Research
Research Statement
Last updated on 16/11/2022: Research Statement
Publications
| 06/2023 |
Fractals from Regular Behaviours
with
Victoria Noquez and Lawrence Moss
[Won Best Paper at CALCO 2023!]
(Hover for abstract)
We are interested in connections between the theory of fractal sets obtained as attractors of iterated function systems and process calculi. To this end, we reinterpret Milner's expressions for processes as contraction operators on a complete metric space. When the space is, for example, the plane, the denotations of fixed point terms correspond to familiar fractal sets.  We further make connections to labelled Markov chains and to invariant measures. In all of this work, we use important results from process calculi. For example, we use Rabinovich's completeness theorem for trace equivalence in our own completeness theorem. In addition to our results, we also raise many questions related to both fractals and process calculi. |
| 05/2023 |
Probabilistic Guarded KAT Modulo Bisimilarity: Completeness and Complexity
with
Wojciech Rozowski, Tobias Kappé, Dexter Kozen, and
Alexandra Silva
[At ICALP 2023]
(Hover for abstract)
We introduce Probabilistic Guarded Kleene Algebra with Tests (ProbGKAT), an extension of GKAT that allows reasoning about uninterpreted imperative programs with probabilistic branching. We give its operational semantics in terms of special class of probabilistic automata.  Finally, we show that bisimilarity of ProbGKAT expressions can be decided in O(n^3log(n)) time via a generic partition refinement algorithm. |
| 04/2023 |
A Complete Inference System for Skip-free Guarded Kleene Algebra with Tests
with
Tobias Kappé and
Alexandra Silva
[At ESOP 2023]
(Hover for abstract)
Guarded Kleene Algebra with Tests (GKAT) is a fragment of Kleene Algebra with Tests (KAT) that was recently introduced to reason efficiently about imperative programs. In contrast to KAT, GKAT does not have an algebraic axiomatization, but relies on an analogue of Salomaa's axiomatization of Kleene Algebra. In this paper, we present an algebraic axiomatization and prove two completeness results for a large fragment of GKAT in the form of skip-free programs. |
| 07/2022 |
Processes Parametrised by an Algebraic Theory
with
Wojciech Rozowski, Alexandra Silva, and Jurriaan Rot
[At ICALP 2022]
(Hover for abstract)
This paper introduces a family of processa algebras in one parameter: the algebraic theory that presents the branching structure of the processes algebraized. We also cut out nonstandard analogues of regular expressions from a large chunk of these process algebras. |
| 07/2021 |
How to write a coequation
with
Fred Dahlqvist
[At CALCO 2021]
(Hover for abstract)
This fits into CALCO's new "pearls" submission category. It is part historical survey, part tutorial, and part reference resource. Basically, coequations are very useful, despite their perceived austerity, and we just wanted to make them a little more accessible to the community. |
| 07/2021 |
On Star Expressions and Coalgebraic Completeness Theorems
with
Jurriaan Rot and
Alexandra Silva
[At MFPS 2021]
(Hover for abstract)
This paper is a universal coalgebraic take on the recent significant step made by Clemens Grabmayer and Wan Fokkink towards solving a famous problem posed by Robin Milner. It also contains general accounts of two different approaches to proving coalgebraic completeness theorems found in the literature. |
| 02/2021 |
Guarded Kleene Algebra with Tests: Coequations, Coinduction, and Completeness
with
Tobias Kappé,
Dexter Kozen, and
Alexandra Silva
[At ICALP 2021]
(Hover for abstract)
This was a follow-up to the original paper on GKAT, giving a final coalgebra semantics to both the original axiomatisation as well as an axiomatisation for GKAT without the early termination axiom. |
| 12/2019 |
Concrete Barriers to Quantifier Elimination in Finite-Dimensional C*-algebras
with
Christopher Eagle
[Published in Mathematical Logic Quarterly]
(Hover for abstract)
This was the culmination of what was essentially an undergraduate thesis, funded by a Jamie Cassels Undergraduate Research Award. The primary result is that minimal projectivity and unitary conjugation are definable in the language of C*-algebras, but are inexpressible without quantifiers. Furthermore, adding them to the language is sufficient for quantifier eliination in finite-dimensional C*-algberas (and in fact, only minimal projectivity is needed for the matrix algebras). |
Preprints
| 08/2022 |
Presenting with Quantitative Inequational Theories
[Presented at BLAST 2022]
(Hover for abstract)
It came to the attention of myself and the coauthors of (S., Rozowski, Silva, Rot, 2022) that a number of process calculi can be obtained by algebraically presenting the branching structure of the transition systems they specify. Labelled transition systems, for example, branch into sets of transitions, terms in the free semilattice generated by the transitions. Interpreting equational theories in the category of sets has undesirable limitations, and we would like to have more examples of presentations in other categories. In this brief article, I discuss monad presentations in the category of partially ordered sets and monotone maps. I focus on quantitative monads, namely free modules over ordered semirings, and give sufficient conditions for one of these to lift a monad on the category of sets. |
| 07/2022 |
A (Co)algebraic Framework for Ordered Processes
(Hover for abstract)
A recently published paper (Schmid, Rozowski, Silva, and Rot, 2022) offers a (co)algebraic framework for studying processes with algebraic branching structures and recursion operators. The framework captures Milner's algebra of regular behaviours (Milner, 1984) but fails to give an honest account of a closely related calculus of probabilistic processes (Stark and Smolka, 1999). We capture Stark and Smolka's calculus by giving an alternative framework, aimed at studying a family of ordered process calculi with inequationally specified branching structures and recursion operators. We observe that a recent probabilistic extension of guarded Kleene algebra with tests (Rozowski, Kozen, Kappe, Schmid, Silva, 2022) is a fragment of one of our calculi, along with other examples. We also compare the intrinsic order in our process calculi with the notion of similarity in coalgebra. |
Talks and Posters
| 04/2023 |
Talk: A Complete Inference System for Skip-free Guarded Kleene Algebra with Tests ESOP 2023 in Paris, France |
| 11/2022 |
Talk: A Complete Inference System for Skip-free Guarded Kleene Algebra with Tests Cornell PLDG Seminar in Ithaca, New York, USA |
| 11/2022 |
Talk: A Complete Inference System for Skip-free Guarded Kleene Algebra with Tests Boston University POPV Seminar in Boston, Massachusetts, USA |
| 11/2022 |
Talk: Recipes for Process Calculi Indiana University Logic and Language Seminar in Bloomington, Indiana, USA |
| 08/2022 |
Talk: Presenting with Quantitative Inequational Theories BLAST 2022 in Orange, California, USA |
| 07/2022 |
Talk: Processes Parametrised by an Algebraic Theory International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming 2022 in Paris, France |
| 09/2021 |
Talk: On Star Expressions and Completeness Theorems Mathematical Foundations of Programming Semantics 2021 online |
| 07/2021 |
Talk: Guarded Kleene Algebra with Tests: Coequations, Coinduction, and Completeness International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming 2021 online |
| 04/2021 |
Talk: Coequations for Guarded Kleene Algebra with Tests PPLV Seminar online |
| 03/2020 |
Poster: Coalgebras, Covarieties, Coequations Topics in Category Theory: A Spring School in Edinburgh, UK |
Notes
| 06/2020 |
Graph Representations for Bunched Implications
(Hover for abstract)
These are notes on some preliminary work I did early in my PhD. I was aiming at a combinatorial proof system for the logic of Bunched Implications, following earlier work of Dominic Hughes, Lutz Strassburger, and Willem Heijltjes (see here). |
| 08/2019 |
Toposes, Sets, and Cohen Forcing
(Hover for abstract)
This is a writeup of my masters' project, supervised by Stevo Todorcevic at the University of Toronto. It essentially follows the approach to proving the independence of the continuum hypothesis taken in the classic textbook Sheaves in Geometry and Logic by Saunders MacLane and Leke Moerdijk, but as simple as I could manage and with a number of peripheral comments. |


WITNESS LIST
Water Desalination
June 23, 2014 10:00 AM
Water Desalination
ON:
Alyasin, Sohal Vice President of Development (Poseidon Water), Houston, TX
Barger, Robert Plant Manager Dupont (Dupont), Ingleside, TX
Broad, Tyson Research Associate (Sierra Club - Lone Star Chapter), Austin, TX
Brookins, Linda TCEQ's Water Supply Division Director (TCEQ), Austin, TX
Bruun, Bech Board Member (Texas Water Development Board), Austin, TX
Burns, Gary County Commissioner (Victoria County), Victoria, TX
Chowles, Paul Supervisor of Water Standard (Water Standard), TX
Dodson, James Project Manager (Naismith Engineering, Inc), Victoria, TX
Dwyer, James Sr. Engineer (CHZM Hill), Austin, TX
Edwards, Foster President and CEO (Corpus Christi Chamber of Commerce), Corpus
Christi, TX
Espiaga, Guillermo Head of Development (Poseidon Water), Houston, TX
Fowler, Dale President (Victoria Economic Development Corporation), Victoria, TX
Fox, Larry Director Evergreen VWCD (Self), Pleasanton, TX
Frazier, Kyle Executive Director of Texas Desalination Association (Texas Desalination
Association), Austin, TX
Gonzalez, Gustavo Assistant City Manager (City of Corpus Christi), Corpus Christi, TX
Gray, Jim City Manager (City of Ingleside), Ingleside, TX
Halepaska, Tom City Councilman (City of Victoria), Victoria, TX
Hulse, Stan Executive Director (Padre Island Business Association), Corpus Christi, TX
Jackson, Kathleen Board Member (Texas Water Development Board), Austin, TX
James, Jerry Director of Intergovernmental Relations (City of Victoria), Victoria, TX
Jones, Sarah General Manager (GAIA Cleanwater), Dallas, TX
Kalaswad, Santeev Director (Texas Water Development Board), Austin, TX
Karalyos, Laszlo Chairman and President (GAIA Cleanwater, LLC), Dallas, TX
Lee, Thomas CEO (GAIA Cleanwater, LLC), Dallas, TX
Littlefield, Bar CFO (Poseidon Water), Houston, TX
Lyons, Dr. Steven W, Meteorologist in Charge, National Weather Service (NWS/NOAA),
San Angelo, TX
Mace, Robert Deputy Executive Administrator (Texas Water Development Board), Austin,
TX
Maguire, Charles Director Radioactive Materials Division TCEQ (TCEQ), Austin, TX
Martinez, Nelda Mayor (City of Corpus Christi), Corpus Christi, TX
McIntyre, Colleen Corpus Christi City Council District 4 (City of Corpus Christi), Corpus
Christi, TX
McKinney, Larry Director of Harte Research Institue TAMUCC (HRI), Corpus Christi, TX
McMullin, Keith Mayor Port Aransas (Self), Port Aransas, TX
McQueen, Neil Consultant (Self), Corpus Christi, TX
Meyer, Andre Americas Supply Chain Manager (M&G Polymers USA), Houston, TX
Mills, Burt County Judge (Aransas Co.), Rockport, TX
Moon, Carolyn (Clean Economy Coalition), Corpus Christi, TX
WITNESS LIST
Water Desalination
June 23, 2014 10:00 AM
Nardini, Fred Commissioner (San Patricio County), Portland, TX
Neal, Loyd County Judge (Nueces County), Corpus Christi, TX
Neblett, Georgia (Self; Public), Port Aransas, TX
Perkins, Peter Mayor (City of Ingleside), Ingleside, TX
Pusley, Mike County Commissioner Nueces County (Nueces County), Corpus Christi, TX
Riojan, Lillian City Council Member At Large (City of Corpus Christi), Corpus Christi, TX
Robbins, Dean Assistant General Manager (Texas Water Conservation Austin), Austin, TX
Rubinstein, Carlos Chairman (Texas Water Development Board), Austin, TX
Schuster, Stefan Texas Water Strategy Lead (MWH), Austin, TX
Scott, Mark City Councilman (Corpus Christi), Corpus Christi, TX
Simpson, Terry Co. Judge (San Patricio Co.), Sinton, TX
Skrobarczyk, James (Self; Builders Association of Corpus Christi and Self), Corpus
Christi, TX
Sledge, Brian Attorney, Sledge Fancher PLLC (TWCA Groundwater Committee), Austin,
TX
Smith, Greg Vice Chairman (Port Aransas Chamber), Port Aransas, TX
Steinbach, Stacey Executive Director (Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts), Austin,
TX
Troell, Jay Director of Evergreen Underground Water Conservation District (Self; Self
and Professional Engineer), Pleasanton, TX
Truell, Art Geologist (Self), TX
Ulrich, Bob Citizen (Atascosa), Pleasanton, TX
Washington, Thomas CFO and Vice President Government Affairs (GAIA Cleanwater,
LLC), Dallas, TX
Wells, Hope Water Resources Counsel (San Antonio Water System), San Antonio, TX
West, Bill General Manager (Guadalupe Blanco River Authority), Seguin, TX
Yalls Jr, Richard Pocca Commision (POCCA), Corpus Christi, TX
Zahn Jr, Charles W Commissioner (Port of Corpus Christi Authority), Port Aransas, TX


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Developer
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Lauren Day
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Anna Beck
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Harold Wagner
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Samuel Torres
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Primality test
A prime number test answers the question "Is the given number n a prime number?" with yes or no.
Such tests are often required by cryptographic methods that use prime numbers.
The RSA cryptosystem for example relies on the fact that the factorization of a number into its prime factors is a very difficult mathematical problem and may take a very, very long time for big numbers.
In practise, RSA initially needs two randomly generated prime numbers with at least 300 decimal digits,
and builds a public and a secret key from them.
Therefore, one has to make sure that the two numbers are indeed prime numbers.
This is done by generating big random numbers and then using the prime number test to see
if the random number happens to be a prime number. If not, the process is repeated until a prime number is found.
This component offers three different methods for testing the primality of a number:


How gilt.com/give came to be
When Sandy hit New York, many of us were directly impacted in some way. After the first week, power had been restored in our main office and in most of our homes. Our focus started to shift from covering basic needs to finding a way to help the New York region rebuild. Eventually we decided to build gilt.com/give - with a focus on driving donations to the affected region and foot traffic to businesses that really need help. The idea behind ‘give’ is simple: make a donation and get a voucher for up to 50% off at any participating business.
The initial brainstormings started on Saturday afternoon following the hurricane, and by Sunday night we had a strong group of Gilt employees across the company that wanted to be part of gilt.com/give. It was quite a big effort— we had to build the applications, find partners, vet local businesses, and spread the word. Last week, in 6 days, we built something we’re actually quite proud of; it was a week-long, company-wide hackathon— with most nights ending after 3 in the morning.
We wanted to share a bit of what we actually built: the tech stack behind gilt.com/give. One of the main architectural initiatives at Gilt is something we call LOSA - Lots of Small Applications. Generally, we prefer having many single purpose applications to a few monolithic application and believe this micro services approach has the right set of tradeoffs to help us scale the Gilt Tech org. One nice benefit of LOSA is that it was pretty clear how we would build gilt.com/give— just a set of new small applications!
Choosing a good name is tough and this was no exception. We had a pretty lively debate on what to call this app: is it a program? A charity? A benefit? Would we ever reuse any of the software we were about to build? Ultimately we settled on ‘effort’ as the internal name for the software applications - an effort can be a ‘relief effort’ which mapped nicely to what we were doing, but was general enough that we might be able to apply this to different problems.
So what did we build?
- web-effort: a Scala/play web application rendering the templates, css, and javascript, built on top of Gilt services and our internal UI build tools for managing and deploying assets
- svc-effort: a server providing a restful interface to key resources
- an order processing library (turning a donation into a Gilt order so it can actually be processed)
- PostgreSQL database: a new database instance and schema
Internally, when you donate, we map the charity you selected to an offer on Gilt City - which is how we can accurately track every dollar and generate a nice voucher for each donation.
Building the app was amazing. Most pieces were inside a single SBT multimodule build; once you’ve written code with SBT and ~compile
there is honestly no going back. All Scala— and for some folks on the team this was their first time learning Scala.
We use gerrit for code review, and one of the best features of a week long hackathon was really the process of development and code review. Basically, we all worked individually or in small teams on the different applications and features of effort. Each change was pushed to Gerrit. Every couple hours, we would pause then, as a group, review each individual change. This was maybe the best way for all of us to share with each other how the system worked. I personally learned an incredible amount about Scala, functional programming, and HTML5. By the end, I had even contributed a small CSS change with the help of the team!
Once deployed to production, we ran a quick load test and were pleasantly surprised - this stack is fast and scales nicely.
Simple load test of play serving a simple page (single node w/ no external service calls) - almost 10k RPS on a single node!
ab -k -n 10000 -c 50 'http://web1:9510/give/faq' # external url: http://www.gilt.com/give/faq Requests per second: 8387.52 [#/sec] (mean) Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 4 66% 4 75% 5 80% 6 90% 9 95% 12 98% 18 99% 25 100% 183 (longest request)
2. Load test of the a key endpoint in the service (single node) - lookup up a business by guid, including the round trip to PostgreSQL - single node, 3k RPS
ab -k -n 10000 -c 50 'http://svc6:9500/effort/1.0/businesses/dc0f2d11-1742-4244-978b-f2856f408315' Requests per second: 3036.97 [#/sec] (mean) Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 10 66% 16 75% 21 80% 25 90% 36 95% 47 98% 59 99% 68 100% 138 (longest request)
3. And a full request - load balancer, to web cluster, to service cluster, to PostgreSQL and back:
ab -k -n 10000 -c 50 'http://www.gilt.com/give/businesses' Requests per second: 2007.42 [#/sec] (mean) Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 22 66% 24 75% 26 80% 27 90% 31 95% 35 98% 44 99% 65 100% 388 (longest request)
In all, was honestly a whirlwind week— but a lot of fun and really proud of the great software produced, how well the pieces came together, and how it all just worked in production. We hope gilt.com/give plays a small part in helping the region rebuild after Sandy.


No winning ticket for $11-million Lotto 649 jackpot
by The Canadian Press, StaffTORONTO -- No winning ticket was sold for the $11-million jackpot in Saturday night's Lotto 649 draw.
However, the guaranteed $1-million prize went to a lottery player in British Columbia.
The jackpot for the next Lotto 649 draw on Nov. 27 will be approximately $14 million.


https://survivorstats.com
https://github.com/zaklaughton/survivor-stats
• A responsive visual aid designed to give a snapshot of Survivor players' current and former statuses throughout a season of Survivor.
• Uses a React front-end web application to call an API running on Node.js/Express. The API retrieves and organizes data from a PostgreSQL database.
https://map.zaklaughton.dev/
https://github.com/zaklaughton/map-project
• Progressive web app pulling in data from Google Maps and Trello APIs to show information about the popular restaurants in Hutto, Texas.
• Features a service worker, responsive design, and accessible elements.
https://myreads.zaklaughton.dev/
https://github.com/zaklaughton/myreads
• Responsive web application that allows users to select and categorize books into a virtual bookshelf.
• Leveraged React to support a dynamic user interface that interacts with an API server and client library.


ANNUAL SPORTS ACTIVITIES
2018-19
Following activities are conducted by the sports department
- Intercollegiate Football Tournament --Winner
- Inter collegiate Basketball Tournament --Winner
- Basketball (Men/Women) University Team Selection Trial
- Participated in various games:-
Handball
Cricket
Athletics
Volleyball
--Runner-up
Table Tennis
--Runner-up(Women)
Winner(Men)
Badminton
--Runner-up(Women)
Lawn Tennis
- House-wise Cricket Tournament
- Annual Sports Meet
- 26 students represented the East Zone Inter-university Turnament
- 28 students represented the State Level IntercollegiateTurnament
- 2 Students Silver Medalist in East Zone Inter-University Badminton Tournament


Schedule allows instructors or site organizers to post items in a calendar format. The calendar has day, week, month, year, and flat list views. More...


Irish Life Assurance plc is regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland.
In the interest of customer service we may record and monitor calls. Irish Life Assurance plc. Registered in Ireland number 152576, Vat number 9F55923G.
Registered office is situated at Irish Life Centre, Lower Abbey Street, Dublin 1.
The pages of this site are issued in the Republic of Ireland and are for the information of Republic
of Ireland residents in relation to Republic of Ireland products only. Access to this Web site and use
of the information on it is subject to the Terms and Conditions of the Site.
By proceeding further you will be deemed to have understood and agreed to be bound by
these terms and conditions. If this is not acceptable to you, you should exit this site now. Irish Life Assurance plc is
regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland.


KSh 15,500
This Lenovo X131e is ideal for SMBs. It offers multimedia tools, easy-to-use security, and aluminum casing for added protection. From the bead-blast aluminum display enclosure to the wear-resistant tungsten-colored finish, this mainstream business and easily carry this notebook to meetings down the hall and around the world. Order for this Lenovo X131e online from Techcomp-Electronic Kenya and have it delivered to you.
| Description | Specification |
|---|---|
| SKU | LE842EL0JNPYFNAFAMZ |
| Weight | 2.1 kgs |
| Display size | (in) 13.0 |
| RAM | (GB) 4 |
| Memory size | (GB) 320 |
| Processor | Intel Core i5 |
| Operating System | Windows | Product Warranty | 6 Months |
| Screen Technology | LED |


Produce JSON with randomized values to Kafka. Consume JSON with Spark. Stream Results
Start Results
This app is on github, by markcwilson. Apache 2.0 License


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Posts, tutorials, tips & snippets about web design and social media.


If you like this theme and like to show your appreciation then please leave a star in the GitHub repository or buy me a coffee - Thank you!
If you like this theme and like to show your appreciation then please leave a star in the GitHub repository or buy me a coffee - Thank you!


Blog
Taking up collections
Introducing arrays and hashes in Ruby
Oct. 3, 2015
In the Ruby programming language, two main data types carry the bulk of the load when it comes to handling collections: arrays and hashes. Understanding how arrays and hashes are alike, and how they are different, is critical to programming successfully in Ruby.
Arrays are for lists
An array is a list of values arranged in a sequential order. The easiest way to create an array is to declare a variable, and set it equal to the contents of the list we intend to save. It is common convention to give arrays variable names that are plural, to suggest that the variable represents a collection of items. Here, we make an array of our favorite pies:
- pies = [ "pumpkin", "apple", "pecan" ]
There are other ways to create an array, such as by calling Array.new
or by using the Array()
method, but those techniques are beyond the scope of this post.
Since arrays store values in a specific sequence, each value identified by an integer index number which names it's place in the sequence. In typical computer-science fashion, array indexes begin counting at 0, so the first item in the array has the index 0, the second item has the index 1, and so on. To access a value in an array, we use the name of the array, followed by the value's index in square brackets. Here, we want the second item in our pies
array, so we use the index [1]
.
- $ pies[1]
- => "apple"
Calling puts
with an array as its argument will print each member of the array on a separate line, like this:
- $ puts pies
- pumpkin
- apple
- pecan
- => nil
(Recall that puts always returns the value nil
.)
We can add another item to our array using the push
method, which can be used with our without parentheses. The item to be added to the end of the array is included as the argument to the push
method, but parentheses around that argument are optional. Continuing with our pies
array:
- $ pies.push( "cherry" )
- => ["pumpkin", "apple", "pecan", "cherry"]
- $ pies.push "mud"
- => ["pumpkin", "apple", "pecan", "cherry", "mud"]
You can also add items to an array with the "shovel" operator, <<
. The shovel operator can be chained to add several items on a single line, as well. We'll start a new array of integers for this example.
- $ numbers = [1, 2, 3]
- => [1, 2, 3],
- $ numbers << 4
- => [1, 2, 3, 4]
- $ numbers << 5 << 6 << 7
- => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
To remove the last item from an array, you use the opposite of push
, which is pop
. This method permanently removes the last item, and returns its value.
- $ new_numbers = [10, 20, 30]
- => [10, 20, 30]
- $ numbers.pop
- => 30
- $ numbers
- => [10, 20] # array contents after pop
If you want to remove the first item in the array instead, you can use shift
, which so named because it removes the first item from the array, and shifts the remaining items down one index. The opposite of shift
is unshift
, which takes a value as an argument (again, parentheses optional), and inserts that value into the first position of the array, while "unshifting" the remaining elements up one index. shift
returns the item removed from the array, while unshift
returns the entire array, including the newly-added item in the first position.
- $ other_numbers = [25, 50, 75]
- $ numbers.shift
- => 25
- $ numbers
- => [50, 75] # array contents after shift
- $ numbers.unshift(45)
- => [45, 50, 75] # array contents after unshift
There are literally dozens of other methods that can be used to manipulate arrays, adding items to them, taking items away, sorting them, re-ordering them, finding specific values or ranges within them, etc. You can find a complete listing of array methods in the official Ruby documentation, and a tutorial covering Ruby arrays at sitepoint.com.
You may have noticed that in all my example arrays so far, every item in each array has been of the same data type. Our pies
array consisted entirely of strings, while numbers
was all integers. In fact, there is no restriction in Ruby that arrays be of the same data type. You can mix and match as many data types in a single array as you please. The following is a perfectly legal array in Ruby:
- $ peyton_manning = [18, "QB", 65.4, ["Colts", "Broncos"]]
- => [18, "QB", 65.4, ["Colts", "Broncos"]]
This array contains an integer, a string, a float, and even another array, and it's all perfectly legal. But just because you can do something, doesn't mean you necessarily should do it. The items in this array all describe NFL quarterback Peyton Manning, but in order for them to be useful, we have to memorize which index in the array points to which piece of information. For example, to find out what Manning's pass-completion percentage is, we have to know to ask for peyton_manning[2]. You'd think there'd be a better way to store collections of related data of differing types, and there is. Ruby calls it a hash.
Making a hash of things
Like arrays, a Ruby hash is a data type storing a collection of items, and like arrays, hashes can contain data of any and all types, in any combination. The difference between an array and a hash is in how you access that data.
Remember that an array is an ordered set of values, and you access the values you want using a numeric index. In recent versions of Ruby, a hash also happens to be an ordered set of values (in early Ruby versions, hashes weren't ordered), but you don't access their values using indexes. Instead, data in a hash is stored as key-value pairs. That is, for every value in the hash, there is a key that lets you access it. For example, if I created a hash to keep track of my pets, I might store within it the key :dog
, accessing the value "Moose"
. Hashes are commonly created in a manner very similar to how we set up arrays, using a structure called a "hash literal". A hash literal creating my full pets
hash might look something like this:
- jeffs_pets = {
- :dog => "Moose",
- :turtle => "Max",
- :fish => ["Larry", "Curly", "Moesha"]
- }
For readability, I typed each key-value pair in the hash on its own line, but I could have legally crammed them all onto a single line. Note that while we used square brackets to contain our array, hashes are held in curly brackets. For each key-value pair in the hash, the key is listed first, followed by the "hash rocket" operator consisting of an equals sign and a greater-than sign, and then the value. Values can be of any type; in this hash, the first two values are strings, but the third value is an array, which is how we assign more than one value to a single key.
Technically, keys can be any value type as well, but hashes are usually constructed using symbols as keys. (Symbols are a special type of object, similar to strings, but with some special properties we don't need to delve into here.) Symbols can be recognized because they are always begin with a colon, as in :turtle
. The syntax to access the values within a hash is similar to that used to get to the values within an array, but in place of the array's numeric indexes, we use the hash's keys inside the square brackets. Lets check out the names of my pets:
- jeffs_pets[:dog]
- => "Moose"
- jeffs_pets[:fish]
- =>["Larry", "Curly", "Moesha"]
- jeffs_pets[:cat]
- => nil
So, entering jeffs_pets[:dog]
returned my dog's name, Moose, and jeffs_pets[:fish]
returnd the full array containing the names of all my fish. When we asked for my cat's name, with jeffs_pets[:cat]
, Ruby shrugged and said "nil," which is perfect, since nil, zilch, nada, bupkis, is exactly how many cats I own. In fact, when you ask for the value of a key that is not included in the hash, Ruby will return nil every time. Incidentally, if we want to get to the name of my second fish, we'd just line up two square-bracketed indexes behind the hash name—first the hash key, then the numeric index within the array, like this:
- jeffs_pets[:fish][1]
- => "Curly"
Although Ruby does remember the order of the key-value pairs in a hash, programmers for the most part don't care. Because of this, we don't need a bunch of different methods for accessing, inserting, or removing items in the hash according to their position in the sequence. Adding a new key value pair is a lot like declaring and setting the value of a variable—you name it, then set it equal to the value.
- jeffs_pets[:chicken] = "Colonel"
- => "Little"
- jeffs_pets
- => {:dog=>"Moose", :turtle=>"Max", :fish=>["Larry", "Curly", "Moesha"], :chicken=>"Colonel"}
To remove a key-value pair from a hash, you use the delete
method, with the name of the key as the argument. This will return the value of the deleted key. Poor Max...
- jeffs_pets.delete(:turtle)
- => "Max"
- jeffs_pets
- => {:dog=>"Moose", :fish=>["Larry", "Curly", "Moesha"], :chicken=>"Colonel"}
As is the case for arrays, Ruby offers dozens of methods for manipulating hashes. You can read about hash methods in the Ruby docs, or get a more newb-friendly tutorial on hashes at sitepoint.com.
Iteration nation
One of the main reasons we use collections like arrays and hashes to store related data is so that we can work with the entire collection...collectively. We often want to search through a collection for specific bits of information, or perform the same action on every single item of the set. Because we've organized our collections into arrays and hashes, ruby lets us accomplish these things easily, using looping and iteration.
When we loop through an array, or iterate over an array or a hash, we are systematically applying the same bit of code to each item in the collection, exactly one time each. Because arrays are accessed by numeric indexes, we have more flexibility in how we iterate over them than we do with hashes. For starters, we can use simple loops, limited by counters based on the array.size
, to do something to every item in an array. (Did you notice I slipped a new method, size
, in there? It returns an integer value equal to the number of items in the array.) Here, we'll use an until
loop to print out all the members of a new array, beatles
:
- $ beatles = [ "John", "Paul", "George", "Ringo" ]
- $ counter = 0
- $ until counter == beatles.size
- $ puts beatles[counter]
- $ end
- John
- Paul
- George
- Ringo
- => nil
In this example, our counter started at zero, and went up by 1 with each iteration of the loop. By the time the program had printed "Ringo," the counter had counted up to four. Since the counter was no longer less than the size of the array, the "until" condition was fulfilled, and the loop terminated, having printed the name of each member of the Beatles to the terminal.
Because we don't use numeric indexes to access the values in hashes, we can't use counters to loop through them with simple tools like while
and until
. Fortunately, we have the each
method, an iterator that does much the same thing, and doesn't care that it doesn't have indexes to work with. Let's store a bit more information about the Beatles in a hash, then use each
to print it back out.
- beatles = {
- :lead_vocals => "John",
- :bass => "Paul",
- :lead_guitar => "George",
- :drums => "Ringo"
- }
- beatles.each { |key, value|
- puts value + " played " + key.to_s + "."
- }
- John played lead_vocals.
- Paul played bass.
- George played lead_guitar.
- Ringo played drums.
- => {:lead_vocals=>"John", :bass=>"Paul", :lead_guitar=>"George", :drums=>"Ringo"}
Sure, the sentences are clunky, but you get the idea. Conveniently, arrays have an each
method as well. Though what's going on under the hood for the array version of each
is a bit different than it is for hash version, the syntax is just about the same. Since Ruby lets us put our each
block on a single line if it's simple enough, we'll try that here:
- beatles = [ "John", "Paul", "George", "Ringo" ]
- beatles.each { |item| puts item }
- John
- Paul
- George
- Ringo
- => ["John", "Paul", "George", "Ringo"]
If you want to learn more about Ruby loops and iterators, read Alan Skorkin's short-but-sweet introduction to the topic, A Wealth of Ruby Loops and Interators.
The right tool for the job
You've got two different kinds of collections in Ruby&mspace;arrays and hashes&mspace;each with its own strengths. So how do you choose which one to use in any given situation? You have to think about what kind of data you're planning to store, and what you plan to do with it.
If you've got a list made up of lots of examples of the same kind of thing, such as moves on a chessboard, flavors of ice cream, or your weight recorded every morning for a month, you'll probably want an array. Storing this sort of data in an array makes it easy to put in alphanumeric order, perform statistical calculations on (such as finding the min, max, median, average, etc.), eliminate duplications, and add more values to. If the order of the items in your collection matters, and especially if you anticipate reorganizing that order, then an array is definitely your best bet.
On the other hand, if your data includes many different kinds of information about a single topic, you probably want a hash. A hash is well-suited to storing customer data collected from a form, for example, which might include strings (first and last name, address), customer number and order number (integers), and products ordered (array). Storing this information in a hash will allow you to attach a label, in the form of a hash key, to each piece of information, such as :first_name
, :last_name
, :street_address
, etc. You can then use the hash keys to retrieve the exact value you need, such as the customer's zip code, instead of having to iterate through the collection searching for it, as you would have to do if your customer information were stored in an array.
Arrays and hashes become even more powerful, however, when you remember that they can both hold arrays and hashes as values, along with other types of objects. For example, you might store the information about each customer
in a hash, and then store all of those hashes in an array of customers
! Working together in this way, there's almost no collection of data collection that you can't store with Ruby's arrays and hashes.


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species
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name
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--- layout: post title: Nomad Games date: '2018-06-06T11:41:58+02:00' categories: - Storyboards - Horses picture_url: https://film-Storyboards.tumblr.com/post/174633550806/nomad-games-Storyboards ---


Panel assessors
- Innovation sector
- Health and life sciences
- Innovation area
- Agriculture and food
Click on the edit button to access individual assessor conflict of interest information
5 Applications
| Assessor name | Type | Innovation area | Contract and DOI | Status | Add |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| John Barnes | Industry | Electronics, sensors & photonics, Materials | No | Invite accepted | COI CTA |
| Oliver Romero | Academic | Healthcare, Regenerative medicine, Stratified medicine | No | Invite accepted | COI CTA |
| Jeffrey Carlson | Academic | Healthcare, Analytical science | Yes | Invite accepted | COI CTA |
| Bill Limp | Industry | Architectures and operating systems | Yes | Invite accepted | COI CTA |
| Dave Smith | Industry | Electronics, sensors & photonics, Materials | Yes | Invite accepted | COI CTA |


| PostgreSQL 9.0.10 Documentation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prev | Up | Chapter 35. Extending SQL | Next |
Internal functions are functions written in C that have been statically linked into the PostgreSQL server. The "body" of the function definition specifies the C-language name of the function, which need not be the same as the name being declared for SQL use. (For reasons of backwards compatibility, an empty body is accepted as meaning that the C-language function name is the same as the SQL name.)
Normally, all internal functions present in the
server are declared during the initialization of the database cluster
(see Section 17.2),
but a user could use CREATE FUNCTION
to create additional alias names for an internal function.
Internal functions are declared in CREATE FUNCTION
with language name internal. For instance, to
create an alias for the sqrt
function:
CREATE FUNCTION square_root(double precision) RETURNS double precision AS 'dsqrt' LANGUAGE internal STRICT;
(Most internal functions expect to be declared "strict".)
Note: Not all "predefined" functions are "internal" in the above sense. Some predefined functions are written in SQL.


To delete an assignment, right-click on the assignment title and a dropdown menu will appear, shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1: Dropdown appears under title of assignment
The options 'Modify Assignment' and 'Delete Assignment Appear'. The user will click on the 'Delete Assignment' so that a dialog appears, shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2: Delete Assignment Dialog
The user will be asked to confirm that they would like to delete the assignment and all submitted scores, shown in Figure 2. As an example, 'Project 1' has been chosen to be deleted.
Figure 3: Updated Instructor View After Delete
Figure 2 shows the updated instructor view after deleting 'Project 1'.


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Oscars Form
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The Behavioural Economics Laboratory is located in room 3.06 on the third floor of the School of Psychology building at the University of Western Australia. The laboratory is accessible by stairs or by lift.
If you require directions to the school you can access a map of the university campus from here.
School of Psychology (M304)
The University of Western Australia
35 Stirling Highway
Crawley 6009 WA
Tel: (+61 8) 6488 3267
Fax: (+61 8) 6488 1006
Behavioural Economics Laboratory


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block content %}
You approach the house, led by the McMillans. They have told you on the way the cottage was home to Mrs McMillan's great-grandparents (the Thomases) close to a century ago. She presumes the riddle was left by her great-grandfather Mr Thomas, a journalist.
Apparently, he would have received an assignment requiring his presence in America, for which he left Europe and never returned. Mrs Thomas would have followed him not too long after.
While the McMillans wait outside with their enthusiastic dog, you step into the house through the front door, which is quite low. To your surprise, the house has electric lighting, so a flick of the hand is all that is needed to illuminate the room. The light is still a bit dim.
You take in the cottage's antique charm. Its roof's wooden beams are exposed and are higher than you would have thought. The tiny windows are south-facing and allow for some natural light to shine in. From your position by the entrance, you confirm there is only one big room in the house. To focus on each important feature of the house, you divide this room in three sections:
The entrance of the house - delimited by the kitchen area, where a dining table stands under a few small windows on the left, and a dining server sits at the right.
A sitting area - where, at the back of the room, bookshelves, two comfy chairs and a low table surround the kitchen stove.
A sleeping area - farthest from the door, where a bed is partially hidden behind a curtain and a chest of drawers.
You assume that the privy is adjacent to the house considering the room's small size.
The dining table is covered by a tablecloth with an odd pattern. There is a slight bump under the cloth.
There is a bundle of sewing patterns. You can see one of them is meant for a wedding dress. There is an handwritten note on it: 'must be red, not white'.
 Reasonably, the Thomases had set up their sleeping and rest areas to benefit from the heat of the stove. Everything within easy reach of the front door is related to the kitchen, and to the storage of goods and housewares. All items are arranged impeccably under a layer of dust. There is no waste of space in the room.


for learning, and playing around there is nothing better than having a separate VM that you can break. This can be either an instance in a cloud provider or a virtual machine @ localhost. On your working station you can use a docker container with an ubuntu image or https://multipass.run/. Multipass is a great way to instantiate Ubuntu VMs and runs on Linux, Mac and Windows. it's made by the Ubuntu team highly optimized.
In this Codelab we will learn how to spin a machine on Multipass and run easytravel and the Dynatrace OneAgent in there.
Recommended | ⦿ |
Optional | ○ |
Download multipass and install it depending on your OS https://multipass.run/
multipass -h
multipass launch --name <vm-name> --mem 4G --disk 10G --cpus 2
## e.g. for easytravel
multipass launch --name easytravel --mem 4G --disk 10G --cpus 2
multipass start <vm-name>
## e.g. for easytravel
multipass start easytravel
you can also shell into the vm with the ip but you need to set a password for the user ubuntu and enable password on the SSH service
multipass shell <vm-name>
## e.g. for easytravel
multipass shell easytravel
multipass stop <vm-name>
## e.g. for easytravel
multipass shell easytravel
multipass list
For the best experience we recommend that you enable Dynatrace monitoring.
By only providing your Dynatrace credentials the script will install the OneAgent OneAgent Operator
If you don't have a Dynatrace tenant yet, sign up for a free trial or a developer account.
We will install the Dynatrace OneAgent programatically, for this we need a PaaS token.
Log in to your Dynatrace tenant and go to Settings > Integration > Platform as a Service. Then, create a paas token and save it since we will use it for installing the oneagent later.
Download help script to install Easytravel, Nginx, Docker and other utils
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dynatrace-perfclinics/why-devs-love-dynatrace/main/easytravel/ubuntu-setup-easytravel.sh
## Set DT_TENANT_URL and API TOKEN
# ---- Define Dynatrace Environment ----
# Sample: https://{your-domain}/e/{your-environment-id} for managed or https://{your-environment-id}.live.dynatrace.com for SaaS
DT_TENANT_URL=
DT_PAAS_TOKEN=
chmod +x ubuntu-setup-easytravel.sh
sudo bash ubuntu-setup-easytravel.sh -i
The command needs sudo rights for installing also utils as docker so you can spin containers in an instant. The script will install easytravel, start it and it will also install the BankJob (a java app for learning how the basline of Davis works) and an NGINX reverse proxy that routes the traffic of all the EasyTravel apps to HTTP. Using a magic ip and subdomains all easytravel apps will be exposed.
Why run it in the background and where is the output of the program you say? Well, this script is actually optimized to be executed for non-interactive shells at the initialization of an instance. This is done programatically passing the script as user data while creating dynatrace environments and spininning multiple instances for each student. This is achieved with the Dynatrace Rest Tenant Automation programm. Yes, we love ❤ automation 🤖and the customization, creation and configuration of environments and instances is done programatically.
This is optional just for you to know where the output of Easytravel is being piped out. Each Easytravel component writes is logs. You can check them on the Admin console of Easytravel
To inspect how the installation is going, type
less +F /tmp/easytravel-install.log
This will open the installation log and read from the input stream. To exit just type CTRL + C
and then quit
.
A complete installation looks like this:
.
..
[EasyTravel-Installation|INFO] [2021-03-30 11:36:01] |>->-> Configuring EasyTravel Memory Settings, Angular Shop and Weblauncher. <-<-<|
***EasyTravel launched**
Tue Mar 30 11:36:01 UTC 2021
installation done
[EasyTravel-Installation|INFO] [2021-03-30 11:36:01] |======================================================================
[EasyTravel-Installation|INFO] [2021-03-30 11:36:01] |============ Installation complete :) ============
[EasyTravel-Installation|INFO] [2021-03-30 11:36:01] |______________________________________________________________________
[EasyTravel-Installation|INFO] [2021-03-30 11:36:01] |>->-> It took 3 minutes and 1 seconds <-<-<|
less +F /tmp/weblauncher.log
Docker is installed on the system. There are two running containers, one is a java app called "BankJob" another is nginx working as a reverse proxy for multiple endpoints of Easytravel
docker ps
docker stop reverseproxy bankjob
docker start reverseproxy bankjob
The load generation for EasyTravel is defined in the easyTravelConfig.properties
file which is setted up during the installation. The properties starting with config.baseLoad..
are the ones defining these values (changed at installation). Also you can manage set this values manually by accessing the http://easytravel/admin interface and moving the slider manually.
By default at installation the script will fill the DOMAIN variable with curl ifconfig.me
to get the public IP since easytravel classic has some 3rdparty content servers where you can analyze with the RUM capabilities of Dynatrace the impact of 3rd party resources.
Internal REST Services of EasyTravel as well as a the Configuration REST Service to activate/deactivate feature flags, problem patterns and deployments remotely.
ps -ef | grep -i easytravel | awk '{print "sudo kill -9 "$2}' | sh
If you happen to install easytravel as root, you might want to change recursively all the rights of the easytravel installation folder so all processes can run properly
sudo bash ubuntu-setup-easytravel.sh -s
chmod 755 -R /home/ubuntu/easytravel-2.0.0-x64/
chown ubuntu:ubuntu -R /home/ubuntu/easytravel-2.0.0-x64/
ps -aux | grep -i easytravel
sudo bash ubuntu-setup-easytravel.sh -k
For RUM to work properly (for the classic app e.g. Loadgenerator) you need to disable deep monitoring for the weblauncher process.
On the entity select edit...
Then disable monitoring for that process group instance...
https://confluence.dynatrace.com/community/display/DL/easyTravel


The device detection service recognizes and categorizes each user's web browser so that the appropriate class of web UI can be delivered. You can run this service on your own web server, or use an externally hosted one such as the reference service provided by Modo Labs.


{% extends "layout_task-list.html" %} {% block page_title %} Money Claims Prototype {% endblock %} {% block proposition_header %} {% set my_account="1" %} {% include "includes/propositional_navigation.html" %} {% endblock %} {% block content %} {% include "includes/phase_banner_beta.html" %} {{formData | safe}} Back Fees you'll pay You must pay the claim fee up front. However, we'll add it to the amount you're claiming back from the defendant. If you’re on a low income or get certain benefits you might be able to get help with fees. If you need help with fees you can't use this service to make a money claim. Claim fee £70 Hearing fee (if your claim goes to a hearing) £115 Other fees - for example, to update your claim once submitted varies by case How these fees are calculated The fee is based on the amount you're claiming, including any interest. Claim amount Claim fee Hearing fee £0.01 to £300 £25 £25 £300.01 to £500 £35 £55 £500.01 to £1,000 £60 £80 £1,000.01 to £1,500 £70 £115 £1,500.01 to £3,000 £105 £170 £3,000.01 to £5,000 £185 £335 £5,000.01 to £10,000 £410 £335 £10,000.01 to £25,000 4.5% of the claim £545 £25,000.01 to £100,000 4.5% of the claim £1090 {% if data.return_page and data.return_page.includes('check-and-send') or data.return_page and data.return_page.includes('check-your-answers')%} Cancel {% else %} {% endif %} {% endblock %}
You must pay the claim fee up front. However, we'll add it to the amount you're claiming back from the defendant.
If you’re on a low income or get certain benefits you might be able to get help with fees. If you need help with fees you can't use this service to make a money claim.
The fee is based on the amount you're claiming, including any interest.


to use the default settings, ensure you have run ./tests/prepare_test, started windshaft with `node readme_server.js`. Finally, click "Go"


{{ define "main" -}}
Sorry, we've misplaced that URL or it's pointing to something that doesn't exist. Da Capo


Arctic Vegetation Kingdom
The worlds most captivating and incredible plants grow up North. With no more the 4 to 5 months of good season to grow it is incredible that these are the beings that help keep the North very much alive, strong and beautiful.


 No images are sent to any servers — this runs completely on your device.
I haven't tested the power consumption of this page. It may be fine but I wouldn't recommend leaving this running too long on a battery-powered phone, tablet, laptop, etc.
Background on this page is discussed on this blog post.


This is project #2 in the Full Stack Web Developer nanodegree. Below are projects I've worked on. I'm really not a "front end" person and would gladly hire a Web Designer/Developer to do that!
K-9 OTC Website
Built for my local dog club using GoDaddy's website building software.
Acumos Documentation
Acumos is an Open Source project under the Linux Foundation's Deep Learning umbrella. Documentation is created in RST format, and Spinx is used to compile the RST into HTML.
Movie Trailer Website
This is the Movie Trailer website submitted as the first project in the Full Stack Web Developer nanodegree.
AI Programming with Python
Final project code for the AI Programming with Python nanodegree.


Ruby Classes
May 06, 2015.
Object Oriented programming(OOP) is a very important programming paradigm. This type of programming involves grouping things with similar behavior together into what is know as a "Class". There are several programming languages which have OOP capabilities. Some of them are Java, Python, C++, and Ruby. In this post I will talk a bit about OOP using Ruby Language.
OOP is very useful because it can be used to model a lot of real world scenarios. Say for instance, you are a school administrator and you wanted to keep track of different subjects being offered at your school. The knowlege of OOP can help you do this. We can do this by creating a "Class" and then defining all the behavior we want our subjects to have. Below is a sample Ruby definition of the Class.
In Ruby, you define a class by starting with the key word "Class" followed by the desired class name, then define all instances variables and methods, and end with the "end" keyword. In Ruby when you define a class, you can define a special method called "initialize". This method is used to set initial values for an object of the class. In order to create an object, we use a process known as "instantiation". For instance(no pun intended), we could do:
math1 = Subject.new("Mathematics", 3145)
This creates a new instance of the class "Subject", and "math1" is just a reference to the object. It also sets the name of the object to "Mathematics", and the subject_id to 3145. After this, math1 is now endowed with all the properties defined in the subject class. We can create as many objects of the Subject class as we want.
Now let's talk about the attr_methods. In the class definition, we see two lines that say "attr_reader..." and "attr_writer...". If you're familiar with OOP from another programming language, you would have heard about "getters" and "setters". These are instance methods used to obtain and change information respectively, of instance variables. attr_methods is a very convenient way that Ruby lets us create getters and setters. attr_reader is the getter, while attr_writer is the setter. In some other programming languages, you have to write getters and setters for each instance variable. But with Ruby's syntactic sugar, you write attr_reader just once, and list all the instance variables you want to create getters for, and Ruby does all the hard work internally. With these, we can access and change object information as needed.


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7 lose jobs after Popeyes brawl caught on camera
No arrests were made
by KASEY CHRONIS(WITI) - Seven Popeyes employees were fired after a brawl at a Milwaukee restaurant was caught on camera.
Richard Fourte went inside the Popeyes Wednesday night to avoid the drive-thru lane. He noticed a lot of employees working there before things became heated.
Fourte heard someone yell, "It's a fight!" before they ran back to the grills. Then, he said, "two guys start fighting again." He started recording with his cellphone as a violent fight broke out, with chairs flying and several employees throwing punches.
"It was just out of control," Fourte said. "That was the first thing that went through my head, like this is out of control."
He can be heard on the video telling them to break it up soon. After the situation cooled off, Fourte left the restaurant empty-handed.
"Honestly, I wasn't even going to get the chicken sandwich, you know," Fourte said.
Popeyes franchise owner John Broderson released the following statement to Fox6:
"This was an unfortunate, isolated incident which we take very seriously. The dining room was closed immediately after the altercation at 9:30pm. As a result of this, 7 employees were terminated from the Company, including the manager on duty."
Milwaukee police responded to the scene, but no arrests were made. It is still unclear what sparked the fight.


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TITANIC A film review by Mark R. Leeper
Capsule: "Titanic" is indeed the word for the huge film TITANIC. While it has been filmed several times, this will be the version people will remember first for years to come. Still, a melodramatic love triangle with a villainous jilted fiance firing off guns on the sinking ship is just not what the story of the ill-fated ship needed. The film could have had more historic detail, less fiction, and could have been even more enjoyable. But Titanic's warning that no technology is totally safe from failure is more timely today than it was in 1912 at the time of the sinking. Rating: 6 (0 to 10), high +1 (-4 to +4)
There are really two approaches to making a film about the sinking of the Titanic, and both were tried in the 1950s. The 1953 film TITANIC had passenger Clifton Webb reacting to discovering that his son was illegitimate. Impending death as the ship sinks changes his attitude for the better. On the other hand, the 1958 film A NIGHT TO REMEMBER is a dramatization of passengers' accounts of the sinking of the great ship. They had some false ideas about the sinking, but for the most part they were trying to accurately portray events that happened that night. The 1953 TITANIC is a pleasant old film and fun to watch; A NIGHT TO REMEMBER is a cinema classic. As one might imagine, there were a large number of very dramatic stories going on at the same time when the Titanic sank. It just is not necessary to invent a fictional story to take place at the same time, and it is an irritating distraction from what most of the audience considers the real story they paid to see. The 1997 TITANIC, written and directed by James Cameron, is about a very one-sided love triangle set on the Titanic. At 194 minutes, the film also has time for some detail about the sinking including some that has never been filmed before. But overall it has less historic detail than the much shorter and lower- budgeted A NIGHT TO REMEMBER. That is in part because James Cameron takes almost two hours of screen time to get the Titanic to the iceberg and even after it does hit, he still cannot bring himself to believe that the audience is more interested in the sinking ship than in his banal love story.
Visually, the 1997 TITANIC is by far the best version, but for historical detail, I think the real enthusiasts about the sinking will probably prefer the 1958 telling. Cameron seems to accept this by borrowing many scenes almost intact. Some of these may be from historic accounts, but the similarities go beyond the content of the borrowed scenes. The incidents are simply re-filmed using the same style.
The film begins with some intrepid young explorers, led by Brock Lovett (played by Bill Paxton dragging along memories of his too similar role in TWISTER), exploring the recently found sunken hull of the RMS Titanic and in particular looking for a (fictional) diamond that supposedly went down with the great ship. They do not find the diamond itself, but they do find a drawing of a nude woman wearing the diamond. When the drawing is shown on television, a woman calls the team to say that not only can she identify the picture, she is the woman. (Hey, would you believe the elderly woman is Gloria Stuart, who played opposite Melvyn Douglas and Boris Karloff in OLD DARK HOUSE and opposite Claude Rains in THE INVISIBLE MAN?)
As the old woman tells the explorers her story, we drift back to the sailing of the Titanic. Rose DeWitt Buketer (Kate Winslet) is from a family of old money and new debt.  This part is extremely over- written, with Hockley making judgments that Pablo Picasso will never amount to anything in the art world and that lifeboats are a waste of space on the unsinkable Titanic. Having to watch him on the screen for a few hours is painful; a lifetime with him would have to be worse than death. At least that is what Rose decides and is ready to cast herself into the cold ocean when Jack Dawson (Leonardo DiCaprio), a young artist from the lower classes and the lower decks, steps forward and convinces her to live. Of course he is everything that Cal is not, including poor, unfortunately. But of course the two fall madly in love. And of course the angry and spoiled Cal plots revenge. Even after the Titanic strikes an iceberg--sorry, was that supposed to have a spoiler warning?--the film still concerns itself too much with this love triangle and not enough with the sinking ship. Earlier we have seen parts of the ship behaving perfectly. We should revisit the engine room and its machinery with grasshopper-like legs kicking fly- wheels and see what flooding is doing to it. One wants to return to the radio room and see what is happening there as the operator desperately tries to find help. Instead we follow a fictional Cal hatching nefarious plots at Jack's expense. It is class warfare at its most obvious. This is one time when truth would be a lot more interesting than fiction.
Frightfully underutilized is Kathy Bates as the unsinkable and likably straightforward Molly Brown. Also misused is David Warner as Cal's one-dimensional thug and bodyguard. And why bother casting Eric Braeden/Hans Gudegast as John Jacob Astor if you do not intend to use him?
What we do see of the ship's problems, and in so long a film that is still quite a bit, is enough to make this the most visually impressive rendition of the sinking, at least in other ways. We might expect that from a film produced by both Paramount and Fox, costing $200,000,000--making it the most expensive American film ever, perhaps beaten only by the Russian version of WAR AND PEACE. (The original ship itself cost about $7,500,000, incidentally.) Camera shots flying us the length of the ship are jaw-droppers even if they do have the feel of digital images. Seeing dramatized the contortions of the ship as it breaks up is new to cinema and pretty scary.
TITANIC does make the mistake that every version of the sinking makes, something that could be called "angular continuity." Until it breaks up at the very end, the Titanic was a rigid ship. This means that if one stateroom is tipped at a 27-degree angle, at the same instant of time every room, every deck, every walkway is also tipped at a 27-degree angle. During the sinking every scene should show a room tipped at just a bit more of an angle than the previous scene. No film version has ever paid close enough attention to angular continuity. It means, for one thing, that before shooting one has to know exactly the order of the shots and that order cannot be rearranged in the editing (well, perhaps only minimally). The angle of tipping varies wildly from scene to scene. A room will be shown tipped at a high angle, but in the next scene dishes will fall off shelves that should have fallen considerably earlier.
TITANIC is a lot of movie for the same priced ticket as anything else at the multiplex. This is a big film with a lot to like as well as a lot to not. For this budget and with digital technology the story could have been told with supreme accuracy and been a much more compelling film at the same time. Overall I give it a 6 on the 0 to 10 scale and a high +1 on the -4 to +4 scale.
Mark R. Leeper<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Copyright 1997 Mark R. Leeper
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


znapzend
Table of Contents
-
Module Description - What the module does and why it is useful
-
Reference - An under-the-hood peek at what the module is doing and how
Module Description
This module installs, configures, and manages the znapzend service on CentOS 6 and 7. For znapzend to function properly, zfs needs to be installed and zpools with appropriate zfs file systems need to be created.
This module does not manage zfs installation. For this please consider using the bodgit/zfs puppet module.
This module does not manage creation of zfs file systems or zpools. Puppet provides zfs and zpool resource types which could be used for management of these resources.
The documentation for znapzend can be found in the code repository: github.com/oetiker/znapzend. The methods for installation of znapzend in this module mirror the methods documented in the repository; however, it is possible to change what is installed in for prerequisites if needed. For example, if instead of installing perl-core as the documentation states, one could pass an array of perl RPMs instead for a smaller installation footprint. The znapzend code supports other operating systems; however, support in this module for those other opererating systems is not included (pull requests are welcome) at this time.
Configuration of znapzend backup plans may be managed using the either the
import define type or imports class. Management of the backup plans uses
configuration files and the znapzendzetup import
command to
write the backup plan into the zfs file system properties for the znapzend
service to use. If you would prefer to manage each zfs file system property
for znapzend directly instead of using the method of import provided here,
consider using either the ggrant/znapzend or the
cais/znapzend puppet
module instead.
Note: no validation of the znapzend backup plans is made in this module. If
invalid parameters are passed to the template, it will fail to be imported
by the znapzendzetup
command.
Setup
What znapzend affects
-
Yumrepo: epel via the epel class (enabled by default, but may be disabled with the manage_epel parameter)
-
Packages: gcc, gcc-g++ (enabled by default, but may be disabled with the manage_gcc parameter)
-
Package: mbuffer (enabled by default, but may be disabled with the manage_mbuffer parameter)
-
Package: perl-core (enabled by default, but may be disagled with the manage_perl parameter)
-
File: /usr/local/src/znapzend-versionnumber Extracted archive location for building the binaries. Archive extraction may be targeted to a different location if desired.
-
File: /opt/znapzend-versionnumber Location for installation which may be set to a different location if desired.
-
File: /usr/local/bin/znapzend Link to the appropriate binary version. Link location can be placed in a different directory if desired.
-
File: /usr/local/bin/znapzendzetup Link to the approriate binary version. Link location can be placed in a different directory if desired.
-
File: /usr/local/bin/znapzendztatz Link to the appropriate binary version. Link location can be placed in a different directory if desired.
-
File: /etc/default/znapzend
-
File: /etc/znapzend/configs Directory for where backup plan configuration files are placed. A different location may be used if needed.
-
File: /etc/init.d/znapzend (CentOS 6)
-
File: /etc/systemd/system/znapzend.service (CentOS 7)
-
Service: znapzend
Setup Requirements
This module relies on other Puppet modules for functionality: * camptocamp/systemd for systemd service management. * puppet/archive for downloading and extracting the source code tar.gz file. * puppetlabs/stdlib * stahnma/epel for setting up the EPEL repository for use.
Since this module installz znapzend from source, there are pieces needed to generate the binaries (gcc, perl-core, etc.). Parameters have been provided to disable these pieces if you already have them declared in different other puppet code to prevent resource duplication.
Beginning with znapzend
include znapzend
is all that is needed to install and
configure the znapzend service. However, if zfs is not installed or if
there are no zfs file systems, the service startup will likely fail.
Usage
All parameters to the main class may be passed via puppet code or hiera.
Note: the Puppet lookup function will by default create a merged hash for
parameter znapzend::imports::plans
. It is possible to override
the merge behavior in your own hiera data; however, this has not been
tested and could create unanticipated results.
Another note: no validation of the znapzend backup plans is made in this
module. If invalid parameters are passed to the template, it will fail to
be imported by the znapzendzetup
command.
Some futher examples that one could do with the class.
Use of the class with EPEL repository not being managed
class { 'znapzend':
manage_epel => false,
}
Use of the class without managing gcc since it is added to the system by some other means
class { 'znapzend':
manage_gcc => false,
}
Use of the class and the defined type for management of a znapzend backup plan for an existing tank/home zfs file system
class { 'znapzend': }
znapzend::import { 'tank/home':
options => {
enabled => 'on',
src => 'tank/home',
src_plan => '7d=>1h,30d=>4h,90d=>1d',
dst_0 => 'backup/home',
dst_0_plan => '7d=>1h,30d=>4h,90d=>1d,1y=>1w,10y=>1month',
mbuffer => 'off',
mbuffer_size => '1G',
post_znap_cmd => 'off',
pre_znap_cmd => 'off',
recursive => 'off',
tsformat => '%Y-%m-%d-%H%M%S',
},
}
Note: The name of the resource should be the zfs file system name and not the mount point of the file system.
Use of hiera and the imports class for creating the same backup plan as in the previous example.
---
znapzend::imports::plans:
'tank/home':
enabled: 'on'
src: 'tank/home'
src_plan: '7d=>1h,30d=>4h,90d=>1d'
dst_0: 'backup/home'
dst_0_plan: '7d=>1h,30d=>4h,90d=>1d,1y=>1w,10y=>1month'
mbuffer: 'off'
mbuffer_size: '1G'
post_znap_cmd: 'off'
pre_znap_cmd: 'off'
recursive: 'off'
tsformat: '%Y-%m-%d-%H%M%S'
Use of the class without purging the /etc/znapzend and /etc/znapzend/configs directories
class { 'znapzend':
plan_confdir_purge => false,
}
Note: if disabling the purge is done, then one would need to remove backup plans no longer in use via some other means from the directory.
Reference
Generated puppet strings documentation with examples is available from millerjl1701.github.io/millerjl1701-znapzend.
The puppet strings documentation is also included in the /docs folder.
Public Classes
-
znapzend: Main class which installs, configures, and manages the znapzend service
-
znapzend::imports: Class for managing the znapzend backup plans for zfs file systems.
Private Classes
-
znapzend::config: Class which manages the configuration of the znapzend service service scripts.
-
znapzend::install: Class which manages the build and installation of znapzend.
-
znapzend::prereqs: Class which installs the pieces the documation points to as requirements for building znapzend.
-
znapzend::repos: Class which manages the setup of the EPEL repository.
-
znapzend::service: Class which manages the znapzend service.
Public Defined Types
-
znapzend::import: Defined type for creation of a znapzend backup plan configuration file and properties on the appropriate zfs file system.
Limitations
This module installs from source znapzend on CentOS 6 and CentOS 7. It relies on zfs already being installed as well as prior creation of zfs file systems. However, this module makes no attempt at those tasks as there are other existing modules and resources available for use. As an example, please see the acceptance tests written in the spec directory.
This module does not allow for the removal of backup plans from a zfs file
system; however, one can overwrite the plans as needed by just changing the
parameters fed to the znapzend::imports::plans
parameter for
that zfs file system or the znapzend::import::options
parameter if using the defined type directly.
Note: no validation of the znapzend backup plans is made in this module. If
invalid parameters are passed to the template, it will fail to be imported
by the znapzendzetup
command.
Development
This module has been converted over to using the Puppet Development Kit
from a legacy Gemfile setup. Prior to submitting a pull request, run the
pdk validate
command to ensure that the metadata and puppet
manifests are of correct syntax. To specify a specific version of puppet to
validate sysntax, run the command pdk validate --puppet-version
5.5.12
which would validate against Puppet 5.5.12.
All new code should have unit tests using rspec-puppet in the
spec/classes
directory. Once written, the pdk test
unit
command compiles catalogs for all supported operating systems
ensuring that all resources are present in the catalog according the the
unit test requirements.
All new functionality should have acceptance tests written using ServerSpec. Beaker is used as the test harness to provision a virtual machine, install puppet, and then configure the virtual machine with the module. If you have vagrant installed, the commands that you would use to run acceptance tests would be:
BEAKER_PUPPET_COLLECTION=puppet5 pdk bundle exec rake beaker
BEAKER_destroy=no BEAKER_PUPPET_COLLECTION=puppet5 pdk bundle exec rake beaker
BEAKER_provision=no BEAKER_destroy=no BEAKER_PUPPET_COLLECTION=puppet5 pdk bundle exec rake beaker
BEAKER_PUPPET_COLLECTION=puppet5 BEAKER_set=centos-6-x64 pdk bundle exec rake beaker
The first command runs acceptance tests against the default node set using
the puppet5 collection. The second command add
BEAKER_destroy=no
to prevent the virtual machine from being
destroyed at the end of the run in order to inspect the actual virtual
machine. The third command allows you rerun the acceptance tests against
the virtual machine without reprovisioning. The last command adds
BEAKER_set
to change the nodeset away from default to allow
for testing other operating systems.
Contributors
To see who is involved with this module, see the GitHub list of contributors or the CONTRIBUTORS document.


This example shows that you can use the same layout for the entire site, but with two lines of Javascript on the server, you can change the entire layout.
Look at the source under the hood, the content is not set to display: none
, it's
simply not rendered to the client.
This is the powerful template engine that most people have been begging for.


{% extends 'tacacs/header.html' %} {% block content %} {% load staticfiles %}
PyOpenAAA is an web system developed in Django to create basic configuration files for tac_plus software. With PyOpenAAA you will be able to control your management access through the AAA protocol TACACS+ in a small and medium size environment. That means you will know when an authorized user had access to a device and what configuration was performed. In addition will be able create groups of user and specify what command and parameters can be used by this group.
If you need a solution for a large environment, it's recommend look for Cisco ACS 5.x or Cisco ISE 2.x products or use the tac_plus without this web system.
The configuration depends on the manufacturer and model of the equipment. Below is the basic configuration for a device that uses Cisco IOS.
configure terminal ! aaa new-model aaa authentication login default group tacacs+ local aaa authentication enable default group tacacs+ enable aaa authorization exec default group tacacs+ local none aaa authorization commands 1 default group tacacs+ local none aaa authorization commands 15 default group tacacs+ local none aaa authorization configuration default group tacacs+ aaa accounting exec default start-stop group tacacs+ aaa accounting commands 1 default start-stop group tacacs+ aaa accounting commands 15 default start-stop group tacacs+ ! tacacs-server host {PyOpenAAA IP Address} tacacs-server key {PyOpenAAA pre-shared-key}
If you wants to authorize and account the privilege level 0 (includes the disable, enable, exit, help, and logout commands) you can add this configuration lines:
aaa authorization commands 0 default group tacacs+ local none aaa accounting commands 0 default start-stop group tacacs+
It is strongly recommended the creation of an enable secret password and a local user with admin privilege to cases of communication failure with the server.
In this section you will manage users, passwords and define which group the user belongs to.
To create a new user, just click on "Create New User" button and provide an unique username and a password. On creation time you must define which is the group of the user, previously created at Groups Menu.
Clicking on edit button of an user you can provide a new password, change the user group or both just clicking on Save button. If you don't wanna change nothing, click on Cancel button or navigate to other menu.
Click on delete button of an user to remove it. The logs of a deleted user will be maintained on database.
In this section you will manage the groups settings like privilege-level, time for disconnection by inactivity (idle-time),time for brute disconnection (time-out) and the Command-Set for an group.
To create a group, just click on "Create New Group" button and provide an unique Group Name, select an Command-set (previously created at Command-Sets menu), select a privilege-level On creation time you must define which is the group of the user,
By default, there are three privilege levels on the router:
- Privilege level 1 = non-privileged (prompt is router>), the default level for logging in
- Privilege level 15 = privileged (prompt is router#), the level after going into enable mode
- Privilege level 0 = seldom used, but includes 5 commands: disable, enable, exit, help, and logout
Levels 2-14 are not used in a default configuration, but commands that are normally at level 15 can be moved down to one of those levels and commands that are normally at level 1 can be moved up to one of those levels. Obviously, this security model involves some administration on the router.
Reference
Clicking on edit button of a group you can change the command-set, the privilege-level and the timers of a group. Click on Save button to commit the changes. If you don't wanna change nothing, click on Cancel button or navigate to other menu.
Clicking on Delete button of a group, you will not delete only the group but all members of this group. If you want to keep the members, change they to a valid group before delete the original group.
In this section you will manage the Command-Sets and Default Permission of a command-set.
To create a new command-set, just click on "Create New Command-Set" button and provide an unique Command-Set Name, select the default action (whats gonna happens when the user uses a command not specified), commands and parameters of this Command-Set.
The commands and parameters supports Regular expression. For sample if you want to permit or deny the show running-config and show startup-config, you can fill the command field with show and the parameter field with /^(running|startup)-config/.
If you want to represents all variants of a commando, you must use .* on parameter. For sample if all copy parameters are allowed, you can fill command with copy and parameter with .* to represent all.
The command-sets are read from top to bottom, like an ACL, so the order of a permission is important and you can manage this order drag and drop the double-arrow symbol at each command.
For more informations, please check the documentation on tac_plus
Clicking on edit button of a command-set you can change the default action (Unmatched Commands), commands, parameters and order of commands with drag and drop the double-arrow symbol at each command. Click on Save button to commit the changes. If you don't wanna change nothing, click on Cancel button or navigate to other menu.
Clicking on Delete button of a command-set, you will not delete only the command-set but all groups that use this command-set and users members of those groups. If you want to keep the groups, change the command-set to a valid one before delete the original command-set.
In this section you show the access and the applied commands registered on database.
In this section you show the last 5 access registered on database for researches references.
Clicking on From and To fields you will able to provide a date interval to search access and commands registered. When these fields are filled you can click at Search button to view the correspondent records.
Clicking on View button of a record, you can see the commands used on that record.
In this section you will manage the Settings of this application like the Pre Shared Key, Login Message, failure authentication Message, Time Zone in TZ format and custom configurations writes from tac_plus documentation. Login and failure messages accepts \t for tabulation and \n for newline.
This product includes software developed by Marc Huber<EMAIL_ADDRESS>and Tacacs+ (tac_plus) accounting log event parser (tac_parse)
I'm a Network Analyst from Brazil, I'm working with IT since 2011 and I like to create tools to optimize my work and I built this web system as personal project with help of my wife Laís. I have currently this certifications:
She is formed as Designer and specialized in Web User Interface. She helped me in this project with HTML, CSS, Javascript and this kind of stuffs.
Thanks for use this web system. I hope this is good enough to help you on your environment. If you want to help, please let me know about any problem with device compatibility or bug on web system.
{% endblock content %}


LaTeX is a free typesetting system that allows their users to use a markup language to produce high-quality and consistent documents. Released in 1984, it has since become a standard in academia. Even though LaTeX is relatively easy to use, sometimes building complex typographical structures such as tables can become challenging. This free online generator allows you to build complex tables with a WYSIWYG interface.
This editor is a free tool to let you build high-quality tables easily. This editor try to handle as many typographical or compatibility issues as possible to generate the cleaniest code possible. It also provides you a user interface that is easy to use, intuitive and really powerful. It is the most complexe table editor on the Internet. You can even load your LaTeX tables or import data from spreadsheets.
This editor is free, but also open source and entirely client-based. This means that the content of your table is never send to a server. It stays with you, on your computer. We are hosted by GitHub and really respectful of your privacy.
With this editor, you can merge cells (use CTRL+Click
or SHIFT+Click
to select multiple cells), draw borders, set the border style or color and set the background color of each cell.
LaTeX doesn't have an integrated algorithm to automatically adjust the width of each column. Therefore, a table can become too wide and cause a 10000 badness
warning. This editor has two options to fix the issue:
You can activate those options in the Settings. Another option is to display your table in landscape mode.
By default, when a table is too long, it will be cropped by the page. However, it is really easy to fix this. In the Settings, make sure that is the option "Split table in multiple pages" is checked.
This website provide several ressources to easily learn to write LaTeX tables without using a generator! Check out our articles:


Hello There!
Grievous will not be happy
This is a link to Eksi Sozluk!
This is a link to Google!
This is a link to GitHub!
This is a link to Arcelik Personel Satis!


{% extends 'flamingo/base.html' %} {% block content %} {% if providers %}
No courses were found matching this search


%= render 'includes/header.html' %>
You could be a part of this lovely, quirky, award-winning team of undergrads.


The Beneficiary, Estate of Engr. Terry Williams. FINAL NOTIFICATION Please confirm your receipt of this mail because previous correspondence have been sent to you but we did not get any response from you. Bear in mind that no execution will be carried out without the endorsement of Rev. Father Lloyd Martins (the overseer of the church where he worshiped before his death here in London)and me the attorney for the execution. On-behalf of the Trustees and Executors of the Will of late of Engr. Terry Williams (ksm), I wish to notify you that you were listed as a beneficiary to the bequest of the sum of US$1.3M [One Million Three Hundred Thousand US Dollars] in the codicil and last testament of the deceased. The late Terry Williams until his death was a former Managing Director and pioneer staff of a big construction company in China and later invested in poultry farm and rice. He established himself as a wealthy farmer in Asia where he exported rice and other poultry produce. He was a very dedicated man and a great philantropist during his lifetime. He involved himself in helping people by giving investable loans inagriculture and other ventures. Late Terry Williams died on 9th December2005 at the age of 78. He has since been buried on the 23rd of December 2005. He was an American, lived in Asia all through his active years but later moved down to London due to long term illness where he died in a specialist hospital. He was married but without a child an lost his wife in 1986 due to breast cancer. He said in his words as stated in his last testament that "it is my desired wish to see that the poor and less privileged are given assistance by any means and limit this token could go, especially in Asia, Africa and South America having seen it all myself". He therefore advised that this amount be "invested and then part of the proceeds be used in the work of humanity". I hereby request that you forward your current telephone for further discussion and your correct forwarding address to enable us file necessary documents of claims at probate registry for the release of this funds to you. Please note that this is for real as probate expenses has been provided for. Please inform me if you did receive this notification this time or the Rev Lloyd Martins<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Yours faithfully, Kan James(llb.Lon) Estate of Engr. Terry Williams.


List Examples!
Here is a
link
to Google!
And this is a link that is a little longer
And here is a link to
www.facebook.com
How to make an ordered list
Start by opening your ol tag
Then add several list items in li tags
Close your ol tag


Making your business more energy efficient is easier than you might think. Even small changes can make a big difference. By going green, you can save money on overheads and also promote a positive brand image for your company. Your customers will know that they’re supporting a business who cares about energy use and the environment.
.Here are three ways to make your business more energy-efficient.
1. Shut Down at Night
It may seem like a no-brainer, but encouraging you employees to be more environmentally aware can be financially beneficial for your business. Ask your employees to switch off all of their computers and equipment overnight, including printers, scanners and coffee machines.
Utilise sleep and power saving modes on all electronics so that they go into an energy-saving mode after they have been idle for a while. Also, disable the use of screensavers as they do not actually conserve power. Instead, set the display to turn off automatically if the user has been inactive.
2. Lighting and Heating
These are two areas that you’re likely to spend a lot on as a business. If possible, maximise the amount of natural lighting in your workplace as this will reduce the amount of power consumed by artificial lights. Also, you can make a big difference to your energy consumption simply by switching off lights when they’re not required and replacing your bulbs for energy-efficient ones.
Most heating systems are fitted with regulators or a programmable thermostat. Set the temperature controls to match the season or weather conditions and the time controls to fit the working day.
3. Invest in Going Green
If you have the money to invest in energy-efficient devices, look into buying A-rated energy efficient products. These will improve your levels of energy consumption so although it may be more expensive initially, energy-efficient products can save you money in the long run
Your company, by law, must meet the EU’s standards for improving air quality and reducing emissions; releasing harmful emissions could result in a hefty fine for your company. If you’re unsure of how your business can reduce emissions then you should consult the experts, such as ERG Air Pollution Control. They can provide effective air pollution and odour control solutions to help your company go green and save money.
Follow our three top tips to help your small business become more energy efficient and environmentally friendly. Even if you cannot afford to invest in some of the more expensive solutions, the small changes will make a big difference in the amount of energy that you consume.


The oak tree has long been the symbol of endurance and strength. Oak is actually a common name of a number of tree species in the genus Quercus. This genus is popularly bred in the northern hemisphere primarily in America and parts of Asia.
At A Glance The leaves of an oak tree are spirally arranged. Its leaves are serrated and have a smooth margin. It produces flowers during springtime called catkins. Acorn, a fruit nut with a cup-like appearance, is harvested from oak trees. An acorn may contain one to three seed that may take up to six months to one and a half year to fully mature. Some oak species may also have evergreen leaves.
Classifications of Oak Trees
Relevance And Uses of Oak Trees Since oak trees are hardwood, they are popularly used as lumber materials for furniture. It is also used as flooring. Oak trees are also a good source of corks and even barrels for wines. Oak barrels are said to add a unique taste, color and aroma to the wine it stores. In the medical arena, the barks of white oak trees are also used as key components in some medicines. Acorn coffee is also gaining its popularity. Acorns are also used in flour making.


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