Split (2)

validation · 302 rows

paragraphs list	title dict
[ { "context": { "en": "Islam is the main religion in Kyrgyzstan, but the constitution guarantees freedom of religion. Kyrgyzstan is a multi ethnic and multi religious country with Islam (including Sunni, Shia, and Ahmadiyya), Buddhism, Baha’i, Christianity (including Russian Orthodox Church, Roman Catholic...	{ "en": "Religion in Kyrgyzstan", "zh_tw": "吉爾吉斯斯坦宗教" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Qualification to the curling tournaments at the Winter Olympics was determined through two methods. Nations could qualify teams by earning qualification points from performances at the 2012 and 2013 World Curling Championships. Teams could also qualify through an Olympic qualificatio...	{ "en": "Curling at the 2014 Winter Olympics", "zh_tw": "2014 年冬季奧林匹克運動會冰壺比賽" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "《毀滅戰士 3》是一個故事導向的第一人稱動作射擊遊戲。如同以前的《毀滅戰士》遊戲，遊戲中的主要目標是成功透過各個關卡，打敗各種敵人。《毀滅戰士 3》故事導向的設計令玩家時常遇到友善的非玩家角色，這些角色通常會提供重要的劇情資訊、交待玩家的任務或遊戲物品。玩家在遊戲中可以同時攜帶並使用十種武器，包含較為傳統的衝鋒鎗、散彈槍和手榴彈，以及實驗性的電漿武器，另外還有《毀滅戰士》系列中不可或缺的重要武器 BFG 9000 和電鋸。敵人各有不同的能力和戰術，但基本上可分為喪屍和惡魔兩大類。喪屍是被惡魔附身的人類，使用他們的槍械或肉...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "毀滅戰士 3" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "馬可・卡薩格蘭出生於芬蘭舊都圖爾庫頗具名聲義大利芬裔天主教家族，童年時期在北極圈拉普蘭區附近的小村落上托爾尼奧度過，後搬到南方小鎮卡爾亞念小學和中學。成年後，馬可・卡薩格蘭到了赫爾辛基研習建築學。" }, "qas": [ { "answers": { "en": null, "zh_tw": [ { "answer_start": 88, "text": "...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "馬可・卡薩格蘭" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "1832 年，德國化學家 Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner 首先將糠醛分離出來。他在製取蟻酸的過程中萃取出微量的副產品，即糠醛。在當時，蟻酸是用死亡的螞蟻蒸餾製取，Döbereiner 用的螞蟻體內可能含有一些植物碎屑。1840 年，蘇格蘭化學家約翰・斯登豪斯發現相同的化學品可以由許多種不同的農作物中蒸餾製取，他將玉米、燕麥、麥麩和鋸木屑分別放入稀硫酸中，檢測出該糠醛的實驗式為 C5H4O2。1901 年，德國化學家卡爾・哈里斯推論出糠醛結構。" }, "qas": [ ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "糠醛" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Adobe Photoshop is a raster graphics editor developed and published by Adobe Inc. for Windows and macOS. It was originally created in 1988 by Thomas and John Knoll. Since then, this software has become the industry standard not only in raster graphics editing, but in digital art as a...	{ "en": "Adobe Photoshop", "zh_tw": "Adobe Photoshop" }
[ { "context": { "en": "In 1989, HP determined that Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) architectures were approaching a processing limit at one instruction per cycle. HP researchers investigated a new architecture, later named Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing (EPIC), that allows the processor...	{ "en": "Itanium", "zh_tw": "安騰" }
[ { "context": { "en": "German South West Africa (German: Deutsch-Südwestafrika) was a colony of the German Empire from 1884 until 1919. With an area of 835,100 km², it was one and a half times the size of the mainland German Empire in Europe at the time. The colony had a population of around 2,600 Germans....	{ "en": "German South West Africa", "zh_tw": "德屬西南非洲" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Erdoğan married Emine Gülbaran (born 1955, Siirt) on 4 July 1978. They have two sons; Ahmet Burak and Necmettin Bilal, and two daughters, Esra and Sümeyye. His father, Ahmet Erdoğan, died in 1988 and his 88-year-old mother, Tenzile Erdoğan, died in 2011. He is a member of the Communi...	{ "en": "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "zh_tw": "雷傑普・塔伊普・埃爾多安" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The Cham script is a descendant of the Brahmi script of India. Cham was one of the first scripts to develop from a Tamil Brahmi script called the Grantha alphabet some time around 200 CE. It came to Southeast Asia as part of the expansion of Hinduism and Buddhism. Hindu stone temples...	{ "en": "Cham script", "zh_tw": "佔語字母" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Bastar District is a district of the state of Chhattisgarh in central India. Jagdalpur is the district headquarters. The district has an area of 10755.79 km². Bastar District is bounded on the northwest by Narayanpur district, on the north by Kondagaon District, on the east by Nabara...	{ "en": "Bastar district", "zh_tw": "巴斯塔縣" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "全球資訊網中至關重要的概念─超文字，起源於 1960 年代的幾個從前的專案。譬如泰德・尼爾森的仙那度計劃和道格拉斯・英格巴特的 NLS。而這兩個專案的靈感都是來源於萬尼瓦爾・布什在其 1945 年的論文《和我們想得一樣》中為微縮膠片設計的 Memex 系統。" }, "qas": [ { "answers": { "en": null, "zh_tw": [ { "answer_star...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "全球資訊網" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT), located near Pune (Narayangaon) in India, is an array of thirty fully steerable parabolic radio telescopes of 45 metre diameter, observing at metre wavelengths. It is operated by the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, a part of the Tat...	{ "en": "Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope", "zh_tw": "巨米波電波望遠鏡" }
[ { "context": { "en": "In 1994, guitarists Mark Morton and Matt Conner, bassist John Campbell and drummer Chris Adler started a band named Burn the Priest. The band members knew each other from the college they were all attending, Virginia Commonwealth University, in Richmond, Virginia. Morton and Conner l...	{ "en": "Lamb of God (band)", "zh_tw": "上帝羔羊樂團" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Assad was born Asma Akhras on 11 August 1975 in London to Fawaz Akhras, a cardiologist at the Cromwell Hospital, and his wife Sahar Akhras (née Otri), a retired diplomat who served as First Secretary at the Syrian Embassy in London. Her parents are Sunni Muslims and of Syrian origin,...	{ "en": "Asma al-Assad", "zh_tw": "阿斯瑪・阿薩德" }
[ { "context": { "en": "v. This important requirement is what distinguishes a contravariant vector from any other triple of physically meaningful quantities. For example, if v consists of the x, y, and z-components of velocity, then v is a contravariant vector: if the coordinates of space are stretched, rot...	{ "en": "Euclidean vector", "zh_tw": "向量" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Koirala entered politics in 1954 inspired by the social-democratic ideals of the Nepali Congress. In 1958 he keenly participated in Bhadra Abagya Aandalon, (Civil Disobedience Movement) launched by the Nepali Congress. In 1959, he actively involved himself in the party's objective of...	{ "en": "Sushil Koirala", "zh_tw": "蘇希爾・柯伊拉臘" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Shakuntala Devi was born in Bengaluru, Karnataka to an orthodox Kannada Brahmin family. Her father rebelled against becoming a temple priest and instead joined a circus where he worked as a trapeze artist, lion tamer, tightrope walker, and magician. He discovered his daughter's abili...	{ "en": "Shakuntala Devi", "zh_tw": "夏琨塔拉・戴維" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The name \"Banaas\" literally translates as \"forest-hope\" (Ban-aas) meaning \"Hope-of-the-forest\" or 'Van Ki Aasha.' The river originates in the Veron ka Math situated in Khamnor Hills of the Aravalli Range, about 5 km from Kumbhalgarh in Rajsamand district. It flows northeast thr...	{ "en": "Banas River", "zh_tw": "巴納斯河" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "這是目前有得到 1998 年冬季奧林匹克運動會獎牌的國家或地區排名列表。這份排名是依據每個國家或地區所獲得的金牌數而排列。銀牌數是在金牌數之後被計算，然後是銅牌數。如果獎牌數目相同，則是以該國家或地區的英文名字字母順序，給予相同排名" }, "qas": [ { "answers": { "en": null, "zh_tw": [ { "answer_start": 101, ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "1998 年冬季奧林匹克運動會獎牌榜" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Nissan has produced an extensive range of mainstream cars and trucks, initially for domestic consumption but exported around the world since the 1950s.", "zh_tw": "日產生產了大量主流的轎車和卡車，最初主要為國內市場服務，從 1950 年代開始向全世界出口。公司還生產數款跑車，包括 Z 系列和 GT-R。前者是一款最早在 1969 年出現的較為經濟的跑車，而後者則是一款動力強勁的四驅運動型四...	{ "en": "Nissan", "zh_tw": "日產汽車" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Apartheid is an Afrikaans word meaning \"separateness\", or \"the state of being apart\", literally \"apart-hood\" (from Afrikaans \"-heid\"). Its first recorded use was in 1929.", "zh_tw": "“Apartheid（種族隔離制度）” 一詞源於阿非利加語（即：南非荷蘭語），意為 “孤立、疏遠”。南非種族隔離制度形成於 20 世紀 30-40 年代，與舊有的種族隔離政策...	{ "en": "Apartheid", "zh_tw": "南非種族隔離" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "驚奇漫畫的總編輯艾維・亞拉，在 2005 年 4 月首次宣佈計劃制定的電影后，驚奇漫畫與美林證券聯合制作並由派拉蒙電影公司發行相關電影。驚奇漫畫討論他們的簡短的介紹華爾街分析。工作室的目的是要推出個別人物電影，建立角色的身份和熟悉他們的觀眾，之後把他們合併在一部電影。被聘為驚奇工作室的編劇扎克・佩恩的《新變形俠醫》，2007 年 6 月。佩恩證實了他的參與，但他表示他並不認為工作將很快開始。在 2007-2008 年美國罷工作家協會後，驚奇漫畫與美國作家協會談判，以確保它可以建立根據其漫畫建立電影，包括美國隊長，蟻人和復...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "復仇者聯盟" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Greenhouses are often used for growing flowers, vegetables, fruits, and transplants. Special greenhouse varieties of certain crops, such as tomatoes, are generally used for commercial production. Many vegetables and flowers can be grown in greenhouses in late winter and early spring,...	{ "en": "Greenhouse", "zh_tw": "溫室" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The National Television System Committee was established in 1940 by the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to resolve the conflicts between companies over the introduction of a nationwide analog television system in the United States. In March 1941, the committee i...	{ "en": "NTSC", "zh_tw": "NTSC 制式" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "QRpedia 的構想始於維基百科的志願者 Roger Bamkin，由 Terence Eden 編碼，並於 2011 年 4 月亮相。它目前使用於博物館以及許多國家的機構，包括澳大利亞、保加利亞、捷克共和國、愛沙尼亞、西班牙、印度、英國與美國。該計劃的原始碼在 MIT 許可證的規範之下可自由重複使用。" }, "qas": [ { "answers": { "en": null, "zh_tw": [ { ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "QRpedia" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "在力學上，牛頓闡明瞭動量和角動量守恆的原理。在光學上，他發明了反射望遠鏡，並基於對三稜鏡將白光發散成可見光譜的觀察，發展出了顏色理論。他還系統地表述了冷卻定律，並研究了音速。" }, "qas": [ { "answers": { "en": null, "zh_tw": [ { "answer_start": 5, "text": "牛頓" ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "艾薩克・牛頓" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The Lathen train collision occurred on 22 September 2006 when a Transrapid magnetic levitation (or \"maglev\") train collided with a maintenance vehicle near Lathen, Germany, killing 23 people. It was the first fatal accident involving a maglev train.", "zh_tw": "德國磁浮試驗線碰撞事故，乃...	{ "en": "Lathen train collision", "zh_tw": "德國磁浮試驗線碰撞事故" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "《塊肉餘生錄》（David Copperfield）又譯名 “大衛・科波菲爾”，是 19 世紀英國批判現實主義作家查爾斯・狄更斯的第八部重要作品，全名是《布倫德斯通貧民窟的大衛・科波菲爾之個人歷史、歷險、經歷和觀察（他從來沒想以任何方式出版）》，寫於 1848—1850 年。和他的其它作品一樣，故事以連載的方式刊登，用時兩年。在這部帶有自傳性質的小說裡，狄更斯藉 “大衛自身的歷史和經驗”，從某些方面回顧和總結了自己的生活道路，表現出他的人生態度、道德理想。作品所展示的繪聲繪色、豐富多彩的生活畫面，具有鮮明深刻的時代特點。...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "大衛・科波菲爾 (小說)" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Raman retired from the Indian Institute of Science in 1948 and established the Raman Research Institute in Bangalore, Karnataka, a year later. He served as its director and remained active there until his death in 1970, in Bangalore, at the age of 82.", "zh_tw": "拉曼在 1948 年印度科學...	{ "en": "C. V. Raman", "zh_tw": "錢德拉塞卡拉・拉曼" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The Tupolev TB-3 (Russian: Тяжёлый Бомбардировщик, Tyazholy Bombardirovschik, Heavy Bomber, civilian designation ANT-6) was a heavy bomber aircraft which was deployed by the Soviet Air Force in the 1930s and during World War II. It was the world's first cantilever wing four-engine he...	{ "en": "Tupolev TB-3", "zh_tw": "圖波列夫 TB-3 重型轟炸機" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "該事故發生幾周之前，極為炎熱的天氣使得新德里的電力消耗創造了歷史最高紀錄。因季風推遲所引發的乾旱，使得旁遮普邦和哈里亞納邦的農業區需要更多的電力來使用水泵灌溉稻田。另外，遲來的季風也意味著水電站的發電量比往常減少。" }, "qas": [ { "answers": { "en": null, "zh_tw": [ { "answer_start": 77, ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "2012 年印度大停電" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Nathan Mayer's eldest son, Lionel de Rothschild (1808–1879), succeeded him as head of the London branch. Under Lionel, the bank financed the British government's 1875 purchase of Egypt's interest in the Suez Canal. The Rothschild bank also funded Cecil Rhodes in the development of th...	{ "en": "Rothschild family", "zh_tw": "羅斯柴爾德家族" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "描述統計學處理有關敘述的問題：是否可以摘要的說明資料的情形，不論是以數學或是圖片表現，以用來代表母群體的性質？基礎的數學描述包括了平均數和標準差等。影象的摘要則包含了許多種的表和圖。主要是就說明資料的集中和離散情形。推論統計學被用來將資料中的資料模型化，計算它的機率並且做出對於母群體的推論。這個推論可能以對 / 錯問題的答案所呈現（假設檢定），對於數字特徵量的估計（估計），對於未來觀察的預測，關聯性的預測（相關性），或是將關係模型化（迴歸）。其他的模型化技術包括變異數分析（ANOVA），時間序列（time series ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "統計學" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "在軍事上，他是一位具備勇氣和軍事才能，任內王國成為羅馬共和國堅貞的盟友，他參予第一次馬其頓戰爭和第二次馬其頓戰爭對抗馬其頓的腓力五世並佔有重要的地位。與馬其頓戰爭中，他指揮多場海上行動，成功阻止馬其頓朝愛琴海周圍進犯，並贏得許多榮譽和戰利品，他也為王國取得一些愛琴海的島嶼，如第一次馬其頓戰爭中獲得埃伊納島（Aegina），第二次獲得安德羅斯島（Andros）。另外阿塔羅斯一世也從腓力五世手中幸運地死裡逃生兩次。" }, "qas": [ { "answers": { ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "阿塔羅斯一世" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "緩龍是已知最原始的鋸齒龍類，被認為可能是其他種的祖先。緩龍的體型大型，顯示這群奇特的動物僅管位在演化階段的很早位置，但已演化至理想的大小。較晚、較衍化的盾甲龍也沒緩龍大。大體積的優點是抵抗掠食動物，與維持穩定的體溫（巨溫性）。" }, "qas": [ { "answers": { "en": null, "zh_tw": [ { "answer_start": 48, ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "緩龍屬" }
[ { "context": { "en": "He first started creating comics at the age of twelve, but that he had held an interest in drawing since at least six. He states that he still retains a habit of spending \"an average of thirty-five dollars per week\" on comics books. A fan of Dungeons & Dragons, Metzen cites the Dra...	{ "en": "Chris Metzen", "zh_tw": "克里斯・梅森" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Born in Washington, D.C., Grover Furr graduated from McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, in 1965 with a BA in English. He received a Ph.D in Comparative literature from Princeton University in 1978. Since February 1970, he has been on the faculty at Montclair State Univers...	{ "en": "Grover Furr", "zh_tw": "格雷弗・弗" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Nanotechnology is often defined as the study of materials and devices with features on a scale below 100 nanometers. DNA nanotechnology, specifically, is an example of bottom-up molecular self-assembly, in which molecular components spontaneously organize into stable structures; the...	{ "en": "DNA nanotechnology", "zh_tw": "DNA 奈米技術" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "這些謎團直到 2004 年 7 月 1 日卡西尼號太空船進入環土星軌道後才得以解決。在旅行者 2 號觀測結果的基礎上，土衛二成為了卡西尼號飛船計劃的一個優先觀測目標。卡西尼號在 1500 公里範圍內數次有目的性的飛掠，及在 10 萬公里範圍內眾多非目的性的飛掠提供了大量的觀測資料。迄今為止，卡西尼號共進行了 4 次近距離的飛掠，獲得了眾多關於土衛二表面的意義重大的資訊，並發現了衛星南極地區發生的含有水蒸氣和複雜碳氫化合物的噴射現象。這些發現也促使卡西尼號的飛行軌道做出改變，對土衛二實施更近距離的飛掠，其中包括 2008 ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "土衛二" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "1912 年，俄國顧問在 Khujirbulan 開辦了一所軍事學校，蘇赫巴托爾等士兵被派入該校學習。蘇赫巴托爾的騎射天賦以及其贏得了戰友們的尊重，培訓結束後，他在 Khujirbulan 成為機槍連的排長。1913 年，蘇赫巴托爾與其妻子彥吉瑪組成家庭。1911 年，他們有了第一個兒子，但彥吉瑪的父母反對他倆的關係，理由是蘇赫巴托爾太窮了。1914 年 6 月下旬，蘇赫巴托爾參加了反對軍隊生活條件差和腐敗計程車兵暴動，但這一事件似乎對他沒有負面影響。蒙古所謂的 “自治” 時期是一個相當無法無天的時期。1917 年，蘇赫...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "達木丁・蘇赫巴托爾" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "1973 年 1 月他們從美國回來之後，他們錄製了 “Brain Damage”，“Eclipse”，“Any Colour You Like” 和 “On the Run”, 並對之前他們錄的內容做了些許微調。他們還僱了一個女聲四重唱組合給 “Brain Damage”，“Eclipse” 和 “Time” 伴唱，還邀請了薩克斯樂手 Dick Parry 給 “Us and Them” 還有 “Money” 配樂。他們還和導演 Adrian Maden 合作，將他們在錄音室工作的全過程攝製成了一部短片：《Pink Fl...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "月之暗面" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Ali Bongo Ondimba (born Alain Bernard Bongo; 9 February 1959), sometimes known as Ali Bongo, is a Gabonese politician who has been President of Gabon since October 2009.", "zh_tw": "阿里・邦戈・翁丁巴（Ali Bongo Ondimba，本名 Alain Bernard Bongo，1959 年 2 月 9 日－）是一位加彭政治人物，自 2009 年 10 月開始擔任加彭...	{ "en": "Ali Bongo Ondimba", "zh_tw": "阿里・邦戈・翁丁巴" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "1939 年 9 月 20 日，美國陸航訂購了 66 架 P-38 的最初生產型，這時第一架 YP-38 還沒有建造完成，1941 年中期已有 30 架被送交陸航。在這些飛機之中，並非所有 P-38 都安裝武器系統的。稍後它們配備了 4 挺.50 英寸重機槍（而不是之前 YP-38 的.50 英寸與.30 英寸機槍各 2 挺）和一門 37 毫米機炮。這些飛機也裝備了防彈玻璃，機艙內裝甲和熒光儀表。其中一架飛機被作為陸航的試驗機，裝備了一個增壓駕駛艙後被重新命名為 XP-38A。根據陸航從歐洲收到的報告，對餘下的 36 架...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "P-38 閃電式戰鬥機" }
[ { "context": { "en": "In the 17th century there was slow progress in trade and population growth. Battles for control of the town were waged during the English Civil War, including an eighteen-day siege in 1644. In 1699 Liverpool was made a parish by Act of Parliament, that same year its first slave ship,...	{ "en": "Liverpool", "zh_tw": "利物浦" }
[ { "context": { "en": "In early October 2018, advertisements with the phrase \"Do you like Twice? Yes or Yes\" (Korean: \"트와이스 좋아하세요? YES or YES\") were put up on subway billboards, drawing attention online. On October 11, JYP Entertainment confirmed that Twice planned to release their third Korean album o...	{ "en": "Yes or Yes", "zh_tw": "YES or YES" }
[ { "context": { "en": "James Clerk Maxwell (13 June 1831 – 5 November 1879) was a Scottish scientist in the field of mathematical physics. His most notable achievement was to formulate the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation, bringing together for the first time electricity, magnetism, and light...	{ "en": "James Clerk Maxwell", "zh_tw": "詹姆斯・克拉克・麥克斯韋" }
[ { "context": { "en": "In the middle of the 18th century, a series of colonial conflicts began between France and Britain, which ultimately resulted in the destruction of most of the first French colonial empire and the near-complete expulsion of France from the Americas. These wars were the War of the Aus...	{ "en": "French colonial empire", "zh_tw": "法蘭西殖民帝國" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Silent Hill received generally positive reviews, gaining an 86/100 aggregate at ratings website Metacritic, respectively. The game sold over two million copies, which gained Silent Hill a place in the American PlayStation Greatest Hits budget releases. In November 1999, the Verband d...	{ "en": "Silent Hill (video game)", "zh_tw": "寂靜嶺 (遊戲)" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "從廣義相對論得到的部分預言和經典物理中的對應預言非常不同，尤其是有關時間流易、空間幾何、自由落體的運動以及光的傳播等問題，例如引力場內的時間膨脹、光的引力紅移和引力時間延遲效應。廣義相對論的預言至今為止已經通過了所有觀測和實驗的驗證 —— 廣義相對論雖然並非當今描述引力的唯一理論，但卻是能夠與實驗資料相符合的最簡潔的理論。不過仍然有一些問題至今未能解決。最為基礎的即是廣義相對論和量子物理的定律應如何統一以形成完備並且自洽的量子引力理論。" }, "qas": [ { "answ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "廣義相對論" }
[ { "context": { "en": "An intelligent and attractive woman, Caroline was much sought-after as a bride. Dowager Electress Sophia called her \"the most agreeable Princess in Germany\". She was considered for the hand of Archduke Charles of Austria, who was a candidate for the throne of Spain and later became...	{ "en": "Caroline of Ansbach", "zh_tw": "卡羅琳 (安斯巴赫)" }
[ { "context": { "en": "John William Coltrane (September 23, 1926 – July 17, 1967) was an American jazz saxophonist and composer. Working in the bebop and hard bop idioms early in his career, Coltrane helped pioneer the use of modes and was at the forefront of free jazz. He led at least fifty recording sess...	{ "en": "John Coltrane", "zh_tw": "約翰・柯川" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The fort was commissioned by Sher Shah Suri, founder of the Sur Empire. The fort was designed to block the advances of Mughal emperor Humayun, who had been exiled to Persia following his defeat at the Battle of Kannauj. The fort occupies a strategic position between the mountainous r...	{ "en": "Rohtas Fort", "zh_tw": "羅赫達斯要塞" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "古巴共和國是現今少數幾個由共產黨執政的社會主義國家之一。古巴 1976 年的憲法規定該國為社會主義共和國。1992 年的憲法規定該國由何塞・馬蒂思想和馬克思列寧主義指導，2002 年追加 “社會主義體制不可動搖” 一條。古巴共產黨為 “社會與國家的領導力量”，作為黨和國家最高領導人的古巴共產黨中央委員會第一書記兼任古巴國務委員會主席（國家元首）兼古巴部長會議主席（政府首腦）和古巴革命武裝力量總司令，該職務和國務委員會的 31 名委員均由全國人民政權代表大會選舉產生。國家元首和政府首腦任期五年，可任兩屆。" }, ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "古巴" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "佛利民最知名的理論，是他提出的貨幣供給作為決定生產價值基準的因素，通貨膨脹在根本上源自於貨幣供給量的主張。貨幣主義是現代經濟學在貨幣數量理論的重要觀點之一，這種理論的根源可以追溯至 16 世紀西班牙的薩拉曼卡學派，佛利民的貢獻則是現代化了這種理論，將其推廣為現代經濟學的主流貨幣學說。他在 1963 年與安娜・施瓦茨合著的《美國貨幣史》一書中檢驗了美國曆史上貨幣供給和經濟活動之間的關聯。他們得出了驚人結論：貨幣供給一向是經濟活動起伏的唯一影響來源。又或者如同美國聯邦儲備系統的主席本・伯南克在 2002 年慶祝佛利民 90 ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "米爾頓・佛利民" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "抽象群的現代概念是從多個數學領域發展出來的。群論的最初動機是為了求解高於 4 次的多項式方程。十九世紀法國數學家埃瓦里斯特・伽羅瓦，擴充套件了保羅・魯菲尼和約瑟夫・拉格朗日先前的工作，依據特定多項式方程的根（解）的對稱群給出了對它的可解性的判別準則。這個伽羅瓦群的元素對應於根的特定置換。伽羅瓦的想法最初被同代人所拒絕，只在死後才出版。更一般的置換群由奧古斯丁・路易・柯西專門研究。阿瑟・凱萊的《On the theory of groups, as depending on the symbolic equation θn...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "群" }
[ { "context": { "en": "On September 11, 2001, the structure was damaged by debris when the nearby North Tower of the World Trade Center collapsed. The debris also ignited fires, which continued to burn throughout the afternoon on lower floors of the building. The building's internal fire suppression system...	{ "en": "7 World Trade Center", "zh_tw": "世界貿易中心七號大樓" }
[ { "context": { "en": "On 8 March, her medical condition continued to deteriorate and the infant princess died at 3:38 am. The Emperor ordered the army to stop their actions for the day and decreed a day of national mourning. On 13 March, the princess was buried in a simple ceremony in the Toshimagaoka cem...	{ "en": "Sachiko, Princess Hisa", "zh_tw": "久宮祐子內親王" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "My Disillusionment in Russia. Garden City, New York: Doubleday, Page and Co., 1923." }, "qas": [ { "answers": { "en": null, "zh_tw": [ { "answer_start": 43, "text": "New York" ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "埃瑪・戈爾德曼" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Anne was born at 11:39 p.m. on 6 February 1665 at St James's Palace, London, the fourth child and second daughter of the Duke of York (afterwards James II and VII), and his first wife, Anne Hyde. Her father was the younger brother of King Charles II, who ruled the three kingdoms of E...	{ "en": "Anne, Queen of Great Britain", "zh_tw": "安妮 (英國女王)" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The 82nd Academy Awards ceremony, presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), honored the best films of 2009 and took place on March 7, 2010, at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood, Los Angeles beginning at 5:30 p.m. PST / 8:30 p.m. EST. The ceremony was schedule...	{ "en": "82nd Academy Awards", "zh_tw": "第 82 屆奧斯卡金像獎" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Kepler's laws of planetary motion describe the orbits of objects about the Sun. Following Kepler's laws, each object travels along an ellipse with the Sun at one focus. Objects closer to the Sun (with smaller semi-major axes) travel more quickly because they are more affected by the ...	{ "en": "Solar System", "zh_tw": "太陽系" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The composition of Majulah Singapura occurred during a push for independence from the United Kingdom. While Singapore was a British colony, its national anthem was \"God Save the King (or Queen)\". In 1951, the colony was conferred city status by a royal charter from King George VI. ...	{ "en": "Majulah Singapura", "zh_tw": "前進吧，新加坡！" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Some viruses (e.g. HIV and many animal viruses) have viral envelopes covering their protective protein capsids. The envelopes are typically derived from portions of the host cell membranes (phospholipids and proteins), but include some viral glycoproteins. They may help viruses avoi...	{ "en": "Viral envelope", "zh_tw": "病毒包膜" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The orbiter entered Venus orbit on October 23, 1975. Its mission was to serve as a communications relay for the lander and to explore cloud layers and atmospheric parameters with several instruments and experiments:", "zh_tw": "1975 年 10 月 23 日，軌道環繞器進入金星軌道。其任務是做為金星著陸器的中繼傳訊站及數臺大...	{ "en": "Venera 10", "zh_tw": "金星 10 號" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The Brumadinho dam disaster occurred on 25 January 2019 when Dam I, a tailings dam at the Córrego do Feijão iron ore mine, 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) east of Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil, suffered a catastrophic failure. The dam is owned by Vale, the same company that was involved in...	{ "en": "Brumadinho dam disaster", "zh_tw": "2019 年巴西布魯馬迪紐尾礦壩事故" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "對 18 歲及以上人群的高血壓的定義為收縮壓和／或舒張壓值持續高於公認的正常值（目前此值為收縮壓 139mmHg 毫米汞柱、舒張壓 89mmHg 毫米汞柱：請參見分類表（JNC7））。如果使用 24 小時血壓監測數值及家庭自測數值時，則應使用較低的閾值（收縮壓 135mmHg 或舒張壓 85mmHg）. 最近的國際高血壓指南也對高血壓範圍之下的血壓情況進行了分類，以指出在正常血壓範圍內的較高血壓亦存在的風險。JNC7（2003）將收縮壓在 120–139 mmHg 和 / 或舒張壓在 80–89 mmHg 的範圍定義為臨...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "高血壓" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Most women of reproductive age develop small cysts each month, and large cysts that cause problems occur in about 8% of women before menopause. Ovarian cysts are present in about 16% of women after menopause and if present are more likely to be cancer.Benign ovarian cysts are common ...	{ "en": "Ovarian cyst", "zh_tw": "卵巢囊腫" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Kennedy was born in Brookline, Massachusetts and graduated from Harvard University in 1940 before joining the U.S. Naval Reserve the following year. During World War II, he commanded a series of PT boats in the Pacific theater and earned the Navy and Marine Corps Medal for his servic...	{ "en": "John F. Kennedy", "zh_tw": "約翰・肯尼迪" }
[ { "context": { "en": "As with many drugs, overdoses of heparin can be fatal. In September 2006, heparin received worldwide publicity when three prematurely born infants died after they were mistakenly given overdoses of heparin at an Indianapolis hospital.", "zh_tw": "過量使用肝素可以致命。2006 年在印地安納波里斯的一家醫院，...	{ "en": "Heparin", "zh_tw": "肝素" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Intellectual property (IP) is a category of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect. Intellectual property encompasses two types of rights: industrial property rights (trademarks, patents, designations of origin, industrial designs and models) and copyright...	{ "en": "Intellectual property", "zh_tw": "智慧財產權" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "儘管阿道夫・希特勒曾在 1923 年時發起一場以失敗告結的政變嘗試推翻德國政府，出獄後競選總統輸給保羅・馮・興登堡，但在 1932 年保守右派前總理帕彭向政敵報仇的策劃下，透過右翼國家人民黨及德國企業家們政商合作，身為國會第一大黨的納粹不僅獲得資助、解除瀕臨破產的危機，更因此得到政商名流聯名遊說，最終說服興登堡任命他於 1933 年合法成為德國總理。他宣佈廢除民主制度，同時藉由民族主義的風潮提出要重新修正世界秩序，並很快便開始大規模地重整軍備。與此同時法國為了確保義大利仍然與其合作、維持同一陣線之協議，允許義大利將衣...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "第二次世界大戰" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The Internet (portmanteau of interconnected network) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link devices worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of private, public, academic, business, and government netw...	{ "en": "Internet", "zh_tw": "網際網路" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The Fast and the Furious was released on June 22, 2001 in North America and ranked #1 at the box office, earning $40,089,015 during its opening weekend. Its widest release was 2,889 theaters. During its run, the film has made a domestic total of $144,533,925 along with a internationa...	{ "en": "The Fast and the Furious (2001 film)", "zh_tw": "玩命關頭" }
[ { "context": { "en": "A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that cannot be formed by multiplying two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways of writing it as a product, 1...	{ "en": "Prime number", "zh_tw": "素數" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The lands to the east would belong to Portugal and the lands to the west to Castile. The treaty was signed by Spain, 2 July 1494, and by Portugal, 5 September 1494. The other side of the world was divided a few decades later by the Treaty of Zaragoza, signed on 22 April 1529, which s...	{ "en": "Treaty of Tordesillas", "zh_tw": "托爾德西里亞斯條約" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "1988 年黃石公園大火是美國黃石國家公園有記錄以來最大的一場大火災，多個獨立的小山火在風勢加劇和乾旱的作用下，先後失去了控制，火焰迅速地蔓延，最終形成了一場燃燒了幾個月的大火災。直至在同年秋末，由於潮溼的天氣才被完全撲滅。該大火所造成嚴重損失，總計達 3,213 平方公里（1,241 平方英里）受到影響，災害區域大約佔黃石公園總面積的 36%。根據各項資料研判顯示，1960 年代末前，火通常被認為對公園和森林有害，管理策略的目標是用最快的速度撲滅山火。1970 年代起，環境保護界別人士與相關單位則發現了火對於生態系統的...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "1988 年黃石公園大火" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "澳大利亞聯邦國會由 1901 年 5 月 9 日在墨爾本成立。當時在墨爾本市內能夠容納一萬四千名來賓的場所只有皇家展覽館（Royal Exhibition Building）。在此之後，聯邦國會向維多利亞州議會借用議會大樓（即墨爾本國會大廈），並從 1901 年至 1927 年在此議事。國會於 1927 年 5 月 9 日遷至新首都堪培拉，議場也隨之遷至到現在被稱為舊國會大廈的廳所議事。雖然開始只是打算暫時在此辦公，可事實上在隨後的 60 多年裡它一直充當國會大廈的角色。" }, "qas": [ ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "澳大利亞議會" }
[ { "context": { "en": "One early calculating machine, built by Thomas Fowler entirely from wood in 1840, operated in balanced ternary. The first modern, electronic ternary computer Setun was built in 1958 in the Soviet Union at the Moscow State University by Nikolay Brusentsov, and it had notable advantage...	{ "en": "Ternary computer", "zh_tw": "三進位電腦" }
[ { "context": { "en": "\"Cat and Mouse in Partnership\" (German: Katze und Maus in Gessellschaft) is a Brothers Grimm fairy tale. It is Aarne-Thompson type 15, Stealing the Partner's Butter.", "zh_tw": "貓和老鼠（德語：Katze und Maus in Gesellschaft），又譯貓和老鼠合夥，是格林兄弟所著的一個童話。" }, "qas": [ { ...	{ "en": "Cat and Mouse in Partnership", "zh_tw": "貓和老鼠 (童話)" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "千百年來，人類利用各種裝置來計時和報時。目前正在使用的六十進位制時間系統，追溯至公元前大約 2000 年的蘇美爾。古埃及把一天分為二個部份，每一部份再分為 12 個小時，並使用大型方尖碑追蹤太陽的移動。他們還發明瞭水鍾（water clocks）。Precinct of Amun-Re 很可能是最初使用水鐘的地方，後來在埃及以外的地方也有人使用水鍾；古希臘人就經常使用叫作 clepsydrae 的水鍾。約在同一時間，相信商朝已使用洩水型水鍾──漏壺；而漏壺可能早在公元前 2000 年，從美索不達米亞傳入。其他古代計時器包...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "計時工具的歷史" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "喬治王子在 1738 年生於倫敦諾福克府，父母分別是威爾斯親王腓特烈與薩克森 - 哥達的奧古斯塔，而喬治王子也是祖父喬治二世的孫子。由於喬治王子比原定的預產期早兩個月出生，因此他最初被認為不能活得長久，並在出生同一天獲聖詹姆士的教區牧師進行施洗。在公曆 1738 年 7 月 4 日，牛津主教托馬斯・塞克覆在諾福克府為他進行公開施洗。他的教父母為瑞典國王弗雷德裡克一世（由巴爾的摩勳爵任代理人）、薩克森 - 哥達公爵（由卡那封勳爵任代理人）、以及他的祖姑母普魯士王后索菲亞・桃樂西婭（由已故第四代漢彌爾頓公爵之女兒夏洛特・埃德...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "喬治三世" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The Pistol Star (V4627 Sgr), near the center of the Milky Way, in the constellation of Sagittarius. The Pistol Star is possibly as much as 150 times more massive than the Sun, and is about 1.7 million times more luminous. Considered a candidate LBV, but variability has not been confi...	{ "en": "Hypergiant", "zh_tw": "特超巨星" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The Red Party (Bokmål: Rødt, Nynorsk: Raudt, Northern Sami: Ruoksat) is a Norwegian far-left political party. The party was founded in March 2007 by a merger of the Workers' Communist Party and the Red Electoral Alliance. Bjørnar Moxnes is the Red Party's current leader.", "zh_...	{ "en": "Red Party (Norway)", "zh_tw": "紅黨 (挪威)" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "利昂娜・伍茲（英語：Leona Woods，1919 年 8 月 9 日－1986 年 11 月 10 日），亦稱利昂娜・伍茲・馬歇爾（Leona Woods Marshall）和利昂娜・伍茲・馬歇爾・利比（Leona Woods Marshall Libby），美國物理學家，曾協助建立人類史上首個核反應堆與首枚原子彈。" }, "qas": [ { "answers": { "en": null, "zh_tw": [ ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "利昂娜・伍茲" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "織女一又稱為織女星或天琴座 α（α Lyr，α Lyrae），是天琴座中最明亮的恆星，在夜空中排名第五，是北半球第二明亮的恆星，僅次於大角星。它與大角星及天狼星一樣，是非常靠近地球的恆星，距離地球只有 25.3 光年；它也是太陽附近最明亮的恆星之一。在中國古代的「牛郎織女」神話中，織女為天帝孫女，故亦稱天孫。" }, "qas": [ { "answers": { "en": null, "zh_tw": [ { ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "織女一" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "中國器官移植始於 1960 年代，是目前世界上最大規模的器官移植專案。到 2004 年為止，中國器官移植已高達 13000 例。與此同時，中國也進行了一些創新性的器官移植，如包括骨頭在內的面部移植。中國政府歷史上曾採用死刑犯器官作為器官移植的來源，有人認為，中國自鎮壓法輪功後很可能非法使用被關押法輪功修煉者的器官。" }, "qas": [ { "answers": { "en": null, "zh_tw": [ ...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "中國器官移植" }
[ { "context": { "en": null, "zh_tw": "私刑作為一種有罪推定的懲罰形式，通常由自行指派的委員會、暴民或自發組織的治安維持者在沒有法律程式的情況下所執行。私刑在美國內戰前便存在於美國各州，特別是美南各州與美西拓荒區。「Lynching」這個詞彙被認為源自美國獨立戰爭時，維吉尼亞州治安法官 Charles Lynch 對保皇黨所命令的不受法律支配的刑罰。在內戰前的南方，廢奴主義的支持者常是暴民執行私刑的目標。戰後，私刑是恐怖主義的一種型式，用來威嚇自由的黑人投票和取得政治力量。一項對 1868 年至 1871 年的治安調查估計三 K 黨參與了超過 400 件私刑。...	{ "en": null, "zh_tw": "私刑" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Alexander Pope (21 May 1688 – 30 May 1744) is regarded as the greatest English poet of his age, the early eighteenth century. He is best known for his satirical and discursive poetry—to include The Rape of the Lock, The Dunciad, and An Essay on Criticism—as well as for his translati...	{ "en": "Alexander Pope", "zh_tw": "亞歷山大・蒲柏" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Mansour was born in Cairo. He graduated from Cairo University Law School in 1967, earned a postgraduate degree in law in 1969, studied economics and earned a postgraduate degree in management science from Cairo University in 1970. He later attended France's École nationale d'administ...	{ "en": "Adly Mansour", "zh_tw": "阿德利・曼蘇爾" }
[ { "context": { "en": "On 30 June 2016, Umtiti signed for La Liga side Barcelona for a fee of €25 million. On 17 August, Umtiti made his first appearance for Barcelona in the second leg of the 2016 Supercopa de España which Barcelona won 3–0 versus Sevilla and lifted the trophy. Umtiti picked up a knee inj...	{ "en": "Samuel Umtiti", "zh_tw": "森姆・烏迪迪" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Pigments used include red and yellow ochre, hematite, manganese oxide and charcoal. Sometimes the silhouette of the animal was incised in the rock first, and in some caves all or many of the images are only engraved in this fashion, taking them somewhat out of a strict definition of ...	{ "en": "Cave painting", "zh_tw": "石洞壁畫" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Mapping HI emissions with a radio telescope is a technique used for determining the structure of spiral galaxies. It is also used to map gravitational disruptions between galaxies. When two galaxies collide, the material is pulled out in strands, allowing astronomers to determine whi...	{ "en": "H I region", "zh_tw": "中性氫區" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Nicholas John Spykman (pronounced \"Speak-man\", 13 October 1893 – 26 June 1943) was an American political scientist who was one of the founders of the classical realist school in American foreign policy, transmitting Eastern European political thought to the United States. A Sterlin...	{ "en": "Nicholas J. Spykman", "zh_tw": "尼古拉斯・斯皮克曼" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Stephen William Kuffler (August 24 Tap, Hungary, 1913 – October 11, 1980) was a pre-eminent Hungarian-American neurophysiologist. He is often referred to as the \"Father of Modern Neuroscience\". Kuffler, alongside noted Nobel Laureates Sir John Eccles and Sir Bernard Katz gave rese...	{ "en": "Stephen Kuffler", "zh_tw": "斯蒂芬・庫夫勒" }
[ { "context": { "en": "After one year of attending Planck's lectures, Meitner became Planck's assistant. During the first years she worked together with chemist Otto Hahn and together with him discovered several new isotopes. In 1909 she presented two papers on beta radiation. She also, together with Otto ...	{ "en": "Lise Meitner", "zh_tw": "莉澤・邁特納" }
[ { "context": { "en": "These missing may be detained, stranded in foreign countries, hospitalized or dead. Through its tracing services and working with the 189 national Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies around the world, the ICRC seeks to obtain information about their fate on behalf of their families...	{ "en": "International Day of the Disappeared", "zh_tw": "國際失蹤者日" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Manzoni studied Architecture at University of Florence, specializing in industrial design. In 1993 he joined the Centro Stile Lancia, and three years later he was made responsible for Interior Design of the marque. He worked on various projects such as the interiors of the Lancia Dia...	{ "en": "Flavio Manzoni", "zh_tw": "弗拉維奧・曼佐尼" }
[ { "context": { "en": "Born in Lapua, Southern Ostrobothnia, Urpilainen studied at the University of Jyväskylä, where she graduated as a Master of Education in 2002. She worked as a school teacher until her election to Parliament. She was also president of the Young European Federalists of Finland in 2001....	{ "en": "Jutta Urpilainen", "zh_tw": "尤塔・烏爾皮萊寧" }
[ { "context": { "en": "The history of Greece encompasses the history of the territory of the modern nation state of Greece as well as that of the Greek people and the areas they inhabited and ruled historically. The scope of Greek habitation and rule has varied throughout the ages and as a result the histo...	{ "en": "History of Greece", "zh_tw": "希臘歷史" }

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