In this interactive, we will explore basic vector operations and their uses in graphics.
Assignment Goals:Instructions for you to follow in this document will be highlighted in blue.
Given two vectors and , their dot product is computed by taking the sum of the corresponding products of their elements:
So, for instance, to take the dot product of (1,2,3) and (4,5,6) we need to compute 1*4+2*5+3*6 = 32.Play around with the dot product at this Desmos interactive. You can click and drag the points to change the vectors (imagine there are vector arrows on the lines). What ways can you make the dot product larger? Smaller? Positive? Negative?
Starting with your orthographic/perspective projection code as a base, add a function vec_dot(v,w)
which takes in two arrays v and w (of whatever length) representing vectors and returns their dot product.
HINT: you can get the length of an array v with v.length
. You may assume both arrays are the same size, or pad the smaller one out with 0s so they are the same size.
vec_dot([-3,-4,-3],[5,-5,-5]) = 20
vec_dot([],[]) = 0
vec_dot([-3],[-2]) = 6
vec_dot([5,1,2,-3],[-3,0,-3,4]) = -33
vec_dot([-2],[1]) = -2
vec_dot([-5,-2,1],[5,-2,-4]) = -25
vec_dot([0],[-5]) = 0
vec_dot([4,-4,-5],[5,0,-1]) = 25
vec_dot([-4,-5],[2,3]) = -23
vec_dot([0,-5],[-5,-2]) = 10
vec_dot([1],[-4]) = -4
vec_dot([3,1],[-3,-2]) = -11
vec_dot([2,-1,-5],[-3,-1,2]) = -15
vec_dot([],[]) = 0
vec_dot([2,1,2],[5,-1,3]) = 15
vec_dot([5,-5,-4],[0,3,-2]) = -7
The power of the dot product is that with such a simple formula, we get the product of the geometric lengths of the two vectors times the cosine of the angle between them:
When dot producting a vector with itself, we get the geometric length of the vector squared:
Write a function vec_length(v)
that takes in an array v representing a vector and returns its geometric length as a vector.
Some tests:
vec_length([-2,-5]) = 5.385164807134504
vec_length([4,2,-5,2]) = 7
vec_length([4,1,-1]) = 4.242640687119285
vec_length([-3,1,1]) = 3.3166247903554
vec_length([-3,4,-2]) = 5.385164807134504
vec_length([-5,4,4]) = 7.54983443527075
vec_length([-1,-3,0]) = 3.1622776601683795
vec_length([0,-1,2]) = 2.23606797749979
vec_length([3,-5,-1]) = 5.916079783099616
vec_length([2,2]) = 2.8284271247461903
vec_length([2,-1]) = 2.23606797749979
vec_length([0,5]) = 5
vec_length([-4]) = 4
vec_length([-2,4]) = 4.47213595499958
vec_length([]) = 0
vec_length([4,3,-4]) = 6.4031242374328485
When the dot product of two nonzero vectors is zero, we know that is zero. What value of makes ?
Finally, we can work out the angle between two vectors using the inverse cosine.
Create a functionSome tests:vec_angle(v,w)
that takes two arrays v and w representing vectors and outputs the angle between them. You can calculate the arccos of a value withMath.acos
. Note that the answer should be in radians.
vec_angle([-2],[2]) = 3.141592653589793
vec_angle([-4,5],[-1,-2]) = 2.0032041023654346
vec_angle([-2,-2,1,-2],[0,4,5,2]) = 1.8644113058799612
vec_angle([4,-4,0],[-1,-1,-2]) = 1.5707963267948966
vec_angle([4,5],[0,2]) = 0.6747409422235525
vec_angle([-5,4],[3,1]) = 2.1451011569695986
vec_angle([],[]) = NaN
vec_angle([2],[3]) = 0
vec_angle([2,-3],[-3,0]) = 2.1587989303424644
vec_angle([-5,1,-4],[2,-3,-4]) = 1.484729872611871
vec_angle([-4,5,2,-4],[3,0,2,-4]) = 1.3794235250236024
vec_angle([-1],[3]) = 3.141592653589793
vec_angle([-4,-2,5],[4,-2,3]) = 1.4876550949064553
vec_angle([0,-2],[-4,-4]) = 0.7853981633974484
vec_angle([2,5,-4,-3],[-2,1,-4,5]) = 1.5306569313958542
vec_angle([3,-5,-4],[2,1,-3]) = 1.057152860382729
This lets us tell if two vectors are in the same direction or not! Two vector are pointing in the same general direction if their angle is between 0 and (90 degrees), and in generally the opposite directions if their angle is between (90 degrees) and (180 degrees).
Take a look at the graph of cos(x) on desmos. What's the difference between angles between 0 and pi/2 and between pi/2 and pi? How is this reflected in the dot product formula? Using this insight, write a vec_same_direction(v,w)
function that returns true or false depending on whether v and w are pointing in the same direction.
Some tests:
vec_same_direction([-3,5,1],[-4,-2,1]) = true
vec_same_direction([-3],[2]) = false
vec_same_direction([-3,1,0,3],[5,-3,2,-5]) = false
vec_same_direction([0],[-2]) = false
vec_same_direction([-2,-2],[0,1]) = false
vec_same_direction([1],[-5]) = false
vec_same_direction([-3,-4,-2],[-2,-1,0]) = true
vec_same_direction([3],[2]) = true
vec_same_direction([-1],[-4]) = true
vec_same_direction([0,-1,3],[1,1,-2]) = false
vec_same_direction([4,-5,3],[-2,-3,1]) = true
vec_same_direction([-4,1],[2,0]) = false
vec_same_direction([],[]) = false
vec_same_direction([1,-3,5],[-2,2,5]) = true
vec_same_direction([0,-2,0,-1],[1,5,-5,3]) = false
vec_same_direction([-2,-1,2],[3,-1,-5]) = false
Some resources for learning about dot products:
It's very useful to be able to talk about a vector pointing in a particular direction with length one. This lets us express a direction without specifying a magnitude.
Write a function vec_scale(a,v)
which takes in a vector v and outputs a new vector av, which is obtained by multiplying all of the entries of v by a.
Some tests:
vec_scale(-5,[3,3,-3]) = [-15,-15,15]
vec_scale(0,[-4,1,4]) = [0,0,0]
vec_scale(2,[2,-5]) = [4,-10]
vec_scale(-2,[5,-4,-1]) = [-10,8,2]
vec_scale(5,[0,1,5]) = [0,5,25]
vec_scale(4,[0,-4]) = [0,-16]
vec_scale(-3,[-2,-4]) = [6,12]
vec_scale(2,[3,4,-1]) = [6,8,-2]
vec_scale(-4,[2,4]) = [-8,-16]
vec_scale(2,[-4,0,-1]) = [-8,0,-2]
vec_scale(-2,[-1,-5,1]) = [2,10,-2]
vec_scale(2,[2,3]) = [4,6]
vec_scale(-1,[2,-2,4,0]) = [-2,2,-4,0]
vec_scale(-1,[4]) = [-4]
vec_scale(5,[3,-4,0]) = [15,-20,0]
vec_scale(1,[-2]) = [-2]
The vector av points in the same direction as v (the opposite direction if a is negative, or nowhere if a is 0), and has length a times the length of v.
Write a function vec_normalize(v)
which takes in a vector v and outputs a new vector which has the same direction as v, but has length 1. HINT: What do you need to multiply the length of v by to get 1?
Some tests:
vec_normalize([3,5,0]) = [0.5144957554275265,0.8574929257125441,0]
vec_normalize([-1]) = [-1]
vec_normalize([-4,5]) = [-0.6246950475544243,0.7808688094430304]
vec_normalize([5,2]) = [0.9284766908852593,0.3713906763541037]
vec_normalize([-3,-3,4]) = [-0.5144957554275265,-0.5144957554275265,0.6859943405700353]
vec_normalize([-5,3]) = [-0.8574929257125441,0.5144957554275265]
vec_normalize([-4,-1,4]) = [-0.6963106238227914,-0.17407765595569785,0.6963106238227914]
vec_normalize([-4,0,1]) = [-0.9701425001453319,0,0.24253562503633297]
vec_normalize([5,4]) = [0.7808688094430304,0.6246950475544243]
vec_normalize([4]) = [1]
vec_normalize([-3,-4,-5]) = [-0.4242640687119285,-0.565685424949238,-0.7071067811865475]
vec_normalize([1,2]) = [0.4472135954999579,0.8944271909999159]
vec_normalize([1,-5,-3]) = [0.1690308509457033,-0.8451542547285165,-0.50709255283711]
vec_normalize([4,-4,-2,5]) = [0.5121475197315839,-0.5121475197315839,-0.25607375986579195,0.6401843996644798]
vec_normalize([-1,3,1]) = [-0.30151134457776363,0.9045340337332909,0.30151134457776363]
vec_normalize([-5,2,-4,-1]) = [-0.7372097807744857,0.29488391230979427,-0.5897678246195885,-0.14744195615489714]
Another key application of the dot product is, given a vector u, take a vector v and break it apart as v_perpendicular + v_parallel, where v_parallel is in the same direction as u, and v_perpendicular is perpendicular to u. The dot product is handy here because we need to calculate . If the length of u is 1, this is the dot product, otherwise, we need to take the dot product divided by the length of u.
Write a function vec_parallel_component(v,u)
that calculates a vector of length in the direction of u.
Some tests:
vec_parallel_component([-2,-5],[5,-5]) = [1.4999999999999998,-1.4999999999999998]
vec_parallel_component([-5,4,3],[-4,1,2]) = [-5.714285714285715,1.4285714285714288,2.8571428571428577]
vec_parallel_component([0],[-2]) = [0]
vec_parallel_component([],[]) = []
vec_parallel_component([-1,-1,5],[0,-2,0]) = [0,-1,0]
vec_parallel_component([0,-3,-4],[-1,1,1]) = [2.3333333333333344,-2.3333333333333344,-2.3333333333333344]
vec_parallel_component([0,-1,0],[4,3,2]) = [-0.41379310344827586,-0.3103448275862069,-0.20689655172413793]
vec_parallel_component([2,-1,4,4],[-2,-2,-5,-3]) = [1.619047619047619,1.619047619047619,4.0476190476190474,2.4285714285714284]
vec_parallel_component([1,4,2],[-2,-3,2]) = [1.176470588235294,1.764705882352941,-1.176470588235294]
vec_parallel_component([-5,0,-2],[-4,-1,2]) = [-3.0476190476190483,-0.7619047619047621,1.5238095238095242]
vec_parallel_component([3],[-2]) = [3]
vec_parallel_component([-3],[-1]) = [-3]
vec_parallel_component([3,-1,1],[5,3,-3]) = [1.0465116279069768,0.627906976744186,-0.627906976744186]
vec_parallel_component([-4,-5,4],[3,-1,5]) = [1.114285714285714,-0.3714285714285713,1.8571428571428563]
vec_parallel_component([-4,0,-5],[-2,5,2]) = [0.12121212121212119,-0.303030303030303,-0.12121212121212119]
vec_parallel_component([3,1,2],[4,1,-3]) = [1.076923076923077,0.2692307692307693,-0.8076923076923078]
Write a functionSome tests:vec_perpendicular_component(v,u)
that calculates v-vec_parallel_component
vec_perpendicular_component([-3,-2,4],[3,3,0]) = [-0.49999999999999956,0.5000000000000004,4]
vec_perpendicular_component([-3,1],[-4,4]) = [-1.0000000000000004,-0.9999999999999996]
vec_perpendicular_component([4,-4],[-5,-1]) = [0.9230769230769225,-4.615384615384615]
vec_perpendicular_component([2,0,-2],[1,-5,1]) = [2,0,-2]
vec_perpendicular_component([-4,1],[-1,0]) = [0,1]
vec_perpendicular_component([-3,-3],[2,5]) = [-1.5517241379310345,0.6206896551724137]
vec_perpendicular_component([],[]) = []
vec_perpendicular_component([3,1],[-4,3]) = [1.5599999999999996,2.08]
vec_perpendicular_component([4,-5,-5],[-3,-5,-3]) = [5.953488372093023,-1.744186046511627,-3.0465116279069764]
vec_perpendicular_component([-5,4,-2],[5,5,3]) = [-4.067796610169491,4.932203389830509,-1.4406779661016946]
vec_perpendicular_component([5,3,-1],[2,1,1]) = [0.9999999999999991,0.9999999999999996,-3.0000000000000004]
vec_perpendicular_component([1,-5],[-1,0]) = [0,-5]
vec_perpendicular_component([-1,-4],[2,5]) = [0.517241379310345,-0.20689655172413746]
vec_perpendicular_component([4,1,1],[0,2,5]) = [4,0.5172413793103449,-0.2068965517241379]
vec_perpendicular_component([-2,2,-3,2],[-2,3,-3,4]) = [-0.5789473684210524,-0.13157894736842124,-0.8684210526315788,-0.8421052631578951]
vec_perpendicular_component([1,-2,-5],[-1,-4,4]) = [0.606060606060606,-3.575757575757576,-3.424242424242424]
These functions are very useful for reflections (v_perpendicular stays the same, v_parallel gets negated), both of light and of physics objects. Freya Holmer has a lecture about using this to create physically correct sounds.
Note that you can describe a line or a plane as the set of all points whose projection onto a given vector is a specific length. You can play around with this in 2d in Desmos here or in 3d in Geogebra here (move the slider to progress the derivation). These are related to the ax+by=c and ax+by+cz=d equations for lines and planes.
Write a function vec_add(v,w)
that returns v+w where v and w are arrays representing vectors.
Some tests:
vec_add([-4,0,3],[-2,-5,-2]) = [-6,-5,1]
vec_add([-2,1,-4],[-4,-5,3]) = [-6,-4,-1]
vec_add([-5,-3],[2,4]) = [-3,1]
vec_add([3,2],[2,-1]) = [5,1]
vec_add([-1,3,-1],[2,-2,1]) = [1,1,0]
vec_add([3,0],[5,4]) = [8,4]
vec_add([-5],[-5]) = [-10]
vec_add([2,-3,-3],[5,3,4]) = [7,0,1]
vec_add([-3],[-1]) = [-4]
vec_add([2,-3],[-2,3]) = [0,0]
vec_add([1,4],[0,-5]) = [1,-1]
vec_add([5],[3]) = [8]
vec_add([-3,-5,4],[-1,-3,4]) = [-4,-8,8]
vec_add([0],[3]) = [3]
vec_add([5,-5,-3],[-2,4,-1]) = [3,-1,-4]
vec_add([2,-2],[-4,4]) = [-2,2]
Write a function vec_combination(a,v,b,w)
that returns av+bw where v and w are arrays representing vectors.
Some tests:
vec_combination(-1,[-1],-2,[2]) = [-3]
vec_combination(0,[-3,3],0,[5,-2]) = [0,0]
vec_combination(-1,[5,-2,-3],2,[-5,-1,1]) = [-15,0,5]
vec_combination(2,[4,0,2],-1,[-5,-4,-3]) = [13,4,7]
vec_combination(5,[3,-2],-5,[0,5]) = [15,-35]
vec_combination(-3,[-3,4,1],3,[-3,-2,-3]) = [0,-18,-12]
vec_combination(5,[1],3,[-3]) = [-4]
vec_combination(-1,[1],-5,[0]) = [-1]
vec_combination(3,[0,-3],4,[5,3]) = [20,3]
vec_combination(3,[-1,-2,3,-3],4,[5,1,-2,4]) = [17,-2,1,7]
vec_combination(4,[-2,0],-3,[-2,-2]) = [-2,6]
vec_combination(-1,[-2,5,2],-2,[-5,3,0]) = [12,-11,-2]
vec_combination(4,[2,-1,2],-4,[0,4,1]) = [8,-20,4]
vec_combination(5,[-3,4],-3,[-1,5]) = [-12,5]
vec_combination(-4,[0,-3,-3],-1,[2,5,1]) = [-2,7,11]
vec_combination(-2,[-3,-5],-1,[-1,3]) = [7,7]
Write a function vec_triple_combination(a,v,b,w,c,u)
that returns av+bw+cu where u, v and w are arrays representing vectors.
Some tests:
vec_triple_combination(-5,[4],-4,[5],1,[3]) = [-37]
vec_triple_combination(-2,[0,-1,2],4,[5,-4,-2],5,[1,-1,-2]) = [25,-19,-22]
vec_triple_combination(-2,[-3,4,2,-4],1,[-4,-5,0,5],0,[3,1,0,-3]) = [2,-13,-4,13]
vec_triple_combination(3,[-4,3,5],5,[5,3,-5],-1,[-1,1,4]) = [14,23,-14]
vec_triple_combination(2,[],4,[],2,[]) = []
vec_triple_combination(-1,[0,-5],-3,[-3,3],5,[-3,-4]) = [-6,-24]
vec_triple_combination(2,[-5],0,[2],5,[-4]) = [-30]
vec_triple_combination(-1,[1,-4],-1,[1,2],-5,[-2,2]) = [8,-8]
vec_triple_combination(5,[3,0],1,[0,1],-1,[4,-3]) = [11,4]
vec_triple_combination(0,[-1],5,[-3],5,[-5]) = [-40]
vec_triple_combination(-1,[4,5,0],1,[-2,3,-1],-1,[-5,-4,-2]) = [-1,2,1]
vec_triple_combination(2,[2,-1,0],0,[4,2,5],1,[1,2,-3]) = [5,0,-3]
vec_triple_combination(5,[0,-3],-2,[-2,1],0,[-3,4]) = [4,-17]
vec_triple_combination(0,[-2,-5,-4],-1,[5,-1,0],0,[0,0,-4]) = [-5,1,0]
vec_triple_combination(1,[-5,-1],1,[-2,4],-4,[3,-3]) = [-19,15]
vec_triple_combination(-2,[-3,-4],1,[1,5],-1,[-1,2]) = [8,11]
BONUS: use the rest parameter feature of Javascript to implement a version of vec_combination
that can take as many pairs of inputs as you want and calculates the appropriate linear combination. E.g. vec_combination(a,v,b,w,c,z,d,x)
computes av+bw+cz+dx. To get you started, the code below calculates the product of its inputs:
function long_product(...L) {
var i;
var return_value = 1;
for (i = 0; i < L.length; i++) {
return_value *= L[i];
}
return(return_value);
}
Given a vector v, we often find ourselves wanting to find a vector perpendicular to it. In 2d, there are essentially two possible vectors perpendicular to the vector (x,y): (-y,x) and (y,-x), as well as all scalar multiples of them. Use the dot product to verify that these vectors are perpendicular.
Create a function vec_2d_perpendicular(v)
which takes in an array v representing a 2d vector, and returns a vector perpendicular to it.
Create a function draw_arrow(A,B)
which takes in two points (in canvas coordinates) and draws an arrow from A to B, as shown below:
The tricky part of this is to locate the points C and D. I recommend having the length of the blue lines in the image be the same, and have them be some fixed distance, like 10 pixels.
You can locate the point C by:BONUS: if the vector from A to B is really short, the arrowhead will look disproportionately long. Add in a check to see if the vector from A to B is less than a certain length, in which case, scale down the arrowhead.
The problem of finding perpendicular vectors in 3 dimensions is actually harder than in 2 because there are so many options! In fact, the set of perpendicular vectors to a given vector v forms a two dimensional plane through the origin! You can visualize this plane in Geogebra here by dragging around the endpoint of the vector.
Finding perpendicular vectors is a key tool for:
Given a vector v = (v[0],v[1],v[2]), write function vec_first_perpendicular(v)
which returns a nonzero vector which is perpendicular to v and has z component 0.
Once we have two vectors in three dimensions, we can find a third vector which is perpendicular to both using the vector cross product.
Given two 3D vectors v and w, their cross product v × w is a vector:
Given two vectors and , their cross product is
Note: the vector has been written vertically for clarity.
Create a vec_cross(v,w)
function which returns the cross product of v and w.
Some tests:
vec_cross([-2,-1,-5],[-4,-5,3]) = [-28,26,6]
vec_cross([5,3,0],[-4,-3,4]) = [12,-20,-3]
vec_cross([3,5,-1],[4,-1,-4]) = [-21,8,-23]
vec_cross([2,-5,5],[0,-1,4]) = [-15,-8,-2]
vec_cross([0,2,-3],[4,-5,5]) = [-5,-12,-8]
vec_cross([-4,-4,1],[-2,3,-5]) = [17,-22,-20]
vec_cross([-2,-1,-1],[4,-1,3]) = [-4,2,6]
vec_cross([5,2,4],[5,-4,3]) = [22,5,-30]
vec_cross([4,-4,2],[-2,3,2]) = [-14,-12,4]
vec_cross([-5,-2,3],[-5,-4,4]) = [4,5,10]
vec_cross([-3,-4,-3],[0,-4,3]) = [-24,9,12]
vec_cross([-4,5,-5],[2,0,-3]) = [-15,-22,-10]
vec_cross([2,-4,2],[-3,-5,0]) = [10,-6,-22]
vec_cross([0,2,-3],[-2,4,3]) = [18,6,4]
vec_cross([-1,4,5],[5,3,4]) = [1,29,-23]
vec_cross([0,-2,1],[3,-3,2]) = [-1,3,6]
Some resources for learning about cross products:
Create a function vec_triangle_area(A,B,C)
which returns the area of the triangle between points in three dimensional space A, B, and C. You can get two vectors representing the sides of the triangle by computing B-A and C-A, and then compute the area of the triangle by taking half the cross product.
Some tests:
vec_triangle_area([-5,-2,-1],[-3,-4,0],[3,0,1]) = 10.63014581273465
vec_triangle_area([2,3,-3],[0,1,5],[3,-4,0]) = 27.16615541441225
vec_triangle_area([5,-4,-4],[-1,-4,-2],[-2,-3,-4]) = 7.681145747868608
vec_triangle_area([0,3,5],[3,3,2],[-3,1,3]) = 8.616843969807043
vec_triangle_area([2,-1,-4],[-5,-5,5],[3,-5,5]) = 39.395431207184416
vec_triangle_area([5,1,0],[3,0,-4],[3,-4,-3]) = 9.447221813845593
vec_triangle_area([3,4,2],[-1,-3,5],[0,2,-1]) = 18.296174463531987
vec_triangle_area([-1,-1,3],[-2,-2,3],[-1,-3,-1]) = 3
vec_triangle_area([0,-2,-5],[-2,-1,-5],[4,-5,1]) = 6.782329983125268
vec_triangle_area([-4,3,5],[3,3,-2],[5,-5,1]) = 43.292609068985435
vec_triangle_area([1,2,2],[2,1,1],[-4,2,4]) = 3.082207001484488
vec_triangle_area([-1,3,3],[4,5,0],[-4,-5,-2]) = 29.444863728670914
vec_triangle_area([-3,2,2],[5,1,3],[3,-4,0]) = 24.041630560342615
vec_triangle_area([2,5,1],[4,-5,1],[3,-1,-3]) = 20.42057785666214
vec_triangle_area([3,1,3],[4,-5,-1],[2,-5,4]) = 16.224980739587952
vec_triangle_area([5,-2,4],[3,4,3],[3,5,3]) = 1.118033988749895
Create a function vec_triangle_normal(A,B,C)
function which returns a vector perpendicular to the triangle between points in three dimensional space A, B, and C.
Some tests:
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([-2,4,1],[-1,-5,5],[1,-2,3]), [6,10,21]) = 0Note: if all the angles are working out to pi, your triangles are oriented according to the left-hand rule. You can fix this by switching the order in your cross product. Some 3d engines (including Unity and Unreal) use a left-handed system. Always check what kind of system you're using!
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([-3,-4,-1],[-4,-4,-2],[-1,5,1]), [9,0,-9]) = 0
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([-4,-1,5],[5,3,-2],[4,1,-3]), [-18,16,-14]) = 0
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([-2,-1,5],[-4,-2,4],[-1,-1,0]), [5,-11,1]) = 0
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([0,-5,-2],[1,5,2],[3,-2,2]), [28,8,-27]) = 0
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([-2,-2,3],[3,1,3],[-1,1,5]), [6,-10,12]) = 0
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([-3,-3,-4],[2,-3,1],[-1,0,3]), [-15,-25,15]) = 0
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([-4,0,1],[5,3,0],[-3,5,2]), [8,-10,42]) = 0
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([2,-5,-3],[3,4,-3],[0,-4,1]), [36,-4,19]) = 0
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([4,-1,-3],[1,-1,-5],[0,-2,2]), [-2,23,3]) = 0
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([4,-2,-5],[-2,-2,5],[-1,1,1]), [-30,-14,-18]) = 0
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([-2,2,-5],[-4,2,-2],[0,-1,1]), [9,18,6]) = 0
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([-1,-1,5],[-3,4,3],[0,0,0]), [-23,-12,-7]) = 0
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([2,5,0],[4,-4,4],[2,2,-1]), [21,2,-6]) = 0
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([0,2,-2],[4,-5,-3],[0,-1,1]), [-24,-12,-12]) = 0
vec_angle(vec_triangle_normal([-4,-1,3],[2,3,-1],[3,-5,-5]), [-48,20,-52]) = 0
Create a function draw_cross()
which does the following:
<input type="number" id="v0" value=1 oninput="draw_cross()"><br>
<input type="number" id="v1" value=1 oninput="draw_cross()"><br>
<input type="number" id="v2" value=1 oninput="draw_cross()">
var v0 = Number(document.getElementById("v0").value);
var v1 = Number(document.getElementById("v1").value);
var v2 = Number(document.getElementById("v2").value);
var v = [v0,v1,v2];
vec_first_perpendicular
vn, un, wn
which are normalized (unit length) versions of v, u, and w.
vnp, unp, wnp, vp, op
which are versions of vn, un, wn, v, and o that have been projected from 3d model space to canvas space using the function:
function space_to_canvas(v) {Use your
var xrot = Number(document.getElementById("xrot").value);
var yrot = Number(document.getElementById("yrot").value);
var v3v = new THREE.Vector3(v[0],v[1],v[2]);
v3v.applyMatrix3(rotation_matrix_x(xrot));
v3v.applyMatrix3(rotation_matrix_y(yrot));
return([convert_a_to_b(v3v.x,-5,5,0,500),convert_a_to_b(v3v.y,-5,5,500,0)]);
}
draw_arrow
function to draw arrows:
ctx.strokeStyle
if you want.
When we look at a vector like bunverts[0] = [0.45, -2.75, 4.6]
, it's describing a linear combination that gives us a location in three dimensional space. Specifically, if e0 = (1,0,0), e1 = (0,1,0), and e2 = (0,0,1), then this point is .45*e0 - 2.75*e1 + 4.6*e2. But we can recycle that linear combination with other basis vectors to produce a bunny that has been rotated!
Add to your draw_cross
function code which does the following:
for (i = 0; i < bunverts.length; i++)
bv = vec_triple_combination(bunverts[i][0],vn,bunverts[i][1],wn,bunverts[i][2],un)
bvp
from bv by applying space_to_canvas
from before.
ctx.beginPath();You can read more about the ctx.arc function at the MDN page.
ctx.arc(bvp[0],bvp[1],3,0,2*Math.PI);
ctx.fill();
This is what happens when we put together a 3d scene: each object in the scene has their own coordinate space (axes) which is translated, rotated and otherwise transformed. To work out where a point in the model goes, we construct the appropriate combination of the axis vectors and translate.
Freya Holmer has a lecture on spaces here. You can also see the axes of a scene full of models, lights, and a camera below:
Add the following code to your draw_cross
function:
for (i = 0; i < bunfaces.length; i++) {We can also take weighted averages of the corners of a triangle to get other positions within the triangle. These weighted averages are called affine combinations: linear combinations where the coefficients add up to 1.
var bfc = vec_triple_combination(1/3,bunverts[bunfaces[i][0]],1/3,bunverts[bunfaces[i][1]],1/3,bunverts[bunfaces[i][2]]);
var bfcp = space_to_canvas(vec_triple_combination(bfc[0],vn,bfc[1],wn,bfc[2],un))
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.arc(bfcp[0],bfcp[1],3,0,2*Math.PI);
ctx.fill();
}
Add to your draw_cross
function code which does the following:
vec_triple_combination
space_to_canvas
ctx.arc
, as above.
Note: there may be a strange dent in your triangle caused by floating point errors.
You can get a higher resolution set of vertices of the stanford bunny (with still only a fraction of the vertices of the full model!) at https://trkern.github.io/assignments/bunverts_medium.txt. Note that the placement and scale of this model are different.


Go to the source code of this file.
|
|
int | vc::my_round (const unsigned type, const float value) |
| |
| float | vc::computeTrilinearInterpolatedValue (std::vector< float > const &grid, std::vector< unsigned > const &dim, Vector3f const &gridPosition) |
| | computeTrilinearInterpolatedValue Compute an interpolated value at the position, considering the grid More...
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| |
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int | vc::getSign (const float value) |
| |
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float | vc::k (const float x, const float dirX, const float dimV) |
| |
|
float | vc::k2 (const float x, const float dirX) |
| |
| float | vc::getValueFromSegment (std::vector< float > const &grid, std::vector< unsigned > const &dim, Vector3f const &p1, Vector3f const &p2) |
| | getValueFromSegment Compute the value along a segment More...
|
| |
| void | vc::compareFA (std::vector< std::vector< Vector3f >> const &fibers1, std::vector< std::vector< Vector3f >> const &fibers2, const string &faFilename) |
| | compareFA Function to compare the FA values and display the results More...
|
| |
◆ compareFA()
| void vc::compareFA |
( |
std::vector< std::vector< Vector3f >> const & |
fibers1, |
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std::vector< std::vector< Vector3f >> const & |
fibers2, |
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const string & |
faFilename |
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) |
| |
compareFA Function to compare the FA values and display the results
- Parameters
-
| fibers1 | First set of fibers |
| fibers2 | Second set of fibers |
| faFilename | FA file to use for FA computation |
◆ computeTrilinearInterpolatedValue()
| float vc::computeTrilinearInterpolatedValue |
( |
std::vector< float > const & |
grid, |
|
|
std::vector< unsigned > const & |
dim, |
|
|
Vector3f const & |
gridPosition |
|
) |
| |
computeTrilinearInterpolatedValue Compute an interpolated value at the position, considering the grid
- Parameters
-
| grid | Grid to consider for the interpolated value |
| dim | Dimension of the grid |
| gridPosition | Position at which to compute the interpolated value |
- Returns
- Return the computed value
◆ getValueFromSegment()
| float vc::getValueFromSegment |
( |
std::vector< float > const & |
grid, |
|
|
std::vector< unsigned > const & |
dim, |
|
|
Vector3f const & |
p1, |
|
|
Vector3f const & |
p2 |
|
) |
| |
getValueFromSegment Compute the value along a segment
- Parameters
-
| grid | Grid to consider |
| dim | Dimensions of the grid |
| p1 | First point of the segment |
| p2 | Second point of the segment |
- Returns
- Return the value of the segment


You have a general idea of Machine Learning through our ML 101 page, right?
In this page, we will explore real application examples of machine learning! Today, the adoption of machine-learning methods can be found throughout science, technology, commerce, and even art, leading to more evidence-based decision-making across many walks of life. Among these various fields, we will focus on introducing the cases of machine learning in finance, art, and healthcare.


|
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run(fail_on_error=True)
Execute a single pass on all the accounts that have sword activated and process all of their
notifications since the last time their account was synchronised, until now |
source code
|
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process_account(acc)
Retrieve the notifications in JPER associated with this account and relay them on to their sword-enabled repository |
source code
|
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|
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|
|
|
metadata_deposit(note,
acc,
deposit_record,
complete=False)
Deposit the metadata from the notification in the target repository |
source code
|
|
|
|
package_deposit(receipt,
file_handle,
packaging,
acc,
deposit_record)
Deposit the binary package content to the target repository |
source code
|
|
|
|
complete_deposit(receipt,
acc,
deposit_record)
Issue a "complete" request against the repository, to indicate that no further files are coming |
source code
|
|


ngx-smart-modal
provides built-in SCSS variables that you can override easily like it (assuming you
imported ngx-smart-modal.scss as explained above):
{{ CODES?.SCSS_IMPORT }}
{{ variable?.defaultValue }}
ngx-smart-modal
can understand several built-in classes to open differently with a sexy effect:
customClass
option (see below) but you also can define your own
class names with dedicated effect and pass them to customClass
!
{{ class?.name }}


What is the delay when producing sound in WebAudio, until it is picked up in an AudioWorklet?
click to prepare the audio context and sources etcetera.
possibly adjust the frequency: , the analyser minDb and maxDb
Make sure the analyser has a clear peak, the cutoff is 70%
Alternate between and in order to measure the time between stopping/starting the production of sound and the time of detecting the sound.
The targetFrequency is measured to be at index .
AudioContext latencies:
Detect silence after mute:
Detect noise after unmute:


PBOC’s Yi: PBOC to continue to strengthen counter-cyclical adjustment, increase credit support
by Dhwani MehtaWhile speaking at a meeting on Tuesday, the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) Governor Yi Gang made the following comments, as cited by Reuters.
The PBOC will continue to strengthen counter-cyclical adjustment and increase credit support to the real economy as it seeks to stabilize economic growth.
The central bank would also guide real lending interest rates lower and promote the replenishment of bank capital.
Earlier today, the PBOC cut the one-year Loan Prime Rate (LPR) 5 bps to 4.15% while lowering the five-year LPR to 4.80% from the previous 4.85%.


I am a Software Engineer who strives to provide useful tools to better the world around me. I started programming in middle school, starting with simple C++ programs and designing websites for hobbies of mine. During the week, I work full-time as a developer for a investment analytic software company and on weekends, I try to explore the world around me through hiking, festivals or going with friends to new places. When a weekend doesn't suffice, I strive to fly around the world, learning about diverse cultures and people.
An important factor for me in my career is that I want to know that what I work on is helping the world in some way. While I love attending festivals and having fun in down time, programming takes up a large portion of my day-to-day life, so I want to ensure it's something I can feel good about.


Generates an RandomUnsigned Integer Limit to be used by the RandomUnsignedInteger to generate Random Values in the limit specified by this object.
More...
#include <limits.hpp>
|
| | RandomUnsignedIntegerLimit (std::initializer_list< unsigned long long > llmt) |
| | Construct a new Random Unsigned Integer Limit object. More...
|
| |
| | RandomUnsignedIntegerLimit (unsigned long long upper, unsigned long long lower) |
| | Construct a new Random Unsigned Integer Limit object. More...
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| |
| | BaseLimitProperties (unsigned long long lower, unsigned long long upper) |
| | Construct a new Base Limit Properties object. More...
|
| |
| void | add_interval_exception (std::pair< unsigned long long, unsigned long long > interval) |
| | Adds a interval exception in between the limit say. Original Limit are [a, b) and you want to skip some intervals in between say [c,d) such that c >= a and d < b then you would call this method with std::pair<c,d> More...
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| |
| bool | valid_output (unsigned long long out) const |
| | checks if a value produced T is a valid as per the limit constraints with exception internals in mind. More...
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| |
| unsigned long long | actual_limit_size () |
| | The limit size after excluding all the exceptions in between them. More...
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| |
Generates an RandomUnsigned Integer Limit to be used by the RandomUnsignedInteger to generate Random Values in the limit specified by this object.
◆ RandomUnsignedIntegerLimit() [1/2]
| testcaser::maker::RandomUnsignedIntegerLimit::RandomUnsignedIntegerLimit |
( |
std::initializer_list< unsigned long long > |
llmt | ) |
|
|
inline |
Construct a new Random Unsigned Integer Limit object.
- Parameters
-
◆ RandomUnsignedIntegerLimit() [2/2]
| testcaser::maker::RandomUnsignedIntegerLimit::RandomUnsignedIntegerLimit |
( |
unsigned long long |
upper, |
|
|
unsigned long long |
lower |
|
) |
| |
|
inlineexplicit |
Construct a new Random Unsigned Integer Limit object.
- Parameters
-
| upper | the upper bound of the limit (not included) |
| lower | the lower bound of the limit (included) |
The documentation for this struct was generated from the following file:


Privacy Policy
- General information
- Hi, and thanks for visiting art.kiwiinfo.com Privacy Policy.
- Information Collection, Use, and Sharing
-
We are the sole owners of the information collected on this site. We only have access to collect information that you voluntarily give us via email or other direct contact from you. We will not sell or rent this information to anyone.
We will use your information to respond to you, regarding the reason you contacted us. We will not share your information with any third party outside of our organization, other than as necessary to fulfill your request, e.g. to ship an order.
Unless you ask us not to, we may contact you via email in the future to tell you about specials, new products or services, or changes to this privacy policy.
- Contact Us
-
If you have any questions or suggestions about my Privacy Policy, do not hesitate to contact
me.


Go to mcdlr homepage
Fork me on Github!
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1
to
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I honestly cannot say I would recommend this experience to everyone. This is not for the faint of heart. It’s impossible to have completely prepared myself for the shock of stepping outside the program and glimpsing the intricate and vast circuitry of the cosmic machine. This was the most difficult experience of my life, but also the most gratifying. Imagine falling in love, conceiving and being conceived, giving birth and being birthed all on a cosmic scale and all in one evening. Anyway, read on dear friend, for the grand adventure awaits.
T+0:00 - I dosed with 5.3 gram at a little after 8:30pm on a Monday. I had not eaten in some eight hours. As McKenna suggests, I did my best to clear my conscience. Fortunately, things had recently calmed down in my life after a period of severe upheaval. This had a lot to do with why I was so driven to do the “heroic dose.” I wanted to get another one under my belt before any other unforeseen travesties should occur. Also, I was hoping for a bit of healing or reassurance. I know ayahuasca would probably have been better for that, but I also like the matrix of information the mushroom tends to drop one into.
Anyway, after clearing my head I tidied up a little and got my silent, dark room readied with headphones, blanket, pillows, and cigarettes. Then I took a hot bath. I find this helps ease me into the severe boundary dissolution of the psilocybin trance. It also helps combat the chill. During the bath I got the first alerts. My limbs began to take on a strange jelly-like quality and there was a sense of something large looming on the horizon of my consciousness. I carefully exited the tub and dried off. By the time I was dressed, the walls were trembling, and I chanced to smoke one last cigarette while I still knew how.
T+0:45 - After extinguishing the cigarette, I shut off the light and lay down on the bed. The visions began almost instantly. I prayed to the mushroom that the experience be as painless as possible. I decided Bach’s 5th Brandenburg Concerto might be an interesting way to ease into the trip. It was, of course, awesome, but by the time it was over the first wave had passed. Taking stock of the situation, I noticed that “I” was still there, and the visions were fading fast. Odd. I tried to figure it out. The last time I did a “heroic dose” I couldn’t even remember my name. Perhaps these mushrooms were less than premium. Could it be my vitamin regimen? Losing patience and against my better judgment, I got up and wandered around the apartment.
In the dim light of the living room I assessed the intensity of my visions to be somewhere in the 3 gram range. But everything was still shimmering with beauty and meaning. I have to admit I felt some relief. I decided I had to go outside and check out the night sky. Outside I gazed in wonder at the stars and trees. Astonishing beauty. Finishing my cigarette and somewhat afraid that someone might come along and try to converse with me, I head back inside where I poured over a book of impressionist art (which was somewhat unimpressive) and then a volume of Escher. I laughed and cried over the intricate brilliance of his work. It was here that I first took notice of the high-pitch, repetitive, electronic noise in my head. I ignored it with some success.
T+1:30 - Somewhere about half way through the Escher, I noticed that the patterns in the works were extending off the page to cover the walls and floor of the room. Suddenly I was overwhelmed. The second wave was hitting. This was it. Unable to cope with the sensory overload, I retired back into the dark, silent bedroom. In the darkness I was swimming in some sort of primordial, amniotic ocean. Translucent jellyfish like creatures swam within the field of my awareness. Their florescent tentacles reached out in reassurance. However, I was having difficulty allowing myself to be reassured.
At this point things took on a new character. I could not tell whether my eyes where open or shut and soon there was no “I” at all. For the sake of clarity I will continue to use “I,” but keep in mind that this is misleading. There was only a sense of raw awareness. I was overwhelmed. I was evacuating my body. It was all I could do to keep breathing. In. Out. In. Out. Just keep breathing. I was being drawn out into the cosmic stream of energy. I was a breaker in a circuit. The flow of energy was so great I had to let go of everything; my body, my identity, language, and everything about the world I knew in order to keep from burning out. Let go. Breathe. Just let it flow.
Then a bubble of cognition rose to the surface of my consciousness. Sing! McKenna had said that when he gets into a tight spot he sings. I began by intoning an “Om” sound. This quickly mutated into a simple, but satisfying little tune that I sang to myself for hours on end. I was pure undefined being, and I was vibrating with the sound of my own energy. All around me I could sense other beings singing their own little cosmic songs. There were strands of DNA, photons, and electrons all humming with the information of their individualized frequencies. We were singing to each other. I then understood why tone and music were so basic to the human experience. All being sang with the frequency of its energy. Presences floated by. I met them, recognized them and we sang our songs to each other.
This went on for several eternities. I was so grateful I was weeping, and I concentrated all the energy of my being on expressing this gratitude. I radiated pure, unadulterated Love, and I was thus bathed in Love manifold. My being glowed with the healing warmth of divine Love.
T+?:?? - Gradually, there was a change. I could sense myself dropping down slowly through levels of energy, each one less excited that the last. There was a sense of being draw out of a vast ocean of potential. I had been selected for the “formality of actually occurring.” Eventually, my energy began to take form in matter. I was being conceived. Bit by bit, the world became Englishable. I could feel the earth beneath me, cradling me, my mother.
The metaphor of birth is endlessly applicable. Were it not for this concept, I very well may have flipped out. In waves my bodily awareness began to come back to me. I was an infant. The world began to form around me. Words floated into my head, and I would attach meaning to them as best I could.  Words were my chisel. The form was the world.
A painless birth requires patience and the absolute ability to let go. I waited and when overwhelmed, I sang. I sang myself into existence. I was the mother, the midwife, and the child. I was never alone. There was always a presence of sorts watching over the scene, silently informing my intuition. I had absolute trust in the process. I had no choice.
T+?:?? - After a while, I was able to get up and urinate. I sat in the living room with my eyes shut, smoking a cigarette and humming to myself. This must be why old people hum to themselves. It’s incredibly comforting. I was overcome with gratitude. Not only had I been pulled from the vast ocean of possibility and selected to exist, I had been incarnated in to a body equipped with a complex mechanism of articulation.
The rest of the evening and much of the next day was spent in a state of somewhat fitful shock. I didn't have any pressing obligations, so I was able to spend this time synthesizing the the experience into my world view.
Fortunate are we. Find your song and sing it!
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Finite element analysis¶
-
dtApp.dtCode.finiteelement.
Nominal
()¶ This function sets the default values for the FEA simulation to be run in ABAQUS. The units for these values are in Imperial-inches consistant units [slinch,in,s] As a reference, 1 slinch = 12 slugs (1 slinch is the mass accelerated by 1 lbf at 1 in/s^2 acceleration) The slinch is also called : slug-inch, blob, slugette, and snail
-
dtApp.dtCode.finiteelement.
Submit
()¶ This function takes the user input via the POST method to generate the FEA simulation. To perform this simulation, this function generates a separate
.py
file to run in ABAQUS. This script is generated from a pre-made macro generated to create this system. The generated macro is generalized for the parameters requested from the user to create a new .py file.Once the python script is generated, ABAQUS is called to run the analysis. This requires ABAQUS to be installed on the local machine and is callable via the “abaqus cae” command prompt. The scratch folder is found in “dtApp/dtData/ABAQUS_Scratch”. The main files to look for are the *.dat and *.odb files. These contain the results of the simulation.


--- layout: page title: About header-img: "img/about-bg.png" ---
Sam is learning to code! Read along and discover some of what she's picked up along the way.


A small SPA built with Vue.js and
Storyblok as backend and headless CMS.
Real Vue.js components working even in IE11!
A Polymer app to search the HSA catalog (Swedish healthcare entities).
Data is from a local MongoDB database, accessed through a mongodb-rest interface.
An ExtJS app for the Stratum system for quality registers
to do explorative data analysis (unfinished).
Simple time tracking and invoicing with ExtJS 3.2
(unfinished )


8" Italian Rolls
Dinner Rolls
Kaiser Rolls
Semolina Rolls
Italian Bastone
French Bread
Large Panella
White Loaf
Wheat Loaf
Pumpernickel Loaf
Pumpernickel Round
Semolina Round
Semolina Italian
Semolina French
Assorted Danish
Assorted Danish
Assorted Danish
Assorted Bars
Turnovers
Almond Pretzel
Assorted Muffins
Assorted Hamentash
Elephant Ear
Scones
Assorted Cigars
Elephant Ear


DetectionHSL is a script which allows you to get some useful informations about your computer and to create your own Powershell scripts. It was wrote in Powershell and Rust.
To resolve technical issues, the script configuration is ready-to-use. You just have to launch the graphical interface and to click on "Launch" or to launch start.bat When the UAC window asks you elevated privileges, click "yes".
Source code (zip archive): zip archive
Source code (tar.gz archive): tar.gz archive
Rheydskey for cat-rust which add the support of special and accentuated characters and the GUI.
Wabys for sending me a useful crashdump.


Susan Granger's review of "BANDITS" (MGM)
Bruce Wills and Billy Bob Thornton play bickering ex-cons who become America's Most Wanted bank robbers in this screwball caper comedy. After a somewhat confusing, chaotic setup in which they're heisting the Alamo Savings & Loan in L.A., a flashback reveals who they are and how they got there. They're "The Sleepover Bandits" who take a bank manager and his family hostage the night before a theft. Hampered by an anger-management problem, Willis is a suave if impulsive man of action, while the more thoughtful Thornton is an obsessive/compulsive hypochondriac. They dream of margaritas and tuxedos, running a little hotel near Acapulco. To this end, they recruit Willis's cousin (Troy Garity), a dim-witted stunt man, to drive the getaway car. But life gets more complicated when they take a hostage, Cate Blanchett, an unhappy housewife who's giddy with delight at their antics, falling in love with them both, reasoning, "I can't choose between you because, together, you're the perfect man." "She's mentally unbalanced to a spectacular degree," Thornton astutely observes. And the plot is punctuated with interviews on TV's "Criminals at Large." Working from Harley Peyton's screenplay, Barry Levinson's direction is expertly sharp and funny, including a brief nod to the motel scene in "It Happened One Night."  As does Victor Kempster's production design and Gloria Gresham's costumes which are - to say the least - outrageous. On the Granger Movie Gauge of 1 to 10, "Bandits" is a smart, savvy, wickedly funny 8, evoking a quirky, contemporary "Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid" romp.
========== X-RAMR-ID: 29714 X-Language: en X-RT-ReviewID: 253557 X-RT-TitleID: 1110275 X-RT-SourceID: 742 X-RT-AuthorID: 1274
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


This transition indicates that the report creation process is failed. Thus, the system assigns the Failed status to this report and it is not available for any other actions.
A new generating report with the Deploying status.
A report with the Failed status.


Jolyon Palmer says Lewis Hamilton has the "mentality of a champion"
by Louis ShawLewis Hamilton has already cemented himself in the history books but there is a chance that when he finally retires he will be regarded as the best driver to have ever raced. Former F1 driver Jolyon Palmer has praised Hamilton and has looked into how the Mercedes driver won his sixth championship this season.
"With eight of his 10 wins this year not coming from pole position, Hamilton has often had to rely on his racecraft for victories," Palmer said in his F1 column.
"But what has been interesting, and prevalent again in Austin, has been his mentality – that of a champion – which has been apparent over the radio this year.
"During the race Hamilton was told he was going to be in a fight with Red Bull’s Max Verstappen at the end of the race, for second place. As it turned out, Mercedes were spot on with their estimations, but Hamilton wasn’t interested in fighting for second."
It hasn't been an easy season for Hamilton but he has still been able to stand out from the crowd. He has shown everyone how much faster he is and will hope to carry on the pace for the next few seasons to come.


--- layout: archive title: Projects excerpt: "Portfolio of projects build by Maik Vlcek." permalink: /projects/ header: overlay_image: project-vibe-cover.jpg comments: false share: false --- {% include base_path %} {% assign projects_sorted = site.projects | sort: 'timeframe' | reverse %}


Practically a virtuoso at the age old craft of slangin' pizza
Knows every word to "Anaconda" by Nicki Minaj, among many other classics
Possess a vast knowledge of very important topics such as drag queens and super heroes
Knowledgable in HTML and CSS. Bretty good at it
Innovative and original thinker
Uncanny ability to create lists of unremarkable skills
Like I said before.
Phone:<PHONE_NUMBER>
E-mail: tjd1617@gmail.com


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|
BTK
0.3dev.0
Open-source library to visualize/process biomechanical data
|
Contains the data related to a biomechanical acquisition. More...
#include <btkAcquisition.h>
Public Types | |
| typedef AnalogCollection::ConstIterator | AnalogConstIterator |
| typedef AnalogCollection::Iterator | AnalogIterator |
| enum | AnalogResolution { Bit8 = 8, Bit10 = 10, Bit12 = 12, Bit14 = 14, Bit16 = 16 } |
| typedef SharedPtr< const Acquisition > | ConstPointer |
| typedef EventCollection::ConstIterator | EventConstIterator |
| typedef EventCollection::Iterator | EventIterator |
| typedef std::list < MetaData::Pointer > ::const_iterator | MetaDataConstIterator |
| typedef std::list < MetaData::Pointer > ::iterator | MetaDataIterator |
| typedef PointCollection::ConstIterator | PointConstIterator |
| typedef SharedPtr< Acquisition > | Pointer |
| typedef PointCollection::Iterator | PointIterator |
| Public Types inherited from btk::DataObject | |
| typedef SharedPtr< const DataObject > | ConstPointer |
| typedef SharedPtr< DataObject > | Pointer |
| Public Types inherited from btk::Object | |
| typedef SharedPtr< const Object > | ConstPointer |
| typedef SharedPtr< Object > | Pointer |
Static Public Member Functions | |
| static Pointer | New () |
Protected Member Functions | |
| Acquisition () | |
| void | SetAnalogFrameNumber (int frameNumber) |
| void | SetPointFrameNumber (int frameNumber) |
| Protected Member Functions inherited from btk::DataObject | |
| DataObject () | |
| DataObject (const DataObject &toCopy) | |
| virtual | ~DataObject () |
| Protected Member Functions inherited from btk::Object | |
| Object () | |
| Object (const Object &toCopy) | |
| virtual | ~Object () |
Additional Inherited Members | |
| Protected Attributes inherited from btk::Object | |
| unsigned long int | m_Timestamp |
Contains the data related to a biomechanical acquisition.
A biomechanical acquisition can contains:
By default, the first frame is set to 1, the analog resolution is set to 12-bit, the maximum interpolation gap to 10 frames and the units are:
After the creation of the acquisition, you should use the Init() method to populate the acquisition.
The member used for the maximum interpolation gap is only for information and is not used in the acquisition. It could be used later in a filter to fill gap.
Const iterator for analog channels contained in the acquisition object.
Iterator for analog channels contained in the acquisition object.
Smart pointer associated with a const Acquisition object.
Const iterator for events contained in the acquisition object.
Iterator for events contained in the acquisition object.
Const iterator for metadata contained in the acquisition object.
Iterator for metadata contained in the acquisition object.
Const iterator for points contained in the acquisition object.
Smart pointer associated with an Acquisition object.
Iterator for points contained in the acquisition object.
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protected |
Constructor.
| void btk::Acquisition::AppendAnalog | ( | Analog::Pointer | ac | ) |
Append the analog channel ac in the acquisition This method also resizes the frame number of the inserted analog channel if necessary.
| void btk::Acquisition::AppendEvent | ( | Event::Pointer | e | ) |
Append the event e in the acquisition.
| void btk::Acquisition::AppendPoint | ( | Point::Pointer | p | ) |
Convenient method to append a point in the acquisition. This method also resizes the frame number of the inserted point if necessary.
|
inline |
Returns an iterator to the beginning of the list of analog channels.
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inline |
Returns a const iterator to the beginning of the list of analog channels.
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inline |
Returns an iterator to the beginning of the list of events.
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inline |
Returns a const iterator to the beginning of the list of events.
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inline |
Returns an iterator to the beginning of the list of metadata.
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inline |
Returns a const iterator to the beginning of the list of metadata
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inline |
Returns an iterator to the beginning of the list of points.
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inline |
Returns a const iterator to the beginning of the list of points.
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inline |
Clear analogs channels.
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inline |
Clear events.
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inline |
Clear points.
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inline |
Returns a deep copy of this object.
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inline |
Returns an iterator just past the last analog channel.
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inline |
Returns a const iterator just past the last analog channel.
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inline |
Returns an iterator just past the last event.
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inline |
Returns a const iterator just past the last event.
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inline |
Returns an iterator just past the last metadata.
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inline |
Returns a const iterator just past the last metadata.
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inline |
Returns an iterator just past the last point.
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inline |
Returns a const iterator just past the last point.
| Acquisition::AnalogIterator btk::Acquisition::FindAnalog | ( | const std::string & | label | ) |
Finds the analog channel with the proposed label and returns the iterator associated with it. If no analog channel has label as label, an iterator pointing to the end of the collection is returned.
| Acquisition::AnalogConstIterator btk::Acquisition::FindAnalog | ( | const std::string & | label | ) | const |
Finds the analog channel with the proposed label and returns the const iterator associated with it. If no point has label as label, a const iterator pointing to the end of the collection is returned.
| Acquisition::EventIterator btk::Acquisition::FindEvent | ( | const std::string & | label | ) |
Finds the event with the proposed label and returns the iterator associated with it. If no event has label as label, an iterator pointing to the end of the collection is returned.
| Acquisition::EventConstIterator btk::Acquisition::FindEvent | ( | const std::string & | label | ) | const |
Finds the event with the proposed label and returns the const iterator associated with it. If no event has label as label, a const iterator pointing to the end of the collection is returned.
| Acquisition::PointIterator btk::Acquisition::FindPoint | ( | const std::string & | label | ) |
Finds the point with the proposed label and returns the iterator associated with it. If no point has label as label, an iterator pointing to the end of the collection is returned.
| Acquisition::PointConstIterator btk::Acquisition::FindPoint | ( | const std::string & | label | ) | const |
Finds the point with the proposed label and returns the const iterator associated with it. If no point has label as label, a const iterator pointing to the end of the collection is returned.
| Analog::Pointer btk::Acquisition::GetAnalog | ( | int | idx | ) |
Gets the analog channel at the index idx as a smart pointer.
If no Analog exists, then an exception is thrown.
| Analog::ConstPointer btk::Acquisition::GetAnalog | ( | int | idx | ) | const |
Gets the analog channel at the index idx as a const smart pointer.
| Analog::Pointer btk::Acquisition::GetAnalog | ( | const std::string & | label | ) |
Gets the analog channel with the label label as a smart pointer.
| Analog::ConstPointer btk::Acquisition::GetAnalog | ( | const std::string & | label | ) | const |
Gets the analog channel with the label label as a const smart pointer.
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inline |
Returns the number of frames for the analog channels.
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inline |
Returns the analogs sample rate.
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inline |
Returns the number of analog channels.
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inline |
Returns the analog resolution.
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inline |
Returns the collection of analog channels.
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inline |
Returns the collection of analog channels.
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inline |
Returns the duration of the acquisition.
The duration is computed as the multiplication of the points' frequency with the points frame number.
| Event::Pointer btk::Acquisition::GetEvent | ( | int | idx | ) |
Gets the event at the index idx as a smart pointer.
| Event::ConstPointer btk::Acquisition::GetEvent | ( | int | idx | ) | const |
Gets the event at the index idx as a const smart pointer.
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inline |
Returns the number of events.
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inline |
Returns the collection of events.
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inline |
Returns the collection of events.
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inline |
Return the first frame index of the acquisition.
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inline |
Returns the last frame index of the model based on the first frame index and the number of frames.
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inline |
Gets the maximum gap length that any interpolation method would fill for the 3D point data.
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inline |
Returns the metadata.
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inline |
Returns the metadata.
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inline |
Returns the number of analog sample (acquired by each channel) per point frame.
| Point::Pointer btk::Acquisition::GetPoint | ( | int | idx | ) |
Gets the point at the index idx as a smart pointer.
If no Point exists, then a btk::OutOfRangeException exception is thrown.
| Point::ConstPointer btk::Acquisition::GetPoint | ( | int | idx | ) | const |
Gets the point at the index idx as a const smart pointer.
If no Point exists, then a btk::OutOfRangeException exception is thrown.
| Point::Pointer btk::Acquisition::GetPoint | ( | const std::string & | label | ) |
Gets the point with the label label as a smart pointer.
If no Point exists, then a btk::OutOfRangeException exception is thrown.
| Point::ConstPointer btk::Acquisition::GetPoint | ( | const std::string & | label | ) | const |
Gets the point with the label label as a const smart pointer.
If no Point exists, then a btk::OutOfRangeException exception is thrown.
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inline |
Returns the number of frames for the points.
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inline |
Returns the point's frequency.
Returns the points sample rate.
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inline |
Returns the number of points.
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inline |
Returns the collection of points.
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inline |
Returns the collection of points.
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inline |
Returns the unit for points of type Point::Marker
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inline |
Returns the unit for points of type t.
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inline |
Returns all the units used for the points (Marker, Angle, Force, Moment, Power, Scalar).
| void btk::Acquisition::Init | ( | int | pointNumber, |
| int | frameNumber, | ||
| int | analogNumber = 0 , |
||
| int | analogSampleNumberPerPointFrame = 1 |
||
| ) |
Initialize the acquisition with pointNumber which have frameNumber frame. The analog part has analogNumber analog channels and their number of frames corresponds to the integer factor analogSampleNumberPerPointFrame multiplied by frameNumber.
This method label added points and analog channels using the string "uname*" concatenated with the index of the channel.
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inline |
Checks if the analogs' list is empty.
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inline |
Checks if the events' list is empty.
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inline |
Checks if the points' list is empty.
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inlinestatic |
Creates an Acquisition object and return it as smart pointer.
| void btk::Acquisition::RemoveAnalog | ( | const std::string & | label | ) |
Convenient method to delete an analog channel from the acquisition.
| void btk::Acquisition::RemoveAnalog | ( | int | idx | ) |
Convenient method to delete an analog channel from the acquisition.
| Acquisition::AnalogIterator btk::Acquisition::RemoveAnalog | ( | AnalogIterator | loc | ) |
Convenient method to delete an analog channel from the acquisition.
| void btk::Acquisition::RemoveEvent | ( | int | idx | ) |
Remove the event associated with the index idx.
| Acquisition::EventIterator btk::Acquisition::RemoveEvent | ( | Acquisition::EventIterator | loc | ) |
Remove the event associated with the iterator loc.
| void btk::Acquisition::RemovePoint | ( | Point::Pointer | p | ) |
Convenient method to delete a point from the acquisition.
| void btk::Acquisition::RemovePoint | ( | const std::string & | label | ) |
Convenient method to delete a point from the acquisition.
| void btk::Acquisition::RemovePoint | ( | int | idx | ) |
Convenient method to delete a point from the acquisition.
| Acquisition::PointIterator btk::Acquisition::RemovePoint | ( | Acquisition::PointIterator | loc | ) |
Convenient method to delete a point from the acquisition.
| void btk::Acquisition::Reset | ( | ) |
Resets the acquisition as an empty acquisition:
To re-populate this acquisition, you need to re-use the Init() method to set the point and analog number and their frame number.
| void btk::Acquisition::Resize | ( | int | pointNumber, |
| int | frameNumber, | ||
| int | analogNumber = 0 , |
||
| int | analogSampleNumberPerPointFrame = 1 |
||
| ) |
Resize the acquisition with pointNumber which have frameNumber frame. The analog part has analogNumber analog channels and their number of frames corresponds to the integer factor analogSampleNumberPerPointFrame multiplied by frameNumber.
This method has the same behavior than the method Init(), but does not label added points and analog channels
| void btk::Acquisition::ResizeAnalogNumber | ( | int | analogNumber | ) |
Resize the number of analog channels. Using this method will set the object as modified even if the given number of analog channels is the same than in the acquisition. This method forces the analog channels to have this object (the acquisition) as their parent.
| void btk::Acquisition::ResizeFrameNumber | ( | int | frameNumber | ) |
Resize the number of frames.
| void btk::Acquisition::ResizeFrameNumberFromEnd | ( | int | frameNumber | ) |
Resize the number of frames by adding the new frames at the beginning of the acquisition and set automatically the new first frame index.
| void btk::Acquisition::ResizePointNumber | ( | int | pointNumber | ) |
Resize the number of points. Using this method will set the object as modified even if the given number of points is the same than in the acquisition. This method forces the analog channels to have this object (the acquisition) as their parent.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetAnalog | ( | int | idx, |
| Analog::Pointer | analog | ||
| ) |
Sets the analog channel at the index idx by the content of analog.
|
protected |
Set the number of frames for each analog channels as the multiplication of the number of frames of the points with analogSampleNumberPerPointFrame. The input value analogSampleNumberPerPointFrame corresponds to the oversampling of the analog channels related to the sampling rate of the points.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetAnalogNumber | ( | int | num | ) |
Sets the number of analog channels.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetAnalogResolution | ( | AnalogResolution | r | ) |
Sets the analog resolution.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetAnalogs | ( | AnalogCollection::Pointer | analogs | ) |
Sets analog channels for this acquisition.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetEvent | ( | int | idx, |
| Event::Pointer | event | ||
| ) |
Sets the content of event at the index idx.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetEventNumber | ( | int | num | ) |
Sets the number of points.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetEvents | ( | EventCollection::Pointer | evts | ) |
Sets events for this acquisition.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetFirstFrame | ( | int | num, |
| bool | adaptEvents = false |
||
| ) |
Sets the first frame index (and optionally adapt events' frame/time, false by default).
To adapt the events' frame/time, you have to set the option adaptEvents to true. The event's frame is shifted by the difference between the new first frame and the old one. The event's time is recomputed using the new frame and the current point's frequency.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetMaxInterpolationGap | ( | int | gap | ) |
Sets the maximum gap length that any interpolation method would fill for the 3D point data.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetMetaData | ( | MetaData::Pointer | metaData | ) |
Sets the metadata of the acquisition.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetPoint | ( | int | idx, |
| Point::Pointer | point | ||
| ) |
Sets the content of point at the index idx.
|
protected |
Set the number of frames with frameNumber for each point.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetPointFrequency | ( | double | frequency | ) |
Sets the points sample rate.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetPointNumber | ( | int | num | ) |
Sets the number of points.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetPoints | ( | PointCollection::Pointer | points | ) |
Sets points for this acquisition.
|
inline |
Sets the unit for points of type Point::Marker.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetPointUnit | ( | Point::Type | t, |
| const std::string & | units | ||
| ) |
Sets the point's unit for the Point's type t with the value units.
The type Point::Reaction cannot have any unit. You cannot set it.
| void btk::Acquisition::SetPointUnits | ( | const std::vector< std::string > & | units | ) |
Sets the units for all the kinds of points.


ASPIRIN- aspirin suppository
Paddock Laboratories, LLC
Disclaimer: Most OTC drugs are not reviewed and approved by FDA, however they may be marketed if they comply with applicable regulations and policies. FDA has not evaluated whether this product complies.
Aspirin Suppositories, USP 300 mg (5 grains)
Each suppository contains 300 mg (5 grains) of aspirin.
OR
Aspirin Suppositories, USP 600 mg (10 grains)
Each suppository contains 600 mg (10 grains) of aspirin.
Remove suppository from plastic packet and insert into the rectum as far as possible. Adult: One suppository every 4 hours for no more than 10 days or as directed by a physician. Children under 12 years of age: Consult a physician.
Suppositories sealed in imprinted plastic packet. Do not use if imprinted packet is opened or damaged.
Store in a cool place 8˚- 15˚C (46˚- 59˚F) or refrigerate.
In case of accidental ingestion, seek professional assistance or contact a poison control center immediately.
CHILDREN AND TEENAGERS WHO HAVE OR ARE RECOVERING FROM CHICKEN POX, FLU SYMPTOMS, OR FLU SHOULD NOT USE THIS PRODUCT. IF NAUSEA, VOMITING, OR FEVER OCCUR, CONSULT A DOCTOR BECAUSE THESE SYMPTOMS COULD BE AN EARLY SIGN OF REYE SYNDROME, A RARE BUT SERIOUS ILLNESS.
As with any drug, if you are pregnant or nursing a baby, seek the advice of a health professional before using this product. IT IS ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT NOT TO USE ASPIRIN DURING THE LAST 3 MONTHS OF PREGNANCY UNLESS SPECIFICALLY DIRECTED TO DO SO BY A DOCTOR BECAUSE IT MAY CAUSE PROBLEMS IN THE UNBORN CHILD OR COMPLICATIONS DURING DELIVERY.
If you consume 3 or more alcoholic drinks every day, ask your doctor whether you should take aspirin or other pain relievers/fever reducers. Aspirin may cause stomach bleeding.
Manufactured by Perrigo®
Minneapolis, MN 55427
2138460 (600 mg)
2138440 (300 mg)
(02-12)
|
ASPIRIN
aspirin suppository | ||||||||||||||||||||
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ASPIRIN
aspirin suppository | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Labeler - Paddock Laboratories, LLC (967694121) |


|
bham
A Bresenham-style PWM generator library.
|
#include <bham.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| void | init (uint8_t mval) |
| void | set (uint8_t val) |
| void | overrun () |
| uint8_t | loop () |
The bham class is used for generating a single high frequency PWM output signal from a single low frequency input signal.
| dx | The number of distinct signal levels for the input and output. Data should be conditioned to be in this range before being used with the set() method. |
Called every update to get the new PWM output value. Generally called from an interrupt routine at a relatively high rate (240hz or greater).


--- layout: page title: ACF Formatting Guidelines date: 2014-12-05 21:07:45.000000000 -06:00 type: page parent_id: '346' published: true password: '' status: publish categories: [] tags: [] meta: _edit_last: '16309375' _wp_page_template: default geo_public: '0' _publicize_pending: '1' author: login: acfquizbowl email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: acfquizbowl first_name: '' last_name: '' permalink: "/archives/acf-formatting-guidelines/" ---
A friendly reminder: ACF editors will charge a penalty if you do not meet the guidelines below. So pay close attention to this section.
Your submitted packet should be in Size 10 Times New Roman font. The margins should be 1 inch on all sides. The lines should be single spaced and spacing between paragraphs should be 0pt.
Do not number anything and do not use any tabs, autoformatting, or page breaks at any point in the document.
In the first two lines, place the following in bold text:
<Tournament Name> <Year>
Packet by <School Name> <Team Name or Letter> (Player1, Player2, Player3, etc.)
You should include the names of all people who contributed to the packet and/or will be playing on that team. Eg.
ACF Regionals 2014
Packet by Reno Tech B (Travis Junior, Trudy Weigel, S. Jones, Jim Dangle)
Tossups should be 6-7 lines in length, with the occasional tossup going into the 8th or 9th line. The last sentence of a tossup should begin with “For 10 points” (and not “FTP” or “F10P”) followed by a comma and a space.
Do not number or indent your tossups. Do not include power-marks in your tossups.
Bonuses should have parts that are two lines long, with an occasional part that goes into the third line. Each bonus part begins on a new line with the numerical point value of that part in brackets.
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Any instructions for prompts, alternate acceptable answers, or additional instructions for moderators should be contained within brackets.
To make all the packets uniform in appearance, please display all point values and years in questions as digits, but all other numbers as prose words (e.g. “twenty-two years”, “a million dollars” and “fourteen hundred casualties,” but “For 10 points” and “1976.”)
Use the BCE/CE system instead of the BC/AD system for years, and remember to always include the correct designation alongside the years when there is the possibility of confusion.
Please delete all internal notes and conversations from the packet before submitting it.
If there is a note that you would like to convey to the editors, please add it as a comment using MS Word, or leave a line before or after the question.
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Group your questions by category. Tossups should appear before bonuses. The ordering of the categories does not matter. Within a category, the ordering of sub-categories doesn’t matter, either.
Take a look at this packet our editor Rob Carson submitted for ACF Regionals 2014.
[googleapps domain="docs" dir="document/d/1VcuDQbNYG124iqvBu6AdXbcUq-3sOc_YP_dyjXvXTFE/pub" query="embedded=true" width="800" height="400" /]
Do NOT randomize your packet. We will return your packet to you if you submit a randomized packet.


內容目录上一个主题< Class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\MetaData\Xcache 下一个主题Class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Query\Builder > 本页 |
Class Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Query¶implements Phalcon\Mvc\Model\QueryInterface, Phalcon\Di\InjectionAwareInterface This class takes a PHQL intermediate representation and executes it. <?php
$phql = "SELECT c.price*0.16 AS taxes, c.* FROM Cars AS c JOIN Brands AS b
WHERE b.name = :name: ORDER BY c.name";
$result = $manager->executeQuery($phql, array(
"name" => "Lamborghini"
));
foreach ($result as $row) {
echo "Name: ", $row->cars->name, "\n";
echo "Price: ", $row->cars->price, "\n";
echo "Taxes: ", $row->taxes, "\n";
}
Methods¶public __construct ([string $phql], [Phalcon\DiInterface $dependencyInjector], [mixed $options]) Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Query constructor public setDI (Phalcon\DiInterface $dependencyInjector) Sets the dependency injection container public getDI () Returns the dependency injection container public setUniqueRow (mixed $uniqueRow) Tells to the query if only the first row in the resultset must be returned public getUniqueRow () Check if the query is programmed to get only the first row in the resultset final protected _getQualified (array $expr) Replaces the model’s name to its source name in a qualified-name expression final protected _getCallArgument (array $argument) Resolves an expression in a single call argument final protected _getCaseExpression (array $expr) Resolves an expression in a single call argument final protected _getFunctionCall (array $expr) Resolves an expression in a single call argument final protected string _getExpression (array $expr, [boolean $quoting]) Resolves an expression from its intermediate code into a string final protected _getSelectColumn (array $column) Resolves a column from its intermediate representation into an array used to determine if the resultset produced is simple or complex final protected string _getTable (Phalcon\Mvc\Model\ManagerInterface $manager, array $qualifiedName) Resolves a table in a SELECT statement checking if the model exists final protected _getJoin (Phalcon\Mvc\Model\ManagerInterface $manager, mixed $join) Resolves a JOIN clause checking if the associated models exist final protected string _getJoinType (array $join) Resolves a JOIN type final protected array _getSingleJoin (string $joinType, string $joinSource, string $modelAlias, string $joinAlias, Phalcon\Mvc\Model\RelationInterface $relation) Resolves joins involving has-one/belongs-to/has-many relations final protected array _getMultiJoin (string $joinType, string $joinSource, string $modelAlias, string $joinAlias, Phalcon\Mvc\Model\RelationInterface $relation) Resolves joins involving many-to-many relations final protected array _getJoins (array $select) Processes the JOINs in the query returning an internal representation for the database dialect final protected array _getOrderClause (array|string $order) Returns a processed order clause for a SELECT statement final protected _getGroupClause (array $group) Returns a processed group clause for a SELECT statement final protected _getLimitClause (array $limitClause) Returns a processed limit clause for a SELECT statement final protected _prepareSelect ([mixed $ast], [mixed $merge]) Analyzes a SELECT intermediate code and produces an array to be executed later final protected _prepareInsert () Analyzes an INSERT intermediate code and produces an array to be executed later final protected _prepareUpdate () Analyzes an UPDATE intermediate code and produces an array to be executed later final protected _prepareDelete () Analyzes a DELETE intermediate code and produces an array to be executed later public parse () Parses the intermediate code produced by Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Query\Lang generating another intermediate representation that could be executed by Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Query public getCache () Returns the current cache backend instance final protected _executeSelect (mixed $intermediate, mixed $bindParams, mixed $bindTypes, [mixed $simulate]) Executes the SELECT intermediate representation producing a Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Resultset final protected Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Query\StatusInterface _executeInsert (array $intermediate, array $bindParams, array $bindTypes) Executes the INSERT intermediate representation producing a Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Query\Status final protected Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Query\StatusInterface _executeUpdate (array $intermediate, array $bindParams, array $bindTypes) Executes the UPDATE intermediate representation producing a Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Query\Status final protected Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Query\StatusInterface _executeDelete (array $intermediate, array $bindParams, array $bindTypes) Executes the DELETE intermediate representation producing a Phalcon\Mvc\Model\Query\Status final protected Phalcon\Mvc\Model\ResultsetInterface _getRelatedRecords (Phalcon\Mvc\ModelInterface $model, array $intermediate, array $bindParams, array $bindTypes) Query the records on which the UPDATE/DELETE operation well be done public mixed execute ([array $bindParams], [array $bindTypes]) Executes a parsed PHQL statement public Phalcon\Mvc\ModelInterface getSingleResult ([array $bindParams], [array $bindTypes]) Executes the query returning the first result public setType (mixed $type) Sets the type of PHQL statement to be executed public getType () Gets the type of PHQL statement executed public setBindParams (array $bindParams, [mixed $merge]) Set default bind parameters public array getBindParams () Returns default bind params public setBindTypes (array $bindTypes, [mixed $merge]) Set default bind parameters public setSharedLock ([mixed $sharedLock]) Set SHARED LOCK clause public array getBindTypes () Returns default bind types public setIntermediate (array $intermediate) Allows to set the IR to be executed public array getIntermediate () Returns the intermediate representation of the PHQL statement public cache (mixed $cacheOptions) Sets the cache parameters of the query public getCacheOptions () Returns the current cache options public getSql () Returns the SQL to be generated by the internal PHQL (only works in SELECT statements) public static clean () Destroys the internal PHQL cache |


Apple releases third beta of iOS 13.3 for developers
iOS 13.3 is on its way with new features that require third-party developer input. As such, the company is releasing developer betas so that software engineers can get a head start on making great software for you.
Are you trying to download the developer beta of iOS 13.3 using macOS Catalina? The steps are different. Check out our guide!
Apple occasionally offers updates to iOS, watchOS, tvOS, and macOS as closed developer previews or public betas for iPhone, iPad, Apple TV and Mac (sadly, no public beta for the Apple Watch). While the betas contain new features, they also contain pre-release bugs that can prevent the normal use of your iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, Apple TV, or Mac, and are not intended for everyday use on a primary device. That's why we strongly recommend staying away from developer previews unless you need them for software development, and using the public betas with caution. If you depend on your devices, wait for the final release.
What's new in iOS 13.3?
November 20, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13.3 beta 3 to developers
Apple has just released the third beta version of iOS 13.3 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13.3 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
November 12, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13.3 beta 2 to developers
Apple has just released the second beta version of iOS 13.3 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13.3 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
November 5, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13.3 beta 1 to developers
Apple has just released the first beta version of iOS 13.3 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13.3 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
October 23, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13.2 beta 4 to developers
Apple has just released the fourth beta version of iOS 13.2 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13.2 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
October 16, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13.2 beta 3 to developers
Apple has just released the third beta version of iOS 13.2 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13.2 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
October 10, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13.2 beta 2 to developers
Apple has just released the second beta version of iOS 13.2 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
October 2, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13.2 beta 1 to developers
Apple has just released the first beta version of iOS 13.2 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
September 18, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13.1 beta 4 to developers
Apple has just released the fourth beta version of iOS 13.1 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
September 10, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13.1 beta 3 to developers
Apple has just released the third beta version of iOS 13.1 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
September 4, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13.1 beta 2 to developers
Apple has just released the second beta version of iOS 13.1 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
August 27, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13.1 beta 1 to developers
Apple has just released the first beta version of iOS 13.1 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
August 21, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13 beta 8 to developers
Apple has just released the eighth beta version of iOS 13 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
August 15, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13 beta 7 to developers
Apple has just released the seventh beta version of iOS 13 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
August 7, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13 beta 6 to developers
Apple has just released the sixth beta version of iOS 13 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
July 29, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13 beta 5 to developers
Apple has just released the fifth beta version of iOS 13 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
July 17, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13 beta 4 to developers
Apple has just released the fourth beta version of iOS 13 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
July 8, 2019: Apple releases updated third beta of iOS 13
Along with its release of the second public beta, Apple has sent out a revised version of the third beta of iOS 13.
July 2, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13 beta 3 to developers
Apple has just released the third beta version of iOS 13 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
June 17, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13 beta 2 to developers
Apple has just released the second beta version of iOS 13 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
June 3, 2019: Apple releases iOS 13 beta 1 to developers
Apple has just released the first beta version of iOS 13 for developers. Follow the instructions below to install this beta. If you were waiting for iOS 13 to get started with beta testing, go ahead and download the latest version.
Everything you need to know about iOS 13
You can find out more about all the new features in iOS 13 here.
iOS 13 FAQ: Everything you need to know
- How to make an archived backup of your iPhone
- How to install the iOS beta using iTunes
- How to install the iOS beta using a profile
- How to get started with the iOS beta
How to make an archived backup of your iPhone
Before you begin, make sure you back up your iPhone. While the beta process is fairly straightforward, any time you make any significant change to your device you risk problems. And with your personal data, it's always — always! — better to be safe than sorry. Even if you back up every night, you'll want to make sure it's absolutely up-to-date.
- Plug iPhone into your Mac or Windows PC.
- Launch iTunes.
- Click on the iPhone icon in the menu bar when it appears.
- Make sure backup is set to This Computer. (And enable Encrypted backup — it's worth it!)
- Click on Back Up Now. (Click on Encrypt Backup and add a password — you want the security.)
- Back up Apps, if asked.
- Press Command, to open Preferences. (Or go to iTunes in the menu bar and click on Preferences.
- Click on the Devices tab.
- Control-click on your Backup and choose Archive.
Archiving will prevent your current backup from being overwritten by an iOS 13 backup in the future, should you want to revert for any reason.
How to install the iOS beta using iTunes
- Go to developer.apple.com on your Mac.
- Click on the "Discover" tab.
- Click on of the operating system buttons in the bar near the top of the screen.
- Click Download.
- Log in with your developer account's username and password.
- Go to the iOS 13 beta section and Download Restore Images.
- Click on the iOS restore image that matches the device onto which you plan to install it.
- Click Applications at the top of the list of beta software.
- Click the Download button next to Xcode 11. Wait for Xcode to finish downloading.
- Open iTunes from your Dock or Applications folder.
- Connect your iPhone to your Mac.
- Click the iPhone icon that appears in iTunes. You may be prompted to enter your iPhone's password on your phone.
- While holding down the Option key on your Mac's keyboard, click Check for Update.
- Click on Downloads in the sidebar, or whichever location you downloaded the iOS 13 restore image to.
- Click on the iOS 13 restore image.
- Click Open.
iTunes will now install iOS 13 onto your iPhone. This process will take some time, and you shouldn't unplug your iPhone from your Mac until the update is complete.
How to install the iOS beta using a profile
Before you do anything else, make sure you have a developer account with Apple — without a paid account, you won't be able to download any non-Xcode betas.
Thanks to Apple's configuration profile, you can download iOS betas directly on your iPhone, no Mac required! (You can still install the iOS beta on your iPhone by connecting your device to iTunes, but you'll need to be running the Xcode beta first. The method listed below is generally a lot faster, with fewer wires.)
- Go to developer.apple.com on your iPhone.
- Click on the "Discover" tab.
- Click on of the operating system buttons in the bar near the top of the screen.
- Tap Download.
- Log in with your developer account's username and password.
- Go to the iOS 13 beta section and tap the download. This will start the process of downloading the iOS beta software profile on your iPhone.
- Tap Close.
- Open Settings.
- Tap Profile Downloaded.
- Tap Install. You may need to enter your Passcode.
- Agree to the Consent form and press Install once in the upper right corner, and once at the bottom of the screen.
- Press Restart to apply the changes to your iPhone.
To install the beta itself, just visit system preferences.
- Launch Settings from your Home screen, tap on General, then tap on Software Update.
- Once the update appears, tap on Download and Install.
- Enter your Passcode.
- Tap Agree to the Terms and Conditions.
- Tap Agree again to confirm.
Your iPhone will reboot to install iOS 13. There will be a couple of progress bars going across the screen. Sit tight, and let everything finish.
How to get started with iOS beta
Once your iPhone reboots, it'll be running iOS the latest beta. There's a brief bit of setup you'll need to go through, however, as the system will have changed enough that it'll need your login to complete the update.
- Tap Continue.
- Enter your Apple ID password. iCloud settings will update, so give it a minute.
- Tap Get Started.
Once that's done, you'll be on the Home screen and ready to rock the latest iOS beta.
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