Fitting a Doublet and Deriving the Redshift
import pyspeckit
# Read in J000002.09+155254.1 spectrum, a nice emission-line galaxy from Sloan
sp = pyspeckit.Spectrum('../tests/SIIdoublet.fits')
# Read in rest wavelengths of SII lines. If you didn't know the names already,
# you could do sp.speclines.optical.lines.keys() to see what is available.
SIIa = sp.speclines.optical.lines['SIIa'][0]
SIIb = sp.speclines.optical.lines['SIIb'][0]
# Wavelength difference between doublet lines - use to tie positions together
offset = SIIb - SIIa
# Let's have a look at the spectrum
sp.plotter()
raw_input('Let\'s do a simple continuum subtraction (continue)')
# Plot the baseline fit
sp.baseline(subtract = False)
raw_input('Let\'s zoom in on the SII doublet (continue)')
# Subtract the baseline fit and save
sp.baseline()
sp.plotter.savefig('doublet_example_fullspectrum.png')
# Guess for the redshift - otherwise we'll end up with the Halpha-NII complex
z = 0.02
# Zoom in on SII doublet
sp.plotter(xmin = SIIa * (1 + z) - 75, xmax = SIIb * (1 + z) + 75, ymin = -10, ymax = 60)
# Guess amplitudes to be 100, positions to be rest wavelengths
# times factor (1 + z), and widths to be 5 Angstroms
guesses = [100, SIIa * (1 + z), 5, 100, SIIb * (1 + z), 5]
tied = ['', '', '', '', 'p[1] + %g' % offset, '']
# Do the fit, and plot it
sp.specfit(guesses = guesses, tied = tied, quiet = False)
sp.plotter.savefig('doublet_example_SII.png')
raw_input('Hooray! The doublet has been fit. ')
SIIb_obs = sp.specfit.modelpars[-2]
print 'Our guess for the redshift was z = 0.02.'
print 'The redshift, as derived by the line shift, is z = %g' % ((SIIb_obs / SIIb) - 1)
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Three plus n components built with the angular directive
pageslide
See the demo and the api for more stuff


Far-right rally in Hannover met by huge counter-protest
by Alastair JamiesonAs many as 7,000 people turned out Hannover, Germany on Saturday to protest against a march by extreme-right organisation, NPD.
The city’s police department had banned the NPD rally, but the decision was overturned by a court ruling.
According to observers, about 100 right-wing extremists participated in the NPD event, which was directed at three journalists who have reported on the extremism scene and the rise of neo-Nazis.
The campaign group Reporters Without Borders said that “attacks on journalists and interference with their private lives are no longer a rarity."
Among those joining the larger counter-protest was the city’s new Green party mayor, Belit Onay.


Main authors
Thomas
Bödrich
Dresden University of Technology
Institute of Electromechanical and Electronic Design
01062 Dresden, Germany
Phone: +49 -<PHONE_NUMBER>6
Fax: +49 -<PHONE_NUMBER>3
email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Johannes
Ziske
Dresden University of Technology
Institute of Electromechanical and Electronic Design
01062 Dresden, Germany
Phone: +49 -<PHONE_NUMBER>0
Fax: +49 -<PHONE_NUMBER>3
email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Acknowledgements
- The magnetisation characteristics of the included soft magnetic
materials were compiled and measured respectively by Thomas
Roschke, now with Johnson Electric. Provision of this data is
highly appreciated. He also formulated the approximation function
used for description of the magnetisation characteristics of these
materials.
- André Klick of then Dresden University of Technology, Dresden,
Germany gave valuable support on the implementation of this
library. His contribution is highly appreciated, too.
- The hysteresis models of this library have been developed by
Johannes Ziske and Thomas Bödrich as part of the Clean Sky JTI project; project
number: 296369; Theme: JTI-CS-2011-1-SGO-02-026;
MOMOLIB - Modelica Model Library Development for Media, Magnetic
Systems and Wavelets. The partial financial support by the European
Union for this development is highly appreciated.
Generated at 2019-01-25T16:44:03Z by OpenModelica 1.14.0~dev-130-gefa44fb


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This command can remove libraries that are added using lean library add
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file.
Custom C# libraries are removed from your C# project file (the file ending in .csproj
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InductionProof by Induction
Require Export LF.Basics.
For the Require Export to work, you first need to use
coqc to compile Basics.v into Basics.vo. This is like
making a .class file from a .java file, or a .o file from a .c
file. There are two ways to do it:
If you have trouble (e.g., if you get complaints about missing
identifiers later in the file), it may be because the "load path"
for Coq is not set up correctly. The Print LoadPath. command may
be helpful in sorting out such issues.
- In CoqIDE:
Open Basics.v. In the "Compile" menu, click on "Compile Buffer".(N.b.: These instructions need to be updated to take the "-R LF ." into account. Can a CoqIDE expert tell me how this is done, please?)
- From the command line:
make Basics.vo
Proof by Induction
Theorem plus_n_O_firsttry : ∀ n:nat,
n = n + 0.
... can't be done in the same simple way. Just applying
reflexivity doesn't work, since the n in n + 0 is an arbitrary
unknown number, so the match in the definition of + can't be
simplified.
Proof.
intros n.
simpl. (* Does nothing! *)
Abort.
And reasoning by cases using destruct n doesn't get us much
further: the branch of the case analysis where we assume n = 0
goes through fine, but in the branch where n = S n' for some n' we
get stuck in exactly the same way.
Theorem plus_n_O_secondtry : ∀ n:nat,
n = n + 0.
Proof.
intros n. destruct n as [| n'].
- (* n = 0 *)
reflexivity. (* so far so good... *)
- (* n = S n' *)
simpl. (* ...but here we are stuck again *)
Abort.
We could use destruct n' to get one step further, but,
since n can be arbitrarily large, if we just go on like this
we'll never finish.
To prove interesting facts about numbers, lists, and other
inductively defined sets, we usually need a more powerful
reasoning principle: induction.
Recall (from high school, a discrete math course, etc.) the
principle of induction over natural numbers: If P(n) is some
proposition involving a natural number n and we want to show
that P holds for all numbers n, we can reason like this:
In Coq, the steps are the same: we begin with the goal of proving
P(n) for all n and break it down (by applying the induction
tactic) into two separate subgoals: one where we must show P(O)
and another where we must show P(n') → P(S n'). Here's how
this works for the theorem at hand:
- show that P(O) holds;
- show that, for any n', if P(n') holds, then so does P(S n');
- conclude that P(n) holds for all n.
Theorem plus_n_O : ∀ n:nat, n = n + 0.
Proof.
intros n. induction n as [| n' IHn'].
- (* n = 0 *) reflexivity.
- (* n = S n' *) simpl. rewrite <- IHn'. reflexivity. Qed.
Like destruct, the induction tactic takes an as...
clause that specifies the names of the variables to be introduced
in the subgoals. Since there are two subgoals, the as... clause
has two parts, separated by |. (Strictly speaking, we can omit
the as... clause and Coq will choose names for us. In practice,
this is a bad idea, as Coq's automatic choices tend to be
confusing.)
In the first subgoal, n is replaced by 0. No new variables
are introduced (so the first part of the as... is empty), and
the goal becomes 0 + 0 = 0, which follows by simplification.
In the second subgoal, n is replaced by S n', and the
assumption n' + 0 = n' is added to the context with the name
IHn' (i.e., the Induction Hypothesis for n'). These two names
are specified in the second part of the as... clause. The goal
in this case becomes (S n') + 0 = S n', which simplifies to
S (n' + 0) = S n', which in turn follows from IHn'.
Theorem minus_diag : ∀ n,
minus n n = 0.
Proof.
(* WORKED IN CLASS *)
intros n. induction n as [| n' IHn'].
- (* n = 0 *)
simpl. reflexivity.
- (* n = S n' *)
simpl. rewrite → IHn'. reflexivity. Qed.
(The use of the intros tactic in these proofs is actually
redundant. When applied to a goal that contains quantified
variables, the induction tactic will automatically move them
into the context as needed.)
Exercise: 2 stars, recommended (basic_induction)
Prove the following using induction. You might need previously proven results.Theorem mult_0_r : ∀ n:nat,
n * 0 = 0.
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Theorem plus_n_Sm : ∀ n m : nat,
S (n + m) = n + (S m).
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Theorem plus_comm : ∀ n m : nat,
n + m = m + n.
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Theorem plus_assoc : ∀ n m p : nat,
n + (m + p) = (n + m) + p.
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Fixpoint double (n:nat) :=
match n with
| O ⇒ O
| S n' ⇒ S (S (double n'))
end.
Use induction to prove this simple fact about double:
Lemma double_plus : ∀ n, double n = n + n .
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Exercise: 2 stars, optional (evenb_S)
One inconvenient aspect of our definition of evenb n is the recursive call on n - 2. This makes proofs about evenb n harder when done by induction on n, since we may need an induction hypothesis about n - 2. The following lemma gives an alternative characterization of evenb (S n) that works better with induction:Theorem evenb_S : ∀ n : nat,
evenb (S n) = negb (evenb n).
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Exercise: 1 starM (destruct_induction)
Briefly explain the difference between the tactics destruct and induction.☐
Proofs Within Proofs
Theorem mult_0_plus' : ∀ n m : nat,
(0 + n) * m = n * m.
Proof.
intros n m.
assert (H: 0 + n = n). { reflexivity. }
rewrite → H.
reflexivity. Qed.
The assert tactic introduces two sub-goals. The first is
the assertion itself; by prefixing it with H: we name the
assertion H. (We can also name the assertion with as just as
we did above with destruct and induction, i.e., assert (0 + n
= n) as H.) Note that we surround the proof of this assertion
with curly braces { ... }, both for readability and so that,
when using Coq interactively, we can see more easily when we have
finished this sub-proof. The second goal is the same as the one
at the point where we invoke assert except that, in the context,
we now have the assumption H that 0 + n = n. That is,
assert generates one subgoal where we must prove the asserted
fact and a second subgoal where we can use the asserted fact to
make progress on whatever we were trying to prove in the first
place.
Another example of assert...
For example, suppose we want to prove that (n + m) + (p + q)
= (m + n) + (p + q). The only difference between the two sides of
the = is that the arguments m and n to the first inner +
are swapped, so it seems we should be able to use the
commutativity of addition (plus_comm) to rewrite one into the
other. However, the rewrite tactic is not very smart about
where it applies the rewrite. There are three uses of + here,
and it turns out that doing rewrite → plus_comm will affect
only the outer one...
Theorem plus_rearrange_firsttry : ∀ n m p q : nat,
(n + m) + (p + q) = (m + n) + (p + q).
Proof.
intros n m p q.
(* We just need to swap (n + m) for (m + n)... seems
like plus_comm should do the trick! *)
rewrite → plus_comm.
(* Doesn't work...Coq rewrote the wrong plus! *)
Abort.
To use plus_comm at the point where we need it, we can introduce
a local lemma stating that n + m = m + n (for the particular m
and n that we are talking about here), prove this lemma using
plus_comm, and then use it to do the desired rewrite.
Theorem plus_rearrange : ∀ n m p q : nat,
(n + m) + (p + q) = (m + n) + (p + q).
Proof.
intros n m p q.
assert (H: n + m = m + n).
{ rewrite → plus_comm. reflexivity. }
rewrite → H. reflexivity. Qed.
Formal vs. Informal Proof
"Informal proofs are algorithms; formal proofs are code."
Theorem plus_assoc' : ∀ n m p : nat,
n + (m + p) = (n + m) + p.
Proof. intros n m p. induction n as [| n' IHn']. reflexivity.
simpl. rewrite → IHn'. reflexivity. Qed.
Coq is perfectly happy with this. For a human, however, it
is difficult to make much sense of it. We can use comments and
bullets to show the structure a little more clearly...
Theorem plus_assoc'' : ∀ n m p : nat,
n + (m + p) = (n + m) + p.
Proof.
intros n m p. induction n as [| n' IHn'].
- (* n = 0 *)
reflexivity.
- (* n = S n' *)
simpl. rewrite → IHn'. reflexivity. Qed.
... and if you're used to Coq you may be able to step
through the tactics one after the other in your mind and imagine
the state of the context and goal stack at each point, but if the
proof were even a little bit more complicated this would be next
to impossible.
A (pedantic) mathematician might write the proof something like
this:
The overall form of the proof is basically similar, and of
course this is no accident: Coq has been designed so that its
induction tactic generates the same sub-goals, in the same
order, as the bullet points that a mathematician would write. But
there are significant differences of detail: the formal proof is
much more explicit in some ways (e.g., the use of reflexivity)
but much less explicit in others (in particular, the "proof state"
at any given point in the Coq proof is completely implicit,
whereas the informal proof reminds the reader several times where
things stand).
Theorem: Addition is commutative.
Proof: (* FILL IN HERE *)
☐
Theorem: true = beq_nat n n for any n.
Proof: (* FILL IN HERE *)
☐
- Theorem: For any n, m and p,
n + (m + p) = (n + m) + p.Proof: By induction on n.
- First, suppose n = 0. We must show
0 + (m + p) = (0 + m) + p.This follows directly from the definition of +.
- Next, suppose n = S n', where
n' + (m + p) = (n' + m) + p.We must show(S n') + (m + p) = ((S n') + m) + p.By the definition of +, this follows fromS (n' + (m + p)) = S ((n' + m) + p),which is immediate from the induction hypothesis. Qed.
- First, suppose n = 0. We must show
Exercise: 2 stars, advanced, recommendedM (plus_comm_informal)
Translate your solution for plus_comm into an informal proof:☐
Exercise: 2 stars, optionalM (beq_nat_refl_informal)
Write an informal proof of the following theorem, using the informal proof of plus_assoc as a model. Don't just paraphrase the Coq tactics into English!☐
More Exercises
Exercise: 3 stars, recommended (mult_comm)
Use assert to help prove this theorem. You shouldn't need to use induction on plus_swap.Theorem plus_swap : ∀ n m p : nat,
n + (m + p) = m + (n + p).
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Now prove commutativity of multiplication. (You will probably
need to define and prove a separate subsidiary theorem to be used
in the proof of this one. You may find that plus_swap comes in
handy.)
Theorem mult_comm : ∀ m n : nat,
m * n = n * m.
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Exercise: 3 stars, optional (more_exercises)
Take a piece of paper. For each of the following theorems, first think about whether (a) it can be proved using only simplification and rewriting, (b) it also requires case analysis (destruct), or (c) it also requires induction. Write down your prediction. Then fill in the proof. (There is no need to turn in your piece of paper; this is just to encourage you to reflect before you hack!)Check leb.
Theorem leb_refl : ∀ n:nat,
true = leb n n.
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Theorem zero_nbeq_S : ∀ n:nat,
beq_nat 0 (S n) = false.
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Theorem andb_false_r : ∀ b : bool,
andb b false = false.
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Theorem plus_ble_compat_l : ∀ n m p : nat,
leb n m = true → leb (p + n) (p + m) = true.
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Theorem S_nbeq_0 : ∀ n:nat,
beq_nat (S n) 0 = false.
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Theorem mult_1_l : ∀ n:nat, 1 * n = n.
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Theorem all3_spec : ∀ b c : bool,
orb
(andb b c)
(orb (negb b)
(negb c))
= true.
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Theorem mult_plus_distr_r : ∀ n m p : nat,
(n + m) * p = (n * p) + (m * p).
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Theorem mult_assoc : ∀ n m p : nat,
n * (m * p) = (n * m) * p.
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Exercise: 2 stars, optional (beq_nat_refl)
Prove the following theorem. (Putting the true on the left-hand side of the equality may look odd, but this is how the theorem is stated in the Coq standard library, so we follow suit. Rewriting works equally well in either direction, so we will have no problem using the theorem no matter which way we state it.)Theorem beq_nat_refl : ∀ n : nat,
true = beq_nat n n.
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Exercise: 2 stars, optional (plus_swap')
The replace tactic allows you to specify a particular subterm to rewrite and what you want it rewritten to: replace (t) with (u) replaces (all copies of) expression t in the goal by expression u, and generates t = u as an additional subgoal. This is often useful when a plain rewrite acts on the wrong part of the goal.Theorem plus_swap' : ∀ n m p : nat,
n + (m + p) = m + (n + p).
Proof.
(* FILL IN HERE *) Admitted.
Exercise: 3 stars, recommendedM (binary_commute)
Recall the incr and bin_to_nat functions that you wrote for the binary exercise in the Basics chapter. Prove that the following diagram commutes:
incr
bin ----------------------> bin
| |
bin_to_nat | | bin_to_nat
| |
v v
nat ----------------------> nat
S
That is, incrementing a binary number and then converting it to
a (unary) natural number yields the same result as first converting
it to a natural number and then incrementing.
Name your theorem bin_to_nat_pres_incr ("pres" for "preserves").
bin ----------------------> bin
| |
bin_to_nat | | bin_to_nat
| |
v v
nat ----------------------> nat
S
(* FILL IN HERE *)
Exercise: 5 stars, advancedM (binary_inverse)
This exercise is a continuation of the previous exercise about binary numbers. You will need your definitions and theorems from there to complete this one; please copy them to this file to make it self contained for grading.(* FILL IN HERE *)


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Notebooks
Story: Earthquake
Earthquake
Title
Earthquake
Collection
Summary
How to relieve a little child from the alarm caused by the sound of an earthquake. In the Katkop dialect, by Díä!kwãin (L V.-22. 5728-5735). Earthquakes happen at the time when sorcerers seek people to take away. Shadows must not fall on other people in the early morning because this is when invisible sorcerers can see people and stab them down.
Comments
1) p.5727v: this story was told to Dia!kwain by his mother (≠kamme-an); (25 December) the sound an earthquake makes, 2) Date on p.5730: 22 December, 3) pp.5731v-5733v: see Falling stars, 4) p.5735v: the power possessed by dead sorcerers, 5) p.5737v: the time when a person's blood 'lies down', 6) This story is found in Book V-22
Contributors
Date
December 1875
Categories
Custom and daily life, Portention
Keywords
earthquake (and the treatment of children who are alarmed) , earthquake (what people do when they hear) , earthquake (the noise it makes) , earthquake (its effects) , earthquake (shakes the ground) , earthquake (a description of) , earthquake (actions performed by mothers during) , earthquake (rituals performed in relation to) , earthquake (and the protection of children's hearts) , earthquake (startles children's hearts) , earthquake (makes children ill) , earthquake (falls down from heaven) , earthquake (reasons for) , earthquake (and death) , earthquake (seeks people who will die) , earthquake (is not good) , earthquake (and sorcerers) , earthquake (teachings about) , earthquake (and sorcerers seeking and taking people) , earthquake (and sorcerers who kill people) , earthquake (and falling stars) , sorcerers (the time when they come quickly) , sorcerers (and the early morning) , sorcerers (and people's blood) , sorcerers (and the throwing of shadows) , sorcerers (are invisible) , sorcerers (actions that bring them) , sorcerers (and earthquakes) , sorcerers (and the fiery star) , sorcerers (and falling stars) , sorcerers (and the death of people) , sorcerers (kill people) , sorcerers (when they seek and take people away) , sorcerers (walk about) , sorcerers (know things) , sorcerers (their actions) , sorcerers (protection against) , sorcerers (teachings about) , sorcerers (avoidance behaviour relating to) , sorcerers (prohibitions relating to) , women (and the actions performed by mothers during earthquakes) , children (when alarmed during an earthquake) , children (and the actions performed by mothers during earthquakes) , children (their hearts startled by earthquake) , children (the protection of their hearts during earthquake) , shadows (and earthquakes) , shadows (the throwing of) , shadows (must not fall on other people in the early morning) , shadows (when they are unfortunate) , shadows (and sorcerers) , shadows (can kill people) , shadows (and when invisible sorcerers can see people and stab them) , blood ('separating lies down') , blood (lies above in the skin) , blood (when full or 'abundant') , blood (and sorcerers) , blood (and the early morning) , blood ('lies down') , blood (and earthquakes) , morning (early) , morning (avoidance behaviour and prohibitions relating to) , morning (and throwing shadows) , morning (and sorcerers' doings) , morning (things done at) , morning (when blood is abundant) , morning (shadows must not fall on other people in the early) , morning (when invisible sorcerers can see people) , death (and earthquakes) , death (and throwing shadows) , death (and sorcerers) , death (and falling stars) , death (when sorcerers seek people to take away) , death (an earthquake seeks people who will die) , hearts (of children startled by earthquake) , hearts (the protection of children's during an earthquake) , illness (of children during an earthquake) , teachings (about sorcerers and earthquakes) , teachings (about throwing shadows in the early morning) , education (about sorcerers and earthquakes) , education (about throwing shadows in the early morning) , stars (and earthquakes) , stars (falling stars and the dead) , stars (sorcerers and the fiery star) , stars (falling stars and the sorcerers)
Story Pages
5728-5738


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Spoilers: Keanu's EastEnders Christmas exit confirmed in new pictures?
EastEnders cast have been filming what look set to be Keanu Taylor’s (Danny Walters) exit from the soap this Christmas. It’s no secret that Danny has called time on his tenure in the soap – but is he fleeing after Phil Mitchell (Steve McFadden) prepares to kill him?
It has already been confirmed that Phil will discover the truth about Keanu’s affair with Sharon (Letitia Dean) in a dramatic festive showdown. Danny has promised ‘drama and stunts’ for the big day and pictures recently showed him caught up in an armed hostage situation with Martin Fowler (James Bye).
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A desperate Martin is seen brandishing a gun and holding Linda Carter (Kellie Bright) captive. Keanu becomes involved in the showdown and given that Ben (Max Bowden) previously had a hold over Martin – and Phil still does – it could be that he has been instructed to kill Keanu.
 But these brand new pictures show another twist to the tail as Keanu, under the guise of a baseball cap (subtle) says a furtive goodbye to his mum Karen (Lorraine Stanley).
The stars were filming the scenes at Stanstead Airport and it appears to suggest that Keanu will somehow manage to survive the wrath of a seething Phil. A source has suggested that Martin has set up Keanu’s getaway – is he set to lie about his mission being accomplished?
Martin might have done some dark things recently but murder might be beyond even his conscience.
 Whether these are his final scenes or another twist follows remains to be seen.
But there are other storyline developments to take place with Louise (Tilly Keeper) set to give birth to Keanu’s baby and a pregnant Sharon still carrying his offspring.
Will both children be destined to grow up without a father figure in their lives?
And is Christmas in Walford really set to be a fatality free zone?
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Fans will just have to wait and see…


certainly the craziest
As an adult, come and discover our irresistible clowns, between practical jokes and pranks let yourself be carried away by their joy and fall back into childhood.
Let yourself be carried away in a world where the real and the imaginary are one, in the company of our talented magicians, discover a wonderful world limited only by your imagination.
Tame the untameable in the company of our tamers, between roar and razor-sharp claws, watch these fierce felines turn into sweet kittens.
The circus was founded in 1960 by a troupe of London artists.Among them, acrobats, contortionists, jugglers, tamer, clowns, fakirs, magicians and illusionists. Our popular live shows feature dressage and taming numbers as well as clown shows and magic tricks. On the program, trampolines, trapeze, bicycle, fire-eater, sword-swallower, knife-thrower and mime. All our performances are accompanied by music thanks to a traditional orchestra.
| Adults | Children under 12 | Group (over 10 people) | School | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Week (except wednesday) | 15 $ | 10 $ | 12 $ | 8 $ |
| Wednesday and week-end | 18 $ | 13 $ | 15 $ | 10 $ |


{% load i18n %} {% load extra %}
Glossary:{% trans 'Notice: green actions means action inputs from other systems (since it is not plugged into other systems yet, you can click to trigger them), brown actions means timed tasks triggered by the platform(these are executed by the platform automatically and thus cannot be clicked manually. However you can view them through the monitoring web console. Normally the waiting time is set to 120 seconds for the demo), other actions are actions for the admins.' %}


|
momentumopt
|
#include <DynamicsOptimizer.hpp>
Public Member Functions | |
| DynamicsOptimizer () | |
| void | initialize (PlannerSetting &planner_setting) |
| function to initialize and configure the optimization More... | |
| solver::ExitCode | optimize (const DynamicsState &ini_state, ContactPlanInterface *contact_plan, const KinematicsSequence &kin_sequence, bool update_tracking_objective=false) |
| function to parse equations and objective into optimization problem and attempt to find a solution More... | |
| DynamicsSequence & | dynamicsSequence () |
| this function gives access to the optimized motion plan More... | |
| const DynamicsSequence & | dynamicsSequence () const |
| const double & | solveTime () const |
Private Member Functions | |
| PlannerSetting & | getSetting () |
| const PlannerSetting & | getSetting () const |
| const ContactType | contactType (int time_id, int eff_id) const |
| const Eigen::Matrix3d | contactRotation (int time_id, int eff_id) const |
| const double | contactLocation (int time_id, int eff_id, int axis_id) const |
| void | initializeOptimizationVariables () |
| function to initialize optimization variables: type [continuous or binary], guess value [if any], upper and lower bounds for the variable | |
| void | addVariableToModel (const solver::OptimizationVariable &opt_var, solver::Model &model, std::vector< solver::Var > &vars) |
| function to add each variable to the Model and assign a unique identifier to it, to be used by the optimizer to construct the problem More... | |
| void | internalOptimize (const KinematicsSequence &kin_sequence, bool is_first_time=false) |
| functions to update tracking objective for momentum from penalty to tracking and attempt to find a solution to the optimization problem More... | |
| void | updateTrackingObjective () |
| void | saveSolution (solver::OptimizationVariable &opt_var) |
| functions that transfers optimal solution from model to helper class OptimizationVariable, from helper class OptimizationVariable to dynamics sequence to be accessed by the user, and from dynamics sequence to a file. More... | |
| void | storeSolution () |
| void | saveToFile (const KinematicsSequence &kin_sequence) |
Private Attributes | |
| PlannerSetting * | planner_setting_ |
| solver::Model | model_ |
| class that stores all information about the problem, interfaces between high level definition of the problem and its corresponding mathematical construction to solve it with a solver instance | |
| solver::LinExpr | lin_cons_ |
| solver::DCPQuadExpr | quad_objective_ |
| solver::DCPQuadExpr | quad_cons_ |
| solver::ExitCode | exitcode_ |
| std::vector< solver::Var > | vars_ |
| c++ vector containing all problem variables defined by the user. More... | |
| DynamicsState | ini_state_ |
| initial configuration of the robot, including center of mass position, linear and angular momenta, end-effectors configurations: activation, position, orientation | |
| FrictionCone | friction_cone_ |
| FrictionCone::ConeMat | cone_matrix_ |
| DynamicsSequence | dyn_sequence_ |
| dynamics sequence of dynamic states. More... | |
| ContactPlanInterface * | contact_plan_ |
| helper class to store information about the contact plan, such as surfaces, position and orientation of a sequence of contacts | |
| Clock | timer_ |
| char | variable_type_ |
| bool | has_converged_ |
| int | size_ |
| int | num_vars_ |
| double | solve_time_ |
| double | convergence_err_ |
| double | last_convergence_err_ |
| Eigen::Vector3d | com_pos_goal_ |
| Eigen::Vector3d | weight_desired_com_tracking_ |
| solver::OptimizationVariable | dt_ |
| solver::OptimizationVariable | com_ |
| solver::OptimizationVariable | lmom_ |
| solver::OptimizationVariable | amom_ |
| solver::OptimizationVariable | lmomd_ |
| solver::OptimizationVariable | amomd_ |
| std::array< solver::OptimizationVariable, Problem::n_endeffs_ > | frc_world_ |
| std::array< solver::OptimizationVariable, Problem::n_endeffs_ > | trq_local_ |
| std::array< solver::OptimizationVariable, Problem::n_endeffs_ > | cop_local_ |
| std::array< solver::OptimizationVariable, Problem::n_endeffs_ > | ub_var_ |
| std::array< solver::OptimizationVariable, Problem::n_endeffs_ > | lb_var_ |
| solver::OptimizationVariable::OptVector | solution_ |
| solver::OptimizationVariable::OptMatrix | mat_lb_ |
| solver::OptimizationVariable::OptMatrix | mat_ub_ |
| solver::OptimizationVariable::OptMatrix | mat_guess_ |
| solver::OptimizationVariable::OptMatrix | com_guess_ |
| solver::OptimizationVariable::OptMatrix | lmom_guess_ |
| solver::OptimizationVariable::OptMatrix | amom_guess_ |
main class of the dynamics optimization problem
|
inline |
default class constructor and destructor
|
private |
function to add each variable to the Model and assign a unique identifier to it, to be used by the optimizer to construct the problem
| [in] | opt_var | helper optimization variable for model predictive control |
| [in] | model | instance of solver interface to collect constraints, objective and solve problem |
| [in] | vars | vector of optimization variables |
|
private |
helper functions for the optimization problem
|
inline |
this function gives access to the optimized motion plan
|
inlineprivate |
Getter and setter methods for getting the planner variables
| void momentumopt::DynamicsOptimizer::initialize | ( | PlannerSetting & | planner_setting | ) |
function to initialize and configure the optimization
| [in] | PlannerSetting | setting of planner configuration variables |
|
private |
functions to update tracking objective for momentum from penalty to tracking and attempt to find a solution to the optimization problem
| [in] | ref_sequence | dynamics sequence to be used as momentum tracking reference (can be zeros). |
| [in] | is_first_time | flag to indicate if this is the first time the solution is being constructed |
| ExitCode momentumopt::DynamicsOptimizer::optimize | ( | const DynamicsState & | ini_state, |
| ContactPlanInterface * | contact_plan, | ||
| const KinematicsSequence & | kin_sequence, | ||
| bool | update_tracking_objective = false |
||
| ) |
function to parse equations and objective into optimization problem and attempt to find a solution
| [in] | ini_state | initial state of the robot |
| [in] | contact_plan | container of contact sequence to be used for dynamics planning |
| [in] | kin_sequence | kinematics sequence to be used as momentum tracking reference (can be zeros). |
| [in] | update_tracking_objective | changes weights from regulation to tracking of momentum in ref_sequence |
|
private |
functions that transfers optimal solution from model to helper class OptimizationVariable, from helper class OptimizationVariable to dynamics sequence to be accessed by the user, and from dynamics sequence to a file.
| [in] | opt_var | helper optimization variable for model predictive control |
| [in] | ref_sequence | dynamics sequence to be used as momentum tracking reference (can be zeros). |
|
inline |
function to have access to time required to solve the optimization problem
|
private |
helper vector variables for the optimization problem
|
private |
helper optimization variables for the optimization problem
|
private |
dynamics sequence of dynamic states.
This is the main interface between the user and the planner. The user can find in this variable all the optimization results
|
private |
exit code of the optimization problem
|
private |
simple helper class to build a linear approximation of a friction cone
|
private |
helper boolean variables for the optimization problem
|
private |
helper variables to construct linear and quadratic expressions
|
private |
Variables required for optimization
|
private |
helper integer variables for the optimization problem
|
private |
helper matrices and vectors for the optimization problem
|
private |
helper double variables for the optimization problem
|
private |
clock for timing purposes
|
private |
type for optimization variable: continuous 'C' or binary 'B' and type of heuristic
|
private |
c++ vector containing all problem variables defined by the user.
Does not include extra variables required to write the problem in standard conic form.


Susan Granger's review of 'THE IMPOSTORS" (Fox Searchlight Pictures)
Stanley Tucci's "Big Night" was one of my favorite films of 1996 and, incredibly, his second comedy is a genuine delight. No, it's not as witty as "Big Night." That's a hard act to follow. But it is genuinely wacky and hysterically funny. Conceived as a madcap screwball farce, it stars Tucci and Oliver Platt as two out-of-work theater actors who, after bumbling a big audition with a writer/director (Woody Allen), accidentally stow away on a luxury ocean liner in the 1930s. No, not the Titanic, the S.S. Intercontinental, sailing to Paris. Masquerading as stewards, they try to avoid a pretentious British actor (Alfred Molina) whom they have unwittingly offended. Dashing down the corridors, they encounter various crew members: the German Head Steward (Campbell Scott,) who is in love with the Head Stewardess (Lily Taylor), who is in love with the ship's detective (Matt McGrath), a shy young Italian who is terrified of hurting anyone. Then there are the passengers: a suicidal singer (Steve Buscemi), a deposed Queen (Isabella Rossellini), an obsessed sheik (Teagle F. Bougere), an impoverished socialite (Dana Ivey), her morose daughter (Hope Davis), and a tennis pro who plays a better game off the court (Billy Connolly). And when they discover that the nefarious First Mate (Tony Shalhoub) has planted bombs to go off at midnight, chaos reigns. Written and directed by Tucci, at times it resembles a silent movie but with sound. There's Buster Keaton slapstick and Charlie Chaplin pantomime. Tucci's Laurel, Platt's Hardy. On the Granger Movie Gauge of 1 to 10, "The Impostors" is a frothy, zany 7, as bubbly and intoxicating as a glass of vintage champagne.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


--- title: "Stat Deletion" date: 2018-12-04T10:19:17-06:00 description: Stat Deletion menu: main: pre: "" identifier: stat-deletion weight: 10 parent: Services ---


Triangulates set of corresponding 2D-2D points correspondances with known respective camera poses based on opengv. UUID: bb7dac37-499a-4bc4-9b57-3e010a94ed30
More...
#include <Triangulation.h>
|
|
| Triangulation () |
| | Triangulation constructor.
|
| |
|
| ~Triangulation () |
| | Triangulation destructor.
|
| |
| void | setCameraParameters (const datastructure::CamCalibration &intrinsicParams, const datastructure::CamDistortion &distorsionParams) override |
| | this method is used to set intrinsic parameters and distorsion of the camera More...
|
| |
| double | triangulate (const std::vector< datastructure::Point2Df > &pt2d_1, const std::vector< datastructure::Point2Df > &pt2d_2, const std::vector< datastructure::DescriptorMatch > &matches, const std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int > &working_views, const datastructure::Transform3Df &poseView1, const datastructure::Transform3Df &poseView2, std::vector< SRef< datastructure::CloudPoint > > &pcloud) override |
| | triangulate pairs of points 2d captured from two views with differents poses (with respect to the camera instrinsic parameters). More...
|
| |
| double | triangulate (const std::vector< datastructure::Keypoint > &keypointsView1, const std::vector< datastructure::Keypoint > &keypointsView2, const std::vector< datastructure::DescriptorMatch > &matches, const std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int > &working_views, const datastructure::Transform3Df &poseView1, const datastructure::Transform3Df &poseView2, std::vector< SRef< datastructure::CloudPoint > > &pcloud) override |
| | triangulate pairs of points 2d captured from two views with differents poses (with respect to the camera instrinsic parameters). More...
|
| |
| double | triangulate (const std::vector< datastructure::Keypoint > &keypointsView1, const std::vector< datastructure::Keypoint > &keypointsView2, const SRef< datastructure::DescriptorBuffer > &descriptor1, const SRef< datastructure::DescriptorBuffer > &descriptor2, const std::vector< datastructure::DescriptorMatch > &matches, const std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int > &working_views, const datastructure::Transform3Df &poseView1, const datastructure::Transform3Df &poseView2, std::vector< SRef< datastructure::CloudPoint > > &pcloud) override |
| | triangulate pairs of points 2d captured from two views with differents poses (with respect to the camera instrinsic parameters). More...
|
| |
| double | triangulate (SRef< SolAR::datastructure::Frame > frame1, SRef< SolAR::datastructure::Frame > frame2, const std::vector< SolAR::datastructure::DescriptorMatch > &matches, const std::pair< uint32_t, uint32_t > &working_views, std::vector< SRef< SolAR::datastructure::CloudPoint > > &pcloud, const bool &onlyDepth=false) override |
| | calculating 3D cloud points by triangulating pairs of matched features or using depth information of keypoints. More...
|
| |
|
void | unloadComponent () override final |
| |
Triangulates set of corresponding 2D-2D points correspondances with known respective camera poses based on opengv. UUID: bb7dac37-499a-4bc4-9b57-3e010a94ed30
◆ setCameraParameters()
| void SolAR::MODULES::OPENGV::Triangulation::setCameraParameters |
( |
const datastructure::CamCalibration & |
intrinsicParams, |
|
|
const datastructure::CamDistortion & |
distorsionParams |
|
) |
| |
|
override |
this method is used to set intrinsic parameters and distorsion of the camera
- Parameters
-
| [in] | Camera | calibration matrix parameters. |
| [in] | Camera | distorsion parameters. |
◆ triangulate() [1/4]
| double SolAR::MODULES::OPENGV::Triangulation::triangulate |
( |
const std::vector< datastructure::Keypoint > & |
keypointsView1, |
|
|
const std::vector< datastructure::Keypoint > & |
keypointsView2, |
|
|
const SRef< datastructure::DescriptorBuffer > & |
descriptor1, |
|
|
const SRef< datastructure::DescriptorBuffer > & |
descriptor2, |
|
|
const std::vector< datastructure::DescriptorMatch > & |
matches, |
|
|
const std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int > & |
working_views, |
|
|
const datastructure::Transform3Df & |
poseView1, |
|
|
const datastructure::Transform3Df & |
poseView2, |
|
|
std::vector< SRef< datastructure::CloudPoint > > & |
pcloud |
|
) |
| |
|
override |
triangulate pairs of points 2d captured from two views with differents poses (with respect to the camera instrinsic parameters).
- Parameters
-
| [in] | pointsView1,set | of keypoints seen in view_1. |
| [in] | pointsView2,set | of keypoints seen in view_2. |
| [in] | descriptor1,set | of descriptors in view_1. |
| [in] | descriptor2,set | of descriptors in view_2. |
| [in] | matches,the | matches between the keypoints of the view1 and the keypoints of the view 2. |
| [in] | working_views,a | pair representing the id of the two views |
| [in] | poseView1,Camera | pose in the world coordinates system of the view_1 expressed as a Transform3D. |
| [in] | poseView2,Camera | pose in the world coordinates system of the view_2 expressed as a Transform3D.. |
| [out] | pcloud,Set | of triangulated 3d_points. |
- Returns
- the mean re-projection error (mean distance in pixels between the original 2D points and the projection of the reconstructed 3D points)
◆ triangulate() [2/4]
| double SolAR::MODULES::OPENGV::Triangulation::triangulate |
( |
const std::vector< datastructure::Keypoint > & |
keypointsView1, |
|
|
const std::vector< datastructure::Keypoint > & |
keypointsView2, |
|
|
const std::vector< datastructure::DescriptorMatch > & |
matches, |
|
|
const std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int > & |
working_views, |
|
|
const datastructure::Transform3Df & |
poseView1, |
|
|
const datastructure::Transform3Df & |
poseView2, |
|
|
std::vector< SRef< datastructure::CloudPoint > > & |
pcloud |
|
) |
| |
|
override |
triangulate pairs of points 2d captured from two views with differents poses (with respect to the camera instrinsic parameters).
- Parameters
-
| [in] | pointsView1,set | of keypoints seen in view_1. |
| [in] | pointsView2,set | of keypoints seen in view_2. |
| [in] | matches,the | matches between the keypoints of the view1 and the keypoints of the view 2. |
| [in] | working_views,a | pair representing the id of the two views |
| [in] | poseView1,Camera | pose in the world coordinates system of the view_1 expressed as a Transform3D. |
| [in] | poseView2,Camera | pose in the world coordinates system of the view_2 expressed as a Transform3D.. |
| [out] | pcloud,Set | of triangulated 3d_points. |
- Returns
- the mean re-projection error (mean distance in pixels between the original 2D points and the projection of the reconstructed 3D points)
◆ triangulate() [3/4]
| double SolAR::MODULES::OPENGV::Triangulation::triangulate |
( |
const std::vector< datastructure::Point2Df > & |
pt2d_1, |
|
|
const std::vector< datastructure::Point2Df > & |
pt2d_2, |
|
|
const std::vector< datastructure::DescriptorMatch > & |
matches, |
|
|
const std::pair< unsigned int, unsigned int > & |
working_views, |
|
|
const datastructure::Transform3Df & |
poseView1, |
|
|
const datastructure::Transform3Df & |
poseView2, |
|
|
std::vector< SRef< datastructure::CloudPoint > > & |
pcloud |
|
) |
| |
|
override |
triangulate pairs of points 2d captured from two views with differents poses (with respect to the camera instrinsic parameters).
- Parameters
-
| [in] | pointsView1,set | of 2D points seen in view_1. |
| [in] | pointsView2,set | of 2D points seen in view_2. |
| [in] | matches,the | matches between the keypoints of the view1 and the keypoints of the view 2. |
| [in] | working_views,a | pair representing the id of the two views |
| [in] | poseView1,camera | pose in the world coordinates system of the view_1 expressed as a Transform3D. |
| [in] | poseView2,camera | pose in the world coordinates system of the view_2 expressed as a Transform3D.. |
| [out] | pcloud,set | of triangulated 3d_points. |
- Returns
- the mean re-projection error (mean distance in pixels between the original 2D points and the projection of the reconstructed 3D points)
◆ triangulate() [4/4]
| double SolAR::MODULES::OPENGV::Triangulation::triangulate |
( |
SRef< SolAR::datastructure::Frame > |
frame1, |
|
|
SRef< SolAR::datastructure::Frame > |
frame2, |
|
|
const std::vector< SolAR::datastructure::DescriptorMatch > & |
matches, |
|
|
const std::pair< uint32_t, uint32_t > & |
working_views, |
|
|
std::vector< SRef< SolAR::datastructure::CloudPoint > > & |
pcloud, |
|
|
const bool & |
onlyDepth = false |
|
) |
| |
|
override |
calculating 3D cloud points by triangulating pairs of matched features or using depth information of keypoints.
- Parameters
-
| [in] | frame1 | the first frame. |
| [in] | frame2 | the second frame. |
| [in] | matches | the matches between these two frames. |
| [in] | working_views | a pair representing the id of the two views |
| [out] | pcloud | Set of triangulated 3d_points. |
| [in] | onlyDepth | if it is true, using only depth information of keypoints for computing 3D cloud points. |
- Returns
- the mean re-projection error (mean distance in pixels between the original 2D points and the projection of the reconstructed 3D points)
The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:


VSL // Very Short Lit
* 100 Word Story
today’s Very Short List:
lit 13 May 2015
Celeste Ng is the author of the New York Times bestselling, award-winning novel Everything I Never Told You. Her writing has appeared in the New York Times, One Story, Five Chapters, Gulf Coast, The Millions, and elsewhere, and has been awarded the Pushcart Prize.
Celeste is one of the many renowned writers participating in the currently ongoings comprised of five days of around-the-clock original fiction storytelling on Twitter. Follow along
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* No time to attend a reading? Artist and writer Kate Gavino attends more readings in NYC than seems humanly possible, and illustrates each night’s most profound or pithy quote with a delightful portrait
* The Duchess Goldblatt
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delightful e-mail that shares
cultural gems from a
different curator every day.
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food 8 May 2015
Holistic health coach Emily Cleo Borgeest lives in the now.
culture 6 May 2015
Artist Tabitha Soren reveals the connection between baseball and manifest destiny.
culture 29 Apr 2015
Singer-songwriter TORRES shares a few of her inspirations.
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--- layout: post title: Rosy Posy Cowl date: 2013-09-19 01:54:13.000000000 -04:00 categories: [] tags: [] status: draft type: post published: false meta: aktt_notify_twitter: 'no' _edit_last: '1' author: login: cint email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: Jacinta first_name: Jacinta last_name: '' ---
In my absence from this space, I did get a little knitting time in. I had some gorgeous yarn in my stash that was the perfect colour for Tenneille. I wrote the pattern as I knitted it. It's the perfect child's size and could even be fine for an adult if you don't want a bulky cowl. The yarn is Sheppard """. It uses about 50gm of yarn. The skein had enough to make a beret too. I used the Raspberry beret pattern from Ravelry and just adjusted the pattern to fit.


EBD - Easton Bible DIctionary
He-ass
HE-ASS
"HE-ASS" Hebrews hamor, (
Genesis 12:16
), the general designation of the donkey used for carrying burdens (
Genesis 42:26
) and for ploughing(
Isaiah 30:24
). It is described in
Genesis 49:14, 2
Samuel 19:26. (See ASS.)
"HE-ASS" Hebrews hamor, (Genesis 12:16), the general designation of the donkey used for carrying burdens (Genesis 42:26) and for ploughing(Isaiah 30:24). It is described in Genesis 49:14, 2 Samuel 19:26. (See ASS.)


This is Omri training program scope that will eventually progress him to be the Msbit Angular expert.
-
Dynamic Component Loader:
- Load static component using a service (simple OK/Cancel popup)
- Load changeable components using service (custom Popup)
- Load different templates to component (inject-able content popup)
- Testing Dynamic components
-
Master Angular native directives
- Create custom DOM manipulate (*ngIf-else)
- Create custom repeater (*ngFor)
- Create custom content (ng-content)
-
Forms
- Custom Inputs (your own ngModel)
- Custom Inputs (your own FormController)
- Custom Select-Options-AutoFill
- Form Builder (using static Html template)
- Dynamic Form (both .html , .ts)
-
Bootstrap/Imports manipulation
- Import vs. Require
- Create custom providers/ Override existing ones
- integrate to different stages of the Angular bootstrap process
-
Interfaces
- Special Angular-Cli options
- WebPack custom bundle procedures (pre/ post bundle)


Surface temperature, precipitation, ocean temperature and topography (Supplementary Fig. 1) were taken from results of the coupled-atmosphere ocean climate simulations run as part of the PlioMIP project. Full details for the experimental design of PlioMIP can be found in ref. 27. Briefly it involved the implementation of PRISM3 boundary conditions 26 in IPCC AR4 class general circulation models (GCMs). PRISM3 boundary conditions included increased atmospheric CO 2 concentrations, an altered palaeogeography, including changes to the land-sea mask (LSM), a changed vegetation cover 55 and altered Pliocene ice-sheet configurations. In PRISM3 West Antarctica is deglaciated and East Antarctica is retreated beyond the marine portions of the Wilkes and Aurora SGB 56. Where possible, modelling groups were asked to alter their LSM to allow for a West Antarctic Seaway. More details of the seven GCMs that have been used in this study and their implementation of the PRISM3 boundary conditions can be found in Supplementary Table 1 and the references therein.
The experimental design of the simulations follows the same criteria as outlined in ref. 27 and presented in ref. 28. Here, we ran simulations with three different ice-sheet model focussing on the equilibrium response of the ice-sheet to seven different climate models from the PlioMIP ensemble 1. An ensemble of simulations was performed for three different scenarios. The first scenario was a control experiment with climate forcings from the GCMs that were run with pre-industrial boundary conditions. The second was a Pliocene Ice-PRISM3 experiment with climate forcings from the GCMs that were run with Pliocene boundary conditions. The ice-sheet models were initialised with the PRISM3 ice-sheet topography 28. The final scenario was a Pliocene Ice-PD experiment with climate forcings from the GCMs that were run with Pliocene boundary conditions. The ice-sheet models were initialised with the PD ice-sheet topography from Bedmap2 39.
The seven Atmosphere-Ocean GCMs that we use here are outlined in Supplementary Table 1. For all simulations, an initial spin-up procedure for ice-sheet temperatures is employed for which ice-sheet topography and surface temperature of the ice-sheet stay constant over 100 000 years. For the subsequent 100 000 year equilibrium run, the surface temperature from the GCM is corrected with a lapse rate of −8 °C km −1 for the difference between the modelled surface elevation and the reference topography in the GCM:
Here, Tsurf is the temperature at the surface of the ice-sheet and TGCM is the temperature of the GCM in °C. The surface elevation in metres of the ice-sheet and of the GCM are given by Hsurf and HGCM, respectively. For all experiments, we use monthly averaged climatologies of the GCMs. It should also be noted that the ISMs reached equilibrium after the first 30 000 years of the simulation.
Simulations with ANICE and SICOPOLIS are performed including land-based and floating ice, whereas for the BASISM simulations only land ice is included in the simulations. For land ice all three models include the shallow ice approximation (SIA), which approximates the stress balance by only taking into account horizontal shear stress and lead to velocities that are dependent on depth 57. On the contrary, for floating ice we apply the SSA that only includes longitudinal stress and vertically independent horizontal velocities 58.
All ice-sheet models are run on a 40 km by 40 km grid of 141 × 141 grid points. All climate fields from the GCMs, i.e. surface-air temperature, precipitation, ocean temperature and reference topography, are interpolated on the ice-sheet rectangular grid using OBLIMAP v2.0. A polar stereographic projection is employed, using a central longitude of 0°E and a standard parallel of 24.7°, i.e. a latitude of true scale of 65.3°S 59. For the 3-D ocean temperatures, we use a distance weighting scheme to extrapolate temperatures to underneath the ice shelves, where ocean temperatures are largely unresolved in the GCMs.
All of the control ISM simulations were assessed in terms of how well they reconstruct the modern AIS (when compared to Bedmap2 39 (see Supplementary Note 1 and Supplementary Figs. 7– 9)). Additionally, we have considered each GCM individually to assess whether the predicted volumes (from the three ISMs) fall within the range of the mean plus or minus the standard deviation of the other models. If we assume a normal distribution, we would expect, on average 68% of predicted volumes to fall within this range. In cases where only one or no present-day simulations are within one standard deviation of the mean, it suggests that this particular GCM is producing ice-sheets significantly different from the others and is skewing the ensemble means (Supplementary Table 2 and S3). Where a GCM falls outside of the ensemble mean (±1 standard deviation) and also demonstrates poor skill in reconstructing elements of either volume, area or ice-sheet thickness the GCM has been excluded (see Supplementary Note 1). Nevertheless, for completeness and to demonstrate the effect of including all GCM–ISM combinations, all results are shown in Supplementary Figs. 11 to 13.
The sea level contribution from each modelled ice-sheet is calculated after a run is finished, summing the ice thickness above flotation and including a correction for the change in bedrock topography:
Here, Hi0af and Hiaf are the ice thickness above flotation for the initial Bedmap2 ice-sheet and the final modelled ice-sheet in metres water equivalent, respectively:
Hi is the ice thickness in metres and Hb is the bedrock topography in metres below sea level. Parameters are given in Supplementary Table 4. Ice-sheet volumes and sea level contributions shown here include an area correction following the methods described in ref. 60.
The ANICE ice-sheet model is a 3-D thermo-mechanical finite difference ice-sheet model and is part of the IMAU-ICE (Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht) ice-sheet model package. The model we use here is the same version as has been used in previous publications 28, 61. In ANICE, ice velocities are calculated on land with the SIA and uses the SSA for sliding, i.e. ice streams and shelf velocities. A Mohr–Coulomb plastic law paramaterisation is employed to derive basal stresses that are used to derive the SSA velocities on land 61, 62.
The surface mass balance is determined with monthly fields of precipitation, temperature and insolation at the top of the atmosphere. The precipitation is adjusted with surface temperature. Surface melting is calculated with an insolation temperature melt model, for which a linear relation is used for temperature combined with the net incoming short-wave radiation, using an internally calculated albedo 61. Sub-shelf melting underneath the ice shelves is included as a heat-transfer equation 63:
The different parameters are described in Supplementary Table 4. For ANICE, n = 1. Here, Toc is the ocean temperatures of each GCM that are vertically interpolated to the depth of the ice shelves and Tf is the freezing temperature 63:
SICOPOLIS (SImulation COde for POLythermal Ice-sheets) is a 3-D thermo-mechanical finite difference ice-sheet-shelf model 29. On land, the model utilises a hybrid combination of the SIA and the SSA (including basal drag) as described in ref. 30, following ref. 62.
Basal sliding is described by a Weertman-type power law with a cubic dependence on basal shear stress, allowing sub-melt sliding following ref. 64. The distribution of basal sliding coefficients used in all runs is obtained from a calibration run using an iterative technique 17, 30.
For the surface mass balance, precipitation is converted to snow accumulation with a linear function of surface temperatures 65. Surface melting is parameterised by a PDD method 66, 67. PDD factors are 8 and 3 mm day −1 °C −1 for ice and snow, respectively.
Ice-shelf basal melting is computed using Eq. ( 4) 68, with n = 2. For the control simulations, a tuning melt factor of Fmelt = 0.2 m s −1 K −1 is applied at the floating side of some grounding lines (northwest of Ronne Ice Shelf and south of Amery Ice shelf) to better represent their modern positions. At each time step, the calving front is iteratively checked for grid points with a thickness below 50 m, which are calved out, until no more calving occurs.
BASISM (British Antarctic Survey Ice-sheet Model) is a finite difference thermomechanical 3-D ice-sheet model, only including land-based ice using the SIA 31, 56. Basal sliding is not included in the model. Here, the model is free to grow to the extent of the modern grounding line.
An exponential function is used to convert temperatures into the number of PDDs 66, which shows a high level of correlation between warmest month temperatures and observations of present-day melt 56. This assumes that melt is determined by temperature variations alone and uses separate PDD factors for ice and snow melt and a maximum fractional refreezing rate. Here, standard parameters are set to 8 and 3 mm day −1 °C −1 for ice and snow melt, respectively 69.
BASISM has been used in a number of previous mid-Pliocene modelling studies 19, 20, 40, 56, 70 and therefore provides a frame of reference against which the more complex SSA–SIA hybrid models can be compared.
Data available on request from the authors.


The overall goal of this assignment is to assess your ability to implement basic CRUD functionality of Active Record. This includes:
rails g model
or rails g scaffold
)limit
and offset
keywordsThis does NOT include:
These topics of Active Record are covered in Module 2.
The functional goal of this assignment is to implement CRUD behavior for four (4) Model classes
Create a DB schema for each Model class
Demonstrate CRUD access to information in the DB using Active Record Model methods.
Create a new Rails application called todolists
.
Add the following specification to your Gemfile to enable rspec testing.
group :test do
gem 'rspec-rails', '~> 3.0'
end
Run the bundle
command to resolve new gems
From the todolists
application root directory, initialize the rspec tests using rails generate rspec:install
command.
[todolists]$ rails generate rspec:install
create .rspec
create spec
create spec/spec_helper.rb
create spec/rails_helper.rb
Add the following line to .rspec
to add verbose output to test results.
--format documentation
Download and extract the starter set of boostrap files.
|-- Gemfile
|-- assignment
| `-- assignment.rb
`-- spec
`-- assignment_spec.rb
overwrite your existing Gemfile with the Gemfile from the bootstrap fileset. They should be nearly identical, but this is done to make sure the gems and versions you use in your solution can be processed by the automated Grader when you submit. Any submission should be tested with this version of the file.
add the assignment/assignment.rb
file provided with the boostrap fileset to a corresponding assignment
directory under your application root directory (e.g., application-root-directory/assignment/assignment.rb
). (Note: You will need to create the assignment
directory if you are copying the file.) The assignment.rb
file contains a skeleton of methods for you to implement as part of your assignment.
add the spec/assignment_spec.rb
file provided with the bootstrap fileset to the corresponding spec
directory that already exists under your application root directory (e.g., application-root-directory/spec/assignment_spec.rb
). This assignment_spec.rb
file contains tests that will help determine whether you have completed the assignment.
Run the rspec test(s) to receive feedback. rspec
must be run from the root directory of your application. All tests will (obviously) fail until you complete the specified solution.
$ rspec
...
Finished in 0.02069 seconds (files took 1.63 seconds to load)
52 examples, 1 failure, 50 pending
To focus test feedback on a specific step of the requirements, add "-e rq##" to the rspec command line to only evaluate that requirement. Pad all step numbers to two digits.
$ rspec -e rq01
Run options: include {:full_description=>/rq01/}
Assignment
rq01
Generate Rails application
must have top level structure of a rails application
Finished in 0.00465 seconds (files took 1.56 seconds to load)
1 example, 0 failures
Implement your Model and assignment.rb solution and use the rspec tests to help verify your completed solution.
Submit your Rails app solution for grading.
Create a new Rails app called todolists
.
$ rspec -e rq01
Note: Use the Gemfile provided in the boostrap files. Windows users may need to add this gem into the Gemfile:
ruby # Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem gem 'tzinfo-data', platforms: [:mingw, :mswin]
Otherwise, do not change the Gemfile from what is provided or your submitted solution may not be able to be processed by the grader (i.e., do not add any additional gems or change gem versions).
Generate four (4) model classes and DB migrations having the following business-related fields using one of the rails generate
commands.
You can individually grade your results after each model class is created by migrating the database and running the rspec test listed after each classname. Example:
$ rake db:migrate
$ rspec -e rq02.1
User (rq02.1
)
Profile (rq02.2
)
TodoList (rq02.3
)
TodoItem (rq02.4
)
Reminder: Ruby/Rails conventions are that class names are CamelCase and file and method names are snake_case.
Note: We will only be using the Model and DB migration classes for this assignment. It is assumed that each Model will also contain the id
, created_at
, and updated_at
fields. All four (4) Model Classes/DB tables must be created, but the detailed tests will be focused on the User and TodoList only. You will use the remaining classes more in a follow-on assignment.
Insert rows in DB
Implement the create_user
method within assignment/assignment.rb
to
:username
and :password_digest
) as an input parameter. Note these are 100% same as model class.id
), and dates (created_at
and updated_at
) assigned$ rspec -e rq03.1
Implement the create_todolist
method within assignment/assignment.rb
to
:name
and :due_date
) as an input parameter. Note these hash keys are not 100% the same as Model class. Your solution must convert these properties into hash with keys Active Record will accept for the schema for the class.id
), and dates (created_at
and updated_at
) assigned$ rspec -e rq03.2
Retrieve paginated results from DB
Implement the find_allusers
method within assignment/assignment.rb
to
updated_at
ascending, with specified row offset and row limit$ rspec -e rq04.1
Implement the find_alllists
method within assignment/assignment.rb
to
list_due_date
descending, with specified row offset and row limit$ rspec -e rq04.2
Query DB with exact match
Implement the find_user_byname
method within assignment/assignment.rb
to
$ rspec -e rq05.1
Implement the find_todolist_byname
method within assignment/assignment.rb
to
$ rspec -e rq05.2
Get rows from DB by PK
Implement the get_user_byid
method within assignment/assignment.rb
to
id
primary key$ rspec -e rq06.1
Implement the get_todolist_byid
method within assignment/assignment.rb
to
id
primary key$ rspec -e rq06.2
Update rows in DB
Implement the update_password
method within assignment/assignment.rb
to
password_digest
for the User associated with the id primary key$ rspec -e rq07.1
Implement the update_listname
method within assignment/assignment.rb
to
list_name
for the TodoList associated with id primary key$ rspec -e rq07.2
Delete rows from DB
Implement the delete_user
method within assignment/assignment.rb
to
id
primary key from the database$ rspec -e rq08.1
Implement the delete_todolist
method within assignment/assignment.rb
to
id
primary key.$ rspec -e rq08.2
Some unit tests have been provided in the bootstrap files and provide examples of tests the grader will be evaluating for when you submit your solution. They must be run from the project root directory.
$ rspec
...
Finished in 3.39 seconds (files took 1.47 seconds to load)
52 examples, 0 failures
You can run as many specific tests you wish be adding -e rq## -e rq##
$ rspec -e rq01 -e rq02
Submit an .zip archive (other archive forms not currently supported) with your solution root directory as the top-level (e.g., your Gemfile and sibling files must be in the root of the archive and not in a sub-folder. The grader will replace the spec files with fresh copies and will perform a test with different query terms.
|-- app
| |-- assets
| |-- controllers
| |-- helpers
| |-- mailers
| |-- models
| `-- views
|-- assignment
| `-- assignment.rb
|-- bin
|-- config
|-- config.ru
|-- db
|-- Gemfile
|-- Gemfile.lock
|-- lib
|-- log
|-- public
|-- Rakefile
|-- README.rdoc
|-- test
`-- vendor


"""The ``types`` module contains the core PushTypes and functions to reference them.
A PushType simply is a named collection of Python types. A PushType
can be used to determine if multiple items should be considered the same type
during Push program execution.
"""
from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, Sequence
import numpy as np
from pyshgp.validation import PushError
[docs]class PushType:
"""Type information for values used by Push programs.
Parameters
----------
name : str
A name for the type. Used when referencing the PushType in Instruction
definitions and will be the key in the PushState for the corresponding
PushStack.
underlying : Sequence[type]
A tuple of python (or numpy) types that correspond to the underlying
native types which the PushType is representing.
is_collection : bool, optional
Indication that the PushType is a collection.
coercion_func : Callable[[Any], Any], optional
A function which takes a single argument and returns argument coerced
into the PushTypes canonical type (the first type in ``underlying``).
If None, the constructor of the canonical type is used. Default is None.
Attributes
----------
name : str
A name for the type. Used when referencing the PushType in Instruction
definitions and will be the key in the PushState for the corresponding
PushStack.
underlying : Sequence[type]
A tuple of python (or numpy) types that correspond to the underlying
native types which the PushType is representing.
is_collection : bool, optional
Indicates if that the PushType is a collection. Default is False.
coercion_func : Callable[[Any], Any], optional
A function which takes a single argument and returns argument coerced
into the PushTypes canonical type (the first type in ``underlying``).
If None, the constructor of the canonical type is used. Default is None.
"""
def __init__(self,
name: str,
underlying: Sequence[type],
is_collection: bool = False,
is_numeric: bool = False,
coercion_func: Optional[Callable[[Any], Any]] = None):
self.name = name
self.underlying = underlying
self.is_collection = is_collection
self.is_numeric = is_numeric
if coercion_func is None:
self.coercion_func = underlying[0]
else:
self.coercion_func = coercion_func
[docs] def is_instance(self, thing: Any) -> bool:
"""Return true if thing is instance of PushTypes underlying type(s)."""
return isinstance(thing, self.underlying)
[docs] def coerce(self, thing: Any):
"""Convert thing into PushTypes underlying type."""
try:
return self.coercion_func(thing)
except Exception as e:
err_type = type(e).__name__
err_msg = str(e)
raise PushError(
"{t} while coerceing {x} of {typ1} to {typ2}. Origional mesage: \"{m}\"".format(
t=err_type, x=thing, typ1=type(thing), typ2=self, m=err_msg
)
)
def __repr__(self):
return "PushType(" + self.name + ")"
def __eq__(self, other):
if not isinstance(other, PushType):
return False
return self.name == other.name and self.underlying == other.underlying
def __hash__(self):
return (self.name + str(self.underlying[0])).__hash__()
[docs]class Char(str):
"""Holds a string of length 1.
Used to distinguish between string and char literals in Push program
interpretation.
Attributes
----------
char : str
String of length 1.
"""
def __init__(self, char):
if len(char) == 0:
raise PushError.empty_character()
if len(char) > 1:
raise PushError.long_character()
def __eq__(self, other):
return isinstance(other, Char) and str(self) == str(other)
# @TODO: Add vector type(s)
PushInt = PushType("int", (int, np.int64, np.int32, np.int16, np.int8), is_numeric=True)
PushFloat = PushType("float", (float, np.float64, np.float32, np.float16), is_numeric=True)
PushStr = PushType("str", (str, np.str_))
PushBool = PushType("bool", (bool, np.bool_))
PushChar = PushType("char", (Char, ))
CORE_PUSH_TYPES = [PushBool, PushInt, PushChar, PushFloat, PushStr]


|
|||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | ||||||
| SUMMARY: INNER | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
java.lang.Object | +--GthClient
Gothello game client for Gthd server.
| Field Summary | |
int |
black_time_control
Number of seconds black player has at start of game, if playing under time controls. |
Move |
move
Move returned by get_move() method as side-effect. |
int |
my_time
Number of seconds the client has currently remaining, if playing under time controls. |
int |
opp_time
Number of seconds the client's opponent has currently remaining, if playing under time controls. |
static int |
STATE_CONTINUE
Game will continue. |
static int |
STATE_DONE
Game over. |
boolean |
time_controls
True if playing under time controls. |
int |
white_time_control
Number of seconds white player has at start of game, if playing under time controls. |
int |
who
Which side this client is playing. |
static int |
WHO_BLACK
Player is black. |
static int |
WHO_NONE
Player is nobody. |
static int |
WHO_OTHER
Player is undefined. |
static int |
WHO_WHITE
Player is white. |
int |
winner
If done, player which won. |
| Constructor Summary | |
GthClient(int side,
java.lang.String host,
int server)
Construct a game client, connected to the specified server and ready to play. |
| Method Summary | |
protected void |
finalize()
Internal method. |
int |
get_move()
Get a move from the server. |
int |
make_move(Move m)
Make a move on the server. |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
clone, equals, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
| Field Detail |
public static final int WHO_NONE
public static final int WHO_WHITE
public static final int WHO_BLACK
public static final int WHO_OTHER
public static final int STATE_CONTINUE
public static final int STATE_DONE
public int who
public int winner
public Move move
public boolean time_controls
public int white_time_control
public int black_time_control
public int my_time
public int opp_time
| Constructor Detail |
public GthClient(int side, java.lang.String host, int server) throws java.io.IOException
side
- Should be either WHO_WHITE or WHO_BLACK.
Side the client will play.host
- Hostname of the server.server
- Server number of server on host.java.io.IOException
- Unable to connect to specified server
as specified side.| Method Detail |
public int make_move(Move m) throws java.io.IOException
m
- What move to make.java.io.IOException
- Move is illegal or communication failed.public int get_move() throws java.io.IOException
java.io.IOException
- Move is illegal or communication failed.protected void finalize() throws java.lang.Throwable
finalize
in class java.lang.Object
|
|||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | ||||||
| SUMMARY: INNER | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |


tk_new(
+Options,
-Interp)
Options should be a list of options described following:
top_level_events
name(
+ApplicationName)
send
command.
display(
+Display)
tk_do_one_event
tk_do_one_event(
+ListOrBitMask)
The ListOrBitMask list can contain the following atoms:
tk_dont_wait
tk_x_events
tk_window_events
tk_file_events
tk_timer_events
tk_idle_events
Tk_DoWhenIdle
events
tk_all_events
Calling tk_do_one_event/0
is equivalent to a call to
tk_do_one_event/1
with all flags set. If the tk_dont_wait
flag is set and there is no event to handle, the call will fail.
tk_next_event(
+TclInterpreter,
-Event)
tk_next_event(
+ListOrBitMask,
+TclInterpreter,
-Event)
tk_do_one_event/[0,1]
except that they processes Tk events until is at least one Prolog event
happens, when they succeed binding Event to the first
term on the Prolog event queue associated with the interpreter
TclInterpreter.
tk_main_loop
tk_main_window(
+TclInterpreter,
-TkWindow)
tk_destroy_window(
+TkWindow)
tk_make_window_exist(
+TkWindow)
tk_num_main_windows(
-NumberOfWindows)


Case Studies¶
This showcase is where organizations can describe how they are using Cookiecutter.
BeeWare¶
Building Python tools for platforms like mobile phones and set top boxes requires a lot of boilerplate code just to get the project running. Cookiecutter has enabled us to very quickly stub out a starter project in which running Python code can be placed, and makes maintaining those templates very easy. With Cookiecutter we’ve been able to deliver support Android devices, iOS devices, tvOS boxes, and we’re planning to add native support for iOS and Windows devices in the future.
BeeWare is an organization building open source libraries for Python support on all platforms.
ChrisDev¶
Anytime we start a new project we begin with a Cookiecutter template that generates a Django/Wagtail project Our developers like it for maintainability and our designers enjoy being able to spin up new sites using our tool chain very quickly. Cookiecutter is very useful for because it supports both Mac OSX and Windows users.
ChrisDev is a Trinidad-based consulting agency.


Our Lady, Mother of the Church
ENTRANCE
ANTIPHON
The disciples devoted themselves with one accord to prayer, with Mary, the mother of Jesus.
COLLECT
O God, Father
of mercies, whose Only Begotten Son, as he hung upon the Cross, chose the
Blessed Virgin Mary, his Mother, to be our Mother also, grant, we pray, that
with her loving help, your Church may be more fruitful day by day and, exulting
in the holiness of her children, may draw to her embrace all the families of
the peoples. Through our Lord Jesus Christ, your Son, who lives and reigns with
you in the unity of the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever.
PRAYER OVER THE OFFERINGS
Receive our offerings, O Lord, and transform them into the mystery of salvation, so that by its power we may be set aflame with the charity of the Virgin Mary, Mother of the Church, and with her may be united more closely to the work of redemption. Through Christ our Lord.
PREFACE of Mary, Mother of the Church
COMMUNION
ANTIPHON
A wedding was held in Cana of Galilee, and the mother of Jesus was there; then Jesus performed the first of his signs and manifested his glory, and his disciples believed in him.

PRAYER AFTER COMMUNION
Having
received the pledge of redemption and of life, we humbly pray, O Lord, that,
with the Blessed Virginís motherly help, your Church may teach all nations by
proclaiming the Gospel and, through the grace of the outpouring of the Spirit,
fill the whole earth. Through Christ our Lord.


About
I am a student of Computer Science at the University of Toronto. I am specializing in computer science, and plan to graduate alongside minors in mathematics and philosophy.
I've acted as TA for Introduction to Philosophy, Modern Symbolic Logic, and Mathematical Expression and Reasoning for Computer Science. This year I'm co-president of the University of Toronto Undergraduate Theory Group.
Check out my latest project, a Minimalistic Gamified Collaborative Study App called Plato.
I also sometimes post on Quora.
Computer Science
I write code in Python and C. Lately I've been solving programming questions exclusively in C++, but I can't call myself proficient in C++ (yet).
I am interested in distributed computing, cryptography, complexity, algorithms and knowledge-based systems.
Mathematics
I really like math. I studied some set theory, logic, algebra and number theory at the undergraduate level. I'm always looking to expand my mathematical understanding.
Philosophy
I am interested in ethics, philosophy of sceince, and philosophy of mathematics.
Contact
I can be reached regarding anything at my email.


Sign Up Already have an account? Sign in. REGISTRATION COMPLETE, CLICK HERE TO RETURN TO LOGIN PAGE USERNAME/NICKNAME ALREADY EXISTS Username 10 chars max Nickname 20 chars max Password 8 chars max Description 50 words max Photo URL Invalid URL Create Account


Trae Dandridge
Github
●
East Chicago, IN
Full StackWeb and Hybrid Applications Developer
Full stack web and hybrid mobile applications developer specialzing in full stack JavaScript application abd architectures. Experienced in all stages of development life cycle, well versed in numerous programming languages.
- Hands-on experience leading all stages of system development effort, including requirements in definition design, architecture, test and support.
- Oustanding leardership abilites; able to coordinate and direct all phases of project-based efforts.
Core Competencies
- Full Stack Development
- Strong Analytical Skill
- Prioritizes Tasks
- Hybrid Mobile Development
- Savvy Problem Solver
- Strong Leardship Skills
Certifications / Technical Proficiencies
- Certifications: Agile Certifed Scrum Master
- Platforms: Linux,Windows,Mac,LAMP,MEAN,NodeJS
- Database: MySQL, MongoDB
- Tools: VS Code, SSH, Gulp, Git
- Languages: HTML, CSS, SASS, JavaScript, ES6, PHP ,Bash,SQL
Professional Experience
Bob's Custom Websites-Chicago, IL 2015-Present
Bob's Custom Websites build custom web applications for across a large number of industries
Web Developer
- Work with ES6, NodeJS, HTML, JavaScript, CSS, MySQL and MongoDB to build customized web applications for a diverse set of customers.
- Designed the application to meet the users' requirements document.
- Ensured corporate and department objectives were accomplished in accordance with outlined objectives and mission statements.
Key Contributions
- Developed and implemented procedures and guideline, optimizing productivity andeffciency; generating significant cost savings.
- Recognized for the development of excellent business relationships, providing exemplary customer service.
Education
Danville High School-Danville IL 2010-2014
Danville Area Community Collage-Danville IL 2014-2016 / 2018-2019
Associates in Arts and Sciences Career Certificate: Computer Programing


Hakone Ekiden Yosenkai 20 km
Tachikawa JPN
Race Winners
(71 runnings)
20
Oct
2007
21
Oct
2006
59:33
22
Oct
2005
57:22 16
Oct
2004
18 Oct
2003
50:39
19 Oct
2002
59:47 20
Oct
2001
21
Oct
2000
59:17
24
Oct
1999
59:22
25
Oct
1998
58:38
26
Oct
1997
59:37
27
Oct
1996
59:09 29
Oct
1995
31
Oct
1994
31
Oct
1993
25
Oct
1992
27
Oct
1991
18
Nov
1990
03 Nov
1989
03 Nov
1988
03 Nov 1987
03 Nov 1986
03 Nov 1985
03 Nov 1984
06 Nov 1983
07 Nov 1982
--- 03 Nov 1981
--- 09 Nov 1980
--- 18
Nov 1979
--- 19
Nov 1978
20
Nov 1977
--- 21
Nov 1976
--- 16
Nov 1975
--- 23
Nov 1974
--- 23
Nov 1973
--- 19
Nov 1972
--- 21
Nov 1971
--- 22
Nov 1970
--- 16
Nov 1969
--- 17
Nov 1968
--- 19
Nov 1967
--- 20
Nov 1966
1:02:17 21
Nov 1965
1:02:17 22
Nov 1964
1:03:54
24
Nov 1963
50:04 23
Nov 1962
50:52 26
Nov 1961
50:41
27
Nov 1960
50:40 29
Nov 1959
50:52 30
Nov 1958
50:50 24
Nov 1957
50:31 Nov 1956
50:40 27
Nov 1955
50:08 28
Nov 1954
--- 29
Nov 1953
51:07 16
Nov 1952
51:50 25
Nov 1951
52:33 26
Nov 1950
52:38
20
Nov 1949
54:21
28
Nov 1948
55:05
30
Nov 1947
56:19
Notes: 1946 was the inaugural year. The race distance for 1946-1963 was 10
miles. The race was held in Tokyo for 1946-47 and 1949-1957; the race was
held in or to Nerima for 1948 and 1958-1960; the race was run to Higashimurayama
for 1961; the race was held in Edogawa for 1962-1963; the race was held in Tama
for 1964; the race was held in Kemigawa for 1965-1970; the race was held in
Hachioji for 1971-1976; the race was held on a multiple loop course in Oimachi
for 1977-1999; the race has been held at Showa Kinen Park in Tachikawa since
2000 with the 2003 edition being a distance of 16.3 km and run partially on a
dirt trail surface..
14
Oct 2017
57:27
Josphat Ledama Kisaisa
(KEN)
15
Oct 2016
58:15
Patrick Mathenge Wambui
(KEN)
17 Oct
2015
58:20
Daniel Muiva Kitonyi
(KEN)
18 Oct
2014
58:26
Kota Murayama (JPN)
19 Oct
2013
57:57
Enock Onwamba (KEN)
20
Oct 2012
57:47
Benjamin Kanda (KEN)
15
Oct 2011
59:26
Cosmas Ontwaka Ondiba (KEN)
16
Oct
2010
58:23
John Maina (KEN)
17 Oct
2009
59:08
Akinobu Murasawa (JPN)
18 Oct
2008
59:42
Kazuki Tomaru (JPN)
57:01
Mekubo Mogusu Job-2
Bene Zama (JPN)
Mekubo Mogusu Job (KEN)
58:11
Josphat Muchiri Ndambiri (KEN)
Stephen Njenga Wainaina (KEN)
Hiroshi Doi (JPN)
59:03
John Kanyi-3
John
Kanyi-2
John Kanyi (KEN)
Daniel Njenga-3
Daniel Njenga-2
Daniel Njenga (KEN)
59:31
Bizuneh Tura (ETH)
1:00:37
Kuniaki Kanno (JPN)
1:00:55
Michitane Noda (JPN)
1:01:10
Hideki Itagaki (JPN)
1:00:29
Seiji Kushibe (JPN)
59:58
Yoshinori Shindo (JPN)
1:01:20
Katsumi Ikeda (JPN)
1:00:17
Joseph Otwori (KEN)
1:03:04
Kazuya Abe (JPN)
1:01:12
Sanshiro Kasama (JPN)
1:01:01
Hiroaki Oyagi-2
1:01:40
Hiroaki Oyagi (JPN)
1:01:43
Satoru Kato (JPN)
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
1:02:25
Masayuki Yonemura (JPN)
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Fumio
Inoue (JPN)
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Aoi
Otsuka-2
Aoi
Otsuka (JPN)
Keisuke Sawaki (JPN)
Katsuaki Isohata
(JPN)
Toshio Aoki (JPN)
Akira Okano (JPN)
Teruo Funai (JPN)
Tadahiko Fujii (JPN)
Masayuki Osada
(JPN)
Kazumi Watanabe (JPN)
Mitsunobu Sato-2
Mitsunobu Sato
(JPN)
cancelled due to heavy rain
Kazumi Umezawa
(JPN)
Shigeki Tanaka
(JPN)
Takashi Yamada (JPN)
Tadashi Asai
(JPN)
Keizo Uchizono
(JPN)
Hideo Goto (JPN)
Masayasu Oka (JPN)
01 Dec
1946
55:15
Hotoku Suenaga (JPN)
Most Wins (1946/date)
Men
3
Daniel Njenga
(KEN)
1996-98
John Kanyi (KEN)
1999-2001
Prize Money
Prize money cannot be awarded in Japanese road races due to legal restrictions.
Race Time Bias
(sec/km)
Year Men 2017 -4.2 2016 -4.1 2015 -3.5 2014 -2.9 2013 -4.0 2012 -4.2 2011 -1.0 2010 -1.7 2009 -3.3 2008 -0.4 2007 -1.5 2006 -0.9 2005 -0.2 2004 -1.6 .... 2002 -1.0 2001 -0.9 2000 +2.4 1999 -1.0 1998 -1.7 1997 -1.5 1996 -1.7 Avg -1.9
Competitive Level (1990-date)
Year Men 2017 664 2016 547 2015 449 2014 554 2013 575 2012 460 2011 385 2010 430 2009 275 .... 2001 321
Quality Performances
Men <57:30 3 <58:00 7 <58:30 14 <59:00 24 <59:30 63 <1:00:00 159 <1:00:30 366 <1:01:00 809 <1:01:30 1440 <1:02:00 2175 <1:02:30 2779
Last Updated on 14 Oct 2017
Contributor: Brett Larner (50)


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Lorem Ipsum has been the industry’s standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book.
Read moreWhy open data matters? Why do I need this legal stuff, can't I just post my data online?. These and other questions are answered in our FAQ.
Read more


Startup System
Complete your character and get ready for our world!
You can't be seen, invisible mode is activated.
You can't move until you complete startup system.
Gongratulations! You are now ready.
Teleport me to Main Town.


Classes in Ruby
2/26/2016
Today I'll be talking a bit about ruby classes and class objects. If you read my post on Arrays and Hashes, you know that classes are basically specifications for a whole group of Ruby objects. Today, I'll be using video games as an example of classes.
Let's start by defining a video game. Video games have a rating, a genre, a title, and a number of players. So if we wanted to set up a video game class in Ruby, it would need all of those different characteristics. To make that happen, we can set up
class VideoGames
def initialize(title, genre, rating, players)
@title = title
@genre = genre
@rating = rating
@players = players
end
end
In that example, I made VideoGames a class. I also defined a special method called
new_game("Little Big Planet", "Platformer", "E", "1-4") = VideoGame.new
That's all! I have set up a VideoGame called new_game that has a title called "Little Big Planet," it belongs to the "platformer" genre, its rating is "E", and it can be played with 1 to 4 players.
Now that our new VideoGame class is storing information, we have to find a way to do something with all of that info. This is where
class VideoGames
def initialize(title, genre, rating, players)
@title = title
@genre = genre
@rating = rating
@players = players
end
def game_description
puts "Title: #{@title}"
puts "Genre: #{@genre}"
puts "Rating: #{@rating}"
puts "Players: #{@players}"
end
end
That's our original example, but with an instance method called
new_game("Little Big Planet", "Platformer", "E", "1-4") = VideoGame.new
new_game.game_description
This is what will print out when we run that code:
Title: Little Big Planet
Genre: Platformer
Rating: E
Players: 1-4
When we called the instance method Classes are tremendously useful when you have an entire category of objects that have the same kinds of characteristics. You can practically set up classes for anything-cars, computers, books, movies, you name it! By using classes, you can quickly and easily collect info about an object within that class and perform actions using that provided data.


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See:
Description
| Interface Summary | |
|---|---|
| ByteArrayDataInput | An extension of DataInput for reading from in-memory byte arrays; its
methods offer identical functionality but do not throw IOException . |
| ByteArrayDataOutput | An extension of DataOutput for writing to in-memory byte arrays; its
methods offer identical functionality but do not throw IOException . |
| ByteProcessor<T> | A callback interface to process bytes from a stream. |
| InputSupplier<T> | A factory for readable streams of bytes or characters. |
| LineProcessor<T> | A callback to be used with the streaming readLines methods. |
| OutputSupplier<T> | An factory for writable streams of bytes or characters. |
| Class Summary | |
|---|---|
| ByteStreams | Provides utility methods for working with byte arrays and I/O streams. |
| CharStreams | Provides utility methods for working with character streams. |
| Closeables | Utility methods for working with Closeable objects. |
| CountingInputStream | An InputStream that counts the number of bytes read. |
| CountingOutputStream | An OutputStream that counts the number of bytes written. |
| FileBackedOutputStream | An OutputStream that starts buffering to a byte array, but
switches to file buffering once the data reaches a configurable size. |
| Files | Provides utility methods for working with files. |
| Flushables | Utility methods for working with Flushable objects. |
| LimitInputStream | An InputStream that limits the number of bytes which can be read. |
| LineReader | A class for reading lines of text. |
| NullOutputStream | Implementation of OutputStream that simply discards written bytes. |
| PatternFilenameFilter | File name filter that only accepts files matching a regular expression. |
| Resources | Provides utility methods for working with resources in the classpath. |
This package contains utility methods and classes for working with Java I/O, for example input streams, output streams, readers, writers, and files.
Many of the methods are based on the
InputSupplier
and
OutputSupplier
interfaces. They are used as
factories for I/O objects that might throw IOException
when
being created. The advantage of using a factory is that the helper methods in
this package can take care of closing the resource properly, even if an
exception is thrown. The ByteStreams
,
CharStreams
, and
Files
classes all have static helper methods to
create new factories and to work with them.
This package is a part of the open-source Guava libraries.
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Project Links
First post!
Today is my first day in the new house. Finally got all my stuff unpacked, and I'm settled in. I thought it would be good to write the fist entry in the blog for this project.
This all started when I became frustrated that there was no good way of interfacing my media PC with my stereo system and TV. These aren't top of the line systems here, so there is no intercommunication protocol. I'd often considered using a universal remote, but they don't work properly all the time and are expensive. I wanted something hackable.
I quickly decided on using a touchscreen OLED: I wanted this to look nice after all, and the form factor I was imagining was about GPS size. I wanted this to be as compatible as possible: that means it has to support a lot of communication protocols, give you the ability to reprogram the way it works, writing code if need be, and it needs to work CONSISTENTLY. My current plan involves a ribon of IR LED's around the outside of the unit, with a BlueTooth module and Wifi card inside to give it as much intercommunication as possible. Right now, its looking like I'm going to get an ARM processor to do this, and I might consider putting a heavily modified version of Android on here if it suits me.
From this I can quickly see some project requirements.
- The system must be the same form factor as a car GPS
- The system must be compatible with as many different devices as possible, which means using many different protocols
- The system must be stable and consistently control all devices it is attached to
- The system must be expandable: it must contain a way for users to input code directly into the device if necessary to program behaviour, but also have very good code searching algorithms


The Podcast Directory
Welcome. This is the future home of a truly open and shared podcast directory.
Any podcast owner will be able submit their podcast to the directory.
The directory will live on the Ethereum blockchain, a decentralized network of high censorship-resistance.
Features of the directory:
- The directory will be open and accessible by anyone throughout the world
- The directory itself will have no paywalls, licenses, or gatekeepers
- The directory will be collectively owned
- The owner of a podcast will have the sole ability to add or change that podcast's information in the directory
- The directory will be a hedge against any encroaching centralization amongst other podcast directories
- To the maximum extent technically possible, the directory will live indefinitely


Here is
your time saver
tireless guardian
easy to use device
BloodConnection®
tireless guardian
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BloodConnection®
BloodConnection® Blood Analyzer
This is blood tracking device, which is implanted under user`s skin. Controlled remotely via smartphone and tracking bracer. Sensor is replaced with new one once per 120 days.
Tracker`s bracelet-assistant helps user to run a rapid examination, spot health problems in time, monitor blood sugar levels and measure the heart rate.
The survey data is sent to the smartphone. User could manage and analyze health status in form of graphs, tables and diagrams then.
The user data is transfered to common database. After this user`s therapists recieve information about their patients` health.
BloodConnection® Monitoring System
BloodConnection® Monitoring System provides round and clock health analyzing by getting user`s blood composition and measuring the heart rate. Functions such fast blood scanning and listening the heart rate could be controlled with help of rechargeable
smart-bracelet. It also show system time and battery status. Scanning data is stored in tracker`s memory and transferred to smartphone once it is available for bluetooth connection.
Don`t waste time! Order BloodConnection® Monitoring System!
Introducing BloodConnection® development team
Dear visitor, our team thanks you for your attention. We hope that soon you will become one of the multicast users of the BloodConnection® Monitoring System. We also ask you to take an active part in improving our system. The opinion of each visitor is
important to our team, and especially yours. If you have any questions about the organizational aspects of the program, please contact the contacts listed below:
+44 20 7298 0600
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Figueroa Street, LA, 90071
BloodConnection® 2017. All rights are registered.


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How do we use Java Profiling in the system? Is there any API for this?
How one should think of test cases for test driven development, and behavior driven development in large codebases (product code which needs to be delivered to the client)? Any specific tactic for a fresher?
What is technical debt and how can we use refactoring to fix it?
Which IDE is popular here? Eclipse or IntelliJ Idea?
What tools (in web applications) apart from JMeter, Fiddler, you recommend a fresher to learn pre-joining?