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+ ---
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+ license: cc-by-4.0
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+ pretty_name: Product Tagging and Saved Intent in Online Retail
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+ language:
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+ - en
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+ tags:
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+ - ecommerce
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+ - product-taxonomy
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+ - tagging
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+ - wishlists
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+ - shopify
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+ - steam
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+ - structured-data
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+ - agentic-commerce
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+ - web-measurement
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+ size_categories:
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+ - 10K<n<100K
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+ configs:
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+ - config_name: shopify_stores
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+ data_files: data/shopify_stores.csv
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+ - config_name: wishlist_verification
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+ data_files: data/wishlist_verification.csv
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+ - config_name: steam_games
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+ data_files: data/steam_games.csv
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+ - config_name: steam_tag_applications
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+ data_files: data/steam_tag_applications.csv
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+ ---
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+
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+ # Product Tagging and Saved Intent in Online Retail
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+
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+ How online stores structure product tags and implement saved-item features, and
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+ how that compares with a platform where tagging is crowd-sourced against a
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+ shared controlled vocabulary.
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+
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+ **Canonical release:** https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22852049
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+ This repository mirrors that deposit. Cite the DOI.
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+
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+ ## Sample
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+
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+ 1,028 Shopify storefronts, drawn by seeded random sample from a 30,000-domain
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+ draw of the Tranco top 1M, measured 13 to 14 September 2026 with a 95.6%
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+ collection rate. 700 Steam titles as a contrast case.
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+
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+ ## Findings (95% Wilson intervals)
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+
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+ **Every store invents its own private language.** 963 Shopify stores used
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+ 30,622 distinct tags between them, and the median store shares just **16.7%**
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+ of its tags with any other store. 700 Steam titles drew on 394 distinct tags,
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+ and the median title shares **100%**.
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+
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+ | Measure | Value |
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+ |---|---|
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+ | Stores carrying wishlist code | 46.0% (43.0 - 49.1) |
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+ | Stores with a *confirmed live* save control | 28.1% (25.5 - 30.9) |
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+ | Of active wishlists, no back-in-stock app | 34.9% (29.7 - 40.6) |
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+ | Of active wishlists, saving requires login | 19.4% (15.2 - 24.3) |
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+ | Stores publishing Product JSON-LD | 79.1% (76.5 - 81.5) |
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+ | Stores with all 12 core agent attributes | 0.1%, one store in 1,028 |
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+
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+ Confirmed wishlist presence rises across tagging-depth quartiles (17.9%, 26.8%,
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+ 27.2%, 40.5%; Cochran-Armitage z=5.43, p=5.6e-08). Association, not mechanism:
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+ both are plausibly downstream of a merchant who invests in their catalogue.
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+
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+ ## The 46% versus 28% gap is the point
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+
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+ Detecting wishlist *code* is easy. Confirming a shopper can actually save
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+ something is not. A second verification pass re-fetched every candidate and
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+ recorded the evidence snippet behind each verdict, which ships in
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+ `wishlist_verification.csv`.
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+
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+ Anyone measuring this by pattern-matching page source alone overstates working
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+ wishlists by roughly 18 percentage points. Use `wishlist_verified_state`, never
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+ `wishlist_code_detected`.
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+
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+ ## Configs
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+
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+ | Config | Rows | What it is |
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+ |---|---|---|
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+ | `shopify_stores` | 1,075 | one row per store; 47 rows with `collected=false` are kept so the collection rate is auditable |
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+ | `wishlist_verification` | 473 | per-store verdict with the evidence text behind it |
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+ | `steam_games` | 700 | one row per title; `n_tags_shown` is censored at Steam's top 20 |
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+ | `steam_tag_applications` | 13,447 | one row per tag applied, with vote count |
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+
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+ Also included: `results/stats.json` with every published figure and interval,
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+ all collection and analysis code, and `METHODS.md` with a ten-point limitations
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+ section.
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+
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+ ## Reproducible in the browser
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+
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+ A runnable notebook recomputes every figure above from these files:
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+ https://www.kaggle.com/code/sempite/reproducing-the-tagging-and-wishlist-findings
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+
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+ ## Method notes worth knowing
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+
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+ Shopify rate-limits `/products.json` **per IP across all endpoints**, so
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+ collection is paced by one global limiter. Collection health was gated
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+ separately from analytical correctness, after an earlier run passed arithmetic
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+ verification while resting on only 47 of 1,075 stores.
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+
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+ ## Citation
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+
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+ ```bibtex
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+ @dataset{gerrish_tagging_2026,
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+ author = {Gerrish, Jacob Ezra},
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+ title = {Product Tagging and Saved Intent in Online Retail: a measurement
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+ study of 1,028 Shopify storefronts and 700 Steam titles},
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+ year = {2026},
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+ publisher = {Zenodo},
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+ doi = {10.5281/zenodo.22852049}
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+ }
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+ ```
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+
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+ Write-ups: [tag vocabularies](https://sempite.com/research/product-tag-vocabularies/) ·
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+ [wishlists](https://sempite.com/research/ecommerce-wishlists/)
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+
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+ Data CC BY 4.0, code MIT. Produced by [SEMPITE](https://sempite.com/research/).