| PostgreSQL 9.0.10 Documentation | ||||
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Release Date: 2009-07-01
After many years of development, PostgreSQL has become feature-complete in many areas. This release shows a targeted approach to adding features (e.g., authentication, monitoring, space reuse), and adds capabilities defined in the later SQL standards. The major areas of enhancement are:
Windowing Functions
Common Table Expressions and Recursive Queries
Default and variadic parameters for functions
Parallel Restore
Column Permissions
Per-database locale settings
Improved hash indexes
Improved join performance for EXISTS and NOT EXISTS queries
Easier-to-use Warm Standby
Automatic sizing of the Free Space Map
Visibility Map (greatly reduces vacuum overhead for slowly-changing tables)
Version-aware psql (backslash commands work against older servers)
Support SSL certificates for user authentication
Per-function runtime statistics
Easy editing of functions in psql
New contrib modules: pg_stat_statements, auto_explain, citext, btree_gin
The above items are explained in more detail in the sections below.
A dump/restore using pg_dump is required for those wishing to migrate data from any previous release.
Observe the following incompatibilities:
Use 64-bit integer datetimes by default (Neil Conway)
Previously this was selected by configure's --enable-integer-datetimes option. To retain the old behavior, build with --disable-integer-datetimes.
Remove ipcclean utility command (Bruce)
The utility only worked on a few platforms. Users should use their operating system tools instead.
Change default setting for log_min_messages to warning (previously it was notice) to reduce log file volume (Tom)
Change default setting for max_prepared_transactions to zero (previously it was 5) (Tom)
Make debug_print_parse, debug_print_rewritten, and debug_print_plan output appear at LOG message level, not DEBUG1 as formerly (Tom)
Make debug_pretty_print default to on (Tom)
Remove explain_pretty_print parameter (no longer needed) (Tom)
Make log_temp_files settable by superusers only, like other logging options (Simon Riggs)
Remove automatic appending of the epoch timestamp when no % escapes are present in log_filename (Robert Haas)
This change was made because some users wanted a fixed log filename, for use with an external log rotation tool.
Remove log_restartpoints from recovery.conf; instead use log_checkpoints (Simon)
Remove krb_realm and krb_server_hostname; these are now set in pg_hba.conf instead (Magnus)
There are also significant changes in pg_hba.conf, as described below.
Change TRUNCATE and LOCK to apply to child tables of the specified table(s) (Peter)
These commands now accept an ONLY option that prevents processing child tables; this option must be used if the old behavior is needed.
SELECT DISTINCT and UNION/INTERSECT/EXCEPT no longer always produce sorted output (Tom)
Previously, these types of queries always removed duplicate rows by means of Sort/Unique processing (i.e., sort then remove adjacent duplicates). Now they can be implemented by hashing, which will not produce sorted output. If an application relied on the output being in sorted order, the recommended fix is to add an ORDER BY clause. As a short-term workaround, the previous behavior can be restored by disabling enable_hashagg, but that is a very performance-expensive fix. SELECT DISTINCT ON never uses hashing, however, so its behavior is unchanged.
Force child tables to inherit CHECK constraints from parents (Alex Hunsaker, Nikhil Sontakke, Tom)
Formerly it was possible to drop such a constraint from a child table, allowing rows that violate the constraint to be visible when scanning the parent table. This was deemed inconsistent, as well as contrary to SQL standard.
Disallow negative LIMIT or OFFSET values, rather than treating them as zero (Simon)
Disallow LOCK TABLE outside a transaction block (Tom)
Such an operation is useless because the lock would be released immediately.
Sequences now contain an additional start_value column (Zoltan Boszormenyi)
This supports ALTER SEQUENCE ... RESTART.
Make numeric zero raised to a fractional power return 0, rather than throwing an error, and make numeric zero raised to the zero power return 1, rather than error (Bruce)
This matches the longstanding float8 behavior.
Allow unary minus of floating-point values to produce minus zero (Tom)
The changed behavior is more IEEE-standard compliant.
Throw an error if an escape character is the last character in a LIKE pattern (i.e., it has nothing to escape) (Tom)
Previously, such an escape character was silently ignored, thus possibly masking application logic errors.
Remove ~=~ and ~<>~ operators formerly used for LIKE index comparisons (Tom)
Pattern indexes now use the regular equality operator.
xpath()
now passes its arguments to libxml
without any changes (Andrew)
This means that the XML argument must be a well-formed XML document. The previous coding attempted to allow XML fragments, but it did not work well.
Make xmlelement()
format attribute values just like
content values (Peter)
Previously, attribute values were formatted according to the normal SQL output behavior, which is sometimes at odds with XML rules.
Rewrite memory management for libxml-using functions (Tom)
This change should avoid some compatibility problems with use of libxml in PL/Perl and other add-on code.
Adopt a faster algorithm for hash functions (Kenneth Marshall, based on work of Bob Jenkins)
Many of the built-in hash functions now deliver different results on little-endian and big-endian platforms.
DateStyle no longer controls interval output formatting; instead there is a new variable IntervalStyle (Ron Mayer)
Improve consistency of handling of fractional seconds in timestamp and interval output (Ron Mayer)
This may result in displaying a different number of fractional digits than before, or rounding instead of truncating.
Make to_char()
's localized month/day names depend
on LC_TIME, not LC_MESSAGES (Euler
Taveira de Oliveira)
Cause to_date()
and to_timestamp()
to more consistently report errors for invalid input (Brendan
Jurd)
Previous versions would often ignore or silently misread input that did not match the format string. Such cases will now result in an error.
Fix to_timestamp()
to not require upper/lower case
matching for meridian (AM/PM) and era
(BC/AD) format designations (Brendan
Jurd)
For example, input value ad now matches the format string AD.
Below you will find a detailed account of the changes between PostgreSQL 8.4 and the previous major release.
Improve optimizer statistics calculations (Jan Urbanski, Tom)
In particular, estimates for full-text-search operators are greatly improved.
Allow SELECT DISTINCT and UNION/INTERSECT/EXCEPT to use hashing (Tom)
This means that these types of queries no longer automatically produce sorted output.
Create explicit concepts of semi-joins and anti-joins (Tom)
This work formalizes our previous ad-hoc treatment of IN (SELECT ...) clauses, and extends it to EXISTS and NOT EXISTS clauses. It should result in significantly better planning of EXISTS and NOT EXISTS queries. In general, logically equivalent IN and EXISTS clauses should now have similar performance, whereas previously IN often won.
Improve optimization of sub-selects beneath outer joins (Tom)
Formerly, a sub-select or view could not be optimized very well if it appeared within the nullable side of an outer join and contained non-strict expressions (for instance, constants) in its result list.
Improve the performance of text_position()
and
related functions by using Boyer-Moore-Horspool searching (David
Rowley)
This is particularly helpful for long search patterns.
Reduce I/O load of writing the statistics collection file by writing the file only when requested (Martin Pihlak)
Improve performance for bulk inserts (Robert Haas, Simon)
Increase the default value of default_statistics_target from 10 to 100 (Greg Sabino Mullane, Tom)
The maximum value was also increased from 1000 to 10000.
Perform constraint_exclusion checking by default in queries involving inheritance or UNION ALL (Tom)
A new constraint_exclusion setting, partition, was added to specify this behavior.
Allow I/O read-ahead for bitmap index scans (Greg Stark)
The amount of read-ahead is controlled by
effective_io_concurrency. This feature is available only
if the kernel has posix_fadvise()
support.
Inline simple set-returning SQL functions in FROM clauses (Richard Rowell)
Improve performance of multi-batch hash joins by providing a special case for join key values that are especially common in the outer relation (Bryce Cutt, Ramon Lawrence)
Reduce volume of temporary data in multi-batch hash joins by suppressing "physical tlist" optimization (Michael Henderson, Ramon Lawrence)
Avoid waiting for idle-in-transaction sessions during CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY (Simon)
Improve performance of shared cache invalidation (Tom)
Convert many postgresql.conf settings to enumerated values so that pg_settings can display the valid values (Magnus)
Add cursor_tuple_fraction parameter to control the fraction of a cursor's rows that the planner assumes will be fetched (Robert Hell)
Allow underscores in the names of custom variable classes in postgresql.conf (Tom)
Remove support for the (insecure) crypt authentication method (Magnus)
This effectively obsoletes pre-PostgreSQL 7.2 client libraries, as there is no longer any non-plaintext password method that they can use.
Support regular expressions in pg_ident.conf (Magnus)
Allow Kerberos/GSSAPI parameters to be changed without restarting the postmaster (Magnus)
Support SSL certificate chains in server certificate file (Andrew Gierth)
Including the full certificate chain makes the client able to verify the certificate without having all intermediate CA certificates present in the local store, which is often the case for commercial CAs.
Report appropriate error message for combination of MD5 authentication and db_user_namespace enabled (Bruce)
Change all authentication options to use name=value syntax (Magnus)
This makes incompatible changes to the ldap, pam and ident authentication methods. All pg_hba.conf entries with these methods need to be rewritten using the new format.
Remove the ident sameuser option, instead making that behavior the default if no usermap is specified (Magnus)
Allow a usermap parameter for all external authentication methods (Magnus)
Previously a usermap was only supported for ident authentication.
Add clientcert option to control requesting of a client certificate (Magnus)
Previously this was controlled by the presence of a root certificate file in the server's data directory.
Add cert authentication method to allow user authentication via SSL certificates (Magnus)
Previously SSL certificates could only verify that the client had access to a certificate, not authenticate a user.
Allow krb5, gssapi and sspi realm and krb5 host settings to be specified in pg_hba.conf (Magnus)
These override the settings in postgresql.conf.
Add include_realm parameter for krb5, gssapi, and sspi methods (Magnus)
This allows identical usernames from different realms to be authenticated as different database users using usermaps.
Parse pg_hba.conf fully when it is loaded, so that errors are reported immediately (Magnus)
Previously, most errors in the file wouldn't be detected until clients tried to connect, so an erroneous file could render the system unusable. With the new behavior, if an error is detected during reload then the bad file is rejected and the postmaster continues to use its old copy.
Show all parsing errors in pg_hba.conf instead of aborting after the first one (Selena Deckelmann)
Support ident authentication over Unix-domain sockets on Solaris (Garick Hamlin)
Provide an option to pg_start_backup()
to force its
implied checkpoint to finish as quickly as possible (Tom)
The default behavior avoids excess I/O consumption, but that is pointless if no concurrent query activity is going on.
Make pg_stop_backup()
wait for modified WAL
files to be archived (Simon)
This guarantees that the backup is valid at the time
pg_stop_backup()
completes.
When archiving is enabled, rotate the last WAL segment at shutdown so that all transactions can be archived immediately (Guillaume Smet, Heikki)
Delay "smart" shutdown while a continuous archiving base backup is in progress (Laurenz Albe)
Cancel a continuous archiving base backup if "fast" shutdown is requested (Laurenz Albe)
Allow recovery.conf boolean variables to take the same range of string values as postgresql.conf boolean variables (Bruce)
Add pg_conf_load_time()
to report when
the PostgreSQL configuration files were last loaded
(George Gensure)
Add pg_terminate_backend()
to safely terminate a
backend (the SIGTERM signal works also) (Tom, Bruce)
While it's always been possible to SIGTERM a single backend, this was previously considered unsupported; and testing of the case found some bugs that are now fixed.
Add ability to track user-defined functions' call counts and runtimes (Martin Pihlak)
Function statistics appear in a new system view, pg_stat_user_functions. Tracking is controlled by the new parameter track_functions.
Allow specification of the maximum query string size in pg_stat_activity via new track_activity_query_size parameter (Thomas Lee)
Increase the maximum line length sent to syslog, in hopes of improving performance (Tom)
Add read-only configuration variables segment_size, wal_block_size, and wal_segment_size (Bernd Helmle)
When reporting a deadlock, report the text of all queries involved in the deadlock to the server log (Itagaki Takahiro)
Add pg_stat_get_activity(pid)
function to return
information about a specific process id (Magnus)
Allow the location of the server's statistics file to be specified via stats_temp_directory (Magnus)
This allows the statistics file to be placed in a RAM-resident directory to reduce I/O requirements. On startup/shutdown, the file is copied to its traditional location ($PGDATA/global/) so it is preserved across restarts.
Add support for WINDOW functions (Hitoshi Harada)
Add support for WITH clauses (CTEs), including WITH RECURSIVE (Yoshiyuki Asaba, Tatsuo Ishii, Tom)
Add TABLE command (Peter)
TABLE tablename is a SQL standard short-hand for SELECT * FROM tablename.
Allow AS to be optional when specifying a SELECT (or RETURNING) column output label (Hiroshi Saito)
This works so long as the column label is not any PostgreSQL keyword; otherwise AS is still needed.
Support set-returning functions in SELECT result lists even for functions that return their result via a tuplestore (Tom)
In particular, this means that functions written in PL/pgSQL and other PL languages can now be called this way.
Support set-returning functions in the output of aggregation and grouping queries (Tom)
Allow SELECT FOR UPDATE/SHARE to work on inheritance trees (Tom)
Add infrastructure for SQL/MED (Martin Pihlak, Peter)
There are no remote or external SQL/MED capabilities yet, but this change provides a standardized and future-proof system for managing connection information for modules like dblink and plproxy.
Invalidate cached plans when referenced schemas, functions, operators, or operator classes are modified (Martin Pihlak, Tom)
This improves the system's ability to respond to on-the-fly DDL changes.
Allow comparison of composite types and allow arrays of anonymous composite types (Tom)
This allows constructs such as row(1, 1.1) = any (array[row(7, 7.7), row(1, 1.0)]). This is particularly useful in recursive queries.
Add support for Unicode string literal and identifier specifications using code points, e.g. U&'d\0061t\+000061' (Peter)
Reject \000 in string literals and COPY data (Tom)
Previously, this was accepted but had the effect of terminating the string contents.
Improve the parser's ability to report error locations (Tom)
An error location is now reported for many semantic errors, such as mismatched datatypes, that previously could not be localized.
Support statement-level ON TRUNCATE triggers (Simon)
Add RESTART/CONTINUE IDENTITY options for TRUNCATE TABLE (Zoltan Boszormenyi)
The start value of a sequence can be changed by ALTER SEQUENCE START WITH.
Allow TRUNCATE tab1, tab1 to succeed (Bruce)
Add a separate TRUNCATE permission (Robert Haas)
Make EXPLAIN VERBOSE show the output columns of each plan node (Tom)
Previously EXPLAIN VERBOSE output an internal representation of the query plan. (That behavior is now available via debug_print_plan.)
Make EXPLAIN identify subplans and initplans with individual labels (Tom)
Make EXPLAIN honor debug_print_plan (Tom)
Allow EXPLAIN on CREATE TABLE AS (Peter)
Allow sub-selects in LIMIT and OFFSET (Tom)
Add SQL-standard syntax for LIMIT/OFFSET capabilities (Peter)
To wit, OFFSET num {ROW|ROWS} FETCH {FIRST|NEXT} [num] {ROW|ROWS} ONLY.
Add support for column-level privileges (Stephen Frost, KaiGai Kohei)
Refactor multi-object DROP operations to reduce the need for CASCADE (Alex Hunsaker)
For example, if table B has a dependency on table A, the command DROP TABLE A, B no longer requires the CASCADE option.
Fix various problems with concurrent DROP commands by ensuring that locks are taken before we begin to drop dependencies of an object (Tom)
Improve reporting of dependencies during DROP commands (Tom)
Add WITH [NO] DATA clause to CREATE TABLE AS, per the SQL standard (Peter, Tom)
Add support for user-defined I/O conversion casts (Heikki)
Allow CREATE AGGREGATE to use an internal transition datatype (Tom)
Add LIKE clause to CREATE TYPE (Tom)
This simplifies creation of data types that use the same internal representation as an existing type.
Allow specification of the type category and "preferred" status for user-defined base types (Tom)
This allows more control over the coercion behavior of user-defined types.
Allow CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW to add columns to the end of a view (Robert Haas)
Add ALTER TYPE RENAME (Petr Jelinek)
Add ALTER SEQUENCE ... RESTART (with no parameter) to reset a sequence to its initial value (Zoltan Boszormenyi)
Modify the ALTER TABLE syntax to allow all reasonable combinations for tables, indexes, sequences, and views (Tom)
This change allows the following new syntaxes:
ALTER SEQUENCE OWNER TO
ALTER VIEW ALTER COLUMN SET/DROP DEFAULT
ALTER VIEW OWNER TO
ALTER VIEW SET SCHEMA
There is no actual new functionality here, but formerly you had to say ALTER TABLE to do these things, which was confusing.
Add support for the syntax ALTER TABLE ... ALTER COLUMN ... SET DATA TYPE (Peter)
This is SQL-standard syntax for functionality that was already supported.
Make ALTER TABLE SET WITHOUT OIDS rewrite the table to physically remove OID values (Tom)
Also, add ALTER TABLE SET WITH OIDS to rewrite the table to add OIDs.
Improve reporting of CREATE/DROP/RENAME DATABASE failure when uncommitted prepared transactions are the cause (Tom)
Make LC_COLLATE and LC_CTYPE into per-database settings (Radek Strnad, Heikki)
This makes collation similar to encoding, which was always configurable per database.
Improve checks that the database encoding, collation (LC_COLLATE), and character classes (LC_CTYPE) match (Heikki, Tom)
Note in particular that a new database's encoding and locale settings can be changed only when copying from template0. This prevents possibly copying data that doesn't match the settings.
Add ALTER DATABASE SET TABLESPACE to move a database to a new tablespace (Guillaume Lelarge, Bernd Helmle)
Add a VERBOSE option to the CLUSTER command and clusterdb (Jim Cox)
Decrease memory requirements for recording pending trigger events (Tom)
Dramatically improve the speed of building and accessing hash indexes (Tom Raney, Shreya Bhargava)
This allows hash indexes to be sometimes faster than btree indexes. However, hash indexes are still not crash-safe.
Make hash indexes store only the hash code, not the full value of the indexed column (Xiao Meng)
This greatly reduces the size of hash indexes for long indexed values, improving performance.
Implement fast update option for GIN indexes (Teodor, Oleg)
This option greatly improves update speed at a small penalty in search speed.
xxx_pattern_ops indexes can now be used for simple equality comparisons, not only for LIKE (Tom)
Remove the requirement to use @@@ when doing GIN weighted lookups on full text indexes (Tom, Teodor)
The normal @@ text search operator can be used instead.
Add an optimizer selectivity function for @@ text search operations (Jan Urbanski)
Allow prefix matching in full text searches (Teodor Sigaev, Oleg Bartunov)
Support multi-column GIN indexes (Teodor Sigaev)
Improve support for Nepali language and Devanagari alphabet (Teodor)
Track free space in separate per-relation "fork" files (Heikki)
Free space discovered by VACUUM is now recorded in *_fsm files, rather than in a fixed-sized shared memory area. The max_fsm_pages and max_fsm_relations settings have been removed, greatly simplifying administration of free space management.
Add a visibility map to track pages that do not require vacuuming (Heikki)
This allows VACUUM to avoid scanning all of a table when only a portion of the table needs vacuuming. The visibility map is stored in per-relation "fork" files.
Add vacuum_freeze_table_age parameter to control when VACUUM should ignore the visibility map and do a full table scan to freeze tuples (Heikki)
Track transaction snapshots more carefully (Alvaro)
This improves VACUUM's ability to reclaim space in the presence of long-running transactions.
Add ability to specify per-relation autovacuum and TOAST parameters in CREATE TABLE (Alvaro, Euler Taveira de Oliveira)
Autovacuum options used to be stored in a system table.
Add --freeze option to vacuumdb (Bruce)
Add a CaseSensitive option for text search synonym dictionaries (Simon)
Improve the precision of NUMERIC division (Tom)
Add basic arithmetic operators for int2 with int8 (Tom)
This eliminates the need for explicit casting in some situations.
Allow UUID input to accept an optional hyphen after every fourth digit (Robert Haas)
Allow on/off as input for the boolean data type (Itagaki Takahiro)
Allow spaces around NaN in the input string for type numeric (Sam Mason)
Reject year 0 BC and years 000 and 0000 (Tom)
Previously these were interpreted as 1 BC. (Note: years 0 and 00 are still assumed to be the year 2000.)
Include SGT (Singapore time) in the default list of known time zone abbreviations (Tom)
Support infinity and -infinity as values of type date (Tom)
Make parsing of interval literals more standard-compliant (Tom, Ron Mayer)
For example, INTERVAL '1' YEAR now does what it's supposed to.
Allow interval fractional-seconds precision to be specified after the second keyword, for SQL standard compliance (Tom)
Formerly the precision had to be specified after the keyword interval. (For backwards compatibility, this syntax is still supported, though deprecated.) Data type definitions will now be output using the standard format.
Support the IS0 8601 interval syntax (Ron Mayer, Kevin Grittner)
For example, INTERVAL 'P1Y2M3DT4H5M6.7S' is now supported.
Add IntervalStyle parameter which controls how interval values are output (Ron Mayer)
Valid values are: postgres, postgres_verbose, sql_standard, iso_8601. This setting also controls the handling of negative interval input when only some fields have positive/negative designations.
Improve consistency of handling of fractional seconds in timestamp and interval output (Ron Mayer)
Improve the handling of casts applied to ARRAY[] constructs, such as ARRAY[...]::integer[] (Brendan Jurd)
Formerly PostgreSQL attempted to determine a data type for the ARRAY[] construct without reference to the ensuing cast. This could fail unnecessarily in many cases, in particular when the ARRAY[] construct was empty or contained only ambiguous entries such as NULL. Now the cast is consulted to determine the type that the array elements must be.
Make SQL-syntax ARRAY dimensions optional to match the SQL standard (Peter)
Add array_ndims()
to return the number
of dimensions of an array (Robert Haas)
Add array_length()
to return the length
of an array for a specified dimension (Jim Nasby, Robert
Haas, Peter Eisentraut)
Add aggregate function array_agg()
, which
returns all aggregated values as a single array (Robert Haas,
Jeff Davis, Peter)
Add unnest()
, which converts an array to
individual row values (Tom)
This is the opposite of array_agg()
.
Add array_fill()
to create arrays initialized with
a value (Pavel Stehule)
Add generate_subscripts()
to simplify generating
the range of an array's subscripts (Pavel Stehule)
Consider TOAST compression on values as short as 32 bytes (previously 256 bytes) (Greg Stark)
Require 25% minimum space savings before using TOAST compression (previously 20% for small values and any-savings-at-all for large values) (Greg)
Improve TOAST heuristics for rows that have a mix of large and small toastable fields, so that we prefer to push large values out of line and don't compress small values unnecessarily (Greg, Tom)
Document that setseed()
allows values from
-1 to 1 (not just 0 to
1), and enforce the valid range (Kris Jurka)
Add server-side function lo_import(filename, oid)
(Tatsuo)
Add quote_nullable()
, which behaves like
quote_literal()
but returns the string NULL for
a null argument (Brendan Jurd)
Improve full text search headline()
function to
allow extracting several fragments of text (Sushant Sinha)
Add suppress_redundant_updates_trigger()
trigger
function to avoid overhead for non-data-changing updates (Andrew)
Add div(numeric, numeric)
to perform numeric
division without rounding (Tom)
Add timestamp and timestamptz versions of
generate_series()
(Hitoshi Harada)
Implement current_query()
for use by functions
that need to know the currently running query (Tomas Doran)
Add pg_get_keywords()
to return a list of the
parser keywords (Dave Page)
Add pg_get_functiondef()
to see a function's
definition (Abhijit Menon-Sen)
Allow the second argument of pg_get_expr()
to be zero
when deparsing an expression that does not contain variables (Tom)
Modify pg_relation_size()
to use regclass
(Heikki)
pg_relation_size(data_type_name)
no longer works.
Add boot_val and reset_val columns to pg_settings output (Greg Smith)
Add source file name and line number columns to pg_settings output for variables set in a configuration file (Magnus, Alvaro)
For security reasons, these columns are only visible to superusers.
Add support for CURRENT_CATALOG, CURRENT_SCHEMA, SET CATALOG, SET SCHEMA (Peter)
These provide SQL-standard syntax for existing features.
Add pg_typeof()
which returns the data type
of any value (Brendan Jurd)
Make version()
return information about whether
the server is a 32- or 64-bit binary (Bruce)
Fix the behavior of information schema columns is_insertable_into and is_updatable to be consistent (Peter)
Improve the behavior of information schema datetime_precision columns (Peter)
These columns now show zero for date columns, and 6 (the default precision) for time, timestamp, and interval without a declared precision, rather than showing null as formerly.
Convert remaining builtin set-returning functions to use OUT parameters (Jaime Casanova)
This makes it possible to call these functions without specifying
a column list: pg_show_all_settings()
,
pg_lock_status()
, pg_prepared_xact()
,
pg_prepared_statement()
, pg_cursor()
Make pg_*_is_visible()
and
has_*_privilege()
functions return NULL
for invalid OIDs, rather than reporting an error (Tom)
Extend has_*_privilege()
functions to allow inquiring
about the OR of multiple privileges in one call (Stephen
Frost, Tom)
Add has_column_privilege()
and
has_any_column_privilege()
functions (Stephen
Frost, Tom)
Support variadic functions (functions with a variable number of arguments) (Pavel Stehule)
Only trailing arguments can be optional, and they all must be of the same data type.
Support default values for function arguments (Pavel Stehule)
Add CREATE FUNCTION ... RETURNS TABLE clause (Pavel Stehule)
Allow SQL-language functions to return the output of an INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE RETURNING clause (Tom)
Support EXECUTE USING for easier insertion of data values into a dynamic query string (Pavel Stehule)
Allow looping over the results of a cursor using a FOR loop (Pavel Stehule)
Support RETURN QUERY EXECUTE (Pavel Stehule)
Improve the RAISE command (Pavel Stehule)
Support DETAIL and HINT fields
Support specification of the SQLSTATE error code
Support an exception name parameter
Allow RAISE without parameters in an exception block to re-throw the current error
Allow specification of SQLSTATE codes in EXCEPTION lists (Pavel Stehule)
This is useful for handling custom SQLSTATE codes.
Support the CASE statement (Pavel Stehule)
Make RETURN QUERY set the special FOUND and GET DIAGNOSTICS ROW_COUNT variables (Pavel Stehule)
Make FETCH and MOVE set the GET DIAGNOSTICS ROW_COUNT variable (Andrew Gierth)
Make EXIT without a label always exit the innermost loop (Tom)
Formerly, if there were a BEGIN block more closely nested than any loop, it would exit that block instead. The new behavior matches Oracle(TM) and is also what was previously stated by our own documentation.
Make processing of string literals and nested block comments match the main SQL parser's processing (Tom)
In particular, the format string in RAISE now works the same as any other string literal, including being subject to standard_conforming_strings. This change also fixes other cases in which valid commands would fail when standard_conforming_strings is on.
Avoid memory leakage when the same function is called at varying exception-block nesting depths (Tom)
Fix pg_ctl restart to preserve command-line arguments (Bruce)
Add -w/--no-password option that prevents password prompting in all utilities that have a -W/--password option (Peter)
Remove -q (quiet) option of createdb, createuser, dropdb, dropuser (Peter)
These options have had no effect since PostgreSQL 8.3.
Remove verbose startup banner; now just suggest help (Joshua Drake)
Make help show common backslash commands (Greg Sabino Mullane)
Add \pset format wrapped mode to wrap output to the screen width, or file/pipe output too if \pset columns is set (Bryce Nesbitt)
Allow all supported spellings of boolean values in \pset, rather than just on and off (Bruce)
Formerly, any string other than "off" was silently taken to mean true. psql will now complain about unrecognized spellings (but still take them as true).
Use the pager for wide output (Bruce)
Require a space between a one-letter backslash command and its first argument (Bernd Helmle)
This removes a historical source of ambiguity.
Improve tab completion support for schema-qualified and quoted identifiers (Greg Sabino Mullane)
Add optional on/off argument for \timing (David Fetter)
Display access control rights on multiple lines (Brendan Jurd, Andreas Scherbaum)
Make \l show database access privileges (Andrew Gilligan)
Make \l+ show database sizes, if permissions allow (Andrew Gilligan)
Add the \ef command to edit function definitions (Abhijit Menon-Sen)
Make \d* commands that do not have a pattern argument show system objects only if the S modifier is specified (Greg Sabino Mullane, Bruce)
The former behavior was inconsistent across different variants of \d, and in most cases it provided no easy way to see just user objects.
Improve \d* commands to work with older PostgreSQL server versions (back to 7.4), not only the current server version (Guillaume Lelarge)
Make \d show foreign-key constraints that reference the selected table (Kenneth D'Souza)
Make \d on a sequence show its column values (Euler Taveira de Oliveira)
Add column storage type and other relation options to the \d+ display (Gregory Stark, Euler Taveira de Oliveira)
Show relation size in \dt+ output (Dickson S. Guedes)
Show the possible values of enum types in \dT+ (David Fetter)
Allow \dC to accept a wildcard pattern, which matches either datatype involved in the cast (Tom)
Add a function type column to \df's output, and add options to list only selected types of functions (David Fetter)
Make \df not hide functions that take or return type cstring (Tom)
Previously, such functions were hidden because most of them are datatype I/O functions, which were deemed uninteresting. The new policy about hiding system functions by default makes this wart unnecessary.
Add a --no-tablespaces option to pg_dump/pg_dumpall/pg_restore so that dumps can be restored to clusters that have non-matching tablespace layouts (Gavin Roy)
Remove -d and -D options from pg_dump and pg_dumpall (Tom)
These options were too frequently confused with the option to select a database name in other PostgreSQL client applications. The functionality is still available, but you must now spell out the long option name --inserts or --column-inserts.
Remove -i/--ignore-version option from pg_dump and pg_dumpall (Tom)
Use of this option does not throw an error, but it has no effect. This option was removed because the version checks are necessary for safety.
Disable statement_timeout during dump and restore (Joshua Drake)
Add pg_dump/pg_dumpall option --lock-wait-timeout (David Gould)
This allows dumps to fail if unable to acquire a shared lock within the specified amount of time.
Reorder pg_dump --data-only output to dump tables referenced by foreign keys before the referencing tables (Tom)
This allows data loads when foreign keys are already present. If circular references make a safe ordering impossible, a NOTICE is issued.
Allow pg_dump, pg_dumpall, and pg_restore to use a specified role (Benedek László)
Allow pg_restore to use multiple concurrent connections to do the restore (Andrew)
The number of concurrent connections is controlled by the option --jobs. This is supported only for custom-format archives.
Allow the OID to be specified when importing a large
object, via new function lo_import_with_oid()
(Tatsuo)
Add "events" support (Andrew Chernow, Merlin Moncure)
This adds the ability to register callbacks to manage private data associated with PGconn and PGresult objects.
Improve error handling to allow the return of multiple error messages as multi-line error reports (Magnus)
Make PQexecParams()
and related functions return
PGRES_EMPTY_QUERY for an empty query (Tom)
They previously returned PGRES_COMMAND_OK.
Document how to avoid the overhead of WSACleanup()
on Windows (Andrew Chernow)
Do not rely on Kerberos tickets to determine the default database username (Magnus)
Previously, a Kerberos-capable build of libpq would use the principal name from any available Kerberos ticket as default database username, even if the connection wasn't using Kerberos authentication. This was deemed inconsistent and confusing. The default username is now determined the same way with or without Kerberos. Note however that the database username must still match the ticket when Kerberos authentication is used.
Fix certificate validation for SSL connections (Magnus)
libpq now supports verifying both the certificate and the name of the server when making SSL connections. If a root certificate is not available to use for verification, SSL connections will fail. The sslmode parameter is used to enable certificate verification and set the level of checking. The default is still not to do any verification, allowing connections to SSL-enabled servers without requiring a root certificate on the client.
Support wildcard server certificates (Magnus)
If a certificate CN starts with *, it will be treated as a wildcard when matching the hostname, allowing the use of the same certificate for multiple servers.
Allow the file locations for client certificates to be specified (Mark Woodward, Alvaro, Magnus)
Add a PQinitOpenSSL
function to allow greater control
over OpenSSL/libcrypto initialization (Andrew Chernow)
Make libpq unregister its OpenSSL callbacks when no database connections remain open (Bruce, Magnus, Russell Smith)
This is required for applications that unload the libpq library, otherwise invalid OpenSSL callbacks will remain.
Add localization support for messages (Euler Taveira de Oliveira)
ecpg parser is now automatically generated from the server parser (Michael)
Previously the ecpg parser was hand-maintained.
Add support for single-use plans with out-of-line parameters (Tom)
Add new SPI_OK_REWRITTEN return code for
SPI_execute()
(Heikki)
This is used when a command is rewritten to another type of command.
Remove unnecessary inclusions from executor/spi.h (Tom)
SPI-using modules might need to add some #include lines if they were depending on spi.h to include things for them.
Update build system to use Autoconf 2.61 (Peter)
Require GNU bison for source code builds (Peter)
This has effectively been required for several years, but now there is no infrastructure claiming to support other parser tools.
Add pg_config --htmldir option (Peter)
Pass float4 by value inside the server (Zoltan Boszormenyi)
Add configure option --disable-float4-byval to use the old behavior. External C functions that use old-style (version 0) call convention and pass or return float4 values will be broken by this change, so you may need the configure option if you have such functions and don't want to update them.
Pass float8, int8, and related datatypes by value inside the server on 64-bit platforms (Zoltan Boszormenyi)
Add configure option --disable-float8-byval to use the old behavior. As above, this change might break old-style external C functions.
Add configure options --with-segsize, --with-blocksize, --with-wal-blocksize, --with-wal-segsize (Zdenek Kotala, Tom)
This simplifies build-time control over several constants that previously could only be changed by editing pg_config_manual.h.
Allow threaded builds on Solaris 2.5 (Bruce)
Use the system's getopt_long()
on Solaris
(Zdenek Kotala, Tom)
This makes option processing more consistent with what Solaris users expect.
Add support for the Sun Studio compiler on Linux (Julius Stroffek)
Append the major version number to the backend gettext domain, and the soname major version number to libraries' gettext domain (Peter)
This simplifies parallel installations of multiple versions.
Add support for code coverage testing with gcov (Michelle Caisse)
Allow out-of-tree builds on Mingw and Cygwin (Richard Evans)
Fix the use of Mingw as a cross-compiling source platform (Peter)
Support 64-bit time zone data files (Heikki)
This adds support for daylight saving time (DST) calculations beyond the year 2038.
Deprecate use of platform's time_t data type (Tom)
Some platforms have migrated to 64-bit time_t, some have not, and Windows can't make up its mind what it's doing. Define pg_time_t to have the same meaning as time_t, but always be 64 bits (unless the platform has no 64-bit integer type), and use that type in all module APIs and on-disk data formats.
Fix bug in handling of the time zone database when cross-compiling (Richard Evans)
Link backend object files in one step, rather than in stages (Peter)
Improve gettext support to allow better translation of plurals (Peter)
Add message translation support to the PL languages (Alvaro, Peter)
Add more DTrace probes (Robert Lor)
Enable DTrace support on Mac OS X Leopard and other non-Solaris platforms (Robert Lor)
Simplify and standardize conversions between C strings and text datums, by providing common functions for the purpose (Brendan Jurd, Tom)
Clean up the include/catalog/ header files so that frontend programs can include them without including postgres.h (Zdenek Kotala)
Make name char-aligned, and suppress zero-padding of name entries in indexes (Tom)
Recover better if dynamically-loaded code executes exit()
(Tom)
Add a hook to let plug-ins monitor the executor (Itagaki Takahiro)
Add a hook to allow the planner's statistics lookup behavior to be overridden (Simon Riggs)
Add shmem_startup_hook()
for custom shared memory
requirements (Tom)
Replace the index access method amgetmulti
entry point
with amgetbitmap
, and extend the API for
amgettuple
to support run-time determination of
operator lossiness (Heikki, Tom, Teodor)
The API for GIN and GiST opclass consistent
functions
has been extended as well.
Add support for partial-match searches in GIN indexes (Teodor Sigaev, Oleg Bartunov)
Replace pg_class column reltriggers with boolean relhastriggers (Simon)
Also remove unused pg_class columns relukeys, relfkeys, and relrefs.
Add a relistemp column to pg_class to ease identification of temporary tables (Tom)
Move platform FAQs into the main documentation (Peter)
Prevent parser input files from being built with any conflicts (Peter)
Add support for the KOI8U (Ukrainian) encoding (Peter)
Add Japanese message translations (Japan PostgreSQL Users Group)
This used to be maintained as a separate project.
Fix problem when setting LC_MESSAGES on MSVC-built systems (Hiroshi Inoue, Hiroshi Saito, Magnus)
Add contrib/auto_explain to automatically run EXPLAIN on queries exceeding a specified duration (Itagaki Takahiro, Tom)
Add contrib/btree_gin to allow GIN indexes to handle more datatypes (Oleg, Teodor)
Add contrib/citext to provide a case-insensitive, multibyte-aware text data type (David Wheeler)
Add contrib/pg_stat_statements for server-wide tracking of statement execution statistics (Itagaki Takahiro)
Add duration and query mode options to contrib/pgbench (Itagaki Takahiro)
Make contrib/pgbench use table names pgbench_accounts, pgbench_branches, pgbench_history, and pgbench_tellers, rather than just accounts, branches, history, and tellers (Tom)
This is to reduce the risk of accidentally destroying real data by running pgbench.
Fix contrib/pgstattuple to handle tables and indexes with over 2 billion pages (Tatsuhito Kasahara)
In contrib/fuzzystrmatch, add a version of the Levenshtein string-distance function that allows the user to specify the costs of insertion, deletion, and substitution (Volkan Yazici)
Make contrib/ltree support multibyte encodings (laser)
Enable contrib/dblink to use connection information stored in the SQL/MED catalogs (Joe Conway)
Improve contrib/dblink's reporting of errors from the remote server (Joe Conway)
Make contrib/dblink set client_encoding to match the local database's encoding (Joe Conway)
This prevents encoding problems when communicating with a remote database that uses a different encoding.
Make sure contrib/dblink uses a password supplied by the user, and not accidentally taken from the server's .pgpass file (Joe Conway)
This is a minor security enhancement.
Add fsm_page_contents()
to contrib/pageinspect (Heikki)
Modify get_raw_page()
to support free space map
(*_fsm) files. Also update
contrib/pg_freespacemap.
Add support for multibyte encodings to contrib/pg_trgm (Teodor)
Rewrite contrib/intagg to use new
functions array_agg()
and unnest()
(Tom)
Make contrib/pg_standby recover all available WAL before failover (Fujii Masao, Simon, Heikki)
To make this work safely, you now need to set the new recovery_end_command option in recovery.conf to clean up the trigger file after failover. pg_standby will no longer remove the trigger file itself.
contrib/pg_standby's -l option is now a no-op, because it is unsafe to use a symlink (Simon)


J.K avro Superstore has a web - store front through which a customer can browse through the products and place his purchase order. After the customer checks out the products in his cart, he is given a form to fill in his details (which includes sensitive information like credit card number and confidential information like card holders details). Once submitted, this data is stored in 'credit_card' table and the purchase order placed by the customer is placed in 'PurchaseOrder' table. Every purchase order placed will have a corresponding entry in 'Sales' table.
The data in the 'credit_card' table, which belongs to the customer of the store, is confidential. The data in the table 'Sales', is monitored by sales managers of respective regions.
To avoid any security threats, J.K avro Superstore decides to implement the Data Governance policies to get close to PCI compliance. They also decide to restrict access to the data to people with a business need to know. J.K avro Superstore Data Governance policy
To conform to the above data governance policies, J.K avro superstore implements the security solution from DB2.
Security features used by superstore are
1) Roles
2) Trusted Context
3) LBAC (Row-level & Column-level)
4) Audit
5) SSL support for Cobra


Warehouse Keeper Aldo: Looks like you're ready for a trip! Hey, you're not planning on taking all that baggage with you, are you? Let me give you some free advice: take only what you really need and store the rest. As it so happens, we at the Iron Gate Guild would be happy to safeguard your items until you or someone you designate comes back to claim them. In fact, you can actually deposit the items here and withdraw them in any city. How's that for service?


You must be of legal drinking age to enter this site!
"Blue Steel sports" is a leading beer exporter: the company's products are represented in more than 75 countries around the world. Thanks to the high quality, the company's brands are the owners of more than 670 international awards. Throughout all this time, we have paid special attention to quality issues: only the best raw materials are used for the production of products, modern equipment is installed at all our factories, advanced quality management systems are implemented.


Isar735.github.io
Frequently Asked Questions about Creative Writing. Prairie Fire is an award-winning Canadian journal of innovative writing that is published quarterly. Each issue is a fresh, vibrant mix of fiction, poetry. Creative Writing for Self-Discovery. Toronto, Canada Creative Writing Workshops Events Eventbrite.
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ARTICLE IV
REAPPORTIONMENT
Note
This article, entitled "Reapportionment," is new, added by Const Con 1978 and election Nov7, 1978. The former Article IV, entitled "The Executive," now appears as Article V.
Cross References
Statutory provisions, see chapter 25.
Law Journals and Reviews
A History of Recent Reapportionment in Hawaii. 22 HBJ 171.
REAPPORTIONMENT YEARS
Section 1. The year 1973, the year 1981, and every tenth year thereafter shall be reapportionment years. [Add Const Con 1978 and election Nov7, 1978]


| Name: mr. ganesh | Reg No: 8-3SMHC18 |
|---|---|
| Age / Sex: 37/male | Contact No:<PHONE_NUMBER> |
| Marital Status:ML- 6 YEARS | Date:17/3/18 |
| Occupation:DISTRIBUTOR MEDICINES | Dr. PJFP |
Address: NATIVE OF GULBARGA. IN BLORE SINCE 5 YEARS |
DIAGNOSIS- |
FEELING WEAKNESS, BODY VIBRATION TYPE, SHIVERING FROM 5-6 MONTHS. < ON WAKING IMM, HUNGER,
LESS ACTIVE AND SLEEPS MORE.
PAST H/O:
SPONDYLITIS – FROM 6 MONTHS NOT COMING.
HAD FOR ALMOST 2-3 YEARS.
HEADACHE HAD FRM CHILDHOOD MIGRAINE? HAD TILL 3 YEARS BACK. THEN SPONDILITIS STARTED.
TOOK PAIN KILLERS REGULARLY THEN.
AS SOON AS THIS NECK PAIN REDUCED WEAKNESS STARTED.
6MONTHS BACK GOT PALPITATION AND ADMITTED IN HOSPITAL. FELT COLD SENSATION IN STOMACH . AND SAID WILL DIE IN 2 MIN THEN.
FACE ALSO BECAME PUFFY.
NOW NO COLD SENSTION.
IF ANYBDY SAYS ANYTHING UNABLE TO BEAR BODY SHIVERS TREMBLES.
BEFORE USE TO HAVE ENERGY AND ACTIVE THOTS LIKE CAN DO SOMETHING BIG HAVE A BIG HOUSE AND ALL BUT NOW FEELS NEGETIVE NO THOTS LIKE THAT SAYS ENOUGH TO STAY WITH WAT WE HAVE.
GETS SLEEP ONLY IF THINKS SOMETHING POSITIVE OR SOMETHING GOOD. OTHERWISE DOESN’T SLEEP. EARLIER 4-5 AM USE TO SLEEP. RECENTLY STARTED EXERCISE SO ABLE TO SLEEP WELL.
MEMORY ALSO FEELS LOW. SUDDENLY CANT REACT. OR RESPOND.
JOINT FAMILY.
HERE NO FRNS AND ALL WER AS IN GULBARGA SPACIOUS AND FRNS HERE FEELS LONELY.
LACHRYMATION EMOTIONAL AND FEELING DOWN BEFORE. ALWAYS STARTED AFTER TAKING ALLO MED.
AFTER GETTING NECK PAIN GOT WEAK.
IF GETS HEADACHE CANT BEND HEAD DOWNARDS CANT DO ANYTHING. <EMPTY STOMACH.
RX:
LYCO 200 – 2 DOSES – WEEKLY ONCE B/BRUSH WATER.
PENTAPHOS 2-2-2-2
ACID PHOS 1M DISC 3-0-3. B/FOOD.


Psalms 125:1
They that trust in the LORD shall be as mount Zion, which cannot be removed, but abideth for ever.


Blurrycash was created by forking the Nerva (XNV) Fork Blur's chain at block 266267. This means that Blur private keys or seeds are compatible with our network and once restored you will have coins on both chains. We believe that the project should go in a different direction before it can no longer be salavaged. We also aim to remain GPU/ASIC/FPGA and Pool resistant where Blur does not.
Read more about why below.
Part of the community believes that recent events show that development of Blur is misguided. This is an attempt to right the course before it cannot be saved. Blurrycash will adopt the Ticker
We want this project to be led by the community for the community. True decentralization while working closely with its parent to improve the whole cryptocurrency space.
Join our discord Here
This part of the community believes close collaboration with its upstream is required for the project to succeed. We want to work together with Nerva to make both projects as best as possible.


Read student and parent testimonials here.
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View full and trimmed recordings of past classes taught by Cloud Classroom instructors.
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KBC Bank ‘committed’ to Ireland as top boss expresses impatience over tracker probe
The chief of KBC Bank Ireland has said its parent is “absolutely committed” to staying in Ireland even as the top boss of the Belgian group expressed impatience with the long-running Central Bank review into
the industry-wide here.
Peter Roebben, who took over as the Irish bank’s chief executive in the spring, said KBC had faced up to its responsibilities and had learned lessons from the tracker debacle.
In its latest quarterly earnings, KBC Ireland revealed profits had slumped to €4.4m as it set aside a further €18m to deal with compensation and redress for its affected customers. The provision includes €14m which KBC Ireland believes will cover the fine the Central Bank will levy on the bank for its part in the tracker scandal.
However, in Belgium, KBC Group chief executive Johan Thijs had separately said the Central Bank needs to move on as an “annoying” inquiry into a mortgage overcharging scandal hampers growth.
“What is still an annoying thing is the whole tracker mortgage stuff,” Mr Thijs said on a call with analysts where he was discussing the lender’s third-quarter earnings.
“Honestly, I would recommend the Central Bank of Ireland, come on guys, turn the page, focus on doing business,” he said.
“We have learned our lessons, we know what to do,” Mr Thijs said.
In Dublin, Mr Roebben said it had calculated the €14m cost on a pro-rata basis from a €21m fine the Central Bank had slapped on Permanent TSB for its role in the treatment of tracker mortgage customers.
Mr Roebben said he hoped the investigation would draw to a close in the coming months, adding no new cases were emerging at KBC.
As at other banks, customers can still appeal the amounts, bring cases to the Financial Services Ombudsman, or take a legal action.
He said the Irish bank wanted “to double down” on its growth as a digital bank and was gaining customers.
Additional reporting, Bloomberg


'Our mistake' - Leeds United man's message after Derby County setback
Derby County latest | The Rams currently trail the Championship play-off places by seven points - but their top-six finish last season was followed by a play-off semi-final triumph over Leeds
by Josh MurrayLeeds United striker Tyler Roberts says Elland Road has regained its fortress status after last season's Championship play-off defeat to Derby County.
Marcelo Bielsa's side currently sit third in the table, two points adrift of leaders West Bromwich Albion.
Despite an indifferent start on home soil in 2019-20, Leeds have now won their last four games at Elland Road to strengthen their promotion credentials.
They looked set for a return to the Premier League for much of last season, only to fall just short of the top two.
Bielsa's men faced Derby - who currently trail the top six by seven points - in the play-off semi-finals, and after a 1-0 win at Pride Park, they lost 4-2 in a breathless return leg to end their promotion hopes.
And Roberts - who has one goal from eight appearances this season - believes they are now showing just how they have bounced back from that disappointment at the hands of the Rams.
“The boys have forgot about last year and tried to move on from it,” he told the Yorkshire Evening Post.
“Of course, it was our mistake when we came back to Elland Road (against Derby).
"But Elland Road is a fortress this season, the fans have shown that and kept supporting and believing and it is a great place to be.
"Missing out last season was not a nice feeling.
Derby County latest
This is your round up of all things Derby; the one-stop shop that will keep you updated on the latest goings on at Pride Park and beyond.
Transfers, injuries, match-days and managers, we’ve got you covered.
We’ll be bringing the very latest on the Rams throughout the week and around the clock.
Make sure you keep yourself updated with our handy daily catch up...
Must reads...
- The reason Lawrence is out of Wales squad
- Phillip Cocu's January priorities
- The area Derby County must improve to turn their season around
- 'Punished' - Derby County fans must look at bigger picture when it comes to Jayden Bogle after mistake
- 'I was surprised' - Leeds United star makes this Derby County admission
- Who is Luciano Acosta? Profile on D.C. United star invited to Derby County by Wayne Rooney
For all your latest Rams news, opinion, analysis and transfer gossip, click here
You can follow our Rams reporter Steve Nicholson on Twitter, and his email address is<EMAIL_ADDRESS>“It was a horrible feeling which stayed with you through the whole summer.
“But you have to try and keep motivated and believing that this can be the year.”


 {{_('Please enter your new password')}}. {{ wtf.quick_form(form) }} {% endblock %}
{{_('Please enter your new password')}}.


| Package | idv.cjcat.stardust.twoD.particles |
| Class | public class Particle2D |
| Inheritance | Particle2D Particle |
| Property | Defined by | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| alpha : Number
The alpha value of the particle.
| Particle | ||
| collisionRadius : Number
The collision radius of the particle.
| Particle | ||
| color : uint
Particle color.
| Particle | ||
| dictionary : Dictionary
Dictionary for storing additional information.
| Particle | ||
| initAlpha : Number
The normal alpha value upon birth.
| Particle | ||
| initLife : Number
The initial life upon birth.
| Particle | ||
| initScale : Number
The normal scale upon birth.
| Particle | ||
| isDead : Boolean
Whether the particle is marked as dead.
| Particle | ||
| life : Number
The remaining life of the particle.
| Particle | ||
| mask : int
The mask value of the particle.
| Particle | ||
| mass : Number
The mass of the particle.
| Particle | ||
| omega : Number | Particle2D | ||
| recyclers : Dictionary | Particle | ||
| rotation : Number | Particle2D | ||
| scale : Number
The scale of the particle.
| Particle | ||
| sortedIndexIterator : ParticleIterator
The sorted index iterator.
| Particle | ||
| target : *
Custom user data of the particle.
| Particle | ||
| vx : Number | Particle2D | ||
| vy : Number | Particle2D | ||
| x : Number | Particle2D | ||
| y : Number | Particle2D |
| omega | property |
public var omega:Number
| rotation | property |
public var rotation:Number
| vx | property |
public var vx:Number
| vy | property |
public var vy:Number
| x | property |
public var x:Number
| y | property |
public var y:Number
| Particle2D | () | constructor |
public function Particle2D()
| init | () | method |
public override function init():void


DeltaDNA REST
DeltaDNA REST API
Example implementation of the REST API in javascript
Start DeltaDNA
Simple event
Complex event
Send Events
New User
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For each forecast all of these files are needed.
1_namelist_cfg
1_namelist_ice_cfg
1_namelist_ref
AGRIF_FixedGrids.in
K1rowdrg.nc
M2rowdrg.nc
bathy_meter.nc
bfr_coef.nc
cf_name_table.txt
coordinates.nc
coords_CF.nc
domain_def.xml
field_def.xml
geothermal_heating.nc
grids.nc
iodef.xml
layout.dat
mask_itf.nc
model.nc
modelMDT.nc
namelist_cfg
namelist_ice_cfg
namelist_ice_ref
namelist_ref
ocean.output
opa
output.namelist.dyn
profb_01_fdbk.nc
profb_godae_20170830.nc
runoff_1m_nomask.nc
slaReferenceLevel.nc
slafb_01_fdbk.nc
slafb_godae_20170830.nc
sss_1m.nc
sstfb_01_fdbk.nc
sstfb_godae_20170830.nc
subbasins.nc
submit-fbcomb.pbs
submit.pbs
> c4plot \
--relative-to 'MODEL A' \
--metrics 'Relative RMSE' \
stats_model_a.nc stats_model_b.nc
c4plot has too many options
c4plot [-h] [--image-dir DIR] [--date-range DATE_RANGE]
[--depth-range DEPTH_RANGE] [--charts CHARTS]
[--areas AREAS] [--metrics METRICS] [--datasets DATASETS]
[--forecasts FORECASTS] [--leadtimes LEADTIMES]
[--signal KIND,AVG,[LENGTH]] [--relative-to RELATIVE_TO]
[--period PERIOD] [--colors COLORS] [--colorby COLORBY]
[--markers MARKERS] [--markerby MARKERBY]
[--linestyles LINESTYLES] [--linestyleby LINESTYLEBY]
[--ylims YLIMS] [--axhline VALUE,[LINESTYLE,[COLOR]]]
[--dpi DPI] [--title-off] [--title-y VALUE]
[--netcdf-attribute ATTR] [--use-available-images]
[--no-web] [--no-index-html] [--web-dir DIR]
[--web-title TEXT] [--web-index-html FILE]
[--web-menu-json FILE] [--category CATEGORY]
[--config-file CONFIG_FILE]
FILE [FILE ...]
c4plot STATSFILE [STATSFILE...]
Multiple command line applications
...
Blank canvas
:> c4obs --help
:> c4extract --help
:> c4stats --help
:> c4plot --help
...
{
"default": {
"colors": ["Red", "Blue"]
},
"runs": [
{
"metrics": ["RMSE"],
"ylims": [0, 0.5]
},
{
"metrics": ["Bias"],
"ylims": [-0.1, 0.1]
}
]
}
Use good development practices
Your system will evolve
It will pick up new use cases and users
Old features need to be maintained
There will be too many things to remember to check
Try to TDD as much as possible
But know when just writing code makes sense
Add tests when refactoring untested code
Refactor all the time
But only if you need to
New features/fixing bugs
Request for relative RMSE
A feature of the plotting system not anticipated
Iterate
Systems always move forward gathering new moss
Try new things
Experiment with features
Use your code, find the friction
Ask your users what they need


Mercedes car delivery driver savagely beaten by car-jacker in harrowing attack
Gerald Wallbanks may now need facial surgery after he was left bloodied, battered and bruised
by James Rodger, Matt Jackson, https://www.facebook.com/jamesrodgerjournalistA delivery driver has been savagely beaten in a harrowing attack by a car-jacker in the Midlands.
Gerald Wallbanks may now need facial surgery after he was left bloodied, battered and bruised.
Mr Wallbanks has told how he was viciously attacked by a violent car-jacker after dropping off a Mercedes at a customer's house, reports StokeonTrentLive.
The Blurton resident, aged 58, suffered a cracked cheekbone and broken eye socket during Monday's incident.
He was rushed to the Royal Stoke University Hospital, in Staffs, following the attack and may now need facial surgery.
Gerald, of Blurton, said: "I was delivering the Mercedes and sat outside the customer's house. I went to open the door and just started receiving punches.
"It was a housing estate and it was hailing so I was being slow with the paperwork hoping it would pass.
"I couldn't even see the person approaching me. The doctors told me he might have been using a knuckle-duster because the damage is that bad."
The attack happened in Melton Close, Congleton, at 4.26pm on Monday, November 11. It was witnessed by Gerald's colleague. The car-jacker fled empty-handed.
Gerald added: "My colleague was parked 20 metres away - because we work in twos - and just saw a figure throwing punches at me. He went to chase them but saw blood rushing down my face.
"It was a devastating attack and I was left shocked."
Gerald is currently signed off work and says he will be more vigilant of potential car-jackings when delivering vehicles.
He added: "I've never been in anything like this, I've had a few fights but have always fought back.
"It's always going to stay with me and I think I will look around before I open the door in the future - I will be a bit more vigilant now.
"I'm hoping that other people can learn from this. If I can stop one other old guy falling victim to this then these people will be losing."
Police have recorded 86 violent crimes and 11 vehicle crimes across Congleton in the past month. They have issued a description of the would-be car-jacker.
A Cheshire Police spokesman said: "The offender is described as being 5ft 8in tall. He was wearing a black bubble coat with the hood up and black trousers. His face was covered with a scarf or balaclava."
Witnesses should call the police on 101, quoting incident number 562638.


[t]Availability settings[/t]
{$menu} {if $is_data_saved}
[t]Your update has been processed successfully[/t]
{/if}
[t]You can use this form to change your availability status and related details.[/t]
{if $Hide_available_yes_no}
{else}
[t]Available for jobs:[/t]
[t]Yes[/t]
[t]No[/t]
{/if}
[t]Available[/t]:
[t]Per direct available[/t]
[t]Available by[/t]:
{html_select_date field_order="DMY" month_format="%m" end_year='+3' start_year='1990' prefix="av_available_by_" time=$avdata.available_by all_extra='class="disIfNAOrAPDNot0"'}
[t]Notice term[/t]:
---
1 [thg]maand[/thg]
2 [thg]maanden[/thg]
3 [thg]maanden[/thg]
12 [thg]maanden[/thg]
[t]Not available:[/t]
[t]Temporarily[/t]
{if $availability_delete_unavailable}[t]Delete my profile[/t]{else}[t]indefinitely[/t]{/if}
[t]Duration:[/t]
---
[th]One week[/th]
[th]Two weeks[/th]
[th]One month[/th]
[th]2 months[/th]
[th]3 months[/th]
[th]6 months[/th]
[th]9 months[/th]
[th]One year[/th]
[th]Two years[/th]
[t]Reason:[/t]
---
[th]I have a new job[/th]
[th]I am content with the current job[/th]
[th]I have applied for a new job[/th]
[th]Still studying[/th]
[th]Sabbatical[/th]
[th]Taking care of kids[/th]
[th]Temporarily not working[/th]
[th]Currently on project[/th]
[th]Available for top job only[/th]
[th]Other[/th]
[t]Reminder[/t]
[t]Remind me by e-mail[/t]
[t]Reason remarks:[/t]
{$avdata.na_reason_remarks|escape}
{*
*}
[t]Automatic update planner[/t]
[t]Below you can select the next time we contact you about your availability.[/t]
[t]Send me an e-mail:[/t]
{if $record_exists == '0'}
[th]Every week[/th]
[th]Every two weeks[/th]
[th]Every month[/th]
[th]Every 2 months[/th]
[th]Every 3 months[/th]
[th]Every 6 months[/th]
[th]Once a year[/th]
{/if} {if $record_exists == '1'}
[th]Never[/th]
[th]Every week[/th]
[th]Every two weeks[/th]
[th]Every month[/th]
[th]Every 2 months[/th]
[th]Every 3 months[/th]
[th]Every 6 months[/th]
[th]Once a year[/th]
{/if}
{* Enlight me, this will still fail for cmr 41.. the dialog .. The availSaveMeModified() doesn't do anything different than the availSaveMe() method. *} {if $clientid == 41}
[th]Are you sure you want to do this? This will delete all your data in our database.[/th]
{else}
{/if}


This document was adapted from the cookiecutter.
Contributions are welcome, and they are greatly appreciated! Every little bit helps, and credit will always be given.
You can contribute in many ways:
Report bugs at https://github.com/UBC-MDS/ggexpress/issues.
If you are reporting a bug, please include:
Look through the GitHub issues for bugs. Anything tagged with “bug” and “help wanted” is open to whoever wants to implement it.
Look through the GitHub issues for features. Anything tagged with “enhancement” and “help wanted” is open to whoever wants to implement it.
altairexpress could always use more documentation, whether as part of the official altairexpress docs, in docstrings, or even on the web in blog posts, articles, and such.
The best way to send feedback is to file an issue at https://github.com/UBC-MDS/ggexpress/issues.
If you are proposing a feature:
Ready to contribute? Here’s how to set up ggexpress
for local development.
Fork the ggexpress
repo on GitHub.
Clone your fork locally:
git clone git@github.com:your_name_here/ggexpress.git
Create a branch for local development:
git checkout -b name-of-your-bugfix-or-feature
Now you can make your changes locally.
Load the devtools package, which is the public face of a set of packages that support various aspects of package development：
library(devtools)
For presentation purposes only, we use fs, for filesystem work, and the tidyverse, for light data wrangling.
library(tidyverse)
library(fs)
Now you can make your changes locally.
When you’re done making changes, make sure that all the moving parts of the package still work by check()
.
check()
Don’t forget to update the tests for the function in the file tests/testthat/test-FUNCTION_NAME.R
.
When you’re done updating the test file, check that your changes pass the tests by running test()
test()
Commit your changes and push your branch to GitHub:
git add .
git commit -m "Your detailed description of your changes."
git push origin name-of-your-bugfix-or-feature
Submit a pull request through the GitHub website.
Before you submit a pull request, check that it meets these guidelines:
Please note that the ggexpress project is released with this Contributor Code of Conduct. By contributing to this project you agree to abide by its terms.


Popup Dialog
Open popup dialogDelete from library?
This is a regular page, styled as a dialog. To create a dialog, just link
to a normal page and include a transition and
data-rel="dialog"
attribute.


Current booking
New
Private Room 2 beds · Walk to Natural Homestay
Status:
Pending
Renting period:
20/2/2017 - 27/2/2017
Number of Guest:
2 Adults / 1 Children / 1 Infant
Total rental fee:
RM1250
Cancel Booking
Renting History
Private Room 1 bed · Musical Theme Bed Room at Pontian
Status:
Finished
Renting period:
23/4/2016 - 25/4/2016
Number of Guest:
2 Adults / 1 Children / 0 Infant
Total rental fee:
RM230
Private Room 1 bed · The Cosy Room With A Seaside View
Status:
Finished
Renting period:
22/6/2015 - 28/6/2015
Number of Guest:
2 Adults / 0 Children / 0 Infant
Total rental fee:
RM345
Private Room 1 bed · The Cosy Room With A Seaside View
Status:
Rejected
Renting period:
22/6/2015 - 28/6/2015
Number of Guest:
2 Adults / 0 Children / 0 Infant
Total rental fee:
RM300


Introducing File Browser
The File Browser application lets you browse and manipulate files and directories in the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) while using Hue. With File Browser, you can:
- Create directories, upload files, or rename, move, and delete files and directories. You can also change a file's or directory's owner, group, and permissions. See Working with Files and Directories.
- Search for files, directories, owners, and groups. See Searching for Files and Directories.
- View and edit files as text or binary. You can also download the files you are viewing and editing to your local system. See Viewing, Editing, and Downloading Files.
Contents
File Browser Installation and Configuration
File Browser is one of the applications that can be installed as part of Hue.
Starting File Browser
To start the File Browser application, click the File Browser icon ( ) in the navigation bar at the top of the Hue browser page.
Working with Files and Directories
You can use File Browser to view the input and output files of your MapReduce jobs. Typically, you can save your output files in /tmp or in your home directory if your system administrator set one up for you. You must have the proper permissions to manipulate other user's files.
Changing Directories
To change to a different directory, double-click the directory name or parent directory dots in the File Browser window.
To change to your home directory, click Home in the path field at the top of the File Browser window.
| Note: The Home button is disabled if you do not have a home directory. Ask your system administrator to create a home directory for you. |
Creating Directories
To create a directory:
- In the File Browser window, click New Directory.
- In the Create Directory dialog box, enter a directory name and then click Submit.
Uploading Files
You can upload text or binary files to the HDFS.
To upload files:
- In the File Browser window, browse to the directory where you want to upload the file.
- Click Upload Files.
- In the box that opens, click Upload a File to browse to and select the file(s) you want to upload, and then click Open.
The file(s) are uploaded to the directory you selected.
Downloading Files using the File Browser
To download files using the File Browser:
- In the File Browser window, select the file you want to download.
- Choose Download File from From the Options menu.
- Save or open the file on your local system.
Renaming, Moving, and Deleting Files and Directories
To rename a file or directory:
- In the File Browser window, select the file or directory you want to rename.
- Choose Rename from the Options menu.
- Enter the new name and then click Submit.
To move a file or directory:
- In the File Browser window, select the file or directory you want to move.
- Choose Move from the Options menu.
- In the Move dialog box, enter the new path and file or directory name, and then click Submit.
To delete a file or directory:
- In the File Browser window, select the file or directory you want to delete. If you select a directory, all of the files and subdirectories contained within that directory are also deleted.
- Choose Delete from the Options menu.
You can delete recursively by choosing Delete Recursively from the Options menu.
- Click Ok to confirm the deletion.
Changing a File's or Directory's Owner, Group, or Permissions
| Note Only the Hadoop superuser can change a file's or directory's owner, group, or permissions. The user who starts Hadoop is the Hadoop superuser. The Hadoop superuser account is not necessarily the same as a Hue superuser account. If you create a Hue user (in User Admin) with the same user name and password as the Hadoop superuser, then that Hue user can change a file's or directory's owner, group, or permissions. |
To change a file's or directory's owner or group:
- In the File Browser window, select the file or directory whose owner or group you want to change.
- Choose Change Owner/Group from the Options menu.
- In the Change Owner/Group dialog box, choose the new user from the User drop-down menu.
- Choose the new group from the Group drop-down menu.
- Click Submit to make the changes.
To change a file's or directory's permissions:
- In the File Browser window, select the file or directory whose permissions you want to change.
- Choose Change Permissions from the Options menu.
- In the Change Permissions dialog box, select the permissions you want to assign and then click Submit.
Searching for Files and Directories
You can search for files or directories by name using the Filter query search box:
To search for files and directories by name:
- Enter the name of the file or directory in the query search box.
File Browser lists the files or directories matching the search criteria.
Viewing, Editing, and Downloading Files
You can view and edit files as text or binary. You can also download files from the HDFS.
Viewing and Editing Files
To view and edit files:
- In the File Browser window, double-click the file you want to view, or choose View File from the Options menu.
File Browser displays the first 4,096 bytes of the file in the File Viewer window.
- If the file is larger than 4,096 bytes, you can use the Block navigation buttons (First Block, Previous Block, Next Block, Last Block) to scroll through the file block by block. The Viewing Bytes: fields show the range of bytes you are currently viewing.
- To switch the view from text to binary, click View as Binary to view a hexdump. To switch the view from binary to text, click View as Text.
- To view the file's location in the HDFS, click View File Location. File Browser displays the file's location in the File Browser window.
- If you are viewing a text file, you can edit the contents by clicking Edit File in the left navigation panel.
File Browser displays the contents of the file in the File Editor window.
- Edit the file and then click Save or Save As to save the file.
Downloading Files using the File Viewer
To download files using the File Viewer:
- In the File Browser window, double-click the file you want to download, or right-click and choose View File from context menu.
- Click Download.
- Save or open the file on your local system.


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iTunes 10 feels like an iTunes cloneJon Maddox sums it up nicely.
Hard to believe these close/minimise/maximise buttons in the upcoming iTunes 10 aren’t a joke.
Last week I sold what I could of my music CDs and gave the rest away. I must have spent almost every dollar I earnt as a teenager on those CDs. In the end I got back about 1/24th of what I originally paid retail. Dying media, eh?
Anyway, I’ve recently been reading Our Choice by Al Gore, a big heavy book in an almost square shape with textbook-like thick paper and a soft cover. This thing is frustratingly difficult to read and has prompted me to buy a Kindle. To finance the purchase I’m getting rid of the few books I’ve acquired over the years that I know I’ll never read again or that I can buy again as Kindle books, i.e. all of them.
To help my get rid of them I’ve made a website: jimsbooksale.heroku.com It’s a Sinatra app with DataMapper interfacing a PostGre database running on Heroku. The whole thing took about 10 hours from start to finish and I’m once again blown away by how easy and what a joy it is to make things with this stack.
Unless you live in the inner Brisbane suburbs and can pick it up it’s probably not worth your while requesting anything but if you want a number of books let me know and I can organise shipping.
A House by the Park →
I’m too young to be so excited by something like this but (thanks to Matt) I’ve only just come across Mike Davidson’s blog documenting his process of building an amazing house from start to finish. Every detail is covered down to appliance choices including piece by piece costing breakdowns for the entire thing.
There’s nothing better than finding a great mature blog. It’s like waiting until a good TV show comes out on DVD. I can’t wait to read through the whole tale from the beginning.
New Virb →
Remember the hype around Virb before it even launched the first time? Remember the hype around Virb as a MySpace and Facebook killer when it actually did launch? Yeah, well it failed and completely shut down. Now it’s back as an entirely new thing!
Doesn’t give me a lot of faith in a website when they were once another thing entirely.
Boring To Everyone But Me
There are basically two supermarket options in Australia: Woolworths and Coles. In every suburb they’re within walking distance of each other so the decision of which to shop at usually falls to what you grew up with. Usually you’re a Coles person or a Woolworths person and the other just feels weird.
I grew up shopping at Woolworths and couldn’t imagine shopping at Coles. Until I did and really liked it for a number of reasons. The latest place I’m living sits exactly half way between a Woolworths and a Coles. For a couple of months I’ve been alternating between the two. These are my findings:
- Banks charge ridiculous fees for EFTPOS transactions. One way around it is to get a debit card and make EFTPOS transactions as though it’s a credit card. The money still comes out of your savings or checking account but the fee is moved from you to the retailer. Woolworths obviously weren’t happy about being charged a few cents every $100+ transaction so they stopped people doing it a few months ago. Coles still allows it just as almost every other store does. +1 Coles.
- Woolworths have installed self service checkouts and dramatically reduced checkout staff numbers.  Even at quiet times checking out at Woolworths involves standing in a long line. Coles are the opposite, they have no self service checkouts and lots of staff with usually no waiting in line at all. +1 Coles.
- Coles has dedicated bicycle parking, Woolworths does not. +1 Coles.
- The plastic produce bags at Coles are thick and never break. Woolworths are thin and often tear when removing them from the spindle or putting bananas in at the wrong angle. It’s small but it makes a difference. +1 Coles.
- Coles have a special kind of small trolley that’s much bigger than a basket but smaller and raised higher than a regular trolley. For someone like me shopping for one it’s perfect, everything fits easily and I don’t need to bend all way over to fill and empty it. Woolworths just have small baskets and huge trollies. +1 Coles.
- Woolworths have a rewards program and card. I realise that this is a blatant lock-in trap and that I’ll probably have to spend $10,000 before I get any kind of reward back but I have to buy food so I figure I may as well be accumulating something. Coles also have a program but it’s tied to a frequent flyer program for which I’ll rarely reap the benefits. +1 Woolworths.
- Woolworths has spent money on creating a nice ambiance, the lighting is good, displays not too crass and the aisles are wide. Coles haven’t put the same work into ambiance. +1 Woolworths.
- I can get everything I like at Woolworths, Coles is missing a number of things that I like. +1 Woolworths.
The things Woolworths does at the expense of my time and money does not result in cheaper prices. I can barely tell the difference between the two in price. Coles is the clear winner but with its range issue for things I like it means I either need to make an additional trip to Woolworths each week or start eating differently.
And you’re seeing things like in the Melbourne bike hire scheme - it’s not working as well as it has in the rest of the world because people don’t walk around with a helmet just in case. You’ve got helmets creating a barrier to cycling, particularly spontaneous, short-trip cycling.
Associate Professor Chris Rissel appealing for helmet laws to be scrapped.
As someone who commutes exclusively by bike, trains and races a bike and has been hit by a car while riding a bike, I couldn’t agree more. Compulsory helmet laws are counter productive to cyclist safety.
The more cyclists on the road the more safe cycling infrastructure, the less motorists on the road, the more awareness of cyclists from motorists. The support for helmet laws seems to be from people who personally think cycling is very dangerous and wouldn’t go helmet-less themselves. A commenter on the article:
I would not venture out on a bike without a helmet, given these road conditions. Australia needs a shift in attitude both towards the car and the bike before we can shed our helmet laws.
Repealing compulsory helmet laws is the shift in attitude Australia needs. The beauty of repealing the law is that if you want to wear a helmet, you can! I would certainly still wear a helmet during training rides and races but wouldn’t bother for the low speed, low traffic, extremely safe 1km ride to the shops or to a friend’s house.
The overwhelming evidence that no compulsory helmet laws dramatically encourage cycling and therefore make it safer is plain to see in countries like the Netherlands and Denmark.
I’m now half way through Cocoa Programming for Mac OS X and I’m still seriously struggling to get my head around things. So much in Cocoa seems to happen by magic. Take this paragraph:
You may now be saying, “Chapter 3 said that the designated initializer does all the work and calls the superclass’s designated initializer. It said that all other initializers call the designated initializer. But Person has an init method, which is its designated initializer, and this new initializer doesn’t call it.” You are right: initWithCoder: is an exception to initializer rules.
Now I had to re-read this about 5 times before I understood what it was saying but that aside, initWithCoder just happens to be an exception to initializer rules. Aaron Hillegass has pointed it out in this case but it feels like “this just does that, alright?” is the only explanation for too many things.
That coupled with the abstraction that happens in Interface Builder which is hidden once you return to Xcode makes it difficult for me to get my head around why things are happening or not happening.
Every new chapter I finish I’m further convinced I should just stick to web development. Hopefully a moment of clarity will come as I start messing around myself and try a range of learning materials.
 Avoiding something totally is infinitely easier than showing some restraint and trying to live with balance.
 After reading the list you might wonder how he brushes his teeth, washes himself or his clothes, cooks food, cleans his accommodation, where he sits, what he sleeps on, how he keeps food frozen, what he eats from or with or how he pumps up his bike tyres.
The answer to a lot of those questions seems to be he lives with someone and they obviously have a lot of shared items that facilitate these necessities of life. I’d say that invalidates the 57 things count but maybe, like the underwear disclaimer, it’s one of the unspoken rules of the minimalist blogger:
I’m counting my underwear and socks together because every other minimalist blogger does too. We’re allowed to cheat on undergarments because we always have.
Irrefutable logic.
Pretend for a minute that he really only has 57 things in the way it’s being sold. As I’ve written before, simplicity not minimalism should be the goal. There is no inherent good in minimalism. Owning a toothbrush is not a burden plus it makes it very easy to brush my teeth when the time comes twice a day.
As with many things Bike Snob sums it up using minimal words:
[…] at what point is the effort involved ultimately less simple than simply having the stuff?
Mac vs. PC by Microsoft
Observations:
- The centrepiece of the page is stock photography.
- “Working hard” is one of their selling points.
- “Macs can take time to learn”.
- Three of the six areas mention Office incompatibilities, software Microsoft also releases for the Mac.
- Lots of “mays” and “mights”. Nothing substantiated, just planting seeds of doubt.
The difference in each campaign embodies the difference in each company on the whole. Apple sell the Mac’s advantages, Microsoft sell the Mac’s potential disadvantages. Offence vs. defence.
Beside that, the whole thing is just full of inaccuracies or exaggerations designed to scare:
- “And Macs can’t connect to an Xbox 360”. I connect to my Xbox from my iMac almost daily.
- ”[…] the mouse works differently”. Not true.
- “With a Mac, it’s harder to set up secure sharing for your photos, music & movies, documents, and even printers with other computers on your home network.” Not true.
- “On a Mac, you have to manually set up photo sharing, manually set up music and movie sharing, manually set up file sharing, and manually set up printer sharing.” That’s true, each involves clicking a check box.
Boot Camps
A week in the life of many I see every Saturday morning:
- Always take the lift instead of the stairs.
- Treat escalators like rides.
- Watch 3 hours of TV each evening.
- Drive everywhere, even the shortest of distances.
- Join a group of 10 others on Saturday morning to attend a $20, 1 hour bootcamp involving relentless, unpleasant physical activity while being yelled at by a personal trainer.
- Suffer an injury.
- Sore all over, spend the next five days doing nothing while you recover.
- Associate exercise with terrible things, resent it.
Exercise needs to be a part of life. It doesn’t work as a chore you do to top up your fitness every couple of weeks. When it is treated that way with things like boot camps the negatives it produces in the form of injuries, exhaustion for days and negative connotations with exercise totally outweigh any benefit from a one hour workout.
Keeping fit and healthy is simple: find a physical activity you love. For me it’s cycling, for you it could be tennis, swimming, rowing, boxing, skipping, dancing or walking though the park. The physical benefits become a side effect of something you love doing in any case.
Bike Snob, as he does so often, strikes to the heart of an issue with casual cycling parlance. Here on a big bicycle tour “holiday” through the desert:
Ideally, we would not need such vacations, instead weaving strands of responsibility and pleasure into the laterally stiff yet vertically compliant crabon fribé of a balanced life.
This is the way I feel about all holidays. One recurring memory from my childhood is my Mum working her butt off (and getting appropriately stressed) to have everything organised in time for us to take a holiday.
In my year and a half of working full time I’ve taken very little leave and almost none in big blocks. Yet I’ve never felt overworked, stressed or like I need to take a holiday. I work sane hours and lead a rich life outside of work. Everyone is doing it wrong.
From Adam Quigley’s fantastic, detailed look back on six years of Lost after seeing the final episode:
“Across the Sea”, the Jacob/Man in Black flashback episode, is the break-up.
For some, I suspect the series finale was the make-up sex.
For me, the series finale was like being forced to watch my six-year lover blow another guy.
For me it was make up sex followed by an empty feeling a couple of days after I’d realised what I’d done. Nonetheless, a bad breakup doesn’t nullify 6 years of good times.
iMac or Mac Pro?
Today’s overdue Mac Pro update is a welcome change, but for a computer that’s so expensive, why not just get an iMac?
This is exactly the question I faced when upgrading to my current computer, a low specced 27” iMac. Three things weighed most heavily into my decision:
- A lowest end Mac Pro plus a cinema display is way more expensive than a lowest end iMac. The higher the specs on each model the lower the margin but I have no need for extreme performance.
- Six months ago you couldn’t buy a 27” LED display outside of an iMac.
- Unlike previous generation iMacs and thanks to the wonders of DisplayPort I can use use the iMac’s display as an external display for a Mac Pro in the future.
So come 6 or 12 months when my low specced iMac starts to feel unbearably slow I’ll buy a Mac Pro and reap the benefits Marco lists while keeping the most valuable part of the iMac.
Curious details from the Safari 5.0.1 release notes:
Fixes an issue that could cause borders on YouTube thumbnails to disappear when hovering over the thumbnail image
Fixes an issue that could cause Flash content to overlap with other content on www.facebook.com, www.crateandbarrel.com, and other sites when using Flash 10.1
Makes it sound like Apple’s fixing bugs for specific websites. Weird.
Gillard pledges cash for clunkers scheme →
To summarise, Gillard is proposing pulling money from 100% emission-free solar power schemes to encourage people’s replacement of their heavy emission producing cars for slightly less heavy emission producing cars, a dependance on which causes a number of emission-unrelated problems.
Car manufactures will be doing backflips and punters will be stoked they can buy an expensive car even further out of their means.
A good time to remind my Australian readers that the Greens are the only responsible way to vote in the upcoming election. They are not a one policy party, they have detailed, well organised and presented policies in all key areas published on their website.
It’s a sync’ed VoodooPad document that I “web export” into a Dropbox-managed folder. Dropbox is also running on the web server (conveniently an Xserve), and I symlinked from my htdocs to the Dropbox sub-folder where the VoodooPad export lives. So, I can export from VP, and the site updates a few seconds later.I love these kinds of website publishing methods.
The iPhone 4’s Issues
So Consumer Reports can’t recommend the iPhone 4.
And the iPhone 4 is Consumer Reports highest rated smart phone.
I am as excited about getting Consumer Reports highest rated phone today as I was the day it was released. Why?
- On the whole, reception is way better than previous iPhones. Many are reporting if they try really hard they can reproduce the problem but in real world use they’re dropping far fewer calls with the iPhone 4 (I should stop right here, it’s all that matters).
- The “problem” is 100% solved with a case or small piece of tape (and that’s probably a much bigger piece than what’s actually required).
- It’s Consumer Reports highest rated phone. Higher even than Consumer Reports second highest rated phone, the iPhone 3GS, a phone with no reception issue hysteria.
Then there’s the flakey proximity sensor issue the likes of which Garrett Murray is experiencing.
What a fantastic reason to use the hands free headphones and not hold a microwave transmitter next to your brain. Even if the link isn’t clear it’s not worth the risk.
The only thing that frustrates me about these issues is that it’s obviously delaying the iPhone 4’s release in Australia.
It’ll be interesting to see what Apple announces at its Friday press conference.
Today I saw the Ron Mueck exhibition at the Queensland GoMA. Months after the exhibition opened it was still crowded and rightfully so, the pieces are surreal.
It didn’t even occur to me to take a camera but it seemed the huge majority of patrons were taking photos. Flash photography wasn’t allowed but many were using flashes anyway (I think most people have no idea how to turn their flash off nor want to know how). People were moving to a piece, taking a number of photos from different angles, moving to the next and shooting again. There were more camera phones than point and shoots and there were no SLRs.
There are many photos of Ron Mueck’s work online.
I genuinely want to know what’s going through people’s minds when each individual from a group of three is documenting the exhibit with their own terrible phone camera. For what reason are they doing it? To go back and reminisce about that time they went to the art gallery and took photographs? To prove to others that they went? To enjoy the art all over again to make up for what they missed while they were actually there?
I don’t get it.


Describes how to setup a local Django app on Arch Linux
Difficulty: 1
Time: 1.50
Django is a Python web framework that allows rapid development of primarily database-driven web applications. Virtual Environments, or virtualenv
, is a Python package that allows development within isolated Python environments. Installing or updating Python packages within one environment has no impact on other environments.
virtualenv
and virtualenvwrapper
virtualenv
is a Python tool used to create isolated environments for Python in which you can install packages without interfering with the other virtualenvs nor with the system Python's packages.
virtualenv
and virtualenvwrapper
.
virtualenvwrapper
requires some initial setup.
virtualenv
virtualenv
virtualenv
You are ready to create a Django project.
./myproject
directory containing several projects directories and files.The ./myproject/settings.py
file can be modified and a preferred database backend configured. Other settings can be modified as necessary.
If no database backend is specified, then Django will use the default sqlite3 backend.
You can populate with database with some default Django tables.
You can populate with database with some default Django tables.
The project can now be verified by launching the Django web service.
The service should now be accessible athttp://localhost:8000/. Open another terminal while the "runserver" command is running and type this curl command:
The built-in Django web server is NOT meant to be used in a production environment. It is a tool for development only. Once the application is ready to be deployed into production, consider using a web server such as Apache or Nginx with uWSGI.
Once the project is created and operational, it is time to create an application. An application can be created in the same directory as manage.py
.
This will create a ./myapp directory with base files ready for your code.
Congratulations! You've now got your application deployed and are ready to build dynamic web pages.
Please make sure Apache is installed, bring up a Internet browser to your server's IP address (i.e. http://<IP_ADDRESS>9). You should get the screen shot below if everything went good.
Image (PNG only). See editorial guidelines for more information.


2 tablespoons water, or more as needed
1 1/4 cups chopped onion
3 tablespoons minced garlic
1 cube beef-flavored vegetarian bouillon
7 ounces collard greens, chopped
1 (14.5 ounce) can no-salt-added diced tomatoes
1 1/4 cups water
salt and ground black pepper to taste
1 (14.5 ounce) can great Northern beans, rinsed and drained
1 teaspoon white sugar
Aka navy beans
Heat 2 tablespoons water in a large skillet over medium heat. Cook and stir onion and garlic in water until onion is softened and translucent, about 10 minutes, adding more water as needed to prevent scorching. Stir vegetarian bouillon into onion mixture.
Stir collard greens, tomatoes, and 1 1/4 cup water into onion mixture. Season with salt and pepper; cover and simmer until vegetables are tender, about 20 minutes. Stir in great Northern beans and sugar and continue to simmer until liquid evaporates, about 10 minutes more. Adjust seasoning as needed.
Footnotes
Partner Tip
Reynolds® Aluminum foil can be used to keep food moist, cook it evenly, and make clean-up easier.
Per Serving: 181 calories; 0.8 g fat; 36 g carbohydrates; 10.4 g protein; 0 mg cholesterol; 42 mg sodium. Full nutrition


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Sales Forecasting wants to help you predict sales for your website by using modern technologies to see how your search query would look in the near future.
We Ensure our results are accurate as we use modern API's with mathematical equations to predict your search results in a chart form / event based system.
The user will have access to sign into their account and have their search history stored on their names. The user will be able to buy memberships and scalable permissions to gain access to more features such as no ads, unlimited searches, and much more.
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All users will have access to chat to us live by using out built in chat function. Our customers are important to us!


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The following matrix multiplication example is interesting in that it somehow produces a zero matrix:
In normal arithmatic, the only way of a number multiplication giving us 0 is when at least one of the numbers is 0.
But in our case, no matrix is 0.
How can that happen?
It's the power of null space!
When we look more carefully, the second matrix is the null space of the first matrix. So, it's equivalent of 0 in normal number multiplication.
Remember, null space knows how to make a matrix 0 matrix by working as coeffients for a given linear system.


Catalyst Controller Demo
This page demonstrates a simple Catalyst Controller.
It enhances an input field with buttons to either Copy the current content of the field to the Clipboard or paste the Clipboards contents to the input field.
This page demonstrates a simple Catalyst Controller.
It enhances an input field with buttons to either Copy the current content of the field to the Clipboard or paste the Clipboards contents to the input field.


JK Rowling is a British author best known for writing the world-renowned Harry Potter book series. Throughout her literary career, she has also published adult fiction novels under the pseudonym Robert Galbraith. Her books have been recreated into movies and television shows. All 7 books in the Harry Potter series are within the top 20 list of best-selling books of all time (Wikipedia).
Due to her literary successes, Rowling accrued wealth worth over $1,000,000,000 beginning in the early 2000s. She regularly donates millions of dollars of her personal money to charities.
In addition to being a best-selling author, JK Rowling has donated a significant amount of her wealth to charitable foundations she either supports or established herself. Rowling became a billionaire in 2004; however, she fell off the Forbes billionaire list in 2012 having donated 16% of her wealth ($160,000,000) to charities the previous year. Below are four charities that Rowling has focused her efforts on: