Eleusine coracana, known as finger or African millet, is the only species of economic importance in the tribe Chlorideae. Finger millet has been grown predominantly in India and Africa, both for grain and forage. In contrast to most millet, it requires mild weather and a considerable amount of rainfall to mature (Haq 1989). The tribe Paniceae is the largest tribe of the Poaceae, containing 71 genera with approximately 1400 species distributed mainly in tropical and also temperate regions (Roshevits 1980). Economically important cultivated millets in the tribe Paniceae are: pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum L.) (Andrews et al. 1993) foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv.), proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), and Japanese millet (Echinochloa frumentaceae L.).
The genus Panicum is one of the largest genera of the grasses, including more than 400 species distributed primarily in the tropics and subtropics and also warmer parts of temperate zones (Roshevits 1980). Within this large genus, two species are of economic importance; proso millet and to a lesser extent little millet (P. miliare L.). The genus Panicum is poorly represented in drier tropics, apart from a few more or less xerophytic species (Cobley 1976).
Proso, an ancient Slav name used in Russia and Poland (Candolle 1964), has also been called common millet, hog millet, broom corn, yellow hog,hershey, and white millet. Although the origin of proso millet has not been ascertained, it is one of the first cultivated cereal grasses, most likely prior to wheat. Proso millet has been known for many thousands of years in Eastern Asia including China, India, and Russia. The cultivation of proso is more generally thought to come from central and eastern Asia and spread to India, Russia, the Middle East, and Europe (Roshevits 1980). Proso is still extensively cultivated in India, China, Russia, in the Middle East including Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey, and also in Afghanistan and Romania (Martin et al. 1976). According to Matz (1986), however, proso is probably a native of Egypt and Arabia and has been cultivated in Asia Minor and southern Europe since prehistoric times. Candolle (1964) also states that Egypto-Arabian origin of proso millet is very probable.
The genus Setaria is widely distributed in warm and temperate areas. Foxtail millet is the most economically valuable of the genus. Foxtail millet is one of the world's oldest cultivated crops. Its planting has been mentioned in Chinese records as early as 2700 BC (Vinall 1924). S. italica was the most important plant food in the neolithic culture in China, and its domestication and cultivation was the earliest identifiable manifestation of this culture, the beginning of which has been estimated at over 4,000 years ago (Chang 1968). In Russia, foxtail millet has been cultivated since ancient times and there is evidence that it was grown as long as 1,500 years ago (Movsisyants, 1950). Malm and Rachi (1968) thoroughly reviewed the domestication of foxtail millets and the taxonomy. They report the use of subspecies by Scholz (1960) based on papillae on the epidermal cells of the glumes (moharia) and no papillae (maximas). Perhaps of more practical value was the breakout by Coleman (1939) based on head type and seed color.
The proso plant is considered a short-day plant and usually an erect annual, 30 to 100 cm tall with few tillers and an adventitious root system. However, Anderson (1994) showed that 'Cope' proso millet development can be related to temperature by using growing degree days (GDD). For proso, he used a base temperature of 10°C. He showed that 'Cope' began tillering at 430 GDD and initiated flowering at 750 GDD. This relationship needs to be confirmed for other cultivars.
Proso stems and leaves are covered with slight hairs. The leaves may be up to 30 cm long with a short ligule but no auricles (Cobley 1976). The stem is terminated by a drooping panicle 10 to 45 cm long that may be open or compact (Hulse et al. 1980). Proso (2n = 36) is considered a self-pollinated crop, but natural cross-pollination may exceed 10% (Popov 1946). Proso seeds are smaller than pearl millet and grain sorghum, generally oval in shape and about 3 mm long and 2 mm wide (Cardenas et al. 1983). The seeds vary in color as white cream, yellow, orange, red, black to brown. Growth and development characteristics of proso millet were explained in detail by Cardenas et al. (1983). They distinguished three phases; vegetative, reproductive, and ripening, which may be further sub-divided into physiologically distinct stages. The vegetative phase covers the period from germination to panicle initiation, depending on the cultivar used and climate in the area, may be completed 16 to 20 days after planting. An increase in number of leaves, tiller buds, and plant height are characteristics of this phase. The period, about 20 to 25 days, from panicle differentiation to flowering of the main culm is the reproduction phase. This phase initiates when the panicle primordium is greater than 0.5 mm. Rapid elongation of stem internodes and an increase in leaf area accompanied by more tillers are noticed in this phase. The ripening phase starts at flowering or blooming and continues to the end of physiological maturity, which covers a period of 20 to 30 days. Throughout this period, the plant actively accumulates dry matter, particularly in the grains. Rodriques et al. (1990) studied the dry matter accumulation pattern of two cultivars of proso millet with optimum nutrient and water availability. From anthesis to maturity, dry matter accumulated at a rate of 0.5 mg/ha-day. Panicles at maturity accounted for 55% of the total plant dry matter, which is higher than for wheat and grain sorghum. The authors concluded that since proso accumulates higher dry matter in the reproductive parts compared to wheat, maize, and sorghum, it may be advantageous to grow proso in dry and short growing seasons. Physiological maturity proceeds from top to bottom of the panicle. The ripening of the seed is not uniform throughout the panicle and delay in harvesting may cause losses due to shattering (Theisen et al. 1978; Baltensperger et al. 1995a). The grains from the main panicle reach maximum dry weight and a small dark layer at the hilar region of the seed is formed. At maturity, the grain generally includes about 20% or less moisture.
Proso plants generally mature between 60-90 days after planting and can be grown successfully in poor soil and hot dry weather. Proso is an easy crop to grow and it seems to be better adapted than most crops to primitive agricultural practices. Under high-input conditions, however, it may be a poor choice because of low response to high fertility and abundant water (Baltensperger et al. 1995a).
Proso millet requires very little water, possibly the lowest water requirement of any cereal, and converts water most efficiently to dry matter/grain (Theisen et al. 1978; Hulse et al. 1980). According to Arnon (1972), this is not because of its drought-resistance but because of its short growing season. Proso has a very low transpiration ratio, which may be attributed in part to the C4 photosynthetic mechanism (Martin et al. 1976). The low straw grain ratio of proso also contributes to its water use efficiency and adaptation to moisture-limited areas. Proso is very shallow rooted and does not grow well under water stress, nor under excess moisture. Plants seem to tolerate more cold than most other C4 crops, especially sorghum, but will not tolerate frosts. Moderately warm weather is necessary for germination of the seed and growth of the plant. Proso germinates well at temperatures of 10deg. to 45°C, but does not germinate at 5° or 50°C. The highest rate of germinations is between 35° and 40°C (Theisen et al. 1978).
The feed value of proso has been studied with several classes of livestock. Luis et al. (1982a, b), investigated both broiler and turkey diets with proso. The turkey poults were significantly heavier at the end of the 28 day feeding period with proso than those on either corn or sorghum diets. Broilers fed balanced diets of the three cereals were not significantly different in gains. When proso was evaluated in layer diets it was concluded that "proso millet, either ground or whole, is an excellent ingredient for layer diets" (Luis et al. 1982c). Kies et al. (1975) investigated various millet mixes in human diets and discussed their potential. The feed value of proso millet for cattle and swine is generally considered to equal that of grain sorghum or milo and maize when less than 50% of the maize in the ration is replaced (Table 2).
Growth and development of foxtail millet is well described by Malm and Rachie (1971). A progressive shortening of the vegetative period occurs with later plantings, and stem elongation is determined by the length of the vegetative period. Stem elongation was hastened by late sowing and was retarded by early sowing. The transition from vegetative growth into inflorescence takes place very rapidly. In the lower third of the cone of growth, initial humps of secondary axes appear following enlarged growth of the growing point, with the middle and upper parts still undifferentiated. Later, secondary axes differentiate up to the very top into points of growth. The inflorescence of foxtail millet has a main stalk with shortened side branches bearings spikes and bristles. The first flowers of foxtail millet may open when three fourths of the panicle emerges from the sheath, or as many as five days after full emergence. Flowering proceeds from the top of the head downward in each of the panicle branches. A large head may take 8 to 16 days to compete flowering. A single floret may remain open about 30 min, and about 80 min are required for the complete blooming process, which is hastened by high temperatures and low humidity (Malm and Rachie 1971). The world's foxtail millet crop is grown largely in China, India, Russia, and the United States. Foxtail millet is by far the most important millet species in China and is grown in Hopei, Horank, and Shansi provinces to a large extent and in most northern areas of China (Anderson and Martin 1949). Foxtail millet grows in mountainous as well as plains regions. It provided approximately 17% of the total food consumed in China (Malm and Rachie 1971). Werth (1937) considered China or central Asia to be the center of origin of the cultivated varieties. Many related species, with 2n levels as multiples of the 18 found in foxtail, occur in China. In Russia foxtail cultivars are grown up to 50°N. Foxtail millet is grown primarily for hay in the United States. The primary area is the Northern and Western Great Plains or High Plains, including Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, Wyoming, South Dakota, and North Dakota. It has been grown at elevations over 1500 m in New Mexico. Seed supplies for hay production are grown in the more southern portion of this region including Texas. The seed can yield as much as proso but foxtail millet seeds are generally much smaller than proso millet seeds. Foxtail millet has about 500,000 seeds/kg, or more than twice that of proso (Wietgrefe 1990). Foxtail millet and proso millet both grow from a height of 0.5 to 2 m, but make little or no regrowth once they are cut. They are generally cut for hay during the early heading stage. Research on forage quality shows foxtail is similar in quality to other C4 annual grasses. It is finer-stemmed and easier to cure than pearl millet or forage sorghum (Baltensperger 1992). Malm and Rachie (1971) give tables of the relative feed value of foxtail millet and discuss its use as a human food and on animal performance. A small amount of foxtail millet is grown and hand picked for millet sprays for the caged bird seed industry (Wietgrefe 1989).
Proso breeding in the United States has been conducted at primarily two locations: the USDA program at Akron, Colorado, which was discontinued when Dr. Greg Heinz left in the late 1980s, and the Univ. of Nebraska program at the Panhandle Research and Extension Center. Dr. Lenis Nelson developed crossing techniques for proso at this location and produced the first cultivar from a hand-made cross ('Rise'), in 1984 (Nelson 1984a, b). Since that time, several cultivars have been released from this program that are currently grown on the majority of U.S. millet hectorage (Nelson 1990a; Baltensperger et al. 1995a, b). Recent work has emphasized the development of increased seed size (Kara 1992). A wider choice of proso cultivars is available today than ever before in the U.S., but most of the high yield, white seed, strong straw types have `Dawn' as one parent in their pedigree, so germplasm base may be narrower than expected. Nearly all proso grown in the major production areas is white-seeded. Red-seeded proso has some demand, but probably is best grown away from the usual production areas and with a contract or specific market identified. A yearly update of cultivars can be found in the Nebraska Cooperative Extension Publication, EC 107, (Nebraska Proso and Sunflower Variety Tests). The average proso yield in Nebraska is approximately 2 t/ha (Baltensperger et al. 1994).
Three cultivars (Sunrise, Huntsman, and Earlybird) were released in 1994 and 1995. 'Sunrise' is a joint release of the Univ. of Nebraska and USDA (Baltensperger et al. 1994). It is large, white-seeded, with excellent yield potential, intermediate in maturity, excellent lodging tolerance, and is expected to replace 'Sunup' in most growing areas. 'Huntsman' is also a joint release of the University of Nebraska and USDA. It is a large, white-seeded cultivar with excellent yield potential, late in maturity, excellent lodging tolerance, and is expected to replace 'Cope' in most growing areas. 'Huntsman' is shorter than 'Cope' (Baltensperger et al. 1995c). 'Earlybird' was released by the University of Nebraska. It is a large, white-seed cultivar with excellent yield potential. It is early in maturity, has excellent lodging tolerance, and is expected to replace 'Dawn' and 'Rise' in most growing areas (Baltensperger et al. 1995b). 'Sunup' is a 1989 release from Nebraska (Nelson 1990b). It is a white-seeded cultivar similar to 'Dawn' and 'Rise'. 'Sunup' is as lodging resistant as 'Dawn' and 'Rise' and is larger seeded than 'Rise'. It is less susceptible to seed shattering than the common proso cultivars. 'Sunup' has replaced 'Rise' as the most commonly grown cultivar in the United States. The newer releases are all larger seeded, but have a similar panicle type. Several other distinct types of proso are available. 'Panhandle' from Nebraska, 'Minco' from Minnesota, and 'Abarr' from Colorado are all similar to the original common white (Baltensperger et al. 1995a). Although these cultivars differ slightly in height, yielding ability, and maturity, they have white seed and are readily marketed though normal channels in the proso growing areas. They all have fairly open panicles and suffer from lodging and seed shattering.
A second type with acceptable white seed is 'Minsum', which was developed in Minnesota as an early maturing cultivar with a very loose panicle type. Colorado State Univ. developed a tall, late maturing cultivar, 'Cope', that has acceptable white seed. Due to its maturity, 'Cope' is likely best adapted to relatively longer growing seasons. University of Nebraska released 'Dawn', a very short, very early cultivar with a tight panicle. It has a superior white grain, but is inferior agronomically because of its height (Nelson 1976). Because of its earliness, shatter resistance, seed size, and lodging tolerance it has been used extensively as a parent in breeding programs.
If red seed is desired, the two choices are 'Cerise', an early maturing cultivar from Nebraska, or 'Red Leonard', a tall, late maturing cultivar from Colorado. 'Red Leonard' has superior yield if planted early. Both have smaller seed size and are less acceptable as a feed due to a higher tannin content. Bird seed manufacturers use small amounts of red proso to improve eye appeal of the final product.
Proso and foxtail millet usually follow in the spring after wheat has been harvested. Both may be planted late as catch crops to replace winter wheat that has been destroyed due to winterkilling, blowing, or hail. Hail storms usually occur after May 15. An attempt is made to plant as soon as the soil is dry enough. Three problems prevail under these circumstances. First, wheat has taken a considerable amount of moisture from the soil profile; second, decaying wheat residue interferes with proso growth; and third, residual herbicide from the wheat crop may persist and injure the millet. Generally, in a wheat-fallow rotation it is more desirable to plant millet into fallow intended for wheat planting in the fall and to utilize the hailed wheat land for fall winter wheat planting. In yield studies conducted in the Nebraska Panhandle, proso yields were more than doubled by using available fallow ground for seeding compared with planting into hailed-out wheat land. The increase of more than 1,000 kg/ha would increase gross returns more than $120/ha using a price of $0.12/kg. The advantage of using the fallow ground is the soil moisture at planting. The danger with this strategy is that hailed wheat land may not store sufficient moisture to provide successful seeding of winter wheat in the fall (Baltensperger et al. 1995a).
The millets can also replace summer crops late in the season when they have poor germination or are destroyed due to early drought, late spring frost, hail, or insects, providing a good chance of obtaining a crop. In moisture-limited areas of the central Great Plains, proso is often well adapted to winter wheat-proso-fallow rotation and gives an extra cash crop every three years. Shanahan et al. (1988) compared three different crop rotations; millet-millet, winter wheat-millet, and fallow-millet for the productivity and water use of proso in the central Great Plains. Over the 5-year period of study, the wheat-millet and fallow-millet out yielded the millet-millet 50% and 116% in grain yield, respectively. Lyon and Baltensperger (1995) and Higgins et al. (1994) showed the value of including millet in a rotation with winter wheat for the control of winter-annual grass weeds.
Several methods of seedbed preparation, as outlined by Baltensperger et al. (1995a) are available to farmers growing proso millet. Work by Nelson and Fenster (1983) and Anderson (1990) show that management within a technique is probably more important than the technique. No-till systems were becoming dominant in the High Plains prior to proso being dropped from the atrazine label. The dropping of the highly tolerant crop from the label is representative of the problems in working with minor crops. Atrazine at the use rates found in proso (less than 0.5 kg/ha) is seldom an environmental problem in dryland areas with more than 20 m to the water table. Alternative strategies to grow no-till proso require several applications of alternative herbicides. The loss of atrazine labeling in proso has increased management demands and the cost of proso production (Baltensperger et al. 1995a).
In general, proso and foxtail millet do not respond consistently to the addition of nitrogen fertilizer. If a full year of fallow precedes the millet, fertilizer is not generally recommended except on the poorest soils (soil test with less than 25 ppm in upper 0.5 m). But, when proso follows wheat, it is generally recommended that 45 kg/ha of nitrogen be applied (Baltensperger et al. 1995a). Chadhari and Rai (1982) suggest that 40 kg N, 20 kg P and 20 kg K/ha used for obtaining a good crop of proso under irrigated conditions in India. Higher rates typically lead to lodging. Proso currently has an upper yield plateau around 5 t/ha because of a lack of straw strength. Yield limits may be higher in more tropically adapted foxtail millets.
Proso millet has a very long planting period and it is often used for replacing dead winter crops or unsuccessful early spring crops. If good weed control is practiced, taking better advantage of spring rains, the earlier dates will produce better yields. In western Nebraska, proso can produce a seed crop when planted as early as May 15 or as late as July 5. Nelson (1990a), using three different cultivars of proso, evaluated influence of planting date on grain yield and other agronomic traits of proso millet at six-year location sites in western Nebraska. The results indicated that planting date of May 15 and June 1 were optimal for grain yield. Foxtail millet cultivars are more variable in maturity than available proso cultivars and some will not mature if planted after June 15 ('White Wonder', 'Golden German' and others), but since most are grown for hay, the practical planting window may be extended to July 15 and still produce a good hay crop.
It is generally accepted that narrow rows (<30cm) are beneficial in reducing weed competition and increasing yield (Nelson 1977; Agdag 1995). The equipment used to plant millet is usually dictated by the equipment available for other crops. The most common drill is one used for winter wheat, usually a deep furrow or hoe-opener type. This is not the most desirable type since it is difficult to maintain a shallow depth with it. When a hoe drill is used, the rate is set high (17 kg/ha) and the depth is quite shallow. The packerwheels can be very beneficial if planting into a loose seedbed, but that combination is most susceptible to crusting from a heavy rainstorm (Baltensperger et al. 1995). The most desirable drill for planting proso where stubble is not a problem is double-disk drill. It can place the seed into a shallow slot and firm the soil around it. It leaves very little furrow to wash in and crust in the event of a heavy rainstorm. The final drill type is one designed for no-till wheat. Regardless of the type of equipment used, it is necessary to have the seed firmly packed and covered with 1 to 2 cm of soil. Nebraska studies showed that choice of drills did not greatly affect yield if a good job of seeding was accomplished (Nelson 1990a).
Ripening is not uniform throughout the panicle in proso. Frequently the seeds in the upper portion of the panicle are ripe while the lower seeds are still green (Matz 1986). A delay in harvesting until the grain has dried sufficiently for threshing will cause considerable losses due to shattering. It is generally recommended that swathing be done when most of the panicle has lost its green color. Threshing can the be delayed until the grain is below 13% moisture (Baltensperger et al. 1995a). Foxtail heads ripen more uniformly and are less subject to shatter, but frequently have tillers that are significantly different in maturity. Foliage is still green at maturity so it is generally swathed prior to combining
The primary limitation on foxtail millet production in the High Plains is not actually a serious problem for foxtail millet itself. It is that it serves as a carrier for both the wheat curl mite, Eriophyes tullipae Keifer, the carrier for wheat streak mosaic virus and the virus itself. While adapted cultivars of foxtail are not seriously impacted by the disease, the crop serves as an over-summering host and adjacent wheat fields are frequently severely impacted. Recent research by Marcon (1994) has identified germplasm with much higher levels of resistance that may help to expand the utilization of foxtail millet in the region. Proso has been immune to this disease and is the primary reason it is utilized on a larger scale. However, one of the weeds in many proso fields is green foxtail Setaria viridis which can cause the same problems in wheat fields adjacent to proso fields. Management can be utilized to reduce the severity of the problem by harvesting the proso early enough that no living material is present for at least 2 weeks prior to wheat planting.
The International Sorghum and Millet Project has specifically excluded research on these two species. As a result, even though foxtail and proso millet have been more significant in U.S. agriculture and are a significant food source for millions of people, much less research has occurred on them during the past ten years than on pearl millet in the United States. The politics of minor crops continues to be a significant factor to overcome in their development, but the potential remains high for both foxtail and proso millet.
| Tribe | Species | Common names |
| Paniceae | Setaria italica | Foxtail millet, Italian millet, German millet, Hay millet |
| Panicum miliaceum | Proso millet, Common millet, Hershey millet, Hog millet, White millet, Broomcorn millet | |
| Brachiaria ramosum | Brown top millet | |
| Digitaria exilis | Fonio millet | |
| Echinochloa colonum | Shama millet | |
| Decompositum | Australian millet | |
| Frumentaceae | Japanese millet, Barnyard millet | |
| Paspalum scrobiculatum | Kodo millet | |
| Pennisetum americanum | Pearl millet | |
| Chlorideae | Eleusine coracana | Finger millet |
| Feed | Crude protein (%) | Net energy for maintenance (Mcal) | Net energy for gain (Mcal) | Total digestible nutrients (%) |
| Maize, dry rolled | 10.0 | 102 | 70 | 90 |
| Proso | 12.9 | 93 | 64 | 84 |
| Sorghum, dry rolled | 10.0 | 93 | 64 | 84 |
| Wheat, hard dry rolled | 12.5 | 99 | 68 | 88 |
Fig. 1. Nebraska maize, sorghum, and millet price comparisons 1981-1995. Prices shown are $/tonne.


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Class CharStream
Provides a view of a sequence of
Implements
Inherited Members
Namespace: Streamy
Assembly: Streamy.TextStream.dll
Syntax
public class CharStream : Stream, IControlled, IPeek<SByte>, IPeek<Int16>, IPeek<UInt16>, IPeek<Int32>, IPeek<UInt32>, IPeek<Int64>, IPeek<UInt64>, IPeek<Single>, IPeek<Double>, IPeek<Decimal>, IPeek<Boolean>, IRead<SByte>, IRead<Int16>, IRead<UInt16>, IRead<Int32>, IRead<UInt32>, IRead<Int64>, IRead<UInt64>, IRead<Single>, IRead<Double>, IRead<Decimal>, IRead<Boolean>, IPeek<Byte>, IRead<Byte>, IWrite<SByte>, IWrite<Int16>, IWrite<UInt16>, IWrite<Int32>, IWrite<UInt32>, IWrite<Int64>, IWrite<UInt64>, IWrite<Single>, IWrite<Double>, IWrite<Decimal>, IWrite<Boolean>, ISeek, IPeek<Char>, ISeek, IWrite<Char>
Remarks
This is a specialization of Stream, and as such, everything for Stream applies here as well.
Additional orchestration can be added by deriving from this type. However, most applications will not need to do this. Support for additional types should be done through the serialization mechanism.
Constructors
| Improve this Doc View SourceCharStream(Byte[])
Initializes a new CharStream over the given array
.
Declaration
public CharStream(Byte[] array)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Byte[] | array | The |
CharStream(Byte[], Encoding)
Initializes a new CharStream over the given array
.
Declaration
public CharStream(Byte[] array, Encoding encoding)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Byte[] | array | The |
| Encoding | encoding | The encoding of the |
CharStream(Memory<Byte>)
Initializes a new CharStream over the given memory
.
Declaration
public CharStream(Memory<Byte> memory)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Memory<Byte> | memory | The |
CharStream(Memory<Byte>, Encoding)
Initializes a new CharStream over the given memory
.
Declaration
public CharStream(Memory<Byte> memory, Encoding encoding)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Memory<Byte> | memory | The |
| Encoding | encoding | The encoding of the |
CharStream(ReadOnlyMemory<Byte>)
Initializes a new CharStream over the given memory
.
Declaration
public CharStream(ReadOnlyMemory<Byte> memory)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ReadOnlyMemory<Byte> | memory | The |
CharStream(ReadOnlyMemory<Byte>, Encoding)
Initializes a new CharStream over the given memory
.
Declaration
public CharStream(ReadOnlyMemory<Byte> memory, Encoding encoding)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ReadOnlyMemory<Byte> | memory | The |
| Encoding | encoding | The encoding of the |
CharStream(StreamBase, IReadBuffer, IWriteBuffer, Encoding)
Initializes a new CharStream with the given base
, readBuffer
, and writeBuffer
.
Declaration
protected CharStream(StreamBase base, IReadBuffer readBuffer, IWriteBuffer writeBuffer, Encoding encoding)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| StreamBase | base | The StreamBase of this CharStream. |
| IReadBuffer | readBuffer | The buffer used for reads. |
| IWriteBuffer | writeBuffer | The buffer used for writes. |
| Encoding | encoding | The encoding of the underlying data. |
Properties
| Improve this Doc View SourceEncoding
The Encoding of this stream.
Declaration
public Encoding Encoding { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Encoding |
Position
The position within the datastream, counted by a
Declaration
public Int32 Position { get; set; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Int32 |
Methods
| Improve this Doc View SourceAdd(Char)
Declaration
public void Add(Char element)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Char | element |
Peek(out Char)
Declaration
public void Peek(out Char element)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Char | element |
Read(out Char)
Declaration
public void Read(out Char element)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Char | element |
Seek(Int32)
Seeks to the offset
, counted by
Declaration
public void Seek(Int32 offset)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Int32 | offset | The amount of |
Write(Char)
Declaration
public void Write(Char element)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Char | element |


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Next: echo-stream-input-stream, Previous: make-two-way-stream, Up: Streams Dictionary
two-way-stream-input-stream
two-way-stream ⇒ input-stream
two-way-stream-output-stream
two-way-stream ⇒ output-stream
two-way-stream—a two-way stream.
input-stream—an input stream.
output-stream—an output stream.
two-way-stream-input-stream returns the stream from which two-way-stream receives input.
two-way-stream-output-stream returns the stream to which two-way-stream sends output.


Flash flood warning dropped for Kauai, but weather alerts remain
by Ben GutierrezHONOLULU, Hawaii (HawaiiNewsNow) - Heavy rain drenched Kauai overnight, causing streams to rise and forcing temporary road closures.
The Garden Isle was under a flash flood warning from 10 p.m. Saturday until 12:30 p.m. Sunday. Other weather alerts remain as unstable weather conditions linger around the state.
Hanalei bridge has reopened to motorists.
Stream levels were still high Sunday morning with flash flooding possible for several more hours as water from earlier heavy rain continues to move downstream toward the ocean.
Kauai emergency officials reported that a woman had to be rescued in Wainiha when she was swept away by flood waters. She was taken to Wilcox Memorial Hospital with non-life threatening injuries.
Rain was coming down at a rate of 2 to 3 inches per hour at one point. Thunder and lightning was reported in Kapaa and other locations, and a web cam at Hanalei Bay showed occasional flashes of lightning Saturday night.
During the 24-hour period that ended at 2 p.m. Sunday, the Kilohana rain gauge recorded 8.85 inches of rainfall. Mount Waialeale received 7.23 inches, while 6.02 inches fell at Kapahi..
Kauai and the rest of the state are also under a flash flood watch through Monday afternoon as a surface trough and and upper level low over the islands will maintain very unstable and wet conditions.
Copyright 2019 Hawaii News Now. All rights reserved.


| I l@ve RuBoard |
This chapter presents the Python module—the highest-level program organization unit, which packages program code and data for reuse. In concrete terms, modules take the form of Python program files (and C extensions); clients import modules to use the names they define. Modules are processed with two new statements and one important built-in function we explore here:
Lets a client fetch a module as a whole
Allows clients to fetch particular names from a module
Provides a way to reload a module's code without stopping Python
We introduced module basics in Chapter 1, and you may have been using module files in the exercises, so some of this chapter may be a review. But we also flesh out module details we've omitted so far: reloads, module compilation semantics, and so on. Because modules and classes are really just glorified namespaces, we explore namespace basics here as well, so be sure to read most of this chapter before tackling the next.
| I l@ve RuBoard |


Learn How To Read SensorTag Sensors. This app displays all the sensors available in the Texas Instruments SensorTag. Note that you must run this app in the Evothings client app, or build a Cordova app with the plugin com.evothings.ble. Device with support for Bluetooth 4.0 is required.
You can browse the source code for this example at the Evothings GitHub repository
The file index.html is the main file of the app, which also contains JavaScript code for the app that communicates with the SensorTag using BLE.
This examples uses a high-level JavaScript library for the SensorTag found in file ti-sensortag.js.
This example runs in Evothings Client on Android or iOS.
You need to run the example in the Evothings client app. Alternatively, you can make a Cordova application if you wish to distribute the app. You then need to include the Cordova plugin com.evothings.ble. See page Evothings Client for further details.
An iOS device or an Android device with support for Bluetooth 4.0 (which includes BLE) is required. For Android version 4.3 or later is needed. Please note that BLE support on Android is still not fully mature. As a result, you may experience difficulties running this example. If the app stops working, restart the Evothings client app and/or reset Bluetooth on the device.
You need the Texas Instruments SensorTag to run this example app, it sells from Texas Instruments website for 25$ and has in-all six different MEMS sensors on-board; accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, IR temperature, humidity and barometric pressure (and a BLE radio of course).
Please make sure your SensorTag is upgraded to firmware version 1.5 or higher, since this is needed for this example to work properly.
Follow these steps to get started with this example:


#include <OpenSSLCryptoKeyDSA.hpp>
Inheritance diagram for OpenSSLCryptoKeyDSA:
The library uses classes derived from this to process DSA keys.
Public Member Functions | |
Constructors and Destructors | |
| OpenSSLCryptoKeyDSA () | |
| virtual | ~OpenSSLCryptoKeyDSA () |
| Destructor. | |
Required Key Interface methods | |
| virtual XSECCryptoKey::KeyType | getKeyType () |
| Return the type of this key. | |
| virtual const XMLCh * | getProviderName () |
| Return the OpenSSL string identifier. | |
| virtual XSECCryptoKey * | clone () |
| Replicate key. | |
Required DSA methods | |
| virtual unsigned int | signBase64Signature (unsigned char *hashBuf, unsigned int hashLen, char *base64SignatureBuf, unsigned int base64SignatureBufLen) |
| Create a signature. | |
| virtual bool | verifyBase64Signature (unsigned char *hashBuf, unsigned int hashLen, char *base64Signature, unsigned int sigLen) |
| Verify a signature. | |
Optional Interface methods | |
Have been fully implemented in the OpenSSL interface to allow interop testing to occur. | |
| virtual void | loadPBase64BigNums (const char *b64, unsigned int len) |
| Load P. | |
| virtual void | loadQBase64BigNums (const char *b64, unsigned int len) |
| Load Q. | |
| virtual void | loadGBase64BigNums (const char *b64, unsigned int len) |
| Load G. | |
| virtual void | loadYBase64BigNums (const char *b64, unsigned int len) |
| Load Y. | |
| virtual void | loadJBase64BigNums (const char *b64, unsigned int len) |
| Load J. | |
OpenSSL Specific functions | |
| OpenSSLCryptoKeyDSA (EVP_PKEY *k) | |
| Library specific constructor. |
|
|
|
|
|
Destructor. Will call the OpenSSL function to destroy the DSA key - which will also overwrite any Private keys |
|
|
Library specific constructor. Used to create a new key around an OpenSSL EVP_PKEY object holding a DSA key |
|
|
Replicate key.
Implements XSECCryptoKeyDSA. |
|
|
Return the type of this key. Allows the caller (and library) to determine whether this is a public key, private key or a key pair Reimplemented from XSECCryptoKeyDSA. |
|
|
Return the OpenSSL string identifier.
 Sign the buffer using the internal private key. Will throw a DSAError if the key is not set, or is not a private key.
Implements XSECCryptoKeyDSA. |
|
|
Verify a signature. The library will call this function to validate a signature
Implements XSECCryptoKeyDSA. |


A.6. Changes from XMLUnit 1.5 to 1.6
-
In cases of
ATTR_NAME_NOT_FOUND
and
CHILD_NODE_NOT_FOUND
differences the
value used to be the local name of the missing attribute
or node. It will now be a Java5-QName-like
{NS-URI}LOCAL-NAME
string if the
attribute or node belonged to an XML namespace.
Issue
65
-
New
assertXpathEvaluatesTo
overloads in XMLAssert
and a new
QualifiedName
class
can be used to assert the stringified result of an XPath
expression is actually a qualified name.
Feature
Request 25
A.6.3. Important Bug Fixes
-
The JAXP 1.3 based validator ignored
xsi:namespaceLocation
and
xsi:noNamespaceLocation
attributes.
They will now be used if you don't specify any sources at
all, but are still ignored if you
specify any schema sources - since this is the way
javax.xml.validation
works.
Issue
64
-
When an attribute cannot be found (a
ATTR_NAME_NOT_FOUND
difference) the
XPath on the side where the attribute exists will now
point to the attribute itself rather than its owning element.
Feature
Request 33


[§8-20] Language Access Month. The month of August shall be known and designated as "Language Access Month" to promote awareness of language access for government services and emphasize the importance of and need for language access in Hawaii's diverse society. This month is not and shall not be construed as a state holiday. [L 2009, c 69, §2]


Our weekly showcase of the best contributions rewarded in the past seven days includes quite a few surprises this week! We had picked a critical bug on the Steem blockchain, a number of excellent tutorials, a guide to submitting great development contributions and, finally, a stellar contribution to the Visibility category.
Staff Picks
Analysis of the Resteem feature by @sintoniz [analysis]
A full analysis of the Resteem feature, with interesting analysis of the average resteems per account and average resteems per posts through the past year. A really well presented contribution.
Total payout: 117.63 STU Number of votes: 69
Create a slideshow using HTML5 , CSS3 and jQuery by @alexendre-maxim [video-tutorials]
Image source
@alexendre-maxim submitted a very straightforward video tutorial on how to create a slideshow using html5/css3/jquery. The tutorial started from scratch and concluded with a final working product. He showed many tweaks and adjustments throughout the tutorial, and took time to explain a great deal of what he was doing so learners would understand the process. When an error was detected in the code, he would explain why the error was there and how he was able to fix it.
This was a very nicely done tutorial and learners will benefit from the methodical approach to teaching the topic.
Total payout: 52.26 STU Number of votes: 59
Machine learning (Keras) and Steem #1: User vs bid-bot binary classification by @jacekw.dev [tutorials]
Image source
@jacekw.dev shared a great tutorial about an aspect often debated on Steemit, bots vs humans. He utilizes python based scripting and particularly keras to pull out and visualize a collection of bot and human users, and builds up an approach to have a machine learning concept to determine the difference. Useful work, clear conclusions and visualizations, and potential for better work experience are all highlighted in this tutorial.
Total payout: 87.33 STU Number of votes: 94
The user guide for a newbie on how to build a private Steem blockchain for corporate projects by @jga [tutorials]
In response to a Task Request by the European Financial Transparency Gateway to well document setting up Steem blockchain for corporate projects, @jga provides a well-written step by step tutorial for those purposes, leading the user across the way to have his own functional steem blockchain, up until producing blocks and initiating witness accounts.
Total payout: 148.17 STU Number of votes: 101
Inclusion of Inventory, Client names, Payment modification and Barcode functionality on Bitcoin PoS by @tykee [ideas]
Bitcoin PoS is a straightforward mobile application that is used by bitcoin merchant to accept payment of goods in bitcoin through this application. The app is convenient and simple to use.
This post by @tykee suggests a reasonable and some necessary features for the application that can improve and increase the app usability.
Total payout: 63.73 STU Number of votes: 15
Steem [HF19] Possible reward pool gaming by cycling delegations by @rafalski [bug-hunting]
The Steem delegations functionality had an interesting Critical bug allowing users to earn 43% more Rewards using the same Steem Power. This bug was make possible by cycling delegations between users and exploiting the code that replenishes your Steem voting_regen_period
. @rafalski reported this bug in a well-detailed manner with a useful scenario.
Total payout: 12.45 STU (Not voted by Utopian yet) Number of votes: 48
Promoting Moodle With Facebook Ads - Part 3 by @siersod [social]
Image source
The first contribution to be picked as outstanding in the visibility category to date is a campaign report by @siersod. It is the third part in an ongoing campaign promoting Moodle, an open source tool for the classroom for teachers and educators. With ongoing optimization of the ad message and target audience, this Facebook campaign reached a cost-effective conversion rate, and the post even offers a useful tip in CPC optimization for other contributors to learn from.
Total payout: 1.03 STU (Not voted yet by @utopian-io) Number of votes: 34
How to achieve the highest score for a better Utopian reward for development contributions by @gregory.latinier [blog]
@gregory.latinier , a moderator of development category, explains the guidelines and questionnaire of the category in detail, in addition to his own expectations and approach to reviewing contributions in the category. This post answers most of the questions contributors could ask, and does it with point by point clarifications. It is highly recommended for developers submitting contributions to Utopian to read this how-to.
Total payout: 359.30 STU Number of votes: 528
Steem White Paper Greek Translation Part 7 (+ 1350 words) by @dimitrisp [translations]
The translator goes beyond the requirement of 1000 word volume and the translation is done with high quality and accuracy. The Greek language used is correct in grammar, spelling and syntax.
Total payout: 93.70 STU Number of votes: 50
Utopian.io Post Statistics
The staff picked contributions are only a small (but exceptional) example of the mass of contributions reviewed and rewarded by Utopian.io.
- Overall, the last week saw a total of 233 posts, with 187 of them rewarded through an upvote by @utopian-io.
- In total, Utopian.io distributed an approximate of 7374.35 STU to contributors.
- The highest payout seen on any Utopian.io contribution this week was 697.077 STU, with a total of 637 votes received from the community.
- The contribution that attracted the most engagement was Steemauto and its problems - Solved!, with no less than 26 comments in its comment threads.
- The average vote given by Utopian.io was worth 57.61 STU.
Category Statistics
|Category|Reviewed|Rewarded|Total rewards|Top contributor| |:-|:-|:-|-:|:-| |ideas|15|9|134.50 STU|@tykee| |translations|72|72|3035.63 STU|@samhamou| |blog|24|12|599.29 STU|@rosatravels| |analysis|5|5|425.69 STU|@jingis07| |bug-hunting|23|17|187.76 STU|@tobias-g| |development|40|35|1862.08 STU|@justyy| |graphics|16|13|683.51 STU|@iqbalhood| |video-tutorials|5|3|51.65 STU|@alexendre-maxim| |tutorials|22|14|322.27 STU|@onepice| |social|5|4|51.65 STU|@siersod|
First Time Contributing in Utopian.io?
Learn how to contribute on our website
Utopian Witness
This page is synchronized from the post: Weekly Top of Utopian.io: July 25 - August 1


I am self-taught developer who is adaptable. Thinking outside of the box is one of my strongest assets. I have the basic knowledge and fundamentals of HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Github, Git, React, Node.js, and Bootstrap, beginner level knowledge of Android Development, and intermediate level knowledge of Java SE. I am very passionate about creating websites and web APIs that can be useful to someone else life and I will exceed expectations to complete any tasks that is placed in front of me. I will ask a ton of questions until I fully understand everything I need to complete the task.
My goal is to be a Junior Front End Developer and work my way up the ladder through hardwork and being open minded. I am a huge Baltimore Ravens fan.
View ResumeLorem ipsum dolor sit, amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Excepturi neque, ipsa animi maiores repellendus distinctio aperiam earum dolor voluptatum consequatur blanditiis inventore debitis fuga numquam voluptate ex architecto itaque molestiae.
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Environment class.
More...
#include <environment.hpp>
|
| | Environment (size_t maxx, size_t maxy, std::unordered_set< Location > obstacles, std::multimap< int, State > dynamic_obstacles, std::vector< State > goals) |
| |
| | Environment (const Environment &)=delete |
| |
| Environment & | operator= (const Environment &)=delete |
| |
| bool | getFirstConflict (const std::vector< PlanResult< State, Action, double >> &solution, Conflict &result) |
| | High Level Environment functions. More...
|
| |
| void | createConstraintsFromConflict (const Conflict &conflict, std::map< size_t, Constraints > &constraints) |
| |
| void | onExpandHighLevelNode (int) |
| |
| int | highLevelExpanded () |
| |
| void | setLowLevelContext (size_t agentIdx, const Constraints *constraints) |
| | Low Level Environment functions. More...
|
| |
| int | admissibleHeuristic (const State &s) |
| |
| bool | isSolution (const State &state, double gscore, std::unordered_map< State, std::tuple< State, Action, double, double >, std::hash< State >> &_camefrom) |
| |
| void | getNeighbors (const State &s, Action action, std::vector< Neighbor< State, Action, double >> &neighbors) |
| |
| State | getGoal () |
| |
| uint64_t | calcIndex (const State &s) |
| |
| void | onExpandLowLevelNode (const State &, int, int) |
| |
| int | lowLevelExpanded () const |
| |
| bool | startAndGoalValid (const std::vector< State > &m_starts, const size_t iter, const int batchsize) |
| |
template<typename Location, typename State, typename Action, typename Cost, typename Conflict, typename Constraint, typename Constraints>
class libMultiRobotPlanning::Environment< Location, State, Action, Cost, Conflict, Constraint, Constraints >
Environment class.
- Template Parameters
-
| Location | |
| State | |
| Action | |
| Cost | |
| Conflict | |
| Constraint | |
| Constraints | |
- Examples:
- cl_cbs.cpp, and sh_astar.cpp.
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
| libMultiRobotPlanning::Environment< Location, State, Action, Cost, Conflict, Constraint, Constraints >::Environment |
( |
size_t |
maxx, |
|
|
size_t |
maxy, |
|
|
std::unordered_set< Location > |
obstacles, |
|
|
std::multimap< int, State > |
dynamic_obstacles, |
|
|
std::vector< State > |
goals |
|
) |
| |
|
inline |
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
| libMultiRobotPlanning::Environment< Location, State, Action, Cost, Conflict, Constraint, Constraints >::Environment |
( |
const Environment< Location, State, Action, Cost, Conflict, Constraint, Constraints > & |
| ) |
|
|
delete |
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
| void libMultiRobotPlanning::Environment< Location, State, Action, Cost, Conflict, Constraint, Constraints >::createConstraintsFromConflict |
( |
const Conflict & |
conflict, |
|
|
std::map< size_t, Constraints > & |
constraints |
|
) |
| |
|
inline |
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
| void libMultiRobotPlanning::Environment< Location, State, Action, Cost, Conflict, Constraint, Constraints >::getNeighbors |
( |
const State & |
s, |
|
|
Action |
action, |
|
|
std::vector< Neighbor< State, Action, double >> & |
neighbors |
|
) |
| |
|
inline |
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
| bool libMultiRobotPlanning::Environment< Location, State, Action, Cost, Conflict, Constraint, Constraints >::isSolution |
( |
const State & |
state, |
|
|
double |
gscore, |
|
|
std::unordered_map< State, std::tuple< State, Action, double, double >, std::hash< State >> & |
_camefrom |
|
) |
| |
|
inline |
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
| Environment& libMultiRobotPlanning::Environment< Location, State, Action, Cost, Conflict, Constraint, Constraints >::operator= |
( |
const Environment< Location, State, Action, Cost, Conflict, Constraint, Constraints > & |
| ) |
|
|
delete |
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
| void libMultiRobotPlanning::Environment< Location, State, Action, Cost, Conflict, Constraint, Constraints >::setLowLevelContext |
( |
size_t |
agentIdx, |
|
|
const Constraints * |
constraints |
|
) |
| |
|
inline |
template<typename Location , typename State , typename Action , typename Cost , typename Conflict , typename Constraint , typename Constraints >
| bool libMultiRobotPlanning::Environment< Location, State, Action, Cost, Conflict, Constraint, Constraints >::startAndGoalValid |
( |
const std::vector< State > & |
m_starts, |
|
|
const size_t |
iter, |
|
|
const int |
batchsize |
|
) |
| |
|
inline |
The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:


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{## # Displays login box div for cosign proxy. # # @copyright Copyright (c) 2010-2011 The Fajr authors (see AUTHORS). # Use of this source code is governed by a MIT license that can be # found in the LICENSE file in the project root directory. # @author TODO #}


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Home
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Go to devopsinthecloud/infrastructure/features/ directory.
Open the target.feature file.
Enter the command to run infrastructure tests remotely. You can get the IP Address of the target environment by going to the Outputs tab of the target environment stack in CloudFormation.
NOTE: These infrastructure tests are run as part of the TargetEnvironment job.


---
layout: post
title: Whatsapp for Firefox OS
date: 2014-07-22 18:02:00.000000000 +05:30
type: post
published: true
status: publish
categories:
- Firefox
- Firefox OS
- Firefox Students Ambassador
- Marketing
tags: []
meta:
blogger_blog: www.technoruler.com
blogger_author: VISWAPRASATH KS
blogger_cb097c283b9bbfde97b4822e7250157d_permalink: '1882322949253216894'
author:
login: viswaprasath
email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: Vitchu
first_name: ''
last_name: ''
---
Many of us use Mobile phones for communicating with friends. For past few days our main usage of the phones are for Instant Messaging. In many developing countries like India Whatsapp has got very good name and many are using it. There are also other Instant Messaging Apps like Whatsapp and most common as Line, Telegram, Viber and so on.
Now in this post we are Going to see how to use Whatsapp for Firefox OS hand sets. There are many ways we can do. Here I would like to share the App which I have been using for past 2 months.
The application name is ConnectA2 which is available in many local languages. You can download from
Firefox Marketplace
You can easily use this application as you have whatsapp in different platforms. When the screen is opened you can see the list of chats done by you.
If you would like to start a new chat, start a new group or change your Profile setting and Config you can just click on the Down arrow button which is available at the right top.
New Chat
When you click on the New chat it will be showing the list of people in your contact you can easily select and one and start your chat.
New Group
On Click first it will be requesting the Name for the group which you would like to create. After Giving the name you can select the user who should be in that group and start chat.
Profile
Here you can easily change the profile Image you have and the Status which you you would like to set. And update the status.
Config
In this tab we can set our preference for Vibration and Notification in the background. We can also change the wallpaper when we need.
User details
When you chat with a person you would like to know about the user details. Just tap on the user name and see the chat you did. Again tap on his name at top so you will see his status and Mobile number details and configurations you set for him
Group details
Similar we can see who is the admin and who are all the participants in the Group. We need to follow same way we followed to see User details.
Whenever a photo/Video/Audio comes for the first time it will be requesting the permission to save in your Memory, if you accept only it will be saving.


XSETROOT
Section: User Commands (1)Updated: xsetroot 1.1.0
Index Return to Main Contents
NAME
xsetroot - root window parameter setting utility for XSYNOPSIS
xsetroot [-help] [-def] [-display display] [-cursor cursorfile maskfile] [-cursor_name cursorname] [-xcf cursorfile cursorsize] [-bitmap filename] [-mod x y] [-gray] [-grey] [-fg color] [-bg color] [-rv] [-solid color] [-name string]DESCRIPTION
The xsetroot program allows you to tailor the appearance of the background ("root") window on a workstation display running X. Normally, you experiment with xsetroot until you find a personalized look that you like, then put the xsetroot command that produces it into your X startup file. If no options are specified, or if -def is specified, the window is reset to its default state. The -def option can be specified along with other options and only the non-specified characteristics will be reset to the default state.Only one of the background color/tiling changing options (-solid, -gray, -grey, -bitmap, and -mod) may be specified at a time.
OPTIONS
The various options are as follows:
- -help
- Print a usage message and exit.
- -def
- Reset unspecified attributes to the default values. (Restores the background to the familiar gray mesh and the cursor to the hollow x shape.)
- -cursor cursorfile maskfile
- This lets you change the pointer cursor to whatever you want when the pointer cursor is outside of any window. Cursor and mask files are bitmaps (little pictures), and can be made with the bitmap(1) program. You probably want the mask file to be all black until you get used to the way masks work.
- -cursor_name cursorname
- This lets you change the pointer cursor to one of the standard cursors from the cursor font. Refer to appendix B of the X protocol for the names (except that the XC_ prefix is elided for this option).
- -xcf cursorfile cursorsize
- This lets you change the pointer cursor to one loaded from an Xcursor file as defined by libXcursor, at the specified size.
- -bitmap filename
- Use the bitmap specified in the file to set the window pattern. You can make your own bitmap files (little pictures) using the bitmap(1) program. The entire background will be made up of repeated "tiles" of the bitmap.
- -mod x y
- This is used if you want a plaid-like grid pattern on your screen. x and y are integers ranging from 1 to 16. Try the different combinations. Zero and negative numbers are taken as 1.
- -gray
- Make the entire background gray. (Easier on the eyes.)
- -grey
- Make the entire background grey.
- -fg color
- Use ``color'' as the foreground color. Foreground and background colors are meaningful only in combination with -cursor, -bitmap, or -mod.
- -bg color
- Use ``color'' as the background color.
- -rv
- This exchanges the foreground and background colors. Normally the foreground color is black and the background color is white.
- -solid color
- This sets the background of the root window to the specified color. This option is only useful on color servers.
- -name string
- Set the name of the root window to ``string''. There is no default value. Usually a name is assigned to a window so that the window manager can use a text representation when the window is iconified. This option is unused since you can't iconify the background.
- -display display
- Specifies the server to connect to; see X(7).
SEE ALSO
X(7), xset(1), xrdb(1), Xcursor(3)AUTHOR
Mark Lillibridge, MIT Project Athena
Index
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 05:29:12 GMT, December 24, 2015


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Hello, I'm Clovis Bordeaux
A developer of solutions in Apache, Angular, Cordova and Ionic environments, with experience building applications using a variety of tools.
Nasa Project
Astronomy picture of the day
Demo jQuery Application using the NASA APOD API.
Check it out


Changing the Water Reuse Conversation with Beer
GEOG 4572 Final Presentation
Spring 2018
Preparing for the New Normal
Water Supplies in an Uncertain Climate
-
Heeding Nature's Silent Call
Innovating with Water Reuse
Window of Discourse
From "The Overton Window" written by Joseph P. Overton
Provide information that is interesting and engaging and is simple enough to understand but technical enough to trust.
Talking About Water, pp. 71
Pure Water Brew
Clear Concept Verbiage
-
Department of Environmental Quality , State of Oregon
"Using recycled water will become increasingly important in our region as demands on our water resources increase."
-
Environmental Protection Agency, United States
"Pure Water Brew is an excellent example of our ability to take water that is otherwise thought of as waste and put it to direct positive value as a beer."
"There is no reason in the world to judge water by its history.We are very much focused on what’s the quality of the water for the use to which it will be put." Ken Kopocis, EPA Deputy Administrator Office of Water (2015)
A Hoppy Experience
Sharing the local passion.
Featured Local Brewers
McPolanders Taproom
2016 PWB winner, Steve Woods
Lee Hedgemen of Ladies of Lagers & Ales
Dunyi Zhou (1017 -1073 A.D.)I only love the lotus, which came out of mud yet is not contaminated, washed by ripples yet is not vain.
Lessons Learned
Make data share simple.
Listen, then listen again with empathy.
Story is fluid. Keep the message central.
Special Thanks
Dr. Bo Zhao- Contributing Partner
Brian Katz- Support Team
Giovanni Svevo- Support Team
Chunxue Xue- Language Support Team
Rick Debbout- Data Support


You have been invited to take part in a study of visual attention. All answers provided will remain annonymus.
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Tiger Woods struggles at the Players - Los Angeles Times
May 10, 2012 . Tiger Woods off to a stumbling start at Players Championship . resurfaced about his revamped swing and recovery from a two-year slide.
http://articles.latimes.com/2012/may/10/sports/la-sp-sn-players-tiger-woods-20120510
Treatment for Herniated or Bulging Discs
Poulter, Laird Lead Players Golf by One; Woods Trails by Nine ...
May 11, 2012. U.S. PGA Tour's Players championship, where Tiger Woods trails by . at last week's Wells Fargo Championship for the second straight year, .
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-05-10/kevin-na-leads-players-championship-golf-as-woods-trails-by-five.html
TigerWoods.com: The Official Site of Tiger Woods
In advance of the Wells Fargo Championship, Tiger participated in a Q&A session with . Try Tiger Woods PGA Tour Online for free in your browser by playing .
http://www.tigerwoods.com/
tiger woods players championship this year Herniated or Bulging Discs
Tiger Woods hits back at his critics - CNN.com
May 9, 2012 . When Tiger Woods won the Players Championship for the first and only . all four major crowns at the same time, albeit not in a calendar year.
http://edition.cnn.com/2012/05/09/sport/golf/golf-tiger-woods-players/index.html
The Players Championship: Tiger Woods Posts Even Par In Third ...
May 12, 2012 . On Moving Day at The Players Championship, Tiger Woods stood still. . "It was probably the most solid I've hit the golf ball all year, probably." .
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/12/tiger-woods-the-players-championship-scores-round-3_n_1512260.html
Tiger Woods Bows Out of Players Championship: Is This the ...
May 12, 2011 . At one time, the golf world feared Tiger Woods. . And after Woods bowed out of the Players Championship on Thursday morning . that Woods could pull out of the Players earlier than he did a year ago, when he left with a .
http://newsfeed.time.com/2011/05/12/exiting-players-championship-tiger-woods-shows-hes-no-longer-a-cub/
Official Impairment Listing for Spinal Disorders
The Players Championship: Tiger Woods rallies, Zach Johnson is in ...
May 11, 2012 . The Players Championship: Tiger Woods rallies, Zach Johnson is in three-way . Over the past 19 years, 19 men have taken the Players' title.
http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-05-11/sports/35454712_1_players-championship-martin-laird-tiger-woods
- private school loan money (narrowing of the spine)
Tiger Woods Finishes Players Championship With His Second ...
Tiger Woods Finishes Players Championship With His Second-Worst 72-Hole Score Of Year On Tour. Golfweek | Posted: 05/13/2012 5:31 pm Updated: .
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/13/tiger-woods-players-championship-tied-39th_n_1513330.htmlMickelson, Woods need some luck on Sunday at The Players ...
May 12, 2012 . Tiger Woods said Saturday he hit the golf ball during the third round of The Players Championship as solid as he's hit it all year and shot .
http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/golf/pga/story/2012-05-12/players-championship-tiger-woods-phil-mickelson/54921846/1
Tiger Woods - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
He has been awarded PGA Player of the Year a record ten times, the Byron . Woods' father Earl wrote that Tiger first beat him when he was 11 years old, with . year, Woods won his third consecutive U.S. Junior Amateur Championship; he .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiger_Woods
Tiger Woods Players Championship: Golf Shouldn't Wait for Tiger's ...
May 13, 2012 . Tiger Woods Players Championship: Golf Shouldn't Wait for Tiger's . To 23-year- old Rickie Fowler, whose game has finally begun to catch up .
http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1181955-tiger-woods-players-championship-golf-shouldnt-wait-for-tigers-turnaround
Medical-Vocational Allowance for Herniated Disc
Tiger Woods Official Profile - PGATOUR.com
The most complete, up-to-date information on Tiger Woods. Official PGA TOUR stats, video, . Huh makes history with Rookie of the Year award · Get RSS Feed .
http://www.pgatour.com/golfers/008793/tiger-woods/
Tiger Woods Tracker: Round 4 at Players Championship
May 13, 2012 . Tiger Woods is likely out of contention, but can he go low to get himself . misses his first cut in more than a year at the Players Championship.
http://golfweek.com/news/2012/may/13/tiger-tracker-round-4-players/
Appealing a Denial of Benefits
Tiger Woods avoids The Players Championship cut, shoots 4-under ...
May 11, 2012 . Tiger Woods is around for the weekend at a TPC Sawgrass course that has been nothing short of maddening for him over the years. . Woods as he began play in the second round of The Players Championship on Friday.
http://espn.go.com/golf/story/_/id/7920964/tiger-woods-avoids-players-championship-cut-shoots-4-68


Blog Archive 2013 Dropping a SQL database with NAnt Feb 06 2013 2011 Debugging Microsoft CRM “Generic SQL Error” Nov 21 2011 Loading configuration from an alternative location in Microsoft .NET Nov 16 2011 Configuration types in Microsoft .NET Nov 16 2011 Programmatically creating CRM 4 entity metadata Nov 16 2011 Configuration patterns in .NET Nov 16 2011 Using Active Directory domain accounts with CopSSH Oct 27 2011 Building multiple Visual Studio project configurations with msbuild Oct 25 2011 Digging into Microsoft CRM 4 DynamicEntity properties Oct 24 2011 Implementing a custom IOrganizationService Oct 24 2011 List of type differences between CRM4 and 2011 Oct 24 2011 Running Microsoft CRM 4.0 apps when 2011 is installed Oct 20 2011 Updating expired license key in CRM 2011 Oct 12 2011 Using ActivityParty in CRM 2011 Jun 05 2011 Managing CRM 2011 from PowerShell May 16 2011 Crm 2011 Entity Metadata Browser May 04 2011 Starting SQL Server 2008 in single-user mode Apr 25 2011 Storing a Guid in an ASP.NET CheckBox control Apr 22 2011 Creating custom error pages in ASP.NET Apr 20 2011 Programmatically executing workflows in CRM 2011 Apr 20 2011 Handling errors with the CRM 2011 Web services API Apr 13 2011 Scripting Silverlight 4 applications with Javascript Apr 12 2011 Using ASP.NET Web Parts in Sitecore CMS Apr 01 2011 Assembly binding redirection in ASP.NET Feb 25 2011 How to list process IDs for IIS7 worker processes Feb 25 2011 Accessing metadata in Microsoft CRM 2011 Feb 18 2011 Create a fully standalone Microsoft CRM 2011 environment on Amazon EC2 Feb 12 2011 Setting up a Silverlight 4 development environment Jan 16 2011 How to enable trace logging in Microsoft CRM 2011 Jan 14 2011 Deploying referenced assemblies in CRM 2011 plugins and workflows Jan 14 2011 2010 Migrating SDK Code from CRM4 to CRM5 (2011) Dec 08 2010 Cross-Domain Silverlight 4 Application (.xap) Hosting Dec 06 2010 Full-Stack SharePoint + Silverlight Debugging with Visual Studio 2010 Dec 06 2010 Scripting SharePoint 2010 Solution Installations Dec 04 2010 Attaching Visual Studio 2010 as a Silverlight Debugger Dec 01 2010 SharePoint Web Part Error When Switching Deployment Types Nov 29 2010 SharePoint 2010 Web Parts vs. Visual Web Parts Nov 24 2010 Enabling user (sandboxed) code in SharePoint 2010 Nov 24 2010 Deploying Web Parts to Microsoft SharePoint 2010 Nov 19 2010 Creating Configurable Web Part Properties Nov 15 2010 Silverlight single-click checkbox DataGrid columns Nov 01 2010 Silverlight host page for development and debugging Oct 19 2010 Allowing cross-site WCF service calls Oct 19 2010 Dealing with exceptions in WCF services Oct 19 2010 What’s in a Silverlight .XAP Oct 14 2010 WSPBuilder and SharePoint deployment layout - where does this stuff end up? Oct 14 2010 Observations on ObservableCollection Oct 14 2010 Applying styles in Silverlight Oct 13 2010 Data binding in Silverlight Oct 12 2010 Referencing a Silverlight UserControl Oct 12 2010 Embedding Silverlight into a WebPart Oct 12 2010 Silverlight content positioning - expanding to fill container Oct 11 2010 Silverlight unit testing Oct 11 2010 Building SharePoint projects with CruiseControl Oct 05 2010 Key properties in CRM Sep 20 2010 CRM API quirks Sep 09 2010 Creating a PayPal PayFlow test account Sep 09 2010 Working with DynamicEntity properties Aug 24 2010 Creating versioned output folders with Visual Studio (msbuild) Aug 19 2010 Including multiple script files with Windows scripting Aug 18 2010 Creating GUIDs with Javascript Windows scripting host Aug 18 2010 Installing ASP.NET 4.0 on Server2003/IIS6 Aug 02 2010 .NET references not found in Visual Studio Jul 16 2010 Understanding CRM LinkEntities Jul 12 2010 Getting a remote shell with Windows Jul 11 2010 Serialization: CRM entities vs DynamicEntities Jul 07 2010 Enabling design mode in ASP.NET WebParts Jul 06 2010 Querying CRM with conditions and filters Jul 06 2010 Code spelunking - CRM web service internals Jul 06 2010 Getting started with ASP.NET Web Parts Jul 06 2010 Connecting to MS CRM over SSH Jun 29 2010 Consuming CRM web services from Javascript Jun 07 2010 Error registering workflow to disk Jun 02 2010 Fixing intractable CRM Workflow errors May 21 2010 Dependency properties rant May 19 2010 Testing Windows Workflow activities in isolation May 19 2010 Working with default filters in MS CRM report files May 02 2010


Hi, I'm Tre Bey. I write blogs here at I Am Bey, and make websites for people who need them. Being born and raised in Chicago, I see the opportunities of this world as a launching pad for expression in many ways. I am energy; therefore I am light. So, meeting and building with people who have the mind for creating great things and enjoying the journeys of life is what makes the experience so great. If you have a business, idea or simply want to reach out and connect, feel free to contact me on all the things (social or email).
I view myself as a business and a personal brand, so my goals are to be efficient while creating value for my clients. My business model is to provide service of the best possible quality that I am capable, as a web designer, for small business owners and independent brands. My goal is to work closely with you, in order to offer the most effective pricing plans, while providing a high quality platform, where you can build a long lasting brand. My focus is to be cost efficient, to provide options, and to solve any problems that you may have, as I am designing your website for optimum effectiveness. Whether you need a website for ecommerce, portfolio, blog, service or art, I am here to help get you just what you need.


Tema Municipality Chamber
Join the Chamber
Tema Municipality Chamber of Commerce gives you the opportuniity to register your business and enjoy the benefits of quality advertisements, promotions and belonging. Businesses in our chamber feel a sense of belonging to the municipality. Click the button below to be part of this great community.
Purpose
The sole purpose of this chamber is to promote the interests of the members of the chamber oranization as well as promote the municipality, attracting members of the communities.
Goals
Our goal is to see all local businesses in the municipality achieve their advertisement goals through our platform and give them the opportunity to fulfill some of their civic responsibilites in the society. The chamber of commerce wishes to be a unique place where the attractions of the municipality are promoted to create awareness of the beauty of Tema.
A little Tour in the Municipality
Tema is a wonderful city located on the atlantic coast of Ghana. It is referred to as the "harbour city" because of the busiest harbour and seaport we find there. The city can boast of many social amenities. There are twenty five(5) communities and many townships in Tema. All the townships and communities in the city have basic access to social amenities. This makes your stay in Tema a lovely one. Check out some pictures of a few loving locations in the municipality.
Top Local Businesses in the Municipality
Ecobank Ghana Tema
Community One(1),
Meridian Terrain, PMB 23
Papaye Fastfood Tema
Community Two(2),
Near the police station
Sinapi Aba Micro-Finance
Community One(one),
Padmore Street.
Weather Information
Weather Smmary
Temperature: °C
Condition:
Humidity: %
Forecast
Upcoming Events
| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| 6 April |
Tema West Municipal Member of Parliament Interviews with Kofi Asamoah |
| 10 April |
Online Networking Conference with the Ghana National Chamber of Commerce |
| 23 April |
Online Networking Cocktail Reception with the Newly Called Board Members of the Chamber |


I´m a beginner guy as trainee about developer web
I hope you enjoy read about me, trust me it´s an amazing history
I´m a beginner guy as trainee about developer web
I hope you enjoy read about me, trust me it´s an amazing history


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In this template, we’ll build a small Spray application that provides a RESTful API for the management of Profiles in order to demonstrate how the Spray routing and caching libraries can be used to manage an external cache.
More specifically, we'll use the spymemcached client library to build an implementation of the Spray Cache trait that can manage Spray RouteResponses within an external Memcached or Hazelcast process.
During startup of the application an H2 database will be populated with 2 Profiles. Initial requests for those resources will be forwarded to the database and responses cached. Subsequent requests will be served by the cache unless otherwise evicted due to updates or deletions of said resources.
A common need for many applications is the ability to not only read and modify a cache store, but for that cache to be externalized from the process that is accessing the data so that the data contained within the cache can be accessed from multiple applications or processes that operate independently of each other.
For example, imagine an application that provides a RESTful endpoint to return a user’s profile information. Furthermore, imagine that the implementation of that RESTful endpoint amalgamates data from several other external systems to build the representation of the profile, and that the invocation of that endpoint takes a long time to complete. We might reduce the time it takes to return the profile on subsequent invocations by storing the initial result in a cache that can be accessed for the second, third, etc. call to return the same profile.
Taking the example one step further, imagine that there are two instances of that application, A and B, running behind a load balancer that distributes requests in a round-robin fashion. If application A receives the first request for a given profile, we want the resulting profile to be stored in an external cache so that if a subsequent request for the same profile is forwarded to application B, it can retrieve the profile from cache without having to also make the time consuming calls to the external systems that were already made by A.
The Spray caching library provides two in-memory cache implementations using an underlying ConcurrentLinkedHashMap. But if we want to externalize the cache such that it can be shared across applications as in the example above, those implementations will not suffice. We'll instead implement a Spray Cache using the spymemcached library in order to integrate with Memcached, which will run in a process separate from our application.
The API for managing Profiles is provided by the Route (named profileRoute) defined on the ProfileService trait.
GET /profiles to get all Profiles
POST /profiles to create a new Profile
GET /profiles/${profileId} to get a specific Profile
PUT /profiles/${profileId} to update a specific Profile
DELETE /profiles/{$profileId} to delete a specific Profile
Note: ${profileId} is an IntNumber, and the ID of the profile, i.e id == profile.id
Description: Get all Profiles
Method: GET
Path: /profiles
bash-3.2$ curl http://localhost:8080/profiles
[{
"id": 1,
"firstName": "Jon",
"lastName": "Doe",
"email"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>}, {
"id": 2,
"firstName": "Jane",
"lastName": "Doe",
"email"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>}]
Description: Create a Profile
Method: POST
Path: /profiles
bash-3.2$ curl -X POST \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{"firstName": "Frank", "lastName": "Zappa", "email"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>\
http://localhost:8080/profiles
{
"id": 3,
"firstName": "Frank",
"lastName": "Zappa",
"email"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>}
Description: Get a specific Profile
Method: GET
Path: /profiles/${profileId}
bash-3.2$ curl http://localhost:8080/profiles/3
{
"id": 3,
"firstName": "Frank",
"lastName": "Zappa",
"email"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>}
Description: Update a specific Profile
Method: PUT
Path: /profiles/${profileId}
bash-3.2$ curl -X PUT \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{"firstName": "Sheik", "lastName": "Yerbouti", "email"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>\
http://localhost:8080/profiles/3
{
"firstName": "Sheik",
"lastName": "Yerbouti",
"email"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>}
Description: Delete a specific Profile
Method: DELETE
Path: /profiles/${profileId}
bash-3.2$ curl -X DELETE http://localhost:8080/profiles/3
The purpose of this template is to show an example implementation of a Spray Cache that can be used for integrating a Spray application with a cache store that runs in a separate process (i.e. outside of the JVM running the Spray application). However, it's also desirable to make this tutorial as self contained as possible.
In light of both goals, the authors have decided to use the jmemcached library instead of running Memcached. This allows us to run both the Spray application and manage a cache that conforms to the Memcached protocol within the same JVM process.
If you desire to do so, you can nevertheless use an external Memcached process with this tutorial without changing any code other than commenting out the following two lines from Boot.scala.
HazelcastProcess
MemcachedProcess
For details concerning how to install Memcached, please refer to the Memcached website.
The cache is initialized by Boot.scala on startup of the application.
object Boot extends App {
//HazelcastProcess
MemcachedProcess
ProfilesDatabase
implicit val system = ActorSystem("spray-can")
val service = system.actorOf(Props[ProfileActor], "profile-service")
IO(Http) ! Http.Bind(service, interface = "localhost", port = 8080)
}
MemcachedProcess
MemcachedProcess starts and configures a MemCacheDaemon (a jmemcached class). This is the cache that our application will be using to store RouteResponses. The cache is configured based on the memcached property values provided in the application.conf file. Please note that while memcached.hosts is a List of strings in the format of ip:port, only the first value from the List will be used.
HazelcastProcess
Did you notice the commented out HazelcastProcess? It just so happens that Hazelcast is compatible with Memcached clients. And since we've used the spymemcached library to implement MemcachedCache (our Spray Cache), we can use MemcachedCache with Hazelcast as well.
If you'd like to use Hazelcast instead of jmemcached, simply comment out MemcachedProcess and uncomment HazelcastProcess in Boot.scala like so:
HazelcastProcess
//MemcachedProcess
HazelcastProcess is configured with the same application.conf properties as MemcachedProcess.
MemcachedCache is an implementation of spray.caching.Cache that uses the spymemcached library. Within this application, MemcachedCache is used for caching RouteResponses of ProfileService. However, it can just as well be used to cache any other type of serializable object.
apply(key: Any, genValue: () => Future[V])
checks for an entry within the cache based on the provided key, and if not found,
inserts a value into the cache based on genValue.def remove(key: Any)
is called by ProfileService for all POSTs, PUTs, and DELETEs of Profile resources.ProfileService implements spray.routing.HttpService, and provides the RESTful API for managing Profiles.
Let's step through the code:
1. We first get a reference to ProfileDAO, which is going to provide the API for querying, inserting, updating, and deleting Profiles from a data store -- in our case an H2 database.
private val profileDAO = ProfileDAO
2. Next, we create an instance of MemcachedCache[spray.routing.directives.CachingDirectives.RouteResponse], which will be used for storing and removing our RouteResponses.
private val theCache = MemcachedCache.routeCache(Memcached.hosts, Memcached.timeToLive)
3. We then define a custom keyer that returns just the path and parameters of the request. This will be useful to us in the case that we have multiple instances of the same application accessible through different IP addreses or ports.
For example, let's say we have the same application running on two different ports under the same IP address - http://<IP_ADDRESS>:8080 and http://<IP_ADDRESS>:9090. We wouldn't want to save individual entries for each application in the external cache with keys of http://<IP_ADDRESS>:8080/profiles and http://<IP_ADDRESS>:9090/profiles.
It'd be preferable to simply have a single cache entry with a key of /profiles that's accessible by both instances of the application. That allows each application to benefit from the work that's already been done by the other.
implicit val relativeUriKeyer = CacheKeyer {
case RequestContext(HttpRequest(GET, uri, _, _, _), _, _) => uri.toRelative
}
4. We wrap most of our route definition in the alwaysCache directive, passing it our MemcachedCache for persisting responses to jmemcached (or Hazelcast).
val profileRoute = {
alwaysCache(theCache) {
...rest of route definition...
}
}
5. In cases where we modify the Profile resource, we want to make sure that we evict any associated cache entries, so that subsequent requests to GET that resource will return the most up to date version.
Because of this, you'll notice that all POST, PUT, and DELETE requests make a call
to evictCache(uri: Uri, evictParentPath: Boolean)
.
The definition of evictCache is shown below.
What evictCache does is pretty straight-forward. It will evict the cache based on the URI provided, and optionally its parent path. For instance, if the URI is /profiles/1, the parent path is considered to be /profiles.
As an example of where we might want to evict the cache entry of the parent path consider the following scenario:
Steps 1 and 2 both create individual cache entries, each containing the data for the Profile with id == 1. When we delete the very same Profile, we want to make sure that its details are removed from both cache entries. Therefore, we need to remove the cache for both GET /profiles and GET /profiles/1. By passing in true, for the evictParentPath argument, we'll ensure that this happens.
private def evictCache(uri: Uri, evictParentPath: Boolean) = {
theCache.remove(uri.toRelative)
if(evictParentPath) {
val uriString = uri.toRelative.toString
theCache.remove(uriString.substring(0, uriString.lastIndexOf("/")))
}
}


System of Goods
Along with the system of tokens, Elementh has a system of goods, which can also be used in a large number of applications, such as tracking the movement of a particular item from its creation to the current owner, tracking original goods and detecting counterfeit goods. Unlike the system of tokens, the system of goods also provides for the ability to "issue" a particular product at a particular address, indicating all possible item's data (such as name, manufacturer, bar code, etc.). And if identical goods are already present in the blockchain, the issuer will receive a message about it, and he will have the opportunity to indicate how many items of goods he wants to "issue". If an item has a serial number, it is possible to specify it when the transfer operation is being performed. To provide protection against data forging, only the hash of the serial number is fixed in the system, therefore only the person who knows the initial number has the ability to make a valid transaction. In the absence of a serial number at the moment of "issuing" goods, the system generates it randomly and the holder is able to use it to identify a particular item of goods by printing out the QR code on the package, writing it in an RFID tag or in any other convenient way.
Unified Nomenclature of Goods
One of the key features of Elementh is the availability of a unified nomenclature. To ensure that the merchandise cards are as complete and accurate as possible, and to reduce the likelihood of creating duplicate cards, the cost of creating and using the card will be different. To create a merchandise card a participant will have to pay, for example, 1 EEE (the price will be set by voting of delegates). At the moment when the owner adds the item to the system, he is offered to use an existing card or create a new one. The use of an existing card costs 100 times less than the creation of a new one (for example, 0,01 EEE). The cardholder receives a reward for each owner of goods that uses his card, as well as for making a transaction using this card. Any participant in the system can supplement information in existing cards, and the cardholder can accept or reject the proposed changes.
The originality of Goods
Goods in the system exist in a single copy and if an item with the same serial number is added to the system, any dApp can notify the buyer that the origin of the goods is unknown. If the chain of ownership comes from the manufacturer, the confirmation of the originality of the goods will be throughout the entire network.


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--- layout: post title: 'Darren on Ruby: Migrating Rails to Tomcat / JEE, Part 1: Switching to JRuby & Apache Derby' date: '2009-04-11T13:36:00.021+01:00' author: Darren Bishop tags: - Derby - Java - Rails - JRoR - Tomcat - SQLite3 - JRuby - Ruby - RoR modified_time: '2009-04-17T09:09:07.302+01:00' blogger_id: tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3826577489563855618.post-7969152418791161062 blogger_orig_url: http://blog.darrenbishop.com/2009/04/migrating-rails-to-jee-part-1-switching.html ---
Complete this tutorial as a prelude to this blog. This is less about you learning RoR, but more about giving you a convenient starting point to proceed. If you already have a project in mind that you want to migrate, make a copy and work with that. Note for Windows users: When you get to the point of installing the SQLite3 gem, use version 1.2.3 as at the time of this writing, it is the most recent version compatible with Windows;gem install sqlite3-ruby -v 1.2.3 -y
. For your convenience, here are some links you might find useful while completing that tutorial: http://localhost:3000
http://localhost:3000/home/index
index.html
file and put it back in the public folder and hit refresh/F5. You should now see the 'Welcome aboard... You’re riding Ruby on Rails!' welcome page. Click on the 'About your application’s environment' link and you should see a flash message (I think that's what they call it) describing you environment; you should observe two things:
DERBY_HOME
environment variable and add DERBY_HOME\bin
to your PATH
environment variable.derby.jar
, derbyclient.jar
and derbynet.jar
in DERBY_HOME\lib
to JRUBY_HOME\lib
.jgem install activerecord-jdbcderby-adapter-0.9.0 -y
(I had an issue with version 0.9.1; something about an uninitialized constant...)RAILS_ROOT\config\database.yml
file; comment out the default development
database definition (or just prepend an underscore or something) and paste in the following below it:
development: adapter: jdbc url: jdbc:derby:db\blog_development;create=true driver: org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver username: app password: app
jrake db:sessions:create jrake db:migrate
jruby script\server
and test it again by going here. Click on the 'About your application’s environment' link; this time you'll observe two significant differences:


My name is Kasia Rosenberg and I am a full stack software engineer with experience in Ruby on Rails, JavaScript, and React. In a rare combination, I bring to the table not only a well-rounded foundation of programming skills, business acumen, and
keen sense for design but also strong client relationship and engagement skills, having led communications with internal and external stakeholders.
While my professional experiences are evident in my Work History and Portfolio sections I would like to emphasize some qualities that cannot be conveyed
as easily: grit, perseverance and work ethic. I grew up in a tiny village in communist Poland, with one grocery store. My
dad had to drop out of school at 15 to work, and I was one of few people in my village to go to a university. I graduated
with honors from Jagiellonian University, which includes Nicolaus Copernicus and Pope John Paul II among its notable alumni.
Finding few opportunities in the poverty of post-Communist Poland, I moved to the States. Moving to a country with a different culture,
without family or friends, and where the language is new was very challenging. However, while working I studied English intensively
and mastered it well enough to be accepted to Johns Hopkins University. While at John Hopkins as a full time student, I also
worked full time to pay for my living and educational expenses . The most valued skills I mastered during that time was an
ability to prioritize tasks and balance various responsibilities while keeping focus on my goals. I was able to complete
a four year degree in less than three years, graduating Magna Cum Laude. My professional experience includes working as a
research analyst for CEB now Gartner, in London, a globally esteemed business research and advisory firm, and also years as an entrepreneur
in Washington, D.C., having founded two sole-proprietor businesses to deliver technology solutions to various markets. Having
lived and worked in three countries has helped me develop exceptional communication skills and the ability to work with many
diverse kinds of peoples.
I am looking for more than a job; I'm looking for a career where I can be challenged, thrive, and never stop learning and
growing. Contact me if you believe your company and I would be a great fit!
Portfolio
Quantum Dog
Catch a Quantum Dog who escape from a lab
Meme Generator
Generate your own meme
Room Seek
Find an apartment for rent
Work History
2009 - 2016
Digital Machinations
Owner
Personal contracting business for full service web design and development in WordPress and Joomla for small businesses
and nonprofits
Gather and document client requirements through individual sessions
Use agile or waterfall workflows, depending on client's availability and needs
Build and maintain relationships with clients and provide ongoing client support
2009 - 2016
The Lucky Bidwell Group
IT Specialist
Provided regression and integration testing and QA of code, maintained bug queues and clear code for real-time use in markets
Updated and maintained existing functions and utilities based on requirements from the algorithm designer
Under direction of the algorithm designer, ensured all code was documented and each function run appropriate verifications
on inputs and outputs
2009 - 2016
CEB now Gartner
Research Analyst
Established rapport and probed IT executives (CIO's and their direct reports) at client companies on deadline to understand
their current management priorities
Taught key insights to business executives in person, and responded to inbound research inquiries
Conducted walkthroughs to educate clients and prospects on the benefits of CEB's products and services
Project Name
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Date: January 2017
Client: Threads
Category: Illustration
Project Name
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Date: January 2017
Client: Explore
Category: Graphic Design
Project Name
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[CHAPTER 327E]
UNIFORM HEALTH-CARE DECISIONS ACT (MODIFIED)
Section
327E-1 Short title
327E-2 Definitions
327E-3 Advance health-care directives
327E-4 Revocation of advance health-care directive
327E-5 Health-care decisions; surrogates
327E-6 Decisions by guardian
327E-7 Obligations of health-care provider
327E-8 Health-care information
327E-9 Immunities
327E-10 Statutory damages
327E-11 Capacity
327E-12 Effect of copy
327E-13 Effect of this chapter
327E-14 Judicial relief
327E-15 Uniformity of application and construction
327E-16 Optional form
Law Journals and Reviews
The Death Of The Living Will And The Making Of Health Care Decisions Under Hawaii's New But Not Quite Uniform Health-Care Decisions Act. III HBJ No. 13, at pg. 29.
Elder Law Hawaii. 13 HBJ No. 13, at pg. 85.
Consent for Testing and Treatment of Minors in Hawaii. 13 HBJ No. 13, at pg. 165.
Becoming a "Dementia-Capable" Attorney -- Representing Individuals with Dementia. 18 HBJ, no. 13, at 1 (2015).

Holding Hawaii Nursing Facilities Accountable for the Inadequate Pain Management of Elderly Residents. 27 UH L. Rev. 233.


We last drew attention to Sir Isaac Newton on 16th December last year. Here is a further anecdote. Passing swiftly over the fact that his name is an anagram of “ironic swans eat”, we ought also celebrate his powers of concentration. When his mind was fixed upon some knotty mathematical problem, as it so often was, he had great difficuly bestirring himself in the mornings. He was known to begin dressing, get one leg inside his breeches, then sit back down on the bed, lost in thought for hours upon hours. A proper caution, in other words.


What's with today, today?


Every year, the GP Patient Survey gives patients a chance to say what they think of their surgery.
Below you can see some of the results for this surgery in the latest survey.
| This surgery | National average | |
|---|---|---|
| Patients who would recommend their surgery | 70% | 78% |
| Patients who think the receptionists are helpful | 89% | 87% |
| Patients who said it’s easy to get through to this surgery on the phone | 70% | 73% |
| Patients who said booking an appointment was a good experience | 54% | 73% |
| Patients who had confidence in the last GP they saw | 98% | 95% |
| Patients who said the last GP I saw was good at listening to them | 84% | 89% |