--- layout: page title: "Scala in Depth" prev: kindle_split_006.html next: kindle_split_008.html book_path: books/scala-in-depth-joshua-d-suereth--_oeb/ --- {% include JB/setup %} {% raw %}
Scala in Depth is a practical guide to using Scala with deep dives into necessary topics. This book, picking up where introductory books drop off, enables readers to write idiomatic Scala code and understand trade-offs when making use of advanced language features. In particular, this book covers Scala’s implicit and type systems in detail before discussing how these can be used to drastically simplify development. The book promotes the “blended style” of Scala, where paradigms are mixed to achieve something greater.
Scala in Depth is for new or intermediate Scala developers who wish to improve their skills with the language. While this book covers very advanced concepts in Scala, it attempts to pull along those new to Scala.
This book was written for readers who know Java or another object-oriented language. Prior experience with Scala is helpful but not required. It covers Scala 2.7.x through Scala 2.9.x.
Scala in Depth begins with a philosophical discussion of the “xen” of Scala—that Scala is a blending of concepts that achieve a greater whole when combined. In particular, three dichotomies are discussed: static typing versus expressiveness, functional programming versus object-oriented programming, and powerful language features versus dead simple Java integration.
Chapter 2 is a discussion of the core rules of Scala. These are the things that every Scala developer should be aware of and make use of in daily development. This chapter is for every Scala developer and covers the basics that make Scala a great language.
Chapter 3 is a digression in code style and associated issues. Scala brings a few new players to the table, and any Scala style guide should reflect that. Some common conventions from popular languages like Ruby and Java can actually be deterrents to good Scala code.
Chapter 4 covers new issues arising in object-oriented design due to Scala’s mixin inheritance. One topic of interest to any Scala developer is the early initializer coverage, which gets little coverage in other books.
After object orientation, the book moves into the implicit system. In chapter 5, rather than simply discussing best practices, a deep dive is taken into the mechanics of implicits in Scala. This chapter is a must for all Scala developers who wish to write expressive libraries and code.
Chapter 6 is devoted to Scala’s type system. The discussion covers all the ways types appear in Scala and how to utilize the type system to enforce constraints. The chapter moves into a discussion of higher-kinded types and finishes with a dive into existential types.
Chapter 7 discusses the most advanced usage patterns in the language, the intersection of types and implicits. This intersection is where a lot of interesting and powerful abstractions occur, the epitome of which is the type class pattern.
Having covered the most advanced aspects of Scala, in chapter 8 we move into a discussion of Scala’s collection library. This includes the design and performance of Scala’s collections as well as how to deal with the powerful type mechanisms.
Chapter 9 kicks off the discussion on actors in Scala. Actors are a concurrency mechanism that can provide great throughput and parallelism when used appropriately. The chapter dives into issues of designing actor-based systems and finishes with a demonstration of how the Akka actors library provides best practices by default.
Chapter 10 covers Java integration with Scala. While Scala is more compatible with Java than most other JVM languages, there’s still a mismatch in features between the two. It’s at these corners that issues arise in Scala-Java integration and this chapter provides a few simple rules that help avoid these issues.
Chapter 11 takes concepts from category theory and makes them practical. In pure functional programming, a lot of concepts from category theory have been applied to code. These are akin to object-oriented design patterns, but far more abstract. While they have terrible names, as is common in mathematics, these concepts are immensely useful in practice. No coverage of functional programming would be complete without a discussion of some of these abstractions, and Scala in Depth does its best to make these concepts real.
All source code in the book is in a fixed-width font like this, which sets it off from the surrounding text. In many listings, the code is annotated to point out the key concepts. I have tried to format the code so that it fits within the available page space in the book by adding line breaks and using indentation carefully. Sometimes, however, very long lines include line-continuation markers.
Source code for all the working examples is available from www.manning.com/ScalainDepth and at https://github.com/jsuereth/scala-in-depth-source. To run the examples, readers should have Scala installed and, optionally, SBT (http://scalasbt.org).
Code examples appear throughout this book. Longer listings appear under clear listing headers; shorter listings appear between lines of text.
Purchase of Scala in Depth includes free access to a private web forum run by Manning Publications where you can make comments about the book, ask technical questions, and receive help from the authors and from other users. To access the forum and subscribe to it, point your web browser to www.manning.com/ScalainDepth. This page provides information on how to get on the forum once you’re registered, what kind of help is available, and the rules of conduct on the forum.
Manning’s commitment to our readers is to provide a venue where a meaningful dialog between individual readers and between readers and the authors can take place. It’s not a commitment to any specific amount of participation on the part of the authors, whose contribution to the AO forum remains voluntary (and unpaid). We suggest you try asking the author some challenging questions lest his interest stray.
The Author Online forum and the archives of previous discussions will be accessible from the publisher’s website as long as the book is in print.
Josh Suereth is a Senior Software Engineer at Typesafe Inc., the company behind Scala. He has been a Scala enthusiast since he came to know this beautiful language in 2007. He started his professional career as a software developer in 2004, cutting his teeth with C++, STL, and Boost. Around the same time, Java fever was spreading and his interest was migrating to web-hosted distributed Java-delivered solutions to aid health departments in the discovery of disease outbreaks.
He introduced Scala into his company code base in 2007, and soon after he was infected by Scala fever, contributing to the Scala IDE, maven-scala-plugin and Scala itself. Today, Josh is the author of several open source Scala projects, including the Scala automated resource management library and the PGP sbt plugin, as well as contributing to key components in the Scala ecosystem, like the maven-scala-plugin. His current work at Typesafe Inc., has him doing everything from building MSIs to profiling performance issues.
Josh regularly shares his expertise in articles and talks. He likes short walks on the beach and dark beer.


{% include ecosystem_sort.html %}
{% assign ecosystem = site.ecosystem | sample: site.ecosystem.size %}
{% for item in ecosystem %}
{% endfor %}
Have a project you want featured?


flibs/m_vfile(n) 1.0 "flibs"
flibs/m_vfile - Processing files
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
OVERVIEW
Portability
How to use it
Error management
Intel Fortran portability
RENAME and GETCWD fortran extension
Dynamic or static buffer
Preprocessing
Example of compiler settings
METHODS
STATIC METHODS
COPYRIGHT
| vfile_rootname ( filename) result ( rootname ) |
| vfile_rootname ( filename) result ( rootname ) |
| vfile_extension ( filename) result ( extension ) |
| vfile_extension ( filename) result ( extension ) |
| vfile_tail ( filename) result ( filetail ) |
| vfile_tail ( filename) result ( filetail ) |
| vfile_dirname ( filename) result ( dirname ) |
| vfile_dirname ( filename) result ( dirname ) |
| vfile_first_separator_index ( filename) result ( sepindex ) |
| vfile_first_separator_index ( filename) result ( sepindex ) |
| vfile_last_separator_index ( filename) result ( sepindex ) |
| vfile_last_separator_index ( filename) result ( sepindex ) |
| vfile_join ( dirname filename) result ( fullname ) |
| vfile_join ( dirname , filename) result ( fullname ) |
| vfile_add_extension ( filename , extension ) result ( newname ) |
| vfile_separator ( ) result ( separator ) |
| vfile_pwd ( pwd ?, status? ) |
| vfile_exists ( filename ) result ( exists ) |
| vfile_exists ( filename ) result ( exists ) |
| vfile_rename ( filename , newfn ?, status? ) |
| vfile_rename ( filename , newfn ?, status? ) |
| vfile_copy ( filename , targetfn ?, status? ?, mode? ?, force? ?, trimline? ) |
| vfile_copy ( filename , targetfn ?, status? ?, mode? ?, force? ?, trimline? ) |
| vfile_delete ( filename ?, force? ?, status? ) |
| vfile_delete ( filename ?, force? ?, status? ) |
| vfile_isdirectory ( filename) result ( isdirectory ) |
| vfile_isdirectory ( filename) result ( isdirectory ) |
| vfile_isfile ( filename) result ( isfile ) |
| vfile_isfile ( filename) result ( isfile ) |
| vfile_size ( filename ?, status?) result ( vfile_size ) |
| vfile_size ( filename ?, status?) result ( vfile_size ) |
| vfile_atime ( filename ?, status?) result ( vfile_atime ) |
| vfile_atime ( filename ?, status?) result ( vfile_atime ) |
| vfile_mtime ( filename ?, status?) result ( vfile_mtime ) |
| vfile_mtime ( filename ?, status?) result ( vfile_mtime ) |
| vfile_normalize ( filename ) result ( vfile_normalize ) |
| vfile_normalize ( filename ) result ( vfile_normalize ) |
| vfile_find ( ?basedir? ) result ( listOfFiles ) |
| vfile_find ( basedir ) result ( listOfFiles ) |
| vfile_find ( ?basedir? , filtercmd ) result ( listOfFiles ) |
| vfile_find ( basedir , filtercmd ) result ( listOfFiles ) |
| vfile_findbypattern ( ?basedir? , pattern ) result ( listOfFiles ) |
| vfile_findbypattern ( ?basedir? , pattern ) result ( listOfFiles ) |
| vfile_listfiles ( ?directory? ?, filetypes? ?, pattern? ?, tails?) result ( listOfFiles ) |
| vfile_listfiles ( directory ?, filetypes? ?, pattern? ?, tails?) result ( listOfFiles ) |
| vfile_type ( filename ?, status?) result ( filetype ) |
| vfile_type ( filename ?, status?) result ( filetype ) |
| vfile_split ( filename) result ( listOfComponents ) |
| vfile_split ( filename) result ( listOfComponents ) |
| vfile_touch ( filename ?, status?) |
| vfile_touch ( filename ?, status?) |
| vfile_pathtype ( filename) result ( pathtype ) |
| vfile_pathtype ( filename) result ( pathtype ) |
| vfile_nativename ( filename) result ( nativename ) |
| vfile_nativename ( filename) result ( nativename ) |
| vfile_mkdir ( filename ?, status?) |
| vfile_mkdir ( filename ?, status?) |
| vfile_open ( filename ?, fileunit? ?, iostat? ?, status? ?, access? ?, form? ?, recl? ?, blank? ?, position? ?, action? ?, delim? ?, pad?) result ( fileunit_real ) |
| vfile_open ( filename ?, fileunit? ?, iostat? ?, status? ?, access? ?, form? ?, recl? ?, blank? ?, position? ?, action? ?, delim? ?, pad?) result ( fileunit_real ) |
| vfile_startup () |
| vfile_shutdown () |
| vfile_set_stoponerror ( stoponerror ) |
| vfile_tempdir () result ( tempdir ) |
| vfile_tempfile result ( tempfile ) |
| vfile_volumes result ( listofvolumes ) |
|
The module m_vfile provides OO services to process files and directories.
This component is based on a dynamic strings so that the
file or directory name may be defined with no limit in the
number of characters.
This component allows to manage the file system, by providing
services to create, move and destroy files and directories, and
to get informations about files and directories.
The services provided are based either on standard fortran,
or on fortran extensions.
One of the main interest of this component is to separate
the client-side application from platform-specific file
management or from compiler-specific fortran extensions.
This separation is possible because m_vfile
deals for the platform directly, by using the m_platform
module. This allows to design a client source code which
portable on several operating systems (for example windows,
linux) without any change. For example, the several file
separators used on the various operating systems are taken
into account internally : "/" on linux systems, "\" on
windows systems and ":" on Mac OS.
The portability is also ensured with respect to the
fortran compiler used to create the executable.
All fortran compilers provide commands to rename the files
or get the working directory. But not all fortran compilers
define these commands the same way : some provide subroutines,
some provide functions, etc... The current component can
be configured at compile-time with pre-processing commands.
This allows to configure the component with compiler
specific settings, to make so that the component know
what features your particular compiler knows about.
<your application> > m_vfile (operating system , fortran compiler) > m_platform (operating system , fortran compiler)
Before using the services provided by m_vfile, the client
code must call vfile_startup which initializes platform-specific
commands. After using these services, the client code should call
vfile_shutdown.
The commands vfile_delete, vfile_copy, vfile_rename
allow to delete, copy and rename files or directories.
To inquire about a file or directory, one can use
vfile_exists or vfile_isdirectory.
In the following example, one creates a new file with vfile_touch,
rename that file and finally delete it.
| |
call vfile_startup ()
call vstring_new ( file , "foo.txt" )
call vfile_touch ( file )
call vfile_rename ( file , "toto.txt" )
call vfile_delete ( file )
call vstring_free ( file )
call vfile_shutdown ()
|
The component makes no differences between file names
and directory names, except for methods which are specific
for file or for directory.
The vfile_separator method returns the platform-specific character
used on the current operating system.
The commands vfile_nativename , vfile_normalize , vfile_pathtype
provide ways to manage file names and paths.
The vfile_nativename function returns the platform-specific name of the file.
The vfile_pathtype command returns one of VFILE_PATHTYPE_ABSOLUTE,
VFILE_PATHTYPE_RELATIVE, VFILE_PATHTYPE_VOLUMERELATIVE which correspond to
the current file. The VFILE_PATHTYPE_VOLUMERELATIVE only exist on
windows. The vfile_normalize command returns a unique normalized
path representation for the file-system object (file, directory, link,
etc), whose string value can be used as a unique identifier for it.
The vfile_split and vfile_join services allows to separate
or concatenate the components of a file. This can be useful
when dealing with relative file or directories.
The vfile_split command splits a file into pieces each time
the platform-specific separator is found.
The vfile_join command concatenate a list of strings with
the platform-specific separator and returns the concatenated
file name.
In the following example, extracted from the unit tests included in flibs,
the file "declaration.txt" is first normalized, so that the normalized
dynamic string may have the value
"/home/bill/flibs/tests/filedir/declaration.txt" under Windows
or "C:/workbench/flibs/tests/filedir/declaration.txt" under Linux.
Then the file name is split into a list of strings, for example "home",
"bill", "flibs", "tests", "filedir", "declaration.txt".
The number of strings in the list is then computed with the method
vstrlist_length.
| |
use m_vstring
use m_vstringlist
use m_vfile
type ( t_vstring ) :: normalized
type ( t_vstringlist ) :: listOfFiles
integer :: numberOfStrings
normalized = vfile_normalize ( "declaration.txt" )
listOfFiles = vfile_split ( normalized )
numberOfStrings = vstrlist_length ( listOfFiles )
|
One particularly useful command when dealing with files is
vfile_findbypattern. The command takes a string as an input
file pattern. It then computes the list of all files which
match that pattern. The string matching system is based on
the vstring_match method of the m_vstring module.
In the following example, extracted again from the unit tests
of flibs, one computes the list of files in the directory "testfindbypattern"
matching the pattern "*dec*.txt".
| |
type ( t_vstringlist ) :: listOfFiles
listOfFiles = vfile_findbypattern ( "testfindbypattern" , pattern = "*dec*.txt" )
|
The file management may raise errors, for example when the
user want to rename a file which does not exist.
Many of the provided commands have an optional integer output
argument "status" which is zero when no error occurred
and non-zero in case of error.
If the status argument is not provided and an error is generated,
then the program stops and a message is displayed on standard
output.
These are the public error flags that the current component may generate :
| |
VFILE_ERROR_OK
VFILE_ERROR_UNABLE_TO_OPEN_SOURCE
VFILE_ERROR_UNABLE_TO_OPEN_TARGET
VFILE_ERROR_UNABLE_TO_WRITE_TARGET
VFILE_ERROR_SOURCE_FILE_DOES_NOT_EXIST
|
Several methods of this component are based on Fortran extensions,
which requires compiler-specific settings.
For Intel Fortran compiler, the current implementation was based on
IFPORT.F90 file in the Intel release for details on the interfaces provided.
If the client code use these routines, it must define the pre-processing
macro _VFILE_INTEL_FORTRAN_PORTABILITY_ROUTINES
Depending on the compiler, the "RENAME" fortran extension is
provided as a subroutine or a function.
For example, this is a short list of compilers and their particular
RENAME provided :
- function : Intel Fortran, g95
- subroutine : gfortran
To inform the m_vfile module of the particular RENAME extension,
one of the following pre-processing macro must be defined :
- _VFILE_RENAME_FUNCTION
- _VFILE_RENAME_SUBROUTINE
The same situation happens with the GETCWD fortran extension.
To inform the m_vfile module of the particular GETCWD extension,
one of the following pre-processing macro must be defined :
- _VFILE_GETCWD_FUNCTION
- _VFILE_GETCWD_SUBROUTINE
The internal algorithms provided by m_vstrings are based on
basic fortran character strings. In several situations, the
dynamic vstring has to be converted into a basic fortran character
buffer string, which size has to be given explicitly in the source
code, with "character ( len = <something>)" statement.
Two solutions are provided, and the user can define the pre-processing macro
_VFILE_STATIC_BUFFER to configure that :
- the first solution is to set the size of the buffer statically,
to a constant integer value VSTRING_BUFFER_SIZE.
- the second solution is to compute the size
of the buffer dynamically, with the fortran 90 len = vstring_length(this)
statement.
If the _VFILE_STATIC_BUFFER is defined, then character strings of
constant size are used as buffers.
If the _VFILE_STATIC_BUFFER is not defined (which is the default),
then character strings of dynamic size are used as buffers.
The second solution is more efficient, because the strings are not
oversized or undersized, depending on the real number of characters
in the dynamic string. But the feature may not be provided
by the compiler at hand. For example, problems with the dynamic
length character string have been experienced with Intel Fortran 8.
The following preprocessing macro must be considered :
- _VFILE_STATIC_BUFFER : see the section "Dynamic or static buffer"
- _VFILE_RENAME_FUNCTION or _VFILE_RENAME_SUBROUTINE : see the section "RENAME and GETCWD fortran extension"
- _VFILE_GETCWD_FUNCTION or _VFILE_GETCWD_SUBROUTINE : see the section "RENAME and GETCWD fortran extension"
This is an abstract of all macros for several compilers.
Compiler : Intel Fortran V8.0
- _VFILE_INTEL_FORTRAN_PORTABILITY_ROUTINES
- _VFILE_RENAME_FUNCTION
- _VFILE_STATIC_BUFFER
- _VFILE_GETCWD_FUNCTION
Compiler : g95
- _VFILE_RENAME_FUNCTION
- _VFILE_GETCWD_FUNCTION
Compiler : gfortran
- _VFILE_RENAME_SUBROUTINE
- _VFILE_GETCWD_SUBROUTINE
- vfile_rootname ( filename) result ( rootname )
-
- type ( t_vstring ) , intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: rootname
-
Returns the name without the extension (if any), that is,
The part of the name _before_ the last "." in filename or the whole name
if no "." is present in filename.
Example : if filename is "declaration.txt", the file root name is "declaration".
- vfile_rootname ( filename) result ( rootname )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: rootname
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_extension ( filename) result ( extension )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: extension
-
Returns the extension (if any), that is the part of the name
after and including the last "." or empty if none
present. Example : if filename is "declaration.txt", the file extension is ".txt".
- vfile_extension ( filename) result ( extension )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: extension
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_tail ( filename) result ( filetail )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: filetail
-
Returns all of the characters in name after the last directory separator.
If filename contains no separators then returns filename.
Example : if filename is "dir1/declaration.txt", the file tail is "declaration.txt".
- vfile_tail ( filename) result ( filetail )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: filetail
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_dirname ( filename) result ( dirname )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: dirname
-
Return the directory, that is, the part of the name before
the last directory separator.
Example : if filename is "dir1/declaration.txt", the directory name
is "dir1".
- vfile_dirname ( filename) result ( dirname )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: dirname
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_first_separator_index ( filename) result ( sepindex )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer :: sepindex
-
Returns the index of the first separator in the given filename
or 0 if there is no separator in the given file name.
- vfile_first_separator_index ( filename) result ( sepindex )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer :: sepindex
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_last_separator_index ( filename) result ( sepindex )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer :: sepindex
-
Returns the index of the last separator in the given filename
or 0 if there is no separator in the given file name.
- vfile_last_separator_index ( filename) result ( sepindex )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer :: sepindex
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_join ( dirname filename) result ( fullname )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: dirname
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: fullname
-
Join the current file with the given file name,
using the platform-specific separator as the joining character.
The result is always canonical for the current platform: / for
Unix and Windows, and : for Macintosh.
If a particular name is relative, then it will be joined to the previous
file name argument. Otherwise, any earlier arguments will be discarded,
and joining will proceed from the current argument.
- vfile_join ( dirname , filename) result ( fullname )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: dirname
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: fullname
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_add_extension ( filename , extension ) result ( newname )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: extension
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: newname
-
Return a new file name with the given extension concatenated.
If the given file name ends with a dot and the given extension begins
with a dot, only one dot is kept.
Note that the extension of one file begins with a dot : ".txt" is a file
extension while "txt" is not.
- vfile_separator ( ) result ( separator )
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: separator
-
Return the native separator for the current platform
The separator depends on the platform :
- "/" on Unix, Linux systems,
- "\" on Windows systems,
- ":" on Macintosh.
- vfile_pwd ( pwd ?, status? )
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: pwd
-
- integer , intent(out) , optional :: status
-
Returns the name of the current directory by using the fortran
extension GETCWD.
The separator used here is the platform-independent "/".
- vfile_exists ( filename ) result ( exists )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- logical :: exists
-
Returns .true. if file name exists, .false. otherwise.
- vfile_exists ( filename ) result ( exists )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- logical :: exists
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_rename ( filename , newfn ?, status? )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: newfn
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
Renames the file ofdln to newfn by using the RENAME fortran extension.
If status is supplied, it contains 0 on success or nonzero error code
upon return.
- vfile_rename ( filename , newfn ?, status? )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: newfn
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
Same as previous but with newfn as a character string.
- vfile_copy ( filename , targetfn ?, status? ?, mode? ?, force? ?, trimline? )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: targetfn
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
- character(len=*), intent(in), optional :: mode
-
- logical, intent(in) , optional :: force
-
- logical, intent(in) , optional :: trimline
-
Copy the ascii file ofdln to targetfn.
If the source file does not exists, generates an error.
If the target file allready exists and force option is undefined
or defined to false, generates an error.
If status is supplied, it contains 0 on success or nonzero error code
upon return
- status = 1 when one was unable to open the source file
- status = 2 when one was unable to open the target file
- status = 3 when there was a problem while writing the target file
- status = 4 when the source file does not exist
If mode is not supplied or supplied and equals to "system", then
the copy is made using an operating system command.
If mode is supplied and equals to "ascii", then the copy is made using standard
fortran.
The force option is available only in "ascii" mode.
If force is supplied and true, if the target file allready exists, delete it before
making the copy.
The trimline option is available only in "ascii" mode.
If trimline is supplied and true, or not supplied, the lines of
the file copy are trimmed.
If trimline is supplied and false, the number of columns in the file copy are all
of maximum possible length.
The "ascii" mode may not behave as expected :
- The maximum number of columns in the source filename is 1000.
- After execution, the target file is not an exact copy of the source file.
Because of the fortran format used, all the lines of the target file are of length 1000 :
blank spaces are appended at the end of the string.
- vfile_copy ( filename , targetfn ?, status? ?, mode? ?, force? ?, trimline? )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: targetfn
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
- character(len=*), intent(in), optional :: mode
-
- logical, intent(in) , optional :: force
-
- logical, intent(in) , optional :: trimline
-
Same as previous but with targetfn as a character string.
- vfile_delete ( filename ?, force? ?, status? )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- logical, intent(in) , optional :: force
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
Removes the file or directory filename.
Non-empty directories will be removed only if the force option is specified.
If force is supplied and true, forces to delete the directory, even if it is empty.
If force is not supplied or supplied and false, the directory is not deleted if it is empty.
If status is supplied, it contains 0 on success or nonzero error code
upon return.
- vfile_delete ( filename ?, force? ?, status? )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- logical, intent(in) , optional :: force
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_isdirectory ( filename) result ( isdirectory )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- logical :: isdirectory
-
Returns .true. if file name is a directory, .false. otherwise.
- vfile_isdirectory ( filename) result ( isdirectory )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- logical :: isdirectory
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_isfile ( filename) result ( isfile )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- logical :: isfile
-
Returns .true. if file name is a file, .false. otherwise.
- vfile_isfile ( filename) result ( isfile )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- logical :: isfile
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_size ( filename ?, status?) result ( vfile_size )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
- integer :: vfile_size
-
Returns .true. if file name is a file, .false. otherwise.
Returns an integer giving the size of file name in bytes.
If the file doesn't exist or its size cannot be queried then an error is generated.
If status is supplied, it contains 0 on success or nonzero error code
upon return.
- vfile_size ( filename ?, status?) result ( vfile_size )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
- integer :: vfile_size
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_atime ( filename ?, status?) result ( vfile_atime )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
- integer :: vfile_atime
-
Returns an integer representing the time at which file name was last accessed.
If status is supplied, it contains 0 on success or nonzero error code
upon return.
- vfile_atime ( filename ?, status?) result ( vfile_atime )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
- integer :: vfile_atime
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_mtime ( filename ?, status?) result ( vfile_mtime )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
- integer :: vfile_mtime
-
Returns an integer representing the time at which file name was last modified.
If status is supplied, it contains 0 on success or nonzero error code
upon return.
- vfile_mtime ( filename ?, status?) result ( vfile_mtime )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
- integer :: vfile_mtime
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_normalize ( filename ) result ( vfile_normalize )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: vfile_normalize
-
Returns a unique normalized path representation for the
file-system object (file, directory, link, etc), whose string
value can be used as a unique identifier for it. A normalized path
is an absolute path which has all '../', './' removed. Also it is one which
is in the ``standard'' format for the native platform.
On Windows or Mac, any platform-specific separator in the path
is replaced by the platform-independent separator "/".
On Windows it also means we want the long form with that form's
case-dependence (which gives us a unique, case-dependent path).
- vfile_normalize ( filename ) result ( vfile_normalize )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: vfile_normalize
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_find ( ?basedir? ) result ( listOfFiles )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in), optional :: basedir
-
- type ( t_vstringlist ) :: listOfFiles
-
An implementation of the unix command find.
Returns a list of files or directories which are located in the
given basedir directory, and, recursively, in all sub-directories.
Each file in the resulting list has a path relative to the given
basedir directory.
If basedir is provided, this is the name of the base directory into which the search is done.
If basedir is not provided, the current directory is used by default.
- vfile_find ( basedir ) result ( listOfFiles )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: basedir
-
- type ( t_vstringlist ) :: listOfFiles
-
Same as previous but with basedir as a character string.
- vfile_find ( ?basedir? , filtercmd ) result ( listOfFiles )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in), optional :: basedir
-
- type ( t_vstringlist ) :: listOfFiles
-
| |
interface
function filtercmd ( filename ) result ( keepfile )
use m_vstring, only : t_vstring
type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
logical :: keepfile
end function filtercmd
end interface |
An implementation of the unix command find.
Returns a list of files or directories which are located in the
given basedir directory, and, recursively, in all sub-directories.
Each file in the resulting list has a path relative to the given
basedir directory.
If basedir is provided, this is the name of the base directory into which the search is done.
If basedir is not provided, the current directory is used by default.
The filtercmd command, if provided, is interpreted as a command prefix and
one argument is passed to it, the name of the file or directory find is currently
looking at. Note that this name is not fully qualified. It has to be joined it with
the result of pwd to get an absolute filename. The result of filtercmd is a boolean value
that indicates if the current file should be included in the list of interesting files.
- vfile_find ( basedir , filtercmd ) result ( listOfFiles )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: basedir
-
- type ( t_vstringlist ) :: listOfFiles
-
| |
interface
function filtercmd ( filename ) result ( keepfile )
use m_vstring, only : t_vstring
type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
logical :: keepfile
end function filtercmd
end interface |
Same as previous but with basedir as a character string.
- vfile_findbypattern ( ?basedir? , pattern ) result ( listOfFiles )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in), optional :: basedir
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: pattern
-
- type ( t_vstringlist ) :: listOfFiles
-
Returns a list of files which match the given pattern.
Internally, this command is based on vfile_find, with a particular filter command applied.
If basedir is provided, this is the name of the base directory into which the search is done.
If basedir is not provided, the current directory is used by default.
The pattern is the pattern for the file names (like: *.f90) against which
each file name is compared. The method used for string matching
is vstring_match, so that all features available is vstring_match are
available in vfile_findbypattern.
- vfile_findbypattern ( ?basedir? , pattern ) result ( listOfFiles )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in), optional :: basedir
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: pattern
-
- type ( t_vstringlist ) :: listOfFiles
-
Same as previous but with basedir and pattern as a character string.
- vfile_listfiles ( ?directory? ?, filetypes? ?, pattern? ?, tails?) result ( listOfFiles )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in), optional :: basedir
-
- type ( t_vstringlist ), intent(in), optional :: pattern
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in), optional :: pattern
-
- logical, intent(in), optional :: tails
-
- type ( t_vstringlist ) :: listOfFiles
-
Returns a list of files in one directory.
Only the file tails are in the list.
If directory is provided, the directory into which the list is to be computed.
If directory is not provided, the current directory is used and only the file names are file tails.
If directory is provided, the computed files names are relative and begin with the given
directory (following the template directory/filetail).
If filetypes is provided, only list files or directories which match filetypes,
with d (directory), f (plain file).
If filetypes is not provided, the filetypes "d" , "f" list is used.
If pattern is provided, only list files which match the given pattern.
If pattern is not provided, the "*" pattern is used.
The vstring_match command is used to compare the file against the pattern so that
all the pattern types available in vstring_match are available in vfile_listfiles.
If tails is provided and true, only return the part of each file found
which follows the last directory named in directory.
Thus the statement
| |
listoffiles = vfile_listfile ( tails = .true. , directory = directory , pattern = "*" )
|
is equivalent to
| |
call vfile_pwd ( cwd )
call vstrplatform_cd ( directory )
listoffiles = vfile_listfile ( tails = .true. , pattern = "*" )
call vstrplatform_cd ( cwd )
|
If tails is provided and false, or not provided, the files are left as specified by the
directory argument.
- vfile_listfiles ( directory ?, filetypes? ?, pattern? ?, tails?) result ( listOfFiles )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: basedir
-
- type ( t_vstringlist ), intent(in), optional :: pattern
-
- character(len=*), intent(in), optional :: pattern
-
- logical, intent(in), optional :: tails
-
- type ( t_vstringlist ) :: listOfFiles
-
Same as previous but with directory and pattern as a character string.
- vfile_type ( filename ?, status?) result ( filetype )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer , intent(out), optional :: status
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: filetype
-
Returns a string giving the type of file name, which will be one of "file" or "directory".
If status is provided and the file type could be computed,
the status is set to 0.
If status is provided and the file type could not be computed,
the status is set to VFILE_ERROR_UNKNOWN_FILE_TYPE.
If status is not provided and the file type could not be computed,
an error is generated.
- vfile_type ( filename ?, status?) result ( filetype )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer , intent(out), optional :: status
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: filetype
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_split ( filename) result ( listOfComponents )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstringlist ) :: listOfComponents
-
Returns a list of strings where elements are the path components in name.
- vfile_split ( filename) result ( listOfComponents )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- type ( t_vstringlist ) :: listOfComponents
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_touch ( filename ?, status?)
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
Implementation of touch. Alter the atime and mtime of the specified files.
If status is supplied, it contains 0 on success or nonzero error code
upon return.
If status is not provided and the process could not be done,
an error is generated.
- vfile_touch ( filename ?, status?)
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_pathtype ( filename) result ( pathtype )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer :: pathtype
-
Returns one of VFILE_PATHTYPE_ABSOLUTE, VFILE_PATHTYPE_RELATIVE, VFILE_PATHTYPE_VOLUMERELATIVE.
If filename refers to a specific file on a specific volume, the path
type will be absolute. If filename refers to a file relative to the current
working directory, then the path type will be relative. If name refers to
a file relative to the current working directory on a specified volume, or to
a specific file on the current working volume, then the path type is volumerelative.
Examples :
- "." is relative on all platforms
- ".." is relative on all platforms
- "/" is absolute on Linux/Unix
- "C:/" is absolute on Windows (if the C:/ exists)
- "/" is volumerelative on windows and refers to the current volume (for example C:/)
- "toto.txt" is relative on all platforms
- "./toto.txt" is relative on all platforms
- vfile_pathtype ( filename) result ( pathtype )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer :: pathtype
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_nativename ( filename) result ( nativename )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- ( t_vstring ) :: nativename
-
Returns the platform-specific name of the file.
filename is useful if the filename is needed to pass to a platform-specific
call, such as the execution of a system command under Windows or
AppleScript on the Macintosh.
- vfile_nativename ( filename) result ( nativename )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- ( t_vstring ) :: nativename
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_mkdir ( filename ?, status?)
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
Create a directory.
If status is supplied, it contains 0 on success or nonzero error code
upon return.
If status is not provided and the process could not be done,
an error is generated.
- vfile_mkdir ( filename ?, status?)
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: status
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_open ( filename ?, fileunit? ?, iostat? ?, status? ?, access? ?, form? ?, recl? ?, blank? ?, position? ?, action? ?, delim? ?, pad?) result ( fileunit_real )
-
- type ( t_vstring ), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: fileunit
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: action
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: status
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: access
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: form
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: blank
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: position
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: delim
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: pad
-
- integer , intent(in) , optional :: recl
-
- integer , intent(out) , optional :: iostat
-
- integer :: fileunit_real
-
Open a file and returns the unit associated with the opened file.
The command is based on fortran intrinsic "open".
If the optional argument fileunit is provided, it is used to
open the file.
If not provided, a file unit is automatically computed
on the base of currently free logical units.
Note:
All the options of the intrinsic "open" are provided
with the same behaviour and default values, with some exceptions.
- The file name is mandatory in vfile_open,
even if the "file=" specifier is not mandatory in fortran "open".
This behaviour allows the fortran to manage a status="scratch"
specifier, which provides a way to manage for temporary
files internally. Instead, the m_vfile component provides the
vfile_tempfile service.
- The "err=" option with an error label as argument is not
provided. The client code may use the iostat option instead.
- vfile_open ( filename ?, fileunit? ?, iostat? ?, status? ?, access? ?, form? ?, recl? ?, blank? ?, position? ?, action? ?, delim? ?, pad?) result ( fileunit_real )
-
- character(len=*), intent(in) :: filename
-
- integer, intent(out) , optional :: fileunit
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: action
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: status
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: access
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: form
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: blank
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: position
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: delim
-
- character(len=*) , intent(in) , optional :: pad
-
- integer , intent(in) , optional :: recl
-
- integer , intent(out) , optional :: iostat
-
- integer :: fileunit_real
-
Same as previous but with filename as a character string.
- vfile_startup ()
-
Initialize module internal state.
This routine must be called once before calling any method of the module.
- vfile_shutdown ()
-
Shutdown module internal state.
- vfile_set_stoponerror ( stoponerror )
-
- logical , intent(in) :: stoponerror
-
Configure the behaviour of the component whenever an
error is met.
If stoponerror is true, then the execution stops if an error is encountered.
If stoponerror is false, then the execution continues if an error is encountered.
In both cases, a message is displayed on standard output.
- vfile_tempdir () result ( tempdir )
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: tempdir
-
Returns the temporary directory for the current platform.
The command returns the path of a directory where the caller can
place temporary files, such as "/tmp" on Unix systems.
The algorithm we use to find the correct directory is as follows:
- The directory named in the TMPDIR environment variable.
- The directory named in the TEMP environment variable.
- The directory named in the TMP environment variable.
- A platform specific location:
- Windows
"C:\TEMP", "C:\TMP", "\TEMP", and "\TMP" are tried in that order.
(classic) Macintosh
The TRASH_FOLDER environment variable is used. filename is most likely not correct.
- Unix
The directories "/tmp", "/var/tmp", and "/usr/tmp" are tried in that order.
- vfile_tempfile result ( tempfile )
-
- type ( t_vstring ) :: tempfile
-
Returns the name of a temporary file name suitable for writing to.
The tempfile name is unique, and the file will be writable and
contained in the appropriate system specific temp directory.
- vfile_volumes result ( listofvolumes )
-
- type ( t_vstringlist ) :: listofvolumes
-
Returns the absolute paths to the volumes mounted on the
system, as a proper string list.
On UNIX, the command will always return "/", since all filesystems are
locally mounted.
On Windows, it will return a list of the available
local drives (e.g. {a:/ c:/}).
Note:
With Intel Fortran, the portability routines provide the "GETDRIVESQQ" function,
which returns the list of current drive as a 26 letters string.
Copyright © 2008 Michael Baudin<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Copyright © 2008 Arjen Markus arjenmarkus@sourceforge.net


Escalation in Donbas: Seven Ukraine soldiers wounded amid seven enemy attacks on Nov 20
Since Thursday midnight, Russian-led forces have been observing the ceasefire.
Russia's hybrid military forces on November 20 mounted seven attacks on Ukrainian army positions in Donbas, eastern Ukraine, with seven Ukrainian soldiers reported as wounded in action.
"The armed forces of the Russian Federation and its mercenaries violated the ceasefire seven times on November 20. Seven Ukrainian soldiers were wounded in enemy shelling," the press center of the Joint Forces Operation Headquarters said on Facebook in a morning update on November 21.
The enemy opened fire from 82mm mortars, cannons installed on infantry fighting vehicles, grenade launchers of various types, heavy machine guns, and small arms.
Under attack were Ukrainian positions near the town of Maryinka, and the villages of Berezove, Pyshchevyk, Talakivka, Pivdenne, Hladosove, and Novotoshkivske.
Since Thursday midnight, Russian-led forces have been observing the ceasefire.


AMERICAN PIE 2 A film review by Steve Rhodes Copyright 2001 Steve Rhodes RATING (0 TO ****): ***
Hey, break open a keg. The gang's all here. In James B. Rogers's AMERICAN PIE 2, it's a year later, and everyone has just finished their first year of college. So that they can make it a summer to remember, the guys, Jim (Jason Biggs), Kevin (Thomas Ian Nicholas), Oz (Chris Klein), Finch (Eddie Kaye Thomas) and, most of all, Stifler (Seann William Scott), whose irreverent smart mouth makes the movie, have rented a beachfront house.
In order to remind us of the bawdy incidents that we loved from the first movie, writer Adam Herz begins with a lot of not so subtle references to the original, which the audience laps up. Although no pie is harmed in the making of this movie, you can be sure that Jim will have another encounter that he won't soon forget or be able to live down. As soon as you see the cause of his troubles this time, you'll guess what will happen, but that will in no way detract from your enjoyment of the results. Actually, the two most memorable scenes in AMERICAN PIE 2 are centered on Stifler. One is based on champagne, and another involves men's fantasy of homosexuality -- but only among women.
The director and the editor (Larry Madaras) seem to make just the right choices in knowing how long to stay with a scene and when to cut away. The movie itself feels like a compendium of the best episodes from an entire season of a raunchy cable sitcom.
Not much has changed from when we last saw our studs and would-be studs. Jim worries, correctly, about how bad he is in bed.
Oz has a thing only for Heather (Mena Suvari), who is inconveniently abroad. This leaves them with one almost successful phone sex scene and not much else to do in the movie.
Finch is in training to be the world's greatest lover to his goddess, Stifler's Mom (Jennifer Coolidge). And Kevin wants only the unobtainable Vicky (Tara Reid). They settle by agreeing to be "friends."
Among the story's many gems is the "Rule of 3." Take the number of women that a man claims to have slept with and divide the number by three. For women, the operation is multiplication rather than division.
AMERICAN PIE 2 has some large laughs but not many genuine surprises. One surprise, however, is that it can sometimes be as sweet as it is funny. The best example of this occurs when Michelle tries as hard as she can to teach Jim the finer points of love making. As she put its succinctly, "You've got to preheat the oven before you stick in the turkey." Michelle is the type of girl that every guy wishes had lived next-door when they were growing up. It's not a blonde bombshell that guys want. It's an understanding female to show them the real ways of romance. Michelle provides that charmingly for Jim.
AMERICAN PIE 2 runs 1:40. It is rated R for strong sexual content, crude humor, language and drinking and would be acceptable for older teenagers.
The film opens nationwide in the United States on Friday, August 10, 2001. In the Silicon Valley, it will be showing at the AMC and the Century theaters.
Web: http://www.InternetReviews.com Email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Want free reviews and weekly movie and video recommendations via Email? Just send me a letter with the word "subscribe" in the subject line.
========== X-RAMR-ID: 29128 X-Language: en X-RT-ReviewID: 242797 X-RT-TitleID: 1109236 X-RT-SourceID: 703 X-RT-AuthorID: 1271 X-RT-RatingText: 3/4
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rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
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[by:甜筒-七七] [ti:Brighter] [ar:Against the Current] [al:Gravity] [by:九九Lrc歌词网～www.99Lrc.net] Its a brand new day, it's nev... -
The Beginning (Against The Current Cover)
[by:黑普林] Just give me a reason to keep my heart beating Don’t worry it’s safe right here in my arms As the world falls a... -
Voices
[by:Trap_Girl] My head's chained down by voices It's lookin' like they want war again The weapon of choice is a poison M... -
Almost Forgot
Sometimes I get confused 'bout how it all went down When I feel like I miss you I try to block it out Still remember whe...  -
Uptown Funk (feat. Set It Off)
[by:乌斯怀亚--] [ar:Against The Current&set It Off] [ti:Uptown Funk] This hit That ice cold Michelle Pfeiffer That white gol... -
Good Time
[by:Sonneet] Woke up on the right side of the bed What's up with this Prince song inside my head? Hands up if you're dow... -
See You Again
[by:开源小喵Arith] it's been a long day without you my friend. and i'll tell you all about it when i see you again. we've co... -
Wasteland
[by:灵魂之二三事] Have I lost my mind? Is this paradise? Or a darker side?  -
Paralyzed
[by:小缘的男朋友] [ti:] [ar:] [al:] [by:九九Lrc歌词网～www.99Lrc.net] Have you had a million reasons why you wish you'd never seen t... -
Chasing Ghosts
[by:Wonderstruck_晶] [Chorus:] [Chorus] We used to have a light Now it's too dark to shine Now we're just passing by Two ... -
Dreaming Alone
The story starts laying in the dark with someone new I'm feeling tired from all the time I spent on you But I know I'm s... -
All I Want For Christmas Is You
[by:小陀螺Tony] I don't want a lot for Christmas There is just one thing I need I don't care about the presents Underneath ...  -
Photograph
[by:切尔西的匕首] [ti:] [ar:] [al:] [by:九九Lrc歌词网～www.99Lrc.net] Look at this photograph Every time i do it makes me laugh How ... -
In Our Bones
[by:F_W_Yang] We are wild flowers The city is our field of gold We've got wild fire In our bones We're born to be electr... -
Runaway
[by:Jerry_Kress] [ti:] [ar:] [al:] [by:九九Lrc歌词网～www.99Lrc.net] Let's get this right don't take it slow Let's not pretend...


Workflow
Week 1
During the first week, we installed the programs that we will be needing through-out the course such as Github, Google Chrome and Node and Sublime Text. We learned the basics of HTML, CSS and we were introduced to the Command Line and dabbled with Github. The main take aways I took from the first week is the importance of Semantics and proper nesting.
Week 2
The second served as a more indepht lesson on using terminal to navigate around our computer and its uses for Github. We also learned more about CSS. In particular, were learned about positioning and floats. During class, we emulated Chase's websites style. It showed me the complexity that goes to the layout of a website.
Key take aways would be learning the Box Model. (I still have to read up on this!) Another is being more comfortable with using the terminal, using basic git commands and using basic CSS to design a webpage.


--- layout: post title: SOAP web service .Net errors categories: [] tags: soap-ws status: publish type: post published: true meta: {} ---
It can be the case, especially on a new installation of the SOAP web service, that the .Net framework is not correctly configured. This might result in an error a little like the one below.
The error above is the result of something that has happened before the SOAP web service has even managed to load.
Depending on the error there might be a number of underlying problems. One common problem is that ASP.Net is not correctly registered. In the case of an error similar to the one above it cannot hurt to try this:


{% extends 'profiles/base.html' %} {% load crispy_forms_tags %} {% load static %} {% block title %} How it works {% endblock title %} {% block content %}
Enter your username, your valid email, password and confirm password.
To login enter your username and password
On dropdown link under your profile icon click my profile
fill all required informations and upload the images then save changes
we are highly recommend you to update your profile with your valid email,phone
number and update your profile image with your own image because this will be so useful on this patform.
On dropdown link under your profile icon click password Enter your old password and then enter new password and confirm new password then confirm changes.
Under Login button click on Forget password link enter your valid email, click the link on your email, enter new password and confirm new password.
This is your own account security, logout everytime especially when you are using public computers (Cyber Cafe,colleges,schools...).
you did not send invite to anybody, you did not receive an invite of anybody, this mean you are available to everyone on the platform,you can navigate to all Available profile, see the details of any profile and send him/her an invite vs you can receive an invite from other profile anytime.
you've sent an invite to any profile but not response yet this profile will be on your waiting profile list and you are not available to other. you have to wait this profile respond you or cancel invite.
you've received an invite of other profile, which is on the list on your invite you can see the datails of the profile,you can accept this invite and also you can reject this invite.
After some hours,minutes or seconds the invite you sent to any profile got accepted or after accepting the invite of other profile, this profile is on coupled list,you can view the details,you can end the relationship with this profile and the main important you can do booking.
you are definitely coupled, and you want to meet with this person you coupled with,
click booking your space button,
Navigate to the list of table where you can choose one table and book the free hour of your choice.
Note: Email and Telephone Number are so required to be in touch with you, we are highly recommend you to update
your profile informations with your valid Email and Telephone number.
To arrange the meeting we will always call the coupled profiles and ask them what they wish.


Across: 1. Fuss made by musical artistes? (4 3 5) 8. Takes back tin in rest break (7) 9. I leave Brian but return for Lucky Dip (4 3) 11. A French fiancee was not expected (10) 12. Garden plan (4) 14. First sight of the shore crumbling into the sea? (8) 16. This plant is local, in general (6) 17. In southern region I am master! (3) 19. Endearment for Mo Levy? (2 4) 21. Tracked down Queen inside type of house (8) 24. Get rid of punt (4) 25. Madly sack teller of pilgrim's story (6 4) 27. Managed old city firm before bad feeling (7) 28. Clients cut out design (7) 29. Cried at cruel orders sent round again (12) Down: 1. Notices disbanded unit (7) 2. Get telegram five years after VC (6-4) 3. Bob is after club magazines (8) 4. Touched bad back on bottom (6) 5. Captain gives one harpoon-head to sailor (4) 6. Mr Ladd follows Tom from Barcelona (7) 7. Yobbo may worry manufacturer (12) 10. This bishop may get rather wet here (4 3 5) 13. Ted Spicer's awful rudeness! (10) 15. Set fire to Chirac's bed? (3) 18. Sounds like a re-opening of a revenge attack (8) 20. Complete freedom to pass (7) 22. Risked church dance being broken up (7) 23. Vicar's strange circle! (6) 26. One marsh turns into desert (4)


+++ draft = false date = "2016-06-30T14:51:42-02:00" title = "How to completely disable Diazo on a specific path" tags = ["diazo", "Plone", "plone.app.theming", "deliverance"] created = "2016-06-30T14:01:42-02:00" modified = "2016-07-18T13:55:55-02:00" permaLink = "http://play.pixelblaster.ro/blog/archive/2016/06/30/how-to-completely-disable-diazo-on-a-specific-path" author = "Tiberiu Ichim" aliases = [ "/blog/archive/2016/06/30/how-to-completely-disable-diazo-on-a-specific-path" ] +++
I'm working on an (inherited) website that uses Plone and BackboneJS to offer a streamlined search interface over a catalog of items.
My task was to apply a new Diazo theme, which worked great for the rest of the website, except for this search page. The items inserted by the Backbone app would be all garbled and wrong. In the end, I managed to isolate the problem to a single page template that would load only that SPA, and the problem still persisted, (on my development machine), while the same code ran ok on the production server.
So what was the difference? The development machine had a Diazo theme active. As soon as I've disabled the Diazo theme, the problem disappeared. Oh well, time for a <notheme /> I said, but that didn't work either: no rule was applied in the transform. After debugging through plone.transformchain.zpublisher.applyTransform and plone.app.theming.transform.ThemeTransform, I came to the conclusion that the serializer used just "breaks" the HTML. It doesn't break it, it fixes it the problems in that HTML template file, but the fixes break the Underscore templates that will transform that file.
So, my fix is a hack:
from ZODB.POSException import ConflictError from ZPublisher.interfaces import IPubAfterTraversal from plone.transformchain.interfaces import DISABLE_TRANSFORM_REQUEST_KEY from zope.component import adapter import logging logger = logging.getLogger('pkg.diazotheme') @adapter(IPubAfterTraversal) def disable_diazo_for_templates(event): """ Code modeled after plone.app.caching.hooks.intercept """ try: request = event.request if not ("/spa/template" in request.getURL()): return if DISABLE_TRANSFORM_REQUEST_KEY not in request.environ: request.environ[DISABLE_TRANSFORM_REQUEST_KEY] = True except ConflictError: raise except: logging.exception( "Swallowed exception in pkg.diazotheme " "IPubAfterTraversal event handler")
And register this subscriber with:
<subscriber handler=".events.disable_diazo_for_templates" />
But this fix is wrong. My template files came as .html.dtml files placed in a portal_skins layer. The simplest fix would be to just make their content type text/plain. Like, simply renaming them to .txt. With that Content-Type they would be ignored completely by Diazo. Another good way would be (probably) to move them in a static browser resource folder.


Note: This is a fake form. Submitting on the edit button will submit to itself
Instart Logic
US Headquarters
450 Lambert Avenue
Palo Alto, CA 94306
India Office
6th Floor , HM Vibha Towers
Hosur Rd, Adugodi
Bengaluru — 560029
New York Office
499 Seventh Ave, 7th Floor North
New York, NY 10018
Boston Office
400 West Cummings Park, Suite 3650
Woburn, MA 01801
London Office
Knyvett House
Watermans Business Park
The Causeway
Staines-Upon-Thames, TW18 3BA, UK


The internet is the worlds largest network of computers. Basically it is just a web for computers
to talk to other computers, but on a giant scale. The user will get on a browser and send a request
over the internet to a web server that is hosting what ever information the user wants. The web server
then repsonds to the user with the information request and sends it back across the internet to appear on the user's browser.
HTML is the basic language of the internet. Almost all of the web pages on the internet are written using
HTML.
HTML documents can contain links, images, text, video, and much more. The way that these different elements
of an HTML document are written into the document are with
tags. Tags are markers that notify the HTML document
that a specified set of text is not just text but an insrtuction of how to treat other sets of text. Tags are surrounded by < and >
with the closing tag having a / infront of it. This is so the HTML document knows how to treat that text, and then the tags
themselves surround the bit of text that they are affecting. An example of a tag is the b tag, which tells the HTML document
that all of the text inbetween the opening and closing b tags should be bold.
Together a tag and the text that thattag is affecting are called and element. There are two types of elements, inline
and block. Inline elements keep the element within the line of text and do not add anything extra to the text.
Block elements put an invisible box around the text that the writer can use to set that bit of text apart from others.
Computers do exactly what they are told, but what they are told is not always what is meant. To have think like
a computer is to be able to think in systematic steps. One must take everything one step at a time and without
assuming any intetnion that may seemt to be built into the intrusction. This can be fairly difficult and requires much practice.
The Document Object Model, or DOM, is how web browsers interperit html files like this one. An html page is not written in some bizaar language, rather it is just written using a particular structure that allows browsers to understand what the author intends. The DOM is a branched structure, having elements branch to other elements which may in turn branch off further and further. Not only does this allow for browers to read html documents it is also fairly easliy understood by the human eye.
The broswer Google Chrome has a usefull feature in the Developer Tools. They allow the user to inspect the elements of what ever web page he or she is viewing. If a person who is starting out in fron end web development is stuck or sees an interesting feature on a web page, than that person can utilize the Developer Tools to see what kind of tag, css, and or java script was used to produce the desired effect.
Text Editors are a great tool for programmers. They help the programmer by keeping him or her in line with the DOM and grammatical structure of what ever language is being used
When one is looking at a web page, especially a good one, many shapes and design features will become apparent. However, looks may be deceiving. All of the elements display on an HTML page are actually boxes. Though one may see a circle or a triangle, those shapes are contained in boxes. This makes it much easier for prgrammers to plan and lay out a web page as well as rearrange it if neccesary.
Writing a program or creating a web page can be very time consuming and tedious. Becuase of that fact it is important for programmers to avoid repition as much as possible so as not to add to their already burdensome task. In avoiding rewriting the same code over and over consistency and the ability to change large portions of code are gained. By reusing a trusted piece of code programmers can be assuered that what they are writing will be good.
CSS, or Cascading Style Sheets, is the language used to add style to HTML web pages. With CSS a programmer can take a bland and uniteresting web page and turn it into a colorful and attention grabbing web page.
Most machines are built with only a few specific functions and abilities in mind. With out physically altering the machine it can only prefomr the tasks that it was built to do. In this regard the computer is a special machine. It was built such that it can be repurposed over and over to preform almost any task, including controling other machines. It has this ability through computer programs.
A computer program is a detailed list of instructions write so that a computer can understand them. The computer program must follow a precise sequence of steps while written in a programming language which is run through an interpreture so that the computer can understand it.
Programming languages are languages that have a strict grammar and syntax which eliminate all ambiguity. It is very important that a programming language is very precise in it's message to the computer. The computer can understand implied meaning, nor can it understand what a person might have meant if he or she misspeaks. A program must inform the computer exaclty what the computer needs to do, this is why it is important for the programming language to have a strict and precise grammar.
Python is an example of a programming language. When run through a python interpreture it can tell the computer what to do. It is a fairly powerful and popular language. The program is consisted of expressions which are statements in the Python language. An example of a Python expression is 'print 1 + 1'. That expression is valid because it follows Python's grammar and syntax.
In programming variables are what stores values or expressions. A variable can be any string of alpha characters or numbers so long as it does not start with a number. An example of a variable being set is name = "jacob" where name is a variable storing the value jacob. When assinging variables, or giving variables the value they are to store, the '=' symbol does not mean 'equal to' as it does in arithmatic. Rather the '=' symbol should be seen more as an arrow pointing from left to right that transfers the value into the variable.
Variables can be very useful as a way to capture as yet unknown values as well as giving names to values so that they may be better understood by someone reading the code. Variables can be given values of intergers, which are numbers, or strings, which are alpha characters. For something to be a string it must be in either a set of single quotes or a set of double quotes. This extends to numbers as well, meaning that "2" is a string and not a number.
A function is a routine that takes input, either from the user or from other parts of the program, and produces outputs. To write a function one start with the keyword 'def' which can be though of define. One then writes the functions name followed by a set of (). Inside the () are any number of parameters or inputs, including zero, that the function will need. Finally a colon at the end of the line. The next line and all subsequent lines of the function should be indented as to show that they are a part of that function. The lines that follow are the meat of the function, they are defining what the function will do with the input and what output it will produce.
Just defining a function will not do anything, for the function to be effective the program must call it. To call a function it just need be written out followed by the values desired to fulfill all of the requried parameters. Functions are a great tool for reducing repitition since when one is written it can be used over and over just as once one makes a hammer one does not need to make another hammer if the need arises.
An example of defining and using a function is as follows: def sum(num1,num2): result = num1 + num2 return result print sum(3,8) >>>11
Loops are a very useful tool for the programmer. They allow for a specific section of code to be perfomred a specifc amount of times. The two main types of loops are the 'while' loops and the 'for' loops. The while loop is started with True condition and continues until the condition is Fales. If that condition never becomes Fales the 'while' loop, and the program, continues running forever, which makes while loops potentially very dangerous. 'For' loops are structured with a finite number of iterations so that they cannot run forever.
At it's simplest writing code is a series of solving problems. With that being the case, it is of great importance that a programmer have a strong strategy for solving problems. The first thing to do when presented a problem is make sure that you understand what the problem is asking, and what it expects. You need to know the inputs and expected outputs. Once you have a grasp of the what the problem is about then you can start trying to solve it.
A good idea when starting to solve the problem is to break the problem down into smaller problems and write out pseudo code to solve those smaller problems. Once you have some of the smaller problems solved with psuedo code, write the actuall code and test it. Keep repeating that process until the whole problem is solved.


Access forbidden
To start using the extension you need to grant access to it.
To do this, you need to go to the power-ups list, which you may access from the menu.
Once you've done done click on the 'Settings' icon of the extension called 'analytics-trello-sync' and click on 'Authorize Account'.
After the authorization process you'll be able to start using this extension!


Page 3 of 3
Re: Evidyon Alpha 2 Bugs and Issues
Posted:
Tue Feb 10, 2009 6:50 pm
by Joe M.
Haven't yet tested it. I'll put it on the list.
Re: Evidyon Alpha 2 Bugs and Issues
Posted:
Mon Mar 02, 2009 3:11 am
by marzuku
Found a bug where i targeted a skeleton outside GY while i was inside and went through the GY walls
Re: Evidyon Alpha 2 Bugs and Issues
Posted:
Mon Mar 02, 2009 12:57 pm
by Karl G.
Hmm, didn't know you could still do that...
Re: Evidyon Alpha 2 Bugs and Issues
Posted:
Mon Mar 02, 2009 1:02 pm
by Joe M.
I'm not sure if walking through walls is still possible. I'll test it. But I know that one is able to fight through walls, and projectiles such as Ignis do cross them.
Re: Evidyon Alpha 2 Bugs and Issues
Posted:
Mon Mar 02, 2009 4:06 pm
by marzuku
just running around with the speed buff and went trough like 100 times while lvling.
Re: Evidyon Alpha 2 Bugs and Issues
Posted:
Mon Mar 02, 2009 10:01 pm
by Karl G.
yep, confirmed I can do it too. I'll look into it.
Also, scaling is fixed for next update! Plus, pimpin' new items
Re: Evidyon Alpha 2 Bugs and Issues
Posted:
Mon Mar 02, 2009 11:08 pm
by Joe M.
Some things:
* Green potions seem to not show up immediately in the use item menu. This may be an anomaly.
* AI bug: if the monster hits a wall, it will turn and run away at an angle, but forget to turn back around.
* Certain spells (buffs) lack animations. This is very frustrating.
* The cursor seems to have quit lighting up when casting a targeted spell.

Should be fixed for 2.8


Ploror688.github.io
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CSS selectors are cool and easy to use. The simplest one is just the name of an element. For instance, a
will select all the
elements on a page.
Let's try it. Select the

element below.
Select this paragraph if you want to style its contents


utilities package¶
utilities.utils module¶
Created on Wed Dec 3 14:25:06 2014
@author: Matti Ropo @author: Henrik Levämäki
-
utilities.utils.
extrapolate_0k
(a=None, Ta=None, bmod=None, TB=None, lat=None, TD=None, alpha=None, Talpha=None, B1=None, T0=None, ca=None, ZP=True)[source]¶ Extrapolates experimental data to zero Kelvin.
A function to extrapolate experimental room temperature lattice constants and bulk moduli to zero Kelvin. Zero point effects are also taken into account.
Input parameter Description a Experimental lattice constant measured at temperature Ta (in Angstroms) Ta The temperature at which a was measured (in Kelvin) bmod Experimental bulk modulus measured at temperature TB (in GPa) TB The temperature at which bmod was measured (in Kelvin) lat Lattice structure TD Experimental Debye temperature of the substance alpha VOLUMETRIC!!! thermal expansion coefficient at temperature T (in 10⁻6 1/K) Talpha The temperature at which alpha was measured (in Kelvin) B1 Pressure derivative of the bulk modulus T0 The temperature to which we want to extrapolate (Optional argument, if not given assume 0K) ca c/a lattice parameter for hcp structures ZP Whether or not zero-point (ZP) corrections are performed. If one only wants to calculate the fractional volume change due to dropping temperature, ZP=False. Parameters: - a – (Default value = None)
- Ta – (Default value = None)
- bmod – (Default value = None)
- TB – (Default value = None)
- lat – (Default value = None)
- TD – (Default value = None)
- alpha – (Default value = None)
- Talpha – (Default value = None)
- B1 – (Default value = None)
- T0 – (Default value = None)
- ca – (Default value = None)
- ZP – (Default value = True)
Returns: ZPAE corrected 0K lattice constant (in Angstrom), ZPPE corrected 0K bulk modulus (in GPa)
Return type: float,float
-
utilities.utils.
latparam_to_wsrad
(a=None, lat=None, ca=None, c=None)[source]¶ Parameters: - a – (Default value = None)
- lat – (Default value = None)
- ca – (Default value = None)
- c – (Default value = None)
Returns: Return type:
-
utilities.utils.
rotation_matrix
(axis, theta)[source]¶ Return the rotation matrix associated with counterclockwise rotation about the given axis by theta radians.
Parameters: - axis –
- theta –
-
utilities.utils.
run_emto
(name, folder='./')[source]¶ Submits a batch script to the queue.
Finds all the files in a folder that start with the name
Parameters: - name –
- folder – (Default value = “./”)
Returns: Return type:
-
utilities.utils.
submit_to_batch
(folder, jobname, system='slurm')[source]¶ Parameters: - folder –
- jobname –
- system – (Default value = ‘slurm’)
Returns: Return type:
-
utilities.utils.
write_batch
(folder, jobname)[source]¶ Parameters: - folder (str) – Folder to write batch file
- jobname (str) – Name of the job
Returns: Return type:


"187"
"187" (pronounced One Eight Seven) we are told is the California State Penal Code for murder; the term is now used by gangs all over our lovely country. Watching the film and seeing the decline and fall of the U.S. as illustrated by "our" youth is enough to make one want to throw a net over these young people. They are lost. They cannot be rehabilitated. With all the money spent on defending our country from perceived enemies, spending to keep anti-communist dictators in power, and no money for jobs and housing so that everyone in the country has both, has resulted in our winning each battle and losing the war. A pyrrhic victory for our CIA, our military, our Congress and our Presidents.
So much for editorializing. That is not how I write reviews but this film provoked me into doing just that. It is enough for anyone who loves his country, to cry.
In Brooklyn (where I went to school and where almost all the teachers even in high school had doctorates) Trevor Garfield (Samuel L Jackson) is a science teacher, earnest and dedicated. The class (a euphemism) consists of tattooed, rings in the ears and nose, "students." Their sole object is to ridicule, belittle and denigrate their teachers. In that atmosphere Garfield tries to shed a little light.
Threatened by one of his students (who writes "187" all over the teacher's books), Garfield brings it to the attention of a self-serving, keep-my-job and do not raise a fuss, Principal. The threat has come from a student to whom Garfield had refused a passing grade. The Principal pooh poohs Garfield's apprehension. Shortly thereafter, Garfield is stabbed with what appears to be an ice pick and he lands, near death in a hospital. After many months, he recovers enough to leave Brooklyn and go to the perceived safety of Southern California. Hah!
Garfield quickly learns that it is equally bad in California. The schoolhouse is a bungalow. The students are the same illiterates he left and they are just as threatening and dangerous.
At the school he becomes acquainted with a couple of teachers, Dave Childress (John Heard) and Ellen Henry (Kelly Rowan). Dave has been teaching for many years and has given up on ever being able to impart any knowledge to his students. He is "burned out," and is just going through the motions so he can collect his paycheck. In between, he smokes and drinks enough to get crocked. There was a time when he thought he could make a difference but that was long ago.
Ellen Henry is fighting a losing battle. Both she and Dave look upon Garfield as part hero (having found out about the stabbing in Brooklyn) and at the same time as someone they cannot quite fathom.
When a student becomes too threatening, he is found dead. Another student who was always menacingly pointing his finger in Garfield's face finds himself with a broken finger. Suspicion falls on Garfield. Has he taken matters into his own hands now that he sees there is no other way?
Up until this point, the film is horrifyingly believable. In about the last 20 minutes, the movie turned sickeningly ludicrous. I could not believe the denouement I was witnessing. What were screenwriter (and former substitute teacher) Scott Yagemann and the Director thinking of?  How could everything suddenly turn hopeful? How could they show the graduating class in cap and gown marching to their seats like normal students when all picture long we saw nothing but misfits? Give me a break.
Others in the cast include Clifton Gonzalez Gonzalez, Jonah Rooney and Lobo Sebastian.
Some statistics we are given: One in nine teachers has been attacked at school with 90% of the incidents coming from students.
160,000 students stay home from school EVERY DAY because of fear.
Nearly 3 million thefts and violent crimes occur in or near school each year.
One in five suburban high school boys owns a gun, 40% of them were threatened and/or shot at while going to school.
Nearly 20% of all students of high school age have carried guns. Knives or razors (55%), clubs (24%) and guns (20%).
Nearly 135,000 guns are brought into school each day.
20% of schools report student-on-teacher assaults.
Too bad the movie turned bad in the end.
Directed by Kevin Reynolds. 1.5 Bytes
4 bytes = Superb 3 bytes = Too good to miss 2 bytes = Average 1 byte = Save your money
Copyright 1997 Ben Hoffman
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EXCLUSIVE: Matt Barnes on Derek Fisher, "Kobe Flinch", Gloria Govan, Basketball Wives
by Jessica ToddMatt Barnes opened up at length about his personal life and his long career in the NBA, and he started out by giving a back story on his early years in San Jose. He went on to speak about getting into basketball and his shaky start into professional sports and the NBA.
The interview moved on from Matt's upbringing and start and focused on the rise and fall of his relationship with Gloria Govan and Shaq convincing him to do Vh1's Basketball Wives. Matt also spoke about his infamous run-in with his former friend Derek Fisher after learning that Fisher was dating his ex-wife and was around his kids, which led to an altercation. To hear more, including Matt's story about the "Kobe flinch" situation, hit the above clip.


THE ENGLISH PATIENT
A film review by Walter Frith
Copyright 1996 Walter Frith
'The English Patient' is a most lavish and exquisitely filmed epic set just before and during World War II. Producer Saul Zaentz who has won two Academy Awards for his development of 'One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest' (1975) and 'Amadeus' (1984) brings us this romantic saga that packs a peculiar power in spite of its dramatic shortcomings. A member of the Royal Geographical Society (Ralph Fiennes) has crashed his plane in the Sahara Desert and is aided by Arabs and a Canadian nurse (Juliette Binoche). He is treated for his injuries by her as Allied forces are travelling through Italy and a Canadian spy, code named "moose" (Willem Dafoe) arrives on the scene and suspects Fiennes is a member of the German army. There is a spark of romantic hint between Binoche and Fiennes which puts him in mind of a past affair prior to the outbreak of the war with a married woman (Kristin Scott Thomas). The story travels back and fourth from the present to the past told in flashbacks through Fiennes' thoughts. This film is based on the novel by Canadian author Michael Ondaatje and is adapted for the screen by writer and director Anthony Minghella who combines breathtaking photography by John Seale and rather low key but interesting performances by this first rate cast. Its running time of 161 minutes is rather absorbing beyond what it should be and the picture sags rather badly in its midsection but it is redeemed by a satisfying conclusion which is both moving and somewhat tragic depending on your point of view. Actor Ralph Fiennes is truly a compelling leading man and proved his acting ability to audiences world wide by turning in a superlative performance three years ago in 'Schindler's List' as a bone chilling Nazi commander which brought him an Oscar nomination as Best Supporting Actor for which he should have won. 'The English Patient' is more for film buffs than for general audiences and is an intelligent and literate story told with sensitivity and compassion.
OUT OF 5> * * * 1/2
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
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