Introduction to OpenJDK and IcedTea
IcedTea provides a build harness
for the OpenJDK package, Oracle's
open-sourced Java development
environment. In order to provide a completely free runtime
environment, similar to Oracle's closed distribution, the
IcedTea build harness also
provides free, and arguably better versions of parts of the JDK
which have not been open-sourced to date. OpenJDK is useful for developing Java programs and provides a complete runtime
environment to run Java programs.
This package is known to build and work properly using an LFS-7.6
platform.
Note
The browser plugin and webstart implementation have been split
off into a separate project. To provide a complete
implementation, you will need to later install IcedTea-Web-1.5.1.
OpenJDK is GPL'd code, however, it should be explained that there
has been a special exception made for non-free projects to use
these classes in their proprietary products. In similar fashion to
the LGPL, which allows non-free programs to link to libraries
provided by free software, the GNU General Public
License, version 2, with the Classpath Exception allows third
party programs to use classes provided by free software without the
requirement that the third party software also be free. As with the
LGPL, any modifications made to the free software portions of a
third party application, must also be made freely available.
Note
The IcedTea build environment includes a very thorough, open
source test suite titled JTreg.
JTreg is intended to test the
just built JDK for reasonable compatibility with the closed
Oracle JDK. However, in order for an independent implementation
to claim compatibility, including the Oracle sponsored
OpenJDK project, it must pass a
closed JCK/TCK test suite. No
claims of compatibility, even partial compatibility, may be made
without passing an approved test suite.
Oracle does provide free community access, on a case by case
basis, to a closed toolkit to ensure 100% compatibility with its
proprietary JDK. The binary version provided here has not been
tested against the
TCK. Any version that is built using the instructions given,
cannot claim to be compatible with the proprietary JDK, without
the user applying for, and completing the compatibility tests
themselves.
With that in mind, the binaries produced using this build method
are regularly tested against the TCK by the members listed on the
site above. In addition to the community license above, an
educational, non-commercial license for the TCK can be obtained
from here.
Source Package Information
The following may be downladed separately or be done as a part of
the make process. For
convenience the BLFS editors have made the files available in an
LFS website. The files are not distributed with versions, but
extracted from the OpenJDK version control system at specified
(tagged) points.
Additional Downloads
Required Patches
Required JAR
Optional package (to obtain an icon for the openjdk-7-policytool.desktop
file)
OpenJDK Dependencies
Required Dependencies
An existing binary ( Java-<IP_ADDRESS> or an earlier built version of
this package), alsa-lib-1.0.28, apache-ant-1.9.4,
Certificate Authority
Certificates, cpio-2.11, Cups-1.7.5, GTK+-2.24.24, giflib-5.1.0,
UnZip-6.0,
Wget-1.15, Which-2.20, Xorg Libraries, and
Zip-3.0
Recommended
JUnit-4.11
and NSS-3.17
Optional
libxslt-1.1.28, lsb_release-1.4, Mercurial-3.1.1,
MIT Kerberos V5-1.12.2, and Xorg-Server-1.16.0 (for the tests)
User Notes: http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/wiki/openjdk
Installation of OpenJDK
Note
The source build of OpenJDK requires apache-ant-1.9.4.
You'll need to build that first to satisfy the circular
dependency, and return to this section to continue building
OpenJDK.
Unlike other packages in BLFS, the OpenJDK source packages are distributed in
multiple downloads. Since the IcedTea build harness will be used to
build OpenJDK, begin by extracting
the IcedTea package and changing into the extracted directory.
The IcedTea OpenJDK distribution
requires that js.jar
(from the Rhino
package) be in place in order to provide a java-script
implementation for the free JDK. If you have not installed the
js.jar file in another way, do so with the following commands as
the root
user:
unzip ../rhino1_7R4.zip &&
install -v -d -m755 /usr/share/java &&
install -v -m755 rhino1_7R4/*.jar /usr/share/java
As mentioned previously, OpenJDK
is composed of several individual projects of the proprietary
JDK that have been relicensed
under an open source license. If you have already downloaded all of
the individual components, place them into the source tree with the
following commands:
cp -v ../corba.tar.bz2 . &&
cp -v ../hotspot.tar.bz2 . &&
cp -v ../jaxp.tar.bz2 . &&
cp -v ../jaxws.tar.bz2 . &&
cp -v ../jdk.tar.bz2 . &&
cp -v ../langtools.tar.bz2 . &&
cp -v ../openjdk.tar.bz2 .
Apply a patch to generate a valid cacerts file using the system CA
certificates:
patch -Np1 -i ../icedtea-2.5.2-add_cacerts-1.patch
Apply a patch to replace fixed paths with ones appropriate for
BLFS:
patch -Np1 -i ../icedtea-2.5.2-fixed_paths-1.patch
Apply a patch to adapt the code to the new giflib API:
patch -Np1 -i ../icedtea-2.5.2-fix_new_giflib-1.patch
Apply a patch to exclude known broken tests from the test suite:
patch -Np1 -i ../icedtea-2.5.2-fix_tests-1.patch
Note
Before proceeding, you should ensure that your environment is
properly set for building OpenJDK. First, review the content of the
ANT_HOME
variable. Second, the
PATH
variable should contain the paths
to the java and
ant executables.
Last, the CLASSPATH
variable should be
set as explained on the Java-<IP_ADDRESS> and JUnit-4.11 pages.
Configure and build the package with the following commands
(--with-pkgversion and --with-version-suffix values can be modified
to fit user preferences):
unset JAVA_HOME &&
./autogen.sh &&
./configure --with-jdk-home=/opt/OpenJDK-<IP_ADDRESS>-bin \
--with-version-suffix=BLFS \
--enable-nss \
--disable-system-kerberos \
--with-parallel-jobs &&
make
Note
If you have not installed the tarballs specified above, they will
be automatically downloaded here.
To test the results, issue: make
jtregcheck. The included version of jtreg is old, and the test suite is also very
dependent on the host system and the environment that it is run in.
You should expect to see anywhere between 40 and 100 failures in
jdk with up to 10 errors in the tests themselves. The majority of
the 6000+ tests should pass. The reason for the greatly varying
results is due to how stringent the testing environment must be.
Varying architectures, different versions of dependent libraries,
unexpected X Window environment and window managers, the CA
certificates used to generate the cacerts
file, and even any user input or power
management or screen saver interruptions during the testing can
lead to various failures. While the known broken tests have been
removed, with the fix_tests patch above, the graphics tests
failures cannot be pre-determined (short of removing them all). The
best bet for the minimal number of failures is to run the test
suite in a framebuffer on a different screen (Xvfb). Even still,
disk I/O can cause failures.
export DISPLAY=:20 &&
Xvfb :20 -screen 0 1x1x24 -ac&
echo $!> Xvfb.pid &&
make -k jtregcheck &&
kill -9 `cat Xvfb.pid` &&
unset DISPLAY &&
rm -f Xvfb.pid
Install the package with the following commands as the root
user:
chmod 0644 openjdk.build/j2sdk-image/lib/sa-jdi.jar &&
cp -R openjdk.build/j2sdk-image /opt/OpenJDK-<IP_ADDRESS> &&
chown -R root:root /opt/OpenJDK-<IP_ADDRESS>
If desired, you may install a .desktop file corresponding to an
entry in a desktop menu for policytool. First, you need to
obtain an icon from IcedTea-Web-1.5.1:
tar -xf ../icedtea-web-1.5.1.tar.gz \
icedtea-web-1.5.1/javaws.png \
--strip-components=1
Now, as root
user:
mkdir -pv /usr/share/applications &&
cat > /usr/share/applications/openjdk-7-policytool.desktop << "EOF" &&
[Desktop Entry]
Name=OpenJDK Java 7 Policy Tool
Name[pt_BR]=OpenJDK Java 7 - Ferramenta de Política
Comment=OpenJDK Java 7 Policy Tool
Comment[pt_BR]=OpenJDK Java 7 - Ferramenta de Política
Exec=/opt/jdk/bin/policytool
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Icon=javaws
Categories=Settings;
EOF
install -v -Dm0644 javaws.png /usr/share/pixmaps/javaws.png
The choice of pt_BR is just an example. You can add any translation
by adding lines corresponding to your locale, e.g. for fr_FR,
“Name[fr_FR]=” and
“Comment[fr_FR]=” with the
appropriate text as values.
Command Explanations
./autogen.sh: This
command forces rebuilding of auto-generated files to account for
new options added to configure
.
--with-jdk-home
: This
switch provides the location of the temporary JDK.
--with-pkgversion
: This switch can be
used to modify the version string in addition to "IcedTea".
--with-version-suffix
: This
switch appends the given text to the JDK version string.
--enable-nss
: Enable
inclusion of NSS security provider.
--disable-system-kerberos
:
Remove this switch, if MIT
Kerberos V5-1.12.2 is installed.
--with-parallel-jobs
:
Allows to set the number of jobs for make equal to the number of
processors plus one. Note that the default is 2 if this option is
not specified. You have to explicitely set --with-parallel-jobs=1
to disable parallel jobs.
The SBU given above are with parallel jobs disabled.
chmod -v 0644
...sa-jdi.jar: Fix permissions in a generated file
so all users can access it.
Configuring
OpenJDK
Configuration Information
There are now two OpenJDK SDKs
installed in /opt
. You should
decide on which one you would like to use as the default. For
example if you decide to use the precompiled OpenJDK, do the following as the
root
user:
ln -v -nsf OpenJDK-<IP_ADDRESS>-bin /opt/jdk
The information below assumes your system is set up using the
instructions found in “The Bash Shell Startup
Files”. You may need to extract the relevant
information below and incorporate it into your system's startup
files if your system is set up differently.
Add the following openjdk.sh
shell
startup file to the /etc/profile.d
directory with the following commands as the root
user:
cat > /etc/profile.d/openjdk.sh << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/profile.d/openjdk.sh
# Set JAVA_HOME directory
JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk
# Set ANT_HOME directory
ANT_HOME=/opt/ant
# Adjust PATH
pathappend $JAVA_HOME/bin PATH
pathappend $ANT_HOME/bin PATH
# Auto Java CLASSPATH
# Copy jar files to, or create symlinks in this directory
AUTO_CLASSPATH_DIR=/usr/share/java
pathprepend . CLASSPATH
for dir in `find ${AUTO_CLASSPATH_DIR} -type d 2>/dev/null`; do
pathappend $dir CLASSPATH
done
for jar in `find ${AUTO_CLASSPATH_DIR} -name "*.jar" 2>/dev/null`; do
pathappend $jar CLASSPATH
done
export JAVA_HOME ANT_HOME CLASSPATH
unset AUTO_CLASSPATH_DIR dir jar
# End /etc/profile.d/openjdk.sh
EOF
Finally, add the man pages to man_db's configuration. As the root
user:
cat >> /etc/profile.d/extrapaths.sh << "EOF" &&
# Begin Java addition
pathappend /opt/jdk/man MANPATH
# End Java addition
EOF
cat >> /etc/man_db.conf << "EOF" &&
# Begin Java addition
MANDATORY_MANPATH /opt/jdk/man
MANPATH_MAP /opt/jdk/bin /opt/jdk/man
MANDB_MAP /opt/jdk/man /var/cache/man/jdk
# End Java addition
EOF
mandb -c /opt/jdk/man
To test if the man pages are correctly installed, issue
source /etc/profile
and man java to
display the respective man page.
Install or update the
JRE Certificate Authority Certificates (cacerts) file
Use the following procedure to check if the cacerts
file was successfully installed during
the OpenJDK build. Also, if the Certificate Authority
Certificates have been updated, the following instructions
will generate a new JRE cacerts
file. First, check if the cacerts
have been successfully installed:
cd /opt/jdk
bin/keytool -list -keystore jre/lib/security/cacerts
At the prompt "Enter keystore password:", press the "Enter" key
if there is no keystore password defined. If the cacerts
were installed correctly, you will see
a list of the certificates with related information for each one.
If not, you need to manually install them. First, generate the
mkcacerts script as
the root
user:
cat > /opt/jdk/bin/mkcacerts << "EOF"
#!/bin/sh
# Simple script to extract x509 certificates and create a JRE cacerts file.
function get_args()
{
if test -z "${1}" ; then
showhelp
exit 1
fi
while test -n "${1}" ; do
case "${1}" in
-f | --cafile)
check_arg $1 $2
CAFILE="${2}"
shift 2
;;
-d | --cadir)
check_arg $1 $2
CADIR="${2}"
shift 2
;;
-o | --outfile)
check_arg $1 $2
OUTFILE="${2}"
shift 2
;;
-k | --keytool)
check_arg $1 $2
KEYTOOL="${2}"
shift 2
;;
-s | --openssl)
check_arg $1 $2
OPENSSL="${2}"
shift 2
;;
-h | --help)
showhelp
exit 0
;;
*)
showhelp
exit 1
;;
esac
done
}
function check_arg()
{
echo "${2}" | grep -v "^-" > /dev/null
if [ -z "$?" -o ! -n "$2" ]; then
echo "Error: $1 requires a valid argument."
exit 1
fi
}
# The date binary is not reliable on 32bit systems for dates after 2038
function mydate()
{
local y=$( echo $1 | cut -d" " -f4 )
local M=$( echo $1 | cut -d" " -f1 )
local d=$( echo $1 | cut -d" " -f2 )
local m
if [ ${d} -lt 10 ]; then d="0${d}"; fi
case $M in
Jan) m="01";;
Feb) m="02";;
Mar) m="03";;
Apr) m="04";;
May) m="05";;
Jun) m="06";;
Jul) m="07";;
Aug) m="08";;
Sep) m="09";;
Oct) m="10";;
Nov) m="11";;
Dec) m="12";;
esac
certdate="${y}${m}${d}"
}
function showhelp()
{
echo "`basename ${0}` creates a valid cacerts file for use with IcedTea."
echo ""
echo " -f --cafile The path to a file containing PEM"
echo " formated CA certificates. May not be"
echo " used with -d/--cadir."
echo ""
echo " -d --cadir The path to a directory of PEM formatted"
echo " CA certificates. May not be used with"
echo " -f/--cafile."
echo ""
echo " -o --outfile The path to the output file."
echo ""
echo " -k --keytool The path to the java keytool utility."
echo ""
echo " -s --openssl The path to the openssl utility."
echo ""
echo " -h --help Show this help message and exit."
echo ""
echo ""
}
# Initialize empty variables so that the shell does not pollute the script
CAFILE=""
CADIR=""
OUTFILE=""
OPENSSL=""
KEYTOOL=""
certdate=""
date=""
today=$( date +%Y%m%d )
# Process command line arguments
get_args ${@}
# Handle common errors
if test "${CAFILE}x" == "x" -a "${CADIR}x" == "x" ; then
echo "ERROR! You must provide an x509 certificate store!"
echo "\'$(basename ${0}) --help\' for more info."
echo ""
exit 1
fi
if test "${CAFILE}x" != "x" -a "${CADIR}x" != "x" ; then
echo "ERROR! You cannot provide two x509 certificate stores!"
echo "\'$(basename ${0}) --help\' for more info."
echo ""
exit 1
fi
if test "${KEYTOOL}x" == "x" ; then
echo "ERROR! You must provide a valid keytool program!"
echo "\'$(basename ${0}) --help\' for more info."
echo ""
exit 1
fi
if test "${OPENSSL}x" == "x" ; then
echo "ERROR! You must provide a valid path to openssl!"
echo "\'$(basename ${0}) --help\' for more info."
echo ""
exit 1
fi
if test "${OUTFILE}x" == "x" ; then
echo "ERROR! You must provide a valid output file!"
echo "\'$(basename ${0}) --help\' for more info."
echo ""
exit 1
fi
# Get on with the work
# If using a CAFILE, split it into individual files in a temp directory
if test "${CAFILE}x" != "x" ; then
TEMPDIR=`mktemp -d`
CADIR="${TEMPDIR}"
# Get a list of staring lines for each cert
CERTLIST=`grep -n "^-----BEGIN" "${CAFILE}" | cut -d ":" -f 1`
# Get a list of ending lines for each cert
ENDCERTLIST=`grep -n "^-----END" "${CAFILE}" | cut -d ":" -f 1`
# Start a loop
for certbegin in `echo "${CERTLIST}"` ; do
for certend in `echo "${ENDCERTLIST}"` ; do
if test "${certend}" -gt "${certbegin}"; then
break
fi
done
sed -n "${certbegin},${certend}p" "${CAFILE}" > "${CADIR}/${certbegin}.pem"
keyhash=`${OPENSSL} x509 -noout -in "${CADIR}/${certbegin}.pem" -hash`
echo "Generated PEM file with hash: ${keyhash}."
done
fi
# Write the output file
for cert in `find "${CADIR}" -type f -name "*.pem" -o -name "*.crt"`
do
# Make sure the certificate date is valid...
date=$( ${OPENSSL} x509 -enddate -in "${cert}" -noout | sed 's/^notAfter=//' )
mydate "${date}"
if test "${certdate}" -lt "${today}" ; then
echo "${cert} expired on ${certdate}! Skipping..."
unset date certdate
continue
fi
unset date certdate
ls "${cert}"
tempfile=`mktemp`
certbegin=`grep -n "^-----BEGIN" "${cert}" | cut -d ":" -f 1`
certend=`grep -n "^-----END" "${cert}" | cut -d ":" -f 1`
sed -n "${certbegin},${certend}p" "${cert}" > "${tempfile}"
echo yes | env LC_ALL=C "${KEYTOOL}" -import \
-alias `basename "${cert}"` \
-keystore "${OUTFILE}" \
-storepass 'changeit' \
-file "${tempfile}"
rm "${tempfile}"
done
if test "${TEMPDIR}x" != "x" ; then
rm -rf "${TEMPDIR}"
fi
exit 0
EOF
chmod -c 0755 /opt/jdk/bin/mkcacerts
Note
Doing a very large copy/paste directly to a terminal may result
in a corrupted file. Copying to an editor may overcome this
issue.
If you need to generate a cacerts
file, and there is already one in /opt/jdk/jre/lib/security
, it is better to make
a backup. Then, you can create a new one, as the root
user:
/opt/jdk/bin/mkcacerts \
-d "/etc/ssl/certs/" \
-k "/opt/jdk/bin/keytool" \
-s "/usr/bin/openssl" \
-o "/opt/jdk/jre/lib/security/cacerts"


System Architect Symbol details for "Agent"
agent (Association)
- From Class:
Agent
- To Class:
"Agent State"
- From Class:
Agent
- To Class:
"Agent State"
Agent (Class)
- Description:
-
Role of a subject enabling it to act purposefully.
- Comment:
-
CBS V2: - A role of a "Subject" which indicates that it has power to act
This is a role which may be played by a "Subject". Sometimes, an "Agent" may be created in order to
assemble a set of responsibilities and authorities prior to a specific "Subject" being identified
and allocated to it.
For purposes of creating an "Authorising Act", an "Agent" may actually be a group of individuals -
for example when joint responsibility is being taken for some decision, as in a clinical case
conference. In such a case the details of the group are taken care of by "Subject" and "Inter
Subject Relationship".
Examples of "Agent":
Dr Smithers within NHS XYZ Trust,
Ms J.Doe in the HXT Pathology laboratory.
A better understanding of the types of "Agent" can be gained from examination of its subtypes.
Agent Access Group (Class)
- Child Diagrams:
-
Agent Access Group (
UML Class)
- Description:
Method of allowing one or more "Agents" to gain access to "Subjects" or information about them.
agent for (Association)
- From Class:
Agent
- To Class:
"Agent's Activity Type"
- From Class:
Agent
- To Class:
"Agent's Activity Type"
Agent State (Class)
- Child Diagrams:
-
Agent State (
UML Class)
- Description:
-
"Agent" in a state which it is currently or has been previously.
- Comment:
-
Note that there are both subtypes (comprising all the possible states) and a "power type" of "Agent
State Type". The latter's contents are identical to the subtypes; it exists in order to control
topics such as access and permission to amend.
Agent's Activity Type (Class)
- Child Diagrams:
-
Agent's Activity Type (
UML Class)
- Description:
A means of establishing that an "Agent" may perform, offer to perform or authorise others to perform
certain "Activity Types".
- Comment:
For examples see subtypes.
Agent/authorisation (Generalization Node)
- Description:
-
Identifies whether the "Agent" is authorised to undertake specific activities or whether they are
acting under their own volition.
Problem: In practical terms, it is likely that an implementation will not know whether an "Agent" is
authorised or not. Similarly, because "Agent" is a join between a "Person" and another authorising
"Agent", then in order to establish the appropriate "Agent" it is necessary to know both the
"Person" and the authorising "Agent". What if only the "Person" is known?
- Base Class:
Agent
- Definitions Used:
-
Agent (Class)
Authorised Agent (Class)
- Child Diagrams:
-
Authorised Agent (
UML Class)
- Description:
"Agent" whose actions are subject to another's authority and control.
- Comment:
-
The type of control would include permissions (may do), obligations (must do) and interdictions
(must not do).
An "Agent" who invests authority in another shares some liability for the actions of those to whom
it gives authority.
An example of an "Authorised Agent " would be Dr. Smithers given the authority by the NHS XYZ Trust
to run the Medical Clinical Directorate.
authority (Association)
- From Class:
Agent
- To Class:
"Authorised Agent"
- From Class:
Agent
- To Class:
"Authorised Agent"
Free Agent (Class)
- Child Diagrams:
-
Free Agent (
UML Class)
- Description:
"Agent" whose actions are not subject to another's control.
- Comment:
-
"Authorised Agents" operate within the bounds of their authority. However, the model needs to
account for the possibility of actions being undertaken outside these limits. Patients, for example,
where they perform activities, would normally do so as Free Agents.
An example of acting outside the bounds set would be where a person working for an NHS Trust
operates an illicit sideline selling confectionery. In this case the person is operating as a "Free
Agent" relative to the NHS Trust.
See "Authorised Agent" to gain an overall view.
originator (Association)
- From Class:
Agent
- To Class:
"Agent Access Group"
- From Class:
Agent
- To Class:
"Agent Access Group"
Percept (Class)
- Description:
"Object" perceived or inferred to have physical existence.
Percept/Essential Type (Generalization Node)
- Base Class:
Percept
- Definitions Used:
-
Percept (Class)


| Rdiff_chr {diffobj} | R Documentation |
These functions are here for reference and testing purposes. They are
wrappers to tools::Rdiff
and rely on an existing system diff utility.
You should be using ses
or diffChr
instead of
Rdiff_chr
and diffPrint
instead of Rdiff_obj
.
See limitations in note.
Rdiff_chr(from, to, silent = FALSE, minimal = FALSE, nullPointers = TRUE) Rdiff_obj(from, to, silent = FALSE, minimal = FALSE, nullPointers = TRUE)
from |
character or object coercible to character for |
to |
character same as |
silent |
TRUE or FALSE, whether to display output to screen |
minimal |
TRUE or FALSE, whether to exclude the lines that show the actual differences or only the actual edit script commands |
nullPointers |
passed to |
Rdiff_chr
runs diffs on character vectors or objects coerced to
character vectors, where each value in the vectors is treated as a line in a
file. Rdiff_chr
always runs with the useDiff
and Log
parameters set to TRUE
.
Rdiff_obj
runs diffs on the print
ed representation of
the provided objects. For each of from
, to
, will check if they
are 1 length character vectors referencing an RDS file, and will use the
contents of that RDS file as the object to compare.
the Rdiff output, invisibly if silent
is FALSE
Rdiff_chr(letters[1:5], LETTERS[1:5])
Rdiff_obj(letters[1:5], LETTERS[1:5])
These functions will try to use the system diff
utility. This
will fail in systems that do not have that utility available (e.g. windows
installation without Rtools).


IT Security
Digital Security
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Mobile number :
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The NBA is full of an array of athletes that have continued to amaze fans for decades. One of the teams that has stood out with an exceptional history of players is the Los Angeles Lakers. With 17 championships under their belts the orginization has found new ways and talent to continue their string of successes. Which means they haven't found one formula and stuck with it...As the game and the player has changed the need for certain skills within certain players has swayed and we've taken a look into the importance of different skills among the players that have contributed in these teams success.
On the "Players" tab, you will find a dropdown and chart displaying common statistics for our chosen players. As to not overwhelm the browser, we are only providing data on the top 5 most commonly used stats in the NBA.
On the "Hometown" page, the user is able to compare where each player is from and the skillset a player may have in comparrison to his teammates.
And finally, clicking on the "Skill" tab will lead you to an interactive map showing popular locations where a player with certain skills comes from. Updating this map will also update a bar chart that compares the players. Thanks for your interest!


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Phoenix needed that. The player, one of their dependable players when few fit the description. The basket. The win.
Especially the win. The Suns were 0-4 and staring at the possibility of another hit when guard Eric Bledsoe, one of the veterans being counted on to help the young roster find its way, hit a high-arcing three-pointer as time expired to beat the Trail Blazers 118-115 in overtime Wednesday in Phoenix.
On a night when the Suns controlled the inside, outscoring the Blazers 62-38 in the paint, they won it from the outside. Bledsoe scored 20 points, none bigger, of course, than the final three.
It could even be the start of a win streak, with Phoenix next playing at New Orleans (0-5) on Thursday.
Difficulty
It was challenging in every way. First, Bledsoe was stepping back and sliding to his right to create space on the defender, Damian Lillard. If Bledsoe got his feet set, it wasn’t by much, letting the ball fly while appearing off-balance. And Lillard was coming at Bledsoe and got a hand in Bledsoe’s face just as the shot was being released. Hardly the ideal position. That Bledsoe was able to convert anyway, with that degree of difficulty, made the moment that much more special.
Game Situation
Bledsoe originally played the hero late in regulation, when his layup with 1.1 seconds remaining gave Phoenix a 103-101 lead. But the Trail Blazers erased that deficit on a Meyers Leonard layup at the buzzer to force overtime. Then the Suns went up by six in the extra period, raising hopes for the first win of the season. Portland erased that too when Lillard made it 115-115 with 6.4 seconds remaining. That set the stage for Bledsoe, once and for all.
Celebration
The Suns, at first seeming subdued, might have had to remind themselves what a win felt like, and Bledsoe made it tougher on them by drifting back to near halfcourt by the time teammates caught him. But once they did, the Suns playfully jostled Bledsoe. The party needed some work.


Server side data binding allow users to bind large data sets that are not directly accessible as a full collection in client side due to various reasons. Server side data binding can improve performance drastically for large data sets but integration is fairly complex compared to Client Side Basic Data Binding and Client Side Stream Data Binding techniques. This data binding technique can be used to fetch data via HTTP GET requests on demand.
Unlike in Client-side Basic Data Binding, server side rendering will request for data on table initialization and whenever user performs Filtering, Sorting, Pagination etc. operations. Ornamentum has provided an optional opinionated service to integrate external data sources. Also, you can build a custom data provider depending on your requirement.
Server side data bind functionality can be integrated via onDataBind callback function input property. Data source associated logic is decoupled from Ornamentum core module to make it data source agnostic. Import DataTableResourceModule along with DataTableModule. This module require @angular/http package as a dependency.
Within the target component use DataTableHttpDataFetchService<T> service to get the onDataBind callback implementation.
Set the callback function to onDataBind input property.
Data fetch HTTP request (Your backend REST API should support following):
limit
- The limit parameter controls the maximum number of items that may be returned for a single request. This parameter can be thought of as the page size. If no limit is specified, the system defaults to a limit of 15 results per request.
offset
- The offset parameter controls the starting point within the collection of resource results. For example, if you have a collection of 15 items to be retrieved from a resource and you specify limit=5, you can retrieve the entire set of results in 3 successive requests by varying the offset value: offset=0, offset=5, and offset=10. Note that the first item in the collection is retrieved by setting a zero offset.
Inspect network traffic with "/api/data
" filter in browser developer tools to understand backend service requirements to
use DataTableHttpDataFetchService<T>
provider.
Server side data binding is handled via onDataBind callback function. Use this callback reference to hook into data bind workflow and provide custom data source. This callback function will get triggered on table initialization and on dynamic data table operations. It receives DataTableRequestParams argument and expect to return RxJS Observable query result DataTableQueryResult<T> object stream. Data returned from this callback function will be directly bound to table assuming that it matches the on demand request context.
Refer DataTableHttpDataFetchService<T> documentation for more details.


Neighborhood: {{ listing.neighborhood }}
Room type: {{ listing.room_type }}
minimum nights: {{ listing.min_nights }}
number of reviews: {{ listing.num_reviews }}
number of listings by owner: {{ listing.listings_count }}
days available per year: {{ listing.availability_365 }}
seconds since last review: {{ listing.last_review }}
Time of Query: {{ listing.time }}
recommended price: {{ listing.price }}


How can I protect myself ?
Is it recommended to use facemask or face coverings to prevent COVID-19 ?
Wear cloth face coverings in public settings when around people not living in your household and particularly where other social distancing measures are difficult to maintain, such as grocery stores, pharmacies, and gas stations. Cloth face coverings may slow the spread of the virus and help people who may have the virus and do not know it from transmitting it to others. COVID-19 can be spread by people who do not have symptoms and do not know that they are infected. That’s why it’s important for everyone to practice social distancing (staying at least 6 feet away from other people) and w ear cloth face coverings in public settings.
Cloth face coverings provide an extra layer to help prevent the respiratory droplets from traveling in the air and onto other people. The cloth face coverings recommended are not surgical masks or N-95 respirators. Those are critical supplies that must continue to be reserved for healthcare workers and other medical first responders.
Is it safe to care about my other medical conditions during this time ?
1.It is important to continue taking care of your health and wellness.
2.Continue your medications, and do not change your treatment plan without talking to your healthcare provider.
3.Continue to manage your disease the way your healthcare provider has told you.
4.Have at least a 2-week supply of all prescription and non-prescription medications.
5.Talk to your healthcare provider about whether your vaccinations are up-to-date.
Am I risk for COVID-19 from mail,packages and products?
There is still a lot that is unknown about COVID-19 and how it spreads. Coronaviruses are thought to be spread most often by respiratory droplets. Although the virus can survive for a short period on some surfaces, it is unlikely to be spread from domestic or international mail, products or packaging. However, it may be possible that people can get COVID-19 by touching a surface or object that has the virus on it and then touching their own mouth, nose, or possibly their eyes, but this is not thought to be the main way the virus spreads.
Should I use soap and water or Hand sanitizers to protect against COVID-19?
Handwashing is one of the best ways to protect yourself and your family from getting sick. Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing; going to the bathroom; and before eating or preparing food. If soap and water are not readily available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol.
What cleansing product should I use to protect from COVID-19?
Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces such as tables, doorknobs, light switches, countertops, handles, desks, phones, keyboards, toilets, faucets, and sinks. If surfaces are dirty, clean them using detergent or soap and water prior to disinfection. To disinfect, most common EPA-registered household disinfectants will work.


The statusbar presents these status:
It also shows a brief description of the actions when you hover over a button or a menu function.


Books
The Last Lecture
By Randy Pausch
Read...
Little Book of Mindfulness
By Dr. Patrizia Collard
Read...
Gifts of the Heart
By Bettie Youngs
Read...
Videos
Try something new for 30 days
By Matt Cutts
Watch...
The power of vulnerability
By Brené Brown
Watch...
Embracing otherness, embracing myself
By Thandie Newton
Watch...


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| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig | |
|---|---|
| EvalFunc
The class is used to implement functions to be applied to a dataset. |
|
| ExecType
The type of query execution |
|
| FuncSpec
Class to represent a UDF specification - essentially encapsulates the class name and the arguments to the constructor |
|
| LoadFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to parse records from a dataset. |
|
| PigWarning
An enum to enumerate the warning types in Pig |
|
| Slice
A grouping of data on that can be processed individually by Pig. |
|
| StoreFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to write records from a dataset. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.backend | |
|---|---|
| PigException
All exceptions in Pig are encapsulated in the PigException
class. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.backend.datastorage | |
|---|---|
| PigException
All exceptions in Pig are encapsulated in the PigException
class. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.backend.executionengine | |
|---|---|
| FuncSpec
Class to represent a UDF specification - essentially encapsulates the class name and the arguments to the constructor |
|
| PigException
All exceptions in Pig are encapsulated in the PigException
class. |
|
| Slice
A grouping of data on that can be processed individually by Pig. |
|
| Slicer
Produces independent slices of data from a given location to be processed in parallel by Pig. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.executionengine.mapReduceLayer | |
|---|---|
| LoadFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to parse records from a dataset. |
|
| PigException
All exceptions in Pig are encapsulated in the PigException
class. |
|
| Slice
A grouping of data on that can be processed individually by Pig. |
|
| StoreFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to write records from a dataset. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.executionengine.mapReduceLayer.partitioners | |
|---|---|
| PigException
All exceptions in Pig are encapsulated in the PigException
class. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.executionengine.physicalLayer | |
|---|---|
| PigException
All exceptions in Pig are encapsulated in the PigException
class. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.executionengine.physicalLayer.expressionOperators | |
|---|---|
| ComparisonFunc
|
|
| EvalFunc
The class is used to implement functions to be applied to a dataset. |
|
| FuncSpec
Class to represent a UDF specification - essentially encapsulates the class name and the arguments to the constructor |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.executionengine.physicalLayer.relationalOperators | |
|---|---|
| StoreFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to write records from a dataset. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.executionengine.util | |
|---|---|
| StoreConfig
A Class which will encapsulate metadata information that a OutputFormat (or possibly StoreFunc) may want to know about the data that needs to be stored. |
|
| StoreFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to write records from a dataset. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.hbase | |
|---|---|
| ExecType
The type of query execution |
|
| LoadFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to parse records from a dataset. |
|
| Slice
A grouping of data on that can be processed individually by Pig. |
|
| Slicer
Produces independent slices of data from a given location to be processed in parallel by Pig. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.backend.local.executionengine | |
|---|---|
| StoreFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to write records from a dataset. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.builtin | |
|---|---|
| Algebraic
An interface to declare that an EvalFunc's calculation can be decomposed into intitial, intermediate, and final steps. |
|
| EvalFunc
The class is used to implement functions to be applied to a dataset. |
|
| ExecType
The type of query execution |
|
| FilterFunc
|
|
| FuncSpec
Class to represent a UDF specification - essentially encapsulates the class name and the arguments to the constructor |
|
| LoadFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to parse records from a dataset. |
|
| ReversibleLoadStoreFunc
This interface is used to implement classes that can perform both Load and Store functionalities in a symmetric fashion (thus reversible). |
|
| StoreFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to write records from a dataset. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.impl | |
|---|---|
| ExecType
The type of query execution |
|
| FuncSpec
Class to represent a UDF specification - essentially encapsulates the class name and the arguments to the constructor |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.impl.builtin | |
|---|---|
| EvalFunc
The class is used to implement functions to be applied to a dataset. |
|
| LoadFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to parse records from a dataset. |
|
| ReversibleLoadStoreFunc
This interface is used to implement classes that can perform both Load and Store functionalities in a symmetric fashion (thus reversible). |
|
| StoreFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to write records from a dataset. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.impl.io | |
|---|---|
| ExecType
The type of query execution |
|
| FuncSpec
Class to represent a UDF specification - essentially encapsulates the class name and the arguments to the constructor |
|
| LoadFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to parse records from a dataset. |
|
| Slicer
Produces independent slices of data from a given location to be processed in parallel by Pig. |
|
| StoreFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to write records from a dataset. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.impl.logicalLayer | |
|---|---|
| ExecType
The type of query execution |
|
| FuncSpec
Class to represent a UDF specification - essentially encapsulates the class name and the arguments to the constructor |
|
| LoadFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to parse records from a dataset. |
|
| PigException
All exceptions in Pig are encapsulated in the PigException
class. |
|
| StoreFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to write records from a dataset. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.impl.logicalLayer.optimizer | |
|---|---|
| ExecType
The type of query execution |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.impl.logicalLayer.schema | |
|---|---|
| PigException
All exceptions in Pig are encapsulated in the PigException
class. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.impl.logicalLayer.validators | |
|---|---|
| PigException
All exceptions in Pig are encapsulated in the PigException
class. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.impl.plan | |
|---|---|
| PigException
All exceptions in Pig are encapsulated in the PigException
class. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.impl.plan.optimizer | |
|---|---|
| PigException
All exceptions in Pig are encapsulated in the PigException
class. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.impl.streaming | |
|---|---|
| LoadFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to parse records from a dataset. |
|
| StoreFunc
This interface is used to implement functions to write records from a dataset. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.impl.util | |
|---|---|
| PigException
All exceptions in Pig are encapsulated in the PigException
class. |
|
| PigWarning
An enum to enumerate the warning types in Pig |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.tools.grunt | |
|---|---|
| PigServer
This class is the program's connection to Pig. |
| Classes in org.apache.pig used by org.apache.pig.tools.pigstats | |
|---|---|
| ExecType
The type of query execution |
|
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--- title: Advanced Tutorial keywords: fastai sidebar: home_sidebar summary: "Create a new behavioural measure and cluster results" description: "Create a new behavioural measure and cluster results" nb_path: "12_advanced.ipynb" ---
Oops - this page hasn't been created yet.


The package spiralize visualizes data along an Archimedean spiral. It has two major advantages for visualization:
The package is available on CRAN and can be installed by:
install.packages("spiralize")
If you want the latest version, install it directly from GitHub:
library(devtools)
install_github("jokergoo/spiralize")
It includes three steps:
Step 2 and 3 can be applied multiple times to allow multiple-track visualization along the spiral.
The code for making spiral plot looks like follows:
library(spiralize)
spiral_initialize(...)
spiral_track(...)
spiral_points(...)
...
Complex plots are baiscally constructed from simple graphics. Here there are following low-level graphics functions:
spiral_points()
spiral_lines()
spiral_rect()
spiral_segments()
spiral_polygon()
spiral_bars()
spiral_text()
spiral_axis()
spiral_yaxis()
spiral_raster()
Particularlly, horizon chart is very suitable to put on the spiral, thus there is one function for this:
Spiral plot can also visualize dendrograms with large number of leaves, thus there are following two functions:
There are the following vignettes:


This is my heading
This is my heading
This is my heading
This is my heading
This is my heading
This is my heading
This is my heading
This is my heading
This is my heading
Name
age
Joy
23
Ife
25
Remi
28
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
two colums
10 columns
This is an offset
This is an offset
Responsive Grid
Responsive Grid
Responsive Grid


EQUITY RESEARCH- US Industries
Author<EMAIL_ADDRESS>US Industries: Heatmap Performance


Get service quotes in one click.
This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.
This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This card has even longer content than the first to show that equal height action.
This card has supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.
This card has supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.
This card has supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.
This is a longer card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This content is a little bit longer.
This is a wider card with supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content. This card has even longer content than the first to show that equal height action.
This card has supporting text below as a natural lead-in to additional content.


OSM map (PTS-ESD-2.osm)
SUMO map (geo.net.xml)
Initial movements (geo_sim20.xml)
Both the map and the movements have been uploaded. You may start parsing now!
Both a map (OSM and SUMO) file and a movement file have to be uploaded before you may start parsing the map.
The map has been parsed. Ready to parse the initial set of movements.


The following examples are intended as a quick markdown reference and showcase. It is based on Adam Pritchard work of [Markdown Cheat Sheet](https://github.com/adam-p/markdown-here/wiki/Markdown-Cheatsheet).
Headers
{{ headers }}
{{ headers }}
Emphasis
{{ emphasis }}
{{ emphasis }}
Lists
In this example, leading and trailing spaces are shown with with dots (⋅)


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See:
Description
| Interface Summary | |
|---|---|
| ConnectionPool | An interface used to build wrapper classes around existing Connection Pool libraries. |
| DTMDocument.CharacterNodeHandler |
| Class Summary | |
|---|---|
| ConnectionPoolManager | |
| DefaultConnectionPool | For internal connectiones, i.e. |
| DTMDocument | The SQL Document is the main controlling class the executesa SQL Query |
| JNDIConnectionPool | A Connection Pool that wraps a JDBC datasource to provide connections. |
| ObjectArray | Provide a simple Array storage mechinsim where native Arrays will be use as the basic storage mechinism but the Arrays will be stored as blocks. |
| ObjectFactory | This class is duplicated for each JAXP subpackage so keep it in sync. |
| PooledConnection | |
| QueryParameter | |
| SecuritySupport | This class is duplicated for each Xalan-Java subpackage so keep it in sync. |
| SQLDocument | The SQL Document is the main controlling class the executesa SQL Query |
| SQLErrorDocument | The SQL Document is the main controlling class the executesa SQL Query |
| SQLQueryParser | |
| XConnection | An XSLT extension that allows a stylesheet to access JDBC data. |
| Error Summary | |
|---|---|
| ObjectFactory.ConfigurationError | A configuration error. |
Provides extension functions for connecting to a JDBC data source, executing a query, and working incrementally through a "streamable" result set. Streaming (reuse of a single row node to traverse the result set) is the default mode of operation. If you want unlimited access to the entire result set, you can cache the query result set (1 row node for each row in the result set).
If you use streaming mode (the default), you can only access row elements one at a time moving forward through the result set. The use of XPath expressions in your stylesheet, for example, that attempt to return nodes from the result set in any other manner may produce unpredictable results.
XConnection provides three extension functions that you can use in your stylesheet.
new() -- Use one of the XConnection constructors to connect to a data source, and return an XConnection object.
query() -- Use the XConnection object query() method to return a "streamable" result set in the form of a row-set node. Work your way through the row-set one row at a time. The same row element is used over and over again, so you can begin "transforming" the row-set before the entire result set has been returned.
The query() extension function returns a Document node that contains (as needed) an array of column-header elements, a single row element that is used repeatedly, and an array of col elements. Each column-header element (one per column in the row-set) contains an attribute (ColumnAttribute) for each of the column descriptors in the ResultSetMetaData object. Each col element contains a text node with a textual representation of the value for that column in the current row.
This example displays the result set from a table in a sample InstantDB database.
<?xml version="1.0"?> <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0" xmlns:sql="org.apache.xalan.lib.sql.XConnection" extension-element-prefixes="sql"> <xsl:output method="html" indent="yes"/> <xsl:param name="query" select="'SELECT * FROM import1'"/> <xsl:template match="/">  <xsl:variable name="products" select="sql:new('org.enhydra.instantdb.jdbc.idbDriver', 'jdbc:idb:D:\instantdb\Examples\sample.prp')"/>
  <xsl:variable name="table" select='sql:query($products, $query)'/>
  <xsl:for-each select="$table/sql/metadata/column-header"> <xsl:value-of select="@column-label"/>	 </xsl:for-each>
 <xsl:apply-templates select="$table/sql/row-set/row"/> <xsl:text> </xsl:text>
    <xsl:value-of select="sql:close($products)"/> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="row">
 <xsl:apply-templates select="col"/>
 </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="col">   <xsl:value-of select="text()"/> 	 </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet>
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I got your memes.  You’re gonna want to take a deep breath.
ISIS
#Parkland
Hogg was a White house visitor for a day with Obama
The clothes give special powers
CNN uses teh same girl in pics
Collateral Murder- should check it out if you haven’t already
It applies to it all
mandela Effect- Wasn’t it Marsha Marsha Marsha?
Facebook reads PMs
Funny…
Iceland- I didn’t hear much about this though
There are aborted baby cells in your vaccines.
Allergies
Young Turks are Clinton payrollees?

Notable hire for Google
Nice signs!

Nearly everything is a corporation… it’s not how it seems
This page is synchronized from the post: ‘Meme the News- 4/9/18’


#include "copyright.h"
#include "openfile.h"
Go to the source code of this file.
Classes | |
| class | FileSystem |
| Defines the Nachos file system. More... | |
Defines | |
| #define | FreeMapFileSize (NUM_SECTORS / BITS_IN_BYTE) |
Functions | |
| int | FindDir (char *) |
A file system is a set of files stored on disk, organized into directories. Operations on the file system have to do with "naming" -- creating, opening, and deleting files, given a textual file name. Operations on an individual "open" file (read, write, close) are to be found in the OpenFile class (openfile.h).
There are two key data structures used in the file system. There is a single "root" directory, listing all of the files in the file system; unlike UNIX, the baseline system does not provide a hierarchical directory structure. In addition, there is a bitmap for allocating disk sectors. Both the root directory and the bitmap are themselves stored as files in the Nachos file system -- this causes an interesting bootstrap problem when the simulated disk is initialized.
Copyright (c) 1992-1993 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. See copyright.h for copyright notice and limitation of liability and disclaimer of warranty provisions.
|
|
Initial file sizes for the bitmap and directory; until the file system supports extensible files, the directory size sets the maximum number of files that can be loaded onto the disk. |
|
|
this function takes a complete pathname and return the disc sector of the fileheader of the directory. IMPORTANT WARNING : name is modified : after the execution name contains only the name of the file (e.g. if we called FindDir("/bin/halt") then name is "halt" after the execution, the function returns the sector number of the directory "/bin"). Actually, this function does not support complete pathnames This is one of the objectives of the file system assignment
|


{{ define "main" }}
Front-end source files will be bundled with Parcel from the /src directory and output into /site/static/bundled
/src
/site/static/bundled


Report Exporter¶
The information stored in the Gitana database can be used to create activity reports. The export process is driven by a Domain Specific Language (DSL), which relies on a set of parameterizable SQL queries (as similarly done for the graph exporter) and allows to generate tunable HTML reports. Depending on the user’s needs, the report can focus on the project activity over different tools (e.g., repository and issue trackers) according to a given time dimension such as the current week, month or year.
A Report Exporter DSL instance requires the name of the project, a time span as well as the names of the tools and the related list of measures to be included in the activity report. This information is then used to generate a set of SQL queries, one for each measure, based on the predefined query templates available in Gitana.
The figure below shows an example of report exporter. As can be seen, the name of each measure is used to identify the predefined query to be parameterized (see #messages measure). Then, the project name, time span and names of the tools (see forums attribute) are processed to derive the corresponding identifiers and time information (see after date, and interval), which are then set in the SQL query as similarly presented for the Graph exporter. It is worth noting how the time dimension (e.g., current year) for a specific measure in the report is automatically calculated by relying on where and group by conditions. Finally, the data returned by each query is used to generate charts, which are embedded in the HTML report.
The DSL¶
The DSL is defined using the JSON format. Below, the DSL instance template with the current exportable measures is shown.
{"report":
{"project": "NAME-OF-THE-PROJECT",
"time_span": "this_week|this_month|this_year",
"repo_activity":
{"names": ["NAME-OF-THE-REPO-1", "NAME-OF-THE-REPO-2", "..."],
"measures": ["#commits", "#repo-users"]},
"issue_tracker_activity":
{"names": ["NAME-OF-THE-ISSUE-TRACKER-1", "NAME-OF-THE-ISSUE-TRACKER-2", "..."],
"measures": ["#issues-open", "#issues-closed", "#issue-tracker-users"]},
"forum_activity":
{"names": ["NAME-OF-THE-FORUM-1", "NAME-OF-THE-FORUM-2", "..."],
"measures": ["#messages", "#forum-users", "#new-topics", "#active-topics"]}
}
}


38 registered users
| Name | Organisation name | Organisation ID | Status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark Smith | Company Ltd. |<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| 1233 | Sent |
There are no results for this search
38 registered users
| Name | Organisation name | Organisation ID | Status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mark Smith | Company Ltd. |<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| 1233 | Sent |
There are no results for this search


IN THE COURT OF MS AAKANKSHA VYAS MM NI ACT (WEST), DELHI CC No.3102/1 Sh. Om Parkash Arora H.No. B24/1, Sainik Nagar, Uttam Nagar, New Delhi. .....Complainant Versus 1.
Pradeep Arya
2. Prem Kumar Both Directors /Authorised Signatory M/s. Sukhdata Chits Pvt. Ltd.
1, Jai Complex, Shiva Market, Pitampura, Delhi. .........Accused Date of Institution : 15.09.2014 Offence complained of : U/s 138 N.I. Act. Date on which the order was reserved : 06.05.2016 Date of Decision : 06.05.2016 Final Order : Acquitted / Held not guilty. CC No.3102/1 Om Parkash Arora vs Pradeep Arya etc 1/ 7 Judgment Factual Matrix:
1. Vide this order, I shall dispose of the present complaint which has been filed against the accused no.1 & 2 and for dishonor of the cheques bearing no. 125855, 205617 & 145287 u/s 138 of the Negotiable Instrument Act 1881 (hereafter referred to as the NI Act) issued by the accused in favour of the complainant.
2. A brief mention of the lis is in order. Suffice it to state that the complainant herein invested money in M/s. Sukhdata Chits Pvt. Ltd. run by accused no.1 and 2. After the maturity period the complainant asked the accused persons to return the chit amount and therefore the accused issued the cheques in question drawn on the account of M/s. Sukhdata Chits Pvt. Ltd. but upon presentation they were dishonored for the reason account closed. This prompted the complainant to file the present complaint u/s 138 of NI Act impleading Sh. Pradeep Arya and Sh. Prem Kumar (Directors of M/s. Sukhdata chits Pvt. Ltd.) as accused no.1 & 2.
3. In support of his case the complainant placed on record the original cheques in question Ex.CW1/A to C, returning memos Ex.CW1/D1 to Ex.CW1/D3, Legal notice, postal receipt and internet track report Ex.CW1/E, Ex.CW1/F (Colly) and Ex.CW1/G (colly) and led evidence by way of affidavit Ex.CW1/A1.
4. Vide order dated 16.10.2014, both accused were summoned.
Thereafter notice was also framed upon them under section 251 Cr.PC CC No.3102/1 Om Parkash Arora vs Pradeep Arya etc 2/ 7 vide order dated 09.02.2015. However on a subsequent date, the accused contended that the present complaint was not maintainable as M/s Sukhdata Chits Pvt. Ltd. had not been impleaded as an accused. Therefore the prosecution of only accused no. 1 & 2 who are directors of M/s. Sukhdata Chits Pvt. Ltd. under section 138 read with section 141 was not proper as no liability could be imputed to the abovementioned accused in the absence of the M/s Sukhdata Chits Pvt. Ltd. Accordingly, an application was filed by the accused persons for dropping of proceedings. In support of the application, the Ld. counsel primarily relied upon the judgment of the Supreme Court in Anita Hada vs God Father Travels and Tours Pvt. Ltd., (2012) 5 SCC 661 as well as Anil Gupta vs Star India Pvt. Ltd., AIR 2014 SC 3078. Additionally, an application was also filed by the accused persons u/s 145(2) of the NI Act seeking cross examination of the complainant.
5. In Anita Hada vs God Father Tours and Travels Pvt. Ltd.
(Supra) the question before the court was whether any person who has been mentioned in section 141(1) and 141(2) of the NI Act can be prosecuted without the company being impleaded as an accused. Section 141 deals with the vicarious liability of the directors and other persons, incharge of the affairs of the company where the cheque dishonored has been drawn by the company. In the context of this provision, in para 42 of the said judgment, it has been observed that:
"commission of offence by the company is an express condition precedent to attract the vicarious liability of others. Thus, the words "as well as the company appearing in the section make it CC No.3102/1 Om Parkash Arora vs Pradeep Arya etc 3/ 7 absolutely unmistakably clear that when the company can be prosecuted then only the persons mentioned in the other categories could be vicariously liable for the offence subject to the averments in the petition and prove thereof. One cannot be oblivious of the fact that the company is a juristic person and it has its own respectability. If a finding is recorded against him it could create a concavity in its reputation. There can be situations when the corporate reputation is affected when the director is indicted".
6. Thus, in view of the observation in the aforementioned judgment, it is evident that the directors of the company cannot be prosecuted for the commission of offence of dishonor of cheque unless the company is also proceeded against and a complaint filed without observing the aforementioned requirement is not maintainable.
7. The Ld. counsel for the complainant though not exactly conceding the point, nevertheless filed an application for impleadment of M/s Sukhdata Chits Pvt. Ltd. as an accused. This application was strongly opposed by the Ld. counsel for the accused on the ground that there is no provision in the Code of Criminal Procedure which enables the amendment of a complaint. On the other hand, in support of his application, the complainant cited the decision of the Supreme Court in S.R. Sukumar v. Sunaad Raghuram (decision dated 2.7.2015 in Crl. Appeal no. 844 of 2015).
8. Vide detailed order dated 02.04.2016, this court has already CC No.3102/1 Om Parkash Arora vs Pradeep Arya etc 4/ 7 dismissed the application filed by the complainant seeking the leave of the court to implead M/s. Sukhdata Chits Pvt. Ltd. as an accused. The relevant portions of that order are being reproduced below:
"The judgment of the Supreme Court in Anita Hada vs God Father Travels and Tours Pvt. Ltd., (2012) 5 SCC 661 is conclusive on the legal point at hand and forecloses any further discussion on whether it is imperative to implead a company when a complaint against the directors thereof is filed under section 138 of the NI Act. However whether the complainant can be permitted to subsequently implead the company also as an accused under section 319 CrPC or otherwise is the next issue that requires consideration.
I find that there is no provision in the Code of Criminal Procedure which would permit amendment of a complaint so as to array an additional accused. I am also unable to derive any such authority from the judgment cited by the Ld. counsel for the complainant. In S.R. Sukumar's case (supra), the apex court upheld the order of the trial court permitting the amendment of the complaint in that case on account of the peculiar facts of that case namely cognizance of the offence had not been taken, process had yet not been issued against the accused, the amendment did not change the original nature of the complaint and the amendment prevented multiplicity of proceedings. The Court specifically relied upon another judgment of the Supreme Court in the case of U.P. Pollution Control Board v Modi Distillery & Ors (1987) 3 SCC 684 wherein the Supreme Court had held that if the amendment sought to be made is of a simple CC No.3102/1 Om Parkash Arora vs Pradeep Arya etc 5/ 7 infirmity curable by means of a formal amendment then the court may permit such an amendment to be made. In U.P. Pollution Control Board v. Modi Distillery, in a prosecution launched under section 44 of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution Act) 1974, the amendment in the complaint was permitted as the company concerned had been made an accused but had been wrongly described as an industrial unit. However the amendment which is sought to be made in the present complaint is not of a formal nature as what is sought to be done is impleadment of one more entity as an accused.
Further, the non impleadment of M/s Sukhdata Chits Pvt. Ltd by the complainant is a defect which goes to the root of the complaint impinging its maintainability and this defect cannot be cured through section 319 CrPC. The counsel has relied upon the decision of the Madras High Court in S. Viswanathan v. United Phosphorus, 2000 (1) Crimes 113 where in a similar set of facts, it was held that:
"is no doubt true that Section 319 of the Criminal Procedure Code permits impleading another accused in the course of enquiry or trial when it appears from the evidence that another person also has committed the offence. The court has held in Anandan v. Anvazhagan that without impleading the company the complaint against the petitioner is not sustainable and that when the complaint has the initial defect, the defect cannot be cured by amending the proceedings under Section 319 of the Criminal Procedure Code."
CC No.3102/1 Om Parkash Arora vs Pradeep Arya etc 6/ 7 A similar view was taken by the Madras High Court in Anandan and Anr. v. Arivazhagan 1999 96 CompCas 503 Mad and Suryanarayanan v. Anchor Marine Services 1998 94 Comp Cas 874 and the same were relied upon by the court in S. Visvanathan's case (supra).
I am in agreement with the decisions of the Madras High Court cited above. Accordingly, the application filed by the complainant for impleadment of M/s Sukhdata Chits Pvt. Ltd. as an accused stands disallowed".
9. The necessary concomitant of the foregoing discussion is that the present complaint is not maintainable and the complainant not been entitled to any succour by way of amendment of complaint, the accused no.1 and 2 are acquitted of the commission of offence u/s 138 of the NI Act.
Announced today in the (AAKANKSHA VYAS) open court on 06.05.2016 MM NI ACT (WEST)/DELHI/06.05.2016 CC No.3102/1 Om Parkash Arora vs Pradeep Arya etc 7/ 7


The density, cumulative distribution, quantiles, and i.i.d random variables of a heavy-headed distribution. For more information, please see the vignette.
| Version: | 0.0.1 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.5.0) |
| Suggests: | knitr, rmarkdown |
| Published: | 2018-07-31 |
| Author: | Runlong Tang [aut, cre] |
| Maintainer: | Runlong Tang <tangrunlong at gmail.com> |
| License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL (≥ 2)] |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| CRAN checks: | dhh results |
| Reference manual: | dhh.pdf |
| Vignettes: |
A Description of R Package 'dhh' |
| Package source: | dhh_0.0.1.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: dhh_0.0.1.zip, r-release: dhh_0.0.1.zip, r-oldrel: not available |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: dhh_0.0.1.tgz, r-oldrel: not available |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=dhh to link to this page.


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email
Package Architecture¶
Overview¶
The email package consists of three major components:
- Model
An object structure that represents an email message, and provides an API for creating, querying, and modifying a message.
- Parser
Takes a sequence of characters or bytes and produces a model of the email message represented by those characters or bytes.
- Generator
Takes a model and turns it into a sequence of characters or bytes. The sequence can either be intended for human consumption (a printable unicode string) or bytes suitable for transmission over the wire. In the latter case all data is properly encoded using the content transfer encodings specified by the relevant RFCs.
Conceptually the package is organized around the model. The model provides both “external” APIs intended for use by application programs using the library, and “internal” APIs intended for use by the Parser and Generator components. This division is intentionally a bit fuzzy; the API described by this documentation is all a public, stable API. This allows for an application with special needs to implement its own parser and/or generator.
In addition to the three major functional components, there is a third key component to the architecture:
- Policy
An object that specifies various behavioral settings and carries implementations of various behavior-controlling methods.
The Policy framework provides a simple and convenient way to control the behavior of the library, making it possible for the library to be used in a very flexible fashion while leveraging the common code required to parse, represent, and generate message-like objects. For example, in addition to the default RFC 5322 email message policy, we also have a policy that manages HTTP headers in a fashion compliant with RFC 2616. Individual policy controls, such as the maximum line length produced by the generator, can also be controlled individually to meet specialized application requirements.
The Model¶
The message model is implemented by the Message
class.
The model divides a message into the two fundamental parts discussed by the
RFC: the header section and the body. The Message object acts as a
pseudo-dictionary of named headers. Its dictionary interface provides
convenient access to individual headers by name. However, all headers are kept
internally in an ordered list, so that the information about the order of the
headers in the original message is preserved.
The Message object also has a payload that holds the body. A payload can be one of two things: data, or a list of Message objects. The latter is used to represent a multipart MIME message. Lists can be nested arbitrarily deeply in order to represent the message, with all terminal leaves having non-list data payloads.
Message Lifecycle¶
The general lifecycle of a message is:
- Creation
A Message object can be created by a Parser, or it can be instantiated as an empty message by an application.
- Manipulation
The application may examine one or more headers, and/or the payload, and it may modify one or more headers and/or the payload. This may be done on the top level Message object, or on any sub-object.
- Finalization
The Model is converted into a unicode or binary stream, or the model is discarded.
Header Policy Control During Lifecycle¶
One of the major controls exerted by the Policy is the management of headers during the Message lifecycle. Most applications don’t need to be aware of this.
A header enters the model in one of two ways: via a Parser, or by being set to a specific value by an application program after the Model already exists. Similarly, a header exits the model in one of two ways: by being serialized by a Generator, or by being retrieved from a Model by an application program. The Policy object provides hooks for all four of these pathways.
The model storage for headers is a list of (name, value) tuples.
The Parser identifies headers during parsing, and passes them to the
header_source_parse()
method of the Policy. The
result of that method is the (name, value) tuple to be stored in the model.
When an application program supplies a header value (for example, through the
Message object __setitem__ interface), the name and the value are passed to
the header_store_parse()
method of the Policy, which
returns the (name, value) tuple to be stored in the model.
When an application program retrieves a header (through any of the dict or list
interfaces of Message), the name and value are passed to the
header_fetch_parse()
method of the Policy to
obtain the value returned to the application.
When a Generator requests a header during serialization, the name and value are
passed to the fold()
method of the Policy, which
returns a string containing line breaks in the appropriate places. The
cte_type()
Policy control determines whether or
not Content Transfer Encoding is performed on the data in the header. There is
also a binary_fold()
method for use by generators
that produce binary output, which returns the folded header as binary data,
possibly folded at different places than the corresponding string would be.
Handling Binary Data¶
In an ideal world all message data would conform to the RFCs, meaning that the parser could decode the message into the idealized unicode message that the sender originally wrote. In the real world, the email package must also be able to deal with badly formatted messages, including messages containing non-ASCII characters that either have no indicated character set or are not valid characters in the indicated character set.
Since email messages are primarily text data, and operations on message data are primarily text operations (except for binary payloads of course), the model stores all text data as unicode strings. Un-decodable binary inside text data is handled by using the surrogateescape error handler of the ASCII codec. As with the binary filenames the error handler was introduced to handle, this allows the email package to “carry” the binary data received during parsing along until the output stage, at which time it is regenerated in its original form.
This carried binary data is almost entirely an implementation detail. The one place where it is visible in the API is in the “internal” API. A Parser must do the surrogateescape encoding of binary input data, and pass that data to the appropriate Policy method. The “internal” interface used by the Generator to access header values preserves the surrogateescaped bytes. All other interfaces convert the binary data either back into bytes or into a safe form (losing information in some cases).
Backward Compatibility¶
The Compat32
Policy provides backward
compatibility with version 5.1 of the email package. It does this via the
following implementation of the four+1 Policy methods described above:
- header_source_parse
Splits the first line on the colon to obtain the name, discards any spaces after the colon, and joins the remainder of the line with all of the remaining lines, preserving the linesep characters to obtain the value. Trailing carriage return and/or linefeed characters are stripped from the resulting value string.
- header_store_parse
Returns the name and value exactly as received from the application.
- header_fetch_parse
If the value contains any surrogateescaped binary data, return the value as a
Header
object, using the character set unknown-8bit. Otherwise just returns the value.- fold
Uses
Header
’s folding to fold headers in the same way the email5.1 generator did.- binary_fold
Same as fold, but encodes to ‘ascii’.
New Algorithm¶
- header_source_parse
Same as legacy behavior.
- header_store_parse
Same as legacy behavior.
- header_fetch_parse
If the value is already a header object, returns it. Otherwise, parses the value using the new parser, and returns the resulting object as the value. surrogateescaped bytes get turned into unicode unknown character code points.
- fold
Uses the new header folding algorithm, respecting the policy settings. surrogateescaped bytes are encoded using the
unknown-8bit
charset forcte_type=7bit
or8bit
. Returns a string.At some point there will also be a
cte_type=unicode
, and for that policy fold will serialize the idealized unicode message with RFC-like folding, converting any surrogateescaped bytes into the unicode unknown character glyph.- binary_fold
Uses the new header folding algorithm, respecting the policy settings. surrogateescaped bytes are encoded using the unknown-8bit charset for
cte_type=7bit
, and get turned back into bytes forcte_type=8bit
. Returns bytes.At some point there will also be a
cte_type=unicode
, and for that policy binary_fold will serialize the message according to :rfc:5335
.


Bare text! Should be assumed to be inside a paragraph, Don't you think?
Even when it contains a paragraph, which is strange