1 cosNotification Release Notes
1.1 cosNotification 1.2.2
Improvements and New Features
-
Internal changes
Own Id: OTP-13551
1.2 cosNotification 1.2.1
Improvements and New Features
-
Suppress Dialyzer warnings.
Own Id: OTP-12862
1.3 cosNotification 1.2
Improvements and New Features
-
Remove the usage of erlang:now() from all Corba applications and use the new rand module instead of random.
Own Id: OTP-12687
1.4 cosNotification 1.1.21
Improvements and New Features
-
The default encoding of Erlang files has been changed from ISO-8859-1 to UTF-8.
The encoding of XML files has also been changed to UTF-8.
Own Id: OTP-10907
1.5 cosNotification 1.1.20
Improvements and New Features
-
Postscript files no longer needed for the generation of PDF files have been removed.
Own Id: OTP-11016
1.6 cosNotification 1.1.19
Improvements and New Features
-
Misc build updates
Own Id: OTP-10784
1.7 cosNotification 1.1.18
Improvements and New Features
-
Erlang/OTP can now be built using parallel make if you limit the number of jobs, for instance using 'make -j6' or 'make -j10'. 'make -j' does not work at the moment because of some missing dependencies.
Own Id: OTP-9451
1.8 cosNotification 1.1.17
Improvements and New Features
-
Removed superfluous usage of shy in the documentation since it can cause problem if a buggy tool is used.
Own Id: OTP-9319 Aux Id:
1.9 cosNotification 1.1.16
Improvements and New Features
-
Eliminated Dialyzer warnings when using exit or throw.
Own Id: OTP-9050
1.10 cosNotification 1.1.15
Improvements and New Features
-
Switched from using the deprecated regexp to re instead.
Own Id: OTP-8846
1.11 cosNotification 1.1.14
Improvements and New Features
-
Test suites published.
Own Id: OTP-8543 Aux Id:
Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
-
Added missing trailing bracket to define in hrl-file.
Own Id: OTP-8489 Aux Id:
1.12 cosNotification 1.1.14
Improvements and New Features
-
Test suites published.
Own Id: OTP-8543 Aux Id:
Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
-
Added missing trailing bracket to define in hrl-file.
Own id: OTP-8489 Aux Id:
1.13 cosNotification 1.1.13
Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
-
Removed superfluous VT in the documentation.
Own Id: OTP-8353 Aux Id:
-
Removed superfluous backslash in the documentation.
Own Id: OTP-8354 Aux Id:
-
The documentation EIX file was not generated.
Own Id: OTP-8355 Aux Id:
1.14 cosNotification 1.1.12
Improvements and New Features
-
The documentation is now built with open source tools (xsltproc and fop) that exists on most platforms. One visible change is that the frames are removed.
Own Id: OTP-8201 Aux Id:
1.15 cosNotification 1.1.11
Improvements and New Features
-
Obsolete guards, e.g. record vs is_record, has been changed to avoid compiler warnings.
Own Id: OTP-7987
1.16 cosNotification 1.1.10
Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
-
Updated file headers.
Own Id: OTP-7837 Aux Id:
1.17 cosNotification 1.1.9
Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
-
Documentation source included in open source releases.
Own Id: OTP-7595 Aux Id:
1.18 cosNotification 1.1.8
Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
-
The CosNotification proxy objects ignored the gcLimit option, instead the gcTime value was used.
Own Id: OTP-7553 Aux Id:
1.19 cosNotification 1.1.7
Improvements and New Features
-
Updated file headers.
Own Id: OTP-7011
1.20 cosNotification 1.1.6
Improvements and New Features
-
The documentation source has been converted from SGML to XML.
Own Id: OTP-6754
1.21 cosNotification 1.1.5
Improvements and New Features
-
Minor Makefile changes.
Own Id: OTP-6701
1.22 cosNotification 1.1.4
Improvements and New Features
-
Removed some unused code.
Own Id: OTP-6527
1.23 cosNotification 1.1.3
Improvements and New Features
-
A user can now define the QoS EventReliability to be Persistent. Note, this is only a lightweight version and events will be lost if a proxy is terminated.
Own Id: OTP-5923
1.24 cosNotification 1.1.2
Improvements and New Features
-
Possible to configure cosNotification not to type check, by invoking corba_object:is_a/2, supplied IOR:s. When a type check fails, the feedback has been improved.
Own Id: OTP-5823 Aux Id: seq10143
1.25 cosNotification 1.1.1
Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
-
The app-file contained duplicated modules.
Own Id: OTP-4976
1.26 cosNotification 1.1
Improvements and New Features
-
The stub/skeleton-files generated by IC have been improved, i.e., depending on the IDL-files, reduced the size of the erl- and beam-files and decreased dependencies off Orber's Interface Repository. It is necessary to re-compile all IDL-files and use COS-applications, including Orber, compiled with IC-4.2.
Own Id: OTP-4576
1.27 cosNotification 1.0.6
Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
-
The exception CosNotifyFilter::InvalidValue, raised by the operation CosNotifyFilter::MappingFilter::add_mapping_constraints, did not contain correct data in the body. Hence, it was not possible to pass this exception to another ORB.
Own Id: OTP-4412
-
It was not possible to set the QoS property PacingInterval to zero and the default value was not compliant with the OMG specification. The default value for MaximumBatchSize have also been changed du to the same reason.
Own Id: OTP-4413, OTP-4414
Incompatibilities
-
The default value, for the QoS properties PacingInterval and MaximumBatchSize, have been changed to zero (i.e. no timeout) and 1 respectively, which is compliant with the OMG specification.
Own Id: OTP-4413, OTP-4414
1.28 cosNotification 1.0.5
Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
-
If one tries to set an unavailable/incorrect property or property value, an exception is thrown. In some cases the exception was not correct, which would cause problems if communicating via IIOP.
Own Id: OTP-4340
-
When using Filter's, with the QoS OrderPolicy set to FifoOrder, and passing a sequence of structured events, they could be delivered in the wrong order.
Own Id: OTP-4272
-
If Filter's where attached to Supplier proxies it could cause the Proxy to terminate.
Own Id: OTP-4272
1.29 cosNotification 1.0.4
Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
-
When passing event sequences, the PushSuppliers and PullSuppliers could crash if the objects had Filter objects associated and only a subset of the sequences where approved.
Own Id: OTP-4099
-
SupplierAdmin's did not filter any events, even though Filter objects had been attached to the SupplierAdmin.
Own Id: OTP-4098
-
If one used the '_get_default_supplier_admin'/1, exported by the CosNotifyChannelAdmin_EventChannel-module, it resulted in a loop which overloaded the channel. This is no longer the case.
Own Id: OTP-4086
-
If one used the '_get_default_filter_factory'/1, exported by the CosNotifyChannelAdmin_EventChannel-module, a new instance was created each time. Now fixed.
Own Id: OTP-4092
Incompatibilities
-
The include paths for CosNotification.idl have been changed. Hence, if you include this file in your own IDL-files you must update your paths to also point to where the cosEvent IDL-files are stored.
Own Id: OTP-4093
1.30 cosNotification 1.0.3
Improvements and New Features
-
It is now possible to start global channel factories.
Own Id: OTP-4078
-
The Orber, version 3.2.5 or later, configuration parameter orber_debug_level can now be used to generate reports when abnormal situations occurs. For more information consult the Orber User's Guide. Note, it is not recommended to use this option for delivered systems since some of the reports is not to be considered as errors. The value of orber_debug_level must be 3, or higher, for reports to be generated.
Own Id: OTP-4077, OTP-3962
Fixed Bugs and Malfunctions
-
When using the cosEvent API accessing a cosNotification admins the objects returned by the functions obtain_push_supplier, obtain_pull_supplier, obtain_push_consumer and obtain_pull_consumer was not of the correct type. Due to the interface change it is not possible to upgrade during runtime.
Own Id: OTP-4079
1.31 cosNotification 1.0.2
Improvements and New Features
-
First release of the cosNotification application.
Own Id: -


One of my earliest childhood memories is standing in the East Terrace of Musgrave Park(now Irish Independent Park) with my father, supporting Munster through thick and thin, rain, hail or shine.
I had little say as to whether I would be interested in rugby, as a result of my father's infectious enthusiasm for the sport famously invented by English schoolboy William Webb Ellis in 1823, when he allegedly picked up the ball during a school football game and ran with it.
Little has changed since those (usually rainy) days in Musgrave Park and my Dad and I still attend many Munster home-games each season. Rugby acts as a common interest that we share and bond over.
I can't remember when my love-affair with long-distance running began. Perhaps it is linked with my all-time favourite film, 'Forrest Gump' (1994), in which the protagonist goes on a run one day and keeps running for 3 years, 2 months, 14 days, and 16 hours.
Though my runs tend to be less extreme in nature, usually 5/10km, I have had the line "Run Forrest Run", yelled in my direction on one occasion!
I find running to be a wonderful means of clearing my head and I am of the firm opinion that there are few things more beneficial to one's mental health, particularly in this day and age, than going for a run in the fresh air.
I began playing soccer in Transition Year in school. When I was younger I often played soccer with my friends but never competitively. When I participated in a school tournament however, I decided to try my hand at my local club, Park Rangers. The team needed a goalkeeper and therefore that's where I played. I enjoyed the more physical aspect of this position, likely as a result of the time I spent playing rugby. I hope to join the UCC soccer club in the near future.


Learning Event-Sourcing (or DDD) is tough! i
Be kind to learners (including yourself)
Event-Sourcing isn't for your whole application
The fundamental idea of Event Sourcing is that of ensuring every change to the state of an application is captured in an event object, and that these event objects are themselves stored in the sequence they were applied for the same lifetime as the application state itself.
Martin Fowler
What happened?
BookWasCheckedOut
What do I need to remember about it?
(book, patron, date)
(book id, patron id, date)
<?php
namespace Library\Events;
use Library\Support\Event;
class BookWasCheckedOut
{
/**
* @var DateTime
*/
protected $checkoutDate;
/**
* @var int
*/
protected $patronId;
/**
* @var int
*/
protected $bookId;
public function __construct(DateTime $checkoutDate, PatronId $patronId, BookId $bookId)
{
$this->checkoutDate = $checkoutDate;
$this->patronId = $patronId;
$this->bookId = $bookId;
}
/**
* @return array
*/
public function serialize()
{
return [
'checkout_date' => $this->$checkoutDate->toString(),
'patron_id' => $this->patronId->toNative(),
'book_id' => $this->bookId->toNative(),
];
}
/**
* @param array $data
*
* @return static
*/
public static function deserialize($data)
{
return new BookWasCheckedOut(
DateTime::createFromFormat('j-M-Y', $data['checkout_date']),
PatronId::fromNative($data['patron_id']),
BookId::fromNative($data['book_id'])
);
}
/**
* @return int
*/
public function getBookId()
{
return $this->bookId;
}
/**
* @return DateTime
*/
public function getCheckoutDate(): DateTime
{
return $this->checkoutDate;
}
/**
* @return int
*/
public function getPatronId(): int
{
return $this->patronId;
}
}
<?php
namespace Library\ReadModel;
use Library\Events\BookWasCheckedIn;
use Library\Events\BookWasCheckedOut;
use Library\Events\BookAddedToBookshelf;
use App\Support\ReadModel\Replayable;
use App\Support\ReadModel\SimpleProjector;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Connection;
class BookshelfProjector extends SimpleProjector implements Replayable
{
/**
* @var Connection
*/
private $connection;
/**
* @var string table we're playing events into
*/
private $table = 'proj_bookshelf';
public function __construct(Connection $connection)
{
$this->connection = $connection;
}
public function beforeReplay()
{
$builder = $this->connection->getSchemaBuilder();
$builder->dropIfExists('proj_bookshelf');
$builder->create('proj_bookshelf_tmp', function (Blueprint $schema) {
$schema->string('book_id');
$schema->string('book_title');
$schema->string('book_author');
$schema->string('status');
$schema->string('checkout_date');
$schema->string('patron_id');
$schema->primary('book_id');
});
$this->table = 'proj_bookshelf_tmp';
}
public function afterReplay()
{
$builder = $this->connection->getSchemaBuilder();
$builder->dropIfExists('proj_bookshelf');
$builder->rename('proj_bookshelf_tmp', 'proj_bookshelf');
$this->table = 'proj_bookshelf';
}
/**
* @param BookWasCheckedOut $event
*/
public function applyBookWasCheckedOut(BookWasCheckedOut $event)
{
$bookshelfItem = BookshelfItem::where('id', $event->bookId);
$book->status = 'Checked Out';
$book->checkout_date = $event->checkoutDate;
$book->patron_id = $event->patronId;
$book->save();
}
/**
* @param BookAddedToBookshelf $event
*/
public function applyBookAddedToBookshelf(BookAddedToBookshelf $event)
{
$bookshelfItem = new BookshelfItem();
$bookshelfItem->setTable($this->table);
$bookshelfItem->bookId = $event->bookId;
$bookshelfItem->bookTitle = $event->bookTitle;
$bookshelfItem->bookAuthor = $event->bookAuthor;
$bookshelfItem->status = 'on shelf';
$bookshelfItem->save();
}
/**
* @param BookWasReturned $event
*/
public function applyBookWasReturned(BookWasReturned $event)
{
$bookshelfItem = BookshelfItem::where('id', $event->bookId);
$book->status = 'Available';
$book->checkout_date = '';
$book->patron_id = '';
$book->save();
}
}
A set of event handlers that work together to build and maintain a table to be accessed by the read model.
<?php
namespace Library\ReadModel;
use Carbon\Carbon;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
/**
* @codeCoverageIgnore
*/
class Bookshelf extends Model
{
protected $table = 'proj_bookshelf';
public $incrementing = false;
public $timestamps = false;
public static function lookupLoansFor($patronId)
{
return static::where('patron_id', $patronId)->get();
}
public function lookupAvailableBooks()
{
return static::where('status', 'Available')->get();
}
public function lookupOverdueBooks()
{
return static::where('checkout_date', '<', date('Y-m-d', strtotime('-7 days')))->get();
}
}
An application architecture pattern commonly used with event sourcing
CQRS involves splitting an application into two parts internally.
public function update(Request $request)
{
// $request has book id, patron id
try {
$command = new CheckOutBook($request->bookId, $request->patronId);
$this->bookLendingService->handleCheckOutBook($command);
} catch (InvalidUserException $e) {
return response()->json("Not authorized to check out a book.", Response::HTTP_FORBIDDEN);
} catch (BookUnavailableException $e) {
return response()->json("Book was not available to be checked out", 400);
}
<------ dynamic command handler ------>
private function handle(Command $command)
{
$method = $this->getHandleMethod($command);
if (! method_exists($this, $method)) {
return;
}
$this->$method($command);
}
private function getHandleMethod(Command $command)
{
return 'handle' . class_basename($command);
}
<-------- handle check out book command --------->
public function handleCheckoutOutBook(CheckOutBook $command)
{
$book = Book::findOrFail($command->bookId);
$patron = Patron::findOrFail($command->patronId);
if (!$book->isAvailable()) {
throw new BookUnavailableException();
}
if (!$patron->isAuthorized()) {
throw new InvalidUserException();
}
//record the event
$this->record(
new BookWasCheckedOut(date("Y-m-d H:i:s"),
$patron->getId(),
$book->getId())
);
}
A lot of our systems were built to replace paper processes
They often closely map to this physical form.
Status labels are like a rubber stamp
Status doesn't always communicate why or what happened
Piles indicate status of the form
Status is a reflection of something that happened
There is ONE of each status + reasons/details
Events can record what happened


Issue: NINTERSECTION-DESTRUCTIONDocument: X3J13/91-412
Reference: CLtL-II, p.429
Issue REMF-DESTRUCTION-UNSPECIFIED
Draft 10.156 (X3J13/91-103)
Draft 12.24 (X3J13/92-102)
Barrett's public review comment #24 (X3J13/92-2524)
Category: CLARIFICATION
Edit History: Version 1, 22-Dec-91, Kim Barrett
Version 2, 19-Apr-92, Kim Barrett
(Two proposals, note confused status)
Version 3, 20-Apr-92, Kim Barrett (KMP's comments)
Version 4, 7-Jun-92, Kim Barrett
Status: Confusion! One of the proposals (REVERT or PERMIT) was passed at
the 12/91 meeting, but there is disagrement as to which.
Draft 12.24 (X3J13/92-102) was written assuming that REVERT was
the passed proposal.
Barrett now asks us to reconsider proposal PERMIT.
Proposal REVERT passed 11-0 on letter ballot 93-302;
on same ballot, proposal PERMIT failed 2-6.
Problem Description:
Issue REMF-DESTRUCTION-UNSPECIFIED permits NINTERSECTION to modify either list
argument, contrary to the description of NINTERSECTION in CLtL, which
explicitly states that the second argument (list2) is not destroyed. It is
questionable whether this change was intentional or not, especially since
REMF-DESTRUCTION-UNSPECIFIED was categorized as a clarification rather than a
change.
Proposal (NINTERSECTION-DESTRUCTION:REVERT):
Affirm the wording from CLtL, prohibiting NINTERSECTION from modifying the
second (list2) argument.
Proposal (NINTERSECTION-DESTRUCTION:PERMIT):
Affirm the wording from REMF-DESTRUCTION-UNSPECIFIED, permitting NINTERSECTION
to modify either list argument.
Editorial Impact:
For REVERT:
None. The 12.24 draft assumes that REVERT was accepted.
For PERMIT:
Small. The two-line paragraph on p.14-51 of X3J13/92-102 describing the
difference between NINTERSECTION and INTERSECTION would have to be changed
slightly, specifying that both the LIST-1 and LIST-2 arguments may be
destroyed, rather than only permitting LIST-1 to be destroyed and requiring
that LIST-2 be preserved.
Rationale:
For REVERT:
The intent of REMF-DESTRUCTION-UNSPECIFIED was not to change side-effect
behavior, but to tack down places where we had all pretty much agreed on
side-effect behavior but never spelled it out. This was a case where CLtL
had spelled things out, and which was probably changed unintentionally.
Some older programs may depend on this argument not getting bashed, and it
would be a shame to have some implementation decide to bash it.
Don't make an apparently unintentional incompatible change.
For PERMIT:
Affirm the more recent decision, which went through more than two years of
discussion before finally being accepted. The intent of
REMF-DESTRUCTION-UNSPECIFIED was to permit greater implementation freedom
in order to achieve better performance; prohibiting the destruction of one
of the lists may have a negative performance impact.
A ``destructive'' function that is only permitted to destroy one of it's two
arguments (with no rationale for which argument may be destroyed and which
may not) is confusing; this is the only case of such.
Examples:
Current Practice:
Apple Macintosh Common Lisp 2.0 obeys REVERT.
Symbolics Genera 8.2 (and before) obeys REVERT.
Cost to Implementors:
None for PERMIT.
If REVERT is adopted, implementations that have been tracking the passed
cleanups and have taken advantage of the permission granted by
REMF-DESTRUCTION-UNSPECIFIED in this case will have to change. It may require
a significant amount of work to achieve similar performance. Implementations
that pre-existed the acceptance of that proposal may be able to revert to an
older source that obeyed the CLtL1 restriction.
Cost to Users:
For REVERT, no semantic cost for users; there may be a performance cost.
For PERMIT, an incompatible change. In some cases it may be quite difficult
to determine whether a call to NINTERSECTION can safely destroy the second
argument.
Performance Impact:
There may be a negative performance impact in choosing REVERT over PERMIT.
The ``obvious'' implementation is to iterate over the elements of one of the
lists and if that element appears in the other list then collect it, reusing
storage from the first list in the collection process. If the length of the
first list is less than the length of the second, this algorithm is
asymptotically as much as a factor of two slower than if the lists were
exchanged. Thus, by preventing such a choice of which list to destroy, REVERT
might result in slower performance for NINTERSECTION.
Discussion:
The status of this issue is unclear.
Date: Wed, 22 Jan 92 13:25:51 EST
From: kab (Kim Barrett)
To: Kent M Pitman<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Subject: Re: Issue: NINTERSECTION-DESTRUCTION (Version 1)
> Date: Sun, 22 Dec 1991 14:48 EST
> From<EMAIL_ADDRESS>(Kim Barrett)
>
> Does this look ok to you?
>
> No! My meeting notes say:
>
> "Move to say list-2 not modified. PASS 8-2"
>
> Lest you think I mis-noted this, I certainly remember lobbying for a
> position which said that REMF-DESTRUCTION-UNSPECIFIED had made the
> change unintentionally, and that we should revert the wording. Had I
> wanted to retain the wording, I would not have raised the issue.
Looks like we have a problem here. My notes just say
"NINTERSECTION-DESTRUCTION passed 8-2"
which is not very helpful. My memory says that we voted to affirm the
words in the draft (as stated in the draft writeup I sent you), but
obviously I could be mistaken. Unfortunately, the minutes are also
ambiguous:
(In document 91-003b.)
Vote: 7 - 2. Passed.
There isn't any such thing in the specified document. (I pointed this out
to Jan after the last version of minutes was mailed out).
The reference to REMF-DESTRUCTION-UNSPECIFIED in 91-003b was to the following
message:
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 1991 17:33-0400
From: Kent M Pitman<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Subject: possible issue NINTERSECTION-DESTRUCTION
To<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Cc<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>[Addressed to Kim because he's been keeping a list of my little nitpicks
and figuring out which shoudl be written up and distributed. Other
relevant individuals cc'd in case they have comments.]
One of Barmar's reviews turned up the following...
CLtL said plainly that list-2 was not destroyed by NINTERSECTION.
REMF-DESTRUCTION-UNSPECIFIED says quite clearly that it might be, even
though I think the intent of REMF-DESTRUCTION-UNSPECIFIED was mainly to
clarify points left vague by CLtL, not to introduce new things that were
possible to destroy.
The current draft is inconsistent in that in different places, it says
things that are consistent either with CLtL or with the cleanup issue.
The status quo is well-defined, so if no vote is taken I will believe
REMF-DESTRUCTION-UNSPECIFIED. But I don't think that people realized
they were making an incompatible change in this particular case, so I
wonder if the issue should be raised at X3J13 for confirmation.
As an aside, I note that CLtL2's wording also implies that this was a
"clarification" without making it apparent that an actual change had
occurred.


Robert Brown
- Software Development Expert & Shopify Partner
Becuille Blog
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I'm Justin Bishay! I graduated from the the University of Hawaii at Manoa in Spring of 2019 with a BS in Computer Science and again in Fall of 2021 with an MS in Computer Science.
I am a passionate gamer and have enjoyed playing various titles and genres of video games ever since I was a child. Now, I work as a professionally as a game developer at Bungie where I am a client-side software engineer.
Prior to my professional career, I had the opportunity to work on game design, virtual and augmented reality, and data visualization projects when I was a Research Assistant for the
Laboratory of Advanced Visualization and Applications (LAVA).
Outside of the world of technology, I used to work as a high school coach for cross-country and track and field at my former high school, Mid-Pacific Institute. I also volunteer as a Collegiate Esports team manager at the University of Hawaii, and I spend some time helping to organize and run some local Esports tournaments. I enjoy playing the guitar as a hobby as well.
Please refer to my resume for more about my professional experience and contact information.


Communicator History
<IP_ADDRESS> (December 14, 2020)
- Fixed reading data over TCP on Linux
<IP_ADDRESS> (June 23, 2020)
- Fixed reading strings from serial port on Linux
<IP_ADDRESS> (January 28, 2020)
- Fixed the service localization
- Fixed poll 1 time per day
- Added storage directory
<IP_ADDRESS> (August 29, 2019)
- Condition to stop reading by a byte sequence
- Fixed receiving data via the serial port in the Slave mode on Linux
<IP_ADDRESS> (April 22, 2019)
- Option defining whether to send only modified or all tags to a server
- Sending commands is enabled by default for new communication lines.
- Inactive channels are not bound to device tags.
- Access to the configuration database during device initialization.
- A driver can interact with Server directly.
- Added tag index field to KPTag class.
<IP_ADDRESS> (December 26, 2018)
- Refactoring the structure of the project source code
<IP_ADDRESS> (May 23, 2018)
- The status of the service is displayed in the status file
- Fixed a bug in reading from the serial port with a stop condition


Aiming to provide an easy place to search for and donate to Atlanta industry folk during this time of quarantine. Bars, restaurants, their employees, film industry. If you have an addition to make (or an edit to an existing listing!) please email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Thank you!
Here is a list of other resources that I've received.
Not Found!
If you have an addition to make please email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>57th Fighter Restaurant
Donation link:
8arm
8arm is doing curbside and donating a percentage of those sales to furlonged employees:
Anis Cafe & Bistro
Donation link:
Argosy
Donation link:
- March 25 (TODAY, at 5pm) - Pappy Von Raffle fundraiser for staff: https://www.facebook.com/events/166928954349266
Bogg's Social
Donation link:
Brewhouse Cafe
Details:
- GoFundMe link: https://www.gofundme.com/f/brewhouse-staff-rainy-day-fund
- Gift card link: https://squareup.com/gift/69M708AK0CW3V/order
- Website (with message): https://www.brewhousecafe.com/
Bun Mi Vietnamese Grill
Donation link:
Clermont Lounge
Donation link:
The Colonnade
Donation link:
Corner Cafe & Buckhead Bread Company
Donation link:
The DJ & Nightlife Workers Fund (ATL)
Donation link:
East Pole Coffee
Details:
- Option to donate to The Giving Kitchen when you order coffee on their website: https://eastpole.coffee/
El Ponce
Details:
- El Ponce is encouraging people to order delivery, takeout, and curbside pick up directly through this link: https://direct.chownow.com/order/7837/locations/10518. There are oven ready meals, frozen tamales & our full menu. We have our patio open to enjoy take out food & cocktails- limiting to ten guests spaced far apart!!
- We are also selling gift certificates and pre-selling merchandise to fund an employee account - https://www.elponce.com/merch. All proceeds will be used to pay staff, and tees & candles will be made and shipped post pandemic. Gift certificates are available now, but can be picked up at the restaurant post pandemic as well.
- We are asking everyone to call & write their elected officials - there is a major bailout for airlines
and hotels that leaves our industry out to dry. Here is a sample script if you'd like to use it and please
share!
Sample script (pdf)
Sample script (jpg)
Elder Tree
Donation links:
Euclid Avenue Yacht Club
Donation link:
Flatiron / Trophy Room
Donation link:
Giving Kitchen
Donation link:
The Glenwood
Donation link:
Hampton + Hudson
Donation link:
IATSE
Please take a quick moment to click through this and send our state representatives a letter to include us. It only takes 60 seconds.
Kaleidoscope Bistro & Pub
Donation link:
La Grotta
Details:
- Gift cards can be purchased in any denomination by calling the restaurant<PHONE_NUMBER>) or by stopping by the restaurant (2637 Peachtree Road) [not recommended as to ensure social distancing] or by email at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- http://www.tonetoatl.com/2020/03/special-local-restaurant-takes-action.html?m=1
Le Petit Marche
Donation link:
Likewise Bar & Lounge
Donation link:
Liquid Sky
Donation link:
Little Bear
Details:
- Donate or buy a gift card through our Venmo account @littlebearatl by writing ‘gift card’ or ‘donation’ in the memo + your full name & email address. It’ll go to my staff and to ensure we are ready to serve you, as we intended to, on the other side! Instagram post
The Little Tart Bakeshop
SWAG SALES will go directly into our employee relief fund... We also set up a Venmo where you can donate - Venmo name is TeamTart. 100% of donations will go to Little Tart and Big Softie’s team.
The Midway Pub
Donation links:
Muchacho / Ladybird / Golden Eagle
Merch shop with 100% of proceeeds going to employees:
Nakato Japanese Restaurant
The Nakato Family committed to taking care of our staff for a month. We are asking a dollar to dollar match to float everyone for the 2nd month.
Donation link:
North Highland Pub
Donation link:
The Poncey Highland Coffee Shop and Cafe
Donation link:
Refuge Coffee Co.
Donation link:
Restaurant Holmes
Donation link:
Rina
Link to Google doc with Venmo/PayPal donation info:
Sister Louisa's Church Of The Living Room And Ping Pong Emporium
Donation link:
Southern Belle & Georgia Boy
Donation link:
Taproom Coffee
Details:
- Venmo to @TaproomCoffee
- Also doing CoffeeGrams for service workers (sponsored by Oatly! Woo!) where folks can nominate local service industry folks to receive bags of coffee + cartons of Oatly free of charge
Thumbs Up Diner
Donation link:
Victory / Little Trouble / Lloyd's / S.O.S.
Donation link:
Vinny's
Donation link:
Wisteria
Donation link:
- https://www.gofundme.com/f/wisteria-employee-fund
“Thank you. Since 2001 and still staying strong! We Love You, Because You Have Loved Us. Please Hit the GoFundMe and Wisteria will match your donation with a gift card for you, once we re-open 😊”


Query
Mutation
First put a text in the first box
Then a number into the input below
If you put number that is less than 1 (just try 0). Check your console for error message.


The eye is an organ of the visual system. They allow the subject to see by detecting varying levels of light and converting that light into impulses. Eyes come in many different shapes and colors, but are often defined by genetics.
However, there are cases where the eyes get damaged, and as a result, get injured, leaving the host visually impaired. Common causes are refractive errors, cataracts, glaucoma, trachoma, age, and genetics.
Visual impairment isn't solely solvable through means such as glasses. Often times, physical therapy or surgery is needed to correct these disabilities. Sometimes, they may be unchangeable with our current technology. These people are labeled "legally blind" in the United States, due to them almost always having a vision of worse than 20/200.
As a certain All Star Code cohort would say, the eye is:
"Simple in its complexity, yet complex in its simplicity."


| GEOS SDK TechDocs
|
| 6 Graphics State
| 6.2 Working with GStates
Sometimes it's convenient to think of the GState as being analogous to the Properties boxes in GeoDraw. The GState keeps track of how the program wants to draw lines, text, and filled areas, just as the Line Properties, Text Properties, and Area Properties boxes keep track of how the GeoDraw user wants to draw these objects.
While handy, this analogy doesn't do the GState justice. The GState keeps track of many things:
-
Mix Mode
The graphics system allows for different mix modes (sometimes known as copy modes). These drawing modes permit the geode to draw in such ways that it erases instead of drawing, draws using the inverse of whatever it's drawing on, or uses various other modes.
-
Current Position (also known as Pen Position)
The graphics system keeps track of the position of the last thing drawn. If your geode wants to draw something else at this location, there are drawing commands that will draw at the current position.
-
Area Attributes
The GState contains information that the graphics system will use when filling areas. This information includes the color and fill pattern to use.
-
Line attributes
The graphics system uses information stored in the Graphics State to keep track of what color and pattern to use when drawing lines. The GState also keeps track of whether lines should be drawn as dotted, and if so what sort of dot-dash pattern to use. The GState contains the line width. It also contains line join information, which controls how lines will be drawn when they meet at an angle, as at the vertices of a polygon.
-
Text Attributes
The Graphics State contains the ID of the current font, the font size, and the text style. It also contains a color and pattern to use, information about the font, and some esoteric text-drawing options.
-
Coordinate Space Transformations
The GState keeps track of the current coordinate space transformation. If there is an associated window, the window's transformation matrix is maintained separately with the window's information.
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Associated Window
The GState knows the handle of the window associated with the GState. This is the window that will determine where drawings appear and how they are clipped.
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Associated GString
If the application is building a GString, the GState is aware of it. The GState contains a reference to the GString. When the graphics system turns graphics commands into GString elements, these elements will be appended to the referenced GString.
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Associated Path
If the application is building a path, the GState contains a pointer to the path along which new path elements are passed, similar to the way GString elements are passed. The GState also keeps track of whether the current path is to be combined with another path or should be used "as is."
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Clipping Information
The GState keeps track of clipping information in addition to that maintained by the window.
The function of many of these parts may be fairly intuitive to someone used to working with graphics programs. Some of the others may require additional explanation, especially when it comes to how to work with them.
| GEOS SDK TechDocs
|
| 6 Graphics State
| 6.2 Working with GStates


Buffalo Plains [at71], plain, in Imperia, peasants: 126
Last updated Turn #106
Buffalo Plains [at71], plain, in Imperia, peasants: 126
------------------------------------------------------------------------
24: Stefano [t8e], Imperial Empire, the High Priest of the Church of
24: Halon [157], with ten angels, 45 nazgul, arrived from the west,
24: accompanied by:
24: Lord Rodrigo Bane [c8b], Imperial Empire, Bishop of the Church of
24: Dol [153], with five angels, 40 hvy. xbowmen, 16 nazgul
25: Horde of rats [aj4l], rats, number: 42, went north.
25: Stefano [t8e], Imperial Empire, the High Priest of the Church of
25: Halon [157], with ten angels, 45 nazgul, went east, accompanied by:
25: Lord Rodrigo Bane [c8b], Imperial Empire, Bishop of the Church of
25: Dol [153], with five angels, 40 hvy. xbowmen, 16 nazgul
25: It has become quite foggy.
30: The population grows by one peasant.
Routes leaving Buffalo Plains:
North, mountain, to Imperial Mountains [as71], 10 days
East, plain, to Buffalo Plains [at72], 7 days
South, desert, to Painted Desert [au71], 8 days
West, plain, to Buffalo Plains [at70], 7 days
Garrison [dh4g], garrison, uncontrolled, with three pikemen
Inner locations:
Grassy field [ae2i], pasture, 1 day, owner:
Giant lizard [gt7x], giant lizards, number: 16
Ratspider [hi3v], ratspiders, number: 13
The province is blanketed in fog.
No one can be seen through the fog.


Introduction
Who hasn’t heard about Spotify? Me…
Back to 2 years ago, I have to be honest, I didn’t have any idea what Spotify is. What kind of iOS/Android app it can do and I didn’t have a chance to install it since there was no Spotify service in Indonesia.
Year later, when I completely forgot about Spotify, I decide to pursue master study in Sweden. People (friends, colleagues) are going for Australia (mostly), Singapore or Japan. Some landed in Germany, Netherlands or UK. Some of the smartest are in States. Yet, no one opted for Sweden.
I searched the internet and I’ve found Spotify again! Going deep into the darkest part of the internet looking for an answer and here I am, in Sweden, getting closer to a company who single-handedly shown a new way how music should be distributed. This is exactly what you should do to avoid nasty piracy, especially in Indonesia, but why it’s not available at that moment?
I’ve read here that as a new artist, being discovered by Spotify doesn’t necessarily help them to get a money. However, as an artist, being listened for your works deemed as more important, and in my opinion, Spotify takes a big role here.
Another breakthrough thing from Spotify is, with more than 20 million songs in the library, sure it needs a lot of effort to put which songs on which categories but it seems like Spotify has succesfully done it, generating plenty of different playlist that we can pick and listen. It saves us lot of time, especially for someone who love to listen new songs everyday. Pick suitable mood in the playlist and let Spotify decides what’s the best. I can’t really imagine if I have 20 million of songs in my drive, whenever I’m opening the music player, probably I will just listen to not more than 30 song titles. But now, with Spotify I did listen to much more songs than ever. I’ve discovered more and more good songs.
Things I’ve Done
My name is Yanuar Tri Aditya Nugraha. I was born 27 years ago in small city in Java, Indonesia. I have a bachelor degree in electrical engineering and now I am pursuing Computer Systems and Networks master programme in Chalmers University of Technology where I put more emphasizes about real-time systems, vehicular communications and computer security. I am in second year now and ready for thesis by the end of this year.
I have quite lot of experiences working on agile development. It was ~2 years working experience with software-defined radio for LTE 4G. It was a project funded by Indonesian government to accelerate the implementation of this technology. In sort, I was working with C-programming languages and MATLAB to derive embedded-system-friendly algorithms, e.g. cyclic redundancy check, fast fourier-transform, and turbo code.
Another project was with Microsoft, developing real-time melting effect on liquid simulations. Together as a three, we were given an existing real-time fluid simulation based on this and that that use Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics on Lagrangian fluid model. Then each of us had to pick certain scenario that can be developed and later on represented as a new validated (subjectively) results. I picked a scenario where thermodynamics is introduced to the system. It brings whole level of complexity as in fluid dynamics, as thermodynamics are applied, whole fluids behaviour, e.g, viscosity, density, friction, surface tension etc, are altered. However, by limiting the changing parameters with just viscosity and density, was considered enough to give a representative results.
This is one of the result that I’ve posted on my Youtube channel.
Not that much of something you have expected to see, but I am open for new stuffs and new experiences.
By this August, I was appointed to become one of the student ambassador in the university to help them promoting Chalmers abroad, especially Indonesia. I would like to carry Spotify name, alongside with other Swedish multinational companies, e.g., Volvo, Ericsson, Scania, SKF, DICE, etc. However, I don’t feel that I’m good enough since I never really involved directly with Spotify, other than just a member and spending a night on Study Night with Spotify last year. Somehow I want to contribute more than that.
Make IT Matter
I got the information what I need about this Make IT Matter event from Facebook. In a glimpse, with 3D2N format, it’s like a hackathon for me. And talking about hackathon, I’m not exactly sure whether I can contribute or not in a team, as I consider myself not really a software developer who has broad knowledge on software development tools, I do know some of JavaScript library, e.g. D3.js for data-driven visualisation, but my most used experience is in C language though. I don’t know if that will gonna be a big help. Probably that’s not a technical knowledge that will be needed much in a software company like Spotify, but I do love to have an opportunity to meet people all around the world in this event.
Getting to know with what’s gonna happen in the near future, especially if the news comes within one of the most successful software company who engineered the new music industry will definitely something to look up to. I would love to be inside the event with Spotify.
Thanks a lot and warm regards,
Yanu


Skardu Desert
Skardu Valley, which is 10 kilometers wide and almost 40 kilometers long, is located on the confluence of the famous River Indus and Shigar River. The grey-brown mountains overlooking the Skardu town hide the countless peaks of Karakorum mountain range, that also include four of the five eight thousanders located in Pakistan. The four peaks include the K-2, the Gasherbrums and the Broad Peak, besides the highest sheer verticals - the Trango Towers. Skardu is also the gateway to the Deosai Plains, the second highest plains in the world at 13,500 feet, stretched over an area of 3000 square kilometers.
Skardu is also the gateway to the Baltoro and Biafo glaciers, one of the biggest glaciers of the world. It is a unique place to visit, there is something else which is very unique and amazing at the height at which Skardu is located - the cold Skardu desert.
The Skardu desert, surrounded by valley covered with lush green vegetation, is said to be the highest cold desert in the world, as despite temperatures ranging between a maximum of 27 °C and a minimum (in October) 8 °C, which further drop to below -10 °C in the December-to-January, while the lowest temperature that can reach -25 °C, the Skardu Desert is really cold and freezing.


What happens when two waves of the same type overlap?
When two waves of the same type overlap, the new displacement at each point is equal to the displacement from wave one added to the displacement from wave two.
The velocity $v$ for waves of the same type is constant, so an increase in frequency must mean a decrease in wavelength.
Here are two waves 1 and 2. Try manipulating their amplitudes and frequencies and observe the resultant wave.
Notice that when the two waves have the same frequency (and thus same wavelength), their superposition results in a new wave, with an amplitude $A = A_1 + A_2$ and frequency $f = f_1 = f_2$.


6 Spreadsheet Refresher
Spreadsheets are everywhere, so it’s worth re-learning how to use them well. Reporters usually use spreadsheets in three ways:
To create original databases of events for sorting, filtering and counting. Examples include a long-running court case; the details of each opioid death in a city; a list of police shootings and their documents; or even a list of your own public records requests or contact log.
To use data created by others for fast, simple analysis and data cleanup. Many government agencies provide their information in spreadsheet form, but they often require some rejiggering before you can use them.
To perform simple, straightforward analysis on data and share with team members. This is becoming less common as more reporters learn programming languages, but it’s still common in newsrooms to share data, especially through Google Sheets.
This guide will Google Sheets since the program is available to anyone regardless of operating system. Google Sheets are easy to share for reporting teams.
Some reporters flinch at typing in 30 or 100 entries into a spreadsheet. You shouldn’t. If you learn to take notes in a structured way, you’ll always be able to find and verify your work. If you try to calculate a sum of 30 numbers on a calculator, you’ll have to type them all in at least twice anyway. Also, getting used to these easy tasks on a spreadsheet keeps your muscles trained for when you need to do more.
6.1 Re-learning Excel from the ground up
The spreadsheet grid
::: {.pl-2rem .float-right .col-md-4}
When you start up a spreadsheet, you’ll see letters across the top and numbers down the side. If you ever played Battleship, you’ll recognize the idea – every little square, or cell, is referenced by the intersection of its column letter and row number:
B2 is the cell that is currently active. You can tell because it’s outlined in the sheet and it’s shown on the upper left corner.
Mouse shapes
| The Copy Tool, or the thin black cross. When you see this, you’ll copy anything that’s selected. This can be good or bad. | |
| The Evil Hand. If you use this symbol, you will MOVE the selection to a new location. This is very rarely a good idea or something you intend. |
Selecting cells and ranges
Spreadsheets act only on the cells or regions you have selected. If you begin typing, you’ll start entering information into the currently selected cell.
To select: Hold the cursor over the cell and click ONCE – not twice. Check the formula bar to make sure you’ve selected what you think you’ve got. You can also look at the bottom right of your spreadsheet for more information.
You’ll often work with ranges of cells in formulas. These are defined by the corners of the area you want to work on – often a column of information. In the example below, the range is A1:C6, with the “:” referring to the word “through”.
To select a group of cells and act on them all at once: Hover the cursor over one corner, click ONCE and drag to the diagonal corner. Make sure the Evil Hand is nowhere to be seen. The entire area will be shaded in except for the currently selected cell. Look at the upper right corner to see how many rows and columns you selected.
To select a column or row : Hover the cursor over the letter at the top of the column. For a row, hover it over the row number in the margin
Reading the screen
The areas of the spreadsheet have different visual clues, and learning to read them will make your life much easier.
This image shows some key areas on the screen when you’re just viewing the sheet:
This is how it changes when you’re editing
Entering data
Select the cell and start typing. The information you type won’t be locked into the cell until you hit the Return / Enter key, or move your selection to another cell. Hit “Escape” to cancel the entry.
You can’t do a lot of things while you’re editing, so if you have a lot of greyed out menu items, look at your formula bar to see if you are still editing a cell.
If you’re having trouble getting to a menu item or seeing the result of your work, try hitting “Escape” and try again. You may not have actually entered the information into the sheet.
Locking in headings
As your spreadsheet grows vertically with more rows, you’ll want to be able to see the top all the time. When it grows horizontally with more columns, you’ll probably want to see columns in the left, such as names. This is called “Freezing Panes” – you freeze part of the page so it stays in place when you move around.
Select View in the menu, then Freeze, then the number of rows to freeze. Select 1 row. As you now scroll down the sheet, your headings will remain but you can see the data as you move deeper into the sheet.
Formatting tricks
Use the buttons or the format dialog box to make numbers easier to read.
If a column is filled with a lot of text, select Format, then Wrapping from the menu to wrap text. This means that when you double-click to widen a column, it will get taller, not wider. This is good when you need to save valuable real estate on the screen.
6.2 Getting started with a dataset
SLOW DOWN! Don’t do anything until you understand what you have in front of you and can predict what your next mouse click will do to it.
Most data we encounter was created by someone else for some purpose other than ours. This means that you can’t assume anything. It may not be complete. It may be inaccurate. It may mean something completely different than it appears at first blush.
First steps
- Document where you got the spreadsheet and how you can get back to the original. Create a new tab (click the + sign in the lower left), name it Data Dictionary, copy the URL of your source data and any other notes about it. Make this your regular practice. It will save time and stress on deadline.
- Read anything you can about what it contains. Look for documentation that comes with the data.
- Save the original into a safe place with its original name and metadata. Work on a copy.
- If the spreadsheet shows #### instead of words or numbers, widen your columns. If it shows 7E-14 or something like that, format them as numbers, not “General”.
- Check your corners – look at the top left and bottom right. Is the data all in one area? Are there footnotes or other non-data sections mixed in? We’re going to want to fix that later.
Interview your data
Headings
The most fraught part of data reporting is understanding what each column actually means. These often have cryptic, bureaucratic names. You may need to go back to the source of the data to be sure you actually understand them.
 In effect, you’ll need to build what we call a data dictionary or record layout if one hasn’t been provided. Many reporters create these as a page in a dataset.
Unit of analysis
A unit of analysis refers to the items that are listed in the rows of your dataset. Ideally, every row should be at the same unit of analysis – a person, an inspection, or a city, for example. Summaries should be separated by a blank row, or moved to a different sheet. Think of this as the noun you’d use to describe every row.
Row numbers
The data was probably given to you in some sort of natural sort order. Different computer systems sort differently – some are case-sensitive, others are not. It may depend on when and where the data as created! The order of the data may even depend on a column you don’t have. If you don’t do something now, you’ll never be able to get back to the original order, which could have meaning for both the agency and for fact-checking.
6.3 Video walkthrough
These first steps, along with adding an ID row, are shown here. You can follow along with the same dataset.
Getting started with Google Sheets
[Getting started with Google Sheets](https://www.youtube.com/embed/1hGoYzmkhfc)
6.4 Keyboard shortcuts
Google Sheets keyboard shortcuts can be found in the menu: Help, then Keyboard Shortcuts.


Home
About Us
Contact Us
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virtual void | Write (long id, float score, const data::SoftAlignment &align={}) override |
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virtual void | Write (long id, const std::string &message) |
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typedef std::map< long, std::string > | Outputs |
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std::string | getAlignment (const data::SoftAlignment &align) |
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float | getAlignmentThreshold (const std::string &str) |
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long | nextId_ {0} |
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UPtr< OutputFileStream > | outStrm_ |
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boost::mutex | mutex_ |
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The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:


The Amazon Chime SDK for JavaScript, in conjunction with WebRTC, allows you to configure quality and bandwidth options for meeting sessions. It provides both automatic and manual controls to adapt to changing network conditions. Finding the right balance of quality and performance can be challenging when either the client's network or CPU is constrained. As network reliability and available bandwidth decrease, quality and functionality trade-offs must be made in real time to preserve the viability of the meeting. This guide gives an overview of challenges associated with devices and networks, degradation detection mechanisms, and mitigations for various levels of degradation.
When designing an application that shares audio and video you should determine which functionality is most important to your end users. Just as responsive web design allows a single web application to adapt to changing screen sizes, the audio-video component of your application can also be responsive to changing device and network conditions. For example, in a collaborative meeting it may be acceptable to gracefully degrade to an audio-only experience. However, in a presentation where the screen is shared, the presenter audio and screen share video may be the most important.
To join an Amazon Chime SDK meeting, each client traverses the public internet to connect to the media services for that meeting which are hosted by the AWS Global Infrastructure in one of the available SDK media regions. The following key factors influence the client experience:
Application performance: if your client application is consuming a lot of CPU, then it may hinder the device from simultaneously processing media and transmitting and receiving network packets.
Client device performance: transcoding audio and video in real-time is CPU intensive and may both decrease performance and further constrain the device's network adapter. Browsers may or may not support hardware acceleration depending on the codec profile and device hardware. Furthermore, browsers do not allow you to directly monitor CPU usage, so it can be difficult to tell whether CPU consumption is a factor in performance issues for your end-user devices.
Differences in uplink and downlink: In order for an attendee to send audio or video to a remote attendee, both the sender's uplink and the receiver's downlink must have enough bandwidth. However, most end users will be on a network that has more downlink (receiving) bandwidth than uplink (sending) bandwidth. It can be challenging to determine whether a drop in quality is due to constraints of the sender, the receiver, or both.
Last mile network connectivity: issues with WiFi, local area network, or the internet service provider may limit the effective bandwidth due to packet loss, bandwidth caps, or other hardware limitations.
Complexity and length of the network path: meeting attendees that are geographically distant from the SDK media region may experience higher packet loss, jitter, and round-trip times due to the number of intermediate networks, which may vary in quality.
The Amazon Chime SDK for JavaScript produces several kinds of events on the AudioVideoObserver to monitor connectivity and quality. Use the following events and key health metrics to monitor the performance of the meeting session in real time. For code snippets showing how to subscribe to these events, see Monitoring and Alerts.
Metrics derived from WebRTC stats are not guaranteed to be present in all browsers. In such cases the value may be missing.
For the browser support columns below, "All" refers to the browsers officially supported by the Chime SDK.
Indicates that the audio connection is experiencing packet loss. Stopping local video and pausing remote video tiles may help the connection recover by reducing CPU usage and network consumption.
The signalStrength field indicates whether the server is receiving the remote attendee's audio. A value of 1 indicates a good connection, a value of 0.5 or 0 indicates some or total packet loss. Since each attendee receives the signal strength for all attendees, this event can be used to monitor the ability of attendees to share their audio in real-time.
Exposes the WebRTC getStats metrics. There may be differences among browsers as to which metrics are reported.
All
Note: We have built a video WebRTC statistics widget in the demo browser meeting app. This widget is shown as an overlay on the video, when the video is enabled.
You get the following WebRTC stats in the video stats widget:
Downstream video information: Frame height, Frame width, Bitrate (bps), Packet Loss (%), Frame Rate (fps).
You can also use this event to get the raw RTCStatsReport through clientMetricReport.getRTCStatsReport()
You can check the implementation in the demo app to build your own custom widget
(look for getObservableVideoMetrics method in the demo). This video stats widget is built using the getObservableVideoMetrics and the metricsDidReceive APIs. Through the information provided in these stats, the application can monitor key attributes and take action. For instance if the bitrate or resolution falls below a certain threshold, the user could be notified in some manner, or diagnostic reporting could take place.
WebRTC will automatically reduce video frame rate, resolution, and bandwidth if it detects that it is unable to send video at the specified rate due to bandwidth or CPU.
Use the browser's built-in developer tools to profile your application and determine whether there are any hotspots. When handling real-time events (prefixed with realtime) ensure that you are doing as little processing as possible. See the API Overview section on building a roster for more information. In particular, look out for expensive DOM updates (such as when manipulating the roster or video tile layout).
When possible, profile on devices that have similar performance characteristics to the ones you expect to be used by your end users.
Sometimes it is better to sacrifice video quality in order to prioritize audio. You can call chooseVideoInputQuality(width, height, frameRate) and setVideoMaxBandwidthKbps(maxBandwidthKbps) to lower the maximum bandwidth in real-time. You can also adjust the resolution and frame rate if you call the method before starting local video (or stop and then restart the local video). See the section below on values you can use for chooseVideoInputQuality.
In the absence of packet loss, keep in mind that the sender uplink and receiver downlink consume the same bandwidth for each video tile. Mitigations affecting one sender's uplink can benefit all receiver's downlinks. This means that in order to help receiver's, sometimes the best course of action is to lower the bandwidth consumed by the sender.
You can choose a video quality of up to 1280x720 (720p) at 30 fps using chooseVideoInputQuality(width, height, frameRate) and setVideoMaxBandwidthKbps(maxBandwidthKbps) APIs before the meeting session begins. However, in some cases it is not necessary to send the highest quality and you can use a lower values. For example, if the size of the video tile is small then the highest quality may not be worth the additional bandwidth and CPU overhead.
The default resolution in the SDK is 540p at 15 fps and 1400 Kbps. Lower resolutions can be set if you anticipate a low bandwidth situation. Browser and codec support for very low resolutions may vary.
The value maxBandwidthKbps is a recommendation you make to WebRTC to use as the upper limit for upstream sending bandwidth. The Chime SDK default is 1400 Kbps for this value. The following table provides recommendations of minimum bandwidth value per resolution for typical video-conferencing scenarios. Note that when low values are selected the video can be appear pixelated. Using 15 fps instead of 30 fps will substantially decrease the required bit rate and may be acceptable for low-motion content.
Resolution
Frame Rate Per Sec
Min Kbps
180p
30
100
360p
30
250
480p
30
400
540p
30
500
720p
30
1400
Setting a frame rate below 15 is not recommend and will cause the video to appear jerky and will not significantly improve the bandwidth consumed since key frames will still be sent occasionally. It would be better to adjust the resolution than set a very low frame rate.
When more video is being received than available estimated downlink bandwidth can support, the event videoNotReceivingEnoughData can is triggered with a list of attendee IDs and the bandwidth being consumed due to them. You can use this information to selectively pause attendees that are sending the highest bitrate video streams using pauseVideoTile. When a video tile is paused, the action only affects your client. It does not pause the video for other attendees.
Browser clients currently only send one stream resolution. You would only need to use this function if you were also using the Amazon Chime SDK for iOS or the Amazon Chime SDK for Android.
Simulcast is a standardized technique in WebRTC to enhance video quality in a multi-party call. Amazon Chime SDK for JavaScript provides a video simulcast solution for Chromium-based browsers. To use simulcast, please refer to the documentation here.
Give feedback on this guide
Quality, Bandwidth, and Connectivity
The Amazon Chime SDK for JavaScript, in conjunction with WebRTC, allows you to configure quality and bandwidth options for meeting sessions. It provides both automatic and manual controls to adapt to changing network conditions. Finding the right balance of quality and performance can be challenging when either the client's network or CPU is constrained. As network reliability and available bandwidth decrease, quality and functionality trade-offs must be made in real time to preserve the viability of the meeting. This guide gives an overview of challenges associated with devices and networks, degradation detection mechanisms, and mitigations for various levels of degradation.
Goals
When designing an application that shares audio and video you should determine which functionality is most important to your end users. Just as responsive web design allows a single web application to adapt to changing screen sizes, the audio-video component of your application can also be responsive to changing device and network conditions. For example, in a collaborative meeting it may be acceptable to gracefully degrade to an audio-only experience. However, in a presentation where the screen is shared, the presenter audio and screen share video may be the most important.
Challenges
To join an Amazon Chime SDK meeting, each client traverses the public internet to connect to the media services for that meeting which are hosted by the AWS Global Infrastructure in one of the available SDK media regions. The following key factors influence the client experience:
Detection Mechanisms
The Amazon Chime SDK for JavaScript produces several kinds of events on the AudioVideoObserver to monitor connectivity and quality. Use the following events and key health metrics to monitor the performance of the meeting session in real time. For code snippets showing how to subscribe to these events, see Monitoring and Alerts.
Metrics derived from WebRTC stats are not guaranteed to be present in all browsers. In such cases the value may be missing.
For the browser support columns below, "All" refers to the browsers officially supported by the Chime SDK.
Events for monitoring local attendee downlink
Events for monitoring remote attendee uplink
signalStrength
field indicates whether the server is receiving the remote attendee's audio. A value of 1 indicates a good connection, a value of 0.5 or 0 indicates some or total packet loss. Since each attendee receives the signal strength for all attendees, this event can be used to monitor the ability of attendees to share their audio in real-time.Metrics exposed directly from the WebRTC peer connection
Events for monitoring currently active simulast layers
Mitigations
Automatic mitigations
WebRTC will automatically reduce video frame rate, resolution, and bandwidth if it detects that it is unable to send video at the specified rate due to bandwidth or CPU.
Mitigations to conserve CPU
Application profiling
Use the browser's built-in developer tools to profile your application and determine whether there are any hotspots. When handling real-time events (prefixed with
realtime
) ensure that you are doing as little processing as possible. See the API Overview section on building a roster for more information. In particular, look out for expensive DOM updates (such as when manipulating the roster or video tile layout).When possible, profile on devices that have similar performance characteristics to the ones you expect to be used by your end users.
Choose a lower local video quality
Sometimes it is better to sacrifice video quality in order to prioritize audio. You can call chooseVideoInputQuality(width, height, frameRate) and setVideoMaxBandwidthKbps(maxBandwidthKbps) to lower the maximum bandwidth in real-time. You can also adjust the resolution and frame rate if you call the method before starting local video (or stop and then restart the local video). See the section below on values you can use for
chooseVideoInputQuality
.Pause remote videos
Calling pauseVideoTile on remote video tiles will reduce the amount of CPU consumed due to decoding remote attendee video.
Mitigations to conserve bandwidth
In the absence of packet loss, keep in mind that the sender uplink and receiver downlink consume the same bandwidth for each video tile. Mitigations affecting one sender's uplink can benefit all receiver's downlinks. This means that in order to help receiver's, sometimes the best course of action is to lower the bandwidth consumed by the sender.
Adjust local video quality
You can choose a video quality of up to 1280x720 (720p) at 30 fps using chooseVideoInputQuality(width, height, frameRate) and setVideoMaxBandwidthKbps(maxBandwidthKbps) APIs before the meeting session begins. However, in some cases it is not necessary to send the highest quality and you can use a lower values. For example, if the size of the video tile is small then the highest quality may not be worth the additional bandwidth and CPU overhead.
Example:
The default resolution in the SDK is 540p at 15 fps and 1400 Kbps. Lower resolutions can be set if you anticipate a low bandwidth situation. Browser and codec support for very low resolutions may vary.
The value
maxBandwidthKbps
is a recommendation you make to WebRTC to use as the upper limit for upstream sending bandwidth. The Chime SDK default is 1400 Kbps for this value. The following table provides recommendations of minimum bandwidth value per resolution for typical video-conferencing scenarios. Note that when low values are selected the video can be appear pixelated. Using 15 fps instead of 30 fps will substantially decrease the required bit rate and may be acceptable for low-motion content.Setting a frame rate below 15 is not recommend and will cause the video to appear jerky and will not significantly improve the bandwidth consumed since key frames will still be sent occasionally. It would be better to adjust the resolution than set a very low frame rate.
Turning off local video
In some situations it may be best to turn off the local video tile to improve audio uplink, CPU consumption, or remote attendee downlink.
You can also observe the connectionDidSuggestStopVideo event to monitor audio packet loss and use that as a cue to turn off local video using stopLocalVideoTile.
Configure a video uplink policy
The SDK by default uses the NScaleVideoUplinkBandwidthPolicy which monitors number of participants in the meeting and automatically scales down the maxBandwidthKbps as the number of remote video tiles increases. This can be customized by implementing a VideoUplinkBandwidth Policy and setting it in the MeetingSessionConfiguration class.
Pause remote attendee video
When more video is being received than available estimated downlink bandwidth can support, the event videoNotReceivingEnoughData can is triggered with a list of attendee IDs and the bandwidth being consumed due to them. You can use this information to selectively pause attendees that are sending the highest bitrate video streams using pauseVideoTile. When a video tile is paused, the action only affects your client. It does not pause the video for other attendees.
Use active speaker detection
You can use the active speaker detector to show only the video of the active speakers and pause other videos.
Configure a video downlink policy
By default the SDK uses the AllHighestVideoBandwidthPolicy, but VideoAdaptiveProbePolicy is used if simulcast is enabled. AllHighestVideoBandwidthPolicy subscribes to the highest quality video of all participants and VideoAdaptiveProbePolicy tries to subscribe to videos based on the browser downlink estimate, dropping videos in case of not enough bandwidth.
You can customize the default downlink policy by setting the VideoDownlinkBandwidthPolicy in MeetingSessionConfiguration class.
Browser clients currently only send one stream resolution. You would only need to use this function if you were also using the Amazon Chime SDK for iOS or the Amazon Chime SDK for Android.
Use video simulcast
Simulcast is a standardized technique in WebRTC to enhance video quality in a multi-party call. Amazon Chime SDK for JavaScript provides a video simulcast solution for Chromium-based browsers. To use simulcast, please refer to the documentation here. Give feedback on this guide


I received a reply to the email I sent yesterday to the Walsall Council Anti-Social Behaviour Coordinator and Neighbourhood Policing department within the Walsall Police Service. My email questioned the authorities on what was being planned to curb the antisocial behaviour on our estate.I expected no response for a week or so and was suprised this afternoon when I got home to see a response from a Council representative. The response suggested that the council would speak to the police regarding the issue and sent some forms to print off and file in for each antisocial behaviour incident I saw. So I have printed these and will distribute around the neighbourhood and fill in as appropriate.


Doge Social Network
Home
Profile
Friends
Profile of Doge
Name:
Doge
Birtday:
Top secret
Occupation:
Celebrity
Area of ocupation:
Web


How did you guess that the green light was a button to trigger this little easter egg? Anyway, I hope you had fun playng this little game! Tap anywhere to close


ABOUT THE COMPANY
S.K Samanta & Co.Pvt.Ltd. is an infrastructural based company that has diversified into steel-sector by setting up an automated TNT bar mill at Bilaspur,Chhattisgarh state and is currently lokking to expand the firm's operations by delving into the new emerging markets of e-commerce.
Mission
SKSL aims at executing turnkey multidisciplinary projects with total customer satisfaction amidst innovatiove engineering and quality management acumen within the stipulated time frame. The quest fro excellence is a continuous one, and SKSL with its team of dedicated individuals cohere to the mantra of quality,collective,involvement work as a team in each project.
The DET NORSE VERITAS, a reputable instituition has awarded management certificate to S.K.Samanta & Co.(P) Ltd., and we strive to be an innovative company committed to delivering excellence in all areas of our business.
SKSL | 2020


@* * Copyright 2023 HM Revenue & Customs * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. *@ @import config.ApplicationConfig @import views.ViewUtils.titleBuilder @import uk.gov.hmrc.govukfrontend.views.html.components._ @this(newMain: newMain, govukBackLink : GovukBackLink, govukButton : GovukButton) @()(implicit authContext: StandardAuthRetrievals, messages: Messages, request: Request[AnyContent], appConfig: ApplicationConfig) @backLinkHtml = { @govukBackLink(BackLink( href = "javascript:history.back()", content = Text("Back") )) } @newMain(title = titleBuilder(messages("ated.reliefs.error.title"))) { @backLinkHtml
@messages("ated.reliefs.error.wrong-period")
@govukButton(Button( content = Text(messages("ated.reliefs.error.wrong-period.button")), href=Some(controllers.routes.HomeController.home().url), attributes = Map("id" -> "relief-error-ated-home-link") ))


Only form with more than one list needs the query logic.
Add more fields with other lists in the form first to add logic for the lists.
1">
{{list.title}}
First list gets loaded from the 'Id' Url parameter.
0">


#include <state_ops.h>
Update 'ref' by assigning 'value' to it.
This operation outputs "ref" after the assignment is done. This makes it easier to chain operations that need to use the reset value.
Arguments:
Variable
node. May be uninitialized.Optional attributes (see Attrs
):
Returns:
Output
: = Same as "ref". Returned as a convenience for operations that want to use the new value after the variable has been reset.
Constructors and Destructors |
|
|---|---|
Assign(const ::tensorflow::Scope & scope, ::tensorflow::Input ref, ::tensorflow::Input value)
|
|
Assign(const ::tensorflow::Scope & scope, ::tensorflow::Input ref, ::tensorflow::Input value, const Assign::Attrs & attrs)
|
Public attributes |
|
|---|---|
operation
|
|
output_ref
|
Public functions |
|
|---|---|
node() const
|
::tensorflow::Node *
|
operator::tensorflow::Input() const
|
|
operator::tensorflow::Output() const
|
|
Public static functions |
|
|---|---|
UseLocking(bool x)
|
|
ValidateShape(bool x)
|
Structs |
|
|---|---|
|
tensorflow:: |
Optional attribute setters for Assign. |
Operation operation
::tensorflow::Output output_ref
Assign( const ::tensorflow::Scope & scope, ::tensorflow::Input ref, ::tensorflow::Input value )
Assign( const ::tensorflow::Scope & scope, ::tensorflow::Input ref, ::tensorflow::Input value, const Assign::Attrs & attrs )
::tensorflow::Node * node() const
operator::tensorflow::Input() const
operator::tensorflow::Output() const
Attrs UseLocking( bool x )
Attrs ValidateShape( bool x )


Neil Morrissey's panel show appearances
Neil Morrissey (born 1962-07-04[ref]) has appeared in 23 episodes between 1995-2011. Neil Morrissey on IMDB. Neil Morrissey on Wikipedia.
- 2011-09-09 / A Question of Sport
- 2011-06-16 / Loose Women
- 2011-03-17 / Loose Women
- 2010-05-27 / Loose Women
- 2010-03-25 / A League Of Their Own
- 2010-03-11 / A League Of Their Own
- 2008-01-09 / Loose Women
- 2007-08-10 / Loose Women
- 2007-07-14 / Would I Lie To You?
- 2006-03-19 / Petrolheads
- 2006-03-12 / Petrolheads
- 2006-03-05 / Petrolheads
- 2006-02-26 / Petrolheads
- 2006-02-24 / 8 Out of 10 Cats
- 2006-02-19 / Petrolheads
- 2006-02-12 / Petrolheads
- 2000-05-11 / They Think It's All Over
- 1999-06-10 / It's Only TV But I Like It
- 1997-09-29 / Never Mind The Buzzcocks
- 1996-05-07 / Have I Got News For You
- 1996-03-12 / They Think It's All Over
- 1995-12-27 / Shooting Stars
- 1995-11-24 / Have I Got News For You


Comments
; This is a comment
Strings
"foo ""bar"" baz"
Numbers
123
123.456
123.456e789
0xAF
Full example
;----Open the selected favorite
f_OpenFavorite:
; Fetch the array element that corresponds to the selected menu item:
StringTrimLeft, f_path, f_path%A_ThisMenuItemPos%, 0
if f_path =
return
if f_class = #32770 ; It's a dialog.
{
if f_Edit1Pos <> ; And it has an Edit1 control.
{
; Activate the window so that if the user is middle-clicking
; outside the dialog, subsequent clicks will also work:
WinActivate ahk_id %f_window_id%
; Retrieve any filename that might already be in the field so
; that it can be restored after the switch to the new folder:
ControlGetText, f_text, Edit1, ahk_id %f_window_id%
ControlSetText, Edit1, %f_path%, ahk_id %f_window_id%
ControlSend, Edit1, {Enter}, ahk_id %f_window_id%
Sleep, 100 ; It needs extra time on some dialogs or in some cases.
ControlSetText, Edit1, %f_text%, ahk_id %f_window_id%
return
}
; else fall through to the bottom of the subroutine to take standard action.
}
else if f_class in ExploreWClass,CabinetWClass ; In Explorer, switch folders.
{
if f_Edit1Pos <> ; And it has an Edit1 control.
{
ControlSetText, Edit1, %f_path%, ahk_id %f_window_id%
; Tekl reported the following: "If I want to change to Folder L:\folder
; then the addressbar shows http://www.L:\folder.com. To solve this,
; I added a {right} before {Enter}":
ControlSend, Edit1, {Right}{Enter}, ahk_id %f_window_id%
return
}
; else fall through to the bottom of the subroutine to take standard action.
}
else if f_class = ConsoleWindowClass ; In a console window, CD to that directory
{
WinActivate, ahk_id %f_window_id% ; Because sometimes the mclick deactivates it.
SetKeyDelay, 0 ; This will be in effect only for the duration of this thread.
IfInString, f_path, : ; It contains a drive letter
{
StringLeft, f_path_drive, f_path, 1
Send %f_path_drive%:{enter}
}
Send, cd %f_path%{Enter}
return
}
; Since the above didn't return, one of the following is true:
; 1) It's an unsupported window type but f_AlwaysShowMenu is y (yes).
; 2) It's a supported type but it lacks an Edit1 control to facilitate the custom
; action, so instead do the default action below.
Run, Explorer %f_path% ; Might work on more systems without double quotes.
return


LESSO
CHINA LESSO GROUP HOLDINGS LIMITED
As China’s largest plastic pipes and fittings manufacturer, China LESSO Group Holdings Limited (Hong Kong Stock Code: 2128) has built its long-lasting manufacturing reputation on a foundation of innovation, production advantages and exacting business ethics. China LESSO’s vast production experience and large in-house tooling capability enable us to provide high-quality products with competitive pricing.
Ranking among the top 3 of our kind in the world, we delivered more than 2 billion pounds of plastic pipes and fittings, and generated US$2 billion in revenue in 2013 alone. We are compliant with the same stringent inspection standards as US-made projects, and have demonstrated our commitment to the global service market through our network of 30 subsidiaries, including 25 manufacturing facilities in China, the USA and Canada. Above all, customer service excellence is the most integral part of China LESSO's DNA. We understand the importance of logistics in serving our customers quickly and efficiently. For the last two decades, satisfying the ever-changing needs of our customers has been our steadfast formula for success.
Click to China LESSO >
Ranking among the top 3 of our kind in the world, we delivered more than 2 billion pounds of plastic pipes and fittings, and generated US$2 billion in revenue in 2013 alone. We are compliant with the same stringent inspection standards as US-made projects, and have demonstrated our commitment to the global service market through our network of 30 subsidiaries, including 25 manufacturing facilities in China, the USA and Canada. Above all, customer service excellence is the most integral part of China LESSO's DNA. We understand the importance of logistics in serving our customers quickly and efficiently. For the last two decades, satisfying the ever-changing needs of our customers has been our steadfast formula for success.


%UseLnInsteadOfLog
TurnOffApproximations{}0;
TurnOffRules(CommonDenominator, CommonDenominatorOneNonFraction);
b=RandomInteger{}((- 5, - 1), (1, 5));
c=RandomInteger{}(- 5, 5);
f = x^3 - a x^2 + b x + c;
theA = 1;
theFSpecialized = (a = theA; f)_2;
theX = RandomInteger((- 2, - 1), (1, 2));
theY = (x = theX; f)_2;
theYspecialized = (x = theX; theFSpecialized)_2;
leftPoint = - 3.5;
rightPoint = 3.5;
d/dx a = 0;
theDerivative = d/dx f;
theSlope = (x = theX; theDerivative)_2;
normalSlope = - 1 / theSlope;
(a = theA; normalSlope);
tangentFun = (x - theX) * theSlope + theY;
normalFun = (x - theX) * normalSlope + theY;
tangentFunSpecialized = (a = theA; tangentFun)_2;
theUnit = (x = 3.5; theFSpecialized)_2 / 40 ;
theAanswer = RandomInteger{}(- 6, 6) / RandomInteger{}(1, 6);
normalEquationXpart = (- 1 / theSlope(x - theX) + (x = theX; f)_2);
normalEquation = y - normalEquationXpart;
xPtOnNormalOne = theX + RandomInteger((- 5,- 1), (1, 5));
yPtOnNormalOne = (x = xPtOnNormalOne; a = theAanswer; normalEquationXpart)_3;
theQuadratic = Numerator{}(MakeExpression(MakeRationalFunction(x = xPtOnNormalOne; y = yPtOnNormalOne; normalEquation)_3));
basicPlot =
PlotWindow(300, 300) + PlotViewRectangle(
(leftPoint, Min(- 5, theYspecialized - 1, (x = - 2.5; theFSpecialized)_2, yPtOnNormalOne - 2)),
(rightPoint, Max(theYspecialized + 1, (x = 2.5; theFSpecialized)_2, 5, yPtOnNormalOne + 2 )))
+ PlotPoint((xPtOnNormalOne, yPtOnNormalOne), brown);
basicPlot
+ PlotPoint((theX, theYspecialized), blue)
+ Plot2D(theFSpecialized, leftPoint, rightPoint, red)
+ PlotLabel((theX, theYspecialized + theUnit), "P")
+ PlotSetId("canvas1")
Let
\(y=\)\displaystyle f
For your reference, the curve is drawn above with \(a=1\).
Find, in terms of the parameter \(a\), the slope (gradient) of the normal
to the graph of \(y=\)\displaystyle f
at the point \(P\) where \(x=\)theX.
Normal slope:
TurnOffRules("DistributeMultiplication", "DistributeMultiplicationConstants");
normalSlope
Find the equation of the normal to the same curve \(y=\)\displaystyle f
at the same point \(P\) where \(x=\)theX.
The equation of the line should be in the form
\(y = (\text{expression depending on }a) x + (\text{another expression depending on }a)\) or equivalent.
Line equation:
TurnOffRules("DistributeMultiplication", "DistributeMultiplicationConstants");
y = - 1 / theSlope(x - theX) + (x = theX; f)_2
Find the value(s) of the parameter \(a\) for which
the normal line passes through the point with coordinates
(xPtOnNormalOne,yPtOnNormalOne).
If there is more one answer, separate them by commas.
\(a=\)
SolveFor(a, theQuadratic)


Clear Cache
e-satisfaction
jQuery %{jquery_version}
GTM
RequireJs
Application Id
*
Type in the Application Id you want to integrate to this website.
Questionnaire
Questionnaire Id
Type in the Questionnaire Id you want to set the integration settings for.
Active
Mobile
Auto-detect Language
Enable Auto-detect to allow the browser to determine the questionnaire language for the user.
Language
Catalan
Greek
Greek (formal)
English
English (US)
Spanish
Romanian
Type
Box
Box Classic (Popup)
Embedded
Questionnaire Position
Top left corner
Top right corner
Bottom left corner
Bottom right corner
Maximized
If On, the questionnaire will be displayed automatically to the user. If Off, the user will have to click on the launcher to activate it.
Questionnaire Position
Write your own placeholder to set questionnaire's position. See
css selectors
Position Type
Before
Inside
After
Delay Cap
Minutes
Hours
Days
Define the time that the user should wait before the Questionnaire is displayed for the first time.
Frequency Cap
Minutes
Hours
Days
Define the time that the same visitor should wait before seeing again the questionnaire.
Blacklist
Write multiple urls using separate lines.
Whitelist
Write multiple urls using separate lines.
Apply Integration


| Network Working Group | C. Jennings |
| Internet-Draft | Cisco |
| Intended status: Standards Track | August 2, 2017 |
| Expires: February 3, 2018 |
Simple Port and Address Discovery
draft-jennings-dispatch-spad-v0-latest
This specification defines a simple JSON format and well known URL for firewalls and other devices to discover whats IP addresses, ports, and related transports a given cloud services uses.
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on February 3, 2018.
Copyright (c) 2017 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License.
Simple Port and Address Discovery (SPAD) allows an web application to inform others of what ports and IP addresses it uses so that things like firewalls can correctly re-configure themsleves as the ports and addresses change. Applications are identified by a domain name which is used to form a URL in a well known location where a client can do a HTTP REST call to get a JSON file that describes information about what addresses and transport the service uses.
In this document, the key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119] and indicate requirement levels for compliant implementations.
RAML is defined at <https://github.com/raml-org>.
JSON Schema is defined at <http://json-schema.org/>. Further information is available in [I-D.wright-json-schema].
To figure out what IP addresses are used by the service example.com, the first step is to form the query URL by constructing an endpoint at ".well-known/spad/v0/spad".
Then an HTTPS GET query is done that to that URL.
curl https://example.com/.well-known/spad/v0/spad
The responses would be a JSON result that could looks like
{ "domain": "example.com", "services": [ { "name": "example-service", "validTill": "Fri 11 Nov 2016 22:20:08 UTC", "flows": [ { "ips": [ "<IP_ADDRESS>" ], "port": 443, "protocol": "https" } ] } ] }
The example above indicates that the "example.com" application has a single service with a single flow that uses only the HTTPS to connect to port 443 on the IP address "<IP_ADDRESS>". This SPAD information is not valid after "Fri 11 Nov 2016 22:20:08 UTC" and a new SPAD file should be retrieved before that point in time.
The following shows a more complex example result for an application that uses two flows. One is TLS to the SIP port of a server with an v4 and v6 address. The TLS connection will have a name of example.com in the SNI. The other flow is media sent over UDP to port 5004 on a few different ip addresses. If devices in the network are capable of remarking DSCP, the desired marking is "AF41".
{ "domain": "example.com", "services": [ { "name": "voice-example", "validTill": "Fri 11 Nov 2016 22:20:08 UTC", "flows": [ { "ips": [ "<IP_ADDRESS>", "2001:db8::1" ], "port": 5061, "name": "example.com", "protocol": "tls" }, { "ips": [ "<IP_ADDRESS>", "2001:db8::2" ], "port": 5004, "protocol": "udp", "qos": "AF41" } ] } ] }
The protocol field is filled out with the most specific instance of a well defined protocol that is running. Any protocols that are implied as the normal default by this that it runs over are omitted. For example, HTTPS runs over TLS over TCP over IP. In this case the only thing listed is HTTPS. However if HTTPS was being used over SCTP which is not the normal thing, and the SCTP was over UDP which is also not the default, then it would be listed at HTTPS/SCTP/UDP but IP is not added as that is the normal thing for UDP to be over.
URI scheme from <https://www.iana.org/assignments/uri-schemes/uri-schemes.xhtml>. is preferred thing to use if defined, followed by the service name from <https://www.iana.org/assignments/service-names-port-numbers/service-names-port-numbers.xhtml> followed by the protocol by the Transport Protocol from RFC 6335. All names are moved to all lower case for consistency.
The Bluprint specification for the API is:
FORMAT: 1A # SPAD # Group Flows ## Service Collection [/.well-known/spad/v0/spad] ### Get SPAD information for this application [GET] + Response 200 (application/json) + Attributes ( Application ) ## Service Collection [/.well-known/spad/v0/{service}] ### Get SPAD information for this service [GET] + Parameters + service (string) -- service name to lookup + Response 200 (application/json) + Attributes ( Service ) # Data Structures ## Application + domain: example.com (string) + services (array[Service]) ## Service (object) + name: message (string) + validTill: Fri 11 Nov 2016 22:20:08 UTC (string) + flows (array[Flow]) ## Flow (object) + ips: <IP_ADDRESS>, 2001:db8::1 (array[string], required) - All IP addresses used by this flow + port: 443 (number, required) - destination port number + name: example.com (string, optional) - names used in TLS SNI or Proxy connect + protocol: udp, tcp, http, tls, https, quic (enum, optional) + qos: CS1, DF, EF, AF11, AF21, AF41, AF42, AF43, AF31, AF32, AF33 (enum, optional)
The JSON returned from MUST corespond to the following JSON schema.
{ "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#", "type": "object", "title": "SPAD schema.", "properties": { "domain": { "type": "string", "title": "TODO" }, "services": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "object", "properties": { "name": { "type": "string", "title": "name of service" }, "validTill": { "type": "string", "title": "Expiry time for this SPAD file" }, "flows": { "type": "array", "uniqueItems": false, "title": "Transport List", "description": "List of transports used by the application.", "items": { "type": "object", "title": "Flow", "properties": { "ips": { "type": "array", "uniqueItems": false, "title": "IP addresses list", "items": { "type": "string", "title": "IPv4 or v6 address" } }, "port": { "type": "integer", "maximum": 65535, "minimum": 1, "title": "port", "description": "Destination ports used by the transport protocol." }, "name": { "type": "string", "title": "DNS name", "description": "DNS name that will be used to connect to." }, "qos": { "type": "string", "title": "DSCP", "description": "Differentiated Services Code Point to use.", "enum": [ "CS1", "DF", "EF", "AF11", "AF21", "AF41", "AF42", "AF43", "AF31", "AF32", "AF33" ] }, "protocols": { "title": "Transport Protocol List", "description": "Protocols used.", "type": "string", "title": "protocol", "enum": [ "udp", "tcp", "http", "tls", "https", "quic" ] } } } } } } } }, "required": [ "domain", "services" ] }
TODO - register well known URL usage
TODO - explain importance of HTTPS
Discuss merging with existing ACL
Thank you for the contributions from: Cullen Jennings
| [RFC2119] | Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997. |
| [I-D.wright-json-schema] | Wright, A. and H. Andrews, "JSON Schema: A Media Type for Describing JSON Documents", Internet-Draft draft-wright-json-schema-01, April 2017. |
The specification style is "less is more." If a reasonable developer who is fully up on modern web development practices could figure out how write an interoperable implementation after looking at some examples and code and asking a few questions, well that's good enough for us. If you can find it on Wikipedia, we don't need to explain it here.
The build chain allows for an internet draft to be produced from separate parts: a basic draft skeleton that includes narrative text; examples; an API specification; and a schema. Markdown is used for text. RAML and JSON Schema are used to describe the API. Examples play a central role in the specification. The build chain has the goal of being simple and obvious with no black magic.
We welcome all contributions. Discussion takes place in a few places:
Consensus for the resolution of an issue can be established through discussion on the issues list. Once a resolution is found, the issue will be labeled as editor-ready. The editor will then write a pull request suggesting the specific changes to make to resolve the issue. Consensus to adopt the change will be judged on the mailing list. Once a pull request has consensus, the editor will merge it and close the issue.
We welcome pull requests, both for editorial suggestions and to resolve open issues. In the latter case, please identify the relevant issue.
Please do not use a pull request to open a new design issue; it may not be noticed.
The web site at (<https://coopdanger.github.io/spad/>) provides an overview of the specification that is focused on a developer audience. However, all the key information to implement the specification that is used to generate the web site is also used to generate and internet draft that can be found at draft-jennings-dispatch-spad-v0.
Periodically the information on the master is branched to a versioned draft branch and the content of that branch is used to produce an updated version of the internet draft. A typical cadence for this is monthly so that the draft can receive broader review.
When the work is at a good point to form a stable version of the API, it is progressed through the IETF publication process with the goal of publishing an RFC. Once approved, the text of the RFC is used to form a released version of the API. The first version would be v1. The current working pre-standard version is always referred to as v0. The API includes the version in the URL so that developers can implement to a specific non-changing specification. Future versions attempt, but do not guarantee, to be backwards-compatible with the previous version.


JavaScript Design Patterns
by Jose Antonio Sanchez
- Open the browser's console
- Use the global runExample() method to run one of the examples
`runExample('factory')`
| factory |
iterator |
pubsub |
facade |
| strategy |
decorator |
observer |
adapter |
| cor |
composite |
mediator |
proxy |


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