TABLE OF CONTENT
A. GS1 Related B. GS2 Related Polity 1. Vande Mataram must be sung in all educational institutions once a week: Madras High Court 2. Admiralty Bill gets Rajya Sabha nod 3. Meet on island development 4. What’s brewing in Darjeeling C. GS3 Related Economics 1. Taxing times for the States 1. Finance Ministry introduces bill to replace Banking Regulation Ordinance D. GS4 Related E. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn F. Bills/Acts/Schemes/Orgs in News G. UPSC Prelims Practice Questions H. UPSC Mains Practice Questions
A. GS1 Related
Nothing here for Today!!!
B. GS2 Related
1. Vande Mataram must be sung in all educational institutions once a week: Madras High Court
In news:
- The Madras High Court on Tuesday ordered that “Vande Mataram” must be played and sung in all schools, colleges and universities at least once a week, preferably on Monday or Friday
- Vande Matharam” should be played and sung in all government offices and institutions, private companies, factories and industries at least once a month, Madras High Court has ordered
- A person who has difficulty in singing the national song will not be compelled or forced to sing it provided there are valid reasons.
Basic Information
National Song
- The song Vande Mataram, composed in Sanskrit by Bankimchandra Chatterjee, was a source of inspiration to the people in their struggle for freedom. It has an equal status with Jana-gana-mana. The first political occasion when it was sung was the 1896 session of the Indian National Congress.
Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971
- This act is applicable in whole of India (including Jammu & Kashmir) and it prohibits the desecration of or insult to the National Flag, Constitution, National Anthem, India’s Map etc.
- Provisions Regarding National Flag and Constitution: This act makes provision that whoever burns, mutilates, destroys, disfigures or otherwise shows disrespect to India’s National Flag or Constitution shall be punished with an imprisonment (max-3 years) or a fine or both. The definition of Indian Flag included any picture, drawing, photograph or any other visible representation.
-
How the above provisions are related to Flag Code of India 2002?
Display of National Flag is governed by the provisions of two acts viz. Emblems and Names
(Prevention of Improper Use) Act, 1950 and Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act,
1971. Further, the government also issues non-statutory instructions from time to time. The
Flag Code of India brings these laws, conventions and other instructions together and serves
as a single reference point about how to properly hoist flag of India with due honour. The
Flag Code of India itself is not an act of parliament.
How provisions of IPC are related to disrespect to National Anthem? Disrespect to national insignia has been linked to Section 124(A) of IPC, which refers to sedition. This section was slapped on few people in Kerala who failed to stand while National Anthem was being played in a theatre. Similarly, a youth was arrested under Section 66-A of the IT Act in 2014 {this section is now null and void} for posting a picture of National Flag with a derogatory comment on it on Facebook. - Provisions Regarding National Anthem: The section 3 of the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act says that whoever intentionally prevents the singing of National Anthem or causes any disturbance in such singing shall be punished with imprisonment (max 3 years) or a fine or both.
2. Admiralty Bill gets Rajya Sabha nod
In news
Two Bills were passed by Rajya Sabha
- On jurisdiction and settlement of maritime claims
- The Footwear Design and Development Institute
The Admiralty (Jurisdiction and Settlement of Maritime Claims), Bill, 2017
- It was already passed by the Lok Sabha
- The Bill seeks to consolidate the laws relating to admiralty jurisdiction, legal proceedings in connection with vessels, their arrest, detention, sale and other related matters
- Earlier only the High Courts of Bombay, Calcutta and Madras could take up maritime cases
- The Bill extends the power to the High Courts of Karnataka, Kerala, Hyderabad, Orissa and Gujarat, besides any other High Courts as notified by the Centre
The Footwear Design and Development Institute Bill, 2017
- It was already passed by the Lok Sabha
- The bill seeks to establish the institute as an institution of national importance
In news
Island Development Agency (IDA)
- Its first meeting is held recently
- Decision: Ten islands Smith, Ross, Aves, Long and Little Andaman in Andaman & Nicobar and Minicoy, Bangaram, Suheli, Cherium and Tinnakara in Lakshadweep have been identified for development in the first phase.
- The IDA was set up on June 1 this year following Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s review meeting for the development of islands
4. What’s brewing in Darjeeling
Context
- A resurgent Gorkhaland movement and subsequent state crackdown have infused life with violent uncertainty.
What triggered the issue?
- In May, the West Bengal government announced Bengali as a compulsory language in schools across the State.
- This triggered protests and claims of ‘linguistic imperialism’ in the Darjeeling and Kalimpong districts.
- Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee then decided to hold a Cabinet meeting in Darjeeling for the first time in over 40 years.
- But representatives of the Gorkhaland Territorial Administration (GTA) or the three hill MLAs, were not included, eliciting protests.
- Subsequent protests and crackdowns have led to further destruction and deaths.
Gorkhaland
- The Gorkhaland movement is a long-standing quest for a separate State of Gorkhaland within India for Nepali-speaking Indian citizens (often known as ‘Gorkhas’).
- Gorkhaland is a classic sub-nationalist movement, similar to those that have produced other States like Telangana, Uttarakhand etc.
- Gorkhaland is a desire for the recognition, respect, and integration of Gorkha peoples in the Indian nation-state.
- The movement is neither separatist nor anti-nationalist; it is about inclusion and belonging in India.
- It stands as a key means to redress the Gorkhas’ enduring history of discrimination, misconception, and marginalisation in India.
- By demanding Gorkhaland, the people of Darjeeling-Kalimpong are opting out of West Bengal’s domination, and opting in to the democratic frameworks of India.
Gorkhas hardships on many fronts
- Gorkhas remain pegged to the lowest levels of employment.
- Outsiders own the tea industry, and profits flow out of the hills.
- Gorkhas face discrimination when they seek education and work in places like Kolkata, Bengaluru, and New Delhi. Called ‘foreigners’, ‘outsiders’ and ‘chinkys’, racial discrimination affects aspiring Gorkhas at every turn.
Reasons for resurgence
- Since 1947, the Darjeeling-Kalimpong region has remained under West Bengal, despite no substantive pre-Partition evidence to support West Bengal’s territorial claims to this region.
- Conciliatory set-ups like the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council (1988-2012) and the GTA (2012-present) have failed to provide meaningful autonomy.
- Banerjee and others stridently lay claim to Darjeeling, insisting that Bengal will never be divided.
- Imposition of compulsory Bengali is an extensions of histories of domination that the Gorkhas are trying to escape.
- West Bengal’s recent creation of the Kalimpong district (2017) and the State’s doling out of Tribal Development Boards to ethnicities within the Gorkha conglomerate (Tamang, Sherpa, etc.) might appear as paving the way for the TMC’s electoral gains.
- These seems clear examples of ‘divide and rule’ — causing splits in the Gorkha electorate and undermining the already-limited authority of the GTA.
- By summoning thousands to the streets, the GJM (Gorkha Janmukti Morcha) demonstrated its ability to evoke the emotional force of Gorkhaland. But then violence took hold.
- For Gorkhas, the troubling realities of colonial and present-day Darjeeling are eerily similar: linguistic chauvinism, ethnic and racial discrimination, resource extraction, unilateral territorial claims, the denial of self-governance, political suppression; and ultimately, an unwillingness to respect the ‘native point of view’.
C. GS3 Related
1. Taxing times for the States
- Constitutional scheme regarding Taxation
- The Central government was given the power to tax income other than agricultural income, and levy indirect taxes in the form of customs and excise duties
- The State governments were given the sole power to tax the sale of goods and the entry of goods into a State
- Why this division:
- This division of fiscal responsibility was made with a view to making States self-sufficient
- And with a view to supplying to regional powers the flexibility needed to govern according to the respective needs of their people
Functions of GST Council
-
This council will recommend a number of things
- the list of taxes that will be subsumed by the GST
- the goods and services that will be exempt from the levy of tax
- the rates at which tax shall be levied
Virtual Veto of the Union Government in the GST Council
- The council’s decisions will require a three-fourths majority.
- But the Central government’s votes will have a weightage of one-third of the total votes cast.
- This gives a virtual veto to the Union Government.
Confusion regarding GST Council
- The newly introduced Article 279A describes Council’s decisions as “recommendations”(advisory).
- Due to this advisory recommendations, States can choose to ignore the council’s advice, by levying additional tax not only on the sale of goods but also on services and manufacturing.
- On the other hand, if these recommendations are treated as obligatory, we are left with a situation where States would have altogether surrendered their fiscal autonomy to the Central government.
2. Finance Ministry introduces bill to replace Banking Regulation Ordinance
The Banking Regulation (Amendment) Bill, 2017
- It seeks to amend the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 and replace the Banking Regulation (Amendment) Ordinance, 2017.
- It aims to authorise the RBI to direct banking companies to resolve the problem of stressed assets.
Greater power to RBI
- The measure in the bill allows the RBI to initiate insolvency resolution process on specific stressed assets.
- The RBI would also be empowered to issue other directions for resolution, appoint or approve for appointment, authorities or committees to advise the banking companies for stressed asset resolution.
D. GS4 Related
Nothing here for Today!!!
PIB Articles Editorials Roundup
E. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn
F. Bills/Acts/Schemes/Orgs in News
| Bills in News | About the Bill |
| The Admiralty (Jurisdiction and Settlement of Maritime Claims) Bill, 2016 |
|
| Schemes in News | About the Scheme |
| Hamari Dharohar Scheme |
“Hmari Dharohar” scheme for preservation of rich heritage and culture of minority communities of India in 2014-15.
Objectives:
Activities to be covered under the scheme : Selective intervention for preservation of heritage and may cover following kinds of projects:
|
G. Practice Questions for UPSC Prelims Exam
G. UPSC Mains Practice Questions
GS Paper II
- Did the Government of India Act, 1935 lay down a federal constitution? Discuss.(Mains 2016)
- Discuss the possible factors that inhibit India from enacting for its citizens a uniform civil code as provided for in the Directive Principles of State Policy.
GS Paper III
- The nature of economic growth in India in described as jobless growth. Do you agree with this view? Give arguments in favour of your answer.(Mains 2015)
Also, check previous Daily News Analysis .


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This chapter describes annotations in GDB. Annotations were designed to interface GDB to graphical user interfaces or other similar programs which want to interact with GDB at a relatively high level.
The annotation mechanism has largely been superseded by GDB/MI (see section 24. The GDB/MI Interface).
25.1 What is an Annotation? What annotations are; the general syntax. 25.2 The Server Prefix Issuing a command without affecting user state. 25.3 Annotation for GDB Input Annotations marking GDB's need for input. 25.4 Errors Annotations for error messages. 25.5 Invalidation Notices Some annotations describe things now invalid. 25.6 Running the Program Whether the program is running, how it stopped, etc. 25.7 Displaying Source Annotations describing source code.
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Annotations start with a newline character, two `control-z' characters, and the name of the annotation. If there is no additional information associated with this annotation, the name of the annotation is followed immediately by a newline. If there is additional information, the name of the annotation is followed by a space, the additional information, and a newline. The additional information cannot contain newline characters.
Any output not beginning with a newline and two `control-z' characters denotes literal output from GDB. Currently there is no need for GDB to output a newline followed by two `control-z' characters, but if there was such a need, the annotations could be extended with an `escape' annotation which means those three characters as output.
The annotation level, which is specified using the `--annotate' command line option (see section 2.1.2 Choosing Modes), controls how much information GDB prints together with its prompt, values of expressions, source lines, and other types of output. Level 0 is for no annotations, level 1 is for use when GDB is run as a subprocess of GNU Emacs, level 3 is the maximum annotation suitable for programs that control GDB, and level 2 annotations have been made obsolete (see section `Limitations of the Annotation Interface' in GDB's Obsolete Annotations).
set annotate level
set annotate
sets the level of
annotations to the specified level.
show annotate
This chapter describes level 3 annotations.
A simple example of starting up GDB with annotations is:
$ gdb --annotate=3 GNU gdb 6.0 Copyright 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc. GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License, and you are welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under certain conditions. Type "show copying" to see the conditions. There is absolutely no warranty for GDB. Type "show warranty" for details. This GDB was configured as "i386-pc-linux-gnu" ^Z^Zpre-prompt (gdb) ^Z^Zprompt quit ^Z^Zpost-prompt $ |
Here `quit' is input to GDB; the rest is output from GDB. The three lines beginning `^Z^Z' (where `^Z' denotes a `control-z' character) are annotations; the rest is output from GDB.
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If you prefix a command with `server ' then it will not affect the command history, nor will it affect GDB's notion of which command to repeat if RET is pressed on a line by itself. This means that commands can be run behind a user's back by a front-end in a transparent manner.
The server prefix does not affect the recording of values into the value
history; to print a value without recording it into the value history,
use the output
command instead of the print
command.
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When GDB prompts for input, it annotates this fact so it is possible to know when to send output, when the output from a given command is over, etc.
Different kinds of input each have a different input type. Each
input type has three annotations: a pre-
annotation, which
denotes the beginning of any prompt which is being output, a plain
annotation, which denotes the end of the prompt, and then a post-
annotation which denotes the end of any echo which may (or may not) be
associated with the input. For example, the prompt
input type
features the following annotations:
^Z^Zpre-prompt ^Z^Zprompt ^Z^Zpost-prompt |
The input types are
prompt
commands
commands
command. The annotations are repeated for each command which is input.
overload-choice
query
prompt-for-continue
set height 0
to disable
prompting. This is because the counting of lines is buggy in the
presence of annotations.
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^Z^Zquit |
This annotation occurs right before GDB responds to an interrupt.
^Z^Zerror |
This annotation occurs right before GDB responds to an error.
Quit and error annotations indicate that any annotations which GDB was
in the middle of may end abruptly. For example, if a
value-history-begin
annotation is followed by a error
, one
cannot expect to receive the matching value-history-end
. One
cannot expect not to receive it either, however; an error annotation
does not necessarily mean that GDB is immediately returning all the way
to the top level.
A quit or error annotation may be preceded by
^Z^Zerror-begin |
Any output between that and the quit or error annotation is the error message.
Warning messages are not yet annotated.
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The following annotations say that certain pieces of state may have changed.
^Z^Zframes-invalid
The frames (for example, output from the backtrace
command) may
have changed.
^Z^Zbreakpoints-invalid
The breakpoints may have changed. For example, the user just added or deleted a breakpoint.
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When the program starts executing due to a GDB command such as
step
or continue
,
^Z^Zstarting |
is output. When the program stops,
^Z^Zstopped |
is output. Before the stopped
annotation, a variety of
annotations describe how the program stopped.
^Z^Zexited exit-status
^Z^Zsignalled
^Z^Zsignalled
, the
annotation continues:
intro-text ^Z^Zsignal-name name ^Z^Zsignal-name-end middle-text ^Z^Zsignal-string string ^Z^Zsignal-string-end end-text |
where name is the name of the signal, such as SIGILL
or
SIGSEGV
, and string is the explanation of the signal, such
as Illegal Instruction
or Segmentation fault
.
intro-text, middle-text, and end-text are for the
user's benefit and have no particular format.
^Z^Zsignal
signalled
, but GDB is
just saying that the program received the signal, not that it was
terminated with it.
^Z^Zbreakpoint number
^Z^Zwatchpoint number
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The following annotation is used instead of displaying source code:
^Z^Zsource filename:line:character:middle:addr |
where filename is an absolute file name indicating which source file, line is the line number within that file (where 1 is the first line in the file), character is the character position within the file (where 0 is the first character in the file) (for most debug formats this will necessarily point to the beginning of a line), middle is `middle' if addr is in the middle of the line, or `beg' if addr is at the beginning of the line, and addr is the address in the target program associated with the source which is being displayed. addr is in the form `0x' followed by one or more lowercase hex digits (note that this does not depend on the language).
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Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>There are also other ways to contact the FSF.
These pages are maintained by the GDB developers.
Copyright Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.
This document was generated by GDB Administrator on March, 27 2008 using texi2html


At my first week coursing the Full Time UX/UI Bootcamp in Ironhack, my classmates and I were given a project to develop a practical framework to think creatively through small steps. Design Thinking and its five-stage design thinking process is a very common strategy used by companies today to activate creativity and solve problem. Our Design Thinking Workshop was to apply it to a wicked problem. A wicked problem has no stopping rule, no one-shot operation, having more than one explanation.
In the last decades, there has been a rise in consciousness on the importance of good nutrition and the responsibility that individuals have to provide themselves with good food. Organic food is not accessible to everyone, being restricted to those who can actually afford it.
Supermarket chains and other big companies benefit from the organic food market and conscious customers, but don’t actually solve the situation — they just make the gap and the impact bigger with unsustainable models. How Might We help communities access the seasonal produce of their region, fueling fair and honest relationships between producers and customers while ensuring food safety for all
In order to understand our users, my team; Team Avocado began with the first step of the Design Thinking Process, and we started to Empathize with our users trying to see what are their current unmet needs and what needs will they have in the future.
In order to dive into the research, we’ve applied some UX methodologies such as: Value Proposition Canvas which is a team tool for generating surveys faster, from there we created our Surveys and Interviews to users. Based on our results we created an Empathy Map which is used to synthesize rational and sentimental aspects of our users through their situation, feelings and emotions.
Once we analyzed our empathy map we created our User Persona named Healthy Heather. A user persona is a single kind of user whose needs and goals fit into a single product. Once we created Healthy Heather profile we generated a Storyboard which helped us visualized her before, during, and after process through out a graphic sequence. To really analyze Healthy Heather experience in purchasing organic produces we created a User Journey Map.
“A customer journey map is a visualization of the process that a person goes through in order to accomplish a goal. It’s used for understanding and addressing customer needs and pain points.” — Nielsen Norman Group
After finishing the first step of the Design Thinking, we started with the following step Define. Define our users, needs and insights.To do so, we created an Affinity Map where we clustered our findings from our data to find trends and repeating patterns. Once this was done, we structured our Pains and Gains points and possible goals.
In order to interpret our data, we created a “How Might We” statements to unravel our problems. From there, we Ideate the focus by categorizing our HMW scenarios by doing a silent dot-voting where my team member and I placed dot stickers next to a small part of the problem and came up with a solution. This is a quick and simple method for prioritizing a long list of options. Our “How Might We” was the following:
We believe creating a platform to compare prices from different markets for young, health-conscious mothers will achieve their goal of buying organic products at the lowest price.
We will know we are right when the organic industries fulfills their business objectives when users start to shop at a greater number of markets and begin favoring organic products over non-organic products in their shopping habits.


set frame on|off|circle
on
plots
a rectangular frame around
the clipped region off
plots
no frame
circle
plots a rectangular frame for
lat-lon projections,
plots a circular frame for a polar plot at the outermost latitude. Used
for whole-hemisphere plots only.


EA-Eternal War
Army Lists
Army Builder
EA:Eternal War Army Lists
EA: Eternal War is site for fan lists to use playing epic armageddon.
Army Lists
Adeptus Mechanicus
Skitarii Explorator Fleet
(Experimental)
Harlequins
Masque of the Veiled Path
(Experimental)
Harlequins
Masque of the Midnight Sorrow
(Experimental)
Genestealer Cult
Cult of the Four Armed Emperor
(Experimental)
Tyranids
Hive Fleet Dagon
(Experimental)


Nginx is a web server, which can also be used as a reverse proxy, load balancer and HTTP cache. This blog is about how to setup nginx on Ubuntu.
Basic setup for Nginx
Nginx is installed on default Linux repositories, so you can use apt-get to install it.
Nginx installation installs Nginx apps to ufw.
You can allow Nginx apps, they contain their configurations.
Check your Nginx service is running or not.
It is running, type your ip on browser and see the Nginx default page.
Managing the Nginx Process
We can manage the Nginx Web Server using the below command
To stop the Nginx web server use below command
To Start the Nginx Web Server use the below command
To restart the Nginx Web Server use the below command
To load the configuration changes without droping the existing connections, we can use the below command
To start / stop the Nginx web server at the boot time we can use the below commands
To Start
To Stop


This example show how to implement a column-specific context menu to a PrimeFaces DataTable. It also demonstrates how to use the search expressions @row, @column and @cell to update and individual row, column or cell, respectively.
Note that it's important to set the attributes rowKey
and selectionMode="single"
of the PrimeFaces DataTable.
Otherwise, the context menus won't show.


--- layout: post title: how big is a database field?? tags: [] status: publish type: post published: true meta: {} ---
This has puzzled me for a while when dealing with Varchar database field types. Say I assign a value of 255 to the length of my database field, I simply assumed that I could capture 255 bytes worth of characters. However this is not the case. Looking at mailing lists I found some info and this is how I understand it now: if you have three characters, each character takes up 1 byte, making the total length 3 bytes. Then add to that 1 byte to store the number of chars, giving you 4 bytes used. Next I also found a reference to an additional byte, relating to table definitions because Varchar uses variable length data. So number of chars (where 1 byte equals one character) + 2 bytes should give you the right value. Thus is we have a field of type Varchar and of Length 255, can we safely assume that the maximum length a submitted string can be is 253? I hope so!!!


Our services:
We have been providing our services as food supplier to many of the organizations based in M.P Nagar and areas around it. Our work history with corporate offices and press offices is as follows.
- NSBO in M.P Nagar Zone 2 serving 100 people with lunch every day.
- LIC OFFICE in Gautam Nagar, Bhopal providing lunch for 75 people every day.
- 65 employees were provided with lunch at AADRASH PRINTING PRESS Zone 2, M.P Nagar.
- Serving Dainik Bhaskar Head Office employees since 2016.


It is a common foible to forbid ourselves from taking fractions of our future to enjoy the present, but living in the moment can bring us greater joy. [G|D]
Fudge may not add to the functionality of a gamelan, but its delightful sweetness surely adds charm and flavor to the traditional musical performance. [G|D]
Gaining the reward for gallant deeds can often be as gaseous and transient as the wind, but the good deeds themselves should be held in highest regard. [G|D]
While the gauss of a gangster may be strong and gabby, it is far better to choose a path of righteousness, for it will bring greater rewards in the end. [G|D]


Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa
Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus. Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris condimentum nibh, ut fermentum massa
Professor at Hampden-Sydney College in Virginia, looked up one of the more obscure Latin words, consectetur, from a Lorem Ipsum passage, and going through the cites of the word in classical literature, discovered the undoubtable source. Lorem Ipsum comes from sections 1.10.32 and 1.10.33 of "de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum" (The Extremes of Good and Evil) by Cicero, written in 45 BC. This book is a treatise on the theory of ethics, very popular during the Renaissance. The first line of Lorem Ipsum, "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet..", comes from a line in section 1.10.32.


System routines
These functions are declared in the main Allegro header file:
#include <allegro5/allegro.h>
al_install_system
bool al_install_system(int version, int (*atexit_ptr)(void (*)(void)))
Initialize the Allegro system. No other Allegro functions can be called before this (with one or two exceptions).
The version field should always be set to ALLEGRO_VERSION_INT.
If atexit_ptr is non-NULL, and if hasn’t been done already, al_uninstall_system will be registered as an atexit function.
Returns true if Allegro was successfully initialized by this function call (or already was initialized previously), false if Allegro cannot be used. A common reason for this function to fail is when the version of Allegro you compiled your game against is not compatible with the version of the shared libraries that were found on the system.
The version compatibility check works as follows. Let A = xa.ya.za.* be the version of Allegro you compiled with, and B = xb.yb.zb.* be the version of Allegro found in the system shared library.
If you defined ALLEGRO_UNSTABLE
before including Allegro headers, then version A is compatible with B only if xa.ya.za = xb.yb.zb. Otherwise, A is compatible with B only if xa.ya = xb.yb.
See also: al_init
al_init
#define al_init() (al_install_system(ALLEGRO_VERSION_INT, atexit))
Like al_install_system, but automatically passes in the version and uses the atexit function visible in the current binary.
Note: It is typically wrong to call al_init anywhere except the final game binary. In particular, do not call it inside a shared library unless you know what you’re doing. In those cases, it is better to call al_install_system either with a
NULL
atexit_ptr, or with a pointer to atexit provided by the user of this shared library.
See also: al_install_system
Examples:
al_uninstall_system
void al_uninstall_system(void)
Closes down the Allegro system.
Note: al_uninstall_system() can be called without a corresponding al_install_system call, e.g. from atexit().
Examples:
al_is_system_installed
bool al_is_system_installed(void)
Returns true if Allegro is initialized, otherwise returns false.
Examples:
al_get_allegro_version
uint32_t al_get_allegro_version(void)
Returns the (compiled) version of the Allegro library, packed into a single integer as groups of 8 bits in the form (major << 24) | (minor << 16) | (revision << 8) | release
.
You can use code like this to extract them:
uint32_t version = al_get_allegro_version();
int major = version >> 24;
int minor = (version >> 16) & 255;
int revision = (version >> 8) & 255;
int release = version & 255;
The release
number is 0 for an unofficial version and 1 or greater for an official release. For example “5.0.2[1]” would be the (first) official 5.0.2 release while “5.0.2[0]” would be a compile of a version from the “5.0.2” branch before the official release.
al_get_standard_path
int id) ALLEGRO_PATH *al_get_standard_path(
Gets a system path, depending on the id
parameter. Some of these paths may be affected by the organization and application name, so be sure to set those before calling this function.
The paths are not guaranteed to be unique (e.g., SETTINGS and DATA may be the same on some platforms), so you should be sure your filenames are unique if you need to avoid naming collisions. Also, a returned path may not actually exist on the file system.
- ALLEGRO_RESOURCES_PATH
If you bundle data in a location relative to your executable, then you should use this path to locate that data. On most platforms, this is the directory that contains the executable file.
If called from an OS X app bundle, then this will point to the internal resource directory (<bundle.app>/Contents/Resources). To maintain consistency, if you put your resources into a directory called “data” beneath the executable on some other platform (like Windows), then you should also create a directory called “data” under the OS X app bundle’s resource folder.
You should not try to write to this path, as it is very likely read-only.
If you install your resources in some other system directory (e.g., in /usr/share or C:\ProgramData), then you are responsible for keeping track of that yourself.
- ALLEGRO_TEMP_PATH
- Path to the directory for temporary files.
- ALLEGRO_USER_HOME_PATH
- This is the user’s home directory. You should not normally write files into this directory directly, or create any sub folders in it, without explicit permission from the user. One practical application of this path would be to use it as the starting place of a file selector in a GUI.
- ALLEGRO_USER_DOCUMENTS_PATH
This location is easily accessible by the user, and is the place to store documents and files that the user might want to later open with an external program or transfer to another place.
You should not save files here unless the user expects it, usually by explicit permission.
- ALLEGRO_USER_DATA_PATH
- If your program saves any data that the user doesn’t need to access externally, then you should place it here. This is generally the least intrusive place to store data. This path will usually not be present on the file system, so make sure to create it before writing to it.
- ALLEGRO_USER_SETTINGS_PATH
- If you are saving configuration files (especially if the user may want to edit them outside of your program), then you should place them here. This path will usually not be present on the file system, so make sure to create it before writing to it.
- ALLEGRO_EXENAME_PATH
- The full path to the executable.
Returns NULL on failure. The returned path should be freed with al_destroy_path.
See also: al_set_app_name, al_set_org_name, al_destroy_path, al_set_exe_name
Examples:
al_set_exe_name
void al_set_exe_name(char const *path)
This override the executable name used by al_get_standard_path for ALLEGRO_EXENAME_PATH and ALLEGRO_RESOURCES_PATH.
One possibility where changing this can be useful is if you use the Python wrapper. Allegro would then by default think that the system’s Python executable is the current executable - but you can set it to the .py file being executed instead.
Since: 5.0.6, 5.1.0
See also: al_get_standard_path
Examples:
al_set_app_name
void al_set_app_name(const char *app_name)
Sets the global application name.
The application name is used by al_get_standard_path to build the full path to an application’s files.
This function may be called before al_init or al_install_system.
See also: al_get_app_name, al_set_org_name
Examples:
al_set_org_name
void al_set_org_name(const char *org_name)
Sets the global organization name.
The organization name is used by al_get_standard_path to build the full path to an application’s files.
This function may be called before al_init or al_install_system.
See also: al_get_org_name, al_set_app_name
Examples:
al_get_app_name
const char *al_get_app_name(void)
Returns the global application name string.
See also: al_set_app_name
al_get_org_name
const char *al_get_org_name(void)
Returns the global organization name string.
See also: al_set_org_name
al_get_system_config
void) ALLEGRO_CONFIG *al_get_system_config(
Returns the system configuration structure. The returned configuration should not be destroyed with al_destroy_config. This is mainly used for configuring Allegro and its addons. You may populate this configuration before Allegro is installed to control things like the logging levels and other features.
Allegro will try to populate this configuration by loading a configuration file from a few different locations, in this order:
Unix only: /etc/allegro5rc
Unix only: $HOME/allegro5rc
Unix only: $HOME/.allegro5rc
allegro5.cfg next to the executable
If multiple copies are found, then they are merged using al_merge_config_into.
The contents of this file are documented inside a prototypical allegro5.cfg
that you can find in the root directory of the source distributions of Allegro. They are also reproduced below.
Note that Allegro will not look into that file unless you make a copy of it and place it next to your executable!
#
# Configuration file for the Allegro 5 library.
#
# This file should be either in the same directory as your program.
#
# On Unix, this file may also be stored as ~/.allegro5rc or /etc/allegro5rc.
# If multiple files exist, they will be merged, with values from more specific
# files overriding the less specific files.
[graphics]
# Graphics driver.
# Can be 'default', 'opengl' or 'direct3d' (Windows only).
driver=default
# Display configuration selection mode.
#
# Under Linux, it can be used to force the old GLX 1.2 way of choosing
# display settings or the new FBConfig method introduced with GLX 1.3.
#
# Under Windows, when using the OpenGL driver, setting it to old will
# use DescribePixelFormat and new will use wglGetPixelFormatAttribivARB
# (provided by WGL_ARB_pixel_format extension).
#
# Can be 'old' and 'new'. Default is 'new'.
config_selection=new
# What method to use to detect legacy cards for the Direct3D backend of the
# primitives addon. Can be 'default', which means it'll check that the pixel
# shader version supported is below some value. 'force_legacy' will force it to
# detect as a legacy card. 'force_modern' will force it to detect is as a modern
# card.
prim_d3d_legacy_detection=default
# For compatibility reasons, video bitmaps smaller than this size are
# backed by textures with this size. This is often no longer necessary
# on more modern systems, and should be set to < 16 if you're creating
# bitmaps smaller than this size. Note that on Android, this is ignored
# if smaller than 32.
min_bitmap_size=16
[audio]
# Driver can be 'default', 'openal', 'alsa', 'oss', 'pulseaudio' or 'directsound'
# depending on platform.
driver=default
# Mixer quality can be 'linear' (default), 'cubic' (best), or 'point' (bad).
# default_mixer_quality=linear
# The frequency to use for the default voice/mixer. Default: 44100.
# primary_voice_frequency=44100
# primary_mixer_frequency=44100
# Can be 'int16', otherwise defaults to float32.
# primary_voice_depth=float32
# primary_mixer_depth=float32
[oss]
# You can skip probing for OSS4 driver by setting this option to 'yes'.
# Default is 'no'.
force_ver3=no
# When OSS3 is used, you can choose a sound device here.
# Default is '/dev/dsp'.
device=/dev/dsp
[alsa]
# Set the ALSA sound device.
# Default is 'default'.
device=default
# Set the ALSA capture device, e.g. hw:0,0
# Default is 'default'.
capture_device=default
# Set the period size (in samples)
# Note that this is erroneously called 'buffer_size' for backwards
# compatibility.
buffer_size=32
# Set the buffer size (in samples)
buffer_size2=2048
[pulseaudio]
# Set the buffer size (in samples)
buffer_size=1024
[directsound]
# Set the DirectSound buffer size (in samples)
buffer_size = 8192
# Which window to attach the device to. Can be 'desktop', or 'foreground'. Try
# flipping this if there are issues initializing audio.
window = desktop
[opengl]
# If you want to support old OpenGL versions, you can make Allegro
# believe an older version than what you actually have is used with
# this key. This is only for testing/debugging purposes.
# force_opengl_version = 1.2
[opengl_disabled_extensions]
# Any OpenGL extensions can be listed here to make Allegro report them
# as not available. The extensions used by Allegro itself if available
# are shown below - uncommenting them would disable them:
# GL_ARB_texture_non_power_of_two=0
# GL_EXT_framebuffer_object=0
[image]
# Gamma handling of PNG files.
# A value of 0.0 means: Don't do any gamma correction.
# A value of -1.0 means: Use the value from the environment variable
# SCREEN_GAMMA (if available), otherwise fallback to a value of 2.2
# (a good guess for PC monitors, and the value for sRGB colourspace).
# Otherwise, the value is taken as-is.
png_screen_gamma = -1.0
# Compression level for PNG files. Possible values: 0-9, "best", "fastest",
# "none" or "default" (a sane compromise between size and speed).
png_compression_level = default
# Quality level for JPEG files. Possible values: 0-100
jpeg_quality_level = 75
# Quality level for WebP files. Possible values: 0-100 or "lossless"
webp_quality_level = lossless
[joystick]
# Linux: Allegro normally searches for joystick device N at /dev/input/jsN.
# You can override the device file path on a per-device basis, like this.
# device0=/dev/input/by-id/usb-blahblah-joystick
# Windows: You can choose between the XINPUT or DIRECTINPUT driver for
# joysticks and force feedback joysticks. Xinput is the more modern
# system, but DirectInput has more force feedback capabilities for older
# joysticks.
driver=XINPUT
# Windows: Use this to force an XInput DLL version, example "3" forces
# xinput1_3.dll. By default, the latest version is used.
# force_xinput_version = 3
[keyboard]
# You can trap/untrap the mouse cursor within a window with a key combination
# of your choice, e.g. "Ctrl-G", "Shift-Ctrl-G", "Ctrl-LShift", "RWin".
# This feature currently only works on X11 and Windows.
# toggle_mouse_grab_key = ScrollLock
# By default, you can press Ctrl-Alt-Delete or Ctrl-Alt-End to quit Allegro
# programs. Set this to false to disable this feature. This only works on
# Linux.
# enable_three_finger_exit = true
# By default, pressing the LED toggling keys (e.g. CapsLock) will also toggle
# the LED on the keyboard. Setting this to false disable that connection.
# This can only be controled on non-X11 Linux.
# enable_key_led_toggle = true
[trace]
# Comma-separated list of channels to log. Default is "all" which
# disables channel filtering. Some possible channels are:
# system,display,keyboard,opengl
# Channel names can be prefixed with - to exclude only those channels.
# Each addon and source-file can define additional channels though so
# there are more.
channels=all
# Log-level. Can be one of debug, info, warn, error, none or empty.
# In debug builds if it is empty or unset, then the level is set to debug.
# In release builds if it is empty or unset, then the level is set to none.
level=
# Set to 0 to disable line numbers in log files.
lines=1
# Set to 0 to disable timestamps in log files.
timestamps=1
# Set to 0 to disable function names in log files.
functions=1
[x11]
# Can be fullscreen_only, always, never
bypass_compositor = fullscreen_only
[xkeymap]
# Override X11 keycode. The below example maps X11 code 52 (Y) to Allegro
# code 26 (Z) and X11 code 29 (Z) to Allegro code 25 (Y).
# 52=26
# 29=25
[shader]
# If you want to support override version of the d3dx9_xx.dll library
# define this value.
# By default, latest installed version is used.
# force_d3dx9_version = 36
[ttf]
# Set these to something other than 0 to override the default page sizes for TTF
# glyphs.
min_page_size = 0
max_page_size = 0
# This entry contains characters that will be pre-catched during font loading.
# cache_text = a bcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
# Uncomment if you want only the characters in the cache_text entry to ever be drawn
# skip_cache_misses = true
[compatibility]
# Prior to 5.2.4 on Windows you had to manually resize the display when
# showing the menu using the dialog addon. After 5.2.4 this is done
# automatically, but may break old code that handled this eventuality.
# Set this to false for such code.
automatic_menu_display_resize = true
al_get_system_id
void) ALLEGRO_SYSTEM_ID al_get_system_id(
Returns the platform that Allegro is running on.
Since: 5.2.5
See also: ALLEGRO_SYSTEM_ID
al_register_assert_handler
void al_register_assert_handler(void (*handler)(char const *expr,
char const *file, int line, char const *func))
Register a function to be called when an internal Allegro assertion fails. Pass NULL to reset to the default behaviour, which is to do whatever the standard assert()
macro does.
Since: 5.0.6, 5.1.0
al_register_trace_handler
void al_register_trace_handler(void (*handler)(char const *))
Register a callback which is called whenever Allegro writes something to its log files. The default logging to allegro.log is disabled while this callback is active. Pass NULL to revert to the default logging.
This function may be called prior to al_install_system.
See the example allegro5.cfg for documentation on how to configure the used debug channels, logging levels and trace format.
Since: 5.1.5
al_get_cpu_count
int al_get_cpu_count(void)
Returns the number of CPU cores that the system Allegro is running on has and which could be detected, or a negative number if detection failed. Even if a positive number is returned, it might be that it is not correct. For example, Allegro running on a virtual machine will return the amount of CPU’s of the VM, and not that of the underlying system.
Furthermore even if the number is correct, this only gives you information about the total CPU cores of the system Allegro runs on. The amount of cores available to your program may be less due to circumstances such as programs that are currently running.
Therefore, it’s best to use this for advisory purposes only. It is certainly a bad idea to make your program exclusive to systems for which this function returns a certain “desirable” number.
This function may be called prior to al_install_system or al_init.
Since: 5.1.12
Examples:
al_get_ram_size
int al_get_ram_size(void)
Returns the size in MB of the random access memory that the system Allegro is running on has and which could be detected, or a negative number if detection failed. Even if a positive number is returned, it might be that it is not correct. For example, Allegro running on a virtual machine will return the amount of RAM of the VM, and not that of the underlying system.
Furthermore even if the number is correct, this only gives you information about the total physical memory of the system Allegro runs on. The memory available to your program may be less or more than what this function returns due to circumstances such as virtual memory, and other programs that are currently running.
Therefore, it’s best to use this for advisory purposes only. It is certainly a bad idea to make your program exclusive to systems for which this function returns a certain “desirable” number.
This function may be called prior to al_install_system or al_init.
Since: 5.1.12
Examples:
ALLEGRO_SYSTEM_ID
enum ALLEGRO_SYSTEM_ID {
The system Allegro is running on.
- ALLEGRO_SYSTEM_ID_UNKNOWN - Unknown system.
- ALLEGRO_SYSTEM_ID_XGLX - Xglx
- ALLEGRO_SYSTEM_ID_WINDOWS - Windows
- ALLEGRO_SYSTEM_ID_MACOSX - macOS
- ALLEGRO_SYSTEM_ID_ANDROID - Android
- ALLEGRO_SYSTEM_ID_IPHONE - iOS
- ALLEGRO_SYSTEM_ID_GP2XWIZ - GP2XWIZ
- ALLEGRO_SYSTEM_ID_RASPBERRYPI - Raspberry Pi
- ALLEGRO_SYSTEM_ID_SDL - SDL
Since: 5.2.5
See also: al_get_system_id


THE 6TH MAN A film review by Steve Rhodes Copyright 1997 Steve Rhodes
RATING (0 TO ****): ** 1/2
Even pure formula films can have their charms. THE 6TH MAN recycles ideas and dialog from a host of other movies. Not being a sports fan, I tire easily of films whose narrative consists of little more than a fast drive to the big game, which will inevitably end in the big shot that will catapult the underdogs to victory. THE 6TH MAN takes this sports film formula and crosses it with a remake of GHOST, thus increasing the potential for disastrous results. Generally loathing slapstick comedies and being far from the audience's intended demographical age of twelve plus or minus four, I, nevertheless, enjoyed this sweet little film.
Director Randall Miller, whose last picture was the poorly received HOUSEGUEST, paints his film using broad humor mixed with a tinge of pathos. Kenny Tyler (Marlon Wayans) and his brother Antoine (Kadeem Hardison) are basketball stars and buddies. Their dad, whose was their original coach, dies of a heart attack. The boys grow up and play college basketball for the University of Washington Huskies.
The genuine chemistry between Kenny and Antoine puts extra punch in their gentle jabs at each other. "You should forget females," Antoine chides Kenny. "Stick to Nintendo."
Antoine dies of a heart attack just like his dad did. Without his brother, Kenny's play deteriorates and the team's hope for a championship begins to fade rapidly. Stepping into the void caused by Antoine's lost, is Antoine, or rather Antoine's ghost. He becomes the invisible 6th man on the team, and he will propel the Huskies on to victory.  Their cliche-ridden characters still manage to be engaging. On the other hand, David Paymer (from QUIZ SHOW and CITY HALL) gives an unbelievable performance as the Huskies' Coach Peterson. Exhibiting all of the charisma and drive of a fishmonger, he urges his team to do their best.
Although there are a couple of funny lines, the film derives most of its laughs from the physical comedy surrounding the long running joke that only Kenny can see his brother. As the two brothers wrestle with each other, as brothers do, it appears to others as if Kenny's body is exploding in spasms. Typical of the unoriginal dialog is the scene in which Kenny is putting the moves on his would-be girlfriend, R.C. St. John (Michael Michele). After his ghostly brother does something, he yells "Stop that." To which, R.C. inquires, "Stop what?" This scene and those words appear verbatim in almost every ghost movie.
My favorite comedy routine in the show involves the team's mascot. In the pre-game warm-up, the mascot tries out various gadgets to fling himself into the air in a vain attempt to dunk the ball. Always ending in humorous pain to the mascot, the sequences are reminiscent of the coyote in the Road Runner cartoon and his quest to find a gimmick that will enable him to catch that pesky Road Runner.
The show has some nice special effects where Antoine's body is distorted in various ways. One time, for example, he blows up his thumb like a balloon which then disengages from his hand and whooshes away.
Other than the two stars, the other actors add little to advance the story. Michael Michele, as the girlfriend and snoopy reporter, gives an uninspired performance in an underwritten role. The basketball team is a careful mix of characters of every type, but none with any depth. The threadbare and risk-adverse script by Christopher Reed and Cynthia Carle needs more substance and originality. They feed a lot of one-liners to the on-court announcers, but most fall flat. ("Call 911 - that ball needs a doctor")
No matter how minimal the supporting cast and the writing, the two leads carry the show. Their brotherly love radiates readily into the audience. I've seen their vaudevillian style of humor many times before, but they are so good spirited that I still found myself laughing with the rest of the crowd.
THE 6TH MAN runs too long at 1:44. It is rated PG-13 for some profanity and innuendoes. The film would be fine for kids 7 and up. My son Jeffrey, almost 8, said, "I love it. It is so good." Since he knew from the trailers that the lead character would die, he did not become scared. This upbeat show's comedic energy won me over enough to be able to recommend it and give it ** 1/2.
**** = A must see film. *** = Excellent show. Look for it. ** = Average movie. Kind of enjoyable. * = Poor show. Don't waste your money. 0 = Totally and painfully unbearable picture.
REVIEW WRITTEN ON: March 27, 1997
Opinions expressed are mine and not meant to reflect my employer's.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
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review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


About
I grew up in a rural Australian town called Mildura, which is about 550km
North-West of Melbourne, on the banks of the Murray river.
I moved to Melbourne to study for University; I attended the University of
Melbourne and was awarded a Bachelor of Science degree, majoring in Computing
and Software Systems, in 2017. I also taught there for two semesters
across two different years; I was a Laboratory Demonstrator for Foundations
of Computing, an introduction to programming course for Science students
with no programming background, in the latter half of 2016. Following
outstanding reviews, I subsequently was the Head Tutor for Media
Computation, a similar subject for Design students with no science/maths
background assumed.
Since then I've worked in various capacities predominantly in the financial services sector; I've worked for multiple tier-1 Australian banks as a software engineer (developing integrations using MuleSoft as well as teaching a team to do the same), project planner, solution designer/architect, and now delivery manager.
I find many things fascinating and am generally interested in all sorts of
creative hobbies which involve making things. I've tried lots of things and want to try many, many more.
I intend to catalogue my results here, partly for my recollection and
partly for the general interest of others.
If you have knowledge or interest in any of the following, please reach out;
I'd love to hear from you!
- Electronics, circuitry and sensors
- AgTech, especially automated farm monitoring and maintenance of crops
- Ceramics, particularly vitrified earthenware or glass
- Woodworking
- Metalworking
- Resin casting and 3d printing
- Painting


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I work with love.
About me
My name is John Doe. I am a designer and Front-end developer based in earth. My designs, solutions and ideas for your brands.
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Alan<EMAIL_ADDRESS>said:
I have a master branch. We have a branch off of that that some
developers are doing work on. They claim it is ready. We merge it
into the master branch. It breaks something so we revert the merge.
They make changes to the code. they get it to a point where they say
it is ok and we merge again.
When examined, we find that code changes made before the revert are
not in the master branch, but code changes after are in the master
branch.
and asked for help recovering from this situation.
The history immediately after the "revert of the merge" would look like this:
---o---o---o---M---x---x---W
/
---A---B
where A and B are on the side development that was not so good, M is the merge that brings these premature changes into the mainline, x are changes unrelated to what the side branch did and already made on the mainline, and W is the "revert of the merge M" (doesn’t W look M upside down?). IOW, "diff W..W" is similar to "diff -R M..M".
Such a "revert" of a merge can be made with:
$ git revert -m 1 M
After the developers of the side branch fix their mistakes, the history may look like this:
---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x
/
---A---B-------------------C---D
where C and D are to fix what was broken in A and B, and you may already have some other changes on the mainline after W.
If you merge the updated side branch (with D at its tip), none of the changes made in A nor B will be in the result, because they were reverted by W. That is what Alan saw.
 But reverting a merge commit also
undoes the _data_ that the commit changed, but it does absolutely
nothing to the effects on _history_ that the merge had.
So the merge will still exist, and it will still be seen as joining
the two branches together, and future merges will see that merge as
the last shared state - and the revert that reverted the merge brought
in will not affect that at all.
So a "revert" undoes the data changes, but it's very much _not_ an
"undo" in the sense that it doesn't undo the effects of a commit on
the repository history.
So if you think of "revert" as "undo", then you're going to always
miss this part of reverts. Yes, it undoes the data, but no, it doesn't
undo history.
In such a situation, you would want to first revert the previous revert, which would make the history look like this:
---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---Y
/
---A---B-------------------C---D
where Y is the revert of W. Such a "revert of the revert" can be done with:
$ git revert W
This history would (ignoring possible conflicts between what W and W..Y changed) be equivalent to not having W nor Y at all in the history:
---o---o---o---M---x---x-------x----
/
---A---B-------------------C---D
and merging the side branch again will not have conflict arising from an earlier revert and revert of the revert.
---o---o---o---M---x---x-------x-------*
/ /
---A---B-------------------C---D
Of course the changes made in C and D still can conflict with what was done by any of the x, but that is just a normal merge conflict.
On the other hand, if the developers of the side branch discarded their faulty A and B, and redone the changes on top of the updated mainline after the revert, the history would have looked like this:
---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---x
/ \
---A---B A'--B'--C'
If you reverted the revert in such a case as in the previous example:
---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---x---Y---*
/ \ /
---A---B A'--B'--C'
where Y is the revert of W, A' and B' are rerolled A and B, and there may also be a further fix-up C' on the side branch. "diff Y..Y" is similar to "diff -R W..W" (which in turn means it is similar to "diff M..M"), and "diff A'..C'" by definition would be similar but different from that, because it is a rerolled series of the earlier change. There will be a lot of overlapping changes that result in conflicts. So do not do "revert of revert" blindly without thinking..
---o---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---x
/ \
---A---B A'--B'--C'
In the history with rebased side branch, W (and M) are behind the merge base of the updated branch and the tip of the mainline, and they should merge without the past faulty merge and its revert getting in the way.
To recap, these are two very different scenarios, and they want two very different resolution strategies:
-
If the faulty side branch was fixed by adding corrections on top, then doing a revert of the previous revert would be the right thing to do.
-
If the faulty side branch whose effects were discarded by an earlier revert of a merge was rebuilt from scratch (i.e. rebasing and fixing, as you seem to have interpreted), then re-merging the result without doing anything else fancy would be the right thing to do. (See the ADDENDUM below for how to rebuild a branch from scratch without changing its original branching-off point.)
However, there are things to keep in mind when reverting a merge (and reverting such a revert).
For example, think about what reverting a merge (and then reverting the revert) does to bisectability. Ignore the fact that the revert of a revert is undoing it - just think of it as a "single commit that does a lot". Because that is what it does.
When you have a problem you are chasing down, and you hit a "revert this merge", what you’re hitting is essentially a single commit that contains all the changes (but obviously in reverse) of all the commits that got merged. So it’s debugging hell, because now you don’t have lots of small changes that you can try to pinpoint which part of it changes.
But does it all work? Sure it does. You can revert a merge, and from a purely technical angle, git did it very naturally and had no real troubles. It just considered it a change from "state before merge" to "state after merge", and that was it. Nothing complicated, nothing odd, nothing really dangerous. Git will do it without even thinking about it.
So from a technical angle, there’s nothing wrong with reverting a merge, but from a workflow angle it’s something that you generally should try to avoid.
If at all possible, for example, if you find a problem that got merged into the main tree, rather than revert the merge, try really hard to bisect the problem down into the branch you merged, and just fix it, or try to revert the individual commit that caused it.
Yes, it’s more complex, and no, it’s not always going to work (sometimes the answer is: "oops, I really shouldn’t have merged it, because it wasn’t ready yet, and I really need to undo all of the merge"). So then you really should revert the merge, but when you want to re-do the merge, you now need to do it by reverting the revert.
ADDENDUM
Sometimes you have to rewrite one of a topic branch’s commits and you can’t change the topic’s branching-off point. Consider the following situation:
P---o---o---M---x---x---W---x
\ /
A---B---C
where commit W reverted commit M because it turned out that commit B was wrong and needs to be rewritten, but you need the rewritten topic to still branch from commit P (perhaps P is a branching-off point for yet another branch, and you want be able to merge the topic into both branches).
The natural thing to do in this case is to checkout the A-B-C branch and use "rebase -i P" to change commit B. However this does not rewrite commit A, because "rebase -i" by default fast-forwards over any initial commits selected with the "pick" command. So you end up with this:
P---o---o---M---x---x---W---x
\ /
A---B---C <-- old branch
\
B'---C' <-- naively rewritten branch
To merge A-B'-C' into the mainline branch you would still have to first revert commit W in order to pick up the changes in A, but then it’s likely that the changes in B' will conflict with the original B changes re-introduced by the reversion of W.
However, you can avoid these problems if you recreate the entire branch, including commit A:
A'---B'---C' <-- completely rewritten branch
/
P---o---o---M---x---x---W---x
\ /
A---B---C
You can merge A'-B'-C' into the mainline branch without worrying about first reverting W. Mainline’s history would look like this:
A'---B'---C'------------------
/ \
P---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---M2
\ /
A---B---C
But if you don’t actually need to change commit A, then you need some way to recreate it as a new commit with the same changes in it. The rebase command’s --no-ff option provides a way to do this:
$ git rebase [-i] --no-ff P
The --no-ff option creates a new branch A'-B'-C' with all-new commits (all the SHA IDs will be different) even if in the interactive case you only actually modify commit B. You can then merge this new branch directly into the mainline branch and be sure you’ll get all of the branch’s changes.
You can also use --no-ff in cases where you just add extra commits to the topic to fix it up. Let’s revisit the situation discussed at the start of this howto:
P---o---o---M---x---x---W---x
\ /
A---B---C----------------D---E <-- fixed-up topic branch
At this point, you can use --no-ff to recreate the topic branch:
$ git checkout E
$ git rebase --no-ff P
yielding
A'---B'---C'------------D'---E' <-- recreated topic branch
/
P---o---o---M---x---x---W---x
\ /
A---B---C----------------D---E
You can merge the recreated branch into the mainline without reverting commit W, and mainline’s history will look like this:
A'---B'---C'------------D'---E'
/ \
P---o---o---M---x---x---W---x---M2
\ /
A---B---C


deploy.rb |
|
|---|---|
|
These tasks provide the basic mechanism getting new code onto servers using git. |
require 'recap/tasks'
require 'recap/support/capistrano_extensions' |
|
These deployment tasks are designed to work alongside the tasks for altering environment variables, as well as the preflight checks and bootstrap tasks. |
require 'recap/tasks/env'
require 'recap/tasks/preflight'
require 'recap/tasks/bootstrap'
module Recap::Tasks::Deploy
extend Recap::Support::Namespace
namespace :deploy do |
|
To use this recipe, both the application’s name and its git repository are required. |
set(:application) { abort "You must set the name of your application in your Capfile, e.g.: set :application, 'tomafro.net'" }
set(:repository) { abort "You must set the git respository location in your Capfile, e.g.: set :respository<EMAIL_ADDRESS>} |
|
The recipe assumes that the application code will be run as a dedicated user. Any user who can deploy the application should be added as a member of the application’s group. By default, both the application user and group take the same name as the application. |
set(:application_user) { application }
set(:application_group) { application_user } |
|
Deployments can be made from any branch. |
set(:branch, 'master') |
|
Unlike a standard capistrano deployment, all releases are stored directly in the |
set(:deploy_to) { "/home/#{application_user}/app" } |
|
Each release is marked by a unique tag, generated with the current timestamp. This should not be changed, as the format is matched in the list of tags to find deploy tags. |
set(:release_tag) { Time.now.utc.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S") } |
|
If |
set(:release_matcher) { /\A[0-9]{14}\Z/ } |
|
On tagging a release, a message is also recorded alongside the tag. This message can contain anything useful – its contents are not important for the recipe. |
set(:release_message, "Deployed at #{Time.now}") |
|
Some tasks need to know the |
set(:latest_tag) { latest_tag_from_repository } |
|
Force a complete deploy, even if no trigger files have changed |
set(:force_full_deploy, false) |
|
To authenticate with github or other git servers, it is easier (and cleaner) to forward the deploying user’s ssh key than manage keys on deployment servers. |
ssh_options[:forward_agent] = true |
|
If key forwarding isn’t possible, git may show a password prompt which stalls capistrano unless
|
default_run_options[:pty] = true |
|
The |
desc "Prepare servers for deployment"
task :setup, :except => {:no_release => true} do
transaction do
top.env.set
clone_code
end
end |
|
The |
task :clone_code, :except => {:no_release => true} do
on_rollback { as_app "rm -fr #{deploy_to}" } |
|
Before cloning, the directory needs to exist and be both readable and writeable by the application group |
as_app "mkdir -p #{deploy_to}", "~"
as_app "chmod g+rw #{deploy_to}" |
|
Then clone the code and change to the given branch |
git "clone #{repository} ."
git "reset --hard origin/#{branch}"
end |
|
The |
desc "Deploy the latest application code"
task :default do
transaction do
top.env.set
update_code
tag
end
restart
end |
|
|
task :full do
set(:force_full_deploy, true)
default
end |
|
Fetch the latest changes, then update |
task :update_code, :except => {:no_release => true} do
on_rollback { git "reset --hard #{latest_tag}" if latest_tag }
git "fetch"
git "reset --hard origin/#{branch}"
end |
|
Tag |
task :tag, :except => {:no_release => true} do
unless release_tag =~ release_matcher
abort "The release_tag must be matched by the release_matcher regex, #{release_tag} doesn't match #{release_matcher}"
end
on_rollback { git "tag -d #{release_tag}" }
git "tag #{release_tag} -m '#{release_message}'"
end |
|
After a successful deployment, the app is restarted. In the most basic deployments this does nothing, but other recipes may override it, or attach tasks to its before or after hooks. |
desc "Restart the application following a deploy"
task :restart do
end |
|
To rollback a release, the latest tag is deleted, and |
desc "Rollback to the previous release"
namespace :rollback do
task :default do
if latest_tag
git "tag -d #{latest_tag}"
if previous_tag = latest_tag_from_repository
git "reset --hard #{previous_tag}"
end
restart
else
abort "This app is not currently deployed"
end
end
end |
|
The |
desc "Remove all deployed files"
task :destroy do
sudo "rm -rf #{deploy_to}"
end
end
end |


Uber launches new safety features in UK as it fights for new license
Uber launched a set of new safety features in Britain on Thursday as it battles to retain its taxi operating license in the face of concerns about passenger safety.
LONDON: Uber launched a set of new safety features in Britain on Thursday as it battles to retain its taxi operating license in the face of concerns about passenger safety.
The measures include a discrimination button enabling drivers and riders to report abuse, enhanced safety training for drivers and a direct connection to the emergency services.
In September, Uber received only a two-month operating license in London, its most important European market, failing to secure a maximum five-year term in a battle with the regulator Transport for London (TfL) which has previously stripped the app of its right to take rides.
The two-month license came with "new conditions to ensure passenger safety" and TfL said at the time it wanted more details from the company.
In 2017, TfL rejected the Silicon Valley company's license renewal request due to failings it said it found in its approach to reporting serious criminal offences and driver background checks. Uber was then granted a probationary 15-month license in 2018.
Drivers of London's traditional black taxis have lobbied hard against a license renewal, citing safety issues, working standards and the undercutting of their business model.
Uber says its roughly 45,000 drivers in the city enjoy the flexibility of their work and that it has already taken several steps to improve safety for its passengers.
(Reporting by Stephen Addison; Editing by Alistair Smout)


Appendix B A Tour of the Source Code
This section was updated on Janury 2003
./:
configure: a shell script that creates the CCured makefiles by
scanning your system for existing programs (like gcc)
Makefile.cil.in: instructions for building CIL
Makefile.in: instructions for building CCured
Makefile.ocaml: used by Makefile.ccured for the Ocaml part
Makefile.gcc: Included in the above if you use gcc
Makefile.msvc: Included in the above if you use Microsoft Visual C
./src: (ML code)
main: driver for CCured: parses command line arguments
and transforms its input C files
./src/ccured: (ML code)
cure: inserts run-time checks into C code based on
pointer annotations
curesplit: turns multi-word structure pointer representations
into multiple single-word variables (increases
performance by allowing later compilers to make
better optimizations)
curestats: counts the static number of run-time checks
inserted
curechecks: Some run-time checks for CCured
cxxpp: A preprocessor for EDG's output on C++ lowering.
markptr: marks pointers based on their usage so that the
inferencer can pick an efficient representation
markutil: Various utility functions
optim: optimizes the placement of run-time checks
ptrnode: a graph data structure used by the inferencer
poly: handling of polymorphism
seoptim: a symbolic-execution based run-time check
eliminator
solver: an old inferencer
solveutil: support functions common to all inferencers
type: an implementation of physical subtyping; determines
if one C type is a physical subtype of another
typecheck: verify that the pointer representations have been
assigned soundly
unionfind: a support data structure
vararg: handling of variable argument functions
wrappers: handling of wrappers
./bin/: (scripts)
ccured: a drop-in replacement for 'gcc' and for MS 'cl'
./include/: (C header files for use with programs being cured)
ccured_GNUCC.patch: a description of what to patch (modify) in GCC's
standard header files
ccured_MSVC.patch: as above, but for MS VC
gcc_<version>/: the patched files created when ccured_GNUCC.patch
is applied to the files in your /usr/include.
<version> is your version of gcc. These files are
created when you build ccured.
cl_<version>/: as above, but for MSVC.
ccured.h: included before curing
ccuredcheck.h: inline macros for doing run-time checks (included
after curing)
ccuredannot.h: various declarations and macros common to ccured.h and
ccuredcheck.h
*_wrappers.h: wrappers for various functions in the standard library.
For example, we patch stdio.h to #include
stdio_wrappers.h, so that whenever you include stdio.h
in the target program the appropriate wrappers are
brought in as well.
./lib/: (C code for use at runtime)
ccuredlib.c: a library for error handling, wrapper helpers, etc
gc/: boehm-weiser garbage collector
(http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Hans_Boehm/gc/)
browser*: browser Javascript code


Preparation time
less than 30 mins
Cooking time
over 2 hours
Serves
Serves 2
Succulent duck breasts are served here with earthy beetroots and spiced cauliflower for a vibrant and aromatic dish for two.
Preheat the oven to 200C/180C Fan/Gas 6.
Rub the baby beetroots with olive oil and sprinkle with thyme, salt and pepper. Cover with foil and cook for about 2 hours, or until soft.
Meanwhile, carefully remove the skin from the duck breasts, wrap in cling film and freeze until solid. Shred as finely as possible.
Once the beets are cool enough to handle, peel and cut into quarters.
Heat a dash oil in a frying pan over a medium heat and cook the duck breasts for 10–12 minutes until medium rare. Remove and set aside to rest.
Add the duck skin to the pan and fry until crisp. Remove and drain on kitchen paper. When cool enough to handle, slice into strips.
Melt the butter in a frying pan over a medium heat. Add the grated cauliflower, garlic and chilli and gently cook, without colouring, for 5–8 minutes. Add the milk and cook until soft. Pour into a blender or food processor and blend into a purée. Pass through a fine sieve and set aside.
Dry fry the seeds and spices in a frying pan until toasted and aromatic. Bash in a pestle and mortar.
Blanch the cauliflower florets in boiling water for 3 minutes, drain and toss in the toasted spices, chilli and garlic. Set aside.
Blitz the cooked red beetroots in a blender until smooth.
Place the cauliflower purée in the centre of two plates and scatter over the cauliflower florets and baby beetroot. Slice the duck on a diagonal into strips and serve between the two plates. Scatter the duck scratchings on top. Spoon over the beetroot dressing, finish with the yellow beetroot slices and serve.


{include file="header/header" /}
phone: +{$school_info['school_tel']} +{$school_info['school_phone']}


Sourcecodester
" rel="nofollow">https://sourcecdester.com">Sourcecodester
PHP - Upload and Download File Application
Upload
Name
Action
query("SELECT * FROM `file`") or die(mysqli_error()); while($fetch = $row->fetch_array()){ ?>
Download


Luxury Resort
Living for the
fancy
folk.™
In beautiful Bermuda
Come stay with us in our luxurious, one of a kind home style suites.
Accomodations
Activities
Travel Arrangements
Gallery
Contact Us


3 references to PathExtensions
System.Management.Automation (3)
engine\CommandSearcher.cs (1)
1365
foreach (string extension in CommandDiscovery.
PathExtensions
)
engine\MshCmdlet.cs (1)
568
foreach (string extension in CommandDiscovery.
PathExtensions
)
namespaces\FileSystemProvider.cs (1)
2082
else if ((Platform.IsWindows && CommandDiscovery.
PathExtensions
.Contains(fileInfo.Extension.ToLower())) ||


Singapore’s Premium Project to be Seamlessly Linked to Queens Town MRT Station
There is no opening BALLOTING HOUSE SELECTION Sold out


SegmentInventory
Overview
The SegmentInventory is a class which registers some information about every
segments currently present in a SourceBuffer.
One of them is created for every new QueuedSourceBuffer
.
This helps the RxPlayer to avoid re-downloading segments unnecessarily and know when old one have been garbage collected. For example, we could decide not to re-download a segment in any of the following cases:
-
The same segment is already completely present in the SourceBuffer
-
The same segment is partially present in the SourceBuffer (read: a part has been removed or garbage collected), but enough is still there for what we want to play
-
Another segment is in the SourceBuffer at the wanted time, but it is the same content in a better or samey quality
On the contrary, we need to download the segment in the following cases:
-
No segment has been pushed at the given time
-
A segment has been pushed, but at a lower quality than what we currently want
-
A segment has been pushed at a sufficient quality, but we miss to much of it for our needs (too much has been garbage collected, removed or the segment is just too short).
-
A segment has been pushed but is not exactly the content we want (example: it is in another language)
Thanks to the SegmentInventory, we can infer on which situation we are at any time.
Implementation
The SegmentInventory is merely a “Store”, meaning it will just store and process the data you give to it, without searching for the information itself.
It contains in its state an array, the inventory, which stores every segments which should be present in the SourceBuffer in a chronological order.
To construct this inventory, three methods can be used:
-
one to add information about a new chunk (part of a segment or the whole segment), which should have been pushed to the SourceBuffer.
-
one to indicate that every chunks from a given segment have been pushed.
-
one to synchronize the currently pushed segments with what the real SourceBuffer says it has buffered.
After calling the synchronization one, you should be able to tell which parts of which segments are currently living in your SourceBuffer.


Marvel-Us History Database
Marvel Characters Image and Movie Reference
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Select a Marvel Top-10 Movie
Marvel Movies: Top 10
1. Iron Man
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New Maple Leafs coach Sheldon Keefe says Toronto has enough talent for quick progress
by David BrandtNew Toronto Maple Leafs coach Sheldon Keefe spent a decent chunk of a 30-minute morning skate on Thursday teaching instead of running drills.
There’s a lot for his new team to learn and not much time to do it.
The 39-year-old Keefe is now in charge of the Maple Leafs after veteran coach Mike Babcock was fired Wednesday with the team mired in a six-game losing streak.
Keefe was officially introduced Thursday morning as the 31st head coach in Maple Leafs history. He’s got a long history with general manager Kyle Dubas, who hopes Keefe is the right choice to help Toronto bounce back from a disappointing 9-10-4 start.
Keefe believes it can be done.
“We’ve got a lot of talent and the ability to make life hard on the other team in a lot of ways,” he said. “Focusing on that, we believe, will produce positive results. Because the players are good enough for that to happen.”
Keefe will make his coaching debut during Toronto’s game against the Arizona Coyotes on Thursday night.


MP4 Spliterator
Getting Started
Prerequisites
You need at least an installed Java 8 or above to run the code. You can download it from java.com.
Installing
Just download the last release and extract it in a folder of your choice, then double click the EXE file.
One of the first things the application does is to download ffmpeg. You can speed up this progress by downloading it yourself and entering the location of the downloaded file in the init wizard.
Split MP4 Into Chapters
Splitting an MP4 into chapters is an easy process which can be done in very little clicks:
- 1st a) Double click on a video in the .
- 1st b) Or open a video directly via the menu .
- 2nd The video will be opened in a separate section where you can check and uncheck the chapters.
- 3rd Click and choose a folder. The chapters will be exported into this folder.
Merge and Split Chapters
If you want to export one or more chapters into a single file, you can use the button
.The merged chapters are then displayed together in a group:
To revert this process you can use the button
.Note: To select multiple videos at once use Shift (contiguous selection) or CTRL (selection of separate elements).
Preferences
You can customize the chapter export via
.The following settings can be changed:
- File pattern - the pattern for the exported chapter files; uses the following place holders
- {number} - a running number in the order of the chapters
- {chapterTitle} - the title of the chapter
- Shift of start time - if not zero, this value changes the start time of a chapter; i.e. a value of -500 means the chapter is split 500ms before the chapter's actual start time
- Shift of end time - if not zero, this value changes the end time of a chapter; i.e. a value of 700 means the chapter is split 700ms after the chapter's actual end time


SharingSheet
Presents a standard UIKit
Share Sheet from within a SwiftUI View on iOS or iPad OS. Automatically handles placing the sheet into a Popover on iPadOS.
Example:
Button(action: {
SharingSheet.openMarkdownPrintSheet(markdown: dataStore.allShoppingLists(asMarkdown:true), simpleText: dataStore.allShoppingLists(), fromX: 245.0, fromY: 32.0)
}) {
Image(systemName: "square.and.arrow.up")
.resizable()
.foregroundColor(Color("AccentColor"))
}
.frame(width: 24.0, height: 24.0)
.help("Share your Shopping Lists")
-
The common, shared SharingSheet controller.
-
Opens a Share Sheet for the provided list of items.
Example:
Button(action: { SharingSheet.openSheet(markdown: dataStore.allShoppingLists(asMarkdown:true), simpleText: dataStore.allShoppingLists(), fromX: 245.0, fromY: 32.0) }) { Image(systemName: "square.and.arrow.up") .resizable() .foregroundColor(Color("AccentColor")) } .frame(width: 24.0, height: 24.0) .help("Share your Shopping Lists")
Remark
If running on iPadOS and either the
fromX
orfromY
properties are not provided, the popover will be presented from the center of the screen. -
Opens a Share Sheet for the provided text with the option to print the text using a simple style (
UISimpleTextPrintFormatter
).Example:
Button(action: { SharingSheet.openMarkdownPrintSheet(markdown: dataStore.allShoppingLists(asMarkdown:true), simpleText: dataStore.allShoppingLists(), fromX: 245.0, fromY: 32.0) }) { Image(systemName: "square.and.arrow.up") .resizable() .foregroundColor(Color("AccentColor")) } .frame(width: 24.0, height: 24.0) .help("Share your Shopping Lists")
Remark
If running on iPadOS and either the
fromX
orfromY
properties are not provided, the popover will be presented from the center of the screen. -
Opens a Share Sheet for the provided text with the option to print the text (which has been formatted in Markdown) using a simple style (
UISimpleTextPrintFormatter
).Example:
Button(action: { SharingSheet.openMarkdownPrintSheet(markdown: dataStore.allShoppingLists(asMarkdown:true), simpleText: dataStore.allShoppingLists(), fromX: 245.0, fromY: 32.0) }) { Image(systemName: "square.and.arrow.up") .resizable() .foregroundColor(Color("AccentColor")) } .frame(width: 24.0, height: 24.0) .help("Share your Shopping Lists")
Remark
If running on iPadOS and either the
fromX
orfromY
properties are not provided, the popover will be presented from the center of the screen. -
Opens a Share Sheet for the provided text with the option to print the text (which has been formatted in Markdown) using a simple style (
UISimpleTextPrintFormatter
).Example:
Button(action: { SharingSheet.openMarkdownPrintSheet(markdown: dataStore.allShoppingLists(asMarkdown:true), simpleText: dataStore.allShoppingLists(), fromX: 245.0, fromY: 32.0) }) { Image(systemName: "square.and.arrow.up") .resizable() .foregroundColor(Color("AccentColor")) } .frame(width: 24.0, height: 24.0) .help("Share your Shopping Lists")
Remark
If running on iPadOS and either the
fromX
orfromY
properties are not provided, the popover will be presented from the center of the screen.
-
Returns the placehold for the item being shared.
-
Returns the data for the item being shared.
-
Returns the subject for the item being shared.
-
Opens a Share Sheet for the given item.
Remark
If running on iPadOS and either the
fromX
orfromY
properties are not provided, the popover will be presented from the center of the screen. -
Opens a Share Sheet for the given item, title and placeholder.
Remark
If running on iPadOS and either the
fromX
orfromY
properties are not provided, the popover will be presented from the center of the screen.


I am experienced in Electrical engineering and customer service. Studying System engineering.
Improve the quality of life and alleviate rural poverty in the un-energized and off-grid areas by providing the four (4) basic needs such as lights, education, entertainment and communication through affordable and reliable source of energy - solar
Customer service representatives help customers with complaints and questions, give customers information about products and services, take orders, and process returns. By helping customers understand the product and answering questions.
Collaboratively administrate empowered markets via plug-and-play networks. Dynamically procrastinate B2C users after installed base benefits. Dramatically visualize customer directed convergence without revolutionary ROI.
GPA: 3.48
GPA: 3.15
Apart from being a web developer, I enjoy most of my time being outdoors. In the winter, I am an avid skier and novice ice climber. During the warmer months here in Colorado, I enjoy mountain biking, free climbing, and kayaking.
When forced indoors, I follow a number of sci-fi and fantasy genre movies and television shows, I am an aspiring chef, and I spend a large amount of my free time exploring the latest technology advancements in the front-end web development world.


Problem 1. Numbers
Answer will appear here and in the console
Problem 2. Numbers not divisible
Answer will appear here and in the console
Problem 3. Min/Max of sequence
Answer will appear here and in the console
Problem 4. Lexicographically smallest
Answer will appear here and in the console


Donations
Please donate to promote
bullying amongst teenagers.
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Password:
Amount to be donated:


About Subversion
-
What is Version Control?
A short explanation of what Version Control is and why you should use it.
-
What is Subversion?
A short explanation of what Subversion (SVN) is and what you can use it for.
-
Key concepts
If you are new to Subversion, read this chapter to get started quickly.
-
Some history
Read where Subversion came from, who created it and what they aimed to achieve.
-
Further reading
Links to more reading material online.


Bug summary:
Add Token does not create token
Observed Behavior (a description of what happened with the app):
I created a test token (named it "test") with a random seed and no other information provided and it did not show up when i hit "done". This was also the first ever token I had created (I didn't have other tokens) so maybe that plays a role. Additionally, it was an "Event token" and I didn't enter anything in the serial # field or OTP length field (OTP was prefilled with 6 I believe).
Expected Behavior (a description of what you expected to happen):
I expected my newly created "test" token to appear
Steps to Reproduce (the steps to reproduce the problem):
1. Launch app
2. Hit add token from the dropdown menu in the top right
3. type the name you'd like for your token (I used "test")
4. Enter nothing in the Serial # field and do not change the OTP length just hit next
5. Hit generate random seed
6. Hit complete
7. Observe that token is not created
Additional information:
Attachments:


The Honor 9X with pop-up selfie camera, headphone jack, and triple rear cameras is on sale for £249
by Peter HoldenHaving previously gone on sale in Russia and the Netherlands, the Honor 9X is finally available to purchase in the United Kingdom.
The 9X features a big 6.59-inch IPS FullView notch-less display with FHD+ resolution, the afore-mentioned Kirin 710 octa-core processor, and depending on region, 4GB/6GB of RAM and 64GB/128GB of built-in storage with MicroSD card support of up to 512GB. Honor addressed one of our main concerns with the 2018’s 8X by giving the 9X a USB Type-C charging port, which is appreciated, and, amazingly at this point in 2019, an audio jack is present. Powering the 9X is a big 4,000mAh battery that should bring all-day battery life and a little more besides.
The trio of rear cameras consists of a 48MP main sensor, an 8MP Super-wide angle lens, and a 2MP Depth-of-Field sensor. The pop-up selfie camera features a 16MP sensor.
Available in Midnight Black and Sapphire Blue, the Honor 9X is available from the usual suspects such as Amazon and Carphone Warehouse. Keep an eye out for our upcoming review of the Honor 9X.
Buy it Now: Amazon , Carphone Warehouse
Google smart speaker sales dropped 40% year-over-year while Amazon maintains a firm lead
The Pixel 3 bombed, even with a ton of advertising and promotions
[Deal] TCL TVs are already on sale for up to 40% ahead of Black Friday


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Introduction¶
Currently, considerable efforts must be put to find optimal solution for NP-Hard 4 problems. Reoptimisation deals with, If given an optimal solution to a problem instance \(I_O\), can we find a good approximated solution to instance \(I_N\), where \(I_N\) is \(I_O\) with some ‘local’ modifications? The goal is to expose some well known reoptimization algorithms. Some references 1 2 3.
- 1
Escoffier, B., Bonifaci, V., Ausiello, G.: Complexity and approximation in reoptimization (02 2011), <https://doi.org/10.1142/9781848162778_0004>
- 2
Vazirani, V.V.: Approximation algorithms. Springer (2001) <https://www.ics.uci.edu/~vazirani/book.pdf>
- 3
- 4
Usage¶
Implementation basically consists of
Having a graph data structure utility
Implementing the respective graph algorithm methods
Graph Data structure¶
The graph data structure implementation here is based on an adjacency list representation.
The adjacency structure is implemented as a Python dictionary of dictionaries, the outer dictionary is keyed by vertices and mapped to neighboring vertex forming an edge.
Vertices and Edges are provided with a weight property
Supports CRUD operations on vertices and edges of graph
Graph utilities
Graph
- Graph utilities class
Undirected Graph
- Undirected utilities class
Vertex
- Vertex utilities class
Edge
- Edge utilities class
Algorithms¶
Reoptimization of k Path vertex cover problems (k-PCVP)¶
The objective in k Path vertex cover problem is to compute a minimum subset \(S\) of the vertices in a graph \(G\) such that \(S\) covers all the paths of length \(k\) in the graph
Note k-PVCP will be referred as minimum k-PVCP throughout the package
PTAS for unweighted k-PVCP under constant size graph insertion 8¶
PTAS 9 algorithm when a constant size graph is inserted to the old graph. By constant graph we mean a graph having constant number of vertices.
- 8
Kumar M., Kumar A., Pandu Rangan C. (2019) Reoptimization of Path Vertex Cover Problem. In: Du DZ., Duan Z., Tian C. (eds) Computing and Combinatorics. COCOON 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 11653. Springer, Cham <https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-26176-4_30>
- 9
UnweightedPVCP.reoptimize_ptas
- Method to perform the algorithm
k-PVCP utilities¶
Some utilities for k path vertex cover
PVCUtils.is_k_pvc
- Method to check if a vertex set is a valid k path vertex coverPVCUtils.is_vertex_set_path
- Method to check if a vertex set forms a path in the graphPVCUtils.is_path
- Method to check if a path exists in the graph
Package documentation¶
Package implementing some well known Reoptimization algorithms |
Contribution¶
Want to add or improvise the repository? Check out the Contributing documentation :)


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webpixel
The WebPixel project
About the project
Q: What is this exactly?
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