texts: Can 'historical fact' be modified by 'present perfect'?

texts:
I learned that we should express 'historical event' in the past tense.
But when the historical event has relation with the present, can we describe the historical event in a present perfect?
like this sentence,

"The Korean war has had a bad effect on my family."

How do you think about this?


texts: "...or make the hints of a new particle disappear" -- why the indefinite article if the particle has already been mentioned?

texts:
I was reading the news and came across this sentence:

  More data could provide additional details — or make the hints of a new particle disappear.

The new particle has already been mentioned several times before. There, the word used the definite article  (although the word hints didn't). I thought this sentence should be using the definite article as well in order to refer to the same thing.

Why is the indefinite article in front of new particle being used, and what would be the difference between the definite and indefinite articles?


texts: what used after ''had great motivation''?

texts:
She had great motivation ... the exam.

a)in passing
b)passing
c)to pass
which answer is true? and why?


texts:
Boy: Oh, where can I find a real job?
Mom: Well, you can start by looking in the newspaper.
Boy: There are so many jobs, how can I decide which job to choose?
Mom: You need help.
Boy: Oh, where can I find help?
Mom: In an employment agency.
.
.
.
(At the Employment Agency)
Clerk: May I help you?
Boy: Yes, you may help me. I'm looking for a job.
Clerk: Would you please go and check the board.
Boy: OK. Oh! driver, secretary, mover. But so many cards, so many new jobs, so many positions available. How can I decide which job I should do? Can you help me decide?
Clerk: Of course. That's my job to help you decide which job you should do.

How can I decide which job I should do?
What does "do" mean in the above sentences?
Does it mean "choose"?
Thank you


texts: Which preposition should one use: for, with, in, or by?

texts:
If one needs to say that the product may be purchased in a certain currency, which preposition should he use?

  The product may be purchased (in | for | with | by) U.S. dollars.

If one needs to say that the product may be purchased for a certain amount of money, which preposition should he use?

  The product may be purchased (in | for | with | by) 40 dollars.


texts:
I came across this sentence in a book, and even though I've looked at many dictionaries and it seems to me that this is a typo, I am still not quite sure.

Zolpidem, the sleeping pill marked as Ambien, causes peculiar memory
symptoms.

I googled "pill marked as" and "tablet marked as" and it appears that in those examples they're referring to a handwritten name and not a brand name on a printed label.
Is that a typo? If not, what exactly does it mean?


texts: A formal reply to a customer's rude response

texts:
What would you reply back to a customer who has responded back rudely?

Writing 'I'll be glad to help you' in this case sounds vague.

Any alternate sentence you can think of.

Also, we regret for the inconvenience caused is quite common. So apart from that any suggestion?


texts: 'I'm going into the city' vs. 'I'm going to the city'

texts:
Suppose a person is relatively close to Los Angeles, say one mile, could they say 'I'm going into the city'? If yes, suppose that that person is 50 miles from Los Angeles, could they say 'I'm going to the city'? If yes, suppose the person is moving toward Los Angeles, what is the distance from that city at which that person should replace 'to' with 'into'? 10 miles, 5 miles, or less?

Also, could that distance depend on how big is the city to which that person is arriving?


texts: leave again. Is it correct to add "again"?

texts:
Two men step into the room, look around, find nothing, and leave again.

Writing "again" sounds natural to me even though it's not like they have left the room one time before, but I'm not a native speaker, so could anyone please tell me if it's correct?


texts:
Is this a correct use for the in-spirit synonym?

  Method-A is similar in-spiririt to method-B


texts: Would you tell me what 'play off of' means in this context?

texts:
Go pear shaped (The plan isn't working / plan is going wrong)

  ... In all likelihood, this has nothing to do with the fruit, but
  rather plays off of the expectation of something being round, but
  instead having it be an odd shape.

Could I have your help in interpreting the phrasal verb? I looked it up in dictionaries. It has several meanings. I expect that means 'to react to or interact with, as in a drama'. I'm not sure of whether I am right though.


texts: Meaning of - Forgivable lapse in your circumstances

texts:
What does the above sentence mean ?

Context:
Me - I got up late today.
Friend - It is a forgivable lapse in your circumstances.

Is the above sentence correct?  I feel it is not but I'm not able to pinpoint the exact error.


texts:
If I have two apples, one is smaller (/bigger) than the second. What's the way to ask about the differences between them in percents?

Could it be correct to say

  1)  "In how many percents is this one smaller than the second?"

Or simply I should omit the preposition (in) and ask:

  2)  "How many percents is this one smaller than the second?"

Or maybe neither work here and an other way that I didn't mention is correct?


texts: Can "You, too" be a negative short reply to a negative command, if you want to tell him not to do what he has just wanted you not to

texts:
Suppose there are two people. One of them tells the other to do something and the other wants the other person to do the same. So, A tells B "Eat an apple", B wants A to do the same thing.
So, B can shortly tell  "you, too"., which means "I want you to do same thing." or "you must do the same as what you told me to." For instance:
"A: Eat an apple."
"B: You, too."
So far so good. The answer of B "You, too" simply gives the same command to A in a shorter form.
My question is what happens if the command is negative. For instance;
"A: Do not make noise."
"B: ................?????"
So, B wants to respond "Don't you make a noise either, just like you tell me not to."
So, Can B use the same above structure (You, too) when the impreative is negative? Or must it be in another form like:
"You either" or
"You neither" or
"Nor you"
"Neither you"
or none of the above?


texts: Why do headlines contain articles when they shouldn't?

texts:
Why do we put articles in title or headings?

What difference would it make to add the articles in "A bag of cookies"  and "The bag of cookies"?

Another example:

  The affection distorts the perception.

Shouldn't it be "affection distorts perception" because it's headlinese?

Why do we see an inclusion of articles in headlinese?


texts: What is left after "most" is taken from something: "some" or "very small number"?

texts:
I think this is a very subjective question.
You have to choose an answer from the options after reading a passage.

Here is the relevant part of the passage:

  All sunlike stars are born binaries. Most split up, while the rest become tight binaries.

And here is the question

  How many sunlike stars tighten together?

A) Some
B) Most
C) Almost all
D) Very small number

I thought the answer would be "D", "very small  number". The reason is as most of the stars are split up what is remaining should be very small number. According to the tutor it's B, "some". I am sure B is not really wrong, but which is more accurate here?


texts: Philippines experiences/enjoys tropical climate

texts:
In my exam I chose

  Philippines experiences tropical climate.

instead of

  Philippines enjoys tropical climate.

However, my teacher said that the answer is otherwise. Can you explain it?


texts:
Is using "by" before a reflexive pronoun at the end of a sentence optional?
Contrastive examples:

He can do it by himself.
He can do it himself.


texts: "which is people don't vote" vs "which is people not voting"

texts:
We have a big issue in my country which is people don't vote for elections.

The first sentence, the part that is before which, is okay for me cuz it contains one verb.
The second sentence contains two verbs. Is it correct or should I add -ing  like:

  We have a big issue in my country which is people not voting for elections.

Which one sounds more native and Colloquial according to AmE?


texts:
What is the difference between once I receive and once received?

Ex.

I will send the picture to you once I receive it from John.
I will send the picture to you once received.


texts: Usage of the article 'a' and 'the' and suggestion for better wording

texts:
1)  Is the 'a' before 'shirtless Jimi Hendrix' not required? Because my word processor keeps marking it as wrong when I use it. I'm sure 'Jimi Hendrix' is not a mass noun. If it is not required, please explain why.

  Assuming it is a painter series, she looks forward to seeing a Monet, a
  Klimt, or perhaps a Seo-bo Park next but surprisingly it is a
  shirtless Jimi Hendrix singing passionately.

Also, I'm racking my brains for a better sounding phrase in place of 'singing passionately'. Any suggestions?

2) Does the following sentence need the article 'the'. Why?

  There was a woman on the TV.

  There was a woman on TV.

  There was a woman on the television.

  There was a woman on television.

3) In connection with the second question, is it 'in the news' or 'on the news'?

I saw a man in the news.
I saw a man on the news.


texts:
Please, which one is better?

Some people learn foreign languages by themselves/on their own?


texts: What does the phrase "dropped loot" mean here?

texts:
Please help me figure out the meaning of the phrase "dropped loot" in the following sentence from the description of the game "Teamfight Tactics":

  While your warriors automatically clash, you’ll manually guide your
  adorable Little Legend captain to scoop up dropped loot.
  (source)

I have found the phrase "dropped loot" in many games, but I am not sure about its meaning. I know the lexical meanings of the word "loot" are "goods stolen during pillaging" and "a collection of valued items". I am not sure which of the meanings fits here.

Thank you for your time.


texts: Is "Come to (place)" when you're not at the place correct?

texts:
I got into an argument with a friend over the correct usage of the language in a forwarded joke which has a few statements that just didn't feel right to me.

  Son - Dad, you got called to school.
  .....
  Son - Did you come to school ?
  .....
  Son - ok good because the gym teacher wants you to come too.

Assuming that this conversation was happening between the father and his son at home, shouldn't it be "Did you went to the school" or "Did you go to the school"?
My friend thinks this is perfectly correct usage but it does not feel natural to me. Can we really use 'come' even when we are not present at the place we are talking about? Like, I have never heard anyone say, 'How do you come to school'.


texts: Is this sentence right? It is from my exercise book

texts:
"The evidence that the flower in the greenhouse failing to endure any storms indicates that kids should never be spoiled too much."

This sentence is the answer of an translation question which I found in a English exercise book. The question required me to translate a sentence from my native language to English. And I doubt the "failing" in this sentence, I think there must be something wrong.

Is this sentence right or wrong? If it is wrong, could you show the right one?
Thank you very much!


texts: The toilet paper has run out/I've run out of toilet paper; I've used all the toilet paper up

texts:
If someone in the restroom runs out of toilet paper and that person calls out to a person outside (at home),what will sound natural:

  The toilet paper has run out.

  I've run out of toilet paper.

  I've used all the toilet paper up.

  The toilet paper is all used up.

Do these sentences sound natural?


texts:
He was convicted on/of a misdemeanor.

I am confused in this sentence, I know the commoner phrase is “convicted of”, but I have recently read some examples where “convicted on” is used. How to differentiate between these two? Can we use both the prepositions in this sentence?


texts:
I'm learning English with "English Grammar in Use. 2012 4-ed. by Murphy R." book and I'm confused with an explanation in Unit 41 "Wish".

It's said there that it's ok to say

  "I wish you a pleasant stay here."

or

  "I hope you have a pleasant stay here."

but not

  "I wish you have a pleasant stay here."

  "I wish you would have a pleasant stay here."

So, the question is why I cannot say

  "I wish you had a pleasant stay here."

?

I guess it's also correct but just is missed in the examples. Am I right?


texts: Which can be used before "distance" among much/large/long/huge/big?

texts:
I am a foreign person who is trying to learn English hard.
So thankfully, I would like get your answer.

The following is an explanation about the meaning of the word "shallow"(adjective) in Oxford English Learner's Dictionary.

  not having much distance between the top or surface and the bottom

And I wonder what kinds of modifiers can also come before "distance" instead of "much" in that expression.
Like among large/long/huge/big etc.

If you add some explanation why, then it would be what I will be even greatly more grateful for.

Thank you. :)


texts: We swam in the same pool we saw / had seen in the photos

texts:
Which is the correct form and why?

  On safari we swam in the same pool we saw in the photos on the website.
  On safari we swam in the same pool we had seen in the photos on the website.


texts: When do we put adjectives before or after nouns?

texts: My question is: when do we put adjectives before nouns, and when do we put adjective after nouns? Because sometimes, I heard people put adjectives before nouns and sometimes after.


texts: What does the adjective "complicated" mean in this context?

texts:
I read a sentence in my book which was:

  Their work led to a realisation that issues of injustice to women and of gender inequalities were complicated in nature.

The adjective "complicated" means "difficult to understand, analyse". But I don't think that is the sense the word has been used in here. So, what am I missing?


texts: Meaning of: Walk round with (or walk around with)

texts:
Is walk round with an idiom?

So we walk round with this fear that the other person isn’t going to
be interested in talking to us

The text is from BBC 6 minute English. It might be a typo and be Walk around with. But anyway, is that an idiom?


texts: Can I say "I want to know how the data is corrected"?

texts: What I want to say is "I want to know how the data is corrected", but I don't know if this is a correct sentence. Any problem on "how the data is corrected" part?


texts: How to say 'must have' when this is not an opinion, but a certainty?

texts:
I'm commenting a portion of a computer program. I would like to say that some portion of the code is reached after the user has pressed a button, and that he/she actually had no other option.

My initial phrasing was:

  The user has clicked a button, let's update the message accordingly...

But I would like to emphasize the fact that the user was not given any other possibility than to click a button anyway. My tentative:

  The user must have clicked a button.

But I fear must could weakens the assertion, and that the sentence might now means:

  My opinion is the user has clicked a button.


texts: Meaning of verb "nose" in "Georgie wanted to pull him over the breakfast bar and nose at his cheeks."

texts:
This is a passage from a novel:

  When Neal smiled, he had dimples like parentheses--stubbly parentheses. Georgie wanted to pull him over the breakfast bar and nose at his cheeks. (That was her standard response to Neal smiling.) (Though Neal probably wouldn't know that.)

Does nose here means putting her nose on his cheeks?


texts: "apart from" vs "other than" vs "aside from" vs "except for" vs "besides"

texts:
I have a question regarding the usage of "apart from", "other than", "aside from", "except for" and "besides"?

Suppose I have three books X, Y and Z. My friend knows I have Book X. So if he wants to know how many books I have along with X, Which of the above phrases are correct?

  Hey Subha, how many books do you have besides X?
  Hey Subha, how many books do you have other than X?
  Hey Subha, how many books do you have apart from X?
  Hey Subha, how many books do you have aside from X?
  Hey Subha, how many books do you have except for X?

I think all of the above are correct but except for. I am not sure. Am I right?

And one more question: Suppose a contractor who paints houses asks me "Hi, sir, do you want to paint your kitchen?" I answer, "No, at the moment; I don't think it needs to be painted." Now in these circumstances, which of the following phrases should the contractor use when asks the next question?

  Contractor: Hi, sir, do you want to paint your kitchen?
  Me: No, at the moment; I don't think it needs to be painted.
  Contractor: Do you want to paint anything in your house other than/except for/apart from/besides your kitchen?

I think besides is not correct here. The rest of all the phrases are correct. I am not sure. Please explain.


texts:
In fact I have reserved the book but  as I had lost my password, I could not pay

Are the tenses used correctly I have a little doubt on past perfect had lost


texts: Can "speech" mean a physical paper of a speech?

texts:
And he had turned the Prime Minister’s teacup into a gerbil. “But,” said the Prime Minister breathlessly, watching his teacup chewing on the corner of his next speech, “but why — why has nobody told me — ?”
—Harry Potter

Apparently speech here is to mean a speech in physical form. But I looked that up in oxford dictionary and found nothing of this use. Is this a wrong use of the word "speech"?


texts:
'The old man shook his head cunningly. "Na--Na--Na!" he cried. "I know
  better. Every time I tell my tale men stone me. But, Thanes, I will
  tell you a greater thing. Listen!" He told us how many paces it was
  from some Saxon Saint's shrine to another shrine, and how many more
  back to the Abbey of the Battle.

  '"Ay," said he. "I have trodden it too often to be out even ten
  paces. I move very swiftly. Harold of Norway knows that, and so does
  Tostig my brother. They lie at ease at Stamford Bridge, and from
  Stamford Bridge to the Battle Abbey it is--" he muttered over many
  numbers and forgot  us.

This is from "The Tree of Justice" in "Rewars and Fairies" by Kipling.
http://www.telelib.com/authors/K/KiplingRudyard/prose/RewardsFaries/treejustice.html

I do not understand the meaning below.
I am glad if somebody kindly teach me.

I have trodden it too often to be out even ten paces.


texts:
I just learned that a word "Authoritative" exists. Up until now I have always used the word "Authorative", which I must have picked up along the way when I was browsing some technical documentation (I'm a software engineer).

I have looked up "Authorative" in Merriam Webster and on Wiktionary, and the word does not exist there. However, a general Google search for "Authorative" turns up quite a few references. Are all these people (including myself) really using a mis-spelled word, or is "Authorative" just a variant spelling?


texts: Does the bold verb in the mentioned sentence require a third-person s?

texts: According to that theory, knowledge does not require that the believer possess/possesses positive reason.


texts:
Is the following sentence correct?

  Are you seeing movies in your free time.

I want to ask my friend whether he watches English movies in his free time .


texts: Correct way to concisely identify items using the order in which they were submitted

texts:
I'm looking for a concise way to say some thing like

  The item that was submitted for first|second|third|...

The best I could come up with was

  The first|second|third|... submitted item

I guess it's short enough, but I'm not sure it feels natural.

Note that the items are submitted in a batch, but in an ordered fashion.
Also,  "first|second|third" are alternatives.


texts: "packing with a hard knot in the pit of his stomach" meaning

texts:
... Harry Knew why she wanted to spin out their time on the riverbank; several times he saw her look up eagerly and he was sure she had deluded herself into thinking that she heard footsteps through the heavy rain, but no red-haired figure appeared between the trees. Every time Harry imitated her, looked round (for he could not help hoping a little himself) and saw nothing but rain-swept woods, another little parcel of fury exploded inside him. he could hear Ron saying "We thought you know what you were doing!", and he resumed packing with a hard knot in the pit of his stomach.

  Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows

I don't understand "packing with a hard knot in the pit of his stomach". What does it mean?


texts:
In which cases and situations do we use the word commodity? As far as I understand it, it refers to any kind of product, utility, tool, anything that is being transported or anything being kept as cargo.

Can we use this word to speak about living creatures being transported from one place to another? Can we yse it to speak about medicine and food that's being cargoed?

We've loaded the car with different commodities, which include food, medicine and equipment.


texts:
So I'm guessing you had an extra ticket and couldn't decide which one
  of you got to bring a date?

What does "bring a date" mean in this sentence? Thanks in advance!


texts: Is using "madder" grammatically correct?

texts:
I've seen in several occasions many people using the comparative adjective "madder".

Like in saying "I'm mad at him. But if he didn't ask I'll be even madder."

This "madder" just doesn't sound correct to my ears .. so what do you think?


texts: What are "will have" and "shall have"? How is "may have" used?

texts:
Firstly, I want to know whether will have and shall have are modal verbs, or do they have future perfect tenses, or both?
If these are modal verbs, can I use them in both the past and present?
Secondly, can I use may have in both the past and present?


texts:
I have two sentences and would like to combine them using a relative clause.

  Those who don't learn from the past are doomed to repeat previous mistakes.

  Knowing previous mistakes helps us to avoid repeating those mistakes.

Can I say:

  Those who don't learn from the past are doomed to repeat previous mistakes, knowing which helps us to avoid repeating those mistakes.

And is there some guide that I can read in regards to this topic?


texts:
Which formal word would be used instead of the phrasal verb " to pay off"

  Most of the time, such as large investment schemes can need a substantial
  amount of money, and it could take years to finish and pay off?


texts: Is there a verb that means "repurpose a religious building for the needs of a different religious group"?

texts:
You know when buildings initially made for a particular religion is used by a group of a different religion? I am not sure if it happens in real life, but how would you say it? There must be a way to say it in a simple manner, but I can't think of a good way that sounds natural.

For example:

  This ancient abandoned Christian church was ___ a group of Hindus who
  immigrated to the country recently.


texts:
Alexa's father (Dave): I just hope Principal Trugly doesn't remember
  me. I was always such a model student. I'd hate to let her down.

  Alexa's mother: This is about Alexa, Dave.

  Alexa's mother: I just don't understand what made you do something
  like that, Alexa!

Why did Dave use "would" in the sentence above instead of "I hated to let her down."? Is it kind of hypothetical conditional?

I couldn't figure the bold sentence out. I mean I am not sure whether the bold sentence is related to the future or it is the future in the past?

Movie: Alexa and Katie

P.S: Dave was a good boy at school, he doesn’t want the Principal to recognise him and realise that he is in someway “wrong” because he’s Alexa’s dad.


texts: Scientific vocabulary for 'to remove flaws and make something complete'

texts:
There are tons of vocabularies related to this concept, such as strengthen, improve, or enhance, but I've never found one proper vocabulary for a scientific (or at least formal) usage with this meaning. Oftentimes I want to describe an act of making some systems perfect by removing their hidden flaws. I think strengthen is inappropriate as it sounds like building some sort of muscle power. improve and enhance are not what I wanted too, since they're too much general and they don't seem like implying the flaw-removal concept.

Edit: I've added some examples that I thought simple improve is not quite specific.

  Our research goal: improving the Intel CPU Architecture.

As you see, there are many ways to improve it; by accelerating the speed, by reducing its power consumption, or by removing its security flaws. The verb that I'm finding now is what inherently signifies the third act.


texts:
I wrote:

  One of these functions is RegEx. It takes a string and a regular expression as input and returns part of the string that matches a pattern specified in parentheses in the regular expression.

I know "part of something" means *some, but not all". However, a specific part of something is countable. I don't know here, I should use "a/the part of string" or simply "part of the string"?


texts: Why it is 'an' SEO but the abbrevation is 'a' Search Engine Optimizer?

texts: The article for SEO is 'an' ie. 'an SEO' but Search Engine Optimizer ( Abbreviation of SEO ) is called as 'a Search Engine Optimizer'. Why do these variations?


texts:
Direct speech: This morning he said," I shall leave Delhi tomorrow."

Reported speech(book answer): This morning he said that he would leave Delhi tomorrow.

But i think there should the next day instead of tomorrow.

Correct me if am i am wrong?


texts:
I'm not a native English speaker, so I need some help. Could you please explain in other words what the following phrase means?

  I salt my salad beyond the point of tasting my own tears.

In particular the "beyond the point of" part.


texts:
Can the first comma be replaced with a period?
I think this is a non-essential relative clause, but I feel it can be two separate sentences.

  Scientists have found a promising alternative to fear aversion therapy that involves using brain scanning technology and artificial intelligence to create “decoded neurofeedback”, a method that essentially erases the fearful memories from one’s mind without needing to evoke them, making it less traumatizing for people who don’t wish to relive their fears through aversion therapy.

Even for the second comma, so it becomes:

  Scientists have found a promising alternative to fear aversion therapy that involves using brain scanning technology and artificial intelligence to create “decoded neurofeedback”. A method that essentially erases the fearful memories from one’s mind without needing to evoke them. Making it less traumatizing for people who don’t wish to relive their fears through aversion therapy.


texts: Travel the world and Travel around the world

texts:
travel the world
travel around the world

Is there any difference between the two phrases?


texts:
I m not really sure about using participles in this specific usage.

  I am sorry for leaving earlier.

  I am sorry for having left earlier.

I used the first option when writing an email to my teacher describing I was not able to come to the meeting she arranged.But I have been doubting the second sentence too, cause I know it is also an option, so which one is better for this specific occassion.


texts: "Date", "Meeting", "Gathering" and "Appointment"

texts:
As far as I know, a romantic meeting can be called a "date". They both like each other. But when you meet a person who provide you with a service such as a dentist, doctor, psychologist, lawyer..., it is called an "appointment". And when you meet someone for business, it's called a "meeting".
However, if I just meet my friends or a new girlfriend, I can say: "I'm meeting/seeing friends/a new girlfriend.
That's OK. "Learning English with Papa Teach Me" on Youtube said that. Both of them are full sentences, but I want a specific noun like "the first date" or "the first gathering" or "the first meeting". Which ones I can use? And if possible, could you explain your advice?
Thanks in advance for any helping or advice.


texts: Which tense of the verb like should I use in the given sentence?

texts:
I need you to read something I wrote, and tell me how you liked it.

I need you to read something I wrote, and tell me how you like it.

Do both the sentences mean the same thing? Are both grammatically correct?


texts: Meaning of "your" in "Do you know your ABC?"

texts:
The Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary's article for "ABC" contains the following example:

  Do you know your ABC?

I wonder why "your" is used in this example sentence. ABC in the stated meaning of "all the letters of the alphabet, especially as they are learnt by children" is the same for all people and therefore the same for all children.

So, what's the point in asking a child "Do you know your ABC?" if there is no "his", "her" or "their" ABCs?


texts: Could someone explain me what is the difference between "I received your e-mail" and "I've received your e-mail". Thanks.


texts: is it correct to use the past tense in this context?

texts:
This is my sentence:

  Human used collaborative filtering since the beginning of the history. For example, while discovering fruits, if a man was hungry and he found a new fruit, he would check what happened to the other people who have eaten it before in order to decide if it is healthy of poisoned.

Actually it is the whole context I have. My question is: is it correct to use past tense like i did ? or it is better to use present because it is a fact?


texts:
I'm pretty sure there's a word for that. Example sentence:

  Oh, pink shoes. Couldn't you pick something girlier?" his brother __.


texts:
Does "Heaven" have the same meaning as "God" here?

  Couldn't keep it in,Heaven knows I tried.

It is in the animation "Frozen" in the Elsa thought.

Just another question: do we have to write "Heaven" or "heaven" when it is not the first word of the sentence?


texts: is the verb "lie" in the sense of telling lies always stative?

texts:
I was watching Lord of the Rings, and in the scene where the ork said that Aragorn had fallen off the cliff, Legolas said: "you lie". Why did he say it in the present simple time?
Wouldn't the present progressive be more appropriate in that situation?


texts: What is the name of the plastic cover of books and magazines?

texts: When buying books in books-shop, we see sometimes a transparent cover which covers the book hermetically as a sign that it's new and nobody used or opened it. What is the name of this cover in English? (how to name it?) Can I say simply cover and everybody will understand What I'm talking about?


texts:
“Why do you think it was him?” Mary asked.

  “Why do you think it was him?” asked Mary.

Since both options are common in books, I’m sure they both are perfectly correct in terms of grammar. But is there any difference in undertone or something? Or the two options don’t differ from each other at all, and it’s just a matter of preference of the author?


texts: What are the ways to say that I was in a place without the possibility to connect with my phone?

texts:
What the ways to say that I was in a place without possibility to connect with my phone?

For example in such situation:

  Wife: Why did you not answer my call when I called you?"

  Husband: "I was in a place without connection"(?) / or "I didn't have
  connection"

In my language we say: "I didn't have signal /reception /range /coverage" or "I was in area without signal /reception /range /coverage. (I'm not sure about the accurate term of each one of them for translation).

In the meantime I found somethings but I'm not sure about their usage if any:

I was in a dead zone for cell phones.
I was in radio shadow.
I was in a non-serviced area


texts: What's the meaning of the word "inuseless" in this sentence?

texts:
I read a sentence in Word by Word by Kory Stamper which was:

  The trustee suggests that it would probably be inuseless to suggest anything for these unrestless scholars who are so irregardless of their conduct.

No dictionary has any entry of "inuseless"; but considering that the book is written by a lexicographer, I am still not sure if it really is a mistake or even a typo.


texts: Choice between ''in my freshman year' and 'during my freshman year'

texts:
I am writing my essay and could someone possibly have a look at this sentence for me, please?

  My strong passion for education stems from my experience with Jack Liu, a teenage English learner who I tutored during my freshman year.

Which one is correct, 'during my freshman year' or 'in my freshman year'?
BTW, I am currently a senior college student.


texts: Negative polarity item 'any' & Positive polarity item 'some'

texts:
In the book that I'm now reading, it says that the sentence
(1) "Only two of us had some experience in sailing"
is ungrammatical, because 'only' has negative meaning, so the positive polarity item 'some' cannot be positioned in this sentence.
Therefore,
(2) "Only two of us had any experience in sailing"
is the correct sentence according to this book.
However, I am now really confused by these two sentences. Do they have the same meaning, and also, is it right to say the sentence (1) is strictly ungrammatical?


texts: What is the word for the metal things on boots where the laces go?

texts: What are the metal parts of a boot where the laces are meant to go called? There are the circle parts and the hook parts. Do these have a different name each, or do they have the same name?


texts: results in the onslaught of THE (?) data created

texts:
In this sentence

  It results in the onslaught of the data created by devices.

should I remove "the" before data? or since I'm talking about a kind of data that is created by devices, I should keep the?


texts: Does the verb "stitch" need preposition for specification?

texts:
As a learner I use the verb stitch without any prepositions / adverbs, like:

  I need to stitch the rip in my shirt.

Today I read:

  ...stitch it up and stitch it down.

Do up and down here shows only the direction of movement of the needle?

Please explain.

Thanks in advance.


texts:
Which of the following sentences is correct?

  "People are giving up drinking by thousands."
  "People are giving up drinking by the thousands."


texts:
She can play the piano as well as he can.

  She can play the piano as well as he can do.

I prefer the second for having other helping verb. I have read we use ''do'' as ''substitue verb'' while there is no ''other auxiliary verbs.


texts: Is there much flexibility in using “'s” and “of” instead each other?

texts:
As a nonnative English speaker, sometimes I struggle with usage of 's or of or nouns together, for example

Ali's car.

the pole of the flag ,

the walls of the train.

the beauty of women's

I don't know if it's OK if I change them, especially when, for example, I'm writing and I think if I change them in the sentence it would be more effective, and I write like this:

flag's pole or flag pole

train walls

the beauty of a woman or the beauty of theirs.


texts: How did that word come to mean that? VS How has that word come to mean that?

texts:
This is a question about the past tense VS the present perfect tense problem.

I would like to know which tense is the one to use in the following instance.
I made the verb part in bold.

  How did that word come to mean that?
  How has that word come to mean that?

For example, the word "fiddle"(I am not asking about this word) as a verb has a second meaning in the entry of Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary as below.

  the 2nd meaning as a verb of 'fiddle': [transitive] fiddle something (informal) to change the details or figures of something in order to try to get money dishonestly, or gain an advantage

And the origin of the word is as follows from Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary.

  Old English fithele, denoting a violin or similar instrument (originally not an informal or depreciatory term), related to Dutch vedel and German Fiedel, based on Latin vitulari ‘celebrate a festival, be joyful’, perhaps from Vitula, the name of a Roman goddess of joy and victory

As the origin of the word is so different from the meaning here, somebody possibly says one of the two sentences I am asking.


texts:
I encounter a sentence as follows:

  The results were much like those of James Bernoulli’s Art of
  Conjecture  (1713), developed analytically by Laplace in the late 18th
  century; but P´olya thought the resemblance to be only qualitative.

I wonder if the to be in black can be replaced by "would be" or as @V.V. noted by "was"? Since I have never studied such a grammar rule(to be = was/is = would/will be), could anyone please help explain a bit?


texts: What does “we tend to squirm” mean in this situation?

texts:
What does the last part of this sentence mean?

  When we talk about money, we tend to squirm.Source: tweet visible on bottradionetwork.com

Does it have other use cases?


texts: Difference in the meaning between "walk out on me" and "between "walk out me"?

texts:
What is the exact difference in the meaning between "He walked out on me" and "He walked out me"?

What is the exact difference in the meaning between "He walked out on the door" and "He walked out the door"?


texts:
I am reading a dialogue

  I wouldn’t let my guard down around those frat bros if I were you… they’re super sketchy.

The definition of sketchy from Oxford Dictionary

  (North American informal) Dishonest or disreputable.

Nevertheless, the meaning has no relations to its original meaning

  Not thorough or detailed.

  or

  A rough or unfinished drawing or painting, often made to assist in making a more finished picture.

How can get its meaning from its literal ?


texts: How to say that action of living became easier?

texts:
I wanna say that process of living became better now. I could say Life became easier. But it's not exact form that I want. I wanna say that it's not life itself became so, but process of living.
I think like that: It's became easier to live. Is that correct ?


texts: How to undestand "to find himself alone"?

texts: I don't undestand how to translate this sentence:  "He went out into the street to find himself alone". He wanted to be alone? Or he went out and then there was nobody on the street?


texts: "Cavaliers are", "Lakers are", "Knicks are" etc. VS "Cavaliers is", "Lakers is", "Knicks is" etc. (American English)

texts:
As far as I know, in American English, we can see singular team names as either plural or singular. So, "Golden State are the best team in the NBA" and "Golden State is the best team in the NBA" are interchangeable sentences in American English. Also these are interchangeable: "Golden State has the best players in the league" and "Golden State have the best players in the league" Am I right? In my experience, Americans can say these in either way.

So, what about the cases when we use the team names which are plural? Can we use "is" or "has" after them? For example are

"Lakers have a better team this year"

and

"Lakers has a better this team this year"

interchangeable?

Or are these interchangeable?

"Cavaliers are his favorite in the league"

and

"Cavaliers is his favorite in the league"

My opinion: I think after plural team names, it is better to use "are" or "have", but if we use "has" or "is", it doesn't sound very weird. I have been watching the NBA for a quite long time, and I feel like Americans can use "is" or "has" after plural team names as well. I am not sure though.


texts: Must the the adverb "though" always convey a sense of contrast?

texts:
I know "though" can be used as an adverb in a sentence, especially in spoken English. I was taught to use "though" when the context includes some sort of contrast or conflicting ideas.

However, I hear the native use the adverb in the sentences which barely carries with it any sort of conflict. For instance,

  I got a date tomorrow though.

Is there any latent or hidden conflicting idea that I'm failing to get?

Is it a self-depreciating statement? That's the only contrast I can think of.


texts: "Speaking Downtown" without the preposition at

texts:
Reading this article, there is a line say,

“So if you want to hear about $15 an hour and health care, Senator Sanders will be speaking downtown,” Clark added. “But if you would like to make at least $15 an hour and have good health care, Amazon is hiring.”

So I assume this CEO of the world wide division of Amazon is saying Sanders will speak about the lowest wage and the health care, at downtown, which is defined by Merriam

1: of, relating to, or located in the lower part or business center of a city or town

Why isn't there the preposition "at"?
Googling by "speak downtown meaning" didn't produce anything so I think this is not an idiom.
Thank you for your time in advance(m_m).


texts: Do "periodically leave the house" and "periodically go out of the house" mean the same thing?

texts:
A post says

  As coronavirus lockdown restrictions ease and cities reopen around the world, the way you'll go to restaurants, malls and hair salons will change, so it's a good idea to think about how you'll keep yourself and your loved ones healthy during a prolonged period.

  If you're not part of a vulnerable group, becoming a hermit isn't necessarily the solution, either. It's beneficial to periodically leave the house to maintain your health and sanity and run critical errands, but there are measures you can take when coming within spitting distance of people outside the household.

Does the following mean the same thing?

  ... "periodically go out of the house" ...

Do both of them mean "going out in public for a few hours"?

Is it grammatically correct and natural?

leave the house or leave home? is related to this topic, though no one there talks about whether it sounds natural.


texts: Native English terms for atta and maida wheat flours

texts:
I have been trying to make sense of health articles mentioning flour.

  The average American consumes about 152 pounds of sugar and 146 pounds of flour a year.

In India, we use the specific terms maida and atta. Wikipedia defines them as:

  Maida is a finely milled refined and bleached wheat flour... A white
  wheat flour without any bran... used extensively in
  making fast food, bakery products such as pastries and bread
  varieties of sweets and in making traditional breads

  Atta is an Indian wheat flour used to make most South Asian
  flatbreads, such as chapati, roti, naan and puri. Atta refers to the
  pulverized whole wheat with brownish white color.

What are the counterpart terms in English? I am guessing "flour" is short for one or the other type, rather than generic.


texts: Can I say "Here are the celebrity SAT scores you are looking for, up to 80 rows of data."?

texts:
I want to say that I have found 80 celebrities' SAT score information for my boss. Can I say this?

  Here are the celebrity SAT scores you are looking for, up to 80 rows
  of data.

Thanks


texts:
What's the difference among the following sentences?

  It might rain tomorrow
  It would rain tomorrow
  It feels like rain tomorrow
  It could rain tomorrow
  It will rain tomorrow

Secondly, can we can use will and would interchangeably to indicate the future? For example,

  I would study tomorrow
  I will study tomorrow

Do both of them convey same meaning or is there any difference?


texts:
What does it mean - 'pick up and put on your attitude' and 'beat the streets' in context

  There's one last word then I'll conclude Before you pick up and put on
  your attitude Bet you'll never find or ever meet Any street boy who's
  ever beat the streets

Song - Street boy by Sixto Rodriguez


texts:
I have seen both "call on" and "call at" used in English. Sometimes people just shorten it to "call"

She called me on my cell phone.
You should call him at '789-263-552'.

I've also stumbled upon phrases like:

You can call me up (at my home) in the evening.

So what is the exactly right usage?

One of my friends in America says that they use only "at" and phone number but never "on". So "on" must be British English I guess, but then should there be a number after "on" too? If so then "She called me on my cell phone." is incorrect and should be "She called my cell phone".

Where does the strange "call up (at)" come from?


texts: present participle vs past participle into the other forms

texts:
'I have an automatically moving toy car.'
moving car = car being moving
'I have a toy car moved by hand.'
moved car = car having been moved
Is it right?


texts: 'where' vs 'as where' - Relative pronouns?

texts:
Other torts include defamation (libel and slander), private nuisance, assault, false imprisonment, trespass and passing off. Passing off occurs where, through icons or logos or website styles, a business is conducted in such a way as to mislead the public into believing that its goods or services are those of another more famous business, as where a design or packaging trade mark is falsely used.

Source: P9, Law: the Basics, Gary Slapper

What are the similarities and differences? What would happen if I simply wrote where?
With which definition does as  accord? What does as mean here?


texts:
What is a right way to say about the letter, containing some information

  Did he send a letter saying when he's going to return from the city?
  Did he send a letter in which he says when he's going to return from the city?
  Did he send a letter about him returning from the city?

Are these right sentences? Or is there a better way to write it?


texts:
I used this link: http://www.dictionary.com/browse/brokenness

"Reynolds says he hopes that his books can serve as both a mirror of a life and a window into another. “All I want kids to know is that I see them for who they are and not who everyone thinks they are,” he says. He is committed, he says, to getting their stories right — “and putting that on the page with integrity and balance, to acknowledge the glory and the brokenness. That’s all I want to do. It’s a lot, but so are they.”"

Source: https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/he-didnt-read-books-as-a-kid-but-jason-reynolds-wants-to-make-sure-your-kids-do/2017/10/23/ed4b55da-9d4c-11e7-9083-fbfddf6804c2_story.html?hpid=hp_hp-cards_hp-card-arts%3Ahomepage%2Fcard&utm_term=.666fb76b3c25


texts: Difference in meaning using Would + present or simple past

texts:
I'm wondering what the difference is between these two phrases.

  What would happen if aliens visited Earth?

  What would happen if aliens visit Earth?

Am I right in thinking that the first phrase is more hypothetical, and, given that the existence of aliens is indeed hypothetical, it is a more appropriate question?

I can also think of:

  What would happen if aliens were to visit earth?

How does this last one compare with the above?


texts:
Can I use comparative adjective  for compound adjectives?

For example,

  Caged birds are longer-lived birds than the ones in the wild.


texts:
Which sentence is true grammatically? Would you please explain me?

  Sara has a ring in her left hand. she must have gotten married.
  Sara has a ring in her left hand. she must get married.


texts: Is "enough" enough or should I say "that's enough"?

texts:
My children are arguing loudly and to make them stop I yell:

Enough!

Is that natural? Or should it be:

That's enough!


texts: What should I use, "with hindsight or in hindsight, I should never have gone there"?

texts:
What should I use?

With hindsight or in hindsight, I should have never gone there


texts: “to find a friend to practice speaking with" or "finding a friend to practice speaking with"?

texts:
In the following conversation:

--- Did you have any problems in your English study?
--- Yes, _____ a friend to practice speaking with.

Is it correct to fill in the blank with "to find” Or "finding"?
The answer is "finding," but I think both would  be correct. What's the difference between the two, infinitive and gerund?


texts:
I am often confused about the following usage of these phrases. Please consider the following:

  I do a different thing from you
  I do a different thing from you do
  I do a different thing from what you do
  I do a different thing from yours
  I have the same car as you
  I have the same car as you do
  I have the same car as yours
  I have the same car as what you have

Which ones are ungrammatical and, if you will, what is the sense of each?


texts: Language bindings "to" or "for" (computing)?

texts:
In computing, one can write bindings from one language to another, e.g. LISP bindings to OpenGL, or a collection of bindings for C.

I seem to find both prepositions to and for used indiscriminately, even in the Wikipedia Language bindings page, which mentions:

  ... a binding to the library must be created in that language...

But also contains a reference to:

  Creating a language binding for cairo

The OpenGL language bindings page also uses both prepositions.

Is there a case in which only one of them is correct? Can I use both indiscriminately?


texts: Can I use "mainly/chiefly/generally" to cause an inversion?

texts:
As far as I have seen in the examples, inversion comes to emphasize something.
In doing that such words like never, only, and ... are used.

Now is it correct to say:

  "Mainly by the imagination does a discovery take place."


texts: "going to" for a previously arranged future action

texts:
Aaron is carrying two tyres – he (change)
 the tyres on a car.
Exercise on future found on lingolia

The answer is going to but would it be possible to use present continuous

.Aaron before changing the tyres on a car has received a phone call or the visit of a customer and they have agreed on a date, so there is an arrangment (at least two people are involved  the customer(s) and Aaron) made before: it has been planned.
Would it be the same with an electrician?
Aaron is carrying electric wires he is going to change them or he is changing


texts: What is the meaning of " accord but ill" in this text?

texts:
Tabari and Macoudi, who relate his deposition, are authors on whom much reliance cannot be placed; and the cruelties reported accord but ill with the epithets of "the Beneficent" and "the Virtuous," assigned to this monarch by others.
https://www.gutenberg.org/files/16167/16167-h/16167-h.htm


texts: What is the meaning of "with little to no side effects" in the sentences?

texts:
What is the meaning of "with little to no side effects" in the following sentences, (Source: What Is Quercetin? Benefits, Foods, Dosage, and Side Effects  Written by Ryan Raman)

  Quercetin is found in many fruits and vegetables and is safe to
  consume. As a supplement, it appears to be generally safe with
  little to no side effects. In some instances, taking more than
  1,000 mg of quercetin per day may cause mild symptoms like headaches,
  stomach aches, or tingling sensations

Does "it appears to be generally safe with little to no side effects" mean "Quercetin appears to be generally safe with little side effects, or quercetin appears to be generally safe with no side effects" ?

Does "safe with little to no side effects" mean "safe with little side effects, or safe with no side effects" ?

Does "to" in "safe with little to no side effects" mean "or" ?


texts: Do all hypotheticals use "were" or just counter-factual hypothetheticals

texts:
I understand that all hypotheticals that are counterfactual use "Were" because of the subjunctive mood.

  If I were President, I would enact a great number of new policies.
  (It's counterfactual because I am not president, right?)

I'm not sure what to do if there is a good possibility of it happening; do I still use "were"?

  If I was/were going to the store tonight, I'd be sure to pick up milk.
  (It's not nearly as impossible as the first example)
  If he was/were at the mall with you guys, I didn't see him
  (I'm not sure at all about ones like this)


texts:
The software takes 2 years to develop, the investors might have been gone by the then.

Is the above sentence grammatically correct?

Can "might have been" be used as future perfect tense instead of past conditional?


texts:
My children watch some videos about stories such as "Little Red Riding Hood" or "Cinderella" on YouTube.
Is it correct to say "They watch stories on YouTube"?


texts:
Will you please explain the difference between
1.Between the students
2.amongst the students
3.Between them vs Among them
As a non-native english person i didn't distinguish between above statements.
Thanks for your reply.


texts: Difference between being at/of/in someone's service

texts: What's the difference between being at someone's service, of someone's service, and in someone's service?


texts:
Find the letter that corresponds with a sentence error in the below:

(A) I take great pleasure

(B) to welcome you

(C) to this institution.

(D) No error.

I think the error is in (B), and would change it to in welcoming you. Some books says there is no error. What is correct?


texts: What do "they" refer to in this sentence?

texts:
Science is unique. Instead of making guesses, scientists follow a system designed to prove if their ideas are true or false. They constantly reexamine and test their theories and conclusions. Old ideas are replaced when scientists find new information that they cannot explain.

What do "they" in the last sentence refer to? Old ideas or scientists? Or could it mean both?


texts:
What is the meaning of the phrase in bold in the following sentence.

  I just shrugged off when he fired me.

Does it mean to stop talking about it?

I found:

  Phrasal Verb: shrug off. 1. To minimize the importance of: shrugged off the defeat and talked about tonight's game.

But I don't really get the meaning here in my given example sentence "minimize the importance of what"?


texts: What is exact difference between "I got it done" & "I had it done"?

texts:
I referred I had something done vs I got something done. But
While watching this video, At 1:07 found it is used "I got my plastic surgery done in Mexico", which according to answer in above link means "I had done plastic surgery on my own in Mexico".

Confused?


texts:
I've seen the expression industrial chops in a few texts, but looking at them all, and seeing the definition of chop in a dictionary did not provide me a clear meaning.

  In this way, 3D printing is more in line with with Kickstarter and Etsy, where people are delving into product development in ways that previously required storefronts, industrial chops and sizeable investments. (from http://airshipdaily.com/blog/3d-printing-separating-science-fiction-from-reality)

  The Aussie software supremo challenged the Tesla and Space X founder to help out, and prove the industrial chops of his batteries in the process. (from https://www.nbr.co.nz/article/tesla-wins-contract-stabilise-south-australia%E2%80%99s-power-system-world%E2%80%99s-largest-battery-ck)

  The inefficiencies at the plants are immediately familiar to anyone with experience of modern corporate Australia, despite their probable lack of Ireland-esque industrial chops. (from http://peteg.org/blog/noise/books/2016-06-30-DavidIreland-TheUnknownIndustrialPrisoner.autumn)

They seem a sort of non-American slang or jargon, but I cannot infer the precise meaning of chop in this case.

From Merriam-Webster, chop as a noun:

  Definition of chop (Entry 2 of 4)

  1a : a forceful usually slanting blow with or as if with an ax or cleaver

  b : a sharp downward blow or stroke

  2 : a small cut of meat often including part of a rib

  3 : a mark made by or as if by chopping

  4 : material that has been chopped up

  5a : a short abrupt motion (as of a wave)

  5b : a stretch of choppy sea

  6 : chopper sense 6 (a high-bouncing batted baseball)

  7 chiefly British : abrupt elimination or removal (as from a job)

  it is the very top men who have got the chop — Daily Mirror


texts: Typical behavior and habits via the present simple and "will"

texts:
The sentence

  She'll sit talking to herself for hours.

may express typical behavior. Indeed, M. Swan in his Practical English Usage (629.7) says: "We can use will to talk about typical behavior" (habits and characteristics).

But we can also use the present simple to express one. For instance:

  She sits talking to herself for hours.

What's the difference between expressing of typical behavior via will and the present simple?


texts: "Huge" or "Enormous" preferable to use in academic writing?

texts:
I would like to know which one, huge or enormous, would be preferable to use in academic writing, such as in the following example:

  Overcoming the current cancer levels in the population is a huge challenge.
  Overcoming the current cancer levels in the population is an enormous challenge.


texts: Short answers to questions with multiple auxiliary verbs

texts:
How would you give short answers to questions with multiple auxiliary verbs?

Example 1

  Have you been sleeping?
  a) Yes, I have.
  b) Yes, I have been.

Example 2

  Would you have left if you had had money?
  a) Yes, I would.
  b) Yes, I would have.

Example 3

  Should you have told her?
  a) Yes, I should.
  b) Yes, I should have.

What's the general rule? Should we include all the auxiliary verbs used in the question, or just the first one? If both are correct, which is more common?


texts: What is the correct title for a "Book of abstracts"

texts:
Of the following three titles for a collection of conference proceedings, which is in the correct form?

Book of abstracts
Abstract book
Abstracts book

I believe that the first form should be preferable, but the three versions seem to be equally common at least in scientific literature. Thanks!


texts:
If someone asks me about my break in my job, which sentence is correct?

I was on break (or) I was on second break

I had second break

I have been on (second) break.

I get this question three times a day because someone takes me off on breaks, but I don't know how should I reply.
Which of the following questions are correct?

Have you been a break?
Had you a break?


texts: "Without his telling me" vs. "Without him telling me"?

texts:
I was reading a book and encountered this sentence (emphasis added by me):

  I know it without his telling me.

Despite being grammatically correct, it seemed a little strange to me. What came to my mind was this sentence instead:

  I know it without him telling me.

Another case was this:

  I can’t control the fact of temptation, but there’s no chance of my giving in to it.

QUESTION: Is using "me" here in #3 (or "him" as done in the previous one) correct? If so, what's the difference between the two?


texts:
I used the preposition "on" for the word "tutorial" in this post

  This post gives a tutorial on folding a paper box, which uses a term head wall in step3 of part2.

alghough I am not sure I use the preposition correctly.

wiki gives this explanantion about "tutorial".

  Internet computer tutorials can take the form of a screen recording (screencast), a written document (either online or downloadable), interactive tutorial, or an audio file, where a person will give step by step instructions on how to do something.

where the preposition is used for a synonym, that is, instruction.

cambridge gives this example

  An online tutorial for the program is available on our website.

while it seems to be strange to say like this

An online tutorial for using java to build a E-commerce system.

question

what preposition should I use for "tutorial" for what situation?


texts: I want to know how I can change this sentence to question

texts:
I had a situation of being asked to bring the lastest mail that I got. But then I wanted to ask how old it can be to be accepted. So I tried to think how I can ask my wonder. Here is the my thought.

  It should be the mail that you got at least before 3 months from the day you ask for one.

At least before how many months should the mail that I got be?


texts:
Which sentence is grammatically correct ?

I am getting late.

It's getting late for me.


texts: What's the difference between 'We do our bit' and 'We do our best'?

texts:
I saw in a sentence: We do our bit, don't we?
Whats the difference between doing your bit and doing your best? Are them interchangeable?


texts: How should I understand such sentences without auxiliary verbs?

texts:
When I am reading Philosophy and Simulation, I encountered the sentence:

  "the more numerous the sequences converging on a pattern the higher the likelihood that one of them will occur by chance."

But I could not understand what the sentence means. Could you paraphrase it for me? And could you explain how such sentences are grammatically correct because I have never seen such a sentence before?

  This spontaneity is explained both by the fact that the patterns are
  small-patterns made out of a few live cells have a higher probability
  of occurring than large ones-and by the fact that they can arise following several sequences of predecessor patterns: the more numerous the sequences converging on a pattern the higher the likelihood
  that one of them will occur by chance.


texts:
According to Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English Online (http://www.ldoceonline.com/), "overlap" is defined as follows: "if two or more things overlap, part of one thing covers part of another thing"

Can we say that the two plates completely overlap.   I wonder whether using "overlap" in combination with words, such as completely and exactly, that have meanings contradicting the meaning (i.e., part) of "overlap" is correct.


texts:
I'm translating a text. I'm stuck with this expression: his day. More specifically:

  "May his strength continue to be equal to his day"

This appears in William Lloyd Garrison's "Preface" to the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave: written by himself. Garrison writes:

  There is in him that union of head and heart, which is indispensable to an enlightenment of the heads and a winning of the hearts of others. May his strength continue to be equal to his day! May he continue to "grow in grace, and in the knowledge of God," that he may be increasingly serviceable in the cause of bleeding humanity, whether at home or abroad!


texts: Putting a comma after 'taking everything into account'

texts:
Is a comma after 'Taking everything into account' required when introducing the conclusion of an essay?

For instance:

  Taking everything into account(,) one should choose one's job paying attention to the fact that it should be pleasant.


texts: "Assumptions" is a noun, can I use "they" to refer to it?

texts:
If I refer to "assumptions" in one statement, can someone else refer to "assumptions" as they in his/her answer?

For example:

  He: Assumptions can be true as well.

  She: No, they are not.


texts: Word choice - "I consider X and Y as one of the most..."

texts:
I'm writing a Statement of Purpose of the graduate application and want to express my interest in the particular fields:

  I consider drug discovery and personalised healthcare as one of the most exciting applications of Bioinformatics.

Is this a correct way to say that? I'm concerned about using:

  I consider ... as one of the most...

with multiple subjects(drug discovery, personalised healthcare).

Thanks!


texts:
I have this sentence:

  I would've been late not if my mom woke me up on time

Does this sentence make sense? if not, how should I correct it? And how should I correctly use "not if"?  Could anyone share with me some helpful sentences?


texts: meaning of the phrase "gamble one's way"

texts: I am aware that "gamble" means to risk or bet, bur I am puzzled by "gamble one's way." here it goes in context: "We are going to gamble our way to belief in God." Maybe the speaker left out "on" like "gamble on our wat," I am not sure. Tell me please what you think of this.


texts: Do you say "I accidentally opened the suitcase uncontrollably and the clothes poped out / spilled out over the floor"?

texts:
pop 1 /pɒp $ pɑːp/ ●●○ S3 verb (popped, popping)     1 COME OUT/OFF
  [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] to come suddenly or
  unexpectedly out of or away from something

  pop out/off/up etc

  The top button popped off my shirt.

  The ball popped out of Smith’s hands and onto the ground.

  out/up popped something

  The egg cracked open and out popped a tiny head.

  The lid popped open and juice spilled all over the floor.

  spill [intransitive] + adv./prep. (of people) to come out of a place
  in large numbers and spread out

  The doors opened and people spilled into the street.

  After the clubs closed, the drinkers spilled out into the streets.

Do you say "I accidentally opened the suitcase uncontrollably and the clothes popped out / spilled out over the floor"?

I am not sure if "pop out" or "spill out" are suitable words in this situation.


texts: How to numerate pictures or diagrams when writing a book or paper?

texts:
This is shown in the diagram 1 / diagram no.1 / diagram number 1. ...
  The statistics can be seen in diagram 2 / diagram no.2 / diagram
  number 2.

What is a common way to numerate pictures or diagrams in a paper of a book. I know it might differ based on the journal guideline. But my question is about the most common way.


texts:
Are these phrases equal to each other in their meanings?:

I have seen him do it (he finished doing smth)
I saw him do it (he also finished doing smth as in the first sentence)


texts:
I learn English from New Headway elementary book. In Unit 4 p.136, there is a sentence:

  There's a fire at the other end.

I feed confuse the meaning of at the other end. How can I understand the meaning of idea that this sentence express?

Many thanks.


texts: Meaning of the verb TO HIT in "hit the road"

texts:
I wonder about the meaning of TO HIT  in this kind of context,

  Follow this footpath and you’ll eventually hit the road.

There is also a song which goes as follows

  hit the road, Jack ...

Can anyone help me grasp the meaning of TO HIT in these specific context?


texts: How to parse "less than 60% based a turnout less than 75% "

texts:
I've been struggling to parse the following sentence from the UK petition to implement EU Referendum Rules triggering a 2nd EU Referendum.

  We the undersigned call upon HM Government to implement a rule that if the remain or leave vote is less than 60% based a turnout less than 75% there should be another referendum.

I'm puzzled at the phrase "less than 60% based a turnout less than 75%". If it were something like "less than 60% based on a turnout of less than 75%",  I wouldn't have any trouble, but apparently it isn't. Especially the usage of "based" like this, without any preposition, seems quite unfamiliar.

How should I parse and understand the sentence?


texts:
A: Which hotel were you in when you lost your
passport?
B: I don’t remember. I visited many places during my
European tour and I ____________ (stay) in many different hotels.

do i have to use Past simple or past continuous  with the verb "stay" ?

Thank you


texts:
The case is, Someone explain something to me, but such explanation is not the same as I was told before. For example, there's a policy in the company and someone explain to me how it works, but I was told by another person before about the same policy, and what they said are different.

Can I say "Your explanation is different from/to my knowledge of the policy."? I prefer to use the word "knowledge" in this case.

Thanks very much!


texts: Is it okay to use "very Good morning" instead of 'Good morning'

texts:
while on cold call, is it okay to wish "a very good morning" instead of 'good morning', followed by your name and introduction? Or is it that we may wish "a very Good morning" to only those who are known to us?
in professional cold calling, shall we just stick to 'good morning"?


texts:
I’ve decided to attend the course no mаtter if it (will come / comes)
  in hаndy in the futurе or not.

Is it grammatically correct to use “will” after “if” in a case like this?


texts: "... the pop of the final bubble of breath from lips already cold"

texts:
What does "the pop of the final bubble of breath
from lips already cold" mean in the following passage?

  One of the reasons that Newton's theories gained only gradual
  acceptance is that he wrote for mathematicians, and the full
  significance of his work was not accessible to any but those who were
  most highly trained in mathematics. He needed the aid of interpreters
  to bring the concepts of the Principia to the masses. One of the most
  effective of these interpreters was Voltaire, who invented the well
  known story of Newton and the falling apple, and explained the
  Newtonian philosophy in a 1737 work, whose publication can be seen as
  the end of Aristotelianism, the pop of the final bubble of breath
  from lips already cold.

http://www.sparknotes.com/history/european/scientificrevolution/section8.rhtml


texts: What is meaning of "signature outdoor signage"?

texts:
The brilliant Coco-Cola signs that dot the skylines the world over are called 'spectaculars'-big, bold Coco-Cola signs that proclaim refreshment to millions of passing customers. From New York to Tokyo, the spectaculars reflect the century old Coco-Cola traditions of signature outdoor signage.

What is the meaning of this bold part?

Also, does the phrase '-big, bold Coco-Cola signs...' seem fine as we have already been described that spectaculars are Coco-Cola signs and that is repeating it?


texts: Do we need a comma in the phrase "old derelict house"?

texts:
Suppose that we have a simple sentence: "Our family lives in an old derelict house."
Do we need to put a comma between the adjectives "old" and "derelict"? I would be glad if someone explains me the appropriate rule for this case.


texts: Why "ON the New Haven Green", not "IN the New Haven Green"?

texts:
First responders found about 46 people who appeared to have overdosed on the New Haven Green on Wednesday, with 25 of those overdoses occurring within a three-hour span in the morning and some four to six at a time, officials said.

'New Haven Green' is a park's name. We usually say in the park or at the park. It seems to me that New Haven Green here is referencing to a site. Therefore, they put "on the New Haven Green", just like "on the New Haven Green site". But I am not quite sure if this is the very reason. I'm also wondering if it's still correct to put "in the New Haven Green" in this context? If so, is there any difference?

The full source.


texts: Nor there if they yet mock what women meant / who gave them flowers

texts:
From "The Send-Off", by Wilfred Owen:

So secretly, like wrongs hushed-up, they went.
 They were not ours:
 We never heard to which front these were sent.

Nor there if they yet mock what women meant
 Who gave them flowers.

I'm curious about the meaning of the "Nor .. flowers" part, especially about the sense of the word "mock" here.

Does it mean "We also don't know whether they are alive by now" - and thus whether they are at this moment able to joke about the flowers that the women gave them at their departure?

Is it a poetic-license-style change from "Nor if they there (in their current locations) yet mock (joke about) the giving of the flowers by the women"?


texts: Singular/ plural agreement in possessive constructions

texts:
Which is correct:

  the arrival of some flights is delayed

  the arrivals of some flights are delayed

I think #2 is correct, because we have one arrival for each flight.

However, in Persian we always use the #1 in this case. In that case I interpret it as For some flights, the arrival time is delayed, for example one can contrast arrival time with the departure time and we make it distinguished.

  The name of some students is absent in this list.

  The names of some students are absent in this list.

Here, we use both.

  Please give me the names of students

  Please give me the name of students *

In this case, we only say the #1

Don't know if we have such interpretations in English.


texts:
What is grammatically correct:

  saying “4% of people was classified as introverts”.

Or saying

  4% of people were identified as introverts.

The context is that I’m reporting the results of a survey.


texts: Should I use past tense for something just happened?

texts:
For example, I break a pot. Should I say I broke or I break to tell someone immediately?
Another example is the word remember. Should I say I remember it or I remembered when someone mentions something?


texts:
Does 'until' express a period of time before the specific time in the past which can be used in the Past Perfect:

  I had wanted to be a doctor until I was 15.

or it is better to use Past Simple?


texts: Which word does the possessive adjective "its" refer to?

texts:
In the following sentence:

'In Switzerland, for instance, the main NCS organization, the Reporting and Analysis
Centre for Information Assurance (MELANI), is situated within a civilian ministry
but the organisation depends on its ability to mobilise resources from the military
and intelligence community.'

I think the first 'organisation' means a group of actors, but maybe the second one is the act of organising. So I cannot figure out which word is reference to 'its'? Is it MELANI or that civilian ministry?

It really changes the meaning because if it's MELANI then civilian sector is dependent, but if it's civilian ministry, then the center is dependent on civilian sector.


texts: Ever since + past tense + , + present progressive

texts:
Okay, so I know that traditionally it would be proper to say:

Ever since Nina moved to Nebraska, she has had a lot of problems with allergies.

But is it ungrammatical to say the following:

Ever since Nina moved to Nebraska, she is having a lot of problems with allergies.


texts:
Is the following sentence correct?

  "You don't need so righteous a man as to do that."

I'm mainly unsure about the "so .. as to" part, I don't think I understand it thoroughly.

Also, can I say 'righteous a man' instead of 'a righteous man'? Those kinds of things are not always interchangeable, right? I don't think, e.g., 'beautiful a woman' sounds natural.


texts: Is there any free word-frequency dictionary?

texts:
Sometimes, despite I can see the meaning of a word in a dictionary, I don't know which variation of a word has the most application?

For example, I find the word loathed in a text and I find it in an online dictionary. But I wonder if loathe has the same number of applications in modern English?

Is there any application or online website which provides such a search? Ideally, I look for a database which analyses millions of text and counts the frequency application of each word you search (giving you a number).

I need it to prevent using a word which native usually avoid; despite it is grammatically and semantically correct.


texts:
Context:
The number on my lottery ticket: 26381
The official result for the first prize: 26384

(In my country, it's 2/6/3/8/1 - five different numbers. The numbers can repeat and are already printed on the tickets).

And I want to say "You missed one number, otherwise you would have won the first prize".So is "Was one number short of getting the first prize!" a correct sentence to express what I mean?

If not, how can I say that (I prefer an exclamatory sentence, if possible!)?


texts: "You've done very bad not to..." How to make it sound natural

texts:
In Spanish people sometimes say (literally):

  You've done very bad not to come and visit me...

Basically, in a very cordial manner, meaning that someone shouldn't have second guessed to come and visit them, that they would've loved it and that the next time, they should just do it without any hesitations!

I'm wondering how can one say that in English, and that it will sound natural to a native English speaker.


texts:
Is it correct to say, 'The exception is when' ?
For example, 'The exception is when there is a party'.

Thanks.


texts: how to use since and for in present perfect continuos

texts:
I have learned that we can use 'since' and 'for' in perfect tenses.

I have been living in london for a
 few years.
or
I have been living in london since few years ago

The point is that using present perfect continuous in a sentence already shows that it is still taking place. and i learnt that we need to use 'ago' with few years, 10 years, etc to make it have a start and end but for present perfect continuous it has already an end ( still taking place) so that means we don't need to put 'ago' in the end?


texts: “One‘s wish is to do something” vs “One's wish is doing something”？

texts: I can't see any difference between “His wish is to be a fighter jet pilot” and “His wish is being a fighter jet pilot”.


texts:
Is this sentence correct? (I need it as a title).

  Muscular enhancement exercising aiding method.

I am not sure if one of the following sentences is the correct:

  Aiding muscle exercising enhancement method.

  Muscle aiding  exercising enhancement method.

  Muscle exercising enhancement aiding method.

What is the rule governing the order of adjectives like these ones?

Thanks all


texts: singular or plural: gain information of the world from the *written word*

texts:
I read the following two sentences. I am not sure why the singular form pf word is used in the first sentence, but the plural form is used in the second sentence.

Sentence 1:

  To gain a large share of their information about and their understanding of the world from the written word.

Sentence 2:

  A certain amount of the information was acquired through the spoken words and through observation.

Is there are more examples? What is this pattern called?


texts: I need to know what kind of stores or entertainment i can find on Broadway. Should I ask: "What is there on Broadway?" or "What is on Broadway?" Can "there" be used in a question?


texts: Are the tenses of verb after "was" correct when referring to past event?

texts:
I used was because I am referring to a past event, but I'm not sure if the verb form of the verbs see and speak are correct. See my sentence below:

  I was so happy seeing my family while I'm speaking on the stage.


texts:
I have found this definition on the usage of "excepting"

The use of excepting is considered by many people to be acceptable only after not, only, or without.

Do you agree? Could you give some examples using not, only, without. What about - not excepting? Is it also used after not, only, without only? Are "excepting" and "except that" synonyms?


texts: For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son?

texts:
And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to his purpose. For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, in order that he might be the firstborn among many brothers.
  [From the so-called "English Standard Version"]

Hello! I am reading the Bible, and I couldn't understand what "he" means in this context; "For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, in order that he might be the firstborn among many brothers."

It's confusing to me since if I interpret "he" as "the God", then it doesn't make sense in "he might be the firstborn among many brothers."
And if I interpret it as "a person," it still is confusing in "he also predestined to be conformed to ~", since it's not explicitly mentioned if he predestined "himself" or not.
(I think the confusion comes from the fact the word "predestined" wasn't used in passive form like in "someone was predestined". So I am not sure who was predestined or who predestined someone.)


texts: What is the natural word to express it is so noisy that you feel your ears are about to explode?

texts:
Your children are making so much noise to a level that you feel your ears are about to explode.
It seems English has an adjective "ear splitting" which means "very loud".
But I am not sure that phrase is idiomatic.
Is it natural to say "Knock it off. You are splitting my ear" in everyday conversations?


texts: "Let’s start speaking" or "Let’s start to speak"

texts:
Which one is correct and more common? is there better way?

  Let’s start speaking English.
  Let’s start to speak English.


texts: When do we pronounce "ay" instead of "e" when we see the letter "i" in a word?

texts:
We pronounce "e" in the word "infinite" but "ay" in the word "finite".

As I'm learning this language, this disturbs me a lot because I don't know if I have to pronounce "e" or "ay" when I read.


texts: Where is the subject in 'love is great'?

texts: Is love the subject here? I don't understand it because of verb to be.


texts: Theory, principle, mechanism or any accurate concept to describe "How it works?"

texts:
I am learning coding with the following steps:

How to use it?
How it works?
How is it achieved with source code?

Item 1 is application, Item 3 is source code, How could I to state "How it works" in a abstract concept?

I prefer mechanism, but not sure if it the appropriate word.


texts: Which part of speech is 'much' in "Don't think so much about the future!"

texts:
Don't think so much about the future!

In this sentence, 'much' is an 'adverb' or a 'pronoun'?
I think the role of 'much' can vary with verbs, so it's difficult to determine what it is for a nonnative.


texts: Is it correct to use 'for' after 'walk'?

texts:
I would like to know whether it is correct to use 'for' after 'walk' in this sentence.

  Everyday, we walk for 10 miles to the villages around our town.


texts:
Which of these two is right?

  This project can raise the sale at the global level

  This project can raise the sale in the global level


texts: I saw many plates with such sentence, but isn't grammatically incorrect to use "lives"? Shouldn't it be just "live"?


texts: "most beautiful words I could find" vs "most beautiful words I could found"

texts:
In the following paragraph, I got corrected in that apparently I should've used "find" instead of "found".

  I was able to learn more about myself when my parents divorced. I started writing letters to my mother, telling her about my illnesses with the most beautiful words I could {found,find}.

I just want to know what would be the rule for such correction?


texts: What is a hypernym for "full-time", "half time," "quarter time" in the context of employment?

texts: I'm looking for a word that would describe the quality of working full-time, part-time, and so forth. There are many websites that distinguish between the two but do not provide a term for the characteristic of a job.


texts:
What is the difference between set and group?
Is there anything can help me get my head around it better?


texts: As I know, the word "though" doesn't need a comma before it (at the end of a sentence) if it's an adverb. How do I know if "though" is acting as an adverb? A few examples would be good! I've looked online and haven't found a single thing that tells me how to decide if "though" is an adverb.


texts:
Does ‘I’m interested in nothing’ make sense? I think it doesn’t make sense because ‘interested’ means ‘showing curiosity or concern about something or someone.’
I found the similar question, but according to this source I’m not confident what’s right.
Does 'I'm pregnant with nobody' have a contradiction?


texts: Always wanted + when + (past simple or present simple)

texts:
Watching a tv-series I saw this line :

  1- "I always wanted to be there when they execute your
  sister" (Context: The owner of this line now believes the execution
  to be a small chance.)

  I suppose using past simple could be correct because of  sequence of tenses .

  2- I always wanted to be there when they executed your
  sister. (But when I write executed, it seems little awkward to me
  because execution hasn't been done yet. I think using past simple
  imply as if execution has occured.)

So which sentence is correct in this particular context?


texts:
Which sentence is correct?

  Your mother doesn’t have a car.
  Your mother do not have a car.

And why do we use "have" with both these sentences? Why don't we use "has"?


texts: Does the word "refreshment " make sense over here

texts:
So today I ordered pizza, and after that, I wanted to ask the waiter what were my options for drinking. (I wanted to order some Coke or Pepsi.)
I asked the waiter :-

What are my options for drinking?

But this sounds strange. People don’t say this usually.
Could I have said :-

What do you have for refreshments?

But refreshment could mean snacks and drinks (not drinks alone)? Could i have said

What do you have for drinking?

Does that sound unsophisticated  ?
EDIT:-
I just came across another situation :-
If I want to ask the waiter what are your hot beverage options, is this the right way to ask?

What hot drinks do you have ?


texts: He picked up some English when he stayed in the US. (some is okay here?)

texts:
He picked up some English when he stayed in the US.

'some' is okay here or we don't need it?


texts:
Here is the context:

  Letter by Ryouji Uehara  1922: Born in Nagano Prefecture. 1943:
  Entered Keio University. December 1943: Drafted into the Imperial Army
  of Japan. May 1945: Died while diving into a US carrier near Okinawa
  as a Kamikaze pilot. 22 years old at time of death.

  "My thoughts

  I am eternally honored to be selected as a member of the Special
  Attack Squadron¹ of my great motherland Japan.

  To come to think of it, based on the power of logic of the theories I
  learned through my life as a student–and maybe I am going to be
  accused of holding liberal thoughts because of this–it is clear that
  liberty is going to triumph in the end. Freedom, a part of human
  nature, can never be destroyed. Even if it looks as if it is being
  repressed, deep down inside, it will always fight back and in the end
  will always win. I believe this is fundamentally true as Croce of
  Italy² put it... It is an indisputable fact that authoritarian or totalitarian states, even if temporarily successful, will in the end most certainly be defeated. We
  can witness this fact in the fate of the Axis Countries (Japan,
  Germany and Italy) during the current world war. Fascism in Italy and
  Nazism in Germany have already been defeated. Authoritarian states are
  falling now one after another as if they were buildings with no
  foundation. Reality is proving the truth that has repeatedly been
  proven throughout history. The great nature of freedom will continue
  to be proven forever and ever in such ways. I am so happy to know that
  what I believed in was true, despite the horrific nature of these
  events for my motherland. I believe that ideas are what drive all the
  struggles of our days. By understanding these ideas, we can clearly
  predict their outcomes.

  My dream of making my motherland, my beloved Japan, into a great
  empire like the British Empire of the past has perished. If Japan had
  been led by those who truly loved the country, Japan would not have
  been in the state that it is today. To be a Japanese proudly walking
  tall anywhere in the world–this was my dream.

  A friend of mine once said that a Kamikaze pilot is merely a part in a
  machine. A device that controls the plane, nothing human, no feelings,
  no sanity either. He is merely a molecule in a bunch of machines lured
  into an enemy carrier like a magnet. If we were sane, well this is the
  unthinkable, or as they³ put it, it is “suicide.” This is
  something that can only be thought up in Japan–a country of
  spiritualism. As a mere machine I have no rights to say, but I only
  hope and ask the people of Japan that they make this motherland I love
  into a great nation in the future.

  If I die in this sorry state of mind, maybe my death will be deemed
  worthless. Therefore, as I said in the beginning, I am eternally
  honored to be selected as a member of the Special Attack Squadron.

  Once on a plane, I am just a part in a machine. But when I’m not
  there, I have feelings and emotions too. When my beloved girlfriend
  died, my feelings died with her. When I think that death is only a
  path to heaven where she will be waiting for me, I have no fear of it.
  Tomorrow, I will be taking off on my mission. I know my thoughts are
  extreme and should not be publicly stated. But these are my truly
  honest feelings. Please forgive me for writing whatever came to my
  mind with a total lack of organization. Tomorrow, one believer of
  freedom will perish from the face of this earth. He will have a sad
  look, but deep inside he will be content.

  I have said everything that I wanted to say. Please forgive me for
  being so frank.

  ¹ The so-called "Kamikaze"
  ² Italian Philosopher, 1866-1955
  ³ The enemy

Does it mean that he had humbled himself because he had a different opinion about war from that of his country/Air force (organization)?


texts: taking the bait for "the"(definite article) big bust?

texts:
I was watching a video and became curious about the use of definite article :

at 1:23

  "Little does he know he's just taking the bait for the big bust"

  Link to Chris Rock - True Stories of the Justice Squad - YouTube

at 1:23

I am wondering about the exact reason the definite article (instead of indefinite article "a") was used here:
my guess is that "the" here means that the listeners know that he would be arrested in the end of the show story?
Or does it mean that we know that in what fashion the big bust is done for this kind of things (like the way cops arrest this type of big gang boss)


texts:
Reading this article, there is a line saying,

The letter, drafted by Democratic Reps. Jan Schakowsky (Ill.), Rosa DeLauro (Conn.) and Earl Blumenauer (Ore.) with the support of 107 other colleagues, pitches Biden on the opportunity to save lives as well as improve the United States’ global image, battered during the Donald Trump administration.

There are many definitions from my dictionary.
So can someone help me to understand this verb? Pursuade? may be?
Thank you.


texts: A word for leaving out a repeated and shared phrase

texts:
Suppose that you can say

  the black and white balls  == instead of == the black ball and the white ball

OR

  the book and pen == instead of == the book and the pen

Or in mathematics we say

  3 * (2 + 5)  === instead of 3*2 + 3 *5

What is the name of this action? I mean to just use one word for the shared part. I thought it is factor out; however, dictionary says that factor out means to not include something in calculation. I don't mean a linguistic concept, but just a verb for this action for anything and any situation that it is possible.


texts: Grammar behind "Trump Calls Quits On Paris Climate Deal"

texts:
We have the following headline:

  Trump Calls Quits On Paris Climate Deal

What part of speech is 'quits'? Is it a verb or noun?
What are the words left out and what is the grammar in general behind this?


texts: Is this correct to say "this car is made out of leaves" or "this car is made of leaves" or "this car is made from leaves"?

texts:
Which one is correct to express the above picture?
"this car is made out of leaves"
"this car is made of leaves"
"this car is made from leaves"?


texts: What Is The Best Word Choice: Is, Are, Were, or Have Been

texts:
The volume of letters that the United States Post Office processes ____ staggering.

A. Is
B. Are
C. Were
D. Have been

I think it would be A.


texts:
Should the adjective "local" get the noun that it describes?

I mean to ask if I should say:

  We are local.

or we should say:

  We are local + people / residents etc.


texts: Which title for a prologue: "Message from Manager" or "A Message from the Manager"?

texts:
Well, there is a corporate brochure that starts with a page dedicated to managerial message as an introduction. The source Persian title is "پیام مدیریت" with literally means "message of management". Now I am stuck between one of the following options as translation for this:

  Message from Manager  OR
  A Message from the Manager

Just a reminder, the manager is not known, so I guess the second sentence has issues, by the way the first one does seem to me too pruned. Any ideas?


texts: Correct pronunciation of possessives ending on "-s"

texts:
What's the correct pronunciation of possessives ending on "-s"?
For example,

  Mrs Harris's house.

  Mr Rices's dog.

  Noriss's estate.


texts:
Today I heard a sentence:

  Do you want more potatoes peeled.

But I have always used it as:

  Do you want having more potatoes peeled.

Which one is grammartical?
Please explain with examples.

Thanks in advance.


texts: Difference between Halfway through/toward/to

texts:
I still do not understand the differences between the two words mentioned above. I looked at both Oxford and Cambridge dictionary for some extra information.

Besides, is there any difference with the word In the middle?

Thank you in advance.


texts:
They rose to the fame in the first act, and now they are having a spectacular fall at the will of the scribe
As far as I know, "have" can't take "ing" form like we can't say "I am having a car",  then why the writer used " having" here? Can I use "getting" here instead of "having"?


texts:
I'm wondering if I can say "the left room" instead of "the room on the left".
If not possible, could you explain why? I know we can say left arm, left wing, left foot...
Plz help!


texts:
Can anyone help me to find out why (A) structure is wrong and (B) is correct?

A. when disasters occur in local communities, it is the students who agree to help again and again.

B. when disasters occur in local communities, it is the students who have agreed to help again and again.

This is a test from English Grammar Digest by Trudy Aronson. Is it because of the meaning?


texts:
She rides the bus to school every day.

I think that this sentence is ambiguous enough as to be read in different two ways; the one is that she is actually a bus driver who works for the affair, and the other is that she is not a bus driver, but a student who goes to school every day by bus.
The reason why she can be a driver is that we use 'ride' in this case "A man is riding a horse." That is to say, the man is actually a driver of the horse. However, why is the sentence always read in the second way ? I don't understand why native speakers do. At least for me, there seems to be a tiny margin where it can be read in the first way.


texts: What does "the fit was beyond my holding" mean?

texts:
'I never heard his feet behind me--he always walked like a cat--but
  his arm slid round my neck, pulling me back where I sat, till my head
  lay on his chest, and his left hand held the knife plumb over my
  heart--Benedetto! Even so I laughed--the fit was beyond my
  holding--laughed while he ground his teeth in my ear. He was stark
  crazed for the time.

This is from "Rewards and Fairies" by Kipling.(The Wrong Thing)
http://pinkmonkey.com/dl/library1/digi300.pdf

I can't understand what "the fit was beyond my holding" means.

Does it mean like this?
"his excitement was beyond my expectation"

I am glad if somebody kindly teach me.


texts: Is "there could be" a idiomatic expression? If yes, when to use?

texts:
In my another question ("contents" or "content", which to use when talking about a book?), I said

  There could be lots of topics on a book, such as the form/style, the author. In contrast to which, there could also be another topic, namely, the content.

where I use "there could be" to convey some kind of possibility of the topics on a book.

Although I found lots of people use this expression on ELL and ELU, I am not pretty sure that is an idiomatic expression.

So, is "there could be" a idiomatic expression? If yes, when to use?


texts: The issue of using the object of verb 'make'

texts:
I have a question of using the object of 'make' verb.
Does the sentences below mean the same ?

Her appearance makes it a nice day.
Her appearance makes a day nice.
Her appearance makes for a nice day.

The additional question : why "it" occurs in the sentence 1. ?


texts: What is the difference between ‘we made memories’ and ‘we’ve made memories” ?


texts: tag questions after used to+linking verb

texts:
Which one of these two tag questions is appropriate here? and why?

They used to be very cheerful people, weren't they?

or

They used to be very cheerful people, didn't they?


texts:
Q1. DDR3 can be configured as 2x8-bit or 1x16-bit.
  1x16 bit is preferred but if 2x8-bit is the cheaper option, please cost both.

I understood the former sentence but I want to know whether 'please cost both' means you should buy both Or you just consider both, not buying.


texts:
I'd like to introduce myself to someone by using "a good side of me" and "a weak side of me". The reason I do this is that I know I can use "an another side of Korean drinking culture" when I need to bring up another sub topic of something that I'm currently discussing. So, am I right to do this?

  I'm more of a person who enjoys spending time by myself than a person who likes to spend time with others. And a good side of me is that I don't have many friends but I do care about my close friends more than anyone does their friends. And a weak side of me is that I feel jealousy a lot and that makes my relationship with my girlfriend worse than it would otherwise be.


texts: What does it mean by "no need to make a song and dance"?

texts:
In English Drama movie "The Remains of the Day",

Scene Description:

  Lord Darlington request Mr Steven (Butler) for Steven Sr(who also a
  butler) take a leave on important meeting, because Steven Sr is too
  old to serve as Butler at important meeting.

Sentences:

  Lord Darlington: I'm so busy with this conference. Of course, you are too but someone has to tell him. In a way, it would be easier for
  you. Less awkward.
  I'd find the task rather daunting, I'm afraid.........

  Stevens: I shall do my best.

  Lord Darlington: I'd be grateful if you'd try. It'd be a lot off my mind.
   There's no need to make a song and dance of it. Just convey the facts.