Table of Contents¶
1 Lai & Robbins lower-bound for stochastic bandit with full restart points
1.1 Creating the problem
1.1.1 Parameters for the simulation
1.1.2 Some MAB problem with Bernoulli arms
1.1.3 Some RL algorithms
1.2 Creating the Evaluator object
1.3 Solving the problem
1.4 Plotting the results
1.5 Visualisation the lower-bound for algorithms that restart at breaking points
1.6 Seeing the lower-bound on the regret plot
1.7 Conclusion
Lai & Robbins lower-bound for stochastic bandit with full restart points¶
First, be sure to be in the main folder, or to have installed `SMPyBandits
<https://github.com/SMPyBandits/SMPyBandits>`__, and import Evaluator
from Environment
package:
[1]:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
[2]:
!pip install SMPyBandits watermark
%load_ext watermark
%watermark -v -m -p SMPyBandits -a "Lilian Besson"
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Info: Using the Jupyter notebook version of the tqdm() decorator, tqdm_notebook() ...
Lilian Besson
CPython 3.6.6
IPython 7.1.1
SMPyBandits 0.9.4
compiler : GCC 8.0.1 20180414 (experimental) [trunk revision 259383
system : Linux
release : 4.15.0-38-generic
machine : x86_64
processor : x86_64
CPU cores : 4
interpreter: 64bit
[3]:
# Local imports
from SMPyBandits.Environment import Evaluator, tqdm
from SMPyBandits.Environment.plotsettings import legend, makemarkers
We also need arms, for instance Bernoulli
-distributed arm:
[4]:
# Import arms
from SMPyBandits.Arms import Bernoulli
And finally we need some single-player Reinforcement Learning algorithms:
[7]:
# Import algorithms
from SMPyBandits.Policies import *
[8]:
import matplotlib as mpl
mpl.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (12.4, 7)
Creating the problem¶
Parameters for the simulation¶
\(T = 20000\) is the time horizon,
\(N = 40\) is the number of repetitions,
N_JOBS = 4
is the number of cores used to parallelize the code.
[9]:
HORIZON = 20000
REPETITIONS = 40
N_JOBS = 4
Some MAB problem with Bernoulli arms¶
We consider in this example \(3\) problems, with Bernoulli
arms, of different means.
[10]:
ENVIRONMENTS = [ # 1) Bernoulli arms
{ # A very easy problem, but it is used in a lot of articles
"arm_type": Bernoulli,
"params": [0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9]
}
]
Some RL algorithms¶
We compare some policies that use the `DoublingTrickWrapper
<https://smpybandits.github.io/docs/Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.html#module-Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper>`__ policy, with a common growing scheme.
[11]:
NEXT_HORIZONS = [
# next_horizon__arithmetic,
next_horizon__geometric,
# next_horizon__exponential,
# next_horizon__exponential_slow,
next_horizon__exponential_generic
]
[12]:
POLICIES = [
# --- Doubling trick algorithm
{
"archtype": DoublingTrickWrapper,
"params": {
"next_horizon": next_horizon,
"full_restart": full_restart,
"policy": policy,
}
}
for policy in [
UCBH,
MOSSH,
klUCBPlusPlus,
ApproximatedFHGittins,
]
for full_restart in [
True,
# False,
]
for next_horizon in NEXT_HORIZONS
]
Complete configuration for the problem:
[13]:
configuration = {
# --- Duration of the experiment
"horizon": HORIZON,
# --- Number of repetition of the experiment (to have an average)
"repetitions": REPETITIONS,
# --- Parameters for the use of joblib.Parallel
"n_jobs": N_JOBS, # = nb of CPU cores
"verbosity": 6, # Max joblib verbosity
# --- Arms
"environment": ENVIRONMENTS,
# --- Algorithms
"policies": POLICIES,
}
configuration
[13]:
{'horizon': 20000,
'repetitions': 40,
'n_jobs': 4,
'verbosity': 6,
'environment': [{'arm_type': SMPyBandits.Arms.Bernoulli.Bernoulli,
'params': [0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9]}],
'policies': [{'archtype': SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper,
'params': {'next_horizon': CPUDispatcher(<function next_horizon__geometric at 0x7f18c1a70620>),
'full_restart': True,
'policy': SMPyBandits.Policies.UCBH.UCBH}},
{'archtype': SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper,
'params': {'next_horizon': <function SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.next_horizon__exponential_generic(i, horizon)>,
'full_restart': True,
'policy': SMPyBandits.Policies.UCBH.UCBH}},
{'archtype': SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper,
'params': {'next_horizon': CPUDispatcher(<function next_horizon__geometric at 0x7f18c1a70620>),
'full_restart': True,
'policy': SMPyBandits.Policies.MOSSH.MOSSH}},
{'archtype': SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper,
'params': {'next_horizon': <function SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.next_horizon__exponential_generic(i, horizon)>,
'full_restart': True,
'policy': SMPyBandits.Policies.MOSSH.MOSSH}},
{'archtype': SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper,
'params': {'next_horizon': CPUDispatcher(<function next_horizon__geometric at 0x7f18c1a70620>),
'full_restart': True,
'policy': SMPyBandits.Policies.klUCBPlusPlus.klUCBPlusPlus}},
{'archtype': SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper,
'params': {'next_horizon': <function SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.next_horizon__exponential_generic(i, horizon)>,
'full_restart': True,
'policy': SMPyBandits.Policies.klUCBPlusPlus.klUCBPlusPlus}},
{'archtype': SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper,
'params': {'next_horizon': CPUDispatcher(<function next_horizon__geometric at 0x7f18c1a70620>),
'full_restart': True,
'policy': SMPyBandits.Policies.ApproximatedFHGittins.ApproximatedFHGittins}},
{'archtype': SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper,
'params': {'next_horizon': <function SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.next_horizon__exponential_generic(i, horizon)>,
'full_restart': True,
'policy': SMPyBandits.Policies.ApproximatedFHGittins.ApproximatedFHGittins}}]}
Creating the Evaluator
object¶
[14]:
evaluation = Evaluator(configuration)
Number of policies in this comparison: 8
Time horizon: 20000
Number of repetitions: 40
Sampling rate for plotting, delta_t_plot: 50
Number of jobs for parallelization: 4
Using this dictionary to create a new environment:
{'arm_type': <class 'SMPyBandits.Arms.Bernoulli.Bernoulli'>, 'params': [0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9]}
Creating a new MAB problem ...
Reading arms of this MAB problem from a dictionnary 'configuration' = {'arm_type': <class 'SMPyBandits.Arms.Bernoulli.Bernoulli'>, 'params': [0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9]} ...
- with 'arm_type' = <class 'SMPyBandits.Arms.Bernoulli.Bernoulli'>
- with 'params' = [0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9]
- with 'arms' = [B(0.1), B(0.2), B(0.3), B(0.4), B(0.5), B(0.6), B(0.7), B(0.8), B(0.9)]
- with 'means' = [0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9]
- with 'nbArms' = 9
- with 'maxArm' = 0.9
- with 'minArm' = 0.1
This MAB problem has:
- a [Lai & Robbins] complexity constant C(mu) = 7.52 ...
- a Optimal Arm Identification factor H_OI(mu) = 48.89% ...
- with 'arms' represented as: $[B(0.1), B(0.2), B(0.3), B(0.4), B(0.5), B(0.6), B(0.7), B(0.8), B(0.9)^*]$
Number of environments to try: 1
Solving the problem¶
Now we can simulate all the \(3\) environments. That part can take some time.
[15]:
for envId, env in tqdm(enumerate(evaluation.envs), desc="Problems"):
# Evaluate just that env
evaluation.startOneEnv(envId, env)
Evaluating environment: MAB(nbArms: 9, arms: [B(0.1), B(0.2), B(0.3), B(0.4), B(0.5), B(0.6), B(0.7), B(0.8), B(0.9)], minArm: 0.1, maxArm: 0.9)
- Adding policy #1 = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': CPUDispatcher(<function next_horizon__geometric at 0x7f18c1a70620>), 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.UCBH.UCBH'>}} ...
Creating this policy from a dictionnary 'self.cfg['policies'][0]' = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': CPUDispatcher(<function next_horizon__geometric at 0x7f18c1a70620>), 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.UCBH.UCBH'>}} ...
- Adding policy #2 = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': <function next_horizon__exponential_generic at 0x7f18c1a70ea0>, 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.UCBH.UCBH'>}} ...
Creating this policy from a dictionnary 'self.cfg['policies'][1]' = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': <function next_horizon__exponential_generic at 0x7f18c1a70ea0>, 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.UCBH.UCBH'>}} ...
- Adding policy #3 = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': CPUDispatcher(<function next_horizon__geometric at 0x7f18c1a70620>), 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.MOSSH.MOSSH'>}} ...
Creating this policy from a dictionnary 'self.cfg['policies'][2]' = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': CPUDispatcher(<function next_horizon__geometric at 0x7f18c1a70620>), 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.MOSSH.MOSSH'>}} ...
- Adding policy #4 = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': <function next_horizon__exponential_generic at 0x7f18c1a70ea0>, 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.MOSSH.MOSSH'>}} ...
Creating this policy from a dictionnary 'self.cfg['policies'][3]' = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': <function next_horizon__exponential_generic at 0x7f18c1a70ea0>, 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.MOSSH.MOSSH'>}} ...
- Adding policy #5 = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': CPUDispatcher(<function next_horizon__geometric at 0x7f18c1a70620>), 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.klUCBPlusPlus.klUCBPlusPlus'>}} ...
Creating this policy from a dictionnary 'self.cfg['policies'][4]' = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': CPUDispatcher(<function next_horizon__geometric at 0x7f18c1a70620>), 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.klUCBPlusPlus.klUCBPlusPlus'>}} ...
- Adding policy #6 = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': <function next_horizon__exponential_generic at 0x7f18c1a70ea0>, 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.klUCBPlusPlus.klUCBPlusPlus'>}} ...
Creating this policy from a dictionnary 'self.cfg['policies'][5]' = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': <function next_horizon__exponential_generic at 0x7f18c1a70ea0>, 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.klUCBPlusPlus.klUCBPlusPlus'>}} ...
- Adding policy #7 = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': CPUDispatcher(<function next_horizon__geometric at 0x7f18c1a70620>), 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.ApproximatedFHGittins.ApproximatedFHGittins'>}} ...
Creating this policy from a dictionnary 'self.cfg['policies'][6]' = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': CPUDispatcher(<function next_horizon__geometric at 0x7f18c1a70620>), 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.ApproximatedFHGittins.ApproximatedFHGittins'>}} ...
- Adding policy #8 = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': <function next_horizon__exponential_generic at 0x7f18c1a70ea0>, 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.ApproximatedFHGittins.ApproximatedFHGittins'>}} ...
Creating this policy from a dictionnary 'self.cfg['policies'][7]' = {'archtype': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.DoublingTrickWrapper.DoublingTrickWrapper'>, 'params': {'next_horizon': <function next_horizon__exponential_generic at 0x7f18c1a70ea0>, 'full_restart': True, 'policy': <class 'SMPyBandits.Policies.ApproximatedFHGittins.ApproximatedFHGittins'>}} ...
- Evaluating policy #1/8: DT($T_i = 200 \times 2^i$)[UCB-H($\alpha=4$)] ...
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Using backend LokyBackend with 4 concurrent workers.
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 5 tasks | elapsed: 5.5s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 23.1s remaining: 0.0s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 23.1s finished
- Evaluating policy #2/8: DT($T_i = (200/2) 2^{2^i}$)[UCB-H($\alpha=4$)] ...
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Using backend LokyBackend with 4 concurrent workers.
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 5 tasks | elapsed: 5.0s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 21.6s remaining: 0.0s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 21.6s finished
- Evaluating policy #3/8: DT($T_i = 200 \times 2^i$)[MOSS-H] ...
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Using backend LokyBackend with 4 concurrent workers.
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 5 tasks | elapsed: 2.7s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 14.3s remaining: 0.0s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 14.3s finished
- Evaluating policy #4/8: DT($T_i = (200/2) 2^{2^i}$)[MOSS-H] ...
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Using backend LokyBackend with 4 concurrent workers.
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 5 tasks | elapsed: 2.6s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 14.0s remaining: 0.0s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 14.0s finished
- Evaluating policy #5/8: DT($T_i = 200 \times 2^i$)[kl-UCB$^{++}$] ...
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Using backend LokyBackend with 4 concurrent workers.
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 5 tasks | elapsed: 6.1s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 35.7s remaining: 0.0s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 35.7s finished
- Evaluating policy #6/8: DT($T_i = (200/2) 2^{2^i}$)[kl-UCB$^{++}$] ...
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Using backend LokyBackend with 4 concurrent workers.
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 5 tasks | elapsed: 6.9s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 33.1s remaining: 0.0s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 33.1s finished
- Evaluating policy #7/8: DT($T_i = 200 \times 2^i$)[ApprFHG] ...
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Using backend LokyBackend with 4 concurrent workers.
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 5 tasks | elapsed: 3.0s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 25.4s remaining: 0.0s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 25.4s finished
- Evaluating policy #8/8: DT($T_i = (200/2) 2^{2^i}$)[ApprFHG] ...
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Using backend LokyBackend with 4 concurrent workers.
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 5 tasks | elapsed: 3.4s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 18.1s remaining: 0.0s
[Parallel(n_jobs=4)]: Done 40 out of 40 | elapsed: 18.1s finished
Plotting the results¶
And finally, visualize them, with the plotting method of a Evaluator
object:
[16]:
def plotAll(evaluation, envId):
evaluation.printFinalRanking(envId)
fig = evaluation.plotRegrets(envId)
# evaluation.plotRegrets(envId, semilogx=True)
# evaluation.plotRegrets(envId, meanRegret=True)
# evaluation.plotBestArmPulls(envId)
return fig
[17]:
fig = plotAll(evaluation, 0)
Final ranking for this environment #0 :
- Policy 'DT($T_i = (200/2) 2^{2^i}$)[kl-UCB$^{++}$]' was ranked 1 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 144.11).
- Policy 'DT($T_i = (200/2) 2^{2^i}$)[MOSS-H]' was ranked 2 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 213.66).
- Policy 'DT($T_i = (200/2) 2^{2^i}$)[ApprFHG]' was ranked 3 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 239.97).
- Policy 'DT($T_i = 200 \times 2^i$)[kl-UCB$^{++}$]' was ranked 4 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 323.72).
- Policy 'DT($T_i = 200 \times 2^i$)[MOSS-H]' was ranked 5 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 500.27).
- Policy 'DT($T_i = 200 \times 2^i$)[ApprFHG]' was ranked 6 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 539.85).
- Policy 'DT($T_i = (200/2) 2^{2^i}$)[UCB-H($\alpha=4$)]' was ranked 7 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 636.46).
- Policy 'DT($T_i = 200 \times 2^i$)[UCB-H($\alpha=4$)]' was ranked 8 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 1363.4).
This MAB problem has:
- a [Lai & Robbins] complexity constant C(mu) = 7.52 for 1-player problem...
- a Optimal Arm Identification factor H_OI(mu) = 48.89% ...
Warning: forcing to use putatright = True because there is 9 items in the legend.
Visualisation the lower-bound for algorithms that restart at breaking points¶
[18]:
DEFAULT_FIRST_HORIZON = 100
def lower_bound_with_breakpoints(next_horizon, horizon, env,
first_horizon=DEFAULT_FIRST_HORIZON,
fig=None, marker=None):
points, gap = breakpoints(next_horizon, first_horizon, horizon)
X = np.arange(1, horizon)
Y = np.log(X)
# Durty estimate
for estimate_horizon in points:
if estimate_horizon <= horizon:
before_breakpoint = np.max(np.where(X == estimate_horizon - 1)[0])
lower_bound_before_breakpoint = Y[before_breakpoint]
print("At time {}, lowerbound was {}".format(estimate_horizon, lower_bound_before_breakpoint))
after = np.where(X >= estimate_horizon)
Y[after] = np.log(X[after] - X[before_breakpoint]) + lower_bound_before_breakpoint
if fig is None: # new figure if needed
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.set_xlabel("Time steps t=1..T, $T = {}$".format(horizon))
ax.set_ylabel("Regret lower-bound")
ax.set_title("Lai & Robbins lower-bound for problem with $K={}$ arms and $C_K={:.3g}$\nAnd doubling trick with restart points ({})".format(env.nbArms, env.lowerbound(), next_horizon.__latex_name__))
else:
ax = fig.axes[0]
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/26845924/
ax_legend = ax.legend()
ax_legend.remove()
complexity = env.lowerbound()
ax.plot(X, complexity * Y,
'k--' if marker is None else '{}k--'.format(marker),
markevery=(0.0, 0.1),
label="LB, DT restart ({})".format(next_horizon.__latex_name__))
legend(fig=fig)
fig.show()
return fig
[19]:
_ = lower_bound_with_breakpoints(next_horizon__exponential_generic, HORIZON, evaluation.envs[0])
At time 100, lowerbound was 4.59511985013459
At time 200, lowerbound was 9.20029003612268
At time 400, lowerbound was 14.498607402670718
At time 1600, lowerbound was 21.58868423844681
Warning: forcing to use putatright = False because there is 1 items in the legend.
/home/lilian/ownCloud/owncloud.crans.org/Crans/These_2016-17/src/SMPyBandits/notebooks/venv3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/legend.py:508: UserWarning: Automatic legend placement (loc="best") not implemented for figure legend. Falling back on "upper right".
warnings.warn('Automatic legend placement (loc="best") not '
/home/lilian/ownCloud/owncloud.crans.org/Crans/These_2016-17/src/SMPyBandits/notebooks/venv3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/figure.py:445: UserWarning: Matplotlib is currently using module://ipykernel.pylab.backend_inline, which is a non-GUI backend, so cannot show the figure.
% get_backend())
Seeing the lower-bound on the regret plot¶
[20]:
fig = plotAll(evaluation, 0)
Final ranking for this environment #0 :
- Policy 'DT($T_i = (200/2) 2^{2^i}$)[kl-UCB$^{++}$]' was ranked 1 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 144.11).
- Policy 'DT($T_i = (200/2) 2^{2^i}$)[MOSS-H]' was ranked 2 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 213.66).
- Policy 'DT($T_i = (200/2) 2^{2^i}$)[ApprFHG]' was ranked 3 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 239.97).
- Policy 'DT($T_i = 200 \times 2^i$)[kl-UCB$^{++}$]' was ranked 4 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 323.72).
- Policy 'DT($T_i = 200 \times 2^i$)[MOSS-H]' was ranked 5 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 500.27).
- Policy 'DT($T_i = 200 \times 2^i$)[ApprFHG]' was ranked 6 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 539.85).
- Policy 'DT($T_i = (200/2) 2^{2^i}$)[UCB-H($\alpha=4$)]' was ranked 7 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 636.46).
- Policy 'DT($T_i = 200 \times 2^i$)[UCB-H($\alpha=4$)]' was ranked 8 / 8 for this simulation (last regret = 1363.4).
This MAB problem has:
- a [Lai & Robbins] complexity constant C(mu) = 7.52 for 1-player problem...
- a Optimal Arm Identification factor H_OI(mu) = 48.89% ...
Warning: forcing to use putatright = True because there is 9 items in the legend.
[21]:
markers = makemarkers(len(NEXT_HORIZONS))
[22]:
for i, next_horizon in enumerate(NEXT_HORIZONS):
fig = lower_bound_with_breakpoints(next_horizon, HORIZON, evaluation.envs[0], fig=fig, marker=markers[i])
At time 100, lowerbound was 4.59511985013459
At time 200, lowerbound was 9.20029003612268
At time 400, lowerbound was 14.498607402670718
At time 800, lowerbound was 20.4900719497787
At time 1600, lowerbound was 27.174683677446627
At time 3200, lowerbound was 34.5524425856745
At time 6400, lowerbound was 42.62334867446232
At time 12800, lowerbound was 51.38740194381008
Warning: forcing to use putatright = False because there is 0 items in the legend.
At time 100, lowerbound was 4.59511985013459
At time 200, lowerbound was 9.20029003612268
At time 400, lowerbound was 14.498607402670718
At time 1600, lowerbound was 21.58868423844681
Warning: forcing to use putatright = False because there is 0 items in the legend.
/home/lilian/ownCloud/owncloud.crans.org/Crans/These_2016-17/src/SMPyBandits/notebooks/venv3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/legend.py:508: UserWarning: Automatic legend placement (loc="best") not implemented for figure legend. Falling back on "upper right".
warnings.warn('Automatic legend placement (loc="best") not '
/home/lilian/ownCloud/owncloud.crans.org/Crans/These_2016-17/src/SMPyBandits/notebooks/venv3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/figure.py:445: UserWarning: Matplotlib is currently using module://ipykernel.pylab.backend_inline, which is a non-GUI backend, so cannot show the figure.
% get_backend())
[23]:
fig
[23]:
Conclusion¶
That’s it for today, folks!


A framework-agnostic automated table of contents component! Super simple to use, just provide a content container and another container where the TOC would be mounted, and Voila!
Checkout the demo page here.
npm i --save @theiliad/tictoc
You need to create a div
(or any other DOM element) inside of which you'd like the TOC to be mounted (in this case we're using

, as well as another element that includes your content (in this case

.
import/require:
import TicTOC from "@theiliad/tictoc/index";
import<EMAIL_ADDRESS>new TicTOC({
contentContainer: document.getElementById("article-content"),
mountTo: document.getElementById("toc")
});
In-browser CDN usage:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/<EMAIL_ADDRESS>
The project is built using Typescript, with minimal dependency usage.
Typedoc generated API references can be found here.
Generated using TypeDoc


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A collaboration project with @jaruesink, @gpfaff and @LZoog.
Align items to the start, center, end of a row, and with space between or space around the flex items.
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
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Flex items can grow to fill space also.
Items can fill space
2
3
A full width helper class can be applied to break up items within rows.
Full Width Content
1
2
3
Full Width Content
4
5
Flex items have multple growth levels (default: 4) that can be applied to change their fill width. .grow_2 will be 2x the size of .grow_1, and .grow_4 will be 2x the size of .grow_2.
2x
1x
1x
1x
2x
3x
4x
Shorthand classes are provided as an alternate method to creating columns of similar width.
1
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4
Under the across shorthand classes, flex items can use across classes to fill more than one column.
1
2
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4
2x
Adding _sm, _md, _lg, _xl to the end of some classes will only apply it at that screen size and up. If a responsive extension is added to the flex or across shorthand classes, then all flex items will be displayed as a block below that breakpoint.
1
2
3
Note: Notice on the small to medium breakpoint how across_4 fills the row, which is 2 items across, because of the two_across shorthand. These across shorthands for flex items currently have limited usage. They also rely on their parent row's responsive extensions and cannot have their own responsive extension. These should cover most use cases, but if you have an issue please submit one on github.
1
2
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4x
9
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Responsive extensions can be added to grow classes as well.
Note: We have set word-break: break-all; so the size can reflect accurately. Long words/no-wrapping can prevent the flex items basis width from shrinking.
1x
4x_sm 1x_md
4x_md 1x_lg
4x_lg
An example with responsive extentions on layout classes.
1
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The gutter default is set to 16px.
1
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3x
Full Width Content
3x
6
1_1
1_2
2_1
2_2
Flex items have a default order of 0. So negative order positions will move to the front, and positive order positions will move to the back
1
2
3
Order positions from -6 to 6 are supported as well as responsive extensions.
1
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6


Name:
Inside which HTML element do we put the JavaScript?
How do we create a function in javascript?
What type of language is JavaScript when it comes to passing arguments?
How do we write an IF statement in JavaScript?
The external JavaScript file must contain the "script" tag.


Baby needs a new pair of podiatrist-approved, orthotically-correct shoes. Yikes those are spendy!
5/18/2009, 12:40:59 PM
Favs: 0
Retweets: 0
link--- layout: tweet ---
Baby needs a new pair of podiatrist-approved, orthotically-correct shoes. Yikes those are spendy!
5/18/2009, 12:40:59 PM
Favs: 0
Retweets: 0
link


Before Change
// Each optimal pseudoknot order solution is represented in
// dot-bracket-notation
notations = [""]*len(pseudoknot_order)
for s, solution in enumerate(pseudoknot_order):
// Bases whose partners have an opened bracket
opened_brackets = set()
for pos in range(length):
if pos not in basepairs:
notations[s] += "."
else:
// Get position in ``basepairs`` and ``pseudoknot_order``
bp_pos = np.where(basepairs == pos)[0][0]
if pos in opened_brackets:
After Change
// Each optimal pseudoknot order solution is represented in
// dot-bracket-notation
notations = [
bytearray(("."*length).encode()) for _ in range(len(pseudoknot_order))
]
for s, solution in enumerate(pseudoknot_order):
for basepair, order in zip(basepairs, solution):
notations[s][basepair[0]] = _OPENING_BRACKETS_BYTES[order]
notations[s][basepair[1]] = _CLOSING_BRACKETS_BYTES[order]


*STAR
Copyright (c) 1980s/90s? Craige Schensted, Kadon
*Star is played on the following board:
- DEFINITIONS
- PERI - A cell from the board edge. There are 50.
- QUARK - Each one of the five corner peries.
- STAR - A connected group of stones of the same color that owns two or more peries. A group owns all the peries that it occupies plus the peries it surrounds that do not belong to another (inner) star.
- TURN - At each turn, each player drops a friendly stone on an empty cell.
- It is invalid to drop a stone on the middle cell (shaped as a star). This special cell establishes a virtual connection among all adjacent cells.
- GOAL - Wins the player with the highest scoring. The scoring is equal to A + B, where:
- A = the number of peries the player owns
- If the player owns at least 3 quarks, he gets an extra peri point.
- B = 2 * (the number of enemy stars minus the number of friendly stars).
Notice that parcel B means the less stars a player has, the better. So, one goal is to connect the friendly stars together. The other goal is, of course, to maximize the number of owned peri.
Peri Ownership [diagram from here] In the diagram, there are two black groups but just one star. The upper group only owns one peri, so it is not a star. The only black star owns 3 peri.
White has only one group which is a star since it owns 5 peri (including the peri occupied with a black stone). The white star does not own the peries owned by black's inner star. This white group also owns a quark (since it owns a corner peri).
Score Example [diagram from here] White has just one star, with 7 peries and 2 quarks. Black has three stars: (i) one with 8 peries and 2 quarks, (ii) one in the left with 3 peries and 1 quark, and (iii) another on the top with 2 peries. So, White owns 7 peries and Black 14 (including the extra peri for owning 3 quarks).
White has one star while Black has three, so parcel B is +4 for White and -4 for Black.
White gains 7+4=11 points, Black gains 14-4=10 points. White won the game.
The author says about this example: Note that the Black star which owns only two peries does not benefit Black at all. The negative "reward" Black gets for having another star exactly cancels out the two peries. The score would be exactly the same if White occupied one or both of these cells, or if neither player did. This is a positive feature which sets *Star apart from Star. Such a "trivial", easy-to-make star is worthless in *Star, whereas it is worth one point in Star.
Words from the author: *Star evolved from other connection strategy games. It is the end product of the evolution from Hex to Y to Poly-Y to Star to *Star. [...] *Star is a deep game with many levels of skill. A game between players at very different levels would not have the same tension and excitement as a game between equals, unless ... Fortunately *Star can easily be balanced between players of different ability without distorting the game. [...] There are two main ways of balancing the game. The *Star version of what Go players call "komi" is the first and simplest. Give a komi to the weaker player by adding one or more points (depending on the difference in skill) to their score and subtracting the same number of points from the stronger player's score (to keep the sum of their scores 51 points).
Check Kadon's website for much more information about the game, including tactical and strategic advises.


Sharing images on Docker Hub
Estimated reading time: 3 minutes- Orientation and setup
- Containerizing an application
- Deploying to Kubernetes
- Deploying to Swarm
- Sharing images on Docker Hub
Prerequisites
- Work through containerizing an application in Part 2.
Introduction
At this point, you’ve built a containerized application in Part 2, and potentially run it on Kubernetes in Part 3 or Swarm in Part 4, all on your local development machine thanks to Docker Desktop. The final step in developing a containerized application is to share your images on a registry like Docker Hub, so they can be easily downloaded and run on any destination cluster.
Setting Up Your Docker Hub Account
If you don’t yet have a Docker ID, follow these steps to set one up; this will allow you to share images on Docker Hub.
-
Visit the Docker Hub sign up page, https://hub.docker.com/signup.
-
Fill out the form and submit to create your Docker ID.
-
Click on the Docker icon in your toolbar or system tray, and click Sign In / Create Docker ID. Fill in your new Docker ID and password. If everything worked, your Docker ID will appear in the Docker Desktop dropdown in place of the ‘Sign In’ option you just used.
You can do the same thing from the command line by typing
docker login
.
Creating and Pushing to a Docker Hub Repository
At this point, you’ve set up your Docker Hub account and have connected it to your Docker Desktop. Now let’s make our first repo, and share our bulletin board app there.
-
Click on the Docker icon in your menu bar, and navigate to Repositories -> Create.... You’ll be taken to a Docker Hub page to create a new repository.
-
Fill out the Repository Name as
bulletinboard
. Leave all the other options alone for now, and click Create at the bottom. -
Now we’re ready to share our image on Docker Hub, but there’s one thing we must do first: images must be namespaced correctly to share on Docker Hub. Specifically, images must be named like
<Docker Hub ID>/<Repository Name>:<tag>
. We can relabel ourbulletinboard:1.0
image like this (of course please replacegordon
with your Docker ID):docker image tag bulletinboard:1.0 gordon/bulletinboard:1.0
-
Finally, push your image to Docker Hub:
docker image push gordon/bulletinboard:1.0
Visit your repository in Docker Hub, and you’ll see your new image there. Remember, Docker Hub repositories are public by default.
Having trouble pushing? Remember, you must be signed in to Docker Hub through Docker Desktop or the command line, and you must also name your images correctly, per the above steps. If the push seemed to work but you don’t see it in Docker Hub, refresh your browser after a couple of minutes and check again.
Conclusion
Now that your image is available on Docker Hub, you’ll be able to run it anywhere; if you try to use it on a new cluster that doesn’t have it yet, Docker will automatically try and download it from Docker Hub. By moving images around in this way, we no longer need to install any dependencies except Docker and our orchestrator on the machines we want to run our software on; the dependencies of our containerized applications are completely encapsulated and isolated within our images, which we can share via Docker Hub in the manner above.
Another thing to keep in mind: at the moment, we’ve only pushed your image to Docker Hub; what about your Dockerfiles, Kube YAML and stack files? A crucial best practice is to keep these in version control, perhaps alongside your source code for your application, and add a link or note in your Docker Hub repository description indicating where these files can be found, preserving the record not only of how your image was built, but how it’s meant to be run as a full application.
docker hub, push, images


Returns the first block on the free list of the specified size class.
(defmethod free-list-start ((heap free-list-heap) &optional (size-class 0))
"Returns the first block on the free list of the specified size class."
(aref (slot-value heap 'starts) size-class))
Source Context


Data Structures
Here are the data structures with brief descriptions:
| adc_channel_config | ADC channel configuration |
| adc_config | ADC configuration |
| dfll_config | Hardware-specific representation of DFLL configuration |
| fifo_desc_t | FIFO descriptor used by FIFO driver |
| genclk_config | Hardware representation of a set of generic clock parameters |
| nvm_device_id | Structure containing the device ID |
| nvm_device_serial | Structure containing the device serial |
| pll_config | Hardware-specific representation of PLL configuration |
| rtc_data_struct | Driver private struct |
| StructCPtr | Structure of pointers to constant 64-, 32-, 16- and 8-bit unsigned integers |
| StructCVPtr | Structure of pointers to constant volatile 64-, 32-, 16- and 8-bit unsigned integers |
| StructPtr | Structure of pointers to 64-, 32-, 16- and 8-bit unsigned integers |
| StructVPtr | Structure of pointers to volatile 64-, 32-, 16- and 8-bit unsigned integers |
| test_case | A single test case |
| test_suite | A test suite |
| Union16 | 16-bit union |
| Union32 | 32-bit union |
| Union64 | 64-bit union |
| UnionCPtr | Union of pointers to constant 64-, 32-, 16- and 8-bit unsigned integers |
| UnionCVPtr | Union of pointers to constant volatile 64-, 32-, 16- and 8-bit unsigned integers |
| UnionPtr | Union of pointers to 64-, 32-, 16- and 8-bit unsigned integers |
| UnionVPtr | Union of pointers to volatile 64-, 32-, 16- and 8-bit unsigned integers |


Hi! This is baymax. Your personal Mental Healthcare Assistant. Please answer the following question so that I can gauge your mental health status.
Are you very anxious, worried or scared about a lot of things in your life?
Never
Sometimes
Constantly
Do you feel that your worry is out of your control?
Never
Sometimes
Constantly
Do you feel restless, agitated, frantic, or tense?
Never
Sometimes
Constantly
Do you have trouble sleeping, staying asleep or don't feel well-rested after you wake up?
Never
Sometimes
Constantly
Does your heart skip beat, pound, or heart rate increases?
Never
Sometimes
Constantly
Do you sweating profusely?
Never
Sometimes
Constantly
Do your hands, legs or entire body shake, tremble, or feel tingly?
Never
Sometimes
Constantly
Do you have difficulty breathing or swallowing?
Never
Sometimes
Constantly
Do you have pain in your chest, almost like having a heart attack?

Never
Sometimes
Constantly
Do you have cold or hot flashes?

Never
Sometimes
Constantly
How frequently do you experience panic attacks ?
Never
Sometimes
Constantly
Did you purposely avoid situations or activities in which you might experience a panic attack?

Never
Sometimes
Constantly
Did you stop having fun doing things that you used to enjoy?
Never
Sometimes
Constantly
Did you lose or gain weight without trying to, or has your appetite changed?
Never
Sometimes
Constantly
Do you feel slowed down compared to your usual pace?
Never
Sometimes
Constantly
Do you keep thinking about death or taking your own life?
Never
Sometimes
Constantly
You became increasingly goal-oriented, taking on more activities than your normally would, and/or became easily distracted
Never
Sometimes
Constantly
Next
Manav Jain


Home
Pictures
Accomedations
Activities
Travel Arangments
Contact
Pictures
Activities
FOUNTAIN WATCH
fun for the family, unique altumite expiriance


The grid provides a layout for tabular data.
Use grids to display tabular data when:
Use context-menu dropdowns in the first column when users need to access multiple actions in the rows.
Use multiselect when:
Don't use multiselect when:
To allows users to select or clear all items and to view only the selected items, include the multiselect toolbar.
When users select rows, the summary action bar should fly in from the bottom of the page. Place actions that can be taken on the selected items in the summary action bar.
If users are likely to sort based on the data in columns, enable sorting so that they can click column headers to toggle between sorting in ascending and descending order for the specified fields in columns. If users need to sort by data in a templated column, use the sort component instead to allow them to choose the data to sort on.
If users are likely to work with a subset of items in the grid, enable filtering so that they can focus on those items.
When columns need to represent composite information instead of single values, use templated columns to lay out content as necessary.
Setting the
Setting the
Users can reorder columns by dragging and dropping.
Users can resize columns by clicking and dragging or by using the keyboard.
Grids tend to perform poorly in small viewports. The columns in fixed-width grids shrink down to the point of being unreadable, and scrolling grids require a lot of interaction to see all the content. Use repeaters instead if possible.


Welcome
At DorchesterCollection, the future is now. We think progressively by customizing products, services and technology. When you customize, every solution is an innovation. Those innovations - and the competitive advantages they create - have helped us earn incredible loyalty from some of the top financial institutions in the country.
We believe very strongly that partnering with the right people and the right organizations results in the greatest success for everyone involved. We're passionate about the partnerships we create - so much so that you have to experience it to believe it. Our clients are more to us than just a name or a number.
Big Data
Big data offers the opportunity to exploit a trove of company data and act on it, which has become a strategic imperative for business.
But historically SharePoint has not enabled complex analytic.
The truth is that SharePoint has largely been about small data.
As a refresher, big data refers to data sets that are large, complex and rich. Most organizations have historical data that may trace back many years and that is strategically valuable. The problem is that few organizations have the tools or expertise to exploit big data in the form of analytic.
Project Summary
The Project Summary web part provides a high-level view of the events and tasks involved in a project. By default, it is included on the Home page for a project site. It can also be added to any other site that includes a task list.
The left side of the Project Summary web part includes a countdown to the due date for the next task shown on the timeline. If the timeline is not displayed, the web part counts down to the due date for the task with the closest future due date. Next to the countdown, the web part can display either the timeline for the project, or a list of late and upcoming tasks and calendar events. You can use the arrow buttons, at the upper-right corner of the web part, to cycle between the timeline and the late/upcoming tasks and events.
BI Summary
The Project Summary web part provides a high-level view of the events and tasks involved in a project. By default, it is included on the Home page for a project site. It can also be added to any other site that includes a task list.
The left side of the Project Summary web part includes a countdown to the due date for the next task shown on the timeline. If the timeline is not displayed, the web part counts down to the due date for the task with the closest future due date. Next to the countdown, the web part can display either the timeline for the project, or a list of late and upcoming tasks and calendar events. You can use the arrow buttons, at the upper-right corner of the web part, to cycle between the timeline and the late/upcoming tasks and events.


ED25519 Edwards Elliptic Curve
NIST256 Weierstrass Elliptic Curve
ED448 Edwards Elliptic Curve
BN254 k=12 Pairing-Friendly BN Curve
BLS12383 k=12 Pairing-Friendly BLS Curve
BLS24479 k=24 Pairing-Friendly BLS Curve
BLS48556 k=48 Pairing-Friendly BLS Curve
RSA2048 RSA Method


Hello, I'm a multidisciplinary Designer from NYC.
I have a passion for interactive design, from building UI to developing games.


ground storage
Path: CARNOT/storage
Purpose
Three-dimensional ground storage model.
Description
This is a three dimensional model of a thermal ground storage where the heat is
transferred in the ground by a pipe heat exchanger in an S-form. The pipe is
lying in the depth z_pipe in a rectangular area (similar to an earth collector
for a heat pump). The heat transport in the ground is calculated with a finite
difference scheme (Patankar,
1980).
rho*cp * dT/dt = div (cond * grad T) + S
where S is the source term. For nodes with the heat exchanger pipe
S = U * A / dV * (Tfluid - T)
The plate is divided in two horizontal layers and three nodes in the direction of the pipes. Perpendicular to the pipes, the plate has one node for each pipe and one node between the pipe-nodes. The minimum is three nodes in this direction. The ground is divided relative to the number of nodes in the horizontal direction. There are two nodes on each side outside the plate:
Vertically, the top three nodes are equal to half the height of the pipe depth (= 0.5*z_pipe). For each consecutive node the height is increased by 0.5*z_pipe. The fourth node has a height of z_pipe, the fifth node of 1.5*z_pipe, ... You may specify a refining factor to increase the number of nodes in each direction. A factor of two gives the double number of nodes in each direction, in total 8 times the initial number of nodes. According to Albers (1991) the thermal properties of the ground can be classified into only four types. The filling of the area above the heat exchanger can be concrete.
The model gets the thermal conductivity and capacity from a table:
|
material |
conductivity [W/(m*K)] |
Capacity [J/(m3*K)] |
|
dry sand |
0.70 |
1382400 |
|
sand saturated with water |
1.88 |
1798200 |
|
humid clay |
1.45 |
2410560 |
|
clay saturated with water |
2.90 |
2864160 |
|
concrete |
1.28 |
1933800 |
Inputs:
Outputs:
The measurement points are below the outlet of the pipe. The sensors are distributed over the height (first sensor is at top, last at bottom). The surface models of the subset "surface model for ground storage" are used in the subsystem of the ground storage. The Weather data vector is transformed to a heat transfer vector for the region outside of the heat exchanger area. Specify the albedo of the ground for this region. For the region above the heat exchanger an isolated cover model is used. Specify the heat transfer coefficient for this region. You may use the open ground model or the isolated cover model for both regions. Just remove the old blocks and copy a new one at this place. (Break the library link before, otherwise you will modify the CARNOT-library.)
Literature:
Reuss: Erdsondenspeicher, 1993
Patankar Numerical Heat Transfer, 1980
Albers, K. A.: Untersuchungen zur Auslegung von Erdwärmetauschern
für die Konditionierung der Zuluft für Wohngebäude, Forschungsberichte des
Deutschen Kälte- und Klimatechnischen Vereins (DKV), Nr.32, Stuttgart, 1991
Parameters and Dialog Box
Characteristics
Direct Feedthrough Yes
Sample
time
Inherited
from driving block
States
corresponding
to the number of nodes
Vectorized
No


This test increments a static value in the fixture - meaning that the value will go above "1" if the class is run twice.


Usage: Hover mouse above the point you want to select, and on a selected point you can adjust the x, y, z coordinates and the weight of that point, all of these are feasible by scroll up / scroll down on the corresponding part of the appearing popup. Disappear popup: mouse click. Camera moving around the object: dragging with left mouse button. Camera moves: dragging with right mouse button, original position: middle mouse button. Zoom in / out: wheel up / down. Source code


abstract class Controller
Methods
| void |
beforeFilter($filter, array $options = array())
Register a "before" filter on the controler. |
|
| void |
afterFilter($filter, array $options = array())
Register an "after" filter on the controler. |
|
| array |
getBeforeFilters()
Get the registered "before" filters. |
|
| array |
getAfterFilters()
Get the registered "after" filters. |
|
| static RouteFiltererInterface |
getFilterer()
Get the route filterer implementation. |
|
| static void |
setFilterer(RouteFiltererInterface $filterer)
Set the route filterer implementation. |
|
| Response |
callAction(string $method, array $parameters)
Execute an action on the controller. |
|
| mixed |
missingMethod(string $method, array $parameters = array())
Handle calls to missing methods on the controller. |
|
| mixed |
__call(string $method, array $parameters)
Handle calls to missing methods on the controller. |
Details
at line 43
public void
beforeFilter($filter, array $options = array())
Register a "before" filter on the controler.
at line 55
public void
afterFilter($filter, array $options = array())
Register an "after" filter on the controler.
at line 138
public array
getBeforeFilters()
Get the registered "before" filters.
at line 148
public array
getAfterFilters()
Get the registered "after" filters.
at line 158
static public RouteFiltererInterface
getFilterer()
Get the route filterer implementation.
at line 169
static public void
setFilterer(RouteFiltererInterface $filterer)
Set the route filterer implementation.
at line 188
public Response
callAction(string $method, array $parameters)
Execute an action on the controller.
at line 214
public mixed
missingMethod(string $method, array $parameters = array())
Handle calls to missing methods on the controller.
at line 226
public mixed
__call(string $method, array $parameters)
Handle calls to missing methods on the controller.


Accurate and fast cell marker gene identification with COSG¶
Overview¶
COSG is a cosine similarity-based method for more accurate and scalable marker gene identification.
COSG is a general method for cell marker gene identification across different data modalities, e.g., scRNA-seq, scATAC-seq and spatially resolved transcriptome data.
Marker genes or genomic regions identified by COSG are more indicative and with greater cell-type specificity.
COSG is ultrafast for large-scale datasets, and is capable of identifying marker genes for one million cells in less than two minutes.
The method and benchmarking results are described in Dai et al., (2021).
Tutorial¶
The COSG tutorial provides a quick-start guide for using COSG and demonstrates the superior performance of COSG as compared with other methods, and the Jupyter notebook is also available.
Question¶
For questions about the code and tutorial, please contact Min Dai, daimin@zju.edu.cn.


{% extends "main/v8-hj/layout-v8-hj.html" %} {% block pageTitle %} NRS Diagnostic Prototype {% endblock %} {% block header %} {% include "includes/cookie-banner.html" %} {% endblock %} {% block beforeContent %} {% if back %} {{ govukBackLink({ text: back.text, href: back.href }) }} {% endif %} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
On the next page please try and find a test centre near you. Please use this fake postcode (not your own post code):
TD1 6WL


Try changing table window with buttons bellow to see how columns are being hidden or moved into a pop-in mode.
Current table width: {{ currentTableWidth }} pixels.
I'm in pop-in state


All email clients can display .png
, .gif
, and .jpg
images displayed with the <img>
tag. .svg
images are not well supported, regardless of how they’re referenced, so avoid using these.
Most images should be coded responsive by default, meaning they’ll scale down proportionately in small viewports. It’s safest to code all images this way, even if they don’t end up scaling in practice. However if we’re confident that an image will never scale, we can display a non-responsive image using less code.
{% header "h3", "Foreground image attributes" %}| Name | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
src |
attribute | Always set and use full https:// reference. |
width |
attribute | Always set to intended desktop width. |
height |
attribute | Optional. Use only for images that won’t scale. |
border |
attribute | Always set to 0 to avoid blue outlines on image links. |
alt |
attribute | Always include but can be left empty if image is ornamental (Eg. alt="" ). |
width |
inline CSS | [Responsive] Always set to 100% for responsive images. Optional for static images. |
max-width |
inline CSS | [Responsive] Always set to intended desktop width. Optional for static images. |
height |
inline CSS | [Responsive] Always set to auto for responsive images. Optional for static images. |
display |
inline CSS | Generally good practice to use `display:block;` when possible since it negates a few pixels of unwanted space below images in some clients. |
.g-img |
class | Advisable for images larger than ~300px wide. Prevents gmail from displaying an image download icon over images. |
width: 100%; max-width: (desktop-width)px;
in it's style=""
attribute. (desktop-width)px;
is the largest size an image should appear in on desktop. This allows images to scale down when their desktop width exceeds the width of its container.
{% endtip %}
Background images allow us to place additional HTML content on top of them, one of the few reliable ways to provide layering possibilities in email. A benefit of using background images over foreground images is, when paired with a background color, the HTML content on top of the background image remains accessible even when images are disabled.
Background images can be complicated to implement in email, as many properties need to be defined once in CSS and again in VML for Windows Outlook and Win10 Mail.
{% header "h3", "Background image attributes" %}| Name | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
background-image |
inline CSS | Always set and use full https:// reference. |
background-position |
inline CSS | Optional to set the size of the image. |
background-size |
inline CSS | Optional to set the position of the image. |
background-color |
inline CSS | Always set to make foreground HTML legible if background image doesn’t load. |
width |
VML in <v:rect> |
Always set to full container width. VML doesn’t account for padding, adjust as necessary. |
height |
VML in <v:rect> |
Always set to full container height. VML doesn’t account for padding, adjust as necessary. |
src |
VML in <v:fill> |
Always set and use full https:// reference. |
color (background color) |
VML in <v:fill> |
Always set to make foreground HTML legible if background image doesn’t load. |
| Foreground HTML content. |
|
Email has largely standardized on PNG, JPG, and GIF file formats. Animated GIFs are supported in all email clients, though Windows Outlook and Win10 Mail only display its first frame.
SVG is not well supported in most web email clients, including Gmail (which accounts for most of our email opens) and are completely blocked in Outlook. This includes base64 encoded images.
Ideally, images should be under ~100KB. Tools like Image Optim, Krackin, and TinyPNG help bring down a file size. Keep in mind that animated GIFs tend to get very large, so it’s a good idea to keep them simple and use them sparingly.
Images should be hosted within their respective ESP. Upload images in Iterable for Iterable emails, add images in GitHub for StackMail emails, etc. Images should not be referenced using services like Imgur or Dropbox, as they have a greater chance of being marked as spam.
{% header "h3", "Animated GIFs" %}Animated GIFs can help explain an interaction or add a bit of delight that isn’t possible with static email designs. However there are a couple things to consider when designing and preparing animated GIFs.


2 Timothy 4:21
Do thy diligence to come before winter. Eubulus greeteth thee, and Pudens, and Linus, and Claudia, and all the brethren.


Apache Flink 1.13.6 Release Announcement
February 18, 2022 - Konstantin Knauf (@snntrable)The Apache Flink Community is pleased to announce another bug fix release for Flink 1.13.
This release includes 99 bug and vulnerability fixes and minor improvements for Flink 1.13 including another upgrade of Apache Log4j (to 2.17.1). Below you will find a list of all bugfixes and improvements (excluding improvements to the build infrastructure and build stability). For a complete list of all changes see: JIRA.
We highly recommend all users to upgrade to Flink 1.13.6.
Release Artifacts #
Maven Dependencies #
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
<artifactId>flink-java</artifactId>
<version>1.13.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
<artifactId>flink-streaming-java_2.11</artifactId>
<version>1.13.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
<artifactId>flink-clients_2.11</artifactId>
<version>1.13.6</version>
</dependency>
Binaries #
You can find the binaries on the updated Downloads page.
Docker Images #
- library/flink (official images)
- apache/flink (ASF repository)
PyPi #
Release Notes #
Bug
- [FLINK-15987] - SELECT 1.0e0 / 0.0e0 throws NumberFormatException
- [FLINK-17914] - HistoryServer deletes cached archives if archive listing fails
- [FLINK-20195] - Jobs endpoint returns duplicated jobs
- [FLINK-20370] - Result is wrong when sink primary key is not the same with query
- [FLINK-21289] - Application mode ignores the pipeline.classpaths configuration
- [FLINK-23919] - PullUpWindowTableFunctionIntoWindowAggregateRule generates invalid Calc for Window TVF
- [FLINK-24232] - Archiving of suspended jobs prevents breaks subsequent archive attempts
- [FLINK-24255] - Test Environment / Mini Cluster do not forward configuration.
- [FLINK-24310] - A bug in the BufferingSink example in the doc
- [FLINK-24318] - Casting a number to boolean has different results between 'select' fields and 'where' condition
- [FLINK-24334] - Configuration kubernetes.flink.log.dir not working
- [FLINK-24366] - Unnecessary/misleading error message about failing restores when tasks are already canceled.
- [FLINK-24401] - TM cannot exit after Metaspace OOM
- [FLINK-24465] - Wrong javadoc and documentation for buffer timeout
- [FLINK-24492] - incorrect implicit type conversion between numeric and (var)char
- [FLINK-24506] - checkpoint directory is not configurable through the Flink configuration passed into the StreamExecutionEnvironment
- [FLINK-24509] - FlinkKafkaProducer example is not compiling due to incorrect constructer signature used
- [FLINK-24540] - Fix Resource leak due to Files.list
- [FLINK-24543] - Zookeeper connection issue causes inconsistent state in Flink
- [FLINK-24563] - Comparing timstamp_ltz with random string throws NullPointerException
- [FLINK-24597] - RocksdbStateBackend getKeysAndNamespaces would return duplicate data when using MapState
- [FLINK-24621] - JobManager fails to recover 1.13.1 checkpoint due to InflightDataRescalingDescriptor
- [FLINK-24662] - PyFlink sphinx check failed with "node class 'meta' is already registered, its visitors will be overridden"
- [FLINK-24667] - Channel state writer would fail the task directly if meeting exception previously
- [FLINK-24676] - Schema does not match if explain insert statement with partial column
- [FLINK-24678] - Correct the metric name of map state contains latency
- [FLINK-24708] - `ConvertToNotInOrInRule` has a bug which leads to wrong result
- [FLINK-24728] - Batch SQL file sink forgets to close the output stream
- [FLINK-24761] - Fix PartitionPruner code gen compile fail
- [FLINK-24846] - AsyncWaitOperator fails during stop-with-savepoint
- [FLINK-24860] - Fix the wrong position mappings in the Python UDTF
- [FLINK-24885] - ProcessElement Interface parameter Collector : java.lang.NullPointerException
- [FLINK-24922] - Fix spelling errors in the word "parallism"
- [FLINK-25022] - ClassLoader leak with ThreadLocals on the JM when submitting a job through the REST API
- [FLINK-25067] - Correct the description of RocksDB's background threads
- [FLINK-25084] - Field names must be unique. Found duplicates
- [FLINK-25091] - Official website document FileSink orc compression attribute reference error
- [FLINK-25096] - Issue in exceptions API(/jobs/:jobid/exceptions) in flink 1.13.2
- [FLINK-25199] - StreamEdges are not unique in self-union, which blocks propagation of watermarks
- [FLINK-25362] - Incorrect dependencies in Table Confluent/Avro docs
- [FLINK-25468] - Local recovery fails if local state storage and RocksDB working directory are not on the same volume
- [FLINK-25486] - Perjob can not recover from checkpoint when zookeeper leader changes
- [FLINK-25494] - Duplicate element serializer during DefaultOperatorStateBackendSnapshotStrategy#syncPrepareResources
- [FLINK-25513] - CoFlatMapFunction requires both two flat_maps to yield something
- [FLINK-25559] - SQL JOIN causes data loss
- [FLINK-25683] - wrong result if table transfrom to DataStream then window process in batch mode
- [FLINK-25728] - Potential memory leaks in StreamMultipleInputProcessor
- [FLINK-25732] - Dispatcher#requestMultipleJobDetails returns non-serialiable collection
Improvement
- [FLINK-21407] - Clarify which sources and APIs support which formats
- [FLINK-20443] - ContinuousProcessingTimeTrigger doesn't fire at the end of the window
- [FLINK-21467] - Document possible recommended usage of Bounded{One/Multi}Input.endInput and emphasize that they could be called multiple times
- [FLINK-23842] - Add log messages for reader registrations and split requests.
- [FLINK-24631] - Avoiding directly use the labels as selector for deployment and service
- [FLINK-24739] - State requirements for Flink's application mode in the documentation
- [FLINK-24987] - Enhance ExternalizedCheckpointCleanup enum
- [FLINK-25160] - Make doc clear: tolerable-failed-checkpoints counts consecutive failures
- [FLINK-25415] - implement retrial on connections to Cassandra container
- [FLINK-25611] - Remove CoordinatorExecutorThreadFactory thread creation guards
- [FLINK-25818] - Add explanation how Kafka Source deals with idleness when parallelism is higher then the number of partitions
Technical Debt
- [FLINK-24740] - Update testcontainers dependency to v1.16.2
- [FLINK-24796] - Exclude javadocs / node[_modules] directories from CI compile artifact
- [FLINK-25472] - Update to Log4j 2.17.1
- [FLINK-25375] - Update Log4j to 2.17.0
- [FLINK-25576] - Update com.h2database:h2 to 2.0.206


Tech Occupation:
531,200
Projection of New Tech Jobs
88,240
Mean Annual Salary
11
Percent Job Growth in 2029
5
States considered today's Top Tech Hubs


I am Founder & CEO at Creative Analytics a company that provides Digital Marketing Services and CTO at Timeless Pieces a local e-Commerce shop and Co-Founder at Go World Serversa company that provides Hosting and Domain Registration and a programming and Cyber Security enthusiast. My skills includes Pen Tester, Android, PHP, Python, Angular JS, Java and lots more. If you have any idea that you would want me to develop?
Let's talk:
As a full-service, I help you bring your ideas to life. I offer a complete range of creative services that engage and inspire at every touch point. From logos to brand books, to print and digital, I've got you covered!
I offer a variety of website design and development services, from creating mobile web development solutions and responsive website designs, to building custom e-commerce and intranet experiences using the latest and proven web technologies.
Your customers are already interacting with brands through social media, and if you're not speaking directly to your audience through social platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Pinterest, you're missing out!
This article provides sample codes and JSON responses. This API enables Paybill and Buy Goods merchants to integrate to M-Pesa and receive real time payments notifications.
Read moreThis article will briefly explain what ORM is, what an ORM library is, and why you should using one in your project.
Read moreThe best thing about modern development is that there is a tremendous amount of available resources.
Read moreAre you looking for a proven way to boost site engagement, conversions, and sales? If you are, look no further than your email list.
Read moreWhile working on a project with Angular 4, I had to choose a CSS framework to built its layout with.
Read more


--- layout: default title: "Ed." ---
This is my homepage, using Ed, a Jekyll theme designed for textual editors based on minimal computing principles


|
fop 0.94 | ||||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | ||||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
java.lang.Object org.apache.fop.apps.Fop
Primary class that activates the FOP process for embedded usage.
JAXP is the standard method of embedding FOP in Java programs. Please check our embedding page for samples (these are also available within the distribution in FOP_DIR\examples\embedding)
Methods within FOUserAgent are available to customize portions of the process. For example, a specific Renderer object can be specified, also ElementMappings which determine elements in the FO that can be processed) can be added.
At the moment, it is recommended not to reuse an instance of this class for more than one rendering run.
| Constructor Summary | |
Fop(java.lang.String outputFormat)
Deprecated. End-users should use FopFactory.newFop(String) instead!
This constructor will become invisible with FOP 1.0. |
|
Fop(java.lang.String outputFormat,
FOUserAgent ua)
Deprecated. End-users should use FopFactory.newFop(String, FOUserAgent) instead!
This constructor will become invisible with FOP 1.0. |
|
Fop(java.lang.String outputFormat,
FOUserAgent ua,
java.io.OutputStream stream)
Deprecated. End-users should use FopFactory.newFop(String, FOUserAgent, OutputStream)
instead! This constructor will become invisible with FOP 1.0. |
| Method Summary | |
org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler |
getDefaultHandler()
Returns the DefaultHandler object used to generate the document. |
FormattingResults |
getResults()
Returns the results of the rendering process. |
FOUserAgent |
getUserAgent()
Get the FOUserAgent instance for this process |
static java.lang.String |
getVersion()
Deprecated. Use Version.getVersion() instead!
This method will be removed with FOP 1.0. |
void |
setOutputStream(java.io.OutputStream stream)
Deprecated. Use one of the factory methods on FopFactory with an OutputStream
parameter instead. This method will be removed with FOP 1.0. |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
| Constructor Detail |
public Fop(java.lang.String outputFormat, FOUserAgent ua, java.io.OutputStream stream) throws FOPException
FopFactory.newFop(String, FOUserAgent, OutputStream)
instead! This constructor will become invisible with FOP 1.0.
outputFormat
- the MIME type of the output format to use (ex. "application/pdf").ua
- FOUserAgent objectstream
- the output stream
FOPException
- if setting up the DefaultHandler failspublic Fop(java.lang.String outputFormat, FOUserAgent ua) throws FOPException
FopFactory.newFop(String, FOUserAgent)
instead!
This constructor will become invisible with FOP 1.0.
outputFormat
- the MIME type of the output format to use (ex. "application/pdf").ua
- FOUserAgent object
FOPException
- if setting up the DefaultHandler failspublic Fop(java.lang.String outputFormat)
FopFactory.newFop(String)
instead!
This constructor will become invisible with FOP 1.0.
outputFormat
- the MIME type of the output format to use (ex. "application/pdf").| Method Detail |
public FOUserAgent getUserAgent()
public void setOutputStream(java.io.OutputStream stream)
FopFactory
with an OutputStream
parameter instead. This method will be removed with FOP 1.0.
stream
- the stream to output the result of rendering topublic org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler getDefaultHandler() throws FOPException
FOPException
- if setting up the DefaultHandler failspublic FormattingResults getResults()
public static java.lang.String getVersion()
Version.getVersion()
instead!
This method will be removed with FOP 1.0.
|
fop 0.94 | ||||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | ||||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |


Three NHS workers die suddenly while working for same 'toxic' ambulance trust
EXCLUSIVE: Ambulance dispatcher Luke Wright and paramedics Christopher Gill and Richard Grimes all died suddenly after a whistleblower raised concerns about psychological abuse
by Alan Selby, https://www.facebook.com/dailymirror/An ambulance service where three staff have died of suspected suicide in two weeks has been accused of a toxic culture.
Ambulance dispatcher Luke Wright, 24, and paramedics Christopher Gill and Richard Grimes were found dead between November 11 and November 21.
Shortly before their deaths a whistleblower wrote to the East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust’s boss complaining about psychological abuse.
Former health minister and local Lib Dem MP Norman Lamb, who also received the letter, is calling for an independent investigation into the deaths.
He said: “For three people working on the front line to lose their lives within such a short space of time is deeply shocking.
“It does raise a question as to whether there needs to be a thorough internal investigation.
"I am conscious that people have complained about a toxic culture in this trust. I’ve been appalled by some of the behaviours that I’ve seen in the organisation.”
Dad-of-one Luke was in Norwich while Chris was from Welwyn Garden City, Herts, and Richard in Luton, Beds.
Luke’s brother Daniel, who also works for the service, said: “We need to highlight that it is OK not to be OK. People need to talk to get help.”
The whistleblower’s letter, uncovered by the Ambulance News Desk site, claimed that bullying behaviour was undermining staff confidence.
It said: “If this situation continues the risk of suicide and increase risk to patients will result in reputational damage to the NHS and potential loss of life.”
Dr Tom Davis, medical director of the service, said: “We will not be commenting on the unfortunate and tragic loss of our colleagues recently as we need to be sympathetic
“But we encourage staff to seek support when they need it and to speak up if they are suffering with mental health.”
Samaritans can be contacted on 116 123 or by emailing jo@samaritans.org


Dormy Home Rental Services
CSC648 Team 01
San Francisco State University
Apartment
Condo
House
Login / Register


{% extends "pdf/pdf_base.html" %}
{% block layout_style %}
{% endblock %}
{% block extra_style %}
{% endblock %}
{%block page_header%}
{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
NAME
{{ event.pool.contact.firstName }} {{ event.pool.contact.lastName }} |
DATE
{{ today|date:"m/d/Y" }} |
MAIL CODE:
135 |
PHONE:
{{ event.pool.contact.phone }} |
MOC and RC (EDS) |
SHIP TO: (RECIPIENT’S NAME)
INDIVIDUAL’S NAME/ATTN:
{{ event.shipping_contact.firstName }} {{ event.shipping_contact.lastName }}
COMPANY NAME:
{{ event.shipping_contact.company }}
STREET NO./ADDRESS (NO P.O. BOX)
{{ event.shipping_contact.address1 }}
ROOM, SUITE, MAIL CODE
{{ event.shipping_contact.address2 }}
CITY, STATE, ZIP CODE (Must have “Zip” on all Shipments)
{{ event.shipping_contact.city }}, {{ event.shipping_contact.state }} {{ event.shipping_contact.zip }}
PHONE
{{ event.shipping_contact.phone }}
|
|
|
NEED DATE:
{{ event.start |date:"m/d/Y"}} ☒ AM (By 10:30) ☐ PM |
COST CENTER (UGS)
{{ event.pool.cost_center }} |
SPECIAL SERVICES
☐ No Signature Required
☐ Saturday Delivery
☐ Courier Services (For Local Deliveries)
☐ Certified Mail
|
|
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
{{ event.caseAssigned.count }} cases of laptops for {{ event.title }} event.
{% for case in event.caseAssigned.all %}
{{ case.caseName }}________
{% endfor %}
|
TO BE COMPLETED BY SHIPPING DEPARTMENT
|
SHIPPING CHARGES
|
FREIGHT WEIGHT
|
{% endblock %}


Try these small examples:
aliasing |
intro |
factorial |
fibonacci |
memoized fib |
square root |
insertion sort
filter |
tokenize |
OOP |
gcd |
sumList |
towers of hanoi |
exceptions
Examples from the MIT
6.01 course:
list map |
summation |
OOP 1 |
OOP 2 |
inheritance
Then try some sample programming questions:
Solve:
Two-sum |
Reverse list |
Remove duplicate chars
Debug:
In-place reverse |
Binary search |
Mergesort
Optimize:
Greatest sum |
Find duplicates |
List search
|
Use left and right arrow keys to step through this code:
Step ? of ?
|


Android Holo Colors Generator
- Why does it genereate so many pictures ?
- Why the low density (ldpi) is not generated ?
- My application crash on gingerbread or froyo when adding optical bounds (red borders).
- Why the ProgressBar is not with my color ?
- On Mac OS, when I copy the folders, it overwrite previous content
- The generator does not provide action bar files, how to get them ?
- How to use TabWidget ?
- How to help you to improve the generator ?
Why does it genereate so many pictures ?
Android Holo Colors Generator is based upon the default holo theme (in Android source code) which use as many pictures as there (and even more !). You
may remove those you won't use and adjust the styles.xml to unreference those pictures. For example, if you
never disable widgets, you can remove the "disabled" pictures. You can also remove density you don't want,
for example mdpi. In that case, if a device with medium density use your application, hdpi pictures will be
used. As you can see, we do not generate ldpi, to avoid many more pictures (see Why the low
density (ldpi) is not generated ?).
Why the low density (ldpi) is not generated ?
Android Holo Colors Generator is based upon the default holo theme (in Android source code) which does not provide any picture for low density devices.
Moreover, ldpi represents less than 2% of the Android Market Share. Finally, if a
device is in ldpi, it will use the mdpi or hdpi pictures (more
info).
My application crash on gingerbread or froyo when adding optical bounds (red borders).
Indeed, Google introduced a new PNG processor in gradle plugin 0.9.1 (see documentation).
This PNG processor does not crunch the png as before, so that application crash at runtime (see this issue).
The solution is to use the old png processor in your gradle build (when using 0.9.+) :
android.aaptOptions.useAaptPngCruncher = true
Thanks to Javier Silva for this solution.
Why the ProgressBar is not with my color ?
When using a ProgressBar, the default picture is the rolling ProgressBar. In order to get your pictures, set
the following to your ProgresBar :
style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
On Mac OS, when I copy the folders, it overwrite previous
content
It is the default behavior of Finder. To avoid this, use another tool, for example muCommander or command
line : ditto origin_folder destination_folder
The generator does not provide action bar files, how to get them ?
There is another website for that. Go to actionbarstylegenerator
to get your action bar pictures.
How to use TabWidget ?
You should have a look at google documentation for the basis. To use the custom color, replace the default
indicator like this:
View tabIndicator = LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.tab_indicator_holo,
mTabHost.getTabWidget(), false);
TextView title = (TextView) tabIndicator.findViewById(android.R.id.title);
title.setText("Tab 1");
How to help you to improve the generator ?
You can help with
a donation :


--- layout: post title: "Learning Equivariant and Hybrid Message Passing on Graphs" subtitle: "Max Welling, University of Amsterdam" date: 2020-05-06 11:00:0 +0000 background: '/img/posts/welling_banner.png' future_date: False layer_shift: True ---
In this talk I will extend graph neural nets in two directions. First, we will ask if we can formulate a GNN on meshes of two dimensional manifolds. Previous approaches mostly used standard GNNs which are invariant to permutations of the input nodes. However, we show this is unnecessarily restrictive. Instead, we define mesh-CNNs which are equivariant and allow more general kernels. Second we will study how to incorporate information about the data generating process into GNNs. Belief propagation is a form of GNN with no learnable parameters that performs inference in a generative graphical model. We subsequently augment BP by a trainable GNN to correct the mistakes of BP, in order to improve predictive performance. Experiments show the increased power of both methods.
Prof. Dr. Max Welling is a research chair in Machine Learning at the University of Amsterdam and a VP Technologies at Qualcomm. He has a secondary appointment as a senior fellow at the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR). He is co-founder of “Scyfer BV” a university spin-off in deep learning which got acquired by Qualcomm in summer 2017. In the past he held postdoctoral positions at Caltech (’98-’00), UCL (’00-’01) and the U. Toronto (’01-’03). He received his PhD in ’98 under supervision of Nobel laureate Prof. G. ‘t Hooft. Max Welling has served as associate editor in chief of IEEE TPAMI from 2011-2015 (impact factor 4.8). He serves on the board of the NIPS foundation since 2015 (the largest conference in machine learning) and has been program chair and general chair of NIPS in 2013 and 2014 respectively. He was also program chair of AISTATS in 2009 and ECCV in 2016 and general chair of MIDL 2018. He has served on the editorial boards of JMLR and JML and was an associate editor for Neurocomputing, JCGS and TPAMI. He received multiple grants from Google, Facebook, Yahoo, NSF, NIH, NWO and ONR-MURI among which an NSF career grant in 2005. He is recipient of the ECCV Koenderink Prize in 2010. Welling is in the board of the Data Science Research Center in Amsterdam, he directs the Amsterdam Machine Learning Lab (AMLAB), and co-directs the Qualcomm-UvA deep learning lab (QUVA) and the Bosch-UvA Deep Learning lab (DELTA). Max Welling has over 250 scientific publications in machine learning, computer vision, statistics and physics and an h-index of 62.
The event will take place on Wednesday, 06 May, 2020 at 11:00am . It will be a joint event with the DKFZ Data Science Seminar and will take place online. You can join the live stream at this URL and ask questions via chat! Kindly help us plan ahead by registering for the event on our meetup page.


This project includes two files. A static index.html file as the homepage, and a style.css file for styling.
index.html
style.css


SMBSync2 is a tool for synchronizing files over the wireless LAN using the SMB1 or SMB2 protocol between the Android device internal storage, SDCARD and USB flash and the PC/NAS. It can be sync in one direction to the target from the master. Three Sync methods are available.（mirror, move, copies）
Can start the synchronization by external application (Tasker, AutoMagic etc) or SMBSync2 schedule.
Mirror
If master and target files are different, to copied files from master to the target directory. To delete target files and directories if does not exist in the master.
Move
If master and target files are different, to copied files from master to the target directory. To delete the master directories and files copied to the target.
However, the master and target same name, same file modification time and file size, to delete the file on the master without copying files.
Copy
If master and target files are different, to copied files from master to the target directory. However, the same file modification time and file size with the same name does not copy the master and target.
Note1:
The difference file is one of the following three conditions.
1. File does not exist
2. Different file sizes
3. Different over when last updated 3 seconds
If it is not permitted to change the last update time of the file by the application, the last update time of the file is recorded in the management file and it is used to judge the difference file. Therefore, if you copy a file other than SMBSync 2 or there is no management file, the file will be copied.
Note2:
The last update time of the file sync to the internal storage may be rewritten to the sync time depending on the model. Also, the last update time of external SDCARD is always rewritten to synchronized time due to system limitation.
Note 3:
If you want to sync on a schedule sync or background in Android 6.0 or higher, please disable the optimization of the battery.
l jcifs-ng 2.1 SNAPSHOT ClientLibrary
l Zip4J 1.3.2
Link to Google :
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B77t0XpnNT7OYzZ0U01rR0VRMlk/view?usp=sharing


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block content %}
Track how your players earn and spend virtual currency. Learn how they progress through the game. See comprehensive player logs, and freely export to CSV.
Change all the prices for virtual goods and IAPs in real-time. Simplify your operation, and control your virtual economy. Stay in sync with your players and instantly take action.
Develop complex pricing strategies that can target everything from large groups down to single players. Experiment with prices for each segment to optimize retention and monetization.
Fully controllable by code. Automate analytics and in-game price management. Connect Liftpass with other third-party services.
The open source SDK can integrate seamlessly with any kind of game. Works on iOS, Android, and Unity.
Designed with the whole virtual economy in mind, Liftpass can scale on any cloud architecture - from a few thousand players to millions. Easily extend and customize the backend to fit your needs and existing infrastructure.
With Liftpass, you can track how players progress through your game and use the information to adjust in-game prices accordingly. For example, reduce the price for the shotgun if a player is struggling in the beginning, or increase the price for the Bazooka to challenge experts in the final levels.
{% highlight 'objective-c' %} [[Liftpass sharedInstance] incrementNumberMetric:RoundsWon]; [[Liftpass sharedInstance] updateNumberMetric:CoinsCollected withValue:coinsCollected]; {% endhighlight %}Have you ever considered that certain countries are more drawn towards some virtual goods in your game than others? Your Japanese players might prefer the samurai sword, while your fans in the Australia like the boomerang. Liftpass allows you to take these insights and create pricing strategies for each country.
Goods, Default, JP, AU
samurai-sword, 600, 800, 700
boomerang, 500, 500, 700
Liftpass allows you to export all player data you record in your game. Just download a CSV or JSON file, and use it for in-depth analysis with another analytics tool, or sell it to user acquisition or advertising vendors for some extra cash.
GET /analytics/export/v1/2015-03-6/2015-04-12/
Keep experimenting with prices for virtual goods and IAP. If some of your changes are unsuccessful, don’t worry: you can always go back to the last known price configuration. Liftpass enables you to create various price sets. It also logs and manages all of your historical price sets and A/B testing configurations. Serve the right prices to the right players at the right time.
POST /analytics/abtest/v1/
Struggling to find the right prices for your players?


Jan 2017 - Dec 2018
Project Purple is a prototype for a 2D action RPG. I built the game and the engine using SDL2 and OpenGL. I had done some work in the past with game programming, but never developed engine components, so I wanted to get some hands on experience working in the guts of an engine. I created an entity component system that uses json files as input for all the actors and levels, making it easy to tweak game actors without recompiling everything. With the seeds of an interesting project and the technology, I may expand the prototype into a full game in the future.
Source Code


The ProgrammerHumor Code of Conduct
All delegates, speakers, sponsors and volunteers at any ProgrammerHumor
event are required to agree with the following code of conduct.
Organizers will enforce this code throughout the event.
The Quick Version
ProgrammerHumor is dedicated to providing a harassment-free event
experience for everyone, regardless of gender, gender identity and
expression, age, sexual orientation, disability, physical appearance,
body size, race, ethnicity, religion (or lack thereof), or technology
choices. We do not tolerate harassment of event participants in any
form. Sexual language and imagery is not appropriate for any event
venue, including talks, workshops, parties, Twitter and other online
media. event participants violating these rules may be sanctioned
or expelled from the event without a refund at the discretion of
the event organisers.

Participants asked to stop any harassing behavior are expected to comply immediately.
Sponsors are also subject to the anti-harassment policy. In
particular, sponsors should not use sexualized images, activities, or
other material. Booth staff (including volunteers) should not use
sexualized clothing/uniforms/costumes, or otherwise create a sexualized
environment.
If a participant engages in harassing behavior, the event
organizers may take any action they deem appropriate, including warning
the offender or expulsion from the event with no refund.
If you are being harassed, notice that someone else is being
harassed, or have any other concerns, please contact a member of
event staff immediately. Staff can be identified by the "PROJECT MANAGERS" role on discord, and a green username on reddit.
event staff will be happy to help participants contact security or law enforcement, or
otherwise assist those experiencing harassment to feel safe for the
duration of the event. We value your attendance.
We expect participants to follow these rules at all event channels and event-related social events.
The above is a modified version of: JSConf code of conduct
The Ethical Suggestions
You must follow everything above, but everything below is mearly a suggestion. We have borrowed the idea off of the sqlite code of ethics, and
we believe that anyone who follows everything below will live a happier and more productive life, but individuals are free to dispute or ignore that advice if they wish.

- Then, love your neighbor as yourself.
- Do not murder.
- Do not commit adultery.
- Do not steal.
- Do not covet.
- Do not bear false witness.
- Honor all.
- Do not do to another what you would not have done to yourself.
- Deny oneself in order to follow Christ.
- Chastise the body.
- Do not become attached to pleasures.
- Use Arch btw.
- Love fasting.
- Relieve the poor.
- Clothe the naked.
- Visit the sick.
- Bury the dead.
- Be a help in times of trouble.
- Console the sorrowing.
- Be a stranger to the world's ways.
- Prefer nothing more than the love of Christ.
- Do not give way to anger.
- Do not nurse a grudge.
- Do not entertain deceit in your heart.
- Do not give a false peace.
- Do not forsake charity.
- Do not use tabs.
- Do not swear, for fear of perjuring yourself.
- Utter only truth from heart and mouth.
- Do not return evil for evil.
- Do no wrong to anyone, and bear patiently wrongs done to yourself.
- Love your enemies.

- Bear persecution for justice's sake.
- Be not proud.
- Be not addicted to wine.
- Be not a great eater.
- Be not drowsy.
- Be not lazy.
- Be not a grumbler.
- Be not a detractor.
- Be not a teemo player.
- Put your hope in God.
- Attribute to God, and not to self, whatever good you see in yourself.
- Recognize always that evil is your own doing,
and to impute it to yourself.
- Fear the Day of Judgment.
- Be in dread of hell.
- Desire eternal life with all the passion of the spirit.

- Keep constant guard over the actions of your life.
- Know for certain that God sees you everywhere.
- When wrongful thoughts come into your heart, dash them against
Christ immediately.
- Disclose wrongful thoughts to your spiritual mentor.
- Guard your tongue against evil and depraved speech.
- Do not love much talking.
- Speak no useless words or words that move to laughter.
- Do not love much or boisterous laughter.
- Listen willingly to holy reading.
- Devote yourself frequently to prayer.
- Daily in your prayers, with tears and sighs, confess your
past sins to God, and amend them for the future.
- Fulfill not the desires of the flesh; hate your own will.
- Obey in all things the commands of those whom God has placed
in authority over you even though they (which God forbid) should
act otherwise, mindful of the Lord's precept, "Do what they say,
but not what they do."
- Do not wish to be called holy before one is holy; but first to be
holy, that you may be truly so called.
- Fulfill God's commandments daily in your deeds.
- Love chastity.
- Hate no one.
- Be not jealous, nor harbor envy.
- Do not love quarreling.
- Do not trade stonks with your student loans.
- Shun arrogance.
- Respect your seniors.
- Love your juniors.
- Pray for your enemies in the love of Christ.
- Make peace with your adversary before the sun sets.
- Never despair of God's mercy.


Author: Brian Leathem
Level: Beginner
Technologies: CDI, JSF, RichFaces
Summary: Similar to the helloworld quickstart, but with a JSF front end
Target Product: WildFly
Source: https://github.com/richfaces/as-quickstarts
This project demonstrates how to create a Java EE 7 compliant application using JSF 2.2, CDI 1.2, and RichFaces 4.5.
In this example, a standard JSF h:inputText
component is AJAX enabled using the RichFaces a4j:ajax tag
. This triggers the application server to re-render only a subsection of the page on a browser event.
All you need to build this project is Java 8 (Java SDK 1.8) or better, Maven 3.1 or better.
The application this project produces is designed to be run on JBoss WildFly.
If you have not yet done so, you must Configure Maven before testing the quickstarts.
For Linux: JBOSS_HOME/bin/standalone.sh
For Windows: JBOSS_HOME\bin\standalone.bat
NOTE: The following build command assumes you have configured your Maven user settings. If you have not, you must include Maven setting arguments on the command line. See Build and Deploy the Quickstarts for complete instructions and additional options.
mvn clean package wildfly:deploy
This will deploy target/wildfly-helloworld-rf.war
to the running instance of the server.
The application will be running at the following URL: http://localhost:8080/wildfly-helloworld-rf/.
mvn wildfly:undeploy
You can also start the server and deploy the quickstarts from Eclipse using JBoss tools. For more information, see Use JBoss Developer Studio or Eclipse to Run the Quickstarts
If you want to debug the source code or look at the Javadocs of any library in the project, run either of the following commands to pull them into your local repository. The IDE should then detect them.
mvn dependency:sources
mvn dependency:resolve -Dclassifier=javadoc


public MessagingService
A interface MessagingService
sits at the boundary between a message routing / networking layer and the core platform code.
A messaging system must provide the ability to send 1:many messages, potentially to an abstract "group", the membership of which is defined elsewhere. Messages are atomic and the system guarantees that a sent message eventually will arrive in the exact form it was sent, however, messages can be arbitrarily re-ordered or delayed.
Example implementations might be a custom P2P layer, Akka, Apache Kafka, etc. It is assumed that the message layer is reliable and as such messages may be stored to disk once queued.
interface MessagingService
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
MessageHandlerRegistration |
addMessageHandler(java.lang.String topic,
long sessionID,
kotlin.jvm.functions.Function2<? super net.corda.core.messaging.ReceivedMessage,? super net.corda.core.messaging.MessageHandlerRegistration,kotlin.Unit> callback)
The provided function will be invoked for each received message whose topic matches the given string. The callback
will run on threads provided by the messaging service, and the callback is expected to be thread safe as a result.
|
MessageHandlerRegistration |
addMessageHandler(TopicSession topicSession,
kotlin.jvm.functions.Function2<? super net.corda.core.messaging.ReceivedMessage,? super net.corda.core.messaging.MessageHandlerRegistration,kotlin.Unit> callback)
The provided function will be invoked for each received message whose topic and session matches. The callback
will run on threads provided by the messaging service, and the callback is expected to be thread safe as a result.
|
Message |
createMessage(TopicSession topicSession,
byte[] data,
java.util.UUID uuid)
Returns an initialised
interface Message with the current time, etc, already filled in. |
MessageRecipients |
getAddressOfParty(PartyInfo partyInfo)
Given information about either a specific node or a service returns its corresponding address
|
SingleMessageRecipient |
getMyAddress()
Returns an address that refers to this node.
|
void |
removeMessageHandler(MessageHandlerRegistration registration)
Removes a handler given the object returned from addMessageHandler. The callback will no longer be invoked once
this method has returned, although executions that are currently in flight will not be interrupted.
|
void |
send(Message message,
MessageRecipients target)
Sends a message to the given receiver. The details of how receivers are identified is up to the messaging
implementation: the type system provides an opaque high level view, with more fine grained control being
available via type casting. Once this function returns the message is queued for delivery but not necessarily
delivered: if the recipients are offline then the message could be queued hours or days later.
|
MessageHandlerRegistration addMessageHandler(java.lang.String topic, long sessionID, kotlin.jvm.functions.Function2<? super net.corda.core.messaging.ReceivedMessage,? super net.corda.core.messaging.MessageHandlerRegistration,kotlin.Unit> callback)
The provided function will be invoked for each received message whose topic matches the given string. The callback will run on threads provided by the messaging service, and the callback is expected to be thread safe as a result.
The returned object is an opaque handle that may be used to un-register handlers later with MessagingService.removeMessageHandler
.
The handle is passed to the callback as well, to avoid race conditions whereby the callback wants to unregister
itself and yet addMessageHandler hasn't returned the handle yet.
topic
- identifier for the general subject of the message, for example "platform.network_map.fetch".
The topic can be the empty string to match all messages (session ID must be DEFAULT_SESSION_ID).sessionID
- identifier for the session the message is part of. For services listening before
a session is established, use DEFAULT_SESSION_ID.MessagingService.removeMessageHandler
MessageHandlerRegistration addMessageHandler(TopicSession topicSession, kotlin.jvm.functions.Function2<? super net.corda.core.messaging.ReceivedMessage,? super net.corda.core.messaging.MessageHandlerRegistration,kotlin.Unit> callback)
The provided function will be invoked for each received message whose topic and session matches. The callback will run on threads provided by the messaging service, and the callback is expected to be thread safe as a result.
The returned object is an opaque handle that may be used to un-register handlers later with MessagingService.removeMessageHandler
.
The handle is passed to the callback as well, to avoid race conditions whereby the callback wants to unregister
itself and yet addMessageHandler hasn't returned the handle yet.
topicSession
- identifier for the topic and session to listen for messages arriving on.MessagingService.removeMessageHandler
void removeMessageHandler(MessageHandlerRegistration registration)
Removes a handler given the object returned from addMessageHandler. The callback will no longer be invoked once this method has returned, although executions that are currently in flight will not be interrupted.
void send(Message message, MessageRecipients target)
Sends a message to the given receiver. The details of how receivers are identified is up to the messaging implementation: the type system provides an opaque high level view, with more fine grained control being available via type casting. Once this function returns the message is queued for delivery but not necessarily delivered: if the recipients are offline then the message could be queued hours or days later.
There is no way to know if a message has been received. If your flow requires this, you need the recipient to send an ACK message back.
Message createMessage(TopicSession topicSession, byte[] data, java.util.UUID uuid)
Returns an initialised interface Message
with the current time, etc, already filled in.
topicSession
- identifier for the topic and session the message is sent to.interface Message
MessageRecipients getAddressOfParty(PartyInfo partyInfo)
Given information about either a specific node or a service returns its corresponding address
SingleMessageRecipient getMyAddress()
Returns an address that refers to this node.