Scottish football news LIVE: Celtic player 'being monitored by a string of English clubs', Alan Brazil brands Rangers star a 'cheat', latest Betfred Cup Final reaction
by Rhys ThomasThe Old Firm met in a bruising encounter on Sunday, with Rangers furious that Celtic's goal wasn't ruled out for offside.
It was a fiesty game, with Celtic reduced to ten men, and Rangers left to rue missed chances, including a save Alfredo Morelos penalty. For now stick with us for all of the latest reaction, news and gossip - hit F5 or refresh the page to see the latest news.


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class: middle, center # Spock "The enterprise ready specification framework" https://github.com/spockframework/spock/ --- class: middle, left ## Spock - JUnit ``` | Spock | Junit | |---------------------|------------------------------------| | Specification | Test Class | | setup() | @Before | | cleanup() | @After | | setupSpec() | @BeforeClass | | cleanupSpec() | @AfterClass | | Feature | Test | | Feature method | Test method | | Data-driven feature | Theory | | Condition | Assertion | | Exception condition | @Test(expected=…) | | Interaction | Mock expectation (e.g. in Mockito) | ``` --- class: middle, left ## Specification A specification is represented as a Groovy class that extends from `spock.lang.Specification` ```groovy class MyFirstSpecification extends Specification { // fields // fixture methods // feature methods // helper methods } ``` --- class: middle, left ## Fixtures ```groovy def setup() {} // run before every feature method def cleanup() {} // run after every feature method def setupSpec() {} // run before the first feature method def cleanupSpec() {} // run after the last feature method ``` --- class: middle, left ## Feature Methods * Set up the feature’s fixture * Provide a stimulus to the system under specification * Describe the response expected from the system * Clean up the feature’s fixture ```groovy def "pushing an element on the stack"() { // blocks go here } ``` --- class: middle, left ## Blocks There are six kinds of blocks: `setup`, `when`, `then`, `expect`, `cleanup`, and `where` blocks. ![Blocks to Phases](resources/Blocks2Phases.png) --- ### Feedback ```groovy setup: def stack = new Stack() def elem = "push me" when: stack.push(elem) then: !stack.empty stack.size() == 1 stack.peek() == elem ``` What kind of feedback does Spock provide if a condition is violated? (`stack.size() == 2`) ```groovy Condition not satisfied: stack.size() == 2 | | | | 1 false [push me] ``` --- class: middle, left ## Mocking/Stubbing JUnit ```java @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class) ... private Subscriber subscriber = mock(Subscriber.class); ... when(subscriber.someMethod(TEST)).thenReturn(result); verify(subscriber).otherMethod(isA(Some.class)); ``` Spock ```groovy def subscriber = Mock(Subscriber) ... subscriber.someMethod(TEST) >> result 1 * subscriber.otherMethod ``` --- class: middle, left ## Parameterization ```groovy class ImageValidatorSpec extends Specification { @Unroll def "validate extension of #fileToValidate"() { when: "validator checks filename" def isValid = validate fileToValidate then: "return appropriate result" isValid == expectedResult where: "input files are" fileToValidate || expectedResult 'some.jpeg' || true 'some.jpg' || true 'some.tiff' || false 'some.bmp' || true 'some.png' || false } } ``` --- class: middle, left ## Specifications as Documentation ```groovy class AlbumServiceSpec extends Specification { AlbumServiceImp service AlbumMapper mapper = Stub(AlbumMapper) void setup() { service = new AlbumServiceImp(mapper) } void "It should return dto list when the find is correct"() { given: "stubbing service" Integer userId = 3 List
dataSearch = [] mapper.findAllByUserId(_ as Long) >> dataSearch when: "store service response" def findInformation = service.findAllByUserId(userId) then: "assertions" findInformation instanceof List
} } ```


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| Home > Products > Barcode Components > PHP Generator Script > Download Demo |
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barcode cannot be changed because this would reveal the complete formula, which
is only available in the
purchased version. The purchased version is provided with a money
back satisfaction guarantee. If it is necessary to test dynamic barcodes with
this product, IDAutomation also offers an on-line free version. The free generator may be used to test and evaluate implementation
without installation. It may be used in production by organizations that qualify
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To change the barcode data, refer to the
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Welcome to
SoftUni
Coffee Shop
Coffee
In our cafe you can find all kinds of coffee drinks that you can imagine. Short Italian coffee or huge American coffee, a hot drink to keep you warm or an iced frappe to keep you cool. The choice is yours. :)
Cake
To fully enjoy our excellent coffee, you will surely need a bite of our sweet products. Here comes the sweet part of our menu. Whether you choose Rainbow cake with Happy lion cake or prefer Unicorn , the choice is entirely yours, but the important thing is to relax and fully enjoy this moment. :)
Drink
If you feel that you need a little extra freshness to our excellent coffee, you can browse our menu of drinks.There you will find a huge variety of drinks, starting from natural juices and carbonated drinks, going through non-alcoholic and light alcoholic cocktails, to stronger drinks. :)


First time travelling to the west and become a speaker in GNOME.Asia Summit.
Submit Talk
GNOME.Asia Summit last year in Depok, Indonesia I didn't submit a paper, because I helped the event as local organizer, but this year I had the opportunity to submit paper.
Ticket and Visa
I bought AirAsia ticket because it's cheap (Air Asia is budget airplane). It's easy to apply visa to India with e-visa. Fast and cheap, only $49.
Arrived in India
Arrived at 10 PM Delhi time. We (Me, Ahmad, and Miftah) going to campus by Taxi, we have a good taxi driver. He always like to talk, even he can't speak english very well. Arrived at campus about 1 AM and we have difficulties to enter because the guard didn't understand english, but lucky we have the good taxi driver, he help us. :D
Day 0
We're late going to venue because very late sleep. In the morning i'd rather shock cause the campus is so big and wide. From our room to the venue we need to walk around 5-10 minutes, cause our room is far from venue.
The workshop is cool, many participants like technically workshop, it's not happen in Indonesia. Cause my english is not so good, I'm kind of nervous if people want to talk with me, but yeah talk make me better in english, so we just chit chat with some "uh-yeah google translate", hahahaha.
Day 1
We came early to the venue, and we have to come to the Dean Room. It's make me kind of not feeling good cause I'm just wear a short pants, but it's okay. The opening is very good, we have traditional culture for opening event. It's great.
Long time I want to try eat Indian curry, cause I've seen it in movie (Indian movie is famous in Indonesia) and it's looks delicious. The food and the drink are great.
Day 2
Second day of summit, the weather is hot but the summit is very interesting. I attend the class of Andre Klapper (Triaging Bugs Report), Iwan Tahari (FOSS in Metal Roofing Industries) and Tobi (5 Years of GNOME 3). And my talk in this day about FOSS in Indonesia Election.
It's great to have talk here and some people give their opinions and it's good, that's why we love to share.
Last Day, One Day Trip
Last day, one day trip. We're going to Agra to see the Taj'mahal. It's amazing, I'm not good with the words but, i'ts amazing to see Taj'mahal from close. We have so much wefie :D.
Day of Going Back to Indonesia
Last day in India, we're going to Delhi in the morning by Metro. The metro is good, like in the Singapore. We're going to Indian Gate too.
Thanks for GNOME for sponsored my journey to GNOME.Asia Summit 2016 Delhi, India.
Let's contribute to GNOME and FOSS Project.
Sponsored by
GNOME Foundation


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1 This cow was not buried in the earth but was to be seen even in my time, in the town of Saïs, where it stood in a furnished room of the palace; incense of all kinds is offered daily before it, and a lamp burns by it all through every night.
2 Near this cow in another chamber statues of Mycerinus' concubines stand, so the priests of Saïs said; and in fact there are about twenty colossal wooden figures there, made like naked women; but except what I was told, I cannot tell who these are.


Summary
Experienced Full Stack Developer Skilled in LAMP stack, JavaScript, DevOps, Containerization, web development and agile software development. Strong engineering professional with a BS focused in Computer Science.
Experience
- Deployed JewelScent Restful API.
- Achieved 50% cost savings by moving virtual machine-based applications to Containers.
- Designed and deployed a custom message queue to process background jobs.
- Deployed new website and led the process of data migrating from the legacy platform.
- JGOOD project, designed and deployed Dropship program.
- Worked on JewelPerch Project, a social shopping community with an earn cash rewards system. it was a semi-finalist in the Harvard Business Plan competition.
- Worked on Baublebox project, An online retail flash sale store.
- Worked on web application project that communicates with core engine (UTM) via web socket.
- Worked as a developer in Management Information System project in the Steel Manufacturing Industry


STARGATE A film review by Craig Good Copyright 1994 Craig Good
Let's hear it for the Sun god! He's a real fun god! Ra! Ra! Ra!
Like many others, I ate up the trailers for "Stargate" in anticipation if its release. As soon as it opened, I saw it at one of the biggest theatres in town. The good news is that the movie delivered everything it promised to me in the trailers. It's big, art directed to the hilt, has some stunning effects, and crowd scenes like we haven't seen since, well, DUNE. The bad news is--that's all it delivered.
The story is pretty basic and mindless. That makes it just a little better than most "Star Trek" movies and TV episodes. But that's damning with faint praise. Remember, though, that the trailer never promised a Merchant/Ivory film.
On some levels the movie works quite well. It does a pretty good job at the hand-waving technobabble that is seemingly so necessary in science fiction, and resists the temptation to over-explain the technology. That, coupled with the stunning look, would be enough to convey the impression of a relatively intelligent film were it not for a few glaring stupidities.
The first thing is the "military" mission--led by Kurt Russell--which is accompanied by rogue Egyptologist James Spader on the journey through the stargate.  Except for packing along some nice guns and remembering to say "over" at the end of most of their radio transmissions, this little pack acts nothing like any group who ever donned a uniform for real, much less the crack Special Forces one would expect to find on this mission.
And, very minor spoiler here, you know things aren't going well in the script department when, because of the medallion he's wearing, Spader is mistaken for a diety by the natives. My, I certainly didn't see *that* one coming.
Also along for the slow, ponderous ride is Jaye Davidson who wears some simply fabulous outfits in his role as Ra, the sun god. Ironically, he looks more feminine in his kingly garb than he ever did in drag in THE CRYING GAME. He doesn't get to do much more than pose, though, and his voice is replaced with a heavily processed growl that is at times hard to understand.
There's an audience for STARGATE: people who, like me, catch it on a matinee and with low expectations, or kids who are still enjoying the "gee whiz" stage of life. That audience is likely too small for it to recoup the rumored $55 million budget, and I'm only sorry that they didn't pare it down to $54 million to have some more money to spend on the script.
--Craig
.
The review above was posted to the
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Non-quantitative data, whatever that doesn't need to be organized
The end 😼
I am an ordered list
hence the numbers
You can use me for data or things that are comparable
Quantitative data, whatever that may need to be organized
The end
I am a giant, purple h1
I am a tiny, black h6
My favorite dessert is ice cream!
I enjoy the smore's + cookie dough blizzard from Dairy Queen, but
especially so when I share ice cream with family and friends :)


WITNESS LIST Health & Human Services Committee February 8, 2001 - 9:00A SB 52 FOR: Quoyeser, Cay (Self), New Braunfels, TX ON: Lutz, Judy Director, Child Care Licensing (Texas Department of Protective and Regulatory Services), Austin, TX Otto, C. Kingsbery Attorney (Texas Department of Protective and Regulatory Services), Austin, TX SB 338 Registering, but not testifying: On: Stanley, Sharilyn Associate Commissioner (Texas Department of Health), Austin, TX SB 439 ON: Kimbrough, Jay Executive Director (Texas Commission on Alcohol and Drug Abuse), Austin, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: Humphrey, Cynthia Executive Director (Association of Substance Abuse Programs), Kerrville, TX


YOU SAY WHAT WE SAY WHERE
Hi, This is our group
According to the order of images, from the top to the bottom, the members of the group are:
- Alessio Roselli
- Mattia Mantello
- Lorenzo Bracco
- Natasha Toussa
Facts about us
Alessio Roselli was born in Turin(TO), Italy, on the 5 January 1990, he is a computer engineer and comes from the Polythecnic University of Turin, Italy.
Mattia Mantello was born in Andora(SV), Italy, on the 5 April 1990, he is a computer engineer and comes from the Polythecnic University of Turin, Italy.
Lorenzo Bracco was born in Chivasso(TO), Italy, on the 29 November 1990, he is a computer engineer and comes from the Polythecnic University of Turin, Italy.
Natasha Toussa was born in Paris (France) on the 7 July 1990, she is a telecommunications engineer and she comes from the Telecom ParisTech University of Paris, France.


Selfiecity
Self-portraits (selfies) in five cities across the world
ReVis from
Selfiecity
, a project by Dr. Lev Manovich, Moritz Stefaner, Mehrdad Yazdani, Dr. Dominikus Baur, Daniel Goddmeyer, Alise Tifentale, Nadov Hochman, Jay Chow.


Autolaunch OFF
Launch
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Trail Life:
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Element Fade:
Explosion Energy:
Fragments Max:


* The keyboard can be used as an organ by typing letter keys or clicking the mouse on the keyboard diagram. You can "record" notes by pressing the red bttn and typing letters. They will appear on the musical staff. You can edit and save them. * The clip can be used to cut and paste. * Psalmody uses HolyC files as the song format! See ::/Apps/Psalmody/Examples/prosper.HC. The Psalmody program does not fully parse the songs when loading them back in, so changes made outside Psalmody will be lost, like if you add graphics. * The first line of the HolyC song files is a comment with a category recognized by JukeBox(). The categories are "no nothing", "has words", "has graphics", or "special". The third character in the song comment is a digit rating number, shown in JukeBox(). You can set the song rating in JukeBox() by pressing 0-9. You can request your reward from God by pressing r. You can press <DEL> to delete songs. * You can take the Play() stmts out of a song file and place them in your programs. You can also add a song to a document with <CTRL-l>, but you should do it after pressing <CTRL-t> because the clip-insert in <CTRL-l> is screwy. See this <Song> after pressing <CTRL-t>, now. * You can call JukeBox("~/Psalmody"); to play your songs.
Psalmody Help


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A Physical tag has physical text which is used to tell the browser how to display the text enclosed in the physical tag.
Example for the physical tags are: , ,
Logical tags are used to tell the meaning of the enclosed text in it. The example of the logical tag is


The Quantity object is meant to represent a value that has some unit associated with the number.
Quantity objects are created through multiplication or division with Unit objects. For example, to create a Quantity to represent 15 m/s:
>>> import astropy.units as u
>>> 15 * u.m / u.s
<Quantity 15 m / s>
or 1.14/s:
>>> 1.14 / u.s
<Quantity 1.1... 1 / s>
You can also create instances using the Quantity constructor directly, by specifying a value and unit:
>>> u.Quantity(15, u.m / u.s)
<Quantity 15 m / s>
Quantity objects can also be created automatically from Numpy arrays or Python sequences:
>>> [1, 2, 3] * u.m
<Quantity [1,2,3] m>
>>> import numpy as np
>>> np.array([1, 2, 3]) * u.m
<Quantity [1,2,3] m>
Quantity objects can also be created from sequences of Quantity objects, as long as all of their units are equivalent, and will automatically convert to Numpy arrays.
>>> qlst = [60 * u.s, 1 * u.min]
>>> u.Quantity(qlst, u.minute)
<Quantity [ 1., 1.] min>
Finally, the current unit and value can be accessed via the unit and value attributes:
>>> q = 2.3 * u.m / u.s
>>> q.unit
Unit("m / s")
>>> q.value
2...
Quantity objects can be converted to different units using the to() method:
>>> q = 2.3 * u.m / u.s
>>> q.to(u.km / u.h)
<Quantity 8.2... km / h>
For convenience, the si and cgs attributes can be used to convert the Quantity to base S.I. or c.g.s units:
>>> q = 2.4 * u.m / u.s
>>> q.si
<Quantity 2... m / s>
>>> q.cgs
<Quantity 240.0 cm / s>
Addition or subtraction between Quantity objects is supported when their units are equivalent. When the units are equal, the resulting object has the same unit:
>>> 11 * u.s + 30 * u.s
<Quantity 41 s>
>>> 30 * u.s - 11 * u.s
<Quantity 19 s>
If the units are equivalent, but not equal (e.g. kilometer and meter), the resulting object has units of the object on the left:
>>> 1100.1 * u.m + 13.5 * u.km
<Quantity 14600.1 m>
>>> 13.5 * u.km + 1100.1 * u.m
<Quantity 14.600... km>
>>> 1100.1 * u.m - 13.5 * u.km
<Quantity -12399.9 m>
>>> 13.5 * u.km - 1100.1 * u.m
<Quantity 12.399... km>
Addition and subtraction is not supported between Quantity objects and basic numeric types:
>>> 13.5 * u.km + 19.412
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
UnitsError: Can only apply 'add' function to dimensionless
quantities when other argument is not a quantity (unless the
latter is all zero/infinity/nan)
except for dimensionless quantities (see Dimensionless quantities).
Multiplication and division is supported between Quantity objects with any units, and with numeric types. For these operations between objects with equivalent units, the resulting object has composite units:
>>> 1.1 * u.m * 140.3 * u.cm
<Quantity 154.33... cm m>
>>> 140.3 * u.cm * 1.1 * u.m
<Quantity 154.33... cm m>
>>> 1. * u.m / (20. * u.cm)
<Quantity 0.05... m / cm>
>>> 20. * u.cm / (1. * u.m)
<Quantity 20.0 cm / m>
For multiplication, you can change how to represent the resulting object by using the to() method:
>>> (1.1 * u.m * 140.3 * u.cm).to(u.m**2)
<Quantity 1.5433... m2>
>>> (1.1 * u.m * 140.3 * u.cm).to(u.cm**2)
<Quantity 15433.0... cm2>
For division, if the units are equivalent, you may want to make the resulting object dimensionless by reducing the units. To do this, use the decompose() method:
>>> (20. * u.cm / (1. * u.m)).decompose()
<Quantity 0.2...>
This method is also useful for more complicated arithmetic:
>>> 15. * u.kg * 32. * u.cm * 15 * u.m / (11. * u.s * 1914.15 * u.ms)
<Quantity 0.341950972... cm kg m / (ms s)>
>>> (15. * u.kg * 32. * u.cm * 15 * u.m / (11. * u.s * 1914.15 * u.ms)).decompose()
<Quantity 3.41950972... kg m2 / s2>
Quantity objects are actually full Numpy arrays (the Quantity object class inherits from and extends the numpy.ndarray class), and we have tried to ensure that most Numpy functions behave properly with units:
>>> q = np.array([1., 2., 3., 4.]) * u.m / u.s
>>> np.mean(q)
<Quantity 2.5 m / s>
>>> np.std(q)
<Quantity 1.118033... m / s>
including functions that only accept specific units such as angles:
>>> q = 30. * u.deg
>>> np.sin(q)
<Quantity 0.499...>
or dimensionless quantities:
>>> nu = 3 * u.GHz
>>> T = 30 * u.K
>>> np.exp(-h * nu / (k_B * T))
<Quantity 0.995212254619>
(see Dimensionless quantities for more details).
Dimensionless quantities have the characteristic that if they are added or subtracted from a Python scalar or unitless ndarray, or if they are passed to a Numpy function that takes dimensionless quantities, the units are simplified so that the quantity is dimensionless and scale-free. For example:
>>> 1. + 1. * u.m / u.km
<Quantity 1.00...>
which is different from:
>>> 1. + (1. * u.m / u.km).value
2.0
In the latter case, the result is 2.0 because the unit of (1. * u.m / u.km) is not scale-free by default:
>>> q = (1. * u.m / u.km)
>>> q.unit
Unit("m / km")
>>> q.unit.decompose()
Unit(dimensionless with a scale of 0.001)
However, when combining with a non-quantity object, the unit is automatically decomposed to be scale-free, giving the expected result.
This also occurs when passing dimensionless quantities to functions that take dimensionless quantities:
>>> nu = 3 * u.GHz
>>> T = 30 * u.K
>>> np.exp(- h * nu / (k_B * T))
<Quantity 0.995212254619>
The result is independent from the units the different quantities were specified in:
>>> nu = 3.e9 * u.Hz
>>> T = 30 * u.K
>>> np.exp(- h * nu / (k_B * T))
<Quantity 0.995212254619>
Converting Quantity objects does not work for non-dimensionless quantities:
>>> float(3. * u.m)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
TypeError: Only dimensionless scalar quantities can be converted
to Python scalars
Instead, only dimensionless values can be converted to plain Python scalars:
>>> float(3. * u.m / (4. * u.m))
0.75
Note that scaled dimensionless quantities such as m / km also do not work:
>>> float(3. * u.m / (4. * u.km))
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
TypeError: Only dimensionless scalar quantities can be converted
to Python scalars
If you want to simplify e.g. dimensionless quantities to their true dimensionless value, then you can make use of the decompose() method:
>>> q = 3. * u.m / (4. * u.km)
>>> q
<Quantity 0.75 m / km>
>>> q.decompose()
<Quantity 0.00075...>
>>> float(q.decompose())
0.00075...
Similarly, int and long work, but only for dimensionless unscaled quantities:
>>> int(6. * u.m / (2. * u.m))
3
Since Quantity objects are Numpy arrays, we are not able to ensure that only dimensionless quantities are converted to Numpy arrays:
>>> np.array([1, 2, 3] * u.m)
array([1, 2, 3])
Similarly, while most numpy functions work properly, a few have known issues, either ignoring the unit (e.g., np.dot) or not reinitializing it properly (e.g., np.hstack). This propagates to more complex functions such as np.linalg.norm and scipy.integrate.odeint.


Chapter 5 Getting your bearings: Navigating the administrator’s interface
Now, let’s turn to the administrative interface. You access this through either https://webcbt.se/YourDataBase or https://bassdb.se/YourDataBase. You will have your login credentials supplied by us, and logging in will require 2FA (two-factor authentication) through either SMS or through an authenticator app (Authy, Google Authenticator, Microsoft Authenticator).
All functionality in the BASS administration interface can be accessed from the main menu to the left of your screen.
What options are visible in the main menu depends on what privileges have been assigned to your profile. A common setup is that one administrator manages the available instruments and assessments, while several therapists manage their own participants and individual treatments. This manual is written to cover BASS in its entirety. The image below shows all available menu options, as presented to database administrators.
Now, let’s examine what substitutes the main menu:
Participant Search lets you search specific data points relevant to the participants registered in the active project. The Search tab will show what information is searchable. See Chapter 4 for further details.
The Project dropdown menu lets you choose what project to view. This governs which participants and what assessments you can access. Instruments and treatments are shared between projects. To switch projects, simply use the dropdown menu.
Participants lets you see an overview over all the participants registered in the active project. In this overview you can see if a participant is flagged, has sent messages or reported an error, among other information. See Chapter 6 for further details.
Assessments is only shown if you have selected a project from the Project dropdown menu. Here, you can view, create and edit assessments. See Chapter 5 for further details.
Registration options is only shown if you have selected a project. This view lets you define the parameters of the registration procedure built into BASS, should you elect to use it. You can define what information you want participants to submit, and write detailed information about your study or treatment to be presented. You can also opt to present consent forms during the registration process. See Chapter # for further details (under construction and will be updated).
Project security lets you define what security measures your project will use, such as two-factor authentication.
The Treatment containers view lets you view, create and edit treatments to be used within BASS. See Chapter 8 for further details.
The Instruments view lets you view, create, edit and delete instruments to be used within BASS. See Chapter 7 for further details.
Note categories lets you define custom note categories to be used to sort information on participants.
Answers flagging lets you set and define rules to flag specific answers or answer ranges in instruments that you want to quickly be notified about, should a participant give those answers.
The Projects lets your view and create projects within the database.
Privacy notice lets you view and edit the privacy notice(s) for the database and its projects. This is mandatory information in the EU that needs to be made available to all potential participants. If you use the built in registration procedure in BASS, this privacy notice is presented there.
My settings lets you view the settings of your therapist login.
Security settings lets you view and edit the security settings of the database, such as a general mailbox and expiry time for quick login codes. See Chapter # for further details (under construction and will be updated).
External messages lets you view and edit messages which can be sent automatically to the cell phones or e-mail adresses of participants. This is, for example, notifications and reminders about active assessments.
Reports lets you extract reports on data collected through instruments and assessments in BASS. See Chapter # for further details (under construction and will be updated).
Therapists lets you view, create and edit therapist logins in the database. See Chapter # for further details (under construction and will be updated).
Log out simply logs you out of the database and ends your current session.
5.1 The intended structure of a BASS project
Now that we’ve familiarized ourselves with the main menu and its options, let’s take a moment and look at the internal structure of BASS, and how it’s set up. As you’ve surely gathered by now, the foundation of BASS is the database. This is the foundational level upon with all other layers are applied. The next level is the project. You can have just one project in your database, or you can have several. Participants are placed in to projects, but may be moved from one project to another if necessary. Each project in your database will have its own registration URL, its own login URL, as well the option to use its own privacy notice. The next level in this structure is groups. They can be used to group participants within a project. This enables you do administer different sets of assessments to different groups of participants, for example. It also lets you use groups as a sorting tool in your reports. An important note is that instruments and treatments are stored at the database level, meaning they are accessible from all projects within the database. Assessments, however, are stored at the project level and are as such not shared between projects. And to clarify: participants and groups are also not shared between projects.
5.1.1 Setting up your project
Now, how do I set up my project? And what do I need to get started? You can get started without setting up a project, and start by building instruments and treatments. However, it’s recommended that you get into the habit of setting up your project prior to doing much else within your database. Doing so helps you stay oriented. To set up your project, simply navigate to Projects and click Create new project, type a name into the box and click Save. Your new project will then be shown in a table just above the name box.
5.1.2 Groups
If you want to use groups in your project, for example to administer different cohorts, navigate to Participants, and to the tab labeled Groups. To create a group, simply type the name into the text box and click Save. If you want to edit this name later on, you can easily do so by editing the name directly in its box and click Save again. If you haven’t decided whether you need groups or not, you can hold off on creating groups for now. If you know you won’t need groups, you can simply forgo creating any groups.


Improve this Doc
_For more in depth information on Menus, see the [Menu API reference](../api/components/menu/Menu)._
Menu is a side-menu navigation that can be dragged out or toggled to show. Menu supports two display styles currently: overlay, and reveal. Overlay is the tradtional Android drawer style, and Reveal is the traditional iOS style. By default, Menu will adjust to the correct style for the platform.
Along with [Tabs](#tabs), Menus are a common way to navigate through an app if you have several "root" or "top-level" pages. For the basics of navigating through an Ionic app, see the [Navigation section](#navigation).
For situations where using Tabs might not be desirable, for example if you have a large number of root pages (making a TabBar impractical), a menu might be a better solution.
Menus also allow you to return to root pages at any point. This can be helpful if you have particularly deep navigation by allowing you to return to the top level of your app quickly.
However, because Menus are not always and immediately visible on screen, they require more work for the user than Tabs. Make sure to weigh your priorities when designing the navigational structure of your app.
To use a Menu add an [``](../api/components/menu/Menu/) to your markup next to your root [``](../api/components/nav/Nav/).
Basic Usage
Demo Source
```typescript
@App({
template: `
Pages`
})
class MyApp {}
```
The ``s bound `[content]` property gets a [reference](https://angular.io/docs/ts/latest/guide/user-input.html#local-variables) to the `` in order to listen for drag events on the main content so it knows when to open/close.
Then in our [@App](../api/config/App/) component we have two buttons with click handlers that navigate to a new root page:
```typescript
import {LoginPage} from 'login';
import {SignupPage} from 'signup';
@App({
...
})
class MyApp {
constructor(ionicApp: IonicApp) {
this.app = ionicApp;
this.loginPage = LoginPage;
this.signupPage = SignupPage;
}
openPage(page) {
// close the menu when clicking a link from the menu
this.app.getComponent('menu').close();
// Reset the nav controller to have just this page
// we wouldn't want the back button to show in this scenario
let nav = this.app.getComponent('nav');
nav.setRoot(page);
}
}
```
We inject the [`IonicApp`](../api/components/app/IonicApp/) service so we can use Ionic's [id system](../api/components/app/IdRef) to get references to the menu and the nav controller. We then use the NavController's [`setRoot`](../api/components/nav/NavController/#setRoot) function to clear the navigation stack and set the selected page as the new navigation root.
Menus can be a little more complicated, but they allow for many different configuration options. For example, the Google Maps app uses a drawer style Menu that exposes a list of items that open [Modals](#modals) over the main map content area and toggle settings on and off.
For more information on Menus, check out the [Menu API reference](../api/components/menu/Menu/).


What happens during the process?
We use a cutting edge Deep Learning Architecture called
CycleGAN which helps us in converting MRI Scans to CT Scans.
The CycleGAN is a technique that involves the automatic training
of image-to-image translation models without paired examples.
The models are trained in an unsupervised manner using a collection of images from the source and target domain that do not need to be related in any way.
This simple technique is powerful, achieving visually
impressive results on a range of application domains,
most notably translating photographs of horses to zebra,
and the reverse.
Too Complex? We'll break it down for you!
Look at this image. It is a simple translation of what CycleGAN is capable of doing. Quite Powerful Right?
All this is Great, but how can this model apply to MRI CT Conversions?
The MRI -> CT conversion requires training the model with tons of Images of MRIs and CTs.
We made a dataset of tons of such images and put the model to task!
What's training tho?
In order to learn something, we need to write it a few times, read it again and again to get it fixed in our mind.
Similary Deep Learing Models go through training where they are shown with various representations of images
and asked to find a way themselves. Pretty Cool Right?
How do we trust it?
Here are some test results that we ran, which shows how good is the model


Hey! How are you all? It had been a while since last post. Today we will go through an intro to the Firebase with JavaScript and jQuery. Here we will cover Firebase and its working with basic JavaScript and jQuery. And in the meanwhile we will create a basic contact store app using these.
Firebase?
Firebase, now part of Google, is a Cloud Services Provider for Backend as a Service. They provide realtime database for the App Development on the various platforms through APIs.
Why do we need Firebase or Similar System?
You might have gone through the time consuming task of getting a database ready and then synchronizing data on the application for all users. And if the application is spanning to multiple platforms along with multiple user, I can assume a lot of time spent in preparing the Realtime and Synchronous state of the system.
So if you have a online DBMS, it will save you from setup and getting started time.
And if you have realtime communication API, it will save you from the effort to figure out an architecture and system design to do the same.
Now if these above two thing are available in one, what else do we need?
Within no time you can make a Good Logical Thoughtful Idea to an Awesome working Idea.
And for a plus, if that DBMS already provides you the very common authentication schemes, Icing on the Cake. Within a small development time your Awesome Idea became an WOW! What an Idea!.
So enough with the praises; lets come to “Getting Started with Firebase” thing.
First you need to signup at Firebase. For this you can go to https://www.firebase.com/signup/ directly and finish the signup.
As soon as you sign up, it will take you to its account dashboard and provide you a readymade ‘My First App’ Database. Either you use this readymade one or you can creat a new one.
To create new one you need to input the Application name and the App URL. This app url will be used later to connect to the database. I will suggest to figureout some Good name and a unique App URL for ease rememberence. This will save you from logging in to Firebase site very frequently to check the App URL.
Now we have an app URL, we can develop our app at our end and exploit the API to save and read the data. So as per the type of platform of your application, you can choose a lib of Firebase. And if there is no lib available for your favourite platform, Firebase provides REST API, so that it goes smoothly.
Here will go ahead with the Web Platform and Firebase JavaScript library.
Lets have a sample app to go through the tutorial. Contact Manager application will be good.
So firstly we will need to include the Firebase JS lib in out page, which can be done by putting thins line in our page. This fill fetch the Firebase JS Lib from CDN.
Yes! Now the database is available to use in code. But before proceeding, you should have a little idea about JSON as the data is stored in the JSON format. So planning a data format is necessary. So lets use the following format for our DB:
contactdb : { contacts: [ { contactId: { name: 'Time to Hack', email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>location: { city: 'Internet', //can be Mumbai state: 'Active Connection', //can be Maharashtar zip: 000000 //can be 122001 } } } ] }
As from above format it is clear that out db has child array contacts
. This array will hold the contact objects as a key value pair of contactId
and contactObject
. contactId
is a hash generated by Firebase. Hashed are used to prevent the concurrent access and overlapped data writing.
Actual object may look like this:
{ "contacts" : { "-Jl4Y4ek1Gpb1dLW9R8o" : { "email"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"location" : { "city" : "Gurgaon", "state" : "Haryana", "zip" : "122001" }, "name" : "Pankaj Patel" }, "-Jl9cQXgm_6YkdC1xgCK" : { "email"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"location" : { "city" : "Gurgaon", "state" : "Haryana", "zip" : "122001" }, "name" : "Pankaj Patel" } } }
Lets come back to the app design. For the basic things we must be able to add and view data.
Firstly we will see how to add data. As we have already created the reference to our db; we can now create a reference to the child array contacts
by the child()
method. To get the new ref of child, following is the code:
var dbRef = new Firebase('https://contactdb.firebaseio.com/'); var contactsRef = dbRef.child('contacts');
Now as we have the reference to the child array contacts
; we can push (as the object is an array) the contact object to add into this array by following code:
var dbRef = new Firebase('https://contactdb.firebaseio.com/'); var contactsRef = dbRef.child('contacts'); contactsRef .push({ name: 'Time to Hack', email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>location: { city: 'The Internet', state: 'The Internet', zip: '<IP_ADDRESS>' } })
And the contact gets added to the Firebase App. Now there is a trigger to an event of child_added
which will get the newly added child.
As we are working with the collection
contacts
we are having eventschild_added
,child_removed
andchild_changed
.child_moved
event is also there but available only when working with the ordered data.
When not working with a collection,
value
event can be used for addition and changes in the data
For viewing or reading of all contacts, following code can be used. But to loop over the contacts collection we need to work with the Firebase collection iterator forEach
. Following code will demonstarte this:
contactsRef.on("child_added", function(snap) { console.log(snap.val()) snap.forEach(function(childSnapshot) { var key = childSnapshot.key(); var childData = childSnapshot.val(); }); });
So with above code we completed the C(Create) and R(Read) of the CRUD operations of our application.
Now for U(Update) and D(Delete) we can use .set()
and .remove()
methods. While updating data, we would need to travarse to particular key child object anf then use set method, the set method accepts new updated object to be set as new value. And after travarsal if you wanna delete that node/key, you can use the .remove()
. Following is the example code for adding, updating and then removing a rogue/improper value.
contactsRef .push({ "email"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"location" : { "city" : "Gurgaon", "state" : "Haryana", "zip" : "122001" }, "name" : "Pankaj Patel" }) contactsRef.on("child_added", function(snap) { //set the new value contactsRef.child(snap.key()).set({ "email"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"location" : { "city" : "Mumbai", "state" : "Maharashtra", "zip" : "452001" }, "name" : "Pankaj" }); //delete the object after 10 seconds setTimeout(function () { contactsRef.child(snap.key()).remove(); }, 10*1000 ); });
So till now we went through all CRUD operations with our Firebase Data. Let’s put all bricks together to shape our contacts store application. To build a quick and easy UI, we are using Twitter Bootstrap here. You can also go through the Getting Started article of Twitter Bootstrap at Time to Hack. Following is the HTML for Form to add contact data and List of Contacts:
And the script that will have all functionality of our app is as follows:
And following script is same as above, but has jQuery code instead of plain JavaScript:
In this app, we would not go ahead with the update and delete functionality. You may give it a try and tell us about it in the comments. For the demo of the app and download of source code, you may follow following links. Happy Coding…!!!


Reaction¶
-
class
CRUMPET.
Reaction
(database, coeffs, typ, data, bg, species, isotope='H', mass=1, Tarr=0)¶ Bases:
object
Class containing reaction data
This class contains data pertaining to a single defined reaction, such as energy transfer rates, reactants, products, and reaction rates.
…
-
name
¶ reaction handle/ID
- Type
string
-
database
¶ database where reaction rates are defined
- Type
string
-
rate
(Te, Ti, ne=None, E=None, omegaj=1)¶ returns the temperature- and density-dependent reaction rate coefficients Te : float
electron temperature in eV
- Tifloat
ion temperature in eV
- nefloat, optional (default: None)
electron temperature in m**-3, only used for type=’UE’
- Efloat, optional (default: None)
molecular energy in eV, only used for type=’RATE’
- omegajfloat, optional (default: 1)
statistical weight for ADAS reaction rates
- Type
function
-
type
¶ identifier for the kind of reaction being defined: ‘RATE’ : EIRENE-type interpolation in one or two dimensions,
depending on the shape of coeffs
‘COEFFICIENT’ : Spontaneous transition rate, s**-1 ‘ADAS’ : ADAS-type interpolation ‘SIGMA’ : Sawada 1995-type cross-section fit ‘APID’ : APID-type ionization rate ‘UE’ : UEDGE-type interpolation
- Type
string
-
reactants
¶ a list of the reactant species handles
- Type
list of strings
-
fragments
¶ a list of the fragment species handles
- Type
list of strings
-
Vp
¶ the total potential of the products
- Type
float
-
Vr
¶ the total potential of the reactants
- Type
float
-
K
¶ the kinetic energy transferred to the procucts in the reaction: if a species is born in the reaction, they are assigned the local temperature of that species, which is evaluated upon calls to getS
- Type
float/string
-
Kdep
¶ marker determining wheter K is dependent on the species temperature, i.e. whether a new species is born
- Type
boolean
-
S_V
(*args)¶ Returns the change in potential for the reaction calculated from the potential of the reactions and products
- Type
function
-
S_e
(Te, *args)¶ Returns the electron energy increase for the reaction. Only relevant for ionization reactions. Te is the electron temperature in eV
- Type
function
-
S_g
(*args)¶ Returns the gamma energy for the reaction calculated from the potential difference between the reactants and products. Only nonzero if the reaction is radiative decay
- Type
function
-
S_r
(Te, Ti, Tm)¶ Returns the background reactant energy loss, calculated from the net energy balance
- Type
function
-
Smat
¶ Smat has len=8 along axis=0 and len=2 along axis=1. The first 4 entries along axis=0 are: reactant energy loss, potential energy change, radiated energy in atomic lines, and radiated energy in molecular lines, all for electron-impact processes. The next 4 entries are the corresponding energy terms but for proton-impact processes. The first entries along axis=1 are the internal terms and the second due to external sinks and sources (currently 0)
- Type
2D list
-
Tarr
¶ A vector containing the electron temperature points of ADAS fits only relevant for ADAS rates, otherwise not used
- Type
ndarray
-
absorption
¶ marker determining if the reaction is an electron-absorption reaction
- Type
boolean
-
coeffs
¶ the reaction rate coefficients. The shape and values depend on the type of reaction. Used by rate() to calculate the reaction rates
- Type
ndarray
-
decay
¶ marker whether the reaction is non-radiative decay, e.g. decay from an unstable state into dissociation products
- Type
boolean
-
radrelax
¶ marker whether the reaction is radiative relaxation
- Type
boolean
-
prode
¶ marker whether an electron is created in the reaction, i.e. the reaction does not conserve electron energy
- Type
boolean
-
e
¶ marker whether the reaction is an electron-impact reaction or not
- Type
boolean
-
p
¶ marker whether the reaction is and proton-impact reaction or not
- Type
boolean
-
f_mult
¶ list of fragment mutipliers, same length as fragments
- Type
int
-
r_mult
¶ list of product mutipliers, same length as products
- Type
int
Methods Summary
ADAS_rate
(Te, Ti[, omegaj])Function returning the ADAS rate for T
APID_rate
(Te, Ti, **kwargs)Function returning the APID rate for T
EIR_rate
(Te, Ti[, E])Function returning the EIRENE rate for T
SAWADASIGMA_rate
(Te, Ti, **kwargs)Function returning the Sawada-Sigma rate for T
UE_rate
(Te, *args[, E, ne])Function returning the UEDGE rate for T and n
coeff_rate
(*args, **kwargs)depSe
(Te, *args)Electron energy gain
depSr
([Te, Ti, Tm])Temperature-dependent reactant sink
depdecaySr
([Te, Ti, Tm])Temperature-dependent fragmentation
fSV
(*args)Potential difference
fSg
(*args)Gamma energy
getS
(Te, Ti, Tm, E)Evaluates Smat at given Te, Ti, Tm, and E
indepSr
(*args)Temperautre-independent reactant sink
indepdecaySr
(*args)Temperature-independent fragmentation
parseS
(data, bg, species, database, isotope)Derives the reaction information
Initialization of the rate attribute
print_reaction
(database, name)Returns formatted a string with the reaction
ret0
(*args)Zero-function
Methods Documentation
-
ADAS_rate
(Te, Ti, omegaj=1, **kwargs)¶ Function returning the ADAS rate for T
-
APID_rate
(Te, Ti, **kwargs)¶ Function returning the APID rate for T
-
EIR_rate
(Te, Ti, E=None, **kwargs)¶ Function returning the EIRENE rate for T
-
SAWADASIGMA_rate
(Te, Ti, **kwargs)¶ Function returning the Sawada-Sigma rate for T
-
UE_rate
(Te, *args, E=None, ne=None, **kwargs)¶ Function returning the UEDGE rate for T and n
-
coeff_rate
(*args, **kwargs)¶
-
depSe
(Te, *args)¶ Electron energy gain
-
depSr
(Te=0, Ti=0, Tm=0)¶ Temperature-dependent reactant sink
-
depdecaySr
(Te=0, Ti=0, Tm=0)¶ Temperature-dependent fragmentation
-
fSV
(*args)¶ Potential difference
-
fSg
(*args)¶ Gamma energy
-
getS
(Te, Ti, Tm, E)¶ Evaluates Smat at given Te, Ti, Tm, and E
- Parameters
Te (float) – electron temperature in eV
Ti (float) – ion temperature in eV
Tm (float) – molecular temperature in eV
E (float) – assumed molecular rest energy in eV
- Returns
Evaluated ndarray of Smat
- Return type
ndarray
-
indepSr
(*args)¶ Temperautre-independent reactant sink
-
indepdecaySr
(*args)¶ Temperature-independent fragmentation
-
parseS
(data, bg, species, database, isotope)¶ Derives the reaction information
Assigns the majority of the object attributes, including the energy sinks/sources for the different components
- Parameters
r (list of strings) – reactant handles
p (list of strings) – fragment handles
K (string) – string of kinetic energy information
bg (dict) – Crm.bg, dict of background species and potentials
species (dict) – Crm.species, dict of CRM species and potentials
- Returns
- Return type
None
-
pick_rate
()¶ Initialization of the rate attribute
-
print_reaction
(database, name)¶ Returns formatted a string with the reaction
-
ret0
(*args)¶ Zero-function
-
__init__
(database, coeffs, typ, data, bg, species, isotope='H', mass=1, Tarr=0)¶ - Parameters
name (string) – reaction handle/ID
database (string) – database where reaction rates are defined
coeffs (ndarray) – the reaction rate coefficients. The shape and values depend on the type of reaction. Used by rate() to calculate the reaction rates
type (string) –
identifier for the kind of reaction being defined: ‘RATE’ : EIRENE-type interpolation in one or two dimensions,
depending on the shape of coeffs
’COEFFICIENT’ : Spontaneous transition rate, s**-1 ‘ADAS’ : ADAS-type interpolation ‘SIGMA’ : Sawada 1995-type cross-section fit ‘APID’ : APID-type ionization rate ‘UE’ : UEDGE-type interpolation
S (dict) –
dict containing the reaction information, requiring the following keys: ‘reactants’ : list of strings
reactant handles
- ’fragments’list of strings
fragment handles
- ’K’string
string of kinetic energy information
bg (dict) – Crm.bg, dict of background species and potentials
species (dict) – Crm.species, dict of CRM species and potentials
Tarr (list, optional (default: 0)) – Array of ADAS temperature point. Only used when typ=ADAS
isotope (string) – The handle for the isotope being used. Used to identify atomic and molecular species
mass (float) – The isotope mass in AMU, used for calculations in Crm
-
parseS
(data, bg, species, database, isotope)¶ Derives the reaction information
Assigns the majority of the object attributes, including the energy sinks/sources for the different components
- Parameters
r (list of strings) – reactant handles
p (list of strings) – fragment handles
K (string) – string of kinetic energy information
bg (dict) – Crm.bg, dict of background species and potentials
species (dict) – Crm.species, dict of CRM species and potentials
- Returns
- Return type
None
-
getS
(Te, Ti, Tm, E)¶ Evaluates Smat at given Te, Ti, Tm, and E
- Parameters
Te (float) – electron temperature in eV
Ti (float) – ion temperature in eV
Tm (float) – molecular temperature in eV
E (float) – assumed molecular rest energy in eV
- Returns
Evaluated ndarray of Smat
- Return type
ndarray
-
ret0
(*args)¶ Zero-function
-
fSV
(*args)¶ Potential difference
-
fSg
(*args)¶ Gamma energy
-
depSr
(Te=0, Ti=0, Tm=0)¶ Temperature-dependent reactant sink
-
indepSr
(*args)¶ Temperautre-independent reactant sink
-
depdecaySr
(Te=0, Ti=0, Tm=0)¶ Temperature-dependent fragmentation
-
indepdecaySr
(*args)¶ Temperature-independent fragmentation
-
depSe
(Te, *args)¶ Electron energy gain
-
print_reaction
(database, name)¶ Returns formatted a string with the reaction
-
pick_rate
()¶ Initialization of the rate attribute
-
ADAS_rate
(Te, Ti, omegaj=1, **kwargs)¶ Function returning the ADAS rate for T
-
EIR_rate
(Te, Ti, E=None, **kwargs)¶ Function returning the EIRENE rate for T
-
coeff_rate
(*args, **kwargs)¶
-
UE_rate
(Te, *args, E=None, ne=None, **kwargs)¶ Function returning the UEDGE rate for T and n
-
SAWADASIGMA_rate
(Te, Ti, **kwargs)¶ Function returning the Sawada-Sigma rate for T
-
APID_rate
(Te, Ti, **kwargs)¶ Function returning the APID rate for T
-


I come to you today to tell the story of my experience with a bad combination: prozak and shrooms. It has been several months since that the time of my experience, and I'v needed that time to forget and move on. Now i will remember it to warn others.
It started with a peacefull friday night in March. The storm clouds were out and lightning was brewing. My best friend T had just come over and another friend M was soon to follow later. I had decided that I was going to injest around 2g of the dried godfood with about 1000 mg of Vitamin C because they say it increases the effect. I take no daily medication except for Ginkoba and Cannibas.
I crushed up my 2g to a fine powder and put in a pennut butter and jelly sandwhich. Suddenly I remebered hearing that IMOI's also add to the effect, so I dug up a bottle of Prozak i had around from years ago when I took one 20mg pill.
[Erowid Note: Prozac (fluoxetine) is not an MAOI and is not well known to potentiate the acute effects of psilocybin mushrooms.]
I injested all of these at around the same time, we'll say 10:00pm. T and I go and sit on my front lawn for awhile and wait for M to come over. Both T and M have very cool and relaxing personalities. by this time I can already start to feel some kind of effect, a find of phasing of some sort. This was only my second time taking shrooms (with an extreamly positive first experience) so I'm not sure if the inital effect was from the shrooms or prozak. I felt a little off balence and generally zoned after about 45 minuets. M arrived and as we sat on my lawn watching the lightning flash, the strangeness continued. I decided that maybe a little more enhancing was inorder and smoked a bowl of some decent med. grade cannabis. by this time I was defintly haveing trouble standing and concentrating. I could feel the shrooms.
At about 11:00 my vision started to turn into a kind of sucking effect where the outline of the shapes I was seeing was bubbling towards me, being sucked towards me like a ballon being blown in my direction. I also remember a distinct red color in my vision by this time. I could not communicate very well, or at least understand a conversation. We decided to go inside and get a CD player outside to listen. M and T were sober that night by the way.
While I went upstairs to my room to find a boombox, i kinda got distracted with a video game. But the visuals I had gotten outside had all but vanished when I came inside. When T came up to investigate what was taking me so long, I told him i forgot what i was spose to do, so he found the stero and left me alone. By this time, I'd say 11:30 I was starting to lose track of time.
I believe next i went to my room and got my cd player and listened to it. But I did not feel good for some reason, mentally or physically.  I went outside to vomit. This is when my mind started to unravel. Its almost impossible to explain, but when i tried to vomit, i couldn't remember how, though i knew to try and stick my finger down my throat, this was also physically impossible. So there i lay, stuck because i was in pain.
This is the point where I lost it.
11:00. I am in a kind of time loop, stuck with my stomach pains and this giant explosion of thoughts happening, SCREAMING, in my mind all at once. I tried to cry for help, cry for T my best bud. Where was he? I tried to get up, but my reasoning gone. images of my childhood to me death all being forced into my mind at once. images so horrible I cannot speak of if i tried. I do not know where they came from, they must have come from the pain in my stomach itself, a mental reaction that I was now living inside my mind.
Eventually both of the men came outside looking for me around 12:00am, and calmly explained that I was trying to vomit unsuccessfully. I was talking noramlly to them but i dont remember anything i said to them after that. We went inside to listen to some old Johny Cash M had brought, good stuff. But the pain was too much again. For some reason i just could not explain what was happening to the others. I decided, or SOMEONE decided to go to the bathroom and try to vomit again. I closed and locked the door in the dark.
 Ever imagined what its like to be alone, SO ALONE, traped in your mind with every sight and sound and image and thought and emotion SCREAMING in your mind, almost compacting itself and exploding into one idea and sensation that destroys reality. I was sweating alot so I striped to my boxers to feel more comfortable lying there on the bathroom floor staring up into nothingness. I remember spitting and rolling around alot, licking the floor and my fingers like an infant. i don't know why. I was also thinking alot and saying out lound how was gona get through this and move on. It was making up Johny Cash songs. It was rambling on and on about nothing and everything. It was like my mind and my body were seperated by a delayed reaction in time.
At around 2:00am someone asked me if I was okay because I was making alot of noise. I babbled something to them and stumbled up stairs to my room.  Much of what went on in the batthroom continued, only I was much more frightened now because I could keep track of time, which was crawling. I didn't nod off until about 6:00am, and then i only got about an hour or so of 'sleep' until i woke again from nightmares. I cried the next morning to my mother, who understood and comforted me.
I was FUCKED for about a week mentally over that.
 Thank you for listening and be safe.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


{% extends "base.html" %} {% load i18n %} {% block title %}{{ title }}{% endblock %} {% block content_title %}
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About Me
Hello! My name is Ethan Gruenemeier and I am a current coding student learning HTML, CSS, and Javascript. I currently live in Peoria Arizona and attend Liberty High School along with West-Mec. I was born in Arizona and have always lived here. I live with my parents, my older sister, and my younger brother. I have always had an immense passion for coding and I hope to one day get a job in the software development field. Since I was 12 years old I have been messing around coding and programming. The very first project I attempted was an app that I made in MIT app inventor.
Relevant Coursework:
Computer Programming, Game Design, Marketing, Business Foundations, Spanish I/II, Honors College Algebra, and Honors Brief-Calculus
Education:
Liberty High School
Peoria, AZ Expected Grad Date: May 2020
GPA: 3.8
West-Mec Coding
Glendale, AZ Expected Grad Date: May 2020
GPA: 4.0


Current members of the CGI Council Zhang Minghua (China, co-Secretary General); Kombada Mhopjeni (Namibia, co-Secretary General); François Robida (France, Chair); Ollie Raymond (Australia, Treasurer); Jouni Vuollo (Finland, Chair ERML Working Group); Mark Rattenbury (New Zealand, Chair Geoscience Terminology Working Group); Harvey Thorleifson (USA); Kazu Miyazaki (Japan). Click on a name for a profile of the council member


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block title %}{{ block.super }}: Overview{% endblock %} {% block progress %}{% include "partials/dashnav.html" with active_page=active_page %}{% endblock %} {% block content %}
Now that you have reviewed and printed all of your forms, you’ll need to get your affidavits sworn / affirmed (?).
{% elif how_to_file == 'Online' %}You must have a Court Filing Number in order to proceed with swearing / affirming (?) your affidavits. If you do not have a Court Filing Number (?) return to the Wait for Court Filing Number step.
{% else %}You must select whether you are filing online or in-person in the Signing and Filing Options step.
{% endif %}You’ll need to have printed copies of the following form(s) with you for swearing / affirming (?):
You and your spouse will swear / affirm (?) together in a virtual session (?) with the court registry:
The process for a virtual session is as follows:
Once you have filed your documentation (see next step), a member of the court registry will be in touch soon to book your virtual session.
You and your spouse will swear / affirm (?) in a virtual session (?) separately with the court registry:
The process for a virtual session is as follows:
Once you have filed your documentation (see next step), a member of the court registry will be in touch soon to book your virtual session.
You and your spouse will swear / affirm (?) together with a commissioner (?):
Prepare for your swearing by ensuring you:
If you are planning to sign / swear at the court registry then additionally you should:
If you are planning to sign / swear with lawyer, notary or other commissioner please contact them directly.
You and your spouse will swear / affirm (?) separately with a commissioner (?):
Prepare for your swearing by ensuring you:
If you are planning to sign / swear at the court registry then additionally you should:
If you are planning to sign / swear with lawyer, notary or other commissioner please contact them directly.
You will swear / affirm (?) in a virtual session (?) with the court registry:
The process for a virtual session is as follows:
Once you have filed your documentation (see next step), a member of the court registry will be in touch soon to book your virtual session.
Your spouse will swear / affirm (?) with a commissioner (?):
Have your spouse prepare for their swearing by ensuring they:
If they are planning to sign / swear at the court registry then additionally they should:
If they are planning to sign / swear with lawyer, notary or other commissioner please contact them directly.
You will swear / affirm (?) with a commissioner (?):
Prepare for your swearing by ensuring you:
If you are planning to sign / swear at the court registry then additionally you should:
If they are planning to sign / swear with lawyer, notary or other commissioner please contact them directly.
Your spouse will swear / affirm (?) in a virtual session (?) with the court registry:
The process for a virtual session is as follows:
Once you have filed your initial documentation (see next step), a member of the court registry will be in touch soon to book your spouse’s virtual session.


--- title: Home layout: default ---
Button is currently only supported on Linux, but there are plans to also support OS X and Windows soonish.
There is no need to exhaustively list dependencies (such as C++ header files). Dependencies for any language can be determined automatically.
Outputs removed from the build are automatically removed from disk. Changes are determined by file contents, not just by timestamps. Combined with implicit dependency detection, correct incremental builds can be ensured.
Any build task can also be a build system. This simple feature is incredibly powerful. As part of the build, you can generate your build description with, say, a high-level scripting language like Lua.
Dependencies can be watched to automatically trigger a build when they change. This can help speed up the edit-compile-test development cycle.
A graph of the task graph can be displayed. This helps give you an immediate and intuitive understanding of the structure of your build.
This is not a language-specific build system. While there are convenient abstractions for building common languages, there are no restrictions on building projects not covered by those abstractions.


List of Routines By Functionality | MISR Toolkit: Main Page
-Abstract MTK_TIMERANGE_TO_ORBITLIST returns a list of orbits given a period of time. -Copyright Copyright (2005), California Institute of Technology. U.S. Government sponsorship acknowledged. -I/O Given: start_time beginning time end_time ending time the call: status = MTK_TIMERANGE_TO_ORBITLIST( start_time, end_time, orbit_cnt, orbit_list ) returns: status 0 on success; otherwise failure orbit_cnt number of orbits returned orbit_list array of returned orbits -Examples ;; ;; Set up input parameters ;; start_time = '2005-02-02T02:00:00Z' ;YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssZ end_time = '2005-02-02T03:00:00Z' ;YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssZ status = MTK_TIMERANGE_TO_ORBITLIST( start_time, end_time, orbit_cnt, orbit_list ) ;; ;; Output... ;; print, 'start time : ', start_time print, 'end time : ', end_time print, '=================================================' print, '--- ORBIT LIST ---' FOR i=0,orbit_cnt-1 DO PRINT, orbit_list[i] IDL outputs: start time : 2005-02-02T02:00:00Z end time : 2005-02-02T03:00:00Z ================================================= --- ORBIT LIST --- 27271 27272 -Particulars None. -Required Reading For important details concerning this module's function, please refer to the MTK routine MtkTimeRangeToOrbitList.c. -Version -IDL-MTK Version 1.2.0


void AFclose(AFILE *AFp)
Close an audio file
This routine closes an audio file opened with AFopnRead or AFopnWrite. If the file was opened for write, the file header is updated with the number of samples in the file. For both read and write operations, the audio file parameter structure associated with the file pointer is deallocated and the file is closed.
If the file was opened for write, the number of overloads detected during write operations is reported.
P. Kabal / Revision 1.58 2020-11-26


NVIDIA GeForce RTX2080Ti runs Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order with 44-65fps in 4K/Epic Settings
by John PapadopoulosElectronic Arts has just released Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order on the PC. As usual, and prior to our PC Performance Analysis, we’ve decided to capture some 4K screenshots on Max/Epic settings. Furthermore, we’ll be sharing below our initial 4K performance impressions of it.
In order to capture these screenshots, we used an Intel i9 9900K with 16GB of DDR4 at 3600Mhz. We’ve paired this machine with an NVIDIA RTX 2080Ti, and we also used Windows 10 64-bit and the GeForce 441.20 driver.
As we can see, NVIDIA’s most powerful gaming GPU can run the game with 44-65fps. The game was running most of the time between 52-58fps, which is a perfect framerate for those using a G-Sync monitor. However, there were some dips to mid 40s, especially during cut-scenes.
Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order only uses DX11 and, unfortunately, suffers from some annoying stuttering issues. According to reports, the first planet is more demanding than the intro level. Therefore, that will be the area that we’ll be benchmarking. We’ll talk more about the game’s performance on our upcoming PC performance analysis so stay tuned for more!


Dave leads development of Mapzen's open source routing and navigation software. Rides a variety of 2 wheel vehicles.
Duane is a software engineer @mapzen specializing in quality route guidance and real-world route analysis.
Kristen works on routing & elevation. Does javascript for our open source Routing Test Tool to test out the latest functionality.


Interested in joining BSEU?
BSEU, an acronym for Best Students Every Universe.
What is BSEU?:
- Was formed by a group of students in Limkokwing University
- BSEU members strives to achieve outstanding scores in their courses
- BSEU members wanted to be distinctive in a good way among other students
- Only a selected exceptional students can join BSEU
- BSEU members tend to be trustworthy and reliable in performing accepted given tasks
- Because a group of people is better than a single individual
So join now and become a part of the greatest!
BSEU members are required to have a varsity jacket Template below:
Don't have a jacket yet? Order below!
|


Reynolds
Path: CARNOT/misc
Purpose
To find the Reynolds number in a pipe.
Description
Calculates the Reynolds number in a pipe according to the
Inputs:
For more information of the fluid types see above definition
Characteristics
Direct Feedthrough Yes
Sample
time
Inherited
from driving block
Vectorized
No


Spartan Gym & Fitness SERVED
- 1.
Strength ClassesStrength exercises help you tone-up your muscles, shape up your body and improve postures.
- 2.
Steam, Sauna Room & Massagessteam showers in the changing rooms in the fitness center, however steam showers really don't do the trick when one is trying to rinse off a work out. I think the removal of steam and sauna from gym changing rooms - while undesireable - is understandable.
- 3.
Nutrition & Diet CounsellingNutritional counseling is a practice in which a nutritional counselor, typically a registered dietitian or nutritionist, works with a client to assess his or her current dietary habits, food intake, and health needs and determines where changes need to be made.
- 4.
Locker & TowelsAlong with other facilities, free lockers and towels top our priority list because we believe that you deserve optimum security and hygiene along with health. To ensure hygiene, only clean and fresh towels are provided to the members.
- 5.
Cycling ClassesPraesent vestibulum molestie lacus. Aenean nonummy hendrerit mauris. Phasellus porta. Fusce suscipit varius mi. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nulla dui.
- 6.
Cardio ClassesCardio sections are designed to strengthen and fortify the heart. You can enjoy your workout sessions with a tinge of entertainment at our exclusively designed Cardio Theater.
- 7.
Cafeteria ServicePraesent vestibulum molestie lacus. Aenean nonummy hendrerit mauris. Phasellus porta. Fusce suscipit varius mi. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nulla dui.
- 8.
Aerobics and Step ClassesAerobics and step classes is an interesting way to attain great health.These activities not only train the heart, lungs, and the cardio vascular system to process efficiently but also ensure a smooth circulation of oxygen to the entire body.
- 9.
Zumba FitnessPraesent vestibulum molestie lacus. Aenean nonummy hendrerit mauris. Phasellus porta. Fusce suscipit varius mi. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Nulla dui.


Motivation
The Switch
component allows to associate a set of values from a source (called switch source) to a component. When the switch source emits the values associated to a given component, that component is activated (switched on). Components which are not associated to the emitted set of values are deactivated (switched off).
The Switch
component can be viewed as a single-state state machine, whose only event source is the switch source and event guards are the predicates specifying the component matching.
Practically speaking, the Switch
component allows to improve separation of concerns by removing control flow out of some component designs. For instance, supposing we have a component whose behaviour depends on a discretizable parameter, in addition to other parameters, we need to write the logic corresponding to each discrete value in the body of the same function. With Switch
, we can write several components corresponding to the logic for each discrete value separately.
For example, a component might be specified to display a product page when the user is logged in, and otherwise display a login page. This component hence has two behaviors or concerns which are unrelated. The discrete values here can be thought of as LOGGED_IN
, NOT_LOGGED_IN
. With Switch
, we can write a Login
component separately and independently from the Product
component, and let the Switch
component activate the right component.
Note that this makes less sense when the isolated concerns are not independent. For instance, a Product
component which displays a product details page for a given product would not be a good fit for usage of the Switch
component, even if one can discretize products by product ids. The code for displaying a given product id, being the same for any product, using Switch
would lead to code duplication, violating the DRY principle.
API
Switch :: SwitchSettings -> ComponentTree -> SwitchComponent
Description
Creates a switch component whose behaviour is parameterized via SwitchSettings
. Children components are the components to be mapped to incoming values on the switch source.
The parametrization is as follows :
- an array of sink names must be passed to indicate which sinks are to be extracted from the case components. Sinks produced by any child component which are not in the sink names array will be ignored. It is not necessary, for any sink name in that array, for a child component to return a sink of that name.
- the switch source can be specified in two ways :
- the name of the source can be given as a string
- a function can be used to compute the switch source from
sources
andsettings
parameter of the switch component (i.e. the component returned after application of theSwitch
combinator).
The behaviour is as follows :
- for every incoming value of the switch source, all predicates found in children
CaseComponent
s are executed. - The components associated to the fulfilled predicates are switched on
- they receive the triggering value of the switch source as settings, in the property configured in
as
- note that the parent component does not receive such value as it is upper in the hierarchy
- they receive the triggering value of the switch source as settings, in the property configured in
- The other components are switched off
- If there is a incoming value on the switch source such that there is no matching case, then all components are deactivated
- the DOM for the parent component will still be activated, even as there will be no children DOM content
- in the absence of a DOM content for the parent component, then an empty

will be issued. This is necessary to remove the formerly displayed DOM nodes from the DOM.
Types
SwitchComponent :: Component
ComponentTree :: ChildrenComponents | [ParentComponent, ChildrenComponents]
ParentComponent :: Component
ChildrenComponents :: Array<CaseComponent>
CaseComponent :: Component
SwitchSettings :: Record {
sinkNames :: [String]
Mandatoryon :: SwitchOnCondition | SwitchOnSource
Mandatoryas :: String
MandatoryeqFn :: T -> T -> Boolean
Optional}
SwitchOnCondition :: Sources -> Settings -> Source
SwitchOnSource:: SourceName
SourceName :: String
Contracts
- children component MUST be
CaseComponent
, i.e. generated by theCase
combinator - if the switch source is specified by name, then that source name MUST be found as a property of the
sources
parameter
Case:: CaseSettings -> ComponentTree -> CaseComponent
Description
The Case
combinator returns a case component and is to be used solely in combination with the Switch combinator.
It specifies a match between a value of a switch source and a component to be switched on. The match is specified by the property when
in settings. Equality between two values can also be evaluated via a custom function passed in the eqFn
property in settings.
Every case component will receive when executed the property switchedOn
as part of its settings. That property will be the incoming value of the switch source triggering the case component.
All Case
component functions are executed for each incoming value. This means that case component functions will be activated for each matching incoming value.
Types
CaseComponent :: Component
CaseSettings :: Record {
when :: Object
MandatoryeqFn :: T -> T -> Boolean
Optional}
Contracts
- type contracts
Example
Tips
- Note that the switch predicates are evaluated every time there is an incoming value on the switch source. If it is necessary to implement a logic by which the component switching should only trigger on CHANGES of the incoming value, that logic could be implemented with appending a
distinctUntilChanged
to the switch source. - One should strive for having a relatively low number of discretized switch values as there is a performance cost which is linear with the number of such values. As a matter of fact, all predicates matching switched components to their discretized values are executed, for every incoming value of the switch source.
- One can have several fulfilled predicates for a given incoming value of the switch source. This means that several components could be activated for a given incoming value, but different conditions, which allows to implement more complex logic. This is however to use wisely, as the ability to reason about behaviour suffers somewhat. For instance, when several components can be activated for the same incoming value, and order of activation of those component matter, such ordering requirement is essentially hidden as implementation detail in the source code.
- One can also implement a
eqFn
such that aCase
component is activated for a set of values instead of just one value. Alternatively, aon
source can be computed in a way that assign a unique identifier to a given set of values. UsingeqFn
should however be more versatile, as one can specify a differenteqFn
for eachCase
component.


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This report summarizes newer versions that may be available for your project's various plugins.
| # of plugins using the latest version available | 11 | |
| # of plugins where the next version available is smaller than an incremental version update | 1 | |
| # of plugins where the next version available is an incremental version update | 1 | |
| # of plugins where the next version available is a minor version update | 6 | |
| # of plugins where the next version available is a major version update | 7 | |
| # of plugins where a dependencies section containes a dependency with an updated version | 3 |
| Status | Group Id | Artifact Id | Current Version | Next Version | Next Incremental | Next Minor | Next Major | Dependency status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| com.github.spotbugs | spotbugs-maven-plugin | 3.1.3 | <IP_ADDRESS> | 3.1.5 | ||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-antrun-plugin | 1.8 | ||||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-assembly-plugin | 2.6 | 3.0.0 | |||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-compiler-plugin | 3.7.0 | ||||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-dependency-plugin | 2.10 | 3.0.0 | |||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-failsafe-plugin | 2.21.0 | 2.22.0 | |||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-javadoc-plugin | 3.0.1 | ||||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-pmd-plugin | 3.9.0 | 3.10.0 | |||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-project-info-reports-plugin | 2.9 | ||||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-release-plugin | 2.5.3 | ||||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-shade-plugin | 2.4.2 | 2.4.3 | 3.0.0 | ||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-site-plugin | 3.7.1 | ||||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-surefire-plugin | 2.21.0 | 2.22.0 | |||||
| org.codehaus.mojo | build-helper-maven-plugin | 1.10 | 1.11 | 3.0.0 | ||||
| org.eclipse.jetty | jetty-maven-plugin | 9.4.11.v20180605 | ||||||
| org.jacoco | jacoco-maven-plugin | 0.8.1 | ||||||
| Status | Group Id | Artifact Id | Current Version | Next Version | Next Incremental | Next Minor | Next Major | Dependency status |
| Status | Group Id | Artifact Id | Current Version | Next Version | Next Incremental | Next Minor | Next Major | Dependency status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-clean-plugin | 2.5 | 2.6 | 3.0.0 | ||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-deploy-plugin | 2.8.2 | ||||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-enforcer-plugin | 1.4.1 | 3.0.0-M1 | |||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-idea-plugin | 2.2.1 | ||||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-install-plugin | 2.4 | 2.5 | |||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-jar-plugin | 2.6 | 3.0.0 | |||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-resources-plugin | 2.7 | 3.0.0 | |||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-source-plugin | 2.4 | 3.0.0 | |||||
| org.apache.maven.plugins | maven-war-plugin | 2.6 | 3.0.0 | |||||
| org.codehaus.mojo | buildnumber-maven-plugin | 1.4 | ||||||
| Status | Group Id | Artifact Id | Current Version | Next Version | Next Incremental | Next Minor | Next Major | Dependency status |
| Status | There is at least one newer version available. |
|---|---|
| Group Id | com.github.spotbugs |
| Artifact Id | spotbugs-maven-plugin |
| Current Version | 3.1.3 |
| Newer versions | <IP_ADDRESS> Next Version 3.1.5 Next Incremental |
| Status | Group Id | Artifact Id | Current Version | Classifier | Type | Next Version | Next Incremental | Next Minor | Next Major |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| com.github.spotbugs | spotbugs | 3.1.3 | jar | 3.1.4 | |||||
| Status | Group Id | Artifact Id | Current Version | Classifier | Type | Next Version | Next Incremental | Next Minor | Next Major |
| Status | There is at least one newer incremental version available. Incremental updates are typically passive. |
|---|---|
| Group Id | com.github.spotbugs |
| Artifact Id | spotbugs |
| Current Version | 3.1.3 |
| Classifier | |
| Type | jar |
| Newer versions | 3.1.4 Next Incremental 3.1.5 Latest Incremental |
| Status | No newer versions available. |
|---|---|
| Group Id | org.apache.maven.plugins |
| Artifact Id | maven-antrun-plugin |
| Current Version | 1.8 |
| Status | There is at least one newer major version available. Major updates are rarely passive. |
|---|---|
| Group Id | org.apache.maven.plugins |
| Artifact Id | maven-assembly-plugin |
| Current Version | 2.6 |
| Newer versions | 3.0.0 Next Major 3.1.0 Latest Major |
| Status | There is at least one newer minor version available. Minor updates are sometimes passive. |
|---|---|
| Group Id | org.apache.maven.plugins |
| Artifact Id | maven-clean-plugin |
| Current Version | 2.5 |
| Newer versions | 2.6 Next Minor 2.6.1 Latest Minor 3.0.0 Next Major 3.1.0 Latest Major |
| Status | No newer versions available. |
|---|---|
| Group Id | org.apache.maven.plugins |
| Artifact Id | maven-compiler-plugin |
| Current Version | 3.7.0 |
| Status | There is at least one newer major version available. Major updates are rarely passive. |
|---|---|
| Group Id | org.apache.maven.plugins |
| Artifact Id | maven-dependency-plugin |
| Current Version | 2.10 |
| Newer versions | 3.0.0 Next Major 3.0.1 3.0.2 3.1.0 3.1.1 Latest Major |
| Status | No newer versions available. |
|---|---|
| Group Id | org.apache.maven.plugins |
| Artifact Id | maven-deploy-plugin |
| Current Version | 2.8.2 |
| Status | There is at least one newer major version available. Major updates are rarely passive. |
|---|---|
| Group Id | org.apache.maven.plugins |
| Artifact Id | maven-enforcer-plugin |
| Current Version | 1.4.1 |
| Newer versions | 3.0.0-M1 Next Major 3.0.0-M2 Latest Major |
| Status | There is at least one newer minor version available. Minor updates are sometimes passive. |
|---|---|
| Group Id | org.apache.maven.plugins |
| Artifact Id | maven-failsafe-plugin |
| Current Version | 2.21.0 |
| Newer versions | 2.22.0 Next Minor |
| Status | No newer versions available. |
|---|---|
| Group Id | org.apache.maven.plugins |
| Artifact Id | maven-idea-plugin |
| Current Version | 2.2.1 |
| Status | There is at least one newer minor version available. Minor updates are sometimes passive. |
|---|---|
| Group Id | org.apache.maven.plugins |
| Artifact Id | maven-install-plugin |
| Current Version | 2.4 |
| Newer versions | 2.5 Next Minor 2.5.1 2.5.2 Latest Minor |
| Status | There is at least one newer major version available. Major updates are rarely passive. |
|---|---|
| Group Id | org.apache.maven.plugins |
| Artifact Id | maven-jar-plugin |
| Current Version | 2.6 |
| Newer versions | 3.0.0 Next Major 3.0.1 3.0.2 3.1.0 Latest Major |
| Status | No newer versions available. |
|---|---|
| Group Id | org.apache.maven.plugins |
| Artifact Id | maven-javadoc-plugin |
| Current Version | 3.0.1 |
| Status | There is at least one newer minor version available. Minor updates are sometimes passive. |
|---|---|
| Group Id | org.apache.maven.plugins |
| Artifact Id | maven-pmd-plugin |
| Current Version | 3.9.0 |
| Newer versions | 3.10.0 Next Minor |
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The aim of this thesis is to develop a Full Configuration Interaction Quantum Monte Carlo (FCIQMC) code that can be used to study properties of fermions in infinite systems. The latter can span from the homogenous electron gas in two and three dimensions to infinite nuclear matter present in neutron stars. The formalism to be developed follows the recent work of Alavi and co-workers. The aim is to extend upon the thesis of Karl Leikanger in order to study strongly interacting systems like infinite nuclear matter. If successful, the FCIQMC method has the potential to provide almost-exact solutions for ground state properties of strongly interacting many-particle systems.
The homogeneous electron gas in two and three dimensions and bulk nucleonic matter are interesting for several reasons. The equation of state (EoS) of neutron matter determines for example properties of supernova explosions and of neutron stars. The determination and our understanding of the EoS for nuclear matter is intimately linked with our capability to solve the nuclear many-body problem. Here, correlations beyond the mean field play an important role. Theoretical studies of nuclear matter and the pertinent EoS span back to the very early days of nuclear many-body physics. Early computations are nicely described in the 1967 review by Day. In these calculations, mainly particle-particle correlations were summed to infinite order. Other correlations were often included in a perturbative way. Coupled cluster calculations of nuclear matter were performed already during the late 1970s and early. In recent years, there has been a considerable algorithmic development of first-principle methods for solving the nuclear many-body problem. A systematic inclusion of other correlations in a non-perturbative way are nowadays accounted for in Monte Carlo methods, self-consistent Green's function approaches and nuclear density functional theory. The recent Lecture Notes in Physics on Computational Nuclear Physics covers many of the above many-body methods as well as presenting extensive repositories for numerical methods. The homogeneous electron gas has played a central role in solid state physics, not only as a viable model for understanding important aspects of condensed matter systems but also as a benchmark system for various many-body methods. Still, all of the above many-body methods rely on specific approximations (and thereby truncations) to the full set of many-body correlations. The FCIQMC method, as demonstrated by Alavi and co-workers, has the potential to provide almost exact results for ground state properties of fermionic and bosonic systems. As such, when applied to both the homogeneous electron gas and infinite nuclear matter, the method has the potential to provide important benchmarks for other many-body methods.
For an infinite homogeneous system like nuclear matter or the electron gas, the one-particle wave functions are given by plane wave functions normalized to a volume \( \Omega \) for a quadratic box with length \( L \). The limit \( L\rightarrow \infty \) is to be taken after we have computed various expectation values. In our case we will however always deal with a fixed number of particles and finite size effects become important.
$$
\psi_{\mathbf{k}m_s}(\mathbf{r})= \frac{1}{\sqrt{\Omega}}\exp{(i\mathbf{kr})}\xi_{m_s}
$$
where \( \mathbf{k} \) is the wave number and \( \xi_{m_s} \) is a spin function
for either spin up or down
$$
\xi_{m_{s}=+1/2}=\left(\begin{array}{c} 1
\\ 0 \end{array}\right) \hspace{0.5cm}
\xi_{m_{s}=-1/2}=\left(\begin{array}{c} 0 \\ 1 \end{array}\right).$$
The single-particle energies for the three-dimensional electron gas
are
$$
\varepsilon_{n_{x}, n_{y}, n_{z}} = \frac{\hbar^{2}}{2m}\left( \frac{2\pi }{L}\right)^{2}(n_{x}^{2}+n_{y}^{2}+n_{z}^{2}),
$$
resulting in the magic numbers \( 2 \), \( 14 \), \( 38 \), \( 54 \), etc.
In general terms, our Hamiltonian contains at most a two-body interaction. In second quantization, we can write our Hamiltonian as
$$
\begin{equation}
\hat{H}= \sum_{pq}\langle p | \hat{h}_0 | q \rangle a_p^{\dagger} a_q + \frac{1}{4}\sum_{pqrs}\langle pq |v| r s \rangle a_p^{\dagger} a_q^{\dagger} a_s a_r,
\tag{1}
\end{equation}
$$
where the operator \( \hat{h}_0 \) denotes the single-particle
Hamiltonian, and the elements \( \langle pq|v|rs\rangle \) are the
anti-symmetrized Coulomb interaction matrix elements. Normal-ordering
with respect to a reference state \( |\Phi_0\rangle \) yields
$$
\begin{equation}
\hat{H}=E_0 + \sum_{pq}f_{pq}\lbrace a_p^{\dagger} a_q\rbrace + \frac{1}{4}\sum_{pqrs}\langle pq |v| r s \rangle \lbrace a_p^{\dagger} a_q^{\dagger} a_s a_r \rbrace,
\tag{2}
\end{equation}
$$
where \( E_0=\langle\Phi_0| \hat{H}| \Phi_0\rangle \) is the reference energy
and we have introduced the so-called Fock matrix element defined as
$$
\begin{equation}
f_{pq} = \langle p|\hat{h}_0| q \rangle + \sum\limits_{i} \langle pi |v| qi\rangle.
\tag{3}
\end{equation}
$$
The curly brackets in Eq. (2) indicate that the
creation and annihilation operators are normal ordered.
The unperturbed part of the Hamiltonian is defined as the sum over all the single-particle operators \( \hat{h}_0 \), resulting in
$$
\hat{H}_{0}=\sum_i\langle i|\hat{h}_0|i \rangle= {\displaystyle\sum_{\mathbf{k}_{i}m_{s_i}}}
\frac{\hbar^{2}k_i^{2}}{2m}a_{\mathbf{k}_{i}m_{s_i}}^{\dagger}
a_{\mathbf{k}_{i}m_{s_i}}.
$$
We will throughout suppress, unless explicitely needed, all references
to the explicit quantum numbers \( \mathbf{k}_{i}m_{s_i} \). The summation
index \( i \) runs over all single-hole states up to the Fermi level.
The general anti-symmetrized two-body interaction matrix element
$$
\langle pq |v| r s \rangle = \langle
\mathbf{k}_{p}m_{s_{p}}\mathbf{k}_{q}m_{s_{q}}|v|\mathbf{k}_{r}m_{s_{r}}\mathbf{k}_{s}m_{s_{s}}\rangle,
$$
is given by the following expression
$$
\begin{align}
& \langle
\mathbf{k}_{p}m_{s_{p}}\mathbf{k}_{q}m_{s_{q}}|v|\mathbf{k}_{r}m_{s_{r}}\mathbf{k}_{s}m_{s_{s}}\rangle
\nonumber \\ =&
\frac{e^{2}}{\Omega}\delta_{\mathbf{k}_{p}+\mathbf{k}_{q},
\mathbf{k}_{r}+\mathbf{k}_{s}}\left\{
\delta_{m_{s_{p}}m_{s_{r}}}\delta_{m_{s_{q}}m_{s_{s}}}(1-\delta_{\mathbf{k}_{p}\mathbf{k}_{r}})\frac{4\pi
}{\mu^{2} + (\mathbf{k}_{r}-\mathbf{k}_{p})^{2}} \right. \nonumber
\\ & \left. -
\delta_{m_{s_{p}}m_{s_{s}}}\delta_{m_{s_{q}}m_{s_{r}}}(1-\delta_{\mathbf{k}_{p}\mathbf{k}_{s}})\frac{4\pi
}{\mu^{2} + (\mathbf{k}_{s}-\mathbf{k}_{p})^{2}} \right\},
\nonumber
\end{align}
$$
for the three-dimensional electron gas. The energy per electron computed with
the reference Slater determinant can then be written as
(using hereafter only atomic units, meaning that \( \hbar = m = e = 1 \))
$$
E_0/N=\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{2.21}{r_s^2}-\frac{0.916}{r_s}\right],
$$
for the three-dimensional electron gas. This will serve as the first benchmark in setting up a
program for the FCIQMC method.
The electron gas provides a very useful benchmark at the Hartree-Fock level since it provides
an analytical solution for the Hartree-Fock energy single-particle energy and the total energy per particle.
Most of the details for setting up a single-particle basis and performing a Hartree-Fock calculation for infinite systems can be found in chapter 8 of the recent Lecture Notes in Physics mentioned above.
The first task of this thesis is to develop a code which implements the abovementioned single-particle basis for a two-dimensional and three-dimensional infinite homogeneous gas of electrons using a cartesian basis. With this basis, the next task is to write a code which computes the Hartree-Fock energy. These results will be benchmarked against analytical results for the electron gas as well as existing numerical results for infinite nuclear matter. The next step is, using a Hartree-Fock basis, to develop a Variational Monte Carlo code that uses a simple form for the two-body correlation function based on perturbation theory to second order. The final task is to develop an FCIQMC code for infinite systems using as input the Hartree-Fock and the optimal energy from the Variational Monte Carlo calculations. The results will be benchmarked against other many-body methods and can easily lead to publications in international journals.
The aims and progress plan of this thesis are as follows
The thesis is expected to be handed in May/June 2018.