar crossroads after a certain appointment (his name is Johnson – Tommy, not Robert). And Roger Deakins' (Thirteen Days) lush photography is spellbinding, giving every scene in O Brother a golden glow that could translate to a golden night at next year's Oscar ceremony.
The negatives of O Brother are pretty minor.  From the color of the leaves and the dead corn stalks that make up the backgrounds of nearly every scene, it should be autumn, but a newspaper tells us it's the middle of July. The film also wags its tongue at P.E.T.A., showing some pretty bad stuff happening to animals for comedic value.
Surprisingly, O Brother is practically a musical, offering more than a couple of nicely orchestrated song and dance numbers. Also somewhat shocking is the strong performance from Clooney, who seems totally wrong for a role like this, but does an exceedingly good job. Turturro and the relatively unknown Nelson (he directs an upcoming version of Othello' – called O) deliver great performances, too. An interesting note: Turturro supplied the voice of Badalucco's dog when he played David Berkowitz in Summer of Sam.
1:46 – PG-13 for adult language, violence and some bad animal cruelty
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[gecode-users] Using/Implementing Advisors
Mikael Zayenz Lagerkvist
zayenz at gmail.com
Fri Oct 10 12:01:29 CEST 2008
On Fri, Oct 10, 2008 at 5:55 AM, David Przybilla <paranoic.pum at gmail.com> wrote:
> Is there any document about how to use/implement Advisors in Gecode?
There is no introductory documentation. The design and reasoning
behind advisors is reported in "Advisors for Incremental Propagation"
[1]. For examples of how to use advisors there are some propagators
that use them, for example the layered graph propagator (for regular
constraints, gecode/int/extensional/layered-graph.icc), the GAC-Schema
propagator (table constraints,
gecode/int/extensional/incremental.icc), and the Boolean linear
in-equation propagator (gecode/int/linear/bool-int.icc).
In general (not knowing what you intend to use it for), the typical
case is that a set of subscriptions to variables are replaced with a
corresponding set of advisors that react to modifications to the
variables. Typical use-cases might be to maintain some propagator
state and/or avoid scheduling the propagator when no propagation can
be done. There are a couple of things to keep in mind when writing a
propagator that uses advisors:
* The advise-function should follow the information in the documentation [2]
* The delta-information may be empty if the modifications to the
variable is very complex.
* The propagator should take care to recognize when it is subsumed.
* If an initial run of propagation is needed, a propagator not using
subscriptions needs to schedule itself on creation.
* Advisors are maintained in propagators using a Council, and if
needed are accessed using the Advisors-iterator.
And also, as always when doing a propagator, be sure to test it thoroughly.
Cheers,
Mikael
[1] http://www.gecode.org/paper.html?id=LagerkvistSchulte:CP:2007
[2] http://www.gecode.org/gecode-doc-latest/classGecode_1_1Propagator.html#93f6a78f3613c3afa9a7afe7984da89d
--
Mikael Zayenz Lagerkvist, http://www.ict.kth.se/~zayenz/
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