--- title: "Turning Dataset Codes to Words With R" description: "Labels are nicer than codes" url: "post/turning-dataset-codes-to-words/" author: Ryan Estrellado date: '2018-01-28' categories: [] tags: [rstats, education] ---
Note: I include a lot of code in this post so my fellow data scientists can either learn from it or give me feedback about how to make it better. It’s totally ok to skip over all that and just check out the data. The data immediately follow the code and have ##
marks in them.
I do a lot of work with the same public education datasets, like the CASEMIS dataset and the California School Dashboard datasets. These both have columns that use codes instead of labels. This means that you will never see the words “autism” in a CASEMIS dataset. Instead, you’ll see 320
among a sea of other disability codes. I’m a big advocate of sharing as much information and insight as we can about our school data, but that’s hard if your audience has to refer to their technical assistance guide to figure out what a code means. Consider the following plot, which takes a count of disabilities from a fake dataset:
I can just feel the insight slipping away as your audience flips through their manuals to figure out which disabilities 210
and 320
are!
So what can we do about this? In the past, I’ve tried one of three solutions in my spreadsheets:
These solutions are ok, but they introduce a lot of human error and tend to be really slow, particularly if you’re working with datasets that have thousands and thousands of records. Once I started complimenting my spreadsheet work with programming in R, I learned how to swap those codes for labels pretty quickly. Here’s how that works!
First we’ll make a pretend dataset of students, primary disability, and secondary disability. It’s the same pretend dataset we used to make the plot above. We’ll make a thousand records, since it’s a little easier to see the benefit of this technique over a larger dataset.
library(tidyverse)
# Names for disability vector
dis_codes <- c(seq(200, 280, by = 10), 281, seq(290, 330, by = 10))
# Make dataset
set.seed(200)
df <- tibble(
disability_1 = as.character(sample(dis_codes, 1000, replace = TRUE)),
disability_2 = as.character(sample(dis_codes, 1000, replace = TRUE)))
df
## # A tibble: 1,000 x 2
## disability_1 disability_2
## <chr> <chr>
## 1 250 210
## 2 210 230
## 3 330 330
## 4 270 220
## 5 260 220
## 6 300 200
## 7 300 250
## 8 240 290
## 9 281 290
## 10 210 300
## # … with 990 more rows
Next we’ll make a vector of our disability names. These are the names we’ll be replacing the codes with later. These labels are the exact ones you’ll see in the California Education Code and will correspond with the disability codes described in the CASEMIS technical assistance guide.
# Elements of disability label vector
dis_desc <- c(
"none", "intellectual disability", "hard of hearing", "deafness",
"speech and language impairment", "visual impairment",
"emotional disturbance", "orthopedic impairment","other health impairment",
"established medical disability", "specific learning disability",
"deaf-blindness", "multiple disabilities", "autism", "traumatic brain injury"
)
Then we’ll use set_names
from purrr
to name each of the disability labels with their corresponding code. Now we have a named vector that looks like this:
# Create named vector
(dis_lookup <- set_names(dis_desc, nm = dis_codes))
## 200 210
## "none" "intellectual disability"
## 220 230
## "hard of hearing" "deafness"
## 240 250
## "speech and language impairment" "visual impairment"
## 260 270
## "emotional disturbance" "orthopedic impairment"
## 280 281
## "other health impairment" "established medical disability"
## 290 300
## "specific learning disability" "deaf-blindness"
## 310 320
## "multiple disabilities" "autism"
## 330
## "traumatic brain injury"
This is the point where things start to feel like magic! We’ll take our new named vector and use mutate
to transform the codes in disability_1
into actual disability labels.
df %>%
mutate(disability_1 = dis_lookup[disability_1])
## # A tibble: 1,000 x 2
## disability_1 disability_2
## <chr> <chr>
## 1 visual impairment 210
## 2 intellectual disability 230
## 3 traumatic brain injury 330
## 4 orthopedic impairment 220
## 5 emotional disturbance 220
## 6 deaf-blindness 200
## 7 deaf-blindness 250
## 8 speech and language impairment 290
## 9 established medical disability 290
## 10 intellectual disability 300
## # … with 990 more rows
Now we can actually look at the disability_1
column and understand what it means. But what if you have more than one disability column that needs to be transformed?
The CASEMIS dataset, like other public education datasets, has more than one column that uses codes instead of labels. For example, there are two disability code columns: DISABILIT1
and DISABILIT2
. One solution is to change each column separately, but let’s push for a more efficient solution. We can take our named vector and build a function out of it that takes a vector of disability codes and converts it into a column of disability labels.
convert_dis <- function(x) {
# Names for disability vector
dis_codes <- c(seq(200, 280, by = 10), 281, seq(290, 330, by = 10))
# Elements of disability vector
dis_desc <- c(
"none", "intellectual disability", "hard of hearing", "deafness",
"speech and language impairment", "visual impairment",
"emotional disturbance", "orthopedic impairment","other health impairment",
"established medical disability", "specific learning disability",
"deaf-blindness", "multiple disabilities", "autism", "traumatic brain injury"
)
# Create named vector
dis_lookup <- set_names(dis_desc, nm = dis_codes)
# Create a new vector of disability descriptions
as.vector(dis_lookup[as.character(x)])
}
Now let’s use mutate_at
to call that function on both of the disability columns.
df %>%
mutate_at(vars(disability_1:disability_2), funs(convert_dis))
## Warning: `funs()` is deprecated as of dplyr 0.8.0.
## Please use a list of either functions or lambdas:
##
## # Simple named list:
## list(mean = mean, median = median)
##
## # Auto named with `tibble::lst()`:
## tibble::lst(mean, median)
##
## # Using lambdas
## list(~ mean(., trim = .2), ~ median(., na.rm = TRUE))
## This warning is displayed once every 8 hours.
## Call `lifecycle::last_warnings()` to see where this warning was generated.
## # A tibble: 1,000 x 2
## disability_1 disability_2
## <chr> <chr>
## 1 visual impairment intellectual disability
## 2 intellectual disability deafness
## 3 traumatic brain injury traumatic brain injury
## 4 orthopedic impairment hard of hearing
## 5 emotional disturbance hard of hearing
## 6 deaf-blindness none
## 7 deaf-blindness visual impairment
## 8 speech and language impairment specific learning disability
## 9 established medical disability specific learning disability
## 10 intellectual disability deaf-blindness
## # … with 990 more rows
I had so much fun making that work that I started taking notice anytime there were chances to create functions that convert codes to labels. As soon as I had a second function, I built an R package called spedtools
to house them so I could just load the package at the top of any CASEMIS analysis I do. Now I don’t need to rebuild the functions over and over again and I can get my data transformed for analysis with some compact and readable code. Here’s what that looks like:
library(spedtools)
df %>%
mutate_at(vars(disability_1:disability_2), funs(convert_dis))
## # A tibble: 1,000 x 2
## disability_1 disability_2
## <chr> <chr>
## 1 visual impairment intellectual disability
## 2 intellectual disability deafness
## 3 traumatic brain injury traumatic brain injury
## 4 orthopedic impairment hard of hearing
## 5 emotional disturbance hard of hearing
## 6 deaf-blindness none
## 7 deaf-blindness visual impairment
## 8 speech and language impairment specific learning disability
## 9 established medical disability specific learning disability
## 10 intellectual disability deaf-blindness
## # … with 990 more rows
Using programming as a compliment to my work in spreadsheets changed my mindset on tasks I find myself doing over and over again. If there’s something I know I’ll be doing many times, like converting disability codes to disability labels, I prefer to do a little more work up front if it helps me move faster and more accurately in the long run. That way I’m spending more time sharing useful information to data consumers and less time cleaning data.
PSA: Consider submitting your R related blog posts to rweekly.org


GBP/USD price analysis: Cable hanging near seven-month highs below 1.3180 key resistance
by Flavio Tosti- GBP/USD bulls remain in control above the 1.3075 level.
- The level to beat for bulls is the 1.3180 resistance.
GBP/USD daily chart
The market is hanging near seven-month highs, flirting with levels last seen in early May 2019. In the New York session, the market is trading flat just above the 1.3150 level.
GBP/USD four-hour chart
GBP/USD is trending up above its main SMAs. Bulls need to push through the 1.3180 resistance to open the doors to further gains towards the 1.3207 and 1.3242 resistances, according to the Technical Confluences Indicator.
GBP/USD 30-minute chart
After several attempts to break above 1.3180 this Monday, GBP/USD remains virtually unchanged on the day. The spot is evolving above the main SMAs, confirming the bullish bias in the short term. Support is seen at the 1.3125 level. However, a daily close below the 1.3075 level can lead to a deeper retracement towards the 1.3029 level.
Additional key levels
GBP/USD
| Overview | |
|---|---|
| Today last price | 1.3153 |
| Today Daily Change | 0.0012 |
| Today Daily Change % | 0.09 |
| Today daily open | 1.3141 |
| Trends | |
|---|---|
| Daily SMA20 | 1.2938 |
| Daily SMA50 | 1.2787 |
| Daily SMA100 | 1.2526 |
| Daily SMA200 | 1.2697 |
| Levels | |
|---|---|
| Previous Daily High | 1.3167 |
| Previous Daily Low | 1.31 |
| Previous Weekly High | 1.3167 |
| Previous Weekly Low | 1.2896 |
| Previous Monthly High | 1.2986 |
| Previous Monthly Low | 1.2769 |
| Daily Fibonacci 38.2% | 1.3126 |
| Daily Fibonacci 61.8% | 1.3141 |
| Daily Pivot Point S1 | 1.3105 |
| Daily Pivot Point S2 | 1.3069 |
| Daily Pivot Point S3 | 1.3038 |
| Daily Pivot Point R1 | 1.3172 |
| Daily Pivot Point R2 | 1.3203 |
| Daily Pivot Point R3 | 1.3239 |


This is my amazing website.
I like to talk. I like coffee before 11:30 in the morning.
website link
bla


- checkin(Node) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.JcrUtils
-
Creates for the given node a new version and returns that version.
- checkinRecursively(Node) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.JcrUtils
-
- checkout(Node) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.JcrUtils
-
Sets the given node to checked-out status.
- checkoutRecursively(Node) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.JcrUtils
-
- closeQuietly(InputStream) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.io.IOUtils
-
Unconditionally close an InputStream
.
- closeQuietly(Closeable) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.io.IOUtils
-
Unconditionally close a Closeable
.
- contentLength - Variable in class org.jcrom.JcrDataProviderImpl
-
- copy(InputStream, OutputStream) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.io.IOUtils
-
Copy bytes from an InputStream
to an
OutputStream
.
- copy(InputStream, Writer) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.io.IOUtils
-
Copy bytes from an InputStream
to chars on a
Writer
using the default character encoding of the platform.
- copy(InputStream, Writer, String) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.io.IOUtils
-
Copy bytes from an InputStream
to chars on a
Writer
using the specified character encoding.
- copy(Reader, Writer) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.io.IOUtils
-
Copy chars from a Reader
to a Writer
.
- copy(Reader, OutputStream) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.io.IOUtils
-
Copy chars from a Reader
to bytes on an
OutputStream
using the default character encoding of the
platform, and calling flush.
- copyLarge(InputStream, OutputStream) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.io.IOUtils
-
Copy bytes from a large (over 2GB) InputStream
to an
OutputStream
.
- copyLarge(Reader, Writer) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.io.IOUtils
-
Copy chars from a large (over 2GB) Reader
to a Writer
.
- create(T) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- create(T, JcromCallback) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- create(String, T) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- create(String, T, JcromCallback) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- create(T) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Creates a new JCR Node from the object supplied.
- create(T, JcromCallback) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Creates a new JCR Node from the object supplied.
- create(String, T) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Creates a new JCR Node from the object supplied, under the parent node with the path specified.
- create(String, T, JcromCallback) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Creates a new JCR Node from the object supplied, under the parent node with the path specified.
- createChildNodeListProxy(Class<?>, Object, String, Session, Mapper, int, NodeFilter, JcrChildNode) - Static method in class org.jcrom.ProxyFactory
-
- createChildNodeProxy(Class<T>, Object, String, Session, Mapper, int, NodeFilter, boolean) - Static method in class org.jcrom.ProxyFactory
-
- createFileNodeListProxy(Class<?>, Object, String, Session, Mapper, int, NodeFilter, JcrFileNode) - Static method in class org.jcrom.ProxyFactory
-
- createFileNodeProxy(Class<T>, Object, String, Session, Mapper, int, NodeFilter, JcrFileNode) - Static method in class org.jcrom.ProxyFactory
-
- createReferenceListProxy(Class<?>, Object, String, String, Session, Mapper, int, NodeFilter, Field) - Static method in class org.jcrom.ProxyFactory
-
- createReferenceProxy(Class<T>, Object, String, String, Session, Mapper, int, NodeFilter, Field) - Static method in class org.jcrom.ProxyFactory
-
- createValidName(String) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.PathUtils
-
Creates a valid JCR node name from the String supplied, by
replacing all non-alphanumeric chars.
- createValue(Class<?>, Object, ValueFactory) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.JcrUtils
-
Returns a Value
object from the given class and the specified value.
- dataProvider - Variable in class org.jcrom.JcrFile
-
- DefaultJcromCallback - Class in org.jcrom.callback
-
- DefaultJcromCallback(Jcrom) - Constructor for class org.jcrom.callback.DefaultJcromCallback
-
- DEPTH_INFINITE - Static variable in class org.jcrom.util.NodeFilter
-
- DIR_SEPARATOR - Static variable in class org.jcrom.util.io.IOUtils
-
The system directory separator character.
- DIR_SEPARATOR_UNIX - Static variable in class org.jcrom.util.io.IOUtils
-
The Unix directory separator character.
- DIR_SEPARATOR_WINDOWS - Static variable in class org.jcrom.util.io.IOUtils
-
The Windows directory separator character.
- doAddClassNameToProperty(Node, JcrNode, Object) - Method in class org.jcrom.callback.DefaultJcromCallback
-
Method invoked when the class name is added to property for a newly created JCR node.
- doAddClassNameToProperty(Node, JcrNode, Object) - Method in interface org.jcrom.callback.JcromCallback
-
Method invoked when the class name is added to property for a newly created JCR node.
- doAddMixinTypes(Node, String[], JcrNode, Object) - Method in class org.jcrom.callback.DefaultJcromCallback
-
Method invoked when mixin types are added to a new node.
- doAddMixinTypes(Node, String[], JcrNode, Object) - Method in interface org.jcrom.callback.JcromCallback
-
Method invoked when mixin types are added to a new node.
- doAddNode(Node, String, JcrNode, Object) - Method in class org.jcrom.callback.DefaultJcromCallback
-
Method invoked when a new node is added.
- doAddNode(Node, String, JcrNode, Object) - Method in interface org.jcrom.callback.JcromCallback
-
Method invoked when a new node is added.
- doComplete(Object, Node) - Method in class org.jcrom.callback.DefaultJcromCallback
-
Method called after the node is completely added or updated.
- doComplete(Object, Node) - Method in interface org.jcrom.callback.JcromCallback
-
Method called after the node is completely added or updated.
- doLoadObject(Session, Mapper) - Method in class org.jcrom.FileNodeLoader
-
- doMoveNode(Node, Node, String, JcrNode, Object) - Method in class org.jcrom.callback.DefaultJcromCallback
-
Method invoked if the node name has changed and the node must be moved.
- doMoveNode(Node, Node, String, JcrNode, Object) - Method in interface org.jcrom.callback.JcromCallback
-
Method invoked if the node name has changed and the node must be moved.
- doUpdateClassNameToProperty(Node, JcrNode, Object) - Method in class org.jcrom.callback.DefaultJcromCallback
-
Method invoked when the class name is updated to property for a node updated.
- doUpdateClassNameToProperty(Node, JcrNode, Object) - Method in interface org.jcrom.callback.JcromCallback
-
Method invoked when the class name is updated to property for a node updated.
- get(String) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- get(String, String, int) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
Deprecated.
- get(String, NodeFilter) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- get(String) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get an entity from JCR by path (from a @JcrPath field).
- get(String, String, int) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
- get(String, NodeFilter) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get an entity from JCR by path (from a @JcrPath field).
- getAbsPath() - Method in class org.jcrom.EventListenerDefinition
-
- getAll(String) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getAll(String, long, long) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getAll(String, String, int) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
Deprecated.
- getAll(String, NodeFilter) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getAll(String, String, int, long, long) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
Deprecated.
- getAll(String, NodeFilter, long, long) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getAll(String) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get all entities from JCR by path (from a @JcrPath field).
- getAll(String, long, long) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get all entities from JCR by path (from a @JcrPath field).
- getAll(String, String, int) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
- getAll(String, NodeFilter) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get all entities from JCR by path (from a @JcrPath field).
- getAll(String, String, int, long, long) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
- getAll(String, NodeFilter, long, long) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get all entities from JCR by path (from a @JcrPath field).
- getAnnotation(Field, Class<T>) - Method in interface org.jcrom.AnnotationReader
-
- getAnnotation(Field, Class<T>) - Method in class org.jcrom.ReflectionAnnotationReader
-
- getAnnotationReader() - Method in class org.jcrom.Jcrom
-
- getBytes() - Method in interface org.jcrom.JcrDataProvider
-
Return a byte array.
- getBytes() - Method in class org.jcrom.JcrDataProviderImpl
-
- getChildContainerPath(Object, Object, Node) - Method in class org.jcrom.Jcrom
-
- getClasses(String) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.ReflectionUtils
-
- getClasses(ClassLoader, String) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.ReflectionUtils
-
- getContentLength() - Method in interface org.jcrom.JcrDataProvider
-
Returns the length of the byte array / file / input stream
- getContentLength() - Method in class org.jcrom.JcrDataProviderImpl
-
- getCredentials() - Method in class org.jcrom.SessionFactoryImpl
-
- getCurrentSession() - Static method in class org.jcrom.Jcrom
-
- getDataProvider() - Method in class org.jcrom.JcrFile
-
- getDeclaredAndInheritedFields(Class<?>, boolean) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.ReflectionUtils
-
Get an array of all fields declared in the supplied class,
and all its superclasses (except java.lang.Object).
- getEncoding() - Method in class org.jcrom.JcrFile
-
- getEntityClass() - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getEventListeners() - Method in class org.jcrom.SessionFactoryImpl
-
- getEventTypes() - Method in class org.jcrom.EventListenerDefinition
-
- getFile() - Method in interface org.jcrom.JcrDataProvider
-
Return a file.
- getFile() - Method in class org.jcrom.JcrDataProviderImpl
-
- getFilterDepth() - Method in class org.jcrom.util.NodeFilter
-
- getFilterStr() - Method in class org.jcrom.util.NameFilter
-
- getFromDirectory(File, String) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.ReflectionUtils
-
- getFromJARFile(String, String) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.ReflectionUtils
-
- getInputStream() - Method in interface org.jcrom.JcrDataProvider
-
Return an input stream.
- getInputStream() - Method in class org.jcrom.JcrDataProviderImpl
-
- getJcrNodeAnnotation(Class<?>) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.ReflectionUtils
-
- getJcrom() - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getLastModified() - Method in class org.jcrom.JcrFile
-
- getListener() - Method in class org.jcrom.EventListenerDefinition
-
- getLockManager(Session) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.JcrUtils
-
Returns the LockManager object from the given session.
- getMappedClasses() - Method in class org.jcrom.Jcrom
-
Get a set of all classes that are mapped by this instance.
- getMaxDepth() - Method in class org.jcrom.util.NodeFilter
-
- getMimeType() - Method in class org.jcrom.JcrFile
-
- getMixinTypes() - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getName() - Method in class org.jcrom.AbstractJcrEntity
-
- getName() - Method in interface org.jcrom.JcrEntity
-
- getName() - Method in class org.jcrom.JcrFile
-
- getName(Object) - Method in class org.jcrom.Jcrom
-
- getNameFilter() - Method in class org.jcrom.util.NodeFilter
-
- getNode(String) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getNode(String, Session) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.PathUtils
-
- getNodeById(String) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getNodeById(String, Session) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.PathUtils
-
- getNodes(String) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getNodes(String, Session) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.PathUtils
-
- getNodeTypeName() - Method in class org.jcrom.EventListenerDefinition
-
- getParameterizedClass(Field) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.ReflectionUtils
-
Get the (first) class that parameterizes the Field supplied.
- getParameterizedClass(Field, int) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.ReflectionUtils
-
Get the class that parameterizes the Field supplied, at the index
supplied (field can be parameterized with multiple param classes).
- getParameterizedClass(Class<?>) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.ReflectionUtils
-
- getParameterizedClass(Class<?>, int) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.ReflectionUtils
-
- getParentObject(Object) - Method in class org.jcrom.Jcrom
-
- getPath() - Method in class org.jcrom.AbstractJcrEntity
-
- getPath() - Method in interface org.jcrom.JcrEntity
-
- getPath() - Method in class org.jcrom.JcrFile
-
- getPath(Object) - Method in class org.jcrom.Jcrom
-
- getRepository() - Method in class org.jcrom.SessionFactoryImpl
-
- getSession() - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getSession() - Method in interface org.jcrom.SessionFactory
-
Returns a Session using the credentials and workspace on this SessionFactory implementation.
- getSession() - Method in class org.jcrom.SessionFactoryImpl
-
- getSession(SessionFactory) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.SessionFactoryUtils
-
Get a JCR Session from the SessionFactory
- getSessionFactory() - Method in class org.jcrom.Jcrom
-
- getSize(String) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getSize(String) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get the number of entities.
- getType() - Method in interface org.jcrom.JcrDataProvider
-
Get the type of content this provider offers.
- getType() - Method in class org.jcrom.JcrDataProviderImpl
-
- getTypeArgumentOfParameterizedClass(Field, int, int) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.ReflectionUtils
-
- getUuid() - Method in class org.jcrom.EventListenerDefinition
-
- getValidFields(Field[], boolean) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.ReflectionUtils
-
- getValue(Class<?>, Value) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.JcrUtils
-
Returns a representation of the given
Value
by using the given
Class
.
- getVersion(String, String) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersion(String, String, String, int) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
Deprecated.
- getVersion(String, String, NodeFilter) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersion(Node, String, NodeFilter) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersion(String, String) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get one specific version by path and version name.
- getVersion(String, String, String, int) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
- getVersion(String, String, NodeFilter) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get one specific version by path and version name.
- getVersionById(String, String) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersionById(String, String, String, int) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
Deprecated.
- getVersionById(String, String, NodeFilter) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersionById(String, String) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get one specific version by Identifier and version name.
- getVersionById(String, String, String, int) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
- getVersionById(String, String, NodeFilter) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get one specific version by Identifier and version name.
- getVersionByUUID(String, String) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
Deprecated.
- getVersionByUUID(String, String, String, int) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
Deprecated.
- getVersionByUUID(String, String) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
- getVersionByUUID(String, String, String, int) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
- getVersionList(String) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersionList(String, String, int) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
Deprecated.
- getVersionList(String, NodeFilter) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersionList(String, String, int, long, long) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
Deprecated.
- getVersionList(String, NodeFilter, long, long) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersionList(Node, NodeFilter) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersionList(Node, NodeFilter, long, long) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersionList(String) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get all versions by path.
- getVersionList(String, String, int) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
- getVersionList(String, NodeFilter) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get all versions by path.
- getVersionList(String, String, int, long, long) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
- getVersionList(String, NodeFilter, long, long) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get all versions by path.
- getVersionListById(String) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersionListById(String, String, int) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
Deprecated.
- getVersionListById(String, NodeFilter) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersionListById(String, String, int, long, long) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
Deprecated.
- getVersionListById(String, NodeFilter, long, long) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersionListById(String) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get all versions by Identifier lookup.
- getVersionListById(String, String, int) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
- getVersionListById(String, NodeFilter) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get all versions by Identifier lookup.
- getVersionListById(String, String, int, long, long) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
- getVersionListById(String, NodeFilter, long, long) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get all versions by Identifier lookup.
- getVersionListByUUID(String) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
Deprecated.
- getVersionListByUUID(String, String, int) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
Deprecated.
- getVersionListByUUID(String, String, int, long, long) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
Deprecated.
- getVersionListByUUID(String) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
- getVersionListByUUID(String, String, int) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
- getVersionListByUUID(String, String, int, long, long) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
- getVersionManager(Session) - Static method in class org.jcrom.util.JcrUtils
-
Returns the VersionManager object from the given session.
- getVersionSize(String) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersionSize(Node) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersionSize(String) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get the total number of versions by path.
- getVersionSizeById(String) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- getVersionSizeById(String) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
Get the total number of versions by Identifier lookup.
- getVersionSizeByUUID(String) - Method in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
Deprecated.
- getVersionSizeByUUID(String) - Method in interface org.jcrom.dao.JcrDAO
-
- getWorkspaceName() - Method in class org.jcrom.SessionFactoryImpl
-
- JcrBaseVersionCreated - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is used to mark a field that should store a JCR base
version creation date read from the node.
- JcrBaseVersionName - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is used to mark a field that should store a JCR base
version name read from the node.
- JcrCheckedout - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is used to mark a field that should store whether a JCR
node is checked out.
- JcrChildNode - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is used to mark fields that are to be mapped as
JCR child nodes.
- JcrCreated - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is used to mark a field that should store a JCR creation date
read from a node.
- JcrDAO<T> - Interface in org.jcrom.dao
-
The base interface for JCR Data Access Objects.
- JcrDataProvider - Interface in org.jcrom
-
An interface for providing access to file content within a JcrFile instance.
- JcrDataProvider.TYPE - Enum in org.jcrom
-
- JcrDataProviderImpl - Class in org.jcrom
-
A simple implementation of the JcrDataProvider interface.
- JcrDataProviderImpl(byte[]) - Constructor for class org.jcrom.JcrDataProviderImpl
-
- JcrDataProviderImpl(File) - Constructor for class org.jcrom.JcrDataProviderImpl
-
- JcrDataProviderImpl(InputStream) - Constructor for class org.jcrom.JcrDataProviderImpl
-
- JcrDataProviderImpl(InputStream, long) - Constructor for class org.jcrom.JcrDataProviderImpl
-
- JcrDataUtils - Class in org.jcrom.util
-
Contains utilities used for JCR file node
- JcrEntity - Interface in org.jcrom
-
- JcrFile - Class in org.jcrom
-
This class represents a JCR file node.
- JcrFile() - Constructor for class org.jcrom.JcrFile
-
- JcrFileNode - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is used to mark fields that are to be mapped as
JCR file nodes.
- JcrFileNode.LoadType - Enum in org.jcrom.annotations
-
- JcrIdentifier - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is used to mark a field that should store an Identifier
read from any node.
- JcrMappingException - Exception in org.jcrom
-
A runtime exception that is thrown when mapping errors occur.
- JcrMappingException(String) - Constructor for exception org.jcrom.JcrMappingException
-
- JcrMappingException(String, Throwable) - Constructor for exception org.jcrom.JcrMappingException
-
- JcrName - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is used to mark a field that contains the JCR node name.
- JcrNode - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is applied to types (classes or interfaces) that implement
JcrEntity, and provides the ability to specify what JCR node type to use
when creating a JCR node from the object being mapped, mixin types, and more.
- jcrom - Variable in class org.jcrom.dao.AbstractJcrDAO
-
- Jcrom - Class in org.jcrom
-
This is the main entry class for JCROM.
- Jcrom() - Constructor for class org.jcrom.Jcrom
-
Create a new Jcrom instance that cleans node names, but with dynamic instantiation turned off.
- Jcrom(boolean) - Constructor for class org.jcrom.Jcrom
-
Create a new Jcrom instance with dynamic instantiation turned off.
- Jcrom(boolean, boolean) - Constructor for class org.jcrom.Jcrom
-
Create a new Jcrom instance.
- Jcrom(Set<Class<?>>) - Constructor for class org.jcrom.Jcrom
-
Create a new Jcrom instance with name cleaning set to true, and dynamic instantiation off.
- Jcrom(boolean, Set<Class<?>>) - Constructor for class org.jcrom.Jcrom
-
Create a new Jcrom instance with dynamic instantiation turned off.
- Jcrom(boolean, boolean, Set<Class<?>>) - Constructor for class org.jcrom.Jcrom
-
Create a new Jcrom instance.
- JcromCallback - Interface in org.jcrom.callback
-
The interface for Jcrom callbacks.
- JcrParentNode - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is added to fields that implement JcrEntity, and are
a reference to a parent object.
- JcrPath - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is used to mark a field that should store a JCR path
read from a node.
- JcrProperty - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is used mark fields that should be mapped to JCR node properties.
- JcrProtectedProperty - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is used mark fields that should be mapped to protected properties of JCR node.
- JcrReference - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is used to mark fields that are to be mapped as JCR reference properties.
- JcrSerializedProperty - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is used mark fields that should be serialized to a byte
array and then mapped to JCR node property.
- JcrUtils - Class in org.jcrom.util
-
Contains utilities used for JCR nodes
- JcrUUID - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
- JcrVersionCreated - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is used to mark a field that should store a JCR
version creation date read from the node.
- JcrVersionName - Annotation Type in org.jcrom.annotations
-
This annotation is used to mark a field that should store a JCR
version name read from the node.


A robot is playing "Hole in the Wall": The robot is able to move back and forth along a linear playing field of length M. On each turn, a wall, also of length M, moves through the playing field. Each wall has a single robot-shaped cutout in it. The robot must align itself with the cutout in order to pass through the wall and remain on the playing field. If the robot fails to do so, it is swept off the playing area by the wall and the game is over.
You are given two arrays, A and B , both consisting of N integers. A represents the sequence of walls that will move through the playing field, and B represents the robot's moves in the game.
A[K] is an integer in the range [0...M-1]; it represents the position of the hole in the wall which sweeps the playing field at turn K.
B[K] is an integer representing the robot's movement at turn K: The robot starts the game at position 0. At turn K, the robot moves by B[K] units. If B[K] > 0, the robot moves to the left. If B[K] < 0, the robot moves to the right.
After the robot moves, the wall specified by A[K] moves through the playing field. If the robot's position is the same as the position of the hole in the wall, the robot remains on the field. Otherwise, it is swept off the field by the wall.
Write a function:
def solution(A, B)that, given non-empty arrays A and B , both consisting of N integers, returns an integer representing the turn on which the robot will be swept off the playing area. If the robot is never swept off, and instead successfully passes through each wall, the function should return -1.
For example, given arrays A and B where:
A[0] = 1 B[0] = 2
A[1] = 2 B[1] = -1
the function should return 0, because the robot will be swept away on the 0th turn:
The robot starts out at position 0, then moves 2 to the left to be at position 2. Wall 0 then sweeps through the space, with the hole at position 1. Since the robot is not at position 1, it will be swept away by wall 0.
Given arrays A and B where:
A[0] = 1 B[0] = 1 A[1] = 2 B[1] = 1 A[2] = 5 B[2] = 3 A[3] = 2 B[3] = -3the function should return -1, because the robot will successfully pass through all 4 walls.
Assume that:
Complexity:


RE - Representational
S - State
T - Transfer
NO Rules to form HTTP Request / Response (unlike SOAP)
Used to complete a Web Service (API) using HTTP
Request Parts:
– Start Line All Methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE ...)
– Header Line All
– Blank Line
– Body ALL (JSON, XML, images, html ...)
Largest API Directory on the Web (No Authentication)
Largest API Directory on the Web (Basic Authentication)
Largest API Directory on the Web (Digest Authentication)
Largest API Directory on the Web (OAuth Authentication)
× Possible CORS: Install Boomerang extension from the Web Store or update the extension to the latest version(v3.5.5+) and reload the app
Boomerang - SOAP & REST Client


Before Change
@property
def variables(self):
Returns a tuple of tf variables owned by this EMATensorNormalizer.
return self._mean_moving_avg, self._var_moving_avg
def _update_ops(self, tensor, outer_dims):
Returns a list of update obs for EMATensorNormalizer mean and var.
After Change
@property
def variables(self):
Returns a tuple of tf variables owned by this EMATensorNormalizer.
return (tf.nest.pack_sequence_as(self._tensor_spec, self._mean_moving_avg),
tf.nest.pack_sequence_as(self._tensor_spec, self._var_moving_avg))
def _update_ops(self, tensor, outer_dims):
Returns a list of update obs for EMATensorNormalizer mean and var.


UI Version: 2<IP_ADDRESS>
Camera test
Start
Change Camera
Stop
Video tag is not supported
Canvas tag is not supported


Module: Ultimaker
- Defined in:
- lib/ultimaker.rb,
lib/ultimaker/connection.rb,
lib/ultimaker/discovery.rb,
lib/ultimaker/printer.rb,
lib/ultimaker/printers.rb,
lib/ultimaker/version.rb
Overview
Ultimaker provides code to let you connect to the network enabled Ultimaker printers and consume their API which includes (but not limited to): controlling the LEDs, streaming the webcam, sending print jobs.
-
Source Code: github.com/samuelkadolph/ruby-ultimaker
-
Ultimaker: ultimaker.com
-
Ultimaker 3: ultimaker.com/en/products/ultimaker-3
-
Ultimaker API: ultimaker.com/en/community/23283-inside-the-ultimaker-3-day-2-remote-access-part-1
Defined Under Namespace
Modules: Discovery Classes: Connection, Printer, Ultimaker3, Ultimaker3Extended
Constant Summary
- TYPES =
Hash.new(Printer)
- VARIANTS =
Hash.new(Printer)
- VERSION =
The version of the Ultimaker gem.
"0.0.1"
Class Method Summary collapse
-
.connect(address) ⇒ Object
Connects to an Ultimaker printer and returns an instance of the corresponding printer class.
-
.discover_printers ⇒ Object
Discovers all printers on the network.
-
.find_by_name(name) ⇒ Object
Search for a printer with a specific name.
Class Method Details
.connect(address) ⇒ Object
Connects to an Ultimaker printer and returns an instance of the corresponding printer class.
18 19 |
# File 'lib/ultimaker.rb', line 18 def connect(address) end |
.discover_printers ⇒ Object
Discovers all printers on the network. Requires the ultimaker-discovery gem to be installed and required.
9 10 11 |
# File 'lib/ultimaker/discovery.rb', line 9 def discover_printers Discovery.discover_printers end |
.find_by_name(name) ⇒ Object
Search for a printer with a specific name. Requires the ultimaker-discovery gem to be installed and required.
15 16 17 |
# File 'lib/ultimaker/discovery.rb', line 15 def find_by_name(name) Discovery.find_by_name(name) end |


JAVASCRIPT
HTML
CSS
EVENTS
OOP
$100
This is the answer.
$100
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$100
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$200
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TEAM 1
+
-
TEAM 2
+
-
TEAM 3
+
-


0) && (browse || !mobile)" (openedChange)="browse = $event" persist minWidth="280px" maxWidth="350px">
{{
msg | createdTime | calendar:msgs.thread?.timeFormat || {
sameDay: "[Today]",
lastDay: "[Yesterday]",
lastWeek: "dddd",
sameElse: "L"
}
}}
{{ leave.title || 'Unsent message' }}
You're about to leave the page without sending the last message.


Constructor
new ScooterHire()
Constructs a ScooterHire Object.
Properties:
| Name |
Type |
Description |
scooter |
Array.<ElectricScooter>
|
The list of current scooters |
scootersAvailable |
Array.<ElectricScooter>
|
The list of current available / fully charged scooters |
chargeStation |
ChargeStation
|
An internal chargestation to charge current scooters. |
currentlyHired |
Dictionary
|
A dictionary storing the customers full name as a key to the ID of the scooter. |
- Source:
Methods
addScooter(scooter)
Adds a scooter to the system.
Parameters:
- Source:
addScooters(scooters)
Adds all scooter in an array of scooters.
Parameters:
- Source:
chargeScooters()
Uses the internal charge station to charge all the current scooters that need charging.
- Source:
hireScooterTo(customer)
Parameters:
| Name |
Type |
Description |
customer |
Customer
|
The customer to hire the scooter to. |
- Source:
returnScooterFrom(customer)
Parameters:
| Name |
Type |
Description |
customer |
Customer
|
The customer to get the scooter from. |
- Source:


{% extends 'admin/master.html' %} {% block body %}
{{gettext('Hi')}} {{ current_user.name }}!
{{gettext('This is the Lab Manager administration tool. Here you can:')}}
{{gettext('The typical cycle is:')}}
{{gettext('Then, if they are using LTI, the LMS admin user can create instructors, and give them permissions on the laboratories. Or, if they are using the Basic HTTP system, then they can add courses and grant permissions on those courses.')}}


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Women settle for draw after dominating early
by Jeff CheshireThe way it started, it could have been much more.
A first-minute goal laid the perfect platform.
But it was an opening Southern United could not capitalise on.
It was left to settle for a 1-1 draw with Auckland at Logan Park Turf in its last home national women's league game of the season.
Southern dominated the early play.
That began after just 28 seconds, as Renee Bacon gave Southern a dream start.
She received the ball outside the box on the left and produced a superb strike that beat Auckland goalkeeper Nadia Olla, sneaking inside the right post.
Emily Morison nearly doubled the lead on a narrow miss 30 seconds later, before Amy Hislop had a free kick saved in the third minute.
Hislop only just missed again two minutes later and a second goal seemed inevitable.
But it was Auckland that found the net, taking its chance despite making little play.
A break down the right exposed Southern in the middle and Stephanie Skilton buried a shot after being found from a cross.
From there the game began to break down.
Chances became fewer, although Southern had a brilliant one early in the second half.
Morison played Bacon into space, before pushing it forward to Hislop, who had her shot well saved by Olla.
Not long after Skilton was denied by the left post.
Auckland began to get on top late and while the Southern defence showed steel, it struggled to clear the ball.
Despite that, it held out the attack, Mikaela Hunt in particular standing out and goal keeper Jade Middleditch making a handful of great saves.
Ruby Anderson went close to stealing a win late for Southern, but her shot went just over the crossbar.
Southern head coach Ignacio Sande admitted the side had been after three points, although he was happy with the performance.
He felt the inability to capitalise on the early dominance was costly.
"I think that was the key.
"We had a great start, scored a goal in 30 seconds and then the first 10 minutes we had chances and clear options and we missed those chances.
"Then they have quality players, they only had two shots and they scored one in the first half.
"So a bit disappointed with that, but happy with what the players did."
He was happy with the way the side held out Auckland late, although he felt it needed to push through and finish stronger.
The draw leaves Southern on 17 points in fourth, two behind Auckland.
It has one game left next week, against Capital, in Wellington.


Home
Introduction
Language Basic & Operators
Comments
Our First Program
Header Files
Control Statements
Conditionals
Unconditionals
Loops
Arrays
Functions
Types of Functions
Hey there guys, If you new to programming? and If you want to learn coding? and Wanna get
started with C language?.....
you are at the perfect place. Here you will be provided with the very formost
and basic content regarding C Language, which is perfect for a beginner. I
request you to practise every example ( Link to Turbo C++ is provided ). Coding
and programming is all about practising and experimenting.
So , best of luck and keep programming.
So , best of luck and keep programming.
Next Chapter


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Measured Progress and Accountability
Every time we hear of another Black or Brown person taken away from
our community it hurts, because many of us know it can be prevented,
and we know no one will be held accountable.
Many of us want to protect our sisters, brothers, daughters,
fathers, mothers, sons, grandparents and other loved ones from the
very people who are sworn to keep us safe. Police in California kill
almost 200 people every year, the majority of whom are people of
color, and over 50% of them unarmed. This persistent and pervasive
state violence is a violation of the public trust.
How We Got Here
BLD PWR also engaged influencers to amplify the Let Us Live campaign through social media and participation in a pair of powerful PSA videos, featuring voices from entertainment, sports and music as well as grassroots leaders and family members that are directly impacted.
As AB 392 advanced, the overwhelming data and passionate community support carried it through multiple committee hearings, despite attacks and detractions by law enforcement. The original language of the bill included radical language that held officers criminally liable for using deadly force when there were other alternatives, defined what a necessary use of force would mean as well as mandating de-escalation in police encounters.
Eventually, the very powerful police union lobby and their influence with lawmakers created a very complex set of conditions in Sacramento, which led to significant changes in the language of the bill when it passed the Assembly. The bill is very likely to pass the State Senate and be signed into law, reportedly due to a deal forged by Senate President Pro Tem Toni Atkins, Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon and Gov. Gavin Newsom.
This version of the bill lowers the likelihood that police will be held accountable for using deadly force, than its original intention.
What will AB 392 do now?
It is the tireless organizing of families, communities and advocates which generated the momentum necessary to support Assemblymember Shirley Weber’s courageous fight to make the law reflect the will of the people. BLD PWR knows the road to liberation has many lanes, and legislation and policy is only one of them.


THE CRUISE A film review by Steve Rhodes Copyright 1998 Steve Rhodes RATING (0 TO ****): ** 1/2
Timothy 'Speed' Levitch, the Spalding Gray of New York City tour guides, is the subject of director Bennett Miller's documentary, THE CRUISE.
Speed, a quintessential New Yorker, has the encyclopedic knowledge of a humanities graduate student. As his bus snakes though the crowded Manhattan streets, he talks a blue streak. Every building, it would seem, holds some literary or historical story, and Speed knows them all.
With a harsh, twangy voice, hair like an old mop, rumpled, torn clothes, and a splotchy face, Speed is an energetic veteran of the tour guide wars.
A fatalistic philosopher, Speed has opinions on every subject and many are pretty bizarre. "I think of every double-decker loop as another loop toward my death," he tells us in one of his more lucid moments. Many of his musings leaves one baffled as to their exact portent.
The movie has two parts, on the bus and off, which are interspersed. In his environment as a guide to the city, the other star of the movie, Speed is elegant and poetic. He describes New York City as, among other things, a "Cyclops" and a "scintillating mermaid."
When he is off the bus, negotiating assignments with his dispatcher or telling a rambling Jewish story, Speed doesn't hold our attention as he should. But, like patient tourists, we wait for the bus to leave and for him to get back on it so we can continue our journey.
To be fair, if success means pleasing your customers, Speed appears to be a failure. The many shots of his bus audience show them so near boredom that they look like moving zombies.
"One of the great tragedies of this experiment of the thing we call civilization is that we have to work," Speed tells us. This is ironic since he seems happy only when he is working. Even if his riders don't appreciate him, he loves every minute he gets on his little stage.
The short movie feels longer that it's hour and a quarter length, probably because it has one natural ending scene after another before it finally stops. Although the movie is worth seeing, the actual guided tour looks a lot more interesting.
THE CRUISE runs 1:16 and is filmed in black and white. The movie is not rated but would probably be PG-13 for mature themes and would be fine for kids around 12 and up.
Email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Web: www.InternetReviews.com
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


# Load markdown file that contains the task and data description
filename <- "Task_and_Data_Description.md"
data_description <- readChar(filename, file.info(filename)$size, )
| VARIABLE | DESCRIPTION | VALUES |
|---|---|---|
| participant_id | Participant identifier | 1 to 30 |
| trial | Trial number within the task | 1 to 516 per participant |
| block | Experimental block | 1 to 9 per participant |
| gng_response_type | Response type in the go/no-go task | SH = slow hit FH = fast hit FA = false alarm IR = inhibited response miss = missing response in go trial wrong_key = response made with a word categorization key |
| gng_rt | RT in the go/no-go task | RT in milliseconds NAs for trials in which no response was made (IR, miss) |
| gng_rt_invalid | Indication whether RT in the go/no-go task was < 100 ms or > 700 ms | TRUE FALSE NAs for trials in which no response was made (IR, miss) |
| gng_rt_inverse | Inverse-transformed RT in the go/no-go task | -1000/RT in milliseconds NAs for trials in which no response was made (IR, miss) |
| word | Affective word presented in the word categorization task | 60 German words (30 positive, 30 negative) from the Berlin Affective Word List Reloaded (Vo et al., 2009) |
| word_valence | Valence of the affective word | pos = positive neg = negative |
| word_accuracy | Correctness of the word categorization | correct = correct categorization incorrect = incorrect categorization miss = missing response wrong_key = response made with the go/no-go key |
| word_rt | RT in the word categorization task | RT in milliseconds NAs for trials in which no response was made (miss) |
| word_rt_outlier | Indication whether RT in the word categorization task was > 3 median absolute deviations (MAD) above or below a participant’s median RT per specific condition (gng_response_type x word_valence) | TRUE FALSE NAs for trials in which no response was made (miss) |
| word_rt_inverse | Inverse-transformed RT in the word categorization task | -1000/RT in milliseconds NAs for trials in which no response was made (miss) |
| iscr_gng_resp | Integrated SCR extracted within a time window from 1 to 4 s after the response in the go/no-go task | ISCR in microsiemens |
| trial_followed_or_preceded_ by_any_incorr_resp |
Indication whether trial was followed / preceded by any incorrect response in the go/no-go or the word categorization task | TRUE FALSE |
Aarts, K., De Houwer, J., & Pourtois, G. (2012). Evidence for the automatic evaluation of self-generated actions. Cognition, 124(2), 117-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2012.05.009
Aarts, K., De Houwer, J., & Pourtois, G. (2013). Erroneous and correct actions have a different affective valence: Evidence from ERPs. Emotion, 13(5), 960-973. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032808s
Benedek, M., & Kaernbach, C. (2010). A continuous measure of phasic electrodermal activity. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 190(1), 80-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.04.028
Hajcak, G., McDonald, N., & Simons, R. F. (2003). To err is autonomic: Error-related brain potentials, ANS activity, and post-error compensatory behavior. Psychophysiology, 40(6), 895-903. https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-8986.00107
Notebaert, W., Houtman, F., Opstal, F. V., Gevers, W., Fias, W., & Verguts, T. (2009). Post-error slowing: An orienting account. Cognition, 111(2), 275-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2009.02.002
Vo, M. L., Conrad, M., Kuchinke, L., Urton, K., Hofmann, M. J., & Jacobs, A. M. (2009). The Berlin Affective Word List Reloaded (BAWL-R). Behavior Research Methods, 41(2), 534-538. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.2.534
sessionInfo()
## R version 3.6.1 (2019-07-05)
## Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
## Running under: Windows 10 x64 (build 18363)
##
## Matrix products: default
##
## locale:
## [1] LC_COLLATE=German_Germany.1252 LC_CTYPE=German_Germany.1252
## [3] LC_MONETARY=German_Germany.1252 LC_NUMERIC=C
## [5] LC_TIME=German_Germany.1252
##
## attached base packages:
## [1] stats graphics grDevices datasets utils methods base
##
## loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
## [1] compiler_3.6.1 magrittr_1.5 htmltools_0.4.0 tools_3.6.1
## [5] yaml_2.2.0 Rcpp_1.0.5 stringi_1.4.3 rmarkdown_1.16
## [9] knitr_1.29 stringr_1.4.0 xfun_0.16 digest_0.6.22
## [13] rlang_0.4.8 renv_0.12.0 evaluate_0.14


Following a conversation with David Turner after the YorkCodeDojo on Wednesday night I thought I would have a go at implementing Huffman encoding using C#
As I couldn't remember the finer details (University was a long time ago), it was off to Wikipedia to look it up. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_coding
My first step was to order the letters by the frequency in which they occured in the source text. At this point I got a bit sidetracked as I wondered if using Linq would be a lot slower than writing a manual loop.
I now have a nice reuseable timing function :-)
```c#
internal static T Time
Console.WriteLine($"{sw.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds}ms");
return result;
} ``` (It turns out for this size of text there is no difference in performance)
The Linq code is
c#
static IEnumerable<LeafNode> OrderLettersByFrequencyUsingLinq(IEnumerable<char> fileText)
{
return fileText.GroupBy(c => c)
.Select(grp => new LeafNode(grp.Key, grp.Count()))
.OrderBy(grp => grp.Weight);
}
Once you have the letters sorted into frequency order, you can build a tree using two queues.
There are two types of nodes in the tree
1. LeafNodes which are the nodes which represent a letter and it's original weight.
2. CombinedNodes which combine two nodes together.
Both LeafNodes and CombinedNodes implement a INode interface.
I started off with a helper function which returns the lowest two values from the queues.
c#
private static INode GetLowestItem(Queue<LeafNode> leafQueue, Queue<CombinedNode> combinedQueue)
{
if (leafQueue.Count() == 0)
return combinedQueue.Dequeue();
else if (combinedQueue.Count() == 0)
return leafQueue.Dequeue();
else if (leafQueue.Peek().Weight < combinedQueue.Peek().Weight)
return leafQueue.Dequeue();
else
return combinedQueue.Dequeue();
}
Which then makes building the tree straight forward. We keep combining nodes until only 1 node remains.
```c#
private static CombinedNode BuildTree(IEnumerable
foreach (var item in lettersByFrequency)
leafQueue.Enqueue(item);
while (leafQueue.Count() + combinedQueue.Count() > 1)
{
var lhs = GetLowestItem(leafQueue, combinedQueue);
var rhs = GetLowestItem(leafQueue, combinedQueue);
var combinedNode = new CombinedNode(lhs, rhs);
combinedQueue.Enqueue(combinedNode);
}
return combinedQueue.Dequeue();
} ```
Once we have the tree we can recurse down it to generate the unique code for each letter ```c# private static void DisplayTree(INode node, string parentValue = "") { if (node is LeafNode leafNode) Console.WriteLine($"{leafNode.Key} is {parentValue}");
if (node is CombinedNode combinedNode)
{
DisplayTree(combinedNode.LHS, parentValue + "0");
DisplayTree(combinedNode.RHS, parentValue + "1");
}
} ```
To decode the message is quite fun. First of all you must build a tree with the same structure as you used to encode it. There is a bit in the article about the best way to transmit that. You then start at the beginning of the encoded text and walk the tree based on the current 0 or 1 value. Once you reach a leaf node, you output the character and return to the top of the tree.
```c# private static string DecodeText(CombinedNode tree, string encodedText) { var result = ""; var offset = 0; INode currentNode = tree; while (offset < encodedText.Length) { if (currentNode is CombinedNode combinedNode) { if (encodedText[offset] == '0') currentNode = combinedNode.LHS; else currentNode = combinedNode.RHS; }
if (currentNode is LeafNode leafNode)
{
result += leafNode.Key;
currentNode = tree;
}
offset++;
}
return result;
}
```
The complete code is available on github


Reflecting on predictions for Umbraco
Last year a wrote a few predictions for Umbraco – for beyond 2014; a 5-year future.
Reviewing those predictions, many things have happened in the world of web-development, so I would like to reflect on those.
node.js
The idea of switching Umbraco’s “server-side” codebase from ASP.NET to node.js was quite appealing. Out-the-box it would be cross-platform, high-performance, asynchronous – all win!
Then Microsoft announced ASP.NET vNext! Bringing us… Roslyn! KVM! Cross-platform (Mono)! Async! NuGet! All open-source! BOOM!
Scott Hanselman covers all this in his post: Introducing ASP.NET vNext
In a nutshell, ASP.NET vNext has reinvented itself as a killer web-platform for the next decade.
My revised predication would be that Umbraco will (in time) fully embrace ASP.NET vNext.
I’d say that the appeal for node.js is great – especially in that it would open up the playing field to great JavaScript developers.
NoSQL (document database)
I still believe that document-databases are better suited for CMS repositories – flexible structures/data-models, etc. I don’t have a favourite “NoSQL” flavour – (although redis and mongodb do get mentioned a lot in my various newsfeeds).
Would Umbraco ever leave its SQL Server roots? Maybe one day, but I doubt it will happen in the next 5 years – could be one for v12?
Microsoft have announced DocumentDB, but that looks to be exclusively for Azure. At least this means someone in Microsoft recognised the need for document-databases on the .NET stack. Food for thought.
The bifurcation of Umbraco
This prediction remains the same. It’s the area that excites and interests me the most.
In terms of Umbraco, I think we’ll see a demand for separating the “front-end” from the “back-office”.
There’ll be teams who will love the editorial experience that Umbraco offers, but are not willing to be forced to use the front-end technology/framework.
Next week is the annual Umbraco UK Festival in London. If you are attending and want to discuss any of these predictions, then feel free to say hello for a chat.


AMAs 2019: Glitter, glamour and theatrics at awards – in pictures
by Guardian staffTaylor Swift, Billie Eilish and Lil Nas X all take home awards in high-energy Los Angeles ceremony
US singer Halsey arrives for the 2019 American Music Awards in Los Angeles.
Photograph: Mark Ralston/AFP via Getty Images
Taylor Swift won a record-breaking six awards and was named artist of the year and artist of the decade.
Photograph: Chelsea Lauren/REX/Shutterstock
Selena Gomez kicked off the American Music Awards with her first live TV performance in two years.
Photograph: Kevin Winter/Getty Images for dcp
US singer/songwriter Billie Eilish poses with her awards for New Artist of the Year and Alternative Artist.
Photograph: Valérie Macon/AFP via Getty Images
New artist of the year nominee Lizzo treated fans to her single, Jerome.
Photograph: Mario Anzuoni/Reuters
Post Malone was nominated for the artist of the year award, which went to Taylor Swift.
Photograph: Jason Merritt/Radarpics/REX/Shutterstock
Toni Braxton performed her 1996 hit Unbreak My Heart.
Photograph: Chris Pizzello/Invision/AP
Lil Nas X won Favorite Song in the Rap/Hip-Hop category for Old Town Road.
Photograph: Chelsea Lauren/REX/Shutterstock
Canadian singer-songwriter Shania Twain closed the night with a medley of songs.
Photograph: Chelsea Lauren/REX/Shutterstock
Watt arrives at the 47th Annual American Music Awards.
Photograph: Jason Merritt/Radarpics/REX/Shutterstock
Carrie Underwood wins Favorite Album - Country and Favorite Female Artist - Country for her record, Cry Pretty.
Photograph: Stewart Cook/REX/Shutterstock
Kesha arrives at the 47th Annual American Music Awards.
Photograph: Stewart Cook/REX/Shutterstock
Travis Scott performs during the 47th Annual American Music Awards.
Photograph: Chelsea Lauren/REX/Shutterstock
Alyson Stoner at the 47th Annual American Music Awards.
Photograph: Stewart Cook/REX/Shutterstock
Post Malone performs during the 47th Annual American Music Awards.
Photograph: Chelsea Lauren/REX/Shutterstock


from pepper.framework.abstract.microphone import AbstractMicrophone
from pepper import NAOqiMicrophoneIndex
import numpy as np
import qi
from typing import List, Callable, Tuple
[docs]class NAOqiMicrophone(AbstractMicrophone):
"""
NAOqi Microphone
Parameters
----------
session: qi.Session
Qi Application Session
index: NAOqiMicrophoneIndex or int
Which Microphone to Use
callbacks: list of callable
Functions to call each time some audio samples are captured
"""
SERVICE = "ALAudioDevice"
RATE = 16000
def __init__(self, session, index, callbacks=[]):
# type: (qi.Session, NAOqiMicrophoneIndex, List[Callable[[np.ndarray], None]]) -> None
super(NAOqiMicrophone, self).__init__(
NAOqiMicrophone.RATE, 4 if index == NAOqiMicrophoneIndex.ALL else 1, callbacks)
# Register Service and Subscribe this class as callback
self._service = session.service(NAOqiMicrophone.SERVICE)
session.registerService(self.__class__.__name__, self)
self._service.setClientPreferences(self.__class__.__name__, self.rate, int(index), 0)
self._service.subscribe(self.__class__.__name__)
self._log.debug("Booted")
[docs] def processRemote(self, channels, samples, timestamp, buffer):
# type: (int, int, Tuple[int, int], bytes) -> None
"""
Process Audio Window from Pepper/Nao
This function must be exactly called "processRemote", according to NAOqi specifications.
Make sure this thread is idle to receive calls from NAOqi to 'processRemote', otherwise frames will be dropped!
Parameters
----------
channels: int
Number of Channels
samples: int
Number of Samples
timestamp: (int, int)
seconds, millis since boot
buffer: bytes
Audio Buffer
"""
audio = np.frombuffer(buffer, np.int16)
self.on_audio(audio)


DMA notification manager system
- Author
- Carlos Arroyo
| DMA\Friends\Classes\Notifications\ChannelManager::callNotificationBuilder |
( |
|
$callback, |
|
|
|
$notification |
|
) |
| |
|
protected |
Pass a notification message to the Clouser before send through each channel
- Parameters
-
| Closure | $callback | |
| \DMA\Friends\Classes\Notifications\NotificationMessage | $notification | |
- Exceptions
-
121 if($callback instanceof
Closure){
122 return call_user_func($callback, $notification);
125 throw new \InvalidArgumentException(
'Callback must be a Closure');
| DMA\Friends\Classes\Notifications\ChannelManager::getChannelInstance |
( |
|
$channelKey | ) |
|
Return an instance of the given key channel
- Parameters
-
- Returns
- DMA:
88 return $this->channels[$channelKey];
| DMA\Friends\Classes\Notifications\ChannelManager::getChannelSettingFields |
( |
| ) |
|
Return settings fields that should be add to Friends settings.
- Returns
- array
99 $fields = $ch->settingFields();
100 if(is_array($fields)){
101 foreach($fields as $key => $opts){
102 $info = $ch->getDetails();
103 $tab = $info[
'name'] .
' settings';
105 $extra[$key] = $opts;
getRegisterChannels($onlyListenable=false)
Definition: ChannelManager.php:67
| DMA\Friends\Classes\Notifications\ChannelManager::getRegisterChannels |
( |
|
$onlyListenable = false | ) |
|
Return an array of all register notification channels
- Parameters
-
| $onlyListenable | Return only channels that implement read method |
- Returns
- array
70 return $this->channels;
73 foreach ($this->channels as $key => $ch){
74 if ($ch instanceof Listenable){
75 $channels[$key] = $this->channels[$key];
| DMA\Friends\Classes\Notifications\ChannelManager::readChannels |
( |
| ) |
|
Implements internal polling for channels that are listenable
196 $activeChannels = Settings::get(
'active_listenable_channels', []);
197 $channels = $this->channels;
199 $channels = array_filter($channels,
function($ch) use($activeChannels){
200 if(in_array($ch->getKey(), $activeChannels)){
206 foreach($channels as $ch){
209 if($ch instanceof Listenable){
212 if (count($data) > 0){
213 $channelCode = $ch->getKey();
214 $event =
"dma.channel.$channelCode.incoming.data";
215 \Event::fire($event, [$data]);
| DMA\Friends\Classes\Notifications\ChannelManager::registerChannels |
( |
array |
$channels | ) |
|
Register channels
- Parameters
-
| array | $channels | classnames of channels to be register |
48 foreach($channels as $class){
50 $ch = \App::make($class);
54 $this->channels[$ch->getKey()] = $ch;
| DMA\Friends\Classes\Notifications\ChannelManager::registerInputValidators |
( |
array |
$validators | ) |
|
Register inputs
- Parameters
-
| array | $inputs | classnames of input validators to be register |
36 foreach($validators as $class){
37 $this->inputValidators[$class::getCode()] = $class;
| DMA\Friends\Classes\Notifications\ChannelManager::send |
( |
|
$notificationName, |
|
|
|
$callback, |
|
|
array |
$sentBy = [] |
|
) |
| |
Send a notification using all register channels if $sendBy is not given.
- Parameters
-
| string | $notificationName | |
| Clouser | $callback | |
| array | $data | |
| array | $sentBy | |
- Exceptions
-
140 $notification =
new NotificationMessage;
148 if (count($sentBy) > 0){
149 foreach($sentBy as $key){
150 if($ch = @$this->channels[$key]){
151 $channels[$key] =$ch;
153 throw new \Exception(
'Invalid channel ' . $key);
157 $channels = $this->channels;
160 $activeChannels = Settings::get(
'active_notification_channels', []);
162 if (!empty($activeChannels)){
164 $channels = array_filter($channels,
function($ch) use($activeChannels){
165 if(in_array($ch->getKey(), $activeChannels)){
174 foreach($channels as $channel){
177 $view = sprintf(
'dma.friends::%s.%s', strtolower($channel->getKey()), $notificationName);
178 $notification->setView($view);
181 $channel->send($notification);
188 return $notification;
callNotificationBuilder($callback, $notification)
Definition: ChannelManager.php:119
The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:
- classes/notifications/ChannelManager.php


ASImageNode Class Reference
| Inherits from | ASControlNode : ASDisplayNode : ASDealloc2MainObject |
|---|---|
| Declared in | ASImageNode.h |
image
The image to display.
@property (nullable, nonatomic, strong) UIImage *image
Discussion
The node will efficiently display stretchable images by using the layer’s contentsCenter property. Non-stretchable images work too, of course.
Declared In
ASImageNode.h
placeholderColor
The placeholder color.
@property (nullable, nonatomic, strong) UIColor *placeholderColor
Declared In
ASImageNode.h
cropEnabled
Indicates whether efficient cropping of the receiver is enabled.
@property (nonatomic, assign, getter=isCropEnabled) BOOL cropEnabled
Discussion
Defaults to YES. See -setCropEnabled:recropImmediately:inBounds: for more information.
Declared In
ASImageNode.h
forceUpscaling
Indicates that efficient downsizing of backing store should not be enabled.
@property (nonatomic, assign) BOOL forceUpscaling
Discussion
Defaults to NO. @see ASCroppedImageBackingSizeAndDrawRectInBounds for more information.
Declared In
ASImageNode.h
forcedSize
Forces image to be rendered at forcedSize.
@property (nonatomic, assign) CGSize forcedSize
Discussion
Defaults to CGSizeZero to indicate that the forcedSize should not be used. Setting forcedSize to non-CGSizeZero will force the backing of the layer contents to be forcedSize (automatically adjusted for contentsSize).
Declared In
ASImageNode.h
– setCropEnabled:recropImmediately:inBounds:
Enables or disables efficient cropping.
- (void)setCropEnabled:(BOOL)cropEnabled recropImmediately:(BOOL)recropImmediately inBounds:(CGRect)cropBounds
Parameters
cropEnabled |
YES to efficiently crop the receiver’s contents such that contents outside of its bounds are not included; NO otherwise. |
|---|---|
recropImmediately |
If the receiver has an image, YES to redisplay the receiver immediately; NO otherwise. |
cropBounds |
The bounds into which the receiver will be cropped. Useful if bounds are to change in response to cropping (but have not yet done so). |
Discussion
Efficient cropping is only performed when the receiver’s view’s contentMode is UIViewContentModeScaleAspectFill. By default, cropping is enabled. The crop alignment may be controlled via cropAlignmentFactor.
Declared In
ASImageNode.h
cropRect
A value that controls how the receiver’s efficient cropping is aligned.
@property (nonatomic, readwrite, assign) CGRect cropRect
Discussion
This value defines a rectangle that is to be featured by the receiver. The rectangle is specified as a “unit rectangle,” using fractions of the source image’s width and height, e.g. CGRectMake(0.5, 0, 0.5, 1.0) will feature the full right half a photo. If the cropRect is empty, the content mode of the receiver will be used to determine its dimensions, and only the cropRect’s origin will be used for positioning. The default value of this property is CGRectMake(0.5, 0.5, 0.0, 0.0).
Declared In
ASImageNode.h
imageModificationBlock
An optional block which can perform drawing operations on image during the display phase.
@property (nullable, nonatomic, readwrite, copy) asimagenode_modification_block_t imageModificationBlock
Discussion
Can be used to add image effects (such as rounding, adding borders, or other pattern overlays) without extraneous display calls.
Declared In
ASImageNode.h
– setNeedsDisplayWithCompletion:
Marks the receiver as needing display and performs a block after display has finished.
- (void)setNeedsDisplayWithCompletion:(nullable void ( ^ ) ( BOOL canceled ))displayCompletionBlock
Parameters
displayCompletionBlock |
The block to be performed after display has
finished. Its |
|---|
Discussion
displayCompletionBlock will be performed on the main-thread. If
displaySuspended
is YES, displayCompletionBlock
is will be
performed immediately and YES
will be passed for canceled
.
Declared In
ASImageNode.h
isDefaultFocusAppearance
A bool to track if the current appearance of the node is the default focus appearance. Exposed here so the category methods can set it.
@property (nonatomic, assign) BOOL isDefaultFocusAppearance
Declared In
ASImageNode.h


WWW is evolving faster than ever
Modern Web Development
Depends on many languages and libraries & frameworks
javascript
php
sass
less
jade
coffeescript
Ant
make
rake
cake
bash
Image compression tools
ruby
java
scala
livereload
erlang
handlebars
mustache
backbone
selenium
python
Django
npm
ruby gems
require
spring
jQuery Mobile
Sencha
jQuery UI
Sproutcore
Selenium
nodejs
QUnit
Jasmine
jstestdriver
Depends on changing third-party API's
facebook
google
twitter
foursquare
github
maps
instagram
pinterest
Amazon
Delicious
pinboard
evernote
bitly
youtube
twillo
Flickr
ebay
lastfm
netflix
vimeo
grooveshark
Runs on bleeding browsers edges
The Problem
Due the dynamic nature of the web, NO ONE can guarantee that a website working today will be working tomorrow
&
If things breaks, it is hard to answer WHEN, WHERE & HOW.
Debuggify came to the rescue
Debuggify is a simple cloud based full-stack debugging service which enhances the web development experience.
How debuggify works
We notify developers with detailed information which help them to track and fix the problem
Geo Location statistics
Environment Information
Technical Information
Impact Analysis
Why it will be huge ?
- It can be used on any web page to provide a bug free experience
- Primary users consists of solo developers, bloggers, big teams or basically anyone who owns a website
- It makes the life of developers a lot more easy so they can focus on other aspects of the development
- As the web-based technologies are growing rapidly, so is the need of the service


A Restorative Rural Retreat for Sartfell / Foster Lomas
- Curated by María Francisca González
- about 21 hours
- version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"? Architects: Foster Lomas
- AreaArea of this architecture projectArea: 300.0 m2
- version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?YearCompletion year of this architecture project Year: 2018
- version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?PhotographsPhotographs: Edmund Sumner, Greg Lomas
- version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?ManufacturersBrands with products used in this architecture project Manufacturers: Berg Bespoke, Cavendish Equipment, FOAMGLAS, Lloyds Heating Design, Lumi, Maxlight, Organic Roofs, Rundum Meir, Steyson, Surecav, West Country Blacksmiths
- Clients Peter & Carole Lillywhite
- Engineering Conisbee
- Landscape Manx Wildlife Trust
- Consultants XCo2 – environmental and sustainability
- Collaborators West Country Blacksmiths and John Hesp – staircase
- Contractor Organic Construction Solutions
More Specs Less Specs
Text description provided by the architects. The Sartfell Restorative Rural Retreat is the result of a unique collaboration between the clients - a retired couple whose background combines biological science, medicine, and education, the architect Foster Lomas, and the local charity Manx Wildlife Trust.
The Client created a brief for the restoration, conservation and management of the 7.5 acres of Nature Reserve on Sartfell Mountain. The long-term vision is to rewild the site with native woodland, meadowland and acid bogs which are home to rare orchid species.
Our response to the site draws on our previous research of drystone construction whilst working in Abruzzo, Italy. We have reinterpreted this vernacular technology and local Manx stone structures to create an original building in its unique setting.
Harvested from the site, the drystone walls allow local ecology to inhabit voids within. Its organic rooftop emulates the flora of the immediate area and complements the drystone walling. Over a period of time, the walls will subtly become part of the landscape, with minimal impact on the land.
The signature feature of the house is a ribbon window that wraps around, framing the sweeping views of the Mountains of Mourne, the Irish Sea and the Mull of Galloway, to the delight of the pair of ornithological enthusiasts.
All the spaces are ordered around a staircase core forming a triangular plan that elegantly accommodates the library. The drama of the staircase is topped with a clerestory that frames the study and its exposed concrete interior. The poetic orientation of the stairs aligns the ascendance with views up to the mountain, whilst the descent directs views down into the valley.
The entire site is carbon neutral in operation, equipped with ground source heating harnessing energy from a nearby lake, a natural processing sewerage system and a wind turbine. Weather conditions were monitored prior to construction with the introduction of a weather station capturing data to achieve optimum level of the retreat’s environmental performance.


Getting Started
Basics
The ZOOMA homepage contains a text box that allows you to discover possible ontology mappings for your terms. Try clicking the "Show me some examples..." link above this box - it should populate the box with example terms. Hit 'Annotate'. A progress bar appears, showing you when ZOOMA has mapped your terms.
Once complete, you should see a table of results. Green shows that ZOOMA could map this term
"automatically", i.e. with a HIGH degree of confidence. Yellow shows that ZOOMA was less sure with a GOOD, MEDIUM or LOW degree of confidence, and
results might need further curator intervention to determine if ZOOMA is correct.
We can help Zooma return a mapping with higher confidence if we supply additional context for a term by adding a type to
our search. If you look at the text box, you'll see when you clicked "Show me some examples..." it
populated a type after some values, with a tab between them, e.g.: cooked broccoli compound.
Let's look at some of the examples in a little more detail, and try to make it harder for Zooma to find a result.
First let us limit it's sources by annotating the terms to the Expression Atlas datasource.
Zooma gives you the option
to limit the sources that it will use to find annotation predictions. These sources are either curated datasources,
or ontologies from the Ontology Lookup Service.
From the 'Configure Datasources' gear, select 'Configure Curated Datasources' and select only Expression Atlas as the source to be searched in.
Next limit the terms to the four ones shown below, and remove the type 'phenotype' from spastic paraplegia 10.
Now hit 'Annotate'.
Again we can see that some terms where mapped with high confidence, and others with good. If we look at the terms that weren't mapped,
in the case of spastic paraplegia 10, we can see that Zooma will not find a mapping in the Expression Atlas datasource.
Lets try to help Zooma out again, by adding some context. If we add a type to spastic paraplegia 10, we can improve our confidence. Modify the input box - after the term Spastic paraplegia 10, put a tab and add 'phenotype'. Now hit 'Annotate' again. You should see that the third result in our table has gone yellow with a good confidence.
If you open the 'Configure Datasources' gear, and de-select the Expression Atlas datasource, Zooma will look into all the available curated datasources. If you Annotate the terms once again, you will see that Zooma has found a mapping with high confidence in the EVA ClinVar database for spastic paraplegia.
Worked Examples
Below are some example inputs you can run against ZOOMA. These datasets are all taken from ArrayExpress. You can open any of these files and copy and paste everything into the ZOOMA search box to see what coverage you get.
- ZOOMA example input 1
- ZOOMA example input 2
- ZOOMA example input 3
- ZOOMA example input 4
- ZOOMA example input 5
- ZOOMA example input 6
- ZOOMA example input 7
- ZOOMA example input 8
- ZOOMA example input 9
- ZOOMA example input 10
Copy and paste the data from one of the example input files, above, into the ZOOMA search box. Hit annotate and check you have some sensible looking results.
Zooma Results
We're going to export and inspect ZOOMA's output to see how well it did. Above your table of results, you should see an option to "Download my results". If you click this, you should be able to open a complete report from ZOOMA in a tab delimited text format in your browser.
Either right-click this link, then "Save as..." or else open the link and copy and paste the data. Open it in your spreadsheet editor of choice (Excel or Google Drive should work fine).
For example, you might get ZOOMA output like this:
| PROPERTY TYPE | PROPERTY VALUE | ONTOLOGY TERM LABEL(S) | MAPPING TYPE | ONTOLOGY TERM(S) | SOURCE(S) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Organism | Arabidopsis thaliana | Arabidopsis thaliana | High | NCBITaxon_3702 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/gxa |
Does this look like a reasonable result?
Configuring Datasources
Zooma gives you the option to limit the sources that it will use to find annotation predictions. These sources are either curated datasources, i.e. manually curated annotations derived from public databases, or annotations found from ontologies in the Ontology Lookup Service.
By selecting the 'Configure Datasources' gear under the Zooma text box, you can either select from the available curated datasources, or look for an ontology in the Ontology Lookup Service.
Adding New Mappings to Zooma
From here on, we're going to review how to feed back data to Zooma to help improve mappings in
future. For example, if you found results in the worked example above that looked wrong, or if Zooma
gave multiple hits, or if there was something that did not map that you think should map, you can
add new mappings to Zooma to help improve it's output. Below, we're going to see how to do this.
Let say that you've copied/pasted example 9 in zooma and clicked on the 'annotate' button.
Looking at the term 'ripening' you can see that it is mapped to semantic tag PO_0007010 ("whole plant fruit ripening stage")
which is the ripening stage of the whole plant starting when the first fruit starts ripening and ending
when the last fruit finishes ripening.
Maybe you think that this association is wrong and you'd rather see 'ripening' being associated
with semantic tag PO_0025502 ("fruit ripening stage") which is the ripening of one fruit.
Then you can submit a tab file to our JIRA bug tracker which would be as follow :
| STUDY | BIOENTITY | PROPERTY_TYPE | PROPERTY_VALUE | SEMANTIC_TAG | ANNOTATOR | ANNOTATION_DATE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plant structure development stage | ripening | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PO_0025502 | your_name | the_date |
The study, bioentity and type are not mandatory but help enriching the annotation for searches with
more context.
The date should be in the following format : 2015-08-21 12:00:00
We will then load that file to Zooma in one of our weekly data releases. Once that done, when
searching for 'ripening', Zooma would also suggest the PO_0025502 term you added.
Below is an example of an annotation submited by the Expression
Atlas group at the EBI :
| STUDY | BIOENTITY | PROPERTY_TYPE | PROPERTY_VALUE | SEMANTIC_TAG | ANNOTATOR | ANNOTATION_DATE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E-GEOD-10927 | GSE10927GSM277147 | biopsy site | left | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0001658 | Eleanor Williams | 01/10/2014 18:32 |
Now imagine that, to save curator time and energy, you've got this pipeline which uses the zooma rest api to
automatically annotate your data. Because you want to be on the safe side, the pipeline only accept annotations
which come back with a 'HIGH' mapping confidence.
Looking back at the 'example 9', you can see that the term 'GM08928' is mapped to semantic tag 'CLO_0011237'.
You know that this is true but in Zooma, because not many sources say so, it comes back with a 'GOOD' score
rather then a 'HIGH' score. So even though your automatic pipeline runs every week, you find yourself
having to annotate the same term over an over again.
To avoid that, you can also submit a spreadsheet, as described above, associating term 'GM08928' to semantic
tag 'CLO_0011237' and submit it to us. Because now zooma has the same association from 2 different datasources
then it is likely to come back next time with a 'HIGH' score and your annotation will be done automatically.


Public Member Functions | |
| sForPatient ($patient_id) | |
| save ($data=null, $validate=true, $fieldList=array()) | |
| findOrCreate ($associateUser) | |
| createForUser ($user) | |
Public Attributes | |
| $name = "Associate" | |
| $useTable = 'associates' | |
| $belongsTo = array("User" => array('foreignKey' => 'id')) | |
| $hasAndBelongsToMany |
Copyright 2013 University of Washington, School of Nursing. http://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
| Associate::save | ( | $ | data = null , |
|
| $ | validate = true , |
|||
| $ | fieldList = array() | |||
| ) |
Overidden because we need to create a user_acl_leafs record also
| Associate::$hasAndBelongsToMany |
Initial value:
array("Patient" => array('className' => "Patient", 'joinTable' => "patients_associates", "foreign_key" => "associate_id", #"conditions" => array("Associate.verified = true"), "associationForeignKey" => "patient_id" ))


CJPEG
Section: User Commands (1)Updated: 20 March 1998
Index Return to Main Contents
NAME
cjpeg - compress an image file to a JPEG fileSYNOPSIS
cjpeg [ options ] [ filename ]DESCRIPTION
cjpeg compresses the named image file, or the standard input if no file is named, and produces a JPEG/JFIF file on the standard output. The currently supported input file formats are: PPM (PBMPLUS color format), PGM (PBMPLUS gray-scale format), BMP, Targa, and RLE (Utah Raster Toolkit format). (RLE is supported only if the URT library is available.)
OPTIONS
All switch names may be abbreviated; for example, -grayscale may be written -gray or -gr. Most of the "basic" switches can be abbreviated to as little as one letter. Upper and lower case are equivalent (thus -BMP is the same as -bmp). British spellings are also accepted (e.g., -greyscale), though for brevity these are not mentioned below.The basic switches are:
- -quality N
- Scale quantization tables to adjust image quality. Quality is 0 (worst) to 100 (best); default is 75. (See below for more info.)
- -grayscale
- Create monochrome JPEG file from color input. Be sure to use this switch when compressing a grayscale BMP file, because cjpeg isn't bright enough to notice whether a BMP file uses only shades of gray. By saying -grayscale, you'll get a smaller JPEG file that takes less time to process.
- -optimize
- Perform optimization of entropy encoding parameters. Without this, default encoding parameters are used. -optimize usually makes the JPEG file a little smaller, but cjpeg runs somewhat slower and needs much more memory. Image quality and speed of decompression are unaffected by -optimize.
- -progressive
- Create progressive JPEG file (see below).
- -targa
- Input file is Targa format. Targa files that contain an "identification" field will not be automatically recognized by cjpeg; for such files you must specify -targa to make cjpeg treat the input as Targa format. For most Targa files, you won't need this switch.
The -quality switch lets you trade off compressed file size against quality of the reconstructed image: the higher the quality setting, the larger the JPEG file, and the closer the output image will be to the original input. Normally you want to use the lowest quality setting (smallest file) that decompresses into something visually indistinguishable from the original image. For this purpose the quality setting should be between 50 and 95; the default of 75 is often about right. If you see defects at -quality 75, then go up 5 or 10 counts at a time until you are happy with the output image. (The optimal setting will vary from one image to another.)
-quality 100 will generate a quantization table of all 1's, minimizing loss in the quantization step (but there is still information loss in subsampling, as well as roundoff error). This setting is mainly of interest for experimental purposes. Quality values above about 95 are not recommended for normal use; the compressed file size goes up dramatically for hardly any gain in output image quality.
In the other direction, quality values below 50 will produce very small files of low image quality. Settings around 5 to 10 might be useful in preparing an index of a large image library, for example. Try -quality 2 (or so) for some amusing Cubist effects. (Note: quality values below about 25 generate 2-byte quantization tables, which are considered optional in the JPEG standard. cjpeg emits a warning message when you give such a quality value, because some other JPEG programs may be unable to decode the resulting file. Use -baseline if you need to ensure compatibility at low quality values.)
The -progressive switch creates a "progressive JPEG" file. In this type of JPEG file, the data is stored in multiple scans of increasing quality. If the file is being transmitted over a slow communications link, the decoder can use the first scan to display a low-quality image very quickly, and can then improve the display with each subsequent scan. The final image is exactly equivalent to a standard JPEG file of the same quality setting, and the total file size is about the same --- often a little smaller. Caution: progressive JPEG is not yet widely implemented, so many decoders will be unable to view a progressive JPEG file at all.
Switches for advanced users:
- -dct int
- Use integer DCT method (default).
- -dct fast
- Use fast integer DCT (less accurate).
- -dct float
- Use floating-point DCT method. The float method is very slightly more accurate than the int method, but is much slower unless your machine has very fast floating-point hardware. Also note that results of the floating-point method may vary slightly across machines, while the integer methods should give the same results everywhere. The fast integer method is much less accurate than the other two.
- -restart N
- Emit a JPEG restart marker every N MCU rows, or every N MCU blocks if "B" is attached to the number. -restart 0 (the default) means no restart markers.
- -smooth N
- Smooth the input image to eliminate dithering noise. N, ranging from 1 to 100, indicates the strength of smoothing. 0 (the default) means no smoothing.
- -maxmemory N
- Set limit for amount of memory to use in processing large images. Value is in thousands of bytes, or millions of bytes if "M" is attached to the number. For example, -max 4m selects 4000000 bytes. If more space is needed, temporary files will be used.
- -outfile name
- Send output image to the named file, not to standard output.
- -verbose
- Enable debug printout. More -v's give more output. Also, version information is printed at startup.
- -debug
- Same as -verbose.
The -restart option inserts extra markers that allow a JPEG decoder to resynchronize after a transmission error. Without restart markers, any damage to a compressed file will usually ruin the image from the point of the error to the end of the image; with restart markers, the damage is usually confined to the portion of the image up to the next restart marker. Of course, the restart markers occupy extra space. We recommend -restart 1 for images that will be transmitted across unreliable networks such as Usenet.
The -smooth option filters the input to eliminate fine-scale noise. This is often useful when converting dithered images to JPEG: a moderate smoothing factor of 10 to 50 gets rid of dithering patterns in the input file, resulting in a smaller JPEG file and a better-looking image. Too large a smoothing factor will visibly blur the image, however.
Switches for wizards:
- -baseline
- Force baseline-compatible quantization tables to be generated. This clamps quantization values to 8 bits even at low quality settings. (This switch is poorly named, since it does not ensure that the output is actually baseline JPEG. For example, you can use -baseline and -progressive together.)
- -qtables file
- Use the quantization tables given in the specified text file.
- -qslots N[,...]
- Select which quantization table to use for each color component.
- -sample HxV[,...]
- Set JPEG sampling factors for each color component.
- -scans file
- Use the scan script given in the specified text file.
The "wizard" switches are intended for experimentation with JPEG. If you don't know what you are doing, don't use them. These switches are documented further in the file wizard.doc.
EXAMPLES
This example compresses the PPM file foo.ppm with a quality factor of 60 and saves the output as foo.jpg:
- cjpeg -quality 60 foo.ppm > foo.jpg
HINTS
Color GIF files are not the ideal input for JPEG; JPEG is really intended for compressing full-color (24-bit) images. In particular, don't try to convert cartoons, line drawings, and other images that have only a few distinct colors. GIF works great on these, JPEG does not. If you want to convert a GIF to JPEG, you should experiment with cjpeg's -quality and -smooth options to get a satisfactory conversion. -smooth 10 or so is often helpful.Avoid running an image through a series of JPEG compression/decompression cycles. Image quality loss will accumulate; after ten or so cycles the image may be noticeably worse than it was after one cycle. It's best to use a lossless format while manipulating an image, then convert to JPEG format when you are ready to file the image away.
The -optimize option to cjpeg is worth using when you are making a "final" version for posting or archiving. It's also a win when you are using low quality settings to make very small JPEG files; the percentage improvement is often a lot more than it is on larger files. (At present, -optimize mode is always selected when generating progressive JPEG files.)
ENVIRONMENT
- JPEGMEM
- If this environment variable is set, its value is the default memory limit. The value is specified as described for the -maxmemory switch. JPEGMEM overrides the default value specified when the program was compiled, and itself is overridden by an explicit -maxmemory.
SEE ALSO
djpeg(1), jpegtran(1), rdjpgcom(1), wrjpgcom(1)ppm(5), pgm(5)
Wallace, Gregory K. "The JPEG Still Picture Compression Standard", Communications of the ACM, April 1991 (vol. 34, no. 4), pp. 30-44.
AUTHOR
Independent JPEG GroupBUGS
Arithmetic coding is not supported for legal reasons.GIF input files are no longer supported, to avoid the Unisys LZW patent. Use a Unisys-licensed program if you need to read a GIF file. (Conversion of GIF files to JPEG is usually a bad idea anyway.)
Not all variants of BMP and Targa file formats are supported.
The -targa switch is not a bug, it's a feature. (It would be a bug if the Targa format designers had not been clueless.)
Still not as fast as we'd like.
Index
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 05:29:02 GMT, December 24, 2015


BoN avails N$50 million for SMEs 09 Dec 2019, 11:48 by Staff Reporter Home \ Front Page News \ BoN avails N$50 million for SMEs - New Era Live


Unknown budget LG phone with a water-drop notch clears FCC - Gizchina.com
by Ige EbimaUnknown budget LG phone with a water-drop notch clears FCC
3 (60%) 2 votes
LG’s smartphone business has been on a downward spiral for quite some time, all thanks to the ever-increasing pressure Samsung the likes of Samsung, and a number of Chinese phone makers. The brand recently announced that it is looking the way of the ODM (Original Design Manufacturer) business model to keep its smartphones afloat in the mobile market. This is especially true for low-end, and budget smartphones, but not the high-end LG series.
Now, it appears the brand is on the verge of releasing a new budget smartphone, as it has now got one of its devices approved by the US Federal Communications Commission, or FCC. The device bears the LM-X210LMW model number, and from the look of it appears to be on the budget level. Sadly, the FCC document does not reveal the specs sheet and even the official name of the device in question, but there are a couple of official images that reveal its entire design.
The images shared on the FCC reveals that the said LG will come with a full-screen design featuring a centrally placed water-drop notch for a single rear camera. On the rear, the device is seen with a single rear camera on the left, with no evidence of a fingerprint scanner. Given that the device isn’t reminiscence of a premium or mid-range device, we would assume it will come with no fingerprint sensor for biometric authentication. It is also unlikely to get an in-display option.
LG LM-X210LMW rear Panel
Notably, the rear panel of the unknown LG phone is removable, which perhaps, suggests it has a removable battery. On the lower edge, there is a USB Type-C and two grilles, apparently for a speaker and a microphone, and on top, there is only a 3.5 mm headphone jack. The device has yet to appear on Geekbench, and other certification databases, so we might be hearing more about it in the coming days.


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