You can use overpass-turbo to query OSM for the various values of note:de

https://overpass-turbo.eu/s/1SCc

Then use the same page to export all returned data as a json or GPX file to overlay in your phone app. 
I think you can tell overpass-Turbo to save the value of note:de as the waypoint name, but I don't know how. 
But you could do a query for Stollen?, Schacht? and Ponor? seperatly and import the individual GPX-Files into your external program.