Wien, 13-14 October 2016
Created by Pietro Zambelli (EURAC)
Richard Stallman launched the free software movement & pioneered the concept of copyleft
1971 Stallman was working at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab
=> the code of the OS was public and shared
1980s The situation changed drastically
=> None of the OS were free software any more
=> It was required to sign a nondisclosure agreement even to get an executable copy
☹
Users => Companies
If the users don't control the program
=> the program controls the users
With proprietary software, the program is controlled by the developer or “owner”.
They can exercises power over their users
Therefore proprietary program's developer is tempted to design the program to mistreat its users
©
Using the copyright!
A program is free software, for you, a particular user,
if you have the freedom to:
©
“Copyleft (a play on the word copyright) is the practice of offering people the right to freely distribute copies and modified versions of a work with the stipulation that the same rights be preserved in derivative works down the line.”
Raymond central thesis is what he called Linus' Law
“The more widely available the source code is for public testing, scrutiny, and experimentation, the more rapidly all forms of bugs will be discovered.”
“The open source label was created at a strategy session held on February, 1998 […] shortly after the announcement of the release of the Netscape source code. The strategy session grew from a realization that the attention around the Netscape announcement had created an opportunity to educate and advocate for the superiority of an open development process.”
“The conferees believed the pragmatic, business-case grounds that had motivated Netscape to release their code illustrated a valuable way to engage with potential software users and developers, and convince them to create and improve source code by participating in an engaged community.”
“The conferees also believed that it would be useful to have a single label that identified this approach and distinguished it from the philosophically- and politically-focused label free software.”
“The Open Source Initiative (OSI) is a California public benefit corporation that is actively involved in Open Source community-building, education, and public advocacy to
promote awareness and the importance of non-proprietary software”
“The license shall not restrict any party from selling or giving away the software as a component of an aggregate software distribution containing programs from several different sources. The license shall not require a royalty or other fee for such sale.”
“The program must include source code, and must allow distribution in source code as well as compiled form. […] Deliberately obfuscated source code is not allowed. Intermediate forms such as the output of a preprocessor or translator are not allowed.”
“The license must allow modifications and derived works, and must allow them to be distributed under the same terms as the license of the original software.”
Rationale: The mere ability to read source isn't enough to support independent peer review and rapid evolutionary selection. For rapid evolution to happen, people need to be able to experiment with and redistribute modifications.
“The license may restrict source-code from being distributed in modified form only if the license allows the distribution of "patch files" with the source code for the purpose of modifying the program at build time.”
Rationale: Encouraging lots of improvement is a good thing, but users have a right to know who is responsible for the software they are using. Authors and maintainers have reciprocal right to know what they're being asked to support and protect their reputations.
“The license must not discriminate against any person or group of persons.”
Rationale: In order to get the maximum benefit from the process, the maximum diversity of persons and groups should be equally eligible to contribute to open sources. Therefore we forbid any open-source license from locking anybody out of the process.
“The license must not restrict anyone from making use of the program in a specific field of endeavor.”
Rationale: The major intention of this clause is to prohibit license traps that prevent open source from being used commercially. We want commercial users to join our community, not feel excluded from it.
“The rights attached to the program must apply to all to whom the program is redistributed without the need for execution of an additional license by those parties.”
Rationale: This clause is intended to forbid closing up software by indirect means such as requiring a non-disclosure agreement.
“The rights attached to the program must not depend on the program's being part of a particular software distribution.”
Rationale: This clause forecloses yet another class of license traps.
“The license must not place restrictions on other software that is distributed along with the licensed software. For example, the license must not insist that all other programs distributed on the same medium must be open-source software.”
Rationale: Distributors of open-source software have the right to make their own choices about their own software.
“No provision of the license may be predicated on any individual technology or style of interface.”
Rationale: This provision is aimed specifically at licenses which require an explicit gesture of assent in order to establish a contract between licensor and licensee. Provisions mandating so-called "click-wrap" may conflict with important methods of software distribution such as FTP download, CD-ROM anthologies, and web mirroring; such provisions may also hinder code re-use. Conformant licenses must allow for the possibility that (a) redistribution of the software will take place over non-Web channels that do not support click-wrapping of the download, and that (b) the covered code (or re-used portions of covered code) may run in a non-GUI environment that cannot support popup dialogues.
“THE FOUNDATION for nearly all applications, operating systems, cloud computing, databases, big data and more”
Read more
“Great diversity of business models”
58 different licenses are recognise as open source license by the Open Source Initiative
Report of License Proliferation Committee by OSIWikipedia have a detailed open source licenses comparison
Wikipedia: Business models for open-source software
Slava Akhmechet’s essay“Code is also always data!Does it mean that data is also always code?As crazy as this sounds this very well might be the case.”
Open data and content can be freely used, modified, and shared by anyone for any purpose
An open work must satisfy the following requirements in its distribution:
A license should be compatible with other open licenses. A license is open if its terms satisfy the following conditions:
A license should be compatible with other open licenses. A license is open if its terms satisfy the following conditions:
“FORCE11 is a community of scholars, librarians, archivists, publishers and research funders that has arisen organically to help facilitate the change toward improved knowledge creation and sharing. Individually and collectively, we aim to bring about a change in modern scholarly communications through the effective use of information technology.”
“For all parties involved in Data Stewardship, the facets of FAIRness, described below, provide incremental guidance regarding how they can benefit from moving toward the ultimate objective of having all concepts referred-to in Data Objects (Meta data or Data Elements themselves) unambiguously resolvable for machines, and thus also for humans.”
To be Findable any Data Object should be uniquely and persistently identifiable
Data is Accessible in that it can be always obtained by machines and humans,
Data Objects can be Interoperable only if:
- (Meta) data is machine-actionable
- (Meta) data formats utilize shared vocabularies and/or ontologies
- (Meta) data within the Data Object should thus be both syntactically parseable and semantically machine-accessible
For Data Objects to be Re-usable additional criteria are:
- (Meta) data should be sufficiently well-described and rich that it can be automatically (or with minimal human effort) linked or integrated, like-with-like, with other data sources
- Published Data Objects should refer to their sources with rich enough metadata and provenance to enable proper citation


 Add one here.
The format of the ECMWF dataset name on the data store server is erfp-[watershed name]-[subbasin name]-[forecast timestamp] (Ex. erfp-magdalena-el_banco-20150603t00).
{% gizmo text_input data_store_watershed_name_input %}This is the watershed name in the ECMWF dataset name and RAPID folder name.
{% gizmo text_input data_store_subbasin_name_input %}This is the subbasin name in the ECMWF dataset name and end of RAPID namelist file name - rapid_namelist_[subbasin_name].dat (Ex. rapid_namelist_el_banco).
Don't see the geoserver you want? Add one here.
{% gizmo toggle_switch shp_upload_toggle_switch %} {% gizmo text_input geoserver_drainage_line_input %}This is the shapefile file representing the river network. Need .shp, .shx, .prj, .dbf files.
{% gizmo text_input geoserver_boundary_input %}This is the shapefile file representing the watershed basin. Need .shp, .shx, .prj, .dbf files.
{% gizmo text_input geoserver_gage_input %}This is the shapefile file representing the gage stations. Need .shp, .shx, .prj, .dbf files.
{% gizmo text_input geoserver_historical_flood_map_input %} {% gizmo text_input geoserver_ahps_station_input %}This is the shapefile file representing the AHPS stations. Need .shp, .shx, .prj, .dbf files.
{% gizmo button add_button %} {% else %}The good news is that there is a simple solution. All you have to do is click here and add one.
{% endif %} {% endblock %} {% block scripts %} {{ block.super }} {% endblock %}


--- layout: page title: Hi, I'm Yanwu Xu subtitle: PhD student in Artificial Intellegence use-site-title: true ---
Hi, here is Yanwu Xu, currently a 4th-year PhD student in Intellegent System at University of Pittsburgh, advised by Dr. Kayhan Batmanghelich and co-advised by Dr. Mingming Gong. My current research interests are Generative Adversarial Learning and Image Style Transfer. Before that, I obtained B.S. degree in Electrical Mechanical Engineering department at Central South University in 2017.
Congrats to our Image2Image translation model accpeted by CVPR2022. In this work, we proposed an adversarial spatial perturbation consistency
for I2I task. More detials, please refer to our git repo.
Unpaired image-to-image translation (I2I) is an ill-posed problem, as an infinite number of translation functions can map the source domain
distribution to the target distribution. Therefore, much effort has been put into designing suitable constraints, e.g., cycle consistency
(CycleGAN), geometry consistency (GCGAN), and contrastive learning-based constraints (CUTGAN), that help better pose the problem.
However, these well-known constraints have limitations: (1) they are either too restrictive or too weak for specific I2I tasks; (2) these methods
result in content distortion when there is a significant spatial variation between the source and target domains. This paper proposes a universal
regularization technique called maximum spatial perturbation consistency (MSPC), which enforces a spatial perturbation function ($T$) and the
translation operator ($G$) to be commutative (i.e., $T \circ G = G \circ T $). In addition, we introduce two adversarial training components for
learning the spatial perturbation function. The first one lets $T$ compete with $G$ to achieve maximum perturbation. The second one lets $G$ and
$T$ compete with discriminators to align the spatial variations caused by the change of object size, object distortion, background interruptions,
etc. Our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on most I2I benchmarks. We also introduce a new benchmark, namely the front face to profile
face dataset, to emphasize the underlying challenges of I2I for real-world applications. We finally perform ablation experiments to study the
sensitivity of our method to the severity of spatial perturbation and its effectiveness for distribution alignment.
One paper accepted by MICCAI2022.
I will start my 2022 summer internship at Google.
One papers is accepted by CVPR 2022.
One papers is accepted by ACM 2021.
One papers is accepted by ICCV 2021.
Two papers are accepted by AAAI 2020.
One paper is accepted by NeurIPS 2019.
One paper is accepted by BraTS Challenge 2018.
One paper is accepted by ACCV 2018.


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CSS Positioning Property Solution
position: sticky;
This element is sticky.
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Marzipan pie cheesecake tiramisu. Halvah lollipop pie chupa chups chocolate cake ice cream. Tiramisu tiramisu bonbon sweet caramels pastry chocolate wafer. Gummi bears gingerbread tart carrot cake. Fruitcake carrot cake carrot cake lemon drops topping. Halvah caramels gingerbread. Bonbon danish biscuit cookie gummi bears wafer. Powder macaroon powder. Muffin icing muffin chupa chups.
Muffin jelly chocolate cupcake carrot cake tootsie roll oat cake cotton candy. Pudding apple pie topping brownie. Topping cheesecake candy canes. Lollipop icing tart bonbon danish. Liquorice sweet roll jelly sesame snaps. Jelly gingerbread macaroon lollipop jelly-o dragée gummi bears caramels. Muffin tootsie roll muffin oat cake oat cake gummi bears candy canes jelly-o. Halvah chocolate cake lemon drops.
position: relative;
Marzipan pie cheesecake tiramisu. Halvah lollipop pie chupa chups chocolate cake ice cream. Tiramisu tiramisu bonbon sweet caramels pastry chocolate wafer. Gummi bears gingerbread tart carrot cake. Fruitcake carrot cake carrot cake lemon drops topping. Halvah caramels gingerbread. Bonbon danish biscuit cookie gummi bears wafer. Powder macaroon powder. Muffin icing muffin chupa chups.
Muffin jelly chocolate cupcake carrot cake tootsie roll oat cake cotton candy. Pudding apple pie topping brownie. Topping cheesecake candy canes. Lollipop icing tart bonbon danish. Liquorice sweet roll jelly sesame snaps. Jelly gingerbread macaroon lollipop jelly-o dragée gummi bears caramels. Muffin tootsie roll muffin oat cake oat cake gummi bears candy canes jelly-o. Halvah chocolate cake lemon drops.
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Jelly-o macaroon bonbon gummies gummies biscuit lollipop. Jelly beans gummi bears croissant. Sweet roll fruitcake cake cake. Fruitcake sugar plum wafer cheesecake chocolate bar tart bonbon sesame snaps. Candy canes jelly beans candy canes jelly. Topping pudding fruitcake cookie marshmallow gingerbread wafer. Tootsie roll pudding sweet roll fruitcake gummies dragée. Bear claw jelly beans jelly beans.
Sweet cookie tiramisu soufflé chocolate danish. Powder chupa chups ice cream tootsie roll pastry cake. Pastry pie marzipan tootsie roll pie tart dessert jelly-o. Topping lemon drops bear claw jelly beans. Danish lollipop chocolate bar danish halvah sugar plum gummi bears cheesecake. Pudding gummies soufflé sugar plum dessert donut cake fruitcake candy.
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Jelly-o macaroon bonbon gummies gummies biscuit lollipop. Jelly beans gummi bears croissant. Sweet roll fruitcake cake cake. Fruitcake sugar plum wafer cheesecake chocolate bar tart bonbon sesame snaps. Candy canes jelly beans candy canes jelly. Topping pudding fruitcake cookie marshmallow gingerbread wafer. Tootsie roll pudding sweet roll fruitcake gummies dragée. Bear claw jelly beans jelly beans.
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Marzipan pie cheesecake tiramisu. Halvah lollipop pie chupa chups chocolate cake ice cream. Tiramisu tiramisu bonbon sweet caramels pastry chocolate wafer. Gummi bears gingerbread tart carrot cake. Fruitcake carrot cake carrot cake lemon drops topping. Halvah caramels gingerbread. Bonbon danish biscuit cookie gummi bears wafer. Powder macaroon powder. Muffin icing muffin chupa chups.
Muffin jelly chocolate cupcake carrot cake tootsie roll oat cake cotton candy. Pudding apple pie topping brownie. Topping cheesecake candy canes. Lollipop icing tart bonbon danish. Liquorice sweet roll jelly sesame snaps. Jelly gingerbread macaroon lollipop jelly-o dragée gummi bears caramels. Muffin tootsie roll muffin oat cake oat cake gummi bears candy canes jelly-o. Halvah chocolate cake lemon drops.
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THE SWEET HEREAFTER (Fine Line Features) The key scene in "The Sweet Hereafter" includes one of the most disturbing images you're likely to see this year: a schoolbus full of children plunges over a bank, rolls out onto a frozen lake and pauses for a few seconds before the ice underneath it gives way and the bus and its passengers disappear into the frigid water below. It's a moment that will change the people of the tiny Canadian town of Sam Dent forever, as the once-insular community begins to turn upon itself with neighbor betraying neighbor in a race for justice, money and, the most elusive thing of all, peace of mind. Based on the acclaimed novel by Russell Banks, "The Sweet Hereafter" is both deeply disturbing and almost relentlessly grim, which is hardly unexpected, given the subject matter. The true surprise is director Atom Egoyan's approach to the material. In the hands of Hollywood, this might have been sensationalistic; at the very least it would have been ripe with scenes of hysterical parents and angry townsfolk. But Egoyan finds in Banks' book a fable, a story about the journey from shock to grief to renewal, "the sweet hereafter" of the title. Late in the film, Robert Browning's "The Pied Piper of Hamelin" is read as a bedtime story, and it becomes a perfect metaphor for the strange chain of events that have pulled Sam Dent apart. The man largely responsible for the dissent is Mitchell Stephens (Ian Holm), a lawyer from out of town who arrives in Sam Dent hoping to put together a class-action lawsuit against the manufacturer of the bus. A seasoned pro, Stephens knows exactly the right words to say to move these small-towners to his side. "I'm here to give your anger a voice," he tells the distraught parents of one of the victims. "There's no such thing as an accident. The word doesn't mean anything to me." That's a lie, of course: To Stephens the accident means a potential financial windfall if he can win the case, which will ultimately turn largely on the testimony of Nicole (Sarah Polley), a gifted young singer who survived the crash but has been left crippled. Nicole's father Sam (Tom McCamus), with whom she's had an odd and possibly incestuous relationship, is among the most money-hungry in the community, although it's difficult to tell whether he wants compensation because of Nicole's injuries or because of her new aloofness toward him. Stephens, too, has a difficult time with his own daughter, a drug-dazed wanderer named Zoe (Caerthan Banks) who calls him frequently on his cellular phone, demanding money and attention in between lies. It is this aspect of Stephens that allows Egoyan to show us the man's secret heart and well-shrouded grief. Obviously, Stephens' quest for remuneration for the parents of Sam Dent is fueled at least partially by his realization that he has in fact lost his own child, who's become one of the living dead. The acting is mostly low-key and understated, in keeping with the film's tone. Holm and Polley are particularly moving, but Bruce Greenwood, as one of the few citizens to resist Stephens' spell, is also memorable. As in Egoyan's previous film "Exotica," the director paints this picture deliberately and somewhat abstractly, which may frustrate those who prefer to have everything spelled out and clarified. In some spots, "The Sweet Hereafter" is almost too oblique for its own good, particularly in a finale that almost seems to smack of "The X Files." But Egoyan also conjures up some powerful scenes, such as when Stephens interviews Dolores (Gabrielle Rose), the bus driver who's become a town pariah since the accident, and whose living room wall is adorned with framed photos of each of the kids on the bus, staring out at her like a gallery of little ghosts. James Sanford
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Summary: Lattitude vs. Max Temperature
As expected, the weather becomes siginificantly warmer as one approaches the equator. (0deg. Lattitude) More interestingly however, is the fact that the Southern Hemisphere tends to be warmer this time of the year than the Northen Hemisphere.


My current research direction (which is wandering a bit, as is common with research) has forced me to look as some of the vagaries of the POSIX interface. One of these is this intriguing decision to incorporate a piece of file descriptor specific state for the “file pointer” (note that in Windows there is an exact equivalent in the CurrentByteOffset of the file handle).
One thing to note about POSIX is that it was not designed initially. Rather, it captured the state of UNIX systems in the 1980s and codify it. Thus, rather than inventing this behavior, POSIX (or officially, IEEE Std. 1003.1-1988) codified a uniform interface acceptable to a variety of parties. Like any standards document, it is a compromise that attempts to mollify a variety of different players.
Here is a version of the Linux in-kernel file structure (from the main linux repository as of this morning):
struct file { union { struct llist_node fu_llist; struct rcu_head fu_rcuhead; } f_u; struct path f_path; struct inode *f_inode; /* cached value */ const struct file_operations *f_op; /* * Protects f_ep_links, f_flags. * Must not be taken from IRQ context. */ spinlock_t f_lock; enum rw_hint f_write_hint; atomic_long_t f_count; unsigned int f_flags; fmode_t f_mode; struct mutex f_pos_lock; loff_t f_pos; struct fown_struct f_owner; const struct cred *f_cred; struct file_ra_state f_ra; u64 f_version; #ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY void *f_security; #endif /* needed for tty driver, and maybe others */ void *private_data; #ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL /* Used by fs/eventpoll.c to link all the hooks to this file */ struct list_head f_ep_links; struct list_head f_tfile_llink; #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL */ struct address_space *f_mapping; errseq_t f_wb_err; } __randomize_layout __attribute__((aligned(4))); /* lest something weird decides that 2 is OK */
Note the f_pos field (which I’ve highlighted). This is the file pointer and it allows things like read and write to work without an explicit offset value.
Here’s the equivalent structure in Windows 10:
typedef struct _FILE_OBJECT { CSHORT Type; CSHORT Size; PDEVICE_OBJECT DeviceObject; PVPB Vpb; PVOID FsContext; PVOID FsContext2; PSECTION_OBJECT_POINTERS SectionObjectPointer; PVOID PrivateCacheMap; NTSTATUS FinalStatus; struct _FILE_OBJECT *RelatedFileObject; BOOLEAN LockOperation; BOOLEAN DeletePending; BOOLEAN ReadAccess; BOOLEAN WriteAccess; BOOLEAN DeleteAccess; BOOLEAN SharedRead; BOOLEAN SharedWrite; BOOLEAN SharedDelete; ULONG Flags; UNICODE_STRING FileName; LARGE_INTEGER CurrentByteOffset; __volatile ULONG Waiters; __volatile ULONG Busy; PVOID LastLock; KEVENT Lock; KEVENT Event; __volatile PIO_COMPLETION_CONTEXT CompletionContext; KSPIN_LOCK IrpListLock; LIST_ENTRY IrpList; __volatile PVOID FileObjectExtension; } FILE_OBJECT; typedef struct _FILE_OBJECT *PFILE_OBJECT;
I highlighted the equivalent field for this structure (from wdm.h in the Windows 10 WDK). I spent some time looking through the various fields and my observation is that this is the only piece of implicit user-visible shared _mutable _state.
This actually doesn’t work in multi-threaded environments (very common these days) if threads use the same file descriptor (file handle in Windows) since it doesn’t make any sense to arbitrarily interleave reads. In those environments, you use a different call – pread for POSIX systems, and in Windows it is explicit parameter in the native system call (NtReadFile where it is an optional parameter).
This led me to ask the question: why is this here? I haven’t found a definitive source since this predates the original POSIX specification, but my theory is that it is because it is the only way to properly implement sharing of the file descriptor. When UNIX added the fork call, one of the characteristics of it was “inheritance of file descriptors”.
The child inherits copies of the parent's set of open file descriptors. Each file descriptor in the child refers to the same open file description (see open(2)) as the corresponding file descriptor in the parent. This means that the two file descriptors share open file status flags, file offset, and signal- driven I/O attributes (see the description of F_SETOWN and F_SETSIG in fcntl(2)). (Source: http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/fork.2.html)
The status flags describe how the file was opened so they aren’t changing (immutable). The addition of F_SETOWN and F_SETSIG
is more recent but it does appear to be explicitly mutable state (it allows programmatic changes).
Fork is not the only way that a file descriptor (or file handle). For example, it can be done
using UNIX domain sockets on UNIX and Linux systems. Windows provides a system call for doing something similar
as well (the documented version is ZwDuplicateObject).
I’ve spent time thinking about this and it seems that the reason to maintain this shared state is to ensure
that two processes sharing the same file descriptor/handle get the same position pointer value. This
then let me to ask why is this useful?
I have been able to construct a single scenario in which this is useful: appending to the end of a shared file.
Interleaving reads doesn’t make much sense. Interleaving writes inside the existing boundaries of a file
makes even less sense to me. I can construct peculiar scenarios in which I can write applications that
explicitly use this feature but they seem artificial.
Writing to a log file at the end seems like it would make sense. But if that’s my goal, it makes more
sense to just use O_APPEND mode:
The file is opened in append mode. Before each write(2), the file offset is positioned at the end of the file, as if with lseek(2). The modification of the file offset and the write operation are performed as a single atomic step. (Source: http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/open.2.html)
Thus, this makes me wonder: could we just eliminate this piece of shared state? I have a reason for asking this question though I will save discussing that for another time.
Preserving the correct behavior for most applications will require fixing things up in the library – we could eliminate read as a system call and provide a library implementation that calls pread.
I’m considering doing that and seeing what breaks. it is more difficult to do that in Windows than in Linux, so I’m considering starting there.


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title: Metadata Proposal - ECMAScript status: proposal location: https://rbuckton.github.io/reflect-metadata copyright: false contributors: Ron Buckton
Proposal to add Metadata to ECMAScript.
// define metadata on an object or property
Reflect.defineMetadata(metadataKey, metadataValue, target);
Reflect.defineMetadata(metadataKey, metadataValue, target, propertyKey);
// check for presence of a metadata key on the prototype chain of an object or property
let result = Reflect.hasMetadata(metadataKey, target);
let result = Reflect.hasMetadata(metadataKey, target, propertyKey);
// check for presence of an own metadata key of an object or property
let result = Reflect.hasOwnMetadata(metadataKey, target);
let result = Reflect.hasOwnMetadata(metadataKey, target, propertyKey);
// get metadata value of a metadata key on the prototype chain of an object or property
let result = Reflect.getMetadata(metadataKey, target);
let result = Reflect.getMetadata(metadataKey, target, propertyKey);
// get metadata value of an own metadata key of an object or property
let result = Reflect.getOwnMetadata(metadataKey, target);
let result = Reflect.getOwnMetadata(metadataKey, target, propertyKey);
// get all metadata keys on the prototype chain of an object or property
let result = Reflect.getMetadataKeys(target);
let result = Reflect.getMetadataKeys(target, propertyKey);
// get all own metadata keys of an object or property
let result = Reflect.getOwnMetadataKeys(target);
let result = Reflect.getOwnMetadataKeys(target, propertyKey);
// delete metadata from an object or property
let result = Reflect.deleteMetadata(metadataKey, target);
let result = Reflect.deleteMetadata(metadataKey, target, propertyKey);
// apply metadata via a decorator to a constructor
@Reflect.metadata(metadataKey, metadataValue)
class C {
// apply metadata via a decorator to a method (property)
@Reflect.metadata(metadataKey, metadataValue)
method() {
}
}
// Design-time type annotations
function Type(type) { return Reflect.metadata("design:type", type); }
function ParamTypes(...types) { return Reflect.metadata("design:paramtypes", types); }
function ReturnType(type) { return Reflect.metadata("design:returntype", type); }
// Decorator application
@ParamTypes(String, Number)
class C {
constructor(text, i) {
}
@Type(String)
get name() { return "text"; }
@Type(Function)
@ParamTypes(Number, Number)
@ReturnType(Number)
add(x, y) {
return x + y;
}
}
// Metadata introspection
let obj = new C("a", 1);
let paramTypes = Reflect.getMetadata("design:paramtypes", inst, "add"); // [Number, Number]
When the abstract operation GetOrCreateMetadataMap is called with Object _O_, property key _P_, and Boolean _Create_ the following steps are taken:
All ordinary objects have an internal slot called [[Metadata]]. The value of this internal slot is either *null* or a *Map* object and is used for storing metadata for an object.
When the [[HasMetadata]] internal method of _O_ is called with ECMAScript language value _MetadataKey_ and property key _P_, the following steps are taken:
When the abstract operation OrdinaryHasMetadata is called with ECMAScript language value _MetadataKey_, Object _O_, and property key _P_, the following steps are taken:
When the [[HasOwnMetadata]] internal method of _O_ is called with ECMAScript language value _MetadataKey_ and property key _P_, the following steps are taken:
When the abstract operation OrdinaryHasOwnMetadata is called with ECMAScript language value _MetadataKey_, Object _O_, and property key _P_, the following steps are taken:
When the [[GetMatadata]] internal method of _O_ is called with ECMAScript language value _MetadataKey_ and property key _P_, the following steps are taken:
When the abstract operation OrdinaryGetMetadata is called with ECMAScript language value _MetadataKey_, Object _O_, and property key _P_, the following steps are taken:
When the [[GetOwnMetadata]] internal method of _O_ is called with ECMAScript language value _MetadataKey_ and property key _P_, the following steps are taken:
When the abstract operation OrdinaryGetOwnMetadata is called with ECMAScript language value _MetadataKey_, Object _O_, and property key _P_, the following steps are taken:
When the [[DefineOwnMetadata]] internal method of _O_ is called with ECMAScript language value _MetadataKey_, ECMAScript language value _MetadataValue_, and property key _P_, the following steps are taken:
When the abstract operation OrdinaryDefineOwnProperty is called with ECMAScript language value _MetadataKey_, ECMAScript language value _MetadataValue_, Object _O_, and property key _P_, the following steps are taken:
When the [[MetadataKeys]] internal method of _O_ is called with property key _P_ the following steps are taken:
When the abstract operation OrdinaryMetadataKeys is called with Object _O_ and property key _P_ the following steps are taken:
When the [[OwnMetadataKeys]] internal method of _O_ is called with property key _P_ the following steps are taken:
When the abstract operation OrdinaryOwnMetadataKeys is called with Object _O_ and property key _P_ the following steps are taken:
When the [[DeleteMetadata]] internal method of _O_ is called with ECMAScript language value _MetadataKey_ and property key _P_ the following steps are taken:
This section contains amendments to the Reflect object.
A metadata decorator function is an anonymous built-in function that has [[MetadataKey]] and [[MetadataValue]] internal slots.
When a metadata decorator function _F_ is called with arguments _target_ and _key_, the following steps are taken:
When the `metadata` function is called with arguments _metadataKey_ and _metadataValue_, the following steps are taken:
When the `defineMetadata` function is called with arguments _metadataKey_, _metadataValue_, _target_, and _propertyKey_, the following steps are taken:
When the `hasMetadata` function is called with arguments _metadataKey_, _target_, and _propertyKey_, the following steps are taken:
When the `hasOwnMetadata` function is called with arguments _metadataKey_, _target_, and _propertyKey_, the following steps are taken:
When the `getMetadata` function is called with arguments _metadataKey_, _target_, and _propertyKey_, the following steps are taken:
When the `getOwnMetadata` function is called with arguments _metadataKey_, _target_, and _propertyKey_, the following steps are taken:
When the `getMetadataKeys` function is called with arguments _target_ and _propertyKey_, the following steps are taken:
When the `getOwnMetadataKeys` function is called with arguments _target_ and _propertyKey_, the following steps are taken:
When the `deleteMetadata` function is called with arguments _metadataKey_, _target_, and _propertyKey_, the following steps are taken:


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