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2
30
came_from
stringclasses
2 values
entities_named_by_it
listlengths
1
5
occurrences_as_written
int64
24
58M
occurrences_lower_case
int64
0
170M
lower_case_share
float64
0
1
test_is_reliable_here
bool
2 classes
caution
stringclasses
2 values
This
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q254046" ]
58,032,142
170,106,559
0.7456
true
As
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q696591" ]
19,171,398
0
0
true
Since
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q587626" ]
10,263,854
0
0
true
She
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q233229" ]
9,849,067
0
0
true
An
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q188536" ]
7,048,828
0
0
true
US
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q30" ]
5,851,402
0
0
false
the test flags this for a reason that does not hold: counting is case-sensitive, so this all-capitals form is probably a genuine name and should likely be kept
His
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q1431491" ]
5,152,998
68,757,487
0.9303
true
Most
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q146363" ]
4,854,794
0
0
true
South
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q857122" ]
4,718,943
2,713,494
0.3651
true
Many
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q1185341", "Q21827" ]
4,587,071
46,428,209
0.9101
true
Our
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q650039" ]
4,496,733
42,498,559
0.9043
true
See
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q694226" ]
4,373,802
27,713,830
0.8637
true
City
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q1428", "Q797" ]
3,066,289
0
0
true
King
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q483483" ]
2,754,561
1,912,248
0.4098
true
West
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q165784" ]
2,724,201
1,808,273
0.399
true
East
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q845168" ]
2,501,963
1,756,120
0.4124
true
IN
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q668" ]
2,382,837
0
0
false
the test flags this for a reason that does not hold: counting is case-sensitive, so this all-capitals form is probably a genuine name and should likely be kept
Court
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q69897" ]
1,791,190
0
0
true
Center
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q13947" ]
1,772,177
0
0
true
Central
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q27611" ]
1,737,183
0
0
true
Red
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q313956" ]
1,521,815
0
0
true
Les
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q12633" ]
1,520,257
10,363,738
0.8721
true
marriage
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q8445" ]
1,515,009
null
null
true
Air
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q41421" ]
1,514,021
0
0
true
Bio
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q1332822" ]
1,486,240
1,594,682
0.5176
true
Sun
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q4262031" ]
1,439,559
0
0
true
Big
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q2663482" ]
1,407,666
0
0
true
Information
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q262772" ]
1,396,092
0
0
true
Post
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q577598" ]
1,364,080
0
0
true
Island
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q128651", "Q189", "Q8673" ]
1,293,836
1,862,888
0.5901
true
Best
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q9816" ]
1,271,226
11,864,148
0.9032
true
Man
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q1191011" ]
1,181,332
8,950,795
0.8834
true
Max
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q23844" ]
1,120,543
0
0
true
Mars
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q1116491" ]
1,079,467
158,616
0.1281
true
NO
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q20" ]
1,077,229
0
0
false
the test flags this for a reason that does not hold: counting is case-sensitive, so this all-capitals form is probably a genuine name and should likely be kept
True
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q122020" ]
1,050,397
0
0
true
Force
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q56070" ]
1,024,341
5,128,574
0.8335
true
Set
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q131795" ]
1,021,793
0
0
true
Love
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q121973" ]
935,622
0
0
true
Angeles
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q55741" ]
890,919
104,137
0.1047
true
Bay
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q63763" ]
876,507
326,401
0.2713
true
IT
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q38" ]
875,296
0
0
false
the test flags this for a reason that does not hold: counting is case-sensitive, so this all-capitals form is probably a genuine name and should likely be kept
Battle
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q737593" ]
839,549
1,751,790
0.676
true
Zealand
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q25535", "Q705" ]
810,056
99,898
0.1098
true
Ocean
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q161419" ]
806,425
0
0
true
Centre
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q13947", "Q739951" ]
744,752
1,333,288
0.6416
true
Standard
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q7598149" ]
720,851
5,450,944
0.8832
true
Major
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q2086011" ]
707,348
6,594,076
0.9031
true
Die
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q209773" ]
703,183
0
0
true
honor
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q207333" ]
696,007
null
null
true
Team
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q54868" ]
681,743
0
0
true
Reading
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q161491", "Q237896" ]
678,059
0
0
true
Police
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q1022407", "Q1809719" ]
669,392
0
0
true
Delta
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q482416", "Q503910", "Q851838" ]
659,995
771,778
0.539
true
Van
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q83061" ]
649,416
0
0
true
Five
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q233748" ]
621,406
0
0
true
Clinton
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q1124", "Q1515068", "Q426209" ]
581,472
88,791
0.1325
true
Golden
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q983543" ]
572,010
564,501
0.4967
true
Together
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q710534" ]
555,813
0
0
true
Li
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q5374551" ]
555,493
460,950
0.4535
true
Father
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q186350" ]
540,810
0
0
true
Gold
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q311241" ]
537,726
0
0
true
OR
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q824" ]
512,983
0
0
false
the test flags this for a reason that does not hold: counting is case-sensitive, so this all-capitals form is probably a genuine name and should likely be kept
Victoria
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q2132", "Q36687", "Q3940", "Q9439" ]
510,837
59,083
0.1037
true
Political
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q24234163" ]
503,661
0
0
true
Live
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q40715" ]
499,239
0
0
true
Town
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q797" ]
493,399
0
0
true
Hong Kong
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q19483", "Q8646" ]
489,342
74,170
0.1316
true
Night
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q131203", "Q576795" ]
473,616
0
0
true
Put
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q946939" ]
465,086
0
0
true
Forest
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q72946" ]
446,823
0
0
true
Box
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q4441" ]
437,292
0
0
true
Allen
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q33147" ]
425,715
85,998
0.1681
true
Rose
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q53950" ]
422,748
833,822
0.6636
true
Mass
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q61071" ]
409,422
0
0
true
Has
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q16350095" ]
389,253
0
0
true
South Korea
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q884" ]
389,041
53,539
0.121
true
DE
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q1393" ]
381,926
0
0
false
the test flags this for a reason that does not hold: counting is case-sensitive, so this all-capitals form is probably a genuine name and should likely be kept
Tree
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q127332" ]
380,776
0
0
true
CO
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q1261" ]
380,088
0
0
false
the test flags this for a reason that does not hold: counting is case-sensitive, so this all-capitals form is probably a genuine name and should likely be kept
Nice
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q33959" ]
379,569
0
0
true
Say
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q546079" ]
373,378
0
0
true
divorce
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q93190" ]
370,859
null
null
true
ON
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q1904" ]
369,565
0
0
false
the test flags this for a reason that does not hold: counting is case-sensitive, so this all-capitals form is probably a genuine name and should likely be kept
Talk
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q983410" ]
368,530
0
0
true
Memory
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q327293" ]
363,093
0
0
true
Nigeria
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q1033" ]
361,900
41,131
0.1021
true
Eve
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q830183" ]
358,539
94,067
0.2078
true
Single
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q908826" ]
354,484
0
0
true
Form
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q868" ]
352,862
0
0
true
Mission
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q239877", "Q2751231", "Q7469" ]
352,834
1,558,824
0.8154
true
Higher
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q234636" ]
339,501
0
0
true
Das
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q13734" ]
336,187
846,890
0.7158
true
Poor
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q5729485" ]
333,359
0
0
true
Independence
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q24603" ]
333,277
0
0
true
Lesson
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q318217" ]
333,113
0
0
true
Various
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q3977862" ]
323,804
7,413,545
0.9582
true
Less
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q76352" ]
322,268
0
0
true
SU
added as a canonical name, 2026-08-24
[ "Q11245208", "Q15180" ]
320,586
209,746
0.3955
false
the test flags this for a reason that does not hold: counting is case-sensitive, so this all-capitals form is probably a genuine name and should likely be kept
Flash
already in He et al.'s released triples
[ "Q611576" ]
320,347
0
0
true
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

factprobe-replication-excluded-names-v1

The complete list of probed names whose occurrence counts measure an ordinary English word rather than the entity. 1,154 names: 119 that came with He et al.'s released triples and 1035 that were added on 2026-08-24 when a quarter of the entities got their canonical Wikidata name back. Q254046 is a commune in the Ardennes called 'This'; Q1022407 and Q1809719 are both called 'Police'. Wikidata also lists song and film titles as alternative names for people, so 'She' is a name for Keyshia Cole and 'Air' for Michael Jordan. NOTHING IS EXCLUDED ANYWHERE on the strength of this file. It exists so the decision can be made when aggregating and changed without counting 15 TB again. 20 rows are marked as ones where the test itself is unreliable. SUPERSEDES the partial is_ordinary_word flag in factprobe-replication-canonical-names-added-v1, which covered only the added names.

Dataset Info

  • Rows: 1154
  • Columns: 8

Columns

Column Type Description
name Value('string') the probed name
came_from Value('string') whether it arrived with He et al.'s data or was added when the canonical names were restored
entities_named_by_it List(Value('string')) every Wikidata entity this is a name for. More than one means the name is ambiguous between entities as well as with the word
occurrences_as_written Value('int64') times it occurs in the 7B mid-training corpus exactly as written
occurrences_lower_case Value('int64') times the same string occurs entirely in lower case. Null when the name is itself lower case, so there is nothing to compare it against
lower_case_share Value('float64') lower case as a fraction of the two. Genuine names sit near zero (Alex 0.032, Washington 0.068); ordinary words near one (This 0.746, His 0.930). Flagged at 0.10
test_is_reliable_here Value('bool') false for short all-capitals forms, where the comparison does not mean what it means elsewhere
caution Value('string') why, when the test is unreliable

Generation Parameters

{
  "script_name": "build_excluded_names.py",
  "model": "n/a",
  "description": "The complete list of probed names whose occurrence counts measure an ordinary English word rather than the entity. 1,154 names: 119 that came with He et al.'s released triples and 1035 that were added on 2026-08-24 when a quarter of the entities got their canonical Wikidata name back. Q254046 is a commune in the Ardennes called 'This'; Q1022407 and Q1809719 are both called 'Police'. Wikidata also lists song and film titles as alternative names for people, so 'She' is a name for Keyshia Cole and 'Air' for Michael Jordan. NOTHING IS EXCLUDED ANYWHERE on the strength of this file. It exists so the decision can be made when aggregating and changed without counting 15 TB again. 20 rows are marked as ones where the test itself is unreliable. SUPERSEDES the partial is_ordinary_word flag in factprobe-replication-canonical-names-added-v1, which covered only the added names.",
  "hyperparameters": {
    "threshold_lower_case_share": 0.1,
    "minimum_occurrences_to_test": 1000,
    "names_flagged": 1154
  },
  "input_datasets": [
    "allenai/dolmino-mix-1124",
    "Zenodo 10.5281/zenodo.15092789"
  ],
  "experiment_name": "factprobe-replication",
  "cluster": "spark",
  "artifact_status": "final",
  "canary": false
}

Usage

from datasets import load_dataset

dataset = load_dataset("latkes/factprobe-replication-excluded-names-v1", split="train")
print(f"Loaded {len(dataset)} rows")

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