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KratosMultiphysics
KRATOS Multiphysics (Kratos) is a framework for building parallel, multi-disciplinary simulation software, aiming at modularity, extensibility, and high performance. Kratos is written in C++, and counts with an extensive Python interface.
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#include <embedded_fluid_element_discontinuous.h>
Public Member Functions | |
Life Cycle | |
| EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous (IndexType NewId=0) | |
| Default constuctor. More... | |
| EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous (IndexType NewId, const NodesArrayType &ThisNodes) | |
| Constructor using an array of nodes. More... | |
| EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous (IndexType NewId, Geometry< NodeType >::Pointer pGeometry) | |
| Constructor using a geometry object. More... | |
| EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous (IndexType NewId, Geometry< NodeType >::Pointer pGeometry, Properties::Pointer pProperties) | |
| Constuctor using geometry and properties. More... | |
| ~EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous () override | |
| Destructor. More... | |
Operations | |
| Element::Pointer | Create (IndexType NewId, NodesArrayType const &ThisNodes, Properties::Pointer pProperties) const override |
| Create a new element of this type. More... | |
| Element::Pointer | Create (IndexType NewId, Geometry< NodeType >::Pointer pGeom, Properties::Pointer pProperties) const override |
| Create a new element of this type using given geometry. More... | |
| void | Initialize (const ProcessInfo &rCurrentProcessInfo) override |
| Set up the element for solution. More... | |
| void | CalculateLocalSystem (MatrixType &rLeftHandSideMatrix, VectorType &rRightHandSideVector, const ProcessInfo &rCurrentProcessInfo) override |
| Calculates both LHS and RHS contributions. More... | |
| void | Calculate (const Variable< double > &rVariable, double &rOutput, const ProcessInfo &rCurrentProcessInfo) override |
| Computes an elemental double value. More... | |
| void | Calculate (const Variable< array_1d< double, 3 >> &rVariable, array_1d< double, 3 > &rOutput, const ProcessInfo &rCurrentProcessInfo) override |
| Computes an elemental 3 components array value. More... | |
| void | Calculate (const Variable< Vector > &rVariable, Vector &rOutput, const ProcessInfo &rCurrentProcessInfo) override |
| Computes an elemental vector value. More... | |
| void | Calculate (const Variable< Matrix > &rVariable, Matrix &rOutput, const ProcessInfo &rCurrentProcessInfo) override |
| Computes an elemental matrix value. More... | |
Inquiry | |
| int | Check (const ProcessInfo &rCurrentProcessInfo) const override |
Input and output | |
| const Parameters | GetSpecifications () const override |
| std::string | Info () const override |
| Turn back information as a string. More... | |
| void | PrintInfo (std::ostream &rOStream) const override |
| Print information about this object. More... | |
Protected Member Functions | |
Protected Operations | |
| void | InitializeGeometryData (EmbeddedDiscontinuousElementData &rData) const |
| Current element data structure initialization This method checks if the element is intersected and calls the elemental data filling methods accordingly. More... | |
| void | DefineStandardGeometryData (EmbeddedDiscontinuousElementData &rData) const |
| Non-intersected element geometry data fill This method sets the data structure geometry fields (shape functions, gradients, ...) for a non-intersected element. More... | |
| void | DefineCutGeometryData (EmbeddedDiscontinuousElementData &rData) const |
| Intersected element geometry data fill This method sets the data structure geometry fields (shape functions, gradients, interface normals, ...) for an intersected element. To do that, the modified shape functions utility is firstly created and then called to perform all operations on both, the positive and negative, sides of the element. More... | |
| void | DefineIncisedGeometryData (EmbeddedDiscontinuousElementData &rData) const |
| Intersected element geometry data fill This method sets the data structure geometry fields (shape functions, gradients, interface normals, ...) for an incised element. To do that, the modified shape functions utility is firstly created and then called to perform all operations on both, the positive and negative, sides of the element. More... | |
| void | NormalizeInterfaceNormals (typename EmbeddedDiscontinuousElementData::InterfaceNormalsType &rNormals, double Tolerance) const |
| For an intersected element, normalize the interface normals This method normalizes the interface normals for an intersected element. More... | |
| void | AddNormalPenaltyContribution (MatrixType &rLHS, VectorType &rRHS, const EmbeddedDiscontinuousElementData &rData) const |
| void | AddNormalSymmetricCounterpartContribution (MatrixType &rLHS, VectorType &rRHS, const EmbeddedDiscontinuousElementData &rData) const |
| void | AddTangentialPenaltyContribution (MatrixType &rLHS, VectorType &rRHS, const EmbeddedDiscontinuousElementData &rData) const |
| void | AddTangentialSymmetricCounterpartContribution (MatrixType &rLHS, VectorType &rRHS, const EmbeddedDiscontinuousElementData &rData) const |
| double | ComputeNormalPenaltyCoefficient (const EmbeddedDiscontinuousElementData &rData, const Vector &rN) const |
| std::pair< const double, const double > | ComputeTangentialPenaltyCoefficients (const EmbeddedDiscontinuousElementData &rData) const |
| std::pair< const double, const double > | ComputeTangentialNitscheCoefficients (const EmbeddedDiscontinuousElementData &rData) const |
Type Definitions | |
| typedef Node | NodeType |
| Node type (default is: Node) More... | |
| typedef Geometry< NodeType >::PointsArrayType | NodesArrayType |
| Definition of nodes container type, redefined from GeometryType. More... | |
| typedef Vector | VectorType |
| Vector type for local contributions to the linear system. More... | |
| typedef Matrix | MatrixType |
| Matrix type for local contributions to the linear system. More... | |
| typedef std::size_t | IndexType |
| typedef std::size_t | SizeType |
| typedef std::vector< std::size_t > | EquationIdVectorType |
| typedef std::vector< Dof< double >::Pointer > | DofsVectorType |
| typedef PointerVectorSet< Dof< double >, IndexedObject > | DofsArrayType |
| typedef Kratos::Vector | ShapeFunctionsType |
| Type for shape function values container. More... | |
| typedef Kratos::Matrix | ShapeFunctionDerivativesType |
| Type for a matrix containing the shape function gradients. More... | |
| typedef Geometry< NodeType >::ShapeFunctionsGradientsType | ShapeFunctionDerivativesArrayType |
| Type for an array of shape function gradient matrices. More... | |
| using | BaseElementData = typename TBaseElement::ElementData |
| using | EmbeddedDiscontinuousElementData = EmbeddedDiscontinuousData< BaseElementData > |
| constexpr static std::size_t | Dim = TBaseElement::Dim |
| constexpr static std::size_t | NumNodes = TBaseElement::NumNodes |
| constexpr static std::size_t | BlockSize = TBaseElement::BlockSize |
| constexpr static std::size_t | LocalSize = TBaseElement::LocalSize |
| constexpr static std::size_t | StrainSize = TBaseElement::StrainSize |
| KRATOS_CLASS_INTRUSIVE_POINTER_DEFINITION (EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous) | |
| Pointer definition of EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous. More... | |
Serialization | |
| class | Serializer |
| using Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::BaseElementData = typename TBaseElement::ElementData |
| typedef PointerVectorSet<Dof<double>, IndexedObject> Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::DofsArrayType |
| typedef std::vector< Dof<double>::Pointer > Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::DofsVectorType |
| using Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::EmbeddedDiscontinuousElementData = EmbeddedDiscontinuousData< BaseElementData > |
| typedef std::vector<std::size_t> Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::EquationIdVectorType |
| typedef std::size_t Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::IndexType |
| typedef Matrix Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::MatrixType |
Matrix type for local contributions to the linear system.
| typedef Geometry<NodeType>::PointsArrayType Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::NodesArrayType |
Definition of nodes container type, redefined from GeometryType.
| typedef Node Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::NodeType |
| typedef Geometry<NodeType>::ShapeFunctionsGradientsType Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::ShapeFunctionDerivativesArrayType |
Type for an array of shape function gradient matrices.
| typedef Kratos::Matrix Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::ShapeFunctionDerivativesType |
Type for a matrix containing the shape function gradients.
| typedef Kratos::Vector Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::ShapeFunctionsType |
Type for shape function values container.
| typedef std::size_t Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::SizeType |
| typedef Vector Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::VectorType |
Vector type for local contributions to the linear system.
| Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous | ( | IndexType | NewId = 0 | ) |
Default constuctor.
| NewId | Index number of the new element (optional) |
| Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous | ( | IndexType | NewId, |
| const NodesArrayType & | ThisNodes | ||
| ) |
Constructor using an array of nodes.
| NewId | Index of the new element |
| ThisNodes | An array containing the nodes of the new element |
| Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous | ( | IndexType | NewId, |
| Geometry< NodeType >::Pointer | pGeometry | ||
| ) |
Constructor using a geometry object.
| NewId | Index of the new element |
| pGeometry | Pointer to a geometry object |
| Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous | ( | IndexType | NewId, |
| Geometry< NodeType >::Pointer | pGeometry, | ||
| Properties::Pointer | pProperties | ||
| ) |
Constuctor using geometry and properties.
| NewId | Index of the new element |
| pGeometry | Pointer to a geometry object |
| pProperties | Pointer to the element's properties |
|
override |
Destructor.
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protected |
This method adds the no-penetration condition penalty level set contribution.
| rLHS | reference to the LHS matrix |
| rRHS | reference to the RHS vector |
| rData | reference to element data structure |
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protected |
This method adds the no-penetration condition adjoint term level set contribution.
| rLHS | reference to the LHS matrix |
| rRHS | reference to the RHS vector |
| rData | reference to element data structure |
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protected |
This method adds the tangential stress condition penalty level set contribution.
| rLHS | reference to the LHS matrix |
| rRHS | reference to the RHS vector |
| rData | reference to element data structure |
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protected |
This method adds the tangential stress condition adjoint term level set contribution.
| rLHS | reference to the LHS matrix |
| rRHS | reference to the RHS vector |
| rData | reference to element data structure |
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override |
Computes an elemental 3 components array value.
Given a 3 components array variable, this function computes its value inside de element. If the function has not implemented this variable computation, calls the base class one.
| rVariable | Variable to be computed |
| rOutput | Reference to the output array |
| rCurrentProcessInfo | Reference to the process info |
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override |
Computes an elemental double value.
Given a double variable, this function computes its value inside de element. If the function has not implemented this variable computation, calls the base class one.
| rVariable | Variable to be computed |
| rOutput | Reference to the output double |
| rCurrentProcessInfo | Reference to the process info |
|
override |
Computes an elemental matrix value.
Given a matrix variable, this function computes its value inside de element. If the function has not implemented this variable computation, calls the base class one.
| rVariable | Variable to be computed |
| rOutput | Reference to the output matrix |
| rCurrentProcessInfo | Reference to the process info |
|
override |
Computes an elemental vector value.
Given a vector variable, this function computes its value inside de element. If the function has not implemented this variable computation, calls the base class one.
| rVariable | Variable to be computed |
| rOutput | Reference to the output vector |
| rCurrentProcessInfo | Reference to the process info |
|
override |
Calculates both LHS and RHS contributions.
Computes the LHS and RHS elementar matrices. If the element is split includes the contribution of the level set boundary condition imposition.
| rLeftHandSideMatrix | reference to the LHS matrix |
| rRightHandSideVector | reference to the RHS vector |
| rCurrentProcessInfo | reference to the ProcessInfo |
|
override |
|
protected |
This method computes the penalty coefficient for the Nitsche normal imposition
| rData | reference to element data structure |
| rN | the current Gauss pt. shape functions vector |
|
protected |
This method computes the Nitsche coefficients for the Nitsche tangential imposition
| rData | reference to element data structure |
|
protected |
This method computes the Nitsche coefficients for the Nitsche normal imposition
| rData | reference to element data structure |
|
override |
Create a new element of this type using given geometry.
Returns a pointer to a new FluidElement element, created using given input
| NewId | the ID of the new element |
| pGeom | a pointer to the geomerty to be used to create the element |
| pProperties | the properties assigned to the new element |
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override |
Create a new element of this type.
Returns a pointer to a new EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous element, created using given input
| NewId | the ID of the new element |
| ThisNodes | the nodes of the new element |
| pProperties | the properties assigned to the new element |
|
protected |
Intersected element geometry data fill This method sets the data structure geometry fields (shape functions, gradients, interface normals, ...) for an intersected element. To do that, the modified shape functions utility is firstly created and then called to perform all operations on both, the positive and negative, sides of the element.
| rData | reference to the element data structure |
|
protected |
Intersected element geometry data fill This method sets the data structure geometry fields (shape functions, gradients, interface normals, ...) for an incised element. To do that, the modified shape functions utility is firstly created and then called to perform all operations on both, the positive and negative, sides of the element.
| rData | reference to the element data structure |
|
protected |
Non-intersected element geometry data fill This method sets the data structure geometry fields (shape functions, gradients, ...) for a non-intersected element.
| rData | reference to the element data structure |
|
override |
|
override |
Turn back information as a string.
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override |
Set up the element for solution.
For EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous, this initializes the discontinuous level set (ELEMENTAL_DISTANCES) and the nodal imposed velocity (EMBEDDED_VELOCITY)
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protected |
Current element data structure initialization This method checks if the element is intersected and calls the elemental data filling methods accordingly.
| rData | reference to the element data structure |
| Kratos::EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement >::KRATOS_CLASS_INTRUSIVE_POINTER_DEFINITION | ( | EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous< TBaseElement > | ) |
Pointer definition of EmbeddedFluidElementDiscontinuous.
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protected |
For an intersected element, normalize the interface normals This method normalizes the interface normals for an intersected element.
| rNormals | interface normals container |
| Tolerance | tolerance to avoid division by 0 when normalizing |
|
override |
Print information about this object.
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friend |
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staticconstexpr |
|
staticconstexpr |
|
staticconstexpr |
|
staticconstexpr |
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staticconstexpr |


Feature Request: Ability to filter only tags in current file
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Mario Grgic
Command-T can currently filter all tags with :CommandTTag command. However, this is not that useful, since for large project ctags generated tag file can have over million entries and invoking this command brings Vim to a crawl for tens of minutes.
What would be more useful for quick navigation by method name in current file is for Command-T to be able to filter by tags only in current file.
It doesn't look like this would be too hard to implement. command-t/scanner/tag_scanner.rb already uses Vim's built in function taglist({expr}) to generate the list of tags to search. Instead of calling taglist("."), ctags could be invoked directly on the current file. Something like the following shell function will list methods/functions in the file specified
methods () { if [[ $# == 0 ]]; then echo "Usage: methods files"; else ctags -f - --excmd=pattern --format=2 --fields=nKs --sort=yes "$@" | awk -F'\t' '/method|function/ {print $1}'; fi }
Another alternative is to user Vim's tagfiles() function to get the handle on all the tag files (relative to current dir) and extract all tags pertinent to the current file.
Reply
This topic is now closed.


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{% trans "This proposed public body has not been confirmed yet and is therefore not available for requests. You can adjust the properties and confirm or delete the public body below." %}
{% endif %} {% endblock %} {% block scripts %} {{ block.super }} {% endblock %}


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The Spence Collection
How art can change your life.
Jim Shaw
Website:
Discovery
Artworks in the Spence Collection
"Billys Self-Portrait, #1 (Famous Monsters cover)"
Created 198600 Created 198600
Christ in Dali Vision
Created 198800 Created 198800
Dreams: Chris Wilder's Mom...
Created 1993 Created 1993
Face Drawing
Footprints of Narcissus
Created 198800 Created 198800
Footprints of Narcissus
Created 198800 Created 198800
Jesus' Life As a Boy
Created 198600 Created 198600
Meditation Object
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My Mirage
Created 198600 Created 198600
The Andersons (Videotape)
The Dog Ate My Homework [lost]
Created 198600 Created 198600
The Forest
Created 199000 Created 199000
The Dog Ate My Homework
Created 198600 Created 198600
The Soft Margarine
Created 198800 Created 198800
Photo of The Soft Margarine
Created 198800 Created 198800
Tree Of Knowledge
Created 198800 Created 198800
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You Break It You Bought It!
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| Package | Description |
|---|---|
| org.apache.bcel.generic |
This package contains the "generic" part of the
Byte Code Engineering
Library, i.e., classes to dynamically modify class objects and
byte code instructions.
|
| org.apache.bcel.util |
This package contains utility classes for the
Byte Code Engineering
Library, namely:
Collection classes for JavaClass objects
A converter for class files to HTML
A tool to find instructions patterns via regular expressions
A class to find classes as defined in the CLASSPATH
A class loader that allows to create classes at run time
|
| org.apache.bcel.verifier.structurals |
Provides a PassVerifier class mostly used internally by JustIce, yielding a control flow graph for public use as
a nice side effect.
|
| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
class |
BranchHandle
BranchHandle is returned by specialized InstructionList.append() whenever a
BranchInstruction is appended.
|
| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
protected InstructionHandle |
BranchInstruction.target
Deprecated.
(since 6.0) will be made private; do not access directly, use getter/setter
|
protected InstructionHandle[] |
Select.targets
Deprecated.
(since 6.0) will be made private; do not access directly, use getter/setter
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.append(CompoundInstruction c)
Append a compound instruction.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.append(Instruction i)
Append an instruction to the end of this list.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.append(Instruction i,
CompoundInstruction c)
Append a compound instruction, after instruction i.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.append(InstructionHandle ih,
CompoundInstruction c)
Append a compound instruction.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.append(InstructionHandle ih,
Instruction i)
Append an instruction after instruction (handle) ih contained in this list.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.append(InstructionHandle ih,
InstructionList il)
Append another list after instruction (handle) ih contained in this list.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.append(Instruction i,
Instruction j)
Append a single instruction j after another instruction i, which must be in this list of course!
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.append(Instruction i,
InstructionList il)
Append another list after instruction i contained in this list.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.append(InstructionList il)
Append another list to this one.
|
static InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.findHandle(InstructionHandle[] ihs,
int[] pos,
int count,
int target)
Find the target instruction (handle) that corresponds to the given target position (byte code offset).
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.findHandle(int pos)
Get instruction handle for instruction at byte code position pos.
|
InstructionHandle |
LocalVariableGen.getEnd() |
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.getEnd() |
InstructionHandle |
CodeExceptionGen.getEndPC() |
InstructionHandle |
CodeExceptionGen.getHandlerPC() |
InstructionHandle |
LineNumberGen.getInstruction() |
InstructionHandle[] |
InstructionList.getInstructionHandles() |
InstructionHandle |
InstructionHandle.getNext() |
InstructionHandle |
InstructionHandle.getPrev() |
InstructionHandle |
LocalVariableGen.getStart() |
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.getStart() |
InstructionHandle |
CodeExceptionGen.getStartPC() |
InstructionHandle |
ReturnaddressType.getTarget() |
InstructionHandle |
BranchInstruction.getTarget() |
InstructionHandle |
BranchHandle.getTarget() |
InstructionHandle[] |
TargetLostException.getTargets() |
InstructionHandle[] |
Select.getTargets() |
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.insert(CompoundInstruction c)
Insert a compound instruction.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.insert(Instruction i)
Insert an instruction at start of this list.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.insert(Instruction i,
CompoundInstruction c)
Insert a compound instruction before instruction i.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.insert(InstructionHandle ih,
CompoundInstruction c)
Insert a compound instruction.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.insert(InstructionHandle ih,
Instruction i)
Insert an instruction before instruction (handle) ih contained in this list.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.insert(InstructionHandle ih,
InstructionList il)
Insert another list before Instruction handle ih contained in this list.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.insert(Instruction i,
Instruction j)
Insert a single instruction j before another instruction i, which must be in this list of course!
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.insert(Instruction i,
InstructionList il)
Insert another list before Instruction i contained in this list.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.insert(InstructionList il)
Insert another list.
|
InstructionHandle |
JsrInstruction.physicalSuccessor()
Returns an InstructionHandle to the physical successor
of this JsrInstruction.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
Iterator<InstructionHandle> |
InstructionList.iterator() |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
CodeExceptionGen |
MethodGen.addExceptionHandler(InstructionHandle start_pc,
InstructionHandle end_pc,
InstructionHandle handler_pc,
ObjectType catch_type)
Add an exception handler, i.e., specify region where a handler is active and an
instruction where the actual handling is done.
|
LineNumberGen |
MethodGen.addLineNumber(InstructionHandle ih,
int src_line)
Give an instruction a line number corresponding to the source code line.
|
LocalVariableGen |
MethodGen.addLocalVariable(String name,
Type type,
InstructionHandle start,
InstructionHandle end)
Adds a local variable to this method and assigns an index automatically.
|
LocalVariableGen |
MethodGen.addLocalVariable(String name,
Type type,
int slot,
InstructionHandle start,
InstructionHandle end)
Adds a local variable to this method.
|
BranchHandle |
InstructionList.append(InstructionHandle ih,
BranchInstruction i)
Append an instruction after instruction (handle) ih contained in this list.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.append(InstructionHandle ih,
CompoundInstruction c)
Append a compound instruction.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.append(InstructionHandle ih,
Instruction i)
Append an instruction after instruction (handle) ih contained in this list.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.append(InstructionHandle ih,
InstructionList il)
Append another list after instruction (handle) ih contained in this list.
|
boolean |
InstructionList.contains(InstructionHandle i) |
boolean |
Select.containsTarget(InstructionHandle ih) |
boolean |
LocalVariableGen.containsTarget(InstructionHandle ih) |
boolean |
LineNumberGen.containsTarget(InstructionHandle ih) |
boolean |
InstructionTargeter.containsTarget(InstructionHandle ih)
Checks whether this targeter targets the specified instruction handle.
|
boolean |
CodeExceptionGen.containsTarget(InstructionHandle ih) |
boolean |
BranchInstruction.containsTarget(InstructionHandle ih) |
static BranchInstruction |
InstructionFactory.createBranchInstruction(short opcode,
InstructionHandle target)
Create branch instruction by given opcode, except LOOKUPSWITCH and TABLESWITCH.
|
void |
InstructionList.delete(InstructionHandle ih)
Remove instruction from this list.
|
void |
InstructionList.delete(InstructionHandle from,
InstructionHandle to)
Remove instructions from instruction `from' to instruction `to' contained in this list.
|
static InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.findHandle(InstructionHandle[] ihs,
int[] pos,
int count,
int target)
Find the target instruction (handle) that corresponds to the given target position (byte code offset).
|
protected int |
BranchInstruction.getTargetOffset(InstructionHandle _target) |
BranchHandle |
InstructionList.insert(InstructionHandle ih,
BranchInstruction i)
Insert an instruction before instruction (handle) ih contained in this list.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.insert(InstructionHandle ih,
CompoundInstruction c)
Insert a compound instruction.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.insert(InstructionHandle ih,
Instruction i)
Insert an instruction before instruction (handle) ih contained in this list.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionList.insert(InstructionHandle ih,
InstructionList il)
Insert another list before Instruction handle ih contained in this list.
|
void |
InstructionList.move(InstructionHandle ih,
InstructionHandle target)
Move a single instruction (handle) to a new location.
|
void |
InstructionList.move(InstructionHandle start,
InstructionHandle end,
InstructionHandle target)
Take all instructions (handles) from "start" to "end" and append them after the new location "target".
|
void |
InstructionList.redirectBranches(InstructionHandle old_target,
InstructionHandle new_target)
Redirect all references from old_target to new_target, i.e., update targets of branch instructions.
|
void |
InstructionList.redirectExceptionHandlers(CodeExceptionGen[] exceptions,
InstructionHandle old_target,
InstructionHandle new_target)
Redirect all references of exception handlers from old_target to new_target.
|
void |
InstructionList.redirectLocalVariables(LocalVariableGen[] lg,
InstructionHandle old_target,
InstructionHandle new_target)
Redirect all references of local variables from old_target to new_target.
|
void |
LocalVariableGen.setEnd(InstructionHandle end) |
void |
CodeExceptionGen.setEndPC(InstructionHandle end_pc) |
void |
CodeExceptionGen.setHandlerPC(InstructionHandle handler_pc) |
void |
LineNumberGen.setInstruction(InstructionHandle ih) |
void |
LocalVariableGen.setStart(InstructionHandle start) |
void |
CodeExceptionGen.setStartPC(InstructionHandle start_pc) |
void |
BranchInstruction.setTarget(InstructionHandle target)
Set branch target
|
void |
BranchHandle.setTarget(InstructionHandle ih)
Pass new target to instruction.
|
void |
Select.setTarget(int i,
InstructionHandle target)
Set branch target for `i'th case
|
void |
Select.updateTarget(InstructionHandle old_ih,
InstructionHandle new_ih) |
void |
LocalVariableGen.updateTarget(InstructionHandle old_ih,
InstructionHandle new_ih) |
void |
LineNumberGen.updateTarget(InstructionHandle old_ih,
InstructionHandle new_ih) |
void |
InstructionTargeter.updateTarget(InstructionHandle old_ih,
InstructionHandle new_ih)
Replaces the target of this targeter from this old handle to the new handle.
|
void |
CodeExceptionGen.updateTarget(InstructionHandle old_ih,
InstructionHandle new_ih) |
void |
BranchInstruction.updateTarget(InstructionHandle old_ih,
InstructionHandle new_ih) |
void |
BranchHandle.updateTarget(InstructionHandle old_ih,
InstructionHandle new_ih)
Update target of instruction.
|
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
BranchInstruction(short opcode,
InstructionHandle target)
Common super constructor
|
CodeExceptionGen(InstructionHandle start_pc,
InstructionHandle end_pc,
InstructionHandle handler_pc,
ObjectType catch_type)
Add an exception handler, i.e., specify region where a handler is active and an
instruction where the actual handling is done.
|
GOTO_W(InstructionHandle target) |
GOTO(InstructionHandle target) |
IF_ACMPEQ(InstructionHandle target) |
IF_ACMPNE(InstructionHandle target) |
IF_ICMPEQ(InstructionHandle target) |
IF_ICMPGE(InstructionHandle target) |
IF_ICMPGT(InstructionHandle target) |
IF_ICMPLE(InstructionHandle target) |
IF_ICMPLT(InstructionHandle target) |
IF_ICMPNE(InstructionHandle target) |
IFEQ(InstructionHandle target) |
IFGE(InstructionHandle target) |
IFGT(InstructionHandle target) |
IfInstruction(short opcode,
InstructionHandle target) |
IFLE(InstructionHandle target) |
IFLT(InstructionHandle target) |
IFNE(InstructionHandle target) |
IFNONNULL(InstructionHandle target) |
IFNULL(InstructionHandle target) |
JSR_W(InstructionHandle target) |
JSR(InstructionHandle target) |
LineNumberGen(InstructionHandle ih,
int src_line)
Create a line number.
|
LocalVariableGen(int index,
String name,
Type type,
InstructionHandle start,
InstructionHandle end)
Generate a local variable that with index `index'.
|
LOOKUPSWITCH(int[] match,
InstructionHandle[] targets,
InstructionHandle defaultTarget) |
LOOKUPSWITCH(int[] match,
InstructionHandle[] targets,
InstructionHandle defaultTarget) |
ReturnaddressType(InstructionHandle returnTarget)
Creates a ReturnaddressType object with a target.
|
SWITCH(int[] match,
InstructionHandle[] targets,
InstructionHandle target) |
SWITCH(int[] match,
InstructionHandle[] targets,
InstructionHandle target) |
SWITCH(int[] match,
InstructionHandle[] targets,
InstructionHandle target,
int max_gap)
Template for switch() constructs.
|
SWITCH(int[] match,
InstructionHandle[] targets,
InstructionHandle target,
int max_gap)
Template for switch() constructs.
|
TABLESWITCH(int[] match,
InstructionHandle[] targets,
InstructionHandle defaultTarget) |
TABLESWITCH(int[] match,
InstructionHandle[] targets,
InstructionHandle defaultTarget) |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
boolean |
InstructionFinder.CodeConstraint.checkCode(InstructionHandle[] match) |
Iterator<InstructionHandle[]> |
InstructionFinder.search(String pattern,
InstructionHandle from)
Start search beginning from `from'.
|
Iterator<InstructionHandle[]> |
InstructionFinder.search(String pattern,
InstructionHandle from,
InstructionFinder.CodeConstraint constraint)
Search for the given pattern in the instruction list.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
InstructionHandle[] |
Subroutine.getEnteringJsrInstructions()
Returns all the JsrInstructions that have the
first instruction of this subroutine as their target.
|
InstructionHandle |
ExceptionHandler.getHandlerStart()
Returns the InstructionHandle where the handler starts off.
|
InstructionHandle |
InstructionContext.getInstruction()
Returns the InstructionHandle this InstructionContext is wrapped around.
|
InstructionHandle[] |
Subroutine.getInstructions()
Returns all instructions that together form this subroutine.
|
InstructionHandle |
Subroutine.getLeavingRET()
Returns the one and only RET that leaves the subroutine.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
boolean |
Subroutine.contains(InstructionHandle inst)
Returns if the given InstructionHandle refers to an instruction
that is part of this subroutine.
|
InstructionContext |
ControlFlowGraph.contextOf(InstructionHandle inst)
Returns the InstructionContext of a given instruction.
|
InstructionContext[] |
ControlFlowGraph.contextsOf(InstructionHandle[] insts)
Returns the InstructionContext[] of a given InstructionHandle[],
in a naturally ordered manner.
|
ExceptionHandler[] |
ExceptionHandlers.getExceptionHandlers(InstructionHandle ih)
Returns all the ExceptionHandler instances representing exception
handlers that protect the instruction ih.
|
Subroutine |
Subroutines.getSubroutine(InstructionHandle leader)
Returns the Subroutine object associated with the given
leader (that is, the first instruction of the subroutine).
|
boolean |
ControlFlowGraph.isDead(InstructionHandle i)
Returns true, if and only if the said instruction is not reachable; that means,
if it is not part of this ControlFlowGraph.
|
Subroutine |
Subroutines.subroutineOf(InstructionHandle any)
Returns the subroutine object associated with the
given instruction.
|
Copyright © 2004–2016 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.


If you see this page, the niutal-ui web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.
For online documentation and support please refer to niutal-ui-v5-1.1.0.
Thank you for using niutal-ui-v5.


This past week’s NFL divisional playoff round was probably the best weekend of football that I can remember watching, with twists and turns in every game, and the weekend concluding with the Chiefs and Bills having a record setting last two minutes. However, as many statisticians know, feelings don’t always match reality. I wanted to use NFL win probability data from games during this season to see if this weekend’s playoff games were as wild as I felt they were.
Luckily, the nflfastR package makes it incredibly easy to collect data and get predicted win probabilities throughout each game, using their model trained using xgboost. There is also public code generously provided by Geoffrey Grosenbach to help us prepare the data for the model.
We will first load the necessary libraries and download the data. Note you can change the year to any year (until 1999) if you want to collect more data. This data contains information on every play of the NFL season!
library(nflfastR)
library(tidyverse)
year <- 2021
url = str_interp(
"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/guga31bb/nflfastR-data/master/data/play_by_play_${year}.rds"
)
win_prob_dir <- 'win_prob_data'
if(!dir.exists(win_prob_dir)) {
dir.create(win_prob_dir)
}
local_filename = str_interp(file.path(win_prob_dir, "play_by_play_${year}.rds"))
if (!file.exists(local_filename)) {
download.file(url, local_filename)
}
We can then read in the play-by-play data from 2021, create an indictor for whether the home team is the team that is on offense for a given play (posteam). We do this because the model will give us the win probability for the team that’s on offense, but we will need to convert this into the win probability for the home team.
wp_data <-
readRDS(str_interp(file.path(win_prob_dir, "play_by_play_${year}.rds"))) %>%
dplyr::mutate(
# create home indicator used in model
home = ifelse(posteam == home_team, 1, 0)
) %>%
# creates Diff_Time_Ratio and spread_time
nflfastR:::prepare_wp_data()
We will then select the columns needed for the win probability model to give us our predictions, filter out plays which have missing data that will affect the win probability predictions, as well as excluding overtime plays. We feed this data into the nflfastR function calculate_win_probability, which will add a the win probability to our data as a column titled wp. We finally will transform the win probability for the team on offense to the win probability for the home team.
cols_for_wp <- c("game_id", "receive_2h_ko", "score_differential", "home_team", "posteam",
"half_seconds_remaining", "game_seconds_remaining",
"spread_line", "down", "ydstogo", "yardline_100", "posteam_timeouts_remaining",
"defteam_timeouts_remaining")
wp_2021 <-
wp_data %>%
filter(
!is.na(score_differential),
!is.na(play_type),
!is.na(down),
!is.na(yardline_100),
!is.na(defteam_timeouts_remaining),
!is.na(posteam_timeouts_remaining),
qtr <= 4
) %>%
select(all_of(cols_for_wp)) %>%
nflfastR::calculate_win_probability() %>%
mutate(home_team_wp = ifelse(posteam == home_team, wp, 1- wp))
There are several metrics which one could think of to see which games are the most exciting (or volatile). I will use a simple metric of calculating the average change in (absolute) win probability across each play for the home team in each game. Games that are exciting, with lots of back-and-forth scoring (especially at the end of games), should rank highly on this metric.
I first arrange the data by game, and then descending from first play to last. For each play of the game (excluding the first play), we can use the lag function to create a variable that gives us the win probability for the home team from the previous play. Finally, we create our average change in win probability from each play over the course of game variable (mean_change) and arrange the games from most volatile to least.
wp_2021_mean_change <-
wp_2021 %>%
arrange(game_id, -game_seconds_remaining) %>%
group_by(game_id) %>%
mutate(wp_lag = lag(home_team_wp, order_by=game_id)) %>%
filter(!is.na(wp_lag)) %>%
summarise(mean_change = mean(abs(home_team_wp - wp_lag)))%>%
arrange(desc(mean_change))
We can now see what the 5 most volatile games of the 2021 season were.
most_volatile_games <- wp_2021_mean_change$game_id[1:5]
most_volatile_games
## [1] "2021_20_BUF_KC" "2021_06_DAL_NE" "2021_11_BAL_CHI" "2021_02_MIN_ARI"
## [5] "2021_06_BUF_TEN"
Unsurprisingly, the Chiefs vs Bills game ranked number one, showing us that this is a reasonable metric. We will write a function to plot the win probability for games of interest.
plot_win_prob <- function(wp_data = wp_2021, game, ylab) {
wp_2021 %>%
mutate(minutes_left_in_game = game_seconds_remaining / 60) %>%
filter(game_id == game) %>%
ggplot(aes(x = minutes_left_in_game, y = home_team_wp)) +
geom_line(alpha = .5) +
scale_x_reverse() +
scale_y_continuous(breaks = c(0, .25, .5, .75, 1),
limits = c(0, 1)) +
labs(x = "Minutes left in regulation time", y = ylab)
}
plot_win_prob(game = "2021_20_BUF_KC", ylab = "KC Win Probability")
Interestingly, we see that the win probability just before over time was still under 50%, because the last win probabilities were before they made the field goal to tie the game.
We can also look at the other four games:
- Week 6 Dallas at New England: New England was up 21-20 with 2:42 left in the game, with Dallas just having missed a field goal. Dallas then gets a pick-6, which is immediately followed by a 75 yard touchdown pass by New England to go up by 3. Dallas then has a 9 drive play in under 2 minutes to send the game to overtime.
plot_win_prob(game = "2021_06_DAL_NE", ylab = "NE Win Probability")
- Week 11 Baltimore at Chicago:. Baltimore kicks a field goal to go up 9-7 with less than 4 minutes to go. Chicago drives down with a 10-play, 75 yard drive in 2 minutes to go up 13-9, only to end up giving up a 5-play, 72 yard drive in 1 minute and 20 seconds to lose the game 16-13.
plot_win_prob(game = "2021_11_BAL_CHI", ylab = "Chicago Win Probability")
- Week 2 Minnesota at Arizona:. The recap headline on ESPN says it all: “Cards win 34-33 thriller after Vikings miss last-second FG”. Minnesota went from being up 20-7 partway through the 2nd quarter, only to be down 24-23 at half. The 2nd half was a much more defensive game, but Minnesota had the opportunity to win it with an easy 37-yard field goal at the end, which resulted in Arizona having a low win probability on the last play of the game (shown below). However, Minnesota missed the kick and lost the game.
plot_win_prob(game = "2021_02_MIN_ARI", ylab = "Arizona Win Probability")
- Week 6 Buffalo at Tennessee:. The headline again tells us how exciting this game was: “Titans stop Allen on 4th down, hang on to beat Bills 34-31”. Buffalo was leading almost the whole game, until Tennessee took a 34-31 lead with 3:05 left in the game. Buffalo stormed down the field to set up a 1st & 10 from the Tennessee 12-yard line with 50 seconds to go, giving them a win probability of over 50%. However, Tennessee ended up with a goal-line stand and the win.
plot_win_prob(game = "2021_06_BUF_TEN", ylab = "Tennessee Win Probability")
Thanks for reading–it would be great to hear if you have other ideas for metrics that better capture game volatility. It would definitely be interesting to look back further and see what the most volatile games of the past 20 seasons have been, to see if the Chiefs vs Bills game stands up.


| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| Assign |
Assign op: x = y, with broadcast as required
|
| ATan2 |
Arc Tangent elementwise function
|
| BatchToSpace |
N-dimensional batch to space operation.
|
| BatchToSpaceND |
N-dimensional batch to space operation.
|
| BitsHammingDistance | |
| BitwiseAnd |
Bit-wise AND operation, broadcastable
|
| BitwiseOr |
Bit-wise OR operation, broadcastable
|
| BitwiseXor |
Bit-wise XOR operation, broadcastable
|
| Choose |
This op allows us to (based on the passed in condition)
to return the element fulfilling the condition.
|
| CReLU | |
| CReluBp | |
| CumProd | |
| CumSum |
Cumulative sum operation, optionally along dimension.
|
| CyclicRShiftBits |
Element-wise roll operation, rolls bits to the left, <<
|
| CyclicShiftBits |
Element-wise roll operation, rolls bits to the left, <<
|
| Dilation2D |
Dilation2D op wrapper
|
| DotProductAttention |
(optionally scaled) dot product attention
See also "Attention is all you need" (https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762, p. 4, eq. 1)
|
| DotProductAttentionBp |
(optionally scaled) dot product attention Backprop
See also "Attention is all you need" (https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762, p. 4, eq. 1)
|
| DynamicPartition |
Transforms a given input tensor into numPartitions partitions, as indicated by the indices in "partitions".
|
| DynamicStitch |
Transforms a given input tensor into numPartitions partitions, as indicated by the indices in "partitions".
|
| EqualTo |
Bit mask over the ndarrays as to whether
the components are equal or not
|
| FakeQuantWithMinMaxArgs |
Fake quantization operation.
|
| FakeQuantWithMinMaxVars |
Fake quantization operation.
|
| Fill |
Fill an array of given "shape" with the provided "value", e.g.
|
| GreaterThan |
Bit mask over the ndarrays as to whether
the components are greater than or not
|
| GreaterThanOrEqual |
Bit mask over the ndarrays as to whether
the components are greater than or equal or not
|
| InTopK |
In Top K op
|
| InvertPermutation |
Inverse of index permutation.
|
| IsNonDecreasing |
This op takes 1 n-dimensional array as input,
and returns true if for every adjacent pair we have x[i] <= x[i+1].
|
| IsNumericTensor |
This op takes 1 n-dimensional array as input, and returns true if input is a numeric array.
|
| IsStrictlyIncreasing |
This op takes 1 n-dimensional array as input,
and returns true if for every adjacent pair we have x[i] < x[i+1].
|
| LayerNorm |
Composed op: g*standarize(x) + b
Bias is optional, and can be set as null
|
| LayerNormBp |
Composed op: g*standarize(x) + b
Bias is optional, and can be set as null
|
| LessThan |
Bit mask over the ndarrays as to whether
the components are less than or not
|
| LessThanOrEqual |
Bit mask over the ndarrays as to whether
the components are less than or equal or not
|
| ListDiff | |
| LogicalAnd | |
| LogicalNot | |
| LogicalOr | |
| LogicalXor | |
| LogMatrixDeterminant |
Log Matrix Determinant op
Given input with shape [..., N, N] output the log determinant for each sub-matrix.
|
| LogSoftMax |
Log(softmax(X))
|
| MatrixDeterminant |
Matrix Determinant op
Given input with shape [..., N, N] output the determinant for each sub-matrix.
|
| MatrixDiag | |
| MatrixDiagPart | |
| MatrixInverse |
Matrix Inverse Function
|
| MatrixSetDiag | |
| Max |
Max function
|
| MaximumBp | |
| Min |
Min function
|
| MirrorPad | |
| MultiHeadDotProductAttention |
(optionally scaled) multi head dot product attention
See also "Attention is all you need" (https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762, pp. 4,5, "3.2.2 Multi-Head Attention")
|
| MultiHeadDotProductAttentionBp |
(optionally scaled) multi head dot product attention Backprop
See also "Attention is all you need" (https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762, pp. 4,5, "3.2.2 Multi-Head Attention")
|
| NotEqualTo |
Not equal to function:
Bit mask over whether 2 elements are not equal or not
|
| ParallelConcat | |
| Pow |
Broadcastable element-wise power operation: x[i]^y[i]
|
| Qr | |
| Reverse | |
| ReverseBp | |
| ReverseSequence |
Created by farizrahman4u on 3/16/18.
|
| ReverseV2 |
This is compatibility op for ReverseV2
|
| RShiftBits |
Element-wise shift operation, shift bits to the right, >>
|
| ShiftBits |
Element-wise shift operation, shift bits to the left, <<
|
| SoftMax |
Soft max function
row_maxes is a row vector (max for each row)
row_maxes = rowmaxes(input)
diff = exp(input - max) / diff.rowSums()
Outputs a probability distribution.
|
| SpaceToBatch |
N-dimensional space to batch operation.
|
| SpaceToBatchND |
N-dimensional space to batch operation.
|
| Standardize | |
| StandardizeBp | |
| Svd |
SVD - singular value decomposition
|
| ThresholdRelu |
Threshold ReLU op.
|
| TopK |
Top K op
|
| Trace |
Matrix trace operation
|
| Unique | |
| UniqueWithCounts | |
| XwPlusB |
Composed op: mmul (X, W) + b
|
| Zeta |
Element-wise Zeta function.
|
Copyright © 2020. All rights reserved.


Neil Chen is a New York City based freelance musician, calligrapher, music typesetter and full stack developer.
Praised for his ability to "deftly underpin the music's harmonic structure," (Nelson Mail, 2017), Neil graduated from The Juilliard School in 2017, completing a Masters of Historical Performance majoring in bassoon. Throughout his experience working with historical instruments, he has always been searching for, and typesetting repertoire, and finally decided it was time to share and make this music more accessible through his own editions and providing resources for others who are interested in the music searching process. As a performer, he has performed with Juilliard415, Les Arts Florissants, Bach Vespers at Holy Trinity, and the Toronto Chamber Choir.
His interest in calligraphic and lettering arts arose from viewing countless calligraphic manuscripts while studying treatises and primary sources of music. He began self teaching himself script from those sources, and ended up focusing on pointed pen calligraphy after being inspired by original work on IAMPETH in 2015. He has studied with Elinor Holland, and has taken workshops by Harvest Crittenden, James "Fazz" Farrell, David Grimes, Loredana Zega.
He is currently attending the Columbia Engineering Bootcamp.


FIRST PLAYER TO 5 POINTS WINS!
COMPUTER:
0
PLAYER:
0
Player Selected:
Computer Selected:
Make a Selection
HEADS
TAILS


>
>
Intro to Multiples
Section description
In this section you can different multiples observed in the market. This page is meant to serve as a recap of the relative
valuation approach and the theory behind it. You can always find a comprehensive explanation of the topic in the book
of A. Damodaran, Investment Valuation.
Relative valuation
In relative valuation, the value of an asset is compared to the values assessed by the market for similar or comparable
assets. There are two main building-blocks in relative valuation: standardized prices and comparison. To value a firm on
a relative basis, prices must be standardized. This is done by converting prices into multiples of earnings, book values,
sales, ecc. Afterwards, conclusions are reached by comparing these multiples with those of similar/comparable firms.
However, finding comparable firms is not an easy task since no two firms are identical.
Three steps
Three steps are necessary to do relative valuation:
- 1) Identify a comparable firm/asset and obtain market values
- 2) Convert these values into standardized values since the absolute prices cannot be compared
- 3) Compare the standardized values of the firm/asset under analysis with those of the comparable firms/assets
Stock market multiples vs. Deal multiples
Multiples can refer to values taken from two market context: the stock market (stock market multiples) and the market for
corporate control (deal multiples). These two types of multiples usually lead to the estimation of different values.
In normal situation, in fact, stock multiple express stand-alone values; deal multiples refer to expected market prices
and reflect control premium.
Distintions
Multiples can refer to values taken from two market context: the stock market (stock market multiples) and the market for
corporate control (deal multiples). These two types of multiples usually lead to the estimation of different values.
In normal situation, in fact, stock multiple express stand-alone values; deal multiples refer to expected market prices
and reflect control premium.
Another distinction is between financial multiples and business multiples: financial multiples seek to identify the
connection between a company’s equity market price and some important financial measure (net income, sales, etc.).
Business (sector-specific) multiples link a company’s equity market price to specific elements which are relevant for the
business model typical of the sector the company operates in.
Pros and cons
There are several reasons why relative valuation is so widely used:
- Simpler and faster than DCF: a relative valution is requires far fewer assumptions than DCF valution and it's less time
consuming. Moreover, it is easier to understand and simpler to present to clients/customers.
- Market-oriented: a relative valuation is able to reflect the current market sentiment, since it is an attempt to measure relative and not intrinsic value
The strengths of relative valuation are also its major weaknesses:
- Few explicit assumptions: the ease with which a relative valuation can be put together, pulling together (i) a multiple and (ii) a peer group, can
also result in inconsistent estimates of value where key variables such as risk, growth or cash flow potential are ignored
- Market-oriented: The fact that multiples reflect the market mood also implies that using relative valuation to estimate the value of an asset
can result in values that are too high when the market is overvaluing comparable firms, or too low when it is undervaluing these firms
- Simplicity: while there is scope for bias in any type of valuation, the lack of transparency regarding the underlying assumptions in
relative valuations makes them particularly vulnerable to manipulation.


---
layout: post
title: Table row count in Oracle
date: '2008-08-07T10:25:00.003+02:00'
author: sax
tags:
- Oracle
- PL/SQL
modified_time: '2008-08-07T10:31:57.675+02:00'
blogger_id: tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-17453343.post-650107837892443746
blogger_orig_url: http://saxuality.blogspot.com/2008/08/table-row-count-in-oracle.html
---
You can get some row_count statistics directly from user_tables but they are not always accurate. So I wrote a script that counts number of lines.
DECLARE
pl_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
FOR rec IN (SELECT table_name FROM user_tables ORDER BY table_name) LOOP
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'select count(*) from ' || rec.table_name
INTO pl_count;
dbms_output.put_line(rec.table_name || ' ' || pl_count);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
NULL;
END;
END LOOP;
END;
/


Hello
**This article covers many techniques you can use to troubleshoot and debug your WPF application, including binding errors, exception handling, inspecting the VisualTree and logging.**
## Table of Contents
- [Introduction](#Introduction)
- [Binding Errors](#Binding_Errors)
- [1. Changing Trace Level for All in Options](#Global_Trace_Level_in_Options)
- [2. Changing Trace Level on a Specific Binding](#Trace_Level_on_a_Specific_Binding)
- [WPF Tree Visualizer](#WPF_Tree_Visualizer)
- [Other inspection tools](#Other_inspection_tools)
- [Debuging Your Code](#Debuging_Your_Code)
- [Inner Exceptions](#Inner_Exceptions)
- [Unhandled Exceptions](#Unhandled_Exceptions)
- [Application.DispatcherUnhandledException](#Application_DispatcherUnhandledException)
- [AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException](#AppDomain_CurrentDomain_UnhandledException)
- [TaskScheduler.UnobservedTaskException](#Dispatcher_UnhandledException)
- [The catch-all Unhandled Handler!](#The_catch-all_Unhandled_Handler)
- [Drilling down to include the Inner Exceptions](#Drilling_down_to_catch_the_Inner_Exception)
- [Commenting Out and Binary Chopping](#Commenting_Out_and_Binary_Chopping)
- [Is It Reproducable?](#Is_It_Reproducable)
- [Logging](#Logging)
- [Logging Level](#Logging_Level)
- [Repository Choice](#Repository_Choice)
- [Why Reinvent the Wheel](#Why_Reinvent_the_Wheel)
- [Log4Net](#Log4Net)
- [ELMAH](#ELMAH)
- [NLog](#NLog)
- [NuGet](#NuGet)
- [See Also](#See_Also)
- [Community Resources](#Community_Resources)
# Introduction
Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) is a joy to develop rich user experiences with. Animations, bindings, reskinnable codeless interfaces, all backed up with traditional .Net programming all make for a very rapid development
cycle. However, when something goes wrong in that autogenerated super-sexy front-end, it is not always clear where the problem is.
This article will cover some of the methods for analyzing your WPF application, troubleshooting issues, and debugging seemingly obscure errors.
↑ [Return to Top](#Top)
* * *
# Binding Errors
When an error occurs in the binding framework, the notification is usually "silent", in that is doesn't pop up an error dialog to the user. The error is instead displayed in the
[Output Window](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/3hk6fby3.aspx) of Visual Studio. Although the errors seem obscure at first, there are only a few common ones and they are quite helpful messages.

***System.Windows.Data Error: 4 : Cannot find source for binding with reference 'RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType='System.Windows.Controls.UserControl', AncestorLevel='1''.
BindingExpression:Path=PartIds; DataItem=null; target element is 'ComboBox' (Name=''); target property is 'ItemsSource' (type 'IEnumerable')**
*This is a ComboBox inside a DataGridTemplateColumn. I am binding its ItemsSource to a property called PartIds.
It is erroring when looking for the binding source, in other words the physical object to find the property on.
In this example, the error was because the source is a Window, not a UserControl.
***"System.Windows.Data Error: 40 : BindingExpression path error: 'MyStringOptionz' property not found on 'object' ''MainWindow' (Name='Window')'. BindingExpression:Path=MyStringOptionz; DataItem='MainWindow' (Name='Window');
target element is 'ComboBox' (Name=''); target property is 'ItemsSource' (type 'IEnumerable')"***
This is when the property name in the binding expression is wrong, or the property does not exist in the source object.
In this example, the property name was misspelled with a 'z'.
Sometimes you will need a more detailed debugging output for binding. There are two ways to do this.
## **1. Changing Trace Level for All in Options**
Click the Visual Studio menu **Tools** /
**Options**, then open **Debugging** and **Output Window**. In there you can change the
**DataBinding output settings** to **Verbose** or **
All**.
[![ ](http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/resized-image.ashx/__size/550x0/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-05/7762.wpftv5_2D00_options.png)](http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/cfs-file.ashx/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-05/7762.wpftv5_2D00_options.png)
(click to enlarge)
## **2. Changing Trace Level on a Specific Binding**
If you increase the trace level that way, you will get a WHOLE LOAD of messages for everything. Far better to target the specific binding where the error is. To do this, you can call on an Attached Property PresentationSources.TraceLevel
and set it for just the one binding.
For more information on the Trace Levels and what they represent,
[read here](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd409960.aspx).
↑ [Return to Top](#Top)
* * *
# WPF Tree Visualizer
The WPF Tree Visualizer comes **built into Visual Studio**, and is an**essential tool** to know about.
With it, you can break into the Visual Tree and inspect the actual generated elements and their properties.
To use a Visualizer, you click on the magnifying glass next to a variable name in
DataTips, a Watch window, or in the
Autos, Locals, or
Quick Watch window.
[![ ](http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/resized-image.ashx/__size/550x0/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-05/2538.wpftv1.png)](http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/cfs-file.ashx/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-05/2538.wpftv1.png)
If you are visualizing a string object for example, you get a big grey text window. However, if you visualize a FrameworkElement, you get the WPF Tree Visualizer.
[![ ](http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/resized-image.ashx/__size/550x0/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-05/4718.wpftv3.png)](http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/cfs-file.ashx/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-05/4718.wpftv3.png)
(click to enlarge)
**For a Quick Start on how to use the WPF TV, try this :**[**Debugging WPF - WPF Tree Visualizer + Helper Class**](http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/Debugging-WPF-WPF-Tree-9849e429)
It also supplies a handy Attached Property you can drop in anywhere, without messing your code.
The WPF Tree Visualizer is great for inspecting the VisualTree, but if you want to
**change** any of the properties, you have to look at the "**Locals**" tab, as shown below.
[![ ](http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/resized-image.ashx/__size/550x0/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-05/8345.wpftv4.png)](http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/cfs-file.ashx/__key/communityserver-wikis-components-files/00-00-00-00-05/8345.wpftv4.png)
(click to enlarge)
## **Other inspection tools**
WPF Tree Visualizer is usually enough for the experienced developer to find the problem, however there are plenty of tools around if you prefer to defer.
- [WPF Inspector](http://wpfinspector.codeplex.com/)
- [UI Spy (in Microsoft Windows SDK)](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms727247.aspx)
- [Snoop](http://blois.us/Snoop/)
- [XamlIT](http://xamlt.com/)
- [Mole](http://www.molosoft.com/)
- [Pistachio](http://www.granthinkson.com/2007/11/08/announcing-pistachio-wpf-resource-visualizer/)
↑ [Return to Top](#Top)
* * *
# Debuging Your Code
Apart from the WPF Tree Visualiser, the debugger in WPF applications is the main way to break into your application, trace through and follow program execution to the point of failure.
This is all standard Visual Studio stuff, and I won't waste time here reproducing what is available elsewhere:
- [Debugging in Visual Studio](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/sc65sadd.aspx)
- [Debugging Managed Code](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/awtaffxb(v=vs.100).aspx)
- [Debugging, Tracing, and Profiling](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/7fe0dd2y(v=vs.100).aspx)
↑ [Return to Top](#Top)
* * *
# Inner Exceptions
When your application raises an exception, and you are debugging in Visual Studio, you get the usual error dialog with the details. However, when the error is a XAML error, it is most frequently buried deeper in the exception
details.
Within each exception is an Inner Exception, which is just another exception, but from a layer further down. If XAML throws an error about a missing resource, it re-raises the error as a meaningless "XAML Markup error". When
you drill down deeper, you find what resource the actual error relates to.
Josh Smith wrote best documents the joy of inner exceptions [here](http://joshsmithonwpf.wordpress.com/2007/03/29/tips-on-how-to-debug-and-learn-about-wpf/).
↑ [Return to Top](#Top)
* * *
# Unhandled Exceptions
It is impossible to protect against every possible fault that could happen, when your application is "out in the wild".
There are however, ways to try and improve on the standard Windows error dialogue, and stack dump, which will help you find the fault.
When an exception is unhandled by your application, there are several Unhandled Exception events that you can tap into and handle.
**You can download and test all five handlers here :**[**Handling Unhandled Exceptions in WPF (The most complete collection of handlers)**](http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/Handling-Unhandled-47492d0b)
![ ](http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/site/view/file/67146/1/exc.png)
## [**Application.DispatcherUnhandledException**](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.application.dispatcherunhandledexception.aspx)
This is triggered when the UI thread causes an unhandled exception. You can attach a handler to it either in App.xaml
... or App.xaml.cs
namespaceMyProject
{
publicpartial class App : Application
{
publicApp()
{
DispatcherUnhandledException +=new System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherUnhandledExceptionEventHandler(App_DispatcherUnhandledException);
}
What you get in the handler arguments is a standard exception. Handle as you like, preferably write it to a permissions safe file location.
You can also set**e.Handled** to true if you want to try to overcome the error and move on
voidApp_DispatcherUnhandledException(objectsender, System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherUnhandledExceptionEventArgs e)
{
ProcessError(e.Exception);
e.Handled =true;
}
Sometimes the error is too severe, and your application still crashes. But at least you have hopefully captured something useful, before it did.
## [**AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException**](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.appdomain.unhandledexception.aspx)
If the error is not on the UI thread, then the previous handler won't catch it. It is solely for the Dispatcher thread. To capture errors on any other thread, you need this second one.
This handler is attached in the Startup event handler, which can again be hooked into from mark-up:
... or in code:
namespaceMyProject
{
publicpartial class App : Application
{
publicApp()
{
Startup +=new StartupEventHandler(App_Startup);
}
voidApp_Startup(objectsender, StartupEventArgs e)
{
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException += CurrentDomain_UnhandledException;
}
voidCurrentDomain_UnhandledException(objectsender, UnhandledExceptionEventArgs e)
{
var exception = e.ExceptionObjectas Exception;
ProcessError(exception);
if(e.IsTerminating)
MessageBox.Show("Goodbye world!");
}
Notice this uses an **ExceptionObject**, which is derived from Exception, so we can simply cast it back, for a generic exception handler, as shown below.
Also notice the ExceptionObject has an **IsTerminating** flag.
## [**TaskScheduler.UnobservedTaskException**](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.threading.tasks.taskscheduler.unobservedtaskexception.aspx)
This exception happens when a [**Task**](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.threading.tasks.task.aspx) has an "unobserved exception", and is about to trigger the "exception escalation policy",
which by default terminates the process.
namespaceMyProject
{
publicpartial class App : Application
{
publicApp()
{
TaskScheduler.UnobservedTaskException += TaskScheduler_UnobservedTaskException;
}
Again, we can try to prevent crashing, in this case by calling the **e.SetObserved** method, which marks the exception as "observed" and prevents exception escalation towards a termination (crash).
voidTaskScheduler_UnobservedTaskException(objectsender, UnobservedTaskExceptionEventArgs e)
{
ProcessError(e.Exception);
e.SetObserved();
}
## **The catch-all Unhandled Handler!**
Putting those three handlers together, we get the following:
namespaceMyProject
{
publicpartial class App : Application
{
publicApp()
{
DispatcherUnhandledException += App_DispatcherUnhandledException;
TaskScheduler.UnobservedTaskException += TaskScheduler_UnobservedTaskException;
Startup +=new StartupEventHandler(App_Startup);
}
voidApp_Startup(objectsender, StartupEventArgs e)
{
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException += CurrentDomain_UnhandledException;
}
In the examples below, I show how to try and mark the exceptions as handled/observed, and continue execution. However, you may just want to close "gracefully", with a polite message, instead of an all-out crash.
One thing is certain, you will probably want a unified way of handling the exceptions, wherever they come from, as shown below.
## **Drilling down to include the Inner Exceptions**
As mentioned before, the real reason for an error could be buried several layers down in Inner Exceptions. The three handlers above shared one error logging method, shown below, which iterates down till there are no more Inner
Exceptions.
privatevoid ProcessError(Exception exception)
{
var error ="Exception = " + exception.Message;
while(exception.InnerException !=null)
{
exception = exception.InnerException;
error +=" : Inner Exception = " + exception.Message;
}
//This is where you save to file.
MessageBox.Show(error);
}
**Early attention to error handling in your application will always help production, because most bugs occur during development.
See Logging below.**
↑ [Return to Top](#Top)
* * *
# Commenting Out and Binary Chopping
If a bug in your application is being particularly hard to find, there may be only one way left to find the culprit. It's very simple, and is often simply the fastest way to drill down to the offender.
The method is simply to remove (or comment out) sections of your code, or XAML, until you get execution PAST the error.
Then you start replacing parts of the removed code, until you find the exact control or method that is causing the problem.
It is referred to as binary chopping because you cut the code into two, to get past the error, then in two again, replacing half of the removed code, and so on until you get down to the offending code/xaml.
You can comment out huge chunks of your code or markup in Visual Studio with ctrl-k + c, then ctrl-k + u to uncomment. Both functions also available in the edit / advanced menu.
This is one of the advantages of writing your application to the MVVM design pattern. MVVM separates your UI (View) from the business logic supplied by the ViewModel, or the Model itself. This means the View is much more loosely coupled, and there are no hooks
from code-behind, acting directly on controls, like referring to controls by name (x:Name) like MyTextBox.Text = "hello". In MVVM the emphasis is all on the bindings, so commenting out half your XAML just means less binding requests, and commenting out half
your code/properties means more binding errors, but not a crash.
Even an MVVM setup can have problems when you try to comment out half the markup. Controls may be relying on other controls, with direct biding in XAML. So there is always a certain amount of "knock-on" effects that also need commenting out, but experience
often shows it is quite simply a very fast and effective way to find the sinner.
Just make sure you keep a copy of the original file (or have recently committed your code to source control) before such dramatic actions. Just in case you make an edit that looses your comment/cut history ;)
↑ [Return to Top](#Top)
* * *
# Is It Reproducable?
When you hit a brick wall, many people turn to the [
MSDN forums](http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/wpf/threads), for help and advice from other developers. Often, just the act of trying to put a problem into words for others to understand is equivalent to having a colleague look over your shoulder, which often catches those obvious "too close to the trees"
kind of mistakes that we all make.
However, if the problem isn't obvious from your description, you will get a much quicker and accurate response from the forum if you supply a
**reproducable example of your problem** in a few code snippets.
***Quite often, when you try to reproduce the problem in a new project, you will often find the culpret anyway!***
↑ [Return to Top](#Top)
* * *
# Logging
The other age old method of tracing bugs in your application, both in development and once released, is to keep a log of messages from every notable step of your application.
If your bug is of a composite nature (comprising of several different causes), or developing after several iterations, or at an unknown point, you will need to build a picture of what is happening, before you can even know where to start.
## **Logging Level**
Writing comments and session data to a log file means scattering "WriteToLog" type methods throughout your code. It is therefore common to build a "LogLevel" parameter into your methods, allowing you to control the amount of spam
that gets written. In a published application you would only want to capture critical messages, but with a config file flag or startup parameter that allows you to crank up the debug logging (logging ALL messages), for a client that experiences a bug.
## **Repository Choice**
A log repository can be anything from a text file, to a database. One word of caution however. It is no good logging errors to a database if it was a database connection error. So file based logging for critical errors is strongly
advised. Then you simply have a check method on application startup, for any waiting critical error files, that may have been generated when the application crashed. You can then 'process' them (into a database, or send by email) and then delete.
It is as explained, quite simple to create your own logging architecture for your application. The key to success is to START EARLY! Don't try to strap error handling or logging on later, as it will never be as useful as if you had started from the outset.
Also, the majority of bugs are caused during development anyway, so early attention to error handling and logging may take slightly longer to code, but will help speed up the overall prodiuction process.
## **Why Reinvent the Wheel**
You could have a lot of fun building your own error logging framework, that is thread safe and foolproof. Or if you're pushed for time or more interested in higher things, why not just adopt a tried and tested logging framework.
Here are some options, but you should shop around, as new kids often come on the block.
### [**Log4Net**](http://logging.apache.org/log4net/)
**One of the most established frameworks.***"log4net is a tool to help the programmer output log statements to a variety of output targets. In case of problems with an application, it is helpful
to enable logging so that the problem can be located. With log4net it is possible to enable logging at runtime without modifying the application binary. The log4net package is designed so that log statements can remain in shipped code without incurring a high
performance cost. It follows that the speed of logging (or rather not logging) is crucial. At the same time, log output can be so voluminous that it quickly becomes overwhelming. One of the distinctive features of log4net is the notion of hierarchical loggers.
Using these loggers it is possible to selectively control which log statements are output at arbitrary granularity. log4net is designed with two distinct goals in mind: speed and flexibility"*
### [**ELMAH**](http://code.google.com/p/elmah/)
**A very popular framework.**"*Stands for Logging Modules and Handlers. An application-wide error logging facility that is completely pluggable. It can be dynamically added to a running ASP.NET web application,
or even all ASP.NET web applications on a machine, without any need for re-compilation or re-deployment."*
### [**NLog**](http://nlog-project.org/)
**Newer but 3rd popular**"*A logging platform for .NET with rich log routing and management capabilities. It can help you produce and manage high-quality logs for your application regardless of its size or complexity."*
### [**NuGet**](http://nuget.org/)
All of the above frameworks are available through NuGet. If you don't already have NuGet, it is like an App store for Visual Studio application development. If you want a logging framework, or an MVVM framework, simply open the
package manager and search. Results are listed by popularity. Click to install, and the package gets downloaded and integrated into your current project. That means all the dlls are added and registered, and any supporting files are added to your project.
It takes all the pain out of adding supporting packages to your project. **This is a must for all developers. No excuses, get it naow!!**
↑ [Return to Top](#Top)
* * *
# See Also
- [Troubleshooting Portal](http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/contents/articles/2200.wiki-troubleshooting-portal.aspx)
- See routed events article [
http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/silverlight/WPFSilverlight-Routed-49a16914](http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/silverlight/WPFSilverlight-Routed-49a16914)
↑ [Return to Top](#Top)
* * *
# Community Resources
- [Debugging WPF - WPF Tree Visualizer + Helper Class](http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/Debugging-WPF-WPF-Tree-9849e429)
- [How to: Use the WPF Tree Visualizer](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd409789.aspx)
- [How to: Display WPF Trace Information](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd409960.aspx)
- [Trees in WPF](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms753391.aspx)
- [Breakpoints](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ktf38f66(v=vs.71).aspx)
- [Locals Window](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/a6td98xe(v=vs.71).aspx)
- [Threads Window](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/w15yf86f(v=vs.71).aspx)
- [Output Window](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/3hk6fby3.aspx)
- [Exception.InnerException Property
](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.exception.innerexception.aspx)
- [Application.DispatcherUnhandledException Event](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.application.dispatcherunhandledexception.aspx)
- [AppDomain.UnhandledException Event](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.appdomain.unhandledexception.aspx)
- [Dispatcher.UnhandledException Event](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.threading.dispatcher.unhandledexception.aspx)
- [Tips on how to debug and learn about WPF](http://joshsmithonwpf.wordpress.com/2007/03/29/tips-on-how-to-debug-and-learn-about-wpf/)
- [WPF performance Suite (in Windows SDK)](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa969767.aspx)
- [UI Spy (in Windows SDK)](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms727247.aspx)
- [Spy++](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd460760(v=vs.100).aspx)
- [StyleSnooper](http://blog.wpfwonderland.com/2007/01/02/wpf-tools-stylesnooper/)
- [Optimizing WPF Application Performance](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa970683.aspx)
- [Debugging Tools (.NET Framework)](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd233107.aspx)
- [Debugging in Visual Studio](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/sc65sadd.aspx)
- [Debugging Managed Code](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/awtaffxb(v=vs.100).aspx)
- [Debugging, Tracing, and Profiling](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/7fe0dd2y(v=vs.100).aspx)
↑ [Return to Top](#Top)
* * *
![ ](http://c.statcounter.com/8310283/0/6971edff/1/)


Utopian.io is moving fast and we have now 6 developers actively working on the code, 2 graphic designers, 1 copywriter and many marketing specialists helping Utopian.io in its growth.
Find below what we did in the last 2 days.
Utopian Bot
- Added a minimum vote. Since we have a maximum vote, we believed a minimum vote also made sense for each category.
- Better wording on the bot comment for those who had difficulties understanding the bot logics.
- The bot now does not wait an hour when it reaches 100% but checks constantly. In this way no voting power is wasted.
- Added a difficulty factor. Thanks to @stoodkev for this one. Please up vote his contribution.
Dedicated Section for Tasks Requests
Tasks requests are one of the most important features in Utopian.io, since allow project maintainers to request for very specific tasks contributors can work on. There was no way to spot them unless you was aware of the URL to the project page, that is why we made a specific section for them.
Thanks to @mooncryption. Please upvote his contributions.
Github Enhancements
You can now sync your Github again to work with public repositories under your organisation and forks. We have also enhanced the right side box to manage your projects and add tasks requests. Sync with Github again to access this new functionality.
Thanks to @mooncryption. Please upvote his contributions.
Blog
The blog section is now visible only on Utopian Blog Section or under the user profile, not in the main contributions feed.
Thanks to @mooncryption. Please upvote his contributions.
Pending Review
The user is now able to see pending review contributions under his own profile
Thanks to @mooncryption. Please upvote his contributions.
New Moderation Features
Now moderators can use a set of predefined answers based on the most common cases.
Thanks to @mooncryption. Please upvote his contributions.
API Refactoring
- Refactored the APIs with Typescript.
Fixed a bug that sometimes was not allowing the backend to store the contributions.
Thanks to @samrg472. Please upvote his contributions.
The Utopian Chat
We now have an internal Facebook like Messenger system that you can use to collaborate.
Utopian Community-Driven Witness
We are made of developers, system administrators, entrepreneurs, artists, content creators, thinkers. We embrace every nationality, mindset and belief.
Utopian.io is the first Community-Driven Witness. Every decision will be taken as per the consensus of the entire community using our public Discord server and soon via a public voting system.
- Go here Steem Witnesses
- Scroll to the bottom
- Write utopian-io and vote or set utopian-io as a proxy
- Use Steem Connect for Voting Utopian as a Witness
- Or Use Steem Connect for proxying your vote to Utopian Witness
A Special Thanks to The Sponsors
| @freedom @misterdelegation @ned @transisto @wackou @xeldal (Vote for witness) @lafona-miner @steempty @good-karma (Vote for witness) @thecryptodrive (Vote for witness) @furion (Vote for witness) @cnts @javybar @minnowbooster @netuoso (Vote for witness) @tarekadam @jerrybanfield (Vote for witness) @billbutler @ajvest @elear @masterthematrix @materia @yabapmatt (Vote for witness) @delegate.lafona (Vote for witness) @agoric.systems (Vote for witness) @flauwy @teamsteem (Vote for witness) @deanliu @lexiconical @masterofcoin @cmorton @johnsmith @jerzy @dragosroua (Vote for witness) @unosuke @gokulnk @o1o1o1o @techslut | @jenkinrocket @mother2chicks @rival (Vote for witness) @jomeszaros @steemj @oendertuerk @sircork (Vote for witness) @shreyasgune @lykkejay @hadimemories @kemal13 @soushi888 @dodybireuen @ragepeanut @jatinhota (Vote for witness) @xplosive @littleboy @eastmael @dimitrisp (Vote for witness) @koinbot @katamori @eliel @evildido @alexsm @allowisticartist @doodlebear @dubem-eu @fakire1sadaka @steemfunding @lusanamaya @knowledges @callmetoxy @nehomar @rizal.konoha2 @tanvirrahman @yandot @bluetechno @ilvstranger @raserrano @robin-ho |
A Special Thanks to The Moderators
@espoem @jefpatat @arie.steem @ruah @themanualbot @stoodkev @favcau @deveerei @mcfarhat @mooncryption @cnts @shreyasgune @knowledges @zeartul @lykkejay
This page is synchronized from the post: Utopian: A Bunch Of Big Updates / New Features And Bug Fixing!


Configurable Test Creator
Tests:
Ping
Packets:
Timeout (secs):
DNS
Timeout (secs):
Record Type:
Resolver:
HTTP
HTTP Headers (Optional):
Header:
Value:
Traceroute
Timeout (secs):
Start_Hop:
Max_Hops:
TCP
Port:
Url list:


Hi, {{ user }}, you requested a password change for your account at {{ site_name }}. Enter your new password and submit.
{% load static %}
Hi, {{ user }}, you requested a password change for your account at {{ site_name }}. Enter your new password and submit.


Home
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Aditya Bhardwaj
International Institute of Information Technology, Bhubaneswar
Computer Engineering
HTML - Hyper Text Markup Language
is used to create webpages. Every webpage contains various HTML tags enclosing some content in between them.
There are a lot of tags for including the fundamental functionalities in our Webpage. Some of them are used to include:
Headers
Images
Tables
Lists, etc.


UK PM Johnson being kept updated on London Bridge incident
LONDON, Nov 29 (Reuters) - British Prime Minister Boris Johnson said on Friday he was being kept updated on the incident at London Bridge.
“I’m being kept updated on the incident at London Bridge and want to thank the police and all emergency services for their immediate response,” Johnson said.


Fantana Flaunts Her Gorgeous Mother At The 2019 MTN 4Syte Music Video Awards- WATCH
by Ghbase New WriterFantana and her mother stole the show at the recently held 4Syte Music Video Awards which went down live at the Kempinski Hotel in Accra on Saturday evening.
For once, you might doubt if the woman is truly Fantana’s mum because of her relatively young age. What’s more, her gargantuan assets do not look like one who has given birth before.
The singer was full of smiles as she took her mum by the hand and strolled with her as they headed towards the part of the auditorium which is strictly demarcated for artists.
The beautiful woman is called Dorcas Nda-Affo Toffey aka Nzema Yaa Asantewaa. She is a businesswoman and a philanthropist.
Recall that recently, she gained widespread prominence when she was elected as NDC’s parliamentary candidate for the Jomoro constituency in the Western Region of Ghana.
Watch the video below:


IsEmptyReturns True(1) if field is empty, if a related field, related table, relationship, or file is missing, or if some other error occurs; otherwise, returns False(0).IsEmpty(OrderNum) returns 1 if the OrderNum field is empty.If(IsEmpty(LastName);“Invalid record”;““) displays Invalid Record if the LastName field is blank, but displays nothing if there is an entry in LastName.IsEmpty(Payments::DatePaid) returns 1 if, for example, the Payments table has been moved or renamed.IsEmpty(“text”) returns 0.


February 12, 2014 by John Smith Blog Post Title Business Internet {% include post_minutes.html %} {{ content }} Please enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by Disqus.


| User ID | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Member Name : | |||
| Contact Details : | |||
| Phone No : | Email : | ||
| Educational Details | |||
| Vocational Training : | Background : | ||
| Duration of Stay : | Skills : | ||
| Level of Skills | Current Salary : | ||
| Current Location : | |||
| Future Plans | |||
| Remarks |
| Activity | Date Start | ||
| End Date | Location | ||
| Expected Outcome | |||
| Target Audience | Number Engaged | ||
| Response | |||
| Shelter Home : | |||
| Women : |


Mother of brain-damaged boy wins $101M in malpractice suit
by The Associated PressOAK PARK, Ill. (AP) — A jury has awarded $101 million to the mother of a severely brain-damaged boy who sued a Chicago-area hospital for medical malpractice.
Attorneys told the Cook County Circuit Court that medical staff at West Suburban Medical Center in Oak Park ignored ultrasound results that indicated the unborn baby wasn’t moving for six hours during labor on Aug. 9, 2014.
A judge ruled Tuesday that 5-year-old Gerald Sallis’ brain is damaged permanently because nurses and technicians ignored his mother’s concerns that she couldn’t feel him move.
Experts testified that a cesarean section would have prevented Gerald’s brain damage. Gerald cannot speak, walk or sit up on his own.
The settlement will allow him to return home after spending a year in a developmental disabilities facility.
The Associated Press


Create a backup
Estimated reading time: 7 minutesThese are the docs for DTR version 2.6.11
To select a different version, use the selector below.
Data managed by DTR
Docker Trusted Registry maintains data about:
| Data | Description |
|---|---|
| Configurations | The DTR cluster configurations |
| Repository metadata | The metadata about the repositories and images deployed |
| Access control to repos and images | Permissions for teams and repositories |
| Notary data | Notary tags and signatures |
| Scan results | Security scanning results for images |
| Certificates and keys | The certificates, public keys, and private keys that are used for mutual TLS communication |
| Images content | The images you push to DTR. This can be stored on the file system of the node running DTR, or other storage system, depending on the configuration |
This data is persisted on the host running DTR, using named volumes. Learn more about DTR named volumes.
To perform a backup of a DTR node, run the docker/dtr backup command. This command backs up the following data:
| Data | Backed up | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Configurations | yes | DTR settings |
| Repository metadata | yes | Metadata such as image architecture and size |
| Access control to repos and images | yes | Data about who has access to which images |
| Notary data | yes | Signatures and digests for images that are signed |
| Scan results | yes | Information about vulnerabilities in your images |
| Certificates and keys | yes | TLS certificates and keys used by DTR |
| Image content | no | Needs to be backed up separately, depends on DTR configuration |
| Users, orgs, teams | no | Create a UCP backup to back up this data |
| Vulnerability database | no | Can be redownloaded after a restore |
Back up DTR data
To create a backup of DTR, you need to:
- Back up image content
- Back up DTR metadata
You should always create backups from the same DTR replica, to ensure a smoother restore. If you have not previously performed a backup, the web interface displays a warning for you to do so:
Find your replica ID
Since you need your DTR replica ID during a backup, the following covers a few ways for you to determine your replica ID:
UCP web interface
You can find the list of replicas by navigating to Shared Resources > Stacks or Swarm > Volumes (when using swarm mode) on the UCP web interface.
UCP client bundle
From a terminal using a UCP client bundle, run:
docker ps --format "{{.Names}}" | grep dtr
# The list of DTR containers with <node>/<component>-<replicaID>, e.g.
# node-1/dtr-api-a1640e1c15b6
SSH access
Another way to determine the replica ID is to log into a DTR node using SSH and run the following:
REPLICA_ID=$(docker ps --format '{{.Names}}' -f name=dtr-rethink | cut -f 3 -d '-')
&& echo $REPLICA_ID
Back up image content
Since you can configure the storage backend that DTR uses to store images, the way you back up images depends on the storage backend you’re using.
If you’ve configured DTR to store images on the local file system or NFS mount,
you can back up the images by using SSH to log into a DTR node,
and creating a tar
archive of the dtr-registry volume:
Example backup command
Local images
sudo tar -cf dtr-image-backup-$(date +%Y%m%d-%H_%M_%S).tar \
/var/lib/docker/volumes/dtr-registry-$(docker ps --format '{{.Names}}' -f name=dtr-rethink | cut -f 3 -d '-')
Expected output
tar: Removing leading `/' from member names
If you’re using a different storage backend, follow the best practices recommended for that system.
Back up DTR metadata
To create a DTR backup, load your UCP client bundle, and run the following command.
Chained commands (Linux only)
DTR_VERSION=$(docker container inspect $(docker container ps -f name=dtr-registry -q) | \
grep -m1 -Po '(?<=DTR_VERSION=)\d.\d.\d'); \
REPLICA_ID=$(docker ps --format '{{.Names}}' -f name=dtr-rethink | cut -f 3 -d '-'); \
read -p 'ucp-url (The UCP URL including domain and port): ' UCP_URL; \
read -p 'ucp-username (The UCP administrator username): ' UCP_ADMIN; \
read -sp 'ucp password: ' UCP_PASSWORD; \
docker run --log-driver none -i --rm \
--env UCP_PASSWORD=$UCP_PASSWORD \
docker/dtr:$DTR_VERSION backup \
--ucp-username $UCP_ADMIN \
--ucp-url $UCP_URL \
--ucp-ca "$(curl https://${UCP_URL}/ca)" \
--existing-replica-id $REPLICA_ID > dtr-metadata-${DTR_VERSION}-backup-$(date +%Y%m%d-%H_%M_%S).tar
UCP field prompts
<ucp-url>
is the URL you use to access UCP.<ucp-username>
is the username of a UCP administrator.<replica-id>
is the DTR replica ID to back up.
The above chained commands run through the following tasks:
- Sets your DTR version and replica ID. To back up
a specific replica, set the replica ID manually by modifying the
--existing-replica-id
flag in the backup command. - Prompts you for your UCP URL (domain and port) and admin username.
- Prompts you for your UCP password without saving it to your disk or printing it on the terminal.
- Retrieves the CA certificate for your specified UCP URL. To skip TLS verification, replace the
--ucp-ca
flag with--ucp-insecure-tls
. Docker does not recommend this flag for production environments. - Includes DTR version and timestamp to your
tar
backup file.
You can learn more about the supported flags in the DTR backup reference documentation.
By default, the backup command does not pause the DTR replica being backed up to
prevent interruptions of user access to DTR. Since the replica
is not stopped, changes that happen during the backup may not be saved.
Use the --offline-backup
flag to stop the DTR replica during the backup procedure. If you set this flag,
remove the replica from the load balancing pool to avoid user interruption.
Also, the backup contains sensitive information like private keys, so you can encrypt the backup by running:
gpg --symmetric dtr-metadata-backup.tar
This prompts you for a password to encrypt the backup, copies the backup file and encrypts it.
Test your backups
To validate that the backup was correctly performed, you can print the contents of the tar file created. The backup of the images should look like:
tar -tf dtr-metadata-backup.tar
dtr-backup-v2.6.11/
dtr-backup-v2.6.11/rethink/
dtr-backup-v2.6.11/rethink/layers/
And the backup of the DTR metadata should look like:
tar -tf dtr-metadata-backup.tar
# The archive should look like this
dtr-backup-v2.6.11/
dtr-backup-v2.6.11/rethink/
dtr-backup-v2.6.11/rethink/properties/
dtr-backup-v2.6.11/rethink/properties/0
If you’ve encrypted the metadata backup, you can use:
gpg -d dtr-metadata-backup.tar | tar -t
You can also create a backup of a UCP cluster and restore it into a new cluster. Then restore DTR on that new cluster to confirm that everything is working as expected.
Where to go next
- Configure your storage backend
- Switch your storage backend
- Use NFS
- Use S3
- CLI reference pages


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Interface Summary
Interface
Description
ServerMessage
Interface that encapsulates all messages sent by server to clients.
Class Summary
Class
Description
GameResumedMessage
Class that collects in a message all the information needed by a client that is reconnecting in order
to let him resuming the game.
GameSetupMessage
Class representing first message sent to each player after a game creation.
JoinLobbyMessage
Class representing a message sent from server when a player is added to a lobby in order to notifies
other members inside it.
LastTurnMessage
Class representing a message sent from server when a player makes a move that starts
ending phase of the game.
NotAvailableNicknameMessage
Class representing a message sent from server in order to notify a guest that he has just chosen
a not available nickname, so the selection has to be done again.
PongMessage
Class representing a message sent from server executors
in order to reply to a
PingMessage
sent before by client.
RankMessage
Class representing final message received from server when a multiplayer mode game definitively ends.
ServerAskForGameMode
Class representing a message through server asks the guest which kind of mode he wants to play.
ServerAskForNumOfPlayer
Class representing a message sent from server in order to ask the guest the number of players
he wants in a game.
ServerAsksForNickname
Class representing the first message exchanged by server and connecting client, in order to let him choose
its nickname.
SoloModeMatchWinnerMessage
Class consisting of a message sent at the end of a solo mode game.
UserDisconnectedMessage
Class representing a message sent by server in order to notify players currently involved in a game
that one of them has just disconnected.


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