class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide # Basic Machine Learning Concepts ## Machine Learning in Economics ### Hüseyin Taştan ### Yildiz Technical University --- class: my-medium-font <style type="text/css"> .remark-slide-content { font-size: 28px; padding: 1em 4em 1em 4em; } .my-large-font { font-size: 40px; } .my-small-font { font-size: 20px; } .my-medium-font { font-size: 30px; } </style> # Lecture Outline - [Machine Learning Problem](#problem) - [Types of learning: Supervised vs. Unsupervised](#types) - [Supervised Learning: Regression problems](#regression) - [Over-fitting](#overfit) - [Measuring Prediction Accuracy](#accuracy) - [Bias-Variance Trade-off](#biasvariance) - [Supervised Learning: Classification problems](#classification) --- name: problem # Machine Learning Problem Machine Learning (ML) develops statistical models and algorithms to predict an outcome based on a set of input variables. **General Framework**: * `\(Y_i\)`: outcome variable (or output) * `\(\mathbf{X}_i = \{X_{i1}, X_{i2},\ldots, X_{ip}\}\)`: input variables or features (also called predictors) * Prediction model: $$ Y_i = f(\mathbf{X}_i) + \epsilon_i, ~~~i=1,2,\ldots,n$$ where `\(f(\mathbf{X}_i)\)` is an unknown function and `\(\epsilon\)` is an unobserved random error term with mean zero. --- name: types # Types of learning models - In supervised learning the outcome, `\(Y_i\)`, is observed. - If `\(Y_i\)` is continuous then we have a **regression** problem. For example, predicting house value from a set of features - If `\(Y_i\)` is categorical (or discrete) we have a **classification** problem. For example, classifying a mortgage applicant into default or no-default categories. - Unsupervised Learning: there are no `\(Y_i\)` in the data (no labels). The purpose is to cluster observations based on observed features or reduce the dimensionality of the data set. For example, market segmentation based on a set of customer characteristics. --- name: regression # Regression Problem Example: Income and education level .center[![:scale 70%](img/model1a.PNG)] `$$Income = \underbrace{\beta_0 + \beta_1 Education}_{f(x)}+\epsilon$$` --- # Income as a function of education and age $$ income = f(education, seniority) + \epsilon$$ .pull-left[ ![:scale 100%](img/model2.PNG) ] .pull-right[ - Red dots: Observed income - Blue surface: `\(f(\cdot)\)` function (generally unknown in practice) - But in this example the data is simulated so we know the `\(f\)` function exactly. ] --- # Reducible vs. Irreducible Error * `\(f(X)\)` = unknown function; `\(\hat{f}(X)\)` = prediction and `\(\hat{Y} = \hat{f}(X)\)` * `\(\epsilon = Y - f(X)\)`: is the **irreducible error**. It cannot be estimated using `\(X\)` variables. * The error that arises in estimating `\(\hat{f}(X)\)` is called **reducible error**. The distinction is similar to residual vs. error term in the econometric analysis. * `\(f(X)\)` is unknown in practice. But even if we knew it, `\(\hat{Y} = f(X)\)`, there will always be error in our predictions. * Total variability can be separated into two parts: `$$E[(Y-\hat{f}(X))^2|X=x] = ( f(x)-\hat{f}(x))^2 + Var(\epsilon)$$` where `\(Var(\epsilon)\)` is the variance of the irreducible error. --- # Estimating the prediction model - Assume that we have a training data with `\(n\)` observations that can be used in estimation. - Predictors or features: `\(\mathbf{X}_i = \{X_{i1}, X_{i2},\ldots, X_{ip}\}\)`, `\(i=1,2,\ldots,n\)` - Outputs: `\(Y_1, Y_2, \ldots, Y_n\)` - The purpose is to estimate `\(f(X)\)` (black box?) - Types of models: - **Parametric Methods**: need to specify the functional form (linear, quadratic, etc.) - **Nonparametric Methods**: No explicit assumptions on the functional form of `\(f\)` --- # Parametric Methods **Step 1**: Make an assumption on form of `\(f(\cdot)\)` Example: Linear form `$$f_L(X) = \beta_0 + \beta_1 X+\epsilon$$` Quadratic form: `$$f_Q(X) = \beta_0 + \beta_1 X+ \beta_2 X^2 + \epsilon$$` **Step 2**: Apply a statistical estimation technique to train the model. For example we can apply Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) for models that are linear in parameters. --- # Example: Linear and Quadratic Models .pull-left[ $$\hat{f}_L(X) = \hat{\beta}_0 + \hat{\beta}_1 X $$ ![:scale 90%](img/linfit.png) ] .pull-right[ `$$\hat{f}_Q(X) = \hat{\beta}_0 + \hat{\beta}_1 X + \hat{\beta}_2 X^2$$` ![:scale 90%](img/qfit.png) ] Which one looks more successful? --- # Example: Linear Regression Estimation $$\hat{f}_L(education, seniority) = \hat{\beta}_0 + \hat{\beta}_1 education + \hat{\beta}_2 seniority $$ .pull-left[ Prediction: ![:scale 100%](img/linfit3d.PNG) ] .pull-right[ True relationship: ![:scale 100%](img/model2.PNG) ] --- # Non-parametric models Advantages: more flexibility; Disadvantages: the danger of over-fitting; not easily interpretable .pull-left[ Prediction: ![:scale 100%](img/nonpar1.PNG) ] .pull-right[ True relationship: ![:scale 100%](img/model2.PNG) ] --- name: overfit # Over-fitting .pull-left[ Prediction: ![:scale 100%](img/overfit1.PNG) ] .pull-right[ True form: ![:scale 100%](img/model2.PNG) ] We have a perfect fit!. But this does not guarantee good predictions. Over-fitting = modeling the noise in the data. --- # Over-fitting: Two-dimensional illustration Left: linear fit, Middle: 4th degree polynomial, Right: 15th degree polynomial ![:scale 120%](img/overfit2.png) --- # Over-fitting .center[![:scale 80%](img/overfitexplain.png)] <!-- --- --> <!-- background-image: url("img/overfitexplain.png") --> <!-- background-size: cover --> <!-- background-position: top --> --- # Trade-off Between Prediction Accuracy and Model Interpretability - In practice, why not estimate a flexible model? - Reasons: 1. Ease of interpretation: it's much easier to interpret and make inferences in simpler models such as linear regression (remember ceteris paribus notion). 1. Even if interpretation is not the main focus, restrictive models may still provide accurate predictions compared to more complicated models. There is always the possibility of over-fitting in flexible models. --- # Trade-off between interpretability and flexibility .center[![:scale 70%](img/fig2-7.PNG)] (Source: James et al., An Introduction to Statistical Learning, Figure 2.7, p. 25) --- name: accuracy # Measuring Quality of Fit - The prediction accuracy is typically measured using the Mean Squared Error (MSE) - Suppose that the model is `\(y = f(x) + \epsilon\)` and the prediction is `\(\hat{f}(x)\)` - MSE is defined as `$$MSE = \frac{1}{n}\sum_{i=1}^{n}(y_i - \hat{f}(x_i))^2$$` Note that the predictions are calculated using a **training** data set with `\(n\)` observations. --- # MSE - In a supervised learning problem typically the estimation is carried out to make MSE as small as possible using the training data. For example, OLS minimizes the sum of squared residuals to find the parameter estimates. - However, in a machine learning problem, the main purpose is not just to improve the prediction performance in the training data but to evaluate its performance in a new data set which is not used in the estimation. - The part of the data set that is not used in the estimation (training) of the model but only used to evaluate its performance is called **test data**. - If training MSE is minimum does this imply the test MSE is also minimum? Answer is **NO**. --- # Training and Test MSE - As model's flexibility increases its MSE decreases - Training data: `\(\{Y_i, \mathbf{X}_i\}_{i=1}^n\)` - Test data: `\(\{Y_{0i}, \mathbf{X}_{0i}\}_{i=1}^m\)` - Test MSE: `$$MSE_{test} = \frac{1}{m}\sum_{i=1}^{m}(y_{0i} - \hat{f}(x_{0i}))^2$$` - After obtaining estimates based on the training data we can easily calculate test MSE using only test data. - Where do we get test data? --- class: center, middle # Comparing training and test MSE ![:scale 82%](img/MSE1.PNG) Black: truth; Estimated models: linear model (orange), smoothing spline (blue), a more flexible smoothing spline (green) (Source: James et al., Figure 2.9, s.31) --- name: biasvariance # The Bias-Variance Trade-off - The expected value of the test MSE can be written as: `$$E(MSE_{test})=E\left(y_{0}-\hat{f}\left(x_{0}\right)\right)^{2}=\operatorname{Var}\left(\hat{f}\left(x_{0}\right)\right)+\left[\operatorname{Bias}\left(\hat{f}\left(x_{0}\right)\right)\right]^{2}+\operatorname{Var}(\epsilon)$$` - Bias = `\(\hat{f}\left(x_{0}\right) = E[\hat{f}\left(x_{0}\right)]-f\left(x_{0}\right)\)` - To minimize `\(E(MSE_{test})\)` we need to take into account both the variance and the bias simultaneously (both must be minimized) - As the flexibility increases the bias decreases but the variance increases. --- # Expected value of test MSE Test MSE (red) = Model's variance (orange) + Bias squared (blue) + irreducible error variance (horizontal dotted line) .center[![:scale 75%](img/MSE2.PNG)] Vertical dotted line: shows the level of complexity that gives the minimum test MSE (degrees of freedom) (Source: James et al., Figure 2.12, p.36) --- name: classification # Classification problems - Output variable: categorical (binary or multiple categories) - All definitions we made so far equally apply to classification problems. But we make a few changes. - For example, to measure the model's success we will use **error rate** instead of MSE. - The error rate in the training data is the proportion of incorrectly classified observations: `$$\frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^{n} I\left(y_{i} \neq \hat{y}_{i}\right)$$` where the indicator function `\(I\left(\cdot\right)\)` `\(y_{i} \neq \hat{y}_{i}\)` equals 1, and 0 otherwise. - The same formula can be used to compute test error rate using the test data `\((y_0, x_0)\)`. --- # The Bayes Classifier - We prefer a classifier that gives the minimum test error rate. - Bayes classifier: assigns each observation to the most likely class given the predictors. - This implies that given test data `\(x_0\)`, we assign a test observation to class `\(j\)` for which the conditional probability `$$\operatorname{Pr}\left(Y=j \mid X=x_{0}\right)$$` is largest. - For example, in a binary classification problem (groups 1 and 2), we assign test observation into group 1 if `\(\operatorname{Pr}\left(Y=1 \mid X=x_{0}\right)>0.5\)` and into group 2, otherwise. --- # Bayes decision boundary .pull-left[ ![:scale 100%](img/class1.PNG) ] .pull-right[ - purple dashed line: Bayes classification boundary - If the probabilitiy is larger than 0.5 we classify into orange group, otherwise into blue group. ] --- # Bayes Error Rate - The Bayes classifier gives the smallest error rate. - Bayes Error Rate: `$$1-E\left(\max _{j} \operatorname{Pr}(Y=j \mid X)\right)$$` - We can think of the Bayes error rate as the irreducible error. In practice, we cannot know the Bayes error rate as we do not know the true conditional distribution. --- # K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) Classifier - In order to use the Bayes classifier, we need to estimate the conditional distribution of each group using training data. After that we can classify observations using the class with highest probability. - K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) is a simple model that can be used to estimate the conditional probabilities. - Given a test observation `\(x_0\)`, KNN finds the nearest `\(K\)` points in the training set. Then, the test observation is classified into the group with highest number of points. - KNN becomes more flexible as `\(K\)` gets smaller. --- # KNN Example .center[![:scale 75%](img/KNN1.PNG)] Notes: `\(K=3\)` (left) blue group has the higher frequency. KNN decision boundary (right). (Source: James et al., Figure 2.14, p.40) --- # Over-fitting revisited - In KNN classifier, the parameter `\(K\)` determines the model's performance. - As `\(K\)` increases the number of observations in the neighborhood also increases and the model becomes **less flexible**. - As `\(K\)` gets smaller, the model's flexibility increases. - As two extremes, let's compare `\(K=1\)` and `\(K=100\)` --- # Over-fitting in KNN .center[![:scale 88%](img/KNN3.PNG)] (Source: James et al., Figure 2.16, p.41) --- # Training and Test Error Rates in KNN .center[![:scale 55%](img/KNN4.PNG)] Note: Dashed black line is the Bayes error rate (this is known because the data is simulated) (Source: James et al., Figure 2.17, p.42) --- # Prediction Error in Machine Learning .pull-left[ ![:scale 100%](img/funpic.png) ] .pull-right[ - In traning data, prediction error keeps decreasing as the model becomes more flexible. - However, the prediction error in test data decreases upto a point and then increases. Even if the bias is smaller the variance becomes higher (over-fitting) - We choose the complexity where test prediction error is minimum. ]


Beautiful Bora Bora Bungalows
The Perfect Place to Live out your Wildest Fantasies!
In ancient times the island was called "Pora pora mai te pora", meaning "created by the gods" in the local Tahitian dialect. This was often abbreviated Pora Pora meaning simply first born. Because of ambiguities in the phonemes of the Tahitian language, this could also be pronounced Bola Bola or Bora Bora. When explorer Jacob Roggeveen first landed on the island, he and his crew adopted the name Bora Bora which has stood ever since.


Dick (1999) Reviewed by Brian Matherly ** out of *****
Cast: Kirsten Dunst, Michelle Williams, Dan Hedaya, Will Ferrell, Bruce McCulloch, Teri Garr, Dave Foley, Jim Breuer, Ana Gasteyer, Harry Shearer, Saul Rubinek, Devon Gummersall, Ted McGinley, Ryan Reynolds, G.D. Spradlin, French Stewart Written by: Andrew Fleming and Sheryl Longin Directed by: Andrew Fleming Running Time: 100 minutes Date Reviewed: August 8, 1999
A new entry in the "revisionist history" genre of filmmaking, Dick suggests that two not-too-bright teenage girls are the cause of the uncovering of the nation's biggest presidential scandal. Kirsten Dunst and Michelle Williams star Betsy and Arlene, who while trying to deliver a fan letter from Arlene's Watergate hotel room, accidentally stumble across G. Gordon Liddy (played dead-on by Harry Shearer) and the infamous break-in. When they recognize Liddy later on during a White House field trip, they are ushered into a conference room, questioned as to what they know, and leave as official presidential dog walkers. The girls manage to unwittingly uncover every bit of the Watergate scandal while performing their duties, but have no clue as to what they are getting involved with. When they discover that Nixon (another dead-on performance by Dan Hedaya, who actually favors Nixon slightly, unlike Anthony Hopkins) has been abusive to Checkers, the presidential dog, thanks to the conversations that he always recorded, they quit and become disillusioned. During a prank phone call the girls make to Woodward and Bernstein, events are set into motion that eventually lead to the president's resignation.
This film starts off promisingly with an aged Woodward and Bernstein arguing with each other on an obvious Larry King-type talk show (featuring a cameo by French Stewart) about revealing the identity of "Deep Throat". From there, we are subjected to bodily function humor and just about every bad "dick" joke one can derive from this type of supposed comedy. At one point, the girls are having to scream over a high school band playing on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. The band manages to stop right as Dunst screams "You have to stop letting Dick run your life!" much to the horror of everyone standing within earshot. Several other variations on this wordplay surface all throughout the film. If this movie had been smarter I would have been less likely to fault it's juvenile bathroom humor, but it's not. The film was apparently made for relatively younger people because every major player in the Watergate scandal is introduced and shoved down the audience's throat in the least subtle way possible. I don't recall Oliver Stone's Nixon having to pander to it's audience, but of course that film wasn't a comedy aimed squarely at a 13-20 year-old film going audience.
The only redeeming thing about this movie is it's remarkable supporting cast. I wanted to see more of Ferrell and McCulloch's Woodward and Bernstein. Those two characters are the sole basis for my rating. I wish they had been given more screen time, but unfortunately, they are only relegated to the final half-hour. Their constant bickering and fighting over trying to get the story are a major highlight, especially McCulloch's constant thwarting of Ferrell's attempts to gather information from the girls (who, in the course of the narrative are revealed as Deep Throat, so named thanks to an ill planned trip to a porno theater by Betsy's brother).
The other members of the cast are excellent in their portrayals of their particular characters, but are given nothing to work with. I'd like to see the same cast portray these characters in a script more suited towards their comedic abilities. As for the two leads, Dunst and Williams can definitely do better. They come off as what could best be described as Romy and Michele:The Early Years in this particular film, a highly dubious distinction at best. Stay through the first half of the end credits though, to see an interesting scene involving Dunst and Williams suggestively sucking on lollipops emblazoned with the title of the movie.
An excellent idea marred by poor execution, Dick could have been a great movie. Less of the juvenile humor and more of the smarter comedy displayed by the Woodward and Bernstein scenes, could have made this film a wonderful satire of the Nixon presidency as seen through the eyes of two naive fifteen year olds. As it stands though, Dick offers nothing but what filmmaker Kevin Smith so accurately defines as "dick and poopie" jokes. And that, to me, does not make a funny movie. [PG-13]
Brian Matherly --<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The Jacksonville Film Journal URL:http://users.southeast.net/~chuckd21/
© 1999 of The Jacksonville Film Journal. No reviews may be reprinted without permission.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


--- layout: post title: How to configure Sublime Text for PSR Standards categories: - articles tags: - sublime text - psr - php published: true ---
Created by the PHP-FIG, the PSR specification is a unified push to create standards across all PHP projects. The committee is formed from over 20 developers representing some of the most popular frameworks. Having a unified standard has been a much needed endeavor since PHP standards have been somewhat lacking in the past.
While some of the proposed standards tell you how to format code, we can configure some of the more basic options directly into Sublime. First off if you don't yet know how to modify your Sublime settings got to Preferences -> Settings-User
. You should always modify the "User" files in Sublime because the default files will be overwritten with each new update.
Since PSR states we must use spaces, we need to make sure that when we press the tab key it is translated to spaces. Additionally, since all of our tabs are now spaces setting the tab size to 4 will actually set the amount of spaces to 4.
{% highlight json %} { "tab_size": 4, "translate_tabs_to_spaces": true, } {% endhighlight %}The rulers options allows you to place lines in the editor at the 80 and 120 character marks. Word wrap will not impose a hard limit.
{% highlight json %} { "rulers": [ 80, 120 ], "word_wrap": "true" } {% endhighlight %}If your company is using git and the developers have both Mac and Windows systems, you can save yourself a ton of headaches by making sure everyone is using Unix line endings. This prevents the file from changing line ending type and misleading git into thinking that every single line has changed between commits.
{% highlight json %} { "default_line_ending": "unix", } {% endhighlight %}This one is pretty self explanatory.
{% highlight json %} { "ensure_newline_at_eof_on_save": true, } {% endhighlight %}This is another all or nothing option if your company is using git. Some editors will place spaces at the end of non-blank lines. PSR states that there should be no whitespace on these lines.
{% highlight json %} { "trim_trailing_white_space_on_save": true, } {% endhighlight %}So with all these options placed into your User - Settings
file you have a good baseline for transitioning into using PSR. Before starting this make sure that you have all developers on board especially if you are using git. Additionally, I highly recommend reading the full documentation of the standards which you can find at the php-fig website. For easy copy-pasting, here is the final settings file.
In a future post I plan on delving into the PHP Code Sniffer plugin which can be used for automatically converting files to PSR standards.


Home
About Us
News
Gallery
Contact Us
New Admission
School
Extra Classes
New Admission - Extra Classes
Home
New Admission - Extra Classes
Loading…


[gecode-users] Using GecodeJ with Eclipse
Joao Guerreiro
jmdguerreiro at gmail.com
Tue Sep 2 02:02:03 CEST 2008
Hi,
I'm having the same problem, I'm trying to make it run on windows using
Netbeans and I have the error :
"Gecode native code library failed to load.
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: no gecodej in java.library.path"
I added the GecodeJ.jar on my project libraries.
Does anyone have some information ? Do I need the set the environment
variable PATH to something ? Or setting the VM options to something like
: -Djava.library.path="..." ?
Thanks a lot,
Joao.
More information about the gecode-users
mailing list


- 0 (basic number block)
- 0 (radix number block)
- =
- ≠
- >
- ≥
- <
- ≤
- +
- -
- *
- /
- [^](#exponent)
- random integer
- random fraction
- random set seed to
- min
- max
- square root
- abs
- neg
- log
- e^
- round
- ceiling
- floor
- modulo
- remainder
- quotient
- sin
- cos
- tan
- asin
- acos
- atan
- atan2
- convert radians to degrees
- convert degrees to radians
- format as a decimal
- is a number
- convert number
- bitwise and
- bitwise or (inclusive)
- bitwise or (exclusive)
Can’t find the math block you’re looking for in the built-in blocks?
Some math blocks are dropdowns which means that they can be converted into different blocks. Here’s a list of what is included in each dropdown.
=, ≠, >, ≥, <, ≤
min, max
sqrt, abs, -, log, e^, round, ceiling, floor
modulo of, remainder of, quotient of
sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan
convert radians to degrees, convert degrees to radians
Basic Number Block
Can be used as any positive or negative number. Clicking on the “0” in the block will allow you to change the number.
The block supports normal base-10 numbers (for example: 2, 12, and 2.12), as well as C-like prefixes for other number bases. It supports:
- Base-2 (binary) numbers, e.g. 0b10 (decimal 2)
- Base-8 (octal) numbers, e.g. 0o14 (decimal 12)
- Base-16 (hexadecimal) numbers, e.g. 0xd4 (decimal 212)
Radix Number Block
Represents a base-10 number. Clicking on the “0” will allow you to change the number.
Clicking the dropdown will allow you to input a number in a different number base (aka radix). The number will then be “translated” into decimal (aka base-10).
For example, these three blocks are equivalent:
The dropdown supports: decimal (base-10), binary (base-2), octal (base-8), and hexadecimal (base-16) input formats.
Decimal mode allows you to input any positive or negative number (e.g. 2, -12, 2.12). The other modes only allow you to input a whole number (aka any positive number, or zero).
= {#=}
Tests whether two numbers are equal and returns true or false.
≠ {#not=}
Tests whether two numbers are not equal and returns true or false.
>
Tests whether the first number is greater than the second number and returns true or false.
≥
Tests whether the first number is greater than or equal to the second number and returns true or false.
<
Tests whether the first number is less than the second number and returns true or false.
≤
Tests whether the first number is less than or equal to the second number and returns true or false.
+
Returns the result of adding any amount of blocks that have a number value together. Blocks with a number value include the basic number block, length of list or text, variables with a number value, etc. This block is a mutator and can be expanded to allow more numbers in the sum.
-
*
Returns the result of multiplying any amount of blocks that have a number value together. It is a mutator block and can be expanded to allow more numbers in the product.
/
Returns the result of dividing the first number by the second.
^
Returns the result of the first number raised to the power of the second.
random integer
Returns a random integer value between the given values, inclusive. The order of the arguments doesn’t matter.
random fraction
Returns a random value between 0 and 1.
random set seed to
Use this block to generate repeatable sequences of random numbers. You can generate the same sequence of random numbers by first calling random set seed with the same value. This is useful for testing programs that involve random values.
min
Returns the smallest value of a set of numbers. If there are unplugged sockets in the block, min will also consider 0 in its set of numbers. This block is a mutator and a dropdown.
max
Returns the largest value of a set of numbers. If there are unplugged sockets in the block, max will also consider 0 in its set of numbers. This block is a mutator and a dropdown.
square root
Returns the square root of the given number.
abs
Returns the absolute value of the given number.
neg
Returns the negative of a given number.
log
Returns the natural logarithm of a given number, that is, the logarithm to the base e (2.71828…).
e^
Returns e (2.71828…) raised to the power of the given number.
round
Returns the given number rounded to the closest integer. If the fractional part is < .5 it will be rounded down. It it is > .5 it will be rounded up. If it is exactly equal to .5, numbers with an even whole part will be rounded down, and numbers with an odd whole part will be rounded up. (This method is called round to even.)
ceiling
Returns the smallest integer that’s greater than or equal to the given number.
floor
Returns the greatest integer that’s less than or equal to the given number.
modulo
Modulo(a,b) is the same as remainder(a,b) when a and b are positive. More generally, modulo(a,b) is defined for any a and b so that (floor(a/b)× b) + modulo(a,b) = a. For example, modulo(11, 5) = 1, modulo(-11, 5) = 4, modulo(11, -5) = -4, modulo(-11, -5) = -1. Modulo(a,b) always has the same sign as b, while remainder(a,b) always has the same sign as a.
remainder
Remainder(a,b) returns the result of dividing a by b and taking the remainder. The remainder is the fractional part of the result multiplied by b.
For example, remainder(11,5) = 1 because
11 / 5 = 2 1⁄5
In this case, 1⁄5 is the fractional part. We multiply this by b, in this case 5 and we get 1, our remainder.
Other examples are remainder(-11, 5) = -1, remainder(11, -5) = 1, and remainder(-11, -5) = -1.
quotient
Returns the result of dividing the first number by the second and discarding any fractional part of the result.
sin
Returns the sine of the given number in degrees.
cos
Returns the cosine of the given number in degrees.
tan
Returns the tangent of the given number in degrees.
asin
Returns the arcsine of the given number in degrees.
acos
Returns the arccosine of the given number in degrees.
atan
Returns the arctangent of the given number in degrees.
atan2
Returns the arctangent of y/x, given y and x.
convert radians to degrees
Returns the value in degrees of the given number in radians. The result will be an angle in the range [0, 360)
convert degrees to radians
Returns the value in radians of the given number in degrees. The result will be an angle in the range [-π , +π)
format as decimal
Formats a number as a decimal with a given number of places after the decimal point. The number of places must be a non-negative integer. The result is produced by rounding the number (if there were too many places) or by adding zeros on the right (if there were too few).
is a number?
Returns true if the given object is a number, and false otherwise.
convert number
Takes a text string that represents a positive integer in one base and returns a string that represents the same number is another base. For example, if the input string is 10, then converting from base 10 to binary will produce the string 1010; while if the input string is the same 10, then converting from binary to base 10 will produce the string 2. If the input string is the same 10, then converting from base 10 to hex will produce the string A.
Bitwise And
Takes two numbers and compares each pair of bits. Each bit of the result is 1 only if the corresponding bits of both operands are 1.
Example:
| Decimal | Binary (internal representation) | |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | 0 1 1 0 | |
| 3 | 0 0 1 1 | |
| Result: | 2 | 0 0 1 0 |
Bitwise Or (Inclusive)
Takes two numbers and compares each pair of bits. Each bit of the result is 1 if either of the corresponding bits in each operand is 1.
Example:
| Decimal | Binary (internal representation) | |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | 0 1 1 0 | |
| 3 | 0 0 1 1 | |
| Result: | 7 | 0 1 1 1 |
bitwise Or (Exclusive)
Takes two numbers and compares each pair of bits. Each bit of the result is 1 only if one corresponding bit in the operands is 1 and the other is 0.
Example:
| Decimal | Binary (internal representation) | |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | 0 1 1 0 | |
| 3 | 0 0 1 1 | |
| Result: | 5 | 0 1 0 1 |


The Fusion Kitchen is located in the outskirts of Mumbai with soothing ambience since 1985.
It is a pretty place with awesome decor and great food. In collaboration with working background the kitchen creates modern, seasonal and focused on your pleasure dishes.
We provide you with daily self-made bread, sourdough pizza, roasted fish meat vegetables and many more.
A lot of people all around the world admire food. Big lovers of Indian culinary majesty, pizza, different kinds of pasta, meatballs and spaghetti come whether to Italy or to our restaurant. We do our best to serve you delicious food.
Menu
Home
About
Menu
Gallery
Contact
Address
Shop no.1
Opposite Holy Cross Road,
IC Colony,
Borivali(West),
Mumbai 400103
Recipies
Tomato Pasta:
Deep fry vegetables,
Soak the pasta in water
Heat butter in pan,
Cook until smooth
Connect us
Call us at:<PHONE_NUMBER>2


#set( $text = {
"subject": "Thank you for completing The Count Me In survey",
"salutation_self": "Dear {{participant_firstName}},",
"salutation_parent": "Dear {{proxy_firstName}},",
"thank_you1": "Thank you for taking the time to complete the Count Me In survey. We’re writing to let you know that information you submitted in this survey was received.",
"thank_you2": "Thank you again for your participation, we are so grateful for your continued partnership. If you have any feedback or questions at any point and would like to talk to a member of our study staff, please reach out to us at
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or<PHONE_NUMBER>.",
"closing": "Sincerely,",
"study_team": "The Count Me In Team"
})
#parse("family_history_complete.tmpl.html")


Algorithm and scientific questions: <Huidong.Chen at mgh dot harvard dot edu>
Module wrapping issues: Ted Liefeld < jliefeld at cloud dot ucsd dot edu>
STREAM (Single-cell Trajectories Reconstruction, Exploration And Mapping) is an interactive pipeline capable of disentangling and visualizing complex branching trajectories from both single-cell transcriptomic and epigenomic data. Within GenePattern STREAM is implemented as a collection of modules that cover the entire STREAM processing pipeline to allow individual steps to be performed interactively for data exploration.
STREAM.SeedEPGStructure is use to seed the initial elastic principal graph prior to starting the trajectory learning process.
Elastic principal graphs are structured data approximators, consisting of vertices connected by edges. The vertices are embedded into the space of the data, minimizing the mean squared distance (MSD) to the data points, similarly to k-means. Unlike unstructured k-means, the edges connecting the vertices are used to define an elastic energy term. The elastic energy term and MSD are used to create penalties for edge stretching and bending of branches.
The principal graph inference is based on a greedy optimization procedure that may lead to local minima, therefore in STREAM we use the STREAM.SeedEPGStructure module as an initialization procedure that improves the quality of the inferred solutions and speeds up convergence. First, cells are clustered in the low-dimensional space (by default, k-means is used. Alternatively another two clustering methods including affinity propagation(ap) and spectral clustering(sc) are also available). Based on the centroids obtained, a minimum spanning tree (MST) is constructed using the Kruskal’s algorithm. The obtained tree is then used as initial tree structure for the ElPiGraph procedure.
H Chen, L Albergante, JY Hsu, CA Lareau, GL Bosco, J Guan, S Zhou, AN Gorban, DE Bauer, MJ Aryee, DM Langenau, A Zinovyev, JD Buenrostro, GC Yuan, L Pinello Single-cell trajectories reconstruction, exploration and mapping of omics data with STREAM. Nature Communications, volume 10, Article number: 1903 (2019)
Nestorowa, S. et al. A single-cell resolution map of mouse hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell differentiation. Blood 128, e20-31 (2016).
Pinello Lab STREAM Github Repository
Example data for the STREAM workflow can be downloaded from dropbox: Stream Example Data
Ref: Nestorowa, S. et al. A single-cell resolution map of mouse hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell differentiation. Blood 128, e20-31 (2016).
An input file suitable for this step is available at dimred_stream_result.pkl
GenePattern 3.9.11 or later (dockerized).
Inputs and Outputs | |
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| data file* | A STREAM pkl file containing an annotated AnnData matrix of gene expression data/td> |
| output filename* | The output filename prefix. |
Structure Learning | |
| Name | Description |
| percent neighbor cells* | Neighbor percentage. The percentage of points used as neighbors for spectral clustering. |
| num clusters* | Number of clusters (only valid once 'clustering' is specificed as 'Spectral Clustering' or 'K-Means'). |
| damping* | Damping factor (between 0.5 and 1) for affinity propagation. |
| preference percentile* | Preference percentile (between 0 and 100). The percentile of the input similarities for affinity propagation. |
| max clusters* | Number of clusters (only valid once 'clustering' is specificed as 'Spectral Clustering' or 'K-Means'). |
| clustering* | Clustering method used to infer the initial nodes. Choose from affinity propagation, K-Means clustering, Spectral Clustering |
PlottingParameters controlling the output figures. | |
| Name | Description |
| num components* | The number of components to be plotted. |
| component x* | Component used for the x axis |
| component y* | Component used for the y axis |
| figure height | Figure height as used in matplotlib graphs. Default=8. |
| figure width | Figure width as used in matplotlib plots. Default=8 |
| figure legend num columns* | The number of columns that the legend has. |
* - required


Login Credentials Login Information Employeed ID # : Password : Login Employee Clock-in/out Clock-in Clock-out Date Time In/Out Additional Information Feedback, special requests, or other information


| | |
Methods defined here:
- __init__(self, graph, lobe_filename=None, s=100)
- Constructor
Args:
graph: A Graph instance.
lobe_filename: Filename of lobe file explicitly setting lobe extents.
None if no lobe file specified.
s: An edge weight threshold. Only edges with weight in the top s% get
rendered.
- render(self, out_filename)
- Render this instance to a PDF.
Args:
out_filename: A string filename to save this PDF as.
- renderEdgeLegend(self, x, y, w)
- Render legend boxes showing metadata about the properties visualized by
graph edges.
Args:
x, y: Coordinate of top left coordinate of this legend
w: Width and height of the legend box
Return:
Tuple of final dimensions (w, h). (0,0) if there are no edge properties
defined.
- renderLabelLegend(self, x, y, w)
- Render a legend box describing the order and property association of the
set of labels accompanying each node.
Args:
x, y: Coordinate of top left coordinate of this legend
w: Width of the legend box
Return:
Tuple of final dimensions (w, h). (0,0) if there are no labels to render.
- renderNodeLabels(self)
- Render all Node labels.
- renderRectangle(self, x, y, w, h)
- Render a rectangle on this graph_renderer's axes instance.
Args:
x, y: Bottom left corner coords
w, h: Width and Height dimensions
- renderRingLegend(self, x, y, w, layer_i)
- Render legend boxes showing metadata about the properties visualized by a
given ring (layer).
Args:
x, y: Coordinate of top left coordinate of this legend
w: Width of the legend box
layer_i: Layer index
Return:
Tuple of final dimensions (w, h)
- renderRingLegends(self)
- Render legend boxes describing the properties visualized by each ring
(layer).
|


MyMICDS.net is not affiliated with Mary Institute and Saint Louis Country Day School. We recommend you use a different password than your normal school password. Learn more here!


{% extends "app.html" %} {% block css %} {% endblock %} {% block title %}Donation{% endblock %} {% block content %}
Dear Wonderful People who opens this page, donation can be done with three different methods. Please choose the easiest and most convenient method to help out. Thank You :)
PayPal Patreon Kickstarter


Dare to Play? Fearless Kids Use Dead Snake as Jump Rope
They say kids these days are only interested in mobile phones and other devices and cannot entertain themselves. Well, these kids in Vietnam definitely know how to have fun in a very ingenious (and a little bit scary) way.
Five kids from Vietnam have been filmed playing a jump rope. This sounds pretty normal, doesn't it? Well, it would be if it wasn't for the fact that the jump rope is a huge snake!
At least the poor serpent has already passed away, but it doesn't make the game the kids are playing any less terrifying.
Vietnam is home to at least 37 types of venomous snakes.


freeCodeCamp Survey Form
Thank you for taking the time to help us improve the platform
Name
Email
Age (optional)
Which option best descibes your current role?
Student
Full Time Job
Full Time Learner
Prefer not to say
Other
Would you recommend freeCodeCamp to a friend?
Definitely
Maybe
Not Sure
Challenges
Projects
Community
Open Source
Front-end Projects
Back-end Projects
Back-end Projects
Challenges
OpenSource Community
OpenSource Community
Videos
City Meetups
Wiki
Forum
Additional Courses
Any comments or suggestions
Submit


Overview
Setting up Torque 2D is a simple process. When you license Torque
2D, you get access to all the editors, scripting and full engine source
code. This gives you the power to make changes to the engine's
functionality, should you choose to. Studying the source-code is also a
great way to learn about advanced game engine programming. Even if you
download the source code now, you need to prepare your system before you
work with Torque 2D.
Installing Torque 2D
After you have purchased a license, you are free to download and
install Torque 2D. There are many components that ship with the engine,
but first let's obtain the installer. Log into GarageGames.com, then
click on the My Account->My Products link:
You will be presented with a page showing all the products you own.
Locate Torque 2D in this list, then click on the download link. Do not
click on the name of the engine, as this will take you to the product
page:
You will be taken to the product download. From here, you can download
the latest version of the engine. You can also download previous
versions or the documentation by itself. Make sure you are on the proper
tab for the platform you wish to download, then click on the version
you wish to download (version may differ from the following image):
The actual installer for Torque 2D is small. It should not take
long to download. Download process will vary between browsers.
After the download has finished, locate the installer.
On Windows
It will be a .exe and you will have been prompted to select a
location when you started the download so navigate to that location and
double click the installer icon.
On OSX
It will be a .dmg file, the default is usually to download to
your desktop, and depending on your version of Safari it may open
automatically when the download is complete. If it does not, then locate
and double click the installer icon.
Note: The icon for the installer is the same regardless of the platform:
Once the installer opens you will then be walked through the installation process.
NOTE: If you have Windows permissions enabled and UAC running, you might run into problems trying to create and open projects from the editor. You will receive an error messages stating "Unable to open project".
UAC is preventing Torque 2D from saving out the necessary files required to create and open projects. To resolve this issue, you must go through the following steps on Windows 7 or Windows Vista:
1. Right click your Torque 2D shortcut or executable file and select "Properties".
2. Click the "Compatibility" tab.
3. Make sure the box for "Run this program as an adminstrator" located under "Privilege Level" is checked.
4. Click "Apply" and "OK" to close the dialog box.
Torque 2D will now always run as an adminstrator and the program will have the access it needs to save and open
project files.
Optional Downloads
Depending on your operating system, there are other tools you can
obtain to speed up development. For example, on Windows you might
consider Torsion
from the GarageGames.com store. If you are looking at serious
development, you might consider setting up source control such as
Subversion or Git.
Conclusion
With Torque 2D installed you are ready to start making games. It is highly
recommended you keep reading through the documentation for tips on how
to get started and learn the work flow of the tools. |


Eulers Method
-
- What?

-
- Once the approximate solution is obtained at the points, the approximate solution at other points in the interval can be found by interpolation.
-
- Mesh-Points:
- \[t_i = a + ih, \ \ \ \text{for each } i = 0, 1, 2, ... , N\]
-
The mesh points are equally distributed throughout the interval \([a, b]\).
-
- Step-Size:
- \[h = \dfrac{b − a}{N} = t_{i+1} − t\]
-
Euler’s Method:
Equation \((5.8)\) is called the difference equation associated with Euler’s method.
-
Derivation:
-
Algorithm:
- Geometric Interpetation:
To interpret Euler’s method geometrically, note that when \(w_i\) is a close approximation to \(y(t_i)\), the assumption that the problem is well-posed implies that \(f(t_i, w_i) \approx y(t_i) = f(t_i, y(t_i))\).i.e. each step corresponds to correcting the path by the approximation to the derivative (slope).
Error Bounds for Euler’s Method
- Comparison Lemmas:
-
Lemma 1:
-
Lemma 2:
-
-
Error Bound:
- Properties of the Error Bound Theorem:
- The Weakness of Theorem 5.9 lies in the requirement that a bound be known for the second derivative of the solution.
- However, if \(\dfrac{\partial f}{\partial t}\) and \(\dfrac{\partial f}{\partial y}\) both exist, the chain rule for partial differentiation implies that
So it is at times possible to obtain an error bound for \(y''(t)\) without explicitly knowing \(y(t)\). - The Principal Importance of the error-bound formula given in Theorem 5.9 is that the bound depends linearly on the step size h.
- Consequently, diminishing the step size should give correspondingly greater accuracy to the approximations.
Finite Digit Approximations
- Euler Method [Finite-Digit Approximations]:
Where \(\delta_i\) denotes the round-off error associated with \(u_i\).
-
Error Bound for fin-dig approx. to \(y_i\) given by Euler’s method:
- Properties of the Error Bound on Finit-digit Approximations:
- The error bound (5.13) is no longer linear in h.


Tags: nan
Style: Muralism
Artist: Rivera Diego
Title: The Festival of The First of May
Year: 1924
Genre: genre painting
Categories: altar (35.5%); church (13.0%); prayer_rug (11.3%); monastery (8.7%); vault (7.7%)
<< previous image next image >>


[]. SARS-CoV- (). patients COVID- coronavirus â€" novel virus respiratory SARS-CoV infection cases showed used viral rate {border-style clinical number px;} syndrome #ffffff;} pneumonia study (Epub MERS-CoV acute ahead antiviral print). (FigureÂ [,]. transmission treatment China addition, severe infected protein spread (%), However, mortality reported symptoms treat CI: RNA SARS Wuhan, days host human infections spike April Infect.(), Med.(), SARS-CoV-. assay countries disease drugs outbreak (-nCoV) Clin. Infect. Therefore, animal detection higher increased load proteins Int. Interleukin Moreover, SARS-CoV-, death diagnosis epidemic features health identity laboratory public px; specific study. testing {font-family â€¢ (%) .â€".) China, China. Chinese IL-: Microbes Patients acid caused characteristics coronaviruses cytokines early font-size ground-glass humans infection. models patients. prevent research similar (TableÂ -nCoV Antimicrob. COVID-. China: East IL-, Lancet(), Med. Middle Wuhan associated contains cured double; effective fever, genome identified important including new nonstructural positive protein, receptor shown time vaccines virus.  RT-PCR RdRp-P SARS-CoV. SARS-like [,] abnormal al.Clinical al.The animals antibody approximately bilateral bold cases, cats cell cells children chloroquine combination contact coronavirus. coronavirus: coronaviruses. cough courier; cytokine demonstrated diseases drug drug, dyspnea em; emerging encoded evidence fatality ferrets future. given global high infection, laboratory-confirmed leukopenia lungs medicine membrane model observational observed opacities pandemic pneumonia. prevention previous production pt;} rapidly real-time reduce replication reservoir review role shares stool subunit suspected targeted therapeutic total world.


Negotiation outcome a major step forward for RCEP, India's position respected and understood: PM Lee
by Matthew MohanBANGKOK: The conclusion of text-based negotiations among 15 out of 16 nations marks a "very major step forward" for the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), said Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong on Monday (Nov 4) evening.
Speaking at the end of the 35th ASEAN Summit, Mr Lee said that with 15 economies on board, the agreement was a substantial one.
He also said he understood India's decision to "not yet" join in.
“It’s a pity that India is not yet on board, we hope one day it will come on board. But nevertheless, this is a very major step forward for the RCEP - tremendous progress for which we have to thank the negotiators from all of the countries,” said Mr Lee.
READ: 15 nations complete "text-based" negotiations for RCEP, signing expected in 2020
READ: India will not join RCEP trade deal in blow to sprawling Asian pact
“We understand India’s position. India has made its position clear, (Prime Minister) Modi expressed it in forthright terms.
“And there’s no anxiety or rancour … We fully understand and appreciate India’s point of view. They have made that decision. We respect that decision," he added.
“We hope one day that it will be possible, either because we can overcome the specific issues that are outstanding or India takes a different perspective, (for us to) come together and India will be part of the group," Mr Lee said.
"If possible, it happens by next year then everybody can sign," he added.
Issues on market access as well as some “technicalities” had meant that India did not agree to the deal, said Mr Lee.
READ: What is the RCEP trade deal and what happens now?
The 16-nation RCEP would have accounted for a third of global gross domestic product and nearly half the world's population.
RCEP includes the 10-member grouping of Southeast Asian nations, as well as China, South Korea, Japan, Australia and New Zealand.
New impetus to complete what could be the world's largest trade deal has come from the US-China trade war, which has helped knock regional economic growth to its lowest in five years.
In the event that India eventually refuses to come on board, each of the other countries will have to assess “feasible possibilities”, said Mr Lee.
Even in that situation, "RCEP X (number of countries) is better than RCEP 0," he added.


@(triple : org.hadatac.console.models.TripleDocument)
(manufactured by: @triple.get("maker") )
Description: @triple.get("desc")


Meetup at Keflavik airport, arrival time is flexible. It will be a calm adaptation day including walks in the city center and in the port, a visit to hot springs and watching the sunset on the waterfront overlooking the monument of Drakkar. We will spend the first night at Reykjavik’s camping site.
At dawn we will visit the famous Dyrholay Cape. We will photograph beautiful landscapes of rocky shores with Atlantic puffins in the first sunrays. You will need a 400mm lens or bigger to be able to take good shots. Then we go to the very popular Scogafoss waterfall.
It will be the most sleepless night of our photography tour, but it will be worth it. We will meet the sunrise in Icelagoon, by the ocean, where the waves of the anthracite beach carry ice floes, and sometimes whole icebergs.
Tour Price
2500$
For 10 day tour
Camping and Logistcs
Photo workshops
Air tickets
Food
Contact Us


Stories
{% if trees_count %}
There are {{ trees_count }} available stories to play.
{% else %}
{% endif %}
Story lines
{% if branches_count %}
Currently there are {{ branches_count }} original story
lines.
{% else %}
Unfortunately, there are no story lines at the
moment.
{% endif %}
Survivors
{% if players %}
There are {{ players }} registered survivors on the
campus.
{% else %}
There are no registered survivors on the campus. Be the first
one!
{% endif %}
Choices
{% if choices %}
Survivors have made {{ choices }} choices.
{% else %}
Survivors have not made any choices yet. Be the
leader!
{% endif %}


Non separation dots for abbreviations looks up -> .
Non separation dots for abbreviations looks up -> . alt 198
Separation symbols for list items and numbers
Separation symbols for list items and numbers
looks up ,
looks up ,
looks up .
looks up .
Ellipsis breaker looks up -> "..." alt 203
looks up !
looks up !
Exclamation mark in rules alt 210
Period container non breaker looks up -> .
Period container non breaker looks up -> . alt 201
Non separation dots for numbers looks up -> .
Non separation dots for numbers looks up -> . alt 199
Between punctuations marker
Between punctuations marker
Punctuation line breaker alt 200
looks up ?
looks up ?
Question in quotes alt 209
looks up ;
looks up ;
Special non breaking symbol alt 202
Magic regex ensures no breaking within protection
Magic regex ensures no breaking within protection
Extends RuleSymbols with specific symbols used for the pragmatic approach. Right now, the only one.


当前资源的location.html http://localhost:8080/htmls/location2.html
目标资源的location.html http://localhost:8080/responseDemo2


public interface StereoDeviceRenderer
The following pseudo-code describes how to implement a renderer
using a StereoDeviceRenderer
.
See StereoClientRenderer
which implements the following:
beginFrame(GL)
updateEyePose(int)
ppAvailable()
: Set the render target, e.g. FBOStereoDeviceRenderer.Eye.getViewport()
upstream.reshapeEye(..)
upstream.display(..)
.ppAvailable()
:ppBegin(GL)
#ppBothEyes(GL)
or device.ppOneEye(GL, int)
for both eyesppEnd(GL)
endFrame(GL)
Asymmetric FOV
Rendering
The StereoClientRenderer
shall render both images for each eye correctly Off-axis
utilizing an asymmetric camera frustum, i.e. by using StereoDevice
's default
FovHVHalves
.
Some references:
| Modifier and Type | Interface and Description |
|---|---|
static interface |
StereoDeviceRenderer.Eye
Interface describing one eye of the stereoscopic device,
see
getEye(int) . |
| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
static int |
DISTORTION_BARREL
Distortion Bit: Barrel distortion compensating lens pincushion distortion
|
static int |
DISTORTION_CHROMATIC
Distortion Bit: Chromatic distortion compensating lens chromatic aberration.
|
static int |
DISTORTION_TIMEWARP
Distortion Bit: Timewarp distortion technique to predict
EyePose movement to reduce latency. |
static int |
DISTORTION_VIGNETTE
Distortion Bit: Vignette distortion compensating lens chromatic aberration.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
beginFrame(GL gl)
Notifying that a new frame is about to start.
|
void |
dispose(GL gl)
Release all OpenGL related resources
|
void |
endFrame(GL gl)
Notifying that the frame has been rendered completely.
|
StereoDevice |
getDevice()
Returns the
StereoDevice of this StereoDeviceRenderer instance. |
int |
getDistortionBits()
Returns used distortion compensation bits, e.g.
|
StereoDeviceRenderer.Eye |
getEye(int eyeNum)
Returns the
StereoDeviceRenderer.Eye instance for the denoted eyeNum . |
DimensionImmutable |
getSingleSurfaceSize()
Returns the unified surface size of one eye's a single image in pixel units.
|
int |
getTextureCount()
Returns the used texture-image count for post-processing, see
ppAvailable() . |
int |
getTextureUnit()
Returns the desired texture-image unit for post-processing, see
ppAvailable() . |
DimensionImmutable |
getTotalSurfaceSize()
Returns the total surface size required for the complete images in pixel units.
|
void |
init(GL gl)
Initialize OpenGL related resources
|
boolean |
ppAvailable()
Returns
true if stereoscopic post-processing is required and available,
otherwise false . |
void |
ppBegin(GL gl)
Begin stereoscopic post-processing, see
ppAvailable() . |
void |
ppEnd(GL gl)
End stereoscopic post-processing, see
ppAvailable() . |
void |
ppOneEye(GL gl,
int eyeNum)
Performs stereoscopic post-processing for one eye, see
ppAvailable() . |
EyePose |
updateEyePose(int eyeNum)
Updates the
StereoDeviceRenderer.Eye.getLastEyePose()
for the denoted eyeNum . |
boolean |
usesSideBySideStereo()
Method returns
true if using side-by-side (SBS)
stereoscopic images, otherwise false . |
static final int DISTORTION_BARREL
static final int DISTORTION_CHROMATIC
static final int DISTORTION_VIGNETTE
static final int DISTORTION_TIMEWARP
EyePose
movement to reduce latency.
FIXME: Explanation needs refinement!
StereoDevice getDevice()
StereoDevice
of this StereoDeviceRenderer
instance.StereoDeviceRenderer.Eye getEye(int eyeNum)
StereoDeviceRenderer.Eye
instance for the denoted eyeNum
.EyePose updateEyePose(int eyeNum)
StereoDeviceRenderer.Eye.getLastEyePose()
for the denoted eyeNum
.int getDistortionBits()
DISTORTION_BARREL
,
in case the stereoscopic display requires such, i.e. in case lenses are utilized.
Distortion requires post-processing
.
boolean usesSideBySideStereo()
true
if using side-by-side (SBS)
stereoscopic images, otherwise false
.
SBS requires that both eye's images are presented side-by-side in the final framebuffer.
Either the renderer presents the images side-by-side according to the eye's viewport
,
or post-processing
is utilized to merge textures
to a side-by-side configuration.
DimensionImmutable getSingleSurfaceSize()
DimensionImmutable getTotalSurfaceSize()
If usesSideBySideStereo()
the total size spans over both getSingleSurfaceSize()
, side-by-side.
Otherwise the size is equal to getSingleSurfaceSize()
.
int getTextureCount()
ppAvailable()
.
In case the renderer does not support multiple textures for post-processing,
or no post-processing at all, method returns zero despite the request
from StereoDevice#createRenderer(int, int, float[], com.jogamp.opengl.math.FovHVHalves[], float)
.
int getTextureUnit()
ppAvailable()
.void init(GL gl)
void dispose(GL gl)
void beginFrame(GL gl)
void endFrame(GL gl)
boolean ppAvailable()
true
if stereoscopic post-processing is required and available,
otherwise false
.
Stereoscopic post-processing is available if:
getDistortionBits()
If stereoscopic post-processing is used
the following post-processing methods must be called to before #endFrame()
:
ppBegin(GL)
ppOneEye(GL, int)
for both eyesppEnd(GL)
void ppBegin(GL gl)
ppAvailable()
.
updateEyePose(int)
for both eyes must be called upfront
when rendering upstream StereoGLEventListener
.
gl
- void ppOneEye(GL gl, int eyeNum)
ppAvailable()
.gl
- eyeNum
- void ppEnd(GL gl)
ppAvailable()
.gl
- Copyright 2010 JogAmp Community.


 C'mon. How can you say we look alike? My clothes are way more stylish than his, and I'm far more handsome.
Stop blubbering and just look for what you need. Don't just glance at it, examine it carefully. Hans is the one who peddles overpriced, useless trinkets, not me.
Trade
View the lord and tax rate information
Quest


POLYFIT2 polynomial approximation of a curve usage : P = POLYFIT2(X, Y, N) finds the coefficients of a polynomial P(X) of degree N that fits the data, P(X(I))~=Y(I), in a least-squares sense. P = POLYFIT2(Y, N) use default equal spacing between all values of Y array. P = POLYFIT2(..., COND) specify end conditions for interpolated polynom. COND is [M*1] array of values, M(0) is value of interpolated polynom for X(1), M(2) is value of first derivative at first point, and so on for each derivative degree of X. If COND is [M*2] array, first column gives conditions for first point, and second column gives conditions for second point. P = POLYFIT2(..., COND1, COND2) where COND1 and COND2 are column arrays, specify different end condition for each limit of the polynom domain. Example % defines a basis and a function to interpolate N = 50; % 50 points x = linspace(0, pi, N); % basis range from 0 to PI y = cos(x)+randn(1,N)*.2; % cosine plus gaussian noise figure; plot(x, y, '+'); % display result % Fit a degree 3 polynom, imposing to pass through end points [0 1] and % [PI -1]: p1 = polyfit2(x, y, 3, [1], [-1]); % Fit a degree 3 polynom, imposing to pass through end points [0 1] and % [PI -1], and imposing first derivative equals to zero at end points: p2 = polyfit2(x, y, 3, [1;0], [-1;0]); % display the different approximations hold on; plot(x, polyval(p1, x), 'g'); plot(x, polyval(p2, x), 'r'); See also : polyfit (matlab) ----- author : David Legland INRA - TPV URPOI - BIA IMASTE created the 30/04/2004.


Members of the 2017-2018 Robotic Engineering Aggies Females Team!
Classification:PhD student
Major: Electrical Engineering: Analog and Mixed Signal
Research: Power Management Integrated Circuits (ICs). She also holds a Master’s of Science degree in Electrical Engineering from Texas A & M University, College Station.
Classification: Senior
Major: Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering Technology
Classification: Freshman
Major: Aerospace Engineering
Classification: Freshman
Major: Mechanical Engineering
Classification: Junior
Major: Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering Technology
Classification: Junior
Major: Mechanical Engineering
Classification: Junior
Major: Nuclear Engineering
Classification: Junior
Major: Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering Technology
Classification: Sophomore
Major: Mehanical Engineering
Classification: Freshman
Major: Chemical Engineering
Classification: Senior
Major: Biological and Agricultural Engineering
Classification: Junior
Major: Mechanical Engineering
Classification: Sophomore
Major: Mechatronics Engineering
Classification: Freshman
Major: Mechanical Engineering
Classification: Freshman
Major: Mechanical Engineering
Classification: Junior
Major: Ocean Engineering
Classification: Sophomore
Major: Mechanical Engineering
Classification: Senior
Major: Electrical Systems Engineering Technology
Classification: Senior
Major: Electrical Engineering
Classification: Junior
Major: Electrical Engineering
Classification: Freshman
Major: Biomedical Engineering
Classification: Senior
Major: Electrical Engineering
Classification: Freshman
Major: Electrical Engineering
Classification: Freshman
Major: Electrical Engineering
Classification: Sophomore
Major: Computer Science
Classification: Senior
Major: Electrical Engineering
Classification: Sophomore
Major: Aerospace Engineering
Classification: Sophomore
Major: Computer Science
Classification: Freshman
Major: Computer Science
Classification: Freshman
Major: Computer Science
Classification: Sophomore
Major: Industrial Distribution
Classification: Freshman
Major: Chemical Engineering
Classification: Sophomore
Major: Computer Science
Classification: Freshman
Major: Computer Science


Introduction
These "Help" documents have been composed to answer questions you might have related to this site. Whether you are a guest or a registered user, you can peruse information like this help document about how to use and participate in this site. The table of contents delineates the various topics that these help documents address. If you have immediate questions, general or specific, you might also find the Site FAQ useful.
You can also find out more about the development projects hosted on this site by viewing the complete listing and visiting individual project home page. If you want to get more involved, you must be a registered user. Registering with this site opens up a further range of possibilities available to you here ... In general, this site aims to provide developers with the tools and resources needed in creating and maintaining projects. Once created, a project is worked on by registered users who join as members to form a kind of community associated with the project. Project owners must craft projects that not only will be approved by the site administrators, but will also be appealing enough to attract users who register with this site to become active participants.
This same dynamic that governs individual project administration implicitly determines how this site functions. These help documents are meant to help project owners craft and maintain appealing and successful projects and to aid users in working within the community associated with any project.
If you are viewing this site but not logged in, you are considered a guest user. You are most welcome to investigate the site and view project information. The projects you can view are public; there are also other private projects hosted on this site. As a guest user, you can:
Should you wish to register to gain further access to site resources, join a project, or perhaps even start your own project, you can use the Register link in the left navigation bar at any time to create a user account. You will also find links to the registration screen on various project pages.
If you are a registered user, the natural place to start (and it is also the default) is your Start Page, which presents you with, among other things, a generous category list of currently hosted projects and a navigation bar on the left listing useful and important links. Each of these items is available for browsing. In fact, before you have even joined a project, you can: These items are touched on throughout the Help pages, as they are common to all users alike. Each item provides some insight either into the structure of this site into particular projects and their communities of developers. Investigating project categories, for instance, can give you a fair idea of the project at hand, as can reading the project news pages. More on learning about and joining projects
Before you register: what guest users can do
Before you join a project: what registered users can do
Back to main Help index


jQuery.skedTape
Schedule widget for jQuery
1. All-in-one example
Click on an event to move it.
Click on empty space of the timeline to add a new event on predefined position.
Use +- keys to change zooming level.
Use vertical mouse wheel to scroll timeline horizontally.
*
To make the example lightweight the timezones in here are set disregarding the DST, so they may be different from the actual ones, that's ok.
2. Deferred rendering demo
See the sources of this example to know how to initialize the component with its actual rendering postponed. Note that tzOffset = 0 in this example.
3. Showing in tabs and modals
Show in modal
Text
Schedule
It's an initial tab, there is nothing here.
Switch to the other tab.
Some modal
×


To use this repository, run the following command:
sudo zypper addrepo http://hudson-ci.org/opensuse/ hudson
With that set up, the Hudson package can be installed with zypper install hudson


Bring to the table win-win survival strategies to ensure proactive domination. At the end of the day, going forward, a new normal that has evolved from generation X is on the runway heading towards a streamlined cloud solution. User generated content in real-time will have multiple touchpoints for offshoring.
2nd class Honors
A
A
Apart from being a Consultant, I enjoy most of my time being outdoors. In the winter, I am an avid skiier and novice ice climber. During the warmer months here in Colorado, I enjoy mountain biking, free climbing, and kayaking.


[name]
Object for keeping track of time.
Constructor
[name]( [page:Boolean autoStart] )
autoStart — Automatically start the clock.

Source
[link:https://github.com/mrdoob/three.js/blob/master/src/[path].js src/[path].js]


Comparison table between best devices from every manufacturer
| Apple iPhone 11 Pro Max | Huawei P40 Pro | OnePlus 8 Pro | Samsung Galaxy Note10+ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Price at launch | € 1,159.00 | € 999.00 | € 895.00 | € 1,099.00 |
| Body | ||||
| Dimensions | 158 x 77.8 x 8.1 mm (6.22 x 3.06 x 0.32 in) | 158.2 x 72.6 x 9 mm (6.23 x 2.86 x 0.35 in) | 165.3 x 74.4 x 8.5 mm (6.51 x 2.93 x 0.33 in) | 162.3 x 77.2 x 7.9 mm (6.39 x 3.04 x 0.31 in) |
| Weight | 226 g (7.97 oz) | 209 g (7.37 oz) | 199 g (7.02 oz) | 196 g (6.91 oz) |
| Other | IP68 dust/water resistant (up to 4m for 30 mins) | IP68 dust/water resistant (up to 1.5m for 30 mins) | IP68 dust/water resistant (up to 1.5m for 30 mins) |
IP68 dust/water resistant (up to 1.5m for 30 mins) Stylus (Bluetooth integration, accelerometer, gyro) |
| Display | ||||
| Type | Super Retina XDR OLED capacitive touchscreen, 16M colors | OLED capacitive touchscreen, 16M colors | Fluid AMOLED capacitive touchscreen, 1B colors | Dynamic AMOLED capacitive touchscreen, 16M colors |
| Size | 6.5 inches, 102.9 cm2 (~83.7% screen-to-body ratio) | 6.58 inches, 105.2 cm2 (~91.6% screen-to-body ratio) | 6.78 inches, 111.7 cm2 (~90.8% screen-to-body ratio) | 6.8 inches, 114.0 cm2 (~91.0% screen-to-body ratio) |
| Resolution | 1242 x 2688 pixels, 19.5:9 ratio (~458 ppi density) | 1200 x 2640 pixels, 19.8:9 ratio (~441 ppi density) | 1440 x 3168 pixels, 19.8:9 ratio (~513 ppi density) | 1440 x 3040 pixels, 19:9 ratio (~498 ppi density) |
| Platform | ||||
| Chipset | 1242 x 2688 pixels, 19.5:9 ratio (~458 ppi density) | 1200 x 2640 pixels, 19.8:9 ratio (~441 ppi density) | 1440 x 3168 pixels, 19.8:9 ratio (~513 ppi density) | 1440 x 3040 pixels, 19:9 ratio (~498 ppi density) |
| CPU | Apple A13 Bionic (7 nm+) | Kirin 990 5G (7 nm+) | Qualcomm SM8250 Snapdragon 865 (7 nm+) | Exynos 9825 (7 nm) |
| GPU | Apple GPU | Mali-G76 MP16 | Adreno 650 | Mali-G76 MP12 |
| Memory | 64GB 4GB RAM, 256GB 4GB RAM, 512GB 4GB RAM | 128GB 8GB RAM, 256GB 8GB RAM, 512GB 8GB RAM | 128GB 8GB RAM, 256GB 12GB RAM | 256GB 12GB RAM, 512GB 12GB RAM |
| Camera | ||||
| Main camera |
12 MP, f/1.8, 26mm (wide), 1/2.55", 1.4µm, dual pixel PDAF, OIS 12 MP, f/2.0, 52mm (telephoto), 1/3.4", 1.0µm, PDAF, OIS, 2x optical zoom 12 MP, f/2.4, 13mm (ultrawide) |
50 MP, f/1.9, 23mm (wide), 1/1.28", 2.44µm, omnidirectional PDAF, OIS
12 MP, f/3.4, 125mm (periscope telephoto), PDAF, OIS, 5x optical zoom 40 MP, f/1.8, 18mm (ultrawide), 1/1.54", PDAF TOF 3D (depth) |
48 MP, f/1.8, 25mm (wide), 1/1.43", 1.12µm, omnidirectional PDAF, Laser AF, OIS
8 MP, f/2.4, (telephoto), 1/1.0µm, PDAF, OIS, 3x optical zoom 48 MP, f/2.2, 14mm, 116˚ (ultrawide), 1/2.0", 0.8µm, PDAF 5 MP, f/2.4 (depth) |
12 MP, f/1.5-2.4, 27mm (wide), 1/2.55", 1.4µm, Dual Pixel PDAF, OIS
12 MP, f/2.1, 52mm (telephoto), 1/3.6", 1.0µm, PDAF, OIS, 2x optical zoom 16 MP, f/2.2, 12mm (ultrawide), 1/3.1", 1.0µm, Super Steady video 0.3 MP, TOF 3D (depth) |
| Selfie camera |
12 MP, f/2.2, 23mm (wide) SL 3D, (depth/biometrics sensor) |
32 MP, f/2.2, 26mm (wide), 1/2.8", 0.8µm, AF IR TOF 3D, (depth/biometrics sensor) |
16 MP, f/2.5, (wide), 1/3", 1.0µm | 10 MP, f/2.2, 26mm (wide), 1/3", 1.22µm, Dual Pixel PDAF |
| Features | ||||
| Sensors | Face ID, accelerometer, gyro, proximity, compass, barometer | Infrared face recognition, fingerprint (under display, optical), accelerometer, gyro, proximity, compass, color spectrum | Fingerprint (under display, optical), accelerometer, gyro, proximity, compass | Fingerprint (under display, ultrasonic), accelerometer, gyro, proximity, compass, barometer |
| Other | Apple Pay (Visa, MasterCard, AMEX certified) | ⚊ | ⚊ | Samsung DeX (desktop experience support) |
| Battery | ||||
| Capacity | Non-removable Li-Ion 3969 mAh battery (15.04 Wh) | Non-removable Li-Po 4200 mAh battery | Non-removable Li-Po 4510 mAh battery | Non-removable Li-Ion 4300 mAh battery |


Please check the archives for a chronological listing of posts.
by Professor Whyse
on 2017-05-28
The permission and funds granted to the Athletics Department to build a new sports stadium where the Near Nether Woods now stands has been revoked. This permission was contingent on the athletes having an average GPA of at least 2.0 (“Morally competent, if not intellectually competent”). Unfortunately, the athletes have finished the year with an average GPA of 1.98, partially as a result of their misuse of Emptiness Field.
by Professor Whyse
on 2016-03-19
The Scoop is $25/year, and it offers all the cookies you can have. Mounds and mounds of them, baked by energetic graduates (or current students) trying to make a living—working on their novels or paintings or whatnot in the daytime, baking cookies in a semi-somnolent state in the evenings. They seem especially prone to laughter.
by Professor Whyse
on 2016-02-29
Fron has informed me that that today is a special day in the outside world called “leap day.”
by Professor Whyse
on 2016-02-26
Dave, the techie, has created glasses that filter out non-red light. Thus, looking at the snowfields outside, we see fields of red that make us want to vomit.
by Professor Whyse
on 2016-02-24
After my student, Fron, ran to my office excitedly yesterday evening, saying the weblog was up, I eagerly followed him to the computer lab.
by Professor Whyse
on 2016-02-22
In Philosophocle, the street is lined with cafes and snackeries. Each advertises a different atmosphere. The high-class Starset has individual tables, uniformed waiters with silver-star badges, mochas drawn in the shape of maidens, and hot chocolate in tall glasses with swirly chocolate straws. The crowd-pleasing Delites offers bubble tea, self-serve yogurt machines with toppings, and mochis in tantalizing rows beneath cartoon pictures of themselves, the color of their filling leaking through their faces like a soft blush.


Canucks erupt with 5 power-play goals in win over Nashville - Barriere Star Journal
by The Canadian PressVancouver ends three-game slide with 6-3 triumph over Predators
NASHVILLE — Bo Horvat scored one of Vancouver’s five power-play goals, and the Canucks beat the Nashville Predators 6-3 on Thursday night to stop a three-game slide.
The Canucks went 5-for-6 with the man advantage. Elias Pettersson had a goal and two assists, and Tyler Graovac, J.T. Miller and Brock Boeser also scored power-play goals before Tanner Pearson made it 6-3 with a short-handed goal with 2:02 remaining.
Nashville dropped its sixth consecutive game. Ryan Johansen, Calle Jarnkrok and Matt Duchene scored for the Predators, and Pekka Rinne made 12 saves on 17 shots before he was replaced by Juuse Saros.
READ MORE:
THE ASSOCIATED PRESS


Disables the mixed precision graph rewrite.
tf.compat.v1.train.experimental.disable_mixed_precision_graph_rewrite()
After this is called, the mixed precision graph rewrite will no longer run for
new Sessions, and so float32 operations will no longer be converted to float16
in such Sessions. However, any existing Sessions will continue to have the
graph rewrite enabled if they were created after
enable_mixed_precision_graph_rewrite
was called but before
disable_mixed_precision_graph_rewrite
was called.
This does not undo the effects of loss scaling. Any optimizers wrapped with a LossScaleOptimizer will continue to do loss scaling, although this loss scaling will no longer be useful if the optimizer is used in new Sessions, as the graph rewrite no longer converts the graph to use float16.
This function is useful for unit testing. A unit tests can test using the
mixed precision graph rewrite, then disable it so future unit tests continue
using float32. If this is done, unit tests should not share a single session,
as enable_mixed_precision_graph_rewrite
and
disable_mixed_precision_graph_rewrite
have no effect on existing sessions.


Okay. We’ll be working together on a project. Great. These are some things I’ll be looking out for -
Communication – I think every successful collaboration really boils down to communicating well. And this is something where our instincts can massively fail us. I’ve been a douche in the past in matters regarding communication. And i’ve learnt to be better. When in doubt, communicate. If you’re stuck on something you think is trivial, communicate. If you’re not enjoying what you’re doing, communicate. If you missed a milestone we agreed upon, communicate. If you want more time to run some analysis, communciate. If you think i’m being unreasonable about something … you get the drift. Effective communication can make or break a collaboration. And it is oddly against our instincts to have tough conversations, where either we’re coming off as being inadequate, or we’re pointing some shortcoming in someone else. But what works almost always is going ahead and actually communicating it. See an example below where I dwell on this point a little more.
Sincerity with your work – I find this important as well. Once you’ve decided to learn more and invest effort on some work, please start owning it. Do not expect to be followed up and parented on the progress you make. If you think you’re stuck, or are unable to appreciate and understand nuances, or are not motivated any more - read point 1. above. Communicate this as early as possible.
Please also read this note by Prof. Jason Eisner which concretizes how you can be sincere with your work.
Having said that, we could be perfectly well motivated but then shirk off work at times. That’s fine as well! We all tend to be lazy at times. Heck, I constantly struggle with it myself. The trick again is to convey - convey that you won’t be able to make progress on a given week (for whatever reason; I usually don’t care), and make sure you make up for it in subsequent weeks. If things are being constantly delayed, I’ll likely notice it and discuss with you what I’ve noticed.
You’ll notice, I didn’t list out skills like math, doing research (?), etc. Those skills can be learnt. It’s unlikely you will have these relevant skills if you are just starting off. That’s what a research project will teach you. However, if it’s a “strong personality”/ego/whatever that comes in your way of communicating and owning up when you’re stuck, clarifying a misunderstanding, or wanting to know more, then that’s unfortunate. That will make it all the more harder for you to learn new things while having fun. My goal is to see you morph into an independent researcher who can frame and tackle interesting problems (if you aren’t there already!). We will work to get you to ask the right questions, be critical of the work you read, and learn how systematic research is done. Oftentimes, all it requires is thinking carefully about breaking seemingly large problems into manageable chunks.
Additionally, and importantly, the purpose of writing out these points is not to talk you down and set out “ground rules” - the idea here is to share how I view this world, and what works for me. If you are intimidated by all these points, please refer to point 1 :-) I assure you my intention is well meaning than any thing else.
To drive home my point on the importance of communication, here’s a little story. I had a project partner on a research project we had agreed to work on. They had most likely over-committed themselves to this work, and likely did not have the time and bandwidth to carry through with it.
What would you do in such a situation?
My younger self would have ghosted me. That is, I would have gone into a shell and would not have wanted to have this uncomfortable conversation about my lapse in estimating my work load.
This is exactly what happened - they soon stopped responding to emails a couple of weeks into our project.
A consequence of this is they probably messed up a working relationship which could’ve matured and led to subsequent fruitful collaborations. But what’s worse is they derailed an existing plan of action that was set out for the project. By not communicating clearly, they had put the onus of figuring out whether they were involved or not on me. And that’s unfair to everyone involved.
Once the project had ended, I had a conversation with them explaining the situation. I reproduce here the email I wrote them before having a face to face meeting where we discussed these points. The purpose of reproducing it here is to share with you how I think about this situation.
Subject: Feedback on our project
hey
i wanted to share some feedback from our work over the course of our project.
while i share this feedback with you, i drop the hat of being a fellow student, and put on that of a manager having managed teams for a while in the industry and a slightly older colleague. i convey to you a sliver of my learning from being in similar situations before.
i think you handled communication poorly. there was an expectation of what each would pick up and work on. you seemed to have over-committed yourself to multiple other projects, which naturally made spending time on this hard. that’s perfectly understandable. however, the rookie mistake to do in such cases is to go into a shell, and not convey these critical bits of information to others involved. this, in my opinion, is where things generally begin to go horribly wrong.
in our case, we just knew you had this engagement XX. what we didn’t know was how much time you’d be able to spend on this project. this ought to have been clearly conveyed. even if this meant simply saying, in perhaps the first week of joining the group - “folks, i just don’t have time to do any heavy-lifting. given my situation, let’s work on defining something which i can perhaps put 10 hours into in total and achieve”. doing something like this would have dramatically changed the equation of how things worked out. instead, the approach that unfolded was you awkwardly just ignored confronting this aspect, expecting us to understand your situation and be accommodating.
here’s my take on the essentials of working in a group -
as disarmingly simple this above maxim seems, it is practiced by very few i know. this is unfortunately never taught to us formally, and we learn it through a rather bitter set of experiences.
but there’s a brighter side to this - everyone does this. i did it at some point. and it’s something we consciously can learn to undo.
i also understand that it might have been unsettling for you to have been involved in a project disconnected from your primary research interest, made worse by the rest throwing around jargon. having said that, i think the above points i share are disconnected to it. being in a situation where you’re the one with little background is totally expected in teams, and will likely happen to you again. what’s critical is being sincere in letting everyone know your constraints. (case in point - you’ll be surprised by the kind of dumb things i asked XX about javascript. it perhaps made me look like a genuine fool. i’ll live with that as long as work got done as expected.)
again, while i share this brief feedback with you, my point is not to undermine your effort or intention, or rub off a grudge for not being involved, or any such child-like emotion. in the larger scheme of things, the effort on this project doesn’t really matter.
what matters to me personally is you go on to be a great scientist and an engineer. and from what little i have seen, these things go a long way in making one, besides being just plain smart.
further, what i also have realized is that these little things are not often formally conveyed to folks, because of which they are oblivious of such shortcomings. it would do both, you and me, a disservice if i did not share this critical feedback with you and simply instead shied away from having this awkward interaction. it is very likely that you will be in a similar situation in the near future in some other team, where the nature of work may be much more critical than what it was in our case.
i’m not sure how XX feels about this. i encourage you to chat with them and understand their opinion.
i thought i should share with you my observations. i’d have ideally loved to do this face to face with you, but i have a hectic day today and tomorrow, and there’s only so much effect a delayed feedback has.
please let me know your thoughts. if you’re not a fan of typing out replies, i would love to meet and chat over a cup of coffee.
my best to you. shashank
If we have worked together, it is likely I’ll share this little questionnaire with you. This is for you to reflect on how you did, and what more you want of this experience. The point here is to be as painfully detailed as possible. Try to list out every little thing you can remember. This will help take stock of the big picture, and help us appreciate what you learnt, and what more we can do to improve your research experience.
Also, since you’ll be filling this up at the end of a term, make sure you log your work consistently to help you recollect these details. Let this not be a last-day exercise for you to fill up right before we meet to discuss this.


T
A
L
I
A
C
O
T
T
O
N
2 W 13th St
New York, NY
10011
UNITED STATES
4/26/19
9 am
LECTURE CORE
INTERACTION
STUDIO
Talia Cotton is a designer
and coder who specializes in
the intersection of brand
identities and technology.
Talia is currently leading
digital design, strategy and
development at The Original
Champions of Design.


Fade out elements before
they leave viewport
Another title here
More text here...
More text here...
More text here...
More text here...
More text here...
More text here...
More text here...
More text here...
More text here...
More text here...


Module 1 - Assignment 1
One
Two
Three
Four
Five
GitHub Practice
This is my master branch
This is in my test branch


Closure Mode for CoffeeScript
How We Got Here
The Closure Tools were created to make it easier to maintain large JavaScript codebases, leveraging organizational constructs such as type-checking and namespaces. However, in creating the Closure Library, it was decided that it must always be possible to run Library code as ordinary JavaScript, i.e., without any sort of processing step. Therefore, it was not permissible for the Library to be written in any sort of superset/alternate form of JavaScript that was not recognized natively by browsers. The only viable option was to include any metadata needed by the Closure Tools inside JavaScript comments. This made it possible to build a rich set of tools, though it resulted in verbose source code due to all of the annotations.
Previously, most other attempts to address the JavaScript tooling issue were to
use an existing programming language (that already had mature tools) and then
create a tool that translated that existing language into JavaScript. This was
the approach taken by the Google
Web Toolkit (GWT) and ocamljs,
among others.
The common problem with that approach is that there is inevitably an "impedence
mistmatch" between JavaScript and the language being translated into JavaScript.
For example, Java supports int
s and float
s whereas
JavaScript only has number
. Further, JavaScript has first-order
functions that are not available in Java, so it is not possible to use the full
language when limiting oneself to GWT.
Recently, more developers have come to embrace JavaScript and there is more interest in the advancement of the language. As such, creating new languages (such as CoffeeScript) that are designed from the outset to be translated into JavaScript eliminates the "impedence mismatch" problem from before while making it possible to experiment with new language features. Google's Traceur project is specifically designed to make it possible to experiment with future features of JavaScript in the browser today.
Therefore, rather than awkwardly adding metadata in the form of comments in
source code, a more elegant solution is to use a programming language with a
grammar that makes it possible to express that metadata directly. For example,
in Closure Library code, a constructor function is annotated with
@constructor
in a JSDoc comment, whereas in CoffeeScript, there is
explicit support for classes via a class
construct. This stronger
grammar makes it easier to generate the JavaScript with annotations for the
Closure Compiler, which is precisely the goal of Closure Mode for CoffeeScript.
Features of Closure Mode
This section enumerates the changes in JavaScript code generation when Closure Mode is used to generate JavaScript from CoffeeScript.Creating a Class
- A
goog.provide()
statement is automatically inserted for the class. -
Normally, when writing Closure Library code by hand, the name of a
class appears at least twice: once in a
goog.provide()
statement and again in the constructor function declaration. This results in repeated information that may get out of sync. Because a class is an official construct in CoffeeScript, the name of the class appears in only one place, so there is no possibility of inconsistency in the generated JavaScript. - JSDoc with a
@constructor
annotation is automatically inserted before the constructor function. - This ensures that if type-checking is enabled in the Closure Compiler, it will be able to recognize a constructor/class properly.
- JSDoc with an
@extends
annotation is automatically inserted before the constructor function. - This ensures that if type-checking is enabled in the Closure Compiler, it will be able to recognize a subclass relationship properly.
- The
goog.inherits()
call required for subclassing is automatically inserted after the constructor function. -
Normally,
CoffeeScript needs to insert two functions into the generated JavaScript in
order to establish the subclass relationship:
__extends()
and__hasProp()
. After inserting these functions and declaring the constructor function,__extends()
is called wheregoog.inherits()
is normally called in Closure Library code. Therefore, instead of declaring any new functions, Closure Mode simply callsgoog.inherits()
. -
super
calls in CoffeeScript are rewritten in a Library-appropriate way. -
The
__extends
function in CoffeeScript introduces a property named__super__
whereas thegoog.inherits
function in the Closure Library introduces a functionally equivalent property namedsuperClass_
. Both of these properties are used in calling superclass constructors and methods, so they need to be updated in Closure Mode, accordingly. - An
include
construct is introduced into the CoffeeScript grammar that producesgoog.require()
statements. -
In Closure Mode, the following line of CoffeeScript:
include goog.dom
becomes the following JavaScript:goog.require('goog.dom');
It is more analogous to theimport
statement in Python. (include
was chosen instead ofimport
becauseimport
is a reserved word in JavaScript, so it already has some special handling in CoffeeScript.) - An
include...as
construct is introduced into the CoffeeScript grammar that producesgoog.require()
statements. -
In Closure Mode, an
include
statement has an optionalas
clause that makes it possible to refer to the imported namespace via a shorthand. This is implemented such that it leverages goog.scope(), which is processed in a special way by the Closure Compiler in ScopedAliases.java. For example, the following line of CoffeeScript:include goog.array as arr
Becomes the following Closure Library code:goog.require('goog.array'); goog.scope(function() { var arr = goog.array; ; }); // close goog.scope()
Therefore, throughout the rest of the file, wherevergoog.array
would be used,arr
can be used as an alias instead. goog.provide()
andgoog.require()
statements are automatically sorted alphabetically in the generated JavaScript code.- This is not necessarily a big win, but it seemed like a nice touch!
Creating a Subclass
Expressing Dependencies
Future Work
Although Closure Mode makes it possible to write Closure-Compiler-friendly JavaScript, it does not yet support all of the annotations in the Closure Library. This section lists the high-priority features that need to be added.Type Information
For many, of the most compelling features of the Closure Compiler is its type-checker. Type-checking is only effective when the JavaScript being compiled is annotated with type information. There already appears to be some interesting work being done in this area, so perhaps the efforts of UberScript and Closure Mode can be combined.Enums
In Closure, an enum is simply an object literal whose values are treated as though they were enum values. Because these values are frequently inlined by the Compiler and the enum definition is removed during compilation, it is illegal to iterate over an enums values using thefor..in
operator
in JavaScript when code is compiled in Advanced mode. One alternative is to
add a method to the enum that returns an array of the values:
/** @enum {string} */ TrafficLight = { RED: '#ff0000', YELLOW: '#ffff00', GREEN: '#00ff00' }; TrafficLight.values = function() { return [TrafficLight.RED, TrafficLight.GREEN, TrafficLight.BLUE]; };Unfortunately, this method is tedious to maintain by hand because it must be kept in sync with the actual enum values. If
enum
were a recognized
construct like class
in CoffeeScript, then both the declaration and
the values()
method could be generated so they were guaranteed to
be in sync.
Utilities
Currently, Closure Mode focuses on converting classes effectively, but some Closure Library files are just collections of related utility functions (goog.array
, goog.string
, etc.). It should also be
possible to create these types of libraries efficiently in CoffeeScript.
Leveraging More Closure Library Built-ins
By default, array iterators in CoffeeScript are translated into verbosefor
loops (though they are admittedly more efficient in
terms of function calls):
# CoffeeScript alert note for note in ['do', 're', 'mi'] roots = (Math.sqrt num for num in [1, 4, 9])
// Generated JavaScript var note, num, roots, _i, _len, _ref; _ref = ['do', 're', 'mi']; for (_i = 0, _len = _ref.length; _i < _len; _i++) { note = _ref[_i]; alert(note); } roots = (function() { var _j, _len2, _ref2, _results; _ref2 = [1, 4, 9]; _results = []; for (_j = 0, _len2 = _ref2.length; _j < _len2; _j++) { num = _ref2[_j]; _results.push(Math.sqrt(num)); } return _results; })();In Closure Mode, the generated JavaScript would be more familiar to a Closure developer if it leveraged the existing
goog.array.forEach()
and
goog.array.map()
functions in the Closure Library:
goog.array.forEach(['do', 're', 'mi'], function(note) { alert(note); }); var roots = goog.array.map([1, 4, 9], function(num) { return Math.sqrt(num); });


Former Sri Lankan defense chief wins presidential vote
by The Associated PressCOLOMBO, Sri Lanka (AP) — Sri Lanka’s ruling party presidential candidate has conceded defeat to rival Gotabaya Rajapaksa in the Indian Ocean island nation’s election.
Housing Minister Sajith Premadasa says in a statement he will “honor the decision of the people” in polls Saturday favoring Rajapaksa, the civil war-era defense secretary who served under his brother, ex-President Mahinda Rajapaksa.
Rajapaksa spokesman Keheliya Rambukwella described the win as a “people’s victory.”
Rajapaksa reached the threshold for victory of 50% plus one vote by Sunday morning, with most of Premadasa’s electoral strongholds counted.
Sri Lanka’s Election Commission says that while gunmen had fired at a convoy of buses carrying Muslim voters in the country’s north hours before polling stations opened, the vote was largely peaceful.
The Associated Press


CMF_ROOT
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/public/../
APP_PATH
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/public/../app/
CMF_PATH
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/public/../simplewind/cmf/
WEB_ROOT
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/public/
PLUGINS_PATH
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/public/plugins/
EXTEND_PATH
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/public/../simplewind/extend/
VENDOR_PATH
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/public/../simplewind/vendor/
RUNTIME_PATH
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/public/../data/runtime/
THINKCMF_VERSION
5.0.190111
THINK_START_TIME
1551607638.1396
THINK_PATH
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/simplewind/thinkphp/
LIB_PATH
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/simplewind/thinkphp/library/
CORE_PATH
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/simplewind/thinkphp/library/think/
TRAIT_PATH
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/simplewind/thinkphp/library/traits/
ROOT_PATH
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/
LOG_PATH
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/public/../data/runtime/log/
CACHE_PATH
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/public/../data/runtime/cache/
TEMP_PATH
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/public/../data/runtime/temp/
CONF_PATH
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/public/../app/
HTMLPURIFIER_PREFIX
/Users/Dean/git/thinkcmf5/simplewind/vendor/ezyang/htmlpurifier/library
QINIU_FUNCTIONS_VERSION
7.2.7


Work Day Scheduler
A simple calendar app for scheduling your work day
9:00 AM
10:00 AM
11:00 AM
12:00 PM
1:00 PM
2:00 PM
3:00 PM
4:00 PM
5:00 PM


#include <control_flow_ops.h>
Makes its input available to the next iteration.
Arguments:
Returns:
Output
: The same tensor as data
.
Constructors and Destructors |
|
|---|---|
NextIteration(const ::tensorflow::Scope & scope, ::tensorflow::Input data)
|
Public attributes |
|
|---|---|
operation
|
|
output
|
Public functions |
|
|---|---|
node() const
|
::tensorflow::Node *
|
operator::tensorflow::Input() const
|
|
operator::tensorflow::Output() const
|
|
Operation operation
::tensorflow::Output output
NextIteration( const ::tensorflow::Scope & scope, ::tensorflow::Input data )
::tensorflow::Node * node() const
operator::tensorflow::Input() const
operator::tensorflow::Output() const


OPH Rescue
RescueRails is the public facing website for Operation Paws for Homes, as well as the private system used by the rescue for managing dogs, adopters and staff. I have contributed some to this project.
Hotel Reviews
A review site for hotels. Users can add, edit, delete hotel, and can rate hotels and leave an optional review. Admin users who can delete inappropriate material or users. It's written in Ruby on Rails.


Gitmbed v1.0.0 is in the Chrome Web Store! Download it there now!
A Chrome Extension for making and rendering embedded content in websites, with an emphasis on safety and a more inter-connected web!
A Chrome Extension for making and rendering embedded content in websites, with an emphasis on safety and a more inter-connected web!
Gitmbed is easy to use! All you have to do is download the extension, create a new gitmbed, and then add it to your post, profile, etc.
Gitmbed has a simple-setup via Instagram and GitHub. While using the extension, you can easily create new gitmbeds, which will be visible to anyone else with the extension!
With gitmbed, you can expect top-notch support, and guaranteed reliability. Because of the simplistic yet powerful approach gitmbed takes to its content, debugging is easy, and support is even-easier!