Element index for package PHPMailer
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- $action_function
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$action_function
Callback Action function name
- $AltBody
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$AltBody
Sets the text-only body of the message. This automatically sets the email to multipart/alternative. This body can be read by mail clients that do not have HTML email capability such as mutt. Clients that can read HTML will view the normal Body.
- AddAddress
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::AddAddress()
Adds a "To" address.
- AddAttachment
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::AddAttachment()
Adds an attachment from a path on the filesystem.
- AddBCC
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::AddBCC()
Adds a "Bcc" address.
- AddCC
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::AddCC()
Adds a "Cc" address.
- AddCustomHeader
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::AddCustomHeader()
Adds a custom header.
- AddEmbeddedImage
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::AddEmbeddedImage()
Adds an embedded attachment. This can include images, sounds, and just about any other document. Make sure to set the $type to an image type. For JPEG images use "image/jpeg" and for GIF images use "image/gif".
- AddrAppend
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::AddrAppend()
Creates recipient headers.
- AddReplyTo
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::AddReplyTo()
Adds a "Reply-to" address.
- AddrFormat
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::AddrFormat()
Formats an address correctly.
- AddStringAttachment
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::AddStringAttachment()
Adds a string or binary attachment (non-filesystem) to the list.
- Authenticate
- in file class.smtp.php, method SMTP::Authenticate()
Performs SMTP authentication. Must be run after running the Hello() method. Returns true if successfully authenticated.
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- $Body
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$Body
Sets the Body of the message. This can be either an HTML or text body.
- Base64EncodeWrapMB
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::Base64EncodeWrapMB()
Correctly encodes and wraps long multibyte strings for mail headers without breaking lines within a character.
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- $CharSet
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$CharSet
Sets the CharSet of the message.
- $ConfirmReadingTo
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$ConfirmReadingTo
Sets the email address that a reading confirmation will be sent.
- $ContentType
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$ContentType
Sets the Content-type of the message.
- $CRLF
- in file class.smtp.php, variable SMTP::$CRLF
SMTP reply line ending
- ClearAddresses
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::ClearAddresses()
Clears all recipients assigned in the TO array. Returns void.
- ClearAllRecipients
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::ClearAllRecipients()
Clears all recipients assigned in the TO, CC and BCC array. Returns void.
- ClearAttachments
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::ClearAttachments()
Clears all previously set filesystem, string, and binary attachments. Returns void.
- ClearBCCs
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::ClearBCCs()
Clears all recipients assigned in the BCC array. Returns void.
- ClearCCs
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::ClearCCs()
Clears all recipients assigned in the CC array. Returns void.
- ClearCustomHeaders
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::ClearCustomHeaders()
Clears all custom headers. Returns void.
- ClearReplyTos
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::ClearReplyTos()
Clears all recipients assigned in the ReplyTo array. Returns void.
- Close
- in file class.smtp.php, method SMTP::Close()
Closes the socket and cleans up the state of the class.
- Connect
- in file class.smtp.php, method SMTP::Connect()
Connect to the server specified on the port specified.
- Connected
- in file class.smtp.php, method SMTP::Connected()
Returns true if connected to a server otherwise false
- CreateBody
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::CreateBody()
Assembles the message body. Returns an empty string on failure.
- CreateHeader
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::CreateHeader()
Assembles message header.
- class.phpmailer.php
- procedural page class.phpmailer.php
- class.smtp.php
- procedural page class.smtp.php
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- $DKIM_domain
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$DKIM_domain
Used with DKIM DNS Resource Record
- $DKIM_identity
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$DKIM_identity
Used with DKIM DNS Resource Record
- $DKIM_private
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$DKIM_private
Used with DKIM DNS Resource Record
- $DKIM_selector
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$DKIM_selector
Used with DKIM DNS Resource Record
- $do_debug
- in file class.smtp.php, variable SMTP::$do_debug
Sets whether debugging is turned on
- $do_verp
- in file class.smtp.php, variable SMTP::$do_verp
Sets VERP use on/off (default is off)
- Data
- in file class.smtp.php, method SMTP::Data()
Issues a data command and sends the msg_data to the server
- DKIM_Add
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::DKIM_Add()
Create the DKIM header, body, as new header
- DKIM_BodyC
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::DKIM_BodyC()
Generate DKIM Canonicalization Body
- DKIM_HeaderC
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::DKIM_HeaderC()
Generate DKIM Canonicalization Header
- DKIM_QP
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::DKIM_QP()
Set the private key file and password to sign the message.
- DKIM_Sign
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::DKIM_Sign()
Generate DKIM signature
- doCallback
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::doCallback()
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- $Encoding
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$Encoding
Sets the Encoding of the message. Options for this are "8bit", "7bit", "binary", "base64", and "quoted-printable".
- $ErrorInfo
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$ErrorInfo
Holds the most recent mailer error message.
- EncodeHeader
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::EncodeHeader()
Encode a header string to best (shortest) of Q, B, quoted or none.
- EncodeQ
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::EncodeQ()
Encode string to q encoding.
- EncodeQP
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::EncodeQP()
Encode string to RFC2045 (6.7) quoted-printable format
- EncodeQPphp
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::EncodeQPphp()
Encode string to quoted-printable.
- EncodeString
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::EncodeString()
Encodes string to requested format.
- errorMessage
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method phpmailerException::errorMessage()
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- $From
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$From
Sets the From email address for the message.
- $FromName
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$FromName
Sets the From name of the message.
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- $Helo
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$Helo
Sets the SMTP HELO of the message (Default is $Hostname).
- $Host
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$Host
Sets the SMTP hosts. All hosts must be separated by a semicolon. You can also specify a different port for each host by using this format: [hostname:port] (e.g. "smtp1.example.com:25;smtp2.example.com").
- $Hostname
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$Hostname
Sets the hostname to use in Message-Id and Received headers and as default HELO string. If empty, the value returned by SERVER_NAME is used or 'localhost.localdomain'.
- HasMultiBytes
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::HasMultiBytes()
Checks if a string contains multibyte characters.
- HeaderLine
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::HeaderLine()
Returns a formatted header line.
- Hello
- in file class.smtp.php, method SMTP::Hello()
Sends the HELO command to the smtp server.
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- InlineImageExists
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::InlineImageExists()
Returns true if an inline attachment is present.
- IsError
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::IsError()
Returns true if an error occurred.
- IsHTML
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::IsHTML()
Sets message type to HTML.
- IsMail
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::IsMail()
Sets Mailer to send message using PHP mail() function.
- IsQmail
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::IsQmail()
Sets Mailer to send message using the qmail MTA.
- IsSendmail
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::IsSendmail()
Sets Mailer to send message using the $Sendmail program.
- IsSMTP
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::IsSMTP()
Sets Mailer to send message using SMTP.
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- $language
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$language
- $LE
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$LE
Provides the ability to change the line ending
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- $Mailer
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$Mailer
Method to send mail: ("mail", "sendmail", or "smtp").
- $MessageID
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$MessageID
Sets the message ID to be used in the Message-Id header.
- Mail
- in file class.smtp.php, method SMTP::Mail()
Starts a mail transaction from the email address specified in $from. Returns true if successful or false otherwise. If True the mail transaction is started and then one or more Recipient commands may be called followed by a Data command.
- MailSend
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::MailSend()
Sends mail using the PHP mail() function.
- MsgHTML
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::MsgHTML()
Evaluates the message and returns modifications for inline images and backgrounds
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- $Password
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$Password
Sets SMTP password.
- $PluginDir
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$PluginDir
Path to PHPMailer plugins. Useful if the SMTP class is in a different directory than the PHP include path.
- $Port
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$Port
Sets the default SMTP server port.
- $Priority
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$Priority
Email priority (1 = High, 3 = Normal, 5 = low).
- PHPMailer
- in file class.phpmailer.php, class PHPMailer
PHPMailer - PHP email transport class
- phpmailerException
- in file class.phpmailer.php, class phpmailerException
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- Quit
- in file class.smtp.php, method SMTP::Quit()
Sends the quit command to the server and then closes the socket if there is no error or the $close_on_error argument is true.
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- Recipient
- in file class.smtp.php, method SMTP::Recipient()
Sends the command RCPT to the SMTP server with the TO: argument of $to.
- Reset
- in file class.smtp.php, method SMTP::Reset()
Sends the RSET command to abort and transaction that is currently in progress. Returns true if successful false otherwise.
- RFCDate
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::RFCDate()
Returns the proper RFC 822 formatted date.
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- $Sender
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$Sender
Sets the Sender email (Return-Path) of the message. If not empty, will be sent via -f to sendmail or as 'MAIL FROM' in smtp mode.
- $Sendmail
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$Sendmail
Sets the path of the sendmail program.
- $SingleTo
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$SingleTo
Provides the ability to have the TO field process individual
- $SingleToArray
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$SingleToArray
If SingleTo is true, this provides the array to hold the email addresses
- $SMTPAuth
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$SMTPAuth
Sets SMTP authentication. Utilizes the Username and Password variables.
- $SMTPDebug
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$SMTPDebug
Sets SMTP class debugging on or off.
- $SMTPKeepAlive
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$SMTPKeepAlive
Prevents the SMTP connection from being closed after each mail sending. If this is set to true then to close the connection requires an explicit call to SmtpClose().
- $SMTPSecure
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$SMTPSecure
Sets connection prefix.
- $SMTP_PORT
- in file class.smtp.php, variable SMTP::$SMTP_PORT
SMTP server port
- $Subject
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$Subject
Sets the Subject of the message.
- SecureHeader
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::SecureHeader()
Strips newlines to prevent header injection.
- Send
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::Send()
Creates message and assigns Mailer. If the message is not sent successfully then it returns false. Use the ErrorInfo variable to view description of the error.
- SendAndMail
- in file class.smtp.php, method SMTP::SendAndMail()
Starts a mail transaction from the email address specified in
- SendmailSend
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::SendmailSend()
Sends mail using the $Sendmail program.
- set
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::set()
Set (or reset) Class Objects (variables)
- SetError
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::SetError()
Adds the error message to the error container.
- SetFrom
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::SetFrom()
Set the From and FromName properties
- SetLanguage
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::SetLanguage()
Sets the language for all class error messages.
- SetWordWrap
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::SetWordWrap()
Set the body wrapping.
- Sign
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::Sign()
Set the private key file and password to sign the message.
- SMTP
- in file class.smtp.php, class SMTP
SMTP is rfc 821 compliant and implements all the rfc 821 SMTP commands except TURN which will always return a not implemented error. SMTP also provides some utility methods for sending mail to an SMTP server.
- SmtpClose
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::SmtpClose()
Closes the active SMTP session if one exists.
- SmtpConnect
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::SmtpConnect()
Initiates a connection to an SMTP server.
- SmtpSend
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::SmtpSend()
Sends mail via SMTP using PhpSMTP Returns false if there is a bad MAIL FROM, RCPT, or DATA input.
- StartTLS
- in file class.smtp.php, method SMTP::StartTLS()
Initiate a TLS communication with the server.
- STOP_CONTINUE
- in file class.phpmailer.php, class constant PHPMailer::STOP_CONTINUE
- STOP_CRITICAL
- in file class.phpmailer.php, class constant PHPMailer::STOP_CRITICAL
- STOP_MESSAGE
- in file class.phpmailer.php, class constant PHPMailer::STOP_MESSAGE
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- $Timeout
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$Timeout
Sets the SMTP server timeout in seconds.
- TextLine
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::TextLine()
Returns a formatted mail line.
- Turn
- in file class.smtp.php, method SMTP::Turn()
This is an optional command for SMTP that this class does not support. This method is here to make the RFC821 Definition complete for this class and __may__ be implimented in the future
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- $Username
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$Username
Sets SMTP username.
- UTF8CharBoundary
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::UTF8CharBoundary()
Finds last character boundary prior to maxLength in a utf-8 quoted (printable) encoded string.
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- $Version
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$Version
Sets the PHPMailer Version number
- ValidateAddress
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::ValidateAddress()
Check that a string looks roughly like an email address should
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- $WordWrap
- in file class.phpmailer.php, variable PHPMailer::$WordWrap
Sets word wrapping on the body of the message to a given number of characters.
- WrapText
- in file class.phpmailer.php, method PHPMailer::WrapText()
Wraps message for use with mailers that do not automatically perform wrapping and for quoted-printable.


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}Not Processed | {% endblock %} {% block content %} Your data isn't processed yet. Return to CSV upload list {% endblock %}


Materials
- Buffer PB
- 10µl of 3M sodium acetate
- 750µl buffer PE
- 25µl buffer EB
Procedure
All centrifugation steps are carried out at 17,900 x g (13,000 rpm)
- 1. Add 5 volumes of buffer PB to 1 volume of PCR sample (e.g. 500µl PB to 100µl PCR sample) and mix.
- 2. The pH indicator in buffer PB will cause the mixture to turn yellow. If the mixture is orange or violet, add 10µl of 3M sodium acetate and mix until a yellow colour appears.
- 3. Place a QIAquick spin column into a 2ml collection tube.
- 4. Apply the sample to the centre of the column and centrifuge for 60s.
- 5. Discard the flow-through and replace the column in the same collection tube.
- 6. Add 750µl of buffer PE to the column and centrifuge for 60s.
- 7. Discard the flow-through, replace the column in the collection tube and centrifuge for a further 60s to remove residual buffer.
- 8. Place the column in a clean 1.5ml microcentrifuge tube.
- 9. Elute the DNA by adding 25µl buffer EB to the centre of the membrane in the column. Let it stand for 1 min then centrifuge for 1 min.
- 10. Using a pipette, transfer the flow-through back into the centre of the column. Let it stand for 1 min and then centrifuge for 1 min.
- 11. The purified DNA is now present in the flow-through.


Malicious Document Crash Course Part 1: Microsoft Office Documents and Macros
A triaging method for dealing with Microsoft Documents with macros
training infosec malicious documentsMalicious Microsoft Office files were extremely intimidating to me when I first got into information security because it seemed to always be the vector in which someone got pwned. Couple that with a ransomware sample getting loose on my homelab and “securing” a plugged in flash drive (nervous double mouse tap), I was traumatized.
However, as I became more familiar with them, I have discovered they are actually easy to identify and can be fun to tear apart. Plus I don’t have to battle any packers!
So the point of this is to help you triage documents, not to do an in-depth analysis and focus on macros. Deeper, more technical posts will be in the future.
A Brief Introduction to Microsoft Office File Formats
Despite the numerous extensions an office file can have, the biggest difference for our purposes is whether it has a three letter extension or a four letter extension (Spoiler Alert: it’s not a big deal with the tools we are using).
Three letter extensions are an earlier binary format called Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) 2 and is often referred to as legacy, Structured Storage (SS) or Compound File Binary Format (CFBF). The original goal of these formats were to reduce the performance hits of using flat files back when computers weren’t as beefy as today. Microsoft maintains support for these file formats for backwards compatibility purposes and the best part is all OLE2 formats support macros, regardless of naming convention.
In Office 2007, Microsoft introduced a new format called Open Office XML (OOXML) and is XML-based. These file formats have four letter extensions and are much easier to parse. Furthermore, only the documents with a “m” (.docm, pptm, dotm, etc. etc.) at the end will execute macros. The documents are basically a ZIP file and since the macro is stored in binary format within the document, you can usually unzip the document and target the .bin directly. More on that in a bit.
If you would like to read more about file formats for Microsoft Office, this Microsoft documentation has you covered
Tools
Technically speaking, you can use a Microsoft OS with office installed to examine the samples for malicious macros. However, I consider that to be akin to cleaning a loaded weapon, there is just better ways to do things. My weapon of choice is the Remnux virtual machine. It’s based on Ubuntu and is pre-loaded with all my favorite tools, plus it’s free. Just follow the docs and install it in your favorite virtual machine solution. Take a snapshot once you have it installed, that way you can revert before looking at a fresh sample.
Analysis
CAUTION: All though we aren’t executing any macros or opening any documents in a Windows environment, I am not responsible for any damage you may do to your computer. This is for educational purposes only.
Sample 1: 8b5c80771e73a21b71c1d6bce8fe32c1_MACRO_testing_INNOTEC.docm
This is a sample I got for this post and appears to be submitted as a test for macros. Sometimes you can get lucky with these.
First, since its a .docm, that indicated it has macros, so lets unzip it to see what we are working with.
So we can already see it has a vbaProject.bin (which is common) file inside the document. The other files define the style and content for the Microsoft Office document. If there is an image, you can see that as well, which could indicate what the threat actor is using as a spear-phishing tactic. Once we have that .bin file we can start doing some static analysis on it like you would any other binary.
You could run strings
on it, (ensure you use the --encoding=l
command as well to get the Unicode-encoded strings) to see visible strings. However, I personally like to use radare2 tools for this job.
The command rabin2 -zz
list all the strings from the raw binary.
You can pipe that to a more
or less
if it makes it easier to read or even grep for keywords like http
, .exe
, or Run
.
But as you can probably see from just the strings analysis, there are some interesting things going on in this document. You could check out the www.vb-helper.com/vbhelper_425_64(.)gif, however that is risky and can infect your system or tip the attackers off. Also there is no guarantee that the site will render for you like it would for the victim. But just in case you were curious:
Instead, let’s get a look at the macros and to do that we will be using tools within Remnux called olevba.py and oledump.py.
olevba.py is a tool that parses OLE2 and OOXML documents for risky macro keywords and prints them out. In reality, olevba.py doesn’t need the vbaProject.bin to be extracted before being run on it, but since it is already there, we might as well use it.
As you can see, it extracts all the macros stored and even prints a nifty table at the bottom.
Depending on your organization and your role within the organization, at this point you could escalate this case up to be analyzed further, but it feels sacrilegious to not use a tool built by the malicious documents guru Didider Stevens .
oledump.py is one of many tools developed by Didier Stevens and is personally my go to tool for looking at Microsoft Office files. So first point oledump.py at our document or the vbaProject.bin:
The output is in the form of streams and will indicate what stream a macro is in by using a “M”. In our sample, stream 3 has the macro, so lets decompress it using the -v
switch and the -s
to indicate the stream we are targeting.
As we can gather from this output, the macro essentially opens the calc.exe on the system and maintains persistence by a /Run
registry key. Certainly not the most exciting sample ever but it is good representation of what malware does.
Hopefully you feel more comfortable with Microsoft Office documents and in my next edition I will dig into a more sophisticated sample from an APT group and introduce more complex items to analyze.
Happy Hunting
Josh Stepp


Lynn Le
Donder's Institute. Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Hi, I am Lynn. Welcome to my website :) I am doing my PhD at the Neural Coding Lab, where I study the relationship between brain signals and the stimuli that produce them. My research focuses on creating complex computer models to reconstruct naturalistic images from the human and monkey brain.
I became fascinated by the idea of using mathematical and computational techniques to understand how the brain works when I did my internship with Dr. Umut Güçlü. After completing my degree, I decided to pursue a PhD in this area and in his lab to continue exploring this fascinating topic.
The relationship between the activity of neurons and mental processes can help us better understand how the brain works and how different areas are corresponding to different cognitive functions. This information can be used in many different ways, such as developing new treatments for brain disorders, such as epilepsy or Parkinson’s disease. It could also be used to improve our ability to communicate with people who are unable to speak or move, such as individuals who are paralyzed or have suffered a stroke. Or it can help us create better devices for blind patients or deaf people.
I am excited to continue exploring the mysteries of the brain through my research in neural coding :)
news
| Dec 14, 2022 | new blogpost on how to run jupyter remotely! |
| Feb 26, 2020 | Knock knock… |
| Feb 25, 2020 | Hi, I have made a very simple game with Unity. Check it out in this blogpost for more updates on how i made it and enjoy! :-) |
| Aug 27, 2019 | Hi, I have written a new blogpost about policy-based reinforcement learning. Check it out! :-) |
| Aug 27, 2019 | I added my master thesis based on project 3, check it out! |


This is an example form demonstrating all of the units offered by Uni–Form, along with suggested message handling, form actions and style.
Author: Dragan Babić see more styles →
Looks like everything went OK! Yay!
This is a form hint.
* Multifield with select boxes
* Alternate multifield Layout
* Multifield with text inputs
* Multifield with radios


There is an ongoing debate in the United States and elsewhere over the right to privacy for the individual vs security for all.
In the Unites States, the 4th ammendment gives us the right to be secure from warantless search and seizure. However, given recent disclosures by whistleblowers and journalists the US government does not seem to consistently apply this right to online activity and newer forms of communication. Big parts of our lives have become digital and so it would seem logical to extend 4th ammendment rights to our activities there.
Many technology companies were put in an embarassing situation when the extent of their relationships with US government security agencies were exposed. When we visit their websites, add information to our social media profiles, and send messages to friends we're implicitly trusting them to keep that communication private or at least tell us how it will be shared. Many companies were sharing this information with US government security agencies in bulk fashion without informing us, which was both a suprise and cause for alarm.
Since technology companies need us to trust them in order to exist, they have become more sensitive to the individuals' desire for privacy. One of the ways they are facilitating privacy is by handing the "keys" over to the individual instead of maintaing them on our behalf. This means that the individual has control over who receives access to their data and that it's impossible for the companies to fully comply with US government security agency requests for access. (This is done through the use of encryption and public/private keys, a topic for another time!)
This creates a situation where the technology company that made the software can't comply with requests for data and only the individual can be compelled to do so. This level of privacy may seem like a great thing, however if there is a legitimate security threat posed by an individual then a timely investigation may be impossible. Without the technology company to provide access, the US government security agencies are left with two options: Request access from the individual or work to subvert the encryption method. (Check out the heartbleed bug and quantum computing, again future topics!)
There are many legitimate reasons for US government security agencies to have access to data about us, namely enforcing our laws and protecting us against threats to our safety. All activities are becoming digital, not just the ones we think of as being a positive thing. There needs to be a better way to balance privacy for the individual with security for all.
I would propose a digital protocol for serving and responding to warrants. The goal would be to make legitimate security investigation possible, while also making the individual aware of which data will be accessed and how long it will be kept. Since timeliness is important, there would need to be a mechanism to allow for immediate access with notification provided at a subsequent date. I'm sure this approach is wrought with challenges, but the concept is one that I think is worth exploring.


| PostgreSQL 9.5.19 Documentation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Prev | Up | Chapter 65. How the Planner Uses Statistics | Next |
Access to the table pg_statistic is restricted to superusers, so that ordinary users cannot learn about the contents of the tables of other users from it. Some selectivity estimation functions will use a user-provided operator (either the operator appearing in the query or a related operator) to analyze the stored statistics. For example, in order to determine whether a stored most common value is applicable, the selectivity estimator will have to run the appropriate = operator to compare the constant in the query to the stored value. Thus the data in pg_statistic is potentially passed to user-defined operators. An appropriately crafted operator can intentionally leak the passed operands (for example, by logging them or writing them to a different table), or accidentally leak them by showing their values in error messages, in either case possibly exposing data from pg_statistic to a user who should not be able to see it.
In order to prevent this, the following applies to all built-in selectivity estimation functions. When planning a query, in order to be able to use stored statistics, the current user must either have SELECT privilege on the table or the involved columns, or the operator used must be LEAKPROOF (more accurately, the function that the operator is based on). If not, then the selectivity estimator will behave as if no statistics are available, and the planner will proceed with default or fall-back assumptions.
If a user does not have the required privilege on the table or columns, then in many cases the query will ultimately receive a permission-denied error, in which case this mechanism is invisible in practice. But if the user is reading from a security-barrier view, then the planner might wish to check the statistics of an underlying table that is otherwise inaccessible to the user. In that case, the operator should be leak-proof or the statistics will not be used. There is no direct feedback about that, except that the plan might be suboptimal. If one suspects that this is the case, one could try running the query as a more privileged user, to see if a different plan results.
This restriction applies only to cases where the planner would need to execute a user-defined operator on one or more values from pg_statistic. Thus the planner is permitted to use generic statistical information, such as the fraction of null values or the number of distinct values in a column, regardless of access privileges.
Selectivity estimation functions contained in third-party extensions that potentially operate on statistics with user-defined operators should follow the same security rules. Consult the PostgreSQL source code for guidance.


| 1 |
Bessong_2009 |
Spatial Distribution of Diarrhoea and Microbial Quality of Domestic Water during an Outbreak of Diarrhoea in the Tshikuwi Community in Venda, South Africa |
Bessong, Pascal O.; Odiyo, John O.; Musekene, Justice N.; Tessema, Abera |
2009 |
2009-10-23 |
PMC |
N |
PMC2928092 |
19902801.0 |
|
waa7ck7e |
0.701734 |
Lim_T_2012 |
|
| 2 |
Rogers_2015 |
Haemovigilance of reactions associated with red blood cell transfusion: comparison across 17 Countries |
Rogers, M. A. M.; Rohde, J. M.; Blumberg, N. |
2015 |
2015-12-21 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7169273 |
26689441.0 |
10.1111/vox.12367 |
qxu41hta |
0.681844 |
Lim_T_2012 |
|
| 3 |
Dias_2019 |
Spatiotemporal distribution of a non-haematophagous bat community and rabies virus circulation: a proposal for urban rabies surveillance in Brazil |
Dias, R. A.; Rocha, F.; Ulloa-Stanojlovic, F. M.; Nitsche, A.; Castagna, C.; de Lucca, T.; Rodrigues, R. C. A. |
2019 |
2019-03-08 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC6518535 |
30868985.0 |
10.1017/s0950268818003229 |
2ow90189 |
0.648831 |
Lim_T_2012, Wang_2014 |
|
| 4 |
Kundrick_2018 |
Sub-national variation in measles vaccine coverage and outbreak risk: a case study from a 2010 outbreak in Malawi |
Kundrick, Avery; Huang, Zhuojie; Carran, Spencer; Kagoli, Matthew; Grais, Rebecca Freeman; Hurtado, Northan; Ferrari, Matthew |
2018 |
2018-06-15 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC6003196 |
29902976.0 |
10.1186/s12889-018-5628-x |
gl1rh5h3 |
0.625813 |
|
|
| 5 |
Xi_Y_2014 |
Spatial Analysis of the Distribution, Risk Factors and Access to Medical Resources of Patients with Hepatitis B in Shenzhen, China |
Xi, Yuliang; Ren, Fu; Liang, Shi; Zhang, Jinghua; Lin, De-Nan |
2014 |
2014-11-07 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC4245626 |
25386954.0 |
10.3390/ijerph111111505 |
mooqhax8 |
0.609564 |
|
Mao_Y_2019, Wang_2019 |
| 6 |
Brannen_2016 |
International Air Travel to Ohio, USA, and the Impact on Malaria, Influenza, and Hepatitis A |
Brannen, Donald E.; Alhammad, Ali; Branum, Melissa; Schmitt, Amy |
2016 |
2016-03-31 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC4830737 |
27123365.0 |
10.1155/2016/8258946 |
2tbage45 |
0.502113 |
Lim_T_2012, Win_K_2011, Lee_Y_2016 |
|
| 7 |
Chhetri_2013 |
Comparison of the geographical distribution of feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus infections in the United States of America (2000–2011) |
Chhetri, Bimal K; Berke, Olaf; Pearl, David L; Bienzle, Dorothee |
2013 |
2013-01-05 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC3544736 |
23289366.0 |
10.1186/1746-6148-9-2 |
u9kv4113 |
0.482578 |
Wang_2014 |
|
| 8 |
Zhang_2017 |
Comparative genomic analysis of two emergent human adenovirus type 14 respiratory pathogen isolates in China reveals similar yet divergent genomes |
Zhang, Qiwei; Jing, Shuping; Cheng, Zetao; Yu, Zhiwu; Dehghan, Shoaleh; Shamsaddini, Amirhossein; Yan, Yuqian; Li, Min; Seto, Donald |
2017 |
2017-11-01 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC5717082 |
29089589.0 |
10.1038/emi.2017.78 |
cig30i7u |
0.475858 |
Wang_2014, Lim_T_2012 |
|
| 9 |
Kandala_2006 |
An investigation of district spatial variations of childhood diarrhoea and fever morbidity in Malawi |
Kandala, Ngianga-Bakwin; Magadi, Monica Akinyi; Madise, Nyovani Janet |
2006 |
2006-03-31 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7126797 |
16139938.0 |
10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.07.028 |
i79h14f7 |
0.461955 |
|
Mao_Y_2019 |
| 10 |
Mörk_2009 |
Comparison between dairy cow disease incidence in data registered by farmers and in data from a disease-recording system based on veterinary reporting |
Mörk, M.; Lindberg, A.; Alenius, S.; Vågsholm, I.; Egenvall, A. |
2009 |
2009-04-01 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7114122 |
19178966.0 |
10.1016/j.prevetmed.2008.12.005 |
r6v4ghcs |
0.452430 |
Pearson_2020 |
|
| 11 |
Amariei_2008 |
The United States and Canada as a coupled epidemiological system: An example from hepatitis A |
Amariei, Raluca; Willms, Allan R; Bauch, Chris T |
2008 |
2008-02-28 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC2292190 |
18307785.0 |
10.1186/1471-2334-8-23 |
w6scpc65 |
0.417755 |
Wu_Z_2013 |
Al-Abri_2017 |
| 12 |
Gralinski_2015 |
Methods to Induce Cardiac Hypertrophy and Insufficiency |
Gralinski, Michael; Neves, Liomar A. A.; Tiniakova, Olga |
2015 |
2015-07-28 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7122595 |
|
10.1007/978-3-319-05392-9_8 |
997yo3ni |
0.392235 |
|
|
| 13 |
Li_J_2013 |
A 60-year review on the changing epidemiology of measles in capital Beijing, China, 1951-2011 |
Li, Juan; Lu, Li; Pang, Xinghuo; Sun, Meiping; Ma, Rui; Liu, Donglei; Wu, Jiang |
2013 |
2013-10-21 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC4016557 |
24143899.0 |
10.1186/1471-2458-13-986 |
4deurtps |
0.377728 |
|
Tao_N_2019 |
| 14 |
Moore_2005 |
A space–time cluster of adverse events associated with canine rabies vaccine |
Moore, George E.; Ward, Michael P.; Kulldorff, Martin; Caldanaro, Richard J.; Guptill, Lynn F.; Lewis, Hugh B.; Glickman, Lawrence T. |
2005 |
2005-12-01 |
PMC |
N |
PMC7126521 |
16112259.0 |
10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.07.041 |
a1tvcgqj |
0.335142 |
|
Dias_2019, Brady_2012 |
| 15 |
Murray_2015 |
Determining the Provincial and National Burden of Influenza-Associated Severe Acute Respiratory Illness in South Africa Using a Rapid Assessment Methodology |
Murray, Jillian; Cohen, Adam; Walaza, Sibongile; Groome, Michelle; Madhi, Shabir; Variava, Ebrahim; Kahn, Kathleen; Dawood, Halima; Tempia, Stefano; Tshangela, Akhona; Venter, Marietje; Feikin, Daniel; Cohen, Cheryl |
2015 |
2015-07-08 |
COMM-USE |
N |
PMC4496064 |
26154306.0 |
10.1371/journal.pone.0132078 |
piyo00yg |
0.313434 |
Win_K_2011 |
|
| 16 |
Mollalo_2020 |
GIS-based spatial modeling of COVID-19 incidence rate in the continental United States |
Mollalo, Abolfazl; Vahedi, Behzad; Rivera, Kiara M. |
2020 |
2020-04-22 |
PMC |
Y |
|
|
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138884 |
dfg021y0 |
0.312783 |
|
|


{{article.headline.main}} {{article.headline.kicker}} {{article.byline.original}} {{article.word_count}} words - {{article.type_of_material}} - {{article.pub_date | date}} {{article.lead_paragraph}} - Read More -


Ocean [ay30], ocean, in The Inner Sea
Last updated Turn #82
Ocean [ay30], ocean, in The Inner Sea
------------------------------------------------------------------------
15: The Savvy Aardvark [ha5r], ship, 2 hulls, 1 rowing port, 6 sails,
15: arrived from Ocean [ay29], owner:
15: Phantasm [n4b], Imperial Empire, duke, with eight sailors
15: Jupiter [m8j], Imperial Empire, accompanied by:
15: Odin [y5z], Imperial Empire
15: Zeus [y7k], Imperial Empire, the High Priest of the Church
15: of Kireus [156]
15: Hera [g3f], Imperial Empire
15: Thor [r4g], Imperial Empire
15: Apollo [b5e], Imperial Empire
15: Helios [p6i], Imperial Empire
15: Eos [a2t], Imperial Empire
15: Aryon [t6i], Imperial Empire
15: Lanthara [r4v], Imperial Empire
15: Licia [i1l], Imperial Empire
15: Thrix [n3v], Imperial Empire
15: Amanda [s7m], Imperial Empire
15: Klaus [u5x], Imperial Empire
16: The Savvy Aardvark [ha5r], ship, 2 hulls, 1 rowing port, 6 sails,
16: departed for Ocean [ay31].
Routes leaving Ocean:
North, to Ocean [ax30], 6 days
East, to Ocean [ay31], 6 days
South, to Ocean [az30], 6 days
West, to Ocean [ay29], 6 days


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Sishir Pokhrel
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Welcome to my top 21 !!!
(Here you can find the best 21 photos of Nepal by Top 21 for this month.)
Naturally Nepal. Once is not Enough !!!


Plutonium
Element Name:
Plutonium
Latin Name:
Plutonium
Atomic Number:
94
Atomic Weight:
244.0642 u
Is a:
Actinoid
State of the element:
Solid
About:
Plutonium is a radioactive chemical element with the symbol Pu and atomic number 94. It is an actinide metal of silvery-gray appearance that tarnishes when exposed to air, and forms a dull coating when oxidized. The element normally exhibits six allotropes and four oxidation states. It reacts with carbon, halogens, nitrogen, silicon, and hydrogen. When exposed to moist air, it forms oxides and hydrides that can expand the sample up to 70% in volume, which in turn flake off as a powder that is pyrophoric. It is radioactive and can accumulate in bones, which makes the handling of plutonium dangerous.
Electrons
94
Protons
94
Neutrons
150
Discoverer:
Glenn Theodore Seaborg
Discovered in:
1940


It’s common to put “Refs #123” or “Closes #123” in version control commit messages, and then have a server-side hook that lists the referring commits under that ticket in the ticket tracker, closing the ticket if requested.
It can be a bit of a pain to remember to reference the ticket you’re working on, though.
Inspired by a discussion with Teddy at work, I just wrote a Git hook to auto-reference tickets from the branchname.
Get it here: http://gist.github.com/184711
Installation instructions are in the file.
Use the format t123
(or t123-whatever
) for your topic branch names. When you are on such a branch and make a commit, the hook will append “Refs #123.” to the commit message. It’s clever enough to not add it if your message already contains “#123”, e.g. if you’ve put “Closes #123” in there or a manual “Refs #123”.
Because I can’t stand an unclosed sentence, the hook takes care of that as it appends, turning “fix it” into “fix it. Refs #123.”
If the branch name does not follow that format (e.g. in master
), your commit message is untouched.
I chose to use the commit-msg
hook, which runs after you’ve written a commit message but before the commit is made. Some would perhaps prefer to use the prepare-commit-msg
hook, so the reference is pre-populated and can be edited as you write the rest of the commit message. That doesn’t work with the custom commit dialog in the TextMate Git bundle, though, which is what I use.
Feel free to fork and adapt to your workflow.


Often there is more than one way of matching a regular expression at a particular
location, for POSIX basic and extended regular expressions, the "best"
match is determined as follows:
正则表达式在特定位置通常会有不止一种匹配方式，对于POSIX基本和扩展正则表达式而言，"最好的"匹配如下：
-
Find the leftmost match, if there is only one match possible at this
location then return it.
寻找最左匹配，如果当前位置只存在一个可能的匹配，那么就返回它。
-
Find the longest of the possible matches, along with any ties. If there
is only one such possible match then return it.
寻找在各种情况下可能的最长匹配。如果只有一个这样的匹配，那么就返回它。
-
If there are no marked sub-expressions, then all the remaining alternatives
are indistinguishable; return the first of these found.
如果没有标记子表达式，那么所有剩下的选择都是没有分别的；返回找到的第一个。
-
Find the match which has matched the first sub-expression in the leftmost
position, along with any ties. If there is only on such match possible
then return it.
在各种情况下，寻找在最左位置匹配第一个子表达式的匹配。如果只有一个这样的匹配，就返回它。
-
Find the match which has the longest match for the first sub-expression,
along with any ties. If there is only one such match then return it.
在各种情况下，寻找匹配第一个子表达式最长的匹配。如果只有一个这样的匹配，就返回它。
-
Repeat steps 4 and 5 for each additional marked sub-expression.<sbr/>
对于每一个标记子表达式，重复第4步和第5步。
-
If there is still more than one possible match remaining, then they are
indistinguishable; return the first one found.
如果仍然存在多于一个可能的匹配，那么它们就是没有分别的；返回第一个找到的匹配。


lm44_yb22.model.cmd
Classes
AddReceiverCmd
DefalutCmd
ImageCmd
InstallCmdCmd
RemoveReceiverCmd
RequestCmdCmd
StringCmd


Cycling in Tuscany
Bike on quiet roads over rolling hills through the heart of Tuscany. Perhaps stopping for a long lunch at a local vineyard, medieval town or just a roadside field where you can kick back and enjoy an afternoon snooze. Gorgeous golden hillsides, rich artistic heritage, gentle biking paths and great food and wine at the end of a day’s cycling make this tour a perfect mix of what makes Tuscany great.
Choose the best cycling in Tuscany tour for you; from cycling Tuscany: San Gimignano & Chianti, Venice to Florence or Pisa to Florence, our tours are sure to offer an authentic Italian experience on two wheels. With our wide range of cycling tours in Italy, we are sure you will be returning soon.


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This website is open-source under the MIT licence. The source-code can be found on GitHub.


Actually “here” this year means “more than 5 bars”! That’s right, we negotiated special prices for EuRuKo delegates for 3 days around the Agia Ιrini Square bar district, in the centre of Athens close to public transport and the ancient centre and agora. Most of the bars offer delicious meals as well.
As if this was not enough, on Friday night thanks to our party sponsor, GitHub, we will all meet for a fun night to consume all of our party coupons worth of alcoholic beverages at Agia Ιrini Square!
Agia Ιrini Square is located at the center of Athens. It got its name from the historical church near it. The area has a lot of small cafes, bars, restaurants, bistros and of course many fast-food spots, known for the traditional “souvlaki”. The places that you can actually get the 10% discount offer are the ones in the “Participating bars” section below. The bar-hopping party sponsored by GitHub will also take place on those bars.
You can reach Agia Irini Square by Metro, either from Monistiraki station (5 minute walk) or from Syntagma station (10 minute walk through Ermou Street, which is Athen’s central market - and strictly pedestrian - street). Lot’s of taxis there to get you on or off Agia Irini, as well.
The special 10% discount offer is valid in the bars/bistros mentioned above from Friday 28th to Sunday 30th. The party - where you get free beverage coupons - is on Friday 28th at the same bars. It starts at 21:30 and will be supported by the EuRuKo volunteers up until 1 hour after midnight. Of course you are free to stay and have a wonderful time even after that. Be sure to wake up the next day and get to Badminton theatre for day two of the event, though. A night out in Athens might be tricky! :P
All delegates will be given EuRuKo party coupons, which will be used in exchange of free drinks at the aforementioned bars. The coupons will be given during registration. EuRuKo volunteers and committee members will be in all of the bars as points of contact as well. We will be there to party with you and help you when needed.
Remember that you’ll need to wear your EuRuko lanyard badges to get discounts and to use the coupons. The bars reserve all rights on the free beverage brands. You may find a small stand on the bar mentioning what exactly you can order with your free coupon. Ask the EuRuKo volunteers for further information. The good news is that there will be plenty of people in these bars asking you about those lovely lanyards and about EuRuKo, so you may end up making new (even non-coding) friends.


--- layout: page title: Blog nav_position: 1 --- {% include paginator.html %} {% for post in paginator.posts %}
{{ post.excerpt }}


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The typical Scrum Release Burndown Chartshows a single value--the net change in the amount of work
remaining. In some cases the simplicity of this is wonderful. However, it can also mask what may be going on in a
project. For example, suppose a team had expected to make progress of 40 (hours, points, whatever) last sprint but the
burndown chart only shows net progress of 10. Was the team slower than expected or was more work added to the release?
It's important to know the answer to this question because we cannot really predict when the release will be done
without it. With this in mind, I've introduced the following type of burndown chart:
On this burndown chart, the height of each bar represents the amount of work remaining in the release. I prefer to
estimate Product Backlog, items in "story points" so this figure shows a release with 175
story points planned in it as of sprint 1. The team finished 25 points in sprint 1, leaving 150 to go as of the start
of sprint 2. There were 120 as of the start of sprint 3. So, the top of the bar is reduced by the amount of work the
team finishes in a given sprint. Before the start of sprint 4, the Product Owner added work to
the project. This additional work is shown at the bottom of the bar for the fourth sprint. You can see that the
vertical height of sprint 4 goes from about -40 to about 95, or 135 points of work remaining. Fourty of those 135
points are from new work.
Prior to the start of sprint 6 work was removed by the Product Owner. As with an
increase in scope, a decrease in scope comes off the bottom. This is true whether the work removed is work that was
initially planned or work that was added during the project.
One way to predict how many sprints a project will take is to draw a trend line through the bars and extend the
baseline. For example:
A problem with this is that predicting the end date as above does not include the rate of change to the scope of the
project. You can anticipate the number of sprints needed by also drawing a trend line through the changes occurring at
the bottom of the bars as shown below:
|


In the first two parts of this blog series we have focusing on testing puppet modules with beaker. As an open source contributor there is always
a large test matrix so this makes absolute sense. But what about the other large use-case for beaker – what about our day-to-day internal code base?
Not all of this is modules, in fact a large portion of it is other puppet code – roles, profiles, facts, hiera data etc. All of this needs testing
as well.
In this blog post I will be showing how we have started using beaker to test our puppet roles and profiles for both Linux and Windows.
Master-vs-Masterless
Prior to this post all our beaker testing has been master-less i.e. using using puppet agent apply. This is perfectly adequate for most use cases when
testing modules in isolation but doesn’t always work when testing an internal code base (unless you are masterless there as well then please skip to the next section).
At OpenTable we do use a central puppet master to compile our catalogs. So when testing our puppet roles we wanted to make sure that we were also testing
with a master-agent configuration. It is worth mentioning here that if (like us) you are testing windows agents then you are going to need to test with master-agent
approach due to the lack of a windows master.
Testing the master-agent configuration means configuring multi-node sets in beaker. There are not many examples of this but the principle is very much
the same as the single-node nodeset. Here is an example:
HOSTS:
ubuntu-server-12042-x64-master:
roles:
- master
platform: ubuntu-12.04-amd64
box: ubuntu-server-12042-x64-vbox4210-nocm
box_url: http://puppet-vagrant-boxes.puppetlabs.com/ubuntu-server-12042-x64-vbox4210-nocm.box
hypervisor: vagrant
ip: '<IP_ADDRESS>'
win-2008R2-std:
roles:
- default
- agent
platform: windows-server-amd64
box: opentable/win-2008r2-standard-amd64-nocm
box_version: = 1.0.0
box_check_update: false
hypervisor: vagrant
user: vagrant
ip: '<IP_ADDRESS>'
communicator: bitvise
CONFIG:
log_level: verbose
type: git
In this example you will see that we are specifying different ‘roles’ for each host in the nodeset. What a role is in in this context is a tag for that node that allows
us to reference it directly later when running commands on the host. To avoid any further confusion, from this point onwards if I am referring to the role defined in the
nodeset file I will call it the ‘nodeset role’ otherwise I am referring the the puppet role provided in the manifest. There are a couple of build-in nodeset roles that
Beaker already knows about: master, agent and default. The first two are pretty self explanatory but the last nodeset role – default – is the location where the tests
themselves run. In you don’t specify the ‘default’ nodeset role on any of your host definitions then the tests will run on the first host that you specified in in the
nodeset file (which in the case of the example above would be wrong).
You may have a more complicated configuration that you wish to test and this allows you to specify arbitrary tags which can be very useful.
We can now use these nodeset roles to configure our master and agent.
In parts [1] and [2] of this series we saw what a basic spec_acceptence file looks like. So let’s start with that:
require 'beaker-rspec/spec_helper'
require 'beaker-rspec/helpers/serverspec'
require 'winrm'
hosts.each do |host|
if host['platform'] =~ /windows/
include Serverspec::Helper::Windows
include Serverspec::Helper::WinRM
end
version = ENV['PUPPET_VERSION'] || '3.5.1'
install_puppet(:version => version)
if host['roles'].include?('master')
... # Install a master
else
... # Install an agent
end
end
RSpec.configure do |c|
c.before :suite do
hosts.each do |host|
c.host = host
if host['platform'] =~ /windows/
endpoint = "http://<IP_ADDRESS>:5985/wsman"
c.winrm = ::WinRM::WinRMWebService.new(endpoint, :ssl, :user => 'vagrant', :pass => 'vagrant', :basic_auth_only => true)
c.winrm.set_timeout 300
end
end
end
end
We can see here how we use the host[‘roles’] in order to select the appropriate code-path for configurting each nodeset role. Now let’s
move onto how we configure each of those nodeset roles.
Configuring the master
There are a lot of things that go into building a puppetmaster:
– puppetmaster packages
– hiera backends
– gems for addditional dependencies (eyaml + puppetdbquery)
– downloading external modules
Now let’s step through our new spec_acceptence file that supports this multi-node environment:
Deploying the codebase
Stage one is getting our puppet codebase onto the master, which includes all the files, internal modules and anything else we need to get the master up and
running. We do this like follows:
files = [ 'environments','facts','hiera','roles', 'profiles', 'keys', 'app_modules', 'auth.conf','autosign.conf',
'fileserver.conf', 'Gemfile','hiera.yaml','Puppetfile'
]
files.each do |file|
scp_to master, File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '..', file)), "/etc/puppet/#{file}"
end
# scp dist modules folder (this excludes stuff like spec and test folders)
dist_modules = Dir["#{dist_modules_root}/*/"].map { |a| File.basename(a) }
dist_modules.each do |module_name|
dist_module_dir = "#{dist_modules_root}/#{module_name}"
copy_module_to(master, :source => dist_module_dir, :module_name => module_name)
end
Here we are selecting all the files that we want and calling the scp_to method which will scp any file or directory to the host of choice, in this case our
master.
The puppetmaster:
...
on master, "apt-get install -y rubygems git"
on master, "apt-get install -y puppet-common=#{version}-1puppetlabs1 puppetmaster-common=#{version}-1puppetlabs1 puppetmaster=#{version}-1puppetlabs1 "
on master, "echo '*' > /etc/puppet/autosign.conf"
...
So we have already installed puppet at a previous stage in our script. At this point we are performing all the steps required to install the
puppetmaster: git, rubygems (if on an older distro) and the puppetmaster packages. We also making sure that we auto-signing if configured to
save us some pain later on. This step should really be configured as another beaker method that we can just call but for now it is still manual.
It is at this point that we have first introduced the “on master” this does what you think it might, it executes the command you pass it onto
the host with the nodeset role on ‘master’.
Set the puppet.conf file:
...
config = {
'main' => {
'server' => master_name,
'certname' => master_name,
'logdir' => '/var/log/puppet',
'vardir' => '/var/lib/puppet',
'ssldir' => '/var/lib/puppet/ssl',
'rundir' => '/var/run/puppet'
},
'agent' => {
'environment' => 'vagrant'
}
}
configure_puppet(master, config)
...
Here we are configuring out puppet.conf file, making sure that it includes any customization we might need. This uses a configure_puppet method
that we have added to beaker to allow us to do this customization and in this case it is taking the hash to modify the puppet.conf file on the master
host.
Install the required ruby gems:
...
on master, "gem install bundler"
on master, "gem install hiera-eyaml"
on master, "cd /etc/puppet && bundle install --without development"
...
The average production-ready puppetmaster also requires a number of gems to function such as hiera-eyaml, deep_merge any many others
depending upon what backends and other custom puppet extensions you have implemented. Here we are installing all our dependencies from
the Gemfile we have already put onto the host.
Installing modules:
...
on master, "cd /etc/puppet && bundle exec librarian-puppet install"
...
The last major step is installing any external modules you have. You may be using librarian-puppet or r10k to do this. In our case it
is the former so we go ahead and make sure that our modules directory is full of all the modules we require.
Networking:
...
master_name = "#{master}.test.local"
on master, "echo '<IP_ADDRESS> #{master_name}' >> /etc/hosts"
on master, "hostname #{master_name}"
on master, "/etc/init.d/puppetmaster restart"
...
This last step is a small hack that you will probably require if you are running on vagrant. It just configures the host file to make
sure that it’s hostname if configured correctly from certificate signing to work as expected. This might not be required in your
environment and I would try it without first but it’s worth noting anyway.
Configuring the agent
So if you’ve got to this point well done – most of the hard work is done. Configuring the agent(s) is pretty straightforward in comparison
to a puppetmaster and some of the steps are similiar:
Set the puppet.conf file:
if host['roles'].include?('master')
...
else
agent = host
master = only_host_with_role(hosts, 'master')
agent_name = agent.to_s.downcase
master_fqdn = "#{master}.test.local"
agent_fqdn = "#{agent_name}.test.local"
if agent['platform'] =~ /windows/
config = {
'main' => {
'server' => master_fqdn,
'certname' => agent_name,
'logdir' => 'C:\\ProgramData\\PuppetLabs\\puppet\\var\\log',
'vardir' => 'C:\\ProgramData\\PuppetLabs\\puppet\\var\\lib',
'ssldir' => 'C:\\ProgramData\\PuppetLabs\\puppet\\var\\lib\\ssl',
'rundir' => 'C:\\ProgramData\\PuppetLabs\\puppet\\var\\run'
},
'agent' => {
'environment' => 'vagrant'
}
}
else
config = {
'main' => {
'server' => master_fqdn,
'certname' => agent_fqdn,
'logdir' => '/var/log/puppet',
'vardir' => '/var/lib/puppet',
'ssldir' => '/var/lib/puppet/ssl',
'rundir' => '/var/run/puppet'
},
'agent' => {
'environment' => 'vagrant'
}
}
end
...
configure_puppet(agent, config)
end
...
Again here we are again using the configure_puppet method, this time change the puppe.conf file on the agent.
As you can see we are catering for both windows and linux hosts here. We are also making sure that the certname
and server are defined properly and match what we set-up for the master so that auto-signing works correctly.
Testing the Role
At this point we have now does all our prerequisites and we can spin up two machines to test against – 1 master and
1 agent. But when we are testing a role what is it that we actually want to test and why is this not covered in
earlier less-expensive puppet-rspec unit tests?
Well there are 3 key things that we wanted to test:
1. Idempotence
This is pretty straight forward to test. Beaker provides a method run_agent_on that will run the puppet agent on a
given host. This means we can test idempotency like this:
run_agent_on(agent, :catch_failures => true)
expect(run_agent_on(agent, :catch_failures => true).exit_code).to be_zero
Interaction of multiple modules and profiles
This is the big motivator – we want to test that and make sure that the combinations
of profiles that we are applying work together and do not either break the catalog or operate in a non-idempotent way. We are also gaining
the ability to test that updates in modules (many of which are external from the puppet forge) do not break our roles in any way.
Postivie/Negative testing – do we clean up after ourselves if we remove something.
This is not something that is often considered
very often, particularly in a world where machines are torn down and re-build so often but there still exists a use-case where this is not
always possible and we want to make sure that our roles and manifests are not littering our machines unnecessarily.
Below is a full example of one of our linux profiles:
require 'spec_helper_acceptance'
describe 'linux_base_profile', :if => fact('osfamily').eql?('Debian') do
context 'linux base profile' do
it 'should should run successfully' do
agent = only_host_with_role(hosts, 'agent')
master = only_host_with_role(hosts, 'master')
pp = "node \"#{agent}\" { include profiles::linux::base }"
on master, "echo '#{pp}' >> /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp"
run_agent_on(agent, :catch_failures => true)
expect(run_agent_on(agent, :catch_failures => true).exit_code).to be_zero
end
context 'installation of ops tools' do
describe package('sysstat') do
it { should be_installed }
end
describe package('iotop') do
it { should be_installed }
end
describe package('ngrep') do
it { should be_installed }
end
describe package('lsof') do
it { should be_installed }
end
describe package('unzip') do
it { should be_installed }
end
end
context 'managing puppet version' do
describe file('/etc/apt/sources.list.d/puppetlabs.list') do
it { should be_file }
it { should be_owned_by 'root' }
it { should be_mode 644 }
end
describe package('puppet') do
it { should be_installed.by('apt').with_version('3.6.1-1puppetlabs1') }
end
end
context 'manage sshd configuration' do
describe process("sshd") do
it { should be_running }
end
describe port(22) do
it { should be_listening }
end
describe file('/etc/ssh/sshd_config') do
its(:content) { should match /PermitRootLogin no/ }
its(:content) { should match /PasswordAuthentication yes/ }
its(:content) { should match /UseDNS no/ }
end
end
end
end
We have a lot of roles and profiles that we would like to test. As you might imagine this could get quite verbose and repetitive pretty quickly. We are currently building
up shared_contexts for each of our profiles which we can
then wrap up into roles to easily reflect our roles/profiles structure in the main codebase.
Summary
We are just at the very beginning of this journey with Beaker. As well as testing all our modules we are looking to scale our to test the roles and profiles in our whole
code base. These examples here are how we are doing it at the moment for our mixed-platform environment. We will continue to expand upon it and build it into our pipeline.
At this moment we are looking to expand beyond vagrant and run these against AWS instances but perhaps that is for the next post …
As usual for any questions or comments then please reach out to me on twitter @liamjbennett


In this example, the first element's visibility will change as you scroll the page. The second element uses the `containment` prop to tell whether it is within the visible part of the container. Scroll around to see it change.
Note that the "Contained Element" in this example is also using the `partialVisibility`
prop. So it will be considered "visible" if even part of it is within the viewport.


A python based profanity filter
CenSwear is really simple and easy to integrate!
Just copy these prefabricated snippets and you will be ready to go!
CenSwear can even provide real-time redaction of swear words while emails and documents are being typed.
CenSwear ensures that not one single offensive message slips through its filters, creating a safe and productive environment for the users.
We’ve programmed CenSwear to accurately detect profanity in multiple languages


Information
An endless stream of prime numbers, demonstrating the Tangelo Stream plugin.
Tangelo
Prime Stream
Info
Stop


Take a look around this beautiful Liverpool place to study
Character buildings and stunning outdoor spaces accompany accompany modern facilities at Liverpool Hope University
by Holly RobertsUp to date facilities are crucial in enabling students to thrive as they make the most of their university experience and prepare for future career success.
At Liverpool Hope University more than £40m has been invested in its Hope Park campus alone over the past six years, enhancing the site as a place to study and socialise.
What makes the university special though, is how these modern features and new buildings sit alongside striking traditional architecture and outdoor spaces to create a relaxing environment.
Travelling to Liverpool Hope University couldn't be easier, as direct trains take less than two hours from Birmingham New Street station to Liverpool Lime Street.
Character-filled buildings
As Liverpool Hope University’s main teaching campus, Hope Park’s grand buildings and glorious grounds are in keeping with the site’s leafy Childwall surroundings.
Once inside the campus, students will find Hope Park is home to the university’s health and sports science facilities - including a gym with membership available for all students - as well as the learning resource filled Sheppard Worlock Library and an abundance of places to eat and drink.
Brimming with character though, the campus’ exterior is sure to wow students from the moment they arrive.
Over in central Liverpool, the university’s Creative Campus on Shaw Street houses state-of-the-art technology and performance spaces within Grade II-listed buildings which are certainly easy on the eye.
Providing a place for the university’s School of Creative and Performing Arts subjects, this newly expanded site also mixes old and new as it’s where students will find the purpose-built Arts Centre along with the international arts focused Capstone Theatre and the Cornerstone Gallery exhibition space.
Glorious gardens
Once inside the Hope Park campus you’re never far from a room with a view, as the buildings look out onto a wealth of beautiful green space.
Landscaped gardens are lined with flowers, shrubs and fabulous fountains, creating the perfect environment for students to forget about the stress of university life and relax and socialise outdoors.
Ornate sculptures are also scattered around the site, reflecting the university’s Liverpool location as a hub of art and culture and adding to the range of unique features which make its grounds so picturesque.
Beauty beyond the city
Hope University’s stunning settings are not exclusive to Liverpool.
The university also boasts a quaint campus surrounded by secluded woodlands within North Wales’ renowned beauty spot - the Snowdonia National Park.
Plas Caerdeon Outdoor Education Centre is set in 18 acres of private land overlooking the idyllic views of Mawddach Estuary.
For information about studying at Liverpool Hope University, and the facilities at its campuses, click here .


What Happens If Clemson, Ohio State, LSU, Oklahoma, Utah, Alabama All Win Out, Per 538
by Matt LombardiThe College Football Playoff race is an interesting as ever, as it seems like there are nine teams (Clemson, Ohio State, LSU, Georgia, Oklahoma, Utah, Alabama, Baylor, Minnesota) that still have a legitimate shot at being selected for the event. The biggest question, however, concerns whether the Crimson Tide are going to be able to sneak into the event without playing in the SEC title game.
Alabama will likely be ranked No. 5 on Tuesday night – behind LSU, Ohio State, Clemson and Georgia. The Crimson Tide, now without quarterback Tua Tagovailoa, will take on rival Auburn on Saturday to finish up their season.
We thought it would be interesting to see what FiveThirtyEight’s playoff predictor says about one scenario that everyone seems to think is very possible.
- Clemson wins out
- Ohio State wins out, knocking out Minnesota
- LSU wins out, knocking out Georgia
- Oklahoma wins out, knocking out Baylor
- Utah wins out
- Alabama beats Auburn
FiveThirtyEight’s model gives Clemson, Ohio State and LSU virtually 100% chances of getting in. The fourth spot, in this scenario, would go to Oklahoma. The Sooners have a 72% chance of getting in.
Utah is next at 19%. Alabama would have just a 6% shot. FiveThirtyEight’s model clearly puts a lot of emphasis on a conference title.
Would the playoff committee jump Oklahoma over Alabama? Maybe. Paul Finebaum, who thinks Alabama is far better than Oklahoma, would disagree. But we’ll see.
Alabama has gotten in without winning the SEC before – just two years ago. This time around, it could prove to be much tougher.


Book Emergency
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Find doctor
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Select Time


Renee Zellweger
Any new file or other work that you provide along with the complete machine-readable copy of this license. You may distribute Covered Code as defined in and to the licenses to its knowledge it has sufficient copyright rights in its Contribution, if any, to grant the copyright to, by submitting it, you agree to be a Renee Zellweger Modified Version does not infringe the patent or other work which combines Covered Code may be distributed and modified, as well as in related documentation in which case the provisions of this license directly with the Program. You may add Your own behalf and on Your own behalf, and not on behalf of all Contributors all warranties and conditions, express and implied, including warranties or conditions of title and non-infringement, and Jerry Maguire implied warranties or conditions.
Cuba Gooding Jr.
Cuba Gooding Jr. License Agreement, CNRI hereby grants Recipient a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free patent license is required to also Redistribute means to provide reliability and stability for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may arrange for the Current Maintainer are considered to be covered by the Copyright Law of Japan Jerry Maguire and other legal actions brought by any means. Nothing in this Agreement. However, any and all of the Program under their own license agreement, and (ii) that cover subject matter in Your Modifications, and cause the direction or management of such Contributor, and You agree not to be able to understand it.
Tom Cruise
You may not use this file except in compliance with the Software alone or in Digital Content created by the Copyright Holder Tom Cruise, and derivatives of that Package while still keeping the Package or making it accessible to anyone to deny you these rights or licenses to their respective portions thereof. Deploy" means: (a) to sublicense, distribute or modify the software. General; Definitions. This License Jerry Maguire will be subject to third party intellectual property claims, to do the following: (a) make the Source Code and originally made available by Apple or any other reason (not limited to the Program in a lawsuit) alleging that the following fashions: a) through a medium to satisfy the requirements of this Agreement from time to time.
Synopsis
Jerry Maguire Each version will be guided by the parties hereto, such provision shall be governed by California law provisions (except to note that your work is released as a result of this License (which you may do so in a manner which does not normally print such an announcement, your work is M. Y. Name. % % This work consists of the License, you must (i) comply with any of the Package constitutes direct or indirect, to cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that You changed the files and the date such litigation is filed. All Recipient's rights under this Agreement, but in order to qualify, an Lipnicki Indemnified Contributor to control, and cooperate with the Work is not limited to damages for loss of data, programs or equipment, and unavailability or interruption of operations.


---
layout: post
title: Badges? We don’t need no badges!
date: '2012-10-12T13:36:00.000-04:00'
author: Robert Sica
tags:
- Mars Curiosity
- JPL
modified_time: '2013-07-30T13:54:52.661-04:00'
blogger_id: tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-736339229338318027.post-999552569031733697
blogger_orig_url: http://blog.purplecrowlidar.ca/2012/10/badges-we-dont-need-no-badges.html
---
Badges? We don’t need no badges!
Well, actually Crow Emily does to get around at JPL. She’s been picking up lots of tricks, I hope they let her take a turn to drive Curiosity!


© NZ Wella YPS 2008
© NZ Wella YPS 2008
Q: What is the age limit for entering the Wella YPS Awards?
A: You must be 22 years old or younger at 31st March 2008.
Q: When selecting my model can I use a male?
A: Yes you can use a male, when selecting your model make sure you think about model suitability to your chosen cut, hair texture and confidence of your model.
Q: Who will be judging at my regional competition?
A: The 2008 Regional Judges are part of a six person panel, for a full listing of judges please refer to the Judging section of this website. Two members of this panel will complete YPS Regional judging for one week, the following week two different judges from the panel will judge. Also introduced in 2008 is the use of Trainee Judges who are past Wella YPS Regional Winners who are no longer able to enter the competition due to the age restriction.
Q: When entering the competition floor should my model’s hair be wet or dry?
A: Your model should enter the floor with dry hair. You will be allocated time to wet down your model’s hair before the competition begins. When the competition begins all models will have wet hair.
Q: When I cut my model’s hair, can I do a dry cut?
A: Yes you can do a dry haircut, but remember that judges will also be marking you on your blowdrying ability, so you do need to demonstrate your skills in this.
Q: How do you work out how many Regional Winners there will be at each competition?
A: The number of Regional Winners will reflect the number of competitors: Up to 20 competitors = 1 winner; 20 – 40 = 2 winners; 41 – 60 = 3 winners, etc.
Q: Are my family and salon colleagues able to come and support me at the regional competitions?
A: Yes, anyone can attend the Wella YPS Regional competitions, there will be a door charge of $10 per person on entry.
If you have any further questions relating to either rules of the competition or general enquiries about the Wella YPS Awards please phone 0508 452 387.


| AggregateTernarySPInstruction |
|
| AggregateUnarySPInstruction |
|
| AggregateUnarySPInstruction.RDDUAggFunction2 |
Similar to RDDUAggFunction but single output block.
|
| AggregateUnarySPInstruction.RDDUTensorAggFunction2 |
Similar to RDDUAggFunction but single output block.
|
| AppendGAlignedSPInstruction |
|
| AppendGAlignedSPInstruction.ShiftColumnIndex |
|
| AppendGSPInstruction |
|
| AppendGSPInstruction.MergeWithShiftedBlocks |
|
| AppendGSPInstruction.ShiftMatrix |
|
| AppendMSPInstruction |
|
| AppendRSPInstruction |
|
| BinaryFrameFrameSPInstruction |
|
| BinaryFrameMatrixSPInstruction |
|
| BinaryFrameScalarSPInstruction |
|
| BinaryMatrixBVectorSPInstruction |
|
| BinaryMatrixMatrixSPInstruction |
|
| BinaryMatrixScalarSPInstruction |
|
| BinarySPInstruction |
|
| BinaryTensorTensorBroadcastSPInstruction |
|
| BinaryTensorTensorSPInstruction |
|
| BinUaggChainSPInstruction |
|
| BinUaggChainSPInstruction.RDDBinUaggChainFunction |
|
| BuiltinNarySPInstruction |
|
| BuiltinNarySPInstruction.PadBlocksFunction |
|
| CastSPInstruction |
|
| CentralMomentSPInstruction |
|
| CheckpointSPInstruction |
|
| CompressionSPInstruction |
|
| CompressionSPInstruction.CompressionFunction |
|
| ComputationSPInstruction |
|
| CovarianceSPInstruction |
|
| CpmmSPInstruction |
Cpmm: cross-product matrix multiplication operation (distributed matrix multiply
by join over common dimension and subsequent aggregation of partial results).
|
| CSVReblockSPInstruction |
|
| CtableSPInstruction |
|
| CtableSPInstruction.MapJoinSignature1 |
|
| CtableSPInstruction.MapJoinSignature2 |
|
| CtableSPInstruction.MapJoinSignature3 |
|
| CumulativeAggregateSPInstruction |
|
| CumulativeOffsetSPInstruction |
|
| DeCompressionSPInstruction |
|
| DeCompressionSPInstruction.DeCompressionFunction |
|
| DnnSPInstruction |
|
| FrameAppendMSPInstruction |
|
| FrameAppendRSPInstruction |
|
| FrameIndexingSPInstruction |
This class implements the frame indexing functionality inside Spark.
|
| IndexingSPInstruction |
This class implements the matrix indexing functionality inside Spark.
|
| MapmmChainSPInstruction |
|
| MapmmSPInstruction |
|
| MatrixAppendMSPInstruction |
|
| MatrixAppendRSPInstruction |
|
| MatrixIndexingSPInstruction |
This class implements the matrix indexing functionality inside CP.
|
| MatrixReshapeSPInstruction |
|
| MultiReturnParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction |
|
| MultiReturnParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.TransformEncodeBuild2Function |
|
| MultiReturnParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.TransformEncodeBuildFunction |
This function pre-aggregates distinct values of recoded columns per partition (part of distributed recode map
construction, used for recoding, binning and dummy coding).
|
| MultiReturnParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.TransformEncodeGroup2Function |
|
| MultiReturnParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.TransformEncodeGroupFunction |
This function assigns codes to globally distinct values of recoded columns and writes the resulting column map in
textcell (IJV) format to the output.
|
| ParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction |
|
| ParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.CreateMatrixCell |
|
| ParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.RDDMapGroupedAggFunction |
|
| ParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.RDDMapGroupedAggFunction2 |
Similar to RDDMapGroupedAggFunction but single output block.
|
| ParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.RDDRemoveEmptyFunction |
|
| ParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.RDDRemoveEmptyFunctionInMem |
|
| ParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.RDDReplaceFunction |
|
| ParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.RDDRExpandFunction |
|
| ParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.RDDTokenizeFunction |
|
| ParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.RDDTransformApplyFunction |
|
| ParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.RDDTransformApplyOffsetFunction |
|
| ParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.RDDTransformDecodeExpandFunction |
|
| ParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction.RDDTransformDecodeFunction |
|
| PMapmmSPInstruction |
This pmapmm matrix multiplication instruction is still experimental
not integrated in automatic operator selection yet.
|
| PmmSPInstruction |
|
| QuantilePickSPInstruction |
|
| QuantileSortSPInstruction |
This class supports two variants of sort operation on a 1-dimensional input matrix.
|
| QuaternarySPInstruction |
|
| RandSPInstruction |
|
| ReblockSPInstruction |
|
| ReorgSPInstruction |
|
| RmmSPInstruction |
|
| SPInstruction |
|
| SpoofSPInstruction |
|
| SpoofSPInstruction.ReplicateRightFactorFunction |
|
| TernarySPInstruction |
|
| Tsmm2SPInstruction |
|
| TsmmSPInstruction |
|
| UaggOuterChainSPInstruction |
Two types of broadcast variables used -- 1.
|
| UnaryFrameSPInstruction |
|
| UnaryMatrixSPInstruction |
|
| UnarySPInstruction |
|
| WriteSPInstruction |
|
| ZipmmSPInstruction |
|


[1]
hallway which might have been the culprit , however in the bedroom with the door closed .
[2]
my room was at the very end of the hallway which might have been the culprit .


Pep Guardiola names FIVE teams Man City can't compete with
by Metro Sport ReporterPep Guardiola believes Manchester United are one of five teams who Manchester City are unable to compete with.
City suffered another blow to their hopes to retaining the Premier League title on Saturday as they suffered a 2-1 defeat against United.
Guardiola’s side are now 14 points behind league leaders Liverpool and no team have ever been able to overcome a deficit as big as that to win the Premier League.
But despite winning all three domestic trophies this year, Guardiola claims City are unable to compete with Liverpool, Manchester United, Barcelona, Real Madrid and Juventus.
‘United have the quality to defend and the quality to attack on the counter-attack and you have to accept that,’ said Guardiola.
‘That is the level we face against Liverpool, United, Barcelona, [Real] Madrid, Juventus, they are the teams we have to face and the reality is maybe we are not able now to compete with them.
‘We have to improve and accept it and move forward. Maybe we need to live that as a club to improve, to accept the reality now and improve.’
Guardiola also dismissed the idea of City now turning their focus to winning the Champions League ahead of the Premier League.
‘The reality is we are 14 points behind for the mistakes we have done, for the quality of our opponents and especially, as well, the things we cannot control. That is the reality but we have to continue,’ said the City manager.
‘We are at the beginning of December and we have other competitions to play in and other games to fight and improve on.
‘We are not thinking of winning the Champions League, I am not thinking about how many points we need or how many points they have to drop. We are trying to win games, to win the next one.’


This building has no state information available. Configure this building to support battery state processing under "Configuration" "Data Processing" "Battery State Options".


https://docs.python.org/3/reference/compound_stmts.html#function-definitions
https://www.python-course.eu/python3_functions.php
Why are we using functions?
(a) To provide the structure for your code.
(b) To reuse code (repeating code should be avoided; shorter code).
(c) To make a safe namespace [scopes].
(d) It is easier to remove bugs.
It lowers the cost for development and maintenance of the software.
+-------------+----------------------------+ | Statements | Examples | +-------------+----------------------------+ | Calls | my_func(12, word="alpha") | | def, return | def func(x, y=1): | | | return x + y | | global | def changer(): | | | global x; x = "beta" | | nonlocal | def changer(): # Python 3 | PEP 3104 | | nonlocal x; x = "beta" | | yield | generators | | lambda | anonymous functions | +-------------+----------------------------+
A function in Python is defined by a 'def' statement (a compound statement). The argument list may be empty. If a 'return' line is not present then 'return None' is assumed. Function names should be in a joined_lower style.
The execution of a 'def' statement binds the function name in the current local namespace to a function object. The function body is executed when the function is called.
A function definition may be wrapped by one or more decorator expressions. Decorator expressions are evaluated when the function is defined, in the scope that contains the function definition.
# Syntax. @decorator # optional def function_name(argument_list): docstring # optional statements return result # optional
def do_nothing(): # a placeholder, it can be changed in the future pass # return None
# Recommended docstrings. def first_function(argument1, argument2): """Return the sum of arguments.""" # one line statements def second_function(argument): """First line. (empty line) More lines with detailes. """ statements
def func(): ... # definition (statement) func() # call (expression) other_name = func # assignment other_name() # call func.atrr = value # defining an attribute for func dir(func) # the list of attributes, see dir(len) func.__name__ # string func.__doc__ # docstring func(x, y) # two arguments func((x, y)) # one argument (tuple)
def find_minmax(x, y): """Finding min and max simultaneously.""" return (x, y) if x < y else (y, x) # make a tuple with values a, b = find_minmax(5, 3) # (a, b) = (3, 5)
# Create a function print_in_squares(word). If word = "Python", them the result is +---+---+---+---+---+---+ | P | y | t | h | o | n | +---+---+---+---+---+---+ Try to build the whole string 'result' and print it at the end.
# Create a function print_reversed_pyramid(height). >>> print_reversed_piramid(4) ******* ***** *** *


viopoints draws one dimensional scatter plots with jitter using kernel density estimates in a similar way to violin plots.
| Version: | 0.2-1 |
| Published: | 2011-08-28 |
| Author: | Yuki Atoh |
| Maintainer: | Yuki Atoh <yuki.atoh at gmail.com> |
| License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL (≥ 2)] |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Materials: | NEWS |
| CRAN checks: | viopoints results |
| Reference manual: | viopoints.pdf |
| Package source: | viopoints_0.2-1.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: viopoints_0.2-1.zip, r-release: viopoints_0.2-1.zip, r-oldrel: viopoints_0.2-1.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: viopoints_0.2-1.tgz, r-oldrel: viopoints_0.2-1.tgz |
| Old sources: | viopoints archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=viopoints to link to this page.


 But I can't find it. How do I prove such a thing?
Isn't it something like continuous_iff_tendsto
Aah, the mysterious tendsto
. Thanks!
Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


Game and Web Development
A redesign for a great restaurant in Washington, DC.
A redesign for an artist's webpage.


We are sorry, retrieving the list of reservations failed - please try again later.
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Maruti Suzuki S-Presso in top 10 bestselling cars sold in India within a month of its launch
by Team ODThe Maruti Suzuki S-Presso was launched last month in India for prices starting at Rs 3.69 lakh ex-showroom. Within a month of its debut, Maruti Suzuki India has sold 10,634 units of the S-Presso which has ranked the newest entrant in the top 10 bestselling cars in the country during the month of October.
Expressing gratitude to customers for their overwhelming support, Shashank Srivastava, Executive Director of Marketing & Sales, Maruti Suzuki India Limited, said, "Today, Indian buyers have a clear inclination towards feature-loaded, safe, comfortable and easy to own entry-level cars. The S-Presso has been able to carve out its own niche in the entry segment. The S-Presso stands apart to offer unique experiences to its distinct customers in the segment. We are enthused with the response and thank our customers for their confidence in the S-Presso."
Powering the S-Presso is a 1.0-litre 3-cylinder petrol engine that produces 68PS and 90Nm of torque. The engine comes mated to a 5-speed manual gearbox and an AMT. In the segment, the Maruti Suzuki S-Presso rivals the Renault Kwid and the Mahindra KUV100.
Speaking of trims, the S-Presso is available in four trim levels - Std, LXi, VXi, VXi (AMT), VXi +, VXi (AMT). Headlong features for the S-Presso include the aforementioned infotainment system compatible with Android Auto and Apple CarPlay, keyless entry and go, front power windows, steering mounted audio controls, and a multi-info display in the instrumentation.
Also Read,
Maruti Suzuki S-Presso First Drive Review
Maruti Suzuki and Toyota form JV to dismantle and recycle scrapped vehicles in India
Toyota could use Maruti Suzuki CNG tech in India


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Backbone Recipes
Foursquare Pagination
Google Pagination
Recipes for Backbone.js
Useful recipes for using backbone.js in real life.


I played football in high school.
I drive a lifted chevy truck.
My favorite food is steak cooked well done.
I always have a beer after work.
I am a roofer.
"The machine learning model created a consistent persona based on these few lines of bio.
You can now chat with this persona below."
{% block content %}
{% for message in form.seed.errors %}
{{ message }}
{% endfor %}
{% endblock %}


None.
The patient was placed supine on the fluoroscopy table. The balloon of the French gastrostomy tube was deflated and the tube was removed.
A new French gastrostomy tube was inserted to the percutaneous tract. The new gastrostomy tube balloon was inflated with dilute contrast material and pulled firmly up against the anterior abdominal wall. Contrast was then injected through the tube to confirm tube placement within the stomach. The external rubber bumper was then adjusted to approximately 3 mm from the skin surface and secured with a cable tie. The tube was flushed with water.
Fluoroscopy time: minutes
Fluoroscopically-guided exchange of percutaneous gastrostomy tube. The tube is ready for immediate use.


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All publications
International Standards on Combating Money Laundering and the Financing of Terrorism & Proliferation
Jurisdictions for which an FATF call for action applies
Other monitored jurisdictions


US urges South Korea and Japan to 'work through' differences
SEOUL: US allies South Korea and Japan should settle their differences to maintain a military intelligence-sharing pact, Washington's Defense Secretary Mark Esper urged on Friday (Nov 15), calling on Seoul to reverse its decision to end it.
The neighbours are embroiled in a trade row stemming from long-running disputes over wartime history, and Seoul announced in August it would terminate the General Security of Military Agreement (GSOMIA) when it expires next week.
"GSOMIA is an important tool by which Korea, the United States and Japan share effective and timely information, particularly in times of war," Esper said in Seoul, where he was beginning an Asian tour.
"The only ones who benefit from expiration of GSOMIA and continued friction between Seoul and Tokyo are Pyongyang and Beijing," he told reporters.
"We urge all sides to sit down and work through their differences."
READ: Japan wants 'sensible response' from South Korea over intelligence pact
Seoul and Tokyo are both major US allies, democracies and market economies faced with an overbearing China and wayward, nuclear-armed North Korea.
But their relationship is heavily coloured by territorial and historical disputes stemming from Japan's bitterly-resented 35-year colonial rule over the peninsula in the early 20th century, including the use of wartime sex slaves and forced labour.
The current tit-for-tat row was triggered by South Korean court rulings against Japanese companies and has seen the neighbours remove each other from their lists of trusted trade partners.
Speaking alongside Esper at a joint press conference, his South Korean counterpart Jeong Kyeong-doo blamed Tokyo for Seoul's decision to end the agreement.
"Japan imposed trade restrictions and removed South Korea from its white list, saying it can't trust Seoul for issues surrounding security," he said.
Seoul had urged Washington to make "active efforts" to persuade Tokyo to settle the trade issue before it could reconsider the GSOMIA decision, he said.
The US stations 28,500 troops in the South to defend it against the North, which invaded in 1950, triggering the Korean war, and the Trump administration is demanding Seoul increase its contributions to their costs.
A rise was "crucial", Esper said, saying the South "is a wealthy country and could and should pay more to offset the cost of defence".
The US is reportedly demanding a fivefold increase in the payments to nearly $5 billion a year.
Seoul has baulked at the figure and Jeong said that burden-sharing had been "fair and reasonable" so far and should remain so, albeit at a level that would "improve" the alliance.


WITNESS LIST Appropriations-S/C on Criminal Justice Committee February 19, 2003-8:00A Budget For: Cates, Sheryl (Texas Council on Family Violence) Oliver, Julie (Self and Texas Rural Legal Aid; Lone Star Legal Aid) Oliver, Julie (cont'd) (Self and West Texas Legal Services; Legal Services of North Texas; Texas Legal Services Center) Speight, Susan (Self and Texas Association for Marriage and Family Therapy) On: Abbott, Greg (Office of the Attorney General) Bryant, Cynthia (Office of the Attorney General, Child Support Division) Fryar, Steve (Youth Commission) Lippincott, Chris (Texas Association Against Sexual Assault) McCullough, Don (Youth Commission) Millholland, Herman (Office of the Attorney General) Robinson, Steve (Youth Commission) White, Kelly (Safe Place) Zieschang, Beckie (Office of the Attorney General)


environment
design
innovation
hacking
education
-
Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s needs, but not every man’s greed. ― Mahatma Gandhi
Not everything that can be counted counts, and not everything that counts can be counted. — Albert Einstein
Let’s go invent tomorrow instead of worrying about what happened yesterday. — Steve Jobs
Talk is cheap. Show me the code. — Linus Torvalds
An investment in knowledge pays the best interest. — Ben Franklin
DETERMINED
As a passionate and determined computer science student, I'm eager to make a positive impact in the world.
I love hacking web and mobile apps. And I'm passionate about net neutrality, internet security, and the powers of data science.
In my spare time, I enjoy:
- playing piano
- exercising
- playing Settlers of Catan
- watching Miyasaki films


In this section we will introduce how to use docker to build a container and run a localhost server.
Docker, as a platform leverages containers – packages of an application along with all the tools it needs to run to eliminate differences between environments, could help our work easier beginning today by helping us reduce operating costs and accelerate deployments – among other benefits.
This containerized software will operate and can be managed consistently regardless of where it is installed. Additionally, containers are much easier to set up, start, stop, and maintain than good old virtual machines. Of course, if you’re interested in knowing more about the differences between these two technologies, the official Docker website provides a great explanation.
Step 1: One of the amazing things about the Docker ecosystem is that there are tens of standard containers that you can easily download and use. In the following example we will instantiate an Apache 2.4 container named tecmint-web, detached from the current terminal. We will use an image called httpd:2.4 from Docker Hub. Our plan is to have requests made to our public IP address on port 8080 be redirected to port 80 on the container. Also, instead of serving content from the container itself, we will serve a simple web page from /home/user/website. We do this by mapping /home/user/website/ on the /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ on the container. Note that you will need to use sudo or log in as root to proceed, and do not omit the forward slashes at the end of each directory.
# sudo docker run -dit --name tecmint-web -p 8080:80 -v /home/user/website/:/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ httpd:2.4
Step 2: Now let’s create a simple web page named docker.html inside /home/user/website directory.
# vim /home/user/website/docker.html
Step 3: Next, point your browser to ***. ***. ***. ***:8080/docker.html (where ***. ***. ***. *** is your host’s public IP address or localhost ip). You should be presented with the page we created previously.


A task that grabs all lesson notes, homework, and linked standards between two dates and saves them in json format.
Start Date
End Date
Output File
Begin Task